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1f77f049 | 1 | @include macros.texi |
8b748aed | 2 | @include pkgvers.texi |
3c20b9b6 | 3 | |
d136c6dc | 4 | @ifclear plain |
3d2abe79 | 5 | @node Installation, Maintenance, Library Summary, Top |
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6 | @end ifclear |
7 | ||
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8 | @c %MENU% How to install the GNU C Library |
9 | @appendix Installing @theglibc{} | |
3c20b9b6 | 10 | |
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11 | Before you do anything else, you should read the FAQ at |
12 | @url{http://sourceware.org/glibc/wiki/FAQ}. It answers common | |
13 | questions and describes problems you may experience with compilation | |
14 | and installation. | |
3c20b9b6 | 15 | |
1f77f049 | 16 | Features can be added to @theglibc{} via @dfn{add-on} bundles. These are |
a4d62195 | 17 | separate tar files, which you unpack into the top level of the source |
1792d4db | 18 | tree. Then you give @code{configure} the @samp{--enable-add-ons} option |
b3af1a24 | 19 | to activate them, and they will be compiled into the library. |
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20 | |
21 | You will need recent versions of several GNU tools: definitely GCC and | |
fe959e1e | 22 | GNU Make, and possibly others. @xref{Tools for Compilation}, below. |
00c1176b | 23 | |
ee0a148a | 24 | @ifclear plain |
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25 | @menu |
26 | * Configuring and compiling:: How to compile and test GNU libc. | |
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27 | * Running make install:: How to install it once you've got it |
28 | compiled. | |
00c1176b | 29 | * Tools for Compilation:: You'll need these first. |
90d1d40b | 30 | * Linux:: Specific advice for GNU/Linux systems. |
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31 | * Reporting Bugs:: So they'll get fixed. |
32 | @end menu | |
ee0a148a | 33 | @end ifclear |
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34 | |
35 | @node Configuring and compiling | |
1f77f049 | 36 | @appendixsec Configuring and compiling @theglibc{} |
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37 | @cindex configuring |
38 | @cindex compiling | |
00c1176b | 39 | |
1f77f049 | 40 | @Theglibc{} cannot be compiled in the source directory. You must build |
3858bf28 | 41 | it in a separate build directory. For example, if you have unpacked |
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42 | the @glibcadj{} sources in @file{/src/gnu/glibc-@var{version}}, |
43 | create a directory | |
e8b1163e | 44 | @file{/src/gnu/glibc-build} to put the object files in. This allows |
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45 | removing the whole build directory in case an error occurs, which is |
46 | the safest way to get a fresh start and should always be done. | |
00c1176b | 47 | |
a4d62195 | 48 | From your object directory, run the shell script @file{configure} located |
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49 | at the top level of the source tree. In the scenario above, you'd type |
50 | ||
51 | @smallexample | |
f1e86fca | 52 | $ ../glibc-@var{version}/configure @var{args@dots{}} |
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53 | @end smallexample |
54 | ||
3858bf28 | 55 | Please note that even though you're building in a separate build |
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56 | directory, the compilation may need to create or modify files and |
57 | directories in the source directory. | |
f76d7052 | 58 | |
00c1176b | 59 | @noindent |
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60 | @code{configure} takes many options, but the only one that is usually |
61 | mandatory is @samp{--prefix}. This option tells @code{configure} | |
1f77f049 | 62 | where you want @theglibc{} installed. This defaults to @file{/usr/local}, |
3858bf28 | 63 | but the normal setting to install as the standard system library is |
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64 | @samp{--prefix=/usr} for @gnulinuxsystems{} and @samp{--prefix=} (an |
65 | empty prefix) for @gnuhurdsystems{}. | |
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66 | |
67 | It may also be useful to set the @var{CC} and @var{CFLAGS} variables in | |
68 | the environment when running @code{configure}. @var{CC} selects the C | |
69 | compiler that will be used, and @var{CFLAGS} sets optimization options | |
70 | for the compiler. | |
71 | ||
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72 | The following list describes all of the available options for |
73 | @code{configure}: | |
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74 | |
75 | @table @samp | |
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76 | @item --prefix=@var{directory} |
77 | Install machine-independent data files in subdirectories of | |
78 | @file{@var{directory}}. The default is to install in @file{/usr/local}. | |
79 | ||
80 | @item --exec-prefix=@var{directory} | |
81 | Install the library and other machine-dependent files in subdirectories | |
82 | of @file{@var{directory}}. The default is to the @samp{--prefix} | |
04b9968b | 83 | directory if that option is specified, or @file{/usr/local} otherwise. |
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84 | |
85 | @item --with-headers=@var{directory} | |
86 | Look for kernel header files in @var{directory}, not | |
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87 | @file{/usr/include}. @Theglibc{} needs information from the kernel's header |
88 | files describing the interface to the kernel. @Theglibc{} will normally | |
abd923db | 89 | look in @file{/usr/include} for them, |
04b9968b | 90 | but if you specify this option, it will look in @var{DIRECTORY} instead. |
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91 | |
92 | This option is primarily of use on a system where the headers in | |
1f77f049 | 93 | @file{/usr/include} come from an older version of @theglibc{}. Conflicts can |
02c4bbad | 94 | occasionally happen in this case. You can also use this option if you want to |
1f77f049 | 95 | compile @theglibc{} with a newer set of kernel headers than the ones found in |
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96 | @file{/usr/include}. |
97 | ||
98 | @item --enable-add-ons[=@var{list}] | |
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99 | Specify add-on packages to include in the build. If this option is |
100 | specified with no list, it enables all the add-on packages it finds in | |
101 | the main source directory; this is the default behavior. You may | |
102 | specify an explicit list of add-ons to use in @var{list}, separated by | |
103 | spaces or commas (if you use spaces, remember to quote them from the | |
104 | shell). Each add-on in @var{list} can be an absolute directory name | |
105 | or can be a directory name relative to the main source directory, or | |
106 | relative to the build directory (that is, the current working directory). | |
f1e86fca | 107 | For example, @samp{--enable-add-ons=nptl,../glibc-libidn-@var{version}}. |
00c1176b | 108 | |
d2830ba4 | 109 | @item --enable-kernel=@var{version} |
a7a93d50 | 110 | This option is currently only useful on @gnulinuxsystems{}. The |
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111 | @var{version} parameter should have the form X.Y.Z and describes the |
112 | smallest version of the Linux kernel the generated library is expected | |
113 | to support. The higher the @var{version} number is, the less | |
114 | compatibility code is added, and the faster the code gets. | |
115 | ||
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116 | @item --with-binutils=@var{directory} |
117 | Use the binutils (assembler and linker) in @file{@var{directory}}, not | |
a4d62195 | 118 | the ones the C compiler would default to. You can use this option if |
3c20b9b6 | 119 | the default binutils on your system cannot deal with all the constructs |
1f77f049 | 120 | in @theglibc{}. In that case, @code{configure} will detect the |
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121 | problem and suppress these constructs, so that the library will still be |
122 | usable, but functionality may be lost---for example, you can't build a | |
123 | shared libc with old binutils. | |
3c20b9b6 | 124 | |
3c20b9b6 | 125 | @item --without-fp |
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126 | Use this option if your computer lacks hardware floating-point support |
127 | and your operating system does not emulate an FPU. | |
128 | ||
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129 | @c disable static doesn't work currently |
130 | @c @item --disable-static | |
fb06851d | 131 | @c Don't build static libraries. Static libraries aren't that useful these |
b5ca0fb0 | 132 | @c days, but we recommend you build them in case you need them. |
3c20b9b6 | 133 | |
00c1176b | 134 | @item --disable-shared |
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135 | Don't build shared libraries even if it is possible. Not all systems |
136 | support shared libraries; you need ELF support and (currently) the GNU | |
137 | linker. | |
3c20b9b6 | 138 | |
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139 | @item --disable-profile |
140 | Don't build libraries with profiling information. You may want to use | |
141 | this option if you don't plan to do profiling. | |
f12944ec | 142 | |
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143 | @item --enable-static-nss |
144 | Compile static versions of the NSS (Name Service Switch) libraries. | |
145 | This is not recommended because it defeats the purpose of NSS; a program | |
146 | linked statically with the NSS libraries cannot be dynamically | |
147 | reconfigured to use a different name database. | |
148 | ||
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149 | @item --enable-hardcoded-path-in-tests |
150 | By default, dynamic tests are linked to run with the installed C library. | |
151 | This option hardcodes the newly built C library path in dynamic tests | |
152 | so that they can be invoked directly. | |
153 | ||
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154 | @item --disable-timezone-tools |
155 | By default, timezone related utilities (@command{zic}, @command{zdump}, | |
44f826e3 | 156 | and @command{tzselect}) are installed with @theglibc{}. If you are building |
1cba4036 | 157 | these independently (e.g. by using the @samp{tzcode} package), then this |
44f826e3 | 158 | option will allow disabling the install of these. |
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159 | |
160 | Note that you need to make sure the external tools are kept in sync with | |
161 | the versions that @theglibc{} expects as the data formats may change over | |
162 | time. Consult the @file{timezone} subdirectory for more details. | |
163 | ||
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164 | @item --enable-lock-elision=yes |
165 | Enable lock elision for pthread mutexes by default. | |
166 | ||
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167 | @item --enable-stack-protector |
168 | @itemx --enable-stack-protector=strong | |
169 | @itemx --enable-stack-protector=all | |
170 | Compile the C library and all other parts of the glibc package | |
171 | (including the threading and math libraries, NSS modules, and | |
172 | transliteration modules) using the GCC @option{-fstack-protector}, | |
173 | @option{-fstack-protector-strong} or @option{-fstack-protector-all} | |
174 | options to detect stack overruns. Only the dynamic linker and a small | |
175 | number of routines called directly from assembler are excluded from this | |
176 | protection. | |
177 | ||
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178 | @item --enable-bind-now |
179 | Disable lazy binding for installed shared objects. This provides | |
180 | additional security hardening because it enables full RELRO and a | |
181 | read-only global offset table (GOT), at the cost of slightly increased | |
182 | program load times. | |
183 | ||
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184 | @pindex pt_chown |
185 | @findex grantpt | |
186 | @item --enable-pt_chown | |
187 | The file @file{pt_chown} is a helper binary for @code{grantpt} | |
188 | (@pxref{Allocation, Pseudo-Terminals}) that is installed setuid root to | |
189 | fix up pseudo-terminal ownership. It is not built by default because | |
190 | systems using the Linux kernel are commonly built with the @code{devpts} | |
191 | filesystem enabled and mounted at @file{/dev/pts}, which manages | |
192 | pseudo-terminal ownership automatically. By using | |
193 | @samp{--enable-pt_chown}, you may build @file{pt_chown} and install it | |
194 | setuid and owned by @code{root}. The use of @file{pt_chown} introduces | |
195 | additional security risks to the system and you should enable it only if | |
196 | you understand and accept those risks. | |
197 | ||
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198 | @item --disable-werror |
199 | By default, @theglibc{} is built with @option{-Werror}. If you wish | |
200 | to build without this option (for example, if building with a newer | |
201 | version of GCC than this version of @theglibc{} was tested with, so | |
202 | new warnings cause the build with @option{-Werror} to fail), you can | |
203 | configure with @option{--disable-werror}. | |
204 | ||
21933112 | 205 | @item --disable-mathvec |
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206 | By default for x86_64, @theglibc{} is built with the vector math library. |
207 | Use this option to disable the vector math library. | |
21933112 | 208 | |
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209 | @item --enable-tunables |
210 | Tunables support allows additional library parameters to be customized at | |
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211 | runtime. This feature is enabled by default. This option can take the |
212 | following values: | |
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213 | |
214 | @table @code | |
6765d5d3 | 215 | @item yes |
2c0b90ab | 216 | This is the default if no option is passed to configure. This enables tunables |
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217 | and selects the default frontend (currently @samp{valstring}). |
218 | ||
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219 | @item no |
220 | This option disables tunables. | |
221 | ||
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222 | @item valstring |
223 | This enables tunables and selects the @samp{valstring} frontend for tunables. | |
224 | This frontend allows users to specify tunables as a colon-separated list in a | |
225 | single environment variable @env{GLIBC_TUNABLES}. | |
226 | @end table | |
67e58f39 | 227 | |
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228 | @item --enable-obsolete-nsl |
229 | By default, libnsl is only built as shared library for backward | |
230 | compatibility and the NSS modules libnss_compat, libnss_nis and | |
231 | libnss_nisplus are not built at all. | |
232 | Use this option to enable libnsl with all depending NSS modules and | |
233 | header files. | |
234 | ||
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235 | @item --build=@var{build-system} |
236 | @itemx --host=@var{host-system} | |
04b9968b | 237 | These options are for cross-compiling. If you specify both options and |
00c1176b | 238 | @var{build-system} is different from @var{host-system}, @code{configure} |
1f77f049 | 239 | will prepare to cross-compile @theglibc{} from @var{build-system} to be used |
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240 | on @var{host-system}. You'll probably need the @samp{--with-headers} |
241 | option too, and you may have to override @var{configure}'s selection of | |
242 | the compiler and/or binutils. | |
243 | ||
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244 | If you only specify @samp{--host}, @code{configure} will prepare for a |
245 | native compile but use what you specify instead of guessing what your | |
cf822e3c | 246 | system is. This is most useful to change the CPU submodel. For example, |
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247 | if @code{configure} guesses your machine as @code{i686-pc-linux-gnu} but |
248 | you want to compile a library for 586es, give | |
249 | @samp{--host=i586-pc-linux-gnu} or just @samp{--host=i586-linux} and add | |
250 | the appropriate compiler flags (@samp{-mcpu=i586} will do the trick) to | |
a4d62195 | 251 | @var{CFLAGS}. |
1792d4db | 252 | |
a4d62195 | 253 | If you specify just @samp{--build}, @code{configure} will get confused. |
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254 | |
255 | @item --with-pkgversion=@var{version} | |
256 | Specify a description, possibly including a build number or build | |
257 | date, of the binaries being built, to be included in | |
258 | @option{--version} output from programs installed with @theglibc{}. | |
259 | For example, @option{--with-pkgversion='FooBar GNU/Linux glibc build | |
260 | 123'}. The default value is @samp{GNU libc}. | |
261 | ||
262 | @item --with-bugurl=@var{url} | |
263 | Specify the URL that users should visit if they wish to report a bug, | |
264 | to be included in @option{--help} output from programs installed with | |
265 | @theglibc{}. The default value refers to the main bug-reporting | |
266 | information for @theglibc{}. | |
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267 | @end table |
268 | ||
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269 | To build the library and related programs, type @code{make}. This will |
270 | produce a lot of output, some of which may look like errors from | |
b55a155f | 271 | @code{make} but aren't. Look for error messages from @code{make} |
a4d62195 | 272 | containing @samp{***}. Those indicate that something is seriously wrong. |
00c1176b | 273 | |
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274 | The compilation process can take a long time, depending on the |
275 | configuration and the speed of your machine. Some complex modules may | |
276 | take a very long time to compile, as much as several minutes on slower | |
277 | machines. Do not panic if the compiler appears to hang. | |
3c20b9b6 | 278 | |
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279 | If you want to run a parallel make, simply pass the @samp{-j} option |
280 | with an appropriate numeric parameter to @code{make}. You need a recent | |
281 | GNU @code{make} version, though. | |
f12944ec | 282 | |
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283 | To build and run test programs which exercise some of the library |
284 | facilities, type @code{make check}. If it does not complete | |
285 | successfully, do not use the built library, and report a bug after | |
286 | verifying that the problem is not already known. @xref{Reporting Bugs}, | |
287 | for instructions on reporting bugs. Note that some of the tests assume | |
288 | they are not being run by @code{root}. We recommend you compile and | |
1f77f049 | 289 | test @theglibc{} as an unprivileged user. |
3c20b9b6 | 290 | |
8eadd4f3 | 291 | Before reporting bugs make sure there is no problem with your system. |
a4d62195 | 292 | The tests (and later installation) use some pre-existing files of the |
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293 | system such as @file{/etc/passwd}, @file{/etc/nsswitch.conf} and others. |
294 | These files must all contain correct and sensible content. | |
295 | ||
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296 | Normally, @code{make check} will run all the tests before reporting |
297 | all problems found and exiting with error status if any problems | |
298 | occurred. You can specify @samp{stop-on-test-failure=y} when running | |
299 | @code{make check} to make the test run stop and exit with an error | |
300 | status immediately when a failure occurs. | |
301 | ||
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302 | The @glibcadj{} pretty printers come with their own set of scripts for testing, |
303 | which run together with the rest of the testsuite through @code{make check}. | |
304 | These scripts require the following tools to run successfully: | |
305 | ||
306 | @itemize @bullet | |
307 | @item | |
308 | Python 2.7.6/3.4.3 or later | |
309 | ||
310 | Python is required for running the printers' test scripts. | |
311 | ||
312 | @item PExpect 4.0 | |
313 | ||
314 | The printer tests drive GDB through test programs and compare its output | |
315 | to the printers'. PExpect is used to capture the output of GDB, and should be | |
316 | compatible with the Python version in your system. | |
317 | ||
318 | @item | |
319 | GDB 7.8 or later with support for Python 2.7.6/3.4.3 or later | |
320 | ||
321 | GDB itself needs to be configured with Python support in order to use the | |
322 | pretty printers. Notice that your system having Python available doesn't imply | |
323 | that GDB supports it, nor that your system's Python and GDB's have the same | |
324 | version. | |
325 | @end itemize | |
326 | ||
327 | @noindent | |
328 | If these tools are absent, the printer tests will report themselves as | |
329 | @code{UNSUPPORTED}. Notice that some of the printer tests require @theglibc{} | |
330 | to be compiled with debugging symbols. | |
331 | ||
3c20b9b6 | 332 | To format the @cite{GNU C Library Reference Manual} for printing, type |
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333 | @w{@code{make dvi}}. You need a working @TeX{} installation to do |
334 | this. The distribution builds the on-line formatted version of the | |
335 | manual, as Info files, as part of the build process. You can build | |
336 | them manually with @w{@code{make info}}. | |
1792d4db | 337 | |
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338 | The library has a number of special-purpose configuration parameters |
339 | which you can find in @file{Makeconfig}. These can be overwritten with | |
340 | the file @file{configparms}. To change them, create a | |
341 | @file{configparms} in your build directory and add values as appropriate | |
342 | for your system. The file is included and parsed by @code{make} and has | |
343 | to follow the conventions for makefiles. | |
344 | ||
1f77f049 | 345 | It is easy to configure @theglibc{} for cross-compilation by |
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346 | setting a few variables in @file{configparms}. Set @code{CC} to the |
347 | cross-compiler for the target you configured the library for; it is | |
348 | important to use this same @code{CC} value when running | |
349 | @code{configure}, like this: @samp{CC=@var{target}-gcc configure | |
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350 | @var{target}}. Set @code{BUILD_CC} to the compiler to use for programs |
351 | run on the build system as part of compiling the library. You may need to | |
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352 | set @code{AR} to cross-compiling versions of @code{ar} |
353 | if the native tools are not configured to work with | |
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354 | object files for the target you configured for. When cross-compiling |
355 | @theglibc{}, it may be tested using @samp{make check | |
356 | test-wrapper="@var{srcdir}/scripts/cross-test-ssh.sh @var{hostname}"}, | |
357 | where @var{srcdir} is the absolute directory name for the main source | |
358 | directory and @var{hostname} is the host name of a system that can run | |
359 | the newly built binaries of @theglibc{}. The source and build | |
360 | directories must be visible at the same locations on both the build | |
361 | system and @var{hostname}. | |
2e8048e5 | 362 | |
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363 | In general, when testing @theglibc{}, @samp{test-wrapper} may be set |
364 | to the name and arguments of any program to run newly built binaries. | |
365 | This program must preserve the arguments to the binary being run, its | |
8540f6d2 | 366 | working directory and the standard input, output and error file |
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367 | descriptors. If @samp{@var{test-wrapper} env} will not work to run a |
368 | program with environment variables set, then @samp{test-wrapper-env} | |
369 | must be set to a program that runs a newly built program with | |
370 | environment variable assignments in effect, those assignments being | |
371 | specified as @samp{@var{var}=@var{value}} before the name of the | |
372 | program to be run. If multiple assignments to the same variable are | |
373 | specified, the last assignment specified must take precedence. | |
374 | Similarly, if @samp{@var{test-wrapper} env -i} will not work to run a | |
375 | program with an environment completely empty of variables except those | |
376 | directly assigned, then @samp{test-wrapper-env-only} must be set; its | |
377 | use has the same syntax as @samp{test-wrapper-env}, the only | |
378 | difference in its semantics being starting with an empty set of | |
379 | environment variables rather than the ambient set. | |
0eb69512 | 380 | |
2e8048e5 | 381 | |
085320f5 | 382 | @node Running make install |
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383 | @appendixsec Installing the C Library |
384 | @cindex installing | |
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385 | |
386 | To install the library and its header files, and the Info files of the | |
686554bf | 387 | manual, type @code{make install}. This will |
a4d62195 | 388 | build things, if necessary, before installing them; however, you should |
1f77f049 | 389 | still compile everything first. If you are installing @theglibc{} as your |
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390 | primary C library, we recommend that you shut the system down to |
391 | single-user mode first, and reboot afterward. This minimizes the risk | |
392 | of breaking things when the library changes out from underneath. | |
1792d4db | 393 | |
02c4bbad | 394 | @samp{make install} will do the entire job of upgrading from a |
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395 | previous installation of @theglibc{} version 2.x. There may sometimes |
396 | be headers | |
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397 | left behind from the previous installation, but those are generally |
398 | harmless. If you want to avoid leaving headers behind you can do | |
399 | things in the following order. | |
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400 | |
401 | You must first build the library (@samp{make}), optionally check it | |
402 | (@samp{make check}), switch the include directories and then install | |
403 | (@samp{make install}). The steps must be done in this order. Not moving | |
404 | the directory before install will result in an unusable mixture of header | |
405 | files from both libraries, but configuring, building, and checking the | |
406 | library requires the ability to compile and run programs against the old | |
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407 | library. The new @file{/usr/include}, after switching the include |
408 | directories and before installing the library should contain the Linux | |
409 | headers, but nothing else. If you do this, you will need to restore | |
1f77f049 | 410 | any headers from libraries other than @theglibc{} yourself after installing the |
62075f0f | 411 | library. |
c559a3ca | 412 | |
a82a3db9 MS |
413 | You can install @theglibc{} somewhere other than where you configured |
414 | it to go by setting the @code{DESTDIR} GNU standard make variable on | |
415 | the command line for @samp{make install}. The value of this variable | |
416 | is prepended to all the paths for installation. This is useful when | |
417 | setting up a chroot environment or preparing a binary distribution. | |
418 | The directory should be specified with an absolute file name. Installing | |
419 | with the @code{prefix} and @code{exec_prefix} GNU standard make variables | |
420 | set is not supported. | |
1792d4db | 421 | |
1f77f049 | 422 | @Theglibc{} includes a daemon called @code{nscd}, which you |
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423 | may or may not want to run. @code{nscd} caches name service lookups; it |
424 | can dramatically improve performance with NIS+, and may help with DNS as | |
a0edd63e | 425 | well. |
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426 | |
427 | One auxiliary program, @file{/usr/libexec/pt_chown}, is installed setuid | |
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428 | @code{root} if the @samp{--enable-pt_chown} configuration option is used. |
429 | This program is invoked by the @code{grantpt} function; it sets the | |
430 | permissions on a pseudoterminal so it can be used by the calling process. | |
431 | If you are using a Linux kernel with the @code{devpts} filesystem enabled | |
432 | and mounted at @file{/dev/pts}, you don't need this program. | |
3c20b9b6 | 433 | |
d01d6319 | 434 | After installation you might want to configure the timezone and locale |
1f77f049 | 435 | installation of your system. @Theglibc{} comes with a locale |
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436 | database which gets configured with @code{localedef}. For example, to |
437 | set up a German locale with name @code{de_DE}, simply issue the command | |
8fc1e2ca | 438 | @samp{localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE}. To configure all locales |
1f77f049 | 439 | that are supported by @theglibc{}, you can issue from your build directory the |
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440 | command @samp{make localedata/install-locales}. |
441 | ||
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442 | To configure the locally used timezone, set the @code{TZ} environment |
443 | variable. The script @code{tzselect} helps you to select the right value. | |
444 | As an example, for Germany, @code{tzselect} would tell you to use | |
445 | @samp{TZ='Europe/Berlin'}. For a system wide installation (the given | |
446 | paths are for an installation with @samp{--prefix=/usr}), link the | |
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447 | timezone file which is in @file{/usr/share/zoneinfo} to the file |
448 | @file{/etc/localtime}. For Germany, you might execute @samp{ln -s | |
449 | /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Berlin /etc/localtime}. | |
450 | ||
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451 | @node Tools for Compilation |
452 | @appendixsec Recommended Tools for Compilation | |
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453 | @cindex installation tools |
454 | @cindex tools, for installing library | |
455 | ||
456 | We recommend installing the following GNU tools before attempting to | |
1f77f049 | 457 | build @theglibc{}: |
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458 | |
459 | @itemize @bullet | |
460 | @item | |
2bbc70d5 | 461 | GNU @code{make} 3.79 or newer |
3c20b9b6 | 462 | |
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463 | You need the latest version of GNU @code{make}. Modifying @theglibc{} |
464 | to work with other @code{make} programs would be so difficult that | |
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465 | we recommend you port GNU @code{make} instead. @strong{Really.} We |
466 | recommend GNU @code{make} version 3.79. All earlier versions have severe | |
467 | bugs or lack features. | |
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468 | |
469 | @item | |
4add8674 | 470 | GCC 4.9 or newer |
0e7727f7 | 471 | |
4add8674 | 472 | GCC 4.9 or higher is required. In general it is recommended to use |
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473 | the newest version of the compiler that is known to work for building |
474 | @theglibc{}, as newer compilers usually produce better code. As of | |
ae7b8fbd | 475 | release time, GCC 6.3 is the newest compiler verified to work to build |
4863355a | 476 | @theglibc{}. |
91ea72b7 | 477 | |
4efe3ce4 GG |
478 | For PowerPC 64-bits little-endian (powerpc64le), GCC 6.2 or higher is |
479 | required. This compiler version is the first to provide the features | |
480 | required for building @theglibc{} with support for @code{_Float128}. | |
481 | ||
022dfdce SL |
482 | For multi-arch support it is recommended to use a GCC which has been built with |
483 | support for GNU indirect functions. This ensures that correct debugging | |
484 | information is generated for functions selected by IFUNC resolvers. This | |
485 | support can either be enabled by configuring GCC with | |
486 | @samp{--enable-gnu-indirect-function}, or by enabling it by default by setting | |
487 | @samp{default_gnu_indirect_function} variable for a particular architecture in | |
488 | the GCC source file @file{gcc/config.gcc}. | |
489 | ||
1f77f049 JM |
490 | You can use whatever compiler you like to compile programs that use |
491 | @theglibc{}. | |
3c20b9b6 | 492 | |
90d1d40b | 493 | Check the FAQ for any special compiler issues on particular platforms. |
5713a71e | 494 | |
3c20b9b6 | 495 | @item |
bd805071 | 496 | GNU @code{binutils} 2.22 or later |
00c1176b | 497 | |
1f77f049 | 498 | You must use GNU @code{binutils} (as and ld) to build @theglibc{}. |
0c02c85f | 499 | No other assembler or linker has the necessary functionality at the |
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500 | moment. As of release time, GNU @code{binutils} 2.25 is the newest |
501 | verified to work to build @theglibc{}. | |
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502 | |
503 | @item | |
3a12c70f | 504 | GNU @code{texinfo} 4.7 or later |
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505 | |
506 | To correctly translate and install the Texinfo documentation you need | |
507 | this version of the @code{texinfo} package. Earlier versions do not | |
508 | understand all the tags used in the document, and the installation | |
1792d4db | 509 | mechanism for the info files is not present or works differently. |
2c8f75f7 | 510 | As of release time, @code{texinfo} 6.0 is the newest verified to work |
04cb913d | 511 | to build @theglibc{}. |
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512 | |
513 | @item | |
12086fb4 | 514 | GNU @code{awk} 3.1.2, or higher |
00c1176b | 515 | |
12086fb4 RM |
516 | @code{awk} is used in several places to generate files. |
517 | Some @code{gawk} extensions are used, including the @code{asorti} | |
518 | function, which was introduced in version 3.1.2 of @code{gawk}. | |
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519 | As of release time, @code{gawk} version 4.1.3 is the newest verified |
520 | to work to build @theglibc{}. | |
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521 | |
522 | @item | |
523 | Perl 5 | |
524 | ||
525 | Perl is not required, but it is used if present to test the | |
526 | installation. We may decide to use it elsewhere in the future. | |
3c20b9b6 | 527 | |
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528 | @item |
529 | GNU @code{sed} 3.02 or newer | |
530 | ||
a4d62195 | 531 | @code{Sed} is used in several places to generate files. Most scripts work |
2c8f75f7 CD |
532 | with any version of @code{sed}. As of release time, @code{sed} version |
533 | 4.2.2 is the newest verified to work to build @theglibc{}. | |
d66732e0 | 534 | |
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535 | @end itemize |
536 | ||
537 | @noindent | |
cb8a6dbd | 538 | If you change any of the @file{configure.ac} files you will also need |
3c20b9b6 UD |
539 | |
540 | @itemize @bullet | |
541 | @item | |
f3f5d895 | 542 | GNU @code{autoconf} 2.69 (exactly) |
3c20b9b6 UD |
543 | @end itemize |
544 | ||
545 | @noindent | |
546 | and if you change any of the message translation files you will need | |
547 | ||
548 | @itemize @bullet | |
549 | @item | |
c26b4f64 | 550 | GNU @code{gettext} 0.10.36 or later |
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551 | @end itemize |
552 | ||
cc8623f1 WN |
553 | @noindent |
554 | If you wish to regenerate the @code{yacc} parser code in the @file{intl} | |
555 | subdirectory you will need | |
556 | ||
557 | @itemize @bullet | |
558 | @item | |
559 | GNU @code{bison} 2.7 or later | |
560 | @end itemize | |
561 | ||
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562 | @noindent |
563 | You may also need these packages if you upgrade your source tree using | |
564 | patches, although we try to avoid this. | |
565 | ||
1792d4db | 566 | @node Linux |
a7a93d50 | 567 | @appendixsec Specific advice for @gnulinuxsystems{} |
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568 | @cindex kernel header files |
569 | ||
a7a93d50 | 570 | If you are installing @theglibc{} on @gnulinuxsystems{}, you need to have |
5b4ecd3f | 571 | the header files from a 3.2 or newer kernel around for reference. |
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572 | (For the ia64 architecture, you need version 3.2.18 or newer because this |
573 | is the first version with support for the @code{accept4} system call.) | |
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574 | These headers must be installed using @samp{make headers_install}; the |
575 | headers present in the kernel source directory are not suitable for | |
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576 | direct use by @theglibc{}. You do not need to use that kernel, just have |
577 | its headers installed where @theglibc{} can access them, referred to here as | |
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578 | @var{install-directory}. The easiest way to do this is to unpack it |
579 | in a directory such as @file{/usr/src/linux-@var{version}}. In that | |
580 | directory, run @samp{make headers_install | |
1f77f049 | 581 | INSTALL_HDR_PATH=@var{install-directory}}. Finally, configure @theglibc{} |
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582 | with the option @samp{--with-headers=@var{install-directory}/include}. |
583 | Use the most recent kernel you can get your hands on. (If you are | |
1f77f049 | 584 | cross-compiling @theglibc{}, you need to specify |
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585 | @samp{ARCH=@var{architecture}} in the @samp{make headers_install} |
586 | command, where @var{architecture} is the architecture name used by the | |
587 | Linux kernel, such as @samp{x86} or @samp{powerpc}.) | |
a8d87c92 | 588 | |
1f77f049 | 589 | After installing @theglibc{}, you may need to remove or rename |
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590 | directories such as @file{/usr/include/linux} and |
591 | @file{/usr/include/asm}, and replace them with copies of directories | |
592 | such as @file{linux} and @file{asm} from | |
593 | @file{@var{install-directory}/include}. All directories present in | |
594 | @file{@var{install-directory}/include} should be copied, except that | |
1f77f049 | 595 | @theglibc{} provides its own version of @file{/usr/include/scsi}; the |
abd923db | 596 | files provided by the kernel should be copied without replacing those |
1f77f049 | 597 | provided by @theglibc{}. The @file{linux}, @file{asm} and |
abd923db | 598 | @file{asm-generic} directories are required to compile programs using |
1f77f049 | 599 | @theglibc{}; the other directories describe interfaces to the kernel but |
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600 | are not required if not compiling programs using those interfaces. |
601 | You do not need to copy kernel headers if you did not specify an | |
602 | alternate kernel header source using @samp{--with-headers}. | |
1792d4db | 603 | |
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604 | The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard for @gnulinuxsystems{} expects some |
605 | components of the @glibcadj{} installation to be in | |
1792d4db | 606 | @file{/lib} and some in @file{/usr/lib}. This is handled automatically |
1f77f049 | 607 | if you configure @theglibc{} with @samp{--prefix=/usr}. If you set some other |
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608 | prefix or allow it to default to @file{/usr/local}, then all the |
609 | components are installed there. | |
610 | ||
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611 | @node Reporting Bugs |
612 | @appendixsec Reporting Bugs | |
613 | @cindex reporting bugs | |
614 | @cindex bugs, reporting | |
615 | ||
1f77f049 | 616 | There are probably bugs in @theglibc{}. There are certainly |
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617 | errors and omissions in this manual. If you report them, they will get |
618 | fixed. If you don't, no one will ever know about them and they will | |
619 | remain unfixed for all eternity, if not longer. | |
620 | ||
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621 | It is a good idea to verify that the problem has not already been |
622 | reported. Bugs are documented in two places: The file @file{BUGS} | |
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623 | describes a number of well known bugs and the central @glibcadj{} |
624 | bug tracking system has a | |
612fdf25 | 625 | WWW interface at |
c0ed9d7d | 626 | @url{http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/}. The WWW |
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627 | interface gives you access to open and closed reports. A closed report |
628 | normally includes a patch or a hint on solving the problem. | |
612fdf25 | 629 | |
a4d62195 | 630 | To report a bug, first you must find it. With any luck, this will be the |
3c20b9b6 | 631 | hard part. Once you've found a bug, make sure it's really a bug. A |
1f77f049 | 632 | good way to do this is to see if @theglibc{} behaves the same way |
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633 | some other C library does. If so, probably you are wrong and the |
634 | libraries are right (but not necessarily). If not, one of the libraries | |
1f77f049 | 635 | is probably wrong. It might not be @theglibc{}. Many historical |
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636 | Unix C libraries permit things that we don't, such as closing a file |
637 | twice. | |
638 | ||
1f77f049 | 639 | If you think you have found some way in which @theglibc{} does not |
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640 | conform to the ISO and POSIX standards (@pxref{Standards and |
641 | Portability}), that is definitely a bug. Report it! | |
3c20b9b6 UD |
642 | |
643 | Once you're sure you've found a bug, try to narrow it down to the | |
644 | smallest test case that reproduces the problem. In the case of a C | |
645 | library, you really only need to narrow it down to one library | |
646 | function call, if possible. This should not be too difficult. | |
647 | ||
648 | The final step when you have a simple test case is to report the bug. | |
8b748aed | 649 | Do this at @value{REPORT_BUGS_TO}. |
3c20b9b6 UD |
650 | |
651 | If you are not sure how a function should behave, and this manual | |
652 | doesn't tell you, that's a bug in the manual. Report that too! If the | |
653 | function's behavior disagrees with the manual, then either the library | |
654 | or the manual has a bug, so report the disagreement. If you find any | |
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655 | errors or omissions in this manual, please report them to the |
656 | bug database. If you refer to specific | |
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657 | sections of the manual, please include the section names for easier |
658 | identification. |