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53751fd5 | 1 | # <pre> |
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2 | # @(#)antarctica 8.5 |
3 | # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of | |
4 | # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. | |
28f540f4 | 5 | |
0af4c646 | 6 | # From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15): |
b9f1792a | 7 | # To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see |
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8 | # <a href="http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/"> |
9 | # COMNAP - Stations and Bases | |
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10 | # </a> |
11 | # and | |
12 | # <a href="http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm"> | |
b9f1792a | 13 | # Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23) |
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14 | # </a> |
15 | # for information. | |
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16 | # Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information. |
17 | # | |
1ef32c3d | 18 | # Except for the French entries, |
569c558c | 19 | # I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome! |
328c5f65 UD |
20 | # FORMAT is `zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited. |
21 | ||
22 | # These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. | |
23 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
24 | Rule RussAQ 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S | |
25 | Rule RussAQ 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - | |
26 | Rule RussAQ 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
27 | Rule RussAQ 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S | |
28 | Rule RussAQ 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S | |
29 | Rule RussAQ 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - | |
30 | Rule RussAQ 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S | |
31 | Rule RussAQ 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
32 | Rule RussAQ 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
28f540f4 | 33 | |
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34 | # These rules are stolen from the `southamerica' file. |
35 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
36 | Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - | |
37 | Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S | |
11bf311e UD |
38 | Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 - |
39 | Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S | |
40 | Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 - | |
8a523922 UD |
41 | Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S |
42 | Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 - | |
11bf311e UD |
43 | Rule ChileAQ 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - |
44 | Rule ChileAQ 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S | |
45 | Rule ChileAQ 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 - | |
46 | Rule ChileAQ 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - | |
47 | Rule ChileAQ 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S | |
48 | Rule ChileAQ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S | |
49 | Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 - | |
50 | Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S | |
51 | Rule ChileAQ 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - | |
52 | Rule ChileAQ 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S | |
53 | Rule ChileAQ 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - | |
54 | Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - | |
55 | Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S | |
56 | Rule ChileAQ 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 - | |
57 | Rule ChileAQ 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S | |
58 | Rule ChileAQ 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - | |
8a523922 | 59 | |
28f540f4 | 60 | |
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61 | # Argentina - year-round bases |
62 | # Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05 | |
63 | # Esperanza, San Martin Land, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17 | |
64 | # Jubany, Potter Peninsula, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01 | |
65 | # Marambio, Seymour I, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29 | |
66 | # Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22 | |
67 | # San Martin, Debenham I, -6807-06708, since 1951-03-21 | |
68 | # (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21) | |
28f540f4 | 69 | |
569c558c | 70 | # Australia - territories |
5929563f | 71 | # Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited) |
b9f1792a | 72 | # previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered |
53751fd5 | 73 | # <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html"> |
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74 | # Margaret Turner reports |
75 | # </a> (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST; | |
76 | # presumably this is when they have visitors. | |
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77 | # |
78 | # year-round bases | |
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79 | # Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969 |
80 | # Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13 | |
81 | # (except 1964-11 - 1969-02) | |
82 | # Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13 | |
569c558c | 83 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
328c5f65 | 84 | Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - zzz 1969 |
569c558c | 85 | 8:00 - WST # Western (Aus) Standard Time |
328c5f65 | 86 | Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 13 |
f962d792 | 87 | 7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time |
328c5f65 | 88 | 0 - zzz 1969 Feb |
f962d792 | 89 | 7:00 - DAVT |
328c5f65 | 90 | Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13 |
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91 | 6:00 - MAWT # Mawson Time |
92 | # References: | |
74015205 | 93 | # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html"> |
ae828bc6 | 94 | # Casey Weather (1998-02-26) |
74015205 | 95 | # </a> |
f962d792 UD |
96 | # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html"> |
97 | # Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26) | |
98 | # </a> | |
74015205 | 99 | # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html"> |
ae828bc6 | 100 | # Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25) |
74015205 | 101 | # </a> |
72d8cdf0 | 102 | |
569c558c | 103 | # Brazil - year-round base |
7a50b1f6 | 104 | # Comandante Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4 |
72d8cdf0 | 105 | |
289ac9dd | 106 | # Chile - year-round bases and towns |
0af4c646 | 107 | # Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994 |
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108 | # Presidente Eduadro Frei, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07 |
109 | # General Bernardo O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02 | |
110 | # Capitan Arturo Prat, -6230-05941 | |
111 | # Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09 | |
289ac9dd | 112 | # These locations have always used Santiago time; use TZ='America/Santiago'. |
72d8cdf0 | 113 | |
569c558c | 114 | # China - year-round bases |
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115 | # Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20 |
116 | # Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26 | |
569c558c | 117 | |
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118 | # France - year-round bases |
119 | # | |
53751fd5 | 120 | # From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20): |
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121 | # Time data are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP |
122 | # (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology). | |
123 | # She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adelie bases | |
124 | # don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adelie supplies came | |
125 | # from Tasmania. | |
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126 | # |
127 | # French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants | |
569c558c | 128 | # |
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129 | # Martin-de-Vivies Base, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950 |
130 | # Alfred-Faure Base, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964 | |
5929563f | 131 | # Port-aux-Francais, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951; |
b9f1792a | 132 | # whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956 |
1ef32c3d | 133 | # |
b9f1792a AS |
134 | # St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited |
135 | # fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931 | |
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136 | # |
137 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
328c5f65 | 138 | Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - zzz 1950 # Port-aux-Francais |
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139 | 5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time |
140 | # | |
141 | # year-round base in the main continent | |
0af4c646 | 142 | # Dumont-d'Urville, Ile des Petrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11 |
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143 | # |
144 | # Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947. | |
145 | # It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14. | |
146 | # | |
147 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
328c5f65 | 148 | Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - zzz 1947 |
1ef32c3d | 149 | 10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time |
328c5f65 | 150 | 0 - zzz 1956 Nov |
1ef32c3d UD |
151 | 10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time |
152 | # Reference: | |
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153 | # <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station"> |
154 | # Dumont d'Urville Station (2005-12-05) | |
74015205 | 155 | # </a> |
1ef32c3d | 156 | |
569c558c | 157 | # Germany - year-round base |
7a50b1f6 | 158 | # Georg von Neumayer, -7039-00815 |
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159 | |
160 | # India - year-round base | |
7a50b1f6 | 161 | # Dakshin Gangotri, -7005+01200 |
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162 | |
163 | # Japan - year-round bases | |
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164 | # Dome Fuji, -7719+03942 |
165 | # Syowa, -690022+0393524 | |
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166 | # |
167 | # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06): | |
53751fd5 | 168 | # In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time. |
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169 | # |
170 | # Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan, | |
171 | # was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main | |
172 | # station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location. | |
173 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
328c5f65 | 174 | Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29 |
b9f1792a AS |
175 | 3:00 - SYOT # Syowa Time |
176 | # See: | |
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177 | # <a href="http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html"> |
178 | # NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17) | |
b9f1792a | 179 | # </a> |
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180 | |
181 | # S Korea - year-round base | |
7a50b1f6 | 182 | # King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988 |
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183 | |
184 | # New Zealand - claims | |
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185 | # Balleny Islands (never inhabited) |
186 | # Scott Island (never inhabited) | |
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187 | # |
188 | # year-round base | |
189 | # Scott, Ross Island, since 1957-01, is like Antarctica/McMurdo. | |
190 | # | |
191 | # These rules for New Zealand are stolen from the `australasia' file. | |
192 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
193 | Rule NZAQ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D | |
194 | Rule NZAQ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D | |
195 | Rule NZAQ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D | |
d10737e4 | 196 | Rule NZAQ 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D |
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197 | Rule NZAQ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S |
198 | Rule NZAQ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S | |
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199 | Rule NZAQ 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S |
200 | Rule NZAQ 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D | |
201 | Rule NZAQ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S | |
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202 | |
203 | # Norway - territories | |
5929563f | 204 | # Bouvet (never inhabited) |
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205 | # |
206 | # claims | |
5929563f | 207 | # Peter I Island (never inhabited) |
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208 | |
209 | # Poland - year-round base | |
0af4c646 | 210 | # Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977 |
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211 | |
212 | # Russia - year-round bases | |
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213 | # Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22 |
214 | # Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02 | |
7a50b1f6 UD |
215 | # Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551, |
216 | # year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01 | |
99ee5970 UD |
217 | # Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150, |
218 | # year-round from 1960/61 to 1992 | |
328c5f65 | 219 | |
99ee5970 | 220 | # Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11 |
328c5f65 UD |
221 | # <a href="http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP"> |
222 | # From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15)</a>: | |
223 | # Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same | |
224 | # time as Moscow, Russia. | |
225 | # | |
99ee5970 UD |
226 | # From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08): |
227 | # I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is | |
228 | # what they had to say about time there: | |
229 | # ``in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo) | |
230 | # time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was | |
231 | # 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead | |
232 | # of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The | |
233 | # natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT.'' | |
328c5f65 | 234 | # |
289ac9dd UD |
235 | # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04): |
236 | # This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it | |
237 | # in person. He said that some Antartic locations set their local | |
238 | # time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this | |
239 | # changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean | |
240 | # solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks | |
241 | # happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time | |
242 | # it is at Vostok. But we'll guess UTC+6. | |
243 | # | |
328c5f65 | 244 | Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16 |
99ee5970 | 245 | 6:00 - VOST # Vostok time |
569c558c UD |
246 | |
247 | # S Africa - year-round bases | |
7a50b1f6 UD |
248 | # Marion Island, -4653+03752 |
249 | # Sanae, -7141-00250 | |
569c558c UD |
250 | |
251 | # UK | |
252 | # | |
253 | # British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims | |
254 | # South Orkney Islands | |
5929563f | 255 | # scientific station from 1903 |
b9f1792a | 256 | # whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926 |
569c558c UD |
257 | # South Shetland Islands |
258 | # | |
259 | # year-round bases | |
0af4c646 | 260 | # Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983 |
99ee5970 UD |
261 | # Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931, |
262 | # scientific station 1943/1967, | |
263 | # previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident, | |
264 | # and a garrison was deployed briefly | |
265 | # Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06 | |
266 | # Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated | |
267 | # so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location. | |
569c558c | 268 | # Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01 |
c6289757 UD |
269 | # |
270 | # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22) | |
271 | # <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year. | |
272 | # | |
273 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
274 | Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - zzz 1976 Dec 1 | |
275 | -3:00 - ROTT # Rothera time | |
569c558c UD |
276 | |
277 | # Uruguay - year round base | |
bfaf0bbb | 278 | # Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107 |
569c558c UD |
279 | |
280 | # USA - year-round bases | |
281 | # | |
8a523922 UD |
282 | # Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968) |
283 | # | |
6c49b464 | 284 | # From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06): |
8a523922 UD |
285 | # It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us |
286 | # and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line.... | |
287 | # I verified with someone who was there that since 1980, | |
288 | # Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War, | |
289 | # Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina. | |
290 | # | |
291 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
328c5f65 | 292 | Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - zzz 1965 |
8a523922 UD |
293 | -4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 |
294 | -3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May | |
295 | -4:00 ChileAQ CL%sT | |
296 | # | |
569c558c | 297 | # |
99ee5970 | 298 | # McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1955-12 |
569c558c | 299 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
328c5f65 | 300 | Zone Antarctica/McMurdo 0 - zzz 1956 |
569c558c UD |
301 | 12:00 NZAQ NZ%sT |
302 | # | |
99ee5970 UD |
303 | # Amundsen-Scott, South Pole, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20 |
304 | # | |
569c558c UD |
305 | # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): |
306 | # Normally it wouldn't have a separate entry, since it's like the | |
307 | # larger Antarctica/McMurdo since 1970, but it's too famous to omit. | |
308 | # | |
53751fd5 | 309 | # From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27): |
569c558c UD |
310 | # Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station, |
311 | # stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station, | |
312 | # but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12 | |
313 | # as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound, | |
314 | # which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year | |
315 | # at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 degrees SOUTH.) | |
316 | # | |
74015205 | 317 | # From Susan Smith |
ae828bc6 UD |
318 | # http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html |
319 | # (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available): | |
74015205 | 320 | # We use the same time as McMurdo does. |
569c558c UD |
321 | # And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does.... |
322 | # One last quirk about South Pole time. | |
323 | # All the electric clocks are usually wrong. | |
324 | # Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something | |
325 | # makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days, | |
326 | # we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so. | |
327 | # Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!! | |
328 | # | |
329 | Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole |