]>
Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
fea681da MK |
1 | .\" Copyright (c) 1995,1997 Paul Gortmaker and Andries Brouwer |
2 | .\" | |
1dd72f9c | 3 | .\" %%%LICENSE_START(GPLv2+_DOC_FULL) |
fea681da MK |
4 | .\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or |
5 | .\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as | |
6 | .\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of | |
7 | .\" the License, or (at your option) any later version. | |
8 | .\" | |
9 | .\" The GNU General Public License's references to "object code" | |
10 | .\" and "executables" are to be interpreted as the output of any | |
11 | .\" document formatting or typesetting system, including | |
12 | .\" intermediate and printed output. | |
13 | .\" | |
14 | .\" This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
15 | .\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
16 | .\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | |
17 | .\" GNU General Public License for more details. | |
18 | .\" | |
19 | .\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public | |
c715f741 MK |
20 | .\" License along with this manual; if not, see |
21 | .\" <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. | |
6a8d8745 | 22 | .\" %%%LICENSE_END |
fea681da MK |
23 | .\" |
24 | .\" This man page written 950814 by aeb, based on Paul Gortmaker's HOWTO | |
25 | .\" (dated v1.0.1, 15/08/95). | |
26 | .\" Major update, aeb, 970114. | |
27 | .\" | |
ad5b45ab | 28 | .TH BOOTPARAM 7 2014-06-13 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual" |
fea681da | 29 | .SH NAME |
f68512e9 | 30 | bootparam \- introduction to boot time parameters of the Linux kernel |
fea681da | 31 | .SH DESCRIPTION |
76c44d83 | 32 | The Linux kernel accepts certain 'command-line options' or 'boot time |
c13182ef MK |
33 | parameters' at the moment it is started. |
34 | In general this is used to | |
fea681da MK |
35 | supply the kernel with information about hardware parameters that |
36 | the kernel would not be able to determine on its own, or to avoid/override | |
37 | the values that the kernel would otherwise detect. | |
38 | ||
39 | When the kernel is booted directly by the BIOS (say from a floppy to | |
40dedbfe | 40 | which you copied a kernel using 'cp zImage /dev/fd0'), |
fea681da MK |
41 | you have no opportunity to specify any parameters. |
42 | So, in order to take advantage of this possibility you have to | |
122a101a | 43 | use a boot loader that is able to pass parameters, such as GRUB. |
fea681da | 44 | |
18299dfc MK |
45 | .\" The LILO program (LInux LOader) written by Werner Almesberger is the |
46 | .\" most commonly used. | |
47 | .\" It has the ability to boot various kernels, and | |
48 | .\" stores the configuration information in a plain text file. | |
49 | .\" (See | |
50 | .\" .BR lilo (8) | |
51 | .\" and | |
52 | .\" .BR lilo.conf (5).) | |
53 | .\" LILO can boot DOS, OS/2, Linux, FreeBSD, UnixWare, etc., and is quite flexible. | |
51700fd7 | 54 | .\" |
18299dfc MK |
55 | .\" The other commonly used Linux loader is 'LoadLin', which is a DOS |
56 | .\" program that has the capability to launch a Linux kernel from the DOS | |
57 | .\" prompt (with boot-args) assuming that certain resources are available. | |
58 | .\" This is good for people that want to launch Linux from DOS. | |
51700fd7 | 59 | .\" |
18299dfc MK |
60 | .\" It is also very useful if you have certain hardware which relies on |
61 | .\" the supplied DOS driver to put the hardware into a known state. | |
62 | .\" A common example is 'SoundBlaster Compatible' sound cards that require | |
63 | .\" the DOS driver to twiddle a few mystical registers to put the card | |
64 | .\" into a SB compatible mode. | |
65 | .\" Booting DOS with the supplied driver, and | |
66 | .\" then loading Linux from the DOS prompt with loadlin avoids the reset | |
67 | .\" of the card that happens if one rebooted instead. | |
73d8cece | 68 | .SS The argument list |
fea681da | 69 | The kernel command line is parsed into a list of strings |
c13182ef | 70 | (boot arguments) separated by spaces. |
77bda21c MK |
71 | Most of the boot arguments take have the form: |
72 | ||
73 | .in +4n | |
74 | .nf | |
fea681da | 75 | name[=value_1][,value_2]...[,value_10] |
77bda21c MK |
76 | .fi |
77 | .in | |
fea681da | 78 | .LP |
40dedbfe | 79 | where 'name' is a unique keyword that is used to identify what part of |
fea681da | 80 | the kernel the associated values (if any) are to be given to. |
33a0ccb2 | 81 | Note the limit of 10 is real, as the present code handles only 10 comma |
c13182ef | 82 | separated parameters per keyword. |
3b777aff | 83 | (However, you can reuse the same |
fea681da MK |
84 | keyword with up to an additional 10 parameters in unusually |
85 | complicated situations, assuming the setup function supports it.) | |
86 | ||
e57fca5a MK |
87 | Most of the sorting is coded in the kernel source file |
88 | .IR init/main.c . | |
c13182ef | 89 | First, the kernel |
40dedbfe | 90 | checks to see if the argument is any of the special arguments 'root=', |
25715c96 | 91 | \&'nfsroot=', 'nfsaddrs=', 'ro', 'rw', 'debug' or 'init'. |
c13182ef | 92 | The meaning of these special arguments is described below. |
fea681da MK |
93 | |
94 | Then it walks a list of setup functions (contained in the bootsetups | |
40dedbfe MK |
95 | array) to see if the specified argument string (such as 'foo') has |
96 | been associated with a setup function ('foo_setup()') for a particular | |
c13182ef MK |
97 | device or part of the kernel. |
98 | If you passed the kernel the line | |
fea681da | 99 | foo=3,4,5,6 then the kernel would search the bootsetups array to see |
40dedbfe | 100 | if 'foo' was registered. |
c13182ef | 101 | If it was, then it would call the setup |
40dedbfe | 102 | function associated with 'foo' (foo_setup()) and hand it the arguments |
31df5734 | 103 | 3, 4, 5, and 6 as given on the kernel command line. |
fea681da | 104 | |
40dedbfe | 105 | Anything of the form 'foo=bar' that is not accepted as a setup function |
fea681da | 106 | as described above is then interpreted as an environment variable to |
c13182ef | 107 | be set. |
40dedbfe | 108 | A (useless?) example would be to use 'TERM=vt100' as a boot |
fea681da MK |
109 | argument. |
110 | ||
111 | Any remaining arguments that were not picked up by the kernel and were | |
112 | not interpreted as environment variables are then passed onto process | |
1aedd258 MK |
113 | one, which is usually the |
114 | .BR init (1) | |
115 | program. | |
c13182ef | 116 | The most common argument that |
1aedd258 MK |
117 | is passed to the |
118 | .I init | |
119 | process is the word 'single' which instructs it | |
fea681da | 120 | to boot the computer in single user mode, and not launch all the usual |
c13182ef | 121 | daemons. |
1aedd258 MK |
122 | Check the manual page for the version of |
123 | .BR init (1) | |
124 | installed on | |
fea681da | 125 | your system to see what arguments it accepts. |
76c637e1 | 126 | .SS General non-device-specific boot arguments |
bebbbd1f | 127 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 128 | .B "'init=...'" |
fea681da MK |
129 | This sets the initial command to be executed by the kernel. |
130 | If this is not set, or cannot be found, the kernel will try | |
5ce89119 MK |
131 | .IR /sbin/init , |
132 | then | |
fea681da MK |
133 | .IR /etc/init , |
134 | then | |
135 | .IR /bin/init , | |
136 | then | |
0daa9e92 | 137 | .I /bin/sh |
fea681da | 138 | and panic if all of this fails. |
bebbbd1f | 139 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 140 | .B "'nfsaddrs=...'" |
fea681da MK |
141 | This sets the nfs boot address to the given string. |
142 | This boot address is used in case of a net boot. | |
bebbbd1f | 143 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 144 | .B "'nfsroot=...'" |
c13182ef MK |
145 | This sets the nfs root name to the given string. |
146 | If this string | |
fea681da | 147 | does not begin with '/' or ',' or a digit, then it is prefixed by |
25715c96 | 148 | \&'/tftpboot/'. |
c13182ef | 149 | This root name is used in case of a net boot. |
bebbbd1f | 150 | .TP |
40dedbfe MK |
151 | .B "'no387'" |
152 | (Only when | |
153 | .B CONFIG_BUGi386 | |
154 | is defined.) | |
fea681da | 155 | Some i387 coprocessor chips have bugs that show up when used in 32 bit |
c13182ef MK |
156 | protected mode. |
157 | For example, some of the early ULSI-387 chips would | |
c45bd688 | 158 | cause solid lockups while performing floating-point calculations. |
77bda21c | 159 | Using the 'no387' boot argument causes Linux to ignore the maths |
c13182ef MK |
160 | coprocessor even if you have one. |
161 | Of course you must then have your | |
fea681da | 162 | kernel compiled with math emulation support! |
bebbbd1f | 163 | .TP |
40dedbfe MK |
164 | .B "'no-hlt'" |
165 | (Only when | |
166 | .B CONFIG_BUGi386 | |
167 | is defined.) | |
168 | Some of the early i486DX-100 chips have a problem with the 'hlt' | |
fea681da | 169 | instruction, in that they can't reliably return to operating mode |
c13182ef | 170 | after this instruction is used. |
40dedbfe | 171 | Using the 'no-hlt' instruction tells |
fea681da | 172 | Linux to just run an infinite loop when there is nothing else to do, |
c13182ef MK |
173 | and to not halt the CPU. |
174 | This allows people with these broken chips | |
fea681da | 175 | to use Linux. |
bebbbd1f | 176 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 177 | .B "'root=...'" |
fea681da | 178 | This argument tells the kernel what device is to be used as the root |
9ee4a2b6 | 179 | filesystem while booting. |
