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53751fd5 1# <pre>
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2# @(#)antarctica 8.5
3# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
4# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
28f540f4 5
0af4c646 6# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15):
b9f1792a 7# To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see
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8# <a href="http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/">
9# COMNAP - Stations and Bases
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10# </a>
11# and
12# <a href="http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm">
b9f1792a 13# Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23)
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14# </a>
15# for information.
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16# Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information.
17#
1ef32c3d 18# Except for the French entries,
569c558c 19# I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome!
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20# FORMAT is `zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
21
22# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
23# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
24Rule RussAQ 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
25Rule RussAQ 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
26Rule RussAQ 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
27Rule RussAQ 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
28Rule RussAQ 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
29Rule RussAQ 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
30Rule RussAQ 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
31Rule RussAQ 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
32Rule RussAQ 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
28f540f4 33
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34# These rules are stolen from the `southamerica' file.
35# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
36Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
37Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
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38Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 -
39Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
40Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
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41Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
42Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
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43Rule ChileAQ 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
44Rule ChileAQ 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
45Rule ChileAQ 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 -
46Rule ChileAQ 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
47Rule ChileAQ 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S
48Rule ChileAQ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
49Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 -
50Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S
51Rule ChileAQ 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
52Rule ChileAQ 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
53Rule ChileAQ 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
54Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
55Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
56Rule ChileAQ 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
57Rule ChileAQ 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
58Rule ChileAQ 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
8a523922 59
28f540f4 60
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61# Argentina - year-round bases
62# Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05
63# Esperanza, San Martin Land, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17
64# Jubany, Potter Peninsula, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01
65# Marambio, Seymour I, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29
66# Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22
67# San Martin, Debenham I, -6807-06708, since 1951-03-21
68# (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21)
28f540f4 69
569c558c 70# Australia - territories
5929563f 71# Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited)
b9f1792a 72# previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered
53751fd5 73# <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html">
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74# Margaret Turner reports
75# </a> (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST;
76# presumably this is when they have visitors.
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77#
78# year-round bases
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79# Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969
80# Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13
81# (except 1964-11 - 1969-02)
82# Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13
569c558c 83# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
328c5f65 84Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - zzz 1969
569c558c 85 8:00 - WST # Western (Aus) Standard Time
328c5f65 86Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 13
f962d792 87 7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time
328c5f65 88 0 - zzz 1969 Feb
f962d792 89 7:00 - DAVT
328c5f65 90Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13
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91 6:00 - MAWT # Mawson Time
92# References:
74015205 93# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html">
ae828bc6 94# Casey Weather (1998-02-26)
74015205 95# </a>
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96# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html">
97# Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26)
98# </a>
74015205 99# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html">
ae828bc6 100# Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25)
74015205 101# </a>
72d8cdf0 102
569c558c 103# Brazil - year-round base
7a50b1f6 104# Comandante Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4
72d8cdf0 105
289ac9dd 106# Chile - year-round bases and towns
0af4c646 107# Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994
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108# Presidente Eduadro Frei, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07
109# General Bernardo O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02
110# Capitan Arturo Prat, -6230-05941
111# Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09
289ac9dd 112# These locations have always used Santiago time; use TZ='America/Santiago'.
72d8cdf0 113
569c558c 114# China - year-round bases
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115# Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20
116# Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26
569c558c 117
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118# France - year-round bases
119#
53751fd5 120# From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20):
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121# Time data are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP
122# (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology).
123# She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adelie bases
124# don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adelie supplies came
125# from Tasmania.
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126#
127# French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants
569c558c 128#
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129# Martin-de-Vivies Base, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950
130# Alfred-Faure Base, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964
5929563f 131# Port-aux-Francais, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951;
b9f1792a 132# whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956
1ef32c3d 133#
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134# St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
135# fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
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136#
137# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
328c5f65 138Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - zzz 1950 # Port-aux-Francais
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139 5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time
140#
141# year-round base in the main continent
0af4c646 142# Dumont-d'Urville, Ile des Petrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
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143#
144# Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
145# It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
146#
147# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
328c5f65 148Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - zzz 1947
1ef32c3d 149 10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time
328c5f65 150 0 - zzz 1956 Nov
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151 10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time
152# Reference:
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153# <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station">
154# Dumont d'Urville Station (2005-12-05)
74015205 155# </a>
1ef32c3d 156
569c558c 157# Germany - year-round base
7a50b1f6 158# Georg von Neumayer, -7039-00815
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159
160# India - year-round base
7a50b1f6 161# Dakshin Gangotri, -7005+01200
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162
163# Japan - year-round bases
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164# Dome Fuji, -7719+03942
165# Syowa, -690022+0393524
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166#
167# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06):
53751fd5 168# In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time.
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169#
170# Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
171# was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main
172# station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
173# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
328c5f65 174Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29
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175 3:00 - SYOT # Syowa Time
176# See:
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177# <a href="http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html">
178# NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17)
b9f1792a 179# </a>
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180
181# S Korea - year-round base
7a50b1f6 182# King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988
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183
184# New Zealand - claims
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185# Balleny Islands (never inhabited)
186# Scott Island (never inhabited)
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187#
188# year-round base
189# Scott, Ross Island, since 1957-01, is like Antarctica/McMurdo.
190#
191# These rules for New Zealand are stolen from the `australasia' file.
192# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
193Rule NZAQ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D
194Rule NZAQ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
195Rule NZAQ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D
d10737e4 196Rule NZAQ 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
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197Rule NZAQ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S
198Rule NZAQ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
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199Rule NZAQ 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
200Rule NZAQ 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
201Rule NZAQ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
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202
203# Norway - territories
5929563f 204# Bouvet (never inhabited)
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205#
206# claims
5929563f 207# Peter I Island (never inhabited)
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208
209# Poland - year-round base
0af4c646 210# Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977
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211
212# Russia - year-round bases
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213# Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22
214# Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02
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215# Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551,
216# year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01
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217# Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150,
218# year-round from 1960/61 to 1992
328c5f65 219
99ee5970 220# Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11
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221# <a href="http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP">
222# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15)</a>:
223# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same
224# time as Moscow, Russia.
225#
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226# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08):
227# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is
228# what they had to say about time there:
229# ``in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
230# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was
231# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead
232# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The
233# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT.''
328c5f65 234#
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235# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
236# This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it
237# in person. He said that some Antartic locations set their local
238# time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this
239# changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean
240# solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks
241# happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time
242# it is at Vostok. But we'll guess UTC+6.
243#
328c5f65 244Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16
99ee5970 245 6:00 - VOST # Vostok time
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246
247# S Africa - year-round bases
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248# Marion Island, -4653+03752
249# Sanae, -7141-00250
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250
251# UK
252#
253# British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims
254# South Orkney Islands
5929563f 255# scientific station from 1903
b9f1792a 256# whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926
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257# South Shetland Islands
258#
259# year-round bases
0af4c646 260# Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983
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261# Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931,
262# scientific station 1943/1967,
263# previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident,
264# and a garrison was deployed briefly
265# Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06
266# Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated
267# so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location.
569c558c 268# Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01
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269#
270# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22)
271# <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year.
272#
273# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
274Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - zzz 1976 Dec 1
275 -3:00 - ROTT # Rothera time
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276
277# Uruguay - year round base
bfaf0bbb 278# Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107
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279
280# USA - year-round bases
281#
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282# Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)
283#
6c49b464 284# From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06):
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285# It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us
286# and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line....
287# I verified with someone who was there that since 1980,
288# Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War,
289# Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.
290#
291# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
328c5f65 292Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - zzz 1965
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293 -4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
294 -3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May
295 -4:00 ChileAQ CL%sT
296#
569c558c 297#
99ee5970 298# McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1955-12
569c558c 299# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
328c5f65 300Zone Antarctica/McMurdo 0 - zzz 1956
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301 12:00 NZAQ NZ%sT
302#
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303# Amundsen-Scott, South Pole, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20
304#
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305# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
306# Normally it wouldn't have a separate entry, since it's like the
307# larger Antarctica/McMurdo since 1970, but it's too famous to omit.
308#
53751fd5 309# From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27):
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310# Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station,
311# stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station,
312# but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12
313# as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound,
314# which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year
315# at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 degrees SOUTH.)
316#
74015205 317# From Susan Smith
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318# http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html
319# (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available):
74015205 320# We use the same time as McMurdo does.
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321# And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does....
322# One last quirk about South Pole time.
323# All the electric clocks are usually wrong.
324# Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something
325# makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days,
326# we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so.
327# Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!!
328#
329Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole