]>
Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
fea681da MK |
1 | .\" Copyright 1996 Daniel Quinlan (Daniel.Quinlan@linux.org) |
2 | .\" | |
3 | .\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or | |
4 | .\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as | |
5 | .\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of | |
6 | .\" the License, or (at your option) any later version. | |
7 | .\" | |
8 | .\" The GNU General Public License's references to "object code" | |
9 | .\" and "executables" are to be interpreted as the output of any | |
10 | .\" document formatting or typesetting system, including | |
11 | .\" intermediate and printed output. | |
12 | .\" | |
13 | .\" This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
14 | .\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
15 | .\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | |
16 | .\" GNU General Public License for more details. | |
17 | .\" | |
18 | .\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public | |
c715f741 MK |
19 | .\" License along with this manual; if not, see |
20 | .\" <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. | |
fea681da | 21 | .\" |
fbdc1844 | 22 | .\" 2007-12-14 mtk Added Reiserfs, XFS, JFS. |
118d6caa | 23 | .\" |
608bf950 | 24 | .TH FILESYSTEMS 5 2012-08-05 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual" |
fea681da MK |
25 | .nh |
26 | .SH NAME | |
85c716cb | 27 | filesystems \- Linux file-system types: minix, ext, ext2, ext3, ext4, Reiserfs, |
fbdc1844 | 28 | XFS, JFS, xia, msdos, |
85c716cb | 29 | umsdos, vfat, ntfs, proc, nfs, iso9660, hpfs, sysv, smb, ncpfs |
fea681da MK |
30 | .SH DESCRIPTION |
31 | When, as is customary, the | |
32 | .B proc | |
24d01c53 | 33 | file system is mounted on |
fea681da MK |
34 | .IR /proc , |
35 | you can find in the file | |
36 | .I /proc/filesystems | |
24d01c53 | 37 | which file systems your kernel currently supports. |
fea681da MK |
38 | If you need a currently unsupported one, insert the corresponding |
39 | module or recompile the kernel. | |
40 | ||
24d01c53 | 41 | In order to use a file system, you have to |
fea681da | 42 | .I mount |
fbdc1844 MK |
43 | it; see |
44 | .BR mount (8). | |
fea681da | 45 | |
24d01c53 | 46 | Below a short description of a few of the available file systems. |
fbdc1844 | 47 | .TP 10 |
fea681da | 48 | .B "minix" |
24d01c53 | 49 | is the file system used in the Minix operating system, the first to run |
c13182ef MK |
50 | under Linux. |
51 | It has a number of shortcomings: a 64MB partition size | |
b69987f6 | 52 | limit, short filenames, a single timestamp, etc. |
fea681da MK |
53 | It remains useful for floppies and RAM disks. |
54 | .TP | |
55 | .B ext | |
56 | is an elaborate extension of the | |
57 | .B minix | |
24d01c53 | 58 | file system. |
c13182ef | 59 | It has been completely superseded by the second version |
24d01c53 | 60 | of the extended file system |
fea681da MK |
61 | .RB ( ext2 ) |
62 | and has been removed from the kernel (in 2.1.21). | |
63 | .TP | |
64 | .B ext2 | |
24d01c53 | 65 | is the high performance disk file system used by Linux for fixed disks |
fea681da | 66 | as well as removable media. |
24d01c53 | 67 | The second extended file system was designed as an extension of the |
fea681da MK |
68 | extended file system |
69 | .RB ( ext ). | |
70 | .B ext2 | |
71 | offers the best performance (in terms of speed and CPU usage) of | |
24d01c53 | 72 | the file systems supported under Linux. |
fea681da MK |
73 | .TP |
74 | .B ext3 | |
24d01c53 | 75 | is a journaling version of the ext2 file system. |
c13182ef | 76 | It is easy to |
fea681da MK |
77 | switch back and forth between ext2 and ext3. |
78 | .TP | |
85c716cb JB |
79 | .B ext4 |
80 | is a set of upgrades to ext3 including substantial performance and | |
81 | reliability enhancements, | |
82 | plus large increases in volume, file, and directory size limits. | |
83 | .TP | |
fbdc1844 MK |
84 | .B Reiserfs |
85 | is a journaling file system, designed by Hans Reiser, | |
86 | that was integrated into Linux in kernel 2.4.1. | |
87 | .TP | |
88 | .B XFS | |
89 | is a journaling file system, developed by SGI, | |
90 | that was integrated into Linux in kernel 2.4.20. | |
91 | .TP | |
92 | .B JFS | |
93 | is a journaling file system, developed by IBM, | |
94 | that was integrated into Linux in kernel 2.4.24. | |
95 | .TP | |
fea681da | 96 | .B xiafs |
24d01c53 MK |
97 | was designed and implemented to be a stable, safe file system by |
98 | extending the Minix file system code. | |
c13182ef | 99 | It provides the basic most |
fea681da MK |
100 | requested features without undue complexity. |
101 | The | |
102 | .B xia | |
24d01c53 | 103 | file system is no longer actively developed or maintained. |
fea681da MK |
104 | It was removed from the kernel in 2.1.21. |
105 | .TP | |
106 | .B msdos | |
24d01c53 | 107 | is the file system used by DOS, Windows, and some OS/2 computers. |
fea681da MK |
108 | .B msdos |
109 | filenames can be no longer than 8 characters, followed by an | |
110 | optional period and 3 character extension. | |
111 | .TP | |
112 | .B umsdos | |
24d01c53 | 113 | is an extended DOS file system used by Linux. |
c13182ef | 114 | It adds capability for |
fea681da | 115 | long filenames, UID/GID, POSIX permissions, and special files |
24d01c53 | 116 | (devices, named pipes, etc.) under the DOS file system, without |
fea681da MK |
117 | sacrificing compatibility with DOS. |
118 | .TP | |
119 | .B vfat | |
24d01c53 MK |
120 | is an extended DOS file system used by Microsoft Windows95 and Windows NT. |
121 | VFAT adds the capability to use long filenames under the MSDOS file system. | |
fea681da | 122 | .TP |
85c716cb JB |
123 | .B ntfs |
124 | replaces Microsoft Window's FAT file systems (VFAT, FAT32). | |
125 | It has reliability, performance, and space-utilization enhancements | |
126 | plus features like ACLs, journaling, encryption, and so on. | |
127 | .TP | |
fea681da | 128 | .B proc |
24d01c53 | 129 | is a pseudo file system which is used as an interface to kernel data |
fea681da MK |
130 | structures rather than reading and interpreting |
131 | .IR /dev/kmem . | |
c13182ef MK |
132 | In particular, its files do not take disk space. |
133 | See | |
b5cc2ffb | 134 | .BR proc (5). |
fea681da MK |
135 | .TP |
136 | .B iso9660 | |
24d01c53 | 137 | is a CD-ROM file system type conforming to the ISO 9660 standard. |
fea681da MK |
138 | .RS |
139 | .TP | |
140 | .B "High Sierra" | |
141 | Linux supports High Sierra, the precursor to the ISO 9660 standard for | |
24d01c53 | 142 | CD-ROM file systems. |
c13182ef | 143 | It is automatically recognized within the |
fea681da | 144 | .B iso9660 |
24d01c53 | 145 | file-system support under Linux. |
fea681da MK |
146 | .TP |
147 | .B "Rock Ridge" | |
148 | Linux also supports the System Use Sharing Protocol records specified | |
c13182ef MK |
149 | by the Rock Ridge Interchange Protocol. |
150 | They are used to further describe the files in the | |
fea681da | 151 | .B iso9660 |
008f1ecc | 152 | file system to a UNIX host, and provide information such as long |
c13182ef MK |
153 | filenames, UID/GID, POSIX permissions, and devices. |
154 | It is automatically recognized within the | |
fea681da | 155 | .B iso9660 |
24d01c53 | 156 | file-system support under Linux. |
fea681da MK |
157 | .RE |
158 | .TP | |
159 | .B hpfs | |
c13182ef | 160 | is the High Performance Filesystem, used in OS/2. |
24d01c53 | 161 | This file system is |
fea681da MK |
162 | read-only under Linux due to the lack of available documentation. |
163 | .TP | |
164 | .B sysv | |
24d01c53 | 165 | is an implementation of the SystemV/Coherent file system for Linux. |
c13182ef | 166 | It implements all of Xenix FS, SystemV/386 FS, and Coherent FS. |
fea681da MK |
167 | .TP |
168 | .B nfs | |
24d01c53 | 169 | is the network file system used to access disks located on remote computers. |
fea681da MK |
170 | .TP |
171 | .B smb | |
24d01c53 | 172 | is a network file system that supports the SMB protocol, used by |
fea681da MK |
173 | Windows for Workgroups, Windows NT, and Lan Manager. |
174 | .sp | |
175 | To use | |
176 | .B smb | |
177 | fs, you need a special mount program, which can be found in the ksmbfs | |
178 | package, found at | |
608bf950 SK |
179 | .UR ftp://sunsite.unc.edu\:/pub\:/Linux\:/system\:/Filesystems\:/smbfs |
180 | .UE . | |
fea681da MK |
181 | .TP |
182 | .B ncpfs | |
24d01c53 | 183 | is a network file system that supports the NCP protocol, used by |
fea681da MK |
184 | Novell NetWare. |
185 | .sp | |
186 | To use | |
187 | .BR ncpfs , | |
188 | you need special programs, which can be found at | |
608bf950 SK |
189 | .UR ftp://linux01.gwdg.de\:/pub\:/ncpfs |
190 | .UE . | |
47297adb | 191 | .SH SEE ALSO |
fea681da MK |
192 | .BR proc (5), |
193 | .BR fsck (8), | |
194 | .BR mkfs (8), | |
195 | .BR mount (8) |