c13182ef | 180 | The default of this setting is determined |
fea681da | 181 | at compile time, and usually is the value of the root device of the |
c13182ef MK |
182 | system that the kernel was built on. |
183 | To override this value, and | |
fea681da | 184 | select the second floppy drive as the root device, one would |
6387216b | 185 | use 'root=/dev/fd1'. |
fea681da MK |
186 | |
187 | The root device can be specified symbolically or numerically. | |
e57fca5a | 188 | A symbolic specification has the form |
21e79503 | 189 | .IR /dev/XXYN , |
e57fca5a | 190 | where XX designates |
40dedbfe | 191 | the device type ('hd' for ST-506 compatible hard disk, with Y in |
25715c96 MK |
192 | \&'a'-'d'; 'sd' for SCSI compatible disk, with Y in 'a'-'e'; |
193 | \&'ad' for Atari ACSI disk, with Y in 'a'-'e', | |
194 | \&'ez' for a Syquest EZ135 parallel port removable drive, with Y='a', | |
195 | \&'xd' for XT compatible disk, with Y either 'a' or 'b'; 'fd' for | |
5503c85e | 196 | floppy disk, with Y the floppy drive number\(emfd0 would be |
40dedbfe | 197 | the DOS 'A:' drive, and fd1 would be 'B:'), Y the driver letter or |
fea681da | 198 | number, and N the number (in decimal) of the partition on this device |
c13182ef MK |
199 | (absent in the case of floppies). |
200 | Recent kernels allow many other | |
fea681da MK |
201 | types, mostly for CD-ROMs: nfs, ram, scd, mcd, cdu535, aztcd, cm206cd, |
202 | gscd, sbpcd, sonycd, bpcd. | |
203 | (The type nfs specifies a net boot; ram refers to a ram disk.) | |
204 | ||
205 | Note that this has nothing to do with the designation of these | |
9ee4a2b6 | 206 | devices on your filesystem. |
40dedbfe | 207 | The '/dev/' part is purely conventional. |
fea681da MK |
208 | |
209 | The more awkward and less portable numeric specification of the above | |
c13182ef | 210 | possible root devices in major/minor format is also accepted. |
59dc509c | 211 | (For example, |
e57fca5a MK |
212 | .I /dev/sda3 |
213 | is major 8, minor 3, so you could use 'root=0x803' as an | |
fea681da | 214 | alternative.) |
bebbbd1f | 215 | .TP |
1c137827 | 216 | .BR "'rootdelay='" |
91085d85 | 217 | This parameter sets the delay (in seconds) to pause before attempting |
1c137827 PG |
218 | to mount the root filesystem. |
219 | .TP | |
220 | .BR "'rootflags=...'" | |
ffe8d0b1 MK |
221 | This parameter sets the mount option string for the root filesystem |
222 | (see also | |
1c137827 PG |
223 | .BR fstab (5)). |
224 | .TP | |
6c8adf48 JLDL |
225 | .BR "'rootfstype=...'" |
226 | The 'rootfstype' option tells the kernel to mount the root filesystem as | |
227 | if it where of the type specified. | |
228 | This can be useful (for example) to | |
229 | mount an ext3 filesystem as ext2 and then remove the journal in the root | |
230 | filesystem, in fact reverting its format from ext3 to ext2 without the | |
231 | need to boot the box from alternate media. | |
232 | .TP | |
40dedbfe | 233 | .BR 'ro' " and " 'rw' |
9ee4a2b6 MK |
234 | The 'ro' option tells the kernel to mount the root filesystem |
235 | as 'read-only' so that filesystem consistency check programs (fsck) | |
236 | can do their work on a quiescent filesystem. | |
c13182ef | 237 | No processes can |
9ee4a2b6 | 238 | write to files on the filesystem in question until it is 'remounted' |
40dedbfe | 239 | as read/write capable, for example, by 'mount \-w \-n \-o remount /'. |
fea681da MK |
240 | (See also |
241 | .BR mount (8).) | |
242 | ||
9ee4a2b6 | 243 | The 'rw' option tells the kernel to mount the root filesystem read/write. |
fea681da MK |
244 | This is the default. |
245 | ||
bebbbd1f | 246 | .TP |
d11f367d AR |
247 | .B "'resume=...'" |
248 | This tells the kernel the location of the suspend-to-disk data that you want the machine to resume from after hibernation. | |
249 | Usually, it is the same as your swap partition or file. Example: | |
77bda21c MK |
250 | |
251 | .in +4n | |
252 | .nf | |
253 | resume=/dev/hda2 | |
254 | .fi | |
255 | .in | |
d11f367d | 256 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 257 | .B "'reserve=...'" |
c13182ef MK |
258 | This is used to protect I/O port regions from probes. |
259 | The form of the command is: | |
77bda21c MK |
260 | |
261 | .in +4n | |
262 | .nf | |
fea681da | 263 | .BI reserve= iobase,extent[,iobase,extent]... |
77bda21c MK |
264 | .fi |
265 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 266 | .sp |
fea681da | 267 | In some machines it may be necessary to prevent device drivers from |
c13182ef MK |
268 | checking for devices (auto-probing) in a specific region. |
269 | This may be | |
fea681da MK |
270 | because of hardware that reacts badly to the probing, or hardware |
271 | that would be mistakenly identified, or merely | |
272 | hardware you don't want the kernel to initialize. | |
273 | ||
274 | The reserve boot-time argument specifies an I/O port region that | |
c13182ef MK |
275 | shouldn't be probed. |
276 | A device driver will not probe a reserved region, | |
fea681da MK |
277 | unless another boot argument explicitly specifies that it do so. |
278 | ||
279 | For example, the boot line | |
77bda21c MK |
280 | |
281 | .in +4n | |
282 | .nf | |
fea681da | 283 | reserve=0x300,32 blah=0x300 |
77bda21c MK |
284 | .fi |
285 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 286 | .IP |
40dedbfe | 287 | keeps all device drivers except the driver for 'blah' from probing |
94e9d9fe | 288 | 0x300\-0x31f. |
bebbbd1f | 289 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 290 | .B "'mem=...'" |
fea681da | 291 | The BIOS call defined in the PC specification that returns |
33a0ccb2 | 292 | the amount of installed memory was designed only to be able |
c13182ef MK |
293 | to report up to 64MB. |
294 | Linux uses this BIOS call at boot to | |
295 | determine how much memory is installed. | |
296 | If you have more than 64MB of | |
77bda21c | 297 | RAM installed, you can use this boot argument to tell Linux how much memory |
c13182ef MK |
298 | you have. |
299 | The value is in decimal or hexadecimal (prefix 0x), | |
40dedbfe MK |
300 | and the suffixes 'k' (times 1024) or 'M' (times 1048576) can be used. |
301 | Here is a quote from Linus on usage of the 'mem=' parameter. | |
fea681da | 302 | |
324633ae | 303 | .in +0.5i |
40dedbfe | 304 | The kernel will accept any 'mem=xx' parameter you give it, and if it |
fea681da MK |
305 | turns out that you lied to it, it will crash horribly sooner or later. |
306 | The parameter indicates the highest addressable RAM address, so | |
40dedbfe MK |
307 | \&'mem=0x1000000' means you have 16MB of memory, for example. |
308 | For a 96MB machine this would be 'mem=0x6000000'. | |
fea681da | 309 | |
192e4f2e MK |
310 | .BR NOTE : |
311 | some machines might use the top of memory for BIOS | |
4f9d18f8 | 312 | caching or whatever, so you might not actually have up to the full |
c13182ef MK |
313 | 96MB addressable. |
314 | The reverse is also true: some chipsets will map | |
fea681da MK |
315 | the physical memory that is covered by the BIOS area into the area |
316 | just past the top of memory, so the top-of-mem might actually be 96MB | |
c13182ef MK |
317 | + 384kB for example. |
318 | If you tell linux that it has more memory than | |
fea681da | 319 | it actually does have, bad things will happen: maybe not at once, but |
324633ae MK |
320 | surely eventually. |
321 | .in | |
fea681da | 322 | |
40dedbfe | 323 | You can also use the boot argument 'mem=nopentium' to turn off 4 MB |
eb1af896 | 324 | page tables on kernels configured for IA32 systems with a pentium or newer |
441082ad | 325 | CPU. |
bebbbd1f | 326 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 327 | .B "'panic=N'" |
b9aee8fe | 328 | By default, the kernel will not reboot after a panic, but this option |
f7ceac86 | 329 | will cause a kernel reboot after N seconds (if N is greater than zero). |
77bda21c MK |
330 | This panic timeout can also be set by |
331 | ||
332 | .in +4n | |
333 | .nf | |
1322e836 | 334 | echo N > /proc/sys/kernel/panic |
77bda21c MK |
335 | .fi |
336 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 337 | .TP |
40dedbfe MK |
338 | .B "'reboot=[warm|cold][,[bios|hard]]'" |
339 | (Only when | |
340 | .B CONFIG_BUGi386 | |
341 | is defined.) | |
fea681da | 342 | Since 2.0.22 a reboot is by default a cold reboot. |
40dedbfe | 343 | One asks for the old default with 'reboot=warm'. |
fea681da MK |
344 | (A cold reboot may be required to reset certain hardware, |
345 | but might destroy not yet written data in a disk cache. | |
346 | A warm reboot may be faster.) | |
b9aee8fe | 347 | By default, a reboot is hard, by asking the keyboard controller |
fea681da | 348 | to pulse the reset line low, but there is at least one type |
c13182ef | 349 | of motherboard where that doesn't work. |
40dedbfe | 350 | The option 'reboot=bios' will |
fea681da | 351 | instead jump through the BIOS. |
bebbbd1f | 352 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 353 | .BR 'nosmp' " and " 'maxcpus=N' |
fea681da | 354 | (Only when __SMP__ is defined.) |
40dedbfe MK |
355 | A command-line option of 'nosmp' or 'maxcpus=0' will disable SMP |
356 | activation entirely; an option 'maxcpus=N' limits the maximum number | |
fea681da | 357 | of CPUs activated in SMP mode to N. |
73d8cece | 358 | .SS Boot arguments for use by kernel developers |
bebbbd1f | 359 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 360 | .B "'debug'" |
fea681da | 361 | Kernel messages are handed off to the kernel log daemon klogd so that they |
c13182ef MK |
362 | may be logged to disk. |
363 | Messages with a priority above | |
fea681da | 364 | .I console_loglevel |
c13182ef | 365 | are also printed on the console. |
e57fca5a MK |
366 | (For these levels, see |
367 | .IR <linux/kernel.h> .) | |
b9aee8fe | 368 | By default, this variable is set to log anything more important than |
c13182ef MK |
369 | debug messages. |
370 | This boot argument will cause the kernel to also | |
fea681da MK |
371 | print the messages of DEBUG priority. |
372 | The console loglevel can also be set at run time via an option | |
c13182ef MK |
373 | to klogd. |
374 | See | |
fea681da | 375 | .BR klogd (8). |
bebbbd1f | 376 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 377 | .B "'profile=N'" |
fea681da MK |
378 | It is possible to enable a kernel profiling function, |
379 | if one wishes to find out where the kernel is spending its CPU cycles. | |
380 | Profiling is enabled by setting the variable | |
381 | .I prof_shift | |
c7094399 | 382 | to a nonzero value. |
40dedbfe MK |
383 | This is done either by specifying |
384 | .B CONFIG_PROFILE | |
385 | at compile time, or by giving the 'profile=' option. | |
fea681da MK |
386 | Now the value that |
387 | .I prof_shift | |
40dedbfe MK |
388 | gets will be N, when given, or |
389 | .BR CONFIG_PROFILE_SHIFT , | |
390 | when that is given, or 2, the default. | |
c13182ef | 391 | The significance of this variable is that it |
fea681da MK |
392 | gives the granularity of the profiling: each clock tick, if the |
393 | system was executing kernel code, a counter is incremented: | |
77bda21c MK |
394 | |
395 | .in +4n | |
396 | .nf | |
fea681da | 397 | profile[address >> prof_shift]++; |
77bda21c MK |
398 | .fi |
399 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 400 | .sp |
fea681da MK |
401 | The raw profiling information can be read from |
402 | .IR /proc/profile . | |
403 | Probably you'll want to use a tool such as readprofile.c to digest it. | |
404 | Writing to | |
405 | .I /proc/profile | |
406 | will clear the counters. | |
bebbbd1f | 407 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 408 | .B "'swap=N1,N2,N3,N4,N5,N6,N7,N8'" |
fea681da MK |
409 | Set the eight parameters max_page_age, page_advance, page_decline, |
410 | page_initial_age, age_cluster_fract, age_cluster_min, pageout_weight, | |
411 | bufferout_weight that control the kernel swap algorithm. | |
412 | For kernel tuners only. | |
bebbbd1f | 413 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 414 | .B "'buff=N1,N2,N3,N4,N5,N6'" |
fea681da MK |
415 | Set the six parameters max_buff_age, buff_advance, buff_decline, |
416 | buff_initial_age, bufferout_weight, buffermem_grace that control | |
c13182ef MK |
417 | kernel buffer memory management. |
418 | For kernel tuners only. | |
73d8cece | 419 | .SS Boot arguments for ramdisk use |
40dedbfe MK |
420 | (Only if the kernel was compiled with |
421 | .BR CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM .) | |
5503c85e MK |
422 | In general it is a bad idea to use a ramdisk under Linux\(emthe |
423 | system will use available memory more efficiently itself. | |
fea681da MK |
424 | But while booting (or while constructing boot floppies) |
425 | it is often useful to load the floppy contents into a | |
c13182ef MK |
426 | ramdisk. |
427 | One might also have a system in which first | |
9ee4a2b6 | 428 | some modules (for filesystem or hardware) must be loaded |
fea681da MK |
429 | before the main disk can be accessed. |
430 | ||
431 | In Linux 1.3.48, ramdisk handling was changed drastically. | |
432 | Earlier, the memory was allocated statically, and there was | |
40dedbfe | 433 | a 'ramdisk=N' parameter to tell its size. |
421405f9 | 434 | (This could also be set in the kernel image at compile time.) |
fea681da | 435 | These days ram disks use the buffer cache, and grow dynamically. |
421405f9 | 436 | For a lot of information in conjunction with the new ramdisk |
22367af2 | 437 | setup, see the kernel source file |
51700fd7 | 438 | .IR Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt |
e57fca5a MK |
439 | .RI ( Documentation/ramdisk.txt |
440 | in older kernels). | |
fea681da MK |
441 | |
442 | There are four parameters, two boolean and two integral. | |
bebbbd1f | 443 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 444 | .B "'load_ramdisk=N'" |
c13182ef MK |
445 | If N=1, do load a ramdisk. |
446 | If N=0, do not load a ramdisk. | |
fea681da | 447 | (This is the default.) |
bebbbd1f | 448 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 449 | .B "'prompt_ramdisk=N'" |
c13182ef MK |
450 | If N=1, do prompt for insertion of the floppy. |
451 | (This is the default.) | |
452 | If N=0, do not prompt. | |
453 | (Thus, this parameter is never needed.) | |
bebbbd1f | 454 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 455 | .BR 'ramdisk_size=N' " or (obsolete) " 'ramdisk=N' |
c13182ef MK |
456 | Set the maximal size of the ramdisk(s) to N kB. |
457 | The default is 4096 (4 MB). | |
bebbbd1f | 458 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 459 | .B "'ramdisk_start=N'" |
fea681da MK |
460 | Sets the starting block number (the offset on the floppy where |
461 | the ramdisk starts) to N. | |
462 | This is needed in case the ramdisk follows a kernel image. | |
bebbbd1f | 463 | .TP |
40dedbfe MK |
464 | .B "'noinitrd'" |
465 | (Only if the kernel was compiled with | |
466 | .B CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM | |
467 | and | |
468 | .BR CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD .) | |
fea681da MK |
469 | These days it is possible to compile the kernel to use initrd. |
470 | When this feature is enabled, the boot process will load the kernel | |
471 | and an initial ramdisk; then the kernel converts initrd into | |
472 | a "normal" ramdisk, which is mounted read-write as root device; | |
e57fca5a MK |
473 | then |
474 | .I /linuxrc | |
9ee4a2b6 MK |
475 | is executed; afterward the "real" root filesystem is mounted, |
476 | and the initrd filesystem is moved over to | |
e57fca5a MK |
477 | .IR /initrd ; |
478 | finally | |
479 | the usual boot sequence (e.g., invocation of | |
480 | .IR /sbin/init ) | |
481 | is performed. | |
fea681da | 482 | |
e57fca5a MK |
483 | For a detailed description of the initrd feature, see the kernel source file |
484 | .IR Documentation/initrd.txt . | |
fea681da | 485 | |
40dedbfe | 486 | The 'noinitrd' option tells the kernel that although it was compiled for |
fea681da MK |
487 | operation with initrd, it should not go through the above steps, but |
488 | leave the initrd data under | |
489 | .IR /dev/initrd . | |
4d9b6984 | 490 | (This device can be used only once: the data is freed as soon as |
fea681da MK |
491 | the last process that used it has closed |
492 | .IR /dev/initrd .) | |
73d8cece | 493 | .SS Boot arguments for SCSI devices |
fea681da MK |
494 | General notation for this section: |
495 | ||
496 | .I iobase | |
c13182ef MK |
497 | -- the first I/O port that the SCSI host occupies. |
498 | These are specified in hexadecimal notation, | |
499 | and usually lie in the range from 0x200 to 0x3ff. | |
fea681da MK |
500 | |
501 | .I irq | |
502 | -- the hardware interrupt that the card is configured to use. | |
503 | Valid values will be dependent on the card in question, but will | |
c13182ef MK |
504 | usually be 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 15. |
505 | The other values are usually | |
fea681da | 506 | used for common peripherals like IDE hard disks, floppies, serial |
fb3969cd | 507 | ports, and so on. |
fea681da MK |
508 | |
509 | .I scsi-id | |
510 | -- the ID that the host adapter uses to identify itself on the | |
c13182ef MK |
511 | SCSI bus. |
512 | Only some host adapters allow you to change this value, as | |
513 | most have it permanently specified internally. | |
514 | The usual default value | |
fea681da MK |
515 | is 7, but the Seagate and Future Domain TMC-950 boards use 6. |
516 | ||
517 | .I parity | |
518 | -- whether the SCSI host adapter expects the attached devices | |
c13182ef MK |
519 | to supply a parity value with all information exchanges. |
520 | Specifying a one indicates parity checking is enabled, | |
521 | and a zero disables parity checking. | |
522 | Again, not all adapters will support selection of parity | |
d9bfdb9c | 523 | behavior as a boot argument. |
bebbbd1f | 524 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 525 | .B "'max_scsi_luns=...'" |
310672d6 | 526 | A SCSI device can have a number of 'subdevices' contained within |
c13182ef MK |
527 | itself. |
528 | The most common example is one of the new SCSI CD-ROMs that | |
529 | handle more than one disk at a time. | |
530 | Each CD is addressed as a | |
25715c96 | 531 | \&'Logical Unit Number' (LUN) of that particular device. |
c13182ef | 532 | But most |
fea681da MK |
533 | devices, such as hard disks, tape drives and such are only one device, |
534 | and will be assigned to LUN zero. | |
535 | ||
536 | Some poorly designed SCSI devices cannot handle being probed for | |
c13182ef | 537 | LUNs not equal to zero. |
29aceda4 | 538 | Therefore, if the compile-time flag |
40dedbfe | 539 | .B CONFIG_SCSI_MULTI_LUN |
e0a06014 | 540 | is not set, newer kernels will by default probe only LUN zero. |
fea681da MK |
541 | |
542 | To specify the number of probed LUNs at boot, one enters | |
25715c96 | 543 | \&'max_scsi_luns=n' as a boot arg, where n is a number between one and |
c13182ef MK |
544 | eight. |
545 | To avoid problems as described above, one would use n=1 to | |
fea681da | 546 | avoid upsetting such broken devices. |
bebbbd1f MK |
547 | .TP |
548 | .B "SCSI tape configuration" | |
fea681da MK |
549 | Some boot time configuration of the SCSI tape driver can be achieved |
550 | by using the following: | |
77bda21c MK |
551 | |
552 | .in +4n | |
553 | .nf | |
fea681da | 554 | .BI st= buf_size[,write_threshold[,max_bufs]] |
77bda21c MK |
555 | .fi |
556 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 557 | .sp |
c13182ef MK |
558 | The first two numbers are specified in units of kB. |
559 | The default | |
fea681da MK |
560 | .I buf_size |
561 | is 32kB, and the maximum size that can be specified is a | |
c13182ef MK |
562 | ridiculous 16384kB. |
563 | The | |
fea681da MK |
564 | .I write_threshold |
565 | is the value at which the buffer is committed to tape, with a | |
c13182ef MK |
566 | default value of 30kB. |
567 | The maximum number of buffers varies | |
fea681da MK |
568 | with the number of drives detected, and has a default of two. |
569 | An example usage would be: | |
77bda21c MK |
570 | |
571 | .in +4n | |
572 | .nf | |
fea681da | 573 | st=32,30,2 |
77bda21c MK |
574 | .fi |
575 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 576 | .IP |
4568d084 MK |
577 | Full details can be found in the file |
578 | .I Documentation/scsi/st.txt | |
579 | (or | |
580 | .I drivers/scsi/README.st | |
66a9882e | 581 | for older kernels) in the Linux kernel source. |
bebbbd1f MK |
582 | .TP |
583 | .B "Adaptec aha151x, aha152x, aic6260, aic6360, SB16-SCSI configuration" | |
fea681da MK |
584 | The aha numbers refer to cards and the aic numbers refer to the actual |
585 | SCSI chip on these type of cards, including the Soundblaster-16 SCSI. | |
586 | ||
587 | The probe code for these SCSI hosts looks for an installed BIOS, and | |
c13182ef MK |
588 | if none is present, the probe will not find your card. |
589 | Then you will | |
77bda21c MK |
590 | have to use a boot argument of the form: |
591 | ||
592 | .in +4n | |
593 | .nf | |
fea681da | 594 | .BI aha152x= iobase[,irq[,scsi-id[,reconnect[,parity]]]] |
77bda21c MK |
595 | .fi |
596 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 597 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
598 | If the driver was compiled with debugging enabled, a sixth |
599 | value can be specified to set the debug level. | |
600 | ||
601 | All the parameters are as described at the top of this section, and the | |
602 | .I reconnect | |
c7094399 | 603 | value will allow device disconnect/reconnect if a nonzero value |
c13182ef MK |
604 | is used. |
605 | An example usage is as follows: | |
77bda21c MK |
606 | |
607 | .in +4n | |
608 | .nf | |
fea681da | 609 | aha152x=0x340,11,7,1 |
77bda21c MK |
610 | .fi |
611 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 612 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
613 | Note that the parameters must be specified in order, meaning that if |
614 | you want to specify a parity setting, then you will have to specify an | |
615 | iobase, irq, scsi-id and reconnect value as well. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
616 | .TP |
617 | .B "Adaptec aha154x configuration" | |
fea681da | 618 | The aha1542 series cards have an i82077 floppy controller onboard, |
c13182ef MK |
619 | while the aha1540 series cards do not. |
620 | These are busmastering cards, | |
324633ae | 621 | and have parameters to set the "fairness" that is used to share |
c13182ef | 622 | the bus with other devices. |
77bda21c MK |
623 | The boot argument looks like the following. |
624 | ||
625 | .in +4n | |
626 | .nf | |
fea681da | 627 | .BI aha1542= iobase[,buson,busoff[,dmaspeed]] |
77bda21c MK |
628 | .fi |
629 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 630 | .IP |
fea681da | 631 | Valid iobase values are usually one of: 0x130, 0x134, 0x230, 0x234, |
c13182ef MK |
632 | 0x330, 0x334. |
633 | Clone cards may permit other values. | |
fea681da MK |
634 | |
635 | The | |
636 | .IR buson ", " busoff | |
637 | values refer to the number of microseconds that the | |
c13182ef MK |
638 | card dominates the ISA bus. |
639 | The defaults are 11us on, and 4us off, so | |
fea681da MK |
640 | that other cards (such as an ISA LANCE Ethernet card) have a chance to |
641 | get access to the ISA bus. | |
642 | ||
643 | The | |
644 | .I dmaspeed | |
645 | value refers to the rate (in MB/s) at which the DMA | |
c13182ef MK |
646 | (Direct Memory Access) transfers proceed. |
647 | The default is 5MB/s. | |
fea681da | 648 | Newer revision cards allow you to select this value as part of the |
c13182ef MK |
649 | soft-configuration, older cards use jumpers. |
650 | You can use values up to | |
fea681da MK |
651 | 10MB/s assuming that your motherboard is capable of handling it. |
652 | Experiment with caution if using values over 5MB/s. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
653 | .TP |
654 | .B "Adaptec aha274x, aha284x, aic7xxx configuration" | |
fea681da | 655 | These boards can accept an argument of the form: |
77bda21c MK |
656 | |
657 | .in +4n | |
658 | .nf | |
fea681da | 659 | .BI aic7xxx= extended,no_reset |
77bda21c MK |
660 | .fi |
661 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 662 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
663 | The |
664 | .I extended | |
c7094399 | 665 | value, if nonzero, indicates that extended translation for large |
c13182ef MK |
666 | disks is enabled. |
667 | The | |
fea681da | 668 | .I no_reset |
c7094399 | 669 | value, if nonzero, tells the driver not to reset the SCSI bus when |
d89be9f3 | 670 | setting up the host adapter at boot. |
bebbbd1f | 671 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 672 | .B "AdvanSys SCSI Hosts configuration ('advansys=')" |
e57fca5a | 673 | The AdvanSys driver can accept up to four I/O addresses that will be |
c13182ef MK |
674 | probed for an AdvanSys SCSI card. |
675 | Note that these values (if used) do | |
676 | not effect EISA or PCI probing in any way. | |
33a0ccb2 | 677 | They are used only for |
c13182ef MK |
678 | probing ISA and VLB cards. |
679 | In addition, if the driver has been | |
fea681da | 680 | compiled with debugging enabled, the level of debugging output can be |
c13182ef MK |
681 | set by adding an 0xdeb[0-f] parameter. |
682 | The 0-f allows setting the | |
fea681da | 683 | level of the debugging messages to any of 16 levels of verbosity. |
bebbbd1f MK |
684 | .TP |
685 | .B "AM53C974" | |
77bda21c MK |
686 | Syntax: |
687 | ||
688 | .in +4n | |
689 | .nf | |
fea681da | 690 | .BI AM53C974= host-scsi-id,target-scsi-id,max-rate,max-offset |
77bda21c MK |
691 | .fi |
692 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 693 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 694 | .B "BusLogic SCSI Hosts configuration ('BusLogic=')" |
77bda21c MK |
695 | |
696 | Syntax: | |
697 | .in +4n | |
698 | .nf | |
fea681da | 699 | .BI BusLogic= N1,N2,N3,N4,N5,S1,S2,... |
77bda21c MK |
700 | .fi |
701 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 702 | .IP |
fea681da | 703 | For an extensive discussion of the BusLogic command line parameters, |
e57fca5a MK |
704 | see the kernel source file |
705 | .IR drivers/scsi/BusLogic.c . | |
706 | .\" (lines 3149-3270 in the kernel version I am looking at). | |
c13182ef | 707 | The text |
fea681da MK |
708 | below is a very much abbreviated extract. |
709 | ||
c13182ef MK |
710 | The parameters N1-N5 are integers. |
711 | The parameters S1,... are strings. | |
fea681da MK |
712 | N1 is the I/O Address at which the Host Adapter is located. |
713 | N2 is the Tagged Queue Depth to use for Target Devices that support | |
714 | Tagged Queuing. | |
c13182ef MK |
715 | N3 is the Bus Settle Time in seconds. |
716 | This is the amount of time | |
fea681da MK |
717 | to wait between a Host Adapter Hard Reset which |
718 | initiates a SCSI Bus Reset and issuing any SCSI Commands. | |
719 | N4 is the Local Options (for one Host Adapter). | |
720 | N5 is the Global Options (for all Host Adapters). | |
721 | ||
722 | The string options are used to provide control over Tagged Queuing | |
723 | (TQ:Default, TQ:Enable, TQ:Disable, TQ:<Per-Target-Spec>), over | |
724 | Error Recovery (ER:Default, ER:HardReset, ER:BusDeviceReset, | |
725 | ER:None, ER:<Per-Target-Spec>), and over Host Adapter Probing | |
726 | (NoProbe, NoProbeISA, NoSortPCI). | |
bebbbd1f MK |
727 | .TP |
728 | .B "EATA/DMA configuration" | |
e57fca5a | 729 | The default list of I/O ports to be probed can be changed by |
77bda21c MK |
730 | |
731 | .in +4n | |
732 | .nf | |
aeb9b6a6 | 733 | .BI eata= iobase,iobase,... . |
77bda21c MK |
734 | .fi |
735 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
736 | .TP |
737 | .B "Future Domain TMC-16x0 configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
738 | Syntax: |
739 | ||
740 | .in +4n | |
741 | .nf | |
fea681da | 742 | .BI fdomain= iobase,irq[,adapter_id] |
77bda21c MK |
743 | .fi |
744 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
745 | .TP |
746 | .B "Great Valley Products (GVP) SCSI controller configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
747 | Syntax: |
748 | ||
749 | .in +4n | |
750 | .nf | |
fea681da | 751 | .BI gvp11= dma_transfer_bitmask |
77bda21c MK |
752 | .fi |
753 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
754 | .TP |
755 | .B "Future Domain TMC-8xx, TMC-950 configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
756 | Syntax: |
757 | ||
758 | .in +4n | |
759 | .nf | |
fea681da | 760 | .BI tmc8xx= mem_base,irq |
77bda21c MK |
761 | .fi |
762 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 763 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
764 | The |
765 | .I mem_base | |
9a141bfb | 766 | value is the value of the memory-mapped I/O region that |
c13182ef MK |
767 | the card uses. |
768 | This will usually be one of the following values: | |
fea681da | 769 | 0xc8000, 0xca000, 0xcc000, 0xce000, 0xdc000, 0xde000. |
bebbbd1f MK |
770 | .TP |
771 | .B "IN2000 configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
772 | Syntax: |
773 | ||
774 | .in +4n | |
775 | .nf | |
fea681da | 776 | .BI in2000= S |
77bda21c MK |
777 | .fi |
778 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 779 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
780 | where S is a comma-separated string of items keyword[:value]. |
781 | Recognized keywords (possibly with value) are: | |
782 | ioport:addr, noreset, nosync:x, period:ns, disconnect:x, | |
c13182ef | 783 | debug:x, proc:x. |
e57fca5a MK |
784 | For the function of these parameters, see the kernel source file |
785 | .IR drivers/scsi/in2000.c . | |
bebbbd1f MK |
786 | .TP |
787 | .B "NCR5380 and NCR53C400 configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
788 | The boot argument is of the form |
789 | ||
790 | .in +4n | |
791 | .nf | |
fea681da | 792 | .BI ncr5380= iobase,irq,dma |
77bda21c MK |
793 | .fi |
794 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 795 | .IP |
fea681da | 796 | or |
77bda21c MK |
797 | |
798 | .in +4n | |
799 | .nf | |
fea681da | 800 | .BI ncr53c400= iobase,irq |
77bda21c MK |
801 | .fi |
802 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 803 | .IP |
fea681da | 804 | If the card doesn't use interrupts, then an IRQ value of 255 (0xff) will |
c13182ef MK |
805 | disable interrupts. |
806 | An IRQ value of 254 means to autoprobe. | |
4568d084 MK |
807 | More details can be found in the file |
808 | .I Documentation/scsi/g_NCR5380.txt | |
809 | (or | |
810 | .I drivers/scsi/README.g_NCR5380 | |
66a9882e | 811 | for older kernels) in the Linux kernel source. |
bebbbd1f MK |
812 | .TP |
813 | .B "NCR53C8xx configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
814 | Syntax: |
815 | ||
816 | .in +4n | |
817 | .nf | |
fea681da | 818 | .BI ncr53c8xx= S |
77bda21c MK |
819 | .fi |
820 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 821 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
822 | where S is a comma-separated string of items keyword:value. |
823 | Recognized keywords are: mpar (master_parity), spar (scsi_parity), | |
824 | disc (disconnection), specf (special_features), ultra (ultra_scsi), | |
825 | fsn (force_sync_nego), tags (default_tags), sync (default_sync), | |
826 | verb (verbose), debug (debug), burst (burst_max). | |
e57fca5a MK |
827 | For the function of the assigned values, see the kernel source file |
828 | .IR drivers/scsi/ncr53c8xx.c . | |
bebbbd1f MK |
829 | .TP |
830 | .B "NCR53c406a configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
831 | Syntax: |
832 | ||
833 | .in +4n | |
834 | .nf | |
fea681da | 835 | .BI ncr53c406a= iobase[,irq[,fastpio]] |
77bda21c MK |
836 | .fi |
837 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 838 | .IP |
24b74457 | 839 | Specify irq = 0 for noninterrupt driven mode. |
fea681da | 840 | Set fastpio = 1 for fast pio mode, 0 for slow mode. |
bebbbd1f MK |
841 | .TP |
842 | .B "Pro Audio Spectrum configuration" | |
fea681da | 843 | The PAS16 uses a NC5380 SCSI chip, and newer models support |
c13182ef | 844 | jumperless configuration. |
77bda21c MK |
845 | The boot argument is of the form: |
846 | ||
847 | .in +4n | |
848 | .nf | |
fea681da | 849 | .BI pas16= iobase,irq |
77bda21c MK |
850 | .fi |
851 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 852 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
853 | The only difference is that you can specify an IRQ value of 255, which |
854 | will tell the driver to work without using interrupts, albeit at a | |
c13182ef MK |
855 | performance loss. |
856 | The iobase is usually 0x388. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
857 | .TP |
858 | .B "Seagate ST-0x configuration" | |
fea681da | 859 | If your card is not detected at boot time, |
77bda21c MK |
860 | you will then have to use a boot argument of the form: |
861 | ||
862 | .in +4n | |
863 | .nf | |
fea681da | 864 | .BI st0x= mem_base,irq |
77bda21c MK |
865 | .fi |
866 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 867 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
868 | The |
869 | .I mem_base | |
9a141bfb | 870 | value is the value of the memory-mapped I/O region that |
c13182ef MK |
871 | the card uses. |
872 | This will usually be one of the following values: | |
fea681da | 873 | 0xc8000, 0xca000, 0xcc000, 0xce000, 0xdc000, 0xde000. |
bebbbd1f MK |
874 | .TP |
875 | .B "Trantor T128 configuration" | |
fea681da MK |
876 | These cards are also based on the NCR5380 chip, and accept the |
877 | following options: | |
77bda21c MK |
878 | |
879 | .in +4n | |
880 | .nf | |
fea681da | 881 | .BI t128= mem_base,irq |
77bda21c MK |
882 | .fi |
883 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 884 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
885 | The valid values for |
886 | .I mem_base | |
887 | are as follows: 0xcc000, 0xc8000, 0xdc000, 0xd8000. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
888 | .TP |
889 | .B "UltraStor 14F/34F configuration" | |
e57fca5a | 890 | The default list of I/O ports to be probed can be changed by |
77bda21c MK |
891 | |
892 | .in +4n | |
893 | .nf | |
fea681da | 894 | .BI eata= iobase,iobase,... . |
77bda21c MK |
895 | .fi |
896 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
897 | .TP |
898 | .B "WD7000 configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
899 | Syntax: |
900 | ||
901 | .in +4n | |
902 | .nf | |
fea681da | 903 | .BI wd7000= irq,dma,iobase |
77bda21c MK |
904 | .fi |
905 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
906 | .TP |
907 | .B "Commodore Amiga A2091/590 SCSI controller configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
908 | Syntax: |
909 | ||
910 | .in +4n | |
911 | .nf | |
fea681da | 912 | .BI wd33c93= S |
77bda21c MK |
913 | .fi |
914 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 915 | .IP |
c13182ef MK |
916 | where S is a comma-separated string of options. |
917 | Recognized options are | |
fea681da | 918 | nosync:bitmask, nodma:x, period:ns, disconnect:x, debug:x, |
c13182ef | 919 | clock:x, next. |
e57fca5a MK |
920 | For details, see the kernel source file |
921 | .IR drivers/scsi/wd33c93.c . | |
73d8cece | 922 | .SS Hard disks |
bebbbd1f MK |
923 | .TP |
924 | .B "IDE Disk/CD-ROM Driver Parameters" | |
fea681da | 925 | The IDE driver accepts a number of parameters, which range from disk |
c13182ef | 926 | geometry specifications, to support for broken controller chips. |
e2badfdf | 927 | Drive-specific options are specified by using 'hdX=' with X in 'a'-'h'. |
fea681da | 928 | |
e2badfdf MK |
929 | Non-drive-specific options are specified with the prefix 'hd='. |
930 | Note that using a drive-specific prefix for a non-drive-specific option | |
fea681da MK |
931 | will still work, and the option will just be applied as expected. |
932 | ||
40dedbfe | 933 | Also note that 'hd=' can be used to refer to the next unspecified |
c13182ef MK |
934 | drive in the (a, ..., h) sequence. |
935 | For the following discussions, | |
40dedbfe | 936 | the 'hd=' option will be cited for brevity. |
c13182ef | 937 | See the file |
4568d084 MK |
938 | .I Documentation/ide.txt |
939 | (or | |
940 | .I drivers/block/README.ide | |
66a9882e | 941 | for older kernels) in the Linux kernel source for more details. |
bebbbd1f | 942 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 943 | .B "The 'hd=cyls,heads,sects[,wpcom[,irq]]' options" |
fea681da | 944 | These options are used to specify the physical geometry of the disk. |
c13182ef MK |
945 | Only the first three values are required. |
946 | The cylinder/head/sectors | |
947 | values will be those used by fdisk. | |
948 | The write precompensation value | |
949 | is ignored for IDE disks. | |
950 | The IRQ value specified will be the IRQ | |
fea681da | 951 | used for the interface that the drive resides on, and is not really a |
e2badfdf | 952 | drive-specific parameter. |
bebbbd1f | 953 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 954 | .B "The 'hd=serialize' option" |
fea681da MK |
955 | The dual IDE interface CMD-640 chip is broken as designed such that |
956 | when drives on the secondary interface are used at the same time as | |
c13182ef MK |
957 | drives on the primary interface, it will corrupt your data. |
958 | Using this | |
fea681da MK |
959 | option tells the driver to make sure that both interfaces are never |
960 | used at the same time. | |
bebbbd1f | 961 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 962 | .B "The 'hd=dtc2278' option" |
fea681da | 963 | This option tells the driver that you have a DTC-2278D IDE interface. |
e2badfdf | 964 | The driver then tries to do DTC-specific operations to enable the |
fea681da | 965 | second interface and to enable faster transfer modes. |
bebbbd1f | 966 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 967 | .B "The 'hd=noprobe' option" |
c13182ef MK |
968 | Do not probe for this drive. |
969 | For example, | |
77bda21c MK |
970 | |
971 | .in +4n | |
972 | .nf | |
fea681da | 973 | hdb=noprobe hdb=1166,7,17 |
77bda21c MK |
974 | .fi |
975 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 976 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
977 | would disable the probe, but still specify the drive geometry so |
978 | that it would be registered as a valid block device, and hence | |
979 | usable. | |
bebbbd1f | 980 | .TP |
40dedbfe MK |
981 | .B "The 'hd=nowerr' option" |
982 | Some drives apparently have the | |
983 | .B WRERR_STAT | |
984 | bit stuck on permanently. | |
fea681da | 985 | This enables a work-around for these broken devices. |
bebbbd1f | 986 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 987 | .B "The 'hd=cdrom' option" |
fea681da | 988 | This tells the IDE driver that there is an ATAPI compatible CD-ROM |
c13182ef MK |
989 | attached in place of a normal IDE hard disk. |
990 | In most cases the CD-ROM | |
fea681da | 991 | is identified automatically, but if it isn't then this may help. |
bebbbd1f | 992 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 993 | .B "Standard ST-506 Disk Driver Options ('hd=')" |
fea681da | 994 | The standard disk driver can accept geometry arguments for the disks |
c13182ef | 995 | similar to the IDE driver. |
33a0ccb2 | 996 | Note however that it expects only three |
c13182ef | 997 | values (C/H/S); any more or any less and it will silently ignore you. |
33a0ccb2 | 998 | Also, it accepts only 'hd=' as an argument, that is, 'hda=' |
c13182ef MK |
999 | and so on are not valid here. |
1000 | The format is as follows: | |
77bda21c MK |
1001 | |
1002 | .in +4n | |
1003 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1004 | hd=cyls,heads,sects |
77bda21c MK |
1005 | .fi |
1006 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1007 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
1008 | If there are two disks installed, the above is repeated with the |
1009 | geometry parameters of the second disk. | |
bebbbd1f | 1010 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1011 | .B "XT Disk Driver Options ('xd=')" |
1be0d829 MK |
1012 | If you are unfortunate enough to be using one of these old 8-bit cards |
1013 | that move data at a whopping 125kB/s, then here is the scoop. | |
77bda21c MK |
1014 | If the card is not recognized, |
1015 | you will have to use a boot argument of the form: | |
1016 | ||
1017 | .in +4n | |
1018 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1019 | xd=type,irq,iobase,dma_chan |
77bda21c MK |
1020 | .fi |
1021 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1022 | .IP |
fea681da | 1023 | The type value specifies the particular manufacturer of the card, |
c13182ef MK |
1024 | overriding autodetection. |
1025 | For the types to use, consult the | |
fea681da | 1026 | .I drivers/block/xd.c |
c13182ef MK |
1027 | source file of the kernel you are using. |
1028 | The type is an index in the list | |
fea681da MK |
1029 | .I xd_sigs |
1030 | and in the course of time | |
1031 | .\" 1.1.50, 1.3.81, 1.3.99, 2.0.34, 2.1.67, 2.1.78, 2.1.127 | |
1032 | types have been added to or deleted from the middle of the list, | |
c13182ef MK |
1033 | changing all type numbers. |
1034 | Today (Linux 2.5.0) the types are | |
fea681da MK |
1035 | 0=generic; 1=DTC 5150cx; 2,3=DTC 5150x; 4,5=Western Digital; |
1036 | 6,7,8=Seagate; 9=Omti; 10=XEBEC, and where here several types are | |
1037 | given with the same designation, they are equivalent. | |
1038 | ||
1039 | The xd_setup() function does no checking on the values, and assumes | |
c13182ef MK |
1040 | that you entered all four values. |
1041 | Don't disappoint it. | |
1042 | Here is an | |
fea681da | 1043 | example usage for a WD1002 controller with the BIOS disabled/removed, |
40dedbfe | 1044 | using the 'default' XT controller parameters: |
77bda21c MK |
1045 | |
1046 | .in +4n | |
1047 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1048 | xd=2,5,0x320,3 |
77bda21c MK |
1049 | .fi |
1050 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1051 | .TP |
1052 | .B "Syquest's EZ* removable disks" | |
77bda21c MK |
1053 | Syntax: |
1054 | ||
1055 | .in +4n | |
1056 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1057 | .BI ez= iobase[,irq[,rep[,nybble]]] |
77bda21c MK |
1058 | .fi |
1059 | .in | |
73d8cece | 1060 | .SS IBM MCA bus devices |
e57fca5a MK |
1061 | See also the kernel source file |
1062 | .IR Documentation/mca.txt . | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1063 | .TP |
1064 | .B "PS/2 ESDI hard disks" | |
fea681da | 1065 | It is possible to specify the desired geometry at boot time: |
77bda21c MK |
1066 | |
1067 | .in +4n | |
1068 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1069 | .BI ed= cyls,heads,sectors. |
77bda21c MK |
1070 | .fi |
1071 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1072 | .IP |
fea681da | 1073 | For a ThinkPad-720, add the option |
77bda21c MK |
1074 | |
1075 | .in +4n | |
1076 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1077 | .BR tp720=1 . |
77bda21c MK |
1078 | .fi |
1079 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1080 | .TP |
1081 | .B "IBM Microchannel SCSI Subsystem configuration" | |
77bda21c MK |
1082 | Syntax: |
1083 | ||
1084 | .in +4n | |
1085 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1086 | .BI ibmmcascsi= N |
77bda21c MK |
1087 | .fi |
1088 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1089 | .IP |
aeb9b6a6 MK |
1090 | where N is the |
1091 | .I pun | |
1092 | (SCSI ID) of the subsystem. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1093 | .TP |
1094 | .B "The Aztech Interface" | |
fea681da | 1095 | The syntax for this type of card is: |
77bda21c MK |
1096 | |
1097 | .in +4n | |
1098 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1099 | aztcd=iobase[,magic_number] |
77bda21c MK |
1100 | .fi |
1101 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1102 | .IP |
f14ae16e | 1103 | If you set the magic_number to 0x79, then the driver will try and run |
c13182ef MK |
1104 | anyway in the event of an unknown firmware version. |
1105 | All other values | |
fea681da | 1106 | are ignored. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1107 | .TP |
1108 | .B "Parallel port CD-ROM drives" | |
fea681da | 1109 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1110 | |
1111 | .in +4n | |
1112 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1113 | pcd.driveN=prt,pro,uni,mod,slv,dly |
fea681da | 1114 | pcd.nice=nice |
77bda21c MK |
1115 | .fi |
1116 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1117 | .IP |
40dedbfe MK |
1118 | where 'port' is the base address, 'pro' is the protocol number, 'uni' |
1119 | is the unit selector (for chained devices), 'mod' is the mode (or \-1 | |
1120 | to choose the best automatically), 'slv' is 1 if it should be a slave, | |
1121 | and 'dly' is a small integer for slowing down port accesses. | |
1122 | The 'nice' parameter controls the driver's use of idle CPU time, at the | |
fea681da | 1123 | expense of some speed. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1124 | .TP |
1125 | .B "The CDU-31A and CDU-33A Sony Interface" | |
fea681da | 1126 | This CD-ROM interface is found on some of the Pro Audio Spectrum sound |
c13182ef MK |
1127 | cards, and other Sony supplied interface cards. |
1128 | The syntax is as follows: | |
77bda21c MK |
1129 | |
1130 | .in +4n | |
1131 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1132 | cdu31a=iobase,[irq[,is_pas_card]] |
77bda21c MK |
1133 | .fi |
1134 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1135 | .IP |
fea681da | 1136 | Specifying an IRQ value of zero tells the driver that hardware |
c13182ef MK |
1137 | interrupts aren't supported (as on some PAS cards). |
1138 | If your card | |
fea681da MK |
1139 | supports interrupts, you should use them as it cuts down on the CPU |
1140 | usage of the driver. | |
1141 | ||
1142 | The | |
1143 | .I is_pas_card | |
40dedbfe | 1144 | should be entered as 'PAS' if using a Pro Audio Spectrum card, |
fea681da | 1145 | and otherwise it should not be specified at all. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1146 | .TP |
1147 | .B "The CDU-535 Sony Interface" | |
fea681da | 1148 | The syntax for this CD-ROM interface is: |
77bda21c MK |
1149 | |
1150 | .in +4n | |
1151 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1152 | sonycd535=iobase[,irq] |
77bda21c MK |
1153 | .fi |
1154 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1155 | .IP |
40dedbfe | 1156 | A zero can be used for the I/O base as a 'placeholder' if one wishes |
fea681da | 1157 | to specify an IRQ value. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1158 | .TP |
1159 | .B "The GoldStar Interface" | |
fea681da | 1160 | The syntax for this CD-ROM interface is: |
77bda21c MK |
1161 | |
1162 | .in +4n | |
1163 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1164 | gscd=iobase |
77bda21c MK |
1165 | .fi |
1166 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1167 | .TP |
1168 | .B "The ISP16 CD-ROM Interface" | |
fea681da | 1169 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1170 | |
1171 | .in +4n | |
1172 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1173 | isp16=[iobase[,irq[,dma[,type]]]] |
77bda21c MK |
1174 | .fi |
1175 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1176 | .IP |
77bda21c | 1177 | (Three integers and a string.) |
40dedbfe | 1178 | If the type is given as 'noisp16', |
c13182ef MK |
1179 | the interface will not be configured. |
1180 | Other recognized types | |
40dedbfe | 1181 | are: 'Sanyo", 'Sony', 'Panasonic' and 'Mitsumi'. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1182 | .TP |
1183 | .B "The Mitsumi Standard Interface" | |
fea681da | 1184 | The syntax for this CD-ROM interface is: |
77bda21c MK |
1185 | |
1186 | .in +4n | |
1187 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1188 | mcd=iobase,[irq[,wait_value]] |
77bda21c MK |
1189 | .fi |
1190 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1191 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
1192 | The |
1193 | .I wait_value | |
1194 | is used as an internal timeout value for people who are | |
1195 | having problems with their drive, and may or may not be implemented | |
29aceda4 | 1196 | depending on a compile-time #define. |
fea681da MK |
1197 | The Mitsumi FX400 is an IDE/ATAPI CD-ROM player and does not use |
1198 | the mcd driver. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1199 | .TP |
1200 | .B "The Mitsumi XA/MultiSession Interface" | |
fea681da MK |
1201 | This is for the same hardware as above, but the driver has extended features. |
1202 | Syntax: | |
77bda21c MK |
1203 | |
1204 | .in +4n | |
1205 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1206 | mcdx=iobase[,irq] |
77bda21c MK |
1207 | .fi |
1208 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1209 | .TP |
1210 | .B "The Optics Storage Interface" | |
fea681da | 1211 | The syntax for this type of card is: |
77bda21c MK |
1212 | |
1213 | .in +4n | |
1214 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1215 | optcd=iobase |
77bda21c MK |
1216 | .fi |
1217 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1218 | .TP |
1219 | .B "The Phillips CM206 Interface" | |
fea681da | 1220 | The syntax for this type of card is: |
77bda21c MK |
1221 | |
1222 | .in +4n | |
1223 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1224 | cm206=[iobase][,irq] |
77bda21c MK |
1225 | .fi |
1226 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1227 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
1228 | The driver assumes numbers between 3 and 11 are IRQ values, and |
1229 | numbers between 0x300 and 0x370 are I/O ports, so you can specify one, | |
c13182ef | 1230 | or both numbers, in any order. |
40dedbfe | 1231 | It also accepts 'cm206=auto' to enable |
fea681da | 1232 | autoprobing. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1233 | .TP |
1234 | .B "The Sanyo Interface" | |
fea681da | 1235 | The syntax for this type of card is: |
77bda21c MK |
1236 | |
1237 | .in +4n | |
1238 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1239 | sjcd=iobase[,irq[,dma_channel]] |
77bda21c MK |
1240 | .fi |
1241 | .in | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1242 | .TP |
1243 | .B "The SoundBlaster Pro Interface" | |
fea681da | 1244 | The syntax for this type of card is: |
77bda21c MK |
1245 | |
1246 | .in +4n | |
1247 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1248 | sbpcd=iobase,type |
77bda21c MK |
1249 | .fi |
1250 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1251 | .IP |
fea681da | 1252 | where type is one of the following (case sensitive) strings: |
25715c96 | 1253 | \&'SoundBlaster', 'LaserMate', or 'SPEA'. |
c13182ef | 1254 | The I/O base is that of the |
fea681da | 1255 | CD-ROM interface, and not that of the sound portion of the card. |
73d8cece | 1256 | .SS Ethernet devices |
fea681da | 1257 | Different drivers make use of different parameters, but they all at |
c13182ef MK |
1258 | least share having an IRQ, an I/O port base value, and a name. |
1259 | In its most generic form, it looks something like this: | |
77bda21c MK |
1260 | |
1261 | .in +4n | |
1262 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1263 | ether=irq,iobase[,param_1[,...param_8]],name |
77bda21c MK |
1264 | .fi |
1265 | .in | |
1266 | ||
80c9146c | 1267 | The first nonnumeric argument is taken as the name. |
c13182ef MK |
1268 | The param_n values (if applicable) usually have different meanings for each |
1269 | different card/driver. | |
1270 | Typical param_n values are used to specify | |
fea681da MK |
1271 | things like shared memory address, interface selection, DMA channel |
1272 | and the like. | |
1273 | ||
1274 | The most common use of this parameter is to force probing for a second | |
33a0ccb2 | 1275 | ethercard, as the default is to probe only for one. |
c13182ef | 1276 | This can be accomplished with a simple: |
77bda21c MK |
1277 | |
1278 | .in +4n | |
1279 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1280 | ether=0,0,eth1 |
77bda21c MK |
1281 | .fi |
1282 | .in | |
1283 | ||
fea681da MK |
1284 | Note that the values of zero for the IRQ and I/O base in the above |
1285 | example tell the driver(s) to autoprobe. | |
1286 | ||
1287 | The Ethernet-HowTo has extensive documentation on using multiple | |
e2badfdf | 1288 | cards and on the card/driver-specific implementation |
c13182ef MK |
1289 | of the param_n values where used. |
1290 | Interested readers should refer to | |
fea681da | 1291 | the section in that document on their particular card. |
73d8cece | 1292 | .SS The floppy disk driver |
fea681da | 1293 | There are many floppy driver options, and they are all listed in |
4568d084 MK |
1294 | .I Documentation/floppy.txt |
1295 | (or | |
1296 | .I drivers/block/README.fd | |
66a9882e | 1297 | for older kernels) in the Linux kernel source. |
c13182ef | 1298 | This information is taken directly |
fea681da | 1299 | from that file. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1300 | .TP |
1301 | .B "floppy=mask,allowed_drive_mask" | |
10f5f294 | 1302 | Sets the bit mask of allowed drives to mask. |
c13182ef MK |
1303 | By default, only units 0 |
1304 | and 1 of each floppy controller are allowed. | |
1305 | This is done because | |
c8f2dd47 | 1306 | certain nonstandard hardware (ASUS PCI motherboards) mess up the |
c13182ef MK |
1307 | keyboard when accessing units 2 or 3. |
1308 | This option is somewhat | |
fea681da | 1309 | obsoleted by the cmos option. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1310 | .TP |
1311 | .B "floppy=all_drives" | |
10f5f294 | 1312 | Sets the bit mask of allowed drives to all drives. |
c13182ef | 1313 | Use this if you have |
fea681da | 1314 | more than two drives connected to a floppy controller. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1315 | .TP |
1316 | .B "floppy=asus_pci" | |
6387216b MK |
1317 | Sets the bit mask to allow only units 0 and 1. |
1318 | (The default) | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1319 | .TP |
1320 | .B "floppy=daring" | |
fea681da | 1321 | Tells the floppy driver that you have a well behaved floppy |
c13182ef MK |
1322 | controller. |
1323 | This allows more efficient and smoother operation, but | |
1324 | may fail on certain controllers. | |
1325 | This may speed up certain operations. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1326 | .TP |
1327 | .B "floppy=0,daring" | |
fea681da MK |
1328 | Tells the floppy driver that your floppy controller should be used |
1329 | with caution. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1330 | .TP |
1331 | .B "floppy=one_fdc" | |
fea681da | 1332 | Tells the floppy driver that you have only floppy controller (default) |
bebbbd1f | 1333 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1334 | .BR floppy=two_fdc " or " floppy=address,two_fdc |
c13182ef MK |
1335 | Tells the floppy driver that you have two floppy controllers. |
1336 | The second floppy controller is assumed to be at address. | |
1337 | If address is | |
fea681da | 1338 | not given, 0x370 is assumed. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1339 | .TP |
1340 | .B "floppy=thinkpad" | |
c13182ef MK |
1341 | Tells the floppy driver that you have a Thinkpad. |
1342 | Thinkpads use an | |
fea681da | 1343 | inverted convention for the disk change line. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1344 | .TP |
1345 | .B "floppy=0,thinkpad" | |
fea681da | 1346 | Tells the floppy driver that you don't have a Thinkpad. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1347 | .TP |
1348 | .B "floppy=drive,type,cmos" | |
c13182ef MK |
1349 | Sets the cmos type of drive to type. |
1350 | Additionally, this drive is | |
10f5f294 | 1351 | allowed in the bit mask. |
c13182ef | 1352 | This is useful if you have more than two |
fea681da | 1353 | floppy drives (only two can be described in the physical cmos), or if |
c8f2dd47 | 1354 | your BIOS uses nonstandard CMOS types. |
c13182ef | 1355 | Setting the CMOS to 0 for the |
fea681da MK |
1356 | first two drives (default) makes the floppy driver read the physical |
1357 | cmos for those drives. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1358 | .TP |
1359 | .B "floppy=unexpected_interrupts" | |
fea681da | 1360 | Print a warning message when an unexpected interrupt is received |
d9bfdb9c | 1361 | (default behavior) |
bebbbd1f | 1362 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1363 | .BR floppy=no_unexpected_interrupts " or " floppy=L40SX |
c13182ef MK |
1364 | Don't print a message when an unexpected interrupt is received. |
1365 | This is needed on IBM L40SX laptops in certain video modes. | |
1366 | (There seems to | |
1367 | be an interaction between video and floppy. | |
1368 | The unexpected interrupts | |
fea681da | 1369 | only affect performance, and can safely be ignored.) |
73d8cece | 1370 | .SS The sound driver |
77bda21c | 1371 | The sound driver can also accept boot arguments to override the compiled in |
c13182ef MK |
1372 | values. |
1373 | This is not recommended, as it is rather complex. | |
66a9882e | 1374 | It is described in the Linux kernel source file |
ef505ff0 MK |
1375 | .IR Documentation/sound/oss/README.OSS |
1376 | .RI ( drivers/sound/Readme.linux | |
1377 | in older kernel versions). | |
c13182ef | 1378 | It accepts |
77bda21c MK |
1379 | a boot argument of the form: |
1380 | ||
1381 | .in +4n | |
1382 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1383 | sound=device1[,device2[,device3...[,device10]]] |
77bda21c MK |
1384 | .fi |
1385 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1386 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
1387 | where each deviceN value is of the following format 0xTaaaId and the |
1388 | bytes are used as follows: | |
1389 | ||
4d9b6984 | 1390 | T \- device type: 1=FM, 2=SB, 3=PAS, 4=GUS, 5=MPU401, 6=SB16, |
fea681da MK |
1391 | 7=SB16-MPU401 |
1392 | ||
4d9b6984 | 1393 | aaa \- I/O address in hex. |
fea681da | 1394 | |
4d9b6984 | 1395 | I \- interrupt line in hex (i.e 10=a, 11=b, ...) |
fea681da | 1396 | |
4d9b6984 | 1397 | d \- DMA channel. |
fea681da MK |
1398 | |
1399 | As you can see it gets pretty messy, and you are better off to compile | |
c13182ef | 1400 | in your own personal values as recommended. |
77bda21c | 1401 | Using a boot argument of |
25715c96 | 1402 | \&'sound=0' will disable the sound driver entirely. |
73d8cece | 1403 | .SS ISDN drivers |
bebbbd1f MK |
1404 | .TP |
1405 | .B "The ICN ISDN driver" | |
fea681da | 1406 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1407 | |
1408 | .in +4n | |
1409 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1410 | icn=iobase,membase,icn_id1,icn_id2 |
77bda21c MK |
1411 | .fi |
1412 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1413 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
1414 | where icn_id1,icn_id2 are two strings used to identify the |
1415 | card in kernel messages. | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1416 | .TP |
1417 | .B "The PCBIT ISDN driver" | |
fea681da | 1418 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1419 | |
1420 | .in +4n | |
1421 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1422 | pcbit=membase1,irq1[,membase2,irq2] |
77bda21c MK |
1423 | .fi |
1424 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1425 | .IP |
fea681da | 1426 | where membaseN is the shared memory base of the N'th card, and irqN is |
c13182ef MK |
1427 | the interrupt setting of the N'th card. |
1428 | The default is IRQ 5 and | |
fea681da | 1429 | membase 0xD0000. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1430 | .TP |
1431 | .B "The Teles ISDN driver" | |
fea681da | 1432 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1433 | |
1434 | .in +4n | |
1435 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1436 | teles=iobase,irq,membase,protocol,teles_id |
77bda21c MK |
1437 | .fi |
1438 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1439 | .IP |
e57fca5a | 1440 | where iobase is the I/O port address of the card, membase is the |
fea681da MK |
1441 | shared memory base address of the card, irq is the interrupt channel |
1442 | the card uses, and teles_id is the unique ASCII string identifier. | |
73d8cece | 1443 | .SS Serial port drivers |
bebbbd1f | 1444 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1445 | .B "The RISCom/8 Multiport Serial Driver ('riscom8=')" |
fea681da | 1446 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1447 | |
1448 | .in +4n | |
1449 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1450 | riscom=iobase1[,iobase2[,iobase3[,iobase4]]] |
77bda21c MK |
1451 | .fi |
1452 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1453 | .IP |
e57fca5a MK |
1454 | More details can be found in the kernel source file |
1455 | .IR Documentation/riscom8.txt . | |
bebbbd1f | 1456 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1457 | .B "The DigiBoard Driver ('digi=')" |
fea681da MK |
1458 | If this option is used, it should have precisely six parameters. |
1459 | Syntax: | |
77bda21c MK |
1460 | |
1461 | .in +4n | |
1462 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1463 | digi=status,type,altpin,numports,iobase,membase |
77bda21c MK |
1464 | .fi |
1465 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1466 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
1467 | The parameters maybe given as integers, or as strings. |
1468 | If strings are used, then iobase and membase should be given | |
1469 | in hexadecimal. | |
1470 | The integer arguments (fewer may be given) are in order: | |
1471 | status (Enable(1) or Disable(0) this card), | |
1472 | type (PC/Xi(0), PC/Xe(1), PC/Xeve(2), PC/Xem(3)), | |
1473 | altpin (Enable(1) or Disable(0) alternate pin arrangement), | |
1474 | numports (number of ports on this card), | |
1475 | iobase (I/O Port where card is configured (in HEX)), | |
1476 | membase (base of memory window (in HEX)). | |
1477 | Thus, the following two boot prompt arguments are equivalent: | |
77bda21c MK |
1478 | |
1479 | .in +4n | |
1480 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1481 | digi=E,PC/Xi,D,16,200,D0000 |
fea681da | 1482 | digi=1,0,0,16,0x200,851968 |
77bda21c MK |
1483 | .fi |
1484 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1485 | .IP |
e57fca5a MK |
1486 | More details can be found in the kernel source file |
1487 | .IR Documentation/digiboard.txt . | |
bebbbd1f MK |
1488 | .TP |
1489 | .B "The Baycom Serial/Parallel Radio Modem" | |
fea681da | 1490 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1491 | |
1492 | .in +4n | |
1493 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1494 | baycom=iobase,irq,modem |
77bda21c MK |
1495 | .fi |
1496 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1497 | .IP |
fea681da | 1498 | There are precisely 3 parameters; for several cards, give |
40dedbfe | 1499 | several 'baycom=' commands. |
c13182ef | 1500 | The modem parameter is a string |
fea681da MK |
1501 | that can take one of the values ser12, ser12*, par96, par96*. |
1502 | Here the * denotes that software DCD is to be used, and | |
1503 | ser12/par96 chooses between the supported modem types. | |
4568d084 MK |
1504 | For more details, see the file |
1505 | .I Documentation/networking/baycom.txt | |
1506 | (or | |
1507 | .I drivers/net/README.baycom | |
66a9882e | 1508 | for older kernels) in the Linux kernel source. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1509 | .TP |
1510 | .B "Soundcard radio modem driver" | |
fea681da | 1511 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1512 | |
1513 | .in +4n | |
1514 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1515 | soundmodem=iobase,irq,dma[,dma2[,serio[,pario]]],0,mode |
77bda21c MK |
1516 | .fi |
1517 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1518 | .IP |
fea681da MK |
1519 | All parameters except the last are integers; |
1520 | the dummy 0 is required because of a bug in the setup code. | |
1521 | The mode parameter is a string with syntax hw:modem, | |
31df5734 MK |
1522 | where hw is one of sbc, wss, or wssfdx, and modem is one of |
1523 | afsk1200 or fsk9600. | |
73d8cece | 1524 | .SS The line printer driver |
bebbbd1f | 1525 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1526 | .B "'lp='" |
77bda21c | 1527 | .br |
fea681da | 1528 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1529 | |
1530 | .in +4n | |
1531 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1532 | lp=0 |
fea681da | 1533 | lp=auto |
fea681da | 1534 | lp=reset |
fea681da | 1535 | lp=port[,port...] |
77bda21c MK |
1536 | .fi |
1537 | .in | |
bebbbd1f | 1538 | .IP |
fea681da | 1539 | You can tell the printer driver what ports to use and what ports not |
c13182ef MK |
1540 | to use. |
1541 | The latter comes in handy if you don't want the printer driver | |
fea681da | 1542 | to claim all available parallel ports, so that other drivers |
75b94dc3 | 1543 | (e.g., PLIP, PPA) can use them instead. |
fea681da | 1544 | |
c13182ef MK |
1545 | The format of the argument is multiple port names. |
1546 | For example, | |
fea681da | 1547 | lp=none,parport0 would use the first parallel port for lp1, and |
c13182ef MK |
1548 | disable lp0. |
1549 | To disable the printer driver entirely, one can use | |
fea681da | 1550 | lp=0. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1551 | .TP |
1552 | .B "WDT500/501 driver" | |
fea681da | 1553 | Syntax: |
77bda21c MK |
1554 | |
1555 | .in +4n | |
1556 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1557 | wdt=io,irq |
77bda21c MK |
1558 | .fi |
1559 | .in | |
73d8cece | 1560 | .SS Mouse drivers |
bebbbd1f | 1561 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1562 | .B "'bmouse=irq'" |
33a0ccb2 | 1563 | The busmouse driver accepts only one parameter, that being the |
fea681da | 1564 | hardware IRQ value to be used. |
bebbbd1f | 1565 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1566 | .B "'msmouse=irq'" |
fea681da | 1567 | And precisely the same is true for the msmouse driver. |
bebbbd1f MK |
1568 | .TP |
1569 | .B "ATARI mouse setup" | |
77bda21c MK |
1570 | Syntax: |
1571 | ||
1572 | .in +4n | |
1573 | .nf | |
fea681da | 1574 | atamouse=threshold[,y-threshold] |
77bda21c MK |
1575 | .fi |
1576 | .in | |
fea681da MK |
1577 | .IP |
1578 | If only one argument is given, it is used for both | |
c13182ef MK |
1579 | x-threshold and y-threshold. |
1580 | Otherwise, the first argument | |
fea681da MK |
1581 | is the x-threshold, and the second the y-threshold. |
1582 | These values must lie between 1 and 20 (inclusive); the default is 2. | |
73d8cece | 1583 | .SS Video hardware |
bebbbd1f | 1584 | .TP |
40dedbfe | 1585 | .B "'no-scroll'" |
fea681da MK |
1586 | This option tells the console driver not to use hardware scroll |
1587 | (where a scroll is effected by moving the screen origin in video | |
c13182ef MK |
1588 | memory, instead of moving the data). |
1589 | It is required by certain | |
fea681da | 1590 | Braille machines. |
fd7f0a7f MK |
1591 | .\" .SH AUTHORS |
1592 | .\" Linus Torvalds (and many others) | |
47297adb | 1593 | .SH SEE ALSO |
fea681da | 1594 | .BR klogd (8), |
421405f9 | 1595 | .BR mount (8) |
fea681da MK |
1596 | |
1597 | Large parts of this man page have been derived from the | |
1598 | Boot Parameter HOWTO (version 1.0.1) written by Paul Gortmaker. | |
1599 | More information may be found in this (or a more recent) HOWTO. | |
e57fca5a MK |
1600 | An up-to-date source of information is the kernel source file |
1601 | .IR Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt . |