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1 | .\" Copyright 1996 Daniel Quinlan (Daniel.Quinlan@linux.org) |
2 | .\" | |
1dd72f9c | 3 | .\" %%%LICENSE_START(GPLv2+_DOC_FULL) |
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4 | .\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or |
5 | .\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as | |
6 | .\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of | |
7 | .\" the License, or (at your option) any later version. | |
8 | .\" | |
9 | .\" The GNU General Public License's references to "object code" | |
10 | .\" and "executables" are to be interpreted as the output of any | |
11 | .\" document formatting or typesetting system, including | |
12 | .\" intermediate and printed output. | |
13 | .\" | |
14 | .\" This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
15 | .\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
16 | .\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | |
17 | .\" GNU General Public License for more details. | |
18 | .\" | |
19 | .\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public | |
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20 | .\" License along with this manual; if not, see |
21 | .\" <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. | |
6a8d8745 | 22 | .\" %%%LICENSE_END |
fea681da | 23 | .\" |
fbdc1844 | 24 | .\" 2007-12-14 mtk Added Reiserfs, XFS, JFS. |
118d6caa | 25 | .\" |
35deeb87 | 26 | .TH FILESYSTEMS 5 2016-12-12 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual" |
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27 | .nh |
28 | .SH NAME | |
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29 | filesystems \- Linux filesystem types: ext, ext2, ext3, ext4, hpfs, iso9660, |
30 | JFS, minix, msdos, ncpfs nfs, ntfs, proc, Reiserfs, smb, sysv, umsdos, vfat, | |
31 | XFS, xiafs, | |
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32 | .SH DESCRIPTION |
33 | When, as is customary, the | |
34 | .B proc | |
9ee4a2b6 | 35 | filesystem is mounted on |
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36 | .IR /proc , |
37 | you can find in the file | |
38 | .I /proc/filesystems | |
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39 | which filesystems your kernel currently supports; |
40 | see | |
41 | .BR proc (5) | |
42 | for more details. | |
43 | If you need a currently unsupported filesystem, insert the corresponding | |
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44 | module or recompile the kernel. |
45 | ||
9ee4a2b6 | 46 | In order to use a filesystem, you have to |
fea681da | 47 | .I mount |
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48 | it; see |
49 | .BR mount (8). | |
fea681da | 50 | |
5bc93c9f | 51 | Below a short description of the available or historically available |
f5d65b55 | 52 | filesystems in the Linux kernel. |
253932b1 | 53 | See kernel documentation for a comprehensive |
5bc93c9f | 54 | description of all options and limitations. |
fbdc1844 | 55 | .TP 10 |
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56 | .B ext |
57 | is an elaborate extension of the | |
58 | .B minix | |
9ee4a2b6 | 59 | filesystem. |
c13182ef | 60 | It has been completely superseded by the second version |
9ee4a2b6 | 61 | of the extended filesystem |
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62 | .RB ( ext2 ) |
63 | and has been removed from the kernel (in 2.1.21). | |
64 | .TP | |
65 | .B ext2 | |
9ee4a2b6 | 66 | is the high performance disk filesystem used by Linux for fixed disks |
fea681da | 67 | as well as removable media. |
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68 | The second extended filesystem was designed as an extension of the |
69 | extended filesystem | |
fea681da | 70 | .RB ( ext ). |
eaf09625 | 71 | .RB See " ext2 " (5). |
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72 | .TP |
73 | .B ext3 | |
c2c247dc SA |
74 | is a journaling version of the |
75 | .B ext2 | |
76 | filesystem. | |
c13182ef | 77 | It is easy to |
c2c247dc | 78 | switch back and forth between |
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79 | .B ext2 |
80 | and | |
81 | .BR ext3 . | |
eaf09625 | 82 | .RB See " ext3 " (5). |
fea681da | 83 | .TP |
85c716cb | 84 | .B ext4 |
c2c247dc SA |
85 | is a set of upgrades to |
86 | .B ext3 | |
87 | including substantial performance and | |
85c716cb JB |
88 | reliability enhancements, |
89 | plus large increases in volume, file, and directory size limits. | |
eaf09625 | 90 | .RB See " ext4 " (5). |
85c716cb | 91 | .TP |
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92 | .B hpfs |
93 | is the High Performance Filesystem, used in OS/2. | |
94 | This filesystem is | |
95 | read-only under Linux due to the lack of available documentation. | |
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96 | .TP |
97 | .B iso9660 | |
9ee4a2b6 | 98 | is a CD-ROM filesystem type conforming to the ISO 9660 standard. |
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99 | .RS |
100 | .TP | |
101 | .B "High Sierra" | |
102 | Linux supports High Sierra, the precursor to the ISO 9660 standard for | |
9ee4a2b6 | 103 | CD-ROM filesystems. |
c13182ef | 104 | It is automatically recognized within the |
fea681da | 105 | .B iso9660 |
9ee4a2b6 | 106 | filesystem support under Linux. |
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107 | .TP |
108 | .B "Rock Ridge" | |
109 | Linux also supports the System Use Sharing Protocol records specified | |
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110 | by the Rock Ridge Interchange Protocol. |
111 | They are used to further describe the files in the | |
fea681da | 112 | .B iso9660 |
9ee4a2b6 | 113 | filesystem to a UNIX host, and provide information such as long |
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114 | filenames, UID/GID, POSIX permissions, and devices. |
115 | It is automatically recognized within the | |
fea681da | 116 | .B iso9660 |
9ee4a2b6 | 117 | filesystem support under Linux. |
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118 | .RE |
119 | .TP | |
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120 | .B JFS |
121 | is a journaling filesystem, developed by IBM, | |
122 | that was integrated into Linux in kernel 2.4.24. | |
fea681da | 123 | .TP |
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124 | .B minix |
125 | is the filesystem used in the Minix operating system, the first to run | |
126 | under Linux. | |
127 | It has a number of shortcomings, including a 64MB partition size | |
128 | limit, short filenames, and a single timestamp. | |
129 | It remains useful for floppies and RAM disks. | |
130 | .TP | |
131 | .B msdos | |
132 | is the filesystem used by DOS, Windows, and some OS/2 computers. | |
133 | .B msdos | |
134 | filenames can be no longer than 8 characters, followed by an | |
135 | optional period and 3 character extension. | |
136 | .TP | |
137 | .B ncpfs | |
138 | is a network filesystem that supports the NCP protocol, used by | |
139 | Novell NetWare. | |
bdd915e2 | 140 | .IP |
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141 | To use |
142 | .BR ncpfs , | |
143 | you need special programs, which can be found at | |
144 | .UR ftp://linux01.gwdg.de\:/pub\:/ncpfs | |
145 | .UE . | |
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146 | .TP |
147 | .B nfs | |
9ee4a2b6 | 148 | is the network filesystem used to access disks located on remote computers. |
fea681da | 149 | .TP |
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150 | .B ntfs |
151 | replaces Microsoft Window's FAT filesystems (VFAT, FAT32). | |
152 | It has reliability, performance, and space-utilization enhancements | |
153 | plus features like ACLs, journaling, encryption, and so on. | |
154 | .TP | |
155 | .B proc | |
156 | is a pseudo filesystem which is used as an interface to kernel data | |
157 | structures rather than reading and interpreting | |
158 | .IR /dev/kmem . | |
159 | In particular, its files do not take disk space. | |
160 | See | |
161 | .BR proc (5). | |
162 | .TP | |
163 | .B Reiserfs | |
164 | is a journaling filesystem, designed by Hans Reiser, | |
165 | that was integrated into Linux in kernel 2.4.1. | |
166 | .TP | |
fea681da | 167 | .B smb |
9ee4a2b6 | 168 | is a network filesystem that supports the SMB protocol, used by |
fea681da | 169 | Windows for Workgroups, Windows NT, and Lan Manager. |
bdd915e2 | 170 | .IP |
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171 | To use |
172 | .B smb | |
173 | fs, you need a special mount program, which can be found in the ksmbfs | |
174 | package, found at | |
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175 | .UR ftp://sunsite.unc.edu\:/pub\:/Linux\:/system\:/Filesystems\:/smbfs |
176 | .UE . | |
fea681da | 177 | .TP |
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178 | .B sysv |
179 | is an implementation of the SystemV/Coherent filesystem for Linux. | |
180 | It implements all of Xenix FS, SystemV/386 FS, and Coherent FS. | |
181 | .TP | |
182 | .B umsdos | |
183 | is an extended DOS filesystem used by Linux. | |
184 | It adds capability for | |
185 | long filenames, UID/GID, POSIX permissions, and special files | |
186 | (devices, named pipes, etc.) under the DOS filesystem, without | |
187 | sacrificing compatibility with DOS. | |
188 | .TP | |
189 | .B vfat | |
190 | is an extended DOS filesystem used by Microsoft Windows95 and Windows NT. | |
191 | .B vfat | |
192 | adds the capability to use long filenames under the MSDOS filesystem. | |
193 | .TP | |
194 | .B XFS | |
195 | is a journaling filesystem, developed by SGI, | |
196 | that was integrated into Linux in kernel 2.4.20. | |
197 | .TP | |
198 | .B xiafs | |
199 | was designed and implemented to be a stable, safe filesystem by | |
200 | extending the Minix filesystem code. | |
201 | It provides the basic most | |
202 | requested features without undue complexity. | |
203 | The | |
204 | .B xiafs | |
205 | filesystem is no longer actively developed or maintained. | |
206 | It was removed from the kernel in 2.1.21. | |
47297adb | 207 | .SH SEE ALSO |
4675c4ed | 208 | .BR fuse (4), |
091771e9 | 209 | .BR btrfs (5), |
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210 | .BR ext2 (5), |
211 | .BR ext3 (5), | |
212 | .BR ext4 (5), | |
091771e9 | 213 | .BR nfs (5), |
fea681da | 214 | .BR proc (5), |
091771e9 | 215 | .BR tmpfs (5), |
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216 | .BR fsck (8), |
217 | .BR mkfs (8), | |
218 | .BR mount (8) |