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fea681da | 1 | .\" This manpage is Copyright (C) 1992 Drew Eckhardt; |
ac56b6a8 | 2 | .\" and Copyright (C) 1993 Michael Haardt, Ian Jackson. |
fea681da | 3 | .\" |
93015253 | 4 | .\" %%%LICENSE_START(VERBATIM) |
fea681da MK |
5 | .\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this |
6 | .\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are | |
7 | .\" preserved on all copies. | |
8 | .\" | |
9 | .\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this | |
10 | .\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the | |
11 | .\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a | |
12 | .\" permission notice identical to this one. | |
c13182ef | 13 | .\" |
fea681da MK |
14 | .\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this |
15 | .\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no | |
16 | .\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from | |
17 | .\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not | |
18 | .\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual, | |
19 | .\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working | |
20 | .\" professionally. | |
c13182ef | 21 | .\" |
fea681da MK |
22 | .\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by |
23 | .\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work. | |
4b72fb64 | 24 | .\" %%%LICENSE_END |
fea681da MK |
25 | .\" |
26 | .\" Modified Wed Jul 21 23:02:38 1993 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu> | |
27 | .\" Modified 2001-11-17, aeb | |
28 | .\" | |
734882f4 | 29 | .TH _EXIT 2 2017-05-03 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual" |
fea681da | 30 | .SH NAME |
a1ffe9f5 | 31 | _exit, _Exit \- terminate the calling process |
fea681da MK |
32 | .SH SYNOPSIS |
33 | .B #include <unistd.h> | |
68e4db0a | 34 | .PP |
fea681da | 35 | .BI "void _exit(int " status ); |
f90f031e | 36 | |
fea681da | 37 | .B #include <stdlib.h> |
68e4db0a | 38 | .PP |
fea681da | 39 | .BI "void _Exit(int " status ); |
68e4db0a | 40 | .PP |
cc4615cc MK |
41 | .in -4n |
42 | Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see | |
43 | .BR feature_test_macros (7)): | |
44 | .in | |
68e4db0a | 45 | .PP |
e0a98111 | 46 | .ad l |
cc4615cc | 47 | .BR _Exit (): |
e0a98111 | 48 | .RS 4 |
e464f054 | 49 | _ISOC99_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200112L |
c9f2ff9d | 50 | .RE |
e0a98111 | 51 | .ad |
fea681da MK |
52 | .SH DESCRIPTION |
53 | The function | |
63aa9df0 | 54 | .BR _exit () |
c13182ef | 55 | terminates the calling process "immediately". |
55873ed6 | 56 | Any open file descriptors belonging to the process are closed. |
99ed723a | 57 | Any children of the process are inherited by |
a88f0e06 | 58 | .BR init (1) |
99ed723a MK |
59 | (or by the nearest "subreaper" process as defined through the use of the |
60 | .BR prctl (2) | |
61 | .B PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER | |
62 | operation). | |
55873ed6 | 63 | The process's parent is sent a |
fea681da MK |
64 | .B SIGCHLD |
65 | signal. | |
dd3568a1 | 66 | .PP |
fea681da | 67 | The value |
ccb3ff19 | 68 | .I "status & 0377" |
fea681da MK |
69 | is returned to the parent process as the process's exit status, and |
70 | can be collected using one of the | |
0bfa087b | 71 | .BR wait (2) |
fea681da | 72 | family of calls. |
dd3568a1 | 73 | .PP |
fea681da | 74 | The function |
63aa9df0 | 75 | .BR _Exit () |
fea681da | 76 | is equivalent to |
63aa9df0 | 77 | .BR _exit (). |
47297adb | 78 | .SH RETURN VALUE |
fea681da | 79 | These functions do not return. |
47297adb | 80 | .SH CONFORMING TO |
5a3b5c1d | 81 | POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, SVr4, 4.3BSD. |
60a90ecd MK |
82 | The function |
83 | .BR _Exit () | |
84 | was introduced by C99. | |
fea681da MK |
85 | .SH NOTES |
86 | For a discussion on the effects of an exit, the transmission of | |
078a7d6e | 87 | exit status, zombie processes, signals sent, and so on, see |
fea681da | 88 | .BR exit (3). |
dd3568a1 | 89 | .PP |
fea681da | 90 | The function |
63aa9df0 | 91 | .BR _exit () |
60a90ecd MK |
92 | is like |
93 | .BR exit (3), | |
94 | but does not call any | |
7b57506d | 95 | functions registered with |
0bfa087b | 96 | .BR atexit (3) |
c13182ef | 97 | or |
0bfa087b | 98 | .BR on_exit (3). |
29c4533c MK |
99 | Open |
100 | .BR stdio (3) | |
101 | streams are not flushed. | |
fea681da | 102 | On the other hand, |
63aa9df0 | 103 | .BR _exit () |
fea681da | 104 | does close open file descriptors, and this may cause an unknown delay, |
c13182ef MK |
105 | waiting for pending output to finish. |
106 | If the delay is undesired, | |
988db661 | 107 | it may be useful to call functions like |
0bfa087b | 108 | .BR tcflush (3) |
60a90ecd MK |
109 | before calling |
110 | .BR _exit (). | |
d9bfdb9c MK |
111 | Whether any pending I/O is canceled, and which pending I/O may be |
112 | canceled upon | |
60a90ecd MK |
113 | .BR _exit (), |
114 | is implementation-dependent. | |
0722a578 | 115 | .SS C library/kernel differences |
9abeddb2 MK |
116 | In glibc up to version 2.3, the |
117 | .BR _exit () | |
118 | wrapper function invoked the kernel system call of the same name. | |
119 | Since glibc 2.3, the wrapper function invokes | |
120 | .BR exit_group (2), | |
121 | in order to terminate all of the threads in a process. | |
47297adb | 122 | .SH SEE ALSO |
fea681da | 123 | .BR execve (2), |
f02720dd | 124 | .BR exit_group (2), |
fea681da MK |
125 | .BR fork (2), |
126 | .BR kill (2), | |
127 | .BR wait (2), | |
128 | .BR wait4 (2), | |
129 | .BR waitpid (2), | |
7b57506d | 130 | .BR atexit (3), |
fea681da | 131 | .BR exit (3), |
7b57506d | 132 | .BR on_exit (3), |
fea681da | 133 | .BR termios (3) |