1 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.00 ====================
8 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9 been incorporated in changes in this release:
11 Alberto Bertogli <albertogli@telpin.com.ar>
12 Anand Kumria <wildfire@progsoc.org>
13 Andrey Kiselev <dron@ak4719.spb.edu>
14 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
15 Chris Green <cmg@dok.org>
16 Branden Robinson <branden@debian.org>
17 Emmanuel Colbus <emmanuel.colbus@ensimag.imag.fr>
18 Enrico Zini <enrico@debian.org>
19 Eric Estievenart <eric.estievenart@free.fr>
20 Fabian Kreutz <kreutz@dbs.uni-hannover.de>
21 Florian Weimer <fw@deneb.enyo.de>
22 Jan Kuznik <kuznik@gepro.cz>
23 Joey (Martin) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
24 Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.de>
25 John V. Belmonte <jbelmonte@debian.org>
26 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
27 Luis Javier Merino Morán <ljmerino@pandasoftware.es>
28 Martin Pool <mbp@sourcefrog.net>
29 Richard Kreckel <Richard.Kreckel@ginac.de>
30 Vasya Pupkin <ptushnik@gmail.com>
32 Apologies if I missed anyone!
39 Many math pages had their synopses compressed, as per suggestion
44 Many minor content and formatting bug fixes were made to the math
45 pages, following suggestions from Fabian Kreutz (who recently
46 translated many of the 1.70 math pages into German) and
51 For consistency, all instances of "super-user" were changed
52 to the more common "superuser".
56 After a note from Vasya Pupkin, I added <errno.h> to the SYNOPSIS
57 of several Section 2 pages using the _syscallN() macros.
60 -- erroneous semicolons at the end of _syscallN() were removed
63 -- types such as "uint" in syscallN() declarations were changed
64 to "unsigned int", etc.
66 -- various other minor breakages in the synopses were fixed.
68 The affected pages are:
82 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
85 Changes to individual pages
86 ---------------------------
90 Added 'const' to declaration of 'my_addr' in prototype.
91 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=239762.
95 Added O_NOATIME to list of flags that can be changed via F_SETFL.
97 Noted F_GETOWN bug after suggestion from aeb.
99 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=108380640603164&w=2
103 Material on getrusage.2 has been separated out into its own page.
104 Rewrote discussion on RLIMIT_MEMLOCK to incorporate kernel
106 Added note on RLIMIT_CPU error in older kernels.
107 Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING.
108 Also made a few other minor changes.
112 This page is new(ish) -- it was created by splitting
115 Repaired note on SIGCHLD behavior to note that the
116 POSIX non-conformance has been fixed in 2.6.9.
119 Modified after suggestion from Emmanuel Colbus
120 Changed wording of sentence under NOTES describing
121 when signals can be sent to init(1).
127 These have been consolidated into a single mlock.2 page.
128 In the process, much duplication was eliminated
129 and new information was added about RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
130 and the changes in memory locking in kernel 2.6.9,
134 Added cross-ref to setrlimit(2) concerning memory locking limits.
136 Note that MAP_FIXED replaces existing mappings
140 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
141 Added msqid_ds and ipc_perm structure definitions.
145 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
146 Added notes on /proc files.
150 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
151 Added notes on /proc files.
155 Added O_NOATIME (new in Linux 2.6.8)
157 Reordered list of 'flags' description alphabetically
160 2004-11-03 applied patch from Martin Schulze
164 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
166 Added semid_ds and ipc_perm structure definitions.
170 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
171 Added notes on /proc files.
172 Rewrote BUGS note about semget()'s failure to initialize
177 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
178 Added notes on /proc files.
182 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
183 Updated shmid_ds structure definitions.
184 Added information on SHM_DEST and SHM_LOCKED flags.
185 Noted that CAP_IPC_LOCK is not required for SHM_UNLOCK
187 Added notes on 2.6.9 RLIMIT_MEMLOCK changes.
188 Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING (new in Linux 2.6.8)
192 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
193 Added notes on /proc files.
197 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
198 Changed wording and placement of sentence regarding attachment
199 of segments marked for destruction.
203 Added mention of SIGCONT under SA_NOCLDSTOP.
205 Updated discussion for POSIX.1-2001 and SIGCHLD and sa_flags.
206 Noted that CLD_CONTINUED is supported since Linux 2.6.9.
207 Added SI_TKILL (new in Linux 2.4.19).
212 Removed text on ignoring SIGCHLD; replaced with pointer
216 After bug report from Andrey Kiselev
217 Fixed prototype: "timeout" --> "*timeout"
218 as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=222145
222 Added text to clarify that S_IS*() macros should be applied to
224 as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=249698
227 After Debian bug report from Anand Kumria
228 Added "no swap space signature" to EINVAL error.
230 Added EINVAL error for swapoff() ("not currently a swap area").
231 Added EBUSY error for swapon().
232 A few formatting fixes.
236 In Linux 2.6, the return value of times changed; it is no
237 longer time since boot, but rather:
239 boot_time + 2^32 / HZ - 300
241 Repaired note on SIGCHLD behavior to note that the
242 POSIX non-conformance has been fixed in 2.6.9.
243 Some formatting fixes.
246 After bug report from Johannes Berg
251 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=220741
256 Added WCONTINUED and WIFCONTINUED (new in 2.6.10).
257 Added text on SA_NOCLDSTOP.
258 Updated discussion of SA_NOCLDWAIT to reflect 2.6 behavior.
259 Much other text rewritten.
263 Rewrote this page, removing much duplicated information,
264 and replacing with pointers to wait.2.
265 Luis Javier Merino Morán / mtk
266 CONFORMING TO said "SVr4, POSIX". Changed to "4.3BSD"
273 After bug report from Branden Robinson
274 The assert() failure message goes to stderr not stdout.
275 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=284814
279 Noted that 0 in tm_mday is interpreted to mean the last day
280 of the preceding month.
283 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=229618
284 getnameinfo() does not set errno, it returns a non-zero
285 value indicating the error.
287 added EAI_OVERFLOW error
291 Minor changes to SEE ALSO and CONFORMING TO.
295 New page by Andries Brouwer
299 Change "NULL" to "empty" when talking about the value of TZ.
300 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=601
303 After bug report from Jan Kuznik
304 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=205736
305 Fixed bad realloc() use in snprintf() example
309 Added discussion of resolved_path == NULL.
312 After bug report from John V. Belmonte
313 Updated init and quit scripts to reflect kernel 2.4/2.6 reality
314 (Scripts taken from drivers/char/random.c)
315 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=247779
319 Updated description of /proc/loadavg to include
320 nr_running(), nr_threads, last_pid.
322 rtsig-max and rtsig-nr went away in 2.6.8
324 updated statm, and fixed error in order of list
327 applied patch from Martin Schulze
331 Added O_NOATIME for CAP_FOWNER
334 Karel Kulhavy and AEB
335 Formatting fix after note from Karel Kulhavy and AEB, plus a
340 /proc/sys/kernel/rtsig-* were superseded by RLIMIT_SIGPENDING
345 Updated details of interaction of TCP_CORK and TCP_NODELAY.
347 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.01 ====================
354 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
355 been incorporated in changes in this release:
357 Carsten Hey <c.hey@web.de>
358 Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.de>
359 Joshua Kwan <joshk@triplehelix.org>
360 Marek Habersack <grendel@debian.org>
361 Martin Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
362 Matthew Dempsky <jivera@flame.org>
363 Matthew Gregan <kinetik@orcon.net.nz>
364 Pedro Zorzenon Neto <pzn@terra.com.br>
365 Tony Crawford <tony@klosterdorf.de>
367 Apologies if I missed anyone!
384 triggered by http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=283179
385 The wording describing how errno is set was fixed up in these pages.
387 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
390 Changes to individual pages
391 ---------------------------
395 Adjusted descriptions of argument file types to be closer to
397 Wording and formatting changes.
402 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=270817
403 Formulae on the pages should be T = S / C not T = C / S.
407 Removed errno declaration from prototype, added notes
408 on historical need for this declaration.
409 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=174175
412 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=224953
413 Changed erroneous "aio_return(2)" to "aio_return(3)".
421 Added description of ptsname_r().
426 New link to ptsname.3.
430 add <fcntl.h> to synopsis
431 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=271243
438 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=234443
442 Added _GNU_SOURCE to prototype
443 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=213538
447 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=276248
449 Changed range for "%S" from 0..61 to 0..60.
451 SUSv3 says 0..60. I think the manual page probably says
452 0..61, because that's what SUSv2 said.
453 (Some other implementations' man pages also say 0..61 --
454 e.g., Solaris 8 & 9, Tru64 5.1B; FreeBSD 5.1 says 0..60.)
456 The glibc manual currently says 0..60.
458 Given that SUSv3 says 0..60, I've changed the
459 manual page to also say this:
461 -The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 61).
462 +The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 60).
463 +(The range is up to 60 to allow for occasional leap seconds.)
467 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=226974
468 -.BR POSIX2_FORT_RUN " - " _SC_2_FORT_DEV
469 +.BR POSIX2_FORT_DEV " - " _SC_2_FORT_DEV
473 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=242638
474 Noted use of _XOPEN_SOURCE to get macros from <stdlib.h>
478 Changed name of argument from 'string' to 'command' (like POSIX).
480 Noted that glibc does nowadays explicitly check for the existence
481 of the shell if 'command' is NULL, rather than the older behavior
482 of assuming the shell exists and always returning 1 if
485 Other wording and formatting clean-ups.
488 Remove some functions names that *are* documented.
491 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.02 ====================
498 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
499 been incorporated in changes in this release:
501 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
502 Branden Robinson <branden@debian.org>
503 Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
504 David Lloyd <dmlloyd@tds.net>
505 Gordon Jin <gordon.jin@intel.com>
506 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.cs.tut.fi>
507 Jamie Lokier <jamie@shareable.org>
509 Kai Makisara <Kai.Makisara@kolumbus.fi>
510 Marko Kohtala <marko.kohtala@gmail.com>
511 Martin Pool <mbp@sourcefrog.net>
512 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
513 Matthias Lang <matthias@corelatus.se>
514 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
515 Michael Mühlebach <michael@anduin.ch>
516 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
517 Sasa Stevanovic <mg94c18@alas.matf.bg.ac.yu>
518 Serguei Leontiev <leo@sai.msu.ru>
520 Apologies if I missed anyone!
529 Martin (Joey) Schulze
530 Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent newctime(3).
531 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=236884
533 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
536 Changes to individual pages
537 ---------------------------
541 Noted the PID caching behavior of NPTL's getpid()
544 Added futex(2), set_thread_area(2), set_tid_address(2),
545 tkill(2) under SEE ALSO.
550 Improved various error descriptions.
553 David Lloyd / Mike Frysinger, Marko Kohtala
554 Added EINTR to errors.
558 Improved discussion of F_SETOWN and F_SETSIG with respect to
559 multi-threaded programs.
560 Generally cleaned up the discussion of F_SETOWN.
562 Updated CONFORMING TO to note that F_GETOWN and F_SETOWN are
567 Noted discrepancy between Linux and POSIX.1 when oldpath
569 See: http://bugs.linuxbase.org/show_bug.cgi?id=367
570 and: http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mailarchives/ag/msg08152.html
573 Clarified EXDEV error description: it isn't possible to link
574 across mount points, even if the mount points refer to the same
578 mtk, after note from Gordon Jin
582 As per message from Serguei Leontiev
583 Removed SVr2, AT&T, and BSD from CONFORMING TO, since
584 a pipe on those systems is actually bidirectional.
585 (Pipes are implemented as STREAMS on the former, and
586 sockets on the latter.)
590 Noted kernel version where posix_fadvise() appeared and
591 noted bug in handling of 'len' in kernels < 2.6.6.
595 Clarified EXDEV error description: it isn't possible to rename
596 a file across mount points, even if the mount points refer to
597 the same file system.
601 Noted kernel version numbers for semtimedop().
605 Noted MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES ceiling.
606 Added note about treatment of out-of-range tv_usec values.
609 Johan Walles, Martin (Joey) Schulze
610 Added sigqueue.2 to SEE ALSO.
614 Added notes on non-standard behavior: Linux allows 'buf' to
615 be NULL, but POSIX.1 doesn't specify this and it's non-portable.
619 Improved DESCRIPTION; clarified distinction between
624 bcopy() handles overlapping case, but memcpy() does not,
625 so for consistency memmove() should be also mentioned.
628 Martin (Joey) Schulze
629 New link to man3/getmntent.3.
632 Small wording change after suggestion from Sasa Stevanovic.
636 Created as link to strstr.3.
640 Noted that SUSv2 allowed a range of 00 to 61 for %S specifier.
644 Added description of strcasestr().
648 Improved description of read from /dev/urandom.
658 Mention the .URL macro more verbosely.
661 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.03 ====================
668 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
669 been incorporated in changes in this release:
671 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
672 Joey (Martin) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
673 Johannes Nicolai <johannes.nicolai@hpi.uni-potsdam.de>
674 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
675 Klaus Ethgen <Klaus@Ethgen.de>
676 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
677 Ross Boylan <RossBoylan@stanfordalumni.org>
678 Vincent Fourmond <vincent.fourmond@9online.fr>
680 Apologies if I missed anyone!
691 Change `ttys(4)' to `ttyS(4)'.
693 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
696 Changes to individual pages
697 ---------------------------
701 Substantially enhanced discussion of CLONE_THREAD.
703 Added CLONE_SYSVSEM, CLONE_UNTRACED, CLONE_STOPPED.
709 Noted effect of ptracing when execing a set-UID program.
712 Johannes Nicolai / mtk
713 Noted F_SETOWN bug for socket file descriptor in Linux 2.4
716 Added text on permissions required to send signal to owner.
720 Noted that lock conversions are not atomic.
724 ru_nswap has never contained useful information.
725 Kernel 2.6.6 clarified that with a patch
726 ("[PATCH] eliminate nswap and cnswap"). See also:
727 http://www.ussg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0404.1/0720.html
731 Clarified wording of the 'pid == -1' case.
735 Added MNT_EXPIRE, plus a few other tidy-ups.
739 Added text to note that sched_setaffinity() will migrate the
740 affected process to one of the specified CPUs if necessary.
742 Added a NOTE to point out that the affinity mask is actually a
743 per-thread attribute that can be adjusted independently for
744 each thread in a thread group.
748 Noted aberrant Linux behavior with respect to new attaches to a
749 segment that has already been marked for deletion.
751 Noted changes in permissions required for SHM_LOCK/SHM_UNLOCK.
755 Noted that the __W* flags can't be used with waitid().
759 Added _CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION and _CS_GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION.
762 Ross Boylan / Martin Schulze
763 various changes as per
764 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=304242
768 Minor changes to discussion of /proc/PID/stat signal fields.
769 Added 'rt_priority' and 'policy' to /proc/PID/stat.
773 1,$s/inherited/inheritable/g
776 Vincent Fourmond / Joey (Martin) Schulze
777 Removed discussion of `[[:<:]]' and `[[:>:]]' since they do
778 not seem to be in the glibc implementation.
779 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=295666
782 Joey (Martin) Schulze / Klaus Ethgen
783 The default zoneinfo directory is now /usr/share/zoneinfo.
784 (was: /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo)
785 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=267471
788 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.04 ====================
795 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
796 been incorporated in changes in this release:
798 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
799 Baurjan Ismagulov <ibr@ata.cs.hun.edu.tr>
800 Dave Love <d.love@dl.ac.uk>
801 Dieter Brueggemann <dieter.brueggemann@entitec.de>
802 Geoff Clare <gclare@gclare.org.uk>
803 Guido Trotter <ultrotter@debian.org>
804 kabloom <kabloom@ucdavis.edu>
805 Kevin Ryde <user42@zip.com.au>
806 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
807 Mike Furr <mfurr@debian.org>
808 Olivier Croquette <ocroquette@free.fr>
809 Olivier Guilyardi <ylf@xung.org>
810 Peter Cordes <peter@llama.nslug.ns.ca>
811 Philipp Spitzer <philipp@toastfreeware.priv.at>
812 Tanaka Akira <akr@m17n.org>
813 Thierry Excoffier <exco@bat710.univ-lyon1.fr>
814 Thomas Hood <jdthood@yahoo.co.uk>
815 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.org>
816 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
818 Apologies if I missed anyone!
825 For consistency across pages:
827 1,$s/nonzero/non-zero/g
829 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
838 An overview of the Linux implementations of POSIX threads.
841 Changes to individual pages
842 ---------------------------
846 Various minor changes.
850 BUGS: In kernels < 2.6.9, EPOLL_CTL_DEL required a non-NULL
851 'event', even though this argument is ignored.
852 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306517
856 Clarified semantics of relationship between flock() locks
857 and open file entries and file descriptors.
858 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=291121
861 Olivier Croquette, Thierry Excoffier
862 Noted the existence of the short sleep bug (up to 1 jiffy).
866 RLIMIT_RSS only has affect "in 2.4.x", not "in 2.4 and later".
870 Since Linux 2.6, the ru_nvcsw and ru_nivcsw fields are used.
874 Rewrote description of return value.
875 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=296183
879 O_DIRECT needs _GNU_SOURCE.
881 O_ASYNC works for pipes and FIFOs in Linux 2.6.
886 Various minor changes.
890 Various minor changes.
893 mtk / Philipp Spitzer
894 Fix description of return value.
895 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=308359
899 Changed (char *) to (void *) in example.
900 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=313607
904 Make log(3) SEE ALSO log1p(3),
905 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=309578
909 Fix description of RETURN VALUE for makecontext(),
910 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=311800
914 Various minor changes.
918 Small fix to a code example,
919 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=194842
923 When specifying resolved_path as NULL, realpath()
924 will (still) only allocate up to PATH_MAX bytes.
925 Plus other minor changes.
926 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=239424
930 The required header file for these functions on Linux is <netdb.h>,
931 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=311680
935 Arg for %p is a pointer to _a pointer to_ void,
936 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=263109
940 freopen() can change the descriptors associated with
941 stdin/stdout/stderr, as per
942 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=295859
946 strerror_r(3) requires #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600,
947 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=290880
951 Fix typo: "_SC_2_DEV" should be "_SC_2_C_DEV".
955 Added pointers under /proc/sys/net to tcp.7 and ip.7.
959 Various wording and formatting fixes.
960 Reordered /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_* file descriptions alphabetically.
963 Dieter Brueggemann / mtk
964 Fixes to the discussion of SIOCATMARK and tcp_stdurg.
966 Various wording and formatting fixes.
967 Incorporated some new /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_* file descriptions
968 from the 2.6.12 source file Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt.
971 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.05 ====================
978 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
979 been incorporated in changes in this release:
981 A Costa <agcosta@gis.net>
982 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
983 Bas Zoetekouw <bas@debian.org>
984 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
985 Delian Krustev <krustev@krustev.net>
986 Dora Anna Volgyesi <volgyesi@elte.hu>
987 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
988 Ove Kaaven <ovek@arcticnet.no>
990 Apologies if I missed anyone!
995 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
996 places. (Special thanks to A Costa.)
999 Changes to individual pages
1000 ---------------------------
1004 Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination
1009 Clarified what type of lock close() affects.
1010 Minor formatting changes.
1014 Consistent use of terms "open file description",
1015 "file status flags", and "file descriptor flags".
1016 Removed mention of lock sharing -- it was not accurate.
1017 Minor formatting fixes.
1021 Consistent use of terms "open file description",
1022 "file status flags", and "file descriptor flags".
1023 Some rewriting of discussion of file descriptor flags
1024 Under F_DUPFD, replaced some text duplicated in dup.2
1025 with a cross ref to dup.2
1026 Minor wording and formatting fixes.
1029 mtk / Martin (Joey) Schulze / Bas Zoetekouw
1030 The return value of isinf() changed in glibc 2.02
1031 to differentiate positive and negative infinity.
1032 See: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=285765
1037 Remove confusing text describing real and effective IDs.
1038 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=285852
1042 The short sleep bug (up to 1 jiffy) that was newly noted in
1043 man-pages-2.04 has just been fixed in 2.6.12.
1047 Changed range documented in main text from -20..20 to -20..19.
1048 Noted that the range is -20..20 on some systems.
1052 Clarification of term "open file description" along with
1053 explanation of what information it maintains.
1054 Other wording improvements.
1055 Various minor wording changes.
1059 Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination
1062 Noted use of atexit() for establishing function to be invoked on
1063 shared library unload.
1064 Noted that atexit()-registered functions are not invoked on
1065 abnormal termination.
1070 Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination
1073 Minor rewording and formatting changes.
1077 Added #define _BSD_SOURCE to prototype.
1080 Martin (Joey) Schulze
1085 Added definition of Linux dirent structure.
1086 Some formatting cleanups.
1089 Dora Anna Volgyesi / mtk
1090 strtold() and strtof() need _ISOC99_SOURCE or _XOPEN_SOURCE=600
1091 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=246668
1095 New link to tsearch.3.
1099 Added tdestroy to .TH line.
1103 Change "chown root:mem /dev/mem" to "chown root:kmem /dev/mem".
1107 Change "chown root:mem /dev/null /dev/zero" to
1108 "chown root:root /dev/null /dev/zero".
1111 Dan Jacobson / Martin (Joey) Schulze
1112 Replaced "selection(1)" by "gpm(8)" under SEE ALSO
1113 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=253515
1117 SA_SIGACTION should be SA_SIGINFO
1118 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=305369
1125 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.06 ====================
1127 Released: 2005-07-15
1132 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1133 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1135 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
1136 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1137 Bhavesh P Davda <bhavesh@avaya.com>
1138 Clau Weber <claus@jambit.com>
1139 Dov Murik <dov@dv-networks.com>
1140 David Lloyd <dlloyd@microbits.com.au>
1141 Frederik Deweerdt <frederik.deweerdt@gmail.com>
1142 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
1143 Lars Wirzenius <liw@iki.fi>
1144 Martin Pool <mbp@sourcefrog.net>
1145 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
1146 Petter Reinholdtsen <pere@hungry.com>
1147 Steven Murdoch <Steven.Murdoch@cl.cam.ac.uk>
1148 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
1150 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1155 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1158 Many uses of hyphens and dashes were corrected.
1164 canonicalize_file_name.3
1172 AFAIK, this system call has never actually done anything (other
1173 than be a stub) on any Unix.
1175 Changes to individual pages
1176 ---------------------------
1180 Various wording and formatting fixes.
1184 Minor formatting changes
1188 Various minor wording improvements; some formatting fixes
1192 Various wording and formatting fixes.
1196 s/positive/non-negative/ [for file descriptor]
1200 Documented RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE limit.
1201 RLIMIT_RSS ceased to have any effect in 2.4 in kernel 2.4.30.
1202 (It already didn't have any effect in 2.2.x and 2.6.x.)
1203 s/MADVISE_WILLNEED/MADV_WILLNEED/
1207 Removed historic comment on BSD backlog ceiling.
1208 Minor wording and formatting changes.
1212 Added BUG: in some circumstances, a process that is
1213 waiting for a semaphore to become zero is not woken
1214 up when the value does actually reach zero.
1215 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=110260821123863&w=2
1216 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=110261701025794&w=2
1220 Various minor wording improvements
1224 Added mkdir(2) to discussion, made term "file mode creation
1226 Various, mostly small, wording changes
1230 Change description for ESTALE
1231 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=237344
1237 Added SEE ALSO putgrent(3)
1238 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=211336
1244 Lars Wirzenius / mtk
1245 Replace mention of /etc/{passwd,group} by references to
1246 "passwd/group database", and LDAP and NIS.
1247 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316117
1249 Miscellaneous wording improvements
1250 Consistent DESCRIPTION and ERRORS wording across these pages.
1254 Relocate misplaced text describing gai_strerror().
1258 s/endservent/endnetent/
1259 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316517
1262 Lars Wirzenius / mtk
1263 Replace mention of /etc/shadow by references to
1264 "shadow password database", and LDAP and NIS.
1265 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316117
1267 Miscellaneous wording improvements
1268 Consistent DESCRIPTION wording vis-a-vis getpwnam.3 etc.
1272 Fix hsearch_r() prototype
1276 Fix description of RETURN VALUE
1277 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=317037
1279 various parts substantially rewritten; added description of
1280 %n$ form; various text incorporated from the GNU C library
1281 documentation ((C) The Free Software Foundation).
1285 Modified details of how user and group ownership of a new
1287 Various minor wording and formatting cleanups.
1291 tweaked the short description to include definition of 'ELF'
1292 add ELFOSABI_NONE to the ELFOSABI_ list
1293 tweak/add more machines to EM_ list for ehdr->e_machine
1294 fix indenting to be consistent
1295 tweak the display of the ELF_ST_* macros
1296 document the Elf_Dyn structure
1300 Updated discussion of /proc/stat.
1301 Added text on the /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/* files.
1305 Change protocol in UDP prototype.
1306 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=182635
1310 The first sentence under NOTES about SO_KEEPALIVE and SIGPIPE
1311 makes no grammatical sense (and possibly also no technical sense).
1312 It has been removed.
1315 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.07 ====================
1317 Released: 2005-07-19
1322 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1323 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1325 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1326 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
1328 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1335 The terms "set-user-ID" and "set-group-ID" are now used
1336 consistently (no abbreviations) across all manual pages.
1340 Consistent use of "saved set-user-ID" and "saved set-group-ID"
1341 (no more "saved user ID", "saved effective UID",
1342 saved group ID", etc.)
1346 Global fixes in textual descriptions:
1355 Consistent use of st_atime, st_ctime, st_mtime, with
1356 explanatory text, instead of atime/ctime/mtime.
1360 Classical BSD versions are now always named x.yBSD (formerly
1361 there was a mix of x.yBSD and BSD x.y).
1363 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1367 Changes to individual pages
1368 ---------------------------
1376 Improve description of st_dev and st_rdev.
1378 Various wording and formatting improvements.
1382 Some formatting fixes
1385 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.08 ====================
1387 Released: 2005-09-21
1392 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1393 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1395 Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
1396 Alain PORTAL <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
1397 Andrew Pimlott <andrew@pimlott.net>
1398 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1399 Baurzhan Ismagulov <ibr@radix50.net>
1400 Bernhard R. Link <brlink@debian.org>
1401 Bodo Stroesser <bstroesser@fujitsu-siemens.com>
1402 David N. Welton <davidw@eidetix.com>
1403 Dov Murik <dov@dv-networks.com>
1404 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.cs.tut.fi>
1405 Hasso Tepper <hasso@estpak.ee>
1406 Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>
1407 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
1408 Ludovic Courtes <ludovic.courtes@laas.fr>
1409 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
1410 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
1411 Norbert Buchmuller <norbi.spam@nix.hu>
1412 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
1413 Ramiro Aceves <ea1abz@gmail.com>
1414 Tommy Pettersson <ptp@lysator.liu.se>
1415 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
1417 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1424 RFC references are now always written as "RFC\ nnn"
1425 (not "RFC nnn" or "RFCnnn").
1427 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1431 Changes to individual pages
1432 ---------------------------
1436 To get an effect like "-h", BLOCKSIZE must start with "human",
1441 s/standard output/standard error/
1445 Fix small error in description of CLONE_PARENT_SETTID
1450 See http://lkml.org/lkml/2005/7/12/254
1454 Expanded discussion of relationship between user and kernel
1455 representations of the nice value.
1457 Added discussion of RLIMIT_NICE and a cross reference to
1458 getrlimit.2 under the description of the EACCES error.
1460 Noted 2.6.12 change in credentials checking for setpriority().
1464 Added description of RLIMIT_RTPRIO
1466 Added description of RLIMIT_NICE
1470 Noted bug in MAP_POPULATE for kernels before 2.6.7.
1474 Added _GNU_SOURCE to prototype.
1475 Rewrote description of MREMAP_MAYMOVE.
1476 Rewrote description of EAGAIN error.
1477 Added discussion of resizing of memory locks.
1478 Added entries to SEE ALSO.
1479 Some formatting fixes.
1483 Added IPC_INFO, MSG_INFO, MSG_STAT descriptions.
1487 Add to prototype: define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 199309
1488 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=314435
1492 Added sentence noting that range of the nice value is described
1494 Added cross-reference to setrlimit(2) for discussion on
1498 David N. Welton / Justin Pryzby / mtk
1499 Clarified the order of value and port arguments;
1500 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=263756
1504 Added SEE ALSO for sigsuspend.2
1505 Some formatting fixes.
1509 nfds should be prototyped as nfds_t
1510 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=322934
1513 Some wording and formatting improvements.
1517 Since kernel 2.6.13 PR_SET_DUMPABLE can also have the value 2.
1521 Remove misleading text describing FreeBSD's sranddev() function.
1522 As per debian bug 328629
1526 Added LINUX NOTES on trickery performed by glibc when
1527 vector size exceeds IOV_MAX.
1529 Formatting clean-ups.
1533 Added text to note that start and size are both rounded downward.
1537 Modified discussion of privileges; added pointer to
1538 sched_setscheduler.2 for a discussion of privileges and
1541 sched_setscheduler.2
1543 Modified discussion of privileges; added discussion of RLIMIT_RTPRIO.
1547 Added IPC_INFO, SEM_INFO, SEM_STAT descriptions.
1551 Added IPC_INFO, SHM_INFO, SHM_STAT descriptions.
1555 Split sigpending(), sigprocmask(), and sigsuspend() out
1556 into separate new pages.
1561 NOTES: described SA_NODEFER / sa_mask bug which was present in
1562 all kernels up to and including 2.6.13.
1563 See http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112360948603171&w=2
1564 and http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112362164911432&w=2
1566 Subject: Signal handling possibly wrong
1567 From: Bodo Stroesser
1568 Date: 2005-08-09 17:44:06
1572 Updated SEE ALSO to reflect splitting of sigaction.2 into
1573 sigaction.2, sigsuspend.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2
1577 New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2
1578 Changed CONFORMING TO.
1582 New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2
1583 Added text on effect of NULL for 'set' argument.
1584 Added text noting effect of ignoring SIGBUS, SIGFPE, SIGILL,
1586 Noted that sigprocmask() can't be used in multithreaded process.
1587 Fixed EINVAL error diagnostic.
1588 Changed CONFORMING TO.
1592 New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2
1593 Added NOTES on usage.
1594 Added new text to DESCRIPTION.
1595 Changed CONFORMING TO.
1599 Improve st_blocks description.
1604 One has carg(z) = atan(creal(z) / cimag(z))
1606 One has tan(carg(z)) = cimag(z) / creal(z)
1608 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=326720
1612 s/SOL_TCP/IPPROTO_TCP/ (POSIX standard name)
1616 s/-nostartupfiles/-nostartfiles/
1620 Nowadays (since 2.3.4) glibc only sets the first ai_canonname
1621 field if AI_CANONNAME was specified (the current behavior
1622 is all that SUSv3 requires).
1626 Added descriptions of AI_ALL, AI_ADDRCONFIG, AI_V4MAPPED,
1629 Some wording and formatting fixes.
1632 Bernhard R. Link / mtk
1633 Add NOTES text describing relationship of pw_dir and HOME and
1634 pointing out that applications should preferentially inspect HOME.
1638 Mention "little endian" and "big endian".
1639 Added note about octal and hex interpretation of
1640 numbers-and-dots notation.
1643 mtk / Ludovic Courtes
1644 Commented out references to rpc_secure(3) -- we don't currently
1645 have such a page in the man-pages set.
1646 In response to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=325115
1650 glibc 2.3.4 fixed the "name contains '='" bug.
1654 Added "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to prototype.
1657 Norbert Buchmuller / mtk
1658 Added text noting that the use or real-root-dev for changing
1659 the root device is obsolete, in favor of pivot root.
1660 (However, the page still needs to be rewritten to actually
1661 describe the pivot_root method...)
1662 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=323621
1666 Improve text describing /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/* files.
1668 Describe /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable (new in 2.6.13).
1670 Added placeholder mention of /proc/zoneinfo (new in 2.6.13).
1671 More needs to be said about this file.
1673 Repaired earlier cut and paste mistake which resulted
1674 in part of the text of this page being duplicated.
1678 Added text on biarch details for ut_session and ut_tv.
1682 Added CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL and CAP_AUDIT_WRITE.
1685 mtk / Andrew Pimlott
1686 Add a couple of words to make it clear that port is a 16-bit number.
1687 Reformat long source lines (no text changed).
1689 s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name)
1692 Fix discussion of IPC_RECVTTL / IP_TTL.
1696 Updated SEE ALSO to reflect splitting of sigaction.2 into
1697 sigaction.2, sigsuspend.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2.
1701 Clarified details of use of SO_PEERCRED.
1705 s/SOL_TCP/IPPROTO_TCP/ (POSIX standard name)
1706 s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name)
1710 Added description of UDP_CORK socket option.
1712 s/SOL_UDP/IPPROTO_UDP/ (POSIX standard name)
1713 s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name)
1716 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.09 ====================
1718 Released: 2005-10-13
1723 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1724 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1726 Justin Pryzby <pryzbyj@justinpryzby.com>
1727 Peter Chubb <peterc@gelato.unsw.edu.au>
1728 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
1729 Tomas Pospisek <tpo_deb@sourcepole.ch>
1730 Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
1732 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1746 Added SEE ALSO for new pty.7 page.
1748 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1757 Overview of Unix 98 and BSD pseudo-terminals.
1760 Changes to individual pages
1761 ---------------------------
1765 Remove "-V" option (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1768 Peter Chubb / Trond Myklebust / mtk
1769 Since kernel 2.6.10, a read lease can only be placed on a
1770 file descriptor that is opened read-only.
1771 See the following LKML thread of Aug 2005
1772 ("fcntl(F GETLEASE) semantics??"):
1773 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112371777712197&w=2
1774 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112374818213000&w=2
1775 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112376335305284&w=2
1776 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112377294030092&w=2
1780 Add new text to ENOMEM error.
1784 Added description of MREMAP_FIXED and 'new_address' argument
1786 Revised text of EINVAL error.
1789 Samuel Thibault / mtk
1790 read() can fail with EINVAL when using O_DIRECT
1792 Added open(2) to SEE ALSO.
1796 s/int/size_t/ for type of 'size' argument (fix from
1797 Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1800 Samuel Thibault / mtk
1801 write() can fail with EINVAL when using O_DIRECT
1805 Fix: s/acosh/atanh/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1809 Improved "a+" description (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1813 s/getrpcent/setrpcent/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1817 Removed references to fropen() and fwopen(), which are
1818 BSDisms that don't appear in glibc.
1819 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=331174
1823 Typo fix: %Ry ==> %Ey [SUSv3 mentions...] (fix from
1824 Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1828 s/network/networks/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1832 Added description of /proc/sys/vm/legacy_va_layout.
1836 Update description of SO_RCVLOWAT and SO_SNDLOWAT.
1837 (fix derived from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1840 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.10 ====================
1842 Released: 2005-10-19
1847 The changes in this release consist *solely* of formatting fixes, with
1848 the aim bringing greater consistency to the manual pages according to
1849 the following rules:
1851 -- Function name references should *always* be followed by
1852 parentheses, "()" (possibly containing a manual page section
1855 -- The parentheses following a function name should *not* be
1856 formatted. Thus, for example, instead of:
1864 Much of the change was automated using two scripts:
1865 add_parens_for_own_funcs.sh and unformat_parens.sh.
1866 For the (possible) benefit of downstream manual page maintainers and
1867 translators, I have placed these scripts in a new subdirectory 'scripts'.
1869 NOTE THE FOLLOWING POINTS WELL:
1871 -- These scripts provide a computer-assisted solution to the above
1872 two goals. However, they are not perfect, and their output should
1873 be scanned by a human. (To see what changes the two scripts
1874 *would* make, without making them, use the "-n" command line option.)
1876 -- The scripts do not fix all instances that violate the above rules:
1877 some manual fixes are required. Two further scripts are provided
1878 to help find remaining instances of function names without
1879 following "()": find_dots_no_parens.sh and find_slashes_no_parens.sh.
1881 The following changes were made:
1883 -- add_parens_for_own_funcs.sh was applied to the pages in Sections
1886 -- unformat_parens.sh was applied to pages in Sections 2, 3, 4, and 7
1887 (the only sections where such changes were required).
1889 -- further changes (not so very many) were performed by hand.
1890 (found places to fix with the assistance of find_dots_no_parens.sh
1891 and find_slashes_no_parens.sh).
1894 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.11 ====================
1896 Released: 2005-10-24
1901 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1902 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1904 Alain PORTAL <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
1906 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1913 Most instances of the constant "NULL" are not formatted (bolded) in
1914 man pages, but a few are. For consistency, formatting on "NULL" has
1915 been removed where it occurred.
1917 Many minor formatting fixes were made.
1919 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1923 Changes to individual pages
1924 ---------------------------
1928 Added EINVAL error for rlim_cur > rlim_max when calling setrlimit().
1932 Repaired discussion of capabilities and file system UID, which
1933 mistakenly had involved exec() in the discussion.
1937 Removed text saying there is no library interface. There
1942 Minor change to RETURN VALUE text.
1953 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.12 ====================
1955 Released: 2005-10-31
1960 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1961 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1963 Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
1964 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1965 Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx>
1966 herbert <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
1967 Martin Landers <martin.landers@treibgut.net>
1968 Michael Benedict <benedict@starbak.net>
1970 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1975 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1979 Changes to individual pages
1980 ---------------------------
1984 Reworded text around PAGESIZE, noting also that
1985 sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE) can be used.
1989 Removed words "as well" (added in 2.11) from the phrase
1990 "and it gets these last five capabilities if its fsuid is 0 as well"
1991 since there are (unusual) situations in which fsuid can be 0 while
1992 the effective UID is not.
1994 Reworked (cut down) discussion of capabilities, moving part of
1995 it into capabilities.7
1999 Add text to note that setresuid() always modifies the file
2000 system UID, and setresgid() likewise always modifies the file
2005 Added (brief) description of SHM_HUGETLB.
2008 mtk / Martin Landers
2009 Noted that ss_sp is automatically aligned by the kernel.
2012 Brian M. Carlson / herbert
2013 Change <netinet/in.h> to <arpa/inet.h> in prototype; add text
2014 explaining that some systems need the former header.
2015 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=265244
2019 Reworked part of the discussion of exec() and capabilities.
2020 Added sub-section "Effect of User ID Changes on Capabilities".
2021 Reworked discussion of CAP_SYS_ADMIN and file-max.
2024 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.13 ====================
2026 Released: 2005-11-03
2028 This release consists entirely of formatting and typographical fixes.
2033 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2038 Function and page cross references that were italicized were
2039 made bold (which is how the majority of function and page
2040 cross references were already done).
2044 Instances of things like "NULL-terminated string" were changed to
2045 "null-terminated string".
2049 Pathnames, structures, arguments, and <header-files> that were
2050 bold were changed to italics.
2054 Instances of the constant "NULL" that were bold-faced were made
2055 unformatted (which is how most instances of "NULL" were already
2059 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.14 ====================
2061 Released: 2005-11-17
2066 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2067 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2069 Angelo <ang3l0@katamail.com>
2070 Avery Pennarun <apenwarr@nit.ca>
2071 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
2072 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
2073 Stefan Brüns <stefan.bruens@rwth-aachen.de>
2074 Volker Reichelt <reichelt@igpm.rwth-aachen.de>
2076 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2081 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2089 This page is taken as is from the FreeBSD 5.4 distribution.
2090 (Not checked against Linux reality, but likely things are
2092 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=336875
2094 Changes to individual pages
2095 ---------------------------
2099 Updated discussion about lack of prototype in glibc.
2103 Improved description of E2BIG error: it relates to the sum
2104 of the bytes in both environment and argument list.
2108 Clarified parts of the discussion of file leases,
2109 noting effect of open(O_NONBLOCK), interruption
2110 by signal handler, or termination by signal in
2111 lease breaker. In response to
2112 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=339037
2116 Added LINUX NOTES describing nanosecond timestamps.
2119 Volker Reichelt / mtk
2120 Fixed to point out that frexp() returns a number whose
2121 *absolute* value is >= 0.5 and < 1. Amended the example
2122 program to demonstrate this.
2125 mtk / Avery Pennarun
2126 Add EWOULDBLOCK error for file leases.
2128 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=339037
2132 Although the glibc implementation returns -1 on error (and some
2133 other man pages (e.g., the BSDs) also document that value for
2134 error returns), SUSv3 merely says "non-zero" (and this is
2135 what manual pages on many implementations also say).
2139 Formerly, the page said that all systems declare memalign() in
2140 <malloc.h>. In fact, many declare it in <stdlib.h>.
2144 Almost a complete rewrite after Angelo pointed out
2145 that the existing page was deficient.
2149 Remove SEE ALSO for nonexistent scsi.4.
2153 Updated discussion of /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max.
2157 Added pthreads.7 to SEE ALSO.
2161 Fix typo: s/LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT/LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT/
2164 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.15 ====================
2166 Released: 2005-11-30
2171 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2172 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2174 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2175 James Vega <jamessan@debian.org>
2176 Malcolm Scott <mas90@io.malc.org.uk>
2177 Senthil Kumar <senthilkumar_sen@hotpop.com>
2179 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2184 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2190 sigvec.3 -- for details, see below.
2192 sigset.3 -- for details, see below.
2194 Changes to individual pages
2195 ---------------------------
2199 Added text describing the 2.6.[0-7] EPERM bug that occurred
2200 when sending signals to a process group.
2204 Noted that si_signo is unused on Linux.
2208 Added BUGS noting wrapper function problem that existed
2209 in glibc versions <= 2.2.1.
2213 Moved to section 3; see also sigpause.3 below.
2217 Added a GLIBC NOTES section describing sigisemptyset(),
2218 sigandset(), and sigorset().
2223 These pages have been deleted, and replaced by a new sigvec.3
2224 man page that more fully describes the BSD signal API.
2230 These links to the now-deleted sigblock.2 have been also been
2231 deleted. They are replaced by corresponding links in Section 3:
2232 sigmask.3, sigsetmask.3, siggetmask.3.
2236 This new page is provides a fuller description of the
2237 BSD signal API than was provided in the now-deleted sigvec.2
2245 Created as links to sigvec.3.
2249 Moved here from Section 2.
2251 Some minor wording fixes; clarified System V origins of
2252 X/Open flavor of this function.
2256 New page describing the System V signal API: sigset(), sighold(),
2257 sigrelse(), sigignore().
2261 Add further text clarifying that %+ specifier is not supported in
2264 Added GLIBC NOTES section describing optional 'flag' and 'width'
2265 components of conversion specifiers.
2266 Some wording changes to bring terminology closer to SUSv3.
2267 Added an example program.
2271 Add as new link to vm86.2.
2275 Added a few words to reflect the fact that several of the section
2276 7 pages provide overviews of various topics.
2280 Added some SEE ALSO entries.
2284 Added text noting that select()/poll() do not respect SO_RCVLOWAT.
2288 s/tcp_socket/udp_socket/ in example
2289 Fixes http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=340927
2292 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.16 ====================
2294 Released: 2005-12-02
2299 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2300 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2302 Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
2303 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2304 Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
2306 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2311 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2315 Changes to individual pages
2316 ---------------------------
2320 Added instructions for finding maintainer in Debian package.
2324 Added NOTES about INFTIM constant provided on some other
2329 The -1 error return of shmat() should be cast "(void *)".
2333 Remove junk text (actually intended as source code comment
2338 Fix a typo: s/SOCK_RAW/SOCK_PACKET/
2342 Clarification: s%SOCK_PACKET%PF_INET/SOCK_PACKET%
2345 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.17 ====================
2347 Released: 2005-12-13
2352 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2353 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2355 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
2356 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
2357 Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
2358 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
2360 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2366 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2375 New documentation for the glibc-specific fmemopen() and
2376 open_memstream(). Based on glibc info page.
2379 mtk (with prompting and suggestions for improvements by
2381 New page providing overview of pipes and FIFOs.
2384 Changes to individual pages
2385 ---------------------------
2389 Added notes on how to write example programs for manual pages.
2393 Added pointers to examples of fork() in wait.2 and pipe.2.
2397 Added an example program.
2398 Added SEE ALSO for new pipe.7 page.
2402 Added example program demonstrating use of fork() and waitpid().
2406 Delete line that should have been deleted when applying
2407 2.08 fix for this page.
2411 Rearranged EAI_* list alphabetically.
2415 Added GLIBC NOTES describing feature test macros required
2416 to expose declaration of inet_aton().
2420 New link to new fmemopen.3.
2424 Added SEE ALSO for new pipe.7 page.
2428 Removed BROWSER, since it seems not in fact to be common.
2432 Added documentation of SO_TIMESTAMP.
2436 Noted 200 millisecond ceiling imposed on TCP_CORK.
2440 Rearranged options into something approximating alphabetical order.
2443 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.18 ====================
2445 Released: 2005-12-15
2450 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2451 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2453 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sf.net>
2454 Karsten Sperling <karsten.sperling@stud.uni-karlsruhe.de>
2455 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
2456 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
2457 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2459 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2465 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2469 Changes to individual pages
2470 ---------------------------
2474 Added mention of AF_INET6 address family.
2475 Added discussion of sockaddr structure and an example in the
2480 Put 'flags' list in alphabetical order.
2484 Added cross-reference from discussion of MSG_MORE to UDP_CORK
2487 Put 'flags' list in alphabetical order.
2491 Added CONFORMING TO section noting that these are
2492 non-standard BSDisms.
2496 Added SEE ALSO for err.3.
2497 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867
2500 Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk
2501 Added references to nsswitch.conf(5); remove cross references
2503 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=308397
2507 Added SEE ALSO for err.3 .
2508 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867
2511 mtk / Martin (Joey) Schulze
2512 Remove cross references to resolv+(8); add cross references to
2514 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=214892
2516 Added SEE ALSO entry for resolver(5);
2517 see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=251122
2521 Rewrote and extended the discussion of the two flavors of
2522 strerror_r(), and added some additional information on
2525 Added SEE ALSO for err.3, as per
2526 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867
2531 Fix three typos in identifier names.
2535 The + operator should be in the list of unary operators.
2539 Small wording changes around discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT.
2540 Fixed a couple of wording errors elsewhere.
2541 Reformatted some long lines.
2544 mtk, after a note by Stefan Puiu
2545 Updated discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT.
2547 Reformatted some long lines.
2549 Noted the Linux-specific feature whereby setsockopt() doubles
2550 the value given for SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF.
2552 Noted kernel-imposed minimum values for SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF.
2555 mtk, after a note by Stefan Puiu
2556 Updated discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT.
2560 Added new (UN)SUPPORTED FEATURES section in which it is noted
2561 that Unix domain sockets do not support MSG_OOB or MSG_MORE.
2563 Noted details of SO_SNBUF and SO_RCVBUF support for
2564 Unix domain sockets.
2567 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.19 ====================
2569 Released: 2005-12-23
2574 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2575 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2577 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2578 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
2579 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2581 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2587 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2591 Changes to individual pages
2592 ---------------------------
2600 Remove text under EINVAL error: "This may change in the future:
2601 see linux/unix/sock.c for details." This behavior has been
2602 unchanged for a long time, and seems unlikely to change.
2604 Add EADDRINUSE to errors.
2608 Add cmsg(3) to SEE ALSO.
2612 Added description of 'x' mode character (exclusive open).
2616 Some wording changes to description of pipes.
2619 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.20 ====================
2621 Released: 2006-01-03
2626 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2630 Changes to individual pages
2631 ---------------------------
2635 Added some text to explain the usual scenario in which
2636 sigaltstack() is employed.
2640 Noted that this function is available since glibc 2.2.
2648 Noted that capability bounding set appeared with kernel 2.2.11.
2663 The only changes to these pages have been for formatting:
2664 -- Structure definitions were changed to K&R style
2665 -- Some long source lines were broken to fit into ~70
2667 No changes were made to the content of these pages (yet...).
2670 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.21 ====================
2672 Released: 2006-01-16
2677 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2678 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2680 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2681 Falk Hueffner <falk@debian.org>
2682 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
2683 Senthil Kumar <senthilkumar_sen@hotpop.com>
2684 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2686 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2693 truncate.2 gethostname.2 lseek.2 listxattr.2 readlink.2
2694 sysfs.2 stat.2 ustat.2 uname.2 getdomainname.2
2695 argz_add.3 asprintf.3 confstr.3 bstring.3 bzero.3 dlopen.3 fwide.3
2696 gethostbyname.3 getline.3 getlogin.3 getnameinfo.3 getpass.3 hsearch.3
2697 perror.3 printf.3 readdir.3 scanf.3 stpcpy.3 strdup.3 strfmon.3
2698 strftime.3 string.3 strptime.3 sysconf.3 termios.3 ttyname.3
2699 dsp56k.4 tty_ioctl.4
2700 elf.5 proc.5 termcap.5
2703 Various pages use inconsistent terms for 'null byte' (which
2704 is the C99/SUSv3 term for the '\0' character).
2706 To rectify this the following changes were made in the above
2709 Replace 'zero byte' with 'null byte'.
2710 Replace 'null character' with 'null byte'.
2711 Replace 'nulls' with 'null bytes'.
2712 Replace 'NUL-terminated' by 'null-terminated'.
2713 Replace 'NUL' by 'null byte'.
2714 Replace 'terminating NUL' by 'terminating null byte'.
2715 Replace 'final NUL' by 'terminating null byte'.
2716 Replace 'NUL character' by 'null byte'.
2720 Replace "SysV"/"SYSV" by "System V".
2722 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2726 Changes to individual pages
2727 ---------------------------
2731 Noted bug that could wrongly cause EPERM in unprivileged
2732 capset() with 'pid' field == getpid().
2736 Noted that EPOLLONESHOT was added in 2.6.2.
2740 Added GLIBC NOTES describing operation of glibc's
2741 gethostname() wrapper function.
2744 mtk / Mike Frysinger
2745 Clarify relationship between mmap2(2) and mmap64(3).
2747 A few other small rewordings.
2755 Added BUG noting that O_ASYNC can't be enabled via
2756 open(): fcntl() must be used for this purpose.
2760 Relocate misplaced discussion of MSG_DONTWAIT.
2764 Rewrote discussion of dlopen() 'flag' argument;
2765 added descriptions of RTLD_NOLOAD, RTLD_DELETE,
2768 Noted use of atexit() to register a function that is
2769 automatically called when a library is unloaded.
2773 Rewrote substantial parts of the page, and relicensed under GPL.
2777 Add RETURN VALUE section.
2781 Noted historical use of <stdio.h> to declare getopt().
2785 Clarify how strcmp() should be used as the 'compar'
2786 function by providing an example.
2787 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=348072
2791 Noted that /proc/mounts is pollable since kernel 2.6.15.
2793 Documented /proc/PID/task.
2795 Noted that the contents of /proc/PID/{cwd,exe,fd,root,task}
2796 are not available if the main thread has terminated.
2799 Add pointer to random(4) for description of files under
2800 /proc/sys/kernel/random.
2804 Small rewording of discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT
2805 (add cross-ref to socket(7)).
2808 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.22 ====================
2810 Released: 2006-02-02
2815 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2816 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2818 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
2819 Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
2820 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2821 Colin Tuckley <colin@tuckley.org>
2822 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2823 Thomas Hood <jdthood@yahoo.co.uk>
2824 Thorsten Kukuk <kukuk@suse.de>
2825 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
2831 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2834 Changes to individual pages
2835 ---------------------------
2839 Noted that portable applications should specify fd as -1
2840 when using MAP_ANONYMOUS.
2841 Some rewriting of description of MAP_ANONYMOUS.
2845 New link to sigreturn.2.
2849 New link to sigsuspend.2.
2853 Noted that waitid() does not set infop->si_uid field on
2854 most other implementations.
2858 Make clear that when calling getopt_long() and there are no
2859 short options, then 'optstring' should be "", not NULL.
2863 In glibc 2.0.92, openpty() was modified to preferably open
2864 Unix 98 ptys instead of BSD ptys.
2868 Small rewording under EXAMPLES.
2873 s/string must begin/string may begin/
2877 Documented inotify files under /proc/sys/fs/inotify:
2878 max_queued_events, max_user_instances, and max_user_watches.
2881 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.23 ====================
2883 Released: 2006-02-10
2888 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2889 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2891 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
2892 Britton Leo Kerin <bkerin_rb@letterboxes.org>
2893 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
2894 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
2895 Luc Van Oostenryck <lkml@looxix.net>
2896 Kurt Wall <kwall@kurtwerks.com>
2897 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
2898 Matthias Andree <matthias.andree@gmx.de>
2899 Robert Love <rlove@rlove.org>
2900 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
2901 Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
2903 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2908 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2918 Robert Love, with some additions by mtk.
2919 New pages describing the inotify API.
2924 Andi Kleen, with additional work by mtk
2925 New pages describing the NUMA memory allocation policy API.
2926 Drawn from the set at ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/people/ak/numa.
2929 Urs Thuermann, with additional work by mtk
2930 New page describing the real-time clock driver.
2934 Overview of the inotify API.
2936 Changes to individual pages
2937 ---------------------------
2941 On x86, clone() should not be called through vsyscall,
2942 but directly through "int $0x80".
2946 Small wording changes.
2948 Added cross-ref to inotify.7 under the description of dnotify.
2951 mtk / Britton Leo Kerin
2952 Small wording change under NOTES to clarify
2953 what happens when a process sends a signal to itself.
2954 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=350236
2957 mtk / Matthias Andree
2958 Added BUGS txt on interaction between MCL_FUTURE and
2960 See the following LKML thread:
2961 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=113801392825023&w=2
2962 "Rationale for RLIMIT_MEMLOCK"
2965 mtk / Samuel Thibault
2966 Rewrote declaration of 'msgp' to be "void *" in response
2967 to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=350884
2968 Various other wording fixes.
2972 Clarify distinction between "file creation flags" and
2973 "file status flags".
2977 Add SEE ALSO for pread(2).
2978 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351873
2986 Added return types to prototypes for FD_SET(), FD_CLR(),
2987 FD_ZERO, and FD_ISSET().
2988 Other minor wording changes.
2992 Add SEE ALSO for pwrite(2).
2993 (Analogous with read.2 change above.)
2997 Add Linux specific errors to this page.
3001 Added cross-ref to locale.7 for 'struct lconv' defn.
3002 Other minor wording changes.
3003 Martin (Joey) Schulze
3004 Added SEE ALSO refs for nl_langinfo.3
3005 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351831
3009 Minor formatting & wording fixes.
3012 Martin (Joey) Schulze
3013 Added SEE ALSO refs for nl_langinfo.3
3014 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351831
3018 Migrated description of inotify files to the new inotify.7 page.
3022 Add text describing characters 001 to 037.
3023 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=342173
3027 Minor wording and formatting changes.
3030 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.24 ====================
3032 Released: 2006-02-17
3037 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3038 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3040 Joerg Habenicht <habenich@planetserver.com>
3041 Luc Van Oostenryck <lkml@looxix.net>
3042 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
3043 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
3045 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3056 FSF / mtk (with assistance of Luc Van Oostenryck)
3057 man-pages finally gets pages for these system calls, several
3058 of which are obsolete in Linux 2.6.
3059 Took the old GPLed pages dated 1996 and made a number of
3060 clean-ups and minor additions.
3068 Change "file name" to "filename"
3069 Change "path name" to "pathname"
3084 mtk after a suggestion from Samuel Thibault
3085 Added SEE ALSO pointers to wide character equivalent functions
3086 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351996
3088 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
3092 Changes to individual pages
3093 ---------------------------
3097 Remove duplicate CLONE_STOPPED text.
3098 Commented out crufty text describing EINVAL error
3099 for the now obsolete CLONE_DETACHED flag.
3100 Under CLONE_SIGHAND, noted that 'flags' must also include
3101 CLONE_VM if CLONE_SIGHAND is specified.
3105 Under ERRORS: Separate out EAGAIN error for locking mmaped files.
3113 Documented the EAGAIN error for msgrcv().
3116 Mike Frysinger / mtk
3117 Expand explanation of FNM_PATHNAME.
3120 Joerg Habenicht / mtk
3121 Fix up discussion of EAGAIN/EACCESS errors.
3124 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.25 ====================
3126 Released: 2006-03-02
3131 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3132 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3134 James Peach <jpeach@samba.org>
3135 Krzysztof Benedyczak <golbi@mat.uni.torun.pl>
3136 Marten von Gagern <Martin.vGagern@gmx.net>
3137 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
3138 Michael Wronksi <michal.wronski@gmail.com>
3140 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3154 New pages describing POSIX message queue API.
3157 mtk, after a suggestion by James Peach
3158 New page describing posix_fallocate().
3162 New page giving overview of the POSIX message queue API.
3165 Changes to individual pages
3166 ---------------------------
3170 Add a case to the EINVAL error text.
3172 Various minor wording fixes
3173 Added SEE ALSO referring to new posix_fallocate.3.
3177 Added "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600" to prototype.
3178 Added SEE ALSO referring to new posix_fallocate.3.
3182 Migrated information on POSIX message queues to new mqueue.7 page.
3186 Fix thinko: s/assuming a non-blocking/assuming a blocking/
3189 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.26 ====================
3191 Released: 2006-03-21
3196 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3197 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3199 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
3200 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
3201 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
3202 Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com>
3203 Hasso Tepper <hasso@estpak.ee>
3204 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
3205 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
3206 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
3207 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
3208 Siward de Groot <siward@wanadoo.nl>
3209 Steve Beattie <sbeattie@suse.de>
3210 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
3212 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3229 mtk, aeb, Steve Beattie
3230 Added comment in SYNOPSIS to note that syscall(2) may be
3231 preferable over _syscallN (see intro(2)).
3233 Various minor formatting changes were done on a range of
3234 pages in Section 7. (No content was changed.)
3241 New page describing openat(2), added in kernel 2.6.16,
3242 and some notes on rationale for the at*(2) system calls.
3245 Andi Kleen, Christoph Lameter, mtk
3246 Added MPOL_MF_MOVE and MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL descriptions,
3247 from numactl-0.9.2 man page.
3248 Plus a few other smaller fixes.
3252 New page describing fexecve(3).
3256 New page describing futimes(3).
3258 Changes to individual pages
3259 ---------------------------
3263 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new fexecve.3.
3266 mtk, aeb, Steve Beattie
3267 Added some notes on syscall(2) versus _syscall.
3273 Added SEE ALSO pointing to mq_overview.7.
3277 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new openat.2.
3279 Split out part of the RETURN VALUE text into separate
3282 Modified wording referring to raw(8) to
3283 indicate that this interface is deprecated.
3287 Added discussion of ppoll(2), which is new in 2.6.16.
3296 Added text to note that although POSIX says msg_controllen
3297 should be socklen_t, glibc actually uses size_t.
3298 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=356502
3299 and the associated glibc bug report.
3300 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=2448
3302 Various formatting fixes.
3306 Updated to reflect the fact that pselect() has been implemented
3307 in the kernel in 2.6.16; various other minor wording changes.
3309 pselect() prototype needs "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600".
3313 Clean up description of EEXIST error.
3314 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=357893
3318 Added a little extra text to clarify EISDIR vs EPERM.
3322 Added new SEE ALSO entry pointing to new futimes.3 page.
3326 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new fexecve.3.
3330 New link to shm_open.3 (should have been made when page
3331 was originally written).
3335 Add needed "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE".
3339 Updated to remove a few function names that are now documented.
3343 Various changes to bring this page closer to
3344 current kernel versions.
3348 Noted that glibc 2.4 is required to get glibc support
3353 Some rewording and added a few words about System V
3358 Substantial updates to various parts of this page.
3364 Updated to reflect that the NPTL limitation that only the main
3365 thread could call setsid() and setpgid() was removed in 2.6.16.
3369 Removed text implying that only in kernel 2.2 does IP_HDRINCL
3370 prevent datagrams from being fragmented.
3374 Documented SO_SNDBUFFORCE and SO_RCVBUFFORCE socket options,
3377 Placed socket options in alphabetical order.
3380 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.27 ====================
3382 Released: 2006-03-24
3387 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3388 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3390 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
3391 Charles P. Wright <cwright@cs.sunysb.edu>
3392 Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
3393 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
3394 Daniel Jacobowitz <dan@debian.org>
3395 Ingo Molnar <mingo@elet.hu>
3396 Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
3397 Janak Desai <janak@us.ibm.com>
3398 Paolo (Blaisorblade) Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
3399 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
3401 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3409 Various minor formatting changes were done on a range of
3410 pages in Section 7. (No content was changed.)
3417 mtk, with reference to documentation by Janak Desai
3418 New page describing unshare(2), added in kernel 2.6.16.
3421 Changes to individual pages
3422 ---------------------------
3428 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new unshare.2.
3432 MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL requires CAP_SYS_NICE not CAP_SYS_RESOURCE.
3436 Clarified the description of MREMAP_FIXED and restructured
3437 the text to reflect the fact that this flag is exposed
3438 by glibc since version 2.4.
3441 Chuck Ebbert, with assistance from Daniel Jacobowitz,
3442 Paolo (Blaisorblade) Giarrusso, and Charles P. Wright;
3443 after a suggestion from Heiko Carstens.
3444 Document the following ptrace requests:
3445 PTRACE_SETOPTIONS (2.4.6)
3446 plus associated flags:
3447 PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD (2.4.6)
3448 PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK (2.5.46)
3449 PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK (2.5.46)
3450 PTRACE_O_TRACECLONE (2.5.46)
3451 PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC (2.5.46)
3452 PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORKDONE (2.5.60)
3453 PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT (2.5.60)
3454 PTRACE_SETSIGINFO (2.3.99-pre6)
3455 PTRACE_GETSIGINFO (2.3.99-pre6)
3456 PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG (2.5.46)
3457 PTRACE_SYSEMU (since Linux 2.6.14)
3458 PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP (since Linux 2.6.14)
3460 sched_get_priority_max.2
3461 sched_setscheduler.2
3464 Modified to document SCHED_BATCH policy, new in kernel 2.6.16.
3466 Text describing SCHED_BATCH was added to sched_setscheduler.2,
3467 and was drawn in part from Ingo Molnar's description in the
3468 mail message containing the patch that implemented this policy.
3470 Various other minor rewordings and formatting fixes.
3473 mtk, using text from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
3474 Document /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches, new in kernel 2.6.16.
3475 mtk, using information from ChangeLog-2.6.14.
3476 Document /proc/PID/smaps, new in kernel 2.6.14.
3480 Noted affect of CAP_SYS_NICE for mbind(MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL).
3484 Kernel 2.6.16 eliminated buggy behavior with respect to
3485 the alternate signal stack.
3488 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.28 ====================
3490 Released: 2006-03-31
3495 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3496 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3498 Aleksandr Blokhin <sass@altlinux.ru>
3499 Greg Johnson <gjohnson@lanl.gov>
3501 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3517 New pages describing the POSIX semaphores API.
3519 These pages supersede and provide a superset of the information
3520 in the glibc (3thr) "semaphores(3)" manual page.
3523 Changes to individual pages
3524 ---------------------------
3532 Wrapped long lines (no content changes).
3538 Add SEE ALSO pointing to the new sem_overview.7 page.
3542 Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent core(5).
3545 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.29 ====================
3547 Released: 2006-04-06
3552 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3553 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3555 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
3556 Roberto Jimenoca <robertojimenoca@terra.es>
3557 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
3559 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3571 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new core.5 page.
3579 New page describing mkdirat(2), new in 2.6.16.
3583 New page describing mknodat(2), new in 2.6.16.
3587 New page describing core dump files.
3591 New page describing mkfifoat(3).
3594 Changes to individual pages
3595 ---------------------------
3600 Michael Haardt / mtk
3601 Document EINVAL error for 'len' argument < 0.
3605 Expanded discussion of mandatory locking.
3609 Added BUGS text on 2.6.x handling of RLIMIT_CPU limit
3610 of zero seconds. See
3611 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112256338703880&w=2
3615 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mkdirat.2.
3619 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mknodat.2.
3622 mtk / Roberto Jimenoca
3623 Clarified discussion of file types affected by O_NONBLOCK.
3624 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=360243
3628 Rewrote NOTES describing rationale for openat().
3629 Various other minor changes.
3633 Removed a misleading cross-ref to socket.2.
3637 Since 2.6.17-rc1, shmdt() gives the error EINVAL in a further
3638 circumstance: if shmaddr is not aligned on a page boundary.
3642 Remove text saying that specifying invalid flags "is likely
3643 to cause compatibility problems" since the kernel now
3644 (2.6.17-rc1) contains an explicit check for invalid bits
3645 with a consequent EINVAL error.
3649 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mkfifoat.3.
3653 Information on core_pattern and core_uses_pid has
3654 been migrated to the new core.5 page.
3658 Removed paragraph referring to obsolete ipchains / ipfw(4).
3662 Add SEE ALSO entry referring to pthreads.7.
3665 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.30 ====================
3667 Released: 2006-04-17
3672 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3673 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3675 Andre Lehovich <andrel@yahoo.com>
3676 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
3677 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
3678 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
3680 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3688 New page describing linkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3692 New page describing renameat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3696 New page describing symlinkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3700 New page describing unlinkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3703 Changes to individual pages
3704 ---------------------------
3708 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new linkat.2 page.
3712 Added SEE ALSO entries pointing to new *at.2 pages.
3716 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new renameat.2 page.
3720 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new unlinkat.2 page.
3724 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new symlinkat.2 page.
3728 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new unlinkat.2 page.
3732 Document the feature test macros required to expose various flags.
3734 Clarify 'speed' argument for cfsetispeed() text.
3736 Note that LOBLK is not implemented on Linux.
3738 Clarify arguments for cfsetspeed().
3739 Various formatting changes.
3743 Add a sentence describing the purpose of full(4).
3747 Rework text describing circumstances in which
3748 core dump files are not produced.
3750 A core dump of a multithreaded process always includes the
3751 PID in the core filename.
3753 Eliminate some accidentally duplicated text.
3756 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.31 ====================
3758 Released: 2006-05-02
3763 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3764 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3766 Joshua Kwan <joshk@triplehelix.org>
3767 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
3768 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
3769 Mark Glines <mark@glines.org>
3770 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
3771 Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
3772 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
3773 Ryan S. Arnold <rsa@us.ibm.com>
3774 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
3776 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3782 The following pages have been relocated into section 7, since
3783 that is their more natural home. SEE ALSO references in various
3784 other pages have been adjusted.
3791 (many pages outside man-pages actually *expect*
3792 'environ' to be in Section 7.)
3797 ".so" link files have been created to link the old file locations to the
3798 new file locations. These links are added just to ensure that cross
3799 references from any other (non-man-pages) pages will remain valid;
3800 eventually these links will be removed.
3808 New page for fstatat(2), new in 2.6.16.
3812 New page for adjtime(3).
3816 New page describing error() and error_at_line()
3817 Fixes http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=186307
3819 program_invocation_name.3
3821 New page describing program_invocation_name and
3822 program_invocation_short_name variables.
3826 New page for sockatmark(3).
3830 New page describing feature test macros.
3834 New page giving an overview of "time" on Linux systems.
3848 Simplified wording around requirement for _BSD_SOURCE
3859 Added SEE ALSO referring to new time.7.
3866 Add SEE ALSO referring to new error.3.
3872 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to setlocale.3.
3875 Changes to individual pages
3876 ---------------------------
3880 Remove mention of SOCK_RDM from this page, since this socket
3881 type does not support accept()ing connections.
3885 Modified text referring to adjtime(); added SEE ALSO for new
3889 mtk, after a note by Karel Kulhavy
3890 Rewrote most of the DESCRIPTION, as well as some other parts
3891 the page, to clarify use and operation of, and rationale for,
3892 fsync(2) and fdatasync(2).
3896 Updated discussion of maximum timer value to reflect the fact
3897 that the default jiffy is now 4 milliseconds.
3899 Added text to note that current incorrect behavior of
3900 normalizing tv_usec >= 1000000 will be repaired in a future
3901 kernel; applications should be fixed now.
3905 Point out more explicitly that 'tz' argument should
3908 Various other minor edits and formatting fixes.
3912 Since kernel 2.6.16, MS_NOATIME and MS_NODIRATIME are settable
3913 on a per-mount basis.
3914 Detail exactly which mount flags can be changed on MS_REMOUNT.
3918 Clarify RETURN VALUE discussion.
3922 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fstatat.2.
3924 program_invocation_short_name.3
3926 New link to new program_invocation_name.3.
3930 Added SEE ALSO for new sockatmark.3.
3933 Joshua Kwan / Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk
3934 Correct wording of EBUSY case.
3936 Add ".." case to ENOTEMPTY error
3940 Note more clearly that fd_set arguments can be NULL.
3942 Improve opening paragraph describing purpose of select().
3944 Various other minor edits and formatting fixes.
3947 mtk / Nishanth Aravamudan
3948 Add text to noting that the initial values of semaphores
3949 in a new set are indeterminate.
3953 Add text noting that contents of newly created segment are zero
3958 Noted that all threads should block signal being waited for.
3961 Nishanth Aravamudan / mtk
3962 Added NOTE that st_size is always returned as zero for most
3965 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fstatat.2.
3969 Remove bogus BUGS text.
3973 Various minor changes.
3977 Rewrote RETURN VALUE discussion.
3978 Updated CONFORMING TO.
3982 Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk
3983 Fix errors in DESCRIPTION.
3987 The range of tm_sec is 0..60 (not 0..61).
3990 error_message_count.3
3992 error_print_progname.3
3994 New links to new error.3.
3997 mtk / Ryan S. Arnold
3998 Add text noting that explicitly controlling output buffering
3999 may be useful to catch errors on output operations on an
4004 Add SEE ALSO pointing to getline.3.
4005 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=364772
4010 Describe correct handling of errno in order to
4011 distinguish error from success after the call.
4013 Added EXAMPLE section which points to strtol.3 which provides
4014 an example of the use of the analogous strtol(3).
4018 Add an example program.
4020 Describe correct handling or errno in order to
4021 distinguish error from success after the call.
4025 DESCRIPTION does not need to say "temporary file name"
4026 just "temporary file", since the name is in any case
4027 unavailable to the user.
4028 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=363518
4031 Change /automatically deleted when the program terminates normally/
4032 to /automatically deleted when the program terminates/
4033 since deletion occurs on both normal and abnormal termination.
4037 Various wording improvements and clarifications.
4040 mtk / Ulrich Drepper
4041 Add text noting that a signal's disposition is process-wide,
4042 shared by all threads.
4044 Add text on changing signal dispositions.
4045 Add text on "signal mask and pending signals".
4050 Added SEE ALSO for new adjtime.3.
4054 Remove bogus duplicate line.
4057 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.32 ====================
4059 Released: 2006-05-13
4064 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4065 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4067 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
4068 Johannes Weiner <root@hnaz.ath.cx>
4069 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4070 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
4071 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
4072 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
4074 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4082 New page for faccessat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4086 New page for fchmodat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4090 New page for fchownat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4094 New page for futimesat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4097 Changes to individual pages
4098 ---------------------------
4102 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new faccessat.2 page.
4106 Reworded to reflect that capabilities are per-thread.
4110 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fchmodat.2 page.
4114 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fchownat.2 page.
4118 Updated discussion of MAP_NORESERVE since it is no longer
4119 restricted to MAP_PRIVATE mappings.
4120 Add reference to discussion of /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory
4125 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new faccessat.2, fchmodat.2,
4126 fchownat.2, futimesat.2 pages.
4130 Document SHM_NORESERVE flag, new in 2.6.15.
4134 Expand text noting that ftruncate()/truncate() may fail if
4135 asked to extend a file beyond its current length.
4140 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new futimesat.2 page.
4144 Document 'm' (mmap) flag.
4145 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=365754
4147 Document 'c' (notcancel) flag.
4151 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new futimesat.2 page.
4155 Add missing "const" qualifies to cast in EXAMPLE.
4157 Slight rewording of comments in EXAMPLE.
4161 Clarify meaning of IXANY.
4162 Clarify relationship of MIN with VMIN and TIME with VTIME.
4164 Noted that CIBAUD, OFDEL, and DELECHO are not implemented
4166 Added explanatory paragraph for phrases "not in POSIX" and
4171 Reworded to reflect that capabilities are per-thread.
4172 Add ioprio_set() to list of operations permitted by
4174 Add ioprio_set() IOPRIO_CLASS_RT and IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE
4175 scheduling classes to list of operations permitted by
4177 Note effects of CAP_SYS_NICE for migrate_pages().
4180 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.33 ====================
4182 Released: 2006-05-23
4187 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4188 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4190 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
4191 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4192 Martin Osvald" <martin.osvald@gmail.com>
4193 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
4195 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4203 renamed to the more suggestive feature_test_macros.7
4211 New page briefly describing mq_getsetattr(2), the system
4212 call that underlies mq_setattr(3) and mq_getattr(3).
4216 New page for rpmatch(3).
4219 Changes to individual pages
4220 ---------------------------
4224 Remove mention of non-standard S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC.
4225 POSIX does now document ELOOP.
4229 Remove mention of non-standard S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC.
4233 Add mincore(2) to SEE ALSO.
4234 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367401
4238 Note that EINVAL can also be caused by
4239 flags == MS_SYNC | MS_ASYNC.
4243 Add CPU_ISSET, CPU_CLR, CPU_SET, CPU_ZERO to NAME section.
4247 Various minor changes.
4251 Removed much material that is redundant with select.2.
4252 Various other changes.
4256 Substantial rewrite of description of 'mask'.
4263 New links to sched_setaffinity.2
4270 New links to select.2.
4274 Add SEE also referring to ftw.3.
4278 Add SEE also referring to fts.3.
4282 Various minor clarifications.
4286 Clarify that O_EXCL is an open(2) flag.
4290 Fix prototype declaration for 'attr'.
4294 s/sigev_signal/sigev_signo/
4298 New link to mq_getattr.3.
4302 New link to mq_receive.3.
4306 New link to mq_send.3.
4310 Added SEE ALSO referring to rpmatch.3.
4316 New links to sigsetops.3.
4320 Added SEE ALSO referring to unlocked_stdio.3
4321 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367667
4325 Add description of strchrnul().
4329 New link to strchr.3.
4333 Updated to remove some functions that don't exist, and
4334 therefore don't need to be documented.
4335 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367671
4339 Added SEE ALSO referring to stdio.3
4340 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367667
4344 Added section describing relationship between library
4345 interfaces and system calls.
4346 Added SEE ALSO referring to new mq_getsetattr.2.
4348 feature_test_macros.7
4350 Fix typo: s/_POSIX_C_SOURCE/_POSIX_SOURCE/
4353 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.34 ====================
4355 Released: 2006-06-20
4360 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4361 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4363 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho <aris@cathedrallabs.org>
4364 bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
4365 Chris Curtis <chris.curtis@riptidesoftware.com>
4366 Eduardo Madeira Fleury <efleury@br.ibm.com>
4367 Joerg Scheurich <rusmufti@helpdesk.bera.rus.uni-stuttgart.de>
4368 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sf.net>
4369 Kenichi Okuyama <okuyama.kenichi@oss.ntt.co.jp>
4370 Marc Lehmann <debian-reportbug@plan9.de>
4371 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
4372 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
4373 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
4374 Peter Eiserloh <eiserlohpp@yahoo.com>
4375 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
4376 Thomas Dickey <dickey@radix.net>
4377 Walter Harms <wharms@bfs.de>
4379 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4389 Added header comment noting that these pages are in the public
4399 Added following to top of these pages to clarify origin and
4401 .\" This page was taken from the 4.4BSD-Lite CDROM (BSD license)
4407 Eduardo Madeira Fleury, with edits by mtk, and review by Jens Axboe
4408 New page for ioprio_get(2) and ioprio_set(2), new in 2.6.13.
4412 New page describing offsetof() macro.
4415 Changes to individual pages
4416 ---------------------------
4420 Add SEE ALSO referring to exit_group.2.
4424 Add SEE ALSO referring to acct.5.
4428 Explicitly mention term "dnotify" in discussion of F_NOTIFY.
4431 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk
4432 s/<inotify.h>/<sys/inotify.h>/ in prototypes.
4433 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960
4435 Renamed argument from 'path' to 'pathname'.
4436 Reword introductory paragraph to clarify that
4437 inotify_add_watch() may also modify an existing watch item.
4439 The EINVAL error can also occur if 'fd' is not an inotify
4442 Moved BUGS section from this page to inotify.7.
4445 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk
4446 s/<inotify.h>/<sys/inotify.h>/ in prototypes.
4447 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960
4450 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk
4451 s/<inotify.h>/<sys/inotify.h>/ in prototypes.
4452 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960
4454 The EINVAL error can also occur if 'fd' is not an inotify
4459 New link to new ioprio_set.2.
4463 Add SEE ALSO referring to remap_file_pages.2.
4467 s/MNT_FORCE/MNT_EXPIRE/ under EINVAL error.
4471 s/unsigned long flags/int flags/ in SYNOPSIS.
4475 Add SEE ALSO referring to popen.3.
4479 Add SEE ALSO referring to readahead.2.
4483 SEE ALSO for readv should refer to Section 2, not 3.
4487 Add SEE ALSO referring to posix_fadvise.2.
4491 Fix missing arguments in statement about equivalent send()
4496 Add SEE ALSO referring to tcgetsid.3.
4500 Minor wording change at start of DESCRIPTION.
4504 Add SEE ALSO referring to access.2.
4508 Relocated "Note" about f_fsid.
4512 SEE ALSO for writev should refer to Section 2, not 3.
4516 Added license statement (GPL) after consultation with
4521 Add #define _GNU_SOURCE to prototype
4525 Added note about time_t representation on other systems.
4526 Added CONFORMING TO.
4530 A fairly major revision...
4531 Document FTW_ACTIONRETVAL; include .SH "RETURN VALUE";
4532 Reorganized and rewrote much of the page
4533 Added an example program.
4537 Fixed typo in NOTES.
4538 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=370277
4542 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4546 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4550 Add documentation of %m.
4554 Added SEE ALSO referring to ftw.3.
4558 Note that these functions are obsolete in favor of regcomp(3).
4560 Add SEE ALSO referring to regcomp.3
4564 Reworded CONFORMING TO statement on scandir() and alphasort().
4568 Fix prototype for strchrnul().
4572 Add text clarifying treatment of strings starting with
4576 mtk, after comments by Justin Pryzby
4577 Add text noting the need to use open(O_EXCL).
4579 Clarify discussion of use of free(3).
4580 Various other minor changes to text and formatting.
4584 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4587 mtk, after comments by Justin Pryzby
4588 Add text noting the need to use open(O_EXCL).
4589 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4593 Remove offsetof(), which is now documented.
4597 Added SEE ALSO referring to full.4.
4601 Various improvements and corrections.
4605 Added CONFORMING TO section mentioning FreeBSD kqueue and
4608 feature_test_macros.7
4610 Added pointer to location of LFS specification.
4613 mtk, after suggestion by Joey.
4614 Added license statement to page, after discussion with
4615 original author, bert hubert.
4617 Reformat long lines; no content changes.
4621 'path' argument renamed to 'pathname'.
4622 A few minor rewordings.
4623 Added BUGS section describing a couple of bugs.
4627 Add SEE ALSO referring to byteorder.3.
4631 Add SEE ALSO referring to groff_man(7).
4632 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369253
4635 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.35 ====================
4637 Released: 2006-07-06
4642 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4643 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4645 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4646 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
4647 Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
4648 Bauke Jan Douma <bjdouma@xs4all.nl>
4649 Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
4650 Denis Barbier <barbier@linuxfr.org>
4651 Horacio Rodriguez Montero <Horacio.Rodriguez.Montero@galinter.com.ar>
4652 Johan Lithander <johan.lithander@teligent.se>
4653 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4654 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
4655 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
4656 Thorsten Kukuk <kukuk@suse.de>
4658 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4664 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
4672 New page for sync_file_range(2), new in kernel 2.6.17.
4674 Changes to individual pages
4675 ---------------------------
4679 Noted BUG that occurs if 'delta' is specified as NULL.
4680 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6761
4684 Add EADDRNOTAVAIL error.
4686 Make example code more complete.
4689 mtk / Davide Libenzi
4690 Added EPOLLRDHUP description.
4692 Added SEE ALSO referring to poll.2.
4695 mtk / Davide Libenzi
4696 Added POLLRDHUP description.
4698 The correct header file is <poll.h>, not <sys/poll.h>.
4699 Rewrote and reformatted various other parts.
4703 Nowadays, readlink() returns 'ssize_t', as required in
4708 Added license statement.
4712 Add documentation for various new fields.
4715 Horacio Rodriguez Montero
4716 Add explanation of 'x' character in 'password' field.
4718 The proper name of "*" is "asterisk" not "star".
4722 Update RFC reference for ECN.
4724 Add sentence on "low memory" limit for tcp_mem on 32-bit systems.
4727 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.36 ====================
4729 Released: 2006-07-11
4734 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4735 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4737 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4738 Jens Axboe <jans@suse.de>
4739 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4740 Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
4742 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4747 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
4755 How to maintain man-pages.
4759 Things that it would be nice to get done for man-pages one day.
4761 scripts/FIXME_list.sh
4763 This script, intended for use by manual page maintainers,
4764 displays the FIXMEs in the manual page source files.
4766 Changes to individual pages
4767 ---------------------------
4772 Added SEE ALSO referring to sync_file_range.2.
4776 Fix description of 'offset' argument to explain the case
4777 where 'offset' is NULL.
4781 Add SEE ALSO referring to fdopen.3.
4785 Removed information about Section 3 subsections -- it doesn't
4786 reflect current reality, and probably never has.
4788 Added SEE ALSO referring to intro.2.
4792 Correction: tcp_window_scaling is ENabled by default.
4795 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.37 ====================
4797 Released: 2006-08-02
4802 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4803 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4805 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4806 Dean Gaudet <dean@arctic.org>
4807 Frank van Viegen <F.C.vanViegen@UTwente.nl>
4808 Helmut Grohne <helmut@subdivi.de>
4809 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
4810 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
4811 Ville Skyttä <ville.skytta@iki.fi>
4813 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4818 Thomas Huriaux / mtk
4820 Various formatting problems found as a result of reviewing the
4821 following command were fixed.
4823 for a in $(wc -l man?/*.?| awk '$1 > 2 {print $2}' | grep -v total); do
4824 echo $a; groff -Tascii -wmac -mman $a > /dev/null;
4827 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=378544
4829 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
4836 mtk (after prompting from Ivana Varekova)
4837 New page for readlinkat(2), new in kernel 2.6.16.
4839 Changes to individual pages
4840 ---------------------------
4844 Document "-u" option.
4848 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on current working directory.
4852 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on root directory.
4855 Frank van Viegen / mtk
4856 Fix description of EBADF error.
4860 Add text noting that effective IDs are copied to
4861 saved set-IDs during execve().
4862 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=379297
4866 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on interval timers.
4870 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on resource limits.
4874 Noted effect of fork() and execve().
4878 Some rewording; included text describing required file
4883 Revised description of standards under CONFORMING TO.
4887 Point out that args following 'argc' are int.
4889 Added an example program.
4890 Various minor wording fixes.
4894 Expand description of MAP_POPULATE.
4895 mtk, after prompting by Dean Gaudet
4896 Expand description MAP_NONBLOCK.
4898 Various minor formatting fixes.
4902 Added SEE ALSO linking to readlinkat.2.
4906 Noted buggy behavior in Linux 2.4 and earlier when
4907 nanosleep() is restarted after receiving stop+SIGCONT signals.
4911 Very minor rewording.
4915 Added SEE ALSO linking to readlinkat.2.
4917 sched_setscheduler.2
4919 Noted preservation of scheduling parameters across execve().
4923 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on process group ID.
4927 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on session ID.
4931 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on umask.
4935 Noted inheritance of registrations across fork().
4939 Added material on privileges required for move_pages().
4940 CLONE_NEWNS needs CAP_SYS_ADMIN.
4941 keyctl(KEYCTL_CHOWN) and keyctl(KEYCTL_SETPERM) require
4945 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.38 ====================
4947 Released: 2006-08-03
4952 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4953 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4955 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4957 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4964 There was a major reworking of the CONFORMING TO sections
4965 in most manual pages.
4967 * generally try to rationalize the names used for standards.
4968 The preferred names are now documented as the head words
4969 of the list in standards(7). For the future: there is
4970 probably no need to talk about anything more than
4971 C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001 (or later), xBSD, and SVr4.
4972 (In particular, I've eliminated most references to XPG
4973 and SVID, replacing them with references to SUS or SVr4.)
4975 * eliminate discussion of errors that can occur on other
4976 systems. This information exists only patchily in the
4977 manual pages, is probably of limited use, is hard to maintain,
4978 and was in some cases simply wrong (and probably always was).
4980 * Tried to ensure that those interfaces specified in C99 or
4981 POSIX.1-2001 are marked as such in their manual pages.
4989 feature_test_macros.7
4991 Added SEE ALSO referring to new standards.7.
4995 Changed instances of "HP UX" to "HP-UX".
4999 Changed instances of "DG-UX to "DG/UX"
5001 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5009 Based on material taken from intro.2, but expanded to
5010 include discussion of many additional standards.
5012 Changes to individual pages
5013 ---------------------------
5017 Minor wording change for ENOTSOCK error.
5021 Removed information on standards to new standards.7.
5024 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.39 ====================
5026 Released: 2006-08-05
5031 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5032 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5034 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
5036 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5043 Updated CONFORMING TO and/or standards references
5044 in various pages that were missed for 2.38.
5046 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5049 Changes to individual pages
5050 ---------------------------
5055 _XOPEN_SOURCE=500 also gets fchdir() prototype.
5059 Added a few more standards, and expand some explanations.
5062 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.40 ====================
5064 Released: 2006-09-04
5069 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5070 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5072 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
5073 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
5074 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
5075 Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
5076 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
5077 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
5078 Toralf Förster <toralf.foerster@gmx.de>
5080 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5097 mtk (after a note by Alain Portal)
5098 Make naming of 'pathname' argument consistent; various
5101 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5104 Changes to individual pages
5105 ---------------------------
5109 Reinstate text on CLONE_DETACHED, and add a few words.
5113 Added list of process attributes that are not preserved on exec().
5116 mtk, after a suggestion by Christoph Hellwig
5117 Greatly expanded, to describe all attributes that differ
5118 in parent and child.
5122 Document AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW (new in 2.6.18).
5126 Memory policy is preserved across execve().
5130 SEE ALSO for writev should refer to Section 2, not 3.
5131 (i.e., really make the change that was logged in 2.34)
5134 Samuel Thibault / mtk
5135 Fix SYNOPSIS and CONFORMING TO text for getwd() and
5137 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=381692
5141 Document /proc/PID/auxv.
5145 Restore text accidentally deleted in 2.39.
5149 Change references to "1003.2" to "POSIX.2".
5152 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.41 ====================
5154 Released: 2006-10-12
5159 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5160 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5162 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
5163 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
5164 Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
5165 Britton Leo Kerin <bkerin_rb@letterboxes.org>
5166 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
5167 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
5168 Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>
5169 Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
5170 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
5171 Kevin Ryde <user42@zip.com.au>
5172 Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
5173 Senthil Kumar <senthilkumar_sen@hotpop.com>
5174 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
5175 Stuart MacDonald <stuartm@connecttech.com>
5176 Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
5178 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5184 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5194 Jens Axboe / Michael Kerrisk
5196 http://lwn.net/Articles/118760/
5197 http://lwn.net/Articles/178199/
5198 http://lwn.net/Articles/179492/
5199 http://kerneltrap.org/node/6505
5200 http://lwn.net/Articles/179434/
5202 Changes to individual pages
5203 ---------------------------
5207 Note glibc version where "ldd -u" appeared.
5211 The PR_SET_NAME setting is not preserved across an execve().
5215 Mappings marked with madvise(MADV_DONTFORK) are not inherited
5220 Noted that sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX) is preferred in portable
5225 Noted that sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) is preferred in portable
5227 _SC_PAGE_SIZE is available on most systems.
5231 Document MADV_REMOVE, new in 2.6.16.
5232 Document MADV_DONTFORK / MADV_DOFORK, new in 2.6.16.
5235 mtk / Trond Myklebust
5236 MNT_FORCE can cause data loss.
5240 Added note on Linux's old (pre-2.6.12) buggy treatment of
5243 Added some EINVAL errors.
5247 Remove superfluous "#include <unistd.h>" from SYNOPSIS.
5251 Added EBUSY error for case where MS_INVALIDATE is applied to
5256 Since 2.6.18, POSIX_FADV_NOREUSE is a no-op.
5259 Marcel Holtmann / mtk
5260 Since kernel 2.6.18, setting 2 for PR_SET_DUMPABLE is no longer
5263 Updated Linux versions where the options where introduced.
5264 Added PR_SET_TIMING, PR_GET_TIMING, PR_SET_NAME, PR_GET_NAME,
5265 PR_SET_UNALIGN, PR_GET_UNALIGN, PR_SET_FPEMU, PR_GET_FPEMU,
5266 PR_SET_FPEXC, PR_GET_FPEXC.
5268 Document PR_GET_ENDIAN and PR_SET_ENDIAN.
5272 Add "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to SYNOPSIS.
5276 Noted that sync_file_range() appeared in kernel 2.6.17.
5280 Noted interactions with fork handlers in multithreaded programs.
5284 Added feature test macros to SYNOPSIS.
5287 mtk / aeb / Kevin Ryde
5288 Fix broken text in description.
5289 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386214
5293 Fix broken text in description.
5294 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386214
5298 Fix return type in SYNOPSIS; should be "ssize_t" not "mqd_t".
5299 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=387551
5303 Fix wording referring to the use of strcmp() in 'compar'
5305 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=391402
5309 Added SEE ALSO referring to new splice.2 page.
5313 Documented IUTF8 (which was new in kernel 2.6.4).
5317 Added some TZ examples.
5318 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386087
5322 Added delayacct_blkio_ticks (new in 2.6.18) to /proc/PID/statm.
5325 Stuart MacDonald / Andi Kleen
5326 Fix discussion for TCP error queue /IP_RECVERR on TCP.
5330 Noted effect of RLIMIT_STACK resource limit for NPTL.
5334 Place socket options in alphabetical order.
5337 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.42 ====================
5339 Released: 2006-11-24
5344 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5345 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5347 Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
5348 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
5349 Doug Goldstein <cardoe@gentoo.org>
5350 Eduard Bloch <blade@debian.org>
5351 Evan Teran <eteran@alum.rit.edu>
5352 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
5353 Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
5354 Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
5355 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
5357 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5363 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5367 Changes to individual pages
5368 ---------------------------
5372 Add text describing behavior of the Linux brk() system call
5373 and point out that the glibc brk() wrapper provides different
5376 Note that sbrk() is implemented as a library function in glibc
5377 that calls the brk() system call.
5381 FUTEX_FD is scheduled for removal in June 2007.
5385 Ulrich Drepper, with edits by mtk
5386 Add text describing Internationalized Domain Name
5391 Fix description of O_LARGEFILE to mention required feature test
5396 Since Linux 2.6.18, the PID of the new process is also available
5397 for PTRACE_EVENT_VFORKDONE.
5401 Fix header file required for vsyslog() in SYNOPSIS.
5409 Linux 2.4.21 added core_pattern (which was already in 2.6).
5410 Noted a few more reasons why a core dump file might not
5414 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.43 ====================
5416 Released: 2006-11-29
5421 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5422 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5424 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
5425 David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net>
5426 Eduard Bloch <blade@debian.org>
5427 Egmont Koblinger <egmont@uhulinux.hu>
5428 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
5430 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5436 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5440 Changes to individual pages
5441 ---------------------------
5445 Clarify discussion of privilege requirements.
5446 Added ENOMEM to ERRORS.
5450 Clarify description of O_LARGEFILE.
5454 Make description of MD5 output string less ambiguous.
5458 Add C99 to CONFORMING TO; see
5459 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400634
5464 Update the RTC man page to reflect the new RTC class framework:
5466 - Generalize ... it's not just for PC/AT style RTCs, and there
5467 may be more than one RTC per system.
5469 - Not all RTCs expose the same feature set as PC/AT ones; most
5470 of these ioctls will be rejected by some RTCs.
5472 - Be explicit about when {A,P}IE_{ON,OFF} calls are needed.
5474 - Describe the parameter to the get/set epoch request; correct
5475 the description of the get/set frequency parameter.
5477 - Document RTC_WKALM_{RD,SET}, which don't need AIE_{ON,OFF} and
5478 which support longer alarm periods.
5480 - Hey, not all system clock implementations count timer irqs any
5481 more now that the new RT-derived clock support is merging.
5485 s/fseek(3)/lseek(2)/ under /proc/PID/mem entry.
5487 feature_test_macros.7
5489 The LFS spec is now at http://opengroup.org/platform/lfs.html
5494 Describe the correct default for UDP/RAW path MTU discovery.
5497 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.44 ====================
5499 Released: 2007-04-04
5504 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5505 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5507 Andre Majorel <aym-naideb@teaser.fr>
5508 Benjamin Gilbert <bgilbert@cs.cmu.edu>
5509 Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon <carenas@sajinet.com.pe>
5510 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
5511 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
5512 Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
5513 John Ward <jward@idealcorp.com>
5514 Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto <jorgepeixotomorais@gmail.com>
5515 Julien Blache <jblache@debian.org>
5516 Julien Cristau <jcristau@debian.org>
5517 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
5518 Martín Ferrari <martin.ferrari@gmail.com>
5519 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
5520 Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
5521 Nick Pollitt <npollitt@mvista.com>
5522 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
5523 Pádraig Brady <P@draigBrady.com>
5524 Premysl Hruby <dfenze@gmail.com>
5525 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
5526 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
5527 Serge E. Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
5528 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
5529 Timo Sirainen <tss@iki.fi>
5530 Val Henson <val_henson@linux.intel.com>
5532 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5539 mtk, after a bit of prodding by Reuben Thomas
5540 A brief discussion of the old System V termio interface,
5541 with pointers to pages that will contain the information
5542 that the reader probably wants.
5544 scripts/find_repeated_words.sh
5546 Find consecutive duplicate words in a man page, some of
5547 which may be grammar errors.
5554 Add "#define _ATFILE_SOURCE" to SYNOPSIS in following pages:
5572 Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since
5573 that is the manual page more likely to be found on current systems.
5576 mtk, after a suggestion by Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
5577 Updated various header pages to accurately reflect which functions
5578 are and are not part of C89. Also fixed/improved a few other
5579 CONFORMING TO entries.
5583 s/Unices/Unix systems/ on the 5 pages where it appears.
5587 Wrapped long source lines in the following files
5632 Added a SEE ALSO reference for feature_test_macros(7) to all
5633 pages where a feature test macro appears in the SYNOPSIS.
5637 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to time.7
5645 Fixed consecutive duplicate word typos on a number of pages.
5647 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5648 places. (Special thanks to Nicolas François!)
5651 Changes to individual pages
5652 ---------------------------
5656 Since 2.6.20, access() honors the MS_NOEXEC mount flag.
5657 Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto / mtk
5658 Improve ENOENT description.
5662 Added some detail to the prototype.
5663 Added some notes on IA-64's clone2().
5667 Add text to note that EPOLLRDHUP appeared in kernel 2.6.17.
5671 Various fixes as per
5672 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411177
5673 * s/effective/real/ in description text.
5674 * added <fcntl.h> to synopsis.
5675 * various other changes.
5678 mtk / Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5679 Added a few words to note that RLIMIT_NPROC is really a limit on
5687 Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5688 s%linux/aio.h%libaio.h% in SYNOPSIS.
5689 Changed return type from "long" to "int".
5692 Samuel Thibault / mtk
5693 Fix EINVAL description.
5694 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411777
5698 Kernel 2.6.21 fixes several earlier bugs in mincore().
5700 Remove words "of a file" -- mincore() is describing
5701 memory residence information, not properties of a file.
5703 Rewrote various parts to make the page clearer.
5707 Rewrote and reorganized various parts to be clearer.
5708 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5709 Removed text stating that mmap() never returns 0; that's
5714 Document MS_RELATIME, new in Linux 2.6.20.
5718 On Linux, the error returned when opening a large file on a
5719 32-bit system is actually EFBIG, not EOVERFLOW.
5723 Fix RETURN VALUE description: returns error number of failure.
5727 Various improvements to DESCRIPTION.
5728 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=416012
5732 If sops contains multiple operations, then these are performed
5733 in array order. All Unix systems that I know of do this,
5734 and some Linux applications depend on this behavior. SUSv3
5735 made no explicit statement here, but SUSv4 will explicitly
5736 require this behavior.
5737 Small rewording of explanation of "atomically".
5741 Fix incorrect argument name in DESCRIPTION.
5743 Small wording improvement.
5747 Add reference to ipv6.7 page.
5755 Fix inconsistent argument names in SYNOPSIS and DESCRIPTION.
5759 Small wording clarification.
5762 mtk / Nicolas François
5763 Removed cryptic text under CONFORMING to referring to
5764 "open(2) and NFS". There is no relevant text in open.2 as
5765 far as I (mtk) can see.
5769 Remove sentence "gettimeofday() obsoleting time() on 4.3BSD".
5770 This information is old, and probably no longer relevant.
5771 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=403888
5774 mtk, after an idea from a downstream Fedora patch.
5775 Clarified discussion of /count == 0/ case.
5779 When the parent receives an event with PTRACE_EVENT_* set,
5780 the child is not in the normal signal delivery path. This
5781 means the parent cannot do ptrace(PTRACE_CONT) with a signal
5782 or ptrace(PTRACE_KILL). kill() with a SIGKILL signal can be
5783 used instead to kill the child process after receiving one
5788 Fix glibc version number in description of 'cpusetsize' argument.
5792 Stripped some excess/outdated text from the BUGS section.
5795 mtk / Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto
5796 Add text to clarify that the pointer returned by these
5797 functions may be into some part of 'path'.
5800 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5801 + Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon
5802 Add "#include <stdlib.h>" to example program.
5806 Complete rewrite. The existing page was hard to read,
5807 and the RETURN VALUE description seems to be wrong.
5811 Added getopt() example program.
5813 Add a few words to clarify the operation of the GNU-specific
5814 double-colon feature, which allows options to have optional
5816 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=352139
5823 mtk, after an idea from a downstream Fedora patch.
5824 Clarified description of inet_network().
5836 Small rewording to mention calloc().
5840 Fix return type in SYNOPSIS; as per
5841 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400971
5842 Needs _XOPEN_SOURCE == 600; as per
5843 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400975
5845 s/ptsname/posix_openpt/ in RETURN VALUE
5848 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5849 Add "#define _REGEX_RE_COMP" to SYNOPSIS.
5857 Added .SS headers to give some structure to this page; and a small
5858 amount of reordering.
5860 Added a section on canonical and non-canonical mode.
5862 Enhanced the discussion of "raw" mode for cfmakeraw().
5866 Make description of PARODD a little clearer.
5868 Add SEE ALSO link to tty_ioctl.4
5870 Add SEE ALSO link to console_ioctl.4
5874 Removed BSD prototype from synopsis.
5879 Removed BSD prototype from synopsis.
5883 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5884 s/curses/ncurses/ under SEE ALSO
5887 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5888 Documented "mem=nopentium".
5890 feature_test_macros.7
5892 The default treatment of _POSIX_C_SOURCE changed in glibc 2.4.
5893 mtk, after a suggestion by Justin Pryzby
5894 Added some text warning that the "__" macros that
5895 <features.h> defines internally should never be
5896 directly defined by programs.
5897 mtk, based on notes by Jakub Jelinek
5898 Document _FORTIFY_SOURCE
5899 (See http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-patches/2004-09/msg02055.html )
5901 Document _REENTRANT and _THREAD_SAFE.
5904 mtk / Nicolas François
5905 Remove CONFIGURATION section, since this does not seem to be
5910 Fix data types in associated data structures;
5911 remove nonexistent semzcnt and semncnt fields.
5915 Since kernel 2.6.20, the software clock can also be 300 HZ.
5918 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.45 ====================
5920 Released: 2007-04-05
5925 This release consists mainly of formatting fixes (to a large
5926 number of pages) to achieve greater consistency across pages.
5927 With the exception of the few individual changes noted below,
5928 no changes were made to content.
5930 Changes to individual pages
5931 ---------------------------
5939 Clarified RETURN VALUE text
5943 Rewrote prototype using modern C syntax.
5946 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.46 ====================
5948 Released: 2007-04-06
5953 This release consists mainly of formatting fixes (to a large
5954 number of pages) to achieve greater consistency across pages:
5956 * Most instances of two or more consecutive blank lines in man
5957 page output were shrunk to a single line.
5958 * A number of example programs were reformatted
5959 to more closely match K&R style.
5960 * In various places (mainly code examples), the use of tabs was
5963 With the exception of the few individual changes noted below,
5964 no changes were made to content.
5967 Changes to individual pages
5968 ---------------------------
5972 Add <sys/kdaemon.h> header file to SYNOPSIS.
5974 sched_rr_get_interval.2
5976 Moved timespec definition from SYNOPSIS into description.
5980 Make SYNOPSIS match select.2.
5983 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.47 ====================
5985 Released: 2007-05-04
5990 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5991 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5993 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
5994 John Heffner <jheffner@psc.edu>
5996 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6002 This release consists mainly of changes to source file layout
6003 (wrapped long lines; stripped trailing white space; started new
6004 sentences on new lines).
6006 There is very little change to output formatting or content (see the
6010 Changes to individual pages
6011 ---------------------------
6013 sched_rr_get_interval.2
6015 Remove crufty statement that this system call is not implemented.
6016 The nice interval can be used to control the size of
6017 the round-robin quantum.
6022 Document IP_PMTUDISC_PROBE, which will be in 2.6.22.
6025 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.48 ====================
6027 Released: 2007-05-04
6032 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6033 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6035 Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
6036 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
6038 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6044 This release consists mainly of changes to source file layout
6045 (wrapped long lines; stripped trailing white space; started new
6046 sentences on new lines).
6048 There is very little change to output formatting or content (see the
6053 In various places where it occurred,
6054 s/nonnegative/non-negative/
6058 s/wide character/wide-character/ when used attributively.
6061 Changes to individual pages
6062 ---------------------------
6065 Justin Pryzby / Colin Watson / mtk
6066 .SH doesn't require quotes.
6067 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411303
6070 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.49 ====================
6072 Released: 2007-05-20
6077 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6078 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6080 Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
6081 Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
6082 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
6084 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6092 Documentation of bsd_signal().
6096 Manual page for euidaccess() and eaccess().
6100 Documentation of getsubopt().
6104 Documentation of sysv_signal().
6112 New link to epoll_wait.2.
6116 New link to new euidaccess.3,
6120 New link to sem_wait.3.
6124 New link to sem_wait.3.
6130 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
6134 Changes to individual pages
6135 ---------------------------
6139 Added SEE ALSO ref to new euidaccess.3 page.
6143 Added description of epoll_pwait(), new in kernel 2.6.19.
6147 Add text noting that Linux allows 'argv' and 'envp' to be
6148 NULL, but warning that this is non-standard and non-portable,
6149 and should be avoided in portable programs.
6150 Bug filed (http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8408)
6151 to get this changed, but maybe that won't be done because it
6154 Added an example program.
6156 Expanded the discussion of interpreter scripts and the
6157 'optional-arg' argument of an interpreter script.
6158 For further info, see
6159 http://homepages.cwi.nl/~aeb/std/hashexclam-1.html
6160 http://www.in-ulm.de/~mascheck/various/shebang/
6162 Added text noting that FD_CLOEXEC causes record locks to be
6165 Mention effect of MS_NOSUID mount(2) flag for set-user-ID
6168 Expanded description of handling of file descriptors during
6169 execve(), adding text to note that descriptors 0, 1, and 2
6170 may be treated specially.
6174 Added SEE ALSO ref to new euidaccess.3 page.
6178 Place MAP_* flags list in alphabetical order.
6182 A fairly substantial rewrite, which among other things
6183 fixes the problem reported by Kyle Sluder in
6184 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8399
6185 And added some example code.
6189 Added text referring to the discussion of async-signal-safe
6190 functions in signal(7).
6191 A few other minor formatting and wording changes.
6195 Moved the discussion of async-signal-safe functions to signal(7).
6196 Added text referring to the discussion of async-signal-safe
6197 functions in signal(7).
6198 Added SEE ALSO entries referring to new bsd_signal.3 and
6199 sysv_signal.3 pages.
6203 Clarify discussion of negative zero.
6207 Add SEE ALSO ref to new getsubopt.3.
6211 Describe the glibc/libiconv //TRANSLIT and //IGNORE extensions
6216 Update CONFORMING TO; iswblank() is in POSIX.1-2001.
6220 Definitions for IN_DONT_FOLLOW, IN_MASK_ADD, and IN_ONLYDIR
6221 were added to glibc in version 2.5.
6225 Incorporated (and slightly modified) the text on
6226 async-signal-safe functions that was formerly in signal(2).
6227 Added SEE ALSO entries referring to new bsd_signal.3 and
6228 sysv_signal.3 pages.
6231 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.50 ====================
6233 Released: 2007-05-21
6238 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6239 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6241 Andreas Halter <halter@google.com>
6242 Laird Shaw <netocrat@dodo.com.au>
6243 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
6245 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6250 Most Section 1 man pages are removed
6251 mtk (with help from Mike Frysinger, Laird Shaw, Andreas Halter)
6252 Once upon time Andries added a number of Section 1 manual pages
6253 to man-pages. However, since that time, those pages have not
6254 seen much maintenance, and are not in fact distributed in most
6255 distributions. Instead most distributions supply the
6256 coreutils versions of these pages, which are currently
6257 maintained. In addition, man-pages provides the 1p pages,
6258 which document the portable subset of functionality of these
6259 commands. Since the man1 pages are mostly unneeded, and
6260 out of date, I'm removing them. The following pages disappear:
6284 The following Section 1 pages will be kept:
6291 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.51 ====================
6293 Released: 2007-05-28
6300 (Hopefully) all cross references outside a page now include a
6301 section number. This should permit better resulting output
6302 from a man2html-type conversion.
6306 Convert function formatting of the form "\fBname\fP()" to
6310 Changes to individual pages
6311 ---------------------------
6315 s/futimes/futimesat/ in .SH NAME line.
6319 Put "msgrcv" and "msgsnd" in .SH NAME line.
6323 Add "umount2" to .SH NAME line.
6327 Add "waitid" to .SH NAME line.
6331 Add "getopt_long" and "getopt_long_only" in .SH NAME line.
6335 Add "sem_timedwait" and "sem_trywait" to .SH NAME line.
6339 Add "va_start", "va_arg", "va_end", "va_copy" to .SH NAME line.
6342 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.52 ====================
6344 Released: 2007-05-29
6346 "A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by
6347 little statesmen and philosophers and divines"
6349 Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)
6351 "But damn it, these man pages are a mess!"
6357 Most of the changes below are about bringing greater consistency
6358 to manual pages, including reducing the wide range of .SH
6361 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
6366 Make 'manual' component of .TH line into the string
6367 "Linux Programmer's Manual".
6368 Reason: consistency.
6372 Changed date in .TH line into form YYYY-DD-MM.
6373 Reason: consistency.
6377 Some .SH header lines were made into .SS lines. (One of the aims
6378 here is to reduce the number of non-standard .SH lines.)
6382 Change title .SH sections named "NOTE" to "NOTES", in some cases
6383 also changing the location of the section within the page.
6384 Reason: consistency.
6388 Commented out .SH AUTHOR sections; the right place for
6389 documentation authorship sections is usually comments at the
6390 top of the page source.
6394 Changed .SH HISTORY to .SH VERSIONS.
6395 Reason: in many cases, HISTORY was being used to describe
6396 Linux/glibc version information, as was already done for
6397 VERSIONS sections in other pages.
6401 Removed HISTORY section, or moved it as a subsection or paragraphs
6402 under another section e.g., NOTES.
6403 Reason: there are too many arbitrary section (.SH) names, and
6404 a HISTORY section never was consistently used across Linux
6409 Moved SEE ALSO section to be last section on the page
6410 Reason: consistency -- and this is where SEE ALSO should be!
6414 Relocated GLIBC NOTES as subsection under NOTES
6415 Reason: reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH) names.
6419 Relocated LINUX NOTES as subsection under NOTES
6420 Reason: reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH) names.
6424 Renamed some "AVAILABILITY" sections to "VERSIONS".
6425 Reason: consistency.
6429 Renamed some "DIAGNOSTICS" sections to "RETURN VALUE".
6430 Reason: consistency.
6435 s/\.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES/.SH ENVIRONMENT/
6436 Reason: consistency.
6456 s/return 0/exit(EXIT_FAILURE)/ in main() of function example
6458 Reason: consistency.
6470 Use symbolic constants (EXIT_SUCCESS, EXIT_FAILURE) in calls
6472 Reason: consistency.
6481 Renamed RESTRICTIONS section to NOTES, or moved text in a
6482 RESTRICTIONS section under existing NOTES section.
6483 Reason: consistency, and reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH)
6487 Changes to individual pages
6488 ---------------------------
6492 s/\.SH FURTHER INFORMATION/.SH NOTES/
6496 s/\.SH WARNING/.SH NOTES/
6500 Renamed LINUX HISTORY section to LINUX NOTES, and relocated
6505 Relocated example program and made its .SH title "EXAMPLE".
6509 Move code example into its own EXAMPLE section.
6513 s/\.SH WARNING/.SH NOTES/
6517 s/\.SH "LINUX-SPECIFIC REMARKS"/.SH LINUX NOTES/
6521 Remove section about effect of fork()/exec()/exit(); shmop.2
6522 contains the same text, and it only needs to be said once.
6526 Minor rewording under DESCRIPTION.
6530 Minor wording and formatting changes.
6534 Removed statement that glibc unconditionally exposes declarations
6535 of encrypt() and setkey(), since portable applications must
6536 use <unistd.h> and define _XOPEN_SOURCE to obtain the declarations
6537 of setkey() and encrypt(). Adjusted example program accordingly.
6545 Minor wording and formatting changes.
6549 Substantial rewrite, revising and extending the discussion
6550 about desired conventions for writing pages.
6551 There will be further updates to this page in the next few
6555 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.53 ====================
6557 Released: 2007-05-30
6559 "A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by
6560 little statesmen and philosophers and divines"
6562 Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)
6564 "But damn it, these man pages are a mess!"
6572 Reordered sections to be more consistent, in some cases renaming
6573 sections or shifting paragraphs between sections.
6577 In various pages in this section, .SH headings were
6581 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.54 ====================
6583 Released: 2007-06-07
6588 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6589 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6591 Emmanuel Mogenet <emogenet@google.com>
6592 Michael Berg <michaeljberg@gmail.com>
6594 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6602 Where there is an instruction in the SYNOPSIS about linking
6603 or compiling with a certain option, the option is now
6604 marked up in italics (e.g., "\fI-lm\fP").
6608 Added page numbers to page cross references.
6612 s/manpage/man page/, for consistency.
6614 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
6623 A description of the conventions that should be followed
6624 when writing pages for the man-pages package.
6631 Already deleted most of the man1 pages previously, so
6632 this doesn't need to stay.
6636 Removed this page since it is out of date, and the proper place
6637 to go for up-to-date information is http://www.tldp.org/
6641 Reason: this was the only Section 9 page, and it is old
6642 (Linux 2.4). The man9 section never took off as an idea, and
6643 I see little point in keeping a Section 9 with just a single
6647 Changes to individual pages
6648 ---------------------------
6652 Moved some material out of here into new man-pages.7.
6656 Minor rewrites, eliminating some duplication, and removing
6661 Fix broken link path;
6662 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=425570
6666 Remove misleading text about setting O_ASYNC when calling
6667 open(); one must use fcntl() F_SETFL for this task.
6671 Converted outdated BUGS note about fdatasync() being
6672 equivalent to fsync() on Linux 2.2 into a NOTES note
6673 about this historical behavior.
6677 Small rewording to fix "fails with the error EWOULDBLOCK"
6678 rather than "returns EWOULDBLOCK".
6679 See Red Hat bug 172828.
6682 mtk, after an observation by Emmanuel Mogenet
6683 A much improved example program.
6685 Significant rewrites and additions to description.
6689 Remove text about the nonexistent BSD mremap() -- too
6690 much information, in my opinion.
6694 Added ERRORS section.
6698 Moved text for "Versions and Library Support".
6702 Small rewording in RETURN VALUE section.
6706 Add EXAMPLE section with a pointer to example in mprotect.2.
6710 Fix return type in SYNOPSIS. Add RETURN VALUE section.
6714 Small rearrangement of text under NOTES.
6718 Rewrite and substantial additional text.
6722 Minor clarifications for text on execlp() and execvp(). Removed
6723 FILES section, since it provides no useful additional info.
6727 Moved link instructions from NOTES to SYNOPSIS.
6728 Added feenableexcept, fedisableexcept, fegetexcept
6733 Added 'putwc' to .SH NAME list.
6737 s/int/socklen_t/ for type of gethostbyaddr() 'len' argument,
6738 and add a few more words in NOTES about the type used here.
6742 Removed remark from NOTES about linking with -lutil; add
6743 text on that point to SYNOPSIS.
6747 Removed redundant remark from NOTES about linking with -lutil
6748 since there is text on that point under SYNOPSIS.
6752 Added SEE ALSO referring to getconf(1).
6756 Revised .SH NAME section.
6760 Minor rearrangement of order of text.
6764 s/exec()/execve(2)/ in various places.
6768 Changed "atan(1)" to "atan(1.0)" to prevent some versions of
6769 man2html(1) from mistaking that string as a page cross reference.
6773 Small restructuring to avoid 'cannot adjust line' from man(1).
6777 Removed now very out-of-date sentence about need to link shared
6782 Various text was moved out of this page into the new man-pages.7.
6786 Added SEE ALSO referring to new man-pages.7.
6790 A few changes, hopefully done right, to eliminate some
6791 errors to stderr when rendering with man(1).
6795 Shorten a line in table so it fits in 80 columns.
6796 Minor rewording under BUGS.
6800 Moved EXIT STATUS section.
6803 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.55 ====================
6805 Released: 2007-06-10
6810 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6811 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6813 Alexander Taboriskiy <alextab@math-solution.com>
6814 Joey Hess <joeyh@debian.org>
6815 John Reiser <jreiser@bitwagon.com>
6816 Julien Cristau <jcristau@debian.org>
6817 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
6818 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
6819 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
6820 Serge van den Boom <svdb@stack.nl>
6821 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
6822 Xose Vazquez Perez <xose.vazquez@gmail.com>
6824 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6844 mtk, after a note by Mike Frysinger
6845 Updated to reflect the fact that the _syscallN() macros
6850 Change reference to path_resolution.2 to path_resolution.7.
6852 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
6859 path_resolution.2 has been moved to section 7, thus path_resolution.7
6861 Reason: this is an overview page, not one describing as
6862 a specific system call.
6865 Changes to individual pages
6866 ---------------------------
6869 mtk, after a note from Xose Vazquez Perez
6870 Added pointer to Red Hat man-pages bugzilla.
6872 Added a release philosophy note on separating out big
6873 formatting changes into their own release that contains minimal
6878 Add new EXAMPLE section with pointer to example in bind.2.
6882 Added RETURN VALUE section.
6886 Expand example program, and move it to new EXAMPLE section.
6887 Added text pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6891 Convert NOTES section to CONFORMING TO and note that
6892 this call is Linux-specific.
6893 Other minor rewordings.
6897 Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6906 Small rewrite of SEE ALSO text pointing to Documentation/* in
6911 Added ERRORS heading
6916 Added an ERRORS section.
6920 Added a RETURN VALUE section.
6924 Added an ERRORS section (stating that the calls are
6929 Add SEE ALSO reference to ioctl.2.
6933 Add new EXAMPLE section with pointer to example in bind.2.
6936 Martin (Joey) Schulze
6941 Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6943 sched_get_priority_max.2
6944 sched_rr_get_interval.2
6945 sched_setscheduler.2
6952 Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6956 Added an ERRORS section (stating that the call is
6960 mtk, after a note from Alexander Taboriskiy
6961 Strengthen warning against the use of signal().
6962 Added siginterrupt(3) to SEE ALSO list.
6964 Rewrote various parts; added an ERRORS section.
6968 Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6972 Added EXAMPLE program.
6976 Converted to -man format; some rewrites; added an EXAMPLE.
6980 Improved the example program.
6984 Add text pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6988 Add example programs.
6989 Add getnameinfo() to SEE ALSO list.
6992 mtk / Serge van den Boom
6993 Clarify discussion of what happens if 'src' and 'dest' overlap.
6997 Add grep(1) to SEE ALSO list.
7000 mtk after a note from Ulrich Drepper
7001 Clarify discussion of feature test macros that are needed to
7002 expose System V and BSD versions of this function in glibc.
7006 Removed some functions that have been documented.
7009 Martin (Joey) Schulze
7010 Remove wscanf.3 from SEE ALSO list, since that page does not exist.
7014 Removed outdated note on xdm.
7015 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=418009
7016 Martin (Joey) Schulze
7017 Removed outdated note about Debian and libc5.
7020 Martin (Joey) Schulze
7021 Fix order of commands listed under 'init='.
7025 Add /media, remove /dos.
7026 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=418234
7030 Added text describing what happens when the buffer given to
7031 read(2) is too small to return information about the next event,
7032 and noting the behavior change in 2.6.21.
7036 Added text to note that ERRORS list should be in alphabetical order.
7041 Added SEE ALSO reference to groff_mdoc(7).
7045 Added EXAMPLE section with pointer to bind.2 EXAMPLE.
7049 Simplify text describing --inhibit-rpath.
7050 mtk, after a note by John Reiser
7051 Describe use of $ORIGIN in rpath.
7054 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.56 ====================
7056 Released: 2007-06-11
7063 Removed version numbers in .TH lines.
7064 Reason: these were only arbitrarily updated, and so impart no
7065 useful information. Version information goes into a
7066 VERSIONS section nowadays, and the date in the .TH line should
7067 be updated to reflect the date of the last (significant)
7070 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
7074 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.57 ====================
7076 Released: 2007-06-17
7081 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7082 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7084 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
7086 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7094 Fix section numbers in page cross references.
7097 Changes to individual pages
7098 ---------------------------
7102 Minor wording fixes.
7103 Small clarification of description of 'mode'.
7107 Small reworking of EXAMPLE program.
7111 Minor wording fixes.
7115 Added more detail on exit handlers.
7116 Minor wording fixes.
7120 Remove SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent mt.4.
7123 Samuel Thibault / mtk
7124 In Linux 2.6, the 'modify_ldt_ldt_s' structure was renamed
7126 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=378668
7128 Include definition of 'user_desc' structure.
7133 Small reworking of EXAMPLE program.
7137 Removed reference to nonexistent sigsend(2).
7141 Remove SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent itoa.3.
7145 Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent time.3.
7149 Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent fcrypt.3.
7153 Small reworking of EXAMPLE program.
7157 Remove SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent fclean.3.
7161 s/ttyname(0)/ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)/ in program example.
7165 s/exit(1)/exit(EXIT_FAILURE)/
7169 Correct some section numbers in page cross references.
7173 Modify requirements for example programs a little.
7177 Wrapped long source lines.
7180 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.58 ====================
7182 Released: 2007-06-24
7187 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7188 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7190 Marc Boyer <marc.boyer@enseeiht.fr>
7191 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
7193 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7199 Various pages, as detailed below
7201 Added or updated VERSIONS sections.
7225 Add SEE ALSO link to new credentials.7.
7233 An overview of Linux process identifiers (PIDs, PPIDs,
7234 PGIDS, SIDs, UIDs, GIDs).
7237 Changes to individual pages
7238 ---------------------------
7242 Added some comments to example program.
7246 VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3.
7250 Updated discussion of somaxconn limit.
7254 VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3.
7258 VERSIONS: Glibc support has been provided since version 2.2.
7262 Added VERSIONS section.
7266 Updated VERSIONS section with text on glibc support.
7270 VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3.
7274 Added VERSIONS section with info on semtimedop().
7278 VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3.
7282 VERSIONS: Supported since glibc 2.2.4.
7286 Added VERSIONS section.
7290 VERSIONS: Supported since glibc 2.2.1.
7293 mtk after a suggestion by Mike Frysinger
7294 Add text to the introductory part of DESCRIPTION, about the
7295 'size' argument of snprintf() and vsnprintf().
7299 Added VERSIONS section; rewrote info about linking with -lrt.
7303 Improve the discussion of strncat().
7307 Improve the discussion of strncpy().
7311 Added discussion of /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn.
7314 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.59 ====================
7316 Released: 2007-06-25
7321 Manual pages are now standardized on American spelling. See
7322 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_and_British_English_spelling_differences
7323 for more information on the differences. Formerly, different pages (and
7324 sometimes even a single page!) employed American and British spelling
7325 conventions; best to standardize on one spelling, and American English
7326 is the standard in Computer Science.
7328 Changes to individual pages
7329 ---------------------------
7333 Note that man-pages has now standardized on American spelling
7354 Corrected minor spelling/wording mistakes (i.e., changes
7355 independent of fixes for American spelling).
7358 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.60 ====================
7360 Released: 2007-06-25
7368 Wrapped lines in some files.
7372 Change "e.g. " to "e.g., ", or in some cases, "for example, ".
7376 Change "i.e. " to i.e., ", or in some cases, "that is, ".
7380 Removed AUTHORS section.
7382 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
7386 Changes to individual pages
7387 ---------------------------
7391 s/w.r.t/with respect to/
7395 Strengthened warning against use of AUTHORS section.
7398 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.61 ====================
7400 Released: 2007-07-01
7406 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7407 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7409 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
7410 Benno Schulenberg <bensberg@justemail.net>
7411 Florian Ernst <florian_ernst@gmx.net>
7412 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
7413 Jeff Schroeder <jeffschroeder@computer.org>
7414 Joey (Martin) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
7415 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
7416 Loïc Minier <lool@dooz.org>
7417 Michael Gehring <mg@ebfe.org>
7418 Serge van den Boom <svdb@stack.nl>
7419 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
7420 Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
7422 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7430 substitute `\\0' by '\\0'.
7434 s/`/'/ when the thing being quoted is a character.
7443 mtk after a note by Martin (Joey) Schulze
7444 Add NOTES paragraph noting that <sys/types.h> isn't required by
7445 POSIX.1-2001 or Linux, but was required on some implementations.
7458 Replace form `...' with \fI...\fP where the enclosed string
7459 is a pathname, type name, or argument name.
7463 s/process' /process's/
7473 Add section number to page cross references.
7480 Reordered .SH sections.
7487 Made CONFIG/CONFIGURING heading ==> CONFIGURATION
7503 Reformatted headings
7510 mtk, with input from Justin Pryzby and Stefan Puiu
7511 Documents backtrace(), backtrace_symbols(), and
7512 backtrace_symbols_fd().
7519 backtrace_symbols_fd.3
7521 Links to backtrace.3.
7528 Changes to individual pages
7529 ---------------------------
7533 Fix setting of 'prefix' macro.
7537 Fix bad text (concatenated line).
7541 Fixed description of EACCES error.
7542 Added sentence defining "current working directory".
7543 Other minor wording changes.
7547 Added SEE ALSO section.
7555 Minor wording changes.
7559 Fix small wording error.
7563 Add NOTES on what happens if gethostid() can't open /etc/hostid.
7567 Made NOTES text into a VERSIONS section, since that's what it
7572 Minor wording changes.
7576 Rewrite to reflect the fact that the _syscallN
7577 macros are no longer available.
7581 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7585 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7589 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7593 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7597 Fix include in SYNOPSIS.
7599 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7603 Add semtimedop() to SEE ALSO.
7604 Note that some architectures don't have ipc(2); instead
7605 real system calls are provided for shmctl(), semctl(), etc.
7609 Minor wording changes.
7613 Added <sys/types.h> to SYNOPSIS.
7615 sched_setscheduler.2
7617 Add NOTES para about permissions required to call
7618 sched_setscheduler() on other systems.
7622 Noted that 'timeout' can also be changed if select() is
7623 interrupted by a signal.
7627 Remove reference to _syscall0() macro.
7631 Changed text for EINVAL error.
7635 Add recvmsg() and sendmsg() to SEE ALSO.
7636 Note that some architectures don't have socketcall(2); instead
7637 real system calls are provided for socket(), bind(), etc.
7640 Ivana Varekova / mtk
7641 Update text for EPERM error describing the maximum number of
7642 swap files. (From downstream Fedora patch.)
7646 Added details about seekable files and file offset.
7647 Noted that write() may write less than 'count' bytes, and
7648 gave some examples of why this might occur.
7649 Noted what happens if write() is interrupted by a signal.
7650 Minor wording changes.
7654 Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits.
7658 Minor rewrites in code example.
7662 Make SEE ALSO refer to timegm.3
7666 Small wording change.
7670 Comment was missing closing "*/".
7674 Formatting changes, and minor rewordings.
7675 mtk, after a note by Serge van den Boom
7676 Add a comment explaining the need for the rather
7677 strange cast of the return value of dlsym().
7681 Add "isinf" to NAME section.
7689 Minor rewording, and note that '*n* is ignored
7690 if '*lineptr' is NULL.
7693 Ivana Varekova / mtk
7694 Update description of MALLOC_CHECK_ to include description
7695 for value 3. (From downstream Fedora patch.)
7699 Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits.
7703 Minor changes to SYNOPSIS.
7705 program_invocation_name.3
7707 Shortened page title to INVOCATION_NAME.
7711 Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits.
7715 Fix duplicated word "the".
7716 (Really fix http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=412467 !)
7720 Small wording change.
7724 Added a CONFORMING TO section.
7728 Added a CONFORMING TO section.
7734 Note use of "gcc -Wno-format-y2k" to avoid the "`%c' yields only
7735 last 2 digits of year in some locales" warning.
7739 Add "strcasestr" to NAME section.
7743 Small wording change.
7749 Added a CONFORMING TO section.
7753 Small wording changes.
7757 Remove erroneous text saying that glibc does not provide
7758 <ulimit.h>; it does.
7762 Various reformattings.
7766 Added a sentence noting why core dumps named "core.PID" were useful
7771 Fix capitalization in .SS headings.
7777 feature_test_macros.7
7779 Added SEE ALSO section.
7783 Reformatted headings; minor rewrites.
7787 Reformatted headings; minor rewrites.
7790 Loïc Minier <lool@dooz.org>
7791 Document argument type for SO_REUSEADDR.
7792 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=255881
7796 Wrap long line in SYNOPSIS.
7800 Added SEE ALSO section.
7803 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.62 ====================
7805 Released: 2007-07-09
7807 This release consists solely of formatting fixes. There are no changes
7813 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7814 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7816 Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
7818 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7826 Many many formatting fixes.
7830 Add section number to .TH line for POSIX pages in man[013]p.
7833 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.63 ====================
7835 Released: 2007-07-16
7841 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7842 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7844 Arnd Bergmann <arndb@de.ibm.com>
7845 Eduardo M. Fleury <efleury@br.ibm.com>
7846 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
7847 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
7848 Marc Boyer <marc.boyer@enseeiht.fr>
7849 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
7850 Martin Röhricht <martin@roehricht.info>
7851 Patrick Mansfield <patmans@us.ibm.com>
7852 Pierre Habouzit <madcoder@debian.org>
7853 Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
7855 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7875 Minor wording changes.
7881 Added SEE ALSO reference to syscalls.2.
7889 A real man page for sgetmask(2) and ssetmask(2).
7890 (This page replaces a previous link of the same name, which
7891 linked to signal.2.)
7894 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk
7895 Document the PowerPC SPU spu_create() system call.
7896 (Originally taken from the kernel source file
7897 Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.)
7900 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk
7901 Document the PowerPC SPU spu_run() system call.
7902 (Originally taken from the kernel source file
7903 Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.)
7906 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk
7907 Document the PowerPC SPU file system.
7908 (Originally taken from the kernel source file
7909 Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.)
7917 This file was created by accident in 2.61, as a copy of clone.2.
7918 (it should have been a link to clone.2.)
7922 Details on this page are covered in syscalls.2 and in
7923 respective syscall man pages (stat.2, uname.2).
7927 This page is very out of date, and in any case difficult
7928 to maintain. Information about undocumented system calls
7929 is maintained in the HOWTOHELP file, and probably in other
7934 This rather incomplete page seems unnecessary since there
7961 Added as link to corresponding page without "32".
7977 Added as link to corresponding page without "64".
7986 Link to getrlimit.2.
7994 Added as links to corresponding section 3 pages.
7999 Links to posix_fadvise.2.
8006 Added as link to corresponding page without "rt_" prefix.
8015 mtk / Ivana Varekova
8016 Link to unimplemented.2.
8019 Changes to individual pages
8020 ---------------------------
8024 Fairly substantial rewrites of various parts,
8025 and a few additions.
8029 Update SYNOPSIS to reflect the fact that fchmod(2) needs
8030 either "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500" or "#define _BSD_SOURCE".
8034 Update SYNOPSIS to reflect the fact that fchmod(2) and lchown(2)
8035 need either "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500" or "#define _BSD_SOURCE".
8036 Added an example program.
8040 Note that killpg() is actually a library function on Linux.
8044 Added note that glibc mmap() wrapper nowadays invokes mmap2().
8047 Ivana Varekova / mtk
8048 On most platforms the unit for 'offset' is 4096 bytes, not
8049 the system page size.
8051 Rewrote NOTES to note that glibc mmap() wrapper nowadays
8052 invokes this system call.
8054 Added an EXAMPLE program.
8060 Changed link to point to stat.2 (instead of obsolete.2).
8065 Changed link to point to uname.2 (instead of obsolete.2).
8069 Added _GNU_SOURCE to SYNOPSIS.
8073 Remove reference discussion of ipc(2), since none of the
8074 other System V IPC pages mention ipc(2).
8078 Add an example code segment.
8082 Add svipc(7) to SEE ALSO list.
8086 Reformatted tables as lists; other minor reformattings and
8091 Added info on rt_sigqueueinfo(2).
8095 Noted that sigwaitinfo() is a library function implemented on
8096 top of sigtimedwait().
8100 Make this link point to new sgetmask.2 instead of signal.2.
8104 Add notes on the different system call interfaces that
8105 have appeared over time.
8109 A fairly substantial rewrite of this page,
8110 bringing it up to date with the current
8111 kernel version, and listing all system calls
8116 Add notes on the different system call interfaces that
8117 have appeared over time.
8121 Add vserver, madvise1 to NAME line.
8122 Removed SEE ALSO reference to obsolete.2.
8124 Add tuxcall to NAME line.
8128 Fix description of return value.
8132 Minor fix to example program.
8136 Add section numbers to function names; remove some functions
8137 since they are documented.
8141 Update/correct text on /proc/malloc.
8142 mtk, after a note by Pierre Habouzit, and a few comments by Justin Pryzby
8143 Update description of /proc/PID/stat to match 2.6.21.
8144 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=417933
8148 IN_DONT_FOLLOW and IN_ONLYDIR are only available from 2.6.15.
8152 Note SIGRTMIN value depends on glibc.
8154 Various rewrites and additions to the text in real-time signals.
8155 Add SEE ALSO reference to sgetmask.2.
8159 Add ipc(2) to SEE ALSO.
8162 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.64 ====================
8164 Released: 2007-07-27
8170 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
8171 been incorporated in changes in this release:
8173 Aleksandr Koltsoff <czr@iki.fi>
8174 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
8175 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
8177 Apologies if I missed anyone!
8371 Added/updated feature test macro requirements for
8372 glibc; see feature_test_macros.7 for details.
8374 Changes to individual pages
8375 ---------------------------
8387 Fairly substantial changes and corrections, including adding
8388 coverage of all of the interfaces that get/set PGIDs.
8392 Various rewordings; clear up some imprecisions.
8396 Added 'signgam' to SYNOPSIS and NAME line.
8400 Note that the XPG version is provided since glibc 2.3.4.
8401 The page formerly said that the GNU-specific version
8402 is provided by default. That certainly isn't true
8403 nowadays, since _POSIX_C_SOURCE is set to 200112L by
8404 default, so that the XSI-compliant version is supplied
8409 Added note pointing to feature_test_macros.7 for a description
8410 of how feature test macro requirements should be specified in
8411 manual pages. Various other minor fixes and changes.
8413 feature_test_macros.7
8415 Added note about how feature test macros are specified
8417 Many other corrections, improvements, additions, and
8418 details about differences across glibc versions.
8421 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.65 ====================
8423 Released: 2007-09-17
8429 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
8430 been incorporated in changes in this release:
8432 Aleksandr Koltsoff <czr@iki.fi>
8433 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
8434 Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
8435 Ari Entlich <lmage11@twcny.rr.com>
8436 Carsten Emde <Carsten.Emde@osadl.org>
8437 François Diakhate <diakhate@enseirb.fr>
8438 Geoff Clare <gclare@gclare.org.uk>
8439 Jon Burgess <jburgess777@googlemail.com>
8440 Julien Cristau <jcristau@debian.org>
8441 Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
8442 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
8443 Maxime Bizon <mbizon@freebox.fr>
8444 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
8445 Michael Prokop <mika@grml.org>
8446 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
8447 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
8448 Nicolas George <nicolas.george@ens.fr>
8449 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
8450 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
8451 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
8452 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
8453 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
8454 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
8455 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
8456 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.org>
8458 Apologies if I missed anyone!
8464 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
8469 Use 'glibc' consistently to refer to GNU C library.
8473 Order errors under ERRORS alphabetically.
8477 Spelling and formatting fixes, as per
8478 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=439560
8489 Add "#include <stdlib.h>" (to declare exit(3)) to example program.
8497 Description of timeradd(), timersub(), timerclear(),
8498 timerisset(), timercmp() macros for operating on
8507 Somehow, over time, material on fdatasync(2) crept into
8508 fsync.2, and fdatasync also got added to the NAME section
8509 of fsync.2. All of the material in fdatasync.2 that was
8510 not already in fsync.2 has now been moved there, and
8511 the former page has been removed.
8512 In place of the content there, is now a link to fsync.2.
8522 Link to man3/clock_getres.3.
8534 Link to gethostbyaddr.3.
8541 Links to new timeradd.3.
8544 Changes to individual pages
8545 ---------------------------
8549 Make the install target of man-pages respect the standard
8550 "DESTDIR" variable as well as check the exit status of the
8551 install command so errors aren't ignored.
8555 changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" through out the
8556 descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory
8557 policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes.
8559 added requirement to link '-lnuma' to synopsis
8561 rewrite portions of description for clarification.
8563 added all errors currently returned by sys call.
8565 removed cautionary note that use of MPOL_F_NODE|MPOL_F_ADDR
8566 is not supported. This is no longer true.
8568 added mmap(2) to SEE ALSO list.
8572 Since kernel 2.6.22, Linux setitimer() now conforms to POSIX.1,
8573 giving an EINVAL error for a non-canonical tv_usec value.
8577 Replace discussion of timer* macros with a pointer
8578 to new page timeradd.3.
8582 Fixed argument type for BLKGETSIZE.
8587 changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" throughout the
8588 descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory
8589 policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes.
8591 rewrite portions of description for clarification.
8593 clarify interaction of policy with mmap()'d files and shared
8594 memory regions, including SHM_HUGE regions.
8596 defined how "empty set of nodes" specified and what this
8597 means for MPOL_PREFERRED.
8599 mention what happens if local/target node contains no
8602 clarify semantics of multiple nodes to BIND policy.
8603 Note: subject to change. We'll fix the man pages when/if
8606 added all errors currently returned by sys call.
8608 added mmap(2), shmget(2), shmat(2) to SEE ALSO list.
8613 Add text noting that PROT_WRITE may (and on x86 does)
8615 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=441387
8629 Update arches/kernel versions for PR_SET_UNALAIGN / PR_GET_UNALIGN.
8633 Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent fadvise.2.
8637 Place SYNOPSIS comments inside C comments (/* ... */).
8641 Note what thread is affected if 'pid' is specified
8642 as 0, or as the value returned by getpid().
8644 sched_setscheduler.2
8646 Add text on real-time features of mainline Linux kernel.
8650 sync SYNOPSIS with select.2
8655 changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" throughout the
8656 descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory
8657 policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes.
8659 added requirement to link '-lnuma' to synopsis
8661 rewrite portions of description for clarification.
8663 clarify interaction of policy with mmap()'d files.
8665 defined how "empty set of nodes" specified and what this
8666 means for MPOL_PREFERRED.
8668 mention what happens if local/target node contains no
8671 clarify semantics of multiple nodes to BIND policy.
8672 Note: subject to change. We'll fix the man pages when/if
8675 added all errors currently returned by sys call.
8677 added mmap(2) to SEE ALSO list.
8681 s/si_sign/si_errno/ in statement about which field is unused.
8683 s/SIGILL/SIGCHLD/ for paragraph describing SIGCHLD.
8687 Improve text describing underlying system calls.
8691 EINVAL also occurs if target path is on tmpfs or similar.
8692 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=435885
8696 Incorporated material from now deleted fdatasync.2.
8700 Small fix in example program.
8704 Improve text describing underlying system calls.
8707 Vincent Lefevre / mtk
8708 Clarify utimes() behaviour when 'times' is NULL.
8709 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=431480
8711 Other minor clarifications of description of utimes().
8715 s/sign/sign bit/ to remove ambiguity in description.
8716 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=435415
8720 Changed NOTES to VERSIONS.
8724 Add ffsl and ffsll to NAME line.
8728 Removed statement that fts functions are expected to appear
8729 soon in POSIX; it's years old and has not yet come to pass.
8733 Fixes/improvements for example program.
8737 Add getdate_r to NAME section.
8741 Fixes/improvements for example program.
8745 Add documentation for gethostbyaddr_r().
8746 Plus a few other small fixes.
8750 Add gethostbyname2, gethostbyname2_r, gethostbyname_r,
8751 gethostent_r to NAME line.
8755 Fix misnamed function references.
8759 Fix small error in example program.
8763 Add setrpcent and endrpcent to NAME line.
8767 Fix gsignal() prototype.
8771 Add hcreate_r, hdestroy_r, hsearch_r to NAME line.
8775 Correct definition of "struct in_addr".
8783 Add islessequal to NAME line.
8787 Fix CONFORMING TO section.
8788 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=417592
8792 Add log1pf and log1pl to NAME line.
8796 After a call to longjmp(), the values of modified, non-volatile
8797 variables in the function that called setjmp() are unspecified.
8801 Fix makecontext() prototype.
8805 Explain what happens for malloc(0), or calloc() where one of the
8808 Added notes on malloc()'s use of sbrk() and mmap().
8810 Add mmap(2), alloca(3) to SEE ALSO.
8820 Add "Link with -lrt." to SYNOPSIS.
8823 Ulrich Drepper; some edits and additional text by mtk
8824 Document fdopendir().
8827 mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen
8828 Document DT_* constants for d_type.
8829 Ulrich Drepper / mtk
8830 Rework discussion of non-standard structure fields.
8834 Minor improvements to example program.
8838 Add vsyslog to NAME section.
8842 Fix XCASE feature test macro description.
8846 Add return type to prototype.
8850 Improve description of num_threads field under /proc/PID/stat.
8852 Fix path error (s%proc/sys%proc/sys/kernel%) in mentions of
8853 /proc/sys/ostype, /proc/sys/osrelease and proc/sys/version.
8855 I noticed things to correct and to clarify in subsection
8856 "/proc/filesystems" of proc.5:
8857 - clarify filesystems listing: not only FS compiled
8858 into the kernel, also FS kernel modules currently loaded
8859 - add a reference to fs(5)
8860 - add an explanation for FS marked with "nodev"
8861 - s/mount(1)/mount(8)/, also corrected in section "SEE ALSO"
8862 - clarify usage by mount: the current wording may lead to
8863 think /proc/filesystems is always used by mount when no FS
8864 is specified. So, usage of "may" which IMHO is more
8865 appropriate + additional explanations
8866 In mount(8) we can see:
8868 If no -t option is given, or if the auto type is
8869 specified, mount will try to guess the desired type.
8870 If mount was compiled with the blkid library, the
8871 guessing is done by this library. Otherwise, mount
8872 guesses itself by probing the superblock; if that
8873 does not turn up anything that looks familiar,
8874 mount will try to read the file /etc/filesystems,
8875 or, if that does not exist, /proc/filesystems.
8876 All of the filesystem types listed there will be
8877 tried, except for those that are labeled "nodev"
8878 (e.g., devpts, proc and nfs). If /etc/filesystems
8879 ends in a line with a single * only, mount will
8880 read /proc/filesystems afterwards.
8882 Since linux 2.6.11, /proc/stat has an eighth value for cpu
8883 lines: stolen time, which is the time spent in other operating
8884 systems when running in a virtualized environment.
8887 Updated BUGS text referring to jiffies; refer to time.7 instead.
8891 Add words to note that file system ID is Linux specific.
8895 This is some corrections for hier.7:
8896 - missing period for /media and /mnt
8897 - /mnt description is not totally correct, it is true for some
8898 distributions but in others /mnt is used as a temporary FS
8899 mount point, as it is specified by FHS:
8900 http://www.pathname.com/fhs/pub/fhs-2.3.html#MNTMOUNTPOINTFORATEMPORARILYMOUNT
8901 - s/X-Windows/X-Window/ (3 occurrences)
8902 - section "SEE ALSO": s/mount(1)/mount(8)/
8908 mtk / Nicolas François
8909 Nowadays tmac.XXX are called XXX.tmac.
8913 Update text about modern threading implementations
8914 (NPTL vs LinuxThreads).
8917 mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen
8918 Clarify that SO_SNDTIMEO and SO_RCVTIMEO only have effect for
8919 socket I/O calls; not for multiplexing system calls like
8920 select() and poll().
8924 Add SEE ALSO reference to new timeradd.3.
8927 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.66 ====================
8929 Released: 2007-10-01
8935 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
8936 been incorporated in changes in this release:
8938 Amit K. Arora <aarora@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
8939 David Chinner <dgc@sgi.com>
8940 Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org>
8941 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
8942 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
8943 Ollie Wild <aaw@google.com>
8944 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
8946 Apologies if I missed anyone!
8952 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
8960 David Chinner, with some input from Amit Amora and mtk
8961 Describes the fallocate() system call, new in 2.6.23.
8964 Changes to individual pages
8965 ---------------------------
8969 Add text cautioning about use of close() in
8970 multithreaded programs.
8974 Add text describing limit on total size of argv + envp,
8975 and changes that occurred with 2.6.23.
8977 Add getopt(3) to SEE ALSO list.
8980 mtk, Acked by Ulrich Drepper
8981 Added description of O_CLOEXEC (new in 2.6.23) + other
8982 minor fixes for O_DIRECT.
8986 Added description of MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC (new in 2.6.23).
8990 Strengthened the warning against using this system call
8991 and note that it may disappear in a future kernel version.
8995 Fix type definition for 'protocol' in prototypes of pmap_set()
8999 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.67 ====================
9001 Released: 2007-10-08
9007 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9008 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9010 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
9011 Andrew Josey <a.josey@opengroup.org>
9012 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
9014 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9022 mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen and consultation with Andrew Josey.
9023 Add a PROLOG section:
9024 This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.
9025 The Linux implementation of this interface may differ
9026 (consult the corresponding Linux manual page for details
9027 of Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented
9034 Some formatting fixes, mostly to get rid of unwanted
9035 spaces before "," in formatted output.
9040 Change all occurrences of my email address in man-pages source
9041 to my new gmail address.
9045 I noticed useless use of macros with alternating formatting
9046 (".IR" instead ".I" which suffices, ".BR" instead ".B", etc.)
9047 because there is only one element. For example in ldconfig.8:
9052 This is not very important, it only makes the sources more tidy.
9053 To find these I used:
9055 egrep '^\.(B[RI]|R[IB]|I[RB]) ([^ ]+|\"[^\"]\+\")$'
9057 And if you want to make these changes, you can use:
9059 sed 's/^\(\.[BRI]\)[BRI]\( \([^ ]\+\|\"[^\"]\+\"\)\)$/\1\2/g'
9062 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.68 ====================
9064 Released: 2007-11-19
9070 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9071 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9073 A. Costa <agcosta@gis.net>
9074 Andrew McDonald <andrew@mcdonald.org.uk>
9075 Geoff Clare <gclare@gclare.org.uk>
9076 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.cs.tut.fi>
9077 Hyokyong Kim <hyokyong@ppj.kr>
9078 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
9079 Justin Pryzby <jpryzby+d@quoininc.com>
9080 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
9081 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
9082 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
9083 Pádraig Brady <P@draigBrady.com>
9084 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
9085 Timo Juhani Lindfors <timo.lindfors@iki.fi>
9086 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
9088 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9106 mtk, after http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=445436
9107 by Timo Juhani Lindfors
9108 Added <fcntl.h> to SYNOPSIS.
9110 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9118 Created as a new page, by taking the content specific to
9119 the _syscall() macros from intro(2).
9122 Changes to individual pages
9123 ---------------------------
9129 man-pages-*-Announce
9131 Brought the info in here up to date.
9135 Added intro paragraph about section, plus a paragraph
9136 about exit status values.
9137 Move "user intro" text to NOTES.
9141 Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically
9145 Pretty much a complete rewrite, covering some additional topics.
9146 Moved _syscallN() material to new _syscall(2) page.
9150 Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically
9154 Fix syntax error in example program.
9158 Linux 2.6.22 added support on Alpha for PR_SET_UNALIGN.
9161 Nicolas François / mtk
9162 s/PTRACE_POKEUSR/PTRACE_POKEUSER/
9163 s/PTRACE_PEEKUSR/PTRACE_PEEKUSER/
9167 Add text describing timerfd EINVAL error for read(2).
9171 Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically
9175 Added _syscall(2) and intro(2) to SEE ALSO section.
9179 Added fallocate(2); removed timerfd(2).
9183 Removed reference to example in intro(2).
9187 Added "Link with -ldl." to SYNOPSIS.
9190 Ulrich Drepper / mtk
9191 Remove references to getipnodebyname.3 and getipnodebyaddr.3.
9194 mtk / Ulrich Drepper
9195 Remove SEE ALSO references to getipnodebyname.3 and
9198 Pádraig Brady / mtk / Ulrich Drepper
9199 Point out that the functions described on this page
9200 are made obsolete by getaddrinfo(3) and getnameinfo(3).
9204 Clarify that glibc does not implement these functions.
9207 Ulrich Drepper / mtk
9208 Fix description of GLOB_ONLYDIR.
9210 Added description of GLOB_TILDE_NOMATCH.
9211 Expanded the description of various flags.
9212 Various wording fixes..
9216 Pretty much a complete rewrite, covering some additional topics.
9220 Add SEE ALSO referring to fallocate.2.
9224 Add some arg declarations to prototypes; fix typos.
9228 Fix text in BUGS section.
9232 The sigset() bugs were fixed in glibc 2.5.
9233 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=1951
9241 Various small corrections, formattings and modifications.
9246 - new p_flag: PT_GNU_STACK
9247 - new sections: .gnu.version .gnu.version_d .gnu.version_r
9249 - new structures: ElfN_Verdef ElfN_Verdaux ElfN_Verneed
9257 Ivana Varekova / mtk
9258 Add text noting that since kernel 2.6.16, /proc/slabinfo is
9259 only available if CONFIG_SLAB is enabled.
9261 Update description of /proc/pci.
9263 Give italic formatting to file names in proc.5.
9265 The display type of the /proc/PID/stat fields changed
9266 %lu to %u in Linux 2.6.22:
9272 Ivana Varekova / mtk
9273 Add text noting that since kernel 2.6.16, /proc/slabinfo is
9274 only available if CONFIG_SLAB is enabled.
9282 Update references to files in kernel "Documentation" directory.
9290 Fix description of IPV6_ROUTER_ALERT option.
9294 Note online location of C99 standard.
9298 Some rewrites, plus new paragraph on exit status values.
9301 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.69 ====================
9303 Released: 2007-12-03
9309 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9310 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9312 Adam Borowski <kilobyte@angband.pl>
9313 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
9314 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
9315 J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
9316 David Härdeman <david@hardeman.nu>
9317 Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
9318 Luke Browning <lukebr@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
9319 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
9320 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
9321 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
9322 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
9323 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
9325 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9333 Many whitespace clean-ups in formatted output.
9340 David Härdeman / mtk
9341 Rename error handling function in example program
9342 (s/die/handle_error/).
9344 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9353 The content of these files is now available in HTML format.
9363 Changes to individual pages
9364 ---------------------------
9368 Added "Linux User's Manual" to .TH line.
9372 Remove outdated text about pointer blocks for syscalls that have
9373 more than 5 arguments.
9377 Add warning that mandatory locking is unreliable.
9379 Clarify details in description of file leases.
9380 J. Bruce Fields / mtk
9381 Minor wording edits.
9383 Add F_GETLEASE under RETURN VALUE.
9387 Handle errors using a custom handle_error() macro.
9389 sched_setscheduler.2
9391 Add BUGS text noting that the return value from Linux
9392 sched_setschuler() does not conform to POSIX.
9396 Various updates and improvements.
9398 Refinement of text describing a "gang".
9404 Various updates and improvements.
9410 Remove HISTORY section.
9414 Document 'e' (close-on-exec) option, new in glibc 2.7.
9418 Remove HISTORY section.
9421 Andries E. Brouwer / mtk
9422 Fix the discussion of stdarg macros in the description of
9423 vprintf() description.
9427 Handle errors using a custom handle_error() macro.
9431 Note that sigset_t objects must be initialized
9432 with sigemptyset() or sigfillset() before the other
9433 macros are employed.
9436 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
9437 Added cfsetspeed() to SYNOPSIS. Added text under CONFORMING TO
9438 noting that cfsetspeed() is BSD specific.
9442 Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since
9443 that is the manual page more likely to be found on current
9444 systems. (Completes changes that were made in man-pages-2.44.)
9447 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
9448 Move "Configuration" section to top of page (like other
9449 section 4 pages) and make it a .SH section.
9453 Re-ordered CONFIGURATION section to go before DESCRIPTION.
9457 Fix reference to kernel Documentation file.
9461 Renamed HISTORY section to NOTES, and removed BSD specific info.
9465 Mention grub(8) in same sentence as lilo(8).
9467 Improve description of /proc/sys/abi and
9468 /proc/sys/kernel/modprobe.
9472 Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since
9473 that is the manual page more likely to be found on current
9474 systems. (Completes changes that were made in man-pages-2.44.)
9478 Reverse the 2.68 change applied by mtk in response to
9479 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=445085
9480 that replaced "Sorbian" with "Serbian".
9481 (Sorbian is a language of 50000 people in Brandenburg.)
9485 Added CONFIGURATION to list of "standard" section names.
9489 Various updates and improvements.
9495 Fix reference to kernel Documentation file.
9498 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.70 ====================
9500 Released: 2007-12-06
9508 Remove section numbers for page references where the
9509 reference refers to the page itself. (This stops man2html
9510 producing links from a page back to itself.)
9512 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9515 Changes to individual pages
9516 ---------------------------
9520 Add CONFORMING TO section.
9524 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9528 Add CONFORMING TO section.
9532 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entries.
9536 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9540 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9541 Add SEE ALSO referring to vmsplice(2).
9545 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9546 Add SEE ALSO referring to ccos(3).
9550 Add gethostbyaddr_r to NAME section.
9554 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9565 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.71 ====================
9567 Released: 2007-12-14
9573 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9574 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9576 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
9577 John Sigler <linux.kernel@free.fr>
9578 Josh Triplett <josh@freedesktop.org>
9579 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
9580 Pascal MALAISE <malaise@magic.fr>
9581 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
9583 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9599 Replaced the use of mdoc macros on these pages with man
9600 macros. The only pages in man-pages that still use
9601 mdoc macros are mdoc.7 and mdoc.samples.7.
9603 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9611 This information is now on the website.
9614 Changes to individual pages
9615 ---------------------------
9619 Reformat various change log entries to use a consistent format.
9620 Expand Debian bug report numbers to be URLs.
9621 Other minor tidy-ups.
9625 Document the F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC operation, which is
9626 new in kernel 2.6.24.
9630 Fix incorrect path for somaxconn.
9634 Add ENOENT error to ERRORS.
9638 Add documentation of _SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF and _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN.
9642 Add tty_ioctl(4) to SEE ALSO list.
9645 Pascal MALAISE <malaise@magic.fr>
9646 Separate text on back references from that describing basic regexps,
9647 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=379829.
9649 Remove crufty text about word boundaries.
9652 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.72 ====================
9654 Released: 2007-12-14
9660 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9661 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9663 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
9664 Alex Tuninga <atuninga@google.com>
9665 Bert Wesarg <bert.wesarg@googlemail.com>
9666 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
9667 Rob Weryk <rjweryk@uwo.ca>
9668 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
9670 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9678 Format include files consistently (".I <.*\.h>").
9682 Format pathname in italics (.I).
9688 Remove brackets ([]) around error names.
9696 mtk / Maxime Vaudequin
9697 Some systems have mingetty(8), others have agetty(8), so both
9698 should be mentioned when we are talking about getty-style programs.
9701 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9725 Link to filesystems.5.
9728 Changes to individual pages
9729 ---------------------------
9733 Fix declaration of 'offset' in SYNOPSIS.
9737 s/SETGUID/SETEUID/ in .TH line.
9741 Fixed include files references / formatting.
9744 mtk, after a note by Alex Tuninga
9745 A fairly significant rewrite to clarify operation of abort().
9749 s/envz/envz_add/ in SEE ALSO.
9753 s/DIRNAME/BASENAME/ in .TH line, and swap function names
9758 s/argz/argz_add/ in SEE ALSO.
9762 s/LOCKFILE/FLOCKFILE/ in .TH line.
9766 s/GETGRENT/GETGRENT_R/ in .TH line.
9770 Reformat function list at end of page as a proper table.
9774 Revert earlier s/getty/mingetty/. This page talks about
9775 historical behavior, and that means "getty(8)".
9779 Remove reference to "obstack stuff"; it's not clear what
9784 s/CONSOLE_IOCTLS/CONSOLE_IOCTL/ in .TH line.
9788 s/fs (5)/filesystems (5)/
9792 Improve discussion of formatting of file names.
9795 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.73 ====================
9797 Released: 2007-12-14
9803 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9804 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9806 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
9807 Pádraig Brady <P@draigBrady.com>
9808 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
9810 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9820 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9823 Changes to individual pages
9824 ---------------------------
9827 mtk, after a report by Reuben Thomas
9828 Clarify use of mkfifo() versus mknod().
9829 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=455825
9841 Noted feature test macro requirements.
9842 BUGS: noted that iruserok() is not declared in glibc headers.
9846 Added Reiserfs, XFS, JFS to list of file systems.
9849 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.74 ====================
9851 Released: 2007-12-20
9857 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9858 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9860 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
9861 Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
9862 David Brown <lkml@davidb.org>
9863 Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
9864 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
9865 Sam Morris <sam@robots.org.uk>
9866 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
9867 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
9869 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9889 Make the standard indent for code samples, shell session
9890 logs, etc. to be ".in +4n".
9892 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9895 Changes to individual pages
9896 ---------------------------
9900 Nowadays there is _syscall6() also.
9904 Various minor formatting changes.
9908 Fix types in structs.
9912 mtk, after a note by Sam Morris
9913 Clarify that MS_NODIRATIME provides a subset of the
9914 functionality provided by MS_NOATIME.
9918 Minor rearrangement of text.
9922 Fix (my) typos in argument names.
9927 We can use context FDs for the dirfd argument to the *at() syscalls.
9930 mtk, after a note from David Brown and Andrew Morton
9931 http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=119447727031225&w=2
9932 Rework the text describing the return value to be closer
9933 to the requirements of POSIX.1; move Linux details
9934 to NOTES and add a warning not to rely on those details.
9935 Add a warning about the -1 to -4095 bug which results
9936 in a 41 second window where the glibc wrapper will wrongly
9937 return -1 indicating an error.
9939 Remove cruft HZ text.
9940 Clarify text describing return value of clock(3).
9944 CONFORMING TO: getw() and putw() were in SUSv2, but are not
9949 Minor rewordings + formatting fixes.
9953 Many formatting fixes.
9955 Place ERRORS in alphabetical order.
9959 Document VT_GETHIFONTMASK (new in 2.6.18) and add to example program;
9960 attribute/text characters are in the host byte order.
9961 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=456437
9971 Minor heading changes and reformattings.
9975 Note that code segments, structure definitions, shell session
9976 logs, should be indented by 4 spaces.
9980 Add a little information about the differences to mbox.
9983 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.75 ====================
9985 Released: 2008-01-08
9991 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9992 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9994 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
9995 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
9996 Andreas Henriksson <andreas@fatal.se>
9997 Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
9998 Justin Pryzby <jpryzby+d@quoinic.com>
9999 Phil Endecott <spam_from_debian_bugs_4@chezphil.org>
10000 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
10001 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
10002 Timo Sirainen <tss@iki.fi>
10003 Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
10005 Apologies if I missed anyone!
10013 (Grammatical) hyphenation was fixed in many places.
10028 Justin Pryzby / mtk
10029 Fix incorrect usage of "a" and "an" before following vowel /
10030 consonant, by reviewing the output of the following scripts:
10032 for a in $(wc */*.? | awk '$1 > 10 {print $4}' | gv total); do
10034 MANWIDTH=4000 man -l $a 2>/dev/null |
10035 egrep '(^| )an [^aeiou][a-z]'
10038 for a in $(wc */*.? | awk '$1 > 10 {print $4}' | gv total); do
10040 MANWIDTH=4000 man -l $a 2>/dev/null |
10041 egrep '(^| )a [aeiou][a-z]'
10051 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
10052 Improve macros used in 2.71 to convert from "mdoc" to "man".
10068 sched_setscheduler.2
10088 s/current process/calling process/
10107 s/x86/i386/ since that is the name used in 'arch' directories
10108 in the kernel source, and previously both i386 and x86 were both
10109 used in man pages; also nowadays 'x86' is somewhat ambiguous,
10110 since it is the name of the 'arch' directory for i386 and x86-64.
10135 Various reformattings.
10146 Format SYNOPSIS in a manner consistent with other pages.
10150 Format casts so that there is a non-breaking space after the
10151 type, and remove unnecessary parentheses around the casted value.
10152 Thus, for example, the following:
10154 .IR "(size_t) (\-1)" .
10158 .IR "(size_t)\ \-1" .
10162 Replace "-" by "\-" where a real dash is required.
10166 Make the formatting of instances of '*varname' consistent, changing
10195 Format SYNOPSIS consistently.
10204 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
10205 Standardize sentence used under "Feature Test Macro Requirements"
10206 when referring to all functions shown in the SYNOPSIS.
10222 Indent structure definitions by +4n.
10242 Use C99 standard types in declarations.
10243 s/u_long/unsigned long/
10244 s/ulong/unsigned long/
10245 s/u_char/unsigned char/
10246 s/u_short/unsigned short/
10247 s/ushort/unsigned short/
10248 s/u_int8_t/uint8_t/
10249 s/u_int16_t/uint16_t/
10250 s/u_int32_t/uint32_t/
10251 s/u_int/unsigned int/
10258 sched_setaffinity.2
10274 feature_test_macros.7
10279 Fix unbalanced .nf/.fi pairs.
10288 feature_test_macros.7
10293 Rename argument: s/file*des/fd/ , since that is the name most
10294 commonly used on man pages for a file descriptor argument.
10304 Removed .SM macros.
10311 Remove extraneous .br macro before/after .SH/.SS.
10321 canonicalize_file_name.3
10332 Remove extraneous .sp macros.
10344 Remove/replace extraneous .sp macros.
10346 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
10349 Changes to individual pages
10350 ---------------------------
10354 Nowadays there are seven macros (see 2.74 change log also).
10357 mtk, Acked by Andi Kleen
10358 Clarify interpretation of 'addr'; plus a few other minor edits
10367 Clarify relationship between file descriptor and open file
10371 mtk, Acked by Andi Kleen
10372 Since kernel 2.2, AF_UNSPEC for unconnecting a connected
10373 socket *is* supported.
10381 Remove duplicate "#include <fcntl.h>" from SYNOPSIS.
10385 Add getresgid(2) and credentials(7) to SEE ALSO.
10393 Rewrote various parts.
10397 Add getresuid(2) and credentials(7) to SEE ALSO.
10401 Use proper tables for layout, and various formatting fixes.
10403 Various formatting fixes.
10407 Rewrote various parts.
10410 Andi Kleen / mtk / Alain Portal
10411 Modify explanation of EINVAL 'maxnode' error.
10415 Add comma to clarify meaning of a sentence.
10419 Clarify initial description of O_EXCL.
10420 Clarify description of behaviors of O_CREAT | O_EXCL
10421 for symbolic links.
10422 Clarify text describing use of lockfiles without O_EXCL.
10423 mtk, with input from Timo Sirainen and Trond Myklebust
10424 O_EXCL is supported on NFSv3 and later, with Linux 2.6 and later.
10428 Rename 'filedes' argument 'pipefd'.
10432 s/cwd/current working directory/
10440 Add credentials(7) to SEE ALSO, and updated copyright credits,
10441 to reflect my rewrite of a few months ago.
10445 Add getsid(2) and credentials(7) to SEE ALSO.
10448 Alain Portal / mtk; acked by Jeremy Kerr
10449 Minor formatting/wording changes.
10451 Put EPERM in right alphabetical position in ERRORS list.
10459 Minor changes to example program.
10463 These functions are still not present as at glibc 2.7.
10467 Various minor spelling and formatting fixes.
10475 Fix placement of feature test macro in SYNOPSIS.
10484 Minor changes to example program.
10489 Use modern C prototypes in SYNOPSIS.
10499 Use .IP tags to create properly formatted lists.
10503 Convert function declarations to use modern C prototypes.
10504 Add text and start of page describing header files
10505 and types required by functions.
10506 Reformat discussion of request under clnt_control().
10510 Convert function declarations to use modern C prototypes.
10511 Remove crufty "int empty" from xdrrec_eof() description.
10515 Relocate misplaced line:
10516 "and if LF/NL (new line mode) is set also a carriage return;"
10517 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=458338.
10524 mtk, after a note by Alan Portal
10525 Fix reference to kernel documentation source file in the
10526 "The Sound Driver" subsection.
10530 Move CONFIGURATION description after SYNOPSIS description.
10532 Note that header files should be surrounded by angle brackets (<>).
10536 Minor formatting and wording fixes.
10540 Fix description of RTM_F_EQUALIZE.
10541 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=458325.
10545 Minor formatting and wording fixes.
10549 Small rewording of discussion of O_ASYNC.
10552 mtk / Jeremy Kerr / Alain Portal
10556 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.76 ====================
10558 Released: 2008-01-14
10564 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
10565 been incorporated in changes in this release:
10567 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
10568 Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon <carenas@sajinet.com.pe>
10569 Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
10570 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
10571 Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
10573 Apologies if I missed anyone!
10587 Rework/remove use of ".ad" macros.
10600 Fix unbalanced quotes in formatting macros.
10604 s/i-node/inode/, for consistency with other pages and POSIX.1-2001.
10606 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
10609 Changes to individual pages
10610 ---------------------------
10614 Minor wording change.
10618 Reordered text in DESCRIPTION and added some details for dup2().
10621 Trond Myklebust / mtk
10622 Minor fix to O_EXCL changes in previous release.
10626 Rewrote DESCRIPTION; noted that thread ID is not the same
10627 thing as a POSIX thread ID.
10631 Rewrote DESCRIPTION; minor additions to EXAMPLE text.
10635 A few rewrites and additions.
10638 Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon / mtk
10639 Add "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE" to example program.
10643 Use quotes more consistently in formatting macros.
10646 mtk, after a report by Daniel Kahn Gilmor
10647 Add 2.6 details for /proc/sys/kernel/random/poolsize.
10648 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=459232.
10656 Define abbreviation "MSS".
10659 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.77 ====================
10661 Released: 2008-01-31
10667 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
10668 been incorporated in changes in this release:
10670 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
10671 Phil Endecott <phil_vonar_endecott@chezphil.org>
10672 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
10673 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.org>
10674 WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
10676 Apologies if I missed anyone!
10685 Fix broken use of single quotes at start of line,
10686 as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=462636
10688 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
10695 Script to remove the COLOPHON section from the man pages provided
10696 as command-line arguments. This is useful to remove the COLOPHON
10697 sections from all of the man pages in two different release trees
10698 in order to do a "diff -ruN" to see the "real" differences
10702 Changes to individual pages
10703 ---------------------------
10707 Replace tables with .TP macros.
10711 Added discussion of directory streams.
10712 Removed "#include <sys/types>" from SYNOPSIS.
10713 Changed authorship notice.
10717 Add ENOSYS error to errors.
10719 Explicitly describe return value in the event of an error.
10721 inotify_add_watch.2
10723 Minor wording changes.
10727 Fix types for 2 and 4 arguments in splice prototype.
10731 Clarify description of return value for WNOHANG.
10735 Rewrote DESCRIPTION; emphasized that tkill() is obsoleted by
10740 Change description in NAME section.
10741 Various rewrites and additions (including notes on longjmp() and
10743 mtk / Vincent Lefevre
10744 Weaken warning against use of alloca(), and
10745 point out some cases where it can be useful;
10746 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=461100.
10754 Replace tables with .TP macros.
10755 s/MultiSource Synchronization/MultiSource Synchronization (MSS)/
10758 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.78 ====================
10760 Released: 2008-02-15
10766 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
10767 been incorporated in changes in this release:
10769 Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
10770 Greg Banks <gnb@melbourne.sgi.com>
10771 Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
10772 Phil Endecott <phil_vonar_endecott@chezphil.org>
10774 Apologies if I missed anyone!
10785 Add SEE ALSO entry referring to new signalfd.2 page.
10787 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
10794 mtk, with input and review from Davide Libenzi
10795 Documents the eventfd() system call, new in 2.6.22.
10798 mtk, with input and review from Davide Libenzi
10799 Documents the signalfd() system call, new in 2.6.22.
10801 Changes to individual pages
10802 ---------------------------
10805 mtk / Phil Endecott
10806 Improve wording describing error returns.
10810 Greatly expand the detail on O_DIRECT.
10813 mtk / Michael Tokarev
10814 Fix RETURN VALUE description: in some cases reboot() does not
10817 Rename the 'flag' argument to 'cmd', since that is more meaningful,
10818 and also what is used in the kernel source.
10819 Other minor wording changes.
10822 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.79 ====================
10824 Released: 2008-03-07
10830 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
10831 been incorporated in changes in this release:
10833 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
10834 Chris Heath <chris@heathens.co.nz>
10835 Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
10836 Fernando Luis Vázquez Cao <fernando@oss.ntt.co.jp>
10837 Heikki Orsila <shdl@zakalwe.fi>
10838 Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
10839 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
10840 Lasse Kärkkäinen <tronic@trn.iki.fi>
10841 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
10842 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
10843 Ron Burk <ronburk@gmail.com>
10844 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
10845 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
10846 Walter Harms <WHarms@bfs.de>
10848 Apologies if I missed anyone!
10854 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
10861 mtk, with input and review from Davide Libenzi
10862 Documents the timerfd_create(), timerfd_settime(), and
10863 timerfd_gettime() system calls, which are new in 2.6.25.
10872 Links to new timerfd_create.2 page.
10877 Links to eventfd.2.
10880 Changes to individual pages
10881 ---------------------------
10885 Remove code relating to man1/README, which no longer exists.
10889 Clarify detail of RLIMIT_STACK/4 limit for argv+environ.
10893 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to timerfd_create.2.
10901 Move discussion of 'mode' argument under description of O_CREAT.
10905 Fix type for 'ssi_ptr' field.
10906 See http://sources.redhat.com/ml/libc-hacker/2008-01/msg00002.html.
10910 Add timerfd_create(), timerfd_settime(), and timerfd_gettime()
10915 Add info on command type 10.
10916 Add details on types 6, 7, 8, and 9.
10919 Update LOG_BUF_LEN details.
10920 Update RETURN VALUE section.
10921 Notes capability requirements under EPERM error.
10922 Minor fix to description of type==3 and type==4.
10927 Note that POSIX requires localtime() to act as though tzset()
10928 was called, but localtime_r() does not have the same requirement.
10929 See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.time.tz/2034/
10933 Clarify discussion of NULL 'hints' argument; other minor rewrites.
10934 mtk / Sam Varshavchik
10935 Remove some duplicated text.
10938 Lasse Kärkkäinen / Mike Frysinger / mtk
10939 Clarify description of realloc() behavior for
10940 ((size == 0) && (ptr != NULL)).
10944 s/stdlib.h/fcntl.h/ in SYNOPSIS.
10947 Fernando Luis Vázquez Cao
10948 Update /proc/[number]/cmdline description.
10949 It used to be true that the command line arguments were
10950 not accessible when the process had been swapped out.
10951 In ancient kernels (circa 2.0.*) the problem was that the
10952 kernel relied on get_phys_addr to access the user space buffer,
10953 which stopped working as soon as the process was swapped out.
10954 Recent kernels use get_user_pages for the same purpose and thus
10955 they should not have that limitation.
10958 Davide Libenzi / mtk
10959 Clarify the somewhat unintuitive behavior that occurs if a file
10960 descriptor in an epoll set is closed while other file descriptors
10961 referring to the same underlying open file description remain
10963 See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/596462/.
10965 Clarify error that occurs if we add an epoll fd to its own set.
10967 A few minor rewordings.
10968 mtk, after a note by Chris Heath
10969 Rework Q1/A1, describing what happens when adding the same
10970 file descriptor twice to an epoll set, and when adding duplicate
10971 file descriptors to the same epoll set.
10972 Heikki Orsila / mtk / Davide Libenzi
10973 Clarify Q9/A9 to discuss packet/token-oriented files.
10974 mtk, after comments by Davide Libenzi and Chris Heath
10975 Added Q0/A0, making explicit that the key for items in an epoll
10976 set is [file descriptor, open file description].
10977 mtk, after a note by Ron Burk
10978 Change A3, to note that when events are available,
10979 the epoll file descriptor will indicate as being readable.
10981 Add some further explanation to Q5/A5 about why an epoll file
10982 descriptor cannot be passed across a Unix domain socket.
10986 Add SEE ALSO entry for standards(7).
10990 Add grep(1) to SEE ALSO.
10991 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=348552.
10995 Add SEE ALSO entry for posixoptions(7).
10999 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to timerfd_create.2.
11002 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.80 ====================
11004 Released: 2008-06-05
11010 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
11011 been incorporated in changes in this release:
11013 Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
11014 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
11015 Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.com>
11016 Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
11017 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
11018 Anoop <acv@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
11019 Aurelien Gerome <ag@roxor.cx>
11020 Daniel Burr <dburr@topcon.com>
11021 Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
11022 Felix Kater <fkater@googlemail.com>
11023 Folkert van Heusden <folkert@vanheusden.com>
11024 Hamaji Shinichiro <shinichiro.hamaji@gmail.com>
11025 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.fi>
11026 Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
11027 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
11028 Karsten Weiss <K.Weiss@science-computing.de>
11029 Martin Pitt <mpitt@debian.org>
11030 Marty Leisner <leisner@rochester.rr.com>
11031 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@trialog.com>
11032 Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
11033 Petter Reinholdtsen <pere@hungry.com>
11034 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
11035 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
11036 Stuart Brady <sdbrady@ntlworld.com>
11037 Theodoros V. Kalamatianos <thkala@softlab.ece.ntua.gr>
11038 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
11039 Tim Stoakes <tim@stoakes.net>
11040 Timothy Baldwin <T.E.Baldwin99@members.leeds.ac.uk>
11041 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
11043 Apologies if I missed anyone!
11050 inotify_add_watch.2
11060 Replace "(il)legal" by "(not) permitted" or "(in)valid".
11067 s/time stamp/timestamp/, for consistency with majority use
11068 in other pages, and in POSIX.1.
11078 Change name of 'start' argument to 'addr' for consistency
11080 * other memory-related interfaces
11081 * POSIX specification (for those interfaces in POSIX)
11082 * Linux and glibc source code (in at least some cases)
11086 s/filesystem/file system/, for consistency with majority use
11087 in other pages, and in POSIX.1.
11091 s/zeroes/zeros/, for consistency with majority use
11092 in other pages, and in POSIX.1.
11097 s/builtin/built-in/, for consistency with majority use
11098 in other pages, and in POSIX.1.
11103 s/normal file/regular file/
11107 s/nonempty/non-empty/
11111 s/nonzero/non-zero/
11115 s/realtime/real-time/, for consistency with majority usage.
11119 s/command line/command-line/ when used attributively.
11123 Use "run time" when non-attributive, "run-time" when attributive.
11127 Various pages that I wrote carried a slightly modified version
11128 of the "verbatim" license. In the interests of minimizing
11129 license proliferation, I've reverted the modified form
11130 so that the license is exactly the same as on other pages
11131 carrying the verbatim license.
11138 s/since kernel x.y.z/since Linux x.y.z/
11143 Reformat kernel version information for flags.
11145 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
11146 (Special thanks to Nicolas François.)
11153 mtk, after a suggestion by aeb
11154 Documents random_r(3), srandom_r(3), initstate_r(3), and
11155 setstate_r(3), which are the reentrant equivalents of
11156 random(3), srandom(3), initstate(3), and setstate(3).
11170 Links to random_r.3.
11186 Links to encrypt.3.
11189 Changes to individual pages
11190 ---------------------------
11194 Added note that CLONE_STOPPED (which no-one uses anyway) is
11199 Add NOTES section pointing out that 'size' argument is unused
11200 since kernel 2.6.8.
11204 Added portability note to BUGS text for EPOLL_CTL_DEL.
11208 If the 'sigmask' is NULL, then epoll_pwait() is equivalent
11213 NOTES: since glibc 2.3.3, the glibc NPTL fork() wrapper
11214 bypasses the fork() system call to invoke clone() with
11215 flags providing equivalent functionality.
11218 mtk, after a note from Adrian Bunk
11219 FUTEX_FD has been removed, as of kernel 2.6.26.
11223 Note that this system call is made obsolete by utimensat(2).
11226 Petter Reinholdtsen
11227 SEE ALSO: Add getgrouplist(3).
11228 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=479284.
11230 NGROUPS_MAX increased in kernel 2.6.4.
11231 SEE ALSO: Add credentials(7).
11233 Reformat DESCRIPTION and RETURN VALUE sections to be more
11234 consistent with man-pages style.
11235 Add some more detail to descriptions of system calls.
11236 Clarified what happens if caller of getgroups() is a member of
11237 more than 'size' supplementary groups.
11238 ERRORS: Add ENOMEM.
11241 mtk, after a note from Ingo Molnar
11242 Add text in NOTES about the punchier effect of nice values in
11243 kernel 2.6.23 and later.
11244 Add Documentation/scheduler/sched-nice-design.txt to SEE ALSO list.
11248 Added VERSIONS section noting that this system call first
11249 appeared in 2.4.11.
11252 Marty Leisner / mtk
11253 Add text explicitly noting that sig==0 can be used to check for
11254 the existence of a PID or PGID.
11256 A few minor rewordings.
11260 The location of the numactl package has changed.
11264 Added some .SS headings to make structure of page a little
11266 mtk, with input from Nick Piggin
11267 MAP_POPULATE supports both file and anonymous mappings.
11268 Since 2.6.23, MAP_POPULATE supports private mappings.
11269 Since 2.6.23, MAP_NONBLOCK causes MAP_POPULATE to be a no-op.
11271 NOTES: Added details on mapping address that is selected by
11272 kernel when MAP_FIXED is / isn't specified.
11276 The MS_REMOUNT changes in 2.4 were at 2.4.10 (not 2.4).
11278 Minor wording change.
11282 Clarify that "unused" fields in msginfo structure are
11283 "unused within the kernel".
11284 msginfo.msgpool is measured in kilobytes, not bytes.
11285 Minor rewordings in comments for msginfo structure.
11289 Various minor rewordings and restructurings for clarity.
11290 mtk, after a note from Reuben Thomas
11291 Remove "msgop" from NAME section.
11295 Clarify meaning of "BSD group semantics".
11296 SEE ALSO: add chown(2).
11300 SEE ALSO: add chown(2) and chmod(2).
11304 SEE ALSO: add mprotect(2) and shmat(2).
11308 SYNOPSIS: s/size_t \*len/size_t len/
11312 Note that O_CLOEXEC should be in the next POSIX.1 revision.
11314 More than just ext2 supports "mount -o bsdgroups" nowadays,
11315 so make the discussion about group ownership of new files a bit
11318 SEE ALSO: add chown(2) and chmod(2).
11322 If the 'sigmask' is NULL, then ppoll() is equivalent to poll()
11323 with respect to signal mask manipulations.
11327 s/posix_madvise (2)/posix_madvise (3)/;
11328 (The referred-to page still doesn't exist yet, but hopefully
11329 will do sometime soon.)
11332 Anoop, Acked by Roland McGrath.
11333 Re PTRACE_PEEKUSER: the offsets and data returned might not
11334 match with the definition of struct user.
11335 See also http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/5/8/375
11339 Improve wording for EAGAIN error in discussion of MSG_DONTWAIT.
11343 POSIX.1 also allows EEXIST for the ENOTEMPTY error condition.
11344 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=467552.
11346 sched_setscheduler.2
11347 mtk, with input from Ingo Molnar
11348 Add description of SCHED_IDLE policy (new in 2.6.23).
11349 Tweak description of SCHED_BATCH.
11354 Various wording clean-ups.
11358 Clarify that "unused" fields in seminfo structure are
11359 "unused within the kernel".
11360 Minor rewordings in comments for seminfo structure.
11364 Small fix in example code.
11367 mtk / Karsten Weiss
11368 Clarify description of setpgid() a little.
11372 Clarify that "unused" fields in shminfo structure are
11373 "unused within the kernel".
11374 Minor rewordings in comments for shminfo structure.
11377 mtk, after a note from Reuben Thomas
11378 Remove "shmop" from NAME section.
11382 Added BUGS text noting that before kernel 2.6.25, the ssi_int
11383 and ssi_ptr fields are not set.
11384 Added comments describing fields in signalfd_siginfo structure.
11385 Update field names in example program (s/signo/ssi_signo/).
11386 Various small fixes, and remove duplicated sentence.
11387 Minor edits to structure definition.
11391 Added some comments to code in NOTES.
11395 Minor wording change.
11399 SEE ALSO: add lchown(2).
11402 mtk / Andrew Morton
11403 Remove statement that (SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE |
11404 SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE | SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER) is
11405 a traditional fdatasync(2) operation.
11406 See https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=421482
11407 comments 129 to 131.
11411 This page is now up to date as at kernel 2.6.25.
11415 Small tidy up of language relating to permissions/capabilities.
11419 Minor change to example program.
11420 Minor wording change.
11424 Remove unnecessary subheading for utimes().
11425 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=477402.
11427 Change description in NAME line ("or" is not correct: these calls
11428 always change *both* timestamps).
11429 CONFORMING TO: utimes() is in POSIX.1-2001.
11431 Rename 'buf' argument of utime() to 'times' (like utimes()).
11432 Clarify explanation of EACCES and EPERM errors.
11433 Remove BUGS section, since it doesn't seem to add useful
11435 Clarified discussion of capabilities, and noted that
11436 CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE also has a role.
11437 Other minor rewordings.
11440 mtk, after a note by Justin Pryzby
11441 Add a sentence clarifying that even though the default disposition
11442 of SIGCHLD is "ignore", explicitly setting the disposition to
11443 SIG_IGN results in different treatment of zombies.
11452 Kevin O'Gorman <kogorman@csc.calpoly.edu>
11453 Add "Link with -lrt" to SYNOPSIS.
11457 s/backtrace_symbols/backtrace_symbols_fd/ in one sentence.
11459 Fix bogus reference to variable 'strings': should be:
11460 "the array of pointers".
11464 Add warning under NOTES that asctime(), ctime(), gmtime(), and
11465 localtime() may each overwrite the static object returned by any
11466 of the other calls.
11471 Add more detail to the description of the fields in the
11472 structure returned by dladdr().
11476 Clean up SYNOPSIS after work by cut-and-paste-Pete:
11477 the necessary header file is <unistd.h> not <sys/time.h>!
11481 Add documentation of lutimes(), which appeared in glibc 2.6.
11483 Change description in NAME line ("or" is not correct: these calls
11484 always change *both* timestamps).
11485 CONFORMING TO: futimes() did not come from 4.2BSD. (It came from
11486 FreeBSD; see the FreeBSD man page.)
11490 Noted that caller must not modify returned value string.
11491 Noted that getenv() is not reentrant: the buffer may be statically
11492 allocated and overwritten by later calls to getenv(), putenv(),
11493 setenv(), or unsetenv().
11494 Other minor rewrites.
11497 Petter Reinholdtsen
11498 SEE ALSO: Add getgrouplist(3).
11499 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=479284.
11503 Add 'h_errno' to NAME list.
11507 Add 'optarg', 'optind', 'opterr', and 'optopt' to NAME section.
11508 Add subheading for getopt_long() and getopt_long_only()
11513 Point out that this function should be avoided in favor of
11515 Add ERRORS section referring to open(2).
11519 SYNOPSIS: Fix declaration of valuep.
11520 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=476672.
11524 RETURN VALUE: Note circumstances in which successful malloc() and
11525 calloc() can return NULL.
11528 mtk, after a note by Marty Leisner
11529 Note that <fcntl.h> is needed for O_* constants and <sys/stat.h>
11530 is needed for 'mode' constants.
11534 Describe treatment of close-on-exec flag by opendir() and
11539 SEE ALSO: add ttyname(3).
11542 mtk / Timothy Baldwin
11543 Clarify semantics of raise() when called from a multithreaded
11545 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=476484.
11547 Rewrites and additions to various parts of the page.
11550 Tolga Dalman / aeb / mtk
11551 Remove outdated warning in NOTES; encourage the use of
11553 Folkert van Heusden
11554 Clarify wording describing range of values returned by rand().
11557 aeb / mtk / Tolga Dalman
11558 Recommend use or random_r(3) for multithreaded applications
11559 that need independent, reproducible sequences of random numbers.
11561 Move references to "The Art of Computer Programming" and
11562 "Numerical Recipes", formerly in rand(3), to this page.
11564 Add drand48(93) to SEE ALSO list.
11568 Clarify description of 'rm_eo' field.
11571 mtk, after a note by Marty Leisner
11572 Note that <fcntl.h> is needed for O_* constants and <sys/stat.h> is
11573 needed for 'mode' constants.
11577 Added pointer to example in sem_wait(3).
11587 mtk, after a note from Marty Leisner
11588 Add text to SYNOPSIS noting the need to link with "-lrt" or
11593 setenv() copies 'name' and 'value' (contrast with putenv()).
11594 unsetenv() of a nonexistent variable does nothing and is
11595 considered successful.
11596 Noted that setenv() and unsetenv() need not be reentrant.
11599 mtk, after a note by Marty Leisner
11600 Note that <fcntl.h> is needed for O_* constants and <sys/stat.h> is
11601 needed for 'mode' constants.
11605 initstate_r(3), setkey_r(3), setstate_r(3) are now documented.
11613 gethostname() is in Section 2, not section 3.
11617 Fix rendering of ' (backtick) and apostrophe (') in tables
11621 s/unicode.com/unicode.org/
11625 NOTES: Pthreads requires that all threads share the same UIDs and
11626 GIDs. But the Linux kernel maintains separate UIDs and GIDs for
11627 every thread. NPTL does some work to ensure that credential
11628 changes by any thread are carried through to all POSIX threads in
11631 sysconf(_SC_NGROUPS_MAX) can be used to determine the number of
11632 supplementary groups that a process may belong to.
11633 Clarify that supplementary group IDs are specified in POSIX.1-2001.
11636 mtk, after a note from Sam Varshavchik
11637 For answer A2, change "not recommended" to "careful programming
11642 Document SIGIO feature (new in 2.6.25) for inotify file descriptors.
11644 Note that select()/poll()/epoll_wait() indicate a ready inotify
11645 file descriptor as readable.
11647 Document IN_ATTRIB in a little more detail.
11651 Grammar fix, plus fix typo in script.
11653 Add list of thread-safe functions.
11657 Add a section on the upcoming POSIX revision.
11660 Justin Pryzby / mtk
11661 Various wording improvements.
11664 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.00 ====================
11666 Released: 2008-06-12, Konolfingen
11672 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
11673 been incorporated in changes in this release:
11675 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
11676 Stuart Brady <sdbrady@ntlworld.com>
11678 Apologies if I missed anyone!
11684 The POSIX.1 man pages (sections 0p, 1p, 3p) have been moved out
11685 of this package into the separate man-pages-posix package.
11686 This made sense because those pages are seldom changed (only formatting
11687 fixes, etc.) so that it was unnecessary to redistribute them with each
11697 s/`/\`/ for backquotes used in command substitution, for
11698 proper rendering in UTF-8.
11701 mtk, after a note from Stuart Brady
11702 Using /'x'/ to denote a character (string) renders poorly in
11703 UTF-8, where the two ' characters render as closing single
11704 quotes. On the other hand, using /`x'/ renders nicely on UTF-8,
11705 where proper opening and closing single quotes are produced by
11706 groff(1), but looks ugly when rendered in ASCII. Using the
11707 sequence /\\aqx\\aq/ produces a reasonable rendering ('\\aq'
11708 is a vertical "apostrophe quote") in both UTF-8 and ASCII.
11709 So that change is made in a number of pages.
11710 See also http://www.cl.cal.ac.uk/~mgk25/ucs/quotes.html.
11714 Replace form /`string'/ by /"string"/, since the former renders
11723 Control character names (^X) are written boldface, without
11732 Various edits to try and bring some consistency to the use of
11736 Changes to individual pages
11737 ---------------------------
11741 Small rewordings in description of packet mode.
11745 Minor formatting fixes.
11748 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.01 ====================
11750 Released: 2008-06-25, Munich
11756 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
11757 been incorporated in changes in this release:
11759 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
11760 Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.comm>
11761 Andrew P <ap@zip.com.au>
11762 Andrew Clayton <andrew@digital-domain.net>
11763 Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@gmail.com>
11764 Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ib.com>
11765 Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
11766 Daniele Giacomini <appunti2@gmail.com>
11767 Dorin Lazar <dorin.lazar@gmail.com>
11768 George Spelvin <linux@horizon.com>
11769 Jason Englander <jason@englanders.cc>
11770 Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
11771 Laurent Vivier <laurent.vivier@bull.net>
11772 Masatake YAMOTO <yamoto@redhat.com>
11773 Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
11774 Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
11775 Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
11776 Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
11777 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
11778 Petr Gajdos <pgajdos@suse.cz>
11779 Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
11780 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
11781 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
11782 Stephane Chazelas <stephane_chazelas@yahoo.fr>
11783 Stuart Cunningham <stuartc@rd.bbc.co.uk>
11784 Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
11785 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
11786 Yao Zhao <dragonlinux@gmail.com>
11787 WANG Cong <wcong@critical-links.com>
11789 Apologies if I missed anyone!
11792 New and rewritten pages
11793 -----------------------
11797 A complete rewrite of this page, now with much more detail.
11801 A description of hostname resolution. Taken from FreeBSD 6.2,
11802 and lightly edited for man-pages style.
11806 A description of symbolic links. Taken from FreeBSD 6.2, but
11807 heavily edited for Linux details, improved readability, and
11811 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
11812 ---------------------------------------------
11815 mtk / Peter Zijlstra
11816 Add description of RLIMIT_RTTIME limit, new in 2.6.25.
11820 Add description of mkostemp(), new in glibc 2.7.
11823 mtk, after a note by Petr Gajdos; review by Neil Horman
11824 Document core_pattern pipe syntax, which appeared in
11826 Add an example program demonstrating use of core_pattern
11829 Document /proc/PID/coredump_filter, new in kernel 2.6.23.
11830 Documentation was based on the text in
11831 Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt, plus testing, and
11832 checking the kernel source.
11836 Document /proc/PID/oom_score, which was new in kernel 2.6.11.
11837 This file displays the "badness" score of the process, which
11838 provides the basis for OOM-killer decisions.
11840 Document /proc/PID/oom_adj, which was new in kernel 2.6.11.
11841 This file influences the oom_score of a process.
11843 Document /proc/PID/limits, which was new in 2.6.24.
11844 This file displays a process's resource limits.
11846 Document /proc/PID/fdinfo/*, which was new in 2.6.22.
11847 These files display info about each descriptor opened by the
11848 process: the current file offset, and the file access mode +
11849 file status flags as set in open() or fcntl(F_SETFL).
11851 Document /proc/PID/mountinfo, which was new in 2.6.26.
11852 This file displays information about mount points.
11853 Closely based on text from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt.
11855 Document /proc/PID/mountstats, which was new in 2.6.17.
11856 This file displays statistics about mount points.
11858 Document /proc/PID/status.
11859 Samuel Thibault / mtk, review by Laurent Vivier,
11860 Christian Borntraeger, and Andrew P
11861 Document guest (virtual CPU) time field in /proc/stat.
11862 Document guest (virtual CPU) time fields in /proc/PID/stat.
11874 Link to getcwd.3, which describes several interfaces, among
11875 them getcwd(), which is in fact a system call.
11881 sched_setaffinity.2
11882 sched_setscheduler.2
11886 SEE ALSO: Add cpuset(7).
11910 SEE ALSO: Add symlink(7).
11918 Wrap source lines so that new sentence starts on new line.
11933 Added VERSIONS section.
11948 For consistency, "fix" cases where argument of .B or .I was
11949 on the following source line.
11965 SEE ALSO: add time(7)
11967 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
11968 (Special thanks to Nicolas François and Alain Portal.)
11971 Changes to individual pages
11972 ---------------------------
11976 Add a few more words to DESCRIPTION.
11977 NOTES: Add pointer to acct(5).
11981 s/process/calling process/ so as to say that the alarm signal is
11982 delivered to the calling process.
11986 Clarify discussion of return value of sbrk().
11988 DESCRIPTION: Add some sentences giving an overview of these
11990 Add note recommending use of malloc(3).
11991 Change name of brk() argument to the simpler 'addr'.
11992 Add "(void *)" cast to "-1" for error return of sbrk().
11993 Removed some incorrect text about "brk(0)".
11994 Note that SUSv2 specified the return value of sbrk().
11995 Added a detail on the glibc brk() wrapper.
11996 Remove discussions of old standards (C89 and POSIX.1-1990);
11997 CONFORMING TO already discusses the situation with respect
11998 to more recent standards.
12002 Clarify description of chmod() and fchmod().
12003 Add further detail on S_ISUID, S_ISGID, and S_ISVTX permissions.
12004 Reformat list of permissions bits.
12008 Describe rules governing ownership of new files (bsdgroups
12009 versus sysvgroups, and the effect of the parent directory's
12010 set-group-ID permission bit).
12014 Clarify description a little.
12015 s/changes the root directory/
12016 changes the root directory of the calling process/
12020 Fix text that warns against use of NULL argv and envp.
12021 Using a NULL envp does in fact seem to be portable (works
12022 on Solaris and FreeBSD), but the Linux semantics for a NULL
12023 argv certainly aren't consistent with other implementations.
12024 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8408.
12027 mtk, after a note from George Spelvin
12028 Document d_type field, present since kernel 2.6.4.
12033 Noted that POSIX.1 leaves interactions with alarm(), sleep(),
12034 and usleep() unspecified.
12035 Linux 2.6.16 removed the MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES ceiling on timer
12037 Other minor changes.
12044 mtk, after a note by Masatake YAMOTO and input from Jeff Moyer
12045 Describe the unconventional error return provided by the
12046 wrapper function in libaio (and contrast with behavior if
12047 the system call is invoked via syscall(2)).
12048 See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.ltp/4445/
12050 Re-order ERRORS and SEE ALSO entries to be alphabetical.
12058 s/AIO request blocks/AIO control blocks/
12062 Note that EEXIST applies, even if the pathname is a
12063 (possibly dangling) symbolic link.
12066 mtk, after a report from Stephane Chazelas
12067 Remove crufty discussion of HZ, and replace with a pointer
12069 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=485636
12070 mtk, after some discussions with Bart Van Assche and Roman Zippel
12071 NOTES: describe CLOCK_REALTIME versus CLOCK_NANOSLEEP
12072 See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/696854/
12073 "nanosleep() uses CLOCK_MONOTONIC, should be CLOCK_REALTIME?"
12075 Replace mentions of "process' by "thread".
12076 NOTES: describe case where clock_nanosleep() can be preferable.
12077 Some minor rewrites.
12080 mtk, after a note from Christoph Hellwig
12081 NOTES: Note that access mode flags are not single bits,
12082 and document the Linuxism "access mode 3".
12083 See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/653123.
12087 Minor wording fixes.
12091 Add comment to 'ee_pad' field in structure definition.
12093 sched_setscheduler.2
12095 Add pointer to discussion of RLIMIT_RTTIME in getrlimit.2.
12096 mtk, after a note by Andrew Clayton
12097 Rewrote and restructured various parts of the page for greater
12100 Add more detail to the rules that are applied when an
12101 unprivileged process with a non-zero RLIMIT_RTPRIO limit
12102 changes policy and priority.
12103 SEE ALSO: Add Documentation/scheduler/sched-rt-group.txt
12107 SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE can block on writes greater than request
12108 queue size. For some background, see
12109 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/687713/focus=688340
12113 Added system call history back to version 1.2.
12114 Fix typo on kernel version for pivot_root().
12118 Document ENOSYS error, which can occur if kernel was built without
12123 Clarify description of 'times' array for utimes().
12127 The longstanding bug that if delta was NULL, olddelta
12128 didn't return the outstanding clock adjustment, is now fixed
12129 (since glibc 2.8 + kernel 2.6.26).
12130 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug?id=2449
12131 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6761
12135 Note that these functions are included in the next POSIX revision.
12136 Remove editorial discussion about what the functions should have
12141 Rewrote various pieces, and added some details.
12145 Improve description or 'hints' and 'res' arguments.
12146 Add details on numeric strings that can be specified for 'node'.
12147 Other fairly major restructurings and rewrites to improve
12148 logical structure and clarity of the page.
12149 SEE ALSO: Add hostname(7).
12153 DESCRIPTION: Add reference to inet_addr(3) for dotted notation.
12154 SEE ALSO: add inet(3).
12156 Added BUGS section noting that gethostbyname() does not
12157 recognize hexadecimal components in dotted address strings;
12158 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=482973
12161 mtk, after Stuart Cunningham pointed out the typo
12162 Remove statement that LSB deprecates the functions
12163 "endmntent(), setmntent() [sic] and setmntent()".
12164 This doesn't seem to be true (I can't find mention of it
12165 being deprecated in any of the LSB specs). Rather, LSB simply
12166 doesn't specify these functions. (LSB 1.3 had a spec of
12167 setmntent(), but not getmntent() or endmntent(), and noted
12168 that having a spec of setmntent() was of little use without
12169 also having a spec of getmntent().)
12170 See also https://lists.linux-foundation.org/pipermail/lsb-discuss/2006-October/003078.html
12174 Remove mention of sa_len field from example code.
12175 That field is a BSDism not present on Linux.
12177 Various minor changes.
12180 mtk / Stephane Chazelas
12181 inet_aton() is *not* in POSIX.1.
12182 Rewrote discussion of why inet_addr() is disfavored.
12183 SEE ALSO: Add getaddrinfo(3).
12184 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=482979.
12185 mtk, after a note by Stephane Chazelas
12186 Describe the various address forms supported by inet_aton().
12188 Rewrite description of inet_network().
12189 Clarify discussion of inet_lnaof(), inet_netof(), and inet_makeaddr().
12190 Add discussion of Classful Addressing, noting that it is obsolete.
12191 Added an EXAMPLE program.
12193 Relocate discussion of i386 byte order to NOTES.
12194 Note that inet_aton() returns an address in network byte order.
12195 SEE ALSO: Add byteorder(3) and getnameinfo(3).
12199 Remove unneeded header files from SYNOPSIS.
12200 SEE ALSO: Add inet(3) and getnameinfo(3).
12201 Make NAME line more precise.
12202 Move errors to an ERRORS section.
12203 Add EXAMPLE section pointing to inet_pton(3).
12206 mtk / Stephane Chazelas
12207 Remove statement that inet_pton() extends inet_ntoa();
12208 that's not really true, since inet_pton() doesn't support
12209 all of the string forms that are supported by inet_ntoa().
12210 SEE ALSO: Add getaddrinfo(3).
12211 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=482987.
12213 Describe IPv6 address formats.
12214 Describe dotted decimal format in more detail.
12215 Add an example program.
12217 Remove unneeded header files from SYNOPSIS.
12218 Make NAME line more precise.
12219 Make description of return value more precise.
12220 SEE ALSO: Add inet(3).
12224 Note that EEXIST applies, even if the pathname is a
12225 (possibly dangling) symbolic link.
12229 Fix discussion of O_EXCL flag.
12230 These functions may also fail for any of the errors described
12232 Various other rewordings.
12236 Document DT_LNK (symbolic link) for d_type field.
12237 Reorder DT_ entries alphabetically.
12241 Recommend against drem(), in favor of remainder().
12244 mtk, after a note from Stephane Chazelas
12245 Add an ERRORS section documenting at least some of the errors
12246 that may occur for scanf().
12247 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=487254.
12248 mtk, after a note from Stephane Chazelas; review by Stephane Chazelas
12249 Document the GNU 'a' modifier for dynamically allocating strings.
12250 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=487254.
12251 Document the GNU 'm' modifier for dynamically allocating strings.
12255 s/strcat/strncat/ (a typo that changed the semantics in
12259 mtk, after a note from Daniele Giacomini
12260 Modify SYNOPSIS to show prototypes of both versions of strerror_r(),
12261 and make other small clarifications of the description regarding
12265 George Spelvin (taking time out from his busy Broadway schedule),
12266 with some tweaks by Matt Mackall and mtk
12267 Add a Usage subsection that recommends most users to use
12268 /dev/urandom, and emphasizes parsimonious usage of
12272 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
12273 LC_TIME: Describe first_weekday and first_workday.
12277 The various CPU time fields in /proc/stat and /proc/PID/stat
12278 return time in clock ticks (USER_HZ, cputime_to_clock_t(),
12279 sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK)).
12280 Updated, clarified and expanded the description several
12281 fields in /proc/[number]/stat.
12283 Clarified and expanded the description of /proc/[number]/fd.
12285 Updated and clarified the description of /proc/[number]/statm.
12287 Updated and clarified the description of /proc/sys/fs/dentry-state.
12289 Many formatting, wording, and grammar fixes.
12293 Enhanced description of VERSIONS section.
12297 Note that Linux does not currently support ACLs for POSIX
12302 Note that Linux supports ACLs on POSIX named semaphores
12306 mtk, with some suggestions from Bart Van Assche and Thomas Gleixner
12307 Added some details about where jiffies come into play.
12308 Added section on high-resolution timers.
12309 Mentioned a few other time-related interfaces at various
12310 points in the page.
12311 See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/697378.
12314 mtk, after a note by Samuel Thibault
12315 Provide a clear description of the three types of address that
12316 can appear in the sockaddr_un structure: pathname, unnamed,
12320 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.02 ====================
12322 Released: 2008-07-02, Konolfingen
12328 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
12329 been incorporated in changes in this release:
12331 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
12332 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
12333 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
12334 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
12335 Stephane Chazelas <stephane_chazelas@yahoo.fr>
12336 WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
12338 Apologies if I missed anyone!
12341 New and rewritten pages
12342 -----------------------
12346 A description of the clock_nanosleep() system call,
12347 which was added in kernel 2.6.
12351 A near complete rewrite, including additional information and
12352 a new example program.
12356 Documents getutmp(3) and getutmpx(3).
12358 gnu_get_libc_version.3
12360 Documents gnu_get_libc_version(3) and gnu_get_libc_release(3).
12364 Documents sigwait(3).
12368 An overview of the POSIX shared memory API.
12371 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
12372 ---------------------------------------------
12376 Document updwtmpx(3).
12386 gnu_get_libc_release.3
12388 Link to gnu_get_libc_version.3
12396 Link to getutent.3.
12408 s/user name/username/
12412 s/host name/hostname/
12415 Changes to individual pages
12416 ---------------------------
12420 SEE ALSO: add symlink.7. (3.01 changelog wrongly said this
12425 Remove superfluous text from RETURN VALUE.
12429 SEE ALSO: Add mmap(2), shm_overview(7).
12434 SEE ALSO: add shm_overview(7).
12438 Added a bit more detail on what sigreturn() actually does.
12443 SEE ALSO: Add sigwait(3).
12447 Describe behavior when multiple threads are blocked in
12448 sigwaitinfo()/sigtimedwait().
12449 SEE ALSO: Add sigwait(3).
12453 RETURN VALUE: describe return value on success.
12454 Add an ERRORS section documenting POSIX.1-specified errors.
12457 mtk, after a note by Stephane Chazelas
12458 getaddrinfo() supports specifying IPv6 scope-IDs.
12462 ERRORS: add ENOTTY.
12463 SEE ALSO: add utmp(5).
12467 utmpname() does return a value.
12469 Add paragraph to start of DESCRIPTION recommending
12470 use of POSIX.1 "utmpx" functions.
12471 CONFORMING TO: mention utmpxname().
12472 Add an ERRORS section.
12473 There are no utmpx equivalents of the _r reentrant functions.
12474 Clarify discussion of return values.
12475 Add pointer to definition of utmp structure in utmp(5).
12476 Clarify discussion of utmpx file on other systems (versus
12481 SEE ALSO: add getutmp(3)
12485 Fix error in description of IPv6 presentation format:
12486 s/x.x.x.x.x.x.x.x/x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x/.
12489 Reuben Thomas / mtk
12490 Fix confused wording for return value of setvbuf().
12491 Fixes http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=488104.
12493 Other minor rewordings.
12497 SEE ALSO: add shm_overview(7).
12500 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
12501 Slight rewording to make life easier for non-native English
12506 Add discussion of POSIX.1 utmpx specification.
12507 Provide a little more detail on fields of utmp structure.
12508 Added comments to macros for ut_type field.
12509 Correct the description of the ut_id field.
12511 Consolidate duplicated information about ut_tv and ut_session
12512 on biarch platforms.
12514 Move some text from CONFORMING TO to NOTES.
12515 Removed some crufty text.
12516 SEE ALSO: add login(3), logout(3), logwtmp(3).
12517 UT_LINESIZE is 32 (not 12).
12519 SEE ALSO: add getutmp(3)
12523 Enhanced the discussion of font conventions.
12527 Note that the delivery order of multiple pending standard
12528 signals is unspecified.
12529 SEE ALSO: Add sigwait(3).
12532 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.03 ====================
12534 Released: 2008-07-08, Konolfingen
12540 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
12541 been incorporated in changes in this release:
12543 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
12544 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
12545 Hidetoshi Seto <seto.hidetoshi@jp.fujitsu.com>
12546 Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
12547 Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
12548 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
12550 Apologies if I missed anyone!
12553 New and rewritten pages
12554 -----------------------
12557 Andi Kleen, with some text and edits by mtk
12558 Documents the getcpu(2) system call, introduced in Linux 2.6.19.
12562 Documents sched_getcpu(3), a wrapper for getcpu(2), provided
12566 Paul Jackson, with review and editing by mtk, and comments by
12567 Hidetoshi Seto and Li Zefan
12568 A description of the cpuset file system, the mechanism introduced
12569 kernel 2.6.12 for confining processes to designated processors
12570 and nodes. (Becomes the fourth largest page in man-pages!)
12573 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
12574 ---------------------------------------------
12578 Add documentation of readdir_r().
12586 Link to updwtmp.3 (3.02 changelog wrongly said this had been done).
12598 sched_setaffinity.2
12601 SEE ALSO: Add getcpu(2).
12630 ERRORS: Added reference to signal(7) in discussion of EINTR.
12634 Wrapped very long source lines.
12637 Changes to individual pages
12638 ---------------------------
12642 Small wording change.
12646 ERRORS: Add EINTR error.
12650 ERRORS: Add EINTR error.
12654 Note circumstances in which each SA_* flag is meaningful.
12656 Describe POSIX specification, and Linux semantics for
12657 SA_NOCLDWAIT when establishing a handler for SIGCHLD.
12659 Add pointer under SA_RESTART to new text in signal(7)
12660 describing system call restarting.
12666 ERRORS: Added EINTR error.
12667 A few minor rewordings.
12671 Remove statement that WUNTRACED and WCONTINUED only have effect
12672 if SA_NOCLDSTOP has not been set for SIGCHLD. That's not true.
12676 Add a pointer to signal(7) for further explanation of EINTR.
12680 SEE ALSO: Add passwd(5).
12684 Remove <sys/types.h> from SYNOPSIS; POSIX.1-2001 does not
12686 Some minor rewordings.
12690 RETURN VALUE: explicitly mention interruption by signal handler.
12691 SEE ALSO: add signal(7).
12695 POSIX.1-2001 also only documents EINVAL.
12699 SEE ALSO: Add getgrent(3), getgrnam(3).
12703 SEE ALSO: Add getpwent(3), getpwnam(3).
12707 Add pointer to description of /proc/PID/cpuset in cpuset(7).
12711 Add a section describing system call restarting, and noting
12712 which system calls are affected by SA_RESTART, and which
12713 system calls are never restarted.
12715 Describe the aberrant Linux behavior whereby a stop signal
12716 plus SIGCONT can interrupt some system calls, even if no
12717 signal handler has been established, and note the system
12718 calls that behave this way.
12720 Note a few more architectures on which signal numbers are valid.
12721 SEE ALSO: added a number of pages.
12723 Update async-signal-safe function list for POSIX.1-2004 (which
12724 adds sockatmark()).
12727 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.04 ====================
12729 Released: 2008-07-15, Konolfingen
12735 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
12736 been incorporated in changes in this release:
12738 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
12739 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@cpushare.com>
12740 Andreas Mohr <andi@lisas.de>
12741 Andrew Morgan <morgan@kernel.org>
12742 Erik Bosman <ejbosman@cs.vu.nl>
12743 John Brooks <aspecialj@gmail.com>
12744 Nikanth Karthikesan <knikanth@suse.de>
12745 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
12746 Petr Gajdos <pgajdos@suse.cz>
12747 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
12748 Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
12749 Sripathi Kodi <sripathik@in.ibm.com>
12750 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.org>
12752 Apologies if I missed anyone!
12760 A page describing the preferred licenses for new pages that
12761 are contributed to man-pages.
12764 New and rewritten pages
12765 -----------------------
12769 New page documenting the utimensat() system call, new in 2.6.22,
12770 and futimens() library function.
12774 Documents etext, edata, and end symbols.
12777 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
12778 ---------------------------------------------
12782 Add description of rawmemchr().
12786 Document /proc/config.gz (new in kernel 2.6).
12787 mtk, based on text from Documentation/vm/sysctl.txt
12788 Document /proc/sys/vm/oom_kill_allocating_task
12789 (new in Linux 2.6.24).
12790 Document /proc/sys/vm/oom_dump_tasks
12791 (new in Linux 2.6.25).
12792 Document /proc/sys/vm/panic_on_oom
12793 (new in Linux 2.6.18).
12806 Link to new utimensat.2.
12814 Link to gethostbyname.3.
12838 s/parameter/argument/ when talking about the things given
12839 to a function call, for consistency with majority usage.
12843 s/UNIX/Unix/, when not used as part of a trademark,
12844 for consistency with majority usage in pages.
12847 mtk, after a note from Alain Portal
12848 Put SEE ALSO entries into alphabetical order.
12852 Remove period at end of SEE ALSO list.
12855 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
12856 Even when the CONFORMING TO section is just a list of standards,
12857 they should be terminated by a period.
12872 Small wording fixes -- express <=, <, >=, > in words when in
12876 sched_setscheduler.2
12880 Minor rewording w.r.t. use of the term "parameter".
12882 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
12883 other places. (Many, many thanks to Alain Portal!)
12886 Changes to individual pages
12887 ---------------------------
12891 Update in line with addition of file capabilities and
12892 64-bit capability sets in kernel 2.6.2[45].
12896 Add "Link with -lrt" to SYNOPSIS.
12900 Document RUSAGE_THREAD, new in 2.6.26.
12902 Improve description of RUSAGE_CHILDREN.
12903 Add pointer to /proc/PID/stat in proc(5).
12904 Other minor clean-ups.
12907 Nikanth Karthikesan
12908 Since Linux 2.6.25, CAP_SYS_ADMIN is longer required to set
12909 a low priority (IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE).
12913 Since Linux 2.6.26, MS_RDONLY honors bind mounts.
12917 SEE ALSO: add utimensat(3).
12920 Serge Hallyn, with some edits/input from mtk
12921 Document PR_CAPBSET_READ and PR_CAPBSET_DROP.
12923 Document PR_GET_TSC and PR_SET_TSC.
12924 mtk, reviewed by Andrea Arcangeli
12925 Document PR_SET_SECCOMP and PR_GET_SECCOMP.
12927 PR_SET_KEEPCAPS and PR_GET_KEEPCAPS operate on a per-thread
12928 setting, not a per-process setting.
12930 Clarify fork(2) details for PR_SET_PDEATHSIG.
12932 Add description of PR_SET_SECUREBITS and PR_GET_SECUREBITS,
12933 as well as pointer to further info in capabilities(7).
12935 PR_GET_ENDIAN returns endianness info in location pointed to by
12936 arg2 (not as function result, as was implied by previous text).
12938 Expand description of PR_SET_NAME and PR_GET_NAME.
12940 RETURN VALUE: bring up to date for various options.
12942 Various improvements in ERRORS.
12944 Note that PR_SET_TIMING setting of PR_TIMING_TIMESTAMP is not
12945 currently implemented.
12948 * Clarify wording for PR_GET_UNALIGN, PR_GET_FPEMU, and
12950 * Some reformatting of kernel version information.
12951 * Reorder PR_GET_ENDIAN and PR_SET_ENDIAN entries.
12955 Fix and reword erroneous RETURN VALUE text.
12959 Noted which flags appeared in Linux 2.2.
12961 sched_setaffinity.2
12962 mtk, after a Fedora downstream patch
12963 Update type used for cpusetsize argument in SYNOPSIS.
12967 Clarify "zero timeout" case.
12968 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=490868.
12972 Noted which flags appeared in Linux 2.2.
12976 Document si_overrun and si_tid fields of siginfo structure.
12977 Add some text for si_trapno field.
12978 The si_errno field is *generally* unused.
12980 Put descriptions of SA_* constants in alphabetical order.
12984 Rewrote and expanded portability discussion.
12985 NOTES: Show the raw prototype of signal() (without use of
12990 Modify description of ssi_trapno field.
12994 Fix two version number typos for MAX_SWAPFILES discussion:
12999 SEE ALSO: add utimensat(2), futimens(3).
13003 SEE ALSO: Add elf(5).
13006 mtk, after a Fedora downstream patch
13007 Describe additional encryption algorithms.
13008 See also: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=428280.
13012 Small rewrites in DESCRIPTION.
13015 mtk, after a note from Alain Portal
13020 SEE ALSO: Add log10(3).
13024 Add C99 to CONFORMING TO.
13028 Add references to group(5).
13031 SEE ALSO: add fopen(3).
13035 Add reference to passwd(5).
13038 SEE ALSO: add fopen(3).
13042 Add C99 to CONFORMING TO.
13046 SEE ALSO: remove futimesat(2); add utimensat(2).
13050 Add details on initial value of optind, and note that it can
13051 be reset (to 1) to restart scanning of an argument vector.
13052 Add a NOTES section describing the glibc-specific behavior
13053 when optind is reset to 0 (rather than 1).
13054 See http://groups.google.com/group/comp.unix.programmer/browse_thread/thread/be0d0b7a07a165fb
13056 Note glibc extensions under CONFORMING TO.
13060 Improve comments on struct spwd.
13064 RETURN VALUE: note that errno is set on error.
13074 Remove unnecessary sentence in ERRORS.
13078 SEE ALSO: Add exp10(3).
13082 Small wording improvement.
13086 Remove unnecessary sentence in ERRORS.
13090 Many small formatting fixes.
13094 Remove redundant summary list of files in description of
13096 Make kernel version for /proc/sys/kernel/panic_on_oops more precise.
13097 Make kernel version for /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max more precise.
13098 Add Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt to SEE ALSO.
13103 Small wording improvement.
13106 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
13107 Clarify meaning of midnight on 1 Jan 1900/1970.
13109 Remove netdate(1) and rdate(1) from SEE ALSO, since these pages
13110 don't seem to exist on Linux systems.
13113 Vincent Lefevre / mtk
13114 Clarify treatment of initial white space by %% conversion
13116 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=435648.
13118 Many small formatting fixes.
13122 Rename CONSIDERATIONS section to NOTES, and relocate
13123 to appropriate place on page.
13126 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
13127 Prepend "POSIX.1-2001 specifies that: " to the sentence stating
13128 that tmpfile() may write to stdout. (AFAICS, glibc's tmpfile()
13133 Remove unnecessary sentence in ERRORS.
13137 Make wording more precise: the memory allocated by wcsdup(3)
13138 *should* be freed with free(3).
13142 Move example into proper EXAMPLE section.
13146 The features in the "Get and Set Window Size" subsection
13147 require the inclusion of <sys/ioctl.h>.
13150 Serge Hallyn, plus a bit of work by mtk
13151 Document file capabilities, per-process capability bounding set,
13152 changed semantics for CAP_SETPCAP, and other changes in 2.6.2[45].
13153 Add CAP_MAC_ADMIN, CAP_MAC_OVERRIDE, CAP_SETFCAP.
13154 Various smaller fixes.
13155 mtk, plus review by Serge Hallyn and Andrew Morgan
13156 Add text detailing how CAP_SETPCAP (theoretically) permits -- on
13157 pre-2.6.25 kernels, and 2.6.25 and later kernels with file
13158 capabilities disabled -- a thread to change the capability sets
13160 Add section describing rules for programmatically adjusting
13161 thread capability sets.
13162 Add some words describing purpose of inheritable set.
13163 Note existence of CONFIG_SECURITY_CAPABILITIES config option.
13164 Describe rationale for capability bounding set.
13165 Document securebits flags (new in 2.6.26).
13166 Remove obsolete BUGS section.
13167 SEE ALSO: Add getcap(8), setcap(8), and various libcap pages.
13169 Add text noting that if we set the effective flag for one
13170 file capability, then we must also set the effective flag for all
13171 other capabilities where the permitted or inheritable bit is set.
13173 Since Linux 2.6.25, CAP_SYS_ADMIN is no longer required for
13174 ioprio_set() to set IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE class.
13176 Reword discussion of CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE to be file-system neutral.
13180 A list of standards in the CONFORMING TO list should be
13181 terminated by a period.
13182 The list of pages in a SEE ALSO list should not be
13183 terminated by a period.
13187 Correct a detail for sysctl_tcp_adv_win_scale.
13191 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.05 ====================
13193 Released: 2008-07-23, Konolfingen
13199 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
13200 been incorporated in changes in this release:
13202 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
13203 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
13204 Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx>
13205 Fabian Kreutz <kreutz@dbs.uni-hannover.de>
13206 Franck Jousseaume <franck.jousseaume@gmail.com>
13207 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
13208 Uli Schlacter <psychon@znc.in>
13210 Apologies if I missed anyone!
13213 New and rewritten pages
13214 -----------------------
13217 mtk, with review by Andries Brouwer
13218 A description of the SVID-specified mechanism for reporting
13220 See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/266.
13223 mtk, with review and suggested input from Andries Brouwer
13224 A description of how math functions report errors.
13225 See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/249.
13233 s/floating point/floating-point/ when used attributively.
13237 For consistency with majority usage:
13238 s/plus infinity/positive infinity/
13239 s/minus infinity/negative infinity/
13241 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
13245 Changes to individual pages
13246 ---------------------------
13250 SEE ALSO: add end(3).
13253 Brian M. Carlson / mtk
13254 Remove ambiguity in description of support for O_EXCL on NFS.
13255 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=491791.
13259 Place options in some semblance of alphabetical order.
13260 (No content or formatting changes were made.)
13264 Bump version number: these functions are still missing in
13269 SEE ALSO: Add math_error(7).
13273 SEE ALSO: Add math_error(7).
13277 Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece in SYNOPSIS.
13278 SEE ALSO: Add math_error(7).
13281 mtk / Franck Jousseaume
13282 Fix errors introduced into a few prototypes when converting
13283 function declarations to use modern C prototypes in man-pages-2.75.
13286 mtk, after a report from Uli Schlacter
13287 Document the IPV6_V6ONLY flag.
13290 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.06 ====================
13292 Released: 2008-08-05, Konolfingen
13298 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
13299 been incorporated in changes in this release:
13301 Andreas Jaeger <aj@novell.com>
13302 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
13303 Fabian Kreutz <kreutz@dbs.uni-hannover.de>
13304 Gernot Tenchio <g.tenchio@telco-tech.de>
13305 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
13306 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
13308 Apologies if I missed anyone!
13311 New and rewritten pages
13312 -----------------------
13316 Created after removing the erfc() material from erf.3.
13317 Documents the complementary error function.
13321 Created after removing the y*() material from j0.3.
13322 Documents the Bessel functions of the second kind.
13323 Included ERRORS section; noted that an exception is not
13324 raised on underflow, see also
13325 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6806;
13326 and errno is not set on overflow, see also
13327 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6808;
13328 Included BUGS section noting that errno is incorrectly
13329 set for pole error; see also
13330 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6807.
13334 Created after removing the scalbln*() and scalbn*() material
13335 from scalb.3. Documents scalbln() and scalbn() functions.
13336 Included ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13337 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6803.
13340 New and changed links
13341 ---------------------
13346 Changed these links to point to new erfc.3 page.
13354 Changed these links to point to new scalbln.3 page.
13365 Changed these links to point to new y0.3 page.
13373 s/floating point/floating-point/ when used attributively.
13375 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
13379 Changes to individual pages
13380 ---------------------------
13384 Tweak discuss text describing support for Blowfish.
13387 mtk / Gernot Tenchio
13388 Added some words to make clear that the string returned by
13389 ctime() and asctime() is null-terminated.
13393 Reverse order of SYNOPSIS and NAME sections.
13395 NOTES: Summarize the state of glibc support for exceptions
13396 and errno for error reporting.
13399 Changes to individual pages (math functions)
13400 --------------------------------------------
13402 Almost all of the changes in this release relate to math man pages.
13403 Very many changes were made to the math pages, including:
13405 * Fixed feature test macros (FTMs). Often, the FTM requirements
13406 for the "float" and "long double" versions of a math function are
13407 different from the requirements for the "double" version. Each math
13408 page now shows the correct FTM requirements for all three versions
13409 of the function(s) it describes. This may have required either
13410 a change to the existing FTM text (if the requirements for the
13411 "double" function were already described), or the addition of an FTM
13412 description to a SYNOPSIS where one was not previously present
13413 (typically because the "double" version of the function does not
13414 require any FTMs to be defined).
13415 * CONFORMING TO: in many cases, POSIX.1-2001 was not mentioned.
13416 Where a function is specified in POSIX.1-2001, this is now noted.
13417 Also, statements about what other standards a function conforms to
13418 were generally clarified. (The wording about which functions conformed
13419 to C99 was previously often done as an add on sentence; now it is made
13420 part of the first sentence of the CONFORMING TO section, along with
13422 * RETURN VALUE: in many cases, pages lacked descriptions of the return
13423 value when the function arguments are special values such as +0, -0,
13424 NaN (not-a-number), +infinity, -infinity, etc. This has been fixed.
13425 I carried out tests on glibc 2.8 to ensure that all of these
13426 functions match the RETURN VALUE descriptions (and the POSIX.1-2001
13428 * ERRORS: many pages lacked a clear (or indeed any) description of
13429 how errno is set on error and what exception is raised for each error.
13430 This has been fixed. The ERRORS sections are now generally headed up
13431 as per the POSIX.1 way of doing things, describing Pole / Range /
13432 Domain errors, as applicable.
13433 I carried out tests on glibc 2.8 to ensure that all of these
13434 functions match the ERRORS descriptions. Deviations from POSIX.1-2001
13435 requirements have been filed as glibc bug reports, and noted in the
13436 man pages. (The pages now describe the situation for ERRORS as at glibc
13437 2.8; I may eventually try and extend the text with descriptions of
13438 changes in older versions of glibc.)
13439 NOTE: one point that has not been covered in any page is the
13440 circumstances that generate inexact (FE_INEXACT) exceptions.
13441 (The details for these exceptions are not specified in POSIX.1-2001,
13442 and I haven't gone looking for the standards that describe the details.)
13446 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13447 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13448 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13449 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13453 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13454 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13455 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13456 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13460 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13461 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13462 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13463 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13467 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13468 DESCRIPTION: Some rewording.
13469 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13470 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13471 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13475 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13476 DESCRIPTION: Some rewording.
13477 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13478 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13479 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13483 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13484 DESCRIPTION: Some rewording.
13485 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13486 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13487 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13491 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13492 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13493 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13494 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13495 Added BUGS section noting that pole error sets errno to EDOM,
13496 when it should be ERANGE instead; see also
13497 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6759.
13501 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13502 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13503 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13504 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13508 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13509 DESCRIPTION: Enhanced.
13510 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13511 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13512 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13513 NOTES: Added some details.
13517 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13518 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13522 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13523 Rewrote RETURN VALUE section.
13524 Added ERRORS section; noted errno is not set:
13525 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6780.
13526 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13530 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13531 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13532 Added ERRORS section.
13533 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13537 Removed the erfc() material (there is now a new erfc page).
13538 Reason: the functions are logically separate; also their
13539 return values differ, and it would have been confusing
13540 to document them on the same page.
13541 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13542 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13543 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13544 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6785.
13545 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13549 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13550 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13551 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13552 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6786.
13553 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13557 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13558 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13559 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set for underflow;
13560 see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6787.
13564 Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections.
13565 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13569 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13570 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13571 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set for overflow;
13572 see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6788.
13573 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13574 Added BUGS section, describing bogus underflow exception for -large,
13575 see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6778;
13576 and describing bogus invalid exception for certain +large,
13577 see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6814.
13581 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13582 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13583 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13587 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13588 DESCRIPTION: Some rewording.
13589 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13590 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13591 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6796.
13592 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13596 Make style of writing exception names consistent with other
13597 pages and POSIX.1-2001.
13598 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13602 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13606 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13607 DESCRIPTION: Enhanced.
13608 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13609 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13610 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13614 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13615 DESCRIPTION: Some rewording.
13616 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13617 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13618 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6801.
13619 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13624 NAME: Make description clearer
13625 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13626 SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece.
13627 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13628 Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections.
13632 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13633 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13634 Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see
13635 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6783.
13636 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13640 Minor wording changes.
13641 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13642 SEE ALSO: Add signbit(3).
13646 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13647 Added details to RETURN VALUE section.
13648 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13649 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13653 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13654 Added (null) RETURN VALUE section referring to tgamma(3).
13655 Added (null) ERRORS section referring to tgamma(3).
13656 CONFORMING TO: Rewrote.
13660 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13661 DESCRIPTION: note that calculation is done without causing
13662 undue overflow or underflow.
13663 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13664 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see
13665 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6795.
13666 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13670 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13671 Rewrote RETURN VALUE section.
13672 Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set, and in some
13673 cases an exception is not raised; see also
13674 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6794.
13675 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13679 NAME: Make description clearer
13680 Improve the description of isunordered().
13681 Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections.
13683 A few wording improvements.
13687 Removed material for the y*() functions to a separate y0.3 page.
13688 Reason: the return values and errors/exceptions differ, and it
13689 would have been confusing to document them on the same page.
13690 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13691 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13692 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6805.
13696 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13697 Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections.
13698 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13702 Note that these functions are deprecated.
13703 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13704 Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections referring to lgamma(3).
13705 Added BUGS section noting that pole error sets errno to EDOM,
13706 when it should be ERANGE instead; see also
13707 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6777.
13711 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13712 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13713 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13714 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13718 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13719 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13720 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13721 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13725 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13726 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13727 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13728 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6792.
13729 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13733 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13734 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13735 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13739 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13740 DESCRIPTION: added a little detail; some rewordings.
13741 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13742 Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13743 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6793.
13744 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13748 DESCRIPTION: some rewording.
13749 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13750 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13751 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6798.
13752 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13756 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13757 Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13758 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6797.
13759 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13763 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13764 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13765 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13766 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13770 Small wording changes.
13771 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13775 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13776 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13777 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13778 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6799.
13779 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13783 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13784 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13785 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13786 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13787 Added BUGS section noting that pole error sets errno to EDOM,
13788 when it should be ERANGE instead; see also
13789 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6776.
13793 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13794 DESCRIPTION: added some details.
13795 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13796 Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see
13797 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6783.
13798 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13799 Added BUGS section noting that remainder(nan(""), 0)
13800 wrongly causes a domain error; see
13801 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6779
13805 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13806 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13807 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6801.
13808 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13813 NAME: Make description clearer
13814 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13815 SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece.
13816 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13817 Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections.
13821 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13822 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13823 Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see
13824 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6783.
13825 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13828 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13832 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13833 DESCRIPTION: added some details.
13834 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13835 ERRORS: no errors can occur (previous text was misleading).
13836 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13837 NOTES: point out that lrint() may be preferred in some cases.
13841 DESCRIPTION: added some details.
13842 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13843 ERRORS: no errors can occur (previous text was misleading).
13844 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13845 NOTES: point out that lround() may be preferred in some cases.
13849 Removed the scalbn() and scalbln() material to a separate
13850 scalbln.3 page. Reason: scalb() is obsolete; also the
13851 exception/error conditions differ somewhat, so that it
13852 would have been confusing to document them on the same page.
13853 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13854 DESCRIPTION: some rewrites and added details.
13855 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13856 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13857 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6803
13858 and http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6804.
13859 CONFORMING TO: Rewrote.
13863 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13864 SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece.
13865 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13866 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13867 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13871 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13872 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13873 Added ERRORS section; noted errno is not set:
13874 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6781.
13875 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13879 DESCRIPTION: Added details for special argument cases.
13880 Added (null) RETURN VALUE section.
13881 Added ERRORS section.
13885 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13886 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13887 Added ERRORS section.
13888 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13892 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13893 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13894 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13895 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13899 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13900 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13901 Added ERRORS section.
13902 Added ERRORS section; noted errno is not set:
13903 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6782.
13904 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13908 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13909 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13910 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13911 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13915 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13916 Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set /
13917 incorrectly set in some cases; see also
13918 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6809
13919 and http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6810.
13920 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13921 Added NOTES section to hold text explaining origin of tgamma().
13925 RETURN VALUE: small rewording.
13926 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13927 Added NOTES section explaining that result may be too large
13928 to store in an integer type.
13931 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.07 ====================
13933 Released: 2008-08-12, Konolfingen
13939 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
13940 been incorporated in changes in this release:
13942 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
13943 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
13944 Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
13945 Cliff Wickman <cpw@sgi.com>
13946 Fabian Kreutz <kreutz@dbs.uni-hannover.de>
13947 Filippo Santovito <filippo.santovito@email.it>
13948 Gerrit Renker <gerrit@erg.abdn.ac.uk>
13949 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.cs.tut.fi>
13950 Khalil GHORBAL <khalil.ghorbal@cea.fr>
13951 Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
13952 Maxin John <maxin.john@gmail.com>
13953 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
13954 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
13955 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
13956 Soh Kam Yung <sohkamyung@gmail.com>
13957 Stephane Chazelas <stephane_chazelas@yahoo.fr>
13958 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
13959 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
13961 Apologies if I missed anyone!
13964 New and rewritten pages
13965 -----------------------
13968 Christoph Lameter, various edits and improvements by mtk
13969 Documentation of the move_pages() system call.
13970 This page was formerly part of the numactl package, but really
13971 belongs in man-pages (since it describes a kernel interface).
13973 clock_getcpuclockid.3
13975 New page documenting the clock_getcpuclockid() library function,
13976 available since glibc 2.2.
13980 Document the Linux implementation of the UDP-Lite protocol,
13981 new in Linux 2.6.20.
13984 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
13985 ---------------------------------------------
13988 Christoph Lameter, minor edits and improvements by mtk
13989 Documentation of the /proc/PID/numa_maps file.
13990 This material was formerly the numa_maps.5 page in the numactl
13991 package, but really belongs in man-pages (since it describes
13992 a kernel interface).
14004 Fix mis-ordered (.SH) sections.
14023 s/PF_/AF_/ for socket family constants. Reasons: the AF_ and
14024 PF_ constants have always had the same values; there never has
14025 been a protocol family that had more than one address family,
14026 and POSIX.1-2001 only specifies the AF_* constants.
14028 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
14032 Changes to individual pages
14033 ---------------------------
14037 The floating-point environment is reset to the default
14038 during an execve().
14042 Misc cleanup of get_mempolicy(2):
14043 + mention that any mode flags will be saved with mode.
14044 I don't bother to document mode flags here because we
14045 already have a pointer to set_mempolicy(2) for more info
14046 on memory policy. mode flags are discussed there.
14047 + remove some old, obsolete [IMO] NOTES and 'roff comments.
14049 Update the get_mempolicy(2) man page to add in the description of
14050 the MPOL_F_MEMS_ALLOWED flag, added in 2.6.23.
14052 Document additional EINVAL error that occurs is MPOL_F_MEMS_ALLOWED
14053 is specified with either MPOL_F_ADDR or MPOL_F_NODE.
14057 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks getitimer() and setitimer()
14062 Fix error conditions, now that the kernel silently ignores
14063 nodes outside the task's cpuset, as long as one valid node
14066 Now that cpuset man page exists, we can refer to it. Remove
14067 stale comment regarding lack thereof.
14069 Add brief discussion of mode flags.
14071 Attempt to clarify discussion of MPOL_DEFAULT.
14073 Fix URI reference for libnuma.
14077 Remove EFAULT from errors. Under ENOMEM error, note that
14078 EFAULT was the error produced in some cases for kernels before
14082 mtk, after a note from Filippo Santovito
14083 In the ipc_perm structure definition, some fields were
14084 incorrectly named: s/key/__key/ and s/seq/__seq/.
14088 Fix up the error return for nodemask containing nodes disallowed by
14089 the process' current cpuset. Disallowed nodes are now silently ignored,
14090 as long as the nodemask contains at least one node that is on-line,
14091 allowed by the process' cpuset and has memory.
14093 Now that we have a cpuset man page, we can refer to cpusets directly
14094 in the man page text.
14097 Another attempt to rationalize description of MPOL_DEFAULT.
14099 Since ~2.6.25, the system default memory policy is "local allocation".
14100 MPOL_DEFAULT itself is a request to remove any non-default policy and
14101 "fall back" to the surrounding context. Try to say that without delving
14102 into implementation details.
14105 Add discussion of mempolicy mode flags to set_mempolicy(2).
14106 This adds another reason for EINVAL.
14110 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks setpgrp() obsolete.
14113 mtk, after a note from Filippo Santovito
14114 In the ipc_perm structure definition, some fields were
14115 incorrectly named: s/key/__key/ and s/seq/__seq/.
14118 Filippo Santovito / mtk
14119 In the ipc_perm structure definition, some fields were
14120 incorrectly named: s/key/__key/ and s/seq/__seq/.
14124 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks utime() obsolete.
14125 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the POSIX.1-2001 LEGACY
14126 marking of utimes(), so mention of this point has been
14127 removed from the page.
14131 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of vfork().
14135 SEE ALSO Add carg(3).
14139 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of bcmp().
14143 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification ofcw
14148 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of bzero().
14152 AVAILABILITY: These functions are still not in glibc
14157 SEE ALSO: Add clock_getcpuclockid(3).
14161 AVAILABILITY: These functions are still not in glibc
14166 POSIX.1-2008 marks asctime(), asctime_r(), ctime(), and ctime_r()
14171 CONFORMING TO: These functions are nowadays in POSIX.1-2008.
14175 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of
14180 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of ftime().
14184 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks ftw() as obsolete.
14188 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of gcvt().
14191 Reuben Thomas / mtk
14192 Clarify description of getcwd() for buf==NULL case;
14193 CONFORMING TO: According to POSIX.1, the behavior of getcwd()
14194 is unspecified for the buf==NULL case.
14196 Add an introductory paragraph giving an overview of what these
14198 Fix error in description of getwd(): it does not truncate the
14199 pathname; rather, it gives an error if the pathname exceeds
14201 Rewrote RETURN VALUE section.
14202 Add EINVAL ENAMETOOLONG errors for getwd().
14203 Various other clarifications and wording fixes.
14204 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2001 does not define any errors for
14206 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of getwd().
14210 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of
14211 gethostbyname(), gethostbyaddr(), and h_errno.
14215 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of gets().
14221 VERSIONS: These functions are available in glibc since version 2.1.
14225 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of
14226 index() and rindex().
14230 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks isalpha() as obsolete.
14234 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of
14235 makecontext() and swapcontext().
14239 VERSIONS: memrchr() since glibc 2.2; rawmemchr() since glibc 2.1.
14243 VERSIONS: mempcpy() since glibc 2.1.
14247 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of mktemp().
14251 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 specifies fdopendir().
14255 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks rand_r() as obsolete.
14259 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks siginterrupt() as obsolete.
14263 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks sighold(), sigignore(),
14264 sigpause(), sigrelse(), and sigset() as obsolete.
14268 VERSIONS: strchrnul() since glibc 2.1.1.
14272 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks tempnam() as obsolete.
14276 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks tmpnam() as obsolete.
14280 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks toascii() as obsolete.
14284 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of ualarm().
14288 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks ulimit() as obsolete.
14292 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of usleep().
14296 Updated details for POSIX.1-2008, and noted that if
14297 POSIX.1-2001 is listed in the CONFORMING TO section of a man
14298 page, then the reader can assume that the interface is also
14299 specified in POSIX.1-2008, unless otherwise noted.
14303 SEE ALSO: Add clock_getcpuclockid(3).
14307 SEE ALSO: add udplite(7).
14310 Changes to individual pages (math functions)
14311 --------------------------------------------
14313 Various changes here following on from the big update to the
14314 math pages in the previous release. Test results going back
14315 glibc 2.3.2 (so far) allowed updates to various pages to note
14316 changes in historical behavior for error reporting by math
14317 functions. Thanks to the following people for providing me
14318 with test results on various distributions and glibc versions:
14319 Alain Portal, Andries Brouwer, Fabian Kreutz, Heikki Orsila,
14320 Khalil GHORBAL, Pavel Heimlich, Reuben Thomas, Samuel Thibault,
14321 Soh Kam Yung, and Stephane Chazelas
14365 Added VERSIONS section noting that these functions first
14366 appeared in glibc in version 2.1.
14370 BUGS: In glibc 2.3.4 and earlier, an FE_OVERFLOW exception is not
14371 raised when an overflow occurs.
14375 Provide more detail in the description of rounding modes.
14376 Add text describing FLT_ROUNDS (formerly in fma.3).
14377 Add BUGS section pointing out the FLT_ROUNDS does not reflect
14378 changes by fesetround().
14382 Remove text about FLT_ROUNDS, replacing with a cross-reference
14387 CONFORMING TO: Note that the standards provide a weaker guarantee
14388 for the return value of isinf().
14392 BUGS: In glibc 2.5 and earlier, log(nan("")) produces a bogus
14393 FE_INVALID exception.
14397 Add reference to fenv(3) for discussion of current rounding mode.
14401 BUGS: In glibc 2.5 and earlier these functions do not raise an
14402 FE_UNDERFLOW exception on underflow.
14406 BUGS: described buggy NaN return when x is negative and y is large.
14407 See also: http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=3866.
14408 BUGS: Note the bogus FE_INVALID exception that occurred in glibc
14409 2.3.2 and earlier on overflow and underflow.
14413 Add reference to fenv(3) for discussion of current rounding mode.
14417 Add reference to fenv(3) for discussion of current rounding mode.
14421 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of scalb().
14425 BUGS: In glibc 2.3.3, tgamma(+-0) produced a domain error
14426 instead of a pole error.
14430 In glibc 2.3.2 and earlier, these functions do not raise an
14431 FE_INVALID exception for a domain error.
14435 Rewrite introductory paragraph.
14436 Point out that a NaN is commonly returned by functions that report
14440 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.08 ====================
14442 Released: 2008-08-27, Zurich
14448 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
14449 been incorporated in changes in this release:
14451 Gerrit Renker <gerrit@erg.abdn.ac.uk>
14452 Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
14453 Mike Bianchi <MBianchi@foveal.com>
14454 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
14455 Venkatesh Srinivas <me@acm.jhu.edu>
14456 Vijay Kumar <vijaykumar@bravegnu.org>
14458 Apologies if I missed anyone!
14461 New and rewritten pages
14462 -----------------------
14466 Documents getnetent_r(), getnetbyname_r(),
14467 and getnetbyaddr_r(), the reentrant equivalents of
14468 getnetent(), getnetbyname(), and getnetbyaddr().
14472 Documents getprotoent_r(), getprotobyname_r(), and
14473 getprotobynumber_r(), the reentrant equivalents of
14474 getprotoent(), getprotobyname(), and getprotobynumber().
14478 Documents getrpcent_r(), getrpcbyname_r(), and
14479 getrpcbynumber_r(), the reentrant equivalents of
14480 getrpcent(), getrpcbyname(), and getrpcbynumber().
14484 Documents getservent_r(), getservbyname_r(), and
14485 getservbyport_r(), the reentrant equivalents of
14486 getservent(), getservbyname(), and getservbyport().
14490 A new page giving overview details for the Linux NUMA interfaces.
14491 Incorporates some material from mbind.2, and the description
14492 of /proc/PID/numa_maps from proc.5.
14495 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
14496 ---------------------------------------------
14500 Add description of crypt_r().
14503 New and changed links
14504 ---------------------
14508 New link to crypt.3.
14513 New links to new getnetent_r.3.
14516 getprotobynumber_r.3
14518 New links to new getprotoent_r.3.
14523 New links to new getrpcent_r.3.
14528 New links to new getservent_r.3.
14532 Link to new numa(7) page, which incorporates the
14533 /proc/PID/numa_maps description.
14534 As part of the numactl() package, the /proc/PID/numa_maps
14535 documentation was in a numa_maps.5 page; this link
14536 ensures that "man 5 numa_maps" still works.
14537 (Eventually, we may want to remove this link.)
14548 Add reference to numa(7) for information on library support.
14549 Added a VERSIONS section.
14550 SEE ALSO: Add numa(7).
14568 These interfaces are specified in POSIX.1-2008.
14571 Changes to individual pages
14572 ---------------------------
14576 When an eventfd overflows, select() indicates the file as both
14577 readable and writable (not as having an exceptional condition).
14581 F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC is specified in POSIX.1-2008.
14585 NOTES: Add text mentioning the shell 'ulimit' (or 'limit')
14586 built-in command for setting resource limits.
14590 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks gettimeofday() as obsolete.
14594 Note kernel version where Linux stopped following symbolic
14595 links in 'oldpath'; see also http://lwn.net/Articles/294667.
14596 POSIX.1-2008 makes it implementation-dependent whether or not
14597 'oldpath' is dereferenced if it is a symbolic link.
14598 Add a reference to linkat(2) for an interface that allows
14599 precise control of the treatment of symbolic links.
14603 Remove material on library support and numactl; that material
14604 is now in numactl.7.
14608 Add kernel version numbers for MAP_32BIT.
14609 Add some details on MAP_32BIT (see http://lwn.net/Articles/294642).
14613 Added VERSIONS (from kernel 2.6.18) and CONFORMING TO sections.
14617 O_CLOEXEC is specified in POSIX.1-2008.
14621 s/d/domain/ for name of argument.
14622 Add reference to socket(2) for further information on
14623 domain, type, and protocol arguments.
14627 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 specifies utimensat() and futimens().
14631 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; other minor changes.
14635 Small rewording: "s/returned/failed with/ [an error]".
14639 Since glibc 2.7, it is possible to seek past the end of
14640 a stream created by open_memstream(). Add a BUGS section
14641 describing the bug in earlier glibc versions.
14645 Clarify exactly which functions are obsoleted by getnameinfo()
14650 Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file.
14651 Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to
14652 the database if necessary.
14653 The database connection is held open between get*() calls if
14654 'stayopen' is non-zero (not necessarily 1).
14655 s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/
14657 In glibc 2.2, the type of the 'net' argument for getnetbyaddr()
14658 changed from 'long' to 'uint32_t'.
14660 Note that the gethostbyaddr() 'net' argument is in host byte order.
14662 RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a
14663 statically allocated structure.
14664 SEE ALSO: add getnetent_r.3.
14668 Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file.
14669 Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to
14670 the database if necessary.
14671 The database connection is held open between get*() calls if
14672 'stayopen' is non-zero (not necessarily 1).
14673 s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/
14675 RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a
14676 statically allocated structure.
14677 SEE ALSO: add getprotoent_r.3.
14682 Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file.
14683 Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to
14684 the database if necessary.
14685 s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/
14687 RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a
14688 statically allocated structure.
14689 SEE ALSO: add getrpcent_r.3.
14693 Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file.
14694 Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to
14695 the database if necessary.
14696 The database connection is held open between get*() calls if
14697 'stayopen' is non-zero (not necessarily 1).
14698 s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/
14700 RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a
14701 statically allocated structure.
14702 SEE ALSO: add getservent_r.3.
14706 CONFORMING TO: this function is specified in POSIX.1-2008.
14710 s/sigev_notify_function/sigev_thread_function/
14711 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=494956.
14715 Relocate text for resolved_path==NULL case to DESCRIPTION.
14716 POSIX.1-2001 leaves the resolved_path==NULL case as
14717 implementation-defined; POSIX.1-2008 specifies the behavior
14718 described in this man page.
14722 POSIX.1-2008 rectifies the POSIX.1-2001 omission, specifying
14723 that zero is returned by a successful sem_init() call.
14727 Make the page more helpful to non-programmers by referencing
14728 the documentation of the shell's 'ulimit' command in the
14729 discussion of RLIMIT_CORE and RLIMIT_FSIZE.
14730 SEE ALSO: Add bash(1).
14732 Note that a core dump file can be used in a debugger.
14736 Remove /proc/PID/numa_maps material (it is now in numa(7)).
14740 SEE ALSO: Add numa(7).
14744 Explain bug that occurred in coalescing identical events in
14745 kernels before 2.6.25.
14746 (See commit 1c17d18e3775485bf1e0ce79575eb637a94494a2
14747 "A potential bug in inotify_user.c" in the 2.6.25 Changelog.)
14751 Update thread-safe functions list with changes in POSIX.1-2008.
14752 SEE ALSO: add proc(5).
14756 Update list of async-signal-safe functions for POSIX.1-2008.
14759 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.09 ====================
14761 Released: 2008-09-10, Munich
14767 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
14768 been incorporated in changes in this release:
14770 Bernd Eckenfels <be-mail2006@lina.inka.de>
14771 Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
14772 Carsten Emde <Carsten.Emde@osadl.org>
14773 Christopher Head <chead@telus.net>
14774 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
14775 Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
14776 Joe Korty <joe.korty@ccur.com>
14777 Marko Kreen <markokr@gmail.com>
14778 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
14779 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
14780 Michael Schurter <michael@susens-schurter.com>
14781 Mike Bianchi <MBianchi@foveal.com>
14782 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
14783 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
14784 Suka <sukadev@us.ibm.com>
14785 Timothy S. Nelson <wayland@wayland.id.au>
14786 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
14787 Török Edwin <edwintorok@gmail.com>
14789 Apologies if I missed anyone!
14792 New and rewritten pages
14793 -----------------------
14797 Document fopencookie(3), a library function that allows
14798 custom implementation of a stdio stream.
14801 Martin (Joey) Schulze, with a few light edits by mtk
14802 Documents the /etc/networks file.
14810 s/time zone/timezone/ for consistency across pages and
14840 Add/fix feature test macro requirements.
14843 Changes to individual pages
14844 ---------------------------
14847 mtk, after a note by Mike Bianchi
14848 More clearly and consistently describe whether
14849 or not the third argument to fcntl() is required,
14850 and what its type should be.
14852 Move description of negative l_len from NOTES, integrating
14853 it into the discussion of file locking.
14854 Minor rewrites of the text on file locking.
14858 SEE ALSO: Add clock(3), clock_gettime(3).
14859 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=353475
14863 Remove old sentence about where to send updates for this page.
14864 Add more detail on mount options that prevent updates to atime.
14866 sched_setscheduler.2
14868 Update kernel version numbers relating to real-time support.
14872 Note that lstat() will generally not trigger automounter
14873 action, whereas stat() will.
14877 SEE ALSO: Add clock_gettime(3).
14878 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=353475
14882 Add "Link with -lrt" to SYNOPSIS; remove now redundant
14883 sentence mentioning librt from NOTES.
14887 Rewrite description of getdate_r() and integrate into main text
14888 (rather than describing in NOTES).
14889 Other parts rewritten for greater clarity.
14890 Make it clearer in the main text that glibc does not implement %Z;
14891 remove discussion of that point from NOTES.
14892 Added an example program.
14896 Noted that table size as specified by 'nel' is immutable.
14897 Described differences between hsearch() and hsearch_r().
14898 Added missing pieces to RETURN VALUE.
14899 Added a number of new entries under ERRORS.
14900 NOTES: added some basic advice on sizing the hash table;
14901 noted that when a table is destroyed, the caller is responsible
14902 for freeing the buffers pointed to by 'key' and 'data' fields.
14903 One of the BUGS was fixed in glibc 2.3.
14904 Rewrote and clarified various other pieces.
14905 Rename arguments for reentrant functions, using same name as
14906 glibc headers: s/ret/retval/; s/tab/htab/.
14907 mtk, after a suggestion by Timothy S. Nelson
14908 Integrate discussion of reentrant functions into main discussion
14909 (rather than as a short paragraph at the end).
14913 Describe "shift sequence" input.
14917 Fix return type of ptsname_r() in SYNOPSIS.
14921 s/stat(2)/lstat(2)/ when discussing d_type (since we
14922 are talking about a case where we might be interested to
14923 whether the file itself is a symbolic link).
14926 Chris Head, signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger
14927 Fix typo: s/sigdelset/sigorset/
14930 Mats Wichmann / mtk
14931 s/\[number]/[pid]/ in file names for /proc/PID files.
14932 And similar changes for task/[tid] sub-directories.
14933 mtk / Mats Wichmann
14934 In the description if /proc/[pid]/environ, remove reference to
14935 lilo(8)/grub(8) since there seems to be nothing in those pages
14936 that related to this /proc file.
14937 Michael Schurter / mtk
14938 Remove sentence wrongly saying that /proc/meminfo reports
14940 see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=462969
14942 Note that /proc/meminfo reports system-wide memory usage
14945 Document new fields in /proc/interrupts that were added in
14950 Since glibc 2.8, _GNU_SOURCE must be defined in order to get
14951 the definition of the ucred structure from <sys/socket.h>.
14954 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.10 ====================
14956 Released: 2008-09-23, Munich
14962 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
14963 been incorporated in changes in this release:
14965 André Goddard Rosa <andre.goddard@gmail.com>
14966 George Spelvin <linux@horizon.com>
14967 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
14968 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
14969 John Reiser <jreiser@bitwagon.com>
14971 Apologies if I missed anyone!
14985 Fix 'dir' argument name: should be 'dirp'.
14986 POSIX.1-2008 and glibc call this argument 'dirp' (consistent
14987 with the fact that it is a *pointer* to a DIR structure).
14990 Changes to individual pages
14991 ---------------------------
14994 mtk, after a comment by John Reiser
14995 Clarify text describing getpid() caching bug for clone() wrapper.
14997 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6910
14998 https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=417521
15001 mtk, after a comment by John Reiser
15002 Describe getpid()'s PID caching and its consequences.
15006 s/it_interval/it_value/ when talking about TIMERFD_ABSTIME.
15010 Clarify closedir()'s treatment of underlying file descriptor.
15014 Fix memory leak in example program.
15015 Add use of tdestroy to example program.
15017 Add "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to example program.
15020 mtk, after a note from Pavel Heimlich
15021 Remove SEE ALSO references to nonexistent Guides to Yellow Pages
15025 Remove some out-of-date bugs.
15026 mtk, after a note from Pavel Heimlich
15027 Remove SEE ALSO references to nonexistent Guides to Yellow Pages
15028 and Bind/Hesiod docs.
15030 Remove crufty text about use of comma instead of slash to separate
15034 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.11 ====================
15036 Released: 2008-10-07, Munich
15042 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
15043 been incorporated in changes in this release:
15045 André Goddard Rosa <andre.goddard@gmail.com>
15046 Eugene V. Lyubimkin <jackyf.devel@gmail.com>
15047 Gergely Soos <sogerc1@gmail.com>
15048 Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
15049 Marko Kreen <markokr@gmail.com>
15050 Maxin B. John <maxin.john@ap.sony.com>
15051 Maxin John <maxin.john@gmail.com>
15052 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
15053 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
15054 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
15055 Ricardo Catalinas Jiménez <jimenezrick@gmail.com>
15056 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
15058 Apologies if I missed anyone!
15061 New and rewritten pages
15062 -----------------------
15066 Create a new page for umount() and umount2() by extracting
15067 existing material from mount.2 page.
15070 New and changed links
15071 ---------------------
15075 Change link to point to new umount.2
15076 The umount2() material migrated from mount.2 to umount.2
15079 Changes to individual pages
15080 ---------------------------
15084 _SC_ARG_MAX is no longer necessarily constant
15085 POSIX.1-2001 says that the values returned by sysconf()
15086 are constant for the life of the process.
15087 But the fact that, since Linux 2.6.23, ARG_MAX is settable
15088 via RLIMIT_STACK means _SC_ARG_MAX is no longer constant,
15089 since it can change at each execve().
15091 Linux now imposes a floor on the ARG_MAX limit
15092 Starting with Linux 2.6.23, the ARG_MAX limit became
15093 settable via (1/4 of) RLIMIT_STACK. This broke ABI
15094 compatibility if RLIMIT_STACK was set such that ARG_MAX
15095 was < 32 pages. Document the fact that since 2.6.25
15096 Linux imposes a floor on ARG_MAX, so that the old limit
15097 of 32 pages is guaranteed.
15099 For some background on the changes to ARG_MAX in
15100 kernels 2.6.23 and 2.6.25, see:
15101 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=5786
15102 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=10095
15103 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/646709/focus=648101,
15104 checked into 2.6.25 as
15105 commit a64e715fc74b1a7dcc5944f848acc38b2c4d4ee2.
15107 Also some reordering/rewording of the discussion of ARG_MAX.
15111 Note lack of glibc wrapper; caller must use syscall(2)
15112 Glibc doesn't (and quite probably won't) include a
15113 wrapper for this system call. Therefore, point out that
15114 potential callers will need to use syscall(2), and rewrite
15115 the RETURN VALUE text to show things as they would be if
15119 Refer reader to posix_fallocate(3) for portable interface
15120 Add a para to start of page that points out that this is the
15121 low-level, Linux-specific API, and point the reader to
15122 posix_fallocate(3) for the portable API.
15127 d_type is currently only supported on ext[234]
15128 As at kernel 2.6.27, only ext[234] support d_type.
15129 On other file systems, d_type is always set to DT_UNKNOWN (0).
15133 Add an example program
15135 comment out linux_dirent fields with varying location
15136 The location of the fields after d_name varies according to
15137 the size of d_name. We can't properly declare them in C;
15138 therefore, put those fields inside a comment.
15140 The DT_* constants are defined in <dirent.h>
15142 Remove header files from SYNOPSIS
15143 None of the header files provides what is needed.
15144 Calls are made via syscall(2).
15146 The programmer must define the linux_dirent structure
15147 Point out that this structure is not defined in glibc headers.
15149 s/dirent/linux_dirent/
15150 The structure isn't currently defined in glibc headers,
15151 and the kernel name of the structure is 'linux_dirent' (as
15152 was already used in some, but not all, places in this page).
15156 Reword/relocate discussion of BSD's historical RLIMIT_OFILE
15157 The old sentence sat on its own in an odd place, and anyway the
15158 modern BSDs use the name RLIMIT_NOFILE.
15160 Refer to execve(2) for RLIMIT_STACK's effect on ARG_MAX
15161 Refer the reader to new text in execve(2) that describes how
15162 (since Linux 2.6.23) RLIMIT_STACK determines the value of ARG_MAX.
15166 Rusage measures are preserved across execve(2)
15174 Make a detail of EPERM error more precise
15178 Add description of per-process namespaces
15179 Describe per-process namespaces, including discussion
15180 of clone() and unshare CLONE_NEWNS, and /proc/PID/mounts.
15182 List a few other file systems that we may see in /proc/filesystems
15183 Add some modern file systems to that list (xfs, jfs, ext3,
15186 Document MS_SILENT (and MS_VERBOSE)
15191 Split umount*() out into a separate page
15192 The length of this page means that it's becoming difficult
15193 to parse which info is specific to mount() versus
15194 umount()/umount2(), so split the umount material out into
15199 Remove mention of words "library function"
15200 This really is a system call.
15204 The programmer must declare the old_linux_dirent structure
15205 Glibc does not provide a definition of this structure.
15207 s/dirent/old_linux_dirent/
15208 Nowadays, this is the name of the structure in the
15211 Remove words "which may change"
15212 These words are slightly bogus: although the interface
15213 is obsolete, for ABI-compatibility reasons, the kernel folk
15214 should never be changing this interface.
15216 Remove header files from SYNOPSIS
15217 glibc doesn't provide any support for readdir(2),
15218 so remove these header files (which otherwise suggest
15219 that glibc does provide the required pieces).
15223 Move kernel version number to first mention to MSG_ERRQUEUE.
15227 Fix typo in example
15228 (The '&' before sop in the semop() call is unneeded.)
15232 Make kernel version for MSG_CONFIRM more precise
15233 s/2.3+ only/Since Linux 2.3.15/
15237 Refer reader to signal(7) for an overview of signals
15238 Explain semantics of signal disposition during fork() and execve()
15239 Refer to signal(7) for more details on signal mask.
15243 Explain inheritance of alternate signal stack across fork(2)
15247 Distinguish per-thread and process-wide signals
15248 A sentence clarifying that pending signal set is union of
15249 per-thread and process-wide pending signal sets.
15252 These interfaces have per-thread semantics
15253 The page was previously fuzzy about whether the these interfaces
15254 have process-wide or per-thread semantics. (E.g., now the
15255 page states that the calling *thread* (not process) is suspended
15256 until the signal is delivered.)
15260 Explain effect of fork() and execve() for pending signal set
15262 Explain how thread's pending signal set is defined
15263 The pending set is the union of per-thread pending signals
15264 and process-wide pending signals.
15268 Explain effects of fork() and execve() for signal mask
15272 Note that SPLICE_F_MOVE is a no-op since kernel 2.6.21
15276 Add more detail about wrapper functions
15277 Add a few more details about work generally done by wrapper
15278 functions. Note that syscall(2) performs the same steps.
15282 EINVAL error can also occur for invalid TGID
15283 The EINVAL error on an invalid TGID for tgkill() was
15284 not documented; this change documents it.
15288 POSIX.1-2008 revision will likely affect FTMs for futimens()
15289 Make it clear that the POSIX.1 revision that is likely
15290 to affect the feature test macro requirements for futimens()
15293 Make various wordings a little more precise.
15294 The times argument point to *an array of* structures, and the
15295 man-page should say that consistently.
15299 wait3() is a library function layered on wait4().
15300 On Linux wait3() is a library function implemented on top
15301 of wait4(). (Knowing this is useful when using strace(2),
15306 Fix error in description of range or return value
15307 In recent changes to the man page, mtk accidentally changed
15308 the description of the return value range to -pi/2..pi/2;
15309 the correct range is -pi..pi.
15313 Add parentheses after macro names.
15317 Clarify mktime()'s use of tm_isdst
15318 Describe use of tm_isdst for input to mktime();
15319 explain how mktime() modifies this field.
15320 (This field is left unchanged in case of error.)
15322 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=500178
15324 Clarify wording for ctime_r() and asctime_r() to indicate that
15325 the buffer must be at least 26 *bytes*.
15327 Minor rewording of mktime() description.
15331 floor.3: Fix error in description: s/smallest/largest/
15335 Call hdestroy() after using hash table created by hcreate(),
15336 for the sake of completeness
15340 mq_getattr() and mq_setattr() are layered on mq_getsetattr(2)
15341 mq_getattr() and mq_setattr() are library functions layered on
15342 top of the mq_getsetattr(2) system call.
15343 (This is useful info for users of strace(1).)
15347 mq_send() is a library function layered on mq_timedreceive() syscall
15348 This info is useful for users of strace(1).
15352 mq_send() is a library function layered on mq_timedsend() syscall
15353 This info is useful for users of strace(1).
15357 Make description more precise: s/next/largest/
15361 SEE ALSO: add getdents(2)
15362 Because readdir() is implemented on top of getdents(2).
15366 Clarify that returned pathname is NULL terminated
15367 Also clarify that null-byte is included in PATH_MAX limit.
15371 Rewrite and simplify description of /proc/mounts
15372 Most of the relevant discussion is now under /proc/PID/mounts;
15373 all that needs to be here is a mention of the pre-2.4.19
15374 system-wide namespace situation, and a reference to the
15375 discussion under /proc/PID/mounts.
15377 Add description of /proc/PID/mounts
15378 Largely cribbed from existing /proc/mounts discussion, which is
15379 about to be rewritten.
15383 Add mq_notify() to list of lib. functions and syscalls in MQ API
15387 Improve description in NAME section
15388 Add mention of sigaltstack(2).
15389 Describe syscalls that synchronously wait for a signal,
15390 Give overview of syscalls that block until a signal is caught
15391 Add overview of interfaces for sending signals.
15394 Describe semantics w.r.t. fork() and execve()
15395 Include text describing semantics of fork() and execve() for
15396 signal dispositions, signal mask, and pending signal set.
15399 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.12 ====================
15401 Released: 2008-10-29, Bucaramanga
15407 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
15408 been incorporated in changes in this release:
15410 Bert Wesarg <bert.wesarg@googlemail.com>
15411 Christian Grigis <glove@earthling.net>
15412 Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
15413 Didier <did447@gmail.com>
15414 Halesh S <halesh.s@india.com>
15415 J.H.M. Dassen (Ray) <fsmla@xinara.org>
15416 Jason Spiro <jasonspiro4@gmail.com>
15417 Lefteris Dimitroulakis <edimitro@tee.gr>
15418 Michael B. Trausch <mike@trausch.us>
15419 Pierre Cazenave <pwc101@noc.soton.ac.uk>
15420 Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
15422 Apologies if I missed anyone!
15425 New and rewritten pages
15426 -----------------------
15428 pthread_attr_init.3
15430 New page for pthread_attr_init(3) and pthread_attr_destroy(3)
15432 pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3
15434 New page for pthread_attr_setdetachstate(3) and
15435 pthread_attr_getdetachstate(3)
15437 pthread_attr_setguardsize.3
15439 New page for pthread_attr_setguardsize(3) and
15440 pthread_attr_getguardsize(3)
15442 pthread_attr_setscope.3
15444 New page for pthread_attr_setscope(3) and pthread_attr_getscope(3)
15446 pthread_attr_setstack.3
15448 New page for pthread_attr_setstack(3) and pthread_attr_getstack(3)
15450 pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3
15452 New page for pthread_attr_setstackaddr(3) and
15453 pthread_attr_getstackaddr(3)
15455 pthread_attr_setstacksize.3
15457 New page for pthread_attr_setstacksize(3) and
15458 pthread_attr_getstacksize(3)
15462 New page describing pthread_create(3)
15466 New page for pthread_detach(3)
15470 New page for pthread_equal(3)
15474 New page describing pthread_exit(3)
15476 pthread_getattr_np.3
15478 New page for pthread_getattr_np(3)
15482 New page for pthread_join(3)
15486 New page for pthread_self(3)
15488 pthread_tryjoin_np.3
15490 New page for pthread_tryjoin_np(3) and pthread_timedjoin_np(3)
15493 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
15494 ---------------------------------------------
15498 Add description of dup3()
15499 dup3() was added in kernel 2.6.27.
15503 Add description of new epoll_create1()
15504 The new epoll_create1() system call appeared in Linux 2.6.27.
15508 Describe eventfd2() and EFD_NONBLOCK and EFD_CLOEXEC
15509 Linux 2.6.27 added eventfd(), which supports a flags argument
15510 that eventfd() did not provide. The flags so far implemented
15511 are EFD_NONBLOCK and EFD_CLOEXEC,
15515 Add description of inotify_init1()
15516 The inotify_init1() system call was added in Linux 2.6.27.
15520 Add description of new pipe2() syscall
15521 pipe2() was added in 2.6.27. Describe the O_NONBLOCK and
15526 Describe signalfd4() and SFD_NONBLOCK and SFD_CLOEXEC
15527 Linux 2.6.27 added signalfd4(), which supports a flags argument
15528 that signalfd() did not provide. The flags so far implemented
15529 are SFD_NONBLOCK and SFD_CLOEXEC.
15532 New and changed links
15533 ---------------------
15538 dup.2 now contains the description of the new dup3() syscall.
15542 New link to epoll_create.2
15543 epoll_create.2 now includes a description of the new
15544 epoll_create1() system call.
15548 New link to eventfd.2
15549 The eventfd.2 page has some details on the eventfd2() system call,
15550 which was new in Linux 2.6.27.
15554 New link to inotify_init.2
15555 inotify_init.2 now includes a description of the new
15556 inotify_init1() system call.
15561 pipe(2) now contains a description of the new pipe2() syscall.
15563 pthread_attr_destroy.3
15565 New link to new pthread_attr_init.3
15567 pthread_attr_getdetachstate.3
15569 New link to new pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3
15571 pthread_attr_getguardsize.3
15573 New link to new pthread_attr_setguardsize.3
15575 pthread_attr_getscope.3
15577 New link to new pthread_attr_setscope.3
15579 pthread_attr_getstack.3
15581 New link to new pthread_attr_setstack.3
15583 pthread_attr_getstackaddr.3
15585 New link to new pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3
15587 pthread_attr_getstacksize.3
15589 New link to new pthread_attr_setstacksize.3
15591 pthread_timedjoin_np.3
15593 New link to new pthread_tryjoin_np.3
15597 New link to signalfd.2
15598 signalfd.2 now includes text describing signalfd4() system call,
15599 new in Linux 2.6.27.
15605 eventfd.2, getdents.2, mprotect.2, signalfd.2, timerfd_create.2,
15606 wait.2, backtrace.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, end.3, fmemopen.3,
15607 fopencookie.3, getdate.3, getgrouplist.3, getprotoent_r.3,
15608 getservent_r.3, gnu_get_libc_version.3, inet.3, inet_pton.3,
15609 makecontext.3, matherr.3, offsetof.3, pthread_attr_init.3,
15610 pthread_create.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, sem_wait.3, strtol.3, core.5
15612 Add ".SS Program source" to EXAMPLE
15613 Add ".SS Program source" to clearly distinguish shell session and
15614 descriptive text from actual program code.
15616 eventfd.2, execve.2, getdents.2, ioprio_set.2, mprotect.2,
15617 signalfd.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, backtrace.3,
15618 clock_getcpuclockid.3, end.3, fmemopen.3, fopencookie.3, frexp.3,
15619 getdate.3, getgrouplist.3, getprotoent_r.3, getservent_r.3,
15620 gnu_get_libc_version.3, inet.3, inet_pton.3, makecontext.3,
15621 malloc.3, matherr.3, offsetof.3, pthread_attr_init.3,
15622 pthread_create.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, sem_wait.3, strftime.3,
15623 strtok.3, strtol.3, core.5, proc.5, cpuset.7, mq_overview.7
15625 Format user input in shell sessions in boldface
15627 frexp.3, strftime.3, strtok.3
15629 Relocate shell session above example program
15630 Move the shell session text that demonstrates the use of
15631 the example program so that it precedes the actual
15632 example program. This makes the page consistent with the
15633 majority of other pages.
15636 Changes to individual pages
15637 ---------------------------
15641 Say more about unused epoll_create() 'size' arg
15642 Supply a little more explanation about why the 'size' argument
15643 of epoll_create() is nowadays ignored.
15647 Remove crufty text relating to flags argument
15648 Remove sentence saying that glibc adds a flags argument
15649 to the syscall; that was only relevant for the older
15650 eventfd() system call.
15653 Fix text relating to DT_UNKNOWN and 'd_type' support
15654 Some file systems provide partial support for 'dt_type',
15655 returning DT_UNKNOWN for cases they don't support.
15656 Update the discussion of 'd_type' and DT_UNKNOWN to
15659 getpeername.2, getsockname.2
15661 SEE ALSO: add ip(7) and unix(7)
15665 EINVAL can also occur if 'optval' is invalid
15666 In some cases, EINVAL can occur if 'optval' is invalid.
15667 Note this, and point reader to an example in ip(7).
15669 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=216092
15675 Clarify *_NONBLOCK description
15676 Make it clear that the NONBLOCK flag sets an attribute in the new
15677 open file description.
15681 Rewrite description in terms of threads
15682 The text formerly described the operation of sched_yield() in
15683 terms of processes. It should be in terms of threads.
15685 Add NOTES text on appropriate use of sched_yield()
15686 Strategic calls to sched_yield() can be used to improve
15687 performance, but unnecessary use should be avoided.
15691 Clarify that sa_mask affects the *per-thread* signal mask
15692 The page didn't previously clearly explain the scope of the
15693 signal mask that is affected by sa_mask.
15697 Remove crufty text relating to flags argument
15698 Remove sentence saying that glibc adds a flags argument
15699 to the syscall; that was only relevant for the older
15700 signalfd() system call.
15704 Clarify that sigprocmask() operates on a per-thread mask
15705 The first sentence of the page was vague on the scope of the
15706 attribute changed by sigprocmask(). Reword to make this
15707 clearer and add a sentence in NOTES to explicitly state that
15708 the signal mask is a per-thread attribute.
15712 Document SOCK_NONBLOCK and SOCK_CLOEXEC flags
15713 These flags, specified in the 'type' argument, are supported
15714 since Linux 2.6.27.
15718 Refer to socket(2) for SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK
15719 Refer the reader to socket(2) for a description of the SOCK_CLOEXEC
15720 and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags, which are supported by socketpair() since
15725 Add new 2.6.27 system calls
15726 Add pipe2(), dup3(), epoll_create1(), inotify_init1(),
15727 eventfd2(), signalfd4().
15731 Document timerfd_create() TFD_CLOEXEC and TFD_NONBLOCK
15732 TFD_CLOEXEC and TFD_NONBLOCK are supported since LInux 2.6.27.
15736 Clarify meaning of "child releases the parent's memory"
15737 The man page was not explicit about how the memory used by
15738 the child is released back to the parent.
15742 ctime_r() and localtime_r() need not set 'timezone' and 'daylight'
15743 The man page already noted that these functions need not set
15744 'tzname', but things could be clearer: it tzset() is not called,
15745 then the other two variables also are not set.
15747 Also, clarify that ctime() does set 'timezone' and 'daylight'.
15751 LD_LIBRARY_PATH is inspected once, at program start-up
15752 Make it clear that LD_LIBRARY_PATH is inspected *once*, at
15753 program start-up. (Verified from source and by experiment.)
15757 Document binary mode (mode 'b')
15758 Glibc 2.9 adds support to fmemopen() for binary mode opens.
15759 Binary mode is specified by inclusion of the letter 'b' in
15760 the 'mode' argument.
15764 Clarify error descriptions with some examples
15765 Clarify the description of some errors by giving examples
15766 that produce the errors. (Text added for EAI_SERVICE and
15769 Also, add an error case for EAI_BADFLAGS.
15773 Rationalize text on POSIX.1-2001 obsolete interfaces
15774 POSIX.1 marks gethostbyname(), gethostbyaddr(), and 'h_errno'
15775 as obsolete. The man page explained this, but with some
15776 duplication. Remove the duplication, and otherwise tidy up
15777 discussion of this point.
15781 Change one-line description in NAME
15782 s%process I/O%pipe stream to or from a process%
15784 Document 'e' (close-on-exec) flag
15785 glibc 2.9 implements the 'e' flag in 'type', which sets the
15786 close-on-exec flag on the underlying file descriptor.
15790 SEE ALSO: add pthread_kill(3)
15794 Fix text relating to DT_UNKNOWN and 'd_type' support
15795 (This mirrors the previous change to getdents.2)
15796 Some file systems provide partial support for 'dt_type',
15797 returning DT_UNKNOWN for cases they don't support.
15798 Update the discussion of 'd_type' and DT_UNKNOWN to
15803 Strengthen warning about checking against buffer overruns
15804 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=413940
15808 Explain capability requirements for TIOCCONS
15809 Explain capability requirements for TIOCCONS, and describe
15810 changes in 2.6.10 relating to capabilities.
15812 Explain capability requirements for various ioctls
15813 For TIOCSLCKTRMIOS, TIOCSCTTY, TIOCEXCL, explain the exact
15814 capability that is required (the text formerly just said "root"
15819 Document /proc/sys/kernel/threads-max
15820 Defines the system-wide limit on the number of threads (tasks).
15824 It is just "other" who should not have write perms on utmp
15825 The page was vague before, saying that utmp should not be
15826 writable by any user. This isn't true: it can be, and
15827 typically is, writable by user and group.
15831 Mention epoll_create1() as part of epoll API
15832 epoll_create1() was added in Linux 2.6.27, and extends the
15833 functionality of epoll_create().
15837 Mention inotify_init1() in overview of API
15838 Discuss the new inotify_init1() system call in the overview of
15843 Detail EINVAL error for IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP socket option
15845 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=216092
15848 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
15849 Add Drachma, Euro, and Greek Ypogegrammeni
15850 Also, amend description of characters 0241 and 0242.
15854 Example shell sessions should have user input boldfaced
15858 Describe return value from pthreads functions
15859 Describe the usual success (0) and failure (non-zero) returns,
15860 and note that POSIX.1-2001 specifies that pthreads functions
15861 can never fail with the error EINTR.
15865 Timeouts make socket interfaces non-restartable
15866 If setsockopt() is used to set a timeout on a socket(),
15867 then the various socket interfaces are not automatically
15868 restarted, even if SA_RESTART is specified when
15869 establishing the signal handler. Analogous behavior occurs
15870 for the "stop signals" case.
15874 SEE ALSO: add unix(7)
15878 Document LD_USE_LOAD_BIAS
15879 Drawing heavily on Jakub Jelinek's description in
15880 http://sources.redhat.com/ml/libc-hacker/2003-11/msg00127.html
15881 (Subject: [PATCH] Support LD_USE_LOAD_BIAS)
15882 --inhibit-rpath is ignored for setuid/setgid ld.so
15883 The --inhibit-rpath option is ignored if ld.so is setuid/setgid
15884 (not if the executable is setuid/setgid).
15886 Since glibc 2.4, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_ORIGIN_PATH
15888 Fix description of LD_PROFILE and LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT
15889 Clarify that LD_PROFILE is pathname or a soname,
15890 and identify name of profiling output file.
15891 Fix description of LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT, which wasn't even close to
15892 the truth. (But why did it remain unfixed for so many years?)
15894 Since glibc 2.3.4, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_DYNAMIC_WEAK
15896 Since version 2.3.5, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_SHOW_AUXV
15898 Reorder lists of LD_* environment variables alphabetically
15900 Since glibc 2.3.4, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_DEBUG
15903 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.13 ====================
15905 Released: 2008-11-07, Bucaramanga
15911 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
15912 been incorporated in changes in this release:
15914 Bert Wesarg <bert.wesarg@googlemail.com>
15915 Karsten Weiss <knweiss@gmail.com>
15916 Lefteris Dimitroulakis <edimitro@tee.gr>
15917 Olaf van der Spek <olafvdspek@gmail.com>
15918 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
15919 Török Edwin <edwintorok@gmail.com>
15920 Ulrich Mueller <ulm@gentoo.org>
15921 Valdis Kletnieks <Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu>
15923 Apologies if I missed anyone!
15926 New and rewritten pages
15927 -----------------------
15929 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
15931 New page for pthread_attr_setaffinity_np(3) and
15932 pthread_attr_getaffinity_np(3)
15934 pthread_attr_setschedparam.3
15936 New page for pthread_attr_setschedparam(3) and
15937 pthread_attr_getschedparam(3)
15939 pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3
15941 New page for pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(3) and
15942 pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(3)
15944 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
15946 New page for pthread_setaffinity_np(3) and pthread_getaffinity_np(3)
15948 pthread_setschedparam.3
15950 New page for pthread_setschedparam(3) and pthread_getschedparam(3)
15952 pthread_setschedprio.3
15954 New page for pthread_setschedprio(3)
15957 New and changed links
15958 ---------------------
15960 pthread_attr_getaffinity_np.3
15962 New link to new pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
15964 pthread_attr_getschedparam.3
15966 New link to new pthread_attr_setschedparam.3
15968 pthread_attr_getschedpolicy.3
15970 New link to new pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3
15972 pthread_getaffinity_np.3
15974 New link to new pthread_setaffinity_np.3
15976 pthread_getschedparam.3
15978 New link to new pthread_setschedparam.3
15984 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
15985 pthread_getattr_np.3
15986 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
15987 pthread_tryjoin_np.3
15990 Add text to CONFORMING TO explaining that the "_np"
15991 suffix is because these functions are non-portable.
15994 Changes to individual pages
15995 ---------------------------
15997 sched_setaffinity.2
15999 SEE ALSO: add sched_getcpu(3)
16001 sched_setaffinity.2
16003 SEE ALSO: Add pthread_setaffinity_np(3)
16005 sched_setaffinity.2
16007 Clarify EINVAL error for cpusetsize < kernel mask size
16008 For sched_setaffinity(), the EINVAL error that occurs
16009 if 'cpusetsize' is smaller than the kernel CPU set size only
16010 occurs with kernels before 2.6.9.
16014 Child holds parent's memory until execve() or *termination*
16015 The page was phrased in a few places to describe the child as
16016 holding the parent's memory until the child does an execve(2)
16017 or an _exit(2). The latter case should really be the more
16018 general process termination (i.e., either _exit(2) or abnormal
16023 CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID not settable
16024 According to POSIX.1-2001, the CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and
16025 CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID clocks should be settable, but
16026 currently they are not.
16028 pthread_attr_setstacksize.3
16029 Michael Kerrisk, after a report by Karsten Weiss
16030 EINVAL occurs on some systems if stacksize != page-size
16031 On MacOS X at least, pthread_attr_setstacksize(3) can fail
16032 with EINVAL if 'stacksize' is not a multiple of the system
16033 page size. Best to mention this so as to aid people writing
16038 Fix bug in EXAMPLE program
16039 The calloc() line should read like this instead:
16041 tinfo = calloc(num_threads, sizeof(struct thread_info));
16045 BUGS: thread group with a dead leader and stop signals
16046 Document the bug that can occur when a stop signal
16047 is sent to a thread group whose leader has terminated.
16048 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/611611
16049 http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=122525468300823&w=2
16053 Fix prototype of dn_expand()
16054 The 4th argument is "char *", not "unsigned char *".
16055 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504708
16059 Fix error handling after accept() in example code
16060 Simply continuing after an error is in most cases wrong,
16061 and can lead to infinite loops (e.g., for EMFILE).
16062 So handle an error by terminating.
16063 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504202
16067 Add error handling for epoll_wait() call in example code
16071 Improve example code
16072 Fill in some gaps in example code (variable declarations,
16073 adding listening socket to epoll set).
16074 Give variables more meaningful names.
16075 Other minor changes.
16076 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504202
16079 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
16080 Add characters for Drachma and Greek Ypogegrammeni
16081 Lines for these two characters were added in the previous patch,
16082 but the actual characters were not included in the 4th column
16083 of the table. This fixes that.
16087 Add a section describing thread IDs
16088 In particular, note that in each pthreads function that takes
16089 a thread ID argument, that ID by definition refers to a thread
16090 in the same process as the caller.
16093 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.14 ====================
16095 Released: 2008-11-25, Bucaramanga
16101 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
16102 been incorporated in changes in this release:
16104 Andreas Henriksson <andreas@fatal.se>
16105 Bert Wesarg <bert.wesarg@googlemail.com>
16106 Cedric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com>
16107 Chris Heath <chris@heathens.co.nz>
16108 Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
16109 Eugen Dedu <Eugen.Dedu@pu-pm.univ-fcomte.fr>
16110 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
16111 Jen Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
16112 Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
16113 Loïc Domaigne <tech@domaigne.com>
16114 Masanari Iida <masanari.iida@hp.com>
16115 Paul Evans <leonerd@leonerd.org.uk>
16116 Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
16117 Pierre-Paul Paquin <pierrepaulpaquin@gmail.com>
16118 Serge E. Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
16119 Stefano Teso <teso@disi.unitn.it>
16120 Stew Benedict <stewb@linux-foundation.org>
16121 Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
16123 Apologies if I missed anyone!
16126 New and rewritten pages
16127 -----------------------
16131 New page documenting CPU_* macros
16132 This page contains material moved out of sched_setscheduler(2).
16133 It overwrites a previously existing link file with the same name.
16135 Add description of macros for dynamically allocated CPU sets
16136 Add descriptions of CPU_ALLOC(), CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(), CPU_FREE(),
16137 CPU_SET_S(), CPU_CLR_S(), CPU_ISSET_S(), CPU_ZERO_S(),
16138 CPU_COUNT_S(), CPU_AND_S(), CPU_OR_S(), CPU_XOR_S(), and
16141 Add documentation of CPU_COUNT()
16143 Add description of CPU_AND(), CPU_OR, CPU_XOR(), and CPU_EQUAL()
16144 Plus a few other small clean-ups of the text
16146 Various improvements in DESCRIPTION
16147 After review comments by Bert Wesarg:
16148 * Explain that cpu_set_t is a bitset, but should be considered
16150 * A CPU set can be duplicated with memset().
16151 * Size of a CPU set is rounded up to size of long.
16152 * CPU_SETSIZE is in bits, but the setsize argument is in bytes.
16154 Document CPU_ALLOC()/CPU_ALLOC_SIZE() bug
16155 These macros return twice what they should because of thinko
16156 in glibc 2.8 and earlier. The bug is fixed for glibc 2.9.
16157 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7029
16159 NOTES: Discuss use of types in "prototypes" for these macros
16160 The SYNOPSIS shows types for arguments and return values, but
16161 these are really just suggestions: since the interfaces are
16162 macros, the compiler won't catch all violations of
16163 the "type rules". Warn the reader of this.
16165 pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3
16167 New page for pthread_attr_setinheritsched(3) and
16168 pthread_attr_getinheritsched(3)
16172 New page for pthread_cancel(3)
16174 pthread_cleanup_push.3
16176 New page for pthread_cleanup_push(3) and pthread_cleanup_pop(3)
16178 pthread_setcancelstate.3
16180 New page for pthread_setcancelstate(3) and pthread_setcanceltype(3)
16182 pthread_testcancel.3
16184 New page for pthread_testcancel(3)
16187 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
16188 ---------------------------------------------
16192 Document CLONE_IO (new in Linux 2.6.25)
16193 Some text also by mtk.
16195 Document CLONE_NEWNET
16197 Document CLONE_NEWUTS (new in Linux 2.6.19)
16199 Document CLONE_NEWIPC flag (new in Linux 2.6.19)
16201 Document CLONE_NEWPID flag (new in Linux 2.6.24)
16205 Document MAP_STACK flag (new in Linux 2.6.27)
16209 Document /proc file retrans_time_ms (new in Linux 2.6.12)
16211 Document /proc file base_reachable_time_ms (new in Linux 2.6.12)
16215 Document icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses (new in Linux 2.2)
16216 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16218 Document icmp_ratelimit and icmp_ratemask (new in Linux 2.4.10)
16219 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16221 Document icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts (new in Linux 2.6.12)
16222 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16226 Document /proc file tcp_slow_start_after_idle (new in Linux 2.6.18)
16227 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16229 Document /proc file tcp_base_mss (new in Linux 2.6.17)
16230 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16232 Document /proc file tcp_frto_response (new in Linux 2.6.22)
16233 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16235 Document /proc file tcp_moderate_rcvbuf (new in Linux 2.4.17/2.6.7)
16236 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16238 Document /proc file tcp_congestion_control (new in Linux 2.4.13)
16239 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16241 Document /proc file tcp_no_metrics_save (new in Linux 2.6.6)
16242 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16244 Document /proc file tcp_mtu_probing (new in Linux 2.6.17)
16245 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16247 Document /proc file tcp_dma_copybreak (new in Linux 2.6.24)
16248 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16250 Document /proc file tcp_tso_win_divisor (new in Linux 2.6.9)
16251 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16253 Document /proc file tcp_allowed_congestion_control (new in Linux 2.4.20)
16254 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16256 Document /proc file tcp_workaround_signed_windows (new in Linux 2.6.26)
16257 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16259 Document /proc file tcp_available_congestion_control (new in Linux 2.4.20)
16260 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16262 Document /proc file tcp_abc (new in Linux 2.6.15)
16263 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16267 Document /proc files udp_mem, udp_rmem_min, and udp_wmem_min
16268 All of these are new in Linux 2.6.25
16271 New and changed links
16272 ---------------------
16292 New link to new CPU_SET.3
16298 Update links to point to CPU_SET.3
16299 The documentation of the CPU_* macros migrated to a new
16300 location: CPU_SET.3.
16302 pthread_attr_getinheritsched.3
16304 New link to new pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3
16306 pthread_cleanup_pop.3
16308 New link to new pthread_cleanup_push.3
16310 pthread_setcanceltype.3
16312 New link to new pthread_setcancelstate.3
16324 Global fix: s/namespace/mount-point namespace/, as appropriate
16325 In recent times, a number of other namespace flags have been
16326 added to clone(2). As such, it is no longer clear to use
16327 the generic term "namespace" to refer to the particular
16328 namespace controlled by CLONE_NEWNS; instead, use the
16329 term "mount-point namespace".
16331 Global fix: s/mount-point namespace/mount namespace/
16332 This is more consistent with the term "mounts namespace"
16333 used in the 2008 ACM SIGOPS paper, "Virtual servers
16334 and checkpoint/restart in mainstream Linux".
16335 (I avoided the "s", because using the plural strikes me
16336 as klunky English, and anyway we don't talk about
16337 the "PIDs namespace" or the "networks namespace", etc..)
16354 Global fix: eliminate mention of the obsolete sysctl(2) interface
16355 Many pages still mention use of the obsolete sysctl(2) system
16356 call, or used the term "sysctls"; rewrite these mentions to
16357 instead be in terms of /proc interfaces.
16369 Global fix: s/multi-thread/multithread/
16372 pthread_attr_init.3
16374 pthread_getattr_np.3
16375 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
16376 pthread_setschedparam.3
16377 pthread_tryjoin_np.3
16379 Use consistent error-handling function names
16380 Many older pages use a handle_error() macro to do simple
16381 error handling from system and library function calls.
16382 Switch these pages to do similar.
16385 Changes to individual pages
16386 ---------------------------
16390 Note that some shells have a 'time' built-in command
16391 Therefore, to access the functionality described on this page,
16392 it may be necessary to specify the full pathname.
16396 Place list of CLONE_* flags in alphabetical order
16397 (No content changes.)
16400 Update feature test macro requirements for fsync()
16401 Since glibc 2.8, the fsync() declaration is also exposed if
16402 _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L
16404 sched_setaffinity.2
16406 Add note on system-imposed restrictions on CPUs actually used
16407 After Loïc Domaigne's suggestion for pthread_setaffinity_np(3), add
16408 similar text to this page noting that the system silently
16409 limits the set of CPUs on which the process actually runs to
16410 the set of CPUs physically present and the limits imposed by
16413 sched_setaffinity.2
16415 Removed discussion of CPU_* macros()
16416 These macros are now moving to a separate page.
16418 Refer reader to pthread_setaffinity_np(3)
16419 pthread_setaffinity_np() is preferable for setting
16420 thread CPU affinity if using the POSIX threads API.
16424 Add prominent warning against using this system call
16425 This was already stated under NOTES, but make it even more
16426 prominent by adding a sentence at the start of the DESCRIPTION.
16430 Add C comments describing fields in utsname structure
16434 Fix description of range of function value return
16435 The range is not [-pi/2, pi/2], but [-pi, pi].
16437 (mtk: This error was reported by Nicolas François, and
16438 should have been fixed in 3.11, but somewhere along the way,
16441 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=506299
16445 Since glibc 2.8, EPFNOSUPPORT error is now EAFNOSUPPORT
16446 Glibc switched to using a POSIX-specified error code for
16449 http://bugs.linuxbase.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2375
16453 CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID not settable
16454 According to POSIX.1-2001, the CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and
16455 CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID clocks should be settable, but
16456 currently they are not.
16460 Clarify and add more detail in RETURN VALUE description
16461 The page was a bit fuzzy in describing the return values for
16462 various cases. In particular, it needed to be more explicit
16463 in describing what happens for the "not found" case.
16465 This is an analogous change to the change for
16466 getpwnam.3, made after Andreas Henriksson's report.
16467 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504787
16469 Rename arguments to getgrnam_r() and getgrgid_r()
16470 s/gbuf/grp/ and s/gbufp/result/, for consistency
16471 with POSIX.1 argument names.
16473 Clarify RETURN VALUE description
16474 The page was a bit fuzzy in describing the return values for
16475 various cases. In particular, it needed to be more explicit
16476 in describing what happens for the "not found" case.
16478 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504708
16482 Rename arguments to getpwnam_r() and getpwuid_r()
16483 s/pwbuf/pwd/ and s/pwbufp/result/, for consistency
16484 with POSIX.1 argument names.
16486 Clarify and add more detail in RETURN VALUE description
16487 The page was a bit fuzzy in describing the return values for
16488 various cases. In particular, it needed to be more explicit
16489 in describing what happens for the "not found" case.
16491 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504787
16493 Add an EXAMPLE program for getpwnam_r()
16497 Rename 'cnt' argument to 'size'
16498 This is consistent with POSIX.1, and also a more sensible name.
16500 Rework text describing 'size' argument
16501 (After a suggestion by Vegard Nossum.)
16502 Also made a few other small rewordings to in the initial
16507 Add text on use of pointer arguments to makecontext()
16508 Passing pointer arguments to makecontext() is possible,
16509 but only on some architectures, and with no guarantees
16512 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504699
16514 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
16516 Various fixes after review by Loïc Domaigne
16517 Reviewed-by: Loïc Domaigne
16519 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
16520 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
16522 Update to reflect new location of CPU_*() documentation
16523 The CPU_*() macros are now documented in CPU_SET.3;
16524 update to reflect that fact.
16526 Remove redundant text relating to CPU sets
16527 Information about CPU_SETSIZE can be found in CPU_SET.3, so
16528 remove discussion of it here.
16530 pthread_attr_setschedparam.3
16531 pthread_setschedparam.3
16533 Remove text saying that only sched_priority is required by POSIX.1
16534 Loïc Domaigne points out that if a system implements
16535 SCHED_SPORADIC (which Linux does not), then other
16536 fields are also specified in sched_param. The simple
16537 solution is just to remove that phrase from the man
16543 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
16545 Make text of ESRCH error consistent
16547 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
16549 Add text to EINVAL error mentioning cpuset(7)
16551 Various improvements after review by Loïc Domaigne
16552 Various fix-ups after Loïc's review.
16554 Reviewed-by: Loïc Domaigne
16556 pthread_setschedparam.3
16558 PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED is default for inherit scheduler attribute
16559 In EXAMPLE, note that PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED is the default for
16560 the inherit scheduler attribute.
16564 LOG_KERN messages can't be generated from user processes
16565 Masanari notes that this is an FAQ for logger(1) and that
16566 Solaris and FreeBSD document this point in syslog(3).
16567 The glibc info page also hides this comment in its source:
16569 Internally, there is also LOG_KERN, but LOG_KERN == 0,
16570 which means if you try to use it here, just selects default.
16574 Fix reference to kernel source file
16575 Use relative reference to Documentation/mtrr.txt.
16579 Add kernel version numbers for /proc interfaces
16583 SEE ALSO: add CPU_SET(3)
16587 Note glibc version that added epoll support
16591 Add kernel version numbers to /proc file descriptions
16595 Fix description of max_user_watches
16596 It seems that inotify(7) is wrong here:
16598 "/proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches
16599 This specifies a limit on the number of watches that can be
16600 associated with each inotify instance."
16602 On my system, the default value for this variable is 8192. But I
16603 cannot create more than 8192 watches in total for the same UID
16604 even when they are on different inotify instances. So I suggest
16605 to rephrase this as: "This specifies an upper limit on the
16606 number of watches that can be created per real user ID."
16610 Reorder socket options alphabetically
16612 Added kernel version numbers for IP_* socket options
16614 Relocate kernel version information for IP_PMTUDISC_PROBE
16616 Add kernel version numbers for /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_* files
16618 Remove mention of kernel header from description of IP_RECVERR
16619 Looks like glibc has had this definition since about version 2.1.
16621 Relocate kernel version information for ip_mreqn structure
16623 Relocate info about Linux-specific sockopts to NOTES
16624 Also add some source comments about non-standard Linux-specific
16625 options that are not yet documented.
16629 Fix incorrect variable names in example code
16634 Add section on cancellation points
16635 This section includes a list of the functions that must and
16636 may be cancellation points.
16638 Rework, and fix small error in, thread-safe function list
16639 Integrate the changes that occurred in POSIX.1-2008 into the
16640 main list (to be consistent with the list, elsewhere on this
16641 page, of functions that are cancellation points).
16643 Also, fix an error that said that strerror() was added to
16644 the list in POSIX.1-2008. It was strsignal() that was
16645 added. (strerror() was already in the list in POSIX.1-2001.)
16647 Tweak text on sigpause() cancellation point
16648 In POSIX.1-2009, this function moves from the "must be"
16649 to the "may be" list.
16651 Add ref to signal(7) for further info on use of real-time signals
16652 signal(7) provides some further details on the use of real-time
16653 signals by the two Linux threading implementations.
16655 SEE ALSO: add pthread_attr_init() and pthread_cancel()
16659 Update description of tcp_rmem defaults for Linux 2.6
16661 Add kernel version numbers for TCP_* socket options
16662 Note kernel version were each socket option first appeared.
16664 The tcp_bic* proc files disappeared in Linux 2.6.13
16666 tcp_vegas_cong_avoid disappeared in Linux 2.6.13
16668 Add mention of RFC 4138 for 'tcp_frto' /proc file
16670 Remove mention of /proc in VERSIONS
16671 This information is not indicated for each /proc interface
16673 Clarify that tcp_mem measures in units of the system page size
16675 Update tcp_frto description for 2.6.22 changes
16676 Linux 2.6.22 added a mode value 2 ("Enable SACK-enhanced
16677 F-RTO if flow uses SACK").
16679 Fix alphabetical order in /proc file list
16680 A few entries were slightly out of order.
16682 Remove obsolete statement about /proc from VERSIONS
16683 Much of the text has been updated to 2.6.27 or so,
16684 so this statement no longer applies.
16686 Add kernel version numbers for each /proc interface
16687 Note kernel version where each /proc interface first appeared
16689 tcp_westwood /proc file disappeared in Linux 2.6.13
16691 Update description of tcp_wmem defaults for Linux 2.6
16694 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.15 ====================
16696 Released: 2008-12-05, Bucaramanga
16702 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
16703 been incorporated in changes in this release:
16705 Andre Majorel <aym-xunil@teaser.fr>
16706 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
16707 Chris Heath <chris@heathens.co.nz>
16708 Drake Wilson <drake@begriffli.ch>
16709 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
16710 Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
16711 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
16712 Mike Fedyk <mfedyk@mikefedyk.com>
16713 Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
16714 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
16715 Phil Endecott <phil_vonar_endecott@chezphil.org>
16716 Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
16717 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
16719 Apologies if I missed anyone!
16722 New and rewritten pages
16723 -----------------------
16727 New page for makedev(), major(), and minor() macros
16729 pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np.3
16731 New page for pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np(3) and
16732 pthread_cleanup_pop_restore_np(3)
16735 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
16736 ---------------------------------------------
16740 Document accept4() system call, new in Linux 2.6.28
16744 Add description of open_wmemstream(3)
16748 Document MSG_TRUNC flag for TCP sockets
16750 New and changed links
16751 ---------------------
16755 New link to accept.2
16756 accept.2 now documents the new accept4() system call.
16760 New link to fmemopen.3
16761 fmemopen.3 now documents open_wmemstream().
16762 pthread_cleanup_pop_restore_np.3
16764 New link to new pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np.3
16778 Global fix: SEE ALSO: add socket(7)
16785 Global fix: s/reserved port/privileged port/
16786 Some pages used one term, some pages the other term;
16787 make some consistency.
16793 Use consistent argument names
16794 Most other sockets pages are using the names 'addr'
16795 and 'addrlen'; make these pages do the same.
16807 SYNOPSIS: Rename socket file descriptor argument to 'sockfd'
16808 Many sockets man pages use the name 'sockfd' already.
16809 For consistency, changes the others to do so as well.
16817 New links to new makedev(3) page
16820 Changes to individual pages
16821 ---------------------------
16825 Since glibc 2.3, the exit() wrapper function invokes exit_group(2)
16826 This information is useful to users of strace(1).
16830 Clarify details when returned address is truncated
16831 If the returned address is truncated, the 'addrlen' argument
16832 indicates the actual size of the address, rather than a count
16833 of the number of bytes in the truncated buffer.
16835 Also clarify that if 'addr' argument is NULL, then 'addrlen'
16836 should is unused, and should also be NULL.
16838 Reorder ERRORS list
16839 Some errors were listed under a separate "may" heading.
16840 There's probably no real need to do this; integrate
16841 those errors into the main list.
16845 Note that since glibc 2.3, exit(2) invokes exit_group()
16849 Mention that glibc provides no wrapper function for futex()
16853 Note that glibc provides no wrapper for this system call
16857 Substantial rewrite
16858 Expand description of setdomainname() and getdomainname().
16859 Note that getdomainname() is implemented as a library function
16861 Note limits on size of domain name.
16862 Reorganize ERRORS list.
16866 Various parts rewritten
16867 Write a paragraph describing sethostname().
16869 Clarify differences between glibc's gethostbyname() and
16870 the kernel gethostbyname() system calls.
16874 Note that HOST_NAME_MAX is 64 on Linux
16875 Also note that in pre-1.0 days, the limit on hostnames
16880 Note that returned address may be truncated if buffer is too small
16884 Simplified version information and moved to a new VERSIONS section
16888 Note that returned address is truncated if buffer is too small
16892 Refer reader to makedev(3) to build a device ID
16896 Loosen language around how 'addr' hint is interpreted
16897 Mel Gorman reported that in Linux 2.6.27, 'addr' is rounded
16898 down to a page boundary.
16900 Before kernel 2.6.26, if 'addr' was taken as a hint, it was
16901 rounded up to the next page boundary. Since Linux 2.6.24,
16902 it is rounded down. Therefore, loosen the description of
16903 this point to say that the address is rounded to "a nearby
16908 EFBIG error is now EOVERFLOW (since Linux 2.6.24)
16909 When a 32-bit app opens a file whose size is too big to be
16910 represented in 31-bits, POSIX.1 specifies the error EOVERFLOW.
16911 Linux used to give EFBIG for this case, but 2.6.24 fixed this.
16913 Also, add some text to describe the error scenario in
16918 Note that glibc emulation for these calls uses lseek(2)
16919 (This makes it clearer that the emulated calls are not atomic.)
16924 Make names of "address" and "address length" args more consistent
16925 Make the names of these arguments more consistent with other
16930 Clarify details when returned address is truncated
16931 If the recvfrom() returned address is truncated, the 'fromlen'
16932 argument indicates the actual size of the address, rather than
16933 a count of the number of bytes in the truncated buffer.
16935 Also clarify that the 'from' argument can be NULL, in which
16936 case 'fromlen' should is unused, and should also be NULL.
16938 Internet datagram and netlink sockets support MSG_TRUNC for recv(2)
16939 Internet datagram (since Linux 2.4.27/2.6.8),
16940 and netlink (since Linux 2.6.22) sockets support
16941 the MSG_TRUNC flag for recv(2).
16945 Rewrote text describing feature test macros requirement for pselect()
16949 Fix SHUT_FD* macros in example program
16950 Add "do {} while (0)"
16954 Note that glibc provides no wrapper for this system call
16959 Simplify version information and move to a VERSIONS section
16963 Rework RETURN VALUE section; add an ERRORS section
16967 Relocate some CONFORMING TO text to VERSIONS and NOTES
16971 Document EOVERFLOW error
16973 Refer reader to major() and minor() to decompose a device ID
16977 Fix version numbers for a few system calls
16978 Some 2.6 system calls were wrongly mentioned as also being
16979 backported into a 2.4.x kernel.
16983 DESCRIPTION: Point reader at NOTES for further info on field lengths
16987 Fix return value description
16988 The correct range for the return value is [-pi/2,pi/2].
16989 (mtk's fix in the last change to the return value text was
16990 a botch-up of a (correct) suggestion by Nicolas François.)
16994 atexit() and on_exit(3) register functions on the same list
16996 Terminating registered function using longjmp() is undefined
16997 According to POSIX.1, using longjmp() to terminate execution of
16998 a function registered using atexit() produces undefined results.
17000 Calling exit(3) more than once produces undefined results
17001 If an exit handler itself calls exit(3), the results are
17002 undefined (see the POSIX.1-2001 specification of exit(3)).
17004 The same exit handler may be registered multiple times
17006 Calling _exit(2) terminates processing of exit handlers
17008 Terminating registered function using longjmp() is undefined
17009 According to POSIX.1, using longjmp() to terminate execution of
17010 a function registered using atexit() produces undefined results.
17014 SYNOPSIS: s/\*\*/*/ in prototype
17016 Fix errors regarding port used, plus other rewrites
17017 Glibc's bindresvport() takes no notice of sin->sin_port:
17018 it always returns an arbitrary reserved port in the
17019 anonymous range (512-1023). (Reported by Mats Wichmann.)
17022 * Add EADDRINUSE and EACCES errors.
17023 * Mention use of getsockname(2).
17024 * Other minor rewrites and reorderings of the text.
17025 * Explicitly note that glib's bindresvport() ignores
17027 * Change license There's now virtually no text remaining from
17028 the 1.70 version of this page.
17030 Reviewed-by: Mats Wichmann
17031 Reviewed-by: Petr Baudis
17035 Describe confusing dladdr() behavior
17036 dladdr() will act unexpectedly if called from non-pic code on a
17037 compile-time-generated function pointer.
17041 Add VERSIONS section
17043 SEE OPEN: Add fopencookie(3)
17044 fopencookie(3) is used to implement fmemopen().
17048 SEE ALSO: Add fmemopen(3) and fopencookie(3)
17052 fopencookie() needs _GNU_SOURCE feature test macro
17056 Document results ordering and /etc/gai.conf
17057 This patch documents the order of the getaddrinfo(3) results
17058 (RFC 3484), how should the application deal with that,
17059 mentions the extremely common cause of having multiple
17060 results per query (both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses available)
17061 and mentions /etc/gai.conf.
17063 (mtk: Minor tweaks, and note glibc version for /etc/gai.conf)
17067 Complete rewrite of this page, with rather more detail
17071 Remove sentence saying that libc 5.0.9 is still widely used
17072 That was a *long* time ago.
17076 Document handling of registrations on fork(2) and execve(2)
17077 Treatment in these cases is the same as for atexit(3).
17079 Arg given to registered function is status from *last* call to exit()
17080 It's a subtle point, but if a registered function itself
17081 calls exit(3), then subsequent functions that were registered
17082 with on_exit(3) will see the exit status given to the more
17083 recent exit(3) call.
17085 Note that same function may be registered multiple times
17090 Clean up the description of LANGUAGE environment variable
17091 Clean up the $LANGUAGE description, by removing bogus comments
17092 from setlocale(3) and expanding the mention in locale(7).
17094 Maybe you will decide that a more detailed description
17095 should be left to the gettext(3) documentation, but I
17096 actually care about the invisible part of the patch more
17097 since the comments have put me off the track initially
17098 ($LANGUAGE has nothing to do with setlocale(3) and is
17099 completely isolated to gettext, as obvious from the
17104 /proc/stat: s/minor/disk_idx/ in description of /proc/stat
17105 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=225619
17109 Various minor fixes as per Debian bug 471029
17110 The relevant pieces of
17111 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=471029 are:
17113 - Delete duplicate subentry for KEYCTL_CHOWN/KEYCTL_SETPERM
17114 operations in the CAP_SYS_ADMIN entry. (It feels like that
17115 capability entry should be converted to a list, but I've
17116 left it in semicolon-delimited form for now.)
17118 - Remove text about ENFILE from the text about the
17119 /proc/sys/fs/file-max limit in the CAP_SYS_ADMIN entry, since
17120 this is already described in the man pages for the relevant
17121 ofile-creating system calls.
17123 - Correct or clarify a few other bits of grammar and such;
17124 see the diff file itself for details.
17128 SEE ALSO: add tcp(7) and udp(7)
17132 Relocate out-of-band data discussion
17133 Move to a new subsection entitled "Sockets API".
17135 Note that MSG_PEEK can be used on out-of-band data
17139 SEE ALSO: add clock_gettime(3)
17143 Unix domain sockets don't support the recv() MSG_TRUNC flag
17145 Retitled subsection "(Un)supported features" to "Sockets API"
17146 This is consistent with the recent change in tcp(7).
17150 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.16 ====================
17152 Released: 2009-01-13, Christchurch
17158 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
17159 been incorporated in changes in this release:
17161 Colin Watson <cjwatson@ubuntu.com>
17162 Florentin Duneau <fduneau@gmail.com>
17163 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
17165 Apologies if I missed anyone!
17168 New and rewritten pages
17169 -----------------------
17171 pthread_getcpuclockid.3
17173 New page documenting pthread_getcpuclockid(3)
17177 New page giving brief overview of C libraries on Linux
17181 New page documenting dynamic linker auditing API
17184 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
17185 ---------------------------------------------
17191 Document LD_POINTER_GUARD
17194 New and changed links
17195 ---------------------
17199 New link to new page location in Section 3
17203 Change link to point to new page location in Section 3
17207 New link to relocated page in Section 3
17211 New link to new libc.7
17218 feature_test_macros.7
17221 SEE ALSO: add libc(7)
17226 SEE ALSO: add rtld-audit(7)
17229 Changes to individual pages
17230 ---------------------------
17235 The interfaces documented in this page are purely glibc.
17239 Kernel 2.6.28 adds accept4()
17243 SEE ALSO: Add pthread_getcpuclockid(3)
17247 Fix VERSIONS information
17251 Before version 2.2, glibc stored the host ID in /var/adm/hostid
17252 Also: rewrite some text describing the /etc/hostid file, so that
17253 this location is referred to just once on the page.
17255 RETURN VALUE: describe return value of sethostid()
17257 Added BUGS section noting that ID can't be guaranteed to be unique
17259 Added ERRORS section describing errors for sethostid()
17261 Update section number to reflect relocation into Section 3
17265 Source and destination buffers may not overlap for *s*printf()
17266 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7075
17268 Some existing code relies on techniques like the following to
17269 append text to a buffer:
17273 char buf[80] = "not ";
17276 sprintf(buf, "%sfail", buf);
17285 However, the standards say the results are undefined if source
17286 and destination buffers overlap, and with suitable compiler
17287 options, recent changes can cause unexpected results:
17289 $ cc -v 2>&1 | grep gcc
17290 gcc version 4.3.1 20080507 (prerelease) [gcc-4_3-branch revision 135036] (SUSE Linux)
17291 $ cc -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE -O2 s.c
17297 Rewrite text describing 'dirent' fields standardized in POSIX.1
17299 Clarify text for return value/errno setting for end-of-stream case
17303 Correct NOTES section on reloading configuration files
17304 It behaved this way at least since
17305 "Sun Oct 18 15:02:11 1998 +0000",
17306 some four months after including the nscd implementation
17307 in glibc. But there does seem to be a short window between
17308 glibc-2.1 and glibc-2.1.3 when nscd -i was not available,
17309 I don't think it's worth muddling the point of the page
17313 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.17 ====================
17315 Released: 2009-01-19, Hobart
17321 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
17322 been incorporated in changes in this release:
17324 Adeodato Simó <dato@net.com.org.es>
17325 Bastien ROUCARIES <roucaries.bastien@gmail.com>
17326 Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
17327 Lefteris Dimitroulakis <edimitro@tee.gr>
17328 Mads Martin Joergensen <mmj@mmj.dk>
17329 Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
17330 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
17331 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
17332 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
17333 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
17334 Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
17336 Apologies if I missed anyone!
17339 New and rewritten pages
17340 -----------------------
17344 New page documenting byte order conversion functions
17345 Document functions (new in glibc 2.9) for conversion between
17346 host byte order and big-/little- endian byte order:
17347 htobe16(), htole16(), be16toh(), le16toh(),
17348 htobe32(), htole32(), be32toh(), le32toh(),
17349 htobe64(), htole64(), be64toh(), le64toh()
17353 New page documenting getifaddrs(3) and freeifaddrs(3)
17354 Many edits and changes of Petr's initial draft by mtk
17357 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17358 New page documenting CP 1251 (Windows Cyrillic) character set
17361 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17362 New page documenting ISO 8859-10 character set
17365 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17366 New page documenting ISO 8859-13 character set
17369 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17370 New page documenting ISO 8859-14 character set
17373 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17374 New page documenting ISO 8859-3 character set
17377 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17378 New page documenting ISO 8859-5 character set
17381 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17382 New page documenting ISO 8859-8 character set
17385 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17386 New page documenting KOI8-U character set
17389 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
17390 ---------------------------------------------
17394 Document /proc interfaces for limiting kernel memory usage
17395 Document the following /proc files that were added in
17397 /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_instances
17398 /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_watches
17402 Document recently added interface flags
17403 IFF_LOWER_UP (since Linux 2.6.17)
17404 IFF_DORMANT (since Linux 2.6.17)
17405 IFF_ECHO (since Linux 2.6.25)
17407 Documentation taken from comments in <linux/if.h>
17410 New and changed links
17411 ---------------------
17415 New link to new getifaddrs.3
17430 New links to new endian.3
17436 New links to new iso_8859-10.7
17442 New links to new iso_8859-13.7
17448 New links to new iso_8859-14.7
17454 New links to new iso_8859-3.7
17459 New links to new iso_8859-5.7
17464 New links to new iso_8859-8.7
17467 Changes to individual pages
17468 ---------------------------
17472 SEE ALSO: Add getifaddrs(3)
17476 Document EMFILE error
17477 This error is encountered when the limit imposed by
17478 /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_instances is encountered.
17480 Clarify distinction between epoll instance and epoll file descriptor
17481 Reword so that the notion of an epoll instance is made clear,
17482 and made distinct from the notion of an epoll file descriptor.
17483 Some other minor rewordings also.
17487 Reordered parts of the text
17489 Introduce notion of epoll instance
17490 Introduce notion of epoll instance as distinct from
17491 epoll file descriptor. Plus other wording clean-ups.
17493 Document ENOSPC error (new in Linux 2.6.28)
17494 This error results when the limit imposed by
17495 /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_watches is encountered.
17499 Introduce the notion of an epoll instance into text
17503 Before kernel < 2.6.4, 'd_type' was effectively always DT_UNKNOWN
17507 Rename file (was misnamed gethostd.2 in previous release)
17511 SEE ALSO: Add getifaddrs(3)
17515 Fix description of fork() semantics
17516 The page text described the semantics of the initial
17517 implementation of signalfd(). These were changed early on,
17518 but the man page wasn't updated.
17522 SEE ALSO: add endian(3)
17526 Clarify wording re saving/restoring signal mask
17528 siglongjmp() restores signal mask iff 'savesigs' was non-zero
17529 Note that siglongjmp() restores signal mask if, and only
17530 if, 'savesigs' argument of sigsetjmp() was non-zero. (Previous
17531 text omitted the "and only if".)
17535 Fix CONFORMING TO: s/C99/POSIX.1-2001/
17537 If the memory areas overlap, the results are undefined
17541 Rename file (was misnamed sethostd.3 in previous release)
17545 Clarify wording re saving/restoring signal mask
17547 Clarify when setjmp() provides BSD vs System V signal mask semantics
17551 BUGS: explicitly list problems afflicting strsep()
17552 Previously, the page said this function suffered the same
17553 problems as strtok(), but in fact strsep() doesn't suffer
17554 from all of the same problems as strtok(), so explicitly
17555 list just the problems of strsep() in the strsep.3 page.
17559 Add pointer to epoll(7) for description of epoll /proc files
17563 Various wording changes to improve clarity and consistency
17566 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.18 ====================
17568 Released: 2009-02-10, Christchurch
17574 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
17575 been incorporated in changes in this release:
17577 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
17578 Bastien ROUCARIES <roucaries.bastien@gmail.com>
17579 Christian Siebert <christian.siebert@s2000.tu-chemnitz.de>
17580 Christopher Head <chead@telus.net>
17581 Florentin Duneau <fduneau@gmail.com>
17582 Guillem Jover <guillem@debian.org>
17583 Lefteris Dimitroulakis <edimitro@tee.gr>
17584 Lucio Maciel <luciofm@gmail.com>
17585 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
17586 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
17587 Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
17588 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
17589 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
17590 Satyam Sharma <ssatyam@cse.iitk.ac.in>
17591 Sebastian Kienzl <seb@riot.org>
17592 Timo Sirainen <tss@iki.fi>
17593 Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
17595 Apologies if I missed anyone!
17598 New and rewritten pages
17599 -----------------------
17602 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17603 New page documenting ArmSCII-8 character set
17606 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17607 New page documenting ISO 8859-11 character set
17610 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17611 New page documenting ISO 8859-4 character set
17614 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17615 New page describing ISO 8859-6 character set
17619 New page documenting pthread_kill(3)
17621 pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3
17623 New page documenting pthread_kill_other_threads_np(3)
17627 New page documenting pthread_sigmask(3)
17630 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
17631 ---------------------------------------------
17635 Document CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW, new in 2.6.28
17638 New and changed links
17639 ---------------------
17647 Update links to reflect the fact that clock_* pages are now in
17653 New links to new iso_8859-11.7
17659 New links to new iso_8859-4.7
17664 New links to new iso_8859-6.7
17668 New link to new iso_8859-11.7
17678 clock_getcpuclockid.3
17681 pthread_getcpuclockid.3
17682 pthread_tryjoin_np.3
17686 Global fix: Fix xrefs to clock_*.? pages to reflect move to section 2
17694 pthread_getcpuclockid.3
17700 Global fix: s/(3)/(2)/ in section number xrefs for timer_*() API
17701 The POSIX timers API is implemented (mostly) within the kernel,
17702 so these interfaces are system calls. Although there are as yet
17703 no man pages, when they are added they should be in Section 2,
17704 not 3. Therefore fix those pages that currently refer to these
17705 interfaces as being in Section 3.
17708 Changes to individual pages
17709 ---------------------------
17713 Add some details and relocate a paragraph
17714 While writing a little program using capset
17715 I found the capset manpage quite light on crucial
17716 details and I had to resort to RTFS.
17718 This patch improves the points I found unclear
17719 and also moves one misplaced paragraph around.
17723 Move page from Section 3 to Section 2
17727 glibc eventfd() supports the use of eventfd2() since version 2.9
17731 SEE ALSO: add daemon(3)
17735 Remove unneeded HAVE_D_TYPE from example program
17736 Since d_type will always just return DT_UNKNOWN before
17737 kernel 2.6.4, we don't need to use a conditional for
17738 determining whether we use this flag.
17742 Relocated misplaced BUGS heading
17746 Clean up error checking in example program (no semantic changes)
17748 Many parts tidied and rewritten
17749 Remove some redundant text, clarify various pieces,
17750 tidy example code, etc.
17752 Bug fixes + rewrites in example program
17753 Sebastien pointed out that the first example program
17754 wrongly thinks it can count signals.
17755 Also, some further rewrites by mtk.
17759 BUGS: Remove discussion SOCK_UUCP
17760 As time goes on, this sentence becomes less a piece of humor,
17765 Note that open(O_NOATIME) also causes st_atime not to be updated
17769 Add BUGS noting that timerfd supports fewer clock types than
17774 SEE ALSO: add wctob(3)
17776 clock_getcpuclockid.3
17778 SEE ALSO: add pthread_getcpuclockid(3)
17782 SEE ALSO: add sincos(3)
17786 Note that fexecve() depends on a mounted /proc
17787 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=514043
17789 CONFORMING TO: note addition of fexecve() in POSIX.1-2008
17791 'fd' must be opened read-only and refer to a file that is executable
17795 CONFORMING TO: note that these functions are in POSIX.1-2008
17799 Fix memory leak in example program
17801 Various small fixes
17805 SEE ALSO: add getspnam(3)
17809 Updated glibc version number in NOTES
17813 SEE ALSO: add significand(3)
17817 SEE ALSO: add libc(7)
17821 Fix statement that isalpa() is obsolete; should be isascii()
17822 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=512709
17824 SEE ALSO: add toascii(3)
17828 Add cross reference to pthread_attr_init(3)
17830 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
17832 SYNOPSIS: Fix declaration of 'attr'
17834 pthread_getcpuclockid.3
17836 SYNOPSIS: fix type of 'thread'
17840 EXAMPLE: remove unnecessary "#include <unistd.h>"
17844 SEE ALSO: add random_r(3)
17848 SEE ALSO: add div(3)
17852 CONFORMING TO: alphasort() and scandir() are added to POSIX.1-2008
17854 CONFORMING TO: note that versionsort() was added to glibc in
17859 SEE ALSO: add clock_gettime(2)
17863 Add CONFORMING TO noting that this function is unstandardized
17867 Add EXAMPLES section referring to pthread_sigmask(3)
17871 SEE ALSO: add sincos(3)
17875 Add BUGS section noting the possibility of buffer overruns
17877 Add missing pieces/fix various problems in example program
17879 CONFORMING TO: stpcpy() is nowadays on the BSDs
17881 SEE ALSO: add stpcpy.3
17885 CONFORMING TO: note that this function is added in POSIX.1-2008
17889 CONFORMING TO: note that this function was added in POSIX.1-2008
17893 CONFORMING TO: note that this function is added in POSIX.1-2008
17897 SEE ALSO: add btowc(3)
17901 Remove mention of epoll/max_user_instances
17902 (Since this interface appeared in 2.6.28, and then
17903 disappeared in 2.6.29.)
17907 Update SEE ALSO list to include pages added in 3.17
17909 SEE ALSO: add recently added iso_8859-*(7) pages
17913 remove documentation of /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_instances
17914 This /proc interface appeared in 2.6.28. but will be
17917 Also, document change in default value of
17918 /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_watches (was 1/32 of lowmem,
17919 now 1/25 of lowmem).
17923 SEE ALSO: add koi8-u(7); remove crufty text
17927 Update to note that latest POSIX/SUS was ratified in 2008
17931 SEE ALSO: add pthread_getcpuclockid(3)
17934 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.19 ====================
17936 Released: 2009-02-20, Putaruru
17942 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
17943 been incorporated in changes in this release:
17945 Christian Siebert <christian.siebert@gmail.com>
17946 Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
17947 Jens Thoms Toerring <jt@toerring.de>
17948 Kir Kolyshkin <kir@openvz.org>
17949 Mark Hills <mark@pogo.org.uk>
17950 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
17951 Parag Warudkar <parag.lkml@gmail.com>
17952 Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
17953 Sami Liedes <sliedes@cc.hut.fi>
17955 Apologies if I missed anyone!
17958 New and rewritten pages
17959 -----------------------
17963 New page documenting timer_create(2)
17967 New page documenting timer_delete(2)
17971 New page documenting timer_getoverrun(2)
17975 New page documenting timer_settime(2) and timer_gettime(2)
17978 New and changed links
17979 ---------------------
17983 New link to new timer_settime.2
17991 Trivial punctuation fixes in SEE ALSO
17992 In SEE ALSO, when a few man pages are referenced, those
17993 are divided by commas. Every reference is on a separate
17994 line, and all lines but the last one should end with
17995 comma. I spotted one place where there is no comma in
17996 between references, and mocked up an awk script to find
17999 for f in man*/*; do
18001 /^.SH ["]SEE ALSO["]/ {
18002 sa=1; print "== " FILENAME " =="; print; next
18011 print "Missing comma in " FILENAME " +" FNR-1; no=0
18026 done | fgrep 'Missing comma'
18028 This patch fixes all the places found by the above script.
18030 Also, there is an extra dot at the end of uri.7 "SEE ALSO"
18031 section. Removed as per man-pages(7) recommendation.
18034 Changes to individual pages
18035 ---------------------------
18038 clock_getcpuclockid.3
18041 SEE ALSO: add timer_create(2)
18045 Rename arguments for consistency with other timer pages
18046 Also some other minor wording improvements
18050 ERRORS: Add EINVAL case for file opened O_APPEND
18051 Target file cannot be opened in append (O_APPEND) mode
18053 In kernels prior to v2.6.27 splice() to a file in
18054 append mode is broken, and since that version it is
18055 disallowed. It is possible this behaviour may change
18056 in the future; see the kernel commit message
18057 (efc968d450e013049a662d22727cf132618dcb2f) for more
18062 Note that getpmsg(2) and putmsg(2) are unimplemented
18063 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=514771
18071 Rename timerfd_settime() 'curr_value' arg to 'old_value'
18072 For consistency with related pages.
18076 CONFORMING TO: Add 32-bit specific
18077 Note that this call is only on *32-bit* Intel
18081 ERRORS: add ENOENT error for name == "/"
18085 ERRORS: Add EACCES error for name containing > 1 slash
18089 ERRORS: add EINVAL error where name == "/"
18092 Jens Thoms Toerring
18093 Add case of non-well-formed name to ENOENT
18097 Clarify rules for construction of shared memory object names
18101 Add description of /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq
18102 Reported by: Goerghe Cosorea <gheorghe.coserea@gmail.com>
18106 Put /proc/modules entry in correct alphabetical order
18110 Fix formatting of tables on second page to use monospaced font
18114 Clarify construction rules for message queue object names
18118 Clarify construction rules for semaphore object names
18119 See also http://groups.google.com/group/comp.os.linux.development.apps/browse_thread/thread/b4a67caa765cb65f
18123 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.20 ====================
18125 Released: 2009-03-31, Christchurch
18131 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
18132 been incorporated in changes in this release:
18134 Alan Curry <pacman@kosh.dhis.org>
18135 Américo Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
18136 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
18137 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@systemhalted.org>
18138 Chunming Chang <cchang@aerohive.com>
18139 Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
18140 Eelco Dolstra <e.dolstra@tudelft.nl>
18141 Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
18142 Jens Thoms Toerring <jt@toerring.de>
18143 Johannes Stezenbach <js@sig21.net>
18144 Leandro A. F. Pereira <leandro@tia.mat.br>
18145 Martin Gebert <martin.gebert@alpha-bit.de>
18146 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
18147 Mike O'Connor <stew@vireo.org>
18148 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
18149 Nikanth Karthikesan <knikanth@suse.de>
18150 Reuben Thomas <rrt@femur.dyndns.org>
18151 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
18152 Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
18153 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
18154 Simon Gomizelj <simongmzlg@gmail.com>
18155 Tanaka Akira <akr@fsij.org>
18156 Teddy Hogeborn <teddy@fukt.bsnet.se>
18157 Walter Jontofsohn <wjontofs@atriumberlin.de>
18159 Apologies if I missed anyone!
18162 New and rewritten pages
18163 -----------------------
18167 New page for cpuid access device
18171 New page documenting x86 CPU MSR access device
18174 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
18175 ---------------------------------------------
18179 Document /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
18181 Document /proc/sysrq-trigger
18193 Make source layout of 'Link with' text consistent with other pages
18194 No actual change to formatted output, but this makes the
18195 page sources more consistent for the purpose of grepping, etc.
18201 Global fix: acknowledge FSF in copyright
18202 These pages are heavily based on original material in
18203 glibc info pages, but the comments in the source of the pages
18204 did not acknowledge the FSF copyright on the original material.
18213 Fix discussion of EAGAIN/EWOULDBLOCK errors
18214 For a non-blocking socket, POSIX.1-2001/2008 allow either
18215 EAGAIN or EWOULDBLOCK to be returned in cases where a call
18216 would have blocked. Although these constants are defined
18217 with the same value on most Linux architectures (PA-RISC
18218 is the exception), POSIX.1 does not require them to have
18219 the same value. Therefore, a portable application using
18220 the sockets API should test for both errors when checking
18223 (NB POSIX.1 only mentions EWOULDBLOCK in the context of
18224 the sockets interfaces.)
18226 Change made after a note cross-posted on linux-arch@vger,
18227 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.debian.ports.hppa/5615
18228 and a suggestion for write(2) from Carlos O'Donell
18237 Note that returned pointer should not be given to free()
18258 Add explicit character set encoding to first line of source
18259 Nowadays mandb has provision to understand a character set
18260 encoding that is explicitly indicated in the first line
18261 of the source. As pointed out by Colin Watson, including
18262 such an explicit indication on pages encoded in anything
18263 other than ISO 8859-1 or UTF-8 is useful for man-pages
18264 that aren't shipped in UTF-8.
18266 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=519209
18267 and for some other background (responded to by Colin Watson
18268 in the above report):
18269 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.internationalization.linux/6040
18270 ("man page encoding", 5 Jul 2005)
18273 Changes to individual pages
18274 ---------------------------
18278 VERSIONS: glibc support is provided since version 2.10
18282 Remove mention of EWOULDBLOCK from discussion of mandatory locking
18283 In the kernel, the error on encountering a mandatory lock is
18284 EAGAIN. Although EAGAIN and EWOULDBLOCK are the same on
18285 most Linux architectures, on some they are not, so don't
18286 mention EWOULDBLOCK as it is misleading. (Mea culpa.)
18290 Note that POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of getcontext()
18294 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends POSIX timers API instead of this API
18298 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends clock_gettime() instead of this API
18302 Note use of 'data' for PTRACE_SYS{CALL,EMU} and PTRACE_*_SINGLESTEP
18303 These operations use the 'data' argument as a signal number,
18308 only reference <sys/user.h>
18309 The kernel no longer installs linux/user.h, so update
18310 references to sys/user.h.
18314 Add 'iovec' defn to defn of 'msghdr' structure
18315 The 'msghdr' structure includes a field of type 'iovec',
18316 so show the definition of that structure in this page.
18320 Make ENOENT description consistent with POSIX.1-2008
18324 ERRORS: add EINVAL for invalid 'flags' for timer_settime()
18328 SYNOPSIS: Fix description of feature test macro requirements
18329 After a report by Arvid Norlander.
18333 Note that POSIX.1-2008 removes specification of bcopy()
18337 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends sigaction(2) instead of this API
18341 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends strftime(3) instead of these functions
18345 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends sprintf(3) instead of these functions
18349 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends sprintf(3) instead of this function
18353 Note that getcwd() should be used instead of the obsolete getwd()
18357 Returned buffer may be statically allocated and overwritten by
18362 POSIX.1-2008 recommends getaddrinfo(3) and getnameinfo(3) instead
18366 Fix function name in text: s/getnetbynumber_r/getnetbyaddr_r/
18367 The SYNOPSIS showed the right function name (getnetbyaddr_r),
18368 but the text repeatedly used the wrong name (getnetbynumber_r).
18369 Probably, this was a cut-and-paste error.
18373 Returned buffer may be statically allocated and overwritten by
18378 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends strchr(3) and strrchr(3) instead
18382 Explain why POSIX.1-2008 marks isascii(3) obsolete
18385 Nikanth Karthikesan
18386 Update pointer to documentation in kernel source
18390 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends the use of POSIX threads instead
18394 Document the POSIX.1-2008 optional EINVAL error
18395 POSIX.1-2008 allows an optional EINVAL error if
18396 notification==NULL and the caller is not currently
18397 registered to receive notifications.
18401 Clarify that EINVAL also occurs of 'len' *equals* zero
18402 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12919
18406 Document POSIX.1-2001 and POSIX.1-2008 specifications for EINVAL error
18407 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12919
18411 Document handling of size==0 case for posix_memalign()
18415 Fix error in DESCRIPTION: s/pthread_create/pthread_exit/
18419 Rework resolved_path==NULL discussion w.r.t. POSIX.1-200[18]
18420 Although the page already mentioned the resolved_path==NULL
18421 feature, and that this feature was added in POSIX.1-2008, there
18422 was still some crufty text in BUGS that hadn't been updated to
18423 reflect the POSIX.1-2008 changes.
18425 Also, some other minor wording and grammar fixes.
18429 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends scalbln*(3) instead
18433 SYNOPSIS: Fix type of 'offset' argument: s/off_t/long/
18434 And add a NOTES section pointing out that 'off_t'
18435 was indeed used in glibc 2.1.1 and earlier.
18436 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=519230
18440 Document EOVERFLOW error
18444 Recast discussion on name length to exclude terminating NULL byte
18445 Probably it's clearer to describe the length of the IPC object
18446 name as a count that excludes the null terminator.
18450 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends sigaction() instead
18454 Note APIs that POSIX.1-2008 recommends instead of these obsolete APIs
18458 Small fix to description of %G
18459 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=516677
18463 Add details on ISO 8601 week-based dates
18464 ISO 8602 week-based dates are relevant for %G, %g, and %V,
18465 and the existing details on these dates are a little thin.
18469 Remove mention of year from ISO 8601 standard
18470 The text mentioned the 1988 8601 standard, but there have
18471 already been two revisions of the standard since then, so
18472 simply remove mention of the year.
18476 SYNOPSIS: Fix return type: s/off_t/long/
18477 And add a NOTES section pointing out that 'off_t'
18478 was indeed used in glibc 2.1.1 and earlier.
18479 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=519230
18483 Note that on some systems, <=, >=, == don't work for timercmp()
18487 SYNOPSIS: Fix return types of timerisset() and timercmp()
18491 Note why POSIX.1-2008 marks this function obsolete
18495 Fix 'argp' type for KDGETLED description
18496 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=517485
18500 Various minor rewordings and improvements
18504 Document 'ip6-bytestring' option
18508 Document 'edns0' option
18512 Document 'ip6-dotint' / 'no-ip6-dotint' option
18516 Note that maximum value of 'ndots' option is capped to 15
18520 Note that maximum value of 'timeout' option is capped to 30
18524 Add description of /srv
18525 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=520904
18529 Fix type used to declare sin6_port
18530 The page should use the type specified by POSIX,
18531 rather than the (equivalent) type used in the kernel
18535 Fix types used to declare sin6_family and sin6_port
18536 The page should use the types specified by POSIX,
18537 rather than the (equivalent) types used in the kernel.
18539 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=517074
18543 Recast discussion on name length to exclude terminating NULL byte
18544 Probably it's clearer to describe the length of the IPC object
18545 name as a count that excludes the null terminator.
18549 Note that multiple libraries in LD_AUDIT doesn't work
18550 This is reportedly fixed in glibc 2.10.
18551 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=9733
18555 Fix discussion of length of semaphore names
18556 Because of the "sem." prefix added by glibc to a semaphore
18557 name, the limit on the length of the name (excluding the
18558 terminating null byte) is 251 characters.
18561 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.21 ====================
18563 Released: 2009-04-15, Los Gatos
18569 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
18570 been incorporated in changes in this release:
18572 Frank Dana <ferdnyc@gmail.com>
18573 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
18574 Roman Byshko <rbyshko@gmail.com>
18576 Apologies if I missed anyone!
18579 New and rewritten pages
18580 -----------------------
18582 pthread_setconcurrency.3
18584 New page documenting pthread_setconcurrency(3) and
18585 pthread_getconcurrency(3)
18589 New page documenting pthread_yield(3)
18592 New and changed links
18593 ---------------------
18595 pthread_getconcurrency.3
18597 New link to new pthread_setconcurrency(3)
18599 Changes to individual pages
18600 ---------------------------
18604 Various minor wording improvements
18608 Add missing word in description
18610 feature_test_macros.7
18612 Update for glibc 2.10 changes to <features.h>
18613 From glibc 2.10, <features.h> understands the values 200809
18614 for _POSIX_C_SOURCE and 700 for _XOPEN_SOURCE, and makes
18615 corresponding changes to defaults for other feature test macros.
18617 Add an example program
18618 This example program makes it possible to explore what
18619 feature test macros are set depending on the glibc version
18620 and the macros that are explicitly set.
18624 /etc/ld.so.conf also include libraries found in /lib and /usr/lib
18627 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.22 ====================
18629 Released: 2009-07-25, Munich
18635 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
18636 been incorporated in changes in this release:
18638 Adrian Dewhurst <sailor@sailorfrag.net>
18639 Alexander Lamaison <awl03@doc.ic.ac.uk>
18640 Bryan Østergaard <kloeri@exherbo.org>
18641 Christopher Head <chead@telus.net>
18642 Doug Goldstein <cardoe@gentoo.org>
18643 Florentin Duneau <fduneau@gmail.com>
18644 Gokdeniz Karadag <gokdenizk@gmail.com>
18645 Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
18646 KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
18647 Lucian Adrian Grijincu <lucian.grijincu@gmail.com>
18648 Mark Hills <mark@pogo.org.uk>
18649 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
18650 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
18651 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
18652 Reimar Döffinger <Reimar.Doeffinger@gmx.de>
18653 Ricardo Garcia <rg3.zeluan@gmail.com>
18654 Rui Rlex <rui.rlex@gmail.com>
18655 Shachar Shemesh <shachar@debian.org>
18656 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
18657 ku roi <kuroibox@yahoo.de>
18658 sobtwmxt <sobtwmxt@sdf.lonestar.org>
18660 Apologies if I missed anyone!
18663 Changes to individual pages
18664 ---------------------------
18668 Rewrite crufty text about number of args in older version of clone()
18669 Some bit rot had crept in regarding the discussion of the
18670 number of arguments in older versions of this syscall.
18671 Simplify the text to just say that Linux 2.4 and earlier
18672 didn't have ptid, tls, and ctid arguments.
18674 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=533868
18676 Fix version number for CLONE_NEWIPC
18677 It's 2.6.19, not 2.4.19.
18679 Fix errors in argument names in text (ptid, ctd)
18683 Remove erroneous statement that pending signal set is cleared
18688 The kernel source file mandatory.txt is now mandatory-locking.txt
18690 The Documentation/* files are now in Documentation/filesystems
18694 Remove unneeded reference to Documentation/mandatory.txt
18695 Mandatory locks are only implemented by fcntl() locking
18697 The Documentation/* files are now in Documentation/filesystems
18701 Document fork() behaviour for the Linux native AIO io_context
18702 It was noted on lkml that the fork behaviour is documented
18703 for the POSIX AIO calls, but not for the Linux native calls.
18704 Here is a patch which adds a small blurb that folks will
18705 hopefully find useful.
18707 Upon fork(), the child process does not inherit the
18708 io_context_t data structures returned by io_setup,
18709 and thus cannot submit further asynchronous I/O or
18710 reap event completions for said contexts.
18714 The d_type field is fully supported on Btrfs
18718 Document MS_STRICTATIME, update description of MS_RELATIME
18719 Starting with Linux 2.6.30, the MS_RELATIME behavior became
18720 the default, and MS_STRICTATIME is required to obtain the
18721 traditional semantics.
18725 Remove EBADF error from ERRORS
18726 As reported by Motohiro:
18728 "man poll" describe this error code.
18731 > EBADF An invalid file descriptor was given in one of the sets.
18733 but current kernel implementation ignore invalid file descriptor,
18737 In the other hand, SUSv3 talk about
18740 > The specified fd value is invalid. This flag is only valid in the
18741 > revents member; it shall ignored in the events member.
18745 > If the value of fd is less than 0, events shall be ignored, and
18746 > ireevents shall be set to 0 in that entry on return from poll().
18748 but, no desribe EBADF.
18749 (see http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/poll.html)
18751 So, I think the implementation is correct.
18753 Why don't we remove EBADF description?
18757 Expand description of si_utime and si_stime fields of siginfo_t
18761 Improve wording of ENOTDIR error
18765 Add preadv() and pwritev(), new in kernel 2.6.30
18769 Document CLD_DUMPED and CLD_TRAPPED si_code values
18773 Clarify discussion of 'noclose' and 'nochdir' arguments
18777 SEE ALSO: add memchr(3)
18781 Relocate BUGS section to correct position
18783 NOTES: there is no file descriptor associated with the returned stream
18784 Alexander Lamaison pointed out that this is not obvious
18785 from the documentation, citing an example with passing the
18786 FILE * handle to a function that tries to fstat() its
18787 fileno() in order to determine the buffer size.
18789 CONFORMING TO: remove note that these functions are GNU extensions
18790 That sentence is now redundant, since these functions
18791 are added in POSIX.1-2008.
18795 Clarify relationship between fcntl() and lockf() locking
18799 SEE ALSO: add ffs(3)
18803 The d_type field is fully supported on Btrfs
18807 Fix typo and clarify RETURN description
18808 The word "signal" was duplicated in NOTES, and the RETURN
18809 section refers to setjmp() and sigsetjmp(), and mentions
18810 longjmp(), but not siglongjmp().
18814 SEE ALSO: add strverscmp(3)
18818 SEE ALSO: Add strdup(3)
18822 Add missing header file for example program
18824 Fix type used in example code
18825 man complex (from release 3.18) contains the following code:
18826 complex z = cexp(I * pi);
18827 Reading the C99 standard, "complex" is not a valid type,
18828 and several compilers (Intel ICC, ARM RVCT) will refuse to compile.
18830 double complex z = cexp(I * pi); instead.
18834 Note that last element in environ array is NULL
18835 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=528628
18841 Note that mkdir and mount commands here need superuser privilege
18843 Fix example showing contents of /dev/mqueue file
18847 Remove references to dated books
18848 Gallmeister and Lewine are rather old books. Probably,
18849 there are better books to consult nowadays, and anyway,
18850 this man page isn't intended to be a bibliography.
18853 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.23 ====================
18855 Released: 2009-09-30, Munich
18861 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
18862 been incorporated in changes in this release:
18864 Aaron Gardner <aaron.j.gardner@gmail.com>
18865 Andrey Vihrov <vihrov@gmail.com>
18866 Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
18867 Georg Sauthoff <gsauthof@techfak.uni-bielefeld.de>
18868 Leslie P. Polzer <sky@viridian-project.de>
18869 Marc Lehmann <debian-reportbug@plan9.de>
18870 Mark Hills <mark@pogo.org.uk>
18871 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
18872 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
18873 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
18874 Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
18875 Siward de Groot <siward@ziggo.nl>
18876 rui rlex <rui.rlex@gmail.com>
18878 Apologies if I missed anyone!
18881 Changes to individual pages
18882 ---------------------------
18891 Replace use of assert() by code that checks argc
18892 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=13569
18894 As noted by Andrey:
18895 The purpose of the assert macro, defined in <assert.h>,
18896 is to provide a tool to check for programming mistakes
18897 or program logic errors. However, the assert macro must
18898 never be used to perform checks for run time errors,
18899 since, with the NDEBUG macro defined, expressions within
18900 the assert macro invocations are not evaluated/checked
18901 for, resulting in behavior that was not originally intended.
18903 The pages affected in the core package are
18914 ru_inblock and ru_oublock are now implemented
18915 These fields of the rusage structure are filled in since
18920 Add brief documentation of MAP_HUGETLB
18921 This flag is new in 2.6.32, and serves a similar
18922 purpose to the shmget() SHM_HUGETLB flag.
18926 add some comments on O_SYNC and friends
18930 Clarify wording describing of 'nfds' argument.
18931 reported by: rui rlex <rui.rlex@gmail.com>
18935 Remove some redundant words
18939 Add an explanation of orphaned process groups
18946 Since glibc 2.7, the return type for these functions
18947 is ssize_t (formerly it was long).
18951 Fix small bug in example program
18952 Since it is a failure, EXIT_FAILURE looks more appropriate
18957 glibc only exposes MNT_DETACH and MNT_EXPIRE since version 2.11
18958 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=10092
18962 Add a pointer to explanation of orphaned process groups in setpgid(2)
18966 fflush() discards buffered input
18970 Clarify that ffsl() and ffsll() are GNU extensions
18974 Note nonstandard assumed hints.ai_flags value when hints is NULL
18975 When hints is NULL, glibc assumes hints.ai_flags is
18976 AI_V4MAPPED|AI_ADDRCONFIG whereas POSIX says 0.
18977 According to Ulrich Drepper, glibc's behavior is better.
18981 setmntent() argument is 'filename' not 'fp'
18982 The description of setmntent() formerly used the wrong
18987 Fix reference to POSIX.1-2008
18988 The sentence mentions twice POSIX.1-2001.
18989 I guess the second one should be POSIX.1-2008.
18990 This should be checked in the standard.
18994 Improve ERRORS section
18995 Add ENOMEM error; improve EINVAL description. Also, make
18996 RETURN VALUE section a little more accurate in its mention
19001 Fix error in description: s/Monday/Thursday/
19005 Fix page cross reference
19006 max_user_watches is better explained in epoll(7) than inotify(7).
19010 dmesg is in section 1, not section 8
19014 FS UID manipulations affect CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE and CAP_MKNOD
19015 Nowadays, file system UID manipulations also affect
19016 CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE (since 2.6.3) and CAP_MKNOD (since 2.6.29).
19020 Fix version number for CAP_MKNOD in FS UID manipulations
19021 A recent patch said "since 2.6.29". It should have
19022 been "since 2.6.30".
19026 Reword a bad sentence in description of capability bounding set.
19030 Change documented ranges for msg_max and msgsize_max
19031 Linux 2.6.28 changed the permissible ranges for
19037 Replace references to syctl interfaces with /proc
19040 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.24 ====================
19042 Released: 2010-02-25, Munich
19048 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
19049 been incorporated in changes in this release:
19051 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
19052 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
19053 Ansgar Burchardt <ansgar@2008.43-1.org>
19054 Bela Lubkin <filbo@armory.com>
19055 Bill O. Gallmeister <bog.kernel@gmail.com>
19056 Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
19057 Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
19058 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
19059 David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
19060 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
19061 Doug Manley <doug.manley@gmail.com>
19062 Edward Welbourne <eddy@opera.com>
19063 Fang Wenqi <anton.fang@gmail.com>
19064 Frédéric Brière <fbriere@fbriere.net>
19065 Garrett Cooper <yaneurabeya@yahoo.com>
19066 Ihar Hrachyshka <ihar.hrachyshka@gmail.com>
19067 Jann Poppinga <jann.poppinga@gmx.de>
19068 Jason Goldfine-Middleton <jasonwoodfine@gmail.com>
19069 Jason Noakes <jjnoakes@gmail.com>
19070 Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
19071 Kevin <tsubasa.xw@gmail.com>
19072 Mark Hills <mark@pogo.org.uk>
19073 Markus Peuhkuri <puhuri@iki.fi>
19074 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
19075 Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
19076 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
19077 Sam Liao <phyomh@gmail.com>
19078 Samy Al Bahra <sbahra@repnop.org>
19079 Stuart Kemp <skemp@alertlogic.com>
19080 sunjiangangok <sunjiangangok@gmail.com>
19081 Tobias Stoeckmann <tobias@bugol.de>
19082 Vlastimil Babka <caster@gentoo.org>
19083 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
19085 Apologies if I missed anyone!
19088 New and rewritten pages
19089 -----------------------
19093 New page documenting add_key(2)
19094 Taken from keyutils-1.1 package.
19098 New page documenting keyctl(2)
19099 Taken from keyutils-1.1 package.
19103 New page documenting request_key(2)
19104 Taken from keyutils-1.1 package.
19112 Global fix: s/non-root/unprivileged/
19116 Global fix: s/non-privileged/unprivileged/
19120 Global fix: /non-superuser/unprivileged user/
19125 The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
19126 Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes
19131 Global fix: s/re-/re/
19132 The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
19133 Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes
19138 Global fix: s/multi-/multi/
19139 The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
19140 Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes
19145 Global fix: s/pre-/pre/
19146 The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
19147 Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes
19152 Global fix: s/sub-/sub/
19153 The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
19154 Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes
19177 Global fix: Consistently define the Epoch
19178 All definitions of the Epoch have been refactored to the following:
19180 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC)
19182 That form is more consistent, logical, precise, and internationally
19183 recognizable than the other variants.
19185 Also, some wording has been altered as well.
19191 Global fix: s/non-existing/nonexistent/
19209 Update feature test macro requirements
19210 Starting in glibc 2.10, defining _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 700,
19211 or _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200809 exposes the declarations of
19215 Changes to individual pages
19216 ---------------------------
19220 Update text on nonsetabble CLOCK_*_CPUTIME_ID clocks
19221 SUSv3 permits, but does not require CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID and
19222 CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID to be settable.
19223 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=11972.
19227 Fix description of treatment of caught signals
19228 Caught signals reset to their default on an execve() (not
19233 s/F_OWNER_GID/F_OWNER_PGRP/
19234 Peter Zijlstra took the name change I suggested.
19236 Document F_[SG]ETOWN_EX; update details on F_SETOWN
19237 Linux 2.6.32 adds F_SETOWN_EX and F_GETOWN_EX.
19238 Linux 2.6.12 changed (broke) the former behavior of
19239 F_SETOWN with respect to threads.
19244 Make subsection heading consistent with other intro.? pages
19245 These pages used "Copyright Terms"; the other intro.? pages
19246 used "Copyright Conditions". Make these pages like the others.
19250 Clarify behavior when 'offset' is NULL
19254 Note unstandardized behavior for effective ID
19255 POSIX.1 doesn't require that the effective ID can be changed
19256 to the same value it currently has (a no-op). The man page
19257 should note this, since some other implementations
19262 Fix EPERM error description
19263 s/effective group ID/real group ID/
19264 This bug lived in man pages for 15 years before Jason
19265 spotted it! I checked back in Linux 1.0, and the behavior
19266 was as the fixed man page describes.
19270 Add more detail on POSIX.1 specification for these syscalls
19274 Remove crufty statement that seteuid() is not in POSIX
19275 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=569812
19282 GMT -> UTC (where appropriate)
19286 Add some big warnings re data integrity
19287 This system call is by design completely unsuitable for any data
19288 integrity operations. Make that very clear in the manpage.
19292 SYNOPSIS: Fix return types for CPU_COUNT_*()
19293 These functions return 'int' not void'.
19297 Fix feature test macro requirements
19301 Fix description of 'nochdir' argument.
19302 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=554819
19306 Document feature test macro requirements for herror() and hstrerror()
19307 Since glibc 2.8, one of _BSD_SOURCE, _SVID_SOURCE,
19308 or _GNU_SOURCE is required.
19312 Update to reflect that these functions were standardized in POSIX.1-2008
19316 Document feature test macros requirements for NI_MAXHOST and NI_MAXSERV
19317 Since glibc 2.8, one of _BSD_SOURCE, _SVID_SOURCE, or _GNU_SOURCE
19318 must be defined to obtain these definitions.
19322 Fix feature test macro requirements
19326 Add feature text macro requirements for memrchr()
19330 Fix notable error in DESCRIPTION.
19331 "less than y" should be "less than x".
19335 Fix feature test macro requirements
19337 pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3
19338 pthread_attr_setschedparam.3
19339 pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3
19341 Argument name is 'attr' not 'thread'
19342 The function argument was misnamed in the DESCRIPTION on these
19347 Various fixes in example code
19348 Edward reported a problem in the example code, where a variable
19349 seems to be misnamed. Upon inspection, there seem to be a few
19350 such instances, and this patch is my best guess at how things
19355 Place correct header file in SYNOPSIS
19358 Bill O. Gallmeister
19359 sleep() puts calling *thread* to sleep (not calling *process*)
19362 Bill O. Gallmeister
19363 Add nanosleep(2) to SEE ALSO
19367 %z is defined in SUSv3
19368 So, substitute "GNU" tag in man page by "SU".
19372 Move 822-compliant date format example to EXAMPLES section
19373 The RFC 822-compliant date format given in the description
19374 of `%z' is now moved to the `EXAMPLES' section (note: `EXAMPLE'
19375 has been renamed `EXAMPLES').
19377 Furthermore, that format example is now actually
19378 RFC 822-compliant (using `%y' instead of `%Y') and has been
19379 qualified as being correct only when in the context of at least
19380 an English locale. Also, `%T' is used in place of `%H:%M:%S'.
19382 For completeness, an RFC 2822-compliant format example has been
19387 Expand introductory text
19391 Clarification of %z specifier
19395 Add stpcpy() to this list of string functions
19399 Initialize tm structure in example program
19403 Remove pages now documented
19404 By now, the following are documented:
19414 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=554819
19419 The page inconsistently used "passwd" and "password"
19420 to refer to the same field.
19424 Update securebits discussion to use SECBIT_* flags
19426 feature_test_macros.7
19428 _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200808 defines _ATFILE_SOURCE
19429 Since glibc 2.10, _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200808 defines _ATFILE_SOURCE
19433 Add readlink(2) to SEE ALSO
19436 The poorly constructed part preceding "\-" causes apropos
19437 not to be able to find the subject.
19439 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=558300
19443 Fix discussion of SIGUNUSED
19444 Clarify that this signal really is synonymous with SIGSYS.
19445 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14449
19448 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.25 ====================
19450 Released: 2010-06-20, Munich
19456 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
19457 been incorporated in changes in this release:
19459 Alexander E. Patrakov <patrakov@gmail.com>
19460 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
19461 Andrew Klossner <andrew@cesa.opbu.xerox.com>
19462 André Goddard Rosa <andre.goddard@gmail.com>
19463 Bo Borgerson <gigabo@gmail.com>
19464 Christian Franke <nobody@nowhere.ws>
19465 Daisuke HATAYAMA <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com>
19466 David Sommerseth <davids@redhat.com>
19467 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
19468 Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
19469 Fang Wenqi <anton.fang@gmail.com>
19470 Francesco Cosoleto <cosoleto@gmail.com>
19471 Gernot Tenchio <gernot@tenchio.de>
19472 Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
19473 Ivana Hutarova Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
19474 Jan Blunck <jblunck@novell.com>
19475 Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
19476 Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
19477 Jeff Barry <JeffBatHome@myletters.us>
19478 Manfred Schwarb <manfred99@gmx.ch>
19479 Mark Hills <mark@pogo.org.uk>
19480 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
19481 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
19482 Mihai Paraschivescu <paraschivescu_mihail@yahoo.com>
19483 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
19484 Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>
19485 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
19486 Petr Gajdos <pgajdos@suse.cz>
19487 Petr Uzel <petr.uzel@suse.cz>
19488 Pierre Habouzit <madcoder@madism.org>
19489 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
19490 Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
19491 Robert Wohlrab <robert.wohlrab@gmx.de>
19492 Serge E. Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
19493 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
19494 Tom Swigg <swiggtc@lsbu.ac.uk>
19495 Walter Harms <wharms@bfs.de>
19496 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
19498 Apologies if I missed anyone!
19501 New and rewritten pages
19502 -----------------------
19506 New page documenting migrate_pages(2).
19507 Andi's text based on the move_pages.2 page;
19508 additional edits by mtk.
19509 migrate_pages(2) was new in Linux 2.6.16.
19514 Update the page to consolidate information from the
19515 outdated man-pages quotactl.2 page and the quotactl.2
19516 page in the "quota-tools" package. The page in "quota-tools"
19517 has now been dropped by Jan Kara, so that there is just one
19518 canonical quotactl.2 page (in pan-pages).
19520 Various other pieces added to the page by mtk.
19523 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
19524 ---------------------------------------------
19528 Document F_SETPIPE_SZ and F_GETPIPE_SZ
19529 These commands, new in kernel 2.6.35, set and get the capacity
19534 Document MADV_HWPOISON
19536 Added documentation of MADV_MERGEABLE and MADV_UNMERGEABLE
19537 These flags (used for Kernel Samepage Merging, KSM)
19540 Document MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE
19541 This operation was added in Linux 2.6.33.
19545 Document MAP_UNINITIALIZED flag
19546 New in Linux 2.6.33.
19550 Document the hwpoison prctls in 2.6.32
19552 sched_setscheduler.2
19554 Document SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK
19555 New in Linux 2.6.32
19559 Document UMOUNT_NOFOLLOW
19560 New in Linux 2.6.34.
19564 Document mkstemps() and mkostemps()
19565 These functions are new in glibc 2.11. They allow the template
19566 string to include a suffix after the "XXXXXX" string.
19570 Document /proc/sys/vm/memory_failure_early_kill
19571 New in 2.6.32. Description based on the text in
19572 Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt.
19574 Document /proc/sys/vm/memory_failure_recovery
19575 New in Linux 2.6.32. Description based on the text in
19576 Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt.
19578 Document /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size
19582 Document SO_DOMAIN and SO_PROTOCOL
19583 These read-only socket options were new in Linux 2.6.32.
19586 New and changed links
19587 ---------------------
19591 Adjust link to point to Section 3
19596 New link to page relocated to Section 3
19601 New links to mkstemp.3
19602 mkstemp.3 now describes mkstemps(3) and mkostemps(3).
19610 Add 'L' to constants in feature test macro specifications
19611 Be consistent with POSIX, which uses constants such as 200809L.
19621 Global fix: s/filesystem/file system/
19624 Changes to individual pages
19625 ---------------------------
19629 Note that glibc 2.11 papers over the kernel F_GETOWN bug
19630 Since version 2.11, glibc works around the kernel limitation for
19631 process groups IDs < 4096 by implementing F_GETOWN via F_GETOWN_EX.
19635 Various fixes in SEE ALSO
19640 Move renice from section 8 to section 1
19645 See kernel commit 1f10206.
19647 Description of maintained fields
19648 These descriptions are taken from NetBSD 5.0's getrusage(2).
19650 Enhanced description of various fields
19654 /proc/PID/status VmLck shows how much memory a process has locked
19655 After a note from Tom Swigg, it seems sensible mention VmLck here.
19663 Clarify includes/libraries
19667 Clarify existence of fifth argument.
19673 Move ipcs from section 8 to section 1
19677 Remove ambiguity in text on NFS and O_EXCL.
19681 Fix discussion of ppoll() timeout argument
19682 1. Rename ppoll)(_ argument to "timeout_ts" to distinguish it
19683 from the poll() argument in the text.
19684 2. More accurately describe the poll() call that is equivalent
19689 Add sync_file_range(2) under SEE ALSO
19693 Correct PR_SET_KEEPCAPS description
19694 The "keep capabilities" flag only affects the treatment of
19695 permitted capabilities, not effective capabilities.
19696 Also: other improvements to make the PR_SET_KEEPCAPS text clearer.
19700 Fix bug in example program
19704 Add TRAP_BRANCH and TRAP_HWBKPT to si_code values for SIGTRAP
19706 Rearrange text describing fields set by sigqueue(2)
19708 Add details for signals sent by POSIX message queue notifications
19710 Improve description of various siginfo_t fields
19712 Add some details for SIGTRAP and si_trapno
19714 Document hwpoison signal extensions
19718 Bring statfs struct type declarations closer to glibc reality
19720 Add definition EXT4_SUPER_MAGIC = 0xEF53
19722 Document f_frsize field.
19726 Move this page to section 3 (since it's a library call)
19729 Ivana Hutarova Varekova
19730 Note effect of CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE on MAX_SWAPFILES
19731 From 2.6.32, MAX_SWAPFILES is decreased by 1 if the kernel is
19732 built with CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE.
19736 Bring system call list up to date with Linux 2.6.33
19738 Fix kernel version number for utimes()
19742 Note fix for C99 conformance in glibc 2.12.
19746 Correct note on key portion significance
19747 As Marcel Moreaux notes:
19749 The Linux manpage for crypt()[1] contains the following
19750 statement as the last sentence of the NOTES section:
19752 In the SHA implementation the entire key is significant
19753 (instead of only the first 8 bytes in MD5).
19755 It should probably say "DES" where it says "MD5" (and maybe
19756 "MD5/SHA" where it says "SHA"), because in MD5 password hashing,
19757 the entire key is significant, not just the first 8 bytes.
19759 This patch fixes the wording.
19763 Bug fix in example program
19767 Note that if 'fn' changes CWD, the results are undefined
19769 Clarify description of fpath argument
19770 As reported by Pierre Habouzit, 'fpath' is not relative
19771 to 'dirpath'. It is either relative to the calling process's
19772 current working directory (if 'dirpath' was relative), or it
19773 is absolute (if 'dirpath' was absolute).
19777 Fix a field name mixup: s/ai_family/ai_flags/
19781 Remove unneeded check before free()
19782 The manpage of getline shows an example with an extra NULL pointer
19783 check before it calls free. This is unneeded according to free(3):
19785 If ptr is NULL, no operation is performed.
19787 This patch removes the "if" check.
19789 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=572508
19795 Add cross-references to other-base logarithmic functions
19799 Specify feature test macro requirements for fdopendir(3)
19800 Currently, there is no note on the fact that fdopendir() is
19805 Use const as appropriate
19807 Note glibc version that added "const" to function arguments
19809 Explicitly note that these functions are not in POSIX
19813 Fix declaration of dn_comp() in SYNOPSIS
19814 Remove the second 'exp_dn' from the calling signature.
19818 Change NOFLSH text to speak of characters, not signals
19822 Update description of coredump_filter
19823 Kernel 2.6.24 added MMF_DUMP_ELF_HEADERS.
19824 Kernel 2.6.28 added MMF_DUMP_HUGETLB_PRIVATE and
19825 MMF_DUMP_HUGETLB_SHARED.
19829 Document PN_XNUM extension
19830 In linux-2.6.34-rc1, an ELF core extension was added; user-land
19831 tools manipulating ELF core dump such as gdb and binutils has
19832 already been modified before; so elf.5 needs to be modified
19835 You can follow information on the ELF extension via the LKML post:
19836 http://lkml.org/lkml/2010/1/3/103
19837 Date Mon, 04 Jan 2010 10:06:07 +0900 (JST)
19838 Subject ... elf coredump: Add extended numbering support
19840 This Linux-specific extension was added in kernel 2.6.34.
19842 Reviewed-by: Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
19846 As reported by Yuri Kozlov and confirmed by Mike Frysinger,
19847 EI_BRAND is not in GABI
19848 (http://www.sco.com/developers/gabi/latest/ch4.eheader.html)
19849 It looks to be a BSDism
19851 Remove words under '.note': "described below"
19852 The existing text is broken, because there is
19853 no '"Note Section" format' describe below. Simplest
19854 solution is to remove the words "described below".
19858 Add discussion of ntfs and ext4
19862 Simplify description of /proc/sys and /proc/sys/fs
19863 In the description of these directories, there's no need
19864 to list all the files and subdirectories that they contain;
19865 that information is provided by the entries that follow.
19869 Remove crufty reference to nonexistent BUGS section
19873 Document CAP_SYS_RESOURCE and F_SETPIPE_SZ
19874 With CAP_SYS_RESOURCE, a process can increase pipe capacity above
19875 /proc/sys/ps/pipe-max-size.
19877 Add get_robust_list() info under CAP_SYS_PTRACE
19879 Add MADV_HWPOISON under CAP_SYS_ADMIN
19883 Make a clearer statement about nonportable aspect of signal(2)
19884 Make a clearer statement that signal(2) is less portable for
19885 establishing a signal handler.
19889 Use consistent language to describe read-only socket options
19893 Add FIONREAD warning.
19894 Warn that FIONREAD can't distinguish case of a zero-length
19895 datagram from the case where no datagrams are available.
19898 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.26 ====================
19900 Released: 2010-09-04, Munich
19906 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
19907 been incorporated in changes in this release:
19909 Alexander Shishkin <virtuoso@slind.org>
19910 Brian Sutin <Brian.Sutin@hs.utc.com>
19911 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
19912 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
19913 Jianhua Li <jhlicc@gmail.com>
19914 Linus Nilsson <lajnold@gmail.com>
19915 Lenaic Huard <lenaic.huard@laposte.net>
19916 Mac <mac@mcrowe.com>
19917 Martin Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
19918 Maxin John <maxin.john@gmail.com>
19919 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
19920 Nicholas Hunt <nhunt@cs.washington.edu>
19921 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
19922 Peter Stuge <peter@stuge.se>
19923 Przemyslaw Szczepaniak <Przemyslaw.Szczepaniak@imgtec.com>
19924 Scott Walls <sawalls@umich.edu>
19925 TAN Yee Fan <tanyeefa@comp.nus.edu.sg>
19926 Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
19927 Yitzchak Gale <gale@sefer.org>
19928 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
19930 Apologies if I missed anyone!
19932 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
19933 ---------------------------------------------
19937 Document EFD_SEMAPHORE
19938 Document the EFD_SEMAPHORE flag, added in kernel 2.6.30.
19939 Also restructured some parts of the text to fit with the
19940 addition of the EFD_SEMAPHORE text.
19950 s/logical OR/bitwise OR/
19953 Changes to individual pages
19954 ---------------------------
19958 Fix discussion of return value when interrupted by a signal
19962 Small fix to types in data structures
19966 Clarified close-on-exec behavior
19970 Improve discussion of MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE
19974 Add EMLINK error to ERRORS
19983 Fix return type in SYNOPSIS (s/mqd_t/int/)
19988 Remove obsolete reference to glibc version in NOTES
19993 Adjust type shown for msg_controllen to glibc reality
19994 This patch fixes the type of msg_controllen in the struct msghdr
19995 definition given in send.2 and recv.2 to match the definition in
19996 glibc and the kernel.
20000 Update NOTES on old glibc pselect()
20001 Make it clear that modern glibc uses the kernel pselect()
20002 on systems where it is available.
20003 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14411
20007 Fix copy & paste error for __SWORD_TYPE definition
20011 Clarify that this syscall is obsolete.
20012 And strengthen recommendation to use /proc/filesystems instead.
20016 Add EDESTADDRREQ error
20020 Fix error in NOTES, s/a64l/l64a/
20024 Change "perror" to "strerror" in DESCRIPTION of error()
20028 Fix EAGAIN description (s/empty/full)
20032 Fix IP address in explanation of NFS example
20036 Add information on version 2 format timezone files
20037 Updated using information from the tzcode 2010l release at
20038 ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub.
20039 (It's an open question whether or not a version of tzfile.5
20040 should live independently in man-pages. It was added to the
20041 man-pages set many years ago. For now, I'll follow a
20042 conservative course that causes least pain to downstream,
20043 by continuing to maintain a separate copy in man-pages.)
20045 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=594219
20048 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.27 ====================
20050 Released: 2010-09-22, Nuernberg
20056 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
20057 been incorporated in changes in this release:
20059 caishuxian <caishuxian@gmail.com>
20060 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
20061 Denis Silakov <silakov@ispras.ru>
20062 der Mouse <mouse@rodents-montreal.org>
20063 Jan Kratochvil <jan.kratochvil@redhat.com>
20064 Jim Belton <jim.belton@gmail.com>
20065 Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
20066 KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
20067 Mark Hills <mark@pogo.org.uk>
20068 Matthew Flaschen <matthew.flaschen@gatech.edu>
20069 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
20070 Ozgur Gurcan <ozgur.gurcan@lpp.polytechnique.fr>
20071 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
20072 Remi Denis-Courmont <remi@remlab.net>
20073 Tanaka Akira <akr@fsij.org>
20074 Tim Stoakes <tim@stoakes.net>
20075 W. Trevor King <wking@drexel.edu>
20076 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
20078 Apologies if I missed anyone!
20081 New and rewritten pages
20082 -----------------------
20085 Petr Baudis, Michael Kerrisk
20086 New page to centralize description of sigevent structure
20087 Several interfaces use this structure. Best to centralize the
20088 common details in one place. Content taken from the existing
20089 timerfd_create.2 and mq_open.3 pages, with additions by
20090 Petr Baudis and Michael Kerrisk.
20093 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
20094 ---------------------------------------------
20098 Document IP_NODEFRAG
20099 This option is new in Linux 2.6.36
20103 Document SIOCINQ ioctl() operation
20148 clock_getcpuclockid.3
20256 Add/fix/update feature test macro requirements in SYNOPSIS
20257 Various changes to:
20258 * Update feature test requirements to note changes in
20259 recent glibc releases
20260 * Correct errors in feature test macro requirements
20261 * Add feature test macro requirements to pages where
20262 the requirements were not previously stated.
20270 sched_setaffinity.2
20280 gnu_get_libc_version.3
20285 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
20286 pthread_getattr_np.3
20287 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
20288 pthread_tryjoin_np.3
20297 SYNOPSIS: Add reference to feature_test_macros(7)
20298 These pages specify feature test macros in the function
20299 prototypes. Add a reference to feature_test_macros(7),
20300 so that readers are pointed to the information that
20301 feature test macros must be defined before including
20305 clock_getcpuclockid.3
20312 RETURN VALUE: Note that "positive error numbers" are listed in ERRORS
20325 Note that feature test macros must be defined before *any* includes
20326 Programmers often make the mistake of including a feature test
20327 macro only after having already included some header files.
20328 This patch adds some text at opportune places to remind
20329 programmers to do things the right way.
20348 SEE ALSO: Add reference to string(3)
20349 The idea here is to provide a route to discover other
20364 Fix decimal values in encoding tables
20365 Octal and hexadecimal values are right, but there are some
20366 off-by one errors in decimal values. Correct values are
20367 printed by this command:
20369 perl -pi -e 'if (s/^([0-7]+)\t([0-9]+)\t([0-9a-fA-F]+)//)
20370 {printf "%03o\t%d\t%s", hex($3), hex($3), $3;};' man7/*.7
20373 Changes to individual pages
20374 ---------------------------
20378 SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "undef _POSIX_SOURCE"
20382 Add feature test macro requirements for F_GETOWN and F_SETOWN
20386 Note feature test macro requirements for F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC
20390 Document units for RLIMIT_RTTIME limit
20391 This limit is in microseconds
20393 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=596492
20397 Removed note about return type on ancient systems
20401 Definitions of various MS_* constants only appeared in glibc 2.12
20402 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=11235
20406 Update information on nanosecond timestamp fields
20407 Update feature test macro requirements for exposing these fields.
20408 Note that these fields are specified in POSIX.1-2008.
20412 Factor out generic material that was moved to new sigevent(7) page
20416 Add reference to new sigevent(7) page
20420 glibc 2.10 fixed pole error bug
20421 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6759
20426 Make it clearer that this function is unimplemented
20430 errno is now correctly set to EDOM on a domain error
20431 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6780
20432 was (silently) resolved.
20436 errno is now correctly set to ERANGE on a range error
20437 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6788
20438 was (silently) resolved.
20442 errno is now correctly set to EDOM for the x==inf domain error
20443 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6784
20444 was (silently) resolved.
20448 Noted prev == NULL bug in glibc 2.4 and earlier
20449 As noted by Remi Denis-Courmont, glibc nowadays allows
20450 'prev' to be NULL, as required by POSIX for initializing
20451 a linear list. But in glibc 2.4 and earlier, 'prev' could
20452 not be NULL. Add a BUGS section noting this.
20454 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=551201
20456 Added info on circular lists, and initializing circular lists
20458 Added example program
20462 glibc 2.10 fixed pole error bug
20463 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6777
20464 was (silently) resolved.
20468 log2() function does not conform to C89
20469 log2(), log2f(), and log2l() do not conform to C89.
20470 They are defined in C99. See http://flash-gordon.me.uk/ansi.c.txt
20471 and http://www.schweikhardt.net/identifiers.html
20475 Factor out generic material that was moved to new sigevent(7) page
20479 errno is now correctly set to ERANGE on a pole error
20480 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6776
20481 was (silently) resolved.
20483 pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3
20485 CONFORMING TO: Note meaning of "_np" suffix
20489 Clarify description of range of returned value
20491 Add an example program
20493 Expand description of rand_r()
20497 Update initstate() return value description to match glibc
20501 Clarify that "positive error numbers" are listed in ERRORS
20505 SYNOPSIS: Add header file and feature test macro requirements
20509 Correct discussion of when BSD vs SysV version is used in glibc
20513 errno is now correctly set to EDOM on a domain error
20514 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6781
20515 was (silently) resolved.
20519 errno is now correctly set to EDOM on a domain error
20520 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6782
20521 was (silently) resolved.
20527 Added VERSIONS section
20531 Update list of major Linux distributions
20533 feature_test_macros.7
20535 Make text on required placement of macros more prominent
20536 Move the text that notes the requirement that feature test macros
20537 must be defined before including any header files to the top of
20538 the page, and highlight the text further, so that the reader will
20539 not miss this point.
20544 Add SEE ALSO reference to new sigevent(7) page
20548 Clarify header file details for SIOCINQ and SIOCOUTQ
20549 Also note synonymous FIONREAD and TIOCOUTQ.
20552 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.28 ====================
20554 Released: 2010-10-04, Munich
20560 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
20561 been incorporated in changes in this release:
20563 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
20564 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
20565 Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
20566 Landijk <landijk-user@yahoo.com>
20567 Lennart Poettering <mzjro@0pointer.net>
20568 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
20569 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
20570 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
20571 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
20573 Apologies if I missed anyone!
20576 New and rewritten pages
20577 -----------------------
20581 New page documenting getaddrinfo_a()
20582 The page also documents gai_suspend(), gai_cancel(),
20587 New page providing an overview of POSIX asynchronous I/O
20590 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
20591 ---------------------------------------------
20596 This function was added to glibc in version 2.11.
20597 Also various other small rewrites in the page.
20600 New and changed links
20601 ---------------------
20607 New links to new getaddrinfo_a.3 page
20609 error_one_per_line.3
20611 Fix misnamed link file (was error_on_per_line.3)
20619 New link to sigaltstack.2
20620 No new programs should use sigstack(3). Point the user to the
20621 better sigaltstack(2), whose man page briefly mentions sigstack(3).
20625 New link to getrlimit.2
20626 No new programs should use vlimit(3). Point the user to the
20627 better setrlimit(2), whose man page briefly mentions vlimit(3).
20631 New link to getrusage.2
20632 No new programs should use vtimes(3). Point the user to the
20633 better getrusage(2), whose man page briefly mentions vtimes(3).
20641 Switch to American usage: "-wards" ==> "-ward"
20642 American English uses "afterward" in preference to "afterwards",
20663 Simplify feature test macro requirements
20666 Changes to individual pages
20667 ---------------------------
20671 Add mention of the ancient vlimit() function
20675 Add mention of the ancient vtimes() function
20683 SEE ALSO: add aio(7)
20685 sched_setscheduler.2
20687 ERRORS: note that NULL 'param' yields EINVAL
20691 Note feature test macro requirements for blkcnt_t and blksize_t
20695 Standardize on name 'sevp' for sigevent argument
20699 Correct and simplify ftruncate() feature test macro requirements
20700 The glibc 2.12 feature test macro requirements for ftruncate() are
20701 buggy; see http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12037.
20702 Corrected the requirements in the SYNOPSIS, and added a BUGS
20703 section describing the problem in glibc 2.12.
20707 Add pointer to aio(7) for example program
20708 Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure
20709 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section
20713 Wording improvements in RETURN VALUE
20714 Add pointer to aio(7) for example program
20715 Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure
20716 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section
20720 Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure
20721 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section
20725 Various minor rewordings and additions
20726 Add pointer to sigevent(7) for details of notification of I/O completion
20727 Add pointer to aio(7) for example program
20728 Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure
20729 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section
20733 Improve description in RETURN VALUE
20734 Add pointer to aio(7) for example program
20735 Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure
20736 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section
20740 Various additions and rewordings.
20741 Give some arguments more meaningful names.
20742 More explicitly describe the 'nitems' argument.
20743 Explicitly note that return is immediate if an I/O operation
20744 has already completed.
20745 Note that aio_error(3) should be used to scan the aiocb list
20746 after a successful return.
20747 Add references to other relevant pages.
20748 Various other pieces rewritten.
20749 Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure
20750 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section
20754 Add pointer to sigevent(7) for details of notification of I/O completion
20755 Various minor rewordings and additions
20756 Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure
20757 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section
20761 Fix error in feature test macro requirements
20765 Remove crufty statement about old SCO bug
20769 Add feature test macro requirements for execvpe()
20770 Rewrite description of PATH and mention _CS_PATH
20771 Note execvp() and execlp() behavior for filename containing a slash
20775 Add SEE ALSO reference to new getaddrinfo_a.3 page
20779 Fix formatting of feature test macros
20783 Fix feature test macros
20787 Remove editorializing comments on memory overcommitting
20788 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=19332
20790 Various minor reorganizations and wording fix-ups
20794 Standardize on name 'sevp' for sigevent argument
20798 Make it clear that nl_langinfo() interacts with setlocale()
20799 Add an example program
20803 Fix feature test macro requirements
20807 Remove duplicate #include in example program
20811 Add reference to strtok() example in getaddrinfo(3)
20815 Added section noting limitations and caveats of inotify
20819 Add SEE ALSO reference to new getaddrinfo_a.3 page
20820 Add SEE ALSO referring to new aio(7) page
20824 Change explanation of ".rpm" to "RPM software package"
20827 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.29 ====================
20829 Released: 2010-10-19, Detroit
20835 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
20836 been incorporated in changes in this release:
20838 Balazs Scheidler <bazsi@balabit.hu>
20839 David Prevot <davidp@altern.org>
20840 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
20841 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
20842 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
20843 Lennart Poettering <mzxreary@0pointer.de>
20844 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
20845 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
20846 Simon Paillard <simon.paillard@resel.enst-bretagne.fr>
20847 Stephan Mueller <stephan.mueller@atsec.com>
20848 Thomas Jarosch <thomas.jarosch@intra2net.com>
20849 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
20851 Apologies if I missed anyone!
20854 New and rewritten pages
20855 -----------------------
20859 New page documenting the PowerPC-specific subpage_prot(2)
20863 New page documenting aio_init(3)
20866 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
20867 ---------------------------------------------
20871 Document the architecture-specific arm_fadvise64_64() system call
20872 This ARM-specific system call fixes the argument ordering
20873 for that architecture. Since Linux 2.6.14.
20877 Document the architecture-specific sync_file_range2() system call
20878 As described in commit edd5cd4a9424f22b0fa08bef5e299d41befd5622,
20879 the sync_file_range() argument order is broken for some
20880 architectures (PowerPC, ARM, tile). The remedy was a different
20881 system call using the right argument order on those architectures.
20885 Document psiginfo()
20886 psiginfo() was added to glibc in version 2.10.
20888 Add details, VERSIONS, and BUGS for psiginfo()
20892 Document IP_RECVORIGDSTADDR
20893 Document IP_TRANSPARENT
20895 Document IP_FREEBIND
20896 Text based on input from Lennart Poettering and Balazs Scheidler.
20897 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=20082
20900 New and changed links
20901 ---------------------
20905 New link to posix_fadvise.2
20907 arm_sync_file_range.2, sync_file_range2.2
20909 New links to sync_file_range.2
20913 New link to posix_fadvise.2
20917 New link to psignal.3
20925 global fix: s/Unix/UNIX/
20926 The man pages were rather inconsistent in the use of "Unix"
20927 versus "UNIX". Let's go with the trademark usage.
20931 Global fix: s/pseudo-terminal/pseudoterminal/
20933 grantpt.3, ptsname.3, unlockpt.3, pts.4
20935 Global fix: s/pty/pseudoterminal/
20937 recv.2, cmsg.3, unix.7
20939 global fix: s/UNIX socket/UNIX domain socket/
20941 fmtmsg.3, gethostbyname.3, termios.3
20943 Global fix: s/Unixware/UnixWare/
20946 Changes to individual pages
20947 ---------------------------
20951 SYNOPSIS: fix type of 'wd' argument
20955 Rewrite VERSIONS, noting that the system call is fadvise64()
20959 Add the PowerPC-specific subpage_prot() system call
20960 Add sync_file_range2()
20964 Fix feature test macros
20974 SEE ALSO: Add lio_listio(3)
20980 Make these into links
20981 In the previous release, these files were accidentally made copies
20982 of getaddrinfo_a.3, instead of being made as link files.
20986 Prevent possible NULL pointer access in example program
20990 Emphasize that malloc() and realloc() do not initialize allocated memory
20994 Warn that these functions are deprecated
20998 Formatting fixes in strncpy() example implementation code
21002 Reword NOTES on Linux-specific options
21006 SEE ALSO: Add aio_read(3), aio_write(3), and lio_listio(3)
21010 Document the autobind feature
21012 Fix description of abstract socket names
21013 As reported by Lennart Poettering:
21014 The part about "abstract" sockets is misleading as it suggests
21015 that the sockaddr returned by getsockname() would necessarily
21016 have the size of sizeof(struct sockaddr), which however is not
21017 the case: getsockname() returns exactly the sockaddr size that
21018 was passed in on bind(). In particular, two sockets that are
21019 bound to the same sockaddr but different sizes are completely
21021 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=19812
21023 Fix description of "pathname" sockets
21024 As reported by Lennart Poettering:
21025 The part about "pathname" sockets suggests usage of
21026 sizeof(sa_family_t) + strlen(sun_path) + 1
21027 for calculating the sockaddr size. Due to alignment/padding
21028 this is probably not a good idea. Instead, one should use
21029 offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + strlen() + 1
21030 or something like that.
21031 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=19812
21034 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.30 ====================
21036 Released: 2010-11-01, Munich
21042 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
21043 been incorporated in changes in this release:
21045 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
21046 Bernhard Walle <bernhard@bwalle.de>
21047 David Prevot <davidp@altern.org>
21048 Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
21049 Florian Lehmann <flo.lehmann@googlemail.com>
21050 Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
21051 Lucian Adrian Grijincu <lucian.grijincu@gmail.com>
21052 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
21053 Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
21054 Pádraig Brady <P@draigbrady.com>
21055 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
21056 scarlettsp <scarlettsp@gmail.com>
21057 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
21059 Apologies if I missed anyone!
21062 New and rewritten pages
21063 -----------------------
21067 New page documenting kexec_load(2)
21071 Incorporate fixes from Eric W. Biederman
21072 Eric noted that a few instances of "virtual" should
21073 be "physical" and noted:
21075 There is an expectation that at hand off from sys_kexec that
21076 virtual and physical addresses will be identity mapped. But
21077 this isn't the old Alpha booting convention where you have
21078 a virtual address and then you have to parse the page table
21079 to figure out where your kernel was actually loaded.
21081 Additions and edits by mtk
21082 Various wording and layout improvements.
21083 Fixed the name of a constant: s/KEXEC_ARCH_I386/KEXEC_ARCH_386/.
21084 Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections.
21085 Added VERSIONS section
21086 Note that CONFIG_KEXEC is needed
21087 Removed details of using syscall; the reader can find them in
21089 Added some details for KEXEC_PRESERVE_CONTEXT.
21090 Revised the text mentioning the kernel header, since it is
21091 not yet exported, and it's not certain that it will be.
21095 New page documenting lio_listio(3)
21098 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
21099 ---------------------------------------------
21103 Document LINUX_REBOOT_KEXEC
21104 Some fix-ups by Michael Kerrisk
21106 Place 'cmd' values in alphabetical order.
21110 Document CLONE_NEWIPC
21112 Document CLONE_NEWNET
21113 Lucian Adrian Grijincu
21114 Improve description of CLONE_NEWNET
21115 CLONE_NEWNET creates a new network namespace from scratch.
21116 You don't have anything from the old network namespace in
21117 the new one. Even the loopback device is new.
21119 Document CLONE_SYSVSEM
21121 Document CLONE_NEWUTS
21123 Relocate discussion of CAP_SYS_ADMIN to CLONE_NEWNS section
21124 And rewrite the EPERM description to be more general in
21125 preparation for the new flags to be documented.
21133 Add reference to feature_test_macros(7)
21134 Some pages simply list feature test macro requirements in
21137 #define #GNU_SOURCE
21138 #include <someheader.h>
21140 For these pages, add a "See feature_test_macros(7)" comment
21141 on the "#define" line.
21145 SEE ALSO: Remove redundant reference to feature_test_macros(7)
21149 Use greater consistency in NAME line
21150 (Remove definite article at start of descriptive clause.)
21154 SEE ALSO: Place entries in correct order
21158 ERRORS: Place entries in correct order
21162 Add section number to references to functions documented in other pages
21166 Remove redundant section number in page references
21167 Remove section number in function references that are for
21168 functions documented on this page.
21181 Capitalize hexadecimal numbers
21184 Changes to individual pages
21185 ---------------------------
21189 Note use of faccessat(2) for checking symbolic link permissions
21191 Give an example of a safer alternative to using access()
21195 Clarify when CLONE_NEWNET implementation was completed
21199 Note that faccessat() is racy
21203 RETURN VALUE: Improve description of F_GETFD and F_GETFL
21205 inotify_add_watch.2
21207 Document ENOENT error
21211 Improve wording describing /proc/PID/status /VmLck field
21213 shmctl() SHM_LOCKed memory is not included in VmLck
21217 Place 'cmd' values in alphabetical order
21221 Change 1-line page description
21223 Improvements after review by Paul Mackerras
21227 Remove redundant SEE ALSO reference
21231 Note the use of faccessat(2) to operate on symbolic links
21233 Note that the use of euidaccess() is racy
21237 Clarify wording relating to glibc version
21243 Refer reader for group(5) for more info on group structure
21247 Use constants in getopt_long() example
21248 The description of getopt_long() mentions the constants
21249 required_argument, no_argument and optional_argument.
21250 Use them in the example to make the code easier to understand.
21254 Change comment describing pw_gecos
21260 Refer reader to passwd(5) for more info on the passwd structure
21265 Note that pw_gecos is not in POSIX
21266 And change the comment describing this field
21270 Change comment describing pw_gecos
21274 Some rewording and restructuring
21278 Fix feature test macro requirements
21282 Fix feature test macro requirements
21286 Various minor rewordings
21293 Remove definite article from NAME section
21294 Please find inline another tiny patch in order to shrink
21295 the definite article from some other pages (found with
21296 "rgrep -i ' \\\- the' man*").
21300 Various minor rewordings
21304 Add reference to mlock(2) for further info on /proc/PID/status VmLck
21308 Write the character set name as ArmSCII
21312 Capitalize hexadecimal numbers
21316 Fix name of socket option: s/IP_TTL/IP_TRANSPARENT/
21318 Place socket options in alphabetical order
21322 Fix special character names
21323 Comparing to koi8-u.7, I noticed some inconsistencies in special
21324 character names. After checking with the following Unicode related
21325 pages, please find inline (and gzipped attached, hopefully not
21326 messing with encoding), a patch in order to make it right, on an
21327 Unicode point of view.
21329 http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U2500.pdf
21330 http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U25A0.pdf
21331 http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0080.pdf
21332 http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1D400.pdf
21334 Fix SEE ALSO reference and letter names
21335 The koi8-r(7) (Russian Net Character Set) manual page refers
21336 to iso-8859-7(7) manual page, which is the Latin/Greek one.
21337 I guess it should refer instead to the iso-8859-5(7)
21338 (Latin/Cyrillic) one. This is addressed at the end of the patch.
21340 It has also been spotted that letter names are different in
21341 this manual page and in the Unicode related page [0], the
21342 first part of the page address this.
21344 0: http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0400.pdf
21349 The old example used the chmod(2) man page, but the
21350 feature test macro requirements on that page had changed.
21351 Update to use an example from a different page (acct(2),
21352 whose feature test macro requirements are probably unlikely
21353 to change in the future).
21356 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.31 ====================
21358 Released: 2010-11-12, Munich
21364 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
21365 been incorporated in changes in this release:
21367 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
21368 David Prevot <davidp@altern.org>
21369 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
21370 Krzysztof Żelechowski <giecrilj@stegny.2a.pl>
21371 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
21372 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
21374 Apologies if I missed anyone!
21377 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
21378 ---------------------------------------------
21382 Added documentation of prlimit()
21383 prlimit() is new in kernel 2.6.36.
21387 Document IN_EXCL_UNLINK
21388 This flag was added in Linux 2.6.36.
21389 See kernel commit 8c1934c8d70b22ca8333b216aec6c7d09fdbd6a6.
21392 New and changed links
21393 ---------------------
21397 New link to getrlimit.2
21400 Changes to individual pages
21401 ---------------------------
21405 Remove unneeded text in DESCRIPTION
21409 Added various pages to SEE ALSO
21413 Add kernel version where KEXEC_PRESERVE_CONTEXT first appeared
21414 Added kernel version number where KEXEC_ON_CRASH first appeared
21416 Make copyright in the name of Intel corporation
21417 VERSIONS: Fix version number
21418 kexec_load() was first implemented in 2.6.13, though the entry
21419 in the system call table was reserved starting in 2.6.7.
21423 SEE ALSO: Add reference to Documentation/vm/page_migration
21425 sched_setaffinity.2
21427 Add missing word "real" to "user ID"
21431 Fix kernel version number for kexec_load
21432 kexec_load() was first implemented in 2.6.13, though the entry
21433 in the system call table was reserved starting in 2.6.7.
21435 Add prlimit() to list
21439 Added various pages to SEE ALSO
21443 Formatting fixes in example code
21447 Small improvement to description of domains
21448 See: https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=651900
21451 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.32 ====================
21453 Released: 2010-12-03, Munich
21459 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
21460 been incorporated in changes in this release:
21462 A. Costa <agcosta@gis.net>
21463 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
21464 Emil Mikulic <emikulic@gmail.com>
21465 Eugene Kapun <abacabadabacaba@gmail.com>
21466 Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
21467 Ivana Hutarova Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
21468 Joern Heissler <kernelbugs@joern.heissler.de>
21469 Lars Wirzenius <liw@liw.fi>
21470 Martin Eberhard Schauer <Martin.E.Schauer@gmx.de>
21471 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
21472 Petr Uzel <petr.uzel@suse.cz>
21473 Roger Pate <roger@qxxy.com>
21474 Török Edwin <edwintorok@gmail.com>
21475 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
21477 Apologies if I missed anyone!
21480 New and rewritten pages
21481 -----------------------
21485 New page documenting pthread_sigqueue()
21486 pthread_sigqueue() is new in glibc 2.11 (requires a kernel with
21487 rt_tgsigqueinfo(), added in Linux 2.6.31).
21490 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
21491 ---------------------------------------------
21495 Add documentation of preadv() and pwritev()
21496 The preadv() and pwritev() system calls were added in
21500 New and changed links
21501 ---------------------
21505 New link to readv.2
21509 New link to readv.2
21512 Changes to individual pages
21513 ---------------------------
21517 Remove redundant and incorrect info on FTMs from NOTES
21521 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21525 Clarify that clock_nanosleep() suspends the calling *thread*
21529 Note that 'size' argument must be greater than 0
21530 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=23872
21532 Added VERSIONS section
21536 Added VERSIONS section
21540 Updated VERSIONS section
21544 Add notes on fcntl64()
21548 Add NOTES on fstatat64(), the name of the underlying system call
21552 Added notes on getdents64()
21556 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21560 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21564 Improve description of getpagesize()
21565 Improve description of getpagesize() and relocate discussion
21566 of sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE).
21568 In part inspired by
21569 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=537272
21573 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21577 Add example program for prlimit()
21581 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21584 Ivana Hutarova Varekova
21585 O_EXCL can be used without O_CREAT for block devices
21586 Since Linux 2.6 there is a possibility to use O_EXCL without
21587 O_CREAT. See patch: http://lkml.org/lkml/2003/8/10/221.
21591 Add notes on pread64() and pwrite64()
21592 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=23072
21594 SEE ALSO: add readv(3)
21598 Wording fix: readv() and writev() are system calls, not functions
21602 Add notes on sendfile64()
21606 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21610 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21614 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21618 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21622 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21626 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21632 SEE ALSO: Add pthread_sigqueue(3)
21636 Fix EOVERFLOW error description
21637 2<<31 should read 1<<31 (which equals 2^31).
21641 Add notes on statfs64() and fstatfs64()
21645 Document SWAP_FLAG_DISCARD and discarding of swap pages
21649 Add notes on truncate64() and ftruncate64()
21653 Change "should not overlap" to "must not overlap"
21654 glibc 2.12 changed things so that applications that use memcpy() on
21655 overlapping regions will encounter problems. (The standards have
21656 long said that the behaviors is undefined if the memory areas
21659 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=603144
21660 In reference of http://lwn.net/Articles/414467/
21661 and http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.lib.glibc.alpha/15278
21665 usleep() suspends calling thread, not process
21669 Change single quote to double quote in shell session example
21670 The example section has a sample shell session containing:
21672 echo '|$PWD/core_pattern_pipe_test %p UID=%u GID=%g sig=%s'
21674 But $PWD won't be expanded in single quotes. It should be double
21675 quotes around the entire argument or some other form.
21679 Added description of async-cancel-safe functions
21683 Reworded the text of various errors
21688 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.33 ====================
21690 Released: 2011-09-16, Munich
21696 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
21697 in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been
21698 incorporated in changes in this release:
21700 Akira Fujita <a-fujita@rs.jp.nec.com>
21701 Alexander Schuch <Alex.Schuch@gmx.de>
21702 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
21703 Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
21704 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
21705 Folkert van Heusden <folkert.mobiel@gmail.com>
21706 Graham Gower <graham.gower@gmail.com>
21707 Hendrik Jan Thomassen <hjt@atcomputing.nl>
21708 Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
21709 Joey Adams <joeyadams3.14159@gmail.com>
21710 Johannes Laire <johannes@laire.fi>
21711 Jon Grant <jg@jguk.org>
21712 Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
21713 Konstantin Ritt <ritt.ks@gmail.com>
21714 Luis Javier Merino <ninjalj@gmail.com>
21715 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
21716 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
21717 Mikel Ward <mikel@mikelward.com>
21718 Nick Black <dankamongmen@gmail.com>
21719 Paul Evans <leonerd@leonerd.org.uk>
21720 Petr Pisar <ppisar@redhat.com>
21721 Przemyslaw Pawelczyk <przemyslaw@pawelczyk.it>
21722 Regid Ichira <regid23@yahoo.com>
21723 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
21724 Richard B. Kreckel <kreckel@ginac.de>
21725 Ryan Mullen <rmmullen@gmail.com>
21726 Sebastian Geiger <sbastig@gmx.net>
21727 Sebastian Unger <sebunger@gmx.net>
21728 Seonghun Lim <wariua@gmail.com>
21729 Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
21730 Simon Cross <hodgestar@gmail.com>
21731 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
21732 Stan Sieler <sieler@me.com>
21733 Timmy Lee <scuttimmy@gmail.com>
21734 Tolga Dalman <tolga.dalman@googlemail.com>
21735 Tomislav Jonjic <jonjic@cs.unibo.it>
21736 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
21737 Wei Luosheng <weiluosheng001@gmail.com>
21739 Apologies if I missed anyone!
21742 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
21743 ---------------------------------------------
21747 Added new syncfs() system call
21748 syncfs() was added in Linux 2.6.39.
21751 New and changed links
21752 ---------------------
21756 New link for sync(2).
21764 Global fix: properly escape minus sign
21767 Changes to individual pages
21768 ---------------------------
21772 Note that CLONE_STOPPED was removed in 2.6.38
21775 Michael Kerrisk [Sebastian Geiger]
21776 Note that the first argv[] value should contain name of executable
21779 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas]
21780 Note that F_GETFL also retrieves file access mode
21783 Michael Kerrisk [Ryan Mullen]
21784 Remove mention of kernel versions in discussion of RLIMIT_CPU
21785 Michael Kerrisk [Seonghun Lim]
21786 Fix example program and add _FILE_OFFSET_BITS requirement
21789 Michael Kerrisk [Brian M. Carlson]
21790 Clarify EINVAL error
21791 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?625747
21792 Michael Kerrisk [Seonghun Lim]
21793 Simplify and correct text for EPERM error
21797 Fix off-by-one error in a memory range
21799 Fix small bug in example program
21800 The description of the example program says that it makes the
21801 third page "read-only". Thus use PROT_READ instead of PROT_NONE.
21804 Folkert van Heusden
21805 Remove text describing O_CLOEXEC as Linux-specific
21806 O_CLOEXEC is specified in POSIX.1-2008, as noted
21807 elsewhere in the page.
21810 Michael Kerrisk [Dan Jacobson]
21811 SEE ALSO: Add readlink(1)
21815 Since 2.6.33, 'out_fd' can refer to any file type
21816 Linux kernel commit cc56f7de7f00d188c7c4da1e9861581853b9e92f
21817 meant sendfile(2) can work with any output file.
21819 Shift text on falling back to read()/write() to NOTES
21820 Michael Kerrisk [Tolga Dalman]
21821 Remove mention of kernel version for 'in_fd' argument
21823 Add an explicit reference to splice(2)
21824 Unlike sendfile(), splice() can transfer data
21825 between a pair of sockets.
21828 Michael Kerrisk [Tolga Dalman]
21829 Add a little info about ucontext_t
21832 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
21833 Small rewording of ENAMETOOLONG error
21837 Some rewrites to description of sync()
21841 Added fanotify_init() and fanotify_mark() to syscall list
21843 Added new 2.6.39 system calls
21845 Updated for Linux 3.0 system calls
21847 Update kernel version at head of syscall list
21849 Update to mention 3.x kernel series
21852 Michael Kerrisk [Serge E. Hallyn]
21853 Update for kernel 2.6.37 changes
21854 Document /proc/sys/kernel/dmesg_restrict.
21855 Document CAP_SYSLOG.
21858 Michael Kerrisk [Alexander Schuch]
21859 NOTES: Fix description of "Seconds since the Epoch"
21862 Michael Kerrisk [Josh Triplett]
21863 Note behavior when timerfd_settime() old_value is NULL
21864 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?641513
21866 Fix small error in description of timerfd_settime()
21870 Remove redundant EINTR description
21873 Hendrik Jan Thomassen
21874 Improve EBUSY description
21880 Michael Kerrisk [Richard B. Kreckel, Andries Brouwer]
21881 Fix formula describing function
21882 The man pages for cacos(), cacosh(), catan(), catanh()
21883 contain incorrect formulae describing the functions.
21887 Add example program
21891 Add example program
21898 SEE ALSO: Add reference to inverse function
21902 Add example program
21906 Add example program
21915 SEE ALSO Add reference to "arc" inverse function
21919 SEE ALSO: add cexp(3)
21923 SEE ALSO: Add reference to clog(2)
21926 Michael Kerrisk [Jan Engelhardt]
21927 Fix header file and feature test macro requirements for crypt_r()
21931 Clean up description of error message source
21932 In the second paragraph of DESCRIPTION section, one of the
21933 sources of error messages is incorrect: the four functions obtain
21934 error message only from errno, and "a code" is just relevant
21935 with errc() and warnc(), which are not present on Linux.
21936 see http://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/3/ERR/ .
21938 Then, the third paragraph becomes a duplicate.
21943 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?614021
21947 Update ERRORS section
21948 EINVAL can occur for hdestroy_r().
21949 EINVAL can't occur for hcreate().
21953 Michael Kerrisk [Mikel Ward]
21954 ERRORS: EBADF can also occur for nonwritable file descriptor
21955 As noted in the DESCRIPTION, the file descriptor must be writable
21956 in order to place a lock.
21960 Reorder prototypes in SYNOPSIS
21961 calloc() comes before realloc() in the other sections,
21962 so should do in SYNOPSIS, too.
21966 SEE ALSO: add reference to wcstombs(3)
21969 Michael Kerrisk [Sebastian Unger]
21970 Clarify that comparison interprets bytes as "unsigned char"
21973 Michael Kerrisk [Seonghun Lim]
21975 Since glibc 2.3, resolved_path can be non-NULL (with the
21976 semantics already documented in the page).
21980 Add ENOENT/ENOTDIR errors
21983 Michael Kerrisk [Luis Javier Merino]
21984 Remove misleading sentence about signal(2) and system call interruption
21987 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
21988 SEE ALSO: Add strnlen(3)
21991 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
21992 CONFORMING TO: Note that strnlen() is in POSIX.1-2008
21995 Michael Kerrisk [Tolga Dalman]
21996 Fix NOTES section constants
22000 Use "terminal special characters" consistently throughout page
22001 Michael Kerrisk [Paul Evans]
22002 Add documentation of _POSIX_VDISABLE
22003 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=627841
22005 Add a description of STATUS character
22007 Added description of SWTCH character
22009 Add names of terminal special characters
22011 List terminal special characters in alphabetical order
22015 SEE ALSO: add mbstowcs(3)
22020 Linux 3.0 (commit f8df13e0a901fe55631fed66562369b4dba40f8b)
22021 implements \E[3J to allow scrambling content of console
22022 including scroll-back buffer
22023 (http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/1125792).
22026 Michael Kerrisk [Stan Sieler]
22027 Add description of 'PPid' field of /proc/PID/status
22028 Michael Kerrisk [Stan Sieler]
22029 Add description of 'SigQ' field of /proc/PID/status
22032 Michael Kerrisk [Serge E. Hallyn]
22033 Document CAP_SYSLOG and related changes in Linux 2.6.37
22035 File capabilities are no longer optional
22036 Starting with Linux 2.6.33, the CONFIG_SECURITY_FILE_CAPABILITIES
22037 has been removed, and file capabilities are always part of the
22042 Updated SEE ALSO list to include all complex math functions
22045 Michael Kerrisk [Simon Cross]
22046 Fix description of address notation: "8 4-digit hexadecimal numbers"
22050 Remove crufty repeated info about LinuxThreads
22054 Add pointer to cmsg(3) for an example of the use of SCM_RIGHTS
22057 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.34 ====================
22059 Released: 2011-09-23, Munich
22065 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
22066 in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been
22067 incorporated in changes in this release:
22069 Alan Curry <pacman@kosh.dhis.org>
22070 Benjamin Poirier <benjamin.poirier@gmail.com>
22071 Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
22072 David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
22073 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
22074 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
22075 Doug Goldstein <cardoe@cardoe.com>
22076 Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
22077 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
22078 Jon Grant <jg@jguk.org>
22079 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
22080 Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
22081 Paul Pluzhnikov <ppluzhnikov@google.com>
22082 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
22083 Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
22084 Stephan Mueller <stephan.mueller@atsec.com>
22085 Stephen Cameron <scameron@beardog.cce.hp.com>
22086 Sunil Mushran <sunil.mushran@oracle.com>
22088 Apologies if I missed anyone!
22091 New and rewritten pages
22092 -----------------------
22095 Michael Kerrisk [Stephan Mueller]
22096 New page for rt_sigqueueinfo(2) and rt_tgsigqueueinfo(2)
22097 This replaces the previous '.so' man page link file for
22098 rt_sigqueueinfo.2, which linked to this sigqueue() man page.
22102 New man page for cciss driver
22103 I obtained the information in this man page as a consequence
22104 of having worked on the cciss driver for the past several years,
22105 and having written considerable portions of it.
22111 New man page for the hpsa driver
22112 I obtained the information in this man page as a consequence
22113 of being the main author of the hpsa driver.
22118 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
22119 ---------------------------------------------
22122 Michael Kerrisk [David Howells]
22123 Document AT_NO_AUTOMOUNT
22124 This flag was added in Linux 2.6.38.
22127 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake, Sunil Mushran]
22128 Document SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA
22129 These flags, designed for discovering holes in a file,
22130 were added in Linux 3.1. Included comments from Eric
22131 Blake and Sunil Mushran.
22135 Add MADV_HUGEPAGE and MADV_NOHUGEPAGE
22136 Document the MADV_HUGEPAGE and MADV_NOHUGEPAGE flags added to
22137 madvise() in Linux 2.6.38.
22140 New and changed links
22141 ---------------------
22143 rt_tgsigqueueinfo.2
22145 New link to new rt_sigqueueinfo.2 page
22149 Create link to page that was relocated to section 3
22157 Change reference to "sigqueue(2)" to "sigqueue(3)"
22160 Changes to individual pages
22161 ---------------------------
22165 ERRORS: Add EPERM and ESPIPE errors
22168 Michael Kerrisk [Alan Curry, Reuben Thomas]
22169 Remove suspect note about 'whence' being incorrect English
22173 PR_SET_DUMPABLE makes process non-ptrace-attachable
22177 Document using st_size to allocate the buffer
22179 Added copyright text + changelog note for Guillem Jover's patch
22181 sched_setscheduler.2
22183 Document 2.6.39 changes to rules governing changes from SCHED_IDLE policy
22184 Since Linux 2.6.39, unprivileged processes under the
22185 SCHED_IDLE policy can switch to another nonrealtime
22186 policy if their nice value falls within the range
22187 permitted by their RLIMIT_NICE limit.
22191 SEE ALSO: Add rt_sigqueueinfo (2)
22194 Michael Kerrisk [Brian M. Carlson]
22195 Add pointers to better, thread-safe alternative functions
22196 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=606899
22200 Add _ISOC95_SOURCE to feature test macro requirements
22201 Since glibc 2.12, _ISOC95_SOURCE can also be used to expose
22202 prototype of this function.
22205 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
22206 Fix text mentioning terminating null
22210 Replace explicit mention of rt_tgsigqueueinfo() with SEE ALSO reference
22214 Move this page to section 3
22215 Now that the underlying system call rt_sigqueueinfo(2) is
22216 properly documented, move sigqueue() to Section 3, since
22217 it is really a library function.
22219 Update text in line with existence of new rt_sigqueueinfo.2 page
22223 Improve description of 'maxlen' argument
22224 It's worth clarifying 'maxlen' is in wide-char units, not bytes.
22228 Add _ISOC95_SOURCE to feature test macro requirements
22229 Since glibc 2.12, _ISOC95_SOURCE can also be used to expose
22230 prototype of these functions.
22232 feature_test_macros.7
22234 Document _ISOC95_SOURCE
22235 _ISOC95_SOURCE was added in glibc 2.12 as a means
22236 to expose C90 Amendment 1 definitions.
22239 Benjamin Poirier [Neil Horman]
22240 Improve description of IP_MTU_DISCOVER
22244 SEE ALSO: Add rt_sigqueueinfo(2)
22247 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.35 ====================
22249 Released: 2011-10-04, Munich
22255 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
22256 in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been
22257 incorporated in changes in this release:
22259 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
22260 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
22261 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
22262 Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
22263 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
22264 Jon Grant <jg@jguk.org>
22265 Kevin Lyda <kevin@ie.suberic.net>
22266 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
22267 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
22268 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
22270 Apologies if I missed anyone!
22273 New and rewritten pages
22274 -----------------------
22277 Andi Kleen, Michael Kerrisk
22278 New man page for recvmmsg(2)
22282 New manual page for setns(2)
22284 Various improvements
22292 Global fix: remove spaces around em-dash
22293 Normal English typographical convention is not to have
22294 spaces around em dashes.
22298 Global fix: s/null pointer/NULL pointer/
22302 Global fix: use ORing
22303 Use "ORing", not "OR'ing", nor an italic ".IR OR ing".
22307 Global fix: consistent use of "null wide character"
22308 Bring more consistency to the discussion of
22309 "[terminating] null wide character"
22310 by writing (at least in the initial use in a page)
22311 "[terminating] null wide character (L'\0')".
22315 Global fix: consistent use of "null byte"
22316 Bring more consistency to the discussion of
22317 "[terminating] null byte"
22318 by writing (at least in the initial use in a page)
22319 "[terminating] null byte ('\0')".
22323 s/task/thread/ for consistency with other pages
22326 Changes to individual pages
22327 ---------------------------
22331 CONFORMING TO: Note other systems that have SEEK_HOLE+SEEK_DATA
22335 Add mention of recvmmsg(2)
22339 SEE ALSO: add sendmmsg(2)
22343 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 adds MSG_NOSIGNAL
22347 Note that attempts to wait for SIGKILL and SIGSTOP are silently ignored
22351 Note POSIX.1-2001 and POSIX.1-2008 requirements for lstat()
22353 Regarding automounter action, add a reference to fstatat(2)
22355 Clean up text describing which POSIX describes S_IF* constants
22358 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
22359 Clarify meaning of "return status" and "error status"
22363 POSIX.1-2008 marks gets() obsolescent
22364 The page formerly erroneously stated that POSIX.1-2008
22365 removed the specification of this function.
22369 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008
22370 This function is specified in the POSIX.1-2008 revision.
22373 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas]
22374 Change "terminating null" to "terminating null byte"
22379 Note that these functions are in POSIX.1-2008
22380 Update the "CONFORMING TO" sections of these functions to
22381 note that they are now part of the POSIX.1-2008 standard.
22385 Change "terminating null" to "terminating null byte"
22389 SEE ALSO: Add stpncpy(3)
22393 CONFORMING TO: strndup() is in POSIX.1-2008
22400 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008
22401 These functions are specified in the POSIX.1-2008 revision.
22405 Document /proc/[pid]/ns/
22407 Some edit's to Eric Biederman's /proc/[pid]/ns/ additions
22411 List setns(2) as an operation allowed by CAP_SYS_ADMIN
22414 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.36 ====================
22416 Released: 2012-02-27, Christchurch
22422 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
22423 in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been
22424 incorporated in changes in this release:
22426 Alain Benedetti <alainb06@free.fr>
22427 carado <carado@savhon.org>
22428 Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
22429 Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
22430 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
22431 Elie De Brauwer <eliedebrauwer@gmail.com>
22432 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
22433 Jessica McKellar <jesstess@mit.edu>
22434 Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
22435 Junjiro Okajima <jro@mx3.ttcn.ne.jp>
22436 Lucian Adrian Grijincu <lucian.grijincu@gmail.com>
22437 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
22438 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
22439 Pat Pannuto <pat.pannuto@gmail.com>
22440 Salvo Tomaselli <tiposchi@tiscali.it>
22441 Simone Piccardi <piccardi@truelite.it>
22442 Slaven Rezic <srezic@iconmobile.com>
22443 starlight <starlight@binnacle.cx>
22444 Stephan Mueller <stephan.mueller@atsec.com>
22445 Vijay Rao <vijay@portuosus.com>
22446 Walter Haidinger <walter.haidinger@gmx.at>
22447 Walter Harms <wharms@bfs.de>
22448 Yang Yang <wdscxsj@gmail.com>
22450 Apologies if I missed anyone!
22453 New and rewritten pages
22454 -----------------------
22457 Michael Kerrisk [Stephan Mueller]
22458 New page for sendmmsg(2)
22459 Some pieces inspired by an initial attempt by Stephan Mueller.
22462 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
22463 ---------------------------------------------
22466 Lucian Adrian Grijincu
22467 Document FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE
22468 FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE was added in Linux 2.6.38,
22469 for punching holes in the allocated space in a file.
22472 Changes to individual pages
22473 ---------------------------
22477 SYNOPSIS: Add "#include <fcntl.h>" for O_* constants
22481 Substantial restructuring of DESCRIPTION
22482 The addition of a second class of operation ("hole punching")
22483 to the man page made it clear that some significant restructuring
22484 is required. So I substantially reworked the page, including the
22485 preexisting material on the default "file allocation" operation.
22486 Michael Kerrisk [Josef Bacik]
22487 Add further details for FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE
22489 ERRORS: Add EPERM error case for FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE
22493 NOTES: Describe clone() call equivalent to fork()
22497 Various improvements
22498 - explain the situation with disk caches better
22499 - remove the duplicate fdatasync() explanation in the NOTES
22501 - remove an incorrect note about fsync() generally requiring two
22503 - remove an obsolete ext2 example note
22504 - fsync() works on any file descriptor (doesn't need to be
22505 writable); correct the EBADF error code explanation
22506 Michael Kerrisk [Guillem Jover]
22507 Note that some systems require a writable file descriptor
22508 An edited version of Guillem Jover's comments:
22509 [While the file descriptor does not need to be writable on Linux]
22510 that's not a safe portable assumption to make on POSIX in general
22511 as that behavior is not specified and as such is
22512 implementation-specific. Some Unix systems do actually fail on
22513 read-only file descriptors, for example [HP-UX and AIX].
22516 Michael Kerrisk [Junjiro Okajima]
22517 Removed erroneous statement about MS_RDONLY and bind mounts
22521 Fix grammar in O_DIRECT description
22522 Some small grammar fixes to the O_DIRECT description.
22525 Michael Kerrisk [Salvo Tomaselli]
22526 SYNOPSIS: Add "#include <fcntl.h>" for O_* constants
22527 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=659750
22529 sched_rr_get_interval.2
22531 Update notes on modifying quantum
22532 Since Linux 2.6.24, it is no longer possible to
22533 modify the SCHED_RR quantum using setpriority(2).
22534 (Slight edits to Clemens' patch by mtk.)
22536 Reordered various pieces of text
22538 Reworded text of ESRCH error
22542 Add mention of sendmmsg(2)
22545 Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi]
22546 PROTOTYPE: Fix return type of syncfs()
22549 Michael Kerrisk [starlight]
22550 Clarify what is duplicated in the child
22551 Add some words to make it clear to the reader that vfork(),
22552 like fork(), creates duplicates of process attributes
22555 Note clone() flags equivalent to vfork()
22556 Michael Kerrisk [starlight, Mike Frysinger]
22557 Add some notes on reasons why vfork() still exists
22558 Michael Kerrisk [starlight]
22559 Clarify that calling *thread* is suspended during vfork()
22561 CONFORMING TO: Note that POSIX.1-2001 marked vfork() obsolete
22565 Document C11 and glibc 2.16 changes affecting gets()
22568 Michael Kerrisk [Pat Pannuto]
22569 Fix comment that was inconsistent with code in example program
22573 EXAMPLE: Remove extraneous line of output from shell session
22579 Fix-ups for e9c23bc636426366d659809bc99cd84661e86464
22582 Michael Kerrisk [Junjiro Okajima]
22583 Document %E specifier for core_pattern
22586 Michael Kerrisk [Walter Haidinger]
22587 s/asterisk/asterisk (*)/ to improve clarity
22589 Correct note on passwd field value when shadowing is enabled
22590 When password shadowing is enabled, the password field
22591 contains an 'x' (not "*').
22595 Fix description of fourth field of /proc/loadavg
22596 SIgned-off-by: Elie De Brauwer <eliedebrauwer@gmail.com>
22599 Michael Kerrisk [Slaven Rezic]
22600 Describe syntax used for comments
22601 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=656994
22603 feature_test_macros.7
22605 Document _ISOC11_SOURCE
22608 Michael Kerrisk [Yang Yang]
22609 Note that 'cookie' field is set to zero when unused
22613 Various fixes for description of NAME section
22614 As noted by reporter:
22615 * The code sample given for the NAME section is incomplete because
22616 the actual content sample is not given.
22617 * Additionally, the description assumes that the item described is
22618 a command, which need not be the case.
22619 * The command makewhatis is not present on my system; the
22620 documented tool to create the whatis database is called mandb.
22621 * The description on .SH NAME in man(7) should either copy the
22622 relevant paragraph of lexgrog(1) or refer to it.
22625 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.37 ====================
22627 Released: 2012-03-06, Christchurch
22633 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
22634 in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been
22635 incorporated in changes in this release:
22637 Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
22638 Mark R. Bannister <cambridge@users.sourceforge.net>
22639 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
22640 Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
22641 Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
22643 Apologies if I missed anyone!
22646 New and rewritten pages
22647 -----------------------
22651 New page to document 'getent' binary provided by glibc
22654 Changes to individual pages
22655 ---------------------------
22659 Note that bdflush() is deprecated, and does nothing
22663 Note that this system call was removed in Linux 3.1
22666 Denys Vlasenko [Oleg Nesterov, Tejun Heo]
22667 add extended description of various ptrace quirks
22670 s/parent/tracer/g, s/child/tracee/g - ptrace interface now
22671 is sufficiently cleaned up to not treat tracing process
22674 Deleted several outright false statements:
22675 - pid 1 can be traced
22676 - tracer is not shown as parent in ps output
22677 - PTRACE_ATTACH is not "the same behavior as if tracee had done
22678 a PTRACE_TRACEME": PTRACE_ATTACH delivers a SIGSTOP.
22679 - SIGSTOP _can_ be injected.
22680 - Removed mentions of SunOS and Solaris as irrelevant.
22681 - Added a few more known bugs.
22683 Added a large block of text in DESCRIPTION which doesn't focus
22684 on mechanical description of each flag and operation, but rather
22685 tries to describe a bigger picture. The targeted audience is
22686 a person which is reasonably knowledgeable in Unix but did not
22687 spend years working with ptrace, and thus may be unaware of its
22688 quirks. This text went through several iterations of review by
22689 Oleg Nesterov and Tejun Heo.
22690 This block of text intentionally uses as little markup as possible,
22691 otherwise future modifications to it will be very hard to make.
22693 Global clean-up of page
22694 * Wording and formatting fixes to existing text and
22695 Denys Vlasenko's new text.
22696 * Various technical amendments and improvements to
22697 Denys Vlasenko's new text.
22698 * Added FIXME for various problems with the current text.
22700 Integrated changes after further review from Denys Vlasenko
22704 Note that nfsservctl(2) was removed in Linux 3.1
22705 Note that bdflush(2) is deprecated
22711 Add various operations under CAP_SYS_ADMIN
22712 Add perf_event_open(2) to CAP_SYS_ADMIN
22713 Add VM86_REQUEST_IRQ vm86(2) command to CAP_SYS_ADMIN
22714 Update CAP_NET_ADMIN with notes from include/linux/capability.h
22715 Add nfsservctl(2) to CAP_SYS_ADMIN
22717 Add ioctl(FIBMAP) under CAP_SYS_RAWIO
22719 Add virtual terminal ioctl()s under CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG
22721 Update CAP_NET_RAW with notes from include/linux/capability.h
22723 Add F_SETPIPE_SZ case to CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
22724 Add POSIX messages queues queues_max case to CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
22725 Update CAP_SYS_RESOURCE with notes from include/linux/capability.h
22727 SEE ALSO: Add libcap(3)
22731 Add --audit command-line option
22734 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.38 ====================
22736 Released: 2012-03-25, Christchurch
22742 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
22743 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
22744 incorporated in changes in this release:
22746 Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@gmail.com>
22747 Artyom Pervukhin <artyom@evasive.ru>
22748 Beňas Petr <xbenas00@stud.fit.vutbr.cz>
22749 Ben Bacarisse <software@bsb.me.uk>
22750 Bjarni Ingi Gislason <bjarniig@rhi.hi.is>
22751 David Prévot <david@tilapin.org>
22752 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
22753 Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
22754 Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
22755 Iain Fraser <iainkfraser@gmail.com>
22756 Justin T Pryzby <justinp@norchemlab.com>
22757 Kirill Brilliantov <brilliantov@inbox.ru>
22758 Mark R Bannister <mark@proseconsulting.co.uk>
22759 Matthew Gregan <kinetik@flim.org>
22760 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
22761 Nix <nix@esperi.org.uk>
22762 Peter Schiffer <pschiffe@redhat.com>
22763 Sergei Zhirikov <sfzhi@yahoo.com>
22765 Apologies if I missed anyone!
22768 New and rewritten pages
22769 -----------------------
22773 New page documenting get_nprocs_conf(3) and get_nprocs(3)
22775 Some additions and improvements
22779 New page documenting malloc_get_state(3) and malloc_set_state(3)
22783 New man page for mallopt(3)
22787 Complete rewrite of page, adding much more detail
22791 New page for scandirat(3) (new in glibc 2.15)
22794 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
22795 ---------------------------------------------
22799 Document aligned_alloc(3)
22800 aligned_alloc() is new in C11.
22802 Document pvalloc(3)
22806 Add documentation of qsort_r(3)
22808 Improvements to Mark R Bannister's qsort_r() patch
22810 Add VERSIONS section for qsort_r()
22813 New and changed links
22814 ---------------------
22818 New link to posix_memalign.3
22822 Link to new get_nprocs_conf.3 page
22826 Link to new malloc_get_state.3 page
22830 New link to posix_memalign.3
22838 Global formatting fix: balance .nf/.fi pairs
22842 Global fix: place sections in correct order
22845 Michael Kerrisk [Justin T Pryzby]
22846 Global fix: Remove duplicated words
22847 Remove instances of duplicate words found using Justin's
22850 for f in man?/*.[1-9]; do
22851 grep -HE ' ([[:alpha:]]{2,} +)\1' "$f" |
22852 grep -Evw '(proc|hugetlbfs|XXX*|root|long) *\1';
22853 done | grep -E --colo ' ([[:alpha:]]{2,} +)\1'
22857 Correct order of SEE ALSO entries
22860 Changes to individual pages
22861 ---------------------------
22865 PROTOTYPE: Correct header file and feature test macro requirements
22868 Bjarni Ingi Gislason
22869 Strip trailing tabs from source line
22870 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=664688
22874 Document PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG for PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC
22876 Various fixes to recent updates of this page
22879 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake]
22880 PROTOTYPE: Correct header file
22884 Remove unimplemented system calls from main syscall list
22885 The unimplemented system calls are in any case noted lower down
22886 in the page. Also: rearrange the text describing the unimplemented
22889 Note a few system calls that were removed in Linux 2.6
22891 Add process_vm_readv(2) and process_vm_writev(2)
22894 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake]
22895 PROTOTYPE: Correct header file
22897 PROTOTYPE: Add <fcntl.h> for AT_* constants
22901 PROTOTYPE: Add <fcntl.h> for AT_* constants
22904 Michael Kerrisk [Tolga Dalman]
22905 DESCRIPTION: Add a couple of examples
22909 NOTES: Add a short discussion of arenas
22911 Replace discussion of MALLOC_CHECK_ with pointer to mallopt(3)
22913 SEE ALSO: Add mtrace(3)
22914 SEE ALSO: add malloc_get_state(3)
22918 Rename memalign() argument
22919 Rename "boundary" to "alignment" for consistency
22920 with posix_memalign().
22922 Improve discussion of feature test macros and header files for valloc(3)
22925 Kirill Brilliantov [Sergei Zhirikov]
22926 Fix example code, rta_len assignment should use RTA_LENGTH()
22927 See also http://bugs.debian.org/655088
22931 SEE ALSO: Add scandirat(3)
22935 Remove rt_sigqueueinfo from TH line
22936 rt_sigqueueinfo() now has its own manual page, so should not
22937 be listed in the .TH line of this page.
22941 Correct description for Julian 'n' date format
22942 The Julian 'n' date format counts starting from 0, not 1.
22944 Add some clarifying remarks to discussion of Julian day formats
22947 Michael Kerrisk [Iain Fraser]
22948 Fix comment on 'sll_hatype' field
22951 Michael Kerrisk [Artyom Pervukhin]
22952 Correct RFC for TIME_WAIT assassination hazards
22955 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.39 ====================
22957 Released: 2012-04-17, Christchurch
22963 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
22964 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
22965 incorporated in changes in this release:
22967 Abhijith Das <adas@redhat.com>
22968 Alexander Kruppa <akruppa@gmail.com>
22969 Andreas Jaeger <aj@suse.com>
22970 Armin Rigo <arigo@tunes.org>
22971 Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
22972 Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
22973 Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
22974 Felix <fkater@googlemail.com>
22976 Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
22977 Jesus Otero <jesus.otero@rysg.es>
22978 Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
22979 Kevin O'Gorman <kevinogorman4@gmail.com>
22980 Mark R Bannister <mark@proseconsulting.co.uk>
22981 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
22982 Michael Welsh Duggan <mwd@cert.org>
22983 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
22984 Petr Gajdos <pgajdos@suse.cz>
22985 Regid Ichira <regid23@yahoo.com>
22986 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
22987 Ricardo Catalinas Jiménez <jimenezrick@gmail.com>
22988 Simone Piccardi <piccardi@truelite.it>
22989 Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
22990 <who@connect.carleton.ca>
22992 Apologies if I missed anyone!
22995 New and rewritten pages
22996 -----------------------
23000 New man page for malloc_trim(3)
23002 malloc_usable_size.3
23004 New man page for malloc_usable_size(3)
23007 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
23008 ---------------------------------------------
23012 Document PR_SET_MM (new in Linux 3.3)
23014 Various edits and improvements to Cyrill's patch
23017 Changes to individual pages
23018 ---------------------------
23022 Rework discussion of 'size' argument
23024 Add .SS for description of epoll_create1()
23027 Michael Kerrisk [Armin Rigo]
23028 Another thread can add to epoll instance while epoll_wait is blocked
23029 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43072
23031 Clarify that epoll_pwait() blocks calling *thread*
23032 A few wording improvements
23035 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
23036 Note difference between glibc wrapper and underlying system call
23037 The wrapper function has a 'flags' argument (which currently
23038 serves no purpose), while the underlying system call does not.
23042 Explain behaviour of F_GETLEASE during lease break
23043 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake]
23044 Change type of arg from "long" to "int"
23045 Various fcntl(2) commands require an integral 'arg'.
23046 The man page said it must be "long" in all such cases.
23047 However, for the cases covered by POSIX, there is an
23048 explicit requirement that these arguments be "int".
23049 Update the man page to reflect. Probably, all of the
23050 other "long" cases (not specified in POSIX) should
23051 be "int", and this patch makes them so. Based on a
23052 note fromEric Blake, relating to F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC.
23057 The main change is to move the historical information about
23058 the 'tz_dsttime' to NOTES.
23059 Michael Kerrisk [Felix]
23060 Note that compiler issues warnings if 'tv' is NULL
23063 Michael Kerrisk [Kevin O'Gorman]
23064 Clarify that this system call should not be invoked directly
23065 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42892
23067 Clarify NOTES discussion of mmap() versus mmap2()
23070 Michael Kerrisk [Michael Welsh Duggan]
23071 Document negative value in 'fd' field
23073 Document semantics of passing zero in 'events' field
23078 For some reason, the PTRACE_TRACEME paragraph talks about some
23079 general aspects of ptraced process behavior. It repeats the
23080 "tracee stops on every signal" information even though that was
23081 already explained just a few paragraphs before. Then it describes
23082 legacy SIGTRAP on execve().
23084 This patch deletes the first part, and moves the second part up,
23085 into the general ptrace description. It also adds
23086 "If PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC option is not in effect" to the description
23087 of the legacy SIGTRAP on execve().
23089 The patch also amends the part which says "For requests other
23090 than PTRACE_KILL, the tracee must be stopped." - PTRACE_ATTACH
23091 also doesn't require that.
23094 Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Jaeger, ]
23095 Clarify that the use of SI_SIGIO is for Linux 2.2 only
23096 See also http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6745
23103 Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi]
23107 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas]
23108 CONFORMING TO: Add C99
23112 Clarify further that return value is number of items, not bytes
23113 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=665780
23116 Michael Kerrisk [Jak]
23117 Correct type of ai_addrlen field
23121 SEE ALSO: add malloc_usable_size(3)
23122 SEE ALSO: Add malloc_trim(3)
23126 Fix text describing M_PERTURB and free()
23127 SEE ALSO: Add malloc_trim(3)
23130 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas]
23131 Remove mention of terminating null in description of rawmemchr()
23134 Michael Kerrisk [Jesus Otero]
23135 Note that use of 'sys_errlist' is deprecated
23139 glibc eventually added a declaration of iruserok() in version 2.12
23142 Michael Kerrisk [Ricardo Catalinas Jiménez]
23143 Add mention of _SC_SYMLOOP_MAX
23146 Michael Kerrisk [Tetsuo Handa]
23147 nologin must not only exist, but *be readable* to be effective
23151 Significant rewrites and improvements
23152 This patch applies to nsswitch.conf.5 in man-pages-3.36.
23154 My changes almost completely rewrite large sections of the
23155 man page. They are needed to add clarity, correct grammar,
23156 reduce confusion, and bring up-to-date with the latest glibc.
23157 I have checked the man page against the nss source code in
23160 Historical notes are demoted to the footer.
23162 The rewrite makes the man page much clearer to
23163 understand, more authoratitive, and easier to read.
23165 Light edits to Mark Bannister's changes
23169 Add prctl(PR_SET_MM) to CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
23173 Some minor clarifications at start of DESCRIPTION
23176 Jeff Mahoney [Petr Gajdos]
23177 Note cases where nonprivileged users can use netlink multicast groups
23178 See also https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=754611
23181 Michael Kerrisk [Tetsuo Handa]
23182 Add a detail on autobind feature
23185 Jonathan Nieder [Reuben Thomas]
23186 Document effect of hwcaps on search path
23187 Wording by Aurelien Jarno from Debian glibc's r4701 (2011-06-04).
23189 Addresses http://bugs.debian.org/622385
23192 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.40 ====================
23194 Released: 2012-04-27, Christchurch
23200 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
23201 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
23202 incorporated in changes in this release:
23204 Alexey Toptygin <alexeyt@freeshell.org>
23205 Bernhard Walle <bernhard@bwalle.de>
23206 Brian F. G. Bidulock <bidulock@openss7.org>
23207 Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
23208 Christopher Yeoh <cyeoh@au1.ibm.com>
23209 Daniel J Blueman <daniel@quora.org>
23210 Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
23211 Eugen Dedu <Eugen.Dedu@pu-pm.univ-fcomte.fr>
23212 James Hunt <james.hunt@ubuntu.com>
23213 John Sullivan <jsrhbz@kanargh.force9.co.uk>
23214 Jon Grant <jg@jguk.org>
23215 lepton <ytht.net@gmail.com>
23216 Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
23217 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
23218 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
23219 Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
23220 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
23221 Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
23222 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@gmail.com>
23223 Vadim Mikhailov <vadim.mikhailov@gmail.com>
23225 Apologies if I missed anyone!
23228 New and rewritten pages
23229 -----------------------
23232 Mike Frysinger, Christopher Yeoh, Michael Kerrisk
23233 New page for process_vm_readv(2) and process_vm_writev(2)
23237 New man page for mcheck(3) and related functions
23238 Also describes mcheck_check_all(3), mcheck_pedantic(3),
23242 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
23243 ---------------------------------------------
23247 Document "_af" variants of these functions
23248 Document rcmd_af(), rresvport_af(), iruserok_af(), ruserok_af().
23249 Also some restructuring and other clarifications.
23253 Document rexec_af()
23256 New and changed links
23257 ---------------------
23264 New links to rcmd.3
23268 New link to rexec.3
23271 Changes to individual pages
23272 ---------------------------
23276 Clarify difference between CLOCK_MONOTONIC and CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
23277 Note interactions of these two clocks with discontinuous
23278 adjustments to the system time and NTP/adjtime(2).
23281 Michael Kerrisk [John Sullivan]
23282 Fix description of ENOSYS and EOPNOTSUP errors
23283 As reported in https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=680214
23286 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
23287 Improve discussion of difference between wrapper and underlying syscall
23291 gettimeofday() is affected by discontinuous jumps in the system time
23292 Advise reader to use clock_gettime(2), if they need a
23293 monotonically increasing time source.
23295 SEE ALSO: Add clock_gettime(2)
23299 Add PR_TASK_PERF_EVENTS_DISABLE and PR_TASK_PERF_EVENTS_ENABLE
23300 Add some basic documentation of these operations, with a pointer to
23301 tools/perf/design.txt for more information.
23302 Michael Kerrisk [Marcel Holtmann]
23303 Amend details of PR_SET_PDEATHSIG
23306 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
23307 Note SPARC deviation with respect to get/set regs
23308 SPARC reverses the use of 'addr' and 'data' for
23309 PTRACE_GETREGS, PTRACE_GETFPREGS, PTRACE_SETREGS,
23310 and PTRACE_SETFPREGS.
23314 Document EACCES error case for UDP
23318 Remove mention of raise(3) for SI_USER
23319 For a long time now, glibc's raise(3) didn't yield SI_USER
23320 for the signal receiver, so remove mention of raise(3)
23321 here. The user can deduce the details, if needed, by looking
23322 at the recently updated raise(3) page.
23325 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
23326 Rewrite RETURN VALUE section to be clearer
23329 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
23330 Remove extraneous "POSIX" from NAME section
23337 Michael Kerrisk [Brian M. Carlson]
23338 Note that glibc no longer provides these interfaces
23339 glibc stopped providing these interfaces with v2.2.
23340 Nowadays, the user that finds these pages probably wants
23341 the libdb API, so note this in the page.
23343 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=337581
23347 BUGS: Note limitation on number of flag characters parsed in 'mode'
23349 Note that 'c' and 'e' flags are ignored for fdopen()
23350 Determined from reading libio/iofdopen.c.
23352 Document ",ccs=string" feature of 'mode' for fopen()/freopen()
23355 Michael Kerrisk [Ulrich Drepper]
23356 Fix discussion of _SC_GETGR_R_SIZE_MAX
23357 The value is not meant to be a maximum (as was specified in
23358 SUSv3) but an initial guess at the required size
23359 (as specified in SUSv4).
23362 Michael Kerrisk [Ulrich Drepper]
23363 Fix discussion of _SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX
23364 The value is not meant to be a maximum (as was specified in
23365 SUSv3) but an initial guess at the required size
23366 (as specified in SUSv4).
23372 SEE ALSO: add mcheck(3)
23376 Clarify description, omitting mention of "strings" and "characters"
23377 The existing text slipped into talking about characters and
23378 strings, which could mislead readers into thing that, for
23379 example, searches for the byte '\0' are treated specially.
23380 Therefore, rewrite in terms of "bytes" and "memory areas".
23382 At the same time, make a few source file clean-ups.
23386 Add "mkstemps" and "mkostemps" to NAME line
23389 Michael Kerrisk [Vadim Mikhailov]
23390 Add some details on use of the slave pathname
23391 An explicit pointer to ptsname(3) is useful, as is a note
23392 of the fact that the slave device pathname exists only as
23393 long as the master device is held open.
23397 Add some notes on underlying system call that is used
23401 Add some details of the rresvport() 'port' argument
23405 Note that many options are documented in resolv.conf(5)
23408 Michael Kerrisk [Daniel J Blueman]
23409 Improve EXAMPLE source code: s/0/NULL/ in scandir() call
23413 Explain behavior when searching for '\0'
23416 Eric Blake [Stefan Puiu]
23417 Improve strerror_r() description
23418 POSIX requires that perror() not modify the static storage
23419 returned by strerror(). POSIX 2008 and C99 both require that
23420 strerror() never return NULL (a strerror() that always
23421 returns "" for all inputs is valid for C99, but not for POSIX).
23423 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12204
23424 documents glibc's change to come into compliance with POSIX
23425 regarding strerror_r() return value. The GNU strerror_r() use
23426 of 'buf' was confusing - I ended up writing a test program that
23427 proves that 'buf' is unused for valid 'errnum', but contains
23428 truncated "unknown message" for out-of-range 'errnum'.
23430 See also http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=382
23432 Correct description of error return for XSI strerror_r()
23433 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake]
23434 Note how to use 'errno' to detect errors when calling strerror()
23435 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
23436 Add an example of the kind of string returned by strerror()
23440 Document "single-request" option
23444 Note buffer size that guarantees being able to read at least one event
23446 Correct description of size of inotify_event structure
23450 Add "-" for SOFT HYPHEN
23451 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=156154
23454 Brian F. G. Bidulock
23455 Document some SIOC configuration ioctls
23456 This patch adds common but missing SIOC configuration ioctls to
23457 the netdevice.7 manual pages that are not documented anywhere
23458 else. SIOCSIFPFLAGS and SIOCGIFPFLAGS are linux-specific. Flag
23459 values come from Linux 2.6.25 kernel headers for sockios. The
23460 others are standard BSD ioctls that have always been implemented
23461 by Linux and were verified from inspecting netdevice.c kernel
23465 Michael Kerrisk [Alexey Toptygin]
23466 Correct description of SO_BROADCAST
23470 Correct description for TCP_MAXSEG on modern kernel
23473 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.41 ====================
23475 Released: 2012-05-11, Christchurch
23481 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
23482 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
23483 incorporated in changes in this release:
23485 Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@gmail.com>
23486 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
23487 Angelo Borsotti <angelo.borsotti@gmail.com>
23488 Bjarni Ingi Gislason <bjarniig@rhi.hi.is>
23489 Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx>
23490 Casper Dik <Casper.Dik@oracle.com>
23491 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
23492 D. Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
23493 Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
23494 Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
23495 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
23496 Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
23497 Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
23498 Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
23499 Jean-Michel Vourgère <jmv_deb@nirgal.com>
23500 Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
23501 Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
23502 Kasper Dupont <kasperd@gmail.com>
23503 KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
23504 Lauri Kasanen <curaga@operamail.com>
23505 Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
23506 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
23507 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
23508 Nick Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
23509 Paul Pluzhnikov <ppluzhnikov@google.com>
23510 Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
23511 Ralph Corderoy <ralph@inputplus.co.uk>
23512 Rich Felker <bugdal@aerifal.cx>
23513 Simone Piccardi <piccardi@truelite.it>
23514 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
23515 Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
23516 Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
23517 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.net>
23518 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
23520 Apologies if I missed anyone!
23523 New and rewritten pages
23524 -----------------------
23527 Ivana Varekova [Michael Kerrisk]
23528 New page documenting get_robust_list(2) and set_robust_list(2)
23531 Michael Kerrisk [KOSAKI Motohiro, Paul Pluzhnikov]
23532 New page for mallinfo(3)
23535 Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Jelinek]
23536 New page for malloc_info(3)
23539 Michael Kerrisk [KOSAKI Motohiro]
23540 New man page for malloc_stats(3)
23543 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
23544 ---------------------------------------------
23548 Document MADV_DONTDUMP and MADV_DODUMP
23551 New and changed links
23552 ---------------------
23556 New link to new get_robust_list.2 page
23561 LIST_INSERT_AFTER.3
23567 TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER.3
23568 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD.3
23569 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL.3
23574 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER.3
23575 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_BEFORE.3
23576 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD.3
23577 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL.3
23580 New link to queue.3
23581 The queue(3) page documents these macros, so it makes sense to
23582 have links for the names.
23586 New link to des_crypt.3
23587 The des_crypt(3) page documents this macro, so it makes sense
23588 to have a link for the name.
23592 New link to qsort.3
23593 Overlooked to add this link in 3.38, when documentation of
23594 qsort_r() was added to the qsort.3 page.
23619 Michael Kerrisk [Lauri Kasanen]
23620 Global fix: note glibc version that added library support
23635 Michael Kerrisk [Andries E. Brouwer]
23636 Clarify that these functions operate on bytes, not (wide) characters
23637 Change 'character(s)' to 'byte(s)' to make clear that these
23638 functions operate on bytes, not wide / UTF8 characters.
23639 (POSIX uses 'byte(s)' similarly, to make this point.)
23649 Remove names of constants from NAME line
23650 Some of the sockets/network protocol pages included names of
23651 the corresponding address family constants in the NAME line,
23652 but this wasn't done consistently across all pages, and probably
23653 it adds little value in those pages that did do this. So, remove
23654 these constants from those pages that have them in the NAME
23658 Changes to individual pages
23659 ---------------------------
23662 Michael Kerrisk [Josh Triplett]
23663 Expand description of CLOCK_REALTIME
23664 Make it clear that this clock may be discontinuous, and is
23665 affected my incremental NTP and clock-adjtime(2) adjustments.
23667 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=540872
23671 Clarify that 'timeout' is a *minimum* interval
23672 Make it clear that 'timeout' is a minimum interval; the actual
23673 interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity,
23674 and may overrun because of kernel scheduling delays.
23678 Rewording to deemphasize libc5 details
23683 Can occur on, for example, non-MMU hardware.
23687 Add RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections
23689 Refer reader to NOTES for more info about 'tcache'
23691 DESCRIPTION: reword a sentence to be clearer
23699 Rewrite to focus on system call API
23700 Rewrite to focus on the system call interface, adding
23701 some notes on the libaio wrapper differences.
23702 See the following mail:
23703 2012-05-07 "aio manuals", linux-man@vger
23704 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/1935/focus=2910
23706 Other minor rewrites.
23710 Comment out an old Linux libc detail
23713 Nick Piggin [KOSAKI Motohiro, Jan Kara, Hugh Dickins]
23714 Describe race of direct I/O and fork()
23715 Rework 04cd7f64, which didn't capture the details correctly.
23716 See the April/May 2012 linux-man@ mail thread "[PATCH]
23717 Describe race of direct read and fork for unaligned buffers"
23718 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel.mm/77571
23722 Clarify that 'timeout' is a *minimum* interval
23723 Make it clear that 'timeout' is a minimum interval; the actual
23724 interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity,
23725 and may overrun because of kernel scheduling delays.
23727 Clarify discussion of wrapper function emulation
23728 Clarify that glibc (as well as old libc) provides emulation
23729 using select(2) on older kernels that don't have a poll()
23732 Make the meaning of a zero timeout explicit
23733 Clarify that timeout==0 causes an immediate return, even if
23734 no file descriptors are ready.
23737 Michael Kerrisk [Kasper Dupont]
23738 BUGS: Note O_APPEND + pwrite() does the wrong thing
23739 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43178
23743 Clarify that 'timeout' is a *minimum* interval
23744 Make it clear that 'timeout' interval will be rounded up to the
23745 system clock granularity, and may overrun because of kernel
23750 Clarify that 'timeout' is a *minimum* interval
23751 Make it clear that 'timeout' is a minimum interval; the actual
23752 interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity,
23753 and may overrun because of kernel scheduling delays.
23755 Expand description of the self-pipe trick
23757 Add further details on pselect6() system call that underlies pselect()
23761 Clarify that 'timeout' of semtimedop() is a *minimum* interval
23762 Make it clear that 'timeout' interval will be rounded up to the
23763 system clock granularity, and may overrun because of kernel
23768 Note that 'sig_t' requires _BSD_SOURCE
23769 Also remove some old Linux libc details
23773 Clarify that 'timeout' of sigtimedwait() is a *minimum* interval
23774 Make it clear that 'timeout' is a minimum interval; the actual
23775 interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity,
23776 and may overrun because of kernel scheduling delays.
23779 Bjarni Ingi Gislason
23781 From "groff -ww" (or "man --warnings=w ..."):
23783 warning: around line 442: table wider than line width
23785 GNU man uses line length of 78.
23787 Use text blocks. Two spaces between sentences or better: start
23788 each sentence in a new line.
23791 Bjarni Ingi Gislason
23793 From "groff -ww ..." (or "man --warnings=w ..."):
23795 warning: around line 157: table wider than line width
23797 Have to use text blocks. Move some text to its correct column.
23798 Split text to two columns to avoid hyphenation.
23802 Remove reference to obsolete libc5
23806 Remove some details about obsolete Linux libc
23816 ERRORS: Add/update ENOSYS error
23820 Clarify what happens when a request isn't successfully canceled
23822 Add pointers to aio(7) and sigevent(7)
23826 SYNOPSIS: Add header file <fcntl.h>
23827 Upstreamed from Debian, and consistent with FreeBSD
23828 dbopen(3) man page.
23832 Note details of POSIX.1-2008 specification of 'b' in 'mode'
23833 Michael Kerrisk [Rich Felker]
23834 BUGS: fmemopen() doesn't correctly set file position in some cases
23835 If 'mode' is append, but 'size' does not cover a null byte
23836 in 'buf', then fmemopen() incorrectly sets the initial file
23837 position to -1, rather than the next byte after the end of
23840 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=13151
23842 BUGS: fmemopen() incorrectly handles size==0 case
23843 If size is zero, fmemopen() fails, This is surprising behavior,
23844 and not specified in POSIX.1-2008.
23846 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=11216
23848 Reported-by; Alex Shinn <alexshinn@gmail.com>
23850 BUGS: Note silent ABI change for fmemopen() in glibc 2.9
23851 Michael Kerrisk [Rich Felker]
23852 BUGS: Append mode does not force writes to append
23853 Append mode correctly sets the initial offset but does
23854 not force subsequent writes to append at end of stream.
23856 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=13152
23857 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake]
23858 BUGS: Note inconsistent treatment of 'b' in 'mode'
23859 fopen() permits, for example, both "w+b" and "wb+",
23860 but only the latter is meaningful to fmemopen().
23862 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12836
23865 Michael Kerrisk [Petr Baudis]
23866 Correct description of return for user-supplied 'write' function
23867 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=2074
23870 Jean-Michel Vourgère
23871 Note that AI_ADDRCONFIG is not affected by loopback addresses
23872 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=660479
23876 Upstream useful NOTE from Debian
23877 Warn the reader that the pointer arguments can't be
23878 interpreted as C style strings. Also, note possible
23879 alignment requirements for the referenced bytes sequences,
23881 Write a better paragraph introducing iconv() and its arguments
23884 Michael Kerrisk [Vincent Lefevre]
23885 Clarify that the arguments to these macros must be real-floating
23886 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=609033
23890 Clarify that async notification occurs when *all* I/Os complete
23894 SYNOPSIS: Correct return types of major() and minor()
23895 See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=754188
23897 Reported-by; Zdenek Kabelac <zkabelac@redhat.com>
23901 SEE ALSO: Add malloc_info(3)
23905 Fix wordos in function names in NAME line
23909 Fix example program
23910 The example code was a version that was not consistent with
23911 the shell output shown on the page.
23913 Reported-bY: Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
23915 Restore accidentally omitted line in shell session
23917 SEE ALSO: Add malloc_stats(3)
23921 Change target of link to mmap.2 (was mmap2.2)
23922 Upstreamed from Red Hat / Fedora
23925 Michael Kerrisk [Casper Dik]
23926 Remove note about Solaris possibly returning a relative path
23929 Michael Kerrisk [Ralph Corderoy]
23930 Document behavior when 'ident' argument to openlog() is NULL
23931 See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/382096
23933 Update CONFORMING TO for POSIX.1-2008
23934 POSIX.1-2008 doesn't change any details, but make
23935 that more explicit.
23939 Remove some functions that have been documented
23943 Remove reference to nonexistent scsi(4) page
23944 Upstreamed from RedHat / Fedora
23947 Michael Kerrisk [Stephen Hemminger]
23948 Note that this driver was removed in 2.6.28
23949 See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/528020
23953 Upstream pieces from Red Hat/Fedora
23954 Note mention of empty password field.
23955 Add description of "*NP*" in password field.
23957 Various minor fixes and improvements
23961 Note that CAP_SYS_ADMIN processes can override file-max
23962 Upstreamed from red Hat / Fedora
23964 Document /proc/[pid]/cgroup
23965 Upstreamed from Red Hat / Fedora
23969 Take a Debian improvement into upstream
23973 Mention timezone directories in DESCRIPTION
23974 Note that timezone files are usually in /usr/lib/zoneinfo
23975 or /usr/share/zoneinfo.
23978 The SYNOPSIS doesn't correspond to a user-visible file.
23980 SEE ALSO: Add pointer to glibc source file timezone/tzfile.h
23982 SEE ALSO: add tzset(3) and tzselect(8)
23985 Bjarni Ingi Gislason
23986 Indent for "troff" makes table too wide
23987 Fix following from "groff -t -ww ...":
23989 warning: around line 53: table wider than line width
23991 Extra indent for "troff" makes the table look misplaced
23992 (default "ps" output).
23995 Bjarni Ingi Gislason
23997 From "nroff -ww -t ...":
23999 warning: around line 44: table wider than line width
24001 Columns are made narrower (column gutter decreased).
24005 Add ENODEV error for bind() to link-local IPv6 address
24008 Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi]
24009 Clarify that SIGLOST is unused
24011 Comment out crufty BUGS text on SIGLOST
24012 It must be a very long time since the statement there
24013 about SIGLOST was true. (The text seems to date back to
24016 Update architectures for tables of signal numbers
24021 This patch clarifies that 0xc0 and 0xc1 are not valid in any UTF-8
24022 encoding[0], and it also references RFC 3629 instead of RFC 2279.
24024 [0] In order to have 0xc0, you'd have to have a two-byte encoding
24025 with all the data bits zero in the first byte (and thus only six
24026 bits of data), which would be an ASCII character encoded in the
24027 non-shortest form. Similarly with 0xc1.
24029 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=538641
24034 Remove path prefix from NAME line
24035 Command names shown in NAME are normally just the basename,
24036 not the full pathname of the command.
24039 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.42 ====================
24041 Released: 2012-08-14, Konolfingen
24047 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
24048 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
24049 incorporated in changes in this release:
24051 Aaron Peschel <aaron.peschel@gmail.com>
24052 Adrian Dabrowski <atrox@seclab.tuwien.ac.at>
24053 Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@gmail.com>
24054 Alan Curry <pacman@kosh.dhis.org>
24055 Bjarni Ingi Gislason <bjarniig@rhi.hi.is>
24056 Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
24057 Colin McCabe <cmccabe@alumni.cmu.edu>
24058 Daniel Zingaro <daniel.zingaro@utoronto.ca>
24059 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
24060 Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@gmail.com>
24061 Henry Hu <henry.hu.sh@gmail.com>
24062 Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
24063 Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
24064 Jim Hill <gjthill@gmail.com>
24065 JoonSoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
24066 Kalle Olavi Niemitalo <kon@iki.fi>
24067 Martin H <textshell-tSIEzQ@neutronstar.dyndns.org>
24068 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
24069 Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
24070 Rasmus Villemoes <Rasmus.Villemoes@decode.is>
24071 Sami Kerola <kerolasa@iki.fi>
24072 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
24073 Shawn Landden <shawnlandden@gmail.com>
24074 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
24075 Tolga Dalman <tolga.dalman@googlemail.com>
24076 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@gmail.com>
24077 Марк Коренберг <socketpair@gmail.com>
24079 Apologies if I missed anyone!
24087 Global fix: use UR macro where applicable
24088 The syntax .UR http://example.com paired with .UE will create
24089 links which one can interact, if the pager allows that. One
24090 way to see the effect is ask the man(1) command to use browser
24095 ("\:" is optional groff syntax to permit hyphenless line breaks.)
24098 Changes to individual pages
24099 ---------------------------
24103 Add security note on untrusted executables
24104 See also http://www.catonmat.net/blog/ldd-arbitrary-code-execution/
24106 http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Program-Library-HOWTO/shared-libraries.html
24110 Rewrite discussion of sys_clone
24114 Consolidate error descriptions to ERRORS
24116 Various wording fix-ups
24118 Fix description of EINVAL error
24119 The current text seems incorrect. Replace with a more general
24132 Michael Kerrisk [Jan Engelhardt]
24133 Remove unneeded casts
24161 Add note to SYNOPSIS that there is no glibc wrapper for system call
24162 Reduce the chance that the reader may be misled into thinking
24163 that there is a wrapper function for this system call by noting
24164 explicitly in the SYNOPSIS that there is no glibc wrapper and
24165 pointing the reader to NOTES for further details.
24169 Clarify the multithreaded behavior of ioprio_set(2)
24170 Michael Kerrisk [Марк Коренберг, Kalle Olavi Niemitalo]
24171 Document who==0 for IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS and IOPRIO_WHO_PGRP
24172 For IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS, who==0 means operate on the caller.
24173 For IOPRIO_WHO_PGRP, who==0 means operate on the caller's
24176 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=652443
24179 Michael Kerrisk [Christoph Lameter, JoonSoo Kim]
24180 Fix description of return value
24184 For MS_REMOUNT, source is ignored
24187 Michael Kerrisk [Rasmus Villemoes]
24188 'addr' argument is not const
24189 As reported by Rasmus:
24191 Both my system's man-pages (3.22) and the latest online
24194 int mprotect(const void *addr, size_t len, int prot);
24196 as the prototype for mprotect(2). However, POSIX [1] and the
24197 actual sys/mman.h (on all the systems I checked) do not have
24198 the const qualifier on the first argument.
24205 Don't mention that ipc_perm is defined in <sys/ipc.h>
24206 There's no need to mention that the 'ipc_perm' structure
24207 is defined in <sys/ipc.h>. That's an implementation detail,
24208 and furthermore <sys/ipc.h> is itself included by the other
24209 System V IPC header files. The current text might lead the
24210 reader to conclude that they must include <sys/ipc.h>, which
24211 is not the case (it is required neither on Linux, nor by the
24223 NOTES: <sys/types.h> and <sys/ipc.h> aren't strictly needed
24224 Add text to NOTES to say that the <sys/types.h> and <sys/ipc.h>
24225 header files aren't required by Linux or the standards, but may
24226 be needed for portability to old systems.
24230 Explain WNOHANG behavior and EINTR bug
24231 I didn't like the "SIGKILL operates similarly, with exceptions"
24232 phrase (if it's different, then it's not "similar", right?),
24233 and now I got around to changing it. Now it says simply:
24234 "SIGKILL does not generate signal-delivery-stop and therefore
24235 the tracer can't suppress it."
24237 Replaced "why WNOHANG is not reliable" example with a more
24238 realistic one (the one which actually inspired to add this
24239 information to man page in the first place): we got
24240 ESRCH - process is gone! - but waitpid(WNOHANG) can still
24241 confusingly return 0 "no processes to wait for".
24243 Replaced "This means that unneeded trailing arguments may
24244 be omitted" part with a much better recommendation
24245 to never do that and to supply zero arguments instead.
24246 (The part about "undocumentedness" of gcc behavior was bogus,
24249 Expanded BUGS section with the explanation and an example
24250 of visible strace behavior on the buggy syscalls which
24251 exit with EINTR on ptrace attach. I hope this will lead
24252 to people submitting better bug reports to lkml about
24257 Note glibc version where setegid() implementation changed
24258 In glibc 2.2/2.3, setegid() switched from setregid() to setresgid().
24262 Rename 'ctid' argument for consistency with clone(2) page
24264 Some rewordings and minor clarifications
24267 Michael Kerrisk [Daniel Zingaro]
24268 Some wording clarifications
24269 Mainly rewording things like "is delivered" to "becomes pending",
24270 which is more accurate terminology.
24274 Add some more details to the description of syscall(2)
24275 And add another example of using syscall() to the program example.
24281 Move discussion of set_zone_reclaim(2) out of main table
24282 This system call was never visible to user space, so it makes
24283 sense to move it out of the main table of system calls into
24284 the notes below the table.
24287 Michael Kerrisk [Adrian Dabrowski]
24288 Note that ifa_addr and ifa_netmask can be NULL
24291 Michael Kerrisk [Jan Engelhardt]
24292 Handle -1 error from pathconf() in example code snippet
24293 Improve the example demonstrating allocation of a buffer
24294 for readdir_r() to handle -1 error return from pathconf().
24295 Otherwise, naive readers may think that pathconf() return
24296 value can be used without checking.
24300 Use past tense with ancient history (libc4, libc5)
24304 Correct SEE ALSO reference to glibc manual "regex" section
24307 Michael Kerrisk [Jan Engelhardt]
24308 Fix broken pointer cast in example code
24320 Note that "cc -pthread" is required; "-lrt" no longer works
24321 See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/874418
24325 Reword "is delivered" to "becomes pending"
24329 Add some text to emphasize the dangers of buffer overruns
24331 NOTES: Add discussion of strlcat()
24335 Note that info is lost when strncpy() doesn't null terminate
24337 Add some text to emphasize possibility of buffer runs with strcpy()
24339 NOTES: Add a discussion of strlcpy()
24340 Inspired by https://lwn.net/Articles/506530/
24342 Fix description of the null-byte padding performed by strncpy()
24346 NOTES: remove redundant discussion of unorthodox use of term "postorder"
24347 This point is already covered at greater length in the main
24348 text of the page (See the piece "More commonly, ...").
24350 Clarify use for first argument to the twalk() 'action' function
24351 There's a number of details in POSIX that are omitted in
24352 the current version of this page.
24358 Note effect of madvise(2) MADV_DONTDUMP flag
24362 Document CAP_BLOCK_SUSPEND
24365 Bjarni Ingi Gislason
24366 Change 8 bit characters to 7 bit representation
24367 Fixes rendering errors for accented 'a' characters.
24368 Michael Kerrisk [Aaron Peschel]
24369 Update bash(1) command used to obtain classical globbing behavior
24370 The man page formerly noted the bash(1) v1 command to do this.
24373 Bjarni Ingi Gislason
24374 Explanation of SOFT HYPHEN and the code for it
24375 <groff: iso_8859-2.7>:89: warning: can't find special character `shc'
24377 This is the only "iso_8859-*.7" file that has this (now)
24378 undefined character. The code in column four in "iso_8859-1.7" is
24379 "0x2D" ("HYPHEN, MINUS SIGN" or "HYPHEN-MINUS") instead of "0xAD".
24380 See Debian bug 156154 (or package "manpages").
24382 There should be an explanation for this graphic character and the
24383 code should be 0xAD in iso_8859-1.7 (as in all others), even
24384 though "[gn]roff" does not display a "HYPHEN" in that position of
24387 The line with "SOFT HYPHEN" gets a footnote and a short
24391 Bjarni Ingi Gislason
24392 Fixing a warning and a table
24393 Fis warning from "groff -ww ..." (or "man --warnings=w ..."):
24395 <groff: mdoc.7>:294: warning:
24396 tab character in unquoted macro argument
24398 In one table the distance between columns is too small in the
24399 "ps" output. (Bug in the groff "doc.tmac" macro?)
24402 Bjarni Ingi Gislason
24403 Fix warnings from [ng]roff, corrections
24404 From "man -ww ..." (groff -ww ...):
24406 <standard input>:541: warning:
24407 tab character in unquoted macro argument
24408 [+3 similar warnings]
24409 <standard input>:813: warning: macro `Pu' not defined
24410 Usage: .Rv -std in sections 2 and 3 only (#1669)
24411 mdoc warning: A .Bl directive has no matching .El (#1821)
24413 String "Pu" defined as a row of punctuation characters.
24414 ".Bl" and ".El" fixed.
24415 Some arguments, that start with a period or are the name of a
24416 macro, protected with "\&".
24417 Variable name for macro ".Rv" corrected.
24420 Bjarni Ingi Gislason
24421 Line in table too long
24422 Fix warning from "man ..." ("nroff -ww ..."):
24424 nroff: netdevice.7: warning: around line 98:
24425 table wider than line width
24427 Fix: No right adjustment in text blocks in tables.
24429 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=673873
24432 Bjarni Ingi Gislason
24433 Line in table is too long
24434 Fix warning from "man ..." ("nroff -ww ..."):
24436 nroff: netlink.7: warning: around line 195:
24437 table wider than line width
24439 Horizontal line incorporated into table.
24440 No right adjustment of text blocks in tables.
24442 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=673875
24443 Simon Paillard [Herbert Xu]
24444 Change description of "*_pid" fields to "Port ID"
24445 As reported by Herbert Xu, these should not be considered as PIDs.
24447 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=383296
24450 Bjarni Ingi Gislason
24451 Line in table too long
24452 Fix warning from "man ..." ("nroff -ww ..."):
24454 nroff: rtnetlink.7: warning: around line 415:
24455 table wider than line width
24457 Column gutter reduced to fit line length.
24458 Right adjustment in text blocks removed in tables.
24459 Some header made centered in tables.
24460 One table put on same page.
24462 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=674051
24466 Document SO_MARK socket option
24467 Commit 4a19ec5800fc3bb64e2d87c4d9fdd9e636086fe0 in Jan 2008 added
24468 the new SO_MARK socket option.
24470 This patch is based on text from the commit message.
24472 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=16461.
24476 SYNOPSIS: Remove include of <sys/types.h> and <sys/ipc.h>
24477 Including <sys/types.h> and <sys/ipc.h> isn't needed on Linux
24478 and isn't really relevant for the explanation on this page.
24481 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.43 ====================
24483 Released: 2012-10-05, Munich
24489 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
24490 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
24491 incorporated in changes in this release:
24493 Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
24494 Anatoli Klassen <anatoli@aksoft.net>
24495 Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
24496 Bjarni Ingi Gislason <bjarniig@rhi.hi.is>
24497 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
24498 Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
24499 Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
24500 Frédéric Brière <fbriere@fbriere.net>
24501 Fredrik Arnerup <arnerup@kth.se>
24502 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
24503 Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@inai.de>
24504 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
24505 Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>
24506 Stephane Fillod <fillods@users.sf.net>
24507 Trevor Woerner <twoerner@gmail.com>
24508 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
24510 Apologies if I missed anyone!
24513 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
24514 ---------------------------------------------
24517 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer, Andreas Schwab]
24518 Document secure_getenv(3)
24521 New and changed links
24522 ---------------------
24526 New link to unimplemented.2
24530 New link to getenv.3
24538 Global fix: s/-/\\-/ when real hyphen is required (e.g., in code)
24541 David Prévot [Michael Kerrisk]
24542 Global fix: Various consistency fixes for SEE ALSO
24546 Global fix: use "Linux kernel source" consistently
24547 Rather than "kernel source".
24551 Global fix: disable justification and hyphenation in SEE ALSO
24552 For a better visual result, disable justification and hyphenation
24553 in SEE ALSO where page names are long.
24559 Global fix: s/OS/operating system/
24562 Changes to individual pages
24563 ---------------------------
24566 Michael Kerrisk [Fredrik Arnerup]
24567 Describe timeout limitation in kernels < 2.6.37
24568 As reported by Fredrik (and as far as I can tell the problem
24569 went back to 2.6.0):
24571 The timeout argument has an upper limit. Any values above that
24572 limit are treated the same as -1, i.e. to wait indefinitely.
24573 The limit is given by:
24575 #define EP_MAX_MSTIMEO min(1000ULL * MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT / HZ, \
24576 (LONG_MAX - 999ULL) / HZ)
24578 That is, the limit depends on the size of a long and the timer
24579 frequency. Assuming the long is never smaller than 32 bits
24580 and HZ never larger than 1000, the worst case is 35 minutes.
24581 I think this should be mentioned under "BUGS".
24583 Although this is likely to be fixed in the future
24584 (http://lkml.org/lkml/2010/8/8/144), the problem exists in
24585 at least 2.6.14 - 2.6.35. I don't know if select(2) and poll(2)
24588 https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=20762
24590 Add pointer to select(2) for discussion of close in another thread
24593 Michael Kerrisk [Trevor Woerner]
24594 Note Linux's odd handling of the new_value==NULL case
24595 Michael Kerrisk [Trevor Woerner]
24596 Fix types used to declare fields in timeval struct
24600 Reorder SEE ALSO, without .br
24604 Add pointer to select(2) for discussion of close in another thread
24607 Michael Kerrisk [Stephane Fillod]
24608 Note behavior if monitored file descriptor is closed in another thread
24609 Executive summary: a sane application can't rely on any
24610 particular behavior if another thread closes a file descriptor
24611 being monitored by select().
24613 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=40852
24615 Clarify equivalent pselect() code in terms of threads
24616 s/sigprogmask/pthread_sigmask/
24620 Recast discussion of blocking behavior in terms of threads
24621 semop() blocks the calling thread, not the process.
24623 SEE ALSO: Add clone(2)
24624 Give reader a clue about CLONE_SYSVSEM.
24627 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Dumazet]
24628 Document EINVAL error (and associated bug)
24629 Eric Dumazet noted that EINVAL was not documented. Some further
24630 digging shows that it's also not diagnosed consistently.
24631 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=47111.
24635 Tweak SA_RESETHAND description
24639 Small rewording around discussion of pointer arguments
24643 Note that these functions are nonstandard and recommend alternatives
24644 Some edits to Adrian's patch by mtk.
24646 CONFORMING TO: Note SUS details for wait3()
24648 gnu_get_libc_version.3
24650 Remove unneeded "#define _GNU_SOURCE" from SYNOPSIS
24655 Remove wording "another"
24656 Writing "another thread" in these pages implies that these
24657 functions can't be used to send a signal to the calling thread
24658 itself, which is of course untrue.
24662 Add "int" arg to sv_handler definition in sigvec structure
24664 Fix small error in discussion of blocking of signals
24665 The signal that causes the handler to be invoked is blocked,
24666 but saying "by default" implies that this can be changed via
24667 the API. It cannot. (One needs sigaction(2) for that.)
24671 Remove (apparently bogus) text claiming LOG_AUTH is deprecated
24672 LOG_AUTH is in POSIX, and widely available. There
24673 seems to be no basis to the claim it is deprecated.
24676 I cannot find any other source that claim LOG_AUTH is
24677 deprecated in any way. LOG_AUTH is distinct from
24678 LOG_AUTHPRIV. The GNU C Library manual only documents
24679 LOG_AUTH. The header files contains both without any
24680 comment. Common systems like Debian appear to refer to
24681 both auth and authpriv facilities in syslog configurations.
24682 Popular daemons appear to use both facilities.
24683 Both facilities are discussed in several RFCs.
24685 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=46091
24689 SEE ALSO: Add ctermid(3)
24693 Clarify header file related to 'flags' field of /proc/PID/stat
24694 Michael Kerrisk [Frédéric Brière]
24695 Update description of 'starttime' field of /proc/PID/stat
24696 The unit of measurement changed from jiffies to clock ticks in
24699 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=675891
24701 Document /proc/sys/kernel/kptr_restrict
24702 Michael Kerrisk [Kees Cook]
24703 Document /proc/sys/fs/protected_symlinks
24704 Based on text in Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt by Kees Cook
24705 Michael Kerrisk [Kees Cook]
24706 Document /proc/sys/fs/protected_hardlinks
24707 Based on text in Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt by Kees Cook
24711 Document interaction of CAP_SYSLOG and /proc/sys/kernel/kptr_restrict
24715 SEE ALSO: Add ipv6(7)
24716 SEE ALSO: Add icmp(7)
24720 Add some advice about disabling hyphenation in SEE ALSO
24724 Describe interpretation of slashes in dependency strings
24726 Repeat note that LD_LIBRARY_PATH is ignored in privileged programs
24727 This point is already noted when discussing search order for
24728 libraries, but it's worth repeating under the specific discussion
24729 of LD_LIBRARY_PATH further down the page.
24731 Add some details for LD_PRELOAD
24732 Note that LD_PRELOAD list separator can be space or colon
24735 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.44 ====================
24737 Released: 2012-11-07, Barcelona
24743 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
24744 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
24745 incorporated in changes in this release:
24747 Bert Hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
24748 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
24749 James Youngman <jay@gnu.org>
24750 Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
24751 Lars Wirzenius <liw@iki.fi>
24752 Lucas De Marchi <lucas.de.marchi@gmail.com>
24753 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
24754 Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
24755 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
24756 Thomas Habets <thomas@habets.se>
24758 Apologies if I missed anyone!
24761 New and rewritten pages
24762 -----------------------
24766 Rewrite to Linux 2.6+ reality
24768 Change license and copyright
24769 There is now nothing left of the original FSF-copyrighted
24770 page. So, change the copyright and license.
24771 Michael Kerrisk [Lucas De Marchi, Rusty Russell]
24772 Substantial reorganization after comments from Rusty Russell
24773 Rusty notes that O_NONBLOCK is almost always used in
24774 practice. Therefore, it would be better to reorganize
24775 the page to consider that "the default".
24779 Rewrite to Linux 2.6+ reality
24781 Change copyright and license
24782 Little of the original page now remains. Change
24783 copyright and license
24784 Michael Kerrisk [Rusty Russell]
24785 Changes after review comments from Rusty Russell
24787 Add various pieces describing Linux 2.6+ behavior
24788 Pieces take from, or inspired by, a patch sent by Kees.
24792 Document getauxval() function added in glibc 2.16
24800 Global fix: Use consistent capitalization in NAME section
24801 The line(s) in the NAME section should only use capitals
24802 where English usage dictates that. Otherwise, use
24803 lowercase throughout.
24807 Global fix: "userspace" ==> "user space" or "user-space"
24808 Existing pages variously use "userspace or "user space".
24809 But, "userspace" is not quite an English word.
24810 So change "userspace" to "user space" or, when used
24811 attributively, "user-space".
24814 Changes to individual pages
24815 ---------------------------
24820 Linking with -lrt is no longer needed from glibc 2.17 onward
24824 Note that this system call is present only in kernels before 2.6
24826 Note that ENOSYS probably indicates kernel 2.6+
24830 Document treatment of PR_SET_PDEATHSIG on execve()
24832 Document treatment of SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS securebits flag on execve()
24836 Note treatment of default timer slack value on fork()
24839 Simon Paillard [Lars Wirzenius]
24840 Point out that these calls relate to NIS, not DNS
24841 See http://bugs.debian.org/295635
24845 Note that this system call is present only in kernels before 2.6
24849 Update note on architectures that don't have ipc()
24850 Replace mention of ia64 with x86-64 and ARM.
24854 Add EPERM error triggered by /proc/sys/fs/protected_hardlink
24858 Mention Documentation/prctl/no_new_privs.txt for PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS
24860 update seccomp sections for mode 2 (BPF)
24861 This adds a short summary of the arguments used
24862 for "mode 2" (BPF) seccomp.
24864 Small improvements to PR_SET_SECCOMP discussion
24865 Note type of 'arg3' for SECCOMP_MODE_FILTER.
24866 Add pointer to Documentation/prctl/seccomp_filter.txt.
24868 Note 'seccomp' semantics with respect to fork(), execve(), and prctl()
24870 Document PR_SET_TIMERSLACK and PR_GET_TIMERSLACK
24872 Reword PR_SET_NAME and PR_GET_NAME in terms of threads
24875 document PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, PR_GET_NO_NEW_PRIVS
24876 This adds a short description of the no_new_privs bit,
24877 as described in Documentation/prctl/no_new_privs.txt.
24881 Clarify that some operations are not present on all architectures
24882 PTRACE_GETREGS, PTRACE_SETGREFS, PTRACE_GETFPREGS,
24883 and PTRACE_GETSPREGS are not present on all architectures.
24884 PTRACE_SYSEMU and PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP are present only
24887 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=122383
24891 Add a few words clarifying reference to /sys/module
24893 Note that this system call is present only in kernels before 2.6
24895 Note that ENOSYS probably indicates kernel 2.6+
24897 SEE ALSO: Add modinfo(8) and lsinfo(8)
24899 Move some information in NOTES to VERSIONS
24903 Update note on architectures that don't have socketcall()
24904 Replace mention of ia64 with x86-64 and ARM.
24908 Recommend clock_gettime(2) as alternative to times(2)
24910 clock_getcpuclockid.3
24912 Linking with -lrt is no longer needed from glibc 2.17 onward
24915 Simon Paillard [James Youngman]
24916 Improve description of physical vs. logical tree walking
24917 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=633505
24921 SEE ALSO: add getauxval(3)
24925 Document /proc/meminfo
24926 Info mostly taken from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
24927 and Documentation/vm/hugetlbpage.txt.
24929 Default for /proc/sys/fs/protected_{hardlinks,symlinks} is now 0
24930 The default setting of 1 in/proc/sys/fs/protected_hardlinks
24931 and /proc/sys/fs/protected_symlinks caused one too many
24932 breakages for Linus's taste, so commit 561ec64ae67e changed
24933 the default for both files to 0.
24934 Note system call error yielded by /proc/sys/fs/protected_symlinks
24935 Note that violating 'protected_symlinks' restrictions
24936 causes system calls to fail with the error EACCES.
24938 Since Linux 2.6.27, /proc/sys/kernel/modprobe depends on CONFIG_MODULES
24942 Document IPV6_RECVPKTINFO
24946 Note rules for capitalization in NAME section
24950 Add a subsection on timer slack
24954 SEE ALSO: add getauxval(3)
24957 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.45 ====================
24959 Released: 2012-12-21, Christchurch
24965 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
24966 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
24967 incorporated in changes in this release:
24969 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
24970 Cyril Hrubis <chrubis@suse.cz>
24971 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
24972 Elie De Brauwer <eliedebrauwer@gmail.com>
24973 Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
24974 Felipe Pena <felipensp@gmail.com>
24975 Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
24976 Gao Feng <gaofeng@cn.fujitsu.com>
24977 Jan Glauber <jang@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
24978 Jim Paris <jim@jtan.com>
24979 Jon Grant <jg@jguk.org>
24980 Julien Cristau <jcristau@debian.org>
24981 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
24982 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
24983 Rens van der Heijden <rens.vanderheijden@uni-ulm.de>
24984 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
24985 Thierry Vignaud <thierry.vignaud@gmail.com>
24986 Trevor Woerner <twoerner@gmail.com>
24987 YOSHIFUJI Hideaki <yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org>
24989 Apologies if I missed anyone!
24992 New and rewritten pages
24993 -----------------------
24995 s390_runtime_instr.2
24997 New page for s390-specific s390_runtime_instr(2)
25001 Document if_nameindex(3) and if_freenameindex(3)
25003 Edits, improvements and corrections to Hideaki's page
25005 Add an example program
25009 New page documenting if_nametoindex(3) and if_indextoname(3)
25012 New and changed links
25013 ---------------------
25017 New link to if_nameindex.3
25021 New link to if_nametoindex.3
25030 Global fix: s/runtime/run time/
25033 Changes to individual pages
25034 ---------------------------
25038 Since 2.6.30, CLONE_NEWIPC also supports POSIX message queues
25042 Small rewording of description of effect of O_TRUNC
25045 Michael Kerrisk [Trevor Woerner]
25046 Document Linux's nonstandard treatment or RLIMIT_CPU soft limit
25047 Upon encountering the RLIMIT_CPU soft limit when a SIGXCPU handler
25048 has been installed, Linux invokes the signal handler *and* raises
25049 the soft limit by one second. This behavior repeats until the
25050 limit is encountered. No other implementation that I tested
25051 (Solaris 10, FreeBSD 9.0, OpenBSD 5.0) does this, and it seems
25052 unlikely to be POSIX-conformant. The (Linux-specific)
25053 RLIMIT_RTTIME soft limit exhibits similar behavior.
25055 Point reader at discussion of /proc/[pid]/limits in proc(5)
25059 io_getevents() may cause segfault when called with invalid ctx_id
25060 For reference see: http://marc.info/?l=linux-aio&m=130089887002435&w=2
25063 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Dumazet]
25064 UNIX domain sockets support MSG_TRUNC since 3.4
25068 Add example program for sendmmsg()
25072 Clarify description of EOVERFLOW error
25073 The EOVERFLOW error is not only for st_size, but also
25074 inode and block size fields. See glibc source file
25075 sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/xstatconv.c and kernel source
25076 file fs/stat.c. Also, fix bit/byte confusion
25077 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=604928
25081 Update various references to "i386" to "x86"
25083 Add s390_runtime_instr(2)
25087 Mention CONFIG_SYSCTL_SYSCALL
25089 Calls to sysctl() log warnings to the kernel log since 2.6.24
25093 Substantially reorganize discussion of commands
25094 Make the layout of the discussion of the commands
25097 Add kernel symbolic 'type' names
25099 Clarify SYSLOG_ACTION_SIZE_UNREAD semantics
25100 SYSLOG_ACTION_SIZE_UNREAD returns the number of bytes
25101 available for reading via SYSLOG_ACTION_READ.
25103 Clarify where SYSLOG_ACTION_READ_ALL places data it reads
25105 Clarify semantics of SYSLOG_ACTION_CLEAR
25106 The SYSLOG_ACTION_CLEAR command (5) does not really clear
25107 the ring buffer; rather it affects the semantics of what
25108 is returned by commands 3 (SYSLOG_ACTION_READ_ALL) and
25109 4 (SYSLOG_ACTION_READ_CLEAR).
25111 Clarify discussion of privileges for commands 3 and 10
25113 Add mention of CONFIG_LOG_BUF_SHIFT
25117 BUGS: Document odd waitid() behavior when 'infop' is NULL
25120 Michael Kerrisk [Julien Cristau]
25121 Update description of ifa_data to Linux 2.6+ reality
25122 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=526778
25125 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
25126 Enhance RETURN VALUE text and remove redundant text from DESCRIPTION
25127 Note that sign of result equals sign of difference between
25128 first two bytes that differ (treated as "unsigned char")."
25131 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer]
25132 Deemphasize discussion of mode 066 in glibc 2.0.6
25133 Glibc 2.0.6 is now so ld that the discussion of details
25134 of that version can be deemphasized placing just under
25137 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=51811
25140 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
25141 Enhance RETURN VALUE text and remove redundant text from DESCRIPTION
25142 Note that sign of result equals sign of difference between
25143 first two bytes that differ (treated as "unsigned char")."
25147 Fix confused text in ERRORS
25148 The existing text suggested that the ERRORS applied
25149 only for ttyname_r(). However, 2 of the 3 errors
25150 can occur for ttyname().
25154 Remove some now documented functions
25157 Michael Kerrisk [Jim Paris]
25158 Correct description of SwapFree in /proc/meminfo
25160 Note change of /proc/[pid]/limits file permissions in 2.6.36
25164 Document IPv6 format for nameserver
25165 See: http://bugs.debian.org/610036
25168 Michael Kerrisk [Rens van der Heijden]
25169 Correct URL for POSIX.1e draft
25173 Add description of getsockopt() for IPV6_MTU
25174 In IPv4,IP_MTU is only supported by getsockopt.
25175 In IPv6, we can use IPV6_MTU to set socket's MTU,
25176 but the return value of getsockopt() is the path MTU.
25179 Michael Kerrisk [Julien Cristau]
25180 Update description of IFLA_STATS to Linux 2.6+ reality
25181 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=526778
25184 Michael Kerrisk [YOSHIFUJI Hideaki]
25185 Document 'sockaddr' and 'sockaddr_storage' types
25187 Explain effect of SO_SNDTIMEO for connect()
25188 When SO_SNDTIMEO is set before connect(), then connect()
25189 may return EWOULDBLOCK when the timeout fires.
25192 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.46 ====================
25194 Released: 2013-01-27, Canberra
25200 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
25201 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
25202 incorporated in changes in this release:
25204 Andrew Perepechko <andrew_perepechko@xyratex.com>
25205 Cédric Boutillier <cedric.boutillier@gmail.com>
25206 Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
25207 Daan Spitz <daan.f.spitz@gmail.com>
25208 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
25209 Elie De Brauwer <eliedebrauwer@gmail.com>
25210 Garrett Cooper <yanegomi@gmail.com>
25211 James Noble <James.Noble@daktronics.com>
25212 Justin Lebar <justin.lebar@gmail.com>
25213 Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
25214 Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi>
25215 Mark Hills <mark@pogo.org.uk>
25216 Maxin B. John <maxin.john@gmail.com>
25217 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
25218 Michal Gorny <mgorny@gentoo.org>
25219 Peter Budny <bigpeteb@gmail.com>
25220 Peter Lekeynstein <lekensteyn@gmail.com>
25221 Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
25222 Samuel Thibault <sthibault@debian.org>
25223 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
25224 Shawn Landden <shawnlandden@gmail.com>
25225 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
25226 Starlight <starlight.2013q1@binnacle.cx>
25227 Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
25228 Wolfgang Rohdewald <wolfgang@rohdewald.de>
25229 Zsbán Ambrus <ambrus@math.bme.hu>
25231 Apologies if I missed anyone!
25234 New and rewritten pages
25235 -----------------------
25238 Cyrill Gorcunov, Michael Kerrisk
25239 New page for kcmp(2)
25242 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
25243 ---------------------------------------------
25246 Michael Kerrisk [Kees Cook, Rusty Russell, Lucas De Marchi]
25247 Document finit_module(2)
25248 Rusty Russell [Lucas De Marchi, Kees Cook]
25249 Document finit_module() 'flags' argument
25250 Document MODULE_INIT_IGNORE_MODVERSIONS and
25251 MODULE_INIT_IGNORE_VERMAGIC. (Some edits by mtk.)
25254 New and changed links
25255 ---------------------
25259 New link to init_module.2
25261 __after_morecore_hook.3
25263 __malloc_initialize_hook.3
25267 New link to malloc_hook.3
25275 Global fix: s/tty/terminal/
25278 Changes to individual pages
25279 ---------------------------
25283 Add kernel versions for various CLONE_* constants
25285 CLONE_NEWIPC governs mechanisms that don't have filesystem pathnames
25287 CLONE_NEWIPC doesn't mount the POSIX MQ file system
25289 Add an example program (CLONE_NEWUTS)
25291 Some reworking of CLONE_NEWIPC text
25292 No substantial content changes.
25294 SEE ALSO: add kcmp(2)
25295 SEE ALSO: add setns(2)
25299 FALLOC_FL_* flags are defined in glibc only since 2.18
25304 Michael Kerrisk [Andrew Perepechko, ]
25305 Note that ENOATTR is a synonym for ENODATA
25306 Various people have pointed out that strace(1) shows ENODATA
25307 for the case where the named attribute does not exist, or
25308 the process has no access to this attribute. ENODATA
25309 and ENOATTR are in fact defined as synonyms. Point this out
25310 in the man page, so that people understand the strace(1) info.
25312 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=51871
25319 Put errors under ERRORS section
25320 The errno values on these pages were listed in a nonstandard
25321 way under the RETURN VALUE section. Put them in ERRORS sections.
25324 Michael Kerrisk [Rusty Russell]
25325 ERRORS: Add errors for module signatures (EBADMSG, ENOKEY)
25336 Document EDQUOT error
25337 The return error EDQUOT is not documented in open(2), write(2),
25340 Whether inodes or disk blocks are required for each function
25341 is something I based on received wisdom and BSD documentation,
25342 rather than tracing the code to the kernel. For symlink(2)
25343 this certainly depends on the file system type.
25346 Michael Kerrisk [Theodore Ts'o]
25347 Fix RETURN VALUE description
25348 On success, 0 may be returned, so change wording from
25349 "positive number" to "nonnegative number".
25357 Document PR_SET_PTRACER
25358 Document the Yama LSM's prctl handler that allows processes to
25359 declare ptrace restriction exception relationships via
25362 Make it explicit that PR_SET_PTRACER replaces previous setting
25363 The attribute is a scalar, not a list.
25365 Document EINVAL error for PR_SET_PTRACER
25367 Document PR_GET_TID_ADDRESS
25371 Document PTRACE_O_EXITKILL
25373 Place PTRACE_SETOPTIONS list in alphabetical order
25377 Must be called using syscall(2)
25378 Yes, the call is way obsolete, but add this info
25383 Add/correct kernel version info for recvmmsg() and MSG_WAITFORNONE
25384 This patch isolates the since/version related fixes as requested.
25385 This change introduces the following delta:
25386 * The page states it was added in 2.6.32 but it is only added
25387 2.6.33 (ref: http://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_33)
25388 * The MSG_WAITFORONE flag was in turn only added in 2.6.34
25389 (ref: http://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_34)
25391 Add an example program
25395 Add example program
25398 Michael Kerrisk [Zsbán Ambrus]
25399 Note feature test macro requirements for 'siginfo_t'
25400 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=52931
25404 Add kern_features(2)
25406 Add utrap_install(2)
25407 Sparc-specific, present since ancient times
25409 Add finit_module(2)
25412 Michael Kerrisk [Garrett Cooper]
25413 ERRORS: EACCES as a synonym for EPRM
25414 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=46731
25415 and http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.ltp/11413/focus=957635
25416 From: Garrett Cooper <yanegomi <at> gmail.com>
25417 Subject: Re: [LTP] [PATCH] sysctl03: sysctl returns EACCES after 2.6.33-rc1
25418 Newsgroups: gmane.linux.kernel, gmane.linux.ltp
25419 Date: 2010-03-04 18:35:33 GMT
25423 Update NOTES on unimplemented flags
25425 Fix text problems in description of CLONE_FS
25427 SEE ALSO: add kcmp(2)
25428 SEE ALSO: add setns(2)
25430 Reorder CLONE_NEWUTS entry in list
25433 Michael Kerrisk [Michal Gorny]
25434 Remove crufty text about 'time_t' on "other systems"
25435 Back in 2006, some text came in via Debian patches that seems
25438 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=46731
25442 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Budny]
25443 Fix some confused references to function names
25444 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=52741
25447 Michael Kerrisk [Wolfgang Rohdewald]
25449 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=52681
25453 Add proper page cross refs for alternate functions
25458 Clarify suid_dumpable versus core_pattern
25459 In Linux 3.6, additional requirements were placed on core_pattern
25460 when suid_dumpable is set to 2. Document this and include commit
25463 statm's "shared" field refers to pages backed by files
25464 I noticed that statm's "shared" field doesn't match the sum of
25465 all the "shared" entries in smaps [1].
25467 The kernel docs explain that statm's "shared" field is "number of
25468 pages that are shared (i.e. backed by a file)" [2]. smaps appears
25469 to call a page shared if it's mapped by at least two processes,
25470 which explains this discrepancy.
25472 I'm not a kernel hacker, but it appears to me they do mean "i.e."
25473 and not "e.g." in the statm description: In
25474 fs/proc/task_mmu.c::task_statm, I see
25476 *shared = get_mm_counter(mm, MM_FILEPAGES);
25478 Here's a patch which updates the man page to match the (hopefully
25479 correct) kernel docs.
25481 [1] https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=807181
25482 [2] http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git;a=blob;f=Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt;h=a1793d670cd01bd374eddf54ffdfc768504291ff;hb=HEAD
25486 Put /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug in alphabetical order
25488 Document /proc/sys/kernel/dmesg_restrict
25490 Linux 3.4 changed permissions needed to change kptr_restrict
25491 Michael Kerrisk [Samuel Thibault, Simon Paillard]
25492 Add field numbers for /proc/PID/stat
25493 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=553413
25494 Add numbering to /proc/stat "cpu" fields
25495 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=553413
25497 Reorganize text describing /proc/stat "cpu" fields
25499 Rewording of suid_dumpable text after comments from Kees Cook
25500 Michael Kerrisk [Samuel Thibault, Simon Paillard]
25501 Add field numbers for /proc/[pid]/statm
25502 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=553413
25504 Document /proc/stat "cpu" "nice_guest" field
25505 Info taken from commit ce0e7b28fb75cb003cfc8d0238613aaf1c55e797
25506 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Lekeynstein]
25507 Document /prod/[pid]/oom_score_adj
25508 Text taken directly from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt,
25509 with some light editing.
25511 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=50421
25515 Add /etc/bash to list of example shells
25519 Add proper xref for termcap and terminfo pages
25523 Add kcmp(2) under CAP_SYS_PTRACE
25527 Update description of Section 7
25530 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.47 ====================
25532 Released: 2013-02-12, Christchurch
25538 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
25539 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
25540 incorporated in changes in this release:
25542 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
25543 D. Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
25544 Lennart Poettering <lennart@poettering.net>
25545 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
25546 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
25547 Peter Schiffer <pschiffe@redhat.com>
25548 Radek Pazdera <rpazdera@redhat.com>
25549 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
25550 Shawn Landden <shawnlandden@gmail.com>
25551 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
25552 Vince Weaver <vweaver1@eecs.utk.edu>
25554 Apologies if I missed anyone!
25557 New and rewritten pages
25558 -----------------------
25562 New page documenting perf_event_open(2)
25564 pthread_setname_np.3
25565 Chandan Apsangi, Michael Kerrisk
25566 New page for pthread_setname_np(3) and pthread_getname_np(3)
25569 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer]
25570 New page documenting the 'sln' command provided by glibc
25571 Inspired by a Red Hat downstream page, but with rather
25575 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
25576 ---------------------------------------------
25579 Michael Kerrisk [Shawn Landden, Lennart Poettering]
25580 Document PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER and PR_GET_CHILD_SUBREAPER
25584 Add source-specific multicast sockopts
25585 This patch adds documentation of several source-specific multicast
25586 socket options that were added to kernel with implementation
25587 of IGMPv3 in 2.5.68.
25589 The following socket options were added:
25590 IP_ADD_SOURCE_MEMBERSHIP
25591 IP_DROP_SOURCE_MEMBERSHIP
25597 Pages moved across sections
25598 ---------------------------
25602 This page really belongs in Section 3 (moved from Section 2)
25606 Move from Section 2
25609 New and changed links
25610 ---------------------
25614 Make link to page moved into Section 3
25618 Link to renamed getdtablesize.3
25622 Modify link to point to Section 3
25624 pthread_getname_np.3
25626 New link to new pthread_setname_np.3
25630 Link to getcontext page renamed into Section 3
25633 Changes to individual pages
25634 ---------------------------
25638 SEE ALSO: add fallocate(1)
25642 SEE ALSO: add flock(1)
25646 SEE ALSO: add exit(2)
25650 BUGS: note that nice value is per-thread on Linux
25654 SEE ALSO: add prlimit(1)
25658 SEE ALSO: add various system calls that use thread IDs
25662 SEE ALSO: add ionice(1)
25664 sched_setaffinity.2
25666 SEE ALSO: add taskset(1)
25670 Scheduling policy and parameters are per-thread on Linux
25671 Direct the reader to the discussion in sched_setscheduler(2).
25673 sched_setscheduler.2
25675 Scheduling policy and parameters are per-thread on Linux
25677 SEE ALSO: add chrt(1)
25681 SEE ALSO: add setsid(1)
25684 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer]
25686 Taken from Red Hat downstream patch
25691 Change getcontext/setcontext page ref to Section 3
25694 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas]
25695 Clarify System V vs BSD semantics for signal()
25699 The list on this page is not just syscalls common to all platforms
25704 Add kernel version number of utrap_install(2)
25707 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer]
25708 Remove mention of kernel version number in DESCRIPTION
25711 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer]
25712 Fix error in EXAMPLE using inet_aton()
25713 See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=837090
25714 Patch taken from Red Hat downstream.
25718 SEE ALSO: add fallocate(1)
25722 Clarify details of matching
25723 The first is that it's far from clear that the end points of the
25724 complete string match are stored in the zero'th element of the
25725 regmatch_t array; secondly, the phrase "next largest substring
25726 match" is positively misleading, implying some sort of size
25727 ordering, whereas in fact they are ordered according to their
25728 appearance in the regex pattern.
25732 Clarify meaning of "string conversions" for 'm' modifier
25734 Update %a vs %m documentation
25735 POSIX.1-2008 adopted the 'm' flag for dynamic allocation. Update
25736 page to cover it and relegate the glibc-specific 'a' flag to
25740 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer]
25741 Replace some bogus text about "thousands separator"
25742 See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=652870
25745 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer]
25746 Use "_SC_PAGESIZE" consistently on page
25747 s/_SC_PAGE_SIZE/_SC_PAGESIZE/ in one instance.
25748 From Red Hat downstream patch.
25752 Add max-db-size and auto-propagate descriptions, default values, + misc
25753 * added missing valid services (services and netgroup)
25754 * added many default values for options
25755 * reordered options according to the nscd.conf file
25757 * added 2 missing options: max-db-size and auto-propagate
25761 Mention initgroups db
25765 Document /proc/profile
25766 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer]
25767 Update /proc/sys/fs/file-nr to include Linux 2.6 details
25769 Clarify relationship between file-max and file-nr
25770 The third value in /proc/sys/fs/file-nr is the same as
25771 the value in /proc/sys/fs/file-max.
25773 Note message written to kernel log when file-max limit is hit
25774 Info from Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt.
25776 Mention lscpu(1) under discussion of /proc/cpuinfo
25779 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer]
25780 Document "single-request-reopen" option
25781 Taken from Red Hat downstream patch
25783 See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=717770
25784 See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/3161
25788 SEE ALSO: add utmpdump(1)
25792 Add missing 'cpuset.' prefix for some flags
25793 See kernel commit e21a05cb408bb9f244f11a0813d4b355dad0822e
25797 SEE ALSO: add ipcmk(1), ipcrm(1), ipcs(1)
25801 SEE ALSO: add reset(1), setterm(1), stty(1), tty(4)
25804 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer]
25805 LD_VERBOSE does not work with ld.so --list and --verify
25806 From Red Hat downstream patch
25808 See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=532629
25810 SEE ALSO: add sln(8)
25813 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer]
25814 Bring up to date with zdump --help
25815 Patch taken from Red Hat downstream.
25818 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.48 ====================
25820 Released: 2013-03-05, Munich
25826 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
25827 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
25828 incorporated in changes in this release:
25830 Andrey Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
25831 Aristeu Rozanski <aris@ruivo.org>
25832 Colin Walters <walters@verbum.org>
25833 Cyril Hrubis <chrubis@suse.cz>
25834 Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
25835 Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
25836 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
25837 D. Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
25838 Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
25839 Flavio Leitner <fbl@redhat.com>
25840 Graham Gower <graham.gower@gmail.com>
25841 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
25842 Kai Kunschke <kai@kunfoo.org>
25843 Marcela Maslanova <mmaslano@redhat.com>
25844 Marc Lehmann <debian-reportbug@plan9.de>
25845 Marshel Abraham <Marshel.Abraham@in.bosch.com>
25846 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
25847 Nathan Stratton Treadway <kernelbugs@nathanst.com>
25848 Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
25849 Peter Schiffer <pschiffe@redhat.com>
25850 Simon Heimberg <simohe@besonet.ch>
25851 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
25852 Török Edwin <edwintorok@gmail.com>
25853 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
25854 Zack Weinberg <zackw@panix.com>
25856 Apologies if I missed anyone!
25859 New and rewritten pages
25860 -----------------------
25864 New page documenting getunwind(2)
25865 Taken from Red Hat downstream man pages set
25868 Some text taken from arch/ia64/kernel/unwind.c.
25872 New page documenting IA-64-specific perfmonctl(2)
25873 Taken from Red Hat downstream man pages
25875 Rework discussion of PFM_CREATE_CONTEXT
25876 Add VERSIONS and CONFORMING TO
25877 Note that there is no glibc wrapper
25878 Remove PFM_CREATE_EVTSETS, PFM_DELETE_EVTSETS, PFM_GETINFO_EVTSETS
25879 These don't exist, and it appears they never have.
25880 Fix argument types for PFM_WRITE_PMCS, PFM_WRITE_PMDS, PFM_READ_PMDS
25881 The types that were being used don't exist!
25882 Briefly document PFM_GET_FEATURES, PFM_DEBUG, PFM_GET_PMC_RESET_VAL
25886 New page documenting gai.conf
25887 Taken from Red Hat downstream pages
25891 New page describing nss.conf
25894 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
25895 ---------------------------------------------
25899 Document CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE and CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE
25901 Document CLOCK_BOOTTIME
25903 Some improvements to CLOCK_BOOTTIME description
25907 Document PTRACE_GETREGSET, PTRACE_SETREGSET, PTRACE_SEIZE, and friends
25908 Document PTRACE_GETREGSET, PTRACE_SETREGSET,
25909 PTRACE_SEIZE, PTRACE_INTERRUPT, and PTRACE_LISTEN.
25912 New and changed links
25913 ---------------------
25920 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer]
25921 New link to unimplemented.2
25922 Taken from Red Hat downstream.
25924 See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=436407
25932 Global fix: remove unneeded double quotes in .SH headings
25936 Global fix: remove unneeded double quotes in .SS headings
25940 Global fix: use consistent capitalization in .SS headings
25941 Capitalization in .SS sections across pages (and sometimes even
25942 within a single page) is wildly inconsistent. Make it consistent.
25943 Capitalize first word in heading, but otherwise use lower case,
25944 except where English usage (e.g., proper nouns) or programming
25945 language requirements (e.g., identifier names) dictate otherwise.
25948 Michael Kerrisk [Denys Vlasenko]
25949 Remove double blank lines in output
25953 Fix order of SH sections
25956 Changes to individual pages
25957 ---------------------------
25961 NAME: Add "accept4"
25965 Note that access() may also fail for FUSE
25966 Since in some cases (e.g. libguestfs's guestmount) it also has the
25967 semantics where files can appear owned by root, but are actually
25968 mutable by the user, despite what one might infer from the Unix
25972 Michael Kerrisk [Kai Kunschke]
25973 Clarify semantics of getpeername() for datagram sockets
25974 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=674034
25978 Remove duplicate section heading
25982 Add note about partial page in BUGS section
25983 This adds a note about Linux behavior with partial page at the end
25984 of the object. The problem here is that a page that contains only
25985 part of a file (because the file size is not multiple of PAGE_SIZE)
25986 stays in page cache even after the mapping is unmapped and the file
25987 is closed. So if some process dirties such page, other mappings
25988 will see the changes rather than zeroes.
25989 Michael Kerrisk [Török Edwin]
25990 Some 'flags' values require a feature test macro to be defined
25991 Add text to NOTES noting that some MAP_* constants are
25992 defined only if a suitable feature test macro is defined.
25993 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=542601
25995 Document EOVERFLOW error
25999 Clarify list of file creation flags
26000 POSIX.1-2008 TC1 clarified this, so that O_CLOEXEC,
26001 O_DIRECTORY, and O_NOFOLLOW are also in this list.
26005 Add some details for PR_GET_TID_ADDRESS
26008 Michael Kerrisk [Zack Weinberg]
26009 Clarify interaction of count==0 and error checking
26010 POSIX deliberately leaves this case open, so the man
26011 page should be less specific about what happens.
26013 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=533232
26014 Michael Kerrisk [Marc Lehmann]
26015 Remove crufty text about O_NONBLOCK on files
26016 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=700529
26018 Clarify details for seekable files
26021 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer]
26022 Add various STREAMS interfaces to NAME
26023 Taken from Red Hat downstream.
26025 See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=436407
26029 Still does not exist in glibc 2.17
26033 Note that a call to execve() clears exit handler registrations
26037 SEE ALSO: Add gai.conf(5)
26041 Remove duplicate section title
26044 Marshel Abraham [Graham Gower, Graham Gower]
26045 Fix error handling in example code
26046 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=23282
26049 Michael Kerrisk [Aristeu Rozanski]
26050 Add _GNU_SOURCE feature test macro to SYNOPSIS
26054 Michael Kerrisk [Nathan Stratton Treadway, Simon Heimberg]
26055 RES_DEBUG is only available if glibc is compiled with debug support
26056 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=692136
26057 and https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43061
26060 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer]
26061 Remove crufty text from previous fix
26065 Document CONFIG_COREDUMP
26069 Nonexistent bits are no longer shown as set in /proc/PID/status Cap*
26073 A monitoring process can't easily distinguish events triggered by itself
26076 Flavio Leitner [Peter Schiffer]
26077 Improve explanation about calling listen() or connect()
26081 Describe rules for capitalization in .SS headings
26085 Add info about ability to create links with given index
26086 Since kernel v3.7 the RTM_NEWLINK message now accepts nonzero
26087 values in ifi_index field. Mention this fact in the respective
26088 rtnetlink.7 section.
26092 SO_BINDTODEVICE is now readable
26093 SO_BINDTODEVICE is readable since kernel 3.8.
26096 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.49 ====================
26098 Released: 2013-03-10, Munich
26104 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
26105 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
26106 incorporated in changes in this release:
26108 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
26114 The goal of the changes below to consistently format copyright
26115 and license information in the comments in the page source
26116 at the top of each page. This allows for easy scripting to
26117 extract that information. Following these changes the comments
26118 the top of the page source should now consistently have the form:
26120 .\" <copyright info, possibly spread over several lines>
26122 .\" %%%LICENSE_START(<license-type>)
26125 .\" <other comments>
26127 Note that the 'license-type' is merely descriptive. Its purpose is
26128 to simplify scripting for the purpose of gathering statistics on
26129 types of licenses used in man-pages. It is NOT a statement about
26130 the actual licensing of the page; that license is contain INSIDE the
26131 LICENSE_START...LICENSE_END clause.
26135 Add a LICENSE_START()...LICENSE_END clause in source at
26136 top of each page that encapsulates the license text.
26138 Put copyright info at top of page, followed by blank line and LICENSE
26142 Update info in source comments on where to get a copy of the GPL
26146 Remove "Hey Emacs" comment in page source
26147 Only certain pages have this; there is no consistency, so
26148 remove it from all pages
26150 Remove "-*- nroff -*-" comment at top of source
26153 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.50 ====================
26155 Released: 2013-03-15, Munich
26161 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
26162 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
26163 incorporated in changes in this release:
26165 Andrey Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
26166 Bernhard Kuemel <bernhard@bksys.at>
26167 Elie De Brauwer <eliedebrauwer@gmail.com>
26168 Erik Saule <erik.saule@bmi.osu.edu>
26169 Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
26170 Friedrich Delgado Friedrichs <friedel@nomaden.org>
26171 Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
26172 Jose Luis Domingo Lopez <debian@24x7linux.com>
26173 Mark R Bannister <mark@proseconsulting.co.uk>
26174 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
26175 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
26176 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
26178 Apologies if I missed anyone!
26181 New and rewritten pages
26182 -----------------------
26184 canonicalize_file_name.3
26186 Rewrite page, adding much more detail
26194 Global fix: s/END_LICENSE/LICENSE_END/
26198 Global fix: s/bitmask/bit mask/
26201 Changes to individual pages
26202 ---------------------------
26206 netgroup description incorrectly refers to initgroups
26210 Update URL for libcap
26214 Port access permission bits (ioperm()) are turned off in the child
26218 'timeout' is a minimum duration that the call will wait, not a maximum
26222 Note that iopl() level of 3 is needed to access ports
26224 'num' is *bits* not bytes!
26226 Linux 2.6.8 lifted the port limit to 65,536
26227 See http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/202624/
26228 From: Stas Sergeev <stsp <at> aknet.ru>
26229 Subject: [patch][rfc] Larger IO bitmap
26230 Date: 2004-05-07 19:55:03 GMT
26232 ioperm() operates on the calling *thread* (not process)
26234 Clarify meaning of 'turn_on' argument
26235 Plus form formatting fixes.
26237 Clarify that default state of permission bits in child is off
26239 NOTES: add mention of /proc/ioports
26241 SEE ALSO: add outb(2)
26245 CAP_SYS_RAWIO is required to *raise* the I/O privilege level
26247 Clarify that the two least significant bits of 'level' are what matter
26249 SEE ALSO: add outb(2)
26253 Add version information for all (other) syscalls
26258 Michael Kerrisk [Jonathan Nieder]
26259 ERRORS: Add ENOSYS for lutimes()
26260 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=620746
26263 Michael Kerrisk [Erik Saule]
26264 Suggest use of the ECHO flag as an alternative
26265 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=644261
26269 Document GNU extensions for EACCES and ENOENT errors
26272 Michael Kerrisk [Friedrich Delgado Friedrichs]
26274 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=575077
26277 Michael Kerrisk [Bernhard Kuemel]
26278 Mention that noncanonical mode does not do input processing
26279 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=643854
26283 Document write and document the ioctl interface of /dev/random
26284 The update consists out of two parts:
26285 - a minor thing which just documents what happens if a write to
26286 /dev/(u)random is performed, which is used in the example
26287 script but not explicitly mentioned.
26288 - the other (biggest) part is the documentation of the ioctl()
26289 interface which /dev/(u)random exposes. This ioctl() lives in
26290 drivers/char/random.c and the primitives can be found in
26291 include/linux/random.h
26293 One comment remains, there used to be an RNDGETPOOL ioctl() which
26294 disappeared in v2.6.9. I found two patches on the net:
26295 - http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/akpm/patches/2.6/2.6.8.1/2.6.8.1-mm4/broken-out/dev-random-remove-rndgetpool-ioctl.patch
26296 - https://lkml.org/lkml/2004/3/25/168
26298 But as far as I can tell the first one got applied but the 2nd
26299 one seems more correct. The result is that even today one can
26300 still find traces of the RNDGETPOOL ioctl() in the header files.
26301 Is this there for historical reasons or because it might break
26302 userspace, even though using it will just give an EINVAL.
26305 Jose Luis Domingo Lopez
26306 Document 'rootfstype' option
26307 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=182014
26311 Add various pieces under CAP_SYS_RAWIO
26312 Info obtained by grepping the kernel source.
26314 Add CAP_SYS_RESOURCE /proc/PID/oom_score_adj case
26318 Add a note about broadcast messages to multiple groups
26321 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer]
26322 Define _GNU_SOURCE to obtain the definition of 'struct ucred'
26323 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=572210
26326 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.51 ====================
26328 Released: 2013-04-17, Munich
26334 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
26335 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
26336 incorporated in changes in this release:
26338 Andreas Jaeger <aj@suse.de>
26339 Andrew Clayton <andrew@digital-domain.net>
26340 Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
26341 Changhee Han <ch0.han@lge.com>
26342 Cyril Hrubis <chrubis@suse.cz>
26343 Damien Grassart <damien@grassart.com>
26344 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
26345 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
26346 Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
26347 Krzysztof Konopko <krzysztof.konopko@gmail.com>
26348 Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
26349 Mark H Weaver <mhw@netris.org>
26350 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
26351 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
26352 Nicolas Hillegeer <nicolas@hillegeer.com>
26353 Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
26354 Peter Schiffer <pschiffe@redhat.com>
26355 Radek Pazdera <rpazdera@redhat.com>
26356 Ralph Loader <suckfish@ihug.co.nz>
26357 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
26358 The Wanderer <wanderer@fastmail.fm>
26360 Apologies if I missed anyone!
26363 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
26364 ---------------------------------------------
26366 sched_rr_get_interval.2
26368 Document /proc/sys/kernel/sched_rr_timeslice_ms
26372 Document /proc/[pid]/map_files directory
26373 This directory was added in Linux v3.3 and provides info about
26374 files being mmap-ed in a way very similar to how /proc/[pid]/fd
26377 v2: Added examples of how links look like and noted dependency
26378 on kernel config option CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE.
26380 Document /proc/sys/kernel/shm_rmid_forced
26384 Document /proc/sys/kernel/cap_last_cap
26392 Global fix: fix placement of word "only"
26396 License headers: consistent format
26400 Global fix: s/since kernel/since Linux/
26402 Various System V IPC pages in Section 2
26404 Add "System V" to .TH line and text
26405 Make it clear that these pages relate to System V IPC,
26409 Changes to individual pages
26410 ---------------------------
26413 Michael Kerrisk [The Wanderer]
26414 Clarify RETURN VALUE for F_OK
26415 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=705293
26419 Correct the description of behavior when 'seconds' is 0
26422 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Schiffer]
26423 Add prototype for syscall to SYNOPSIS
26424 And further clarify the distinction between the system call
26425 and the wrapper function in the introductory text.
26427 Update feature test macro requirements
26428 The requirements quietly changed in glibc 2.14
26430 See also http://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=4749
26431 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
26432 Clarify differences between clone2() syscall and wrapper function
26433 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
26434 Note those architectures where the sys_clone argument order differs
26435 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
26436 Add short subsection noting that blackfin, m68k, and sparc are different
26438 Move clone2() text to subsection in description
26439 The description of ia64 clone2() should follow the discussion
26440 of the raw system call interface.
26442 Change subhead for ia64 discussion
26446 Recommend that 'tcache' should be specified as NULL nowadays
26449 Jeff Moyer, Michael Kerrisk [Cyril Hrubis]
26450 Improve description
26454 Improve description
26455 The description was rather vague, citing a "list of I/O contexts"
26456 and stating that it "can" cancel outstanding requests. This
26457 update makes things more concrete so that the reader knows exactly
26462 The 'timeout' argument is not updated
26463 I looked back through the kernel code, and the timeout was
26464 never updated in any case. I've submitted a patch upstream
26465 to change the comment above io_getevents.
26470 nr_events is technically the number of completion events that can
26471 be stored in the completion ring. The wording of the man page:
26472 "capable of receiving at least nr_events" seems dubious to me,
26473 only because I worry that folks might interpret that to mean
26474 'nr_events' total, instead of 'nr_events' concurrently.
26476 Further, I've added information on where to find the per-user
26477 limit on 'nr_events', /proc/sys/fs/aio-max-nr. Let me know if
26478 you think that is not relevant.
26482 Explain use of 'size' argument
26485 Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Jaeger]
26486 _GNU_SOURCE must be defined to get SEEK_DATA and SEEK_HOLE definitions
26487 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=15312
26491 Add pointers to relevant /proc files described in proc(5)
26499 Refer to syscall(2) for ABI semantics on certain 32-bit architectures
26500 Also: in sync_file_range.2 and posix_fadvise.2 remove description
26501 of conventional calling signature as flawed, and in
26502 posix_fadvise.2, de-emphasize focus on ARM, and rather phrase
26503 as a more general discussion of certain architectures.
26507 readdir(2) doesn't exist on x86-64
26511 Clarify the discussion of 'semadj'
26515 Refer to proc(5) for description of /proc/sys/kernel/shm_rmid_forced
26519 Add notes that caution users when passing arguments to syscall()
26520 For example, passing 'long long' on ARM-32 requires special
26522 Mike Frysinger [Michael Kerrisk]
26523 Document the exact calling convention for architecture system calls
26524 Mike Frysinger [Kyle McMartin]
26525 Add PA-RISC details under calling conventions
26526 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
26527 Refine discussion of ARM and other ABIs
26531 Update kernel version number at start of list
26535 SEE ALSO: add acl(5)
26539 Update feature test macro requirements
26540 The requirements quietly changed in glibc 2.14
26542 See also http://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=4749
26545 Michael Kerrisk [Ralph Loader]
26546 Correct definition of cookie_io_functions_t
26548 pthread_setname_np.3
26550 The thread argument is passed in by value
26556 Eliminate the implication that these functions deal with "offsets"
26557 The directory position dealt with by the readdir() and
26558 friends is not a simple file offset in modern file systems.
26559 Typically, it is some kind of cookie value. Add text and
26560 make other changes to these pages to eliminate the
26561 implication that this is an offset, and warn the reader
26562 that directory positions should be treated strictly as
26565 In the process, rename the 'offset' argument of seekdir(3)
26566 to 'loc', and add some text to readdir(3) to note that
26567 the 'd_off' field is the same value returned by telldir(3)
26568 at the current directory position.
26570 See also https://lwn.net/Articles/544298/
26574 Fix prototypes for scalbf() and scalbl()
26578 Update feature test macro requirements
26579 The requirements quietly changed in glibc 2.14
26581 See also http://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=4749
26584 Michael Kerrisk [Nicolas Hillegeer]
26585 Add note on the behavior when 'usecs' is zero
26586 POSIX.1-2001 does not specify the behavior in this case
26587 and no other system that I checked documented the behavior.
26588 Probably, most or all systems do what Linux does in this
26589 case: cancel any pending alarm, just as alarm(0) does.
26590 Add that info in NOTES.
26594 Add byte positions for all EI_xxx fields
26595 When describing e_ident, most of the EI_xxx defines mention the
26596 exact byte number. This is useful when manually hacking an ELF
26597 with a hex editor. However, the last few fields don't do this,
26598 which means you have to count things up yourself.
26599 Add a single word to each so you don't have to do that.
26603 Refer to sched_rr_get_interval(2) for info on sched_rr_timeslice_ms
26604 Since Linux 3.9, /proc/sys/kernel/sched_rr_timeslice_ms can
26605 be used to change the SCHED_RR quantum.
26607 SEE ALSO: Add sysctl(8)
26609 Simplify the example of printing out environ
26610 The binutils package contains a very handy utility to
26611 print out null-byte delimited strings from a file. This
26612 can replace a rather complex expression with cat(1)
26613 provided as an example for printing out /proc/[pid]/environ.
26615 Update /proc/PID/maps example
26616 Update to 64-bit example that includes "[heap]", "[stack],
26619 Formatting fixes for /proc/PID/maps
26621 Document the "pathname" field of /proc/PID/maps
26623 Add reference to capabilities(7) for /proc/sys/kernel/cap_last_cap
26625 /proc/PID/maps: add a reference to mmap(2)
26629 Document IP_MULTICAST_ALL
26630 This commit adds documentation for the IP_MULTICAST_ALL socket
26633 The option was added to the Linux kernel in 2.6.31:
26635 Author Nivedita Singhvi <niv@us.ibm.com>
26636 Commit f771bef98004d9d141b085d987a77d06669d4f4f
26638 The description is based on a previous one [3] posted by the
26639 original author of the code -- Nivedita, but it is slightly
26642 I tested it myself and it works as described.
26645 [1] http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/net/ipv4/ip_sockglue.c#L972
26646 [2] http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/net/ipv4/igmp.c#L2267
26647 [3] http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/28902/
26651 units should use an actual µ
26652 The units(7) man page uses an ASCII u in place of the actual Greek
26653 letter mu. Since we're in the twenty-first century, with
26654 UTF-8-compatible terminals and terminal emulators, we should use
26655 the actual letter µ instead of an ASCII approximation.
26657 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=704787
26660 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.52 ====================
26662 Released: 2013-07-04, Christchurch
26668 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
26669 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
26670 incorporated in changes in this release:
26672 Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
26673 Andrea Remondini <andrea@undeadlinks.com>
26674 Anthony Foiani <anthony.foiani@gmail.com>
26675 Brian Norris <computersforpeace@gmail.com>
26676 Cyril Hrubis <chrubis@suse.cz>
26677 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
26678 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
26679 Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
26680 Georg Sauthoff <mail@georg.so>
26681 Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
26682 Jérémie Galarneau <jeremie.galarneau@efficios.com>
26683 Jon Grant <jg@jguk.org>
26684 Manuel Traut <manut@linutronix.de>
26685 Марк Коренберг <socketpair@gmail.com>
26686 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
26687 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
26688 Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
26689 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
26690 Peter LaDow <petela@gocougs.wsu.edu>
26691 Petr Gajdos <pgajdos@suse.cz>
26692 Regid <regid23@nt1.in>
26693 Siddhesh Poyarekar <siddhesh@redhat.com>
26694 Simone Piccardi <piccardi@truelite.it>
26695 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
26696 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
26697 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
26699 Apologies if I missed anyone!
26702 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
26703 ---------------------------------------------
26707 Add PERF_IOC_FLAG_GROUP documentation
26708 The perf_event_open() ENABLE/DISABLE/RESET ioctls can take an
26709 argument, PERF_IOC_FLAG_GROUP. This wasn't documented at all
26710 until about a year ago (despite the support being there from
26711 the beginning) so I missed this when initially writing
26715 Pavel Emelyanov, Michael Kerrisk
26716 Document SO_PEEK_OFF option
26717 Since Linux 3.4 there appeared an ability to specify the
26718 offset in bytes from which the data will be MSG_PEEK-ed.
26719 Describe this socket option in the socket(7) page, where
26720 all the other socket options are described.
26728 Convert inline formatting (\fX...\fP) to dot-directive formatting
26734 pthread_setname_np.3
26737 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
26738 Clarify that terminating null byte is '\0'
26741 Changes to individual pages
26742 ---------------------------
26746 Add envp to the Linux notes about NULL pointers
26747 During the review of static analysis results, we discovered a
26748 functional, but non-portable, use of execve(). For example:
26750 char *cmd[] = { "/path/to/some/file", NULL };
26751 execve(cmd[0], cmd, NULL);
26753 The call succeeds. Yet, the static analysis tool (rightly)
26754 pointed out that envp could be dereferenced. But digging into
26755 glibc and the kernel, it appears that like argv, envp when NULL
26756 is treated as if it were an empty list.
26758 So, to clear things up, I'm submitting this patch to update the
26759 man page to indicate that envp is treated like argv.
26763 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
26766 Cyril Hrubis [Jeff Moyer]
26767 Clarify the nr_events parameter
26768 Currently the io_setup.2 man page describes what the kernel really
26769 does, i.e., that the resulting context may be able to hold more
26770 than the 'nr_event's operations because the memory allocated in
26771 kernel is rounded to be multiple of page size.
26773 It is better not to expose this implementation detail and
26774 simply state that the resulting context is suitable for
26775 'nr_events' operations.
26779 Clarify the perf_event_open() wakeup_events/wakeup_watermark fields
26780 Clarify the perf_event_open() wakeup_events/wakeup_watermark
26781 fields a bit, based on info from kernel commit cfeb1d90a1b1.
26783 Update to match the Linux 3.10 release
26784 This patch updates the perf_event_open() documentation to include
26785 new interfaces added in the 3.10 kernel.
26787 It also documents a few [To be documented] instances left over
26788 from the 3.7 kernel.
26790 Small correction to description of 'flags' argument
26794 Note equivalents of PR_SET_NAME
26795 pthread_setname_np() and pthread_getname_np() and
26796 /proc/self/task/TID/comm provide access to the same
26800 Michael Kerrisk [Марк Коренберг]
26801 pread() and pwrite() are especially useful in multithreaded applications
26805 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
26808 Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi]
26809 'sem_nsems' is 'unsigned long' since Linux 2.4
26813 Rewrite RETURN VALUE and mention that 'errno' is set on error
26816 Michael Kerrisk [Brian Norris]
26817 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
26821 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
26825 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
26829 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
26833 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
26837 Document s390/s390x calling convention
26841 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
26842 The function l64a() is not thread safe.
26846 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
26847 The functions abs(), labs(), llabs() and imaxabs() are
26852 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
26853 The function aio_error() is thread safe.
26857 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
26858 The function aio_return() is thread safe.
26862 Correct information on getting non-inlined version with gcc+glibc
26863 - remove the incorrect information that -fno-builtin would help
26864 - add -std=c11 to the list of strict options
26865 - emphasize more that both the gcc option and not including
26866 alloca.h are needed
26867 - add the #ifdef from the glibc alloca.h to make the situation
26872 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
26873 Before glibc 2.17, bindresvport() is not thread-safe.
26874 Since glibc 2.17, it is thread-safe, the patch can refer to URL:
26875 http://sourceware.org/git/?p=glibc.git;a=commit;h=f6da27e53695ad1cc0e2a9490358decbbfdff5e5
26877 canonicalize_file_name.3
26879 Put CONFORMING TO section in right location
26882 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
26883 Clarify that null byte is '\0'
26887 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
26888 The functions ceil(), ceilf() and ceill() are thread safe.
26892 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
26893 The functions cimag(), cimagf() and cimagl() are thread safe.
26895 clock_getcpuclockid.3
26897 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
26898 The function clock_getcpuclockid() is thread safe.
26902 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
26903 The functions conj(), conjf() and conjl() are thread safe.
26907 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
26908 The function crypt() is not thread safe.
26912 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
26913 The function ctermid() is thread safe with exceptions.
26917 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
26921 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
26922 The functions drand48(), erand48(), lrand48(), nrand48(),
26923 mrand48(), jrand48(), srand48(), seed48() and lcong48() are
26928 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
26929 The functions ecvt() and fcvt() return a string located in a
26930 static buffer which is overwritten by the next call to the
26931 functions, so they are not thread-safe.
26935 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
26936 The functions encrypt() and setkey() are not thread safe.
26940 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
26941 The functions ether_aton() and ether_ntoa() are not thread safe.
26945 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
26946 The function fcloseall() is not thread safe.
26950 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
26951 The functions ferror(), clearerr(), feof() and fileno() are
26956 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
26960 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
26964 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
26968 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
26969 Before glibc 2.16, fmtmsg() is not thread-safe.
26970 Since glibc 2.16, it is thread-safe, the patch can refer to URL:
26971 http://sourceware.org/git/?p=glibc.git;a=commit;h=7724defcf8873116fe4efab256596861eef21a94
26975 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
26979 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are and aren't thread-safe
26983 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
26984 The function getgrent() is not thread safe.
26988 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are and aren't thread-safe
26992 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
26996 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
26997 The function getlogin() is not thread safe.
26998 The function cuserid() is thread-safe with exceptions.
27000 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27004 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
27008 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
27009 The function getpwent() is not thread safe.
27013 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are and aren't thread-safe
27017 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27021 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
27025 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
27026 The functions getusershell(), setusershell() and endusershell()
27027 are not thread safe.
27031 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27035 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27039 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
27040 The functions hsearch(), hcreate() and hdestroy() are not
27045 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
27046 The function localeconv() returns a pointer to a structure which
27047 might be overwritten by subsequent calls to localeconv() or by
27048 calls to setlocale(), so it is not thread-safe.
27050 Add RETURN VALUE section
27054 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27058 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
27059 The function mblen() is not thread safe.
27063 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
27064 The function mbrlen() is thread safe with exceptions.
27068 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
27069 The function mbrtowc() is thread safe with exceptions.
27073 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27077 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27078 The functions modf(), modff() and modfl() are thread safe.
27082 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27084 pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3
27086 Note the scheduling attributes affected by this function
27088 pthread_attr_setschedparam.3
27089 pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3
27090 pthread_attr_setscope.3
27091 Michael Kerrisk [Manuel Traut, Siddhesh Poyarekar]
27092 The inherit-scheduler attribute must be set to PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED
27093 In order for the attributes set by these functions to have
27094 an effect, the caller must use pthread_attr_setinheritsched(3)
27095 to set the inherit-scheduler attribute of the attributes object
27096 to PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED.
27100 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
27101 The function ptsname() is not thread safe.
27105 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27109 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27113 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
27114 The functions qecvt() and qfcvt() are not thread-safe.
27118 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27120 Add EINVAL error for setstate()
27122 BUGS: initstate() does not return NULL on error
27123 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=15380
27127 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27131 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
27132 The data returned by readdir() may be overwritten by subsequent
27133 calls to readdir() for the same directory stream, so it is not
27138 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
27139 The functions re_comp() and re_exec() are not thread safe.
27143 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
27144 The functions rexec() and rexec_af() are not thread safe.
27148 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27149 The functions round(), roundf() and roundl() are thread safe.
27153 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27154 The functions scalbn(), scalbnf(), scalbnl(), scalbln(),
27155 scalblnf() and scalblnl() are thread safe.
27159 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27163 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27167 ATTRIBUTES: Note macro that is thread-safe
27168 The macro signbit() is thread safe.
27172 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27176 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
27177 The functions __fbufsize(), __fpending(), __fpurge() and
27178 __fsetlocking() are not thread safe.
27182 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27186 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
27187 The function strerror() is not thread safe.
27191 Clarify details of return value
27193 BUGS: 'errno' is not set if the result string would exceed 'max' bytes
27197 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
27198 The function strtok() is not thread safe.
27199 Michael Kerrisk [Georg Sauthoff]
27200 Add more detail on the operation of strtok()
27201 Add a number of missing details on the operation of strtok()
27205 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27209 copy the string returned by getenv()
27210 The example of a portable version of timegm() uses the string
27211 returned by getenv() after calling setenv() on the same
27212 environment variable. The tz string may be invalid as per
27215 "The string pointed to by the return value of getenv()
27216 may be statically allocated, and can be modified by a
27217 subsequent call to getenv(), putenv(3), setenv(3), or
27222 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
27223 The function tmpnam() is thread safe with exceptions.
27227 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27228 The functions trunc(), truncf() and truncl() are thread safe.
27232 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are and aren't thread-safe
27236 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
27240 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27244 RETURN VALUE: mention that 'errno' is set on error
27248 Implicitly adding the PID to a core filename was dropped in 2.6.27
27252 Document /proc/[pid]/fd/ anon_inode symlinks
27254 Document /proc/[pid]/fd/ symlinks a bit more
27255 Describe the type:[inode] syntax used in this dir
27258 Michael Kerrisk [Dan Jacobson]
27259 Remove outdated text on LILO and LoadLin
27260 Strike the discussion of LILO and LoadLin, which
27261 are long obsolete, and make a brief mention of GRUB.
27262 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=604019
27264 Remove mention of the deprecated rdev(8)
27265 The deprecated rdev(8) command was removed from util-linux in 2010.
27266 See https://git.kernel.org/?p=utils/util-linux/util-linux.git;a=commit;h=a3e40c14651fccf18e7954f081e601389baefe3fO
27268 Document the 'resume' boot parameter
27271 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
27272 Clarify that null byte is '\0'
27276 Remove incorrect reference to nonexistent groff glyph \[shc]
27277 The reference incorrectly attempted to duplicate an
27278 actual soft hyphen (hex 0xad) just before it in the file.
27282 Add description of "ATTRIBUTES"
27283 "ATTRIBUTES" section can mention thread safety,
27284 cancellation safety, and async-cancel-safety.
27288 Note that 'optval' for socket options is an 'int' in most cases
27292 Note that 'optval' for socket options is an 'int' in most cases
27296 Note that 'optval' for socket options is an 'int' in most cases
27299 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.53 ====================
27301 Released: 2013-07-31, Munich
27307 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
27308 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
27309 incorporated in changes in this release:
27311 Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
27312 Andrey Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
27313 Benjamin Poirier <bpoirier@suse.de>
27314 Chris Heath <chris@heathens.co.nz>
27315 Chuck Coffing <clc@alum.mit.edu>
27316 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
27317 Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
27318 Dmitry V. Levin <ldv@altlinux.org>
27319 Felix Schulte <Felix_Schulte@McAfee.com>
27320 Graud <graud@gmx.com>
27321 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
27322 Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
27323 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
27324 Peter Schiffer <pschiffe@redhat.com>
27325 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
27326 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
27328 Apologies if I missed anyone!
27331 New and rewritten pages
27332 -----------------------
27336 New page for restart_syscall(2) system call
27339 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
27340 ---------------------------------------------
27344 Document AT_EMPTY_PATH
27348 Document AT_EMPTY_PATH
27352 Document AT_EMPTY_PATH
27355 Michael Kerrisk [Al Viro]
27357 See also https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=885740
27360 Changes to individual pages
27361 ---------------------------
27371 SEE ALSO: add restart_syscall(2)
27374 Michael Kerrisk [Geoffrey Thomas]
27375 Remove warning that O_DIRECTORY is only for use with opendir(3)
27376 O_DIRECTORY can also be used with, for example, O_PATH.
27380 Improve PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK documentation
27382 Fix indentation of the MMAP layout section
27383 The indentation of the MMAP layout section wasn't quite right.
27384 I think this improves things but I admit I'm not an expert at the
27385 low-level indentation directives.
27387 Update PERF_IOC_FLAG_GROUP info
27388 It turns out PERF_IOC_FLAG_GROUP was broken from 75f937f24bd9
27389 (in Linux 2.6.31, the initial perf_event release) until
27390 724b6daa1 (Linux 3.4).
27392 I've done some extensive kernel source code digging plus
27393 running tests of various kernels and I hope the info
27394 presented is accurate now.
27396 (Patch edited somewhat by mtk.)
27398 Improve sysfs files documentation
27399 This improves the documentation of the various
27400 perf_event_open()-related sysfs files.
27403 Denys Vlasenko [Oleg Nesterov, Dmitry V. Levin]
27404 If SEIZE was used, initial auto-attach stop is EVENT_STOP
27405 For every PTRACE_O_TRACEfoo option, mention that old-style SIGSTOP
27406 is replaced by PTRACE_EVENT_STOP if PTRACE_SEIZE attach was used.
27408 Mention the same thing again in the description of
27410 Denys Vlasenko [Oleg Nesterov, Dmitry V. Levin]
27411 Mention that PTRACE_PEEK* libc API and kernel API are different
27412 Denys Vlasenko [Oleg Nesterov, Dmitry V. Levin]
27413 Clarify PTRACE_INTERRUPT, PTRACE_LISTEN, and group-stop behavior
27417 Document use of empty 'pathname' argument
27419 Change error check in example program from "< 0" to "== -1"
27421 Fix possible race condition in readlink.2 example
27422 I noticed that the example in the readlink.2 man pages does error
27423 checking for a race condition that would cause the value of the
27424 symbolic link to get larger. However, it doesn't handle the
27425 opposite case, in which the value gets shorter. (The NULL
27426 terminator is always set at the old, longer offset.) This could
27427 cause the program to operate on uninitialized data.
27430 Michael Kerrisk [Graud]
27431 s/SIGTSTP/SIGTTIN/ when discussing reads from terminal
27432 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=60504
27436 Note that these functions are still not present in glibc 2.17
27440 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
27441 The function dirfd() is thread safe.
27445 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27446 The functions div(), ldiv(), lldiv() and imaxdiv() are thread
27451 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27452 The functions fabs(), fabsf() and fabsl() are thread safe.
27456 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27457 The functions fdim(), fdimf() and fdiml() are thread safe.
27461 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
27462 The function fflush() is thread safe.
27466 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27467 The functions finite(), finitef(), finitel(), isinf(), isinff(),
27468 isinfl(), isnan(), isnanf() and isnanl() are thread safe.
27472 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27473 The functions flockfile(), ftrylockfile() and funlockfile() are
27478 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27479 The functions floor(), floorf() and floorl() are thread safe.
27483 Explain how to set empty domain
27484 See http://bugs.debian.org/463575
27488 Add open_by_handle_at(2) under CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH
27491 Michael Kerrisk [Felix Schulte]
27492 Clarify description of IN_MOVED_FROM and IN_MOVED_TO
27496 DESCRIPTION should note versions for new interface features or behavior
27500 Add missing #include directive
27501 Using the UDP_CORK socket option documented in udp.7 requires
27502 including <netinet/udp.h>.
27506 Rework rpath token expansion text
27508 Describe $PLATFORM rpath token
27510 Describe $LIB rpath token
27512 Document LD_BIND_NOT
27513 Michael Kerrisk [Simon Paillard]
27514 Add reference to pthreads(7) in discussion of LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
27517 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.54 ====================
27519 Released: 2013-09-17, Munich
27525 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
27526 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
27527 incorporated in changes in this release:
27529 A. Costa <agcosta@gis.net>
27530 Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@gmail.com>
27531 Andreas Wiese <aw-lkml@instandbesetzt.net>
27532 Andrew Hunter <andrewhhunter@gmail.com>
27533 Chen Gang <gang.chen@asianux.com>
27534 Christopher Hall <chall0@gmail.com>
27535 Christos Tsopokis <christos@tsopokis.gr>
27536 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
27537 D. Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
27538 Doug Goldstein <cardoe@cardoe.com>
27539 Elie De Brauwer <eliedebrauwer@gmail.com>
27540 Eugen Dedu <Eugen.Dedu@pu-pm.univ-fcomte.fr>
27541 Felix Janda <felix.janda@posteo.de>
27542 G.raud <graud@gmx.com>
27543 Hannes Landeholm <hannes@jumpstarter.io>
27544 J. Bruce Fields <bfields@fieldses.org>
27545 J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
27546 Johan Erlandsson <jeoerl@gmail.com>
27547 Jon Grant <jg@jguk.org>
27548 Magnus Reftel <magnus.reftel@gmail.com>
27549 Marko Myllynen <myllynen@redhat.com>
27550 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
27551 Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
27552 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
27553 Peter Schiffer <pschiffe@redhat.com>
27554 Robert Harris <robert.harris@fixnetix.com>
27555 Rodrigo Campos <rodrigo@sdfg.com.ar>
27556 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
27557 Stas <stas.grumbler@gmail.com>
27558 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
27559 Will Newton <will.newton@linaro.org>
27560 Zdenek Pavlas <zpavlas@redhat.com>
27561 Zsbán Ambrus <ambrus@math.bme.hu>
27563 Apologies if I missed anyone!
27567 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
27568 ---------------------------------------------
27572 Document FAT_IOCTL_GET_ATTRIBUTES
27573 The attached patch adds four ioctls from linux/msdos_fs.h to the
27574 ioctl_list(2) manpage.
27576 The ioctl FAT_IOCTL_GET_ATTRIBUTES reads FAT attributes of a
27577 file a mounted vfat file system. I tested this on Linux
27578 2.6.33, an example script can be found at
27579 http://www.perlmonks.com/?node_id=832623
27587 Global fix: s/file system/filesystem/
27588 Notwithstanding 24d01c530c5a3f75217543d02bf6712395e5f90c,
27589 "filesystem" is the form used by the great majority of man pages
27590 outside the man-pages project and in a number of other sources,
27591 so let's go with that.
27594 Changes to individual pages
27595 ---------------------------
27599 Fix outdated NFS information
27600 Note that NFS versions since version 3 support an "access" call
27601 so that the client doesn't have to guess permissions or ID
27602 mapping on its own.
27604 (See RFC 1813 sections 1.7 and 3.3.4.)
27608 SEE ALSO: Add adjtimex(8)
27611 Michael Kerrisk [Rodrigo Campos]
27612 Note circumstances in which "SMP" note applies.
27614 Add kernel version for CLOCK_*_CPUTIME_ID
27615 CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID
27616 appeared in 2.6.12.
27618 Add VERSIONS section
27622 The 'timeout' can be rounded upwards by clock granularity and also overrun
27626 Small improvements to text on historical rules for permissions
27630 Note commands that were only in Linux 2.4.x and earlier
27634 Add mmap(2) to list of calls that fail when given an O_PATH descriptor
27636 Add EINVAL to errors list
27637 EINVAL can be returned by open(2) when the underlying filesystem
27638 doesn't support O_DIRECT. It is documented in the NOTES section
27639 but this patch adds it to the list of possible errors.
27643 PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK updates
27644 This started out as just adding the new perf_event_open features
27645 from Linux 3.11 (which was the addition of transactional memory
27646 defines for PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK samples) but turned into a
27647 general cleanup of the PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK documentation.
27649 The main clarification is that at least one of the non-privilege
27650 values must be set or else perf_event_open() will return an EINVAL
27653 Reorder text describing fields of 'perf_event_header' structure
27654 Place the fields with the shorter descriptions first, to make the
27655 information easier to read.
27659 Clarify wording of 'timeout' as a "minimum" interval
27661 sched_setaffinity.2
27662 Michael Kerrisk [Christos Tsopokis]
27663 Clarify that these system calls affect a per-thread attribute
27667 Clarify that this system call applies to threads (not processes)
27669 sched_setscheduler.2
27671 Clarify that this system call applies to threads (not processes)
27674 Michael Kerrisk [G.raud]
27675 Clarify wording of 'timeout' as a "minimum" interval
27678 Michael Kerrisk [Oleg Nesterov]
27679 Clarify description of return value
27680 More clearly describe the weirdness in the return value of this
27681 system call, and note the problems it creates in BUGS
27683 Correct header file in SYNOPSIS
27685 Refer to setfsuid(2) for an explanation of why setfsgid() is obsolete
27687 Wording improvements
27690 Michael Kerrisk [Oleg Nesterov]
27691 Clarify description of return value
27692 More clearly describe the weirdness in the return value of this
27693 system call, and note the problems it creates in BUGS
27694 Michael Kerrisk [Chen Gang]
27695 Clarify historical details and note that setfsuid() is obsolete
27697 Wording improvements
27699 Correct header file in SYNOPSIS
27703 Clarify wording of 'timeout' as a "minimum" interval
27707 Add missing argument in example
27709 Correct registers for arm/EABI
27710 Registers was off by one.
27713 http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/developer/patches/viewpatch.php?id=3105/4
27716 http://peterdn.com/post/e28098Hello-World!e28099-in-ARM-assembly.aspx
27717 https://wiki.debian.org/ArmEabiPort
27718 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calling_convention#ARM
27721 Michael Kerrisk [Hannes Landeholm]
27722 Add details on the fifth argument provided by raw waitid() system call
27723 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=60744
27727 clock() switched from using times(2) to clock_gettime() in glibc 2.18
27731 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27732 The functions drand48_r(), erand48_r(), lrand48_r(),
27733 nrand48_r(), mrand48_r(), jrand48_r(), srand48_r(), seed48_r(),
27734 and lcong48_r() are thread safe.
27738 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27739 The functions fma(), fmaf() and fmal() are thread safe.
27743 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27744 The functions fmax(), fmaxf() and fmaxl() are thread safe.
27748 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27749 The functions fmin(), fminf() and fminl() are thread safe.
27753 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27754 The functions fpclassify(), isfinite(), isnormal(), isnan(), and
27755 isinf() are thread safe.
27759 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27760 The functions frexp(), frexpf() and frexpl() are thread safe.
27763 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
27764 gai_strerror() is the modern replacement for herror() and hstrerror()
27766 Update feature test macro requirements for herror() and hstrerror()
27768 Add feature test macro requirements for h_errno
27772 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27773 The functions ilogb(), ilogbf() and ilogbl() are thread safe.
27777 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27778 The functions ldexp(), ldexpf() and ldexpl() are thread safe.
27782 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27783 The functions lrint(), lrintf(), lrintl(), llrint(), llrintf(),
27784 and llrintl() are thread safe.
27788 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27789 The functions lround(), lroundf(), lroundl(), llround(),
27790 llroundf() and llroundl() are thread safe.
27794 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
27795 The function lseek64() is thread safe.
27799 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
27800 The function mbsinit() is thread safe.
27804 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27805 The functions nextafter(), nextafterf(), nextafterl(),
27806 nexttoward(), nexttowardf() and nexttowardl() are thread safe.
27809 Michael Kerrisk [Will Newton]
27810 'errno" is indeterminate after a call to posix_memalign()
27811 Michael Kerrisk [Will Newton]
27812 Clarify wording on "return value" when size==0
27816 Correctly describe the meaning of a negative precision
27817 The printf(3) manpage says that a negative precision is taken to
27818 be zero, whereas printf(3p) says that a negative precision is
27819 taken as if the precision were omitted. glibc agrees with the
27820 latter (POSIX) specification.
27824 printf("%f\n",42.0); // "42.000000"
27825 printf("%.*f\n",0,42.0); // "42"
27826 printf("%.*f\n",-1,42.0); // "42.000000"
27828 This patch corrects the explanation to match what actually happens.
27832 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
27833 The function rewinddir() is thread safe.
27837 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
27838 The functions nearbyint(), nearbyintf(), nearbyintl(), rint(),
27839 rintf() and rintl() are thread safe.
27843 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
27844 The function seekdir() is thread safe.
27848 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
27849 The function telldir() is thread safe.
27853 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
27854 The function wctomb() is not thread safe.
27857 Michael Kerrisk [Elie De Brauwer]
27858 This driver disappeared in 2.56.35
27861 Michael Kerrisk [Stas]
27862 Add various synonyms
27863 See http://bugs.debian.org/553477
27864 Simon Paillard [Stas]
27865 Add keywords SUID, SGID, STICKY, STICKY_OTHER_WRITABLE, OTHER_WRITABLE
27866 See http://bugs.debian.org/553477
27867 See ls.c and dircolors.c in coreutils
27871 Document /proc/[pid]/io file
27872 Attempt to document fields in the /proc/[pid]/io file, based on
27873 the Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt. The text will probably
27874 need some grammar corrections.
27875 Michael Kerrisk [Marko Myllynen]
27876 /proc/sys/fs/inode-max went away in Linux 2.4
27877 Also, the 'preshrink' field in /proc/sys/fs/inode-state became
27878 a dummy value in Linux 2.4.
27880 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=60836
27881 Michael Kerrisk [A. Costa]
27882 Note block size used by /proc/partitions
27883 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=666972
27885 Add rationale on drop_caches and note that it can hurt performance
27886 See also http://lwn.net/Articles/562211/
27889 Michael Kerrisk [Eugen Dedu]
27890 Remove "lilo" entries from SEE ALSO
27891 See http://bugs.debian.org/604019
27895 SEE ALSO: add inotifywait(1) and inotifywatch(1)
27899 IP_MULTICAST_IF setsockopt recognizes struct mreq (compatibility)
27900 Kernel added compatibility only recently in
27901 3a084ddb4bf299a6e898a9a07c89f3917f0713f7
27902 See: http://bugs.debian.org/607979
27906 Add mention of SUSv4-TC1 (POSIX.1-2013)
27909 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.55 ====================
27911 Released: 2013-12-12, Christchurch
27917 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
27918 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
27919 incorporated in changes in this release:
27921 Alfred Agrell <alfred@agrell.info>
27922 Andreas Sandberg <andreas.sandberg@it.uu.se>
27923 Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
27924 David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
27925 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
27926 Fabrice Bauzac <libnoon@gmail.com>
27927 Greg Price <price@mit.edu>
27928 Jon Grant <jg@jguk.org>
27929 KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
27930 Liu Jiaming <storypku@gmail.com>
27931 Maxin B. John <maxin.john@enea.com>
27932 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
27933 Paolo Bonzini <bonzini@gnu.org>
27934 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
27935 Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@crashcourse.ca>
27936 Rodrigo Campos <rodrigo@sdfg.com.ar>
27937 Shawn Landden <shawn@churchofgit.com>
27938 Trevor Bramwell <trevor@bramwell.net>
27939 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
27940 Yang Yang <yangyang.gnu@gmail.com>
27941 Yuanhang Zheng <zhengyhn@gmail.com>
27942 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
27943 janh <a0vhv@t-online.de>
27945 Apologies if I missed anyone!
27955 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
27956 Reword a sentence to use more gender-neutral language
27959 Changes to individual pages
27960 ---------------------------
27964 'arg...' for interpreter scripts starts with argv[1]
27968 Clarify the zeroing behavior
27969 fallocate() zeroes only space that did not previously contain
27970 data, but leaves existing data untouched.
27974 Fix link to Rusty's futex example library
27975 When I asked to webmaster@kernel.org, Konstantin Ryabitsev
27976 answered that the ".nl." is "an obsolete scheme and really
27977 should be changed to just ftp.kernel.org".
27981 Note that NGROUPS_MAX is defined in <limits.h>
27983 Clarify that sysconf(_SC_NGROUPS_MAX) is a run-time technique
27985 Document /proc/sys/kernel/ngroups_max
27988 Michael Kerrisk [KOSAKI Motohiro, David Gibson]
27989 'request' argument is typed as 'unsigned long' in glibc
27990 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42705
27994 Linux 3.12 rdpmc/mmap
27995 It turns out that the perf_event mmap page rdpmc/time setting was
27996 broken, dating back to the introduction of the feature. Due
27997 to a mistake with a bitfield, two different values mapped to
27998 the same feature bit.
28000 A new somewhat backwards compatible interface was introduced
28001 in Linux 3.12. A much longer report on the issue can be found
28003 https://lwn.net/Articles/567894/
28005 Linux 3.12 adds PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER
28006 A new PERF_SAMPLE_IDENTIFIER sample type was added in Linux 3.12.
28008 E2BIG documentation
28009 The following documents the E2BIG error return for
28012 I actually ran into this error the hard way and it took me
28013 half a day to figure out why my ->size value was changing.
28015 Linux 3.12 adds PERF_EVENT_IOC_ID
28016 A new perf_event related ioctl, PERF_EVENT_IOC_ID, was added
28019 PERF_COUNT_SW_DUMMY support
28020 Support for the PERF_COUNT_SW_DUMMY event type was added in
28022 Vince Weaver [Andreas Sandberg]
28023 PERF_EVENT_IOC_PERIOD update
28024 The PERF_EVENT_IOC_PERIOD ioctl was broken until 2.6.36,
28025 and it turns out that the ARM architecture has some
28026 differing behavior too.
28030 Fix error in example program
28033 Michael Kerrisk [Paolo Bonzini]
28034 Clarify meaning of events==0
28035 events==0 does not mean that revents is always returned as
28036 zero. The "output only" events (POLLHUP, POLLERR, POLLNVAL)
28037 can still be returned.
28039 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=61911
28042 Michael Kerrisk [Yuanhang Zheng]
28043 Fix typo in error message in example program
28047 Remove out-of-date statement that UNIX domain does not support MSG_TRUNC
28048 Should have removed that sentence as part of
28049 commit a25601b48b822eb1882ae336574b8d062a17e564
28051 sched_get_priority_max.2
28053 Add SCHED_IDLE to discussion
28057 RETURN VALUE: these calls return number of bytes (not characters) sent
28061 Small clarification to description of when saved set-user-ID is set
28065 Note treatment of signals that are blocked *and* ignored
28069 Note filesystem support for nanosecond timestamps
28070 Add some detail on which native filesystems do and don't
28071 support nanosecond timestamps.
28073 Cosmetic reworking of timestamp discussion in NOTES
28074 Michael Kerrisk [Yang Yang]
28075 Update discussion of nanosecond timestamps
28076 The existing text describes the timestamp fields as 'time_t'
28077 and delegates discussion of nanosecond timestamps under NOTES.
28078 Nanosecond timestamps have been around for a while now,
28079 and are in POSIX.1-2008, so reverse the orientation of the
28080 discussion, putting the nanosecond fields into DESCRIPTION
28081 and detailing the historical situation under NOTES.
28085 Further fine tuning of argument names
28086 Follow-up to f2ae6dde0c68448bec986d12fe32268a2c98bfd9
28087 See https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=16073
28088 Michael Kerrisk [Fabrice Bauzac]
28089 Give arguments of symlink() more meaningful names
28093 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28094 The function adjtime() is thread safe.
28098 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28099 The function alloca() is thread safe.
28103 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28104 The functions asinh(), asinhf() and asinhl() are thread safe.
28108 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28109 The functions atan(), atanf() and atanl() are thread safe.
28113 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
28114 The function atof() is thread safe with exceptions.
28118 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions
28119 The functions atoi(), atol() and atoll() are thread safe with
28124 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28125 The function bcmp() is thread safe.
28129 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28130 The function bcopy() is thread safe.
28134 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28135 The function bsd_signal() is thread safe.
28139 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28140 The function bzero() is thread safe.
28144 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28145 The functions cbrt(), cbrtf() and cbrtl() are thread safe.
28149 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28150 The functions copysign(), copysignf() and copysignl() are thread
28155 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28156 The functions cos(), cosf() and cosl() are thread safe.
28160 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28161 The functions cproj(), cprojf() and cprojl() are thread safe.
28165 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28166 The functions creal(), crealf() and creall() are thread safe.
28170 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28171 The function daemon() is thread safe.
28175 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28176 The functions ecb_crypt(), cbc_crypt() and des_setparity() are
28181 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28182 The function difftime() is thread safe.
28186 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28187 The function dysize() is thread safe.
28191 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28192 The functions erf(), erff() and erfl() are thread safe.
28196 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28197 The functions erfc(), erfcf() and erfcl() are thread safe.
28201 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28202 The functions euidaccess() and eaccess() are thread safe.
28206 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28207 The functions expm1(), expm1f() and expm1l() are thread safe.
28211 POSIX.1-2008 specifies fexecve()
28213 Explain the use and rationale of fexecve()
28217 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28218 The function ftime() is thread safe.
28222 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28223 The function ftok() is thread safe.
28227 nftw() visits directories with FTW_D if FTW_DEPTH was not specified
28229 Explain probable cause of FTW_NS
28233 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28234 The functions futimes() and lutimes() are thread safe.
28238 Explain one use case for AI_ADDRCONFIG
28240 Highlight difference in ai_flags when hints==NULL
28241 NOTES already described how glibc differs from POSIX.
28242 Add a pointer to that text from the point in DESCRIPTION
28243 where hints==NULL is discussed.
28247 Reword slightly awkward section
28251 Scale back promises of alignment
28252 It's not true that the return value is suitably aligned for "any
28253 variable"; for example, it's unsuitable for a variable like
28254 float *x __attribute__ ((__vector_size__ (32)));
28255 which requires 32-byte alignment. Types like this are defined in
28256 <avxintrin.h>, and with 16-byte alignment in <emmintrin.h> and
28257 <xmmintrin.h>, so the application programmer need not even know
28258 that a vector_size attribute has been applied.
28260 On an x86 architecture, a program that loads from or stores to a
28261 pointer with this type derived from malloc can crash because GCC
28262 generates an aligned load/store, like MOVDQA.
28264 The C99 standard (TC3, as of N1256) does say the return value is
28265 suitably aligned for "any type of object". The C11 standard (as
28266 of N1570) revises this to any type with "fundamental alignment",
28267 which means an alignment "supported by the implementation in all
28268 contexts", which I suppose tautologically includes aligning
28269 malloc/realloc return values.
28271 The actual behavior of current glibc malloc is to align to the
28272 greater of 2 * sizeof(size_t) and __alignof__ (long double),
28273 which may be one bit greater than this commit promises.
28276 Michael Kerrisk [janh]
28277 msg_len must be greater than *or equal to* mq_msgsize
28278 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=64571
28282 Clarify that setenv() returns success in the overwrite==0 case
28285 Michael Kerrisk [Robert P. J. Day]
28286 Add 'const' to sigisemptyset(), sigorset(), sigandset() declarations
28288 Rework text describing sigisemptyset(), sigorset(), and sigandset()
28292 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28293 The functions statvfs() and fstatvfs() are thread safe.
28297 ATTRIBUTES: Note macros that are thread-safe
28298 The macros va_start(), va_arg(), va_end() and va_copy() are
28303 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28304 The functions tcgetattr(), tcsetattr(), tcsendbreak(),
28305 tcdrain(), tcflush(), tcflow(), cfmakeraw(), cfgetispeed(),
28306 cfgetospeed(), cfsetispeed(), cfsetospeed() and cfsetspeed()
28311 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28312 The function ungetwc() is thread safe.
28316 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28317 The function unlockpt() is thread safe.
28321 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28322 The function usleep() is thread safe.
28326 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28327 The function wcpcpy() is thread safe.
28331 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
28332 The function wcscasecmp() is thread safe with exceptions.
28336 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28337 The function wcscat() is thread safe.
28341 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28342 The function wcschr() is thread safe.
28346 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28347 The function wcscmp() is thread safe.
28351 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28352 The function wcscpy() is thread safe.
28356 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28357 The function wcscspn() is thread safe.
28361 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28362 The function wcslen() is thread safe.
28366 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
28367 The function wcsncasecmp() is thread safe with exceptions.
28371 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28372 The function wcsncat() is thread safe.
28376 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28377 The function wcsncmp() is thread safe.
28381 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28382 The function wcsncpy() is thread safe.
28386 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28387 The function wcsnlen() is thread safe.
28391 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28392 The function wcspbrk() is thread safe.
28396 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28397 The function wcsrchr() is thread safe.
28401 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28402 The function wcsspn() is thread safe.
28406 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28407 The function wcsstr() is thread safe.
28411 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions
28412 The functions wcstoimax() and wcstoumax() are thread safe with
28417 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28418 The function wcstok() is thread safe.
28422 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
28423 The function wcswidth() is thread safe with exceptions.
28427 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
28428 The function wctrans() is thread safe with exceptions.
28432 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
28433 The function wctype() is thread safe with exceptions.
28437 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
28438 The function wcwidth() is thread safe with exceptions.
28442 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28443 The function wmemchr() is thread safe.
28447 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28448 The function wmemcmp() is thread safe.
28452 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28453 The function wmemcpy() is thread safe.
28457 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28458 The function wmemmove() is thread safe.
28462 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28463 The function wmemset() is thread safe.
28466 Michael Kerrisk [Liu Jiaming]
28467 Note that 'arg' should be 0 in the usual case when using TIOCSCTTY
28469 Rework text on root to discuss just in terms of capabilities
28473 Document /proc/sys/kernel/ngroups_max
28477 Fix 2 version numbers under "Effect of user ID changes on capabilities"
28479 feature_test_macros.7
28481 Add _ISOC11_SOURCE to example program
28485 Fix (nontrivial) wordo in discussion of MSG_TRUNC
28486 s/MSG_PEEK/MSG_TRUNC/
28489 Michael Kerrisk [Alfred Agrell]
28490 Fix crufty wording in one sentence
28493 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.56 ====================
28495 Released: 2014-01-11, Christchurch
28497 In memory of Doris Church (1939-2013)
28503 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
28504 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
28505 incorporated in changes in this release:
28507 Andre Majorel <aym-xunil@teaser.fr>
28508 Arif Zaman <arifz@lums.edu.pk>
28509 Bert Wesarg <bert.wesarg@googlemail.com>
28510 Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
28511 David Malcolm <dmalcolm@redhat.com>
28512 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
28513 Dongsheng Song <dongsheng.song@gmail.com>
28514 Elie De Brauwer <eliedebrauwer@gmail.com>
28515 James Smith <james@theta.pw>
28516 Janne Blomqvist <blomqvist.janne@gmail.com>
28517 Joseph S. Myers <joseph@codesourcery.com>
28518 Luke Hutchison <luke.hutch@mit.edu>
28519 Marco Dione <mdione@grulic.org.ar>
28520 Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
28521 Mathieu Malaterre <malat@debian.org>
28522 Matthias Klose <doko@debian.org>
28523 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
28524 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
28525 Moritz 'Morty' Strübe <morty@gmx.net>
28526 Nadav Har'El <nyh@math.technion.ac.il>
28527 Ondřej Bílka <neleai@seznam.cz>
28528 Prádraig Brady <P@draigBrady.com>
28529 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
28530 Raphael Geissert <geissert@debian.org>
28531 Shawn Landden <shawn@churchofgit.com>
28532 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
28533 Stephen Kell <srk31@srcf.ucam.org>
28534 Sudhanshu Goswami <Sudhanshu.Goswami@emc.com>
28535 Sworddragon2 <sworddragon2@aol.com>
28536 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
28537 Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com>
28538 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
28540 Apologies if I missed anyone!
28543 New and rewritten pages
28544 -----------------------
28549 Split gets(3) to isolate unsafe gets(3) to a page on its own
28550 Currently man3/gets.3 documents various safe I/O functions, along
28551 with the toxic "gets" function.
28553 At the risk of being melodramatic, this strikes me as akin to
28554 storing rat poison in a food cabinet, in the same style of
28555 packaging as the food, but with a post-it note on it saying
28556 "see warnings below".
28558 I think such "never use this" functions should be quarantined
28559 into their own manpages, rather than listing them alongside
28562 The attached patch does this for "gets", moving the documentation
28563 of the good functions from man3/gets.3 into man3/fgetc.3,
28564 updating the SO links in the relevant functions to point at the
28567 It then rewrites man3/gets.3 to spell out that "gets" is toxic
28568 and should never be used (with a link to CWE-242 for good
28570 Michael Kerrisk [Andre Majorel]
28571 Tweaks to David Malcolm's patch
28575 New page documenting the vDSO mapped into each process by the kernel
28578 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
28579 ---------------------------------------------
28583 Document LINUX_REBOOT_SW_SUSPEND
28586 New and changed links
28587 ---------------------
28594 Adjust links to gets(3) to point to fgetc(3)
28602 Global fix of "NULL pointer"
28603 Change "NULL pointer" to "NULL" or null pointer".
28604 POSIX uses the term "null pointer", not "NULL pointer".
28608 Stylistic changes to code example
28609 For ease of reading, don't embed assignments inside if().
28613 Replace uses of "i.e.," in main text with "that is" or similar
28614 Usual man-pages style is to use "i.e." only within
28615 parenthetical expressions.
28619 Replace uses of "e.g." in main text with "for example" or similar
28620 Usual man-pages style is to use "e.g." only within
28621 parenthetical expressions.
28625 Add "Program source" subheading under EXAMPLE
28629 Add "static" to global variables and functions in example program
28632 Changes to individual pages
28633 ---------------------------
28636 Michael Kerrisk [Nadav Har'El]
28637 Improve description of CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID
28638 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=67291
28641 Michael Kerrisk [P?draig Brady]
28642 Note that errors from close() should be used only for diagnosis
28643 In particular, retrying after EINTR is a bad idea.
28645 See http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=529
28647 See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.lib.glibc.alpha/37702
28648 Subject: [RFC][BZ #14627] Make linux close errno to EINPROGRESS
28649 when interrupted in signal.
28652 Michael Kerrisk [Marco Dione]
28653 Add further cases to EFAULT error
28654 See https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=16402
28657 Vince Weaver [Sudhanshu Goswami]
28658 Clarify issues with the disabled bit
28659 Clarify the perf_event_open behavior with respect to the disabled
28660 bit and creating event groups.
28661 Vince Weaver [Sudhanshu Goswami]
28662 Clarify issues with the exclusive bit
28663 Warn that using the perf_event_open "exclusive" bit, while
28664 it might seem like a good idea, might lead to all 0 results
28665 in some common usage cases.
28669 Mention RB_POWER_OFF
28670 The manpage did not mention RB_POWER_OFF which is the glibc
28671 symbolic name for LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_POWER_OFF.
28674 $ cat x86_64-linux-gnu/sys/reboot.h | grep POWER_OFF
28675 define RB_POWER_OFF 0x4321fedc
28677 Add "Linux" to kernel version numbers
28679 Add RB_SW_SUSPEND synonym
28681 Add RB_KEXEC synonym
28684 Michael Kerrisk [Joseph S. Myers]
28685 BSD getpgrp() and setpgrp() go away in glibc 2.19
28688 Michael Kerrisk [Dongsheng Song]
28689 Remove crufty statement that AF_INET does not support SOCK_SEQPACKET
28690 Linux AF_INET supports SOCK_SEQPACKET via SCTP.
28695 The original list of registers was created by confusing strace
28696 source code--this is for parsing legacy 32-bit code (which is
28697 dead and no one cares). Update the list to reflect native ia64
28704 Add references to new vdso(7) page
28708 Small wording improvement for times!=NULL case
28711 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
28712 Update remarks on cast needed when assigning dlsym() return value
28713 POSIX.1-2013 eases life when casting the dlsym() return value to a
28715 Michael Kerrisk [Stephen Kell]
28716 Fix description of dli_sname
28717 See https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=16262
28720 Michael Kerrisk [Luke Hutchison]
28721 Correct description of how '*n' is used when '*lineptr' == NULL
28722 See https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=5468
28724 Remove SEE ALSO reference to unsafe gets(3)
28727 Simon Paillard [Raphael Geissert]
28728 typo in compiler flag
28729 See http://bugs.debian.org/732464
28732 Michael Kerrisk [Janne Blomqvist]
28733 Better describe 'flags' that can be specified for mkostemp()
28736 Michael Kerrisk [Arif Zaman]
28737 Fix memory leak in snprintf() example
28738 See http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19933479/snprintf-man-page-example-memory-leak
28741 Michael Kerrisk [Mathieu Desnoyers]
28742 POSIX.1-2008 removes ESRCH
28743 POSIX.1-2001 mistakenly documented an ESRCH error, and
28744 POSIX.1-2008 removes this error. Glibc does return
28745 this error in cases where it can determine that a thread ID
28746 is invalid, but equally, the use of an invalid thread ID
28747 can cause a segmentation fault.
28751 SEE ALSO: replace reference to gets(3) with fgets(3)
28754 Michael Kerrisk [Ondřej Bílka]
28755 Improve discussion of obsolete 'a' dynamic allocation modifier
28758 Michael Kerrisk [Joseph S. Myers]
28759 BSD setjmp() semantics go away in glibc 2.19
28762 Michael Kerrisk [Joseph S. Myers]
28763 BSD sigpause() goes away in glibc 2.19
28765 Correct feature text macro requirements
28767 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28768 The function sigpause() is thread safe.
28772 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28773 The function sigqueue() is thread safe.
28777 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28778 The function sigwait() is thread safe.
28782 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28783 The functions sin(), sinf() and sinl() are thread safe.
28787 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28788 The functions sincos(), sincosf() and sincosl() are thread safe.
28791 Moritz 'Morty' Strübe
28792 Add short description of the functions
28793 It is helpful to have a short description about what the different
28794 functions in string.h do.
28796 Fixes and enhancements to Moritz Strübe's patch
28799 Michael Kerrisk [Mathieu Malaterre, Simon Paillard]
28800 Add number ranges to comments in 'tm' structure
28801 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=729570
28803 Point to ctime(3) for more details on 'tm' structure
28805 Some rewording and reorganization
28809 Clarify description
28810 The use of "symbols" in the existing description is confusing;
28811 it's "bytes". Other fixes as well.
28814 Michael Kerrisk [Mathieu Malaterre]
28815 Improve description in NAME
28816 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=723659
28820 Clarify RETURN VALUE: s/substring/located substring/
28824 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28825 The function sysv_signal() is thread safe.
28829 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28830 The functions tan(), tanf() and tanl() are thread safe.
28834 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
28835 The functions tanh(), tanhf() and tanhl() are thread safe.
28839 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28840 The function toascii() is thread safe.
28844 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions
28845 The functions toupper() and tolower() are thread safe with
28850 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28851 The function towctrans() is thread safe.
28855 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
28856 The function towlower() is thread safe with exceptions.
28860 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
28861 The function towupper() is thread safe with exceptions.
28865 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28866 The function ualarm() is thread safe.
28870 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
28871 The function wcpncpy() is thread safe.
28874 Michael Kerrisk [Sworddragon2]
28875 Fix formula for CommitLimit under /proc/meminfo
28876 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=60991
28880 List APIs that operate on process groups
28882 Add details on controlling terminal and foreground/background jobs
28884 feature_test_macros.7
28886 Document _DEFAULT_SOURCE
28887 Michael Kerrisk [Joseph S. Myers]
28888 From glibc 2.19, _BSD_SOURCE no longer causes __FAVOR_BSD
28889 Starting with glibc 2.19, _BSD_SOURCE no longer causes BSD
28890 definitions to be favored in cases where standards conflict.
28894 SEE ALSO: add various entries
28897 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
28898 Add STYLE GUIDE section
28899 Incorporate some of the existing material in the page
28900 into the STYLE GUIDE, and add a lot more material, mainly
28901 drawn from the "Global changes" sections in the release
28904 Add historical note on reason for use of American spelling
28905 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
28906 Various improvements to style guide
28909 Willem de Bruijn [Daniel Borkmann]
28910 Document fanout, ring, and auxiliary options
28911 This patch adds descriptions of the common packet socket options
28912 PACKET_AUXDATA, PACKET_FANOUT, PACKET_RX_RING, PACKET_STATISTICS,
28914 and the ring-specific options
28915 PACKET_LOSS, PACKET_RESERVE, PACKET_TIMESTAMP, PACKET_VERSION
28917 Add kernel version numbers for PACKET_VERSION and PACKET_TIMESTAMP
28920 Michael Kerrisk [Matthias Klose]
28921 Default output file for D_DEBUG is stderr not stdout
28922 See https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6874
28926 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.57 ====================
28928 Released: 2014-01-24, Munich
28934 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
28935 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
28936 incorporated in changes in this release:
28938 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
28939 Andre Majorel <aym-xunil@teaser.fr>
28940 Andrey Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
28941 Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
28942 Axel Beckert <abe@debian.org>
28943 Bernhard Walle <bernhard@bwalle.de>
28944 Brandon Edens <bedens@fitbit.com>
28945 Eliezer Tamir <eliezer.tamir@linux.intel.com>
28946 Gioele Barabucci <gioele@svario.it>
28947 Ian Abbott <abbotti@mev.co.uk>
28948 Jerry Chu <hkchu@google.com>
28949 Jonas Jonsson <jonas@websystem.se>
28950 Marc Lehmann <debian-reportbug@plan9.de>
28951 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
28952 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
28953 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
28954 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
28955 Simone Piccardi <piccardi@truelite.it>
28956 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
28957 Thomas Posch <man-pages@online.posch.name>
28958 Tilman Schmidt <tilman@imap.cc>
28959 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
28960 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
28961 Марк Коренберг <socketpair@gmail.com>
28963 Apologies if I missed anyone!
28966 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
28967 ---------------------------------------------
28974 Michael Kerrisk, Andy Lutomirski
28976 O_TMPFILE is new in Linux 3.11
28979 Vince Weaver [Andi Kleen]
28980 PERF_SAMPLE_TRANSACTION support in Linux 3.13
28981 The following patch adds descriptions of the new perf_event_open.2
28982 PERF_SAMPLE_TRANSACTION sample type as added in Linux 3.13.
28984 The descriptions are based on information provided by Andi Kleen,
28987 [PATCH 1/6] perf, core: Add generic transaction flags v5
28989 sent to the linux-kernel list as well as an e-mail
28991 [PATCH] Document transaction flags in perf_event_open manpage
28993 sent to the linux-man list.
28995 The implementation is based heavily on the Intel Haswell
28996 processor. Documentation can be found at this page:
28997 http://software.intel.com/en-us/blogs/2013/05/03/intelr-transactional-synchronization-extensions-intelr-tsx-profiling-with-linux-0
28998 as well as in section 18.11.5.1 of volume 3 of the
28999 Intel 64 and IA-32 Architecture Software Developer's Manual.
29003 Add description for PTRACE_PEEKSIGINFO
29004 Retrieve signals without removing them from a queue.
29006 Add description for PTRACE_GETSIGMASK and PTRACE_SETSIGMASK
29007 These two commands allow to examine and change mask of blocked
29012 Add description for SO_BUSY_POLL
29013 Add description for the SO_BUSY_POLL socket option.
29016 Michael Kerrisk [Jerry Chu]
29017 Document TCP_USER_TIMEOUT
29018 Text slightly adapted from Jerry Chu's (excellent) commit
29019 message (commit dca43c75e7e545694a9dd6288553f55c53e2a3a3).
29021 Document TCP_CONGESTION
29029 Reword to avoid use of "etc."
29032 Peng Haitao [Andre Majorel]
29033 Make wording around thread-safety and setlocale() more precise
29039 Replace "weekday" with less ambiguous language
29040 Notwithstanding POSIX's use of the term "weekday", in everyday
29041 English, "weekday" is commonly understood to mean a day in the
29042 set [Monday..Friday] (vs one of the "weekend" days).
29045 Changes to individual pages
29046 ---------------------------
29049 Michael Kerrisk [Jonas Jonsson]
29050 Clarify wording of EINTR error
29051 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=66571
29055 Note that the system call takes only three arguments
29059 Note filesystems that support FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE operation
29063 BUGS: The O_SYNC and O_DSYNC flags are not modifiable using F_SETFL
29065 Add subsections under BUGS
29066 There's several bugs listed. It's helpful to mark
29069 POSIX.1 specifies F_SETOWN and F_GETOWN for sockets/SIGURG
29072 Michael Kerrisk [Марк Коренберг]
29073 Note that rlim_cur can be set lower than current resource consumption
29077 SEE ALSO: add ip(7) and udp(7)
29081 SEE ALSO: mention Documentation/security/keys.txt
29085 Add ENOENT for O_TMPFILE created with O_EXCL
29091 Note which filesystems support SEEK_HOLE/SEEK_DATA
29095 Note that MSG_EXCEPT is Linux-specific
29099 Update CONFORMING TO
29100 Add POSIX.1-2008. Add mention of O_TMPFILE.
29101 Update text on various flags that were added in POSIX.1-2008, and
29102 whose definitions can, since glibc 2.12, be obtained by suitably
29103 defining _POSIX_C_SOURCE or _XOPEN_SOURCE
29105 Add pointer in description to BUGS, for O_ASYNC limitation
29107 Remove crufty duplicate text on modifying file status flags
29111 Add details to descriptions of PTRACE_GETSIGMASK and PTRACE_SETSIGMASK
29114 Michael Kerrisk [Marc Lehmann]
29115 RETURN VALUE: Fix discussion of treatment of file descriptor sets
29116 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=574370
29120 Remove madvise1() from main list
29121 madvise1() is one of the system calls that was never
29122 implemented, and listed toward the bottom of the page.
29126 Add pointer to proc(5) for info on /proc/[pid]/timers
29129 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger:]
29131 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=29702
29135 clearerr(), feof(), and ferror() are also POSIX-conformant
29136 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas]
29137 CONFORMING TO: add fileno()
29141 SEE ALSO: add fgets(3)
29145 Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi]
29146 SYNOPSIS: s/unsigned/unsigned int/
29150 Small reorganization of text in EXAMPLE
29154 s/unsigned/unsigned int/ in example
29158 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
29159 The function stpcpy() is thread safe.
29163 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
29164 The function stpncpy() is thread safe.
29168 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
29169 The functions strcat() and strncat() are thread safe.
29173 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
29174 The functions strchr(), strrchr() and strchrnul() are thread safe.
29178 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
29179 The functions strcmp() and strncmp() are thread safe.
29183 Change "week day" to "day of week"
29184 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=68861
29188 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
29189 The function strstr() is thread safe.
29190 The function strcasestr() is thread safe with exceptions.
29194 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions
29195 The functions strtod(), strtof() and strtold() are thread safe
29200 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions
29201 The functions strtoimax() and strtoumax() are thread safe with
29206 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions
29207 The functions strtol(), strtoll() and strtoq() are thread safe
29212 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
29213 The functions tcgetpgrp() and tcsetpgrp() are thread safe.
29217 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
29218 The function tcgetsid() is thread safe.
29222 Mention that %E exists since Linux 3.0
29223 '%E' in the 'core_pattern' has been introduced in kernel commit
29224 57cc083ad9e1bfeeb4a0ee831e7bb008c8865bf0 which was included in
29225 version 3.0. Add that information to the manual page.
29228 Michael Kerrisk [Axel Beckert]
29229 Add reference to proc(5) for more details on /proc/filesystems
29230 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=735590
29234 SEE ALSO: add locale(7)
29238 Document /proc/[pid]/timers
29240 Update discussion of wchan
29241 Remove crufty reference to /etc/psdatabase in /proc/PID/stat.
29242 Add /proc/PID/wchan.
29244 See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/737452
29247 Michael Kerrisk [Gioele Barabucci]
29248 Correct reference to locale(7) (not locale(5))
29249 locale(7) is the right place for details of the LC_*
29250 environment variables.
29252 See http://bugs.debian.org/638186
29254 Improve references for discussion of locale environment variables
29256 SEE ALSO: add catopen(3)
29258 SEE ALSO: add locale(5)
29262 Prefer "usable" over "useable"
29266 Document SIOCGIFCONF case ifc_req==NULL
29267 Add the missing description of the possibility to call SIOCGIFCONF
29268 with ifc_req==NULL to determine the needed buffer size, as
29270 http://lkml.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0110.1/0506.html
29271 and verified against source files net/core/dev_ioctl.c and
29272 net/ipv4/devinet.c in the current kernel git tree.
29273 This functionality has been present since the beginning of the 2.6
29274 series. It's about time it gets documented.
29276 While I'm at it, also generally clarify the section on
29281 Enhance description of V7
29287 Describe format of tcp_*_congestion_control /proc files
29288 Describe format of tcp_allowed_congestion_control and
29289 tcp_available_congestion_control.
29292 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.58 ====================
29294 Released: 2014-02-11, Munich
29300 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
29301 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
29302 incorporated in changes in this release:
29304 Cyril Hrubis <chrubis@suse.cz>
29305 Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
29306 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
29307 Fabrice Bauzac <libnoon@gmail.com>
29308 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
29309 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
29310 Network Nut <sillystack@gmail.com>
29311 Ola Olsson <ola1olsson@gmail.com>
29312 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
29313 Peter Schiffer <pschiffe@redhat.com>
29314 Simone Piccardi <piccardi@truelite.it>
29315 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
29316 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
29317 Марк Коренберг <socketpair@gmail.com>
29318 未卷起的浪 <ayjj_8109@qq.com>
29320 Apologies if I missed anyone!
29323 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
29324 ---------------------------------------------
29328 Document the pipe2() O_DIRECT flag added in Linux 3.4
29332 Document PACKET_QDISC_BYPASS
29341 Formatting fix: add space between function and () if BR or IR
29342 Detected through the regex:
29343 git grep -P '^\.(BR|IR) [\w]*\([\d]*\)$'
29347 Formatting fix: add space between word and punctuation if BR or IR
29348 Detected through the regex:
29349 git grep -P '^\.(BR|IR) [^ ]*[,\.]$'
29351 Could probably be extended to match more cases and fix in perl.
29362 Fix order of SEE ALSO entries
29365 Changes to individual pages
29366 ---------------------------
29369 Michael Kerrisk [Network Nut]
29370 Remove word "minimum" from the description of 'timeout'
29376 Go into more detail on timeout and when call will cease blocking
29382 Michael Kerrisk [Fabrice Bauzac]
29383 Correct header file is <sys/xattr.h> (not <xattr/xattr.h>)
29384 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=70141
29388 Add note about ignored arg to IPC_RMID
29391 Michael Kerrisk [Марк Коренберг]
29392 PR_SET_PDEATHSIG value is preserved across execve(2)
29396 Rework and reorganize the text in various parts of the page.
29397 Isolate details specific to recv() vs recvfrom() vs recvmsg()
29398 Place details specific to each system call under a
29399 separate subheading.
29400 Rework discussion of 'src_addr' and 'addrlen' for recvfrom()
29401 Add description of 'buf' and 'len' in recvfrom() section
29402 'addrlen' should be 0 (*not* NULL) when 'src_addr' is NULL
29403 Improve text describing recvfrom() call that is equivalent to recv()
29404 Michael Kerrisk [未卷起的浪]
29405 Describe the various cases where the return value can be 0
29409 Note that 'buf' is ignored for IPC_RMID
29413 Make argument names consistent with symlink(2) page
29417 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
29418 The functions isalnum(), isalpha(), isascii(), isblank(),
29419 iscntrl(), isdigit(), isgraph(), islower(), isprint(),
29420 ispunct(), isspace(), isupper() and isxdigit() are thread safe.
29424 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
29425 The function isatty() is thread safe.
29429 ATTRIBUTES: Note macros that are thread-safe
29430 The macros isgreater(), isgreaterequal(), isless(),
29431 islessequal(), islessgreater() and isunordered() are thread safe.
29435 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
29436 The function iswalnum() is thread safe with exceptions.
29440 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
29441 The function iswalpha() is thread safe with exceptions.
29445 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
29446 The function iswblank() is thread safe with exceptions.
29450 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
29451 The function iswcntrl() is thread safe with exceptions.
29454 Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi]
29455 Fix incorrect argument mentioned under EINVAL error
29459 Add feature test macro requirements
29463 Add feature test macro requirements
29467 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions
29468 The functions strtoul(), strtoull() and strtouq() are thread safe
29473 Add note about default values
29477 SEE ALSO: Add some further kernel Documentation/sysctl files
29481 ATTRIBUTES sections come after VERSIONS
29482 Peng Haitao has consistently ordered the ATTRIBUTES after
29483 VERSIONS, so adjust the text in man-pages.7
29487 Add words "virtual dynamic shared object" in DESCRIPTION
29490 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.59 ====================
29492 Released: 2014-02-16, Munich
29498 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
29499 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
29500 incorporated in changes in this release:
29502 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
29503 Peter Schiffer <pschiffe@redhat.com>
29504 Weizhou Pan <cs.wzpan@gmail.com>
29506 Apologies if I missed anyone!
29513 Peter Schiffer, Michael Kerrisk [Weizhou Pan]
29514 Convert pages containing non-ASCII in source code comments to use UTF-8
29515 Done using a slightly modified version of Peter Schiffer's
29516 convert_to_utf_8.sh script. The script was modified so as *not*
29517 a "coding:" marker to the groff source. For now, we'll only put
29518 that marker on pages that contain non-ASCII characters in the
29521 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=60807
29542 Peter Schiffer, Michael Kerrisk [Weizhou Pan]
29543 Convert pages containing non-ASCII to use UTF-8
29544 Done using Peter Schiffer's convert_to_utf_8.sh script.
29545 These pages containing non-ASCII in the rendered characters, and
29546 so the script inserts a "coding:" marker into the groff source.
29548 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=60807
29551 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.60 ====================
29553 Released: 2014-02-18, Munich
29559 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
29560 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
29561 incorporated in changes in this release:
29563 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
29564 D. Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
29565 Kalle Olavi Niemitalo <kon@iki.fi>
29566 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
29567 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
29569 Apologies if I missed anyone!
29572 Changes to individual pages
29573 ---------------------------
29575 Michael Kerrisk [Kalle Olavi Niemitalo]
29576 Fix error in code snippet
29577 s/sigpause/sigmask/
29597 Michael Kerrisk [Simon Paillard]
29598 Remove comment that glyphs in column 4 may not display correctly
29599 With the conversion to UTF-8, the glyphs in column 4 of the
29600 tables in these pages will display regardless of whether the
29601 environment is configured for the corresponding character set.
29605 D. Barbier [Simon Paillard]
29606 Fix encoding mistakes in 5f7f4042b8848127d852c6fa7c02e31ccfaeeae5
29609 for f in iso_8859-11 iso_8859-13; do
29611 iconv -f utf8 -t latin1 $f | iconv -f iso-${f#iso_} -t utf8 > man7/$f.7
29617 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.61 ====================
29619 Released: 2014-02-26, Munich
29625 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
29626 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
29627 incorporated in changes in this release:
29629 Andrew Hunter <ahh@google.com>
29630 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
29631 Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
29632 Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
29633 Duncan de Wet <duncandewet@gmail.com>
29634 Kir Kolyshkin <kir@openvz.org>
29635 KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
29636 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
29637 Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
29638 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
29639 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
29640 Sulaiman Mustafa <seininn@hush.com>
29641 Xiawei Chen <chenxiawei@gmail.com>
29643 Apologies if I missed anyone!
29646 New and rewritten pages
29647 -----------------------
29649 A note from Christoph Hellwig prompted me to perform a task that has
29650 been queued for a while: merging the text of the man pages for the
29651 *at([23]) ("directory file descriptor") APIs into their corresponding
29652 traditional pages. When the *at([23]) pages were originally written
29653 (mostly in 2006), the APIs were not part of POSIX and (in most cases)
29654 were not available on other systems. So, it made some sense to wall
29655 them off into their own separate pages. Eight years later, with the
29656 APIs now all in POSIX (except scandirat()), it is much more sensible
29657 to document the newer APIs alongside their traditional counterparts,
29658 so that the newer APIs are not "hidden", and the reader can more
29659 easily see the differences between the APIs.
29661 Thus, the text of 14 pairs of pages has been merged, and the "merged
29662 from" pages have been converted to links to the "merged to" pages.
29663 Along the way, a few other fixes were made to the pages, as noted
29666 One page that did not undergo such a change was utimensat(2), which
29667 is different enough from utime(2) that it warrants a separate page.
29668 Unlike the other *at() pages, the utimensat(2) page was also already
29669 self-contained, rather than defining itself in terms of differences
29670 from utime(2) as the other *at() pages did.
29674 Merge text from faccessat(2)
29676 Remove faccessat() race warning
29677 That point is already covered in existing text in this page.
29679 access() also conforms to POSIX.1-2008
29683 Merge text from fchmodat(2)
29685 Use argument name 'pathname' throughout page
29686 (Some APIs were using 'path' while others used 'pathname')
29688 CONFORMING TO: chmod() and fchmod() are also in POSIX.1-2008
29692 Merge text of fchownat(2)
29694 AT_EMPTY_PATH is Linux-specific and requires _GNU_SOURCE
29696 Use argument name 'pathname' throughout page
29697 (Some APIs were using 'path' while others used 'pathname')
29699 Remove sentence that fchownat() is present on Solaris
29700 That point was only really relevant before fchownat() was
29701 standardized in POSIX.1.2008.
29703 CONFORMING TO: chown(), fchown(), lchown() are in POSIX.1-2008
29707 Merge text of linkat(2)
29709 CONFORMING TO: link() is in POSIX.1-2008
29711 AT_EMPTY_PATH is Linux-specific and requires _GNU_SOURCE
29715 Merge text of mkdirat(2)
29717 CONFORMING TO: mkdir() is in POSIX.1-2008
29721 Merge text of mknodat(2)
29723 CONFORMING TO: mknod(2) is in POSIX.1-2008
29727 Merge text from openat(2)
29729 Remove sentence that openat() is present on Solaris
29730 That point was only really relevant before openat() was
29731 standardized in POSIX.1.2008.
29735 Merge text of readlinkat(2)
29737 CONFORMING TO: readlink() is in POSIX.1-2008.
29739 Use argument name 'pathname' throughout page
29740 (Some APIs were using 'path' while others used 'pathname')
29744 Merge text of renameat(2)
29746 CONFORMING TO: rename(2) is in POSIX.1-2008
29750 Merge text from fstatat(2)
29752 AT_EMPTY_PATH and AT_NO_AUTOMOUNT are Linux-specific
29753 These flags require _GNU_SOURCE.
29755 Use argument name 'pathname' throughout page
29756 (Some APIs were using 'path' while others used 'pathname')
29758 Remove sentence that fstatat() is present on Solaris
29759 That point was only really relevant before fstatat() was
29760 standardized in POSIX.1.2008.
29762 CONFORMING TO: stat(), fstat(), lstat() are specified in POSIX.1-2008
29766 Merge text of symlinkat(2)
29768 CONFORMING TO: symlink() is in POSIX.1-2008
29772 Merge text of unlinkat(2)
29774 Remove sentence that unlinkat() is present on Solaris
29775 That point was only really relevant before unlinkat() was
29776 standardized in POSIX.1.2008.
29778 CONFORMING TO: unlink() is in POSIX.1-2008
29782 Merge text of mkfifoat(3)
29784 CONFORMING TO: mkfifo() is in POSIX.1-2008
29788 Merge text of scandirat(3)
29790 Update feature test macro requirements
29791 The FTM requirements changed in glibc 2.10.
29793 Remove libc4/libc5 note under CONFORMING TO
29794 No-one much cares about Linux libc these days.
29796 Put detail about alphasort under a NOTES heading
29797 This text was under CONFORMING TO, which made no sense.
29799 Rework CONFORMING TO text
29802 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
29803 ---------------------------------------------
29807 Document PR_SET_MM options in Linux 3.5
29808 Some of the PR_SET_MM options were merged to vanilla kernel
29809 later, and appeared in Linux 3.5. Those are:
29811 - PR_SET_MM_ARG_START
29812 - PR_SET_MM_ARG_END
29813 - PR_SET_MM_ENV_START
29814 - PR_SET_MM_ENV_END
29816 - PR_SET_MM_EXE_FILE
29820 Document the SO_RXQ_OVFL socket option
29822 Add kernel version number for SO_RXQ_OVFL
29825 New and changed links
29826 ---------------------
29830 Convert to link to access.2
29834 Convert to link to chmod.2
29838 Convert to link to chown.2
29842 Convert to link to stat.2
29846 Convert to link to link.2
29850 Convert to link to mkdir.2
29854 Convert to link to mknod.2
29858 Convert to link to open.2
29862 Convert to link to symlink.2
29866 Convert to link rename.2
29870 Convert to link to symlink.2
29874 Convert to link to unlink.2
29878 Convert to link to mkfifo.3
29882 Convert to link to scandir.3
29885 Changes to individual pages
29886 ---------------------------
29890 Note semantics of alarm with respect to fork() and execve()
29894 Warn that F_GETLK info may already be out of date when the call returns
29898 Describe policy on documenting differences between syscall and glibc API
29902 Reword note on glibc mmap() wrapper invocation of mmap2()
29904 This system call does not exist on x86-64
29908 ERRORS: add EPERM for unprivileged attempt to set msg_qbytes > MSGMNB
29911 Michael Kerrisk [Xiawei Chen]
29912 Clarify that PR_GET_TIMERSLACK is returned as the function result
29914 Clarify that PR_GET_SECCOMP is returned as function result
29916 Clarify that PR_GET_NO_NEW_PRIVS is returned as function result
29919 Michael Kerrisk [Andrew Hunter]
29920 Make it clearer that glibc and syscall APIs differ for PTRACE_PEEK*
29921 Thanks to Denys Vlasenko's additions in 78686915aed6bd12
29922 this page does note that the glibc API for PTRACE_PEEK*
29923 differs from the raw syscall interface. But, as the report
29924 at https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=70801 shows,
29925 this information could be more obvious. This patch makes its so.
29929 Note that these system calls don't exist on x86-64
29933 Split EINVAL cases into separate entries under ERRORS
29935 Add EINVAL error for invalid flags to swapon()
29939 SEE ALSO: add intro(2)
29943 Split EINVAL cases into separate items
29945 ERRORS: Add EINVAL case that was new in 2.6.34
29949 Add note that modern applications probably want utimensat(2) etc.
29952 Michael Kerrisk [KOSAKI Motohiro]
29953 ERRORS: Add EINVAL and EPERM errors
29954 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=69771
29958 Enhance example program
29959 Print statistics for AF_PACKET interfaces.
29960 Add missing feature test macro definition.
29965 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
29966 The function iswctype() is thread safe.
29970 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
29971 The function sem_post() is thread safe.
29975 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
29976 The function sem_unlink() is thread safe.
29980 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
29981 The functions sem_wait(), sem_trywait() and sem_timedwait() are
29986 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
29987 The functions setbuf(), setbuffer(), setlinebuf() and setvbuf()
29992 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
29993 The function strlen() is thread safe.
29997 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
29998 The function strnlen() is thread safe.
30002 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30003 The function strpbrk() is thread safe.
30007 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30008 The function strsep() is thread safe.
30012 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30013 The function swab() is thread safe.
30017 DESCRIPTION: mention that the data is trusted
30018 In a recent discussion about DNSSEC it was brought to my
30019 attention that not all system administrators may understand
30020 that the information in /etc/resolv.conf is fully trusted.
30021 The resolver implementation in glibc treats /etc/resolv.conf
30022 as a fully trusted source of DNS information and passes on
30023 the AD-bit for DNSSEC as trusted.
30025 This patch adds a clarifying sentence to make it absolutely
30026 clear that indeed this source of information is trusted.
30029 Michael Kerrisk [Sulaiman Mustafa]
30030 Fix rendering of single quote (decimal character 39)
30032 SEE ALSO: add utf-8(7)
30033 Michael Kerrisk [Duncan de Wet]
30034 Remove mention of ISO 8859-1 as being the default encoding on Linux
30038 Document PACKET_FANOUT_QM fanout mode
30040 Add kernel version for PACKET_FANOUT_QM
30042 Improve PACKET_QDISC_BYPASS description
30046 Add kernel version number for SO_BUSY_POLL
30049 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.62 ====================
30051 Released: 2014-03-11, Munich
30057 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
30058 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
30059 incorporated in changes in this release:
30061 Cyril Hrubis <chrubis@suse.cz>
30062 Joseph S. Myers <joseph@codesourcery.com>
30063 Marius Gaubas <marius@livejournalinc.com>
30064 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
30065 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
30066 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
30067 Rick Stanley <rstanley@rsiny.com>
30068 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
30070 Apologies if I missed anyone!
30073 New and rewritten pages
30074 -----------------------
30077 Michael Kerrisk [review from Mike Frysinger]
30078 New page describing locale(1)
30081 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
30082 ---------------------------------------------
30086 Document LC_ADDRESS
30088 Document LC_IDENTIFICATION
30090 Document LC_MEASUREMENT
30096 Document LC_TELEPHONE
30103 Michael Kerrisk [Christoph Hellwig, Pádraig Brady]
30104 Sometime in the 20th century (before my watch), a sync(8)
30105 page into man-pages. It documents the sync command from
30106 "fileutils", which long ago become coreutils, and the
30107 piece under NOTES note some behavior of sync(2)
30108 that ceased to be true many years ago. The man-pages
30109 project generally focuses on only Linux kernel and
30110 (g)libc interfaces, so this sync(8) page doesn't really
30111 belong. Furthermore, coreutils has a sync(1) page which
30112 covers the same command. After discussions on the
30113 coreutils list, I've decided to retire this page from
30116 Changes to individual pages
30117 ---------------------------
30121 Note that CLONE_THREAD also in effect requires CLONE_VM
30124 Michael Kerrisk [Marius Gaubas]
30125 Warn the reader that the 'stat' structure definition is not precise
30126 Padding fields aren't shown, and the order of fields varies
30127 somewhat across architectures.
30131 Remove redundant FTM requirements
30132 _GNU_SOURCE implies _SVID_SOURCE and _BSD_SOURCE, so
30134 _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE || _GNU_SOURCE
30138 _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE
30142 SEE ALSO: add utmpdump(1)
30146 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
30147 The functions log1p(), log1pf() and log1pl() are thread safe.
30151 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
30152 The functions logb(), logbf() and logbl() are thread safe.
30156 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30157 The function memccpy() is thread safe.
30161 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
30162 The functions memchr(), memrchr() and rawmemchr() are thread safe.
30166 Make warning not to use this function more prominent
30169 Michael Kerrisk [Joseph S. Myers]
30170 Recommend snprintf(3) not sprintf(3)
30174 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30175 The function raise() is thread safe.
30179 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30180 The function remove() is thread safe.
30184 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30185 The function sem_destroy() is thread safe.
30189 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30190 The function sem_getvalue() is thread safe.
30194 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30195 The function sem_init() is thread safe.
30199 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30200 The function sockatmark() is thread safe.
30204 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
30205 The functions strcpy() and strncpy() are thread safe.
30206 Michael Kerrisk [Rick Stanley]
30207 Fix a bug, and improve discussion of forcing termination with strncpy()
30211 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
30212 The functions strspn() and strcspn() are thread safe.
30216 Make warning not to use this function more prominent
30220 Recommend use mkstemp(3) or tmpfile(3) instead
30224 Add intro section that lists all of the LC categories
30226 'p_cs_precedes' is for *positive* values
30228 Clarify 'p_sign_posn' and 'n_sign_posn'; simplify 'n_sign_posn'
30229 Add initial sentence for 'p_sign_posn' and 'n_sign_posn'.
30230 Remove repeated list for 'n_sign_posn'.
30232 Document LC_MESSAGES 'yesstr' and 'nostr'
30234 Clarify LC_MONETARY 'n_cs_precedes'
30236 LC_MONETARY: Document 'int_p_sign_posn' and 'int_n_sign_posn'
30238 Clarify/rework 'p_cs_precedes' and 'n_cs_precedes'
30240 LC_MONETARY: document 'int_p_sep_by_space' and 'int_n_sep_by_space'
30242 Remove crufty reference to POSIX.2
30244 LC_MONETARY: document 'int_p_cs_precedes' and 'int_n_cs_precedes'
30246 Clarify/simplify 'n_sep_by_space'
30248 LC_TIME: document 'cal_direction' and 'date_fmt'
30250 Clarify 'p_sep_by_space'
30252 feature_test_macros.7
30254 _BSD_SOURCE and _SVID_SOURCE are deprecated in glibc 2.20
30256 _GNU_SOURCE implicitly defines other macros
30257 Saying that _GNU_SOURCE has the "effects of" other macros is not
30260 Reword glibc version for _ISOC95_SOURCE
30262 _ISOC99_SOURCE also exposes C95 definitions
30264 _ISOC11_SOURCE implies the effects of _ISOC99_SOURCE
30266 Note version number for _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L implies C99/C95
30267 _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L causes C95 definitions to be
30268 exposed only since glibc 2.12 and C99 definitions only
30271 _XOPEN_SOURCE may implicitly define _POSIX_SOURCE and _POSIX_C_SOURCE
30273 Reword glibc version for _ISOC99_SOURCE
30275 Rework discussion of _ISOC99_SOURCE
30277 Improve discussion of _DEFAULT_SOURCE
30279 _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L implies C95 and C95 features
30283 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.63 ====================
30285 Released: 2014-03-18, Munich
30291 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
30292 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
30293 incorporated in changes in this release:
30295 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
30296 Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
30297 Corrado Zoccolo <czoccolo@gmail.com>
30298 Gregory P. Smith <gps@google.com>
30299 Joseph S. Myers <joseph@codesourcery.com>
30300 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
30301 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
30302 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
30303 Phillip Susi <psusi@ubuntu.com>
30304 Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@crashcourse.ca>
30305 Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
30306 Zhu Yanhai <zhu.yanhai@gmail.com>
30308 Apologies if I missed anyone!
30311 New and rewritten pages
30312 -----------------------
30316 New page documenting duplocale(3)
30319 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
30320 New page documenting newlocale(3) and freelocale(3)
30324 Largely rewrite description of towlower() to be simpler and clearer
30328 Largely rewrite description of towupper() to be simpler and clearer
30332 New page documenting uselocale(3)
30335 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
30336 ---------------------------------------------
30340 Document O_DSYNC and rewrite discussion of O_SYNC
30344 Document the "_l" locale APIs
30345 The GNU C library v2.3 added some locale APIs, most of which
30346 were later specified in POSIX.1-2008, namely:
30362 Also update and correct various pieces in CONFORMING TO
30363 (and remove a few crufty old pieces there).
30367 Document strerror_l()
30371 Document toupper_l() and tolower_l()
30375 Document towlower_l()
30379 Document towupper_l()
30383 Document /proc/sys/kernel/random/uuid
30387 Document LC_ADDRESS
30388 Document LC_IDENTIFICATION
30389 Document LC_MEASUREMENT
30392 Document LC_TELEPHONE
30395 New and changed links
30396 ---------------------
30400 New link to new newlocale.3 page
30415 New links to isalpha.3
30420 New links to toupper.3
30424 New link to towlower.3
30428 New link to towupper.3
30436 Global change: "upper case" ==> "uppercase", "lower case" ==> lowercase"
30439 Changes to individual pages
30440 ---------------------------
30444 SEE ALSO: add blkid(1)
30448 Document two MSG_COPY failure modes
30449 Since Linux 3.14, the kernel now diagnoses two errors
30450 when using msgrcv() MSG_COPY:
30451 * MSG_COPY must be specified with IPC_NOWAIT
30452 * MSG_COPY can't be specified with MSG_EXCEPT
30456 Organize some material under additional subheadings in NOTES
30457 There's an amorphous mass of material under NOTES. Structure
30458 it with some subheadings, and do a little reorganizing.
30460 Add other system calls and functions that are like openat()
30461 fanotify_mark(2), name_to_handle_at(2), and scandirat(3) have a
30462 directory file descriptor argument for the same reason as openat().
30463 Also: reword the rationale for the *at() functions somewhat.
30465 Clarify ELOOP error interaction with O_PATH
30468 Phillip Susi [Corrado Zoccolo, Gregory P. Smith, Zhu Yanhai, Michael Kerrisk, Christoph Hellwig]
30469 Don't claim the call blocks until all data has been read
30470 The readahead(2) man page was claiming that the call blocks until
30471 all data has been read into the cache. This is incorrect.
30473 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=54271
30477 SEE ALSO: add ls(1) and stat(1)
30480 Christoph Hellwig [Michael Kerrisk]
30481 The fts(3) API does not work with LFS builds
30482 As pointed out during a recent discussion on libc-hacker the
30483 fts(3) APIs can't be used with large file offsets:
30485 https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=15838
30492 Add entries in SEE ALSO
30493 Mainly inspired by the POSIX pages.
30497 SEE ALSO: add mbrlen(3), mbrtowc(3), and wcrtomb(3)
30502 SEE ALSO: add mbsinit(3)
30505 Michael Kerrisk [Stefan Puiu]
30506 Add example program
30507 And add some SEE ALSO entries
30511 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30512 The function memcmp() is thread safe.
30516 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30517 The function memcpy() is thread safe.
30521 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30522 The function memfrob() is thread safe.
30526 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30527 The function memmem() is thread safe.
30531 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30532 The function memmove() is thread safe.
30536 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
30537 The functions mempcpy() and wmempcpy() are thread safe.
30541 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30542 The function memset() is thread safe.
30546 CONFORMING TO: strerror() and strerror_r() are in POSIX.1-2008
30548 Add SS heading for strerror_r()
30552 Rewrite to more explicitly bring locales into the discussion
30554 Retitle BUGS section to NOTES
30555 These are not really bugs, just background info.
30563 SEE ALSO: add various entries
30564 Mainly inspired by POSIX
30567 Mike Frysinger [Michael Kerrisk]
30568 Document core_pattern %d specifier
30569 Document %P core_pattern specifier
30571 Rearrange core_pattern specifiers alphabetically
30575 SEE ALSO: add newlocale(3) + duplocale(3)
30577 feature_test_macros.7
30578 Michael Kerrisk [Joseph S. Myers]
30579 Remove mention of bogus _ISOC95_SOURCE macro
30580 The _ISOC95_SOURCE macro is defined in <features.h>, but it
30581 does nothing. So remove discussion of it, and move some of
30582 the discussion of C95 under the _ISOC99_SOURCE subhead.
30583 Michael Kerrisk [Carlos O'Donell]
30584 Add packaging note for _BSD_SOURCE/_SVID_SOURCE/_DEFAULT_SOURCE
30585 To compile warning-free across glibc < 2.20 and glibc >= 2.20
30586 code may been to define both _DEFAULT_SOURCE and either
30587 _BSD_SOURCE or _SVID_SOURCE.
30589 Reword description of C90
30593 Add subsection on POSIX.1-2008 (originally GNU) extensions to locale API
30595 Remove reference to LI18NUX2000
30596 LI18NUX2000 is difficult to even find these days, and in any case
30597 this page does not document gettext(), so notes about gettext()
30598 in the CONFORMING TO section here make no sense.
30600 SEE ALSO: add mbstowcs(3) and wcstombs(3)
30601 SEE ALSO: add newlocale(3) + duplocale(3)
30605 Add preferred term "superblock"
30607 Add preferred terms "uppercase" and "lowercase"
30611 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.64 ====================
30613 Released: 2014-04-06, Munich
30619 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
30620 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
30621 incorporated in changes in this release:
30623 Abhay Sachan <sachan.abhay@gmail.com>
30624 Alexey Samsonov <samsonov@google.com>
30625 Andrey Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
30626 Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
30627 Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
30628 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
30629 Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
30630 Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
30631 Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
30632 Kir Kolyshkin <kir@openvz.org>
30633 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
30634 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
30635 NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
30636 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
30637 Peter Hurley <peter@hurleysoftware.com>
30638 Petr Gajdos <pgajdos@suse.cz>
30639 Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@crashcourse.ca>
30640 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
30641 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
30643 Apologies if I missed anyone!
30646 New and rewritten pages
30647 -----------------------
30649 open_by_handle_at.2
30650 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger, Neil Brown, Aneesh Kumar K.V,
30652 New page describing name_to_handle_at(2) and open_by_handle_at(2)
30656 Rewrite introductory section
30657 Reorganize "Limitations and caveats" subsection
30659 Further describe the race when adding a watch to a new subtree
30661 Directory renames may invalidate multiple paths cached by application
30663 Add paragraph on cache consistency checking
30665 Mention cache rebuilding to handle overflow events
30667 Moving an object to another filesystem generates IN_DELETE_SELF
30668 Michael Kerrisk [Jan Kara]
30669 Add text on dealing with rename() events
30671 Note rationale and consequences of event coalescing
30672 Michael Kerrisk [Eric W. Biederman]
30673 Inotify doesn't work for remote and pseudo filesystems
30675 Add some examples of events generated by various system calls
30677 BUGS: IN_ONESHOT does now cause IN_IGNORED when the watch is dropped
30678 A silent change as a result of the fanotify work in kernel 2.6.36.
30680 Note that IN_DELETE_SELF will be followed by IN_IGNORED
30682 Note that IN_UNMOUNT will be followed by an IN_IGNORED event
30684 Inotify does not report events for mmap(2) and msync(2)
30686 Add examples of syscalls that trigger IN_ATTRIB
30688 Add some examples of syscalls that trigger IN_MODIFY
30690 execve(2) also generates IN_ACCESS
30692 Add examples of syscalls that trigger IN_CREATE
30695 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
30696 ---------------------------------------------
30699 Vince Weaver [Michael Kerrisk]
30700 Document the PERF_FLAG_FD_CLOEXEC flag
30701 The Linux 3.14 release adds support for the PERF_FLAG_FD_CLOEXEC
30704 feature_test_macros.7
30706 Document _LARGEFILE_SOURCE
30709 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Dumazet]
30710 Document /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_autocorking
30711 Text heavily based on Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
30714 New and changed links
30715 ---------------------
30717 name_to_handle_at.2
30719 New link to new open_by_handle_at(2) page
30731 Print size_t/ssize_t values using %z printf() modifier
30732 There are fewer and fewer systems these days that don't
30733 support the %z specifier mandated in C99. So replace the
30734 use of %ld/%lu + (long) cast with %zd/%zu.
30737 Changes to individual pages
30738 ---------------------------
30744 SEE ALSO: remove update(8) reference
30745 Remove reference to update(8) man page, since there is no such
30746 page. This is an ancient BSD leftover I believe.
30750 Note that 'dirfd' can be AT_FDCWD when AT_EMPTY_PATH is used
30754 Fix RETURN VALUE description
30755 A EA can have length zero.
30757 inotify_add_watch.2
30759 ERRORS: add ENAMETOOLONG
30763 Add pointer to inotify(7)
30767 When AT_EMPTY_PATH is specified, 'olddirfd' must not refer to a
30772 The file descriptor for a file mapping must be readable
30773 There is no difference between MAP_SHARED and MAP_PRIVATE.
30777 SEE ALSO: add open_by_name_at(2)
30781 Document PERF_EVENT_IOC_PERIOD behavior change
30782 Linux 3.14 (in commit bad7192b842c83e580747ca57104dd51fe08c223)
30783 changes the perf_event PERF_EVENT_IOC_PERIOD ioctl() behavior
30784 on all architectures to update immediately, to match the behavior
30789 Note that 'dirfd' can be AT_FDCWD when AT_EMPTY_PATH is used
30793 Add sched_getattr() and sched_setattr()
30794 And update kernel version to 3.14
30798 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30799 The function abort() is thread safe.
30803 SEE ALSO: add getconf(1), fpathconf(3), sysconf(3), pathconf(3)
30807 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
30808 The function exit() is not thread safe.
30812 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
30813 The functions feclearexcept(), fegetexceptflag(), feraiseexcept(),
30814 fesetexceptflag(), fetestexcept(), fegetround(), fesetround(),
30815 fegetenv(), feholdexcept(), fesetenv(), feupdateenv(),
30816 feenableexcept(), fedisableexcept() and fegetexcept() are thread
30821 SEE ALSO: add confstr(3)
30824 Michael Kerrisk [Petr Gajdos]
30825 Document EINVAL error for negative file offset
30829 Add feature test macro requirements
30832 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
30833 Remove mention of "32-bit systems" in BUGS
30837 Michael Kerrisk [Robert P. J. Day]
30838 Remove mention of bogus _ISOC95_SOURCE feature test macro
30842 Caller should free the allocated buffer even if getline() failed
30843 Relevant discussion in glibc bugzilla:
30844 https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=5666
30848 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30849 The function getloadavg() is thread safe.
30853 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
30854 The function getpt() is thread safe.
30858 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
30859 The functions if_nametoindex() and if_indextoname() are thread safe.
30863 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
30864 The functions index() and rindex() are thread safe.
30868 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
30869 The functions mkfifo() and mkfifoat() are thread safe.
30873 SEE ALSO: make the reference for libnetlink the libnetlink(3) man page
30877 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
30878 The functions random(), srandom(), initstate() and setstate()
30883 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
30884 The functions random_r(), srandom_r(), initstate_r() and
30885 setstate_r() are thread safe.
30889 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
30890 The functions sigvec(), sigblock(), sigsetmask() and
30891 siggetmask() are thread safe.
30893 The macro sigmask() is thread safe.
30897 SEE ALSO: add confstr(3)
30900 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Hurley]
30901 Fix error in discussion of MIN > 0, TIME == 0 noncanonical mode
30902 As reported by Peter Hurley, for the MIN > 0, TIME == 0 case:
30904 read() may unblock when MIN bytes are available but return
30905 up to the 'count' parameter if more input arrives in between
30906 waking and copying into the user buffer.
30908 read() may also _not_ return until MIN bytes have been
30909 received, even if 'count' bytes have been received.
30911 Add a note on interaction of O_NONBLOCK with noncanonical MIN/TIME
30912 POSIX leaves the behavior open.
30914 Clarify termination conditions for MIN > 0, TIME > 0
30916 Clarify behavior if data is available before noncanonical read()
30918 Add descriptive titles to noncanonical read() cases
30922 Add subsection on opening a symbolic link with O_PATH
30924 name_to_handle_at(2) and open_by_handle_at(2) optionally follow symlinks
30926 Mention use of readlink(2) to read contents of a symlink
30929 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.65 ====================
30931 Released: 2014-04-20, Munich
30937 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
30938 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
30939 incorporated in changes in this release:
30941 Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
30942 Ashish Sangwan <a.sangwan@samsung.com>
30943 Christopher Covington <cov@codeaurora.org>
30944 Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
30945 Craig McQueen <craig.mcqueen@beamcommunications.com>
30946 Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
30947 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
30948 Greg Troxel <gdt@ir.bbn.com>
30949 Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@chromium.org>
30950 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
30951 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
30952 Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
30953 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
30954 Petr Gajdos <pgajdos@suse.cz>
30955 Richard Hansen <rhansen@bbn.com>
30956 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
30957 Steven Stewart-Gallus <sstewartgallus00@mylangara.bc.ca>
30958 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
30959 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
30961 Apologies if I missed anyone!
30964 New and rewritten pages
30965 -----------------------
30969 New page describing inet_net_pton(3) and inet_net_ntop(3)
30972 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
30973 ---------------------------------------------
30976 Michael Kerrisk, Namjae Jeon [Christoph Hellwig, Dave Chinner]
30977 Document FALLOC_FL_COLLAPSE_RANGE
30980 Michael Kerrisk [Alex Thorlton]
30981 Document PR_SET_THP_DISABLE and PR_GET_THP_DISABLE
30985 Document /proc/[pid]/stack
30987 Document /proc/[pid]/clear_refs
30990 New and changed links
30991 ---------------------
30995 New link to new inet_net_pton.3
30998 Changes to individual pages
30999 ---------------------------
31003 Note the race when O_CLOEXEC is used at same time as fork()+execve()
31007 SEE ALSO: see prctl(2)
31008 Because of PR_SET_THP_DISABLE.
31012 Describe treatment of MCL_FUTURE during fork(2) and execve(2)
31015 Michael Kerrisk [Richard Hansen, Greg Troxel]
31016 Warn that one of MS_SYNC or MS_ASYNC is required
31020 Add more detail on the race that O_CLOEXEC is designed to avoid
31021 Michael Kerrisk [Matthew Dempsky]
31022 Remove crufty text stating that O_DIRECTORY is Linux-specific
31024 Note which filesystems support O_TMPFILE
31027 Vince Weaver [Michael Kerrisk]
31028 Clarify EACCES and EPERM errors
31029 Clarify the reasons for EACCES and EPERM errors.
31030 Vince Weaver [Michael Kerrisk]
31031 Make the ERRORS section more comprehensive.
31032 Determined both by code inspection and by writing a large
31033 number of test programs.
31037 Available execution domains are listed in <sys/personality.h>
31039 Fix discussion of return value
31043 ERRORS: document EINVAL for PR_GET_NO_NEW_PRIVS
31044 ERRORS: document EINVAL for PR_SET_PDEATHSIG
31045 ERRORS: document EINVAL for PR_SET_TIMING
31046 ERRORS: document EINVAL for PR_SET_DUMPABLE
31047 ERRORS: document EINVAL for PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS
31051 Rewrite description of SHMMNI default value
31053 Note default value of SHMMAX
31054 Note default value for SHMALL
31058 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31059 The functions htonl(), htons(), ntohl() and ntohs() are thread
31063 Michael Kerrisk [Steven Stewart-Gallus]
31064 If 'fd' is a close-on-exec file descriptor for a script, fexecve() fails
31065 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=74481
31069 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31070 The functions ffs(), ffsl() and ffsll() are thread safe.
31074 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
31075 The function getauxval() is thread safe.
31079 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31080 The functions getcontext() and setcontext() are thread safe.
31084 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
31085 The function getsubopt() is thread safe.
31089 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31090 The functions getutmp() and getutmpx() are thread safe.
31094 Note success and error return for inet_aton()
31097 Michael Kerrisk [Craig McQueen]
31098 The form 'a.b' if is suitable for Class A addresses (not class C)
31100 SEE ALSO: add inet_net_pton(3)
31104 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31105 The functions makecontext() and swapcontext() are thread safe.
31107 pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3
31109 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31110 The functions pthread_attr_setdetachstate() and
31111 pthread_attr_getdetachstate() are thread safe.
31113 pthread_attr_setguardsize.3
31115 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31116 The functions pthread_attr_setguardsize() and
31117 pthread_attr_getguardsize() are thread safe.
31121 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31122 The functions sigemptyset(), sigfillset(), sigaddset(),
31123 sigdelset(), sigismember(), sigisemptyset(), sigorset() and
31124 sigandset() are thread safe.
31128 Improve /proc/[pid]/smaps entries description
31130 /proc/PID/smaps is present only if CONFIG_PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
31132 Note kernel version for /proc/sys/kernel/{shmall,shmmax}
31134 Note kernel version for /proc/sys/kernel/{msgmax,msgmnb}
31138 SEE ALSO: add capsh(1)
31145 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.66 ====================
31147 Released: 2014-05-08, Munich
31153 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
31154 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
31155 incorporated in changes in this release:
31157 Alan Curry <rlwinm@sdf.org>
31158 Carsten Andrich <carsten.andrich@tu-ilmenau.de>
31159 Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
31160 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
31161 Eric Siegerman <pub08-knl@davor.org>
31162 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
31163 Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
31164 Jan Moskyto Matejka <mq@suse.cz>
31165 John Marshall <jm18@sanger.ac.uk>
31166 Lukáš Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
31167 Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
31168 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
31169 Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>
31170 Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
31171 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
31172 Peter Schiffer <pschiffe@redhat.com>
31173 Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
31174 Silvan Jegen <s.jegen@gmail.com>
31175 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
31176 Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
31177 Steven Stewart-Gallus <sstewartgallus00@mylangara.bc.ca>
31178 Stijn Hinterding <contact@stijnhinterding.nl>
31179 Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com>
31180 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
31182 Apologies if I missed anyone!
31185 New and rewritten pages
31186 -----------------------
31189 Heinrich Schuchardt, Michael Kerrisk
31190 New page documenting fanotify_init(2)
31193 Heinrich Schuchardt, Michael Kerrisk
31194 New page documenting fanotify_mark(2)
31196 sched_setscheduler.2
31199 Stripped out the general scheduling material, which
31200 moved to sched(7), and rewrote much of the remainder.
31201 Changed copyright and license since pretty much all
31202 of the content was or is written by mtk.
31205 Heinrich Schuchardt, Michael Kerrisk
31206 New page providing overview of the fanotify API
31210 New page providing an overview of the scheduling APIs
31211 Most of this content derives from sched_setscheduler(2). In
31212 preparation for adding a sched_setattr(2) page, it makes
31213 sense to isolate out this general content to a separate
31214 page that is referred to by the other scheduling pages.
31217 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
31218 ---------------------------------------------
31221 Lukas Czerner [Michael Kerrisk]
31222 Document FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE
31223 FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE was added in Linux 3.14,
31224 for zeroing ranges in the allocated space in a file.
31227 Miklos Szeredi [Michael Kerrisk]
31228 Document renameat2() system call added in Linux 3.15
31235 Changes to individual pages
31236 ---------------------------
31240 Employ term "open file description" in DESCRIPTION
31241 And include reference to open(2) for an explanation of the term.
31245 SEE ALSO: add sched(7)
31249 SEE ALSO: add packet(7)
31252 Michael Kerrisk [Steven Stewart-Gallus]
31253 Document ENOENT error for linkat()
31254 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=73301
31258 Reword EEXIST error
31262 Note capability required to raise MQ size beyond MSGMNB
31265 Michael Kerrisk [Heinrich Schuchardt]
31266 s/flushes... back to disk/flushes... back to filesystem/
31270 SEE ALSO: add sched(7)
31274 Update note on alignment of user buffer and file offset for O_DIRECT
31275 The sentence in open(2) man page in notes for O_DIRECT flag:
31277 "Under Linux 2.6, alignment to 512-byte boundaries suffices."
31279 is not universally correct. The alignment is a property of the
31280 storage, for example, 4k-sector drives with no 512 byte sector
31281 emulation will be unable to perform 512-byte direct I/O.
31283 Note some of the various synonyms for "open file description"
31285 Remove repetitious text on use of fcntl() to change file status flags
31287 open_by_handle_at.2
31289 Mention FreeBSD analogs
31292 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Siegerman]
31293 Fix wording error under "Architecture-specific variants"
31294 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=75431
31297 Michael Kerrisk [Stijn Hinterding]
31298 Add feature test macro requirements
31299 The _GNU_SOURCE FTM must be defined.
31303 BUGS: detail nonatomicity bug with respect to file offset updates
31304 This bug was fixed in Linux 3.14, with commit
31305 9c225f2655e36a470c4f58dbbc99244c5fc7f2d4
31306 See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/1649458
31308 sched_get_priority_max.2
31310 Small changes consistent with migration of content to sched(7)
31312 sched_rr_get_interval.2
31314 Small changes consistent with migration of content to sched(7)
31316 sched_setaffinity.2
31318 Small changes consistent with migration of content to sched(7)
31322 Small changes consistent with migration of content to sched(7)
31326 Small changes consistent with migration of content to sched(7)
31330 Consolidate discussion on noninitialization of semaphores
31331 The fact that semget() does not initialize the semaphores
31332 in a new set was covered in two places (in DESCRIPTION
31333 and BUGS). Consolidate these into one place (in NOTES)
31334 and also point out that POSIX.1-2008 says that a future
31335 version of the standard may require an implementation to
31336 initialize the semaphores to 0.
31338 Clarify SEMMNS versus SEMMSL*SEMMNI
31340 Rework EINVAL text a little
31342 Clarify wording for EEXIST error
31347 The default for SHMALL is a limit of 8 GB, regardless of
31348 PAGE_SIZE. The current documentation does not mention that
31349 and is therefore more difficult to understand than necessary.
31352 2097152 is 2^21, not 2^20.
31354 Reword EEXIST error
31356 Clarify one of the EINVAL cases
31358 Note that SHM_NORESERVE is a Linux extension
31359 Michael Kerrisk [Simon Paillard]
31360 Fix kernel version numbers in discussion of SHMALL
31364 Move and rework discussion of mode bits
31366 Reword description of O_EXCL
31370 Move fork(2), execve(2), _exit(2) discussion to NOTES
31372 Add subheads for shmat() and shmdt()
31374 Rework discussion of SHM_RDONLY and SHM_REMAP into list format
31376 Structure the attach cases as a list
31380 Fix bad cross reference (times(2) not time(2))
31381 The system call that reports child CPU usage is times(2),
31385 Michael Kerrisk [Steven Stewart-Gallus]
31386 Document ENOENT error for symlinkat()
31387 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=73301
31392 And bump kernel version.
31396 BUGS: detail nonatomicity bug with respect to file offset updates
31397 This bug was fixed in Linux 3.14, with commit
31398 9c225f2655e36a470c4f58dbbc99244c5fc7f2d4
31399 See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/1649458
31401 pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3
31403 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31404 The functions pthread_attr_setinheritsched() and
31405 pthread_attr_getinheritsched() are thread safe.
31407 pthread_attr_setschedparam.3
31409 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31410 The functions pthread_attr_setschedparam() and
31411 pthread_attr_getschedparam() are thread safe.
31413 pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3
31415 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31416 The functions pthread_attr_setschedpolicy() and
31417 pthread_attr_getschedpolicy() are thread safe.
31419 pthread_attr_setscope.3
31421 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31422 The functions pthread_attr_setscope() and pthread_attr_getscope()
31425 pthread_attr_setstack.3
31427 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31428 The functions pthread_attr_setstack() and pthread_attr_getstack()
31433 SEE ALSO: add sched(7)
31436 Michael Kerrisk [Yuri Kozlov]
31437 Rework intro text for 'c_oflag'
31439 OFDEL is in POSIX.1-2001, so remove "(Not in POSIX)" text
31442 Jan Moskyto Matejka [Randy Dunlap]
31443 Improve description of /proc/stat 'intr' field
31444 The sum at the beginning of line "intr" includes also
31445 unnumbered interrupts.
31448 Carsten Andrich [Neil Horman]
31449 Improve sockopt documentation for packet sockets
31450 Carsten Andrich [Willem de Bruijn]
31451 PACKET_LOSS has inverse meaning
31452 Stefan Puiu [Daniel Borkmann, Carsten Andrich]
31453 Status in PACKET_RX_RING is actually a bit mask
31454 Michael Kerrisk [Carsten Andrich]
31455 SEE ALSO: add /tools/testing/selftests/net/psock_tpacket.c
31458 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.67 ====================
31460 Released: 2014-05-21, Munich
31466 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
31467 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
31468 incorporated in changes in this release:
31470 Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
31471 Aurelien Jarno <aurelien@aurel32.net>
31472 Bill Allombert <ballombe@debian.org>
31473 Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
31474 Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
31475 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
31476 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@usta.de>
31477 Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
31478 Jon Grant <jg@jguk.org>
31479 Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@gmail.com>
31480 Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@profusion.mobi>
31481 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
31482 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
31483 Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
31484 Rasmus Villemoes <rv@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
31485 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
31486 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
31487 Steven Stewart-Gallus <sstewartgallus00@mylangara.bc.ca>
31488 Török Edwin <edwin@etorok.net>
31489 William Morriss <wjmelements@gmail.com>
31490 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
31492 Apologies if I missed anyone!
31495 New and rewritten pages
31496 -----------------------
31499 Michael Kerrisk, Peter Zijlstra [Juri Lelli]
31500 New page describing sched_setattr(2) and sched_getattr(2)
31504 Rewrote large parts of the page and added a number of details
31507 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
31508 ---------------------------------------------
31511 Peter Zijlstra, Michael Kerrisk [Juri Lelli]
31512 Document SCHED_DEADLINE
31514 New and changed links
31515 ---------------------
31519 New link to rename.2
31523 New link to new sched_setattr
31526 Changes to individual pages
31527 ---------------------------
31531 ERRORS: Add EADDRINUSE for ephemeral port range exhaustion
31535 NOTES: Add some subheadings
31538 Michael Kerrisk [William Morriss]
31539 ERRORS: Add EADDRNOTAVAIL for ephemeral port range exhaustion
31540 Verified from testing and the kernel source.
31541 See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=745775
31543 Remove mention of ip_local_port_range under EAGAIN error
31549 Michael Kerrisk [Lucas De Marchi]
31550 Clarify glibc header file declaration/ABI wrapper details
31551 create_module(), delete_module(), init_module(), and
31552 query_module() are not declared in header files, but
31553 through an accident of history glibc provides an ABI
31554 for them that it continues to maintain, for
31555 compatibility reasons.
31558 Michael Kerrisk [Steven Stewart-Gallus]
31559 Note SIGKILL case when execve() fails beyond the point of no return
31561 NOTES: Add a subheading and reorder paragraphs
31564 Heinrich Schuchardt [Michael Kerrisk]
31565 Document range of permitted flags for event_f_flags
31566 With a new patch included in the mm tree, event_f_flags is
31567 checked for allowable values.
31571 Add "file locking" subheading under NOTES
31575 ERRORS: SCHED_DEADLINE tasks can fail with EAGAIN
31576 SCHED_DEADLINE tasks can fail with EAGAIN unless the
31577 reset-on-fork flag is set.
31581 Note that there is no glibc wrapper
31585 Fix prototypes for getpriority() and setpriority()
31586 The who argument has type id_t (which happens to be u32 on linux).
31590 Add <sys/types.h> to synopsis of get_robust_list()
31591 If one were to implement wrappers for [gs]et_robust_list() using the
31592 given prototypes, one would also have to include sys/types.h to get
31593 a definition of size_t.
31596 Michael Kerrisk [Bill Allombert]
31597 _GNU_SOURCE must be defined to obtain RUSAGE_THREAD definition
31598 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=746569
31602 Andy Lutomirski [Michael Kerrisk]
31603 Update AT_EMPTY_PATH and O_PATH documentation
31607 ERRORS: Add EADDRINUSE for ephemeral port range exhaustion
31611 Fix prototype for mbind(2)
31612 The nmask argument is const. The return type in numaif.h is long.
31613 (Well, at least <numaif.h> says nmask is const. The current kernel
31614 does not define it as a const argument, but sys_mbind() only
31615 passes it to get_nodes(), which does treat it as const.)
31618 Davidlohr Bueso [Michael Kerrisk]
31619 Enhance description of "full queue" criteria
31623 Add <signal.h> to synopsis for ppoll()
31624 One needs to #include <signal.h> to get the definition of the
31625 type (sigset_t) of the mask argument to ppoll().
31629 Fix return type of readlinkat()
31633 Clarify details of msg_name and msg_namelen fields
31637 Describe timeout bug
31638 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=75371
31639 and http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/5677
31642 Andy Lutomirski [Christoph Hellwig, Andy Lutomirski]
31643 remap_file_pages() has no benefit for real files
31644 Linux commit 3ee6dafc677a68e461a7ddafc94a580ebab80735 caused
31645 remap_file_pages to be emulated when used on real file.
31647 sched_get_priority_max.2
31649 'policy' can also be SCHED_DEADLINE
31651 sched_setaffinity.2
31653 Fix prototype for sched_setaffinity()
31654 The mask argument is const.
31658 ERRORS: mark errors that apply just for sched_setparam()
31660 ERRORS: Add EINVAL for invalid arguments
31662 SEE ALSO: add sched_setattr(2)
31664 sched_setscheduler.2
31666 ERRORS: mark errors that apply just to sched_setscheduler()
31668 ERRORS: add EINVAL case for pid < 0
31670 ERRORS: separate out EINVAL cases
31674 NOTES: Add subheadings and reorder paragraphs
31678 Fix prototypes for semop() and semtimedop()
31679 The nsops arguments have type size_t, not unsigned, and the
31680 timeout argument of semtimedop() is const.
31682 NOTES: Add a subheading
31686 Add details on various 'msghdr' fields
31688 ERRORS: Add EAGAIN for ephemeral port range exhaustion
31690 Add some subheadings under DESCRIPTION
31694 NOTES: Add a subheading
31697 Michael Kerrisk [Aurelien Jarno]
31698 Describe feature test macro requirements for file type test macros
31699 See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=728240
31701 Update FTM requirements for lstat()
31703 Split discussion of 'st_mode' fields into type and permissions
31705 Move text on S_I*() macros to follow text on S_I* macros
31706 That ordering is more logical
31710 Fix prototype for stime()
31711 The argument is const, both according to the actual header files and
31712 according to <http://www.sco.com/developers/devspecs/vol1a.pdf>.
31716 Fix prototype for syscall()
31717 The first argument and the return value of syscall() has type long,
31722 EXAMPLE: Add subheadings to distinguish the two example programs
31726 Reword text referring to mallopt(3)
31727 Linux libc is no longer "recent"; drop mention of it.
31729 pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3
31730 pthread_attr_setschedparam.3
31731 pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3
31732 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
31733 pthread_setschedparam.3
31734 pthread_setschedprio.3
31738 Change references to "sched_setscheduler(2)" to "sched(7)"
31739 Change consistent with the fact that the scheduling overview
31740 page is now sched(7) not sched_setscheduler(2).
31742 pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3
31744 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31745 The functions pthread_attr_setstackaddr() and
31746 pthread_attr_getstackaddr() are thread safe.
31748 pthread_attr_setstacksize.3
31750 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31751 The functions pthread_attr_setstacksize() and
31752 pthread_attr_getstacksize() are thread safe.
31756 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
31757 The function pthread_kill() is thread safe.
31759 pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3
31761 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
31762 The function pthread_kill_other_threads_np() is thread safe.
31766 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
31767 The function pthread_self() is thread safe.
31769 pthread_setcancelstate.3
31771 Add paragraph breaks to "Asynchronous cancelability" subsection
31773 pthread_setcancelstate.3
31775 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31776 The functions pthread_setcancelstate() and
31777 pthread_setcanceltype() are thread safe.
31779 NOTES: Add some subheadings
31781 pthread_setschedparam.3
31783 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31784 The functions pthread_setschedparam() and pthread_getschedparam()
31787 pthread_setschedprio.3
31789 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
31790 The function pthread_setschedprio() is thread safe.
31794 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
31795 The function pthread_sigmask() is thread safe.
31799 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
31800 The function pthread_sigqueue() is thread safe.
31802 pthread_testcancel.3
31804 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
31805 The function pthread_testcancel() is thread safe.
31809 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
31810 The function pthread_yield() is thread safe.
31814 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
31815 The functions remquo(), remquof() and remquol() are thread safe.
31819 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
31820 The function rtime() is thread safe.
31824 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
31825 The function sched_getcpu() is thread safe.
31829 Note some history of stpcpy()
31831 I just noticed that the stpcpy(3) manual contains a speculation
31832 that appears to be untrue on closer investigation: That function
31833 did not originate in MS DOS, but in Lattice C on AmigaDOS.
31835 Here is a patch against the git master HEAD to fix that, and add
31836 some more historical information. To provide some background and
31837 allow you to more easily verify the correctness of the patch, i'm
31838 appending my mail to <misc@openbsd.org>, where i'm giving some
31839 more details about the history and pointing to some primary
31840 sources. That mail also contains the (similar, but shorter)
31841 patch i just committed to the OpenBSD manual page.
31844 Michael Kerrisk [Aurelien Jarno, Török Edwin]
31845 Explain why strcasecmp()+strncasecmp() are also declared in <string.h>
31846 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=729436
31850 NOTES: Add a subheading
31853 Michael Kerrisk [Sam Varshavchik]
31854 Fix floppy disk device names
31855 The naming convention shown in the page was ancient.
31856 Now, the page is consistent with Documentation/devices.txt
31857 (where it is noted that "The use of the capital letters
31858 D, H and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
31859 the drive type is insignificant for these devices"
31863 Document /proc/timer_stats
31865 (Briefly) document /proc/timer_list
31867 Add /proc/sys/kernel/{sched_rt_period_us,sched_rt_runtime_us}
31868 Reference sched(7) for an explanation of these two files
31872 Mention sched_setattr(2) under CAP_SYS_NICE
31876 SEE ALSO: add sched(7)
31880 Mention sched_getattr() as a place where credentials are checked
31883 Heinrich Schuchardt [Jan Kara]
31884 BUGS: error events can be lost when reading from fanotify FD
31885 Michael Kerrisk [Heinrich Schuchardt]
31886 Fix description of FAN_EVENT_NEXT()
31887 FAN_EVENT_NEXT() does not update 'meta'; rather, it returns a
31888 pointer to the next metadata structure. In addition, generally
31889 rework the description to be a bit clearer and more detailed.
31890 Heinrich Schuchardt
31891 Document FAN_EVENT_METADATA_LEN
31895 Note cases where an ephemeral port is used
31897 Remove BUGS text on glibc failing to declare in_pktinfo
31899 Clarify 'ip_local_port_range' and mention the term "ephemeral ports"
31901 Note some more details about assignment of ephemeral ports
31903 BUGS: ephemeral port range exhaustion is diagnosed inconsistently
31904 Different system calls use different 'errno' values to diagnose
31905 exhaustion of the ephemeral port range.
31909 Document sched_rt_period_us and sched_rt_runtime_us /proc files
31910 And rework and relocate the text on dealing with runaway
31911 real-time processes.
31913 Mention sched_setattr(2) in list of APIs that can change policies
31915 sched_setattr(2) can also be used to set 'nice' value
31917 Remove mention of sched_setscheduler() when talking about sched_priority
31918 There are nowadays multiple ways to set sched_priority (and
31919 in fact there always were, since we also had sched_setparam(2)).
31921 SEE ALSO: Add Documentation/scheduler/sched-design-CFS.txt
31923 Don't mention sched_setscheduler(2) in discussions of setting policies
31924 In a couple of places, sched_setscheduler(2) is mentioned as the
31925 way of setting policies. But now there is sched_setattr(2) as
31926 well, rewrite the text in a more generic way.
31928 Rework summary text describing sched_setattr(2) and sched_getattr(2)
31929 Note that these APIs are a superset of sched_setscheduler(2)
31930 and sched_getscheduler(2).
31932 Remove crufty text relating to sched_setscheduler()
31933 All of the removed text is in sched_setscheduler(2) and
31934 should have been trimmed from this page.
31936 SEE ALSO: Mention more files in Documentation/scheduler/ directory
31939 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.68 ====================
31941 Released: 2014-05-28, Munich
31947 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
31948 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
31949 incorporated in changes in this release:
31951 Alastair McKinstry <mckinstry@computer.org>
31952 Carsten Grohmann <carstengrohmann@gmx.de>
31953 Colin Williams <colinwilliams1968@gmail.com>
31954 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
31955 Lars Wirzenius <liw@iki.fi>
31956 Marko Myllynen <myllynen@redhat.com>
31957 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
31958 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
31959 Rasmus Villemoes <rv@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
31960 Richard Braakman <richard.braakman@jollamobile.com>
31961 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
31963 Apologies if I missed anyone!
31966 New and rewritten pages
31967 -----------------------
31970 Marko Myllynen, Richard Braakman, Alastair McKinstry, Lars Wirzenius
31971 New page for localedef(1)
31972 Add new page based on Debian localedef(1) page.
31975 New and changed links
31976 ---------------------
31980 Since the term "procfs" is widely used, it seems reasonable to have
31981 a link from that name to proc(5).
31984 Changes to individual pages
31985 ---------------------------
31989 Provide a step-by-step example of how to use a custom locale
31991 Use LC_TELEPHONE instead of LC_MESSAGES in the example
31992 yesstr/nostr in LC_MESSAGES are planned to be changed at some
31993 point [1], so it's better to provide an example which won't
31994 be obsoleted by that change.
31996 [1] https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=16975
32000 Add feature test macro requirements
32004 ERRORS: add cross-reference to fork(2) for explanation of EAGAIN
32008 ERRORS: add pid_max and threads-max to EAGAIN
32009 And rewrite text to be the same as pthread_create(3).
32013 RLIMIT_NPROC is not enforced if CAP_SYS_ADMIN or CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
32018 The pgoff argument has type size_t, not ssize_t (and in the
32019 kernel it is unsigned long).
32023 Fix prototype for set_mempolicy(2)
32024 The nodemask argument is const. The return type in numaif.h is long.
32028 Remove header from synopsis
32029 The <asm/page.h> header is not readily available, and the comment
32030 seems to indicate that it is for getting PAGE_SIZE. But it is
32031 never mentioned why one would need to know that, and it is in any
32032 case better obtained using sysconf(), provided by <unistd.h>.
32036 Fix prototype for a64l()
32037 The argument is const, both according to POSIX and the
32042 Add required header
32043 The prototype for adjtime(3) is declared in <sys/time.h>.
32048 Update the prototypes of argz_{delete,extract,next} to agree with
32049 glibc headers and manual.
32054 The length parameter n has type size_t in bcmp(), bcopy() and
32060 The envz_len parameters for envz_entry() and envz_get() are not
32061 passed by reference.
32066 The path argument to pathconf() is const.
32071 The pos argument to fsetpos() is const.
32076 The ndigit parameter to gcvt() has type int.
32081 The pointer arguments to gai_suspend() are const.
32086 There doesn't seem to be any reason for getauxval.3 to be
32092 The hostlen and servlen parameters have type socklen_t.
32093 (The types changed in glibc 2.2)
32095 Note types of 'hostlen'; and 'servlen' in glibc < 2.2
32100 The argument to getrpcbyname() is const.
32104 Add #include and fix prototype
32105 The prototype for getrpcport() is obtained by #include'ing
32106 <rpc/rpc.h>. Also, update its prototype.
32111 The struct spwd argument to putspent() is const.
32116 The arguments to getutid(), getutline(), and pututline()
32122 The parameters to inet_makeaddr have type in_addr_t.
32127 Use a consistent style throughout the man-pages.
32132 Remove const qualifiers from arguments to key_decryptsession,
32133 key_encryptsession, and key_setsecret.
32138 The second argument to swapcontext() is const.
32143 gnu_dev_makedev, and hence its trivial macro wrapper makedev, takes
32144 two unsigned int parameters; this is consistent with it being the
32145 inverse of (gnu_dev_)major/minor, which return unsigned int.
32150 As mentioned further down, malloc_trim returns an integer.
32155 The newattr parameter to mq_setattr is const.
32159 List all available category masks
32161 Add LC_ALL_MASK description
32165 Expand the example code a bit
32166 Better illustrate querying elements from different categories.
32171 The elements of the array sys_errlist are also const.
32173 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
32174 pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3
32175 pthread_attr_setguardsize.3
32176 pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3
32177 pthread_attr_setschedparam.3
32178 pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3
32179 pthread_attr_setscope.3
32180 pthread_attr_setstack.3
32181 pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3
32182 pthread_attr_setstacksize.3
32184 Constify parameters
32185 Each of the pthread_attr_get* functions extract some piece of
32186 information from a pthread_attr_t, which is passed by const
32187 reference. Add the const keyword to the prototypes of these
32190 pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np.3
32191 Michael Kerrisk [Rasmus Villemoes]
32192 Add feature test macro requirements
32195 Michael Kerrisk [Carsten Grohmann]
32196 Add pid_max limit to EAGAIN error cases
32200 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32201 The function pthread_equal() is thread safe.
32205 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32206 The function pthread_exit() is thread safe.
32208 pthread_getcpuclockid.3
32210 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32211 The function pthread_getcpuclockid() is thread safe.
32213 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
32215 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
32216 The functions pthread_setaffinity_np() and
32217 pthread_getaffinity_np() are thread safe.
32219 pthread_setconcurrency.3
32221 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
32222 The functions pthread_setconcurrency() and
32223 pthread_getconcurrency() are thread safe.
32225 pthread_setname_np.3
32228 The name parameter of pthread_getname_np is an output parameter and
32231 pthread_setschedparam.3
32234 Add return type for pthread_{s,g}etschedparam.
32236 pthread_setschedprio.3
32239 Add return type for pthread_setschedprio.
32243 Add missing #include <signal.h>
32248 Unlike the BSDs, the second argument of rcmd() and rcmd_af() has
32249 type unsigned short.
32250 The first argument of iruserok_af() has type const void*.
32255 re_comp and re_exec take const char* arguments.
32259 Fix prototypes and extern-declaration
32260 Fix const- and signedness of various char* parameters.
32262 Also, there is no "struct state", but _res is a struct
32263 __res_state. (Actually, _res is errno-like in that it is really a
32264 macro expanding to (*__res_state()).)
32269 The user, passwd and cmd arguments to rexec and rexec_af are all
32275 The header <rpc/des_crypt.h> does not provide rtime();
32276 <rpc/auth_des.h> does, as is also implied in both the NOTES and
32282 The alphasort and versionsort functions take arguments of type
32283 const struct dirent **, not const void *.
32286 Michael Kerrisk [Marko Myllynen]
32287 Simplify locale category listing and add GNU-specific locale categories
32288 Some information that was here will move to locale(7).
32290 Remove now obsolete NOTES section
32295 The buflen argument to getnetgrent_r has type size_t.
32300 The vec argument to sigvec is const.
32305 The rootp argument to tfind is "void * const *",
32306 not "const void **".
32310 Core dump files are nowadays core.pid by default
32314 Document mon_grouping and grouping properly
32316 Note default value for 'first_workday'
32317 Michael Kerrisk [Marko Myllynen]
32318 Add brief descriptions of collating-element and collating-symbol
32320 t_fmt_ampm is needed only for locales that employ AM/PM convention
32321 Michael Kerrisk [Marko Myllynen]
32322 Remove crufty reference to /usr/lib/nls/src
32323 That file is nowhere to be found
32325 Clarify LC_TIME/am_pm and LC_NAME keywords usage
32326 am_pm should be defined only if AM/PM convention is used to signal
32327 applications they should not try to print them when using them in
32330 Same for all LC_NAME keywords expect for name_fmt which should be
32333 Clarify lang_term / lang_lib
32334 As noted by Keld Simonsen in the lib-locales@sourceware mailing
32337 https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-locales/2014-q2/msg00008.html
32338 From: Keld Simonsen <keld at rap dot rap dot dk>
32339 To: Marko Myllynen <myllynen at redhat dot com>
32340 Date: Tue, 29 Apr 2014 17:02:09 +0200
32342 lang_term reflects ISO 639-2/T (terminology) codes, while
32343 lang_lib reflects ISO 639-2/B (bibliographic) codes.
32344 lang_term is preferred over lang_lib codes for locale names.
32345 There are 20 specific ISO 639-2/B codes.
32347 Correct the FILES section
32351 'pid_max' is a system-wide limit on number of threads and processes
32352 Since PIDs > /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max are not allocated, this
32353 file thus also imposes a system-wide limit on the number of
32354 threads and processes.
32358 CAP_SYS_ADMIN allows overriding RLIMIT_NPROC
32360 CAP_SYS_PTRACE allows process_vm_readv(2) and process_vm_writev(2)
32363 Michael Kerrisk [Marko Myllynen]
32364 Remove crufty statement that Romanian may be switching to ISO 8859-16
32366 Remove ancient paragraph on charsets supported in glibc 2.3.2
32367 That test is rather ancient, and probably of little use.
32370 Heinrich Schuchardt
32371 Fix to example program: fanotify read() should use aligned buffer
32374 Heinrich Schuchardt
32375 Add example program
32376 This example of the usage of the inotify API shows the
32377 usage of inotify_init1(2) and inotify_add_watch(2) as well
32378 as polling and reading from the inotify file descriptor.
32379 Heinrich Schuchardt
32380 munmap() does not generate inotify events
32383 Marko Myllynen [Michael Kerrisk]
32384 Document the LOCPATH environment variable
32386 Add further details on various categories
32390 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.69 ====================
32392 Released: 2014-06-14, Munich
32398 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
32399 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
32400 incorporated in changes in this release:
32402 Cyril Hrubis <chrubis@suse.cz>
32403 Jan Chaloupka <jchaloup@redhat.com>
32404 Jeff Layton <jlayton@poochiereds.net>
32405 Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
32406 KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
32407 Marko Myllynen <myllynen@redhat.com>
32408 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
32409 NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
32410 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
32411 Petr Gajdos <pgajdos@suse.cz>
32412 Qian Lei <qianl.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
32413 Rasmus Villemoes <rv@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
32414 Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com>
32415 Walter Harms <wharms@bfs.de>
32416 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
32418 Apologies if I missed anyone!
32421 New and rewritten pages
32422 -----------------------
32425 Marko Myllynen [Michael Kerrisk]
32426 New page for the iconv(1) command
32430 New page for iconvconfig(8)
32433 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
32434 ---------------------------------------------
32437 Jeff Layton, Michael Kerrisk
32438 Document open file description locks
32439 As provided by the fcntl() operations F_OFD_SETLK,
32440 F_OFD_SETLKW, and F_OFD_GETLK
32443 Changes to individual pages
32444 ---------------------------
32448 Add FILES section, add charmap(5) reference
32450 Align with recent charmap(5) / repertoiremap(5) changes
32453 Michael Kerrisk [NeilBrown]
32454 Before kernel 2.6.0, RLIMIT_NPROC had no effect for set*uid()
32455 Michael Kerrisk [Vasiliy Kulikov]
32456 RLIMIT_NPROC is checked only if preceded by set*uid()
32457 Michael Kerrisk [Vasiliy Kulikov, NeilBrown, KOSAKI Motohiro]
32458 Document EAGAIN error
32459 See also https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42704
32463 Detail the limitations of traditional (process-associated) locks
32464 Michael Kerrisk [Jeff Layton]
32465 Describe how to check whether the kernel supports a particular command
32467 ERRORS: add EINVAL for invalid 'cmd'
32469 Add para introducing advisory locks and noting existence of OFD locks
32470 Michael Kerrisk [Jeff Layton]
32471 Add notes on F_SETLKW deadlock detection and its limitations
32473 Add an explicit note that mandatory locking is not in POSIX
32475 Rewrite introductory paragraphs on mandatory locking
32476 Make the structure more logical, and also explicitly mention
32478 Michael Kerrisk [Jeff Layton]
32479 Reword discussion of mandatory lock bug a little
32480 Jeff Layton confirmed that the bug remains even in modern kernels.
32482 Explain POSIX background to EACCES/EAGAIN error for F_GETLK
32484 Add NOTES subhead for record locking and NFS
32485 Michael Kerrisk [NeilBrown]
32486 Note treatment of locks when an NFS client loses contact with the server
32487 Michael Kerrisk [Jeff Layton]
32488 nfsv4leasetime controls the "contact lost" interval for NFSv4
32492 In some modern BSDs, fcntl() and flock() locks do interact
32493 So, reword and extend the discussion of this topic in NOTES.
32495 Move NOTES text describing implementation of flock()
32496 Michael Kerrisk [NeilBrown]
32497 Add more details on NFS, including Linux 2.6.37 changes
32498 Also: move NOTES text describing interaction of fcntl()
32503 Add notes on inheritance of flock() and OFD locks across fork()
32507 Add reference to open(2) for discussion of file descriptors and OFDs
32511 Rework and extend the discussion of open file descriptions
32513 open_by_handle_at.2
32515 Add reference to feature_test_macros(7)
32519 Add reference to feature_test_macros(7)
32522 Michael Kerrisk [Kirill A. Shutemov]
32523 Note that remap_file_pages() is deprecated
32527 Add reference to feature_test_macros(7)
32531 seteuid() and setegid() are implemented as library functions
32533 Error checking should always be performed, even when caller is UID 0
32537 Document EAGAIN error that can occur after kernel alloc_uid() failure
32539 Since Linux 3.1, the EAGAIN case for RLIMIT_NPROC no longer occurs
32541 Correct the description of the EAGAIN error
32543 Error checking should always be performed, even when caller is UID 0
32547 Document EAGAIN error that can occur after kernel alloc_uid() failure
32549 Error checking should always be performed, even when caller is UID 0
32551 Add EAGAIN error for hitting RLIMIT_NPROC limit
32553 Since Linux 3.1, the EAGAIN case for RLIMIT_NPROC no longer occurs
32557 Document EAGAIN error that can occur after kernel alloc_uid() failure
32559 Correct the description of the EAGAIN error
32561 Error checking should always be performed, even when caller is UID 0
32563 Since Linux 3.1, the EAGAIN case for RLIMIT_NPROC no longer occurs
32567 Update MAGIC constants
32568 Most of the updates are taken from /usr/include/linux/magic.h,
32569 some were found by grepping the Linux source code.
32570 Cyril Hrubis [Michael Kerrisk]
32571 fstatfs(2) was broken on file descriptors from pipe(2)
32575 Note that remap_file_pages() is deprecated
32579 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
32580 The functions basename() and dirname() are thread safe.
32584 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32585 The function catgets() is thread safe.
32589 Use blank definition of _GNU_SOURCE in example program
32593 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32594 The function getdirentries() is thread safe.
32598 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32599 The function getdtablesize() is thread safe.
32602 Qian Lei [Peng Haitao]
32603 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32604 The function iconv() is thread safe.
32606 SEE ALSO: add iconvconfig(8)
32609 Qian Lei [Peng Haitao]
32610 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32611 The function lockf() is thread safe.
32615 SYNOPSIS: use correct header
32616 The nonstandard functions malloc_set_state() and
32617 malloc_get_state() are provided by <malloc.h> not <stdlib.h>.
32619 malloc_usable_size.3
32621 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32622 The function malloc_usable_size() is thread safe.
32625 Qian Lei [Peng Haitao]
32626 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32627 The function matherr() is thread safe.
32631 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32632 The function mkdtemp() is thread safe.
32636 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
32637 The functions mkstemp(), mkostemp(), mkstemps() and mkostemps()
32642 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32643 The function mq_close() is thread safe.
32647 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32648 The functions mq_getattr() and mq_setattr() are thread safe.
32652 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32653 The function mq_open() is thread safe.
32657 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
32658 The functions mq_receive() and mq_timedreceive() are thread safe.
32662 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
32663 The functions mq_send() and mq_timedsend() are thread safe.
32667 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32668 The function mq_unlink() is thread safe.
32672 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32673 The function posix_fallocate() is thread safe.
32677 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32678 The function posix_openpt() is thread safe.
32682 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
32683 The function siginterrupt() is not thread safe.
32687 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
32688 The function system() is thread safe.
32692 Update to match current glibc
32693 charmap(5) was outdated, bring it to closer to reality by fixing
32694 syntax descriptions to match current glibc code and practices,
32695 adding missing options, removing obsolete comments and references,
32696 and removing now incorrect examples.
32700 Clarify AM/PM settings a bit
32701 localedef(1) complains if really undefined, should be empty instead.
32702 Also: add some SEE ALSO references.
32704 Document glibc conventions regarding days and week
32705 Based on existing practice and glibc community wiki page at
32706 https://sourceware.org/glibc/wiki/Locales
32709 Michael Kerrisk [Jan Chaloupka, Walter Harms]
32710 Add a brief description of /proc/fs
32714 New page for repertoiremap(5)
32715 Rather obsolete feature but localedef(1) refers to repertoiremaps.
32719 Describe 'rootflags' and 'rootdelay' kernel parameters
32720 Patch based on text from Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
32724 Update to reflect past developments
32725 Rewrite the introduction to make Unicode's prominence more obvious.
32726 Reformulate parts of the text to reflect current Unicode world.
32727 Minor clarification for ASCII/ISO sections, some other minor fixes.
32729 List CJK encodings in the order of C, J, K
32733 SEE ALSO: add env(1), printenv(1), ld.so(8)
32737 Add some SEE ALSO references
32741 Note that .TH 'date' field is nowadays automatically updated by scripts
32745 Describe EINTR semantics for recvmmsg(2)
32747 Clarify text describing EINTR semantics for socket interfaces
32751 Update to reflect past developments
32752 The unicode(7) page will look more modern with few small changes:
32754 - drop old BUGS section, editors cope with UTF-8 ok these days,
32755 and perhaps the state-of-the-art is better described elsewhere
32756 anyway than in a man page
32757 - drop old suggestion about avoiding combined characters
32758 - refer to LANANA for Linux zone, add registry file reference
32759 - drop a reference to an inactive/dead mailing list
32760 - update some reference URLs
32764 Drop an old comment about UTF-8 replacing ISO 8859
32765 And add locale(1) under SEE ALSO.
32768 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.70 ====================
32770 Released: 2014-07-08, Munich
32776 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
32777 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
32778 incorporated in changes in this release:
32780 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
32781 Elie De Brauwer <eliedebrauwer@gmail.com>
32782 Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
32783 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
32784 Marko Myllynen <myllynen@redhat.com>
32785 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
32786 Nadav Har'El <nyh@math.technion.ac.il>
32787 NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
32788 Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
32789 Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@crashcourse.ca>
32790 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
32791 Tomi Salminen <tlsalmin@gmail.com>
32792 Walter Harms <wharms@bfs.de>
32793 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
32794 Кирилл <kirillnow@gmail.com>
32796 Apologies if I missed anyone!
32799 New and rewritten pages
32800 -----------------------
32803 Michael Kerrisk [Marko Myllynen]
32804 New page for the glibc sprof(1) command
32807 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
32808 ---------------------------------------------
32812 Document EPOLLWAKEUP
32816 Document EPOLLWAKEUP
32819 Changes to individual pages
32820 ---------------------------
32825 Clarify gconv file terminology a bit
32829 SEE ALSO: add sprof(1)
32833 ERRORS: add EPROTOTYPE
32834 See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=708394
32837 Michael Kerrisk [Rich Felker]
32838 Fix erroneous discussion regarding closing 'newfd' before calling dup2()
32839 And propose a workaround if the caller cares about catching
32840 close() time errors.
32842 See http://stackoverflow.com/questions/23440216/race-condition-when-using-dup2#comment36888604_23444465
32843 and http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=411
32845 Rework and enhance discussion of dup2()
32846 In particular, note that dup2() performs the steps of closing
32847 and reusing 'newfd' atomically.
32849 Add subhead for dup3()
32853 BUGS: EPOLLWAKEUP is silently ignored without CAP_BLOCK_SUSPEND
32854 If the caller does not have CAP_BLOCK_SUSPEND, then EPOLLWAKEUP
32855 is silently ignored.
32858 Michael Kerrisk [Tomi Salminen]
32859 The return value for F_SETPIPE_SZ is the pipe capacity
32861 ERRORS: Document ENOTDIR error for F_NOTIFY
32863 Use proper page cross-references in F_NOTIFY discussion
32865 Suggest the use of real-time signals with F_NOTIFY
32869 Rewrite a few pieces to clarify some details
32871 inotify_add_watch.2
32873 Clarify that the target of a watch is an i-node
32874 The target of a watch is an i-node, not a pathname. Clarify
32875 the text to prevent the reader possibly misunderstanding
32876 that establishing watches by two different links to the same
32877 file might create different watch descriptors.
32880 Michael Kerrisk [Кирилл]
32881 O_CLOEXEC is also one the flags not ignored when O_PATH is specified
32885 PIPE_BUF is defined in limits.h
32886 To make use of PIPE_BUF in an application one should include
32887 <limits.h>. Adding a reference to this inclusion.
32890 Michael Kerrisk [Nadav Har'El]
32891 The negate-fd-to-ignore technique does not work for file descriptor 0
32892 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=79411
32895 Michael Kerrisk [Rich Felker]
32896 Use "thread" rather than "process" in DESCRIPTION
32898 SEE ALSO: add gettid(2)
32902 Explain SHMLBA in much more detail
32906 Document EAGAIN error
32907 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=48641
32912 While trying to reconcile the new features in glibc with the
32913 documented entries in the linux kernel man pages I noticed that
32914 glibc exports prlimit64 for use by 32-bit applications (as does
32915 the linux kernel), but that prlimit64 was not defined in the
32916 syscalls list or in the prlimit-related page.
32918 This is not the complete fix for this, but I don't have the time
32919 to explain why and when prlimit64 should be used (or how it should
32920 be used safely). Therefore I'm just patching the syscalls.2 list
32921 to show that prlimit64 exists and was added in 2.6.36 (verified
32922 with git by checking out the tags before and after).
32926 Rework introductory paragraph
32927 Michael Kerrisk [Robert P. J. Day]
32928 Rework text describing loglevels
32929 The kernel header file mentioned in the discussion of the KERN_*
32930 constants has morphed and is no longer exported inside glibc.
32931 And the definitions of the constants themselves changed subtly
32932 with kernel commit 04d2c8c83d0e3ac5f78aeede51babb3236200112.
32933 So, rewrite the description of the constants to be a bit more
32936 Rewrite parts of the page, and import /proc/sys/kernel/printk
32937 * Move /proc/sys/kernel/printk from proc(5) to this page,
32938 and correct various details in the discussion of that file.
32939 * Rewrite and correct various other details on the page.
32940 * Clean out some crufty text.
32941 * Miscellaneous minor fixes.
32943 Update SYSLOG_ACTION_CONSOLE_OFF + SYSLOG_ACTION_CONSOLE_ON description
32944 Details changed in Linux 2.6.32
32948 Document EAGAIN error
32949 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=48641
32953 Document EAGAIN error
32954 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=48641
32958 Make description of ether_line() bug a little more informative
32961 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer]
32962 MALLOC_MMAP_THRESHOLD_ and MALLOC_MMAP_MAX_ *do* work in setgid programs
32963 My testing on this point was bogus, overlooking details of
32964 strace(1)'s behavior with setuid programs.
32966 See https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12155
32969 Michael Kerrisk [Rich Felker]
32970 Remove libc4 and libc5 details
32971 Rich Felker noted that "scare text" in the man page warned about
32972 the use of snprintf() on libc, and that some people had cited
32973 this as a reason not to use snprintf(). Linux libc is now
32974 ancient history, so there is no real need to keep that text.
32975 But, while we're at it, we may as well clear out all of the
32976 other ancient libc4 and libc5 pieces in the page. They are
32977 nowadays more clutter than help.
32979 SUSv3 and later agree with C99 for the snprintf() return value
32980 Determined by inspection of the SUSv3 and SUSv4 specifications.
32982 Remove some old text about glibc 2.0 changes
32983 We probably don't now need such ancient info.
32985 Update references to standards for C and S conversion specifiers
32989 SEE ALSO: add sprof(1)
32993 Various minor updates and improvements
32994 - more precise title
32995 - extend description a bit
32996 - document previously omitted WIDTH_DEFAULT
32998 Remove accidental ISO C compliance reference
32999 glibc refers in locale/programs/charmap.c to ISO C 99 section
33000 7.17.(2) and ISO C 99 section 5.2.1.(3) that if a character map
33001 is not ASCII compatible then the locale using it is not ISO C
33002 compliant. This does not state anything about the character set
33007 Replace /proc/sys/kernel/printk discussion with reference to syslog(2)
33008 It makes more sense to have the /proc/sys/kernel/printk with
33009 the related material in syslog(2).
33011 Rewrite /proc/sys/kernel/printk description
33015 Clarify which events are generated for watched directories
33016 Really, with respect to watched directories, events fall into
33017 three classes (not two, as was shown):
33019 * Events that can be generated only for the watched directory.
33020 * Events that can be generated only for objects that are inside
33021 the watched directory.
33022 * Events that can be generated both for the watched directory
33023 and for objects inside the directory.
33025 So, mark these three classes more clearly in the list of inotify
33027 Heinrich Schuchardt [Michael Kerrisk]
33028 BUGS: Note possible bug triggered by watch descriptor reuse
33029 Watch descriptor IDs are returned by inotify_add_watch().
33030 When calling inotify_rm_watch() an IN_IGNORED is placed on the
33031 inotify queue pointing to the ID of the removed watch.
33033 inotify_add_watch() should not return a watch descriptor ID for
33034 which events are still on the queue but should return an
33037 Unfortunately, the existing Kernel code does not provide such a
33040 Actually, in rare cases watch descriptor IDs are returned by
33041 inotify_add_watch() for which events are still on the inotify
33044 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=77111
33046 Add further detail to the watch descriptor reuse bug
33047 As well as inotify_rm_watch(), file deletion and unmounting a
33048 filesystem can also cause a watch descriptor to be deleted.
33050 The watch descriptor reuse bug may be hard to hit in practice
33051 Explain the circumstances in detail, indicating that the
33052 bug may be very unlikely to occur in practice.
33054 Clarify description of IN_EXCL_UNLINK
33055 Clarify the text a little, in particular making it clearer
33056 that the target of a watch is an i-node (not a pathname).
33058 Clarify IN_ONESHOT explanation
33059 Make it clearer that the target of monitoring is an i-node,
33062 Make comment on 'mask' field more accurate
33066 Clarify man-pages policy on documenting C libraries other than glibc
33068 Use absolute dates in discussion of libc vs glibc
33072 Add reference that the pipe capacity can be changed
33073 In fcntl(2) F_SETPIPE_SZ, F_GETPIPE_SZ and
33074 /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size are defined, however
33075 pipe(7) still defines the pipe capacity as being
33076 a static entity. Adding a reference to fcntl(2).
33077 Michael Kerrisk [Walter Harms]
33078 Clarify that since 2.6.35, 65535 bytes is the default pipe capacity
33082 Clarify that LD_PROFILE can specify just a single shared object
33084 Clarify that LD_PROFILE output is appended to target file
33085 The LD_PROFILE output is appended to any existing
33086 contents of the target file.
33088 SEE ALSO: add sprof(1)
33091 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.71 ====================
33093 Released: 2014-08-17, Chicago
33099 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
33100 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
33101 incorporated in changes in this release:
33103 Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
33104 Damir Nedzibovic <d.nedzibovic@anoxtech.com>
33105 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
33106 D. Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
33107 Jakub Wilk <jwilk@debian.org>
33108 Jan Chaloupka <jchaloup@redhat.com>
33109 Marko Myllynen <myllynen@redhat.com>
33110 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
33111 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
33112 NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
33113 Paul Jackson <pj@usa.net>
33114 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
33115 Rahul Bedarkar <rahulbedarkar89@gmail.com>
33116 Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
33117 Ryan Hammonds <rhammonds@unicoi.com>
33118 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
33119 Ville Ylenius <ville@ylenius.net>
33120 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
33121 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
33123 Apologies if I missed anyone!
33126 New and rewritten pages
33127 -----------------------
33131 New page documenting group_member(3)
33135 New page documenting isfdtype(3)
33138 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
33139 ---------------------------------------------
33143 Document new comm_exec flag
33144 Linux 3.16 (more specifically, commit 82b897782d10fcc4 )
33145 added support for differentiating between process renames
33146 caused by exec versus those caused by other methods.
33148 Document new mmap2 record type
33149 Linux 3.16 (more specifically, commit a5a5ba72843dd05f9 )
33150 enabled the enhanced mmap2 record support.
33151 The interface was added in Linux 3.12 but disabled until
33154 Document PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_COND
33155 Linux 3.16 (more specifically, commit bac52139f0b7ab31330 )
33156 adds support for gathering PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_COND
33157 conditional branch values when doing PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK
33162 Document /proc/PID/comm
33164 Document /proc/PID/pagemap
33166 Document /proc/PID/personality
33168 Document /proc/PID/syscall
33170 Document /proc/kpagecount
33172 Document /proc/kpageflags
33174 Document /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_kbytes
33179 CAP_AUDIT_READ is new in Linux 3.16.
33244 Remove ancient Linux libc details
33256 sched_setaffinity.2
33265 NOTES: add "C library/kernel ABI differences" subheading
33268 Changes to individual pages
33269 ---------------------------
33273 Glibc falls back to using access() on kernels that lack faccessat()
33280 Change "sync(1)" to "sync(8)"
33283 Michael Kerrisk [Ryan Hammonds]
33284 Correct EINVAL error description
33285 As pointed out by Ryan:
33287 My application is trying to bind an IPv4 UDP socket to an
33288 address. I've found that passing an invalid address length
33289 to bind() causes bind to return EINVAL. According to the
33290 bind(2) manpage, this should only occur when using unix
33291 domain sockets (which I am not).
33295 Glibc falls back to chmod() on kernels that don't support fchmodat()
33297 Glibc falls back to chown()/lchown() on kernels that lack fchownat()
33301 NOTES: describe raw epoll_pwait() system call differences
33305 SEE ALSO: add group_member(3)
33309 Enhance discussion of kernel nice range versus user-space nice range
33311 Move text describing nice range on other systems
33315 Add cross reference to core(5) in discussion of RLIMIT_CORE
33317 Describe the "large" resource limit bug on 32-bit platforms
33318 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5042.
33320 Glibc's setrlimit() and getrlimit() are implemented using prlimit()
33324 Note limit of 16 for 'nr_segments'
33326 Clarify the 'flags' bits that contain the architecture
33328 Add KEXEC_ARCH_68K to list of architectures for 'flags'
33330 Reword description of 'flags' a little
33334 Glibc falls back to link() on kernels that lack linkat()
33335 Unless 'flags' contains AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW.
33339 Glibc falls back to mkdir() on kernels that don't support mkdirat()
33343 Clarify PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER usage
33344 This clarifies the PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER section.
33345 I found these issue while implementing some code that uses
33346 the option. The important change is fixing the name of the
33347 sample_stack_user parameter, the rest is just some wording
33348 fixes and minor clarifications.
33350 Clarify PERF_SAMPLE_DATA_SRC usage
33351 When checking the fields in the PERF_SAMPLE_DATA_SRC type samples
33352 you need to shift the masks before doing the compare.
33354 Although the value you are checking (perf_mem_data_src) is
33355 specified as a bitfield so this might all fall apart if trying
33356 to access the field in a cross-endian way. The Power people
33357 were working on this issue, not sure if they resolved it.
33361 Describe fifth argument (sigsetsize) of raw ppoll() system call
33364 Michael Kerrisk [Ville Ylenius]
33365 Fix typo in example program
33369 Glibc falls back to readlink() on kernels that lack readlinkat()
33373 'addrlen' should be NULL (not 0) if we don't need sender address
33377 Glibc falls back to rename() when the kernel doesn't have renameat()
33381 The raw sigtimedwait() system call has a fifth argument
33385 Glibc falls back to symlink() on kernels that lack symlinkat()
33389 Add VERSIONS section
33393 Glibc falls back to unlink() or rmdir() on kernels that lack unlinkat()
33397 Downgrade discussion of atoq()
33398 Remove most references to atoq() in this page, since this function
33399 was present only in Linux libc (not glibc).
33405 Update version number on "Not yet in glibc" sentence
33411 Michael Kerrisk [Rob Landley]
33412 Clarify that 'gr_mem' is a NULL-terminated array of pointers
33416 Add VERSIONS section
33420 Add VERSIONS section
33424 Document ENOENT error
33425 And add an entry to BUGS explaining the ambiguity that was
33426 present before the addition of this error.
33430 SEE ALSO: add group_member(3)
33434 Close opened file at end of example program
33438 Rewrite text of glibc 2.0 bug
33441 Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Wilk]
33442 Clarify details of the %n conversion specifier
33443 See http://bugs.debian.org/756602
33444 Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Wilk]
33445 Note use of 'j', 'z', and 't' length modifiers for '%n'
33446 See http://bugs.debian.org/756602
33448 Update with some SUSv3 details
33452 Remove ancient Linux libc and 4.x BSD details
33456 Remove discussion of Linux libc bugs
33457 Linux libc is old enough that we needn't care any longer.
33461 Explain NAN(n-char-sequence)
33465 SEE ALSO: add nan(3), nanf(3), NANL(3)
33469 Replace AVAILABILITY section with note to link logwtmp() using -lutil
33470 Linux libc details are no longer needed these days.
33474 Close opened file in example program
33478 Fix kernel version numbers for /proc/PID/stat fields
33482 Add missing proc stats fields
33483 Adding missing proc stats fields from
33484 https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
33485 Michael Kerrisk [Simon Paillard]
33486 Remove crufty text under 'timer_stats'
33488 Update /proc/PID/stat 'state' field documentation
33490 Improve description of /proc/PID/stat fields added in Linux 3.3 and 3.5
33492 Refer to getauxval(3) in discussion of /proc/PID/auxv
33494 Rework formatting of /proc/PID/stat list
33495 Make the field numbers more prominent.
33497 Note that /proc/PID/cmdline is read-only
33499 Rework discussion of CommitLimit and /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory
33501 Improve discussion of /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_ratio
33504 David Prévot [Marko Myllynen]
33506 Remove German from main list, to be consistent with earlier
33507 removal of Dutch and French (in commit a8ed5f7430e0d1).
33511 Note that IN_ONLY_DIR can be used to avoid races
33513 Note that insertion of IN_MOVED_FROM+IN_MOVED_TO pair is not atomic
33515 Mention use of timeout when reading IN_MOVED_TO after IN_MOVED_FROM
33519 Add description of "C library/kernel ABI differences" subsection
33521 Rework text describing sections (stylistic improvements)
33525 Add new i386 vdso symbols in Linux 3.15
33527 Note kernel version that exports new i386 symbols (Linux 3.15)
33530 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.72 ====================
33532 Released: 2014-09-07, Mountain View
33538 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
33539 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
33540 incorporated in changes in this release:
33542 Christian von Roques <roques@mti.ag>
33543 Holger Hans Peter Freyther <holger@moiji-mobile.com>
33544 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
33545 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
33546 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
33547 Peter Schiffer <pschiffe@redhat.com>
33548 Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
33549 Sorin Dumitru <sdumitru@ixiacom.com>
33551 Apologies if I missed anyone!
33554 New and rewritten pages
33555 -----------------------
33558 Peter Schiffer, Michael Kerrisk [Jan Chaloupka]
33559 New page for glibc memusage(1) command
33562 Peter Schiffer [Jan Chaloupka, Michael Kerrisk]
33563 New page for glibc memusagestat(1) command
33566 Peter Schiffer [Jan Chaloupka]
33567 New page describing the glibc mtrace(1) command
33570 Changes to individual pages
33571 ---------------------------
33575 Note that a new socket should be used if connect() fails
33579 One must define _GNU_SOURCE to get the F_OFD_* definitions
33583 Fix erroneous description of "available for write".
33584 POSIX says: "POLLOUT Normal data may be written without
33585 blocking.". This "may" is misleading, see the POSIX
33588 Write requests to a pipe or FIFO shall be handled in the
33589 same way as a regular file with the following exceptions:
33591 If the O_NONBLOCK flag is clear, a write request may cause
33592 the thread to block, but on normal completion it shall
33595 When attempting to write to a file descriptor (other than a
33596 pipe or FIFO) that supports non-blocking writes and cannot
33597 accept the data immediately:
33599 If the O_NONBLOCK flag is clear, write() shall block the
33600 calling thread until the data can be accepted.
33602 If the O_NONBLOCK flag is set, write() shall not block the
33603 thread. If some data can be written without blocking the
33604 thread, write() shall write what it can and return the
33605 number of bytes written. Otherwise, it shall return -1 and
33606 set errno to [EAGAIN].
33608 The net result is that write() of more than 1 byte on a
33609 socket, pipe or FIFO which is "ready" may block: write()
33610 (unlike read!) will attempt to write the entire buffer and
33611 only return a short write under exceptional circumstances.
33613 Indeed, this is the behaviour we see in Linux:
33615 https://github.com/rustyrussell/ccan/commit/897626152d12d7fd13a8feb36989eb5c8c1f3485
33616 https://plus.google.com/103188246877163594460/posts/BkTGTMHDFgZ
33620 SEE ALSO: add errno(1)
33623 Holger Hans Peter Freyther
33624 Fix parameters for the send() call in the example
33628 IN_OPEN and IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE can also occur for directories
33630 IN_CLOSE_WRITE occurs only for files (not monitored directory)
33632 IN_MODIFY is generated for files only (not monitored directories)
33634 IN_ACCESS occurs only for files inside directories
33635 IN_ACCESS does not occur for monitored directory.
33640 It looks like most of the socket options from this man pages
33641 are not defined in <netpacket/packet.h>. They are defined in
33642 <linux/if_packet.h> so we should include that one.
33645 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.73 ====================
33647 Released: 2014-09-21, Munich
33653 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
33654 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
33655 incorporated in changes in this release:
33657 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
33658 Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
33659 J. Bruce Fields <bfields@fieldses.org>
33660 Justin Cormack <justin@street-vision.com>
33661 Lorenzo Beretta <lory.fulgi@infinito.it>
33662 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
33663 Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
33664 Serge E. Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
33665 Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com>
33666 Vasily Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com>
33667 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.net>
33668 Vitaly Rybnikov <frodox@zoho.com>
33669 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
33671 Apologies if I missed anyone!
33674 New and rewritten pages
33675 -----------------------
33678 Michael Kerrisk [Eric W. Biederman]
33679 New page providing overview of Linux namespaces
33682 Michael Kerrisk [Eric W. Biederman, Vasily Kulikov, Rob Landley,
33684 New page describing PID namespaces
33687 Michael Kerrisk [Eric W. Biederman, Andy Lutomirski, Serge Hallyn]
33688 New page describing user namespaces.
33691 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
33692 ---------------------------------------------
33695 Eric W. Biederman [Michael Kerrisk]
33696 Document CLONE_NEWUSER for creating a new user namespace
33699 Eric W. Biederman, Michael Kerrisk
33700 Document the PID, user, and mount namespace support
33701 Document CLONE_NEWPID, CLONE_NEWUSER, and CLONE_NEWNS flags.
33704 Michael Kerrisk [Eric W. Biederman]
33705 Document CLONE_NEWPID
33706 Michael Kerrisk [Eric W. Biederman]
33707 Document CLONE_NEWUSER
33709 Document CLONE_THREAD, CLONE_SIGHAND, and CLONE_VM
33712 Changes to individual pages
33713 ---------------------------
33717 Move some CLONE_NEWNET text to namespaces.7
33719 Move some CLONE_NEWUTS text 2 to namespaces.7
33721 Move some CLONE_NEWIPC text to namespaces.7
33723 Reword discussion of CLONE_NEWNS, removing text also in namespaces(7)
33725 Standardize text on CLONE_NEW* flags and CAP_SYS_ADMIN
33727 EINVAL if (CLONE_NEWUSER|CLONE_NEWPID) && (CLONE_THREAD|CLONE_PARENT)
33729 Add more detail on the meaning of CLONE_SYSVSEM
33732 Michael Kerrisk [J. Bruce Fields]
33733 Don't mention "classical BSD" in discussion of fcntl()/flock interaction
33734 The noninteraction of flock(2) and fcntl(2) locks does
33735 not seem to be classical BSD semantics (at least, checking
33736 the 4.4BSD sources suggest that the lock types do interact,
33737 although there have been other systems also where fcntl()
33738 and flock() locks do not interact). So, fix the text
33739 discussing "classical BSD" lock semantics.
33742 Michael Kerrisk [Yuri Kozlov]
33743 Fix description of return value
33744 s/size of unwind table/size of the unwind data/
33748 Clarify use of 'mountflags' and 'data' for MS_REMOUNT
33751 Michael Kerrisk [Justin Cormack, Eric W. Biederman]
33752 Document effect of reboot() inside PID namespaces
33756 Refer to clone(2) for semantics of CLONE_SYSVSEM and semadj lists
33764 EINVAL can occur if UID/GID is not valid in caller's user namespace
33767 Michael Kerrisk [Eric W. Biederman]
33768 Clarify capabilities required for reassociating with a mount namespace
33770 Specify kernel version on each CLONE_NEW* flag
33771 And remove text on flags from VERSIONS.
33775 Add an example program
33777 Clarify semantics of CLONE_SYSVSEM
33779 CLONE_SYSVSEM does not require CAP_SYS_ADMIN
33781 Note flags implied by CLONE_THREAD and CLONE_VM
33784 Michael Kerrisk [Vincent Lefevre]
33785 The implementation uses clock_gettime() was to improve *accuracy*
33786 (The man page text mistakenly used the word "precision".)
33789 Michael Kerrisk [Lorenzo Beretta]
33790 Remove crufty text about SVID 3 marking drand48() obsolete
33791 See http://bugs.debian.org/758293
33795 Move /proc/[pid]/mounts text to namespaces.7
33797 Move /proc/[pid]/mountstats text to namespaces.7
33801 Refer reader to user_namespaces(7) for a discussion of capabilities
33803 Document CAP_SETUID and CAP_SETGID for user namespace mappings
33805 setns() needs CAP_SYS_ADMIN in the *target* namespace
33807 Since Linux 3.8, user namespaces no longer require CAP_SYS_ADMIN
33811 Refer to namespaces(7) for info on POSIX MQs and IPC namespaces
33815 Refer to namespaces(7) for info on System V IPC and IPC namespaces
33818 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.74 ====================
33820 Released: 2014-10-03, Munich
33826 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
33827 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
33828 incorporated in changes in this release:
33830 Arto Bendiken <arto@bendiken.net>
33831 Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
33832 Benjamin Herr <ben@0x539.de>
33833 C. Alex North-Keys <erlkonig@talisman.org>
33834 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
33835 Cyril Hrubis <chrubis@suse.cz>
33836 Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
33837 Doug Ledford <dledford@redhat.com>
33838 Elie De Brauwer <eliedebrauwer@gmail.com>
33839 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
33840 Jonny Grant <jg@jguk.org>
33841 Lanchon <lanchon@gmail.com>
33842 Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
33843 Marko Myllynen <myllynen@redhat.com>
33844 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
33845 Shriramana Sharma <samjnaa@gmail.com>
33846 Thomas Mack <mack@ifis.cs.tu-bs.de>
33847 Wieland Hoffmann <themineo@gmail.com>
33849 Apologies if I missed anyone!
33852 New and rewritten pages
33853 -----------------------
33857 New page for pldd(1) command added to glibc in version 2.15
33861 New page documenting CP 1252
33862 CP 1252 is probably one of the most used Windows Code Pages so
33863 let's add a page for it alongside with the already provided
33866 Table generated from /usr/share/i18n/charmaps/CP1252.
33869 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
33870 ---------------------------------------------
33874 Document /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/msgsize_default
33876 Document /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/msg_default
33879 Changes to individual pages
33880 ---------------------------
33884 SEE ALSO: add pldd(1)
33887 Michael Kerrisk [C. Alex North-Keys]
33888 Remove unneeded ".sh" extension in interpreter script example
33889 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=84701
33892 Heinrich Schuchardt
33893 BUGS: O_CLOEXEC is ignored
33894 Michael Kerrisk [Heinrich Schuchardt]
33895 The 'event_f_flags' failure to check invalid flags was fixed in 3.15
33899 Note that various bugs were fixed in Linux 3.16
33902 Michael Kerrisk [Doug Ledford]
33903 Since Linux 3.5, the accounting formula for RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE has changed
33906 Michael Kerrisk [Shriramana Sharma]
33907 Fix number and formula in description of EOVERFLOW error
33910 Michael Kerrisk [Ben Hutchings]
33911 Fix description of readlinkat() with empty 'pathname'
33913 SEE ALSO: add realpath(3)
33916 sched_setscheduler.2
33918 SEE ALSO: add chrt(1)
33921 Manfred Spraul [Michael Kerrisk, Davidlohr Bueso]
33922 Update for increase of SHMALL and SHMMAX
33923 The default values of SHMALL and SHMMAX have been increased.
33927 Add 3 new system calls added in Linux 3.17
33931 vmsplice() does not fail when nr_segs==0
33932 This nr_segs==0 case is no-op; the call succeeds and no
33933 EINVAL error is returned.
33937 SEE ALSO: add pldd(1)
33940 Michael Kerrisk [Thomas Mack]
33941 _FILE_OFFSET_BITS must be defined before including any header file
33945 Add ENOENT and EAGAIN to error list
33949 Add an example program
33950 The example program can be used to discover the default
33951 'mq_maxmsg' and 'mq_msgsize' values used to create a queue with
33952 a mq_open(3) call in which 'attr' is NULL.
33956 Two /proc files control the defaults for the attrp==NULL case
33957 Refer the reader to the discussion in mq_overview(7) for a
33958 discussion of these files, which exist since Linux 3.5.
33962 SEE ALSO: add realpath(1)
33966 Document /proc/buddyinfo
33967 This patch adds a short description about the contents of
33968 /proc/buddyinfo and how this file can be used to assist
33969 in checking for memory fragmentation issues.
33971 Mention pmap(1) in discussion of /proc/PID/smaps
33975 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
33979 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
33980 This and [the related *.7] patches will provide unification of
33981 charset pages, minor cleanups, and some unifying cosmetic
33982 changes. References are adjusted so that all pages include
33983 a reference to charsets(7), which contains a description of
33984 these sets, stray comments are removed, some obsolete
33985 statements (like ISO 8859-1 being the de-facto ASCII
33986 replacement) are removed, and some minor reformatting
33987 to minimize diff's between the pages are done.
33989 The actual substance, the character tables, remain unchanged.
33991 This series changes the following pages (under man7): ascii,
33992 armscii, cp1251, koi8-r, koi8-u, and all of iso_8859-*.
33996 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34000 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34004 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34008 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34012 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34016 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34020 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34024 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34028 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34032 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34036 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34040 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34044 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34048 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34052 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34056 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34060 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34061 - remove stray comments, streamline description
34062 (charsets(7) and Wikipedia provide more detailed
34063 and up-to-date description)
34064 - list differences between koi8-r.7 vs koi8-u.7
34068 Charset pages unification, minor cleanups
34069 - remove stray comments, streamline description
34070 (charsets(7) and Wikipedia provide more detailed
34071 and up-to-date description)
34072 - list differences between koi8-r.7 vs koi8-u.7
34076 Update queues_max details for Linux 3.14
34077 And in general rework the text a little.
34079 Update discussion of HARD_MSGMAX
34080 The limit has changed in 2.6.33 and then again in 3.5.
34081 Michael Kerrisk [Arto Bendiken]
34082 Update details for 'queues_max' limit
34083 Things changed in Linux 3.5.
34084 See https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1155695
34086 Update details on defaults and ceiling for 'msgsize_max' limit
34088 Rework discussion of HARD_MSGMAX
34089 Michael Kerrisk [Davidlohr Bueso]
34090 Various fixes after review from Davidlohr Bueso
34094 SEE ALSO: add taskset(1)
34098 SEE ALSO: add pldd(1)
34100 SEE ALSO: add dlopen(3)
34102 SEE ALSO: add ld(1)
34106 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.75 ====================
34108 Released: 2014-10-15, Düsseldorf
34114 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
34115 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
34116 incorporated in changes in this release:
34118 Jonny Grant <jg@jguk.org>
34119 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
34120 Robert Schweikert <rjschwei@suse.com>
34121 Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
34122 Walter Harms <wharms@bfs.de>
34124 Apologies if I missed anyone!
34127 New and rewritten pages
34128 -----------------------
34130 pthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np.3
34131 Robert Schweikert [Michael Kerrisk]
34132 New page documenting pthread_rwlockattr_[sg]etkind_np(3)
34133 Documents pthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np(3) and
34134 pthread_rwlockattr_getkind_np(3).
34137 New and changed links
34138 ---------------------
34140 pthread_rwlockattr_getkind_np.3
34142 New link to pthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np(3)
34145 Changes to individual pages
34146 ---------------------------
34149 Michael Kerrisk [Jonny Grant]
34150 Add free() call to example program
34154 The raw preadv() and pwritev() syscalls split 'offset' into 2 arguments
34158 pthread_mutex_lock() and pthread_cond_wait() are restartable
34159 pthread_mutex_lock(, pthread_cond_wait(), and related APIs are
34160 automatically restarted if interrupted by a signal handler.
34163 Michael Kerrisk [Carlos O'Donell, David Miller, Tetsuo Handa]
34164 Various additions and rewordings
34166 * Clarify some details for pathname sockets.
34167 * Add some advice on portably coding with pathname sockets.
34168 * Note the "buggy" behavior for pathname sockets when
34169 the supplied pathname is 108 bytes (after a report by
34173 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.76 ====================
34175 Released: 2014-12-31, Munich
34181 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
34182 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
34183 incorporated in changes in this release:
34185 Adam Jiang <jiang.adam@gmail.com>
34186 Andrea Balboni <andrea.balboni@unimore.it>
34187 Andreas Schwab <schwab@suse.de>
34188 Bernhard Walle <bernhard@bwalle.de>
34189 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
34190 David Wragg <david@wragg.org>
34191 Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
34192 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
34193 Huxiaoxiang <huxiaoxiang@huawei.com>
34194 Jan Chaloupka <jchaloup@redhat.com>
34195 Jonathan Wakely <jwakely@redhat.com>
34196 Jonny Grant <jg@jguk.org>
34197 Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
34198 Kamezawa Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
34199 Laurent Georget <laurent.georget@supelec.fr>
34200 Manuel López-Ibáñez <lopezibanez@gmail.com>
34201 Marko Myllynen <myllynen@redhat.com>
34202 Ma Shimiao <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
34203 Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
34204 Michael Gehring <mg@ebfe.org>
34205 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
34206 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
34207 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
34208 Rasmus Villemoes <rv@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
34209 Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
34210 Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
34211 Scott Harvey <scott.harvey@stonybrook.edu>
34212 Siddhesh Poyarekar <siddhesh.poyarekar@gmail.com>
34213 Simon Newton <nomis52@gmail.com>
34214 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
34215 Sven Hoexter <sven@stormbind.net>
34216 Tobias Werth <werth@cs.fau.de>
34217 Weijie Yang <weijie.yang.kh@gmail.com>
34218 Will Newton <will.newton@linaro.org>
34219 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
34220 刘湃 <liupai_work@163.com>
34221 尹杰 <writalnaie@gmail.com>
34223 Apologies if I missed anyone!
34226 New and rewritten pages
34227 -----------------------
34231 Add fields in struct timex description
34232 This patch updates the man page with the new fields added in
34233 struct timex since last edition of the man page.
34234 Laurent Georget [Michael Kerrisk]
34237 Improve description of ADJ_OFFSET_SINGLESHOT
34239 Add brief documentation of ADJ_MICRO and ADJ_NANO
34241 Reformat return value list
34242 And remove numeric values, since they're not needed
34244 Other 'modes' bits are ignored on ADJ_OFFSET_*
34245 Other bits in 'modes' are ignored if modes contains
34246 ADJ_OFFSET_SINGLESHOT or ADJ_OFFSET_SS_READ.
34248 Add nanosecond details
34249 Fixes https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=61171.
34251 Document ADJ_OFFSET_SS_READ
34253 Reformat 'times' flags as list
34254 And remove numeric values, since they're not needed.
34256 Note effect of ADJ_NANO for ADJ_SETOFFSET
34258 Add comment noting that timex structure contains padding bytes
34260 Add more details to description of 'tai' field
34262 Note meaning of "PLL" abbreviation
34264 Clarify which 'timex' field is used by each 'modes' bit
34266 Document timex 'status' bits
34268 Clarify treatment of other 'modes' bits for ADJ_OFFSET_*
34270 Update RFC number: RFC 5905 obsoletes RFC 1305
34272 Briefly document ADJ_SETOFFSET
34274 Note PPS (pulse per second) fields in timex structure
34278 Add (a lot) more detail on the signal trampoline
34279 And rewrite much of the page.
34282 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
34283 ---------------------------------------------
34287 Document /proc/thread-self
34288 /proc/thread-self has been introduced in Linux 3.17 with
34289 commit 0097875bd41528922fb3bb5f348c53f17e00e2fd.
34290 Sven Hoexter [Michael Kerrisk, Kamezawa Hiroyuki]
34291 Document "VmSwap" field of /proc/[pid]/status
34293 Document /proc/net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue
34296 Changes to individual pages
34297 ---------------------------
34301 Mention default path for compiled files
34305 Note that 'clock_id' can also be a CPU clock ID
34309 Regular files and directories can't be monitored with epoll_ctl()
34312 Heinrich Schuchardt
34313 Rename 'd' argument to 'fd' in text
34314 In most other manpages file descriptors are called 'fd'.
34315 This patches renames attribute 'd' to 'fd'.
34319 VERSIONS: Support for madvise() is now configurable
34320 Support for this system call now depends on the
34321 CONFIG_ADVISE_SYSCALLS configuration option.
34325 Enhance rationale discussion for openat() and friends
34329 Document the behavior of partial page discard requests
34330 It is not obvious from the interface that "partial page discard"
34331 requests are ignored. It should be spelled out.
34332 Michael Kerrisk [Weijie Yang]
34333 ERRORS: Since 2.6.16, the kernel correctly deals with the ESPIPE case
34335 Support for fadvise64() is now configurable
34336 Support for this system call now depends on the
34337 CONFIG_ADVISE_SYSCALLS configuration option.
34341 Correct description of null-termination in PR_GET_NAME and PR_SET_NAME
34342 The size of the process name has always been at most 16 byte
34343 _including_ the null terminator. This also means that the
34344 name returned by PR_GET_NAME is always null-terminated.
34346 PR_SET_NAME silently truncates strings that exceed 16 bytes
34350 Add some text explaining why restart_syscall() exists
34352 sched_setaffinity.2
34354 NOTES: Add paragraph on how to discover set of CPUs available on system
34356 SEE ALSO: add nproc(1) and lscpu(1)
34360 SEE ALSO: add restart_syscall(2)
34364 Add note that interrupted semtimedop() returns 'timeout' unchanged
34366 Remove information about semtimedop() EAGAIN that is repeated elsewhere
34368 Add subsection head for semtimedop()
34372 Rewrite some pieces and add some details
34373 Among other changes, add an explanation of why setsid() can't
34374 be called from a process group leader
34378 Since 3.16, support for these system calls is configurable
34379 Support for these calls is now dependent on the setting of the
34380 CONFIG_SGETMASK_SYSCALL option.
34384 Document SA_RESTORER
34386 Add some detail on the sa_restorer field
34388 SEE ALSO: add sigreturn(2)
34392 Reformat description of 'fd_in' and 'off_in' to improve readability
34396 SEE ALSO: add errno(3)
34400 SEE ALSO: add errno(3)
34402 3.19 adds execveat()
34408 Add shell session demonstrating use of the example program
34411 Michael Kerrisk [Rich Felker]
34412 Remove bogus text saying tgid==-1 makes tgkill() equivalent to tkill()
34416 Note that SIGABRT is raised as though raise(3) is called
34417 Also note that abort() is POSIX.1-2008 compliant.
34421 Ensure buf is suitably aligned in sending example
34422 Inspection of the definition of CMSG_FIRSTHDR (both in glibc and
34423 the suggested definition in RFC3542) shows that it yields the
34424 msg_control field. So when sending, the pointer placed in
34425 msg_control should be suitably aligned as a struct cmsghdr.
34426 In the sending example, buf was declared as a bare char array,
34427 and so is not necessarily suitably aligned.
34429 The solution here involves placing buf inside a union, and is
34430 based on the sockets/scm_rights_send.c sample from The Linux
34431 Programming Interface "dist" source code collection.
34435 Before glibc 2.19, exp() did not give ERANGE error on underflow
34436 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6787
34440 FTW_CHDIR has no effect on the 'fpath' argument passed to fn()
34443 Michael Kerrisk [Jonny Grant]
34444 Ensure that 'nsecs' is used
34447 Michael Kerrisk [Will Newton]
34448 Since glibc 2.16, ilogb() does correctly diagnose domain errors
34452 Document return value for n==0 case
34454 Warn against use of memcmp() for comparing security-critical data
34458 Document the O_CLOEXEC flag
34460 Place 'flags' constants in alphabetical order
34463 Manuel López-Ibáñez
34464 Add note on performance characteristics of pow()
34466 pthread_setschedparam.3
34468 Fix logic error in example program
34469 The example program will crash if -A is used, since 'attr'
34473 *** Error in `./a.out': free(): invalid pointer: 0xb779c3c4 ***
34474 Aborted (core dumped)
34476 Small fixes to example program
34480 Starting with version 2.21, glibc no longer exports sigvec()
34484 Document _SC_NGROUPS_MAX
34485 Already documented in getgroups(2), but not in sysconf(3).
34489 SEE ALSO: add tset(1)
34493 Since glibc 2.18, errno is correctly set to EDOM when (x == -infinity))
34497 Make it clear that WRDE_NOCMD prevents command substitution
34498 The use of WRDE_NOCMD prevents command substitution. If the flag
34499 WRDE_NOCMD is set then no command substitution shall occur and
34500 the error WRDE_CMDSUB will be returned if such substitution is
34501 requested when processing the words.
34503 The manual page as-is makes it seem like the command substitution
34504 occurs, and an error is returned *after* the substitution.
34505 This patch clarifies that.
34509 Describe the formats of values
34510 locale(5) describes what a locale should define but doesn't
34511 spell out how (in what format). The patch attempts to address
34512 this, it also has few trivial additional enhancements.
34514 * Reference to locale(7) for category descriptions.
34515 * Clarify first_workday in NOTES a bit.
34516 * Add upstream BZ reference for two missing LC_ADDRESS fields.
34518 Fix miscoded character
34522 Add missing no-tld-query option
34523 Based on commit [1], the no-tld-query option exists for
34524 resolv.conf configuration file. Description of this option
34525 is provided in [2]. This patch just copies this option
34526 into resolv.conf.5 man page. Plus changes 'a' member
34527 into 'an' before 'unqualified name as if it ...'
34528 on the third line of [2]. Based on [3], this option
34529 was added in glibc 2.14 as solving [4] bug.
34531 [1] https://sourceware.org/git/?p=glibc.git;a=commitdiff;h=f87dfb1f11c01f2ccdc40d81e134cd06b32e28e8
34532 [2] http://www.daemon-systems.org/man/resolv.conf.5.html man page.
34533 [3] https://sourceware.org/git/?p=glibc.git;a=blob;f=NEWS;h=952f32af17e7fb49c4c1a305de673a13075bfaf5;hb=f87dfb1f11c01f2ccdc40d81e134cd06b32e28e8
34534 [4] https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12734
34538 Cross-reference getgroups(2)
34539 Since credentials.7 discusses supplementary GIDs, it should
34540 reference getgroups(2).
34543 Heinrich Schuchardt
34544 Allow relative paths in example
34545 The current example code requires passing an absolute
34546 path to the mount to be watched.
34548 By passing AT_FDCWD to fanotify_mark it can use both
34549 absolute and relative paths.
34550 Heinrich Schuchardt
34551 fallocate(2) creates no events
34552 fallocate(2) should create FAN_MODIFY events but does not.
34553 Heinrich Schuchardt [Michael Kerrisk]
34554 fanotify notifies only events generated on the same mount
34555 Unfortunately, fanotify does not inform listeners for all paths
34556 under which a touched filesystem object is visible, but only the
34557 listener using the same path as the process touching the
34559 Heinrich Schuchardt
34560 Update BUGS to note bugs still not fixed in 3.17
34561 I bumped the Linux version number in the BUGS section to 3.17.
34564 Heinrich Schuchardt
34565 fallocate(2) does not trigger inotify events
34566 Calling fallocate(2) does not result in inotify events.
34570 Improve LOCPATH description
34571 LOCPATH is ignored by privileged programs.
34573 Add locale archive references.
34578 Michael Kerrisk [Laurent Georget]
34579 Clarify that SEE ALSO entries may refer to pages from other projects
34583 Mention other "slow devices"
34584 Reads from eventfd(2), signalfd(2), timerfd(2), inotify(7),
34585 and fanotify(7) file descriptors are also slow operations
34586 that are restartable.
34588 Fix SO_RECVTIMEO/ SO_SENDTIMEO confusion in text
34590 Since Linux 3.8, reads on inotify(7) file descriptors are restartable
34592 inotify(7) reads no longer show the odd EINTR error after SIGCONT
34593 Since kernel 3.7, reads from inotify(7) file descriptors no longer
34594 show the (Linux oddity) behavior of failing with EINTR when the
34595 process resumes after a stop signal + SIGCONT.
34597 SEE ALSO: add sigreturn(2)
34600 Michael Kerrisk [Scott Harvey]
34601 Fix buglet in code snippet in BUGS section
34605 Add --inhibit-cache option
34606 The dynamic loader has 6 options, only 5 are documented.
34607 This patch documents the sixth option i.e. `--inhibit-cache`.
34608 Jonathan Wakely [Siddhesh Poyarekar]
34609 Correct documentation of $ORIGIN
34610 As noted by Siddhesh:
34612 The ld.so man page says:
34614 $ORIGIN (or equivalently ${ORIGIN})
34615 This expands to the directory containing the
34616 application executable. Thus, an application located
34617 in somedir/app could be compiled with
34619 This is incorrect since it expands to the directory containing
34620 the DSO and not the application executable. This seems like
34621 deliberate behaviour in dl-object.c, so it needs to be fixed in
34624 See http://stackoverflow.com/questions/26280738/what-is-the-equivalent-of-loader-path-for-rpath-specification-on-linux/26281226#26281226
34628 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.77 ====================
34630 Released: 2015-01-10, Munich
34636 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
34637 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
34638 incorporated in changes in this release:
34640 Akihiro Motoki <amotoki@gmail.com>
34641 Alexandre Bique <bique.alexandre@gmail.com>
34642 Andre Majorel <aym-xunil@teaser.fr>
34643 Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
34644 Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
34645 Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
34646 Elie De Brauwer <eliedebrauwer@gmail.com>
34647 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
34648 Ignat Loskutov <ignat.loskutov@gmail.com>
34649 Jeff Epler <jepler@unpythonic.net>
34650 Jérôme Pouiller <jezz@sysmic.org>
34651 Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
34652 Laurent Georget <laurent.georget@supelec.fr>
34653 Masanari Iida <standby24x7@gmail.com>
34654 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
34655 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
34656 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
34657 Richard Cochran <richardcochran@gmail.com>
34658 Stephan Mueller <stephan.mueller@atsec.com>
34659 Troy Davis <troy@yort.com>
34660 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
34661 Will Drewry <wad@chromium.org>
34663 Apologies if I missed anyone!
34666 New and rewritten pages
34667 -----------------------
34670 Kees Cook, Michael Kerrisk, Will Drewry [Andy Lutomirski]
34671 New page documenting seccomp(2)
34672 Combines documentation from prctl, in-kernel seccomp_filter.txt
34673 and dropper.c, along with details specific to the new system call.
34676 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
34677 ---------------------------------------------
34680 Stephan Mueller [Michael Kerrisk]
34684 Changes to individual pages
34685 ---------------------------
34688 Laurent Georget [Richard Cochran, Jeff Epler]
34689 Clarify the 'ppm scaling' used in struct timex
34690 This patch makes explicit and clarifies the unit used for
34691 the fields "freq", "ppsfreq" and "stabil" in struct timex.
34692 Michael Kerrisk [Masanari Iida]
34693 Note that TIME_ERROR is the modern synonym for TIME_BAD
34697 Clarify the PERF_FLAG_FD_* flags
34698 This change clarifies the behavior of the PERF_FLAG_FD_OUTPUT and
34699 PERF_FLAG_FD_NO_GROUP flags to perf_event_open(), and removes
34700 the related FIXME comments.
34702 While writing tests to validate the behavior of these flags I
34703 discovered that PERF_FLAG_FD_OUTPUT has been broken since the
34704 2.6.35 kernel release.
34707 Dave Hansen [Michael Kerrisk]
34708 Add description of Intel MPX calls
34709 The 3.19 kernel will have support for Intel MPX, including
34710 a pair of new prctl() calls (PR_MPX_ENABLE_MANAGEMENT and
34711 PR_MPX_DISABLE_MANAGEMENT) for enabling and disabling the
34712 kernel's management of the "bounds tables". Add a
34713 descriptions of the interface.
34715 Add mention of seccomp(2) under PR_SET_SECCOMP
34717 Suggest /proc/PID/status "Seccomp" as alternative to PR_GET_SECCOMP
34719 SIGKILL can also occur PR_GET_SECCOMP in SECCOMP_MODE_FILTER mode
34720 Kees Cook [Andy Lutomirski]
34721 Document SECCOMP_MODE_FILTER vs EFAULT
34722 This notes the distinction made between EINVAL and EFAULT when
34723 attempting to use SECCOMP_MODE_FILTER with PR_SET_SECCOMP.
34728 Elaborate discussion of the PID namespace descendant limitation
34729 The setns(2) man page already mentions that CLONE_NEWPID may only
34730 be used with descendant namespaces, but this nuance could be
34731 listed in a few more places so it is not missed.
34734 Michael Kerrisk [Akihiro Motoki]
34735 Make wording of SHMALL description a little clearer
34739 Add siginfo_t fields for SECCOMP_RET_TRAP
34744 Reference memmem(3) in SEE ALSO section
34747 Michael Kerrisk [Michael Haardt]
34748 NOTES: add some detail on avoiding memcmp() of cryptographic data
34749 Wording largely based on comments from Michael Haardt.
34751 pthread_tryjoin_np.3
34752 Jérôme Pouiller [Michael Kerrisk]
34753 Document EINVAL error for pthread_timedjoin_np()
34757 /dev/kmem depends on CONFIG_DEVKMEM
34759 Correct /dev/port group in example
34760 mem.4 mentions that group for /dev/port should be set to 'mem'
34761 However, all other files (/dev/mem and /dev/kmem) use the kmem
34762 group in their examples and on my system /dev/port belongs to
34763 kmem. Hence the 'mem' group was probably a typo:
34765 Add CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM
34766 Since 2.6.26 the CONFIG_NONPROMISC_DEVMEM options limits the
34767 physical addresses which can be accessed through /dev/mem.
34770 Heinrich Schuchardt
34771 Describe handling of O_NONBLOCK
34772 /dev/random and /dev/urandom treat O_NONBLOCK differently.
34773 This should be described in the manpage.
34774 Heinrich Schuchardt
34775 Mention PRNG used by urandom
34776 /dev/urandom uses a pseudo-random number generator to replace
34781 Document "Seccomp" field of /proc/PID/status
34784 Michael Kerrisk [Ignat Loskutov]
34785 Use epoll_create1() rather than epoll_create() in the code example
34786 epoll_create1() is more or less the preferred API for new
34787 applications, since it allows for some flags and avoids the
34788 misdesigned epoll_create() argument, and so it seems sensible
34789 to use that in the example, rather than epoll_create().
34793 Clarify tcp_tw_recycle on Internet-facing hosts
34794 Clarify that tcp_tw_recycle will break communication with many
34795 general-purpose remote Internet hosts (namely, remote NAT devices)
34796 even when the Linux device itself is not behind NAT.
34799 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.78 ====================
34801 Released: 2015-01-22, Munich
34807 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
34808 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
34809 incorporated in changes in this release:
34811 Akihiro Motoki <amotoki@gmail.com>
34812 Alexey Ishchuk <aishchuk@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
34813 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
34814 Christian Seiler <christian@iwakd.de>
34815 Daniel J Blueman <daniel@quora.org>
34816 David Drysdale <drysdale@google.com>
34817 David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
34818 Elie De Brauwer <eliedebrauwer@gmail.com>
34819 Elliot Hughes <enh@google.com>
34820 Jessica McKellar <jessica.mckellar@gmail.com>
34821 Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
34822 Michael Hayes <mike@aiinc.ca>
34823 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
34824 Rich Felker <dalias@aerifal.cx>
34825 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
34827 Apologies if I missed anyone!
34830 New and rewritten pages
34831 -----------------------
34834 David Drysdale, Michael Kerrisk [Rich Felker]
34835 New page for execveat(2)
34838 Michael Kerrisk, David Herrmann
34839 New page for memfd_create() system call
34840 Including notes about file sealing
34842 s390_pci_mmio_write.2
34844 New page for s390 s390_pci_mmio_write() and s390_pci_mmio_read()
34845 New manual page for the new PCI MMIO memory access system
34846 calls, s390_pci_mmio_write() and s390_pci_mmio_read(),
34847 added for the s390 platform.
34850 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
34851 ---------------------------------------------
34854 David Herrmann [Michael Kerrisk]
34855 Document F_ADD_SEALS and F_GET_SEALS commands
34859 Document /proc/sys/vm/compact_memory
34861 Document /proc/sys/fs/nr_open
34864 New and changed links
34865 ---------------------
34867 s390_pci_mmio_read.2
34869 New link to new s390_pci_mmio_write(2) page
34872 Changes to individual pages
34873 ---------------------------
34877 Add reference to RLIMIT_NOFILE for EMFILE error
34879 Add reference to RLIMIT_NOFILE for EBADF error on 'newfd'.
34884 SEE ALSO: add execveat(2)
34892 ERRORS: add EPERM for operation denied by file seal
34896 ERRORS: add EBUSY case for F_SETPIPE_SZ
34898 Add reference to RLIMIT_NOFILE for F_DUPFD EINVAL error on 'arg'.
34900 ERRORS: add open file description lock error cases
34904 Update text on RLIMIT_NOFILE ceiling to refer to /proc/sys/fs/file-max
34907 Michael Kerrisk [Daniel J Blueman]
34908 Clarify EFAULT text
34914 SEE ALSO: add memfd_create(2)
34918 Refer to RLIMIT_NOFILE for explanation of EMFILE error
34920 Add execveat(2) in system call list under "Rationale for openat()"
34924 Clarify description of overflow events
34925 Update the perf_event_open manpage to be more consistent when
34926 discussing overflow events. It merges the discussion of
34927 poll-type notifications with those generated by SIGIO
34929 This addresses the remaining FIXMEs is the document.
34931 Remove inaccurate paragraph describing attr.config
34932 Remove an inaccurate paragraph about values in the attr.config
34933 field. This information was never true in any released kernel;
34934 it somehow snuck into the manpage because it is still described
34935 this way in tools/perf/design.txt in the kernel source tree.
34937 Correct the kernel version number for PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_NODE
34939 Add some kernel version numbers to various fields and constants
34945 Ptrace and siginfo details
34946 While writing some additional seccomp tests, I realized
34947 PTRACE_EVENT_SECCOMP wasn't documented yet. Fixed this, and added
34948 additional notes related to ptrace events SIGTRAP details.
34952 Update details on glibc readv()/writev() wrapper behavior
34953 And add a historical detail about Linux 2.0.
34957 Mention RLIMIT_NOFILE as a possible cause of EINVAL error
34962 Add mips and arm64 to tables, along with some further
34963 details on these architectures,
34967 Add s390_pci_mmio_read(2) and s390_pci_mmio_write(2)
34969 Note kernel() version that introduced get_kernel_syms()
34970 Note kernel version that introduced ppc_rtas()
34971 Note kernel version that introduced create_module()
34972 Note kernel version that added setup()
34974 Remove some details for sync_file_range2()
34975 Make the table a bit simpler. The details can anyway be
34976 found in the system call man page.
34979 Michael Kerrisk [Elliot Hughes]
34980 If both tv_sec fields are UTIME_OMIT, the file need not exist
34981 As noted by Elliot, if both tv_sec fields are UTIME_OMIT,
34982 utimensat() will return success even if the file does not exist.
34986 The RLIMIT_NOFILE resource limit is a common cause of EMFILE
34990 SEE ALSO: add execveat(2)
34994 Consistency fix: use "stream" as name for "FILE *" argument
34995 Harmonize all the manual pages to use "stream" for FILE*
34996 instead of randomly using "fp" or "stream." Choosing something
34997 and being consistent helps users scan the man pages quickly
34998 and understand what they are looking at.
35002 Rewrite the script+close-on-exec problem as a BUG
35003 Also, add one or two details about this scenario.
35005 The natural idiom when using fexecve() is to use the close-on-exec flag
35009 Consistency fix: use "stream" as name for "FILE *" argument
35013 Consistency fix: use "stream" as name for "FILE *" argument
35017 Consistency fix: use "stream" as name for "FILE *" argument
35021 Consistency fix: use "stream" as name for "FILE *" argument
35025 Consistency fix: use "stream" as name for "FILE *" argument
35028 Michael Kerrisk [Carlos O'Donell]
35029 Describe return value when 'uid' is not found
35033 Consistency fix: use "stream" as name for "FILE *" argument
35037 Consistency fix: use "stream" as name for "FILE *" argument
35041 Consistency fix: use "stream" as name for "FILE *" argument
35045 Note that posix_fallocate() is implemented using fallocate(2)
35049 Consistency fix: use "stream" as name for "FILE *" argument
35050 Harmonize all the manual pages to use "stream" for FILE*
35051 instead of randomly using "fp" or "stream." Choosing something
35052 and being consistent helps users scan the man pages quickly
35053 and understand what they are looking at.
35057 Correct variable name
35061 Remove bogus statement about NR_OPEN being a ceiling for file-max
35064 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.79 ====================
35066 Released: 2015-02-01, Munich
35072 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
35073 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
35074 incorporated in changes in this release:
35076 Akihiro Motoki <amotoki@gmail.com>
35077 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
35078 J William Piggott <elseifthen@gmx.com>
35079 Masanari Iida <standby24x7@gmail.com>
35080 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
35081 Scot Doyle <lkml14@scotdoyle.com>
35082 Sergey V. Zubkov <cubbi@cubbi.com>
35083 Stephan Mueller <stephan.mueller@atsec.com>
35084 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
35085 Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
35087 Apologies if I missed anyone!
35090 New and rewritten pages
35091 -----------------------
35094 Heinrich Schuchardt, Theodore T'so, Michael Kerrisk
35095 New page documenting getrandom(2)
35096 Kernel 3.17 introduces a new system call getrandom(2).
35099 Vivek Goyal, Michael Kerrisk
35100 Add documentation of kexec_file_load(2)
35101 Michael Kerrisk, Vivek Goyal
35102 Rewrite and extend documentation of kexec_load().
35105 New and changed links
35106 ---------------------
35110 New link to kexec_load.2
35112 Changes to individual pages
35113 ---------------------------
35117 SEE ALSO: add setarch(8)
35121 Unused arguments of PR_MPX_(EN,DIS}ABLE_MANAGEMENT must be zero
35125 SEE ALSO: add kexec_load(2)
35130 Add a reference to the AF_ALG protocol accessible via socket(2).
35133 Michael Kerrisk [Sergey V. Zubkov]
35134 Clarify that flushing of input streams occurs only for seekable files
35135 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=91931
35136 Michael Kerrisk [Sergey V. Zubkov]
35137 POSIX.1-2008 specifies the behavior when flushing input streams
35138 POSIX.1-2001 did not have a specification for input streams,
35139 but POSIX.1-2008 added one.
35143 SEE ALSO: add getopt(1)
35146 Heinrich Schuchardt
35147 SEE ALSO: add getrandom(2)
35151 SEE ALSO: add reset(1), setterm(1), tput(1)
35155 Document behavior when TZ filespec omits the colon
35156 If the TZ filespec omits the leading colon, glibc will parse
35157 it for any valid format, i.e., it will still work.
35159 Add description for posixrules file
35161 Correct system timezone file path
35163 There are only two TZ formats
35164 tzset(3) currently states that there are three TZ formats. The
35165 first two it lists are actually variations of the POSIX-style
35166 TZ format, of which there are at least five variations.
35168 This patch corrects this to match the POSIX specification of
35169 TZ having only two formats.
35171 Filespec omitted incorrect
35172 Paragraph three of the DESCRIPTION section says
35173 that when TZ is set, but empty, then UTC is used.
35175 Later it says if the TZ filespec is omitted then the file
35176 /usr/share/zoneinfo/localtime is used. This is incorrect,
35177 it will use UTC in that case as well.
35179 Fix incorrect TZ string representation
35180 The TZ string representation indicates that the start/end
35181 rules are required; this is incorrect.
35183 Add ENVIRONMENT section + other rearrangements
35184 FILES section was overly verbose and included
35185 environment variables. Added ENVIRONMENT section,
35186 removing ENV VARS from the FILES section.
35189 Heinrich Schuchardt
35190 SEE ALSO: add getrandom(2)
35194 SEE ALSO: add chfn(1), chsh(1)
35198 SEE ALSO: add setpriv(1)
35202 Add getrandom(2) to list of restartable system calls
35204 Add F_OFD_SETLKW to list of restartable operations
35208 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.80 ====================
35210 Released: 2015-02-21, Munich
35216 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
35217 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
35218 incorporated in changes in this release:
35220 Akihiro Motoki <amotoki@gmail.com>
35221 Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
35222 Bill McConnaughey <mcconnau@biochem.wustl.edu>
35223 Chris Mayo <aklhfex@gmail.com>
35224 Christophe Blaess <Christophe@blaess.fr>
35225 David Wilson <dw@botanicus.net>
35226 Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
35227 Doug Goldstein <cardoe@gentoo.org>
35228 Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>
35229 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
35230 J William Piggott <elseifthen@gmx.com>
35231 James Hunt <james.hunt@ubuntu.com>
35232 Jan Chaloupka <jchaloup@redhat.com>
35233 Jan Stancek <jstancek@redhat.com>
35234 Jeff Layton <jlayton@poochiereds.net>
35235 Jens Thoms Toerring <jt@toerring.de>
35236 Kevin Easton <kevin@guarana.org>
35237 Luke Faraone <lfaraone@debian.org>
35238 Mark Seaborn <mseaborn@chromium.org>
35239 Mathieu Malaterre <malat@debian.org>
35240 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
35241 Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
35242 Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
35243 Patrick Horgan <phorgan1@gmail.com>
35244 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
35245 Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
35246 Rob Somers <uberkermit@gmail.com>
35247 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
35248 Stephen Smalley <sds@tycho.nsa.gov>
35249 Tao Ma <tao.ma@oracle.com>
35250 Tobias Herzke <tobias.linuxpatches.2014@gi2.herzkes.de>
35251 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
35252 Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
35253 Zbigniew Brzeziński <zbigniew.brzezinski@student.put.poznan.pl>
35255 Apologies if I missed anyone!
35258 New and rewritten pages
35259 -----------------------
35262 Heinrich Schuchardt [Michael Kerrisk]
35263 New man page for the ioctl(2) FAT API
35264 The ioctl(2) system call may be used to retrieve information about
35265 the FAT file system and to set file attributes.
35269 Summary: this page has been significantly reorganised and rewritten
35271 Recast discussion of 'advice' into two groups of values
35272 madvise() is one of those system calls that has congealed over
35273 time, as has the man page. It's helpful to split the discussion
35274 of 'advice' into those flags into two groups:
35276 * Those flags that are (1) widespread across implementations;
35277 (2) have counterparts in posix_madvise(3); and (3) were present
35278 in the initial Linux madvise implementation.
35279 * The rest, which are values that (1) may not have counterparts
35280 in other implementations; (2) have no counterparts in
35281 posix_madvise(3); and (3) were added to Linux in more recent
35284 Explicitly list the five flags provided by posix_fadvise()
35285 Over time, bit rot has afflicted this page. Since the original
35286 text was written many new Linux-specific flags have been added.
35287 So, now it's better to explicitly list the flags that
35288 correspond to the POSIX analog of madvise().
35289 Jan Chaloupka [Hugh Dickins, Michael Kerrisk]
35290 Starting with Linux 3.5, more file systems support MADV_REMOVE
35292 Split EINVAL error into separate cases
35294 Explain MADV_REMOVE in terms of file hole punching
35296 MADV_REMOVE can be applied only to shared writable mappings
35298 MADV_REMOVE cannot be applied to locked or Huge TLB pages
35299 Michael Kerrisk [Vlastimil Babka]
35300 Clarify that MADV_DONTNEED has effect on pages only if it succeeds
35301 Michael Kerrisk [Vlastimil Babka]
35302 Clarifications for MADV_DONTNEED
35303 Michael Kerrisk [Michal Hocko]
35304 Improve MADV_DONTNEED description
35306 MADV_DONTNEED cannot be applied to Huge TLB or locked pages
35307 Michael Kerrisk [Vlastimil Babka]
35308 Remove mention of "shared pages" as a cause of EINVAL for MADV_DONTNEED
35309 Michael Kerrisk [Vlastimil Babka]
35310 Note Huge TLB as a cause of EINVAL for MADV_DONTNEED
35311 Michael Kerrisk [Minchan Kim]
35312 Add mention of VM_PFNMAP in discussion of MADV_DONTNEED and MADV_REMOVE
35314 Drop sentence saying that kernel may ignore 'advice'
35315 The sentence creates misunderstandings, and does not really
35318 Note that some Linux-specific 'advice' change memory-access semantics
35320 NOTES: Remove crufty text about "command" versus "advice"
35321 The point made in this fairly ancient text is more or less evident
35322 from the DESCRIPTION, and it's not clear what "standard" is being
35325 Mention POSIX.1-2008 addition of POSIX_MADV_NOREUSE
35327 Remove "POSIX.1b" from CONFORMING TO
35329 Move mention of posix_fadvise() from CONFORMING TO to SEE ALSO
35331 ERRORS: add EPERM error case for MADV_HWPOISON
35333 Note that madvise() is nonstandard, but widespread
35336 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
35337 ---------------------------------------------
35341 (Briefly) document /proc/PID/attr/socketcreate
35343 (Briefly) document /proc/PID/attr/keycreate
35344 Michael Kerrisk [Stephen Smalley]
35345 Document /proc/PID/attr/{current,exec,fscreate,prev}
35346 Heavily based on Stephen Smalley's text in
35347 https://lwn.net/Articles/28222/
35348 From: Stephen Smalley <sds@epoch.ncsc.mil>
35349 To: LKML and others
35350 Subject: [RFC][PATCH] Process Attribute API for Security Modules
35351 Date: 08 Apr 2003 16:17:52 -0400
35353 Document /proc/sys/kernel/auto_msgmni
35356 David Wilson [Michael Kerrisk]
35357 Document SO_REUSEPORT socket option
35360 New and changed links
35361 ---------------------
35365 Make get_thread_area.2 a link to rewritten set_thread_area.2 page
35368 Changes to individual pages
35369 ---------------------------
35373 Make option argument formatting consistent with other pages
35377 Explain how access() check treats capabilities
35378 We have users who are terribly confused why their binaries
35379 with CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE capability see EACCESS from access() calls,
35380 but are able to read the file.
35382 The reason is access() isn't the "can I read/write/execute this
35383 file?" question, it is the "(assuming that I'm a setuid binary,)
35384 can *the user who invoked me* read/write/execute this file?"
35387 That's why it uses real UIDs as documented, and why it ignores
35388 capabilities when capability-endorsed binaries are run by non-root
35389 (this patch adds this information).
35391 To make users more likely to notice this less-known detail,
35392 the patch expands the explanation with rationale for this logic
35393 into a separate paragraph.
35399 Improve TLS documentation
35400 The documentation for set_thread_area was very vague. This
35401 improves it, accounts for recent kernel changes, and merges
35402 it with get_thread_area.2.
35404 get_thread_area.2 now becomes a link.
35406 While I'm at it, clarify the related arch_prctl.2 man page.
35410 Update some portability details and bugs
35412 Refer reader to BUGS in discussion of EINVAL error
35416 Document V3 capabilities constants
35418 Rewrite discussion of kernel versions that support file capabilities
35419 File capabilities ceased to be optional in Linux 2.6.33.
35423 Fix description of CLONE_PARENT_SETTID
35424 CLONE_PARENT_SETTID only stores child thread ID in parent memory.
35429 Document interaction of execve(2) with CLONE_FILES
35430 This patch the fact that a successful execve(2) in a process that
35431 is sharing a file descriptor table results in unsharing the table.
35433 I discovered this through testing and verified it by source
35434 inspection - there is a call to unshare_files() early in
35435 do_execve_common().
35438 Michael Kerrisk [Jeff Layton]
35439 Clarify cases of conflict between traditional record and OFD locks
35440 Verified by experiment on Linux 3.15 and 3.19rc4.
35444 EAGAIN is not reported when task allocation fails
35445 I am not sure why we have:
35447 "EAGAIN fork() cannot allocate sufficient memory to copy
35448 the parent's page tables and allocate a task structure
35451 The text seems to be there from the time when man-pages
35452 were moved to git so there is no history for it.
35454 And it doesn't reflect reality: the kernel reports both
35455 dup_task_struct and dup_mm failures as ENOMEM to the
35456 userspace. This seems to be the case from early 2.x times
35457 so let's simply remove this part.
35458 Heinrich Schuchardt
35459 Child and parent run in separate memory spaces
35460 fork.2 should clearly point out that child and parent
35461 process run in separate memory spaces.
35463 NOTES: add "C library/kernel ABI differences" subheading
35467 NOTES: add "C library/kernel ABI differences" subheading
35471 Various rewordings plus one or two details clarified
35473 Add pointer to example in listxattr(2)
35477 NOTES: add "C library/kernel ABI differences" subheading
35480 Heinrich Schuchardt
35481 Provide example program
35483 Reword discussion of size==0 case
35485 Add note on handling increases in sizes of keys or values
35487 Remove mention of which filesystems implement ACLs
35488 Such a list will only become outdated (as it already was).
35492 Document EFAULT and EINVAL errors
35493 I encountered these errors while writing testcase for migrate_pages
35494 syscall for LTP (Linux test project).
35496 I checked stable kernel tree 3.5 to see which paths return these.
35497 Both can be returned from get_nodes(), which is called from:
35498 SYSCALL_DEFINE4(migrate_pages, pid_t, pid, unsigned long, maxnode,
35499 const unsigned long __user *, old_nodes,
35500 const unsigned long __user *, new_nodes)
35502 The testcase does following:
35504 a) old_nodes/new_nodes is area mmaped with PROT_NONE
35505 b) old_nodes/new_nodes is area not mmapped in process address
35506 space, -1 or area that has been just munmmaped
35509 a) maxnodes overflows kernel limit
35510 b) new_nodes contain node, which has no memory or does not exist
35511 or is not returned for get_mempolicy(MPOL_F_MEMS_ALLOWED).
35515 Overhaul the documentation
35516 This clarifies the behavior and documents all four functions.
35518 Clarify the lm bit's behavior
35519 The lm bit should never have existed in the first place. Sigh.
35523 Mention effect of READ_IMPLIES_EXEC personality flag
35524 I puzzled over mprotect()'s effect on /proc/*/maps for a while
35525 yesterday -- it was setting "x" without PROT_EXEC being specified.
35526 Here is a patch to add some explanation.
35530 Add details of MSGMNI default value
35534 Clarify wording of MSGMAX and MSGMNB limits
35538 Clarify PERF_EVENT_IOC_REFRESH behavior
35539 Currently the PERF_EVENT_IOC_REFRESH ioctl, when applied to a group
35540 leader, will refresh all children. Also if a refresh value of 0
35541 is chosen then the refresh becomes infinite (never runs out).
35542 Back in 2011 PAPI was relying on these behaviors but I was told
35543 that both were unsupported and subject to being removed at any time.
35544 (See https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/5/24/337 )
35545 However the behavior has not been changed.
35547 This patch updates the manpage to still list the behavior as
35548 unsupported, but removes the inaccurate description of it
35549 only being a problem with 2.6 kernels.
35552 Michael Kerrisk [Bill McConnaughey]
35553 Mention file capabilities in discussion of PR_SET_DUMPABLE
35555 Greatly expand discussion of "dumpable" flag
35556 In particular, detail the interactions with
35557 /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable.
35559 Reorder paragraphs describing PR_SET_DUMPABLE
35561 Mention SUID_DUMP_DISABLE and SUID_DUMP_USER under PR_SET_DUMPABLE
35563 Executing a file with capabilities also resets the parent death signal
35567 Explain behaviour should ptrace tracer call execve(2)
35568 This behaviour was verified by reading the kernel source and
35569 confirming the behaviour using a test program.
35571 Add information on PTRACE_SEIZE versus PTRACE_ATTACH differences
35572 Extend description of PTRACE_SEIZE with the short summary of its
35573 differences from PTRACE_ATTACH.
35575 The following paragraph:
35578 Stop induced by PTRACE_INTERRUPT command, or group-stop, or ini-
35579 tial ptrace-stop when a new child is attached (only if attached
35580 using PTRACE_SEIZE), or PTRACE_EVENT_STOP if PTRACE_SEIZE was used.
35582 has an editing error (the part after last comma makes no sense).
35585 Mention that legacy post-execve SIGTRAP is disabled by PTRACE_SEIZE.
35588 Michael Kerrisk [Christophe Blaess]
35589 SYNOPSIS: remove 'const' from 'attr' sched_getattr() argument
35593 Note default value for SEMMNI and SEMMSL
35597 Note defaults for SEMOPM and warn against increasing > 1000
35601 Caution against modifying sent pages
35605 ERRORS: add ENOTSUP for invalid namespace prefix
35607 Remove redundant text under ENOTSUP error
35609 Note that zero-length attribute values are permitted
35611 Rework text describing 'flags' argument
35615 NOTES: add "C library/kernel ABI differences" subheading
35618 Michael Kerrisk [Jan Chaloupka]
35619 Document the 'f_flags' field added in Linux 2.6.36
35621 Clarify that 'statfs' structure has some padding bytes
35622 The number of padding bytes has changed over time, as some
35623 bytes are used, so describe this aspect of the structure
35626 Add OCFS2_SUPER_MAGIC
35628 Use __fsword_t in statfs structure definition
35629 This more closely matches modern glibc reality.
35631 Add a note on the __fsword_t type
35633 Document 'f_spare' more vaguely
35637 Note that waitpid() is a wrapper for wait4()
35639 Note that wait() is a library function implemented via wait4()
35643 NOTES: add "C library/kernel ABI differences" subheading
35647 Improve code example
35648 I (and some others) found that the original example code
35649 did not seem to work as advertised. The new code (used by
35650 permission of the original author, Jens Thoms Toerring)
35651 was found on comp.os.linux.development.
35655 DESCRIPTION reference to BUGS corrected
35656 mktemp(3)'s DESCRIPTION referenced NOTES, but no such
35657 section exists. Corrected to refer to BUGS.
35659 pthread_attr_setschedparam.3
35661 Describe EINVAL in ERRORS
35666 host.conf 'order' option deprecated, replaced by nsswitch.conf(5)
35667 http://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=2389
35668 http://repo.or.cz/w/glibc.git/commit/b9c65d0902e5890c4f025b574725154032f8120a
35670 Reported at http://bugs.debian.org/270368,
35671 http://bugs.debian.org/396633, and http://bugs.debian.org/344233.
35675 Document missing 'f_flag' bit values
35676 And reorganize information relating to which flags are in
35678 Michael Kerrisk [Jan Chaloupka]
35679 statvfs() now populates 'f_flag' from statfs()'s f_flag field
35680 These changes came with glibc 2.13, and the kernel's addition of
35681 a 'f_flags' field in Linux 2.6.36.
35684 Michael Kerrisk [Doug Goldstein]
35685 Remove unneeded <stdarg.h>
35686 vsyslog() does not need this.
35691 tzset.3 does not illustrate the POSIX offset format.
35692 Specifically, there is no indication in the manual
35693 what the optional components of it are.
35697 Note maximum number of bytes returned by read(2) on /dev/random
35698 Michael Kerrisk [Mathieu Malaterre]
35699 Since Linux 3.16, reads from /dev/urandom return at most 32 MB
35700 See https://bugs.debian.org/775328 and
35701 https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=80981#c9
35704 Michael Kerrisk [Bill McConnaughey]
35705 Executing a file that has capabilities also prevents core dumps
35707 Document "%i" and "%I" core_pattern specifiers
35711 Remove words "and protocols"
35712 There are no protocol descriptions in Section 5. Protocols are
35717 Add reference to prctl(2) in discussion of /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable
35718 And note that /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable defines the
35719 value assigned to the process "dumpable" flag in certain
35722 Note that CAP_SYS_ADMIN is required to list /proc/PID/map_files
35723 This might however change in the future; see the Jan 2015 LKML thread:
35725 Re: [RFC][PATCH v2] procfs: Always expose /proc/<pid>/map_files/
35726 and make it readable
35730 SEE ALSO: add nsswitch.conf(5)
35734 Mention SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS as an alternative to prctl() PR_SET_KEEPCAPS
35736 NOTES: add last kernel versions for obsolete options
35737 The CONFIG_SECURITY_CAPABILITIES option was removed by
35738 commit 5915eb53861c5776cfec33ca4fcc1fd20d66dd27
35740 The CONFIG_SECURITY_FILE_CAPABILITIES option removed in
35741 Linux 2.6.33 as already mentioned in DESCRIPTION.
35745 SEE ALSO: add fork(2)
35749 Mention SOCK_STREAM socket for ioctl_type of ioctl()
35750 from https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1110401.
35752 unix.7 is not clear about socket type of ioctl_type argument of
35753 ioctl() function. The description of SIOCINQ is applicable only
35754 for SOCK_STREAM socket. For SOCK_DGRAM, udp(7) man page gives
35755 correct description of SIOCINQ
35759 Place options in alphabetical order
35761 Note glibc version number for '-l' option
35763 Document -c/--format option
35765 Add long form of some options
35766 Michael Kerrisk [Patrick Horgan]
35767 ld.so.conf uses only newlines as delimiters
35768 mtk: confirmed by reading source of parse_conf() in
35771 Document -V/--version option
35773 Document -i/--ignore-aux-cache option
35777 Relocate "Hardware capabilities" to be a subsection under notes
35778 This is more consistent with standard man-pages headings
35781 (Briefly) document LD_TRACE_PRELINKING
35783 Remove duplicate description of LD_BIND_NOT
35786 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.81 ====================
35788 Released: 2015-03-02, Munich
35794 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
35795 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
35796 incorporated in changes in this release:
35798 Alexandre Oliva <aoliva@redhat.com>
35799 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
35800 Ma Shimiao <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
35801 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
35802 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
35804 Apologies if I missed anyone!
35807 New and rewritten pages
35808 -----------------------
35811 Alexandre Oliva, Michael Kerrisk [Carlos O'Donell]
35812 New page describing POSIX safety concepts
35819 Peng Haitao, Michael Kerrisk
35820 Reformat existing thread-safety information to use a
35821 tabular format, rather than plain text.
35824 Changes to individual pages
35825 ---------------------------
35829 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35830 The function mmap() and munmap() are thread safe.
35834 Modify thread-safety information
35835 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
35836 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
35840 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35841 The function acos(), acosf() and acosl() are thread safe.
35845 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35846 The function acosh(), acoshf() and acoshl() are thread safe.
35850 ATTRIBUTES: Note function is thread-safe
35851 The function addseverity() is thread safe.
35855 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
35856 The function aio_cancel() is thread safe.
35860 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
35861 The function aio_fsync() is thread safe.
35865 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
35866 The function aio_read() is thread safe.
35870 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
35871 The function aio_suspend() is thread safe.
35875 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
35876 The function aio_write() is thread safe.
35880 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35884 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35885 The function asin(), asinf() and asinl() are thread safe.
35889 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
35890 Its marking matches glibc marking.
35894 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
35895 Its marking matches glibc marking.
35899 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35900 The function atan2(), atan2f() and atan2l() are thread safe.
35904 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35905 The function atanh(), atanhf() and atanhl() are thread safe.
35909 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
35910 The markings match glibc markings.
35914 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
35915 The function btowc() in glibc is thread safe.
35916 Its marking matches glibc marking.
35920 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35921 The function cabs(), cabsf() and cabsl() are thread safe.
35925 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35926 The function cacos(), cacosf() and cacosl() are thread safe.
35930 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35931 The functions cacosh(), cacoshf() and cacoshl() in glibc are
35932 thread safe. Its markings match glibc markings.
35934 canonicalize_file_name.3
35936 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
35937 The functions canonicalize_file_name() in glibc is thread safe.
35938 Its marking matches glibc marking.
35942 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35943 The function carg(), cargf() and cargl() are thread safe.
35947 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35948 The functions casin(), casinf() and casinl() are thread safe.
35949 Their markings match glibc markings.
35953 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35954 The functions casinh(), casinhf() and casinhl() in glibc are
35955 thread safe. Its markings match glibc markings.
35959 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35960 The functions catan(), catanf() and catanl() are thread safe.
35961 Their markings match glibc markings.
35965 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35966 The functions catanh(), catanhf() and catanhl() in glibc are
35967 thread safe. Its markings match glibc markings.
35971 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35972 The functions catopen() and catclose() are thread safe.
35976 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
35977 The function cfree() in glibc is thread safe.
35978 Its marking matches glibc marking.
35982 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35983 The functions clog10(), clog10f() and clog10l() in glibc are
35984 thread safe. Its markings match glibc markings.
35988 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
35989 The function clog(), clogf() and clogl() are thread safe.
35993 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
35994 The function closedir() in glibc is thread safe.
35995 Its marking matches glibc marking.
35999 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36000 The function confstr() is thread safe.
36004 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36005 The functions cosh(), coshf() and coshl() in glibc are thread safe.
36006 Its markings match glibc markings.
36010 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36011 The functions cpow(), cpowf() and cpowl() in glibc are thread safe.
36012 Its markings match glibc markings.
36016 Modify thread-safety information
36017 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36018 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36022 Modify thread-safety information
36023 According to the change of source code, ctermid's level has been
36024 changed from MT-Unsafe to MT-Safe. After modifying, the marking
36025 matches the glibc marking.
36029 Modify thread-safety information
36030 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36031 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36035 Modify thread-safety information
36036 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36037 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36041 Modify thread-safety information
36042 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36043 thread-safety information to be same as glibc manual.
36047 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36048 The markings match glibc markings.
36052 Modify thread-safety information
36053 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36054 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36058 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36059 The markings match glibc markings.
36063 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36064 The functions execl(), execlp(), execle(), execv(), execvp() and
36065 execvpe() are thread safe.
36069 Modify thread-safety information
36070 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36071 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36075 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36079 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36080 The function exp2(), exp2f() and exp2l() are thread safe.
36084 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36085 The function exp(), expf() and expl() are thread safe.
36089 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36090 The function fclose() is thread safe.
36091 Its marking matches glibc marking.
36095 Modify thread-safety information
36096 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36097 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36101 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36102 The markings match glibc markings.
36106 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36107 The markings match glibc markings.
36111 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36112 The marking matches glibc marking.
36116 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36117 The function fmod(), fmodf() and fmodl() are thread safe.
36121 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36122 The function fnmatch() is thread safe with exceptions.
36126 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36127 The markings match glibc markings.
36131 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36132 The marking matches glibc marking.
36136 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36137 The functions fread() and fwrite() are thread safe.
36141 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
36142 The functions gamma(), gammaf() and gammal() are not thread safe.
36144 Modify thread-safety information
36145 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36146 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36150 Modify thread-safety information
36151 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36152 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36156 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36157 The functions getcwd(), getwd() and get_current_dir_name() are
36162 Modify thread-safety information
36163 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36164 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36168 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36169 The functions getenv() and secure_getenv() are thread safe.
36173 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
36174 The functions setfsent(), getfsent(), endfsent(), getfsspec()
36175 and getfsfile() are not thread safe.
36177 Modify thread-safety information
36178 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36179 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36183 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36184 Its marking matches glibc marking.
36186 Modify thread-safety information
36187 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36188 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36192 Modify thread-safety information
36193 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36194 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36198 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36199 The function getgrouplist() is thread safe with exceptions.
36203 Modify thread-safety information
36204 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36205 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36209 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
36210 The functions getopt(), getopt_long() and getopt_long_only() are
36213 Modify thread-safety information
36214 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36215 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36219 Modify thread-safety information
36220 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36221 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36225 Modify thread-safety information
36226 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36227 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36231 Modify thread-safety information
36232 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36233 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36237 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36238 Its marking matches glibc marking.
36242 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36243 The functions getw() and putw() are thread safe.
36245 gnu_get_libc_version.3
36247 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36248 The functions gnu_get_libc_version() and gnu_get_libc_release()
36253 Modify thread-safety information
36254 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36255 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36259 Modify thread-safety information
36263 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions
36264 The functions inet_aton() and inet_addr() are thread safe with
36266 The functions inet_network(), inet_ntoa(), inet_makeaddr(),
36267 inet_lnaof() and inet_netof() are thread safe.
36268 Modify thread-safety information
36269 After researching and talking, we think inet_network() and
36270 inet_ntoa() should be marked with locale.
36271 After changing, the markings match glbc markings.
36275 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36276 The function inet_pton() is thread safe with exceptions.
36280 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36281 The function iswdigit() is thread safe with exceptions.
36285 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36286 The function iswgraph() is thread safe with exceptions.
36290 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36291 The function iswlower() is thread safe with exceptions.
36295 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36296 The function iswprint() is thread safe with exceptions.
36300 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36301 The function iswpunct() is thread safe with exceptions.
36305 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36306 The function iswspace() is thread safe with exceptions.
36310 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36311 The function iswupper() is thread safe with exceptions.
36315 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36316 The function iswxdigit() is thread safe with exceptions.
36320 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36321 The function j0(), j1f() jnl() and so on are thread safe.
36325 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36326 Its marking matches glibc marking.
36330 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36331 The function log10(), log10f() and log10l() are thread safe.
36335 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36336 The function log2(), log2f() and log2l() are thread safe.
36340 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36341 The function log(), logf() and logl() are thread safe.
36345 Modify thread-safety information
36346 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36347 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36351 ATTRIBUTES: Note macros that are thread-safe
36352 The macros makedev(), major() and minor() are thread safe.
36356 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36357 The function malloc(), free(), calloc() and realloc() are
36362 Modify thread-safety information
36363 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36364 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36368 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36369 The marking matches glibc marking.
36373 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
36374 The function mbtowc() is not thread safe.
36376 Modify thread-safety information
36377 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36378 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36382 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36383 The function mktemp() is thread safe.
36387 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are not thread-safe
36388 The functions mtrace() and muntrace() are not thread safe.
36392 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36393 The markings match glibc markings.
36397 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36398 The function nl_langinfo() is thread safe with exceptions.
36402 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36403 The markings match glibc markings.
36407 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36408 The function pow10(), pow10f() and pow10l() are thread safe.
36412 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36413 The function pow(), powf() and powl() are thread safe.
36415 pthread_setcancelstate.3
36417 Add async-signal-safety information
36421 Modify thread-safety information
36422 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36423 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36427 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-unsafe
36428 The function putenv() is thread unsafe.
36432 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36433 The functions fputc(), fputs(), putc(), putchar() and puts() are
36438 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36439 The marking matches glibc marking.
36443 Modify thread-safety information
36444 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36445 thread-safety information to be same as glibc manual.
36449 ATTRIBUTES: Note macros that are thread-safe
36450 The functions rand(), rand_r() and srand() are thread safe.
36454 Modify thread-safety information
36455 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36456 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36460 Modify thread-safety information
36461 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36462 thread-safety information to be same as glibc manual.
36466 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36467 The marking matches glibc marking.
36471 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions
36472 The functions regcomp() and regexec() are thread safe with
36474 The functions regerror() and regfree() are thread safe.
36478 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36479 The markings match glibc markings.
36483 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36484 The function scalb(), scalbf() and scalbl() are thread safe.
36488 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-unsafe
36489 The function setenv() and unsetenv() are thread unsafe.
36493 Modify thread-safety information
36494 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36495 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36499 ATTRIBUTES: Note macros that are thread-safe
36500 The functions sigset(), sighold(), sigrelse() and sigignore()
36505 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36506 The function sinh(), sinhf() and sinhl() are thread safe.
36510 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36511 The function sqrt(), sqrtf() and sqrtl() are thread safe.
36515 Modify thread-safety information
36516 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36517 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36521 Modify thread-safety information
36522 Change the thread safety information to be the same as glibc.
36526 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions
36527 The functions strcasecmp() and strncasecmp() are thread safe
36532 Modify thread-safety information
36533 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36534 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36538 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36539 Its marking matches glibc marking.
36543 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36544 The function strfry() is thread safe.
36548 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36549 The function strftime() is thread safe with exceptions.
36553 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36554 The function strptime() is thread safe with exceptions.
36558 Modify thread-safety information
36559 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36560 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36564 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36565 The function strverscmp() is thread safe.
36569 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36570 The marking matches glibc marking.
36574 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions
36575 The functions openlog() and closelog() are thread safe.
36576 The functions syslog() and vsyslog() are thread safe with
36581 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36582 The function tempnam() is thread safe.
36586 Modify thread-safety information
36587 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36588 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36590 Modify thread-safety information
36591 As this is man page for Linux, we don't need thread safety
36592 information for bsd
36596 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36597 The functions tgamma(), tgammaf() and tgammal() in glibc are
36598 thread safe. Its markings match glibc markings.
36602 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread safe with exceptions
36603 The functions timelocal() and timegm() are thread safe with
36608 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36609 Its markings match glibc markings.
36613 Modify thread-safety information
36614 When the argument s is NULL, tmpnam() should be MT-Unsafe.
36618 Modify thread-safety information
36619 After researching and talking, we think toupper() and tolower()
36620 should not be marked with locale.
36621 After changing, the markings match glbc markings.
36625 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36626 The functions' markings match glibc markings.
36630 Modify thread-safety information
36631 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36632 thread-safety information to be same as glibc manual.
36636 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread safe with exceptions
36637 The function tzset() is thread safe with exceptions.
36641 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
36642 Its marking matches glibc marking.
36646 Modify thread-safety information
36647 As annotation in glibc manual is more detailed, change the
36648 thread-safety information to be the same as glibc manual.
36652 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36653 The function y0(), y1f() ynl() and so on are thread safe.
36657 Refer reader to attributes(7) for details of ATTRIBUTES section
36659 SEE ALSO: add attributes(7)
36663 SEE ALSO: add attributes(7)
36667 SEE ALSO: add attributes(7)
36671 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.82 ====================
36673 Released: 2015-03-29, Paris
36678 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
36679 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
36680 incorporated in changes in this release:
36682 Alban Crequy <alban.crequy@gmail.com>
36683 Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
36684 Bert Wesarg <bert.wesarg@googlemail.com>
36685 Bill Pemberton <wfp5p@worldbroken.com>
36686 Chris Delozier <c.s.delozier@gmail.com>
36687 David Madore <david.madore@ens.fr>
36688 Dmitry Deshevoy <mityada@gmail.com>
36689 Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
36690 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
36691 Jakub Wilk <jwilk@debian.org>
36692 Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
36693 Jason Vas Dias <jason.vas.dias@gmail.com>
36694 Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
36695 J William Piggott <elseifthen@gmx.com>
36696 Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
36697 Konstantin Shemyak <konstantin@shemyak.com>
36698 Ma Shimiao <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
36699 Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
36700 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
36701 Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
36702 Mikael Pettersson <mikpelinux@gmail.com>
36703 Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
36704 Nicolas FRANCOIS <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
36705 Paul E Condon <pecondon@mesanetworks.net>
36706 Peter Adkins <peter.adkins@kernelpicnic.net>
36707 Scot Doyle <lkml14@scotdoyle.com>
36708 Shawn Landden <shawn@churchofgit.com>
36709 Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
36710 Stephen Smalley <sds@tycho.nsa.gov>
36711 Taisuke Yamada <tai@rakugaki.org>
36712 Torvald Riegel <triegel@redhat.com>
36713 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.net>
36715 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
36717 Apologies if I missed anyone!
36720 New and rewritten pages
36721 -----------------------
36725 New page with details of the NPTL POSIX threads implementation
36728 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
36729 ---------------------------------------------
36732 Eric W. Biederman [Michael Kerrisk]
36733 Document /proc/[pid]/setgroups
36736 Changes to individual pages
36737 ---------------------------
36741 Prompt is not % but $
36743 Various improvements
36744 - Add reference to other common shells dash(1), ksh(1)
36745 - Add a reference to stdout(3)
36746 - Separate cp and mv descriptions
36747 - Add examples of special cases of cd
36748 - Add su(1) and shutdown(8) references for section Logout
36750 - Move Control-D to section Logout and poweroff
36751 - Fix some little formatting errors
36753 Add cross references cited
36755 Order SEE ALSO section
36759 Document that clone() silently ignores CLONE_PID and CLONE_STOPPED
36760 Normally, system calls return EINVAL for flags they don't support.
36761 Explicitly document that clone does *not* produce an error for
36762 these two obsolete flags.
36764 Small rewording of explanation of clone() wrt threads
36765 Clone has so many effects that it's an oversimplification to say
36766 that the *main* use of clone is to create a thread. (In fact,
36767 the use of clone() to create new processes may well be more
36768 common, since glibc's fork() is a wrapper that calls clone().)
36771 Michael Kerrisk [Shawn Landden]
36772 Add discussion of NPTL credential-changing mechanism
36773 At the kernel level, credentials (UIDs and GIDs) are a per-thread
36774 attribute. NPTL uses a signal-based mechanism to ensure that
36775 when one thread changes its credentials, all other threads change
36776 credentials to the same values. By this means, the NPTL
36777 implementation conforms to the POSIX requirement that the threads
36778 in a process share credentials.
36780 ERRORS: add EPERM for the case where /proc/PID/setgroups is "deny"
36782 Note capability associated with EPERM error for setgroups(2)
36784 Refer reader to user_namespaces(7) for discussion of /proc/PID/setgroups
36785 The discussion of /proc/PID/setgroups has moved from
36786 proc(5) to user_namespaces(7).
36790 Note that getppid() returns 0 if parent is in different PID namespace
36794 Note RETURN VALUE details when netfilter is involved
36797 Heinrich Schuchardt
36798 SEE ALSO ioctl_fat.2
36799 Add FAT_IOCTL_GET_VOLUME_ID
36800 SEE ALSO ioctl_fat.2
36801 Heinrich Schuchardt
36802 include/linux/ext2_fs.h
36803 Include linux/ext2_fs.h does not contain any ioctl definitions
36806 Request codes EXT2_IOC* have been replaced by FS_IOC* in
36809 Some definitions of FS_IOC_* use long* but the actual code expects
36810 int* (see fs/ext2/ioctl.c).
36814 Remove EAGAIN as msgrcv() errno
36815 The list of errnos for msgrcv() lists both EAGAIN and ENOMSG as
36816 the errno for no message available with the IPC_NOWAIT flag.
36817 ENOMSG is the errno that will be set.
36819 Add an example program
36822 Michael Kerrisk [Jason Vas Dias]
36823 Mention blocking semantics for FIFO opens
36824 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=95191
36827 Jann Horn [Kees Cook, Mikael Pettersson, Andy Lutomirski]
36828 Add note about alarm(2) not being sufficient to limit runtime
36830 Explain blacklisting problems, expand example
36831 Michael Kerrisk [Kees Cook]
36832 Add mention of libseccomp
36836 Clarify that setgid() changes all GIDs when caller has CAP_SETGID
36837 Michael Kerrisk [Shawn Landden]
36838 Add discussion of NPTL credential-changing mechanism
36839 At the kernel level, credentials (UIDs and GIDs) are a per-thread
36840 attribute. NPTL uses a signal-based mechanism to ensure that
36841 when one thread changes its credentials, all other threads change
36842 credentials to the same values. By this means, the NPTL
36843 implementation conforms to the POSIX requirement that the threads
36844 in a process share credentials.
36847 Michael Kerrisk [Shawn Landden]
36848 Add discussion of NPTL credential-changing mechanism
36849 At the kernel level, credentials (UIDs and GIDs) are a per-thread
36850 attribute. NPTL uses a signal-based mechanism to ensure that
36851 when one thread changes its credentials, all other threads change
36852 credentials to the same values. By this means, the NPTL
36853 implementation conforms to the POSIX requirement that the threads
36854 in a process share credentials.
36857 Michael Kerrisk [Shawn Landden]
36858 Add discussion of NPTL credential-changing mechanism
36859 At the kernel level, credentials (UIDs and GIDs) are a per-thread
36860 attribute. NPTL uses a signal-based mechanism to ensure that
36861 when one thread changes its credentials, all other threads change
36862 credentials to the same values. By this means, the NPTL
36863 implementation conforms to the POSIX requirement that the threads
36864 in a process share credentials.
36866 SEE ALSO: add credentials(7)
36870 Clarify that setuid() changes all UIDs when caller has CAP_SETUID
36871 Michael Kerrisk [Shawn Landden]
36872 Add discussion of NPTL credential-changing mechanism
36873 At the kernel level, credentials (UIDs and GIDs) are a per-thread
36874 attribute. NPTL uses a signal-based mechanism to ensure that
36875 when one thread changes its credentials, all other threads change
36876 credentials to the same values. By this means, the NPTL
36877 implementation conforms to the POSIX requirement that the threads
36878 in a process share credentials.
36882 Add discussion of rt_sigaction(2)
36884 Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL
36885 The glibc wrapper gives an EINVAL error on attempts to change the
36886 disposition of either of the two real-time signals used by NPTL.
36890 Add discussion of rt_sigpending(2)
36894 Add discussion of rt_sigprocmask(2)
36896 Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL
36897 The glibc wrapper silently ignores attempts to block the two
36898 real-time signals used by NPTL.
36902 Add discussion of rt_sigreturn(2)
36906 Add discussion of rt_sigsuspend(2)
36910 Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL
36911 The glibc wrappers silently ignore attempts to wait for
36912 signals used by NPTL.
36914 Add discussion of rt_sigtimedwait(2)
36917 Heinrich Schuchardt
36919 The description mentions close(2). Hence it should also be
36920 referenced in the SEE ALSO section.
36928 Document the effect of shared subtrees on umount(2)
36930 Correct the description of MNT_DETACH
36931 I recently realized that I had been reasoning improperly about
36932 what umount(MNT_DETACH) did based on an insufficient description
36933 in the umount.2 man page, that matched my intuition but not the
36936 When there are no submounts, MNT_DETACH is essentially harmless to
36937 applications. Where there are submounts, MNT_DETACH changes what
36938 is visible to applications using the detach directories.
36940 Move "shared mount + umount" text to a subsection in NOTES
36944 Document the return value on error
36945 Reported by Alexander Holler <holler@ahsoftware.de>
36949 CLOCKS_PER_SEC = 1000000 is required by XSI, not POSIX
36950 Debian Bug #728213 reported by Tanaka Akira <akr@fsij.org>
36952 See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=728213
36956 Amend error in description of dlclose() behavior
36957 The current text says that unloading depends on whether
36958 the reference count falls to zero *and no other libraries
36959 are using symbols in this library*. That latter text has
36960 been there since man-pages-1.29, but it seems rather dubious.
36961 How could the implementation know whether other libraries
36962 are still using symbols in this library? Furthermore, no
36963 other implementation's man page mentions this point.
36964 Seems best to drop this point.
36966 Add some details for RTLD_DEFAULT
36968 Add some details on RTLD_NEXT and preloading
36970 RTLD_NEXT works for symbols generally, not just functions
36971 The common use case is for functions, but RTLD_NEXT
36972 also applies to variable symbols.
36974 dlclose() recursively closes dependent libraries
36975 Note that dlclose() recursively closes dependent libraries
36976 that were loaded by dlopen()
36978 Rename second dlopen() argument from "flag" to "flags"
36979 This is more consistent with other such arguments
36981 Reformat text on RTLD_DEFAULT and RTLD_NEXT
36985 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36986 The markings match glibc markings.
36990 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36991 The marking matches glibc marking.
36995 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
36996 The marking matches glibc marking.
37000 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
37001 The marking matches glibc marking.
37005 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37006 The markings match glibc markings.
37010 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37011 The markings match glibc markings.
37015 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
37016 The marking matches glibc marking.
37020 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37021 The marking matches glibc marking.
37025 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
37026 The marking matches glibc marking.
37030 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37031 The markings match glibc markings.
37035 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
37036 The marking matches glibc marking.
37040 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37041 The markings match glibc markings.
37045 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
37046 The markings match glibc markings.
37050 Add EINVAL error case for invalid name
37051 This behavior is implementation-defined by POSIX. If the name
37052 doesn't start with a '/', glibc returns EINVAL without attempting
37057 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37058 The marking matches glibc marking.
37062 Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL
37063 The glibc pthread_kill() function gives an error on attempts
37064 to send either of the real-time signals used by NPTL.
37068 Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL
37069 The glibc implementation silently ignores attempts to block the two
37070 real-time signals used by NPTL.
37074 Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL
37075 The glibc pthread_sigqueue() function gives an error on attempts
37076 to send either of the real-time signals used by NPTL.
37079 Stéphane Aulery [Jakub Wilk]
37080 Document missing options used by _res structure indicate defaults
37081 Missing options: RES_INSECURE1, RES_INSECURE2, RES_NOALIASES,
37082 USE_INET6, ROTATE, NOCHECKNAME, RES_KEEPTSIG, BLAST, USEBSTRING,
37083 NOIP6DOTINT, USE_EDNS0, SNGLKUP, SNGLKUPREOP, RES_USE_DNSSEC,
37084 NOTLDQUERY, DEFAULT
37086 Written from the glibc source and resolv.conf.5.
37088 See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=527136
37090 RES_IGNTC is implemented
37094 Document that halfway cases are rounded to even
37095 Per IEEE-754 rounding rules.
37097 The round(3) page describes the behavior of rint and nearbyint
37098 in the halfway cases by saying:
37100 These functions round x to the nearest integer, but round
37101 halfway cases away from zero [...], instead of to the
37102 nearest even integer like rint(3)
37106 NOTES: add "C library/kernel ABI differences" subheading
37108 Clarify version info (mention rt_sigqueueinfo())
37112 Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL
37113 The glibc sigfillset() function excludes the two real-time
37114 signals used by NPTL.
37118 Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL
37119 The glibc sigwait() silently ignore attempts to wait for
37120 signals used by NPTL.
37124 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
37125 The markings match glibc markings.
37129 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37130 The marking matches glibc marking.
37134 Add 'std' quoting information
37138 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
37139 The marking matches glibc marking.
37143 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
37144 The marking matches glibc marking.
37148 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
37149 The marking matches glibc marking.
37153 Clarified incompatibility and correct usage of XDR API
37154 See http://bugs.debian.org/628099
37158 Add Console Private CSI sequence 15
37159 An undocumented escape sequence in drivers/tty/vt/vt.c brings the
37160 previously accessed virtual terminal to the foreground.
37161 mtk: Patch misattributed to Taisuke Yamada in Git commit
37162 because of a muck up on my part.
37164 Add kernel version number for CSI sequence 15
37168 Fix permissions shown for the devices
37169 These days, the devices are RW for everyone.
37173 Remove dubious claim about comparative performance of ext2
37174 Perhaps it was the best filesystem performance-wise in
37175 the 20th century, when that text was written. That probably
37176 ceased to be true quite a long time ago, though.
37178 Add cross references for ext filesystems
37180 Specifies the scope of this list and its limits.
37185 Stéphane Aulery [Paul E Condon]
37186 Cross references of these pages.
37187 See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=298259
37191 Rework discussion of nospoof, spoofalert, spoof and RESOLV_SPOOF_CHECK
37192 The keywords and environment variables "nospoof", "spoofalert",
37193 "spoof" and RESOLV_SPOOF_CHECK were added to glibc 2.0.7 but
37196 Move descriptions to historical section and reorder it for clarity
37198 See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=773443
37201 Stéphane Aulery [Vincent Lefevre]
37202 Mention 127.0.1.1 for FQDN and IPv6 examples
37203 See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=562890
37207 Document /proc/PID/status VmPin field
37208 See https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1071746
37210 Document (the obsolete) /proc/PID/seccomp
37212 Replace description of 'uid_map' with a reference to user_namespaces(7)
37213 All of the information in proc(5) was also present in
37214 user_namespaces(7), but the latter was more detailed
37217 Fix SELinux /proc/pid/attr/current example
37218 Since the /proc/pid/attr API was added to the kernel, there
37219 have been a couple of changes to the SELinux handling of
37220 /proc/pid/attr/current. Fix the SELinux /proc/pid/attr/current
37221 example text to reflect these changes and note which kernel
37222 versions first included the changes.
37225 Stéphane Aulery [Nicolas FRANCOIS]
37226 Note that the pam_securetty module also uses this file
37227 See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=528015
37229 This patch is a modified version of the one proposed without
37230 parts specific to Debian.
37235 While a lot of the changes are issues of presentation,
37236 there are also issues of grammar and punctuation.
37238 Mention `systemd(1)' and its related `bootup(7)'
37239 It's important that the reader receive contemporary information.
37243 SEE ALSO: add pthreads(7)
37245 Add reference to nptl(7)
37247 feature_test_macros.7
37249 Update discussion of _FORTIFY_SOURCE
37250 Since the initial implementation a lot more checks were added.
37251 Describe all the checks would be too verbose (and would soon
37252 fall out of date as more checks are added). So instead, describe
37253 the kinds of checks that are done more generally.
37254 Also a few other minor edits to the text.
37258 First patch of a series to achieve compliance with FHS 2.3
37260 SGML and XML directories are separated in FHS 2.3
37262 Add missing directories defined by FHS 2.3
37264 Identify which directories are optional
37266 Document /initrd, /lost+found and /sys
37267 Ubuntu Bug #70094 reported by Brian Beck
37268 https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/70094
37270 Explain YP, which is not obvious
37273 Stéphane Aulery [David Madore]
37274 SOL_IPV6 and other SOL_* options socket are not portable
37275 See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=472447
37278 Michael Kerrisk [Bill Pemberton]
37279 Add indent(1) command that produces desired formatting for example code
37281 Improve description of sections in accordance with intro pages
37285 Rework description of fanout algorithms as list
37287 Remove mention of needing UID 0 to create packet socket
37288 The existing text makes no sense. The check is based
37289 purely on a capability check. (Kernel function
37290 net/packet/af_packet.c::packet_create()
37292 Remove text about ancient glibc not defining SOL_PACKET
37293 This was fixed in glibc 2.1.1, which is a long while ago.
37294 And in any case, there is nothing special about this case;
37295 it's just one of those times when glibc lags.
37297 Rework description of 'sockaddr_ll' fields as a list
37299 Various minor edits
37303 Add references to nptl(7)
37307 Rephrase "Linux 2.2" language to "Linux 2.2 or later"
37308 The man page was written in the LInux 2.2 timeframe, and
37309 some phrasing was not future-proof.
37313 Note when Linux added realtime signals
37315 Correct the range of realtime signals
37317 Summarize 2.2 system call changes that resulted from larger signal sets
37319 SEE ALSO: add nptl(7)
37323 Document removal of TCP_SYNQ_HSIZE
37324 Looking over the man page for 'tcp' I came across a reference to
37325 tuning the 'TCP_SYNQ_HSIZE' parameter when increasing
37326 'tcp_max_syn_backlog' above 1024. However, this static sizing was
37327 removed back in Linux 2.6.20 in favor of dynamic scaling - as
37328 part of commit 72a3effaf633bcae9034b7e176bdbd78d64a71db.
37332 Update the documentation to reflect the fixes for negative groups
37333 Files with access permissions such as rwx---rwx give fewer
37334 permissions to their group then they do to everyone else. Which
37335 means dropping groups with setgroups(0, NULL) actually grants a
37336 process privileges.
37338 The unprivileged setting of gid_map turned out not to be safe
37339 after this change. Privileged setting of gid_map can be
37340 interpreted as meaning yes it is ok to drop groups. [ Eric
37341 additionally noted: Setting of gid_map with privilege has been
37342 clarified to mean that dropping groups is ok. This allows
37343 existing programs that set gid_map with privilege to work
37344 without changes. That is, newgidmap(1) continues to work
37347 To prevent this problem and future problems, user namespaces were
37348 changed in such a way as to guarantee a user can not obtain
37349 credentials without privilege that they could not obtain without
37350 the help of user namespaces.
37352 This meant testing the effective user ID and not the filesystem
37353 user ID, as setresuid(2) and setregid(2) allow setting any process
37354 UID or GID (except the supplementary groups) to the effective ID.
37356 Furthermore, to preserve in some form the useful applications
37357 that have been setting gid_map without privilege, the file
37358 /proc/[pid]/setgroups was added to allow disabling setgroups(2).
37359 With setgroups(2) permanently disabled in a user namespace, it
37360 again becomes safe to allow writes to gid_map without privilege.
37362 Rework some text describing permission rules for updating map files
37363 No (intentional) change to the facts, but this restructuring
37364 should make the meaning easier to grasp.
37366 Update kernel version associated with 5-line limit for map files
37367 As at Linux 3.18, the limit is still five lines, so mention the
37368 more recent kernel version in the text.
37369 Michael Kerrisk [Alban Crequy]
37370 Handle /proc/PID/setgroups in the example program
37372 Rework text describing restrictions on updating /proc/PID/setgroups
37373 No (intentional) changes to factual description, but the
37374 restructured text is hopefully easier to grasp.
37376 Explain why the /proc/PID/setgroups file was added
37380 Note use of /lib64 and /usr/lib64 on some 64-bit architectures
37384 Note the use of /lib64 and /usr/lib64 on some 64-bit architectures
37388 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.83 ====================
37390 Released: 2015-04-19, Munich
37396 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
37397 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
37398 incorporated in changes in this release:
37400 Andreas Baak <andreas.baak@gmail.com>
37401 Andreas Dilger <adilger@dilger.ca>
37402 cdlscpmv <cdlscpmv@gmail.com>
37403 Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
37404 Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
37405 David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
37406 Dima Tisnek <dimaqq@gmail.com>
37407 Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
37408 Fabien Pichot <fpichot@bouledef.eu>
37409 Felix Sedlmeier <sedlmeier@gmx.de>
37410 Gleb Fotengauer-Malinovskiy <glebfm@altlinux.org>
37411 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
37412 Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
37413 Jon Grant <jg@jguk.org>
37414 Jonny Grant <jg@jguk.org>
37415 Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
37416 Masanari Iida <standby24x7@gmail.com>
37417 Ma Shimiao <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
37418 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
37419 Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org>
37420 Omar Sandoval <osandov@osandov.com>
37421 Pierre Chifflier <pollux@debian.org>
37422 Robin H. Johnson <robbat2@gentoo.org>
37423 Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
37424 Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
37425 Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
37426 Walter Harms <wharms@bfs.de>
37427 William Woodruff <william@tuffbizz.com>
37428 YOSHIFUJI Hideaki <hideaki.yoshifuji@miraclelinux.com>
37429 Zeng Linggang <zenglg.jy@cn.fujitsu.com>
37431 Apologies if I missed anyone!
37434 New and rewritten pages
37435 -----------------------
37439 New page documenting posix_madvise(3)
37443 Reorganize the page to give primacy to nftw()
37444 nftw() is the better API, and POSIX.1-2008 marks ftw() obsolete.
37446 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
37447 ---------------------------------------------
37450 Michael Kerrisk [Dima Tisnek]
37451 Document getdents64()
37452 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14795
37455 Michael Kerrisk, Theodore Ts'o [Eric Sandeen, Andreas Dilger,
37456 Omar Sandoval, Darrick J. Wong]
37457 Document MS_LAZYTIME
37461 Document /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space
37463 Document /proc/PID/fdinfo epoll format
37465 Describe /proc/PID/fdinfo eventfd format
37467 Document /proc/PID/fdinfo signalfd format
37470 New and changed links
37471 ---------------------
37475 New link to fstatat64.2
37479 New link to getrlimit.2
37485 Various section 3 math pages
37487 Note that these functions are also in POSIX.1-2001 and POSIX.1-2008
37490 Changes to individual pages
37491 ---------------------------
37496 The options to getent are now documented, after being around for
37497 nearly a decade without changes.
37499 Document help and version options
37503 Fix kernel version number for FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE
37504 FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE was added in 3.15, not 3.14.
37506 Note that SMB3 added FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE support in Linux 3.17
37510 Note that the underlying system call for prlimit() is prlimit64()
37512 Remove "_FILE_OFFSET_BITS == 64" from prlimit() FTM requirements
37513 "_FILE_OFFSET_BITS == 64" is not needed to get the prlimit()
37517 Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos
37518 SIOCADDRT accepts in6_rtmsg in INET6 protocol
37519 Heinrich Schuchardt
37521 timerfd_create.2 mentions TFD_IOC_SET_TICKS. We should add it to
37526 Advise reader to use lseek(2) instead
37528 llseek() exists on 32-bit platforms to support seeking to large offsets
37532 Specify MADV_REMOVE returns EINVAL for hugetlbfs
37533 madvise(2) actually returns with error EINVAL for MADV_REMOVE
37534 when used for hugetlb VMAs, not EOPNOTSUPP, and this has been
37535 the case since MADV_REMOVE was introduced in commit f6b3ec238d12
37536 ("madvise(MADV_REMOVE): remove pages from tmpfs shm backing
37537 store"). Specify the exact behavior.
37539 SEE ALSO: add posix_madvise(2)
37542 Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Baak]
37543 SEE ALSO: add epoll(7)
37547 Add "C library/kernel ABI differences" subsection
37551 Add "C library/kernel ABI differences" subsection
37554 Michael Kerrisk [Pierre Chifflier, Kees Cook]
37555 Note that seccomp_data is read-only
37559 Add some details on various "stat" versions
37560 Three versions of "stat" appeared on 32-bit systems,
37561 dealing with structures of different (increasing) sizes.
37562 Explain some of the details, and also note that the
37563 situation is simpler on modern 64-bit architectures.
37565 Add mention of newfstatat()
37566 The underlying system call for fstatat() is newfstatat()
37567 on some architectures.
37570 Michael Kerrisk [Jonny Grant]
37571 ERRORS: add linkpath=="" case for ENOENT
37576 There really is only the prlimit64() system call.
37578 Add some details about the "multiple versions of system calls"
37579 The multiple-system-call-version phenomenon is particularly a
37580 feature of older 32-bit platforms. Hint at that fact in the text.
37583 Cyrill Gorcunov [Michael Kerrisk]
37584 Document TFD_IOC_SET_TICKS ioctl() operation
37586 Add some details to C library/kernel ABI differences
37589 Michael Kerrisk [Fabien Pichot]
37590 Remove mention of "System V" from discussion of CLONE_NEWIPC
37591 These days, CLONE_NEWIPC also affects POSIX message queues.
37595 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37599 Add introductory sentence explaining what these functions calculate
37603 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37605 Add introductory sentence explaining what these functions calculate
37609 Add introductory sentence explaining what these functions calculate
37613 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37617 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that is thread-safe
37621 Add introductory sentence explaining what these functions calculate
37625 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37627 Add introductory sentence explaining what these functions calculate
37631 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37633 Add introductory sentence explaining what these functions calculate
37637 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37639 Simplify description of what these functions calculate
37643 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37645 Add introductory sentence explaining what these functions calculate
37649 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37651 Add introductory sentence explaining what these functions calculate
37655 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
37659 SYNOPSIS: Clarify calling signature for execl() and execlp()
37660 Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Baak]
37661 Correct prototype for execle()
37662 Make the prototype shown into correct C.
37665 Michael Kerrisk [Felix Sedlmeier]
37666 ftw() and nftw() differ for the non-stat-able symlink case
37667 The POSIX specification of ftw() says that an un-stat-able
37668 symlink may yield either FTW_NS or FTW_SL. The specification
37669 of nftw() does not carry this statement.
37671 CONFORMING TO: add POSIX.1-2008
37673 Update POSIX version references in NOTES
37676 Jann Horn [Michael Kerrisk]
37677 Note behavior for unreachable current working directory
37682 Michael Kerrisk [Jonny Grant]
37683 Clarify that NO_ADDRESS and NO_DATA are synonyms
37685 Add some detail for NO_DATA
37686 Text consistent with POSIX and FreeBSD's gethostbyname() man page.
37688 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
37692 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
37696 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37700 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
37704 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
37708 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37712 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
37716 Clarify details with respect to 32-bit and 64-bit systems
37724 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that isn't thread-safe
37728 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that isn't thread-safe
37732 Add "C library/kernel ABI differences" subsection
37735 Michael Kerrisk [Fabien Pichot]
37736 NOTES: explain differences from the underlying system call
37737 The check for the slash at the start of a pathname is done in glibc
37741 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
37745 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
37749 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
37753 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37754 Walter Harms [Michael Kerrisk]
37755 Simplify the example code
37758 Michael Kerrisk [Rob Landley]
37759 alphasort() and versionsort() are not suitable for 'compar'
37760 In glibc 2.10, the prototypes of alphasort() and versionsort()
37761 were changed so that the arguments switched from 'const void *' to
37762 'const struct dirent **', to match the POSIX.1-2008 specification
37763 of alphasort(). As such, compiler warnings will result if
37764 these functions are used as the arguments of qsort().
37766 warning: passing argument 4 of 'qsort' from incompatible
37768 expected '__compar_fn_t' but argument is of type
37769 'int (*)(const struct dirent **, const struct dirent **)'
37771 Therefore, remove the ancient NOTES text suggesting that
37772 alphasort() and versionsort() can be used as suitable
37773 'compar' arguments for qsort().
37776 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
37781 glibc 2.10 changed the argument types for alphasort() and versionsort()
37783 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37787 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37791 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
37795 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37798 Michael Kerrisk [Jonny Grant]
37799 Clarify that strcasecmp() does a byte-wise comparison
37801 CONFORMING TO: add POSIX.1-2008
37805 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
37809 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
37813 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that isn't thread-safe
37817 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that isn't thread-safe
37821 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that isn't thread-safe
37825 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
37829 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
37833 Describe "mnt_id" field of /proc/PID/fdinfo
37835 Note that abstract sockets are included in /proc/net/unix
37837 Update description /proc/sys/unix 'Type' field
37838 The existing text was very crufty. UNIX domain sockets
37839 support more than SOCK_STREAM for a _very_ long time now.
37841 Add some detail to /proc/PID/timers
37842 Michael Kerrisk [Vlastimil Babka]
37843 Enhance discussion of /proc/PID/status 'VmSwap' field
37847 SEE ALSO: add poll(2) and select(2)
37850 YOSHIFUJI Hideaki/吉藤英明
37851 Document net.ipv4.ping_group_range knob
37855 Add reference to timer_create(2)
37858 ==================== Changes in man-pages-4.00 ====================
37860 Released: 2015-05-07, Munich
37866 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
37867 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
37868 incorporated in changes in this release:
37870 Advait Dixi <advaitdixit@hotmail.com>
37871 Alain Kalker <a.c.kalker@gmail.com>
37872 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
37873 Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
37874 Andreas Heiduk <asheiduk@googlemail.com>
37875 Askar Safin <safinaskar@mail.ru>
37876 Brice Goglin <Brice.Goglin@inria.fr>
37877 Cameron Norman <camerontnorman@gmail.com>
37878 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
37879 Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
37880 Christophe Lohr <Christophe.Lohr@telecom-bretagne.eu>
37881 Christopher Head <chead@chead.ca>
37882 Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
37883 David Wilcox <davidvsthegiant@gmail.com>
37884 Denis Du <denisdu@ruggedcom.com>
37885 Egmont Koblinger <egmont@gmail.com>
37886 Filipe Brandenburger <filbranden@gmail.com>
37887 Filipus Klutiero <chealer@gmail.com>
37888 Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
37889 Frédéric Maria <frederic.maria@free.fr>
37890 Gleb Fotengauer-Malinovskiy <glebfm@altlinux.org>
37891 Graham Shaw <gdshaw@riscpkg.org>
37892 Gregor Jasny <igjasny@googlemail.com>
37893 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
37894 Guy Harris <guy@alum.mit.edu>
37895 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
37896 Ian Pilcher <arequipeno@gmail.com>
37897 Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
37898 Jason Newton <nevion@gmail.com>
37899 J. Bruce Fields <bfields@fieldses.org>
37900 Jiri Pirko <jpirko@redhat.com>
37901 Joachim Wuttke <j.wuttke@fz-juelich.de>
37902 Joern Heissler <contact@joern.heissler.de>
37903 Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
37904 Joonas Salo <salo.joonas@gmail.com>
37905 Jussi Lehtola <jussilehtola@fedoraproject.org>
37906 Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
37907 KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
37908 Laurence Gonsalves <laurence@xenomachina.com>
37909 Magnus REFTEL <magnus.xm.reftel@stericsson.com>
37910 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
37911 NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
37912 Regid Ichira <regid23@nt1.in>
37913 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
37914 Steinar H. Gunderson <sgunderson@bigfoot.com>
37915 Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
37916 Stephane Fillod <fillods@users.sf.net>
37917 Tetsuo Handa <from-linux-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
37918 Thomas Hood <jdthood@gmail.com>
37919 Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
37920 Vasiliy Kulikov <segooon@gmail.com>
37921 Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
37922 Weijie Yang <weijie.yang@samsung.com>
37923 William Woodruff <william@tuffbizz.com>
37924 Zeng Linggang <zenglg.jy@cn.fujitsu.com>
37926 Apologies if I missed anyone!
37929 New and rewritten pages
37930 -----------------------
37934 Document get_phys_pages() and get_avphys_pages()
37937 Urs Thuermann, Michael Kerrisk
37938 New page documenting the loop device
37941 Andreas Gruenbacher
37942 Import attr(5) man page from the 'attr' project
37943 After discussions with Andreas Gruenbacher, it makes sense to
37944 move this page into man-pages, since it mostly relates to
37945 kernel details. Since this is an overview page,
37946 we'll move it to Section 7.
37949 "xattr" is a more meaningful name than "attr" (it resonates
37950 with the names of the system calls), so as long as we are
37951 moving the page to a new section, we'll change the name as well,
37952 and retain an acl(5) link so that old references remain valid.
37955 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
37956 ---------------------------------------------
37959 Michael Kerrisk [Andi Kleen]
37960 Document MAP_HUGE_2MB, MAP_HUGE_1GB, and MAP_HUGE_SHIFT
37963 Michael Kerrisk [Andi Kleen]
37964 Document SHM_HUGE_2MB, SHM_HUGE_1GB, and SHM_HUGE_SHIFT
37967 Michael Kerrisk [Jonathan Nieder]
37968 Add descriptions of some other resolver functions
37969 Add res_ninit(), res_nquery(), res_nsearch(),
37970 and res_nquerydomain(), res_nmkquery(), res_nsend().
37973 Frédéric Maria [Stephane Fillod, Andreas Heiduk]
37974 Document TIOCMIWAIT and TIOCGICOUNT
37980 Document TIOCSPTLCK
37982 Document TIOCGPTLCK
37985 New and changed links
37986 ---------------------
37990 New link to cmsg(3)
37994 New link to cmsg(3)
37998 Convert to a link to printf.3
38002 New link to new get_phys_pages.3 page
38011 New links to resolver(3) man page
38019 New link to xattr(7)
38033 Tighter wording: 'mode bit' rather than 'permission bit'
38034 For sticky, set-UID, and set-GID mode bits (as used in POSIX).
38037 Changes to individual pages
38038 ---------------------------
38044 SEE ALSO: add keyrings(7)
38049 SEE ALSO: add keyctl(3)
38053 After EPOLLHUP, EOF will be seen only after all data has been consumed
38057 Clarify that signal mask treatment in epoll_pwait() is per-thread
38058 s/sigprocmask()/pthread_sigmask()/
38061 Michael Kerrisk [Vegard Nossum]
38062 Note an F_SETSIG corner case
38064 get_mempolicy.2, set_mempolicy
38066 Policy is per thread, not per process
38074 Adjust "attr(5)" references to "xattr(7)"
38078 SEE ALSO: add console_ioctl(2) and tty_ioctl(2)
38083 Describe listxattr(2) E2BIG error and document it as a BUG
38087 Wording fixes + point reader at stat(2) for explanation of file mode
38088 Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Grünbacher]
38089 Further tweaks to text on S_ISVTX and 'mode' argument
38093 Rewordings + point reader at stat(2) for details of mode bits
38097 Remove text that implies that munmap() syncs MAP_SHARED mapping to file
38098 The existing text in this page:
38100 MAP_SHARED Share this mapping. Updates to the mapping
38101 are visible to other processes that map this
38102 file, and are carried through to the underly‐
38103 ing file. The file may not actually be
38104 updated until msync(2) or munmap() is called.
38106 implies that munmap() will sync the mapping to the underlying
38107 file. POSIX doesn't require this, and some light reading of the
38108 code and some light testing (fsync() after munmap() of a large
38109 file) also indicates that Linux doesn't do this.
38113 Rework text of DESCRIPTION
38114 Rewrite the text somewhat, for easier comprehension.
38115 No (intentional) changes to factual content
38118 Michael Kerrisk [J. Bruce Fields]
38119 Note that nfsservctl() was replaced by files in nfsd filesystem
38122 Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Gruenbacher]
38123 open() honors the S_ISVTX, S_ISUID, and S_ISGID bits in 'mode'
38125 Tighten wording: use 'mode bit' rather than 'permission bit'
38126 Michael Kerrisk [NeilBrown]
38127 BUGS: O_CREAT | O_DIRECTORY succeeds if pathname does not exist
38130 Michael Kerrisk [Ian Pilcher]
38131 Clarify that signal mask treatment in ppoll() is per-thread
38132 s/sigprocmask()/pthread_sigmask()/
38133 Michael Kerrisk [Sam Varshavchik]
38134 After POLLHUP, EOF will be seen only after all data has been consumed
38136 Make it clearer which bits are ignored in 'events'
38139 Michael Kerrisk [David Wilcox, Filipe Brandenburger]
38140 Note that "parent" for purposes of PR_SET_DEATHSIG is a *thread*
38141 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43300
38144 Michael Kerrisk [Jason Newton]
38145 Note that sendfile does not support O_APPEND for 'out_fd'
38146 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=82841
38147 Michael Kerrisk [Gregor Jasny]
38148 RETURN VALUE: note the possibility of "short sends"
38149 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=97491
38150 Michael Kerrisk [Askar Safin]
38151 Clarify text on 'out_fd' and regular files in Linux 2.4
38152 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=86001
38155 Michael Kerrisk [Stéphane Aulery]
38156 BUGS: UNIX domain sockets now detect invalid 'how' values
38157 Bug fixed in Linux 3.7.
38158 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=47111
38162 Refer the reader to fcntl(2) F_SETSIG for further details on si_fd
38166 Add note about stat() being racy
38167 Andreas Gruenbacher
38168 Improve description of some mode constants
38169 Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Grünbacher]
38170 Remove excessive leading zeros on some constants
38172 Add text on POSIX terms "file mode bits" and "file permission bits"
38173 Recent changes to various pages employ this distinction.
38175 Tighten wording: use 'mode bit' rather than 'permission bit'
38176 According to POSIX, the 9 UGO*RWX bits are permissions, and
38177 'mode' is used to refer to collectively to those bits plus sticky,
38178 set-UID, and set_GID bits.
38182 SEE ALSO: add dmesg(1)
38188 Andreas Gruenbacher
38189 Explain what default ACLs do
38190 Explain the effect that default ACLs have (instead of the umask)
38191 in umask.2. Mention that default ACLs can have an affect in
38192 open.2, mknod.2, and mkdir.2.
38195 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer]
38196 Give the reader a hint that unshare() works on processes or threads
38197 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=59281
38201 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
38205 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
38208 Michael Kerrisk [Christopher Head]
38209 Fix error in SCM_RIGHTS code sample
38210 Remove erroneous second initialization of msg.msg_controllen
38211 in the example code for SCM_RIGHTS.
38212 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=15952
38216 Clarify language about "available" cpus
38217 The CPU_SET.3 man page uses the adjective "available" when
38218 explaining what the argument to CPU_SET() means. This is
38219 confusing, since "available" isn't well-defined. The kernel
38220 has a set of adjectives (possible, present, online, and active)
38221 that qualify cpus, but normally none of these are what the
38222 cpu_set_t bit index means: it's just "which cpu", using the
38223 kernel's internal numbering system, even if that cpu isn't
38224 possible or present.
38226 This change removes the word "available" and adds a sentence
38227 warning that cpu sets may not be contiguous due to dynamic
38232 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
38236 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
38240 NSS plugins searched first
38242 "order" is obsolete
38246 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are/aren't thread-safe
38250 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are/aren't thread-safe
38254 Use exit() rather than return in main()
38257 Michael Kerrisk [Guy Harris]
38258 Remove crufty BUGS section
38259 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=90261
38263 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
38267 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
38271 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
38275 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
38279 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
38283 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
38286 Michael Kerrisk [Egmont Koblinger]
38287 Merge dprintf() and vdprintf() discussion into this page
38289 SEE ALSO: add puts(3)
38291 Move return value discussion to proper RETURN VALUE section
38295 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
38299 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
38302 Michael Kerrisk [Laurence Gonsalves]
38303 Fix error in description of 'cflags'
38304 'cflags' is a bit mask of *zero* (not one) or more flags.
38308 Add info about RES_INSECURE1 and RES_INSECURE2 option in debug mode
38312 Improve description of %n specifier
38316 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
38320 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that isn't thread-safe
38324 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that isn't thread-safe
38328 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that isn't thread-safe
38332 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that isn't thread-safe
38336 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
38340 Remove documented functions
38343 Michael Kerrisk [Denis Du]
38344 Fix error in code example
38347 Michael Kerrisk [Cameron Norman, Vasiliy Kulikov]
38348 Document /proc mount options
38349 Document the 'hidepid' and 'gid' mount options that were added in
38350 Linux 3.3. See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=90641
38351 Based on text by Vasiliy Kulikov in
38352 Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt.
38353 Michael Kerrisk [Kirill A. Shutemov]
38354 Improve description of /proc/PID/status
38356 Document /proc/PID/exe behaviour on unlinked pathnames
38357 Michael Kerrisk [Weijie Yang]
38358 Document /proc/PID/status VmPMD
38361 Stéphane Aulery [Thomas Hood]
38362 Document use-vc option added to glibc 2.14
38363 Fix Ubuntu bug #1110781:
38364 https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/1110781
38365 Stéphane Aulery [Thomas Hood]
38366 Document RES_SNGLKUPREOP
38367 Fix Ubuntu bug #1110781:
38368 https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/1110781
38372 Add various details on version 2 format
38376 Add details and update URL for OLS 2003 paper on AIO
38379 Michael Kerrisk [Alain Kalker]
38380 Update discussion of 'debug' option
38381 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=97161
38383 Summary of multiple changes: remove cruft from this page.
38384 Much of the detail on hardware specifics in this page dates
38385 from the 20th century. (The last major update to this page was in
38386 man-pages-1.14!) It's hugely out of date now (many of these
38387 devices disappeared from the kernel years ago.) So, I've taken
38388 a large scythe to the page to remove anything that looks
38389 seriously dated. In the process, the page has shrunk to less
38390 than 50% of its previous size.
38392 Remove "buff=" details
38393 This seems to have gone away in Linux 2.2.
38395 Remove crufty "Mouse drivers" options
38397 Remove crufty "General non-device-specific boot arguments" options
38399 Remove crufty "Hard disks" options
38401 Remove crufty "mem=" details
38403 Remove crufty details on IBM MCA bus devices
38405 Remove 'swap=" details
38406 This seems to have gone away in Linux 2.2,
38408 Remove crufty floppy disk driver options
38409 In the specific case of floppy drives: the drivers still
38410 exist, but it's been a while since most of saw these devices
38411 in the wild. So, just refer the reader to the kernel source
38412 file for details. (The detail in this man page was after all
38413 originally drawn from that file.)
38414 Remove crufty "ISDN drivers" options
38416 Remove crufty "line printer driver" options
38418 Remove crufty "Serial port drivers" options
38420 Remove crufty reference to CONFIG_BUGi386
38421 That option disappeared in Linux 2.4.
38424 "bootsetups array" dates from Linux 2.0.
38426 Remove crufty "Video hardware" options
38428 Remove crufty SCSI device driver options
38431 Michael Kerrisk [Heinrich Schuchardt]
38432 Since Linux 3.19, fallocate(2) generates FAN_MODIFY events
38435 Michael Kerrisk [Heinrich Schuchardt]
38436 Since Linux 3.19, fallocate(2) generates IN_MODIFY events
38440 Explain how IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP determines its argument type
38441 Michael Kerrisk [Jiri Pirko, Magnus REFTEL]
38442 Clarify details of the IP_MULTICAST_IF socket option
38443 Michael Kerrisk [Advait Dixi]
38444 Remove dubious text that says that SO_PRIORITY sets IP TOS
38445 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=35852
38447 Relocate misplaced text describing ENOPROTOOPT error
38451 Add sll_protocol to list of required fields for outbound packets
38454 Michael Kerrisk [KOSAKI Motohiro]
38455 Using thread IDs whose lifetime has expired gives undefined behavior
38456 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=53061
38459 Michael Kerrisk [Tetsuo Handa]
38460 For incoming datagrams, sin_port is set to zero
38462 Mention sendto(), recvfrom(), and so on when discussing address format
38463 This gives the reader a little context for the following
38464 discussion of 'sin_port'.
38466 Remove crufty reference to <netinet/in.h>
38468 Replace reference to RFC 1700 with pointer to IANA protocol number list
38471 Michael Kerrisk [Steinar H. Gunderson]
38472 Clarify that I/O operations on disks are not interrupted by signals
38473 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=97721
38476 Michael Kerrisk [Christophe Lohr]
38477 Remove mention of UNIX_PATH_MAX
38478 This kernel constant is not exposed to user space.
38480 Note the 108 bytes for sun_path is how things are done on Linux
38481 And refer the reader to NOTES for discussion of portability.
38485 Document EA limits for Btrfs
38487 Document VFS-imposed limits on EAs
38488 VFS imposes a 255-byte limit on EA names, and a 64kB limit on
38491 The ext[234] block limitation applies to sum of all EAs
38492 It is not a per-EA limit.
38494 Clarify permissions required to work with 'user' EAs
38496 ext2 and ext3 no longer need mounting with 'user_xattr' for user EAs
38498 Add various relevant pages to SEE ALSO
38500 Add CONFORMING TO section
38502 Modify headings to man-pages norms
38504 Btrfs also supports extended attributes
38506 File capabilities are implemented using *security* attributes
38507 Not *system* attributes
38509 Describe limit on EA values for JFS, XFS, and Reiserfs
38511 Explicitly mention some of the xattr system calls in DESCRIPTION
38512 Naming the system calls helps to orient the reader
38516 Add mention of 'services' and 'netgroup' databases
38517 This makes the page consistent with nscd.conf(5).
38520 ==================== Changes in man-pages-4.01 ====================
38522 Released: 2015-07-23, Munich
38528 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
38529 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
38530 incorporated in changes in this release:
38532 Alexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
38533 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
38534 Arjun Shankar <arjun@redhat.com>
38535 Ashish Sangwan <a.sangwan@samsung.com>
38536 Ben Woodard <woodard@redhat.com>
38537 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
38538 Christoph Thompson <cjsthompson@gmail.com>
38539 Cortland Setlow <cortland.setlow@gmail.com>
38540 Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
38541 David Leppik <dleppik@vocalabs.com>
38542 Dilyan Palauzov <dilyan.palauzov@aegee.org>
38543 Doug Klima <cardoe@gentoo.org>
38544 Eric B Munson <emunson@akamai.com>
38545 Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
38546 Hack NDo <hackndo@gmail.com>
38547 Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
38548 Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
38549 Jian Wen <wenjianhn@gmail.com>
38550 Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
38551 Julian Orth <ju.orth@gmail.com>
38552 Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
38553 Laszlo Ersek <lacos@caesar.elte.hu>
38554 Marko Myllynen <myllynen@redhat.com>
38555 Mehdi Aqadjani Memar <m.aqadjanimemar@student.vu.nl>
38556 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
38557 Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
38558 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
38559 Mike Hayward <hayward@loup.net>
38560 Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>
38561 Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
38562 Namjae Jeon <namjae.jeon@samsung.com>
38563 Nathan Lynch <nathan_lynch@mentor.com>
38564 NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
38565 Pádraig Brady <P@draigBrady.com>
38566 Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
38567 Peter Hurley <peter@hurleysoftware.com>
38568 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
38569 Scot Doyle <lkml14@scotdoyle.com>
38570 Stephan Mueller <stephan.mueller@atsec.com>
38571 Tobias Stoeckmann <tobias@stoeckmann.org>
38572 Tulio Magno Quites Machado Filho <tuliom@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
38573 Uwe Kleine-König <uwe+debian@kleine-koenig.org>
38574 Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
38575 Ville Skyttä <ville.skytta@iki.fi>
38576 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
38577 Zeng Linggang <zenglg.jy@cn.fujitsu.com>
38578 文剑 <wenjianhn@gmail.com>
38580 Apologies if I missed anyone!
38583 New and rewritten pages
38584 -----------------------
38587 Alexei Starovoitov, Michael Kerrisk [Daniel Borkmann]
38588 New page documenting bpf(2)
38590 __ppc_get_timebase.3
38591 Tulio Magno Quites Machado Filho
38592 New page documenting __ppc_get_timebase() and __ppc_get_timebase_freq()
38593 Glibc 2.16 was released with a new function for the Power
38594 architecture that can read its Time Base Register.
38595 Glibc 2.17 adds a function to read the frequency at which the Time
38596 Base Register of Power processors is updated.
38599 Michael Kerrisk [David Leppik, Doug Klima]
38600 Reimport from latest FreeBSD page
38601 Long ago, Doug Klima noted that many macros were not
38602 documented in the queue(3) page. Fix by reimporting from
38603 latest [1] FreeBSD man page.
38605 [1] Revision 263142, Modified Fri Mar 14 03:07:51 2014 UTC
38607 This also fixes https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=1506
38609 This time, I'll learn from past mistakes and not convert
38610 from 'mdoc' to 'man' macros.
38612 Use subsections in DESCRIPTION
38614 Remove SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent tree(3)
38616 Use real hyphens in code samples
38618 Comment out text for functions not in glibc
38620 Replace HISTORY with CONFORMING TO
38623 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
38624 ---------------------------------------------
38627 Michael Kerrisk [Miklos Szeredi]
38628 Document RENAME_WHITEOUT
38629 Heavily based on text by Miklos Szeredi.
38632 New and changed links
38633 ---------------------
38635 __ppc_get_timebase_freq.3
38636 Tulio Magno Quites Machado Filho
38637 New link to new __ppc_get_timebase(3) page
38642 LIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER.3
38643 LIST_INSERT_BEFORE.3
38650 SLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER.3
38652 SLIST_INSERT_AFTER.3
38653 SLIST_INSERT_HEAD.3
38656 SLIST_REMOVE_HEAD.3
38663 STAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER.3
38665 STAILQ_INSERT_AFTER.3
38666 STAILQ_INSERT_HEAD.3
38667 STAILQ_INSERT_TAIL.3
38670 STAILQ_REMOVE_HEAD.3
38675 TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE.3
38676 TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER.3
38677 TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE.3
38683 New links to queue.3
38690 Michael Kerrisk [Andries E. Brouwer]
38691 Remove "ABI" from "C library/kernel ABI differences" subheadings
38692 The "ABI" doesn't really convey anything significant in
38693 the title. These subsections are about describing differences
38694 between the kernel and (g)libc interfaces.
38697 Changes to individual pages
38698 ---------------------------
38701 Michael Kerrisk [Andries E. Brouwer]
38702 Drop intro paragraph on '$?' shell variable
38703 As Andries notes, this piece of text is rather out of place in
38704 a page that was intended to provide a tutorial introduction for
38705 beginners logging in on a Linux system.
38709 A minor output format clarification
38710 A minor clarification for the locale output format which was
38712 https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=18516.
38715 https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=18516
38716 http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/locale.html
38718 Add CONFORMING TO section
38722 Clarify that hdrp->pid==0 is equivalent gettid() not getpid()
38726 chroot() is not intended for security; document attack
38727 It is unfortunate that this discourages this use of chroot(2)
38728 without pointing out alternative solutions - for example,
38729 OpenSSH and vsftpd both still rely on chroot(2) for security.
38731 Bind mounts should theoretically be usable as a replacement, but
38732 currently, they have a similar problem (CVE-2015-2925) that hasn't
38733 been fixed in ~6 months, so I'd rather not add it to the manpage
38734 as a solution before a fix lands.
38738 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
38742 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
38746 Elaborate on envp/argv as NULL behavior
38750 Open stdio frames are not flushed, temporary files are deleted
38751 Many years ago, text was added to the page saying that it is
38752 implementation-dependent whether stdio streams are flushed and
38753 whether temporary are removed. In part, this change appears to
38754 be because POSIX.1-2001 added text related to this point.
38755 However, that seems to have been an error in POSIX, and the
38756 text was subsequently removed for POSIX.1-2008. See
38757 https://collaboration.opengroup.org/austin/interps/documents/9984/AI-085.txt
38758 Austin Group Interpretation reference 1003.1-2001 #085
38761 Namjae Jeon [Michael Kerrisk]
38762 Document FALLOC_FL_INSERT_RANGE
38764 Since Linux 4.2, ext4 supports FALLOC_FL_INSERT_RANGE
38768 OFD locks are proposed for inclusion in the next POSIX revision
38772 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
38776 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
38780 Note that for a thread group leader, gettid() == getpid()
38784 Remove some historical libc5 and glibc 1 details
38785 These details are ancient, and long ago ceased to be relevant.
38788 Michael Kerrisk [Jens Axboe]
38789 Document meaning of ioprio==0
38792 Michael Kerrisk [Mehdi Aqadjani Memar]
38793 Document another ENOMEM error case
38794 ENOMEM can occur if locking/unlocking in the middle of a region
38795 would increase the number of VMAs beyond the system limit (64k).
38798 Michal Hocko [Eric B Munson]
38799 Clarify MAP_POPULATE
38800 David Rientjes has noticed that MAP_POPULATE wording might promise
38801 much more than the kernel actually provides and intends to provide.
38802 The primary usage of the flag is to pre-fault the range. There is
38803 no guarantee that no major faults will happen later on. The pages
38804 might have been reclaimed by the time the process tries to access
38806 Michal Hocko [Eric B Munson]
38807 Clarify MAP_LOCKED semantics
38808 MAP_LOCKED had a subtly different semantic from mmap(2)+mlock(2)
38809 since it has been introduced.
38810 mlock(2) fails if the memory range cannot get populated to
38811 guarantee that no future major faults will happen on the range.
38812 mmap(MAP_LOCKED) on the other hand silently succeeds even if
38813 the range was populated only partially.
38815 Fixing this subtle difference in the kernel is rather awkward
38816 because the memory population happens after mm locks have been
38817 dropped and so the cleanup before returning failure (munlock)
38818 could operate on something else than the originally mapped area.
38820 E.g. speculative userspace page fault handler catching SEGV and
38821 doing mmap(fault_addr, MAP_FIXED|MAP_LOCKED) might discard portion
38822 of a racing mmap and lead to lost data. Although it is not clear
38823 whether such a usage would be valid, mmap page doesn't explicitly
38824 describe requirements for threaded applications so we cannot
38825 exclude this possibility.
38827 This patch makes the semantic of MAP_LOCKED explicit and suggests
38828 using mmap + mlock as the only way to guarantee no later major
38831 ERRORS: point out that ENOMEM can occur even for munmap()
38835 Note ENOMEM error that can occur when we reach limit on maximum VMAs
38840 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Hayward]
38841 Clarify that O_NONBLOCK is a no-op for regular files and block devices
38844 Vince Weaver [Joerg Roedel]
38845 Exclude_host/exclude_guest clarification
38846 This patch relates to the exclude_host and exclude_guest bits added
38847 by the following commit:
38849 exclude_host, exclude_guest; Linux 3.2
38850 commit a240f76165e6255384d4bdb8139895fac7988799
38851 Author: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
38852 Date: Wed Oct 5 14:01:16 2011 +0200
38854 perf, core: Introduce attrs to count in either host or guest mode
38856 The updated manpage text clarifies that the "exclude_host" and
38857 "exclude_guest" perf_event_open() attr bits only apply in the
38858 context of a KVM environment and are currently x86 only.
38860 Document PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_INTR
38861 This patch relates to the addition of PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_INTR
38862 support added in the following commit:
38864 perf_sample_regs_intr; Linux 3.19
38865 commit 60e2364e60e86e81bc6377f49779779e6120977f
38866 Author: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
38868 perf: Add ability to sample machine state on interrupt
38870 The primary difference between PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_INTR and the
38871 existing PERF_SAMPLE_REGS_USER is that the new support will
38872 return kernel register values. Also if precise_ip is
38873 set higher than 0 then the PEBS register state will be returned
38874 rather than the saved interrupt state.
38876 This patch incorporates feedback from Stephane Eranian and
38882 Clarify that SECCOMP_SET_MODE_STRICT disallows exit_group(2)
38883 These days, glibc implements _exit() as a wrapper around
38884 exit_group(2). (When seccomp was originally introduced, this was
38885 not the case.) Give the reader a clue that, despite what glibc is
38886 doing, what SECCOMP_SET_MODE_STRICT permits is the true _exit(2)
38887 system call, and not exit_group(2).
38895 Clarify that Linux limits transfers to a maximum of 0x7ffff000 bytes
38896 See https://bugs.debian.org/629994 and
38897 https://bugs.debian.org/630029.
38901 Rewrite RETURN VALUE section
38902 (Also drop the text on pwrite() returning zero; that seems bogus.)
38905 Michael Kerrisk [Vegard Nossum]
38906 PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT clarification
38910 Remove BUGS heading
38911 The text on mixing I/O syscalls and stdio is a general point
38912 of behavior. It's not a bug as such.
38917 Explain some subtleties of MSG_DONTWAIT versus O_NONBLOCK
38922 Note that RENAME_NOREPLACE can't be employed with RENAME_EXCHANGE
38924 sched_setaffinity.2
38926 Add an example program
38927 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer]
38928 Explain how to deal with 1024-CPU limitation of glibc's cpu_set_t type
38930 Mention the use of the 'isolcpus' kernel boot option
38934 Remove a const attribute
38935 The attr argument of sched_setattr was documented as const but the
38936 kernel will modify the size field of this struct if it contains an
38937 invalid value. See the documentation of the size field for details.
38941 SEE ALSO: add bpf(2)
38945 Expand on subtleties of MSG_NOSIGNAL versus ignoring SIGPIPE
38949 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
38953 Update documentation reference for AF_ALG
38957 ERRORS: ftruncate() can fail if the file descriptor is not writable
38961 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
38962 After research, We think utimensat() and futimens() are thread-safe.
38963 But, there are not markings of utimensat() and futimens() in glibc
38968 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
38972 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
38976 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are/aren't thread-safe
38980 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
38984 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
38988 Clarify terminology
38989 In the "RETURN VALUE" section the word item is in italics
38990 as if it were one of the function parameters. But the word
38991 "item" occurs here for the first time, earlier the text
38992 uses "element". [Patch improves this.]
38996 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are/aren't thread-safe
39000 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39004 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39008 File capabilities also trigger AT_SECURE
39010 (Briefly) document AT_HWCAP2
39014 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are/aren't thread-safe
39017 Michael Kerrisk [Laszlo Ersek]
39018 Remove mention of IPv6 addresses, which are not supported
39019 As reported by Laszlo Ersek:
39021 gethostbyname(3) fails to resolve the IPv6 address "::1",
39022 but the manual page says: "If name is an IPv4 or IPv6 address,
39023 no lookup is performed and gethostbyname() simply copies name
39024 into the h_name field [...]".
39027 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=455762
39030 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=5479
39032 SUSv3 link for gethostbyname(3):
39033 http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/000095399/functions/gethostbyname.html
39035 It seems that the glibc behavior is conformant, and the manual
39040 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39044 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39048 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39052 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
39056 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39060 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39064 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are/aren't thread-safe
39068 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are/aren't thread-safe
39072 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39076 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39080 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that aren't thread-safe
39084 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39088 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39092 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39096 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39100 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39104 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39108 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39112 Clarify meaning of MB_LEN_MAX
39113 Michael Kerrisk [Pádraig Brady]
39114 MB_LEN_MAX is 16 in modern glibc versions
39118 NOTES: describe the glibc 2.13 changes that revealed buggy applications
39119 Adding a note on this point seems worthwhile as a way of
39120 emphasizing the point that the buffers must not overlap.
39124 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39128 Some wording improvements and clarifications
39132 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
39136 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39138 pthread_attr_init.3
39140 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39142 Use "%zd" for printing size_t in example code
39144 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
39146 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39150 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39152 pthread_cleanup_push.3
39154 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39158 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39162 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39164 pthread_getattr_np.3
39166 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39170 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39172 pthread_setname_np.3
39174 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39176 pthread_tryjoin_np.3
39178 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39182 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39186 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are/aren't thread-safe
39190 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39194 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39198 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39202 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39206 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39210 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are/aren't thread-safe
39214 Update CONFORMING TO
39215 http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setlocale.html
39219 Tweak C/POSIX locale portability description
39220 As discussed earlier, the current description might be a little
39221 bit too stringent, let's avoid the issue by describing the
39222 portability aspect on a slightly higher level.
39226 http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap06.html
39227 http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap07.html
39228 http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setlocale.html
39232 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39236 Document strfmon_l(3)
39237 Describe strfmon_l(3).
39239 http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strfmon.html
39242 AFAICS strfmon(3) is now defined in POSIX and the glibc
39243 implementation is as specified there.
39245 http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strfmon.html
39247 Rewrite the example
39248 I think the example is more accurate when we use the exact
39249 locale names and also the Euro sign where appropriate.
39253 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39257 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39260 Scot Doyle [Pavel Machek, Michael Kerrisk]
39261 Add CSI sequence for cursor blink interval
39262 Add a Console Private CSI sequence to specify the current
39263 console's cursor blink interval. The interval is specified
39264 as a number of milliseconds until the next cursor display
39265 state toggle, from 50 to 65535.
39269 Note that reads from /dev/zero are interruptible since Linux 2.6.31
39273 Mention 'coredump_filter' boot option
39277 Wording fix: s/resolv+/the resolver library/
39278 The term "resolv+" seems to be historical cruft.
39282 Fix format, clarify IdM needs, and provide examples.
39283 In some recent work with a Red Hat customer I had the opportunity
39284 to discuss the fine nuances of the ruserok() function and related
39285 API which are used to implement rlogin and rsh.
39287 It came to my attention after working with QE on some automated
39288 internal testing that there were no good examples in the hosts.equiv
39289 manual page showing how the format was supposed to work for this
39290 file and for ~/.rhosts, worse the "format" line showed that there
39291 should be spaces between arguments when that would clearly lead
39292 to incorrect behaviour. In addition some things that the format
39293 allows you to write are just wrong like "-host -user" which makes
39294 no sense since the host is already rejected, and should be written
39295 as "host -user" instead. I added notes in the example to make it
39296 clear that "-host -user" is invalid.
39298 I fixed three things:
39300 (a) The format line.
39301 - Either +, or [-]hostname, or +@netgrp or -@netgrp.
39302 - Either +, or [-]username, or +@netgrp or -@netgrp.
39303 - You must specify something in the hostname portion so remove
39306 (b) Clarify language around credentials
39307 - If the host is not trusted you must provide credentials to
39308 the login system and that could be anything really and it
39309 depends on your configuration e.g. PAM or whatever IdM you have.
39311 (c) Provide real-world examples
39312 - Provide several real world examples and some corner case
39313 examples for how you would write something. Hopefully others
39314 can add examples as they see fit.
39315 Michael Kerrisk [Carlos O'Donell, Arjun Shankar]
39316 Improve explanation in EXAMPLE
39320 Document map to_inpunct, map to_outpunct
39321 See e.g. fa_IR for reference.
39323 Document class in LC_CTYPE
39324 See e.g. the locale zh_CN and
39326 http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/string/wide/towctrans
39327 http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/string/wide/wctrans
39329 Add iconv(1) reference
39331 Document character transliteration
39332 See e.g. da_DK for reference.
39334 (Not sure should we actually provide an example here?)
39336 Document era keywords
39337 This patch completes the LC_TIME section - since these era
39338 keywords are so tightly coupled, I'm providing them as a
39342 http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/xbd_chap07.html
39343 http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/SC22/WG20/docs/n972-14652ft.pdf
39345 Document default_missing
39347 Document outdigit and alt_digits
39348 See e.g. fa_IR for reference.
39350 Refer to locale(7) more prominently
39351 It's probably a good idea to refer to locale(7) so that a reader
39352 can check what a category is about before describing them in
39355 Document charclass and charconv
39356 See e.g. the locales ja_JP and ko_KR and
39358 http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/string/wide/towctrans
39359 http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/string/wide/wctrans
39361 Copy is not exclusive in LC_CTYPE and LC_COLLATE
39362 See e.g. da_DK for reference.
39364 Remove the FIXME for timezone
39365 The timezone of LC_TIME is not in POSIX, only 6 (out of ~300)
39366 glibc locales define it, the glibc code comment below from
39367 glibc.git/programs/ld-time.c seems to suggest it's not a good
39368 idea, and there's been a proposal in upstream [1] to remove the
39369 existing timezone definitions from glibc locales so I think
39370 it's actually better to leave this one undocumented:
39372 /* XXX We don't perform any tests on the timezone value since this is
39373 simply useless, stupid $&$!@... */
39375 1) https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2015-06/msg00098.html
39377 Move the remaining LC_COLLATE FIXMEs together while at it.
39379 Fix country_isbn format
39380 Both plain numbers and Unicode code points are used in
39381 glibc locales but checking the code reveals that country_isbn
39382 is handled like the rest of its category expect for country_num
39383 which was clarified earlier.
39385 Sort according to the standard
39386 Sort the options so that those defined in POSIX are listed first,
39387 then followed by those defined in ISO/IEC TR 14652 in the order
39388 of common convention in many widely used glibc locales.
39390 Actual descriptions are unchanged.
39392 http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap07.html
39394 Refer to strftime(3) where appropriate
39395 The relationship between the locale time format syntax
39396 and strftime() cannot be considered as obvious.
39398 Document map "totitle"
39399 See e.g. locales/i18n for reference.
39400 Michael Kerrisk [Marko Myllynen]
39401 Remove BUGS section saying man page is not complete
39402 To some degree, this is true of many pages. And anyway, this
39403 page is much better after recent work by Marko.
39407 List /proc/vmstat fields
39409 Tweak /proc/vmstat text
39411 Add /proc/crypto entry with a pointer to further information
39412 Michael Kerrisk [Kees Cook]
39413 Document /proc/sys/kernel/sysctl_writes_strict
39414 Based on text in Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt.
39416 Move misordered /proc/[pid]/timers entry
39418 Refer to bpf(2) for explanation of /proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_enable
39422 Symbolic names AKA mnemonics
39423 A long time ago in glibc, repertoire maps were used (but they
39424 were removed already in 2000), those mapping files were named
39425 as mnemonics, so "mnemonic" is a term that would almost
39426 certainly come up if somebody studies glibc side (perhaps even
39427 the related standards like ISO 9945 [which I don't have access
39428 to]) so I thought it's worth to mention to term in the man page
39429 to make sure we're talking about the same thing, otherwise
39430 someone might wonder is that something different or not.
39432 IOW, symbolic names and mnemonics are often used interchangeably,
39433 let's mention the other often used term in the page, too.
39437 CAP_SYS_ADMIN allows calling bpf(2)
39441 LC_CTYPE determines transliteration rules on glibc systems
39444 文剑 [Cortland Setlow]
39445 Fix description of binding a packet socket to an interface
39448 NeilBrown [Peter Hurley]
39449 Clarify asynchronous nature of PTY I/O
39450 A PTY is not like a pipe - there may be delayed between data
39451 being written at one end and it being available at the other.
39453 This became particularly apparent after
39454 commit f95499c3030f
39455 ("n_tty: Don't wait for buffer work in read() loop")
39458 See also the mail thread at https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/5/1/35
39459 Date Mon, 04 May 2015 12:32:04 -0400
39460 From Peter Hurley <>
39461 Subject Re: [PATCH bisected regression] input_available_p()
39462 sometimes says 'no' when it should say 'yes'
39466 Use correct printf() specifier for pointer types
39467 In the example code you used %x rather than %p in the example
39468 code for an audit library. The problem is that it truncates the
39469 pointers on 64b platforms. So you get something like:
39471 la_symbind64(): symname = strrchr sym->st_value = 0x7f4b8a3f8960
39472 ndx = 222 flags = 0x0 refcook = 8b53e5c8 defcook = 8b537e30
39476 la_symbind64(): symname = fclose sym->st_value = 0x7fa452dd49b0
39477 ndx = 1135 flags = 0x0 refcook = 0x7fa453f395c8 defcook = 0x7fa453f32e30
39479 This has bitten me a handful of times when playing around with
39480 audit test libraries to investigate its behavior.
39484 Remove ancient, wildly optimistic prediction about future of RT patches
39485 It seems the patches were not merged by 2.6.30...
39489 SEE ALSO: add bpf(2)
39492 Nathan Lynch [Mike Frysinger]
39494 The 32-bit ARM architecture in Linux has gained a vDSO as of the
39495 4.1 release. (I was the primary author.)
39497 Document the symbols exported by the ARM VDSO.
39499 Accepted kernel submission:
39500 http://lists.infradead.org/pipermail/linux-arm-kernel/2015-March/332573.html
39503 ==================== Changes in man-pages-4.02 ====================
39505 Released: 2015-08-08, Munich
39511 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
39512 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
39513 incorporated in changes in this release:
39515 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
39516 Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
39517 David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
39518 Dilyan Palauzov <dilyan.palauzov@aegee.org>
39519 Gabriel F. T. Gomes <gftg@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
39520 Gleb Fotengauer-Malinovskiy <glebfm@altlinux.org>
39521 Goswin von Brederlow <goswin-v-b@web.de>
39522 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
39523 Jonathan David Amery <jdamery@ysolde.ucam.org>
39524 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
39525 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
39526 Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
39527 Nicholas Miell <nmiell@gmail.com>
39528 Nikola Forró <nforro@redhat.com>
39529 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
39530 Yaarit <yaarit@gmail.com>
39531 Zeng Linggang <zenglg.jy@cn.fujitsu.com>
39533 Apologies if I missed anyone!
39536 New and rewritten pages
39537 -----------------------
39541 New page documenting dladdr() and dladdr1()
39542 Relocate/rewrite dladdr() text formerly contained in dlopen(3).
39544 Add documentation of dladdr1().
39546 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39550 Migrate dlerror(3) to new separate man page
39552 Note that the returned message may be in a statically allocated buffer
39554 Note that the returned string does not include a trailing newline
39556 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39560 New page describing dlinfo(3)
39562 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe
39566 This page was substantially rewritten and enhanced. Notably:
39567 * the dladdr(), dlsym, dlvsym(), and dlerror() content were moved
39568 to separate new pages;
39569 * documentation for dlmopen was added;
39570 * and other changes as noted below.
39572 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39574 Move atexit() discussion under "Initialization and Finalization"
39576 Move discussion of _init() and _fini() to NOTES
39578 Rework the discussion of initialization and finalization functions
39579 Deemphasize the obsolete _init/_fini and give more prominence
39580 to gcc constructors/destructors.
39582 dlclose() will unload the object when all references have been released
39584 EXAMPLE: Remove mention of "-rdynamic"
39585 That option isn't needed for compiling and running this program.
39587 Remove reference to ld.so info page
39588 The command "info ld.so" simply shows the man page...
39590 Add VERSIONS section
39592 Reorganize conformance information for 'flags'
39596 Move dlsym() and dlvsym() content to new separate page
39598 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe
39601 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
39602 ---------------------------------------------
39605 Michael Kerrisk, Carlos O'Donell
39606 Document dlmopen(3)
39609 Sam Varshavchik, Michael Kerrisk
39610 Add documentation for nl_langinfo_l(3)
39612 __ppc_set_ppr_med.3
39613 Gabriel F. T. Gomes
39614 Document PPC functions providing access to PPR
39615 GNU C Library 2.18 adds functions (__ppc_set_ppr_low(3),
39616 __ppc_set_ppr_med(3), __ppc_set_ppr_med_low(3)) that provide
39617 access to the Program Priority Register (PPR).
39620 Gabriel F. T. Gomes
39621 Document PPC performance-hint functions
39622 GNU C Library 2.18 adds functions __ppc_yield(3), __ppc_mdoio(3),
39623 and __ppc_mdoom(3) that can be used provide a hint that
39624 performance could be improved if shared resources are released
39625 for use by other processors.
39628 New and changed links
39629 ---------------------
39633 New link to (new) dladdr(3) page
39637 New link to dlopen.3
39641 Adjust link to point to new self-contained dlsym(3) page
39645 New link to nl_langinfo.3
39648 Gabriel F. T. Gomes
39649 New link to __ppc_yield.3
39652 Gabriel F. T. Gomes
39653 New link to __ppc_yield.3
39655 __ppc_set_ppr_low.3
39656 Gabriel F. T. Gomes
39657 New link to __ppc_set_ppr_med.3
39659 __ppc_set_ppr_med_low.3
39660 Gabriel F. T. Gomes
39661 New link to __ppc_set_ppr_med.3
39669 Update CONFORMING TO section to reflect POSIX.1-2001 and POSIX.1-2008
39670 details. (By now, I believe all pages should be up to date with
39671 respect to appropriately mentioning POSIX.1-2001 and POSIX.1-2008.)
39679 Prefer "shared object" over "shared library"
39680 The man pages variously use "shared library" or "shared object".
39681 Try to more consistently use one term ("shared object"), while
39682 also pointing out on a few pages that the terms are synonymous.
39685 Changes to individual pages
39686 ---------------------------
39690 Add mention of POSIX.1-2008 regarding EAGAIN vs EWOULDBLOCK
39694 Various updates/follow-ups to address some fixmes
39695 A couple of follow-ups to the bpf(2) man-page, besides others:
39697 * Description of map data types
39698 * Explanation on eBPF tail calls and program arrays
39699 * Paragraph on tc holding ref of the eBPF program in the kernel
39700 * Updated ASCII image with tc ingress and egress invocations
39701 * __sync_fetch_and_add() and example usage mentioned on arrays
39702 * minor reword on the licensing and other minor fixups
39706 Reword text on POSIX and #!
39710 Note return value on interruption by a signal handler
39712 Clarify details of return value for timeout-expired case
39714 Clarify and extend discussion of 'timeout' argument
39718 Note that 'length' need not be a page-size multiple for munmap()
39719 Michael Kerrisk [David Rientjes, David Rientjes, Mike Kravetz]
39720 Describe mmap()/munmap() argument requirements for huge-page mappings
39722 Move discussion of timestamps to NOTES
39723 A straight move; no changes to the content.
39724 This content is better placed in NOTES.
39728 SEE ALSO: mention libseccomp pages
39729 SEE ALSO: add scmp_sys_resolver(1)
39733 Correct the list of flags that were added in POSIX.1-2001
39736 Michael Kerrisk [Goswin von Brederlow]
39737 Clarify use of SOCK_* flags in 'type' argument
39738 See http://bugs.debian.org/794217
39742 SEE ALSO: add dlopen(3)
39744 clock_getcpuclockid.3
39746 Improve wording of EPERM error
39747 It's imprecise to say that this is an "optional" error
39752 Note that 'size' allows callback() to discover structure extensions
39754 SEE ALSO: add dladdr(3)
39756 CONFORMING TO: note that this function appears on some other systems
39760 Remove crufty NOTES section
39761 This ancient System V detail is unneeded.
39765 Mention POSIX.1-2008 for the "utmpx" functions
39770 CONFORMING TO: change "UNIX98" to "SUSv2"
39774 Change "UNIX 98" to "SUSv2"
39777 Gleb Fotengauer-Malinovskiy
39778 Reference mkdtemp(3) in addition to mkstemp(3)
39779 Mention mkdtemp(3) as another secure alternative to mktemp(3).
39781 See also https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=2898.
39786 Clarify discussion of 'timeout'
39787 In particular, remove the word 'ceiling', which falsely
39788 suggests that the call might return prematurely.
39792 Explicitly describe the return value on success
39794 POSIX specifies that the caller may not modify the returned string
39796 Enhance RETURN VALUE description
39797 Note some further cases where returned string may be
39798 invalidated or overwritten.
39802 Reformat CONFORMING to information
39804 Note that 'sys_errlist' and 'sys_nerr' are not in POSIX.1
39808 Reword text regarding systems that don't have posix_openpt()
39812 CONFORMING TO: update details for dprintf() and vdprintf()
39816 Remove useless statement in CONFORMING TO
39817 Saying that the description in PSOX.1-2001 is flawed,
39818 without saying what the fla is, is not helpful.
39819 (And no, I don't know what the flaw is.)
39823 Add POSIX.1-2008 details regarding group ID of new shared memory object
39827 Fix erroneous CONFORMING to
39828 strfmon() is in POSIX.1.
39831 Heinrich Schuchardt
39832 Clarify effects of file moves
39833 If files or directories are moved to other mounts, the inode is
39834 deleted. Fanotify marks are lost.
39838 Remove unneeded CONFORMING TO section
39841 Michael Kerrisk [Nicholas Miell]
39842 Note that i386 and x86-64 binaries can't share mutexes
39846 Fix descriptions of sched_get_priority_max() / sched_get_priority_min()
39850 Remove unneeded CONFORMING TO section
39854 Remove unneeded CONFORMING TO section
39858 Remove unneeded CONFORMING TO section
39862 Update with POSIX.1-2008 details for link(2)
39865 Michael Kerrisk [Jonathan David Amery]
39866 Items in LD_LIBRARY_PATH can also be delimited by semicolons
39867 See http://bugs.debian.org/794559.
39870 ==================== Changes in man-pages-4.03 ====================
39872 Released: 2015-12-05, Munich
39878 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
39879 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
39880 incorporated in changes in this release:
39882 Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
39883 Alexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
39884 Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
39885 Arto Bendiken <arto@bendiken.net>
39886 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
39887 Casper Ti. Vector <caspervector@gmail.com>
39888 Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
39889 David Drysdale <drysdale@google.com>
39890 Eric B Munson <emunson@akamai.com>
39891 Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
39892 Gabriel F. T. Gomes <gftg@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
39893 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
39894 Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
39895 Jakub Wilk <jwilk@jwilk.net>
39896 Johannes Stüttgen <Johannes.Stuettgen@gmail.com>
39897 Jonathan Wakely <jwakely@redhat.com>
39898 Jonny Grant <jg@jguk.org>
39899 Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
39900 Maria Guseva <m.guseva@samsung.com>
39901 Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
39902 Meikun Wang <alikewmk@gmail.com>
39903 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
39904 Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
39905 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
39906 Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
39907 Nikola Forró <nforro@redhat.com>
39908 Olivier TARTROU <olivier.tartrou@gmail.com>
39909 Peter Hurley <peter@hurleysoftware.com>
39910 Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
39911 Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
39912 Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
39913 Silvan Jegen <s.jegen@gmail.com>
39914 Stefan Tauner <tauner@technikum-wien.at>
39915 Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
39916 Tobias Stoeckmann <tobias@stoeckmann.org>
39917 Tycho Andersen <tycho.andersen@canonical.com>
39918 Ville Skyttä <ville.skytta@iki.fi>
39919 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
39920 Zeng Linggang <zenglg.jy@cn.fujitsu.com>
39922 Apologies if I missed anyone!
39925 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
39926 ---------------------------------------------
39930 4.1 adds AUX sample support
39932 4.1 data_offset and data_size fields
39933 Vince Weaver [Alexander Shishkin]
39934 Document aux_{head,tail,offset,size} support
39936 4.0 update rdpmc documentation
39938 4.1 adds PERF_RECORD_ITRACE_START
39940 Document 4.1 clockid support
39941 Vince Weaver [Steven Rostedt, Masami Hiramatsu]
39942 4.1 PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_BPF support
39944 4.1 adds AUX_FLAG_OVERWRITE support
39946 4.1 PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_CALL_STACK
39948 4.1 adds aux_watermark
39950 Add possibility of EBUSY error
39953 Andy Lutomirski [Kees Cook, Serge Hallyn]
39954 Document operations for ambient capabilities
39956 Rework PR_CAP_AMBIENT text
39957 Note that arg4 and arg5 must be zero for CAP_AMBIENT
39958 RETURN VALUE: Add PR_CAP_AMBIENT + PR_CAP_AMBIENT_IS_SET case
39959 ERRORS: document PR_CAP_AMBIENT error cases
39961 __ppc_set_ppr_med.3
39962 Gabriel F. T. Gomes
39963 Document PPC functions providing access to PPR
39964 GNU C Library commit 1747fcda4902a3b46183d93fb16ed9b436b2608b
39965 extends the priorities that can be set to the Program Priority
39966 Register (PPR), with the functions: __ppc_set_ppr_very_low(3)
39967 and __ppc_set_ppr_med_high(3).
39970 Andy Lutomirski [Kees Cook, Serge Hallyn]
39971 Document ambient capabilities
39973 Various additions and reworkings for ambient capability text
39976 New and changed links
39977 ---------------------
39979 __ppc_set_ppr_med_high.3
39980 Gabriel F. T. Gomes
39981 New link to __ppc_set_ppr_med.3
39983 __ppc_set_ppr_very_low.3
39984 Gabriel F. T. Gomes
39985 New link to __ppc_set_ppr_med.3
39988 Changes to individual pages
39989 ---------------------------
39992 Eric B Munson [Michal Hocko]
39993 Add note about mremap() with locked areas
39994 When mremap() is used to move or expand a mapping that is locked
39995 with mlock() or equivalent it will attempt to populate the new
39996 area. However, like mmap(MAP_LOCKED), mremap() will not fail if
39997 the area cannot be populated. Also like mmap(MAP_LOCKED) this
39998 might come as a surprise to users and should be noted.
40000 Michael Kerrisk [David Drysdale]
40001 Remove accidental mention of O_TTY_INIT
40002 An earlier edit mentioned O_TTY_INIT as a file creation flag.
40003 That's true, according POSIX, but Linux does not implement
40004 this flag, so remove mention of it.
40008 SEE ALSO: add splice(2)
40012 Reorder options alphabetically
40013 Employ a pseudo-alphabetical order, ordering options after removal
40014 of any "PR_", "PR_SET_", or "PR_GET" prefix.
40016 Fix alphabetical misplacements in ERRORS
40020 Document PTRACE_O_SUSPEND_SECCOMP flag
40022 Document /proc/sys/kernel/yama/ptrace_scope
40024 Note that PTRACE_ATTACH cannot be applied to nondumpable processes
40026 SEE ALSO: add prctl(2)
40030 1-argument reboot() is also provided by alternative libc
40034 Describe use of 'instruction_pointer' data field
40035 Michael Kerrisk [Kees Cook]
40036 Note why all filters in a set are executed even after SECCOMP_RET_KILL
40040 Describe semantics with respect to SCM_RIGHTS
40049 Michael Kerrisk [Johannes Stüttgen]
40050 Note that daemon() is buggy with respect to controlling tty acquisition
40054 Remove outdated NOTES
40055 As stated in the SYNOPSIS, since glibc 2.10 this function is also
40056 declared by the relevant X/Open and POSIX macros.
40060 Make it more explicit that LD_BIND_NOW overrides RTLD_LAZY
40061 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer]
40062 Correct the pathname used in EXAMPLE
40065 This does not work because libm.so can be a linker script:
40067 handle = dlopen("libm.so", RTLD_LAZY);
40069 The proper way to do this is to include <gnu/lib-names.h>
40072 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=108821
40074 Include a shell session showing build/run in EXAMPLE
40076 Change arguments to main() to "void" in EXAMPLE
40080 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
40084 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
40088 Add some details for AT_SECURE
40092 ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are/aren't thread-safe
40096 ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is not thread-safe
40100 Document M_ARENA_TEST and M_ARENA_MAX
40104 Clarify text relating to MT-safety
40106 Mention glibc emulation caveats
40110 Add missing details on behaviour of PARMRK
40111 For a serial terminal, with a specific configuration, input bytes
40112 with value 0377 are passed to the program as two bytes, 0377 0377.
40115 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Hurley]
40116 Note that TIOCTTYGSTRUCT went away in Linux 2.5.67
40120 Add info about DAX coredump filtering flags
40121 Kernel 4.4 added two new core dump filtering flags,
40122 MMF_DUMP_DAX_PRIVATE and MMF_DUMP_DAX_SHARED.
40124 These flags allow us to explicitly filter DAX mappings.
40125 This is desirable because DAX mappings, like hugetlb
40126 mappings, have the potential to be very large.
40130 Add list of files being read when "files" service is used
40131 This is not mentioned anywhere. Users can assume that the file
40132 being read is something like /etc/$DATABASE, but that's not
40133 always the case. It's better to explicitly specify which
40134 file is read for each respective database. The list of
40135 files was acquired from glibc source code.
40138 Heinrich Schuchardt [Michael Kerrisk]
40139 Add details for threads-max
40140 Add detail information for threads-max.
40141 The checks for minimum and maximum values exist since kernel 4.1.
40142 https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/3/15/96
40143 Heinrich Schuchardt
40144 /proc/sys: Describe whitespace characters
40146 Document 'CapAmb' in /proc/PID/status
40148 Add reference to ptrace(2) for /proc/sys/kernel/yama/ptrace_scope
40151 Michael Kerrisk [Meikun Wang]
40152 Add missing include file, <fcntl.h>, to example program
40155 Michael Kerrisk [Arto Bendiken]
40156 Document QSIZE bug that appeared in 3.5 and was fixed in 4.2
40160 Clarify recursive resolution of symlinks and note limits
40164 SEE ALSO: add splice(2)
40168 Fix (typo) error in la_pltenter() description
40169 s/la_pltenter()/la_pltexit()/
40171 la_pltenter() is called regardless of the value of
40172 framesizep but la_pltexit() is called only if la_pltenter()
40173 returns with non-zero framesizep set. I spent long time to
40174 figure out why la_pltexit() is not called at all.
40177 Michael Kerrisk [Michael Hocko]
40178 Note async-signal-safe functions added by POSIX.1-2008 TC1
40181 Daniel Borkmann [Michael Kerrisk]
40182 Improve paragraphs on tcp_ecn and add tcp_ecn_fallback bullet
40183 Improve description of tcp_ecn, fix the RFC number and it's
40184 not a boolean anymore since long time, and add a description
40185 for tcp_ecn_fallback.
40187 See also kernel doc under Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
40188 on tcp_ecn and tcp_ecn_fallback.
40192 LD_POINTER_GUARD has been removed in glibc 2.23
40194 Describe secure-execution mode
40195 Michael Kerrisk [Maria Guseva]
40196 Replace mentions of set-UID/set-GID programs with secure-execution mode
40197 Inspired by a patch from Maria Guseva.
40198 Maria Guseva [Silvan Jegen]
40199 LD_DEBUG is effective in secure-execution mode if /etc/suid-debug exists
40202 ==================== Changes in man-pages-4.04 ====================
40204 Released: 2015-12-29, Munich
40210 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
40211 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
40212 incorporated in changes in this release:
40214 Alexander Monakov <amonakov@ispras.ru>
40215 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
40216 Archie Cobbs <archie.cobbs@gmail.com>
40217 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
40218 Colin Rice <colin@daedrum.net>
40219 Darren Hart <dvhart@infradead.org>
40220 Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
40221 Dmitry V. Levin <ldv@altlinux.org>
40222 Eric B Munson <emunson@akamai.com>
40223 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
40224 H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@gmail.com>
40225 Jakub Wilk <jwilk@jwilk.net>
40226 Jonathan Wakely <jwakely@redhat.com>
40227 Jonny Grant <jg@jguk.org>
40228 Laurent Georget <laurent.georget@supelec.fr>
40229 Lennart Poettering <lennart@poettering.net>
40230 Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
40231 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
40232 Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
40233 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
40234 Pádraig Brady <P@draigBrady.com>
40235 Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
40236 Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
40237 Phil Blundell <pb@pbcl.net>
40238 Richard Voigt <richardvoigt@gmail.com>
40239 Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
40240 Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
40241 Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
40242 Tom Gundersen <teg@jklm.no>
40243 Torvald Riegel <triegel@redhat.com>
40244 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.net>
40245 Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
40246 Walter Harms <wharms@bfs.de>
40247 Zack Weinberg <zackw@panix.com>
40250 Apologies if I missed anyone!
40253 New and rewritten pages
40254 -----------------------
40257 Michael Kerrisk, Thomas Gleixner, Torvald Riegel [Davidlohr Bueso, Heinrich Schuchardt, Darren Hart, Rusty Russell, Pavel Machek, Rich Felker]
40258 Rewrite and massively expand page
40261 Mathieu Desnoyers [Michael Kerrisk]
40262 New page documenting membarrier() system call
40265 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
40266 ---------------------------------------------
40269 Eric B Munson [Michal Hocko, Vlastimil Babka, Michael Kerrisk]
40270 Document mlock2(2) and MCL_ONFAULT
40273 New and changed links
40274 ---------------------
40278 New link to mlock.2
40286 ERRORS: standardize text for EMFILE error
40290 ERRORS: standardize error text for ENOTSOCK error
40294 ERRORS: standardize text for ENFILE error
40297 Changes to individual pages
40298 ---------------------------
40302 SEE ALSO: add vdso(7)
40306 ERRORS: add another EMFILE error case
40310 ERRORS: add an EMFILE error case
40314 Child of MT-process is restricted to async-signal-safe functions
40318 SEE ALSO: add vdso(7)
40321 Michael Kerrisk [Lennart Poettering]
40322 The init of measurement for RLIMIT_RSS is bytes, not pages
40326 Reword EINVAL error text
40330 Expand on the historical meaning of tz_dsttime
40332 SEE ALSO: add vdso(7)
40336 ERRORS: add an EMFILE error case
40340 Note kernel and glibc versions that introduced this system call
40344 timeout_ts is a pointer, so use -> not . for member access
40346 Shorten name of timeout argument for ppoll()
40347 The name is overly long, and does not hint at the fact
40348 that this argument is a pointer. Fix this by renaming:
40349 s/timeout_ts/tmo_p/
40353 Document more ERRORS
40357 SEE ALSO: add vdso(7)
40361 Since Linux 4.3, x86-32 provides direct system calls for the sockets API
40365 Explain why the glibc time() wrapper never sets 'errno'
40366 Michael Kerrisk [H.J. Lu]
40367 Where time() is provided by vDSO, an invalid address may give SIGSEGV
40368 Michael Kerrisk [Paul Eggert]
40369 Describe EOVERFLOW details
40371 SEE ALSO: add vdso(7)
40373 Rename 't' argument to 'tloc'
40376 Michael Kerrisk [Jonny Grant]
40377 Clarify that the string returned by dlerror() is null terminated
40381 Include a shell session showing build/run in EXAMPLE
40383 Change arguments to main() to "void" in EXAMPLE
40386 Michael Kerrisk [Vincent Lefevre]
40387 Correct descriptions of ranges returned by these functions
40388 See http://bugs.debian.org/803459
40392 Note probable cause of ENFILE error
40396 Describe the FNM_EXTMATCH flag and pattern syntax
40400 NOTES: describe correct usage for flushing partially buffered input
40403 Michael Kerrisk [Archie Cobbs]
40404 Clarify need to use initstate_r()
40408 Clarify "daylight" and remove erroneous note
40411 Michael Kerrisk [Tom Gundersen]
40412 Rework example scripts to assume 'poolsize' unit is bits, not bytes
40413 Michael Kerrisk [Walter Harms]
40414 Use modern command substitution syntax in shell session log
40418 Reaching /proc/sys/fs/file-max limit normally produces an ENFILE error
40421 Heinrich Schuchardt
40424 Note some other locking primitives that are built with futexes
40425 Heinrich Schuchardt
40426 NPTL, avoid abbreviation
40428 Note that a futex is 4 bytes on all platforms
40432 Add note on strace(1) and vDSO
40435 H.J. Lu [Michael Kerrisk]
40436 Document LD_PREFER_MAP_32BIT_EXEC
40438 Clarify setting of LD_BIND_NOT
40440 Clarify setting of LD_DYNAMIC_WEAK
40442 Clarify setting of LD_TRACE_PRELINKING
40444 Clarify some details for LD_SHOW_AUXV
40447 ==================== Changes in man-pages-4.05 ====================
40449 Released: 2016-03-15, Christchurch
40455 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
40456 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
40457 incorporated in changes in this release:
40459 Adhemerval Zanella <adhemerval.zanella@linaro.org>
40460 Akihiro Suda <suda.kyoto@gmail.com>
40461 Alan Aversa <alan.aversa@cox.net>
40462 Alan Cox <etchedpixels@gmail.com>
40463 Alec Leamas <leamas.alec@gmail.com>
40464 Alex Henrie <alexhenrie24@gmail.com>
40465 Alexander Miller <alex.miller@gmx.de>
40466 Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
40467 Andreas Schwab <schwab@suse.de>
40468 Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
40469 Askar Safin <safinaskar@mail.ru>
40470 Bill O. Gallmeister <bgallmeister@gmail.com>
40471 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
40472 Chris Pick <kernel@chrispick.com>
40473 Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
40474 Craig Gallek <kraig@google.com>
40475 Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
40476 Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
40477 Dmitry V. Levin <ldv@altlinux.org>
40478 Dr. Tobias Quathamer <toddy@debian.org>
40479 Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
40480 Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
40481 Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
40482 Gabriel Corona <gabriel.corona@enst-bretagne.fr>
40483 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
40484 Ivan Shapovalov <intelfx@intelfx.name>
40485 Jakub Wilk <jwilk@jwilk.net>
40486 Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
40487 Jason Vas Dias <jason.vas.dias@gmail.com>
40488 Jérémie Galarneau <jeremie.galarneau@efficios.com>
40489 Jeremy Harris <jeharris@redhat.com>
40490 Joachim Wuttke <j.wuttke@fz-juelich.de>
40491 Joe Stein <joeaarons@gmail.com>
40492 John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
40493 Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
40494 Kondo, Naoya <kondo-naoya@jp.fujitsu.com>
40495 Krzysztof Adamski <k@japko.eu>
40496 Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
40497 Marianne CHEVROT <blackmoor@openmailbox.org>
40498 Marko Myllynen <myllynen@redhat.com>
40499 Mark Post <mpost@suse.com>
40500 Martin Gebert <Murphy.Gebert@gmx.de>
40501 Mats Wichmann <mats@linuxfoundation.org>
40502 Matt Zimmerman <mdz@debian.org>
40503 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>`
40504 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
40505 Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
40506 Naoya Kondo <kondo-naoya@jp.fujitsu.com>
40507 Naresh Kamboju <naresh.kernel@gmail.com>
40508 Nikola Forró <nforro@redhat.com>
40509 Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@gnutls.org>
40510 Orion Poplawski <orion@cora.nwra.com>
40511 Pakin Yury <zxwarior@yandex.ru>
40512 Patrick Donnelly <batrick@batbytes.com>
40513 Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
40514 Paul Pluzhnikov <ppluzhnikov@google.com>
40515 Peter Hurley <peter@hurleysoftware.com>
40516 Peter Wu <peter@lekensteyn.nl>
40517 Petr Gajdos <pgajdos@suse.cz>
40518 Philip Semanchuk <linux_kernel.20.ick@spamgourmet.com>
40519 Rasmus Villemoes <Rasmus.Villemoes@decode.is>
40520 Rich Felker <dalias@aerifal.cx>
40521 Simon Que <sque@chromium.org>
40522 Stephan Bergmann <sbergman@redhat.com>
40523 Stéphane Aulery <lkppo@free.fr>
40524 Stephen Hurd <shurd@sasktel.net>
40525 Vincent Bernat <bernat@luffy.cx>
40526 William Preston <wpreston@suse.de>
40527 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
40528 Zefram <zefram@fysh.org>
40530 Apologies if I missed anyone!
40533 New and rewritten pages
40534 -----------------------
40537 Anna Schumaker [Darrick J. Wong, Christoph Hellwig, Michael Kerrisk]
40538 New page documenting copy_file_range()
40539 copy_file_range() is a new system call for copying ranges of data
40540 completely in the kernel. This gives filesystems an opportunity to
40541 implement some kind of "copy acceleration", such as reflinks or
40542 server-side-copy (in the case of NFS).
40546 This page has been greatly expanded, to add descriptions of
40547 personality domains.
40550 Michael Kerrisk [Adhemerval Zanella]
40551 Significant reworking of this page:
40552 * Rework discussion of the (obsolete) binary mode
40553 * Split open_memstream(3) description into a separate page.
40554 * Note various fmemopen() bugs that were fixed in glibc 2.22
40555 * Greatly expand description of 'mode' argument
40556 * Rework description of 'buf' and 'len' arguments
40557 * Expand discussion of "current position" for fmemopen() stream
40561 New page describing ntp_gettime(3) and ntp_gettimex(3)
40565 New page created by split of fmemopen(3).
40566 At the same time, add and rework a few details in the text.
40569 Bill O. Gallmeister, Michael Kerrisk
40570 New man page documenting posix_spawn(3) and posix_spawnp(3)
40573 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer]
40574 Split readdir_r() content into separate page
40575 As suggested by Florian Weimer:
40577 It may make sense to move this documentation to a separate
40578 manual page, specific to readdir_r. This will keep the
40579 readdir() documentation nice and crisp. Most programmers
40580 will never have to consult all these details.
40582 Near complete restructuring of the page and add some further details
40583 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer, Rich Felker, Paul Eggert]
40584 Add a lot more detail on portable use of the 'd_name' field
40587 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer]
40588 New page created after split of readdir(3).
40589 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer]
40590 Explain why readdir_r() is deprecated and readdir() is preferred
40591 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer]
40592 Remove misleading code example using pathconf()
40596 New page documenting lirc device driver
40599 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
40600 ---------------------------------------------
40604 Document ntp_adjtime(3)
40607 Michael Kerrisk [Jason Baron]
40608 Document EPOLLEXCLUSIVE
40611 Minchan Kim [Michael Kerrisk]
40613 Document the MADV_FREE flag added to madvise() in Linux 4.5.
40617 Document CmaTotal and CmaFree fields of /proc/meminfo
40619 Document additional /proc/meminfo fields
40620 Document DirectMap4k, DirectMap4M, DirectMap2M, DirectMap1G
40622 Document MemAvailable /proc/meminfo field
40624 Document inotify /proc/PID/fdinfo entries
40626 Document fanotify /proc/PID/fdinfo entries
40628 Add some kernel version numbers for /proc/PID/fdinfo entries
40629 Michael Kerrisk [Patrick Donnelly]
40630 /proc/PID/fdinfo displays the setting of the close-on-exec flag
40631 Note also the pre-3.1 bug in the display of this info.
40634 Craig Gallek [Michael Kerrisk, Vincent Bernat]
40635 Document some BPF-related socket options
40636 Document the behavior and the first kernel version for each of the
40637 following socket options:
40641 SO_ATTACH_REUSEPORT_CBPF
40642 SO_ATTACH_REUSEPORT_EBPF
40648 New and changed links
40649 ---------------------
40653 New link to isalpha.3
40657 Replace page with link to setjmp(3), which now incorporates longjmp()
40661 New link to adjtimex(2)
40665 New link to ntp_gettime.3
40669 Update link to point to new open_memstream(2) page
40673 New link to new posix_spawn.3 page
40677 Rewire link to point to setjmp(3)
40681 New link to strerror.3
40690 Update FTM requirements (_DEFAULT_SOURCE)
40692 Update feature test macro requirements
40693 Update to use _DEFAULT_SOURCE, and also changes brought by
40694 glibc commit 266865c0e7b79d4196e2cc393693463f03c90bd8.
40698 Simplify FTM requirements
40699 Looking at <features.h> (or feature_test_macros(7)), one can
40700 see that when _XOPEN_SOURCE is defined with the value 700
40701 (or greater), then _POSIX_C_SOURCE is defined with the value
40702 200809L (or greater). Therefore, terms in the man pages such as
40704 _XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 700 || _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200809L
40706 can be simplified to:
40708 _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200809L
40712 Simplify FTM requirements
40713 Looking at <features.h> (or feature_test_macros(7)), one can
40714 see that when _XOPEN_SOURCE is defined with the value 600
40715 (or greater), then _POSIX_C_SOURCE is defined with the value
40716 200112L (or greater). Therefore, terms in the man pages such as
40718 _XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 600 || _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200112L
40720 can be simplified to:
40722 _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200112L
40726 Simplify FTM requirements
40727 _XOPEN_SOURCE implies _POSIX_C_SOURCE >=2, so simplify FTM
40728 requirements in various pages.
40732 Remove "or 'cc -std=c99'" from SYNOPSIS
40733 Under the FTM requirements all of these pages document the
40734 requirement for _ISOC99_SOURCE. And feature_test_macros(7) now
40735 documents that "cc -std=c99" produces the same effect as defining
40736 _ISOC99_SOURCE. So, all of these pages don't additionally need
40737 to specify "or 'cc -std=c99'" under the FTM requirements
40738 in the SYNOPSIS. Removing that redundant text also simplifies
40739 the SYNOPSIS a little.
40743 Simplify FTM requirements
40744 Looking at <features.h> (or feature_test_macros(7)), one can
40745 see that when _XOPEN_SOURCE is defined with the value 600
40746 (or greater), then _POSIX_C_SOURCE is defined with the value
40747 200112L (or greater). Therefore, terms in the man pages such as
40749 _XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 600 || _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200112L
40751 can be simplified to:
40753 _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200112L
40757 Remove references to _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED in SYNOPSIS
40758 _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED is obsolete (it existed in SUSv1, but not
40759 subsequent standards). _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 produces the same
40760 effects as (_XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED). Modifying
40761 the SYNOPSIS of various ages that contain:
40763 _XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 500 ||
40764 _XOPEN_SOURCE\ &&\ _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
40768 _XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 500
40770 This has the following benefits:
40772 a) Simplifying the SYNOPSIS by removing ancient
40773 historical information.
40775 b) Preventing users from being misled into using
40776 _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED in new source code.
40780 Remove mention of the obsolete _POSIX_SOURCE macro from SYNOPSIS
40781 _POSIX_SOURCE was a POSIX.1-1990 creation that was soon made
40782 obsolete bu _POSIX_C_SOURCE. Retaining mention of it
40783 in the feature test macro requirements section of the
40784 SYNOPSIS doesn't contain important information, and may
40785 mislead readers into actually trying to use this macro.
40786 A few mentions of it are maintained in a some pages where
40787 defining _POSIX_SOURCE inhibits some behavior.
40789 Various sockets-related pages
40790 Michael Kerrisk [Carlos O'Donell]
40791 Use consistent argument/variable names for socket addresses and lengths
40792 As noted by Carlos, there's quite a bit of inconsistency across
40793 pages. Use 'addr' and 'addrlen' consistently in variables and
40794 function arguments.
40798 Wording fix: "current file offset" ==> "file offset"
40799 "File offset" is the preferred POSIX terminology.
40803 Word "descriptor" more precisely
40804 Use either "file descriptor" or "message queue descriptor".
40808 ERRORS: add reference to signal(7) in description of EINTR
40811 Changes to individual pages
40812 ---------------------------
40816 Add "locale -c charmap" as an example
40817 Addresses https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=104511.
40821 Add hint on purpose of --no-archive
40822 Indicate why using --no-archive might be a good idea. The issue
40823 is that if you create a custom locale with localedef(1) and put
40824 it to the locale archive then during the next glibc upgrade the
40825 locale archive is updated as well and your custom locale is gone.)
40829 ERRORS: improve description for EBADF
40832 Michael Kerrisk [John Stultz]
40833 Various improvements after feedback from John Stultz
40835 Remove FTM requirements
40836 It seems that adjtimex() never needed _BSD_SOURCE (and my
40837 earlier commit 5918743bc8b02b was simply a blunder).
40839 Split EINVAL error cases
40841 Note treatment of out-of-range buf.offset
40843 Don't refer reader to adjtime(3)
40844 Probably, it's not wise to suggest adjtime(3) as the more
40845 portable API. Rather, ntp_adjtime(3) should be used.
40846 Michael Kerrisk [Naresh Kamboju]
40847 Update details of buf.offset EINVAL error
40849 SEE ALSO: add ntp_gettime(3)
40851 Improve description of some PPS timex fields
40853 Add ATTRIBUTES section
40854 William Preston [Petr Gajdos]
40855 Update a detail in adjtimex return value description
40857 Note range constraints and clamping for ADJ_FREQUENCY
40861 Note that glibc support for this system call went away in version 2.23
40865 Improve description of ENOENT error
40869 Document close-on-exec semantics
40870 The close-on-exec file descriptor flag is automatically enabled
40871 for FDs returned by bpf().
40875 Clarify terminology (file mode versus file permission bits)
40879 ERRORS: improve EBADF description
40884 Remove mention of _BSD_SOURCE and _SVID_SOURCE
40885 The right way to expose declarations for these Linux-specific
40886 system calls was always _GNU_SOURCE. Mentioning the historical
40887 use of _BSD_SOURCE and _SVID_SOURCE just clouds the issue.
40891 ERRORS: improve EBADF description
40895 Glibc 2.23 removed last vestiges of support for this system call
40899 Glibc 2.23 removed last vestiges of support for this system call
40903 Document ELOOP error for circular monitoring loops
40907 Note that eventfd info is available in /proc/PID/fdinfo
40910 Michael Kerrisk [Krzysztof Adamski]
40911 Add EPERM error for capabilities check of capability-dumb binaries
40913 Add reference to ld-linux.so(8)
40915 SEE ALSO: add system(3)
40919 Note kernel version that allowed O_CLOEXEC for event_f_flags
40924 SEE ALSO: add lslocks(8)
40927 Michael Kerrisk [Jason Vas Dias]
40928 Rework description of F_SETOWN
40929 As suggested by Jason, make it clearer that I/O signalling
40930 requires the use of both F_SETOWN and O_ASYNC. While we're at,
40931 make a few other cleanups to the text.
40933 Remove mention of _BSD_SOURCE to get definition of F_SETOWN/F_GETOWN
40934 This usage went away in glibc 2.20, and the simplest remedy
40935 is just to omit mention of it.
40939 FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME can now be used with FUTEX_WAIT
40943 Note that glibc does not support this system call
40947 Glibc 2.23 removed last vestiges of support for this system call
40950 Heinrich Schuchardt
40951 Include uapi/linux/wireless.h
40952 Add the list of wireless IOCTLs.
40953 Heinrich Schuchardt
40955 sockios.h is now in include/uapi
40956 Heinrich Schuchardt
40957 Add reference to netdevice.7
40958 netdevice.7 describes most of the IOCTLs of sockios.h
40959 Heinrich Schuchardt
40960 Transfer structure (wireless.h IOCTLs)
40961 The sole parameter to be passed to the wireless.h IOCTLs is
40962 of type struct iwreq *.
40965 Michael Kerrisk [Alex Henrie]
40966 ioperm.2: Permissions are inherited across fork(2)
40967 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=99911
40970 Michael Kerrisk [Alex Henrie]
40971 Permissions are not inherited across fork(2) or preserved on execve(2)
40972 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=99901
40976 FUSE now supports SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA
40978 NFS supports SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA
40981 SEE ALSO: add open(2)
40985 Clarify MADV_HWPOISON wording to say that it applies to a page range
40989 SEE ALSO: add mknod(1)
40993 SEE ALSO: add findmnt(8)
40997 NOTES: mention existence of proc/PID/fd and /proc/PID/fdinfo
40998 Mark Post [Petr Gajdos]
40999 O_TMPFILE support is now provided bt Btrfs
41002 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake]
41003 Note treatment of 'pipefd' on error
41006 Michael Kerrisk [Josh Triplett]
41007 Document spurious EAGAIN error that can occur on other systems
41008 Light reworking of text proposed by Josh Triplett.
41012 Clarify EINVAL error description
41015 Heinrich Schuchardt
41016 Equivalence to read()
41017 Describe the recv(2)-read(2) and the recvfrom(2)-recv(2)
41018 equivalences for zero-valued arguments.
41020 MSG_WAITALL has no effect for datagram sockets
41025 Fix type of cmsg_len member of cmsghdr structure
41026 The type shown for cmsg_len member of cmsghdr structure is socklen_t,
41027 but the actual type used by glibc and the kernel is size_t.
41028 The information was obtained from glibc source code:
41029 http://bit.ly/21m1RMp
41031 Note that cmsg_len is typed as socklen_t in POSIX.1
41034 sched_setaffinity.2
41035 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer, Florian Weimer]
41036 Warn that CPU_ALLOC() may allocate a slightly CPU set than requested
41037 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer]
41038 Add reference to CPU_ALLOC(3)
41041 Michael Kerrisk [Akihiro Suda]
41042 EPERM depends on affinity mask of target thread, not calling thread
41045 Michael Kerrisk [Josh Triplett]
41046 Document spurious EAGAIN error that can occur on other systems
41047 Light reworking of text proposed by Josh Triplett.
41048 Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos
41049 Mention the 'fd_set' size limitation early and refer to poll(2)
41050 Change this because of the serious limitation of select()
41051 imposing a limit on the range of file descriptors that can
41052 be monitored. This is currently mentioned too late in the
41053 documentation (in the NOTES section). The man page should
41054 warn early and refer to poll(2) as soon as possible.
41056 Add details on the glibc fixed-size fd_set limitation
41057 No modern application should use select() on Linux.
41061 Some readability fixes to example program
41063 Better variable names in example program
41065 Simplify 'if' logic in example program
41067 Use correct type (socklen_t) for addrlen
41070 Michael Kerrisk [Davidlohr Bueso, Manfred Spraul, Philip Semanchuk]
41071 NOTES: note when 'sempid' is set on various implementations
41072 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=112271 and
41073 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/2162754/
41074 Subject: [PATCH] Don't set sempid in semctl syscall.
41075 Date: 2016-02-26 12:21:38 GMT
41079 Tweak comment describing 'sempid'
41083 Fix incorrect description in text referring to splice(2)
41085 SEE ALSO: add copy_file_range(2)
41089 Correct/simplify FTM requirements for BSD setpgrp() and getpgrp()
41093 Note that signalfd info is available in /proc/PID/fdinfo
41096 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
41097 Explicitly refer the reader to sigsetops(3)
41098 This man page did not make it obvious which functions
41099 should be used for manipulating signals sets, nor where
41100 those functions were documented.
41103 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake]
41104 Note treatment of 'sv' on error
41108 Improve description of 0 return value.
41109 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=90911
41112 Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Wilk]
41113 Use consistent case for hex constants
41117 Clarify description and document the Linux data integrity guarantees
41121 Add more architectures and improve error documentation
41122 Move the error register documentation into the main table rather
41123 than listing them in sentences after the fact.
41125 Add sparc error return details.
41127 Add details for alpha/arc/m68k/microblaze/nios2/powerpc/superh/
41132 Add copy_file_range(2)
41136 Fix an incorrect description in NOTES
41137 The text has an incorrect description in NOTES, it says
41138 that (2^32/HZ) - 300 is about 429 million. It is correct
41139 only if HZ=10 which does not look common today. So just
41140 removing "(i.e., about 429 million)" is good enough.
41144 SEE ALSO: add truncate(1)
41148 Mention CONFIG_USELIB
41150 Note that glibc does not support this (obsolete) system call
41155 Rename the "status" argument to "wstatus"
41156 The fact that exit(3)/_exit(2) has an argument called
41157 "status" and the same name is used in the arguments to the
41158 wait*() calls can a little too easily lead the user into
41159 thinking that the two arguments hold the same information,
41160 when of course they don't. So, use a different name
41161 for the argument of the wait*() functions, to reduce
41162 the chances of such confusion.
41165 Michael Kerrisk [Martin Gebert]
41166 Small fixes to example program
41169 Michael Kerrisk [Matt Zimmerman]
41170 Clarify the use and effect of clearenv()
41171 See http://bugs.debian.org/679323
41173 Variables can be added to the environment after calling clearenv()
41177 Show an alternative equivalence for clog10()
41179 Update CONFORMING TO
41180 Fix grammar error and add C11.
41183 Michael Kerrisk [Paul Pluzhnikov]
41184 Describe 'struct dl_phdr_info' fields added in glibc 2.4
41185 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=103011
41186 Michael Kerrisk [Simon Que]
41187 Note that first object visited by 'callback' is the main program
41188 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=94141
41192 Add some explanation of ENOENT error
41196 SEE ALSO: add system(3)
41199 Michael Kerrisk [Joachim Wuttke]
41200 SEE ALSO: add expm1(3)
41204 SEE ALSO: add open_memstream(3)
41208 BUGS: glibc-2.23 now has LFS support for the fts functions
41211 Michael Kerrisk [Alan Cox]
41212 gamma() was documented in SVID 2
41215 Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Schwab, Orion Poplawski]
41216 Update FTM requirements for glibc 2.22
41217 Since glibc 2.22 getaddrinfo() etc. are only declared for
41218 POSIX.1-2001 or later.
41222 SEE ALSO: add pwd(1)
41226 Help the reader by explicitly mentioning the use of readdir(3)
41230 Suggest use of strerror(3) in place of deprecated 'sys_errlist'
41235 The glibc implementation of posix_fallocate(), which calls
41236 fallocate(), may be interrupted. The fallocate() emulation
41237 also makes use of pread()/pwrite(), which may also be
41241 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake]
41242 Note posix_memalign()'s treatment of 'memptr' on error
41244 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
41246 SEE ALSO: add CPU_SET(3)
41249 Dr. Tobias Quathamer
41250 Remove double CONFORMING TO section
41254 Add missing condition concerning .rhosts file
41255 The list of conditions determining if iruserok() and ruserok()
41256 functions automatically fail is incomplete. According to glibc
41257 source code, the functions also fail if the .rhosts file
41258 is hard linked anywhere.
41262 SEE ALSO: add stdbuf(1)
41266 Rewrite and merge longjmp()/siglongjmp() discussion into this page
41267 The discussion of nonlocal gotos is much easier to read if
41268 setjmp() and longjmp() are discussed in the same page. While
41269 we're at it, rework almost the entire text and add several
41272 Note the interactions of longjmp() and non-async-signal-safe functions
41273 POSIX.1-2008 TC2 adds explicit text on this point.
41274 See http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=516#c1195
41276 Explain why nonlocal gotos make code harder to maintain
41278 Reword warning on longjmp() to function that has already returned
41280 Remove reference to obsolete _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
41284 SEE ALSO: add sleep(1)
41287 Michael Kerrisk [Jeremy Harris]
41288 Note which 'tm' fields are used to calculate each output string
41289 See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1162218
41292 Michael Kerrisk [Alan Aversa]
41293 CONFORMING TO: add C11
41297 SEE ALSO: add execve(2)
41300 Dr. Tobias Quathamer
41301 Document line length in canonical mode
41302 See https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/drivers/tty/n_tty.c#n1673
41303 See https://bugs.debian.org/797479
41305 SEE ALSO: add tty(1)
41306 Michael Kerrisk [Peter Hurley]
41307 Further improvements to recent tweaks of canonical mode 4096 char limit
41310 Michael Kerrisk [Stephen Hurd, Mats Wichmann]
41311 Remove sample implementation of timegm()
41312 Stephen and Mats both question the wisdom of showing a portable
41313 *non-thread-safe* implementation of timegm(), and I find it
41314 hard to disagree. So, remove this code.
41316 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=103701
41318 Expand DESCRIPTION a little
41321 Dr. Tobias Quathamer
41322 Remove spurious copyright section
41326 SEE ALSO: add ldattach(1)
41329 Michael Kerrisk [Gabriel Corona, Mike Frysinger]
41330 Fix description of STV_PROTECTED
41332 Improve description of STV_DEFAULT
41334 Improve description of STV_HIDDEN
41336 Remove erroneous, duplicate SHN_* section
41337 Michael Kerrisk [Chris Pick]
41338 Reword discussion of range values a little
41342 Add VERSIONS section
41346 SEE ALSO: add groups(2)
41347 SEE ALSO: add gpasswd(1)
41348 SEE ALSO: add sg(1)
41349 SE ALSO: add gshadow(5)
41350 SEE ALSO: add chgrp(1)
41353 Marko Myllynen [Mike Frysinger]
41354 tel + fax are deprecated
41358 Update NSS compatibility mode description
41362 SEE ALSO: add lslogins(1)
41365 Andreas Gruenbacher
41367 When aio_sigevent.sigev_notify is set to SIGEV_SIGNAL, signal
41368 handlers called for asynchronous I/O operations will have
41369 si->si_code set to SI_ASYNCIO. Check to make sure that
41370 si->si_value.sival_ptr is defined.
41374 Explain safety check for capability-dumb binaries
41376 SEE ALSO: add sg(1), su(1)
41377 SEE ALSO: add id(1), group(5), passwd(5)
41381 SEE ALSO: add groups(2)
41385 Describe the Bourne "NAME=value command" syntax
41387 Add some details describing hos shell's environment is initialized
41389 Note that child of fork(2) inherits copy of parent's environment
41391 SEE ALSO: add pam_env(3)
41395 Mention that epoll info is available via /proc/PID/fdinfo
41399 Refer reader to proc(5) for info on /proc/PID/fdinfo fanotify entries
41402 feature_test_macros.7
41404 Add a summary of some FTM key points
41406 Give an early hint about some macros being defined by default
41408 Clarify relation between _XOPEN_SOURCE >=500 and _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
41409 Emphasize that defining _XOPEN_SOURCE >=500 produces same
41410 effects as defining _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED.
41412 Note that man pages don't mention _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
41413 As per previous commit, mention of _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
41414 has generally been removed from the man pages.
41416 Note effects of "cc -std=c99" and "cc -std=c11"
41418 Clarify some _ISOC99_SOURCE / _DEFAULT_SOURCE details
41420 Clarify that _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED is obsolete
41421 Since SUSv2, _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED is no longer specified
41426 Refer reader to proc(5) for info on /proc/PID/fdinfo inotify entries
41430 Document IP_BIND_ADDRESS_NO_PORT socket option
41434 Note that the close-on-exec flag is automatically set on MQ descriptors
41438 SEE ALSO: add lsns(1)
41439 lsns(1) was recently added in util-linux, probably to appear
41440 in next release (2.28?).
41443 Michael Kerrisk [Jason Vas Dias]
41444 Clarify that I/O signalling requires use of both F_SETOWN and O_ASYNC
41446 SEE ALSO: add mkfifo(1)
41450 Note the interactions of longjmp() and non-async-signal-safe functions
41451 See http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=516#c1195.
41455 SEE ALSO: add pcap(3)
41456 SEE ALSO: add wireshark(1) and tcpdump(8)
41460 Add POSIX.1-2008 TC2 (POSIX.1-2016)
41464 Tweak description of 'sempid'
41466 SEE ALSO: add lsipc(1)
41469 Michael Kerrisk [Zefram]
41470 Some "magic" symlinks have permissions other than 0777
41471 See https://bugs.debian.org/743525
41475 SEE ALSO: add timeout(1)
41476 SEE ALSO: add ntp_adjtime(3) and ntp_gettime(3)
41479 Dr. Tobias Quathamer
41480 Document private use areas
41481 See https://bugs.debian.org/285444
41484 Heinrich Schuchardt
41486 A complete example demonstrating the usage of sockets for local
41487 interprocess communication is added.
41489 Introduce term "sequenced-packet" for SOCK_SEQPACKET
41491 Some wording improvements
41494 ==================== Changes in man-pages-4.06 ====================
41496 Released: 2016-05-09, Oslo
41502 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
41503 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
41504 incorporated in changes in this release:
41506 Alexander Miller <alex.miller@gmx.de>
41507 Alon Bar-Lev <alon.barlev@gmail.com>
41508 Benjamin Poirier <bpoirier@suse.com>
41509 Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
41510 Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
41511 Dr. Tobias Quathamer <toddy@debian.org>
41512 Ed Avis <eda@waniasset.com>
41513 Georg Sauthoff <gsauthof@techfak.uni-bielefeld.de>
41514 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
41515 Jakub Wilk <jwilk@jwilk.net>
41516 Jordan Birks <birkses@hotmail.com>
41517 Marko Myllynen <myllynen@redhat.com>
41518 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
41519 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
41520 Nikola Forró <nforro@redhat.com>
41521 Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
41522 Serge E. Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
41523 Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com>
41524 Valery Reznic <valery_reznic@yahoo.com>
41525 Zubair Lutfullah Kakakhel <Zubair.Kakakhel@imgtec.com>
41527 Apologies if I missed anyone!
41530 New and rewritten pages
41531 -----------------------
41534 Serge Hallyn, Michael Kerrisk
41535 New page documenting cgroups
41537 cgroup_namespaces.7
41538 Michael Kerrisk [Serge Hallyn]
41539 New page describing cgroup namespaces
41542 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
41543 ---------------------------------------------
41547 Document CLONE_NEWCGROUP
41551 Document preadv2() and pwritev2()
41554 Document CLONE_NEWCGROUP
41558 Document CLONE_NEWCGROUP
41561 Changes to individual pages
41562 ---------------------------
41565 Michael Kerrisk [Rasmus Villemoes]
41566 Note that coarse clocks need architecture and VDSO support
41571 Document ERESTARTNOINTR error code
41574 Michael Kerrisk [Colin Ian King]
41575 ERRORS: add EINVAL for improperly aligned 'child_stack' value
41578 Michael Kerrisk [Valery Reznic]
41579 Since Linux 2.6.28, recursive script interpretation is supported
41583 Note that mandatory locking is now governed by a configuration option
41586 Michael Kerrisk [Georg Sauthoff]
41587 Give some examples of files where sync can fail with EINVAL
41591 SEE ALSO: add cgroups(7)
41594 Heinrich Schuchardt
41595 Use %04x to print volume ID
41596 Leading zeroes should be used when display a FAT volume ID.
41600 SEE ALSO: add cgroups(7)
41604 Note that 'off_t' is an integer data type defined by POSIX
41608 Note that memfd_create() does not have a glibc wrapper
41612 MS_MANDLOCK requires CAP_SYS_ADMIN (since Linux 4.5)
41616 Document Q_GETNEXTQUOTA and Q_XGETNEXTQUOTA
41618 Rework/reorder ERRORS list
41619 Make into a single alphabetically ordered list
41621 Note kernel version that removed Q_GETSTATS
41623 Add kernel version for G_GETINFO, Q_SETINFO, and Q_GETFMT
41627 Clarify that 'size_t' and 'ssize_t' are integer types specified in POSIX
41631 From kernel 4.6, Linux now updates 'sempid' on SETALL operations
41635 Document SEGV_BNDERR
41637 Document SEGV_PKUERR
41641 Add preadv2() and pwritev2()
41645 Clarify that 'size_t' and 'ssize_t' are integer types specified in POSIX
41649 Use <sys/sysmacros.h> in SYNOPSIS
41650 Defining these functions via <sys/types.h> causes problems for
41651 some folk. As noted by Zack Wein:
41653 libstdc++ force-enables _GNU_SOURCE, which means people
41654 writing in C++ _can't_ avoid these nonstandard macros by
41655 using a strict conformance mode.
41657 Since glibc has basically always used <sys/sysmacros.h>,
41658 update the docs to have people include that instead.
41660 NOTES: mention that <sys/types.h> may also define these macros
41664 RETURN VALUE: describe successful case
41666 http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/popen.html
41667 http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pclose.html
41670 Michael Kerrisk [Ed Avis]
41671 Improve a detail in RETURN VALUE
41675 Document /proc/sys/kernel/core_pipe_limit
41679 Adjust LC_IDENTIFICATION / abbreviation
41680 Tiny tweak to locale.5 based on the on ISO/IEC TR 14652:
41682 http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/SC22/WG20/docs/n972-14652ft.pdf
41684 Update LC_ADDRESS after glibc change
41685 This patch updates locale.5 to match the recent glibc change
41686 in commit a837257199ffab76237385b830cc7b6179fc2f18
41688 Complete LC_COLLATE
41689 Here's the first attempt to (almost) complete the locale.5 manual
41690 page by documenting all (but perhaps one) of the missing
41691 LC_COLLATE keywords.
41693 country_car: Add a better description
41698 Document group merging
41699 Document the recently merged glibc group merge support.
41700 Glibc commit ced8f8933673f4efda1d666d26a1a949602035ed
41701 https://sourceware.org/glibc/wiki/Proposals/GroupMerging
41705 Move /proc/PID/cgroup discussion to cgroups(7) page
41707 Add some background on why /proc/PID/mountinfo was added
41709 Improve description of /proc/PID/mountinfo 'root' field
41711 Add pointer to cgroups(7) for documentation of /proc/cgroups
41713 Add reference to core(5) for info on /proc/sys/kernel/core_pipe_limit
41717 SEE ALSO: add cgroups(7)
41721 Fix incorrect sockopt name
41722 "IP_LEAVE_GROUP" does not exist. It was perhaps a confusion with
41723 MCAST_LEAVE_GROUP. Change the text to IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP which has
41724 the same function as MCAST_LEAVE_GROUP and is documented in the
41728 Linux kernel net/ipv4/ip_sockglue.c do_ip_setsockopt()
41732 SEE ALSO: add cgroups(7), cgroup_namespaces(7)
41735 Zubair Lutfullah Kakakhel [Mike Frysinger]
41737 Document the symbols exported by the MIPS VDSO.
41738 VDSO support was added from kernel 4.4 onwards.
41740 See https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/log/arch/mips/vdso
41741 Michael Kerrisk [Rasmus Villemoes]
41742 The __kernel_clock_* interfaces don't support *_COARSE clocks on PowerPC
41745 Michael Kerrisk [Alon Bar-Lev]
41746 Document use of $ORIGIN, $LIB, and $PLATFORM in environment variables
41747 These strings are meaningful in LD_LIBRARY_PATH and LD_PRELOAD.
41750 ==================== Changes in man-pages-4.07 ====================
41752 Released: 2016-07-17, Ulm
41758 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
41759 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
41760 incorporated in changes in this release:
41762 Alec Leamas <leamas.alec@gmail.com>
41763 Andrey Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
41764 Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
41765 Carsten Grohmann <carstengrohmann@gmx.de>
41766 Chris Gassib <position0x45@hotmail.com>
41767 Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
41768 Darren Hart <dvhart@infradead.org>
41769 Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
41770 Élie Bouttier <elie@bouttier.eu>
41771 Eric Biggers <ebiggers3@gmail.com>
41772 Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
41773 Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
41774 Håkon Sandsmark <hsandsma@cisco.com>
41775 Iustin Pop <iustin@k1024.org>
41776 Jacob Willoughby <jacob@spacemonkey.com>
41777 Jakub Wilk <jwilk@jwilk.net>
41778 James H Cownie <james.h.cownie@intel.com>
41779 Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
41780 John Wiersba <jrw32982@yahoo.com>
41781 Jörn Engel <joern@purestorage.com>
41782 Josh Triplett <josh@kernel.org>
41783 Kai Mäkisara <kai.makisara@kolumbus.fi>
41784 Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
41785 Keno Fischer <keno@juliacomputing.com>
41786 Li Peng <lip@dtdream.com>
41787 Marko Kevac <marko@kevac.org>
41788 Marko Myllynen <myllynen@redhat.com>
41789 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
41790 Michał Zegan <webczat_200@poczta.onet.pl>
41791 Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
41792 Mitch Walker <mitch@gearnine.com>
41793 Neven Sajko <nsajko@gmail.com>
41794 Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos <nmav@redhat.com>
41795 Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
41796 Ori Avtalion <ori@avtalion.name>
41797 Rahul Bedarkar <rahulbedarkar89@gmail.com>
41798 Robin Kuzmin <kuzmin.robin@gmail.com>
41799 Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
41800 Shawn Landden <shawn@churchofgit.com>
41801 Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
41802 Stephen Smalley <sds@tycho.nsa.gov>
41803 Szabolcs Nagy <szabolcs.nagy@arm.com>
41804 Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
41805 Tobias Stoeckmann <tobias@stoeckmann.org>
41806 Tom Callaway <tcallawa@redhat.com>
41807 Tom Gundersen <teg@jklm.no>
41808 Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
41809 W. Trevor King <wking@tremily.us>
41810 "Yuming Ma(马玉明)" <mayuming@le.com>
41812 Apologies if I missed anyone!
41815 New and rewritten pages
41816 -----------------------
41818 ioctl_fideduperange.2
41819 Darrick J. Wong [Christoph Hellwig, Michael Kerrisk]
41820 New page documenting the FIDEDUPERANGE ioctl
41821 Document the FIDEDUPERANGE ioctl, formerly known as
41822 BTRFS_IOC_EXTENT_SAME.
41824 ioctl_ficlonerange.2
41825 Darrick J. Wong [Christoph Hellwig, Michael Kerrisk]
41826 New page documenting FICLONE and FICLONERANGE ioctls
41827 Document the FICLONE and FICLONERANGE ioctls, formerly known as
41828 the BTRFS_IOC_CLONE and BTRFS_IOC_CLONE_RANGE ioctls.
41832 New page documenting nextup(), nextdown(), and related functions
41835 Michael Kerrisk [Michael Kerrisk]
41836 New page describing mount namespaces
41839 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
41840 ---------------------------------------------
41844 Document flags used to set propagation type
41845 Document MS_SHARED, MS_PRIVATE, MS_SLAVE, and MS_UNBINDABLE.
41847 Document the MS_REC flag
41850 Michael Kerrisk [Kees Cook, Jann Horn, Eric W. Biederman, Stephen Smalley]
41851 Document ptrace access modes
41855 Document /proc/[pid]/timerslack_ns
41857 Document /proc/PID/status 'Ngid' field
41859 Document /proc/PID/status fields: 'NStgid', 'NSpid', 'NSpgid', 'NSsid'
41861 Document /proc/PID/status 'Umask' field
41864 New and changed links
41865 ---------------------
41870 New links to readv(2)
41878 New links to nextup(3)
41881 Changes to individual pages
41882 ---------------------------
41886 Add a little more detail on why ldd is unsafe with untrusted executables
41888 Add more detail on the output of ldd
41892 Drop --old-style description
41893 The glibc upstream decided to drop localedef(1) --old-style
41894 option [1] altogether, I think we can do the same with
41895 localedef(1), the option hasn't done anything in over 16
41896 years and I doubt anyone uses it.
41900 Empty payloads are not allowed in user-defined keys
41904 SEE ALSO: add pivot_root(2)
41908 Add reference to mount_namespaces(7) under CLONE_NEWNS description
41912 Add ENOMEM error for PID namespace where "init" has died
41916 Correct an ENOSYS error description
41917 Since Linux 4.5, FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME is allowed with FUTEX_WAIT.
41918 Michael Kerrisk [Darren Hart]
41919 Remove crufty text about FUTEX_WAIT_BITSET interpretation of timeout
41920 Since Linux 4.5, FUTEX_WAIT also understands
41921 FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME.
41922 Michael Kerrisk [Thomas Gleixner]
41923 Explain how to get equivalent of FUTEX_WAIT with an absolute timeout
41925 Describe FUTEX_BITSET_MATCH_ANY
41926 Describe FUTEX_BITSET_MATCH_ANY and FUTEX_WAIT and FUTEX_WAKE
41929 Note that at least one bit must be set in mask for BITSET operations
41930 At least one bit must be set in the 'val3' mask supplied for the
41931 FUTEX_WAIT_BITSET and FUTEX_WAKE_BITSET operations.
41932 Michael Kerrisk [Thomas Gleixner, Darren Hart]
41933 Fix descriptions of various timeouts
41935 Clarify clock default and choices for FUTEX_WAIT
41939 Substantial rewrites to various parts of the page
41940 Michael Kerrisk [Tom Callaway]
41941 Change license to note that page may be modified
41942 The page as originally written carried text that said the page may
41943 be freely distributed but made no statement about modification.
41944 In the 20+ years since it was first written, the page has in fact
41945 seen repeated, sometimes substantial, modifications, and only a
41946 small portion of the original text remains. One could I suppose
41947 rewrite the last few pieces that remain from the original,
41948 but as the largest contributor to the pages existing text,
41949 I'm just going to relicense it to explicitly note that
41950 modification is permitted. (I presume the failure by the
41951 original author to grant permission to modify was simply an
41952 oversight; certainly, the large number of people who have
41953 changed the page have taken that to be the case.)
41955 See also https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=118311
41958 Michael Kerrisk [Jörn Engel]
41959 Correct rounding to 'maxnodes' (bits, not bytes)
41960 Michael Kerrisk [Jörn Engel]
41961 Fix prototype for get_mempolicy()
41962 In numaif.h, 'addr' is typed as 'void *'
41966 Make discussion of RLIMIT_NICE more prominent
41967 The discussion of RLIMIT_NICE was hidden under the EPERM error,
41968 where it was difficult to find. Place some relevant text in
41971 Note that getpriority()/setpriority deal with same attribute as nice(2)
41972 Michael Kerrisk [Robin Kuzmin]
41973 Clarify equivalence between lower nice value and higher priority
41977 get_robust_list() is governed by PTRACE_MODE_READ_REALCREDS
41981 SEE ALSO: add ioctl_fideduperange(2) and ioctl_ficlonerange(2)
41985 kcmp() is governed by PTRACE_MODE_READ_REALCREDS
41987 Note about SECURITY_YAMA
41989 Michael Kerrisk [John Wiersba]
41990 Clarify the meaning if sig==0
41994 SEE ALSO: add oprofile(1)
41997 Michael Kerrisk [Rahul Bedarkar]
41998 EXAMPLE: for completeness, add munmap() and close() calls
42002 Restructure discussion of 'mountflags' into functional groups
42003 The existing text makes no differentiation between different
42004 "classes" of mount flags. However, certain flags such as
42005 MS_REMOUNT, MS_BIND, MS_MOVE, etc. determine the general
42006 type of operation that mount() performs. Furthermore, the
42007 choice of which class of operation to perform is performed in
42008 a certain order, and that order is significant if multiple
42009 flags are specified. Restructure and extend the text to
42010 reflect these details.
42012 Relocate text on multimounting and mount stacking to NOTES
42013 The text was somewhat out of place in its previous location;
42014 NOTES is a better location.
42016 Remove version numbers attached to flags that are modifiable on remount
42017 This information was simply bogus. Mea culpa.
42019 Refer reader to mount_namespaces(7) for details on propagation types
42021 SEE ALSO: s/namespaces(7)/mount_namespaces(7)/
42023 MS_BIND still ignores mountflags
42024 This is clear from the do_mount() function in the kernel as of v4.6.
42026 Note the default treatment of ATIME flags during MS_REMOUNT
42027 The behavior changed in Linux 3.17.
42029 Clarify that MS_MOVE ignores remaining bits in 'mountflags'
42031 Note kernel version that added MS_MOVE
42033 MS_NOSUID also disables file capabilities
42035 Relocate/demote/rework text on MS_MGC_VAL
42036 The use of this constant has not been needed for 15 years now.
42038 Clarify that 'source' and 'target' are pathnames, and can refer to files
42040 Update example list of filesystem types
42041 Put more modern examples in; remove many older examples.
42043 MS_LAZYTIME and MS_RELATIME can be changed on remount
42045 Explicitly note that MS_DIRSYNC setting cannot be changed on remount
42047 Move text describing 'data' argument higher up in page
42048 In preparation for other reworking.
42050 Since Linux 2.6.26, bind mounts can be made read-only
42054 Refer to correct functions in description of O_TMPFILE
42057 Michael Kerrisk [Tom Callaway]
42058 Change license to note that page may be modified
42059 Niki Rahimi, the author of this page, has agreed that it's okay
42060 to change the license to note that the page can be modified.
42062 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=118311
42066 If pid > 0, the operation is governed by PTRACE_MODE_READ_REALCREDS
42068 Document new perf_event_paranoid default
42069 Keno Fischer [Vince Weaver]
42070 Add a note that dyn_size is omitted if size == 0
42071 The perf_output_sample_ustack in kernel/events/core.c only writes
42072 a single 64 bit word if it can't dump the user registers. From the
42073 current version of the man page, I would have expected two 64 bit
42074 words (one for size, one for dyn_size). Change the man page to
42075 make this behavior explicit.
42079 Some wording improvements in timer slack description
42081 Refer reader to discussion of /proc/[pid]/timerslack_ns
42082 Under discussion of PR_SET_TIMERSLACK, refer the reader to
42083 the /proc/[pid]/timerslack_ns file, documented in proc(5).
42087 Rephrase permission rules in terms of a ptrace access mode check
42090 Michael Kerrisk [Jann Horn]
42091 Update Yama ptrace_scope documentation
42092 Reframe the discussion in terms of PTRACE_MODE_ATTACH checks,
42093 and make a few other minor tweaks and additions.
42094 Michael Kerrisk, Jann Horn
42095 Note that user namespaces can be used to bypass Yama protections
42097 Note that PTRACE_SEIZE is subject to a ptrace access mode check
42099 Rephrase PTRACE_ATTACH permissions in terms of ptrace access mode check
42102 Michael Kerrisk [Jacob Willoughby]
42103 'dqb_curspace' is in bytes, not blocks
42104 This error appears to have been injected into glibc
42105 when copying some headers from BSD.
42107 See https://bugs.debian.org/825548
42110 Michael Kerrisk [Tom Gundersen]
42111 With pending 0-length datagram read() and recv() with flags == 0 differ
42115 Jann Horn [Michael Kerrisk]
42116 Fix note about errors from the syscall wrapper
42117 See sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/i386/setfsuid.c in glibc-2.2.1.
42118 (This code is not present in modern glibc anymore.)
42120 Move glibc wrapper notes to "C library/kernel differences" subsection
42124 Rewrite and update various pieces
42128 NOTES: Mention /proc/PID/status 'Umask' field
42132 SEE ALSO: add mount_namespaces(7)
42136 Add reference to mount_namespaces(7) under CLONE_NEWNS description
42139 Michael Kerrisk [Rob Landley]
42140 Note that the glibc wrapper disallows pathname==NULL
42144 Since Linux 4.7, __WALL is implied if child being ptraced
42146 waitid() now (since Linux 4.7) also supports __WNOTHREAD/__WCLONE/__WALL
42149 Nikos Mavrogiannopoulos
42150 Improved description
42151 Removed text referring to text not being helpful to users. Provide
42152 the error text instead to allow the reader to determine whether it
42153 is helpful. Recommend against using NDEBUG for programs to
42154 exhibit deterministic behavior. Moved description ahead of
42157 Clarify details of message printed by assert()
42162 SEE ALSO: add fdim(3)
42166 Correct AT_HWCAP result description
42174 glibc 2.24 removes __malloc_initialize_hook
42177 Michael Kerrisk [Shawn Landden]
42178 Note that memmem() is present on some other systems
42183 SEE ALSO: add mktemp(1)
42186 Michael Kerrisk [Shawn Landden]
42187 Note support in other C libraries for %m and %n
42190 Michael Kerrisk [Ori Avtalion]
42191 Make details of strncasecmp() comparison clearer
42195 Add a program that shows the performance characteristics of strcat()
42196 In honor of Joel Spolksy's visit to Munich, let's start educating
42197 Schlemiel The Painter.
42201 SEE ALSO: add a64l(3)
42204 Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer]
42205 Remove NOTES section
42206 strxfrm() and strncpy() are not precisely equivalent in the
42207 POSIX locale, so this NOTES section was not really correct.
42209 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=104221
42217 Remove console(4) references
42218 0f9e647 removed the obsolete console(4) page but we still have few
42219 references to it. The patch below removes them or converts to refs
42220 to console_ioctl(4) where appropriate.
42223 Michael Kerrisk [Chris Gassib]
42224 The argument to KDGETMODE is an 'int'
42228 Update after upstreamed lirc.h, bugfixes.
42232 Fix description of read() when block is larger than request
42234 Update MTMKPART for kernels >= 4.6
42235 Update the description of the MTMKPART operation of MTIOCTOP to match
42236 the changes in kernel version 4.6.
42240 Clarify keyword syntax
42241 Updates charmap(5) to match the syntax all the glibc
42242 charmap files are using currently.
42246 SEE ALSO: add readelf(1)
42250 Document missing keywords, minor updates
42252 Clarify keyword syntax
42259 Move /proc/PID/mounts information to proc(5)
42260 There was partial duplication, and some extra information
42261 in namespaces(7). Move everything to proc(5).
42265 /proc/PID/fd/* are governed by PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS
42266 Permission to dereference/readlink /proc/PID/fd/* symlinks is
42267 governed by a PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS ptrace access mode check.
42269 /proc/PID/timerslack_ns is governed by PTRACE_MODE_ATTACH_FSCREDS
42270 Permission to access /proc/PID/timerslack_ns is governed by
42271 a PTRACE_MODE_ATTACH_FSCREDS ptrace access mode check.
42273 Document /proc/PID/{maps,mem,pagemap} access mode checks
42274 Permission to access /proc/PID/{maps,pagemap} is governed by a
42275 PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS ptrace access mode check.
42277 Permission to access /proc/PID/mem is governed by a
42278 PTRACE_MODE_ATTACH_FSCREDS ptrace access mode check.
42280 Note /proc/PID/stat fields that are governed by PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS
42282 /proc/PID/{cwd,exe,root} are governed by PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS
42283 Permission to dereference/readlink /proc/PID/{cwd,exe,root} is
42284 governed by a PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS ptrace access mode check.
42286 /proc/PID/io is governed by PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS
42287 Permission to access /proc/PID/io is governed by
42288 a PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS ptrace access mode check.
42290 /proc/PID/{personality,stack,syscall} are governed by PTRACE_MODE_ATTACH_FSCREDS
42291 Permission to access /proc/PID/{personality,stack,syscall} is
42292 governed by a PTRACE_MODE_ATTACH_FSCREDS ptrace access mode check.
42294 /proc/PID/{auxv,environ,wchan} are governed by PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS
42295 Permission to access /proc/PID/{auxv,environ,wchan} is governed by
42296 a PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS ptrace access mode check.
42298 Move shared subtree /proc/PID/mountinfo fields to mount_namespaces(7)
42299 Move information on shared subtree fields in /proc/PID/mountinfo
42300 to mount_namespaces(7).
42301 Michael Kerrisk ["Yuming Ma(马玉明)"]
42302 Note that /proc/net is now virtualized per network namespace
42304 Add references to mount_namespaces(7)
42308 Clarify keyword syntax
42312 SEE ALSO: add logname(1)
42315 Michael Kerrisk [Andy Lutomirski]
42316 Note on SECURE_NO_CAP_AMBIENT_RAISE for capabilities-only environment
42318 Add a detail on use of securebits
42320 cgroup_namespaces.7
42322 SEE ALSO: add namespaces(7)
42326 ERRORS: add mount(2) EBUSY error
42336 Add some charset references
42337 Add some references to related charsets here and there.
42341 SEE ALSO: add runuser(1)
42342 SEE ALSO: add newgrp(1)
42343 SEE ALSO: add sudo(8)
42345 feature_test_macros.7
42347 Emphasize that applications should not directly include <features.h>
42351 Clarify which sections man-pages provides man pages for
42352 Michael Kerrisk [Josh Triplett]
42353 Add a few more details on formatting conventions
42354 Add some more details for Section 1 and 8 formatting.
42355 Separate out formatting discussion into commands, functions,
42360 /proc/PID/ns/* are governed by PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS
42361 Permission to dereference/readlink /proc/PID/ns/* symlinks is
42362 governed by a PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS ptrace access mode check.
42364 Nowadays, file changes in /proc/PID/mounts are notified differently
42365 Exceptional condition for select(), (E)POLLPRI for (e)poll
42367 Remove /proc/PID/mountstats description
42368 This is a duplicate of information in proc(5).
42370 Refer to new mount_namespaces(7) for information on mount namespaces
42374 Describe netlink socket options
42376 Rework version information
42377 (No changes in technical details.)
42381 SEE ALSO: add namespaces(7)
42385 Move discussion on pathname socket permissions to DESCRIPTION
42387 Expand discussion of socket permissions
42389 Fix statement about permissions needed to connect to a UNIX domain socket
42390 Read permission is not required (verified by experiment).
42392 Clarify ownership and permissions assigned during socket creation
42393 Michael Kerrisk [Carsten Grohmann]
42394 Update text on socket permissions on other systems
42395 At least some of the modern BSDs seem to check for write
42396 permission on a socket. (I tested OpenBSD 5.9.) On Solaris 10,
42397 some light testing suggested that write permission is still
42398 not checked on that system.
42400 Note that umask / permissions have no effect for abstract sockets
42402 Fix example code: 'ret' check after accept populates 'data_socket'
42404 Move some abstract socket details to a separate subsection
42406 Note that abstract sockets automatically disappear when FDs are closed
42409 Michael Kerrisk [Michał Zegan]
42410 Clarify meaning of privilege in a user namespace
42411 Having privilege in a user NS only allows privileged
42412 operations on resources governed by that user NS. Many
42413 privileged operations relate to resources that have no
42414 association with any namespace type, and only processes
42415 with privilege in the initial user NS can perform those
42418 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=120671
42419 Michael Kerrisk [Michał Zegan]
42420 List the mount operations permitted by CAP_SYS_ADMIN
42421 List the mount operations permitted by CAP_SYS_ADMIN in a
42424 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=120671
42425 Michael Kerrisk [Michał Zegan]
42426 CAP_SYS_ADMIN allows mounting cgroup filesystems
42427 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=120671
42429 Clarify details of CAP_SYS_ADMIN and cgroup v1 mounts
42430 With respect to cgroups version 1, CAP_SYS_ADMIN in the user
42431 namespace allows only *named* hierarchies to be mounted (and
42432 not hierarchies that have a controller).
42434 Clarify CAP_SYS_ADMIN details for mounting FS_USERNS_MOUNT filesystems
42436 Correct user namespace rules for mounting /proc
42438 Describe a concrete example of capability checking
42439 Add a concrete example of how the kernel checks capabilities in
42440 an associated user namespace when a process attempts a privileged
42443 Correct kernel version where XFS added support for user namespaces
42444 Linux 3.12, not 3.11.
42446 SEE ALSO: add ptrace(2)
42447 SEE ALSO: add cgroup_namespaces(7)
42451 Include RFC 3629 and clarify endianness which is left ambiguous
42452 The endianness is suggested by the order the bytes are displayed,
42453 but the text is ambiguous.
42456 ==================== Changes in man-pages-4.08 ====================
42458 Released: 2016-10-08, Munich
42464 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
42465 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
42466 incorporated in changes in this release:
42468 Arnaud Gaillard <arnaud.mgaillard@gmail.com>
42469 Bill Pemberton <wfp5p@worldbroken.com>
42470 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@redhat.com>
42471 Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
42472 David Turner <novalis@novalis.org>
42473 Dr. Tobias Quathamer <toddy@debian.org>
42474 Elliott Hughes <enh@google.com>
42475 Eugene Syromyatnikov <evgsyr@gmail.com>
42476 Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
42477 Hu Keping <hukeping@huawei.com>
42478 Igor Liferenko <igor.liferenko@gmail.com>
42479 Ivan Kharpalev <ivan.kharpalev@gmail.com>
42480 Jakub Wilk <jwilk@jwilk.net>
42481 Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
42482 Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
42483 Keno Fischer <keno@juliacomputing.com>
42484 Laurent Georget <laurent.georget@supelec.fr>
42485 Local Lembke <logan@blackhillsinfosec.com>
42486 Mats Wichmann <mats@wichmann.us>
42487 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
42488 Mike Crowe <mac@mcrowe.com>
42489 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
42490 Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
42491 Nikola Forró <nforro@redhat.com>
42492 Patrick McLean <patrickm@gaikai.com>
42493 Peter Wu <peter@lekensteyn.nl>
42494 Petr Cermak <petrcermak@chromium.org>
42495 Quentin Rameau <quinq@fifth.space>
42496 Ray Bellis <ray@isc.org>
42497 Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
42498 Ruben Kerkhof <ruben@rubenkerkhof.com>
42499 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
42500 Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
42501 Siward de Groot <siward@wanadoo.nl>
42502 Sloane Bernstein <sloane@cpanel.net>
42503 Stefan Tauner <tauner@technikum-wien.at>
42504 Tim Savannah <kata198@gmail.com>
42505 Ursache Vladimir <f35f22fan@gmail.com>
42506 Zefram <zefram@fysh.org>
42507 王守堰 <wangshouyan@gmail.com>
42509 Apologies if I missed anyone!
42512 New and rewritten pages
42513 -----------------------
42516 Eugene Syromyatnikov [Michael Kerrisk]
42517 Updated information regarding disk quota flags
42518 Added information regarding DQF_SYS_FILE flag; updated definition
42519 of V1_DQF_RSQUASH, which has been defined privately and defined
42520 publicly as DQF_ROOT_SQUASH.
42521 Eugene Syromyatnikov
42522 Updated information regarding XFS-specific quotactl subcommands
42523 Added information regarding structure definitions used for
42524 XFS-specific subcommands, updated flag constants, added
42525 information regarding ignored syscall arguments, added notes on
42526 usage of kernel UAPI header.
42527 Eugene Syromyatnikov
42528 Additions regarding project quotas
42529 Added information regarding presence of project quotas.
42533 New page documenting bswap_16(), bswap_32(), and bswap_64()
42537 Substantial rewrites, additions, and corrections.
42540 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
42541 ---------------------------------------------
42545 Document the pwritev2() RWF_SYNC and RWF_DSYNC flags
42549 Document /proc/PID/seccomp
42551 Document /proc/[pid]/task/[tid]/children
42552 Document the /proc/[pid]/task/[tid]/children interface from
42553 CRIU, and more importantly, document why it's usually not
42557 New and changed links
42558 ---------------------
42563 New link to new bswap.3
42571 Fix section ordering
42572 Various pages had sections in an order different from
42573 that prescribed in man-pages(7).
42576 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
42577 Consistently use /proc/[pid] (not /proc/PID)
42581 Fix order of SEE ALSO entries
42582 Entries should be ordered first by section, and then alphabetically
42583 within the section.
42587 Order ERRORS alphabetically
42591 Remove section number from page self reference
42592 Fix places where pages refer to the function that they describe
42593 and include a section number in that reference. Such references
42594 cause some HTML-rendering tools to create self-references in the
42599 Eliminate groff "cannot adjust line" warnings
42602 Changes to individual pages
42603 ---------------------------
42606 Michael Kerrisk [Carlos O'Donell]
42607 Note gdb(1) command that can be used as a replacement for pldd
42608 Taken from Carlos O'Donnell's suggestion in
42609 https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=18035#c2
42611 BUGS: pldd has not worked since glibc 2.19
42615 Mention epoll(7) alongside poll()/select()
42617 Demote discussion of DECNet to NOTES
42618 DECNet ceased to be important long ago...
42622 Fix kernel version references
42626 Note user namespace requirements for CAP_SYS_CHROOT
42629 Keno Fischer [Josh Triplett]
42630 Adjust syscall prototype and expand CLONE_SETTLS description
42631 Michael Kerrisk [Josh Triplett, Josh Triplett]
42632 Document raw syscall interfaces on various other architectures
42634 Change types for 'ptid' and 'ctid' in syscall prototypes
42635 These types changed from 'void *' to 'int *' back in Linux 3.8.
42637 EINVAL is generated by glibc wrapper for NULL 'fn' or 'child_stack'
42638 Clarify that this error is produced by the wrapper function, not
42639 the underlying system call. In particular, the point is that the
42640 raw system call can accommodate a NULL pointer for 'child_stack'.
42641 Michael Kerrisk [Elliott Hughes]
42642 Make the implications of CLONE_FILES more explicit
42643 If CLONE_FILES is not set, the duplicated FDs nevertheless share
42644 file offset and status flags via the open file description.
42646 Mention kcmp() under notes
42650 Add mention of the close-on-exec flag
42652 Clarify discussion noting that close() does not flush buffer cache
42656 Clarify that the timeout is measured against CLOCK_MONOTONIC
42660 Mention use of 'environ' to access environment list
42662 Note that real UID, real GID, and supplementary GIDs are unchanged
42665 Heinrich Schuchardt
42666 Update BUGS information
42670 Note an important detail of F_SETOWN permission rules for signals
42671 F_SETOWN records the caller's credentials at the time of
42672 the fcntl() call, and it is these saved credentials that
42673 are used for subsequent permission checks.
42675 Make the description of the effect of close-on-exec a little clearer
42677 Clarify that F_GETFD and F_GETFL return flags via the function result
42681 PID of new process also does not match any existing session ID
42685 SEE ALSO: add pwritev(2)
42686 Since Linux 4.7, pwritev() has flags related to I/O
42687 integrity completion.
42691 Note user namespace requirements for CAP_SYS_ADMIN
42695 Note user namespace requirements for CAP_SETGID
42699 Note user namespace requirements for CAP_SYS_ADMIN
42703 Note user namespace semantics for CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
42707 Rework description to be somewhat clearer
42709 Correct the definition of "session ID"
42713 Simplify text referring to vdso(7)
42714 The detail given here is redundant, since this info is also
42719 Add an example program
42723 Note the user namespace requirement for CAP_KILL
42727 Refer reader to kill(2) for signal permission rules
42730 Sebastian Andrzej Siewior
42731 Document that fork() after mlock() may be a bad idea in a RT process
42735 Describe treatment of 'offset' for MAP_ANONYMOUS
42736 Michael Kerrisk [Siward de Groot]
42737 Small improvement to description of MAP_SHARED
42738 See https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6887
42750 Note the user namespace requirements for CAP_IPC_OWNER
42754 Clarify user namespace capability requirements for O_NOATIME
42756 NOTES: kcmp() can be used to test if two FDs refer to the same OFD
42758 F2FS support for O_TMPFILE was added in Linux 3.16
42760 Clarify the rules about how the group ID of a new file is determined
42764 Refer to proc(5) for effects of dumpability on ownership of /proc/PID/*
42766 ERRORS: Add EACCES error for PR_SET_SECCOMP-SECCOMP_MODE_FILTER
42768 Simplify list of cases where "dumpable" attribute is reset
42770 Note user namespace requirements for PR_CAPBSET_DROP CAP_SETPCAP
42773 Michael Kerrisk [Ursache Vladimir]
42774 Make example program handle links that report a size of zero
42775 Some "magic" symlinks created by the kernel (e.g., those under
42776 /proc and /sys) report 'st_size' as zero. Modify the example
42777 program to handle that possibility.
42779 Emphasize that truncation of returned buffer generates no error
42782 Michael Kerrisk [Christoph Hellwig]
42783 Clarify that RWF_DSYNC and RWF_SYNC apply only to data being written
42785 Add preadv2() and pwritev2() to NAME line
42789 Note user namespace requirements around CAP_SYS_BOOT
42792 Michael Kerrisk [Tim Savannah]
42793 Clarify that ERRORS may cause rename to fail (not to be nonatomic)
42795 sched_setaffinity.2
42797 Note user namespace requirements for CAP_SYS_NICE
42801 CAP_SYS_ADMIN is required only in caller's user namespace
42805 Fix various issues in example program
42809 Note user namespace requirements for CAP_SETUID and CAP_SETGID
42813 Note user namespace requirements for CAP_SETGID
42817 Add a reference to credentials(7)
42822 Relocate some text on sessions and sessions leaders
42823 Some text that was in setpgid(2) is better placed in setsid(2).
42827 Note user namespace requirements for CAP_SETUID
42831 Note user namespace requirements for CAP_SETUID and CAP_SETGID
42835 Refer to credentials(7) for details for details on controlling terminal
42836 Refer to credentials(7) for details of how a session obtains
42837 a controlling terminal.
42841 Add get_thread_area() to NAME
42845 Note user namespace requirements for CAP_SETUID
42849 Expand/clarify libc/kernel sigset_t difference
42852 Michael Kerrisk [Ursache Vladimir, Mats Wichmann]
42853 Improve discussion of 'st_size' for /proc and /sys files
42855 _BSD_SOURCE and _SVID_SOURCE no longer expose nanosecond timestamps
42859 Provide a rationale for the existence of /proc/PID/status 'Umask' field
42863 Remove erroneous statement that waitpid() is implemented via wait4()
42864 There is a fallback to wait4(), but only if the kernel does
42865 not provide a waitpid() system call.
42871 Note user namespace requirements for CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE
42875 SEE ALSO: add bswap(3)
42879 dlmopen() is still broken in glibc 2.24
42883 SEE ALSO: add bswap(3)
42886 Michael Kerrisk [Stefan Tauner]
42887 Correct feature test macro requirements
42890 Michael Kerrisk [Rich Felker]
42891 Remove bogus suggestion to use setbuffer()
42895 Update feature test macro requirements for cuserid()
42899 Note that getumask() is still unavailable in glibc 2.24
42901 Point to umask(2) for a thread-safe way to discover process's umask
42905 Fix _POSIX_C_SOURCE value for mkstemp()
42906 The correct _POSIX_C_SOURCE value has always been 200809L,
42910 Michael Kerrisk [Mats Wichmann]
42911 Note that the caller might do clean up after joining with a thread
42912 Michael Kerrisk [王守堰]
42913 Clarify use of 'retval' pointer
42917 Correct arguments to res_ninit(res_state statep)
42921 Add an example program
42924 Michael Kerrisk [Igor Liferenko]
42925 wcsrtombs() does not provide thread-safe interface to same functionality
42926 See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=741360
42929 Mike Frysinger [Michael Kerrisk]
42930 Add more details for output paths and the crash handler
42931 People sometimes assume that the crash handler runs in the same
42932 context as the crashing process. They would be incorrect :).
42936 Clarify the root symlink and mount namespaces
42937 If the target process is in a different mount namespace, the root
42938 symlink actually shows that view of the filesystem.
42939 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
42940 Expand discussion of /proc/[pid]/root
42941 Add a shell example showing that /proc/[pid]/root is more
42942 than a symlink. Based on an example provided by Mike Frysinger
42943 in an earlier commit message.
42945 Explain rules determining ownership of /proc/PID/* files
42946 Describe the effect of the "dumpable" attribute on ownership
42947 of /proc/PID files.
42949 Note effect of 'suid_dumpable' on ownership of /proc/PID files
42951 Refer to ptrace(2) for info on effect of suid_dumpable on ptraceability
42953 Add reference to core(5) in discussion of 'suid_dumpable'
42955 Note that 'suid_dumpable' mode 1 is insecure
42957 Document /proc/meminfo '+ShmemHugePages' and 'ShmemPmdMapped' fields
42959 Document /proc/PID/status 'RssAnon', 'RssFile', and 'RssShmem' fields
42961 Document /proc/PID/status 'HugetlbPages' field
42962 Michael Kerrisk [Zefram]
42963 Clarify that /proc/PID/statm 'shared' field counts *resident* pages
42964 See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=741360
42966 Add reference to umask(2) in discussion of /proc/PID/status 'Umask'
42968 Clarify user namespace requirements for /proc/sys/fs/protected_hardlinks
42970 Note changes to config option governing /proc/[pid]/task/[tid]/children
42972 Clarify description of /proc/PID/statm 'lib' and 'dt' fields
42973 These fields are always zero since Linux 2.6.
42974 Namhyung Kim [Petr Cermak]
42975 Add description of CLEAR_REFS_MM_HIWATER_RSS
42977 Update example VM values in /proc/PID/status
42981 Add note about nosuid to file capabilities section
42983 SEE ALSO: add proc(5)
42985 SEE ALSO: add setsid(2) and setpgid(2)
42988 Michael Kerrisk [Arnaud Gaillard]
42989 Clarify that syntactically incorrect patterns are left unchanged
42993 Clarify user namespace requirements for CAP_NET_RAW
42996 Michael Kerrisk [Patrick McLean]
43001 Clarify user namespace requirements for CAP_NET_RAW
43002 Also remove mention of UID 0 as a method or creating
43003 a raw socket. As far as I can tell from reading the
43004 kernel source (net/ipv4/af_inet.c), this is not true.
43008 SIOCSPGRP: refer to fcntl(2) F_SETOWN for correct permission rules
43009 The permission rules described for SIOCCPGRP are wrong. Rather
43010 than repeat the rules here, just refer the reader to fcntl(2),
43011 where the rules are described for F_SETOWN.
43014 Michael Kerrisk [Laurent Georget, Ivan Kharpalev]
43015 Remove mention of recvmsg() from discussion of EPIPE error
43016 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=137351
43020 Expand description of LD_DEBUG
43021 Provide a list of the categories, and note that multiple
43022 categories can be specified.
43024 Add glibc version for LD_USE_LOAD_BIAS
43026 Clarify text describing whether secure-mode programs preload libraries
43028 Remove discussion of environment variables understood by libc5
43029 libc5 disappeared long ago, so cease cluttering up this page
43030 with those ancient details. Thus, remove discussion of the
43031 following environment variables: LD_AOUT_LIBRARY_PATH,
43032 LD_AOUT_PRELOAD, LD_KEEPDIR, LD_NOWARN, and LDD_ARGV0.
43034 Remove text with ancient libc4 and Linux libc details
43036 Remove mention of "ELF only"
43037 Drawing a distinction between ELF-only features versus a,out
43038 ceased to be relevant long ago, so cluttering the page
43039 with "ELF-only" serves no purpose.