1 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.00 ====================
8 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9 been incorporated in changes in this release:
11 Alberto Bertogli <albertogli@telpin.com.ar>
12 Anand Kumria <wildfire@progsoc.org>
13 Andrey Kiselev <dron@ak4719.spb.edu>
14 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
15 Chris Green <cmg@dok.org>
16 Branden Robinson <branden@debian.org>
17 Emmanuel Colbus <emmanuel.colbus@ensimag.imag.fr>
18 Enrico Zini <enrico@debian.org>
19 Eric Estievenart <eric.estievenart@free.fr>
20 Fabian Kreutz <kreutz@dbs.uni-hannover.de>
21 Florian Weimer <fw@deneb.enyo.de>
22 Jan Kuznik <kuznik@gepro.cz>
23 Joey (Martin) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
24 Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.de>
25 John V. Belmonte <jbelmonte@debian.org>
26 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
27 Luis Javier Merino Morán <ljmerino@pandasoftware.es>
28 Martin Pool <mbp@sourcefrog.net>
29 Richard Kreckel <Richard.Kreckel@ginac.de>
30 Vasya Pupkin <ptushnik@gmail.com>
32 Apologies if I missed anyone!
39 Many math pages had their synopses compressed, as per suggestion
44 Many minor content and formatting bug fixes were made to the math
45 pages, following suggestions from Fabian Kreutz (who recently
46 translated many of the 1.70 math pages into German) and
51 For consistency, all instances of "super-user" were changed
52 to the more common "superuser".
56 After a note from Vasya Pupkin, I added <errno.h> to the SYNOPSIS
57 of several Section 2 pages using the _syscallN() macros.
60 -- erroneous semicolons at the end of _syscallN() were removed
63 -- types such as "uint" in syscallN() declarations were changed
64 to "unsigned int", etc.
66 -- various other minor breakages in the synopses were fixed.
68 The affected pages are:
82 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
85 Changes to individual pages
86 ---------------------------
90 Added 'const' to declaration of 'my_addr' in prototype.
91 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=239762.
95 Added O_NOATIME to list of flags that can be changed via F_SETFL.
97 Noted F_GETOWN bug after suggestion from aeb.
99 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=108380640603164&w=2
103 Material on getrusage.2 has been separated out into its own page.
104 Rewrote discussion on RLIMIT_MEMLOCK to incorporate kernel
106 Added note on RLIMIT_CPU error in older kernels.
107 Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING.
108 Also made a few other minor changes.
112 This page is new(ish) -- it was created by splitting
115 Repaired note on SIGCHLD behavior to note that the
116 POSIX non-conformance has been fixed in 2.6.9.
119 Modified after suggestion from Emmanuel Colbus
120 Changed wording of sentence under NOTES describing
121 when signals can be sent to init(1).
127 These have been consolidated into a single mlock.2 page.
128 In the process, much duplication was eliminated
129 and new information was added about RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
130 and the changes in memory locking in kernel 2.6.9,
134 Added cross-ref to setrlimit(2) concerning memory locking limits.
136 Note that MAP_FIXED replaces existing mappings
140 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
141 Added msqid_ds and ipc_perm structure definitions.
145 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
146 Added notes on /proc files.
150 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
151 Added notes on /proc files.
155 Added O_NOATIME (new in Linux 2.6.8)
157 Reordered list of 'flags' description alphabetically
160 2004-11-03 applied patch from Martin Schulze
164 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
166 Added semid_ds and ipc_perm structure definitions.
170 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
171 Added notes on /proc files.
172 Rewrote BUGS note about semget()'s failure to initialize
177 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
178 Added notes on /proc files.
182 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
183 Updated shmid_ds structure definitions.
184 Added information on SHM_DEST and SHM_LOCKED flags.
185 Noted that CAP_IPC_LOCK is not required for SHM_UNLOCK
187 Added notes on 2.6.9 RLIMIT_MEMLOCK changes.
188 Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING (new in Linux 2.6.8)
192 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
193 Added notes on /proc files.
197 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
198 Changed wording and placement of sentence regarding attachment
199 of segments marked for destruction.
203 Added mention of SIGCONT under SA_NOCLDSTOP.
205 Updated discussion for POSIX.1-2001 and SIGCHLD and sa_flags.
206 Noted that CLD_CONTINUED is supported since Linux 2.6.9.
207 Added SI_TKILL (new in Linux 2.4.19).
212 Removed text on ignoring SIGCHLD; replaced with pointer
216 After bug report from Andrey Kiselev
217 Fixed prototype: "timeout" --> "*timeout"
218 as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=222145
222 Added text to clarify that S_IS*() macros should be applied to
224 as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=249698
227 After Debian bug report from Anand Kumria
228 Added "no swap space signature" to EINVAL error.
230 Added EINVAL error for swapoff() ("not currently a swap area").
231 Added EBUSY error for swapon().
232 A few formatting fixes.
236 In Linux 2.6, the return value of times changed; it is no
237 longer time since boot, but rather:
239 boot_time + 2^32 / HZ - 300
241 Repaired note on SIGCHLD behavior to note that the
242 POSIX non-conformance has been fixed in 2.6.9.
243 Some formatting fixes.
246 After bug report from Johannes Berg
251 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=220741
256 Added WCONTINUED and WIFCONTINUED (new in 2.6.10).
257 Added text on SA_NOCLDSTOP.
258 Updated discussion of SA_NOCLDWAIT to reflect 2.6 behavior.
259 Much other text rewritten.
263 Rewrote this page, removing much duplicated information,
264 and replacing with pointers to wait.2.
265 Luis Javier Merino Morán / mtk
266 CONFORMING TO said "SVr4, POSIX". Changed to "4.3BSD"
273 After bug report from Branden Robinson
274 The assert() failure message goes to stderr not stdout.
275 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=284814
279 Noted that 0 in tm_mday is interpreted to mean the last day
280 of the preceding month.
283 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=229618
284 getnameinfo() does not set errno, it returns a non-zero
285 value indicating the error.
287 added EAI_OVERFLOW error
291 Minor changes to SEE ALSO and CONFORMING TO.
295 New page by Andries Brouwer
299 Change "NULL" to "empty" when talking about the value of TZ.
300 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=601
303 After bug report from Jan Kuznik
304 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=205736
305 Fixed bad realloc() use in snprintf() example
309 Added discussion of resolved_path == NULL.
312 After bug report from John V. Belmonte
313 Updated init and quit scripts to reflect kernel 2.4/2.6 reality
314 (Scripts taken from drivers/char/random.c)
315 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=247779
319 Updated description of /proc/loadavg to include
320 nr_running(), nr_threads, last_pid.
322 rtsig-max and rtsig-nr went away in 2.6.8
324 updated statm, and fixed error in order of list
327 applied patch from Martin Schulze
331 Added O_NOATIME for CAP_FOWNER
334 Karel Kulhavy and AEB
335 formatting fix after note from Karel Kulhavy and AEB, plus a
340 /proc/sys/kernel/rtsig-* were superseded by RLIMIT_SIGPENDING
345 Updated details of interaction of TCP_CORK and TCP_NODELAY.
347 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.01 ====================
354 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
355 been incorporated in changes in this release:
357 Carsten Hey <c.hey@web.de>
358 Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.de>
359 Joshua Kwan <joshk@triplehelix.org>
360 Marek Habersack <grendel@debian.org>
361 Martin Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
362 Matthew Dempsky <jivera@flame.org>
363 Matthew Gregan <kinetik@orcon.net.nz>
364 Pedro Zorzenon Neto <pzn@terra.com.br>
365 Tony Crawford <tony@klosterdorf.de>
367 Apologies if I missed anyone!
384 triggered by http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=283179
385 The wording describing how errno is set was fixed up in these pages.
387 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
390 Changes to individual pages
391 ---------------------------
395 Adjusted descriptions of argument file types to be closer to
397 Wording and formatting changes.
402 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=270817
403 Formulae on the pages should be T = S / C not T = C / S.
407 Removed errno declaration from prototype, added notes
408 on historical need for this declaration.
409 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=174175
412 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=224953
413 Changed erroneous "aio_return(2)" to "aio_return(3)".
421 Added description of ptsname_r().
426 New link to ptsname.3.
430 add <fcntl.h> to synopsis
431 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=271243
438 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=234443
442 Added _GNU_SOURCE to prototype
443 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=213538
447 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=276248
449 Changed range for "%S" from 0..61 to 0..60.
451 SUSv3 says 0..60. I think the manual page probably says
452 0..61, because that's what SUSv2 said.
453 (Some other implementations' man pages also say 0..61 --
454 e.g., Solaris 8 & 9, Tru64 5.1B; FreeBSD 5.1 says 0..60.)
456 The glibc manual currently says 0..60.
458 Given that SUSv3 says 0..60, I've changed the
459 manual page to also say this:
461 -The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 61).
462 +The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 60).
463 +(The range is up to 60 to allow for occasional leap seconds.)
467 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=226974
468 -.BR POSIX2_FORT_RUN " - " _SC_2_FORT_DEV
469 +.BR POSIX2_FORT_DEV " - " _SC_2_FORT_DEV
473 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=242638
474 Noted use of _XOPEN_SOURCE to get macros <sytdlib.h>
478 Changed name of argument from 'string' to 'command' (like POSIX).
480 Noted that glibc does nowadays explicitly check for the existence
481 of the shell if 'command' is NULL, rather than the older behavior
482 of assuming the shell exists and always returning 1 if
485 Other wording and formatting clean-ups.
488 Remove some functions names that *are* documented.
491 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.02 ====================
498 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
499 been incorporated in changes in this release:
501 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
502 Branden Robinson <branden@debian.org>
503 Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
504 David Lloyd <dmlloyd@tds.net>
505 Gordon Jin <gordon.jin@intel.com>
506 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.cs.tut.fi>
507 Jamie Lokier <jamie@shareable.org>
509 Kai Makisara <Kai.Makisara@kolumbus.fi>
510 Marko Kohtala <marko.kohtala@gmail.com>
511 Martin Pool <mbp@sourcefrog.net>
512 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
513 Matthias Lang <matthias@corelatus.se>
514 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
515 Michael Mühlebach <michael@anduin.ch>
516 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
517 Sasa Stevanovic <mg94c18@alas.matf.bg.ac.yu>
518 Serguei Leontiev <leo@sai.msu.ru>
520 Apologies if I missed anyone!
529 Martin (Joey) Schulze
530 Removed SEE ALSO reference to non-existent newctime(3).
531 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=236884
533 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
536 Changes to individual pages
537 ---------------------------
541 Noted the PID caching behavior of NPTL's getpid()
544 Added futex(2), set_thread_area(2), set_tid_address(2),
545 tkill(2) under SEE ALSO.
550 Improved various error descriptions.
553 David Lloyd / Mike Frysinger, Marko Kohtala
554 Added EINTR to errors.
558 Improved discussion of F_SETOWN and F_SETSIG with respect to
559 multi-threaded programs.
560 Generally cleaned up the discussion of F_SETOWN.
562 Updated CONFORMING TO to note that F_GETOWN and F_SETOWN are
567 Noted discrepancy between Linux and POSIX.1 when oldpath
569 See: http://bugs.linuxbase.org/show_bug.cgi?id=367
570 and: http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mailarchives/ag/msg08152.html
573 Clarified EXDEV error description: it isn't possible to link
574 across mount points, even if the mount points refer to the same
578 mtk, after note from Gordon Jin
582 As per message from Serguei Leontiev
583 Removed SVr2, AT&T, and BSD from CONFORMING TO, since
584 a pipe on those systems is actually bidirectional.
585 (Pipes are implemented as STREAMS on the former, and
586 sockets on the latter.)
590 Noted kernel version where posix_fadvise() appeared and
591 noted bug in handling of 'len' in kernels < 2.6.6.
595 Clarified EXDEV error description: it isn't possible to rename
596 a file across mount points, even if the mount points refer to
597 the same file system.
601 Noted kernel version numbers for semtimedop().
605 Noted MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES ceiling.
606 Added note about treatment of out-of-range tv_usec values.
609 Johan Walles, Martin (Joey) Schulze
610 Added sigqueue.2 to SEE ALSO.
614 Added notes on non-standard behavior: Linux allows 'buf' to
615 be NULL, but POSIX.1 doesn't specify this and it's non-portable.
619 Improved DESCRIPTION; clarified distinction between
624 bcopy() handles overlapping case, but memcpy() does not,
625 so for consistency memmove() should be also mentioned.
628 Martin (Joey) Schulze
629 New link to man3/getmntent.3.
632 Small wording change after suggestion from Sasa Stevanovic.
636 Created as link to strstr.3.
640 Noted that SUSv2 allowed a range of 00 to 61 for %S specifier.
644 Added description of strcasestr().
648 Improved description of read from /dev/urandom.
658 Mention the .URL macro more verbosely.
661 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.03 ====================
668 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
669 been incorporated in changes in this release:
671 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
672 Joey (Martin) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
673 Johannes Nicolai <johannes.nicolai@hpi.uni-potsdam.de>
674 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
675 Klaus Ethgen <Klaus@Ethgen.de>
676 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
677 Ross Boylan <RossBoylan@stanfordalumni.org>
678 Vincent Fourmond <vincent.fourmond@9online.fr>
680 Apologies if I missed anyone!
691 Change `ttys(4)' to `ttyS(4)'.
693 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
696 Changes to individual pages
697 ---------------------------
701 Substantially enhanced discussion of CLONE_THREAD.
703 Added CLONE_SYSVSEM, CLONE_UNTRACED, CLONE_STOPPED.
709 Noted effect of ptracing when execing a set-UID program.
712 Johannes Nicolai / mtk
713 Noted F_SETOWN bug for socket file descriptor in Linux 2.4
716 Added text on permissions required to send signal to owner.
720 Noted that lock conversions are not atomic.
724 ru_nswap has never contained useful information.
725 Kernel 2.6.6 clarified that with a patch
726 ("[PATCH] eliminate nswap and cnswap"). See also:
727 http://www.ussg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0404.1/0720.html
731 Clarified wording of the 'pid == -1' case.
735 Added MNT_EXPIRE, plus a few other tidy-ups.
739 Added text to note that sched_setaffinity() will migrate the
740 affected process to one of the specified CPUs if necessary.
742 Added a NOTE to point out that the affinity mask is actually a
743 per-thread attribute that can be adjusted independently for
744 each thread in a thread group.
748 Noted aberrant Linux behavior with respect to new attaches to a
749 segment that has already been marked for deletion.
751 Noted changes in permissions required for SHM_LOCK/SHM_UNLOCK.
755 Noted that the __W* flags can't be used with waitid().
759 Added _CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION and _CS_GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION.
762 Ross Boylan / Martin Schulze
763 various changes as per
764 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=304242
768 Minor changes to discussion of /proc/PID/stat signal fields.
769 Added 'rt_priority' and 'policy' to /proc/PID/stat.
773 1,$s/inherited/inheritable/g
776 Vincent Fourmond / Joey (Martin) Schulze
777 Removed discussion of `[[:<:]]' and `[[:>:]]' since they do
778 not seem to be in the glibc implementation.
779 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=295666
782 Joey (Martin) Schulze / Klaus Ethgen
783 The default zoneinfo directory is now /usr/share/zoneinfo.
784 (was: /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo)
785 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=267471
788 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.04 ====================
795 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
796 been incorporated in changes in this release:
798 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
799 Baurjan Ismagulov <ibr@ata.cs.hun.edu.tr>
800 Dave Love <d.love@dl.ac.uk>
801 Dieter Brueggemann <dieter.brueggemann@entitec.de>
802 Geoff Clare <gclare@gclare.org.uk>
803 Guido Trotter <ultrotter@debian.org>
804 kabloom <kabloom@ucdavis.edu>
805 Kevin Ryde <user42@zip.com.au>
806 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
807 Mike Furr <mfurr@debian.org>
808 Olivier Croquette <ocroquette@free.fr>
809 Olivier Guilyardi <ylf@xung.org>
810 Peter Cordes <peter@llama.nslug.ns.ca>
811 Philipp Spitzer <philipp@toastfreeware.priv.at>
812 Tanaka Akira <akr@m17n.org>
813 Thierry Excoffier <exco@bat710.univ-lyon1.fr>
814 Thomas Hood <jdthood@yahoo.co.uk>
815 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.org>
816 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
818 Apologies if I missed anyone!
825 For consistency across pages:
827 1,$s/nonzero/non-zero/g
829 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
838 An overview of the Linux implementations of POSIX threads.
841 Changes to individual pages
842 ---------------------------
846 Various minor changes.
850 BUGS: In kernels < 2.6.9, EPOLL_CTL_DEL required a non-NULL
851 'event', even though this argument is ignored.
852 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306517
856 Clarified semantics of relationship between flock() locks
857 and open file entries and file descriptors.
858 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=291121
861 Olivier Croquette, Thierry Excoffier
862 Noted the existence of the short sleep bug (up to 1 jiffy).
866 RLIMIT_RSS only has affect "in 2.4.x", not "in 2.4 and later".
870 Since Linux 2.6, the ru_nvcsw and ru_nivcsw fields are used.
874 Rewrote description of return value.
875 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=296183
879 O_DIRECT needs _GNU_SOURCE.
881 O_ASYNC works for pipes and FIFOs in Linux 2.6.
886 Various minor changes.
890 Various minor changes.
893 mtk / Philipp Spitzer
894 Fix description of return value.
895 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=308359
899 Changed (char *) to (void *) in example.
900 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=313607
904 Make log(3) SEE ALSO log1p(3),
905 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=309578
909 Fix description of RETURN VALUE for makecontext(),
910 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=311800
914 Various minor changes.
918 Small fix to a code example,
919 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=194842
923 When specifying resolved_path as NULL, realpath()
924 will (still) only allocate up to PATH_MAX bytes.
925 Plus other minor changes.
926 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=239424
930 The required header file for these functions on Linux is <netdb.h>,
931 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=311680
935 Arg for %p is a pointer to _a pointer to_ void,
936 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=263109
940 freopen() can change the descriptors associated with
941 stdin/stdout/stderr, as per
942 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=295859
946 strerror_r(3) requires #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600,
947 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=290880
951 Fix typo: "_SC_2_DEV" should be "_SC_2_C_DEV".
955 Added pointers under /proc/sys/net to tcp.7 and ip.7.
959 Various wording and formatting fixes.
960 Reordered /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_* file descriptions alphabetically.
963 Dieter Brueggemann / mtk
964 Fixes to the discussion of SIOCATMARK and tcp_stdurg.
966 Various wording and formatting fixes.
967 Incorporated some new /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_* file descriptions
968 from the 2.6.12 source file Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt.
971 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.05 ====================
978 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
979 been incorporated in changes in this release:
981 A Costa <agcosta@gis.net>
982 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
983 Bas Zoetekouw <bas@debian.org>
984 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
985 Delian Krustev <krustev@krustev.net>
986 Dora Anna Volgyesi <volgyesi@elte.hu>
987 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
988 Ove Kaaven <ovek@arcticnet.no>
990 Apologies if I missed anyone!
995 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
996 places. (Special thanks to A Costa.)
999 Changes to individual pages
1000 ---------------------------
1004 Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination
1009 Clarified what type of lock close() affects.
1010 Minor formatting changes.
1014 Consistent use of terms "open file description",
1015 "file status flags", and "file descriptor flags".
1016 Removed mention of lock sharing -- it was not accurate.
1017 Minor formatting fixes.
1021 Consistent use of terms "open file description",
1022 "file status flags", and "file descriptor flags".
1023 Some rewriting of discussion of file descriptor flags
1024 Under F_DUPFD, replaced some text duplicated in dup.2
1025 with a cross ref to dup.2
1026 Minor wording and formatting fixes.
1029 mtk / Martin (Joey) Schulze / Bas Zoetekouw
1030 The return value of isinf() changed in glibc 2.02
1031 to differentiate positive and negative infinity.
1032 See: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=285765
1037 Remove confusing text describing real and effective IDs.
1038 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=285852
1042 The short sleep bug (up to 1 jiffy) that was newly noted in
1043 man-pages-2.04 has just been fixed in 2.6.12.
1047 Changed range documented in main text from -20..20 to -20..19.
1048 Noted that the range is -20..20 on some systems.
1052 Clarification of term "open file description" along with
1053 explanation of what information it maintains.
1054 Other wording improvements.
1055 Various minor wording changes.
1059 Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination
1062 Noted use of atexit() for establishing function to be invoked on
1063 shared library unload.
1064 Noted that atexit()-registered functions are not invoked on
1065 abnormal termination.
1070 Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination
1073 Minor rewording and formatting changes.
1077 Added #define _BSD_SOURCE to prototype.
1080 Martin (Joey) Schulze
1085 Added definition of Linux dirent structure.
1086 Some formatting cleanups.
1089 Dora Anna Volgyesi / mtk
1090 strtold() and strtof() need _ISOC99_SOURCE or _XOPEN_SOURCE=600
1091 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=246668
1095 New link to tsearch.3.
1099 Added tdestroy to .TH line.
1103 Change "chown root:mem /dev/mem" to "chown root:kmem /dev/mem".
1107 Change "chown root:mem /dev/null /dev/zero" to
1108 "chown root:root /dev/null /dev/zero".
1111 Dan Jacobson / Martin (Joey) Schulze
1112 Replaced "selection(1)" by "gpm(8)" under SEE ALSO
1113 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=253515
1117 SA_SIGACTION should be SA_SIGINFO
1118 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=305369
1125 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.06 ====================
1127 Released: 2005-07-15
1132 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1133 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1135 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
1136 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1137 Bhavesh P Davda <bhavesh@avaya.com>
1138 Clau Weber <claus@jambit.com>
1139 Dov Murik <dov@dv-networks.com>
1140 David Lloyd <dlloyd@microbits.com.au>
1141 Frederik Deweerdt <frederik.deweerdt@gmail.com>
1142 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
1143 Lars Wirzenius <liw@iki.fi>
1144 Martin Pool <mbp@sourcefrog.net>
1145 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
1146 Petter Reinholdtsen <pere@hungry.com>
1147 Steven Murdoch <Steven.Murdoch@cl.cam.ac.uk>
1148 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
1150 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1155 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1158 Many uses of hyphens and dashes were corrected.
1164 canonicalize_file_name.3
1172 AFAIK, this system call has never actually done anything (other
1173 than be a stub) on any Unix.
1175 Changes to individual pages
1176 ---------------------------
1180 Various wording and formatting fixes.
1184 Minor formatting changes
1188 Various minor wording improvements; some formatting fixes
1192 Various wording and formatting fixes.
1196 s/positive/non-negative/ [for file descriptor]
1200 Documented RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE limit.
1201 RLIMIT_RSS ceased to have any effect in 2.4 in kernel 2.4.30.
1202 (It already didn't have any effect in 2.2.x and 2.6.x.)
1203 s/MADVISE_WILLNEED/MADV_WILLNEED/
1207 Removed historic comment on BSD backlog ceiling.
1208 Minor wording and formatting changes.
1212 Added BUG: in some circumstances, a process that is
1213 waiting for a semaphore to become zero is not not woken
1214 up when the value does actually reach zero.
1215 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=110260821123863&w=2
1216 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=110261701025794&w=2
1220 Various minor wording improvements
1224 Added mkdir(2) to discussion, made term "file mode creation
1226 Various, mostly small, wording changes
1230 Change description for ESTALE
1231 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=237344
1237 Added SEE ALSO putgrent(3)
1238 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=211336
1244 Lars Wirzenius / mtk
1245 Replace mention of /etc/{passwd,group} by references to
1246 "passwd/group database", and LDAP and NIS.
1247 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316117
1249 Miscellaneous wording improvements
1250 Consistent DESCRIPTION and ERRORS wording across these pages.
1254 Relocate misplaced text describing gai_strerror().
1258 s/endservent/endnetent/
1259 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316517
1262 Lars Wirzenius / mtk
1263 Replace mention of /etc/shadow by references to
1264 "shadow password database", and LDAP and NIS.
1265 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316117
1267 Miscellaneous wording improvements
1268 Consistent DESCRIPTION wording vis-a-vis getpwnam.3 etc.
1272 Fix hsearch_r() prototype
1276 Fix description of RETURN VALUE
1277 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=317037
1279 various parts substantially rewritten; added description of
1280 %n$ form; various text incorporated from the GNU C library
1281 documentation ((C) The Free Software Foundation).
1285 Modified details of how user and group ownership of a new
1287 Various minor wording and formatting cleanups.
1291 tweaked the short description to include definition of 'ELF'
1292 add ELFOSABI_NONE to the ELFOSABI_ list
1293 tweak/add more machines to EM_ list for ehdr->e_machine
1294 fix indenting to be consistent
1295 tweak the display of the ELF_ST_* macros
1296 document the Elf_Dyn structure
1300 Updated discussion of /proc/stat.
1301 Added text on the /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/* files.
1305 Change protocol in UDP prototype.
1306 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=182635
1310 The first sentence under NOTES about SO_KEEPALIVE and SIGPIPE
1311 makes no grammatical sense (and possibly also no technical sense).
1312 It has been removed.
1315 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.07 ====================
1317 Released: 2005-07-19
1322 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1323 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1325 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1326 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
1328 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1335 The terms "set-user-ID" and "set-group-ID" are now used
1336 consistently (no abbreviations) across all manual pages.
1340 Consistent use of "saved set-user-ID" and "saved set-group-ID"
1341 (no more "saved user ID", "saved effective UID",
1342 saved group ID", etc.)
1346 Global fixes in textual descriptions:
1355 Consistent use of st_atime, st_ctime, st_mtime, with
1356 explanatory text, instead of atime/ctime/mtime.
1360 Classical BSD versions are now always named x.yBSD (formerly
1361 there was a mix of x.yBSD and BSD x.y).
1363 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1367 Changes to individual pages
1368 ---------------------------
1376 Improve description of st_dev and st_rdev.
1378 Various wording and formatting improvements.
1382 Some formatting fixes
1385 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.08 ====================
1387 Released: 2005-09-21
1392 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1393 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1395 Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
1396 Alain PORTAL <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
1397 Andrew Pimlott <andrew@pimlott.net>
1398 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1399 Baurzhan Ismagulov <ibr@radix50.net>
1400 Bernhard R. Link <brlink@debian.org>
1401 Bodo Stroesser <bstroesser@fujitsu-siemens.com>
1402 David N. Welton <davidw@eidetix.com>
1403 Dov Murik <dov@dv-networks.com>
1404 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.cs.tut.fi>
1405 Hasso Tepper <hasso@estpak.ee>
1406 Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>
1407 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
1408 Ludovic Courtes <ludovic.courtes@laas.fr>
1409 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
1410 Nicolas Francois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
1411 Norbert Buchmuller <norbi.spam@nix.hu>
1412 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
1413 Ramiro Aceves <ea1abz@gmail.com>
1414 Tommy Pettersson <ptp@lysator.liu.se>
1415 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
1417 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1424 RFC references are now always written as "RFC\ nnn"
1425 (not "RFC nnn" or "RFCnnn").
1427 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1431 Changes to individual pages
1432 ---------------------------
1436 To get an effect like "-h", BLOCKSIZE must start with "human",
1441 s/standard output/standard error/
1445 Fix small error in description of CLONE_PARENT_SETTID
1450 See http://lkml.org/lkml/2005/7/12/254
1454 Expanded discussion of relationship between user and kernel
1455 representations of the nice value.
1457 Added discussion of RLIMIT_NICE and a cross reference to
1458 getrlimit.2 under the description of the EACCES error.
1460 Noted 2.6.12 change in credentials checking for setpriority().
1464 Added description of RLIMIT_RTPRIO
1466 Added description of RLIMIT_NICE
1470 Noted bug in MAP_POPULATE for kernels before 2.6.7.
1474 Added _GNU_SOURCE to prototype.
1475 Rewrote description of MREMAP_MAYMOVE.
1476 Rewrote description of EAGAIN error.
1477 Added discussion of resizing of memory locks.
1478 Added entries to SEE ALSO.
1479 Some formatting fixes.
1483 Added IPC_INFO, MSG_INFO, MSG_STAT descriptions.
1487 Add to prototype: define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 199309
1488 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=314435
1492 Added sentence noting that range of the nice value is described
1494 Added cross-reference to setrlimit(2) for discussion on
1498 David N. Welton / Justin Pryzby / mtk
1499 Clarified the order of value and port arguments;
1500 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=263756
1504 Added SEE ALSO for sigsuspend.2
1505 Some formatting fixes.
1509 nfds should be prototyped as nfds_t
1510 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=322934
1513 Some wording and formatting improvements.
1517 Since kernel 2.6.13 PR_SET_DUMPABLE can also have the value 2.
1521 Remove misleading text describing FreeBSD's sranddev() function.
1522 As per debian bug 328629
1526 Added LINUX NOTES on trickery performed by glibc when
1527 vector size exceeds IOV_MAX.
1529 Formatting clean-ups.
1533 Added text to note that start and size are both rounded downwards.
1537 Modified discussion of privileges; added pointer to
1538 sched_setscheduler.2 for a discussion of privileges and
1541 sched_setscheduler.2
1543 Modified discussion of privileges; added discussion of RLIMIT_RTPRIO.
1547 Added IPC_INFO, SEM_INFO, SEM_STAT descriptions.
1551 Added IPC_INFO, SHM_INFO, SHM_STAT descriptions.
1555 Split sigpending(), sigprocmask(), and sigsuspend() out
1556 into separate new pages.
1561 NOTES: described SA_NODEFER / sa_mask bug which was present in
1562 all kernels up to and including 2.6.13.
1563 See http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112360948603171&w=2
1564 and http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112362164911432&w=2
1566 Subject: Signal handling possibly wrong
1567 From: Bodo Stroesser
1568 Date: 2005-08-09 17:44:06
1572 Updated SEE ALSO to reflect splitting of sigaction.2 into
1573 sigaction.2, sigsuspend.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2
1577 New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2
1578 Changed CONFORMING TO.
1582 New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2
1583 Added text on effect of NULL for 'set' argument.
1584 Added text noting effect of ignoring SIGBUS, SIGFPE, SIGILL,
1586 Noted that sigprocmask() can't be used in multithreaded process.
1587 Fixed EINVAL error diagnostic.
1588 Changed CONFORMING TO.
1592 New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2
1593 Added NOTES on usage.
1594 Added new text to DESCRIPTION.
1595 Changed CONFORMING TO.
1599 Improve st_blocks description.
1604 One has carg(z) = atan(creal(z) / cimag(z))
1606 One has tan(carg(z)) = cimag(z) / creal(z)
1608 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=326720
1612 s/SOL_TCP/IPPROTO_TCP/ (POSIX standard name)
1616 s/-nostartupfiles/-nostartfiles/
1620 Nowadays (since 2.3.4) glibc only sets the first ai_canonname
1621 field if AI_CANONNAME was specified (the current behavior
1622 is all that SUSv3 requires).
1626 Added descriptions of AI_ALL, AI_ADDRCONFIG, AI_V4MAPPED,
1629 Some wording and formatting fixes.
1632 Bernhard R. Link / mtk
1633 Add NOTES text describing relationship of pw_dir and HOME and
1634 pointing out that applications should preferentially inspect HOME.
1638 Mention "little endian" and "big endian".
1639 Added note about octal and hex interpretation of
1640 numbers-and-dots notation.
1643 mtk / Ludovic Courtes
1644 Commented out references to rpc_secure(3) -- we don't currently
1645 have such a page in the man-pages set.
1646 In response to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=325115
1650 glibc 2.3.4 fixed the "name contains '='" bug.
1654 Added "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to prototype.
1657 Norbert Buchmuller / mtk
1658 Added text noting that the use or real-root-dev for changing
1659 the root device is obsolete, in favor of pivot root.
1660 (However, the page still needs to be rewritten to actually
1661 describe the pivot_root method...)
1662 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=323621
1666 Improve text describing /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/* files.
1668 Describe /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable (new in 2.6.13).
1670 Added placeholder mention of /proc/zoneinfo (new in 2.6.13).
1671 More needs to be said about this file.
1673 Repaired earlier cut and paste mistake which resulted
1674 in part of the text of this page being duplicated.
1678 Added text on biarch details for ut_session and ut_tv.
1682 Added CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL and CAP_AUDIT_WRITE.
1685 mtk / Andrew Pimlott
1686 Add a couple of words to make it clear that port is a 16-bit number.
1687 Reformat long source lines (no text changed).
1689 s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name)
1692 Fix discussion of IPC_RECVTTL / IP_TTL.
1696 Updated SEE ALSO to reflect splitting of sigaction.2 into
1697 sigaction.2, sigsuspend.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2.
1701 Clarified details of use of SO_PEERCRED.
1705 s/SOL_TCP/IPPROTO_TCP/ (POSIX standard name)
1706 s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name)
1710 Added description of UDP_CORK socket option.
1712 s/SOL_UDP/IPPROTO_UDP/ (POSIX standard name)
1713 s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name)
1716 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.09 ====================
1718 Released: 2005-10-13
1723 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1724 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1726 Justin Pryzby <pryzbyj@justinpryzby.com>
1727 Peter Chubb <peterc@gelato.unsw.edu.au>
1728 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
1729 Tomas Pospisek <tpo_deb@sourcepole.ch>
1730 Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
1732 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1746 Added SEE ALSO for new pty.7 page.
1748 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1757 Overview of Unix 98 and BSD pseudo-terminals.
1760 Changes to individual pages
1761 ---------------------------
1765 Remove "-V" option (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1768 Peter Chubb / Trond Myklebust / mtk
1769 Since kernel 2.6.10, a read lease can only be placed on a
1770 file descriptor that is opened read-only.
1771 See the following LKML thread of Aug 2005
1772 ("fcntl(F GETLEASE) semantics??"):
1773 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112371777712197&w=2
1774 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112374818213000&w=2
1775 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112376335305284&w=2
1776 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112377294030092&w=2
1780 Add new text to ENOMEM error.
1784 Added description of MREMAP_FIXED and 'new_address' argument
1786 Revised text of EINVAL error.
1789 Samuel Thibault / mtk
1790 read() can fail with EINVAL when using O_DIRECT
1792 Added open(2) to SEE ALSO.
1796 s/int/size_t/ for type of 'size' argument (fix from
1797 Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1800 Samuel Thibault / mtk
1801 write() can fail with EINVAL when using O_DIRECT
1805 Fix: s/acosh/atanh/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1809 Improved "a+" description (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1813 s/getrpcent/setrpcent/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1817 Removed references to fropen() and fwopen(), which are
1818 BSDisms that don't appear in glibc.
1819 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=331174
1823 Typo fix: %Ry ==> %Ey [SUSv3 mentions...] (fix from
1824 Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1828 s/network/networks/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1832 Added description of /proc/sys/vm/legacy_va_layout.
1836 Update description of SO_RCVLOWAT and SO_SNDLOWAT.
1837 (fix derived from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1840 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.10 ====================
1842 Released: 2005-10-19
1847 The changes in this release consist *solely* of formatting fixes, with
1848 the aim bringing greater consistency to the manual pages according to
1849 the following rules:
1851 -- Function name references should *always* be followed by
1852 parentheses, "()" (possibly containing a manual page section
1855 -- The parentheses following a function name should *not* be
1856 formatted. Thus, for example, instead of:
1864 Much of the change was automated using two scripts:
1865 add_parens_for_own_funcs.sh and unformat_parens.sh.
1866 For the (possible) benefit of downstream manual page maintainers and
1867 translators, I have placed these scripts in a new subdirectory 'scripts'.
1869 NOTE THE FOLLOWING POINTS WELL:
1871 -- These scripts provide a computer-assisted solution to the above
1872 two goals. However, they are not perfect, and their output should
1873 be scanned by a human. (To see what changes the two scripts
1874 *would* make, without making them, use the "-n" command line option.)
1876 -- The scripts do not fix all instances that violate the above rules:
1877 some manual fixes are required. Two further scripts are provided
1878 to help find remaining instances of function names without
1879 following "()": find_dots_no_parens.sh and find_slashes_no_parens.sh.
1881 The following changes were made:
1883 -- add_parens_for_own_funcs.sh was applied to the pages in Sections
1886 -- unformat_parens.sh was applied to pages in Sections 2, 3, 4, and 7
1887 (the only sections where such changes were required).
1889 -- further changes (not so very many) were performed by hand.
1890 (found places to fix with the assistance of find_dots_no_parens.sh
1891 and find_slashes_no_parens.sh).
1894 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.11 ====================
1896 Released: 2005-10-24
1901 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1902 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1904 Alain PORTAL <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
1906 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1913 Most instances of the constant "NULL" are not formatted (bolded) in
1914 man pages, but a few are. For consistency, formatting on "NULL" has
1915 been removed where it occurred.
1917 Many minor formatting fixes were made.
1919 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1923 Changes to individual pages
1924 ---------------------------
1928 Added EINVAL error for rlim_cur > rlim_max when calling setrlimit().
1932 Repaired discussion of capabilities and file system UID, which
1933 mistakenly had involved exec() in the discussion.
1937 Removed text saying there is no library interface. There
1942 Minor change to RETURN VALUE text.
1953 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.12 ====================
1955 Released: 2005-10-31
1960 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1961 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1963 Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
1964 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1965 Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx>
1966 herbert <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
1967 Martin Landers <martin.landers@treibgut.net>
1968 Michael Benedict <benedict@starbak.net>
1970 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1975 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1979 Changes to individual pages
1980 ---------------------------
1984 Reworded text around PAGESIZE, noting also that
1985 sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE) can be used.
1989 Removed words "as well" (added in 2.11) from the phrase
1990 "and it gets these last five capabilities if its fsuid is 0 as well"
1991 since there are (unusual) situations in which fsuid can be 0 while
1992 the effective UID is not.
1994 Reworked (cut down) discussion of capabilities, moving part of
1995 it into capabilities.7
1999 Add text to note that setresuid() always modifies the file
2000 system UID, and setresgid() likewise always modifies the file
2005 Added (brief) description of SHM_HUGETLB.
2008 mtk / Martin Landers
2009 Noted that ss_sp is automatically aligned by the kernel.
2012 Brian M. Carlson / herbert
2013 Change <netinet/in.h> to <arpa/inet.h> in prototype; add text
2014 explaining that some systems need the former header.
2015 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=265244
2019 Reworked part of the discussion of exec() and capabilities.
2020 Added sub-section "Effect of User ID Changes on Capabilities".
2021 Reworked discussion of CAP_SYS_ADMIN and file-max.
2024 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.13 ====================
2026 Released: 2005-11-03
2028 This release consists entirely of formatting and typographical fixes.
2033 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2038 Function and page cross references that were italicized were
2039 made bold (which is how the majority of function and page
2040 cross references were already done).
2044 Instances of things like "NULL-terminated string" were changed to
2045 "null-terminated string".
2049 Pathnames, structures, arguments, and <header-files> that were
2050 bold were changed to italics.
2054 Instances of the constant "NULL" that were bold-faced were made
2055 unformatted (which is how most instances of "NULL" were already
2059 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.14 ====================
2061 Released: 2005-11-17
2066 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2067 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2069 Angelo <ang3l0@katamail.com>
2070 Avery Pennarun <apenwarr@nit.ca>
2071 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
2072 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
2073 Stefan Brüns <stefan.bruens@rwth-aachen.de>
2074 Volker Reichelt <reichelt@igpm.rwth-aachen.de>
2076 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2081 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2089 This page is taken as is from the FreeBSD 5.4 distribution.
2090 (Not checked against Linux reality, but likely things are
2092 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=336875
2094 Changes to individual pages
2095 ---------------------------
2099 Updated discussion about lack of prototype in glibc.
2103 Improved description of E2BIG error: it relates to the sum
2104 of the bytes in both environment and argument list.
2108 Clarified parts of the discussion of file leases,
2109 noting effect of open(O_NONBLOCK), interruption
2110 by signal handler, or termination by signal in
2111 lease breaker. In response to
2112 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=339037
2116 Added LINUX NOTES describing nanosecond timestamps.
2119 Volker Reichelt / mtk
2120 Fixed to point out that that frexp() returns a number whose
2121 *absolute* value is >= 0.5 and < 1. Amended the example
2122 program to demonstrate this.
2125 mtk / Avery Pennarun
2126 Add EWOULDBLOCK error for file leases.
2128 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=339037
2132 Although the glibc implementation returns -1 on error (and some
2133 other man pages (e.g., the BSDs) also document that value for
2134 error returns), SUSv3 merely says "non-zero" (and this is
2135 what manual pages on many implementations also say).
2139 Formerly, the page said that all systems declare memalign() in
2140 <malloc.h>. In fact, many declare it in <stdlib.h>.
2144 Almost a complete rewrite after Angelo pointed out
2145 that the existing page was deficient.
2149 Remove SEE ALSO for non-existent scsi.4.
2153 Updated discussion of /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max.
2157 Added pthreads.7 to SEE ALSO.
2161 Fix typo: s/LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT/LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT/
2164 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.15 ====================
2166 Released: 2005-11-30
2171 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2172 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2174 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2175 James Vega <jamessan@debian.org>
2176 Malcolm Scott <mas90@io.malc.org.uk>
2177 Senthil Kumar <senthilkumar_sen@hotpop.com>
2179 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2184 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2190 sigvec.3 -- for details, see below.
2192 sigset.3 -- for details, see below.
2194 Changes to individual pages
2195 ---------------------------
2199 Added text describing the 2.6.[0-7] EPERM bug that occurred
2200 when sending signals to a process group.
2204 Noted that si_signo is unused on Linux.
2208 Added BUGS noting wrapper function problem that existed
2209 in glibc versions <= 2.2.1.
2213 Moved to section 3; see also sigpause.3 below.
2217 Added a GLIBC NOTES section describing sigisemptyset(),
2218 sigandset(), and sigorset().
2223 These pages have been deleted, and replaced by a new sigvec.3
2224 man page that more fully describes the BSD signal API.
2230 These links to the now-deleted sigblock.2 have been also been
2231 deleted. They are replaced by corresponding links in Section 3:
2232 sigmask.3, sigsetmask.3, siggetmask.3.
2236 This new page is provides a fuller description of the
2237 BSD signal API than was provided in the now-deleted sigvec.2
2245 Created as links to sigvec.3.
2249 Moved here from Section 2.
2251 Some minor wording fixes; clarified System V origins of
2252 X/Open flavor of this function.
2256 New page describing the System V signal API: sigset(), sighold(),
2257 sigrelse(), sigignore().
2261 Add further text clarifying that %+ specifier is not supported in
2264 Added GLIBC NOTES section describing optional 'flag' and 'width'
2265 components of conversion specifiers.
2266 Some wording changes to bring terminology closer to SUSv3.
2267 Added an example program.
2271 Add as new linik to vm86.2.
2275 Added a few words to reflect the fact that several of the section
2276 7 pages provide overviews of various topics.
2280 Added some SEE ALSO entries.
2284 Added text noting that select()/poll() do not respect SO_RCVLOWAT.
2288 s/tcp_socket/udp_socket/ in example
2289 Fixes http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=340927
2292 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.16 ====================
2294 Released: 2005-12-02
2299 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2300 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2302 Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
2303 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2304 Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
2306 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2311 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2315 Changes to individual pages
2316 ---------------------------
2320 Added instructions for finding maintainer in Debian package.
2324 Added NOTES about INFTIM constant provided on some other
2329 The -1 error return of shmat() should be cast "(void *)".
2333 Remove junk text (actually intended as source code comment
2338 Fix a typo: s/SOCK_RAW/SOCK_PACKET/
2342 Clarification: s%SOCK_PACKET%PF_INET/SOCK_PACKET%
2345 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.17 ====================
2347 Released: 2005-12-13
2352 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2353 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2355 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
2356 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
2357 Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
2358 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
2360 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2366 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2375 New documentation for the glibc-specific fmemopen() and
2376 open_memstream(). Based on glibc info page.
2379 mtk (with prompting and suggestions for improvements by
2381 New page providing overview of pipes and FIFOs.
2384 Changes to individual pages
2385 ---------------------------
2389 Added notes on how to write example programs for manual pages.
2393 Added pointers to examples of fork() in wait.2 and pipe.2.
2397 Added an example program.
2398 Added SEE ALSO for new pipe.7 page.
2402 Added example program demonstrating use of fork() and waitpid().
2406 Delete line that should have been deleted when applying
2407 2.08 fix for this page.
2411 Rearranged EAI_* list alphabetically.
2415 Added GLIBC NOTES describing feature test macros required
2416 to expose declaration of inet_aton().
2420 New link to new fmemopen.3.
2424 Added SEE ALSO for new pipe.7 page.
2428 Removed BROWSER, since it seems not in fact to be common.
2432 Added documentation of SO_TIMESTAMP.
2436 Noted 200 millisecond ceiling imposed on TCP_CORK.
2440 Rearranged options into something approximating alphabetical order.
2443 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.18 ====================
2445 Released: 2005-12-15
2450 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2451 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2453 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sf.net>
2454 Karsten Sperling <karsten.sperling@stud.uni-karlsruhe.de>
2455 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
2456 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
2457 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2459 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2465 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2469 Changes to individual pages
2470 ---------------------------
2474 Added mention of AF_INET6 address family.
2475 Added discussion of sockaddr structure and an example in the
2480 Put 'flags' list in alphabetical order.
2484 Added cross-reference from discussion of MSG_MORE to UDP_CORK
2487 Put 'flags' list in alphabetical order.
2491 Added CONFORMING TO section noting that these are
2492 non-standard BSDisms.
2496 Added SEE ALSO for err.3.
2497 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867
2500 Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk
2501 Added references to nsswitch.conf(5); remove cross references
2503 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=308397
2507 Added SEE ALSO for err.3 .
2508 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867
2511 mtk / Martin (Joey) Schulze
2512 Remove cross references to resolv+(8); add cross references to
2514 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=214892
2516 Added SEE ALSO entry for resolver(5);
2517 see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=251122
2521 Rewrote and extended the discussion of the two flavors of
2522 strerror_r(), and added some additional information on
2525 Added SEE ALSO for err.3, as per
2526 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867
2531 Fix three typos in identifier names.
2535 The + operator should be in the list of unary operators.
2539 Small wording changes around discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT.
2540 Fixed a couple of wording errors elsewhere.
2541 Reformatted some long lines.
2544 mtk, after a note by Stefan Puiu
2545 Updated discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT.
2547 Reformatted some long lines.
2549 Noted the Linux-specific feature whereby setsockopt() doubles
2550 the value given for SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF.
2552 Noted kernel-imposed minimum values for SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF.
2555 mtk, after a note by Stefan Puiu
2556 Updated discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT.
2560 Added new (UN)SUPPORTED FEATURES section in which it is noted
2561 that Unix domain sockets do not support MSG_OOB or MSG_MORE.
2563 Noted details of SO_SNBUF and SO_RCVBUF support for
2564 Unix domain sockets.
2567 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.19 ====================
2569 Released: 2005-12-23
2574 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2575 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2577 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2578 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
2579 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2581 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2587 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2591 Changes to individual pages
2592 ---------------------------
2600 Remove text under EINVAL error: "This may change in the future:
2601 see linux/unix/sock.c for details." This behavior has been
2602 unchanged for a long time, and seems unlikely to change.
2604 Add EADDRINUSE to errors.
2608 Add cmsg(3) to SEE ALSO.
2612 Added description of 'x' mode character (exclusive open).
2616 Some wording changes to description of pipes.
2619 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.20 ====================
2621 Released: 2006-01-03
2626 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2630 Changes to individual pages
2631 ---------------------------
2635 Added some text to explain the usual scenario in which
2636 sigaltstack() is employed.
2640 Noted that this function is available since glibc 2.2.
2648 Noted that capability bounding set appeared with kernel 2.2.11.
2663 The only changes to these pages have been for formatting:
2664 -- Structure definitions were changed to K&R style
2665 -- Some long source lines were broken to fit into ~70
2667 No changes were made to the content of these pages (yet...).
2670 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.21 ====================
2672 Released: 2006-01-16
2677 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2678 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2680 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2681 Falk Hueffner <falk@debian.org>
2682 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
2683 Senthil Kumar <senthilkumar_sen@hotpop.com>
2684 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2686 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2693 truncate.2 gethostname.2 lseek.2 listxattr.2 readlink.2
2694 sysfs.2 stat.2 ustat.2 uname.2 getdomainname.2
2695 argz_add.3 asprintf.3 confstr.3 bstring.3 bzero.3 dlopen.3 fwide.3
2696 gethostbyname.3 getline.3 getlogin.3 getnameinfo.3 getpass.3 hsearch.3
2697 perror.3 printf.3 readdir.3 scanf.3 stpcpy.3 strdup.3 strfmon.3
2698 strftime.3 string.3 strptime.3 sysconf.3 termios.3 ttyname.3
2699 dsp56k.4 tty_ioctl.4
2700 elf.5 proc.5 termcap.5
2703 Various pages use inconsistent terms for 'null byte' (which
2704 is the C99/SUSv3 term for the '\0' character).
2706 To rectify this the following changes were made in the above
2709 Replace 'zero byte' with 'null byte'.
2710 Replace 'null character' with 'null byte'.
2711 Replace 'nulls' with 'null bytes'.
2712 Replace 'NUL-terminated' by 'null-terminated'.
2713 Replace 'NUL' by 'null byte'.
2714 Replace 'terminating NUL' by 'terminating null byte'.
2715 Replace 'final NUL' by 'terminating null byte'.
2716 Replace 'NUL character' by 'null byte'.
2720 Replace "SysV"/"SYSV" by "System V".
2722 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2726 Changes to individual pages
2727 ---------------------------
2731 Noted bug that could wrongly cause EPERM in unprivileged
2732 capset() with 'pid' field == getpid().
2736 Noted that EPOLLONESHOT was added in 2.6.2.
2740 Added GLIBC NOTES describing operation of glibc's
2741 gethostname() wrapper function.
2744 mtk / Mike Frysinger
2745 Clarify relationship between mmap2(2) and mmap64(3).
2747 A few other small rewordings.
2755 Added BUG noting that O_ASYNC can't be enabled via
2756 open(): fcntl() must be used for this purpose.
2760 Relocate misplaced discussion of MSG_DONTWAIT.
2764 Rewrote discussion of dlopen() 'flag' argument;
2765 added descriptions of RTLD_NOLOAD, RTLD_DELETE,
2768 Noted use of atexit() to register a function that is
2769 automatically called when a library is unloaded.
2773 Rewrote substantial parts of the page, and relicensed under GPL.
2777 Add RETURN VALUE section.
2781 Noted historical use of <stdio.h> to declare getopt().
2785 Clarify how strcmp() should be used as the 'compar'
2786 function by providing an example.
2787 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=348072
2791 Noted that /proc/mounts is pollable since kernel 2.6.15.
2793 Documented /proc/PID/task.
2795 Noted that the contents of /proc/PID/{cwd,exe,fd,root,task}
2796 are not available if the main thread has terminated.
2799 Add pointer to random(4) for description of files under
2800 /proc/sys/kernel/random.
2804 Small rewording of discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT
2805 (add cross-ref to socket(7)).
2808 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.22 ====================
2810 Released: 2006-02-02
2815 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2816 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2818 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
2819 Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
2820 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2821 Colin Tuckley <colin@tuckley.org>
2822 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2823 Thomas Hood <jdthood@yahoo.co.uk>
2824 Thorsten Kukuk <kukuk@suse.de>
2825 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
2831 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2834 Changes to individual pages
2835 ---------------------------
2839 Noted that portable applications should specify fd as -1
2840 when using MAP_ANONYMOUS.
2841 Some rewriting of description of MAP_ANONYMOUS.
2845 New link to sigreturn.2.
2849 New link to sigsuspend.2.
2853 Noted that waitid() does not set infop->si_uid field on
2854 most other implementations.
2858 Make clear that when calling getopt_long() and there are no
2859 short options, then 'optstring' should be "", not NULL.
2863 In glibc 2.0.92, openpty() was modified to preferably open
2864 Unix 98 ptys instead of BSD ptys.
2868 Small rewording under EXAMPLES.
2873 s/string must begin/string may begin/
2877 Documented inotify files under /proc/sys/fs/inotify:
2878 max_queued_events, max_user_instances, and max_user_watches.
2881 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.23 ====================
2883 Released: 2006-02-10
2888 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2889 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2891 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
2892 Britton Leo Kerin <bkerin_rb@letterboxes.org>
2893 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
2894 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
2895 Luc Van Oostenryck <lkml@looxix.net>
2896 Kurt Wall <kwall@kurtwerks.com>
2897 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
2898 Matthias Andree <matthias.andree@gmx.de>
2899 Robert Love <rlove@rlove.org>
2900 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
2901 Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
2903 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2908 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2918 Robert Love, with some additions by mtk.
2919 New pages describing the inotify API.
2924 Andi Kleen, with additional work by mtk
2925 New pages describing the NUMA memory allocation policy API.
2926 Drawn from the set at ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/people/ak/numa.
2929 Urs Thuermann, with additional work by mtk
2930 New page describing the real-time clock driver.
2934 Overview of the inotify API.
2936 Changes to individual pages
2937 ---------------------------
2941 On x86, clone() should not be called through vsyscall,
2942 but directly through "int $0x80".
2946 Small wording changes.
2948 Added cross-ref to inotify.7 under the description of dnotify.
2951 mtk / Britton Leo Kerin
2952 Small wording change under NOTES to clarify
2953 what happens when a process sends a signal to itself.
2954 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=350236
2957 mtk / Matthias Andree
2958 Added BUGS txt on interaction between MCL_FUTURE and
2960 See the following LKML thread:
2961 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=113801392825023&w=2
2962 "Rationale for RLIMIT_MEMLOCK"
2965 mtk / Samuel Thibault
2966 Rewrote declaration of 'msgp' to be "void *" in response
2967 to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=350884
2968 Various other wording fixes.
2972 Clarify distinction between "file creation flags" and
2973 "file status flags".
2977 Add SEE ALSO for pread(2).
2978 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351873
2986 Added return types to prototypes for FD_SET(), FD_CLR(),
2987 FD_ZERO, and FD_ISSET().
2988 Other minor wording changes.
2992 Add SEE ALSO for pwrite(2).
2993 (Analogous with read.2 change above.)
2997 Add Linux specific errors to this page.
3001 Added cross-ref to locale.7 for 'struct lconv' defn.
3002 Other minor wording changes.
3003 Martin (Joey) Schulze
3004 Added SEE ALSO refs for nl_langinfo.3
3005 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351831
3009 Minor formatting & wording fixes.
3012 Martin (Joey) Schulze
3013 Added SEE ALSO refs for nl_langinfo.3
3014 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351831
3018 Migrated description of inotify files to the new inotify.7 page.
3022 Add text describing characters 001 to 037.
3023 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=342173
3027 Minor wording and formatting changes.
3030 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.24 ====================
3032 Released: 2006-02-17
3037 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3038 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3040 Joerg Habenicht <habenich@planetserver.com>
3041 Luc Van Oostenryck <lkml@looxix.net>
3042 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
3043 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
3045 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3056 FSF / mtk (with assistance of Luc Van Oostenryck)
3057 man-pages finally gets pages for these system calls, several
3058 of which are obsolete in Linux 2.6.
3059 Took the old GPLed pages dated 1996 and made a number of
3060 clean-ups and minor additions.
3068 Change "file name" to "filename"
3069 Change "path name" to "pathname"
3084 mtk after a suggestion from Samuel Thibault
3085 Added SEE ALSO pointers to wide character equivalent functions
3086 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351996
3088 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
3092 Changes to individual pages
3093 ---------------------------
3097 Remove duplicate CLONE_STOPPED text.
3098 Commented out crufty text describing EINVAL error
3099 for the now obsolete CLONE_DETACHED flag.
3100 Under CLONE_SIGHAND, noted that 'flags' must also include
3101 CLONE_VM if CLONE_SIGHAND is specified.
3105 Under ERRORS: Separate out EAGAIN error for locking mmaped files.
3113 Documented the EAGAIN error for msgrcv().
3116 Mike Frysinger / mtk
3117 Expand explanation of FNM_PATHNAME.
3120 Joerg Habenicht / mtk
3121 Fix up discussion of EAGAIN/EACCESS errors.
3124 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.25 ====================
3126 Released: 2006-03-02
3131 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3132 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3134 James Peach <jpeach@samba.org>
3135 Krzysztof Benedyczak <golbi@mat.uni.torun.pl>
3136 Marten von Gagern <Martin.vGagern@gmx.net>
3137 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
3138 Michael Wronksi <michal.wronski@gmail.com>
3140 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3154 New pages describing POSIX message queue API.
3157 mtk, after a suggestion by James Peach
3158 New page describing posix_fallocate().
3162 New page giving overview of the POSIX message queue API.
3165 Changes to individual pages
3166 ---------------------------
3170 Add a case to the EINVAL error text.
3172 Various minor wording fixes
3173 Added SEE ALSO referring to new posix_fallocate.3.
3177 Added "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600" to prototype.
3178 Added SEE ALSO referring to new posix_fallocate.3.
3182 Migrated information on POSIX message queues to new mqueue.7 page.
3186 Fix thinko: s/assuming a non-blocking/assuming a blocking/
3189 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.26 ====================
3191 Released: 2006-03-21
3196 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3197 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3199 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
3200 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
3201 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
3202 Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com>
3203 Hasso Tepper <hasso@estpak.ee>
3204 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
3205 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
3206 Nicolas Francois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
3207 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
3208 Siward de Groot <siward@wanadoo.nl>
3209 Steve Beattie <sbeattie@suse.de>
3210 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
3212 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3229 mtk, aeb, Steve Beattie
3230 Added comment in SYNOPSIS to note that syscall(2) may be
3231 preferable over _syscallN (see intro(2)).
3233 Various minor formatting changes were done on a range of
3234 pages in Section 7. (No content was changed.)
3241 New page describing openat(2), added in kernel 2.6.16,
3242 and some notes on rationale for the at*(2) system calls.
3245 Andi Kleen, Christoph Lameter, mtk
3246 Added MPOL_MF_MOVE and MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL descriptions,
3247 from numactl-0.9.2 man page.
3248 Plus a few other smaller fixes.
3252 New page describing fexecve(3).
3256 New page describing futimes(3).
3258 Changes to individual pages
3259 ---------------------------
3263 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new fexecve.3.
3266 mtk, aeb, Steve Beattie
3267 Added some notes on syscall(2) versus _syscall.
3273 Added SEE ALSO pointing to mq_overview.7.
3277 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new openat.2.
3279 Split out part of the RETURN VALUE text into separate
3282 Modified wording referring to raw(8) to
3283 indicate that this interface is deprecated.
3287 Added discussion of ppoll(2), which is new in 2.6.16.
3296 Added text to note that although POSIX says msg_controllen
3297 should be socklen_t, glibc actually uses size_t.
3298 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=356502
3299 and the associated glibc bug report.
3300 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=2448
3302 Various formatting fixes.
3306 Updated to reflect the fact that pselect() has been implemented
3307 in the kernel in 2.6.16; various other minor wording changes.
3309 pselect() prototype needs "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600".
3313 Clean up description of EEXIST error.
3314 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=357893
3318 Added a little extra text to clarify EISDIR vs EPERM.
3322 Added new SEE ALSO entry pointing to new futimes.3 page.
3326 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new fexecve.3.
3330 New link to shm_open.3 (should have been made when page
3331 was originally written).
3335 Add needed "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE".
3339 Updated to remove a few function names that are now documented.
3343 Various changes to bring this page closer to
3344 current kernel versions.
3348 Noted that glibc 2.4 is required to get glibc support
3353 Some rewording and added a few words about System V
3358 Substantial updates to various parts of this page.
3364 Updated to reflect that the NPTL limitation that only the main
3365 thread could call setsid() and setpgid() was removed in 2.6.16.
3369 Removed text implying that only in kernel 2.2 does IP_HDRINCL
3370 prevent datagrams from being fragmented.
3374 Documented SO_SNDBUFFORCE and SO_RCVBUFFORCE socket options,
3377 Placed socket options in alphabetical order.
3380 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.27 ====================
3382 Released: 2006-03-24
3387 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3388 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3390 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
3391 Charles P. Wright <cwright@cs.sunysb.edu>
3392 Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
3393 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
3394 Daniel Jacobowitz <dan@debian.org>
3395 Ingo Molnar <mingo@elet.hu>
3396 Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
3397 Janak Desai <janak@us.ibm.com>
3398 Paolo (Blaisorblade) Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
3399 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
3401 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3409 Various minor formatting changes were done on a range of
3410 pages in Section 7. (No content was changed.)
3417 mtk, with reference to documentation by Janak Desai
3418 New page describing unshare(2), added in kernel 2.6.16.
3421 Changes to individual pages
3422 ---------------------------
3428 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new unshare.2.
3432 MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL requires CAP_SYS_NICE not CAP_SYS_RESOURCE.
3436 Clarified the description of MREMAP_FIXED and restructured
3437 the text to reflect the fact that this flag is exposed
3438 by glibc since version 2.4.
3441 Chuck Ebbert, with assistance from Daniel Jacobowitz,
3442 Paolo (Blaisorblade) Giarrusso, and Charles P. Wright;
3443 after a suggestion from Heiko Carstens.
3444 Document the following ptrace requests:
3445 PTRACE_SETOPTIONS (2.4.6)
3446 plus associated flags:
3447 PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD (2.4.6)
3448 PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK (2.5.46)
3449 PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK (2.5.46)
3450 PTRACE_O_TRACECLONE (2.5.46)
3451 PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC (2.5.46)
3452 PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORKDONE (2.5.60)
3453 PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT (2.5.60)
3454 PTRACE_SETSIGINFO (2.3.99-pre6)
3455 PTRACE_GETSIGINFO (2.3.99-pre6)
3456 PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG (2.5.46)
3457 PTRACE_SYSEMU (since Linux 2.6.14)
3458 PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP (since Linux 2.6.14)
3460 sched_get_priority_max.2
3461 sched_setscheduler.2
3464 Modified to document SCHED_BATCH policy, new in kernel 2.6.16.
3466 Text describing SCHED_BATCH was added to sched_setscheduler.2,
3467 and was drawn in part from Ingo Molnar's description in the
3468 mail message containing the patch that implemented this policy.
3470 Various other minor rewordings and formatting fixes.
3473 mtk, using text from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
3474 Document /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches, new in kernel 2.6.16.
3475 mtk, using information from ChangeLog-2.6.14.
3476 Document /proc/PID/smaps, new in kernel 2.6.14.
3480 Noted affect of CAP_SYS_NICE for mbind(MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL).
3484 Kernel 2.6.16 eliminated buggy behavior with respect to
3485 the alternate signal stack.
3488 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.28 ====================
3490 Released: 2006-03-31
3495 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3496 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3498 Aleksandr Blokhin <sass@altlinux.ru>
3499 Greg Johnson <gjohnson@lanl.gov>
3501 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3517 New pages describing the POSIX semaphores API.
3519 These pages supersede and provide a superset of the information
3520 in the glibc (3thr) "semaphores(3)" manual page.
3523 Changes to individual pages
3524 ---------------------------
3532 Wrapped long lines (no content changes).
3538 Add SEE ALSO pointing to the new sem_overview.7 page.
3542 Removed SEE ALSO reference to non-existent core(5).
3545 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.29 ====================
3547 Released: 2006-04-06
3552 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3553 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3555 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
3556 Roberto Jimenoca <robertojimenoca@terra.es>
3557 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
3559 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3571 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new core.5 page.
3579 New page describing mkdirat(2), new in 2.6.16.
3583 New page describing mknodat(2), new in 2.6.16.
3587 New page describing core dump files.
3591 New page describing mkfifoat(3).
3594 Changes to individual pages
3595 ---------------------------
3600 Michael Haardt / mtk
3601 Document EINVAL error for 'len' argument < 0.
3605 Expanded discussion of mandatory locking.
3609 Added BUGS text on 2.6.x handling of RLIMIT_CPU limit
3610 of zero seconds. See
3611 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112256338703880&w=2
3615 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mkdirat.2.
3619 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mknodat.2.
3622 mtk / Roberto Jimenoca
3623 Clarified discussion of file types affected by O_NONBLOCK.
3624 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=360243
3628 Rewrote NOTES describing rationale for openat().
3629 Various other minor changes.
3633 Removed a misleading cross-ref to socket.2.
3637 Since 2.6.17-rc1, shmdt() gives the error EINVAL in a further
3638 circumstance: if shmaddr is not aligned on a page boundary.
3642 Remove text saying that specifying invalid flags "is likely
3643 to cause compatibility problems" since the kernel now
3644 (2.6.17-rc1) contains an explicit check for invalid bits
3645 with a consequent EINVAL error.
3649 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mkfifoat.3.
3653 Information on core_pattern and core_uses_pid has
3654 been migrated to the new core.5 page.
3658 Removed paragraph referring to obsolete ipchains / ipfw(4).
3662 Add SEE ALSO entry referring to pthreads.7.
3665 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.30 ====================
3667 Released: 2006-04-17
3672 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3673 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3675 Andre Lehovich <andrel@yahoo.com>
3676 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
3677 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
3678 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
3680 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3688 New page describing linkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3692 New page describing renameat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3696 New page describing symlinkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3700 New page describing unlinkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3703 Changes to individual pages
3704 ---------------------------
3708 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new linkat.2 page.
3712 Added SEE ALSO entries pointing to new *at.2 pages.
3716 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new renameat.2 page.
3720 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new unlinkat.2 page.
3724 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new symlinkat.2 page.
3728 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new unlinkat.2 page.
3732 Document the feature test macros required to expose various flags.
3734 Clarify 'speed' argument for cfsetispeed() text.
3736 Note that LOBLK is not implemented on Linux.
3738 Clarify arguments for cfsetspeed().
3739 Various formatting changes.
3743 Add a sentence describing the purpose of full(4).
3747 Rework text describing circumstances in which
3748 core dump files are not produced.
3750 A core dump of a multithreaded process always includes the
3751 PID in the core filename.
3753 Eliminate some accidentally duplicated text.
3756 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.31 ====================
3758 Released: 2006-05-02
3763 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3764 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3766 Joshua Kwan <joshk@triplehelix.org>
3767 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
3768 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
3769 Mark Glines <mark@glines.org>
3770 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
3771 Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
3772 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
3773 Ryan S. Arnold <rsa@us.ibm.com>
3774 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
3776 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3782 The following pages have been relocated into section 7, since
3783 that is their more natural home. SEE ALSO references in various
3784 other pages have been adjusted.
3791 (many pages outside man-pages actually *expect*
3792 'environ' to be in Section 7.)
3797 ".so" link files have been created to link the old file locations to the
3798 new file locations. These links are added just to ensure that cross
3799 references from any other (non-man-pages) pages will remain valid;
3800 eventually these links will be removed.
3808 New page for fstatat(2), new in 2.6.16.
3812 New page for adjtime(3).
3816 New page describing error() and error_at_line()
3817 Fixes http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=186307
3819 program_invocation_name.3
3821 New page describing program_invocation_name and
3822 program_invocation_short_name variables.
3826 New page for sockatmark(3).
3830 New page describing feature test macros.
3834 New page giving an overview of "time" on Linux systems.
3848 Simplified wording around requirement for _BSD_SOURCE
3859 Added SEE ALSO referring to new time.7.
3866 Add SEE ALSO referring to new error.3.
3872 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to setlocale.3.
3875 Changes to individual pages
3876 ---------------------------
3880 Remove mention of SOCK_RDM from this page, since this socket
3881 type does not support accept()ing connections.
3885 Modified text referring to adjtime(); added SEE ALSO for new
3889 mtk, after a note by Karel Kulhavy
3890 Rewrote most of the DESCRIPTION, as well as some other parts
3891 the page, to clarify use and operation of, and rationale for,
3892 fsync(2) and fdatasync(2).
3896 Updated discussion of maximum timer value to reflect the fact
3897 that the default jiffy is now 4 milliseconds.
3899 Added text to note that current incorrect behavior of
3900 normalizing tv_usec >= 1000000 will be repaired in a future
3901 kernel; applications should be fixed now.
3905 Point out more explicitly that 'tz' argument should
3908 Various other minor edits and formatting fixes.
3912 Since kernel 2.6.16, MS_NOATIME and MS_NODIRATIME are settable
3913 on a per-mount basis.
3914 Detail exactly which mount flags can be changed on MS_REMOUNT.
3918 Clarify RETURN VALUE discussion.
3922 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fstatat.2.
3924 program_invocation_short_name.3
3926 New link to new program_invocation_name.3.
3930 Added SEE ALSO for new sockatmark.3.
3933 Joshua Kwan / Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk
3934 Correct wording of EBUSY case.
3936 Add ".." case to ENOTEMPTY error
3940 Note more clearly that fd_set arguments can be NULL.
3942 Improve opening paragraph describing purpose of select().
3944 Various other minor edits and formatting fixes.
3947 mtk / Nishanth Aravamudan
3948 Add text to noting that the initial values of semaphores
3949 in a new set are indeterminate.
3953 Add text noting that contents of newly created segment are zero
3958 Noted that all threads should block signal being waited for.
3961 Nishanth Aravamudan / mtk
3962 Added NOTE that st_size is always returned as zero for most
3965 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fstatat.2.
3969 Remove bogus BUGS text.
3973 Various minor changes.
3977 Rewrote RETURN VALUE discussion.
3978 Updated CONFORMING TO.
3982 Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk
3983 Fix errors in DESCRIPTION.
3987 The range of tm_sec is 0..60 (not 0..61).
3990 error_message_count.3
3992 error_print_progname.3
3994 New links to new error.3.
3997 mtk / Ryan S. Arnold
3998 Add text noting that explicitly controlling output buffering
3999 may be useful to catch errors on output operations on an
4004 Add SEE ALSO pointing to getline.3.
4005 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=364772
4010 Describe correct handling of errno in order to
4011 distinguish error from success after the call.
4013 Added EXAMPLE section which points to strtol.3 which provides
4014 an example of the use of the analogous strtol(3).
4018 Add an example program.
4020 Describe correct handling or errno in order to
4021 distinguish error from success after the call.
4025 DESCRIPTION does not need to say "temporary file name"
4026 just "temporary file", since the name is in any case
4027 unavailable to the user.
4028 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=363518
4031 Change /automatically deleted when the program terminates normally/
4032 to /automatically deleted when the program terminates/
4033 since deletion occurs on both normal and abnormal termination.
4037 Various wording improvements and clarifications.
4040 mtk / Ulrich Drepper
4041 Add text noting that a signal's disposition is process-wide,
4042 shared by all threads.
4044 Add text on changing signal dispositions.
4045 Add text on "signal mask and pending signals".
4050 Added SEE ALSO for new adjtime.3.
4054 Remove bogus duplicate line.
4057 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.32 ====================
4059 Released: 2006-05-13
4064 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4065 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4067 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
4068 Johannes Weiner <root@hnaz.ath.cx>
4069 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4070 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
4071 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
4072 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
4074 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4082 New page for faccessat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4086 New page for fchmodat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4090 New page for fchownat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4094 New page for futimesat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4097 Changes to individual pages
4098 ---------------------------
4102 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new faccessat.2 page.
4106 Reworded to reflect that capabilities are per-thread.
4110 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fchmodat.2 page.
4114 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fchownat.2 page.
4118 Updated discussion of MAP_NORESERVE since it is no longer
4119 restricted to MAP_PRIVATE mappings.
4120 Add reference to discussion of /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory
4125 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new faccessat.2, fchmodat.2,
4126 fchownat.2, futimesat.2 pages.
4130 Document SHM_NORESERVE flag, new in 2.6.15.
4134 Expand text noting that ftruncate()/truncate() may fail if
4135 asked to extend a file beyond its current length.
4140 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new futimesat.2 page.
4144 Document 'm' (mmap) flag.
4145 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=365754
4147 Document 'c' (notcancel) flag.
4151 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new futimesat.2 page.
4155 Add missing "const" qualifies to cast in EXAMPLE.
4157 Slight rewording of comments in EXAMPLE.
4161 Clarify meaning of IXANY.
4162 Clarify relationship of MIN with VMIN and TIME with VTIME.
4164 Noted that CIBAUD, OFDEL, and DELECHO are not implemented
4166 Added explanatory paragraph for phrases "not in POSIX" and
4171 Reworded to reflect that capabilities are per-thread.
4172 Add ioprio_set() to list of operations permitted by
4174 Add ioprio_set() IOPRIO_CLASS_RT and IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE
4175 scheduling classes to list of operations permitted by
4177 Note effects of CAP_SYS_NICE for migrate_pages().
4180 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.33 ====================
4182 Released: 2006-05-23
4187 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4188 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4190 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
4191 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4192 Martin Osvald" <martin.osvald@gmail.com>
4193 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
4195 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4203 renamed to the more suggestive feature_test_macros.7
4211 New page briefly describing mq_getsetattr(2), the system
4212 call that underlies mq_setattr(3) and mq_getattr(3).
4216 New page for rpmatch(3).
4219 Changes to individual pages
4220 ---------------------------
4224 Remove mention of non-standard S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC.
4225 POSIX does now document ELOOP.
4229 Remove mention of non-standard S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC.
4233 Add mincore(2) to SEE ALSO.
4234 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367401
4238 Note that EINVAL can also be caused by
4239 flags == MS_SYNC | MS_ASYNC.
4243 Add CPU_ISSET, CPU_CLR, CPU_SET, CPU_ZERO to NAME section.
4247 Various minor changes.
4251 Removed much material that is redundant with select.2.
4252 Various other changes.
4256 Substantial rewrite of description of 'mask'.
4263 New links to sched_setaffinity.2
4270 New links to select.2.
4274 Add SEE also referring to ftw.3.
4278 Add SEE also referring to fts.3.
4282 Various minor clarifications.
4286 Clarify that O_EXCL is an open(2) flag.
4290 Fix prototype declaration for 'attr'.
4294 s/sigev_signal/sigev_signo/
4298 New link to mq_getattr.3.
4302 New link to mq_receive.3.
4306 New link to mq_send.3.
4310 Added SEE ALSO referring to rpmatch.3.
4316 New links to sigsetops.3.
4320 Added SEE ALSO referring to unlocked_stdio.3
4321 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367667
4325 Add description of strchrnul().
4329 New link to strchr.3.
4333 Updated to remove some functions that don't exist, and
4334 therefore don't need to be documented.
4335 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367671
4339 Added SEE ALSO referring to stdio.3
4340 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367667
4344 Added section describing relationship between library
4345 interfaces and system calls.
4346 Added SEE ALSO referring to new mq_getsetattr.2.
4348 feature_test_macros.7
4350 Fix typo: s/_POSIX_C_SOURCE/_POSIX_SOURCE/
4353 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.34 ====================
4355 Released: 2006-06-20
4360 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4361 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4363 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho <aris@cathedrallabs.org>
4364 bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
4365 Chris Curtis <chris.curtis@riptidesoftware.com>
4366 Eduardo Madeira Fleury <efleury@br.ibm.com>
4367 Joerg Scheurich <rusmufti@helpdesk.bera.rus.uni-stuttgart.de>
4368 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sf.net>
4369 Kenichi Okuyama <okuyama.kenichi@oss.ntt.co.jp>
4370 Marc Lehmann <debian-reportbug@plan9.de>
4371 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
4372 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
4373 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
4374 Peter Eiserloh <eiserlohpp@yahoo.com>
4375 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
4376 Thomas Dickey <dickey@radix.net>
4377 Walter Harms <wharms@bfs.de>
4379 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4389 Added header comment noting that these pages are in the public
4399 Added following to top of these pages to clarify origin and
4401 .\" This page was taken from the 4.4BSD-Lite CDROM (BSD license)
4407 Eduardo Madeira Fleury, with edits by mtk, and review by Jens Axboe
4408 New page for ioprio_get(2) and ioprio_set(2), new in 2.6.13.
4412 New page describing offsetof() macro.
4415 Changes to individual pages
4416 ---------------------------
4420 Add SEE ALSO referring to exit_group.2.
4424 Add SEE ALSO referring to acct.5.
4428 Explicitly mention term "dnotify" in discussion of F_NOTIFY.
4431 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk
4432 s/<inotify.h>/<sys/inotify.h>/ in prototypes.
4433 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960
4435 Renamed argument from 'path' to 'pathname'.
4436 Reword introductory paragraph to clarify that
4437 inotify_add_watch() may also modify an existing watch item.
4439 The EINVAL error can also occur if 'fd' is not an inotify
4442 Moved BUGS section from this page to inotify.7.
4445 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk
4446 s/<inotify.h>/<sys/inotify.h>/ in prototypes.
4447 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960
4450 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk
4451 s/<inotify.h>/<sys/inotify.h>/ in prototypes.
4452 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960
4454 The EINVAL error can also occur if 'fd' is not an inotify
4459 New link to new ioprio_set.2.
4463 Add SEE ALSO referring to remap_file_pages.2.
4467 s/MNT_FORCE/MNT_EXPIRE/ under EINVAL error.
4471 s/unsigned long flags/int flags/ in SYNOPSIS.
4475 Add SEE ALSO referring to popen.3.
4479 Add SEE ALSO referring to readahead.2.
4483 SEE ALSO for readv should refer to Section 2, not 3.
4487 Add SEE ALSO referring to posix_fadvise.2.
4491 Fix missing arguments in statement about equivalent send()
4496 Add SEE ALSO referring to tcgetsid.3.
4500 Minor wording change at start of DESCRIPTION.
4504 Add SEE ALSO referring to access.2.
4508 Relocated "Note" about f_fsid.
4512 SEE ALSO for writev should refer to Section 2, not 3.
4516 Added license statement (GPL) after consultation with
4521 Add #define _GNU_SOURCE to prototype
4525 Added note about time_t representation on other systems.
4526 Added CONFORMING TO.
4530 A fairly major revision...
4531 Document FTW_ACTIONRETVAL; include .SH "RETURN VALUE";
4532 Reorganized and rewrote much of the page
4533 Added an example program.
4537 Fixed typo in NOTES.
4538 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=370277
4542 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4546 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4550 Add documentation of %m.
4554 Added SEE ALSO referring to ftw.3.
4558 Note that these functions are obsolete in favor of regcomp(3).
4560 Add SEE ALSO referring to regcomp.3
4564 Reworded CONFORMING TO statement on scandir() and alphasort().
4568 Fix prototype for strchrnul().
4572 Add text clarifying treatment of strings starting with
4576 mtk, after comments by Justin Pryzby
4577 Add text noting the need to use open(O_EXCL).
4579 Clarify discussion of use of free(3).
4580 Various other minor changes to text and formatting.
4584 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4587 mtk, after comments by Justin Pryzby
4588 Add text noting the need to use open(O_EXCL).
4589 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4593 Remove offsetof(), which is now documented.
4597 Added SEE ALSO referring to full.4.
4601 Various improvements and corrections.
4605 Added CONFORMING TO section mentioning FreeBSD kqueue and
4608 feature_test_macros.7
4610 Added pointer to location of LFS specification.
4613 mtk, after suggestion by Joey.
4614 Added license statement to page, after discussion with
4615 original author, bert hubert.
4617 Reformat long lines; no content changes.
4621 'path' argument renamed to 'pathname'.
4622 A few minor rewordings.
4623 Added BUGS section describing a couple of bugs.
4627 Add SEE ALSO referring to byteorder.3.
4631 Add SEE ALSO referring to groff_man(7).
4632 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369253
4635 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.35 ====================
4637 Released: 2006-07-06
4642 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4643 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4645 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4646 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
4647 Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
4648 Bauke Jan Douma <bjdouma@xs4all.nl>
4649 Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
4650 Denis Barbier <barbier@linuxfr.org>
4651 Horacio Rodriguez Montero <Horacio.Rodriguez.Montero@galinter.com.ar>
4652 Johan Lithander <johan.lithander@teligent.se>
4653 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4654 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
4655 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
4656 Thorsten Kukuk <kukuk@suse.de>
4658 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4664 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
4672 New page for sync_file_range(2), new in kernel 2.6.17.
4674 Changes to individual pages
4675 ---------------------------
4679 Noted BUG that occurs if 'delta' is specified as NULL.
4680 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6761
4684 Add EADDRNOTAVAIL error.
4686 Make example code more complete.
4689 mtk / Davide Libenzi
4690 Added EPOLLRDHUP description.
4692 Added SEE ALSO referring to poll.2.
4695 mtk / Davide Libenzi
4696 Added POLLRDHUP description.
4698 The correct header file is <poll.h>, not <sys/poll.h>.
4699 Rewrote and reformatted various other parts.
4703 Nowadays, readlink() returns 'ssize_t', as required in
4708 Added license statement.
4712 Add documentation for various new fields.
4715 Horacio Rodriguez Montero
4716 Add explanation of 'x' character in 'password' field.
4718 The proper name of "*" is "asterisk" not "star".
4722 Update RFC reference for ECN.
4724 Add sentence on "low memory" limit for tcp_mem on 32-bit systems.
4727 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.36 ====================
4729 Released: 2006-07-11
4734 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4735 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4737 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4738 Jens Axboe <jans@suse.de>
4739 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4740 Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
4742 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4747 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
4755 How to maintain man-pages.
4759 Things that it would be nice to get done for man-pages one day.
4761 scripts/FIXME_list.sh
4763 This script, intended for use by manual page maintainers,
4764 displays the FIXMEs in the manual page source files.
4766 Changes to individual pages
4767 ---------------------------
4772 Added SEE ALSO referring to sync_file_range.2.
4776 Fix description of 'offset' argument to explain the case
4777 where 'offset' is NULL.
4781 Add SEE ALSO referring to fdopen.3.
4785 Removed information about Section 3 subsections -- it doesn't
4786 reflect current reality, and probably never has.
4788 Added SEE ALSO referring to intro.2.
4792 Correction: tcp_window_scaling is ENabled by default.
4795 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.37 ====================
4797 Released: 2006-08-02
4802 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4803 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4805 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4806 Dean Gaudet <dean@arctic.org>
4807 Frank van Viegen <F.C.vanViegen@UTwente.nl>
4808 Helmut Grohne <helmut@subdivi.de>
4809 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
4810 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
4811 Ville Skyttä <ville.skytta@iki.fi>
4813 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4818 Thomas Huriaux / mtk
4820 Various formatting problems found as a result of reviewing the
4821 following command were fixed.
4823 for a in $(wc man?/*.?| awk '$1 > 2 ' | grep -v total); do
4824 echo $a; groff -Tascii -wmac -mman $a > /dev/null;
4827 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=378544
4829 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
4836 mtk (after prompting from Ivana Varekova)
4837 New page for readlinkat(2), new in kernel 2.6.16.
4839 Changes to individual pages
4840 ---------------------------
4844 Document "-u" option.
4848 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on current working directory.
4852 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on root directory.
4855 Frank van Viegen / mtk
4856 Fix description of EBADF error.
4860 Add text noting that effective IDs are copied to
4861 saved set-IDs during execve().
4862 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=379297
4866 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on interval timers.
4870 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on resource limits.
4874 Noted effect of fork() and execve().
4878 Some rewording; included text describing required file
4883 Revised description of standards under CONFORMING TO.
4887 Point out that args following 'argc' are int.
4889 Added an example program.
4890 Various minor wording fixes.
4894 Expand description of MAP_POPULATE.
4895 mtk, after prompting by Dean Gaudet
4896 Expand description MAP_NONBLOCK.
4898 Various minor formatting fixes.
4902 Added SEE ALSO linking to readlinkat.2.
4906 Noted buggy behavior in Linux 2.4 and earlier when
4907 nanosleep() is restarted after receiving stop+SIGCONT signals.
4911 Very minor rewording.
4915 Added SEE ALSO linking to readlinkat.2.
4917 sched_setscheduler.2
4919 Noted preservation of scheduling parameters across execve().
4923 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on process group ID.
4927 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on session ID.
4931 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on umask.
4935 Noted inheritance of registrations across fork().
4939 Added material on privileges required for move_pages().
4940 CLONE_NEWNS needs CAP_SYS_ADMIN.
4941 keyctl(KEYCTL_CHOWN) and keyctl(KEYCTL_SETPERM) require
4945 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.38 ====================
4947 Released: 2006-08-03
4952 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4953 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4955 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4957 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4964 There was a major reworking of the CONFORMING TO sections
4965 in most manual pages.
4967 * generally try to rationalize the names used for standards.
4968 The preferred names are now documented as the head words
4969 of the list in standards(7). For the future: there is
4970 probably no need to talk about anything more than
4971 C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001 (or later), xBSD, and SVr4.
4972 (In particular, I've eliminated most references to XPG
4973 and SVID, replacing them with references to SUS or SVr4.)
4975 * eliminate discussion of errors that can occur on other
4976 systems. This information exists only patchily in the
4977 manual pages, is probably of limited use, is hard to maintain,
4978 and was in some cases simply wrong (and probably always was).
4980 * Tried to ensure that those interfaces specified in C99 or
4981 POSIX.1-2001 are marked as such in their manual pages.
4989 feature_test_macros.7
4991 Added SEE ALSO referring to new standards.7.
4995 Changed instances of "HP UX" to "HP-UX".
4999 Changed instances of "DG-UX to "DG/UX"
5001 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5009 Based on material taken from intro.2, but expanded to
5010 include discussion of many additional standards.
5012 Changes to individual pages
5013 ---------------------------
5017 Minor wording change for ENOTSOCK error.
5021 Removed information on standards to new standards.7.
5024 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.39 ====================
5026 Released: 2006-08-05
5031 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5032 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5034 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
5036 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5043 Updated CONFORMING TO and/or standards references
5044 in various pages that were missed for 2.38.
5046 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5049 Changes to individual pages
5050 ---------------------------
5055 _XOPEN_SOURCE=500 also gets fchdir() prototype.
5059 Added a few more standards, and expand some explanations.
5062 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.40 ====================
5064 Released: 2006-09-04
5069 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5070 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5072 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
5073 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
5074 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
5075 Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
5076 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
5077 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
5078 Toralf Förster <toralf.foerster@gmx.de>
5080 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5097 mtk (after a note by Alain Portal)
5098 Make naming of 'pathname' argument consistent; various
5101 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5104 Changes to individual pages
5105 ---------------------------
5109 Reinstate text on CLONE_DETACHED, and add a few words.
5113 Added list of process attributes that are not preserved on exec().
5116 mtk, after a suggestion by Christoph Hellwig
5117 Greatly expanded, to describe all attributes that differ
5118 in parent and child.
5122 Document AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW (new in 2.6.18).
5126 Memory policy is preserved across execve().
5130 SEE ALSO for writev should refer to Section 2, not 3.
5131 (i.e., really make the change that was logged in 2.34)
5134 Samuel Thibault / mtk
5135 Fix SYNOPSIS and CONFORMING TO text for getwd() and
5137 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=381692
5141 Document /proc/PID/auxv.
5145 Restore text accidentally deleted in 2.39.
5149 Change references to "1003.2" to "POSIX.2".
5152 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.41 ====================
5154 Released: 2006-10-12
5159 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5160 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5162 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
5163 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
5164 Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
5165 Britton Leo Kerin <bkerin_rb@letterboxes.org>
5166 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
5167 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
5168 Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>
5169 Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
5170 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
5171 Kevin Ryde <user42@zip.com.au>
5172 Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
5173 Senthil Kumar <senthilkumar_sen@hotpop.com>
5174 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
5175 Stuart MacDonald <stuartm@connecttech.com>
5176 Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
5178 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5184 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5194 Jens Axboe / Michael Kerrisk
5196 http://lwn.net/Articles/118760/
5197 http://lwn.net/Articles/178199/
5198 http://lwn.net/Articles/179492/
5199 http://kerneltrap.org/node/6505
5200 http://lwn.net/Articles/179434/
5202 Changes to individual pages
5203 ---------------------------
5207 Note glibc version where "ldd -u" appeared.
5211 The PR_SET_NAME setting is not preserved across an execve().
5215 Mappings marked with madvise(MADV_DONTFORK) are not inherited
5220 Noted that sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX) is preferred in portable
5225 Noted that sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) is preferred in portable
5227 _SC_PAGE_SIZE is available on most systems.
5231 Document MADV_REMOVE, new in 2.6.16.
5232 Document MADV_DONTFORK / MADV_DOFORK, new in 2.6.16.
5235 mtk / Trond Myklebust
5236 MNT_FORCE can cause data loss.
5240 Added note on Linux's old (pre-2.6.12) buggy treatment of
5243 Added some EINVAL errors.
5247 Remove superfluous "#include <unistd.h>" from SYNOPSIS.
5251 Added EBUSY error for case where MS_INVALIDATE is applied to
5256 Since 2.6.18, POSIX_FADV_NOREUSE is a no-op.
5259 Marcel Holtmann / mtk
5260 Since kernel 2.6.18, setting 2 for PR_SET_DUMPABLE is no longer
5263 Updated Linux versions where the options where introduced.
5264 Added PR_SET_TIMING, PR_GET_TIMING, PR_SET_NAME, PR_GET_NAME,
5265 PR_SET_UNALIGN, PR_GET_UNALIGN, PR_SET_FPEMU, PR_GET_FPEMU,
5266 PR_SET_FPEXC, PR_GET_FPEXC.
5268 Document PR_GET_ENDIAN and PR_SET_ENDIAN.
5272 Add "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to SYNOPSIS.
5276 Noted that sync_file_range() appeared in kernel 2.6.17.
5280 Noted interactions with fork handlers in multithreaded programs.
5284 Added feature test macros to SYNOPSIS.
5287 mtk / aeb / Kevin Ryde
5288 Fix broken text in description.
5289 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386214
5293 Fix broken text in description.
5294 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386214
5298 Fix return type in SYNOPSIS; should be "ssize_t" not "mqd_t".
5299 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=387551
5303 Fix wording referring to the use of strcmp() in 'compar'
5305 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=391402
5309 Added SEE ALSO referring to new splice.2 page.
5313 Documented IUTF8 (which was new in kernel 2.6.4).
5317 Added some TZ examples.
5318 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386087
5322 Added delayacct_blkio_ticks (new in 2.6.18) to /proc/PID/statm.
5325 Stuart MacDonald / Andi Kleen
5326 Fix discussion for TCP error queue /IP_RECVERR on TCP.
5330 Noted effect of RLIMIT_STACK resource limit for NPTL.
5334 Place socket options in alphabetical order.
5337 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.42 ====================
5339 Released: 2006-11-24
5344 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5345 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5347 Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
5348 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
5349 Doug Goldstein <cardoe@gentoo.org>
5350 Eduard Bloch <blade@debian.org>
5351 Evan Teran <eteran@alum.rit.edu>
5352 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
5353 Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
5354 Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
5355 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
5357 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5363 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5367 Changes to individual pages
5368 ---------------------------
5372 Add text describing behavior of the Linux brk() system call
5373 and point out that the glibc brk() wrapper provides different
5376 Note that sbrk() is implemented as a library function in glibc
5377 that calls the brk() system call.
5381 FUTEX_FD is scheduled for removal in June 2007.
5385 Ulrich Drepper, with edits by mtk
5386 Add text describing Internationalized Domain Name
5391 Fix description of O_LARGEFILE to mention required feature test
5396 Since Linux 2.6.18, the PID of the new process is also available
5397 for PTRACE_EVENT_VFORKDONE.
5401 Fix header file required for vsyslog() in SYNOPSIS.
5409 Linux 2.4.21 added core_pattern (which was already in 2.6).
5410 Noted a few more reasons why a core dump file might not
5414 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.43 ====================
5416 Released: 2006-11-29
5421 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5422 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5424 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
5425 David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net>
5426 Eduard Bloch <blade@debian.org>
5427 Egmont Koblinger <egmont@uhulinux.hu>
5428 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
5430 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5436 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5440 Changes to individual pages
5441 ---------------------------
5445 Clarify discussion of privilege requirements.
5446 Added ENOMEM to ERRORS.
5450 Clarify description of O_LARGEFILE.
5454 Make description of MD5 output string less ambiguous.
5458 Add C99 to CONFORMING TO; see
5459 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400634
5464 Update the RTC man page to reflect the new RTC class framework:
5466 - Generalize ... it's not just for PC/AT style RTCs, and there
5467 may be more than one RTC per system.
5469 - Not all RTCs expose the same feature set as PC/AT ones; most
5470 of these ioctls will be rejected by some RTCs.
5472 - Be explicit about when {A,P}IE_{ON,OFF} calls are needed.
5474 - Describe the parameter to the get/set epoch request; correct
5475 the description of the get/set frequency parameter.
5477 - Document RTC_WKALM_{RD,SET}, which don't need AIE_{ON,OFF} and
5478 which support longer alarm periods.
5480 - Hey, not all system clock implementations count timer irqs any
5481 more now that the new RT-derived clock support is merging.
5485 s/fseek(3)/lseek(2)/ under /proc/PID/mem entry.
5487 feature_test_macros.7
5489 The LFS spec is now at http://opengroup.org/platform/lfs.html
5494 Describe the correct default for UDP/RAW path MTU discovery.
5497 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.44 ====================
5499 Released: 2007-04-04
5504 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5505 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5507 Andre Majorel <aym-naideb@teaser.fr>
5508 Benjamin Gilbert <bgilbert@cs.cmu.edu>
5509 Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon <carenas@sajinet.com.pe>
5510 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
5511 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
5512 Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
5513 John Ward <jward@idealcorp.com>
5514 Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto <jorgepeixotomorais@gmail.com>
5515 Julien Blache <jblache@debian.org>
5516 Julien Cristau <jcristau@debian.org>
5517 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
5518 Martín Ferrari <martin.ferrari@gmail.com>
5519 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
5520 Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
5521 Nick Pollitt <npollitt@mvista.com>
5522 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.ne>
5523 Pádraig Brady <P@draigBrady.com>
5524 Premysl Hruby <dfenze@gmail.com>
5525 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
5526 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
5527 Serge E. Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
5528 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
5529 Timo Sirainen <tss@iki.fi>
5530 Val Henson <val_henson@linux.intel.com>
5532 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5539 mtk, after a bit of prodding by Reuben Thomas
5540 A brief discussion of the old System V termio interface,
5541 with pointers to pages that will contain the information
5542 that the reader probably wants.
5544 scripts/find_repeated_words.sh
5546 Find consecutive duplicate words in a man page, some of
5547 which may be grammar errors.
5554 Add "#define _ATFILE_SOURCE" to SYNOPSIS in following pages:
5572 Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since
5573 that is the manual page more likely to be found on current systems.
5576 mtk, after a suggestion by Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
5577 Updated various header pages to accurately reflect which functions
5578 are and are not part of C89. Also fixed/improved a few other
5579 CONFORMING TO entries.
5583 s/Unices/Unix systems/ on the 5 pages where it appears.
5587 Wrapped long source lines in the following files
5632 Added a SEE ALSO reference for feature_test_macros(7) to all
5633 pages where a feature test macro appears in the SYNOPSIS.
5637 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to time.7
5645 Fixed consecutive duplicate word typos on a number of pages.
5647 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5648 places. (Special thanks to Nicolas François!)
5651 Changes to individual pages
5652 ---------------------------
5656 Since 2.6.20, access() honors the MS_NOEXEC mount flag.
5657 Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto / mtk
5658 Improve ENOENT description.
5662 Added some detail to the prototype.
5663 Added some notes on IA-64's clone2().
5667 Add text to note that EPOLLRDHUP appeared in kernel 2.6.17.
5671 Various fixes as per
5672 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411177
5673 * s/effective/real/ in description text.
5674 * added <fcntl.h> to synopsis.
5675 * various other changes.
5678 mtk / Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5679 Added a few words to note that RLIMIT_NPROC is really a limit on
5687 Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5688 s%linux/aio.h%libaio.h% in SYNOPSIS.
5689 Changed return type from "long" to "int".
5692 Samuel Thibault / mtk
5693 Fix EINVAL description.
5694 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411777
5698 Kernel 2.6.21 fixes several earlier bugs in mincore().
5700 Remove words "of a file" -- mincore() is describing
5701 memory residence information, not properties of a file.
5703 Rewrote various parts to make the page clearer.
5707 Rewrote and reorganized various parts to be clearer.
5708 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5709 Removed text stating that mmap() never returns 0; that's
5714 Document MS_RELATIME, new in Linux 2.6.20.
5718 On Linux, the error returned when opening a large file on a
5719 32-bit system is actually EFBIG, not EOVERFLOW.
5723 Fix RETURN VALUE description: returns error number of failure.
5727 Various improvements to DESCRIPTION.
5728 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=416012
5732 If sops contains multiple operations, then these are performed
5733 in array order. All Unix systems that I know of do this,
5734 and some Linux applications depend on this behavior. SUSv3
5735 made no explicit statement here, but SUSv4 will explicitly
5736 require this behavior.
5737 Small rewording of explanation of "atomically".
5741 Fix incorrect argument name in DESCRIPTION.
5743 Small wording improvement.
5747 Add reference to ipv6.7 page.
5755 Fix inconsistent argument names in SYNOPSIS and DESCRIPTION.
5759 Small wording clarification.
5762 mtk / Nicolas François
5763 Removed cryptic text under CONFORMING to referring to
5764 "open(2) and NFS". There is no relevant text in open.2 as
5765 far as I (mtk) can see.
5769 Remove sentence "gettimeofday() obsoleting time() on 4.3BSD".
5770 This information is old, and probably no longer relevant.
5771 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=403888
5774 mtk, after an idea from a downstream Fedora patch.
5775 Clarified discussion of /count == 0/ case.
5779 When the parent receives an event with PTRACE_EVENT_* set,
5780 the child is not in the normal signal delivery path. This
5781 means the parent cannot do ptrace(PTRACE_CONT) with a signal
5782 or ptrace(PTRACE_KILL). kill() with a SIGKILL signal can be
5783 used instead to kill the child process after receiving one
5788 Fix glibc version number in description of 'cpusetsize' argument.
5792 Stripped some excess/outdated text from the BUGS section.
5795 mtk / Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto
5796 Add text to clarify that the pointer returned by these
5797 functions may be into some part of 'path'.
5800 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5801 + Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon
5802 Add "#include <stdlib.h>" to example program.
5806 Complete rewrite. The existing page was hard to read,
5807 and the RETURN VALUE description seems to be wrong.
5811 Added getopt() example program.
5813 Add a few words to clarify the operation of the GNU-specific
5814 double-colon feature, which allows options to have optional
5816 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=352139
5823 mtk, after an idea from a downstream Fedora patch.
5824 Clarified description of inet_network().
5836 Small rewording to mention calloc().
5840 Fix return type in SYNOPSIS; as per
5841 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400971
5842 Needs _XOPEN_SOURCE == 600; as per
5843 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400975
5845 s/ptsname/posix_openpt/ in RETURN VALUE
5848 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5849 Add "#define _REGEX_RE_COMP" to SYNOPSIS.
5857 Added .SS headers to give some structure to this page; and a small
5858 amount of reordering.
5860 Added a section on canonical and non-canonical mode.
5862 Enhanced the discussion of "raw" mode for cfmakeraw().
5866 Make description of PARODD a little clearer.
5868 Add SEE ALSO link to tty_ioctl.4
5870 Add SEE ALSO link to console_ioctl.4
5874 Removed BSD prototype from synopsis.
5879 Removed BSD prototype from synopsis.
5883 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5884 s/curses/ncurses/ under SEE ALSO
5887 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5888 Documented "mem=nopentium".
5890 feature_test_macros.7
5892 The default treatment of _POSIX_C_SOURCE changed in glibc 2.4.
5893 mtk, after a suggestion by Justin Pryzby
5894 Added some text warning that the "__" macros that
5895 <features.h> defines internally should never be
5896 directly defined by programs.
5897 mtk, based on notes by Jakub Jelinek
5898 Document _FORTIFY_SOURCE
5899 (See http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-patches/2004-09/msg02055.html )
5901 Document _REENTRANT and _THREAD_SAFE.
5904 mtk / Nicolas François
5905 Remove CONFIGURATION section, since this does not seem to be
5910 Fix data types in associated data structures;
5911 remove non-existent semzcnt and semncnt fields.
5915 Since kernel 2.6.20, the software clock can also be 300 HZ.
5918 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.45 ====================
5920 Released: 2007-04-05
5925 This release consists mainly of formatting fixes (to a large
5926 number of pages) to achieve greater consistency across pages.
5927 With the exception of the few individual changes noted below,
5928 no changes were made to content.
5930 Changes to individual pages
5931 ---------------------------
5939 Clarified RETURN VALUE text
5943 Rewrote prototype using modern C syntax.
5946 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.46 ====================
5948 Released: 2007-04-06
5953 This release consists mainly of formatting fixes (to a large
5954 number of pages) to achieve greater consistency across pages:
5956 * Most instances of two or more consecutive blank lines in man
5957 page output were shrunk to a single line.
5958 * A number of example programs were reformatted
5959 to more closely match K&R style.
5960 * In various places (mainly code examples), the use of tabs was
5963 With the exception of the few individual changes noted below,
5964 no changes were made to content.
5967 Changes to individual pages
5968 ---------------------------
5972 Add <sys/kdaemon.h> header file to SYNOPSIS.
5974 sched_rr_get_interval.2
5976 Moved timespec definition from SYNOPSIS into description.
5980 Make SYNOPSIS match select.2.
5983 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.47 ====================
5985 Released: 2007-05-04
5990 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5991 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5993 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
5994 John Heffner <jheffner@psc.edu>
5996 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6002 This release consists mainly of changes to source file layout
6003 (wrapped long lines; stripped trailing white space; started new
6004 sentences on new lines).
6006 There is very little change to output formatting or content (see the
6010 Changes to individual pages
6011 ---------------------------
6013 sched_rr_get_interval.2
6015 Remove crufty statement that this system call is not implemented.
6016 The nice interval can be used to control the size of
6017 the round-robin quantum.
6022 Document IP_PMTUDISC_PROBE, which will be in 2.6.22.
6025 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.48 ====================
6027 Released: 2007-05-04
6032 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6033 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6035 Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
6036 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
6038 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6044 This release consists mainly of changes to source file layout
6045 (wrapped long lines; stripped trailing white space; started new
6046 sentences on new lines).
6048 There is very little change to output formatting or content (see the
6053 In various places where it occurred,
6054 s/nonnegative/non-negative/
6058 s/wide character/wide-character/ when used attributively.
6061 Changes to individual pages
6062 ---------------------------
6065 Justin Pryzby / Colin Watson / mtk
6066 .SH doesn't require quotes.
6067 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411303
6070 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.49 ====================
6072 Released: 2007-05-20
6077 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6078 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6080 Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
6081 Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
6082 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
6084 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6092 Documentation of bsd_signal().
6096 Manual page for euidaccess() and eaccess().
6100 Documentation of getsubopt().
6104 Documentation of sysv_signal().
6112 New link to epoll_wait.2.
6116 New link to new euidaccess.3,
6120 New link to sem_wait.3.
6124 New link to sem_wait.3.
6130 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
6134 Changes to individual pages
6135 ---------------------------
6139 Added SEE ALSO ref to new euidaccess.3 page.
6143 Added description of epoll_pwait(), new in kernel 2.6.19.
6147 Add text noting that Linux allows 'argv' and 'envp' to be
6148 NULL, but warning that this is non-standard and non-portable,
6149 and should be avoided in portable programs.
6150 Bug filed (http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8408)
6151 to get this changed, but maybe that won't be done because it
6154 Added an example program.
6156 Expanded the discussion of interpreter scripts and the
6157 'optional-arg' argument of an interpreter script.
6158 For further info, see
6159 http://homepages.cwi.nl/~aeb/std/hashexclam-1.html
6160 http://www.in-ulm.de/~mascheck/various/shebang/
6162 Added text noting that FD_CLOEXEC causes record locks to be
6165 Mention effect of MS_NOSUID mount(2) flag for set-user-ID
6168 Expanded description of handling of file descriptors during
6169 execve(), adding text to note that descriptors 0, 1, and 2
6170 may be treated specially.
6174 Added SEE ALSO ref to new euidaccess.3 page.
6178 Place MAP_* flags list in alphabetical order.
6182 A fairly substantial rewrite, which among other things
6183 fixes the problem reported by Kyle Sluder in
6184 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8399
6185 And added some example code.
6189 Added text referring to the discussion of async-signal-safe
6190 functions in signal(7).
6191 A few other minor formatting and wording changes.
6195 Moved the discussion of async-signal-safe functions to signal(7).
6196 Added text referring to the discussion of async-signal-safe
6197 functions in signal(7).
6198 Added SEE ALSO entries referring to new bsd_signal.3 and
6199 sysv_signal.3 pages.
6203 Clarify discussion of negative zero.
6207 Add SEE ALSO ref to new getsubopt.3.
6211 Describe the glibc/libiconv //TRANSLIT and //IGNORE extensions
6216 Update CONFORMING TO; iswblank() is in POSIX.1-2001.
6220 Definitions for IN_DONT_FOLLOW, IN_MASK_ADD, and IN_ONLYDIR
6221 were added to glibc in version 2.5.
6225 Incorporated (and slightly modified) the text on
6226 async-signal-safe functions that was formerly in signal(2).
6227 Added SEE ALSO entries referring to new bsd_signal.3 and
6228 sysv_signal.3 pages.
6231 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.50 ====================
6233 Released: 2007-05-21
6238 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6239 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6241 Andreas Halter <halter@google.com>
6242 Laird Shaw <netocrat@dodo.com.au>
6243 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
6245 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6250 Most Section 1 man pages are removed
6251 mtk (with help from Mike Frysinger, Laird Shaw, Andreas Halter)
6252 Once upon time Andries added a number of Section 1 manual pages
6253 to man-pages. However, since that time, those pages have not
6254 seen much maintenance, and are not in fact distributed in most
6255 distributions. Instead most distributions supply the
6256 coreutils versions of these pages, which are currently
6257 maintained. In addition, man-pages provides the 1p pages,
6258 which document the portable subset of functionality of these
6259 commands. Since the man1 pages are mostly unneeded, and
6260 out of date, I'm removing them. The following pages disappear:
6284 The following Section 1 pages will be kept:
6291 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.51 ====================
6293 Released: 2007-05-28
6300 (Hopefully) all cross references outside a page now include a
6301 section number. This should permit better resulting output
6302 from a man2html-type conversion.
6306 Convert function formatting of the form "\fBname\fP()" to
6310 Changes to individual pages
6311 ---------------------------
6315 s/futimes/futimesat/ in .SH NAME line.
6319 Put "msgrcv" and "msgsnd" in .SH NAME line.
6323 Add "umount2" to .SH NAME line.
6327 Add "waitid" to .SH NAME line.
6331 Add "getopt_long" and "getopt_long_only" in .SH NAME line.
6335 Add "sem_timedwait" and "sem_trywait" to .SH NAME line.
6339 Add "va_start", "va_arg", "va_end", "va_copy" to .SH NAME line.
6342 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.52 ====================
6344 Released: 2007-05-29
6346 "A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by
6347 little statesmen and philosophers and divines"
6349 Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)
6351 "But damn it, these man pages are a mess!"
6357 Most of the changes below are about bringing greater consistency
6358 to manual pages, including reducing the wide range of .SH
6361 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
6366 Make 'manual' component of .TH line into the string
6367 "Linux Programmer's Manual".
6368 Reason: consistency.
6372 Changed date in .TH line into form YYYY-DD-MM.
6373 Reason: consistency.
6377 Some .SH header lines were made into .SS lines. (One of the aims
6378 here is to reduce the number of non-standard .SH lines.)
6382 Change title .SH sections named "NOTE" to "NOTES", in some cases
6383 also changing the location of the section within the page.
6384 Reason: consistency.
6388 Commented out .SH AUTHOR sections; the right place for
6389 documentation authorship sections is usually comments at the
6390 top of the page source.
6394 Changed .SH HISTORY to .SH VERSIONS.
6395 Reason: in many cases, HISTORY was being used to describe
6396 Linux/glibc version information, as was already done for
6397 VERSIONS sections in other pages.
6401 Removed HISTORY section, or moved it as a subsection or paragraphs
6402 under another section e.g., NOTES.
6403 Reason: there are too many arbitrary section (.SH) names, and
6404 a HISTORY section never was consistently used across Linux
6409 Moved SEE ALSO section to be last section on the page
6410 Reason: consistency -- and this is where SEE ALSO should be!
6414 Relocated GLIBC NOTES as subsection under NOTES
6415 Reason: reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH) names.
6419 Relocated LINUX NOTES as subsection under NOTES
6420 Reason: reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH) names.
6424 Renamed some "AVAILABILITY" sections to "VERSIONS".
6425 Reason: consistency.
6429 Renamed some "DIAGNOSTICS" sections to "RETURN VALUE".
6430 Reason: consistency.
6435 s/\.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES/.SH ENVIRONMENT/
6436 Reason: consistency.
6456 s/return 0/exit(EXIT_FAILURE)/ in main() of function example
6458 Reason: consistency.
6470 Use symbolic constants (EXIT_SUCCESS, EXIT_FAILURE) in calls
6472 Reason: consistency.
6481 Renamed RESTRICTIONS section to NOTES, or moved text in a
6482 RESTRICTIONS section under existing NOTES section.
6483 Reason: consistency, and reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH)
6487 Changes to individual pages
6488 ---------------------------
6492 s/\.SH FURTHER INFORMATION/.SH NOTES/
6496 s/\.SH WARNING/.SH NOTES/
6499 Renamed LINUX HISTORY section to LINUX NOTES, and relocated
6504 Relocated example program and made its .SH title "EXAMPLE".
6508 Move code example into its own EXAMPLE section.
6512 s/\.SH WARNING/.SH NOTES/
6516 s/\.SH "LINUX-SPECIFIC REMARKS"/.SH LINUX NOTES/
6520 Remove section about effect of fork()/exec()/exit(); shmop.2
6521 contains the same text, and it only needs to be said once.
6525 Minor rewording under DESCRIPTION.
6529 Minor wording and formatting changes.
6533 Removed statement that glibc unconditionally exposes declarations
6534 of encrypt() and setkey(), since portable applications must
6535 use <unistd.h> and define _XOPEN_SOURCE to obtain the declarations
6536 of setkey() and encrypt(). Adjusted example program accordingly.
6544 Minor wording and formatting changes.
6548 Substantial rewrite, revising and extending the discussion
6549 about desired conventions for writing pages.
6550 There will be further updates to this page in the next few
6554 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.53 ====================
6556 Released: 2007-05-30
6558 "A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by
6559 little statesmen and philosophers and divines"
6561 Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)
6563 "But damn it, these man pages are a mess!"
6571 Reordered sections to be more consistent, in some cases renaming
6572 sections or shifting paragraphs between sections.
6576 In various pages in this section, .SH headings were
6580 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.54 ====================
6582 Released: 2007-06-07
6587 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6588 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6590 Emmanuel Mogenet <emogenet@google.com>
6591 Michael Berg <michaeljberg@gmail.com>
6593 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6601 Where there is an instruction in the SYNOPSIS about linking
6602 or compiling with a certain option, the option is now
6603 marked up in italics (e.g., "\fI-lm\fP").
6607 Added page numbers to page cross references.
6611 s/manpage/man page/, for consistency.
6613 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
6622 A description of the conventions that should be followed
6623 when writing pages for the man-pages package.
6630 Already deleted most of the man1 pages previously, so
6631 this doesn't need to stay.
6635 Removed this page since it is out of date, and the proper place
6636 to go for up-to-date information is http://www.tldp.org/
6640 Reason: this was the only Section 9 page, and it is old
6641 (Linux 2.4). The man9 section never took off as an idea, and
6642 I see little point in keeping a Section 9 with just a single
6646 Changes to individual pages
6647 ---------------------------
6651 Moved some material out of here into new man-pages.7.
6655 Minor rewrites, eliminating some duplication, and removing
6660 Fix broken link path;
6661 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=425570
6665 Remove misleading text about setting O_ASYNC when calling
6666 open(); one must use fcntl() F_SETFL for this task.
6670 Converted outdated BUGS note about fdatasync() being
6671 equivalent to fsync() on Linux 2.2 into a NOTES note
6672 about this historical behavior.
6676 Small rewording to fix "fails with the error EWOULDBLOCK"
6677 rather than "returns EWOULDBLOCK".
6678 See Red Hat bug 172828.
6681 mtk, after an observation by Emmanuel Mogenet
6682 A much improved example program.
6684 Significant rewrites and additions to description.
6688 Remove text about the non-existent BSD mremap() -- too
6689 much information, in my opinion.
6693 Added ERRORS section.
6697 Moved text for "Versions and Library Support".
6701 Small rewording in RETURN VALUE section.
6705 Add EXAMPLE section with a pointer to example in mprotect.2.
6709 Fix return type in SYNOPSIS. Add RETURN VALUE section.
6713 Small rearrangement of text under NOTES.
6717 Rewrite and substantial additional text.
6721 Minor clarifications for text on execlp() and execvp(). Removed
6722 FILES section, since it provides no useful additional info.
6726 Moved link instructions from NOTES to SYNOPSIS.
6727 Added feenableexcept, fedisableexcept, fegetexcept
6732 Added 'putwc' to .SH NAME list.
6736 s/int/socklen_t/ for type of gethostbyaddr() 'len' argument,
6737 and add a few more words in NOTES about the type used here.
6741 Removed remark from NOTES about linking with -lutil; add
6742 text on that point to SYNOPSIS.
6746 Removed redundant remark from NOTES about linking with -lutil
6747 since there is text on that point under SYNOPSIS.
6751 Added SEE ALSO referring to getconf(1).
6755 Revised .SH NAME section.
6759 Minor rearrangement of order of text.
6763 s/exec()/execve(2)/ in various places.
6767 Changed "atan(1)" to "atan(1.0)" to prevent some versions of
6768 man2html(1) from mistaking that string as a page cross reference.
6772 Small restructuring to avoid 'cannot adjust line' from man(1).
6776 Removed now very out-of-date sentence about need to link shared
6781 Various text was moved out of this page into the new man-pages.7.
6785 Added SEE ALSO referring to new man-pages.7.
6789 A few changes, hopefully done right, to eliminate some
6790 errors to stderr when rendering with man(1).
6794 Shorten a line in table so it fits in 80 columns.
6795 Minor rewording under BUGS.
6799 Moved EXIT STATUS section.
6802 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.55 ====================
6804 Released: 2007-06-10
6809 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6810 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6812 Alexander Taboriskiy <alextab@math-solution.com>
6813 Joey Hess <joeyh@debian.org>
6814 John Reiser <jreiser@bitwagon.com>
6815 Julien Cristau <jcristau@debian.org>
6816 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
6817 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
6818 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
6819 Serge van den Boom <svdb@stack.nl>
6820 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
6821 Xose Vazquez Perez <xose.vazquez@gmail.com>
6823 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6843 mtk, after a note by Mike Frysinger
6844 Updated to reflect the fact that the _syscallN() macros
6849 Change reference to path_resolution.2 to path_resolution.7.
6851 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
6858 path_resolution.2 has been moved to section 7, thus path_resolution.7
6860 Reason: this is an overview page, not one describing as
6861 a specific system call.
6864 Changes to individual pages
6865 ---------------------------
6868 mtk, after a note from Xose Vazquez Perez
6869 Added pointer to Red Hat man-pages bugzilla.
6871 Added a release philosophy note on separating out big
6872 formatting changes into their own release that contains minimal
6877 Add new EXAMPLE section with pointer to example in bind.2.
6881 Added RETURN VALUE section.
6885 Expand example program, and move it to new EXAMPLE section.
6886 Added text pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6890 Convert NOTES section to CONFORMING TO and note that
6891 this call is Linux-specific.
6892 Other minor rewordings.
6896 Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6905 Small rewrite of SEE ALSO text pointing to Documentation/* in
6910 Added ERRORS heading
6915 Added an ERRORS section.
6919 Added a RETURN VALUE section.
6923 Added an ERRORS section (stating that the calls are
6928 Add SEE ALSO reference to ioctl.2.
6932 Add new EXAMPLE section with pointer to example in bind.2.
6935 Martin (Joey) Schulze
6940 Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6942 sched_get_priority_max.2
6943 sched_rr_get_interval.2
6944 sched_setscheduler.2
6951 Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6955 Added an ERRORS section (stating that the call is
6959 mtk, after a note from Alexander Taboriskiy
6960 Strengthen warning against the use of signal().
6961 Added siginterrupt(3) to SEE ALSO list.
6963 Rewrote various parts; added an ERRORS section.
6967 Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6971 Added EXAMPLE program.
6975 Converted to -man format; some rewrites; added an EXAMPLE.
6979 Improved the example program.
6983 Add text pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6987 Add example programs.
6988 Add getnameinfo() to SEE ALSO list.
6991 mtk / Serge van den Boom
6992 Clarify discussion of what happens if 'src' and 'dest' overlap.
6996 Add grep(1) to SEE ALSO list.
6999 mtk after a note from Ulrich Drepper
7000 Clarify discussion of feature test macros that are needed to
7001 expose System V and BSD versions of this function in glibc.
7005 Removed some functions that have been documented.
7008 Martin (Joey) Schulze
7009 Remove wscanf.3 from SEE ALSO list, since that page does not exist.
7013 Removed outdated note on xdm.
7014 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=418009
7015 Martin (Joey) Schulze
7016 Removed outdated note about Debian and libc5.
7019 Martin (Joey) Schulze
7020 Fix order of commands listed under 'init='.
7024 Add /media, remove /dos.
7025 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=418234
7029 Added text describing what happens when the buffer given to
7030 read(2) is too small to return information about the next event,
7031 and noting the behavior change in 2.6.21.
7035 Added text to note that ERRORS list should be in alphabetical order.
7040 Added SEE ALSO reference to groff_mdoc(7).
7044 Added EXAMPLE section with pointer to bind.2 EXAMPLE.
7048 Simplify text describing --inhibit-rpath.
7049 mtk, after a note by John Reiser
7050 Describe use of $ORIGIN in rpath.
7053 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.56 ====================
7055 Released: 2007-06-11
7062 Removed version numbers in .TH lines.
7063 Reason: these were only arbitrarily updated, and so impart no
7064 useful information. Version information goes into a
7065 VERSIONS section nowadays, and the date in the .TH line should
7066 be updated to reflect the date of the last (significant)
7069 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
7073 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.57 ====================
7075 Released: 2007-06-17
7080 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7081 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7083 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
7085 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7093 Fix section numbers in page cross references.
7096 Changes to individual pages
7097 ---------------------------
7101 Minor wording fixes.
7102 Small clarification of description of 'mode'.
7106 Small reworking of EXAMPLE program.
7110 Minor wording fixes.
7114 Added more detail on exit handlers.
7115 Minor wording fixes.
7119 Remove SEE ALSO reference to non-existent mt.4.
7122 Samuel Thibault / mtk
7123 In Linux 2.6, the 'modify_ldt_ldt_s' structure was renamed
7125 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=378668
7127 Include definition of 'user_desc' structure.
7132 Small reworking of EXAMPLE program.
7136 Removed reference to non-existent sigsend(2).
7140 Remove SEE ALSO reference to non-existent itoa.3.
7144 Removed SEE ALSO reference to non-existent time.3.
7148 Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent fcrypt.3.
7152 Small reworking of EXAMPLE program.
7156 Remove SEE ALSO reference to non-existent fclean.3.
7160 s/ttyname(0)/ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)/ in program example.
7164 s/exit(1)/exit(EXIT_FAILURE)/
7168 Correct some section numbers in page cross references.
7172 Modify requirements for example programs a little.
7176 Wrapped long source lines.
7179 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.58 ====================
7181 Released: 2007-06-24
7186 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7187 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7189 Marc Boyer <marc.boyer@enseeiht.fr>
7190 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
7192 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7198 Various pages, as detailed below
7200 Added or updated VERSIONS sections.
7224 Add SEE ALSO link to new credentials.7.
7232 An overview of Linux process identifiers (PIDs, PPIDs,
7233 PGIDS, SIDs, UIDs, GIDs).
7236 Changes to individual pages
7237 ---------------------------
7241 Added some comments to example program.
7245 VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3.
7249 Updated discussion of somaxconn limit.
7253 VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3.
7257 VERSIONS: Glibc support has been provided since version 2.2.
7261 Added VERSIONS section.
7265 Updated VERSIONS section with text on glibc support.
7269 VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3.
7273 Added VERSIONS section with info on semtimedop().
7277 VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3.
7281 VERSIONS: Supported since glibc 2.2.4.
7285 Added VERSIONS section.
7289 VERSIONS: Supported since glibc 2.2.1.
7292 mtk after a suggestion by Mike Frysinger
7293 Add text to the introductory part of DESCRIPTION, about the
7294 'size' argument of snprintf() and vsnprintf().
7298 Added VERSIONS section; rewrote info about linking with -lrt.
7302 Improve the discussion of strncat().
7306 Improve the discussion of strncpy().
7310 Added discussion of /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn.
7313 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.59 ====================
7315 Released: 2007-06-25
7320 Manual pages are now standardized on American spelling. See
7321 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_and_British_English_spelling_differences
7322 for more information on the differences. Formerly, different pages (and
7323 sometimes even a single page!) employed American and British spelling
7324 conventions; best to standardize on one spelling, and American English
7325 is the standard in Computer Science.
7327 Changes to individual pages
7328 ---------------------------
7332 Note that man-pages has now standardized on American spelling
7353 Corrected minor spelling/wording mistakes (i.e., changes
7354 independent of fixes for American spelling).
7357 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.60 ====================
7359 Released: 2007-06-25
7367 Wrapped lines in some files.
7371 Change "e.g. " to "e.g., ", or in some cases, "for example, ".
7375 Change "i.e. " to i.e., ", or in some cases, "that is, ".
7379 Removed AUTHORS section.
7381 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
7385 Changes to individual pages
7386 ---------------------------
7390 s/w.r.t/with respect to/
7394 Strengthened warning against use of AUTHORS section.
7397 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.61 ====================
7399 Released: 2007-07-01
7405 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7406 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7408 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
7409 Benno Schulenberg <bensberg@justemail.net>
7410 Florian Ernst <florian_ernst@gmx.net>
7411 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
7412 Jeff Schroeder <jeffschroeder@computer.org>
7413 Joey (Martin) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
7414 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
7415 Loïc Minier <lool@dooz.org>
7416 Michael Gehring <mg@ebfe.org>
7417 Serge van den Boom <svdb@stack.nl>
7418 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
7419 Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
7421 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7429 substitute `\\0' by '\\0'.
7433 s/`/'/ when the thing being quoted is a character.
7442 mtk after a note by Martin (Joey) Schulze
7443 Add NOTES paragraph noting that <sys/types.h> isn't required by
7444 POSIX.1-2001 or Linux, but was required on some implementations.
7457 Replace form `...' with \fI...\fP where the enclosed string
7458 is a pathname, type name, or argument name.
7462 s/process' /process's/
7472 Add section number to page cross references.
7479 Reordered .SH sections.
7486 Made CONFIG/CONFIGURING heading ==> CONFIGURATION
7502 Reformatted headings
7509 mtk, with input from Justin Pryzby and Stefan Puiu
7510 Documents backtrace(), backtrace_symbols(), and
7511 backtrace_symbols_fd().
7518 backtrace_symbols_fd.3
7520 Links to backtrace.3.
7527 Changes to individual pages
7528 ---------------------------
7532 Fix setting of 'prefix' macro.
7536 Fix bad text (concatenated line).
7540 Fixed description of EACCES error.
7541 Added sentence defining "current working directory".
7542 Other minor wording changes.
7546 Added SEE ALSO section.
7554 Minor wording changes.
7558 Fix small wording error.
7562 Add NOTES on what happens if gethostid() can't open /etc/hostid.
7566 Made NOTES text into a VERSIONS section, since that's what it
7571 Minor wording changes.
7575 Add semtimedop() to SEE ALSO.
7579 Minor wording changes.
7583 Rewrite to reflect the fact that the _syscallN
7584 macros are no longer available.
7588 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7592 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7596 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7600 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7604 Fix include in SYNOPSIS.
7606 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7610 Add recvmsg() and sendmsg() to SEE ALSO.
7612 Note that some architectures don't have ipc(2); instead
7613 real system calls are provided for shmctl(), semctl(), etc.
7617 Added <sys/types.h> to SYNOPSIS.
7619 sched_setscheduler.2
7621 Add NOTES para about permissions required to call
7622 sched_setscheduler() on other systems.
7626 Noted that 'timeout' can also be changed if select() is
7627 interrupted by a signal.
7631 Remove reference to _syscall0() macro.
7635 Changed text for EINVAL error.
7639 Note that some architectures don't have socketcall(2); instead
7640 real system calls are provided for socket(), bind(), etc.
7643 Ivana Varekova / mtk
7644 Update text for EPERM error describing the maximum number of
7645 swap files. (From downstream Fedora patch.)
7649 Added details about seekable files and file offset.
7650 Noted that write() may write less than 'count' bytes, and
7651 gave some examples of why this might occur.
7652 Noted what happens if write() is interrupted by a signal.
7653 Minor wording changes.
7657 Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits.
7661 Minor rewrites in code example.
7665 Make SEE ALSO refer to timegm.3
7669 Small wording change.
7673 Comment was missing closing "*/".
7677 Formatting changes, and minor rewordings.
7678 mtk, after a note by Serge van den Boom
7679 Add a comment explaining the need for the rather
7680 strange cast of the return value of dlsym().
7684 Add "isinf" to NAME section.
7692 Minor rewording, and note taht '*n* is ignored
7693 if '*lineptr' is NULL.
7696 Ivana Varekova / mtk
7697 Update description of MALLOC_CHECK_ to include description
7698 for value 3. (From downstream Fedora patch.)
7702 Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits.
7706 Minor changes to SYNOPSIS.
7708 program_invocation_name.3
7710 Shortened page title to INVOCATION_NAME.
7714 Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits.
7718 Fix duplicated word "the".
7719 (Really fix http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=412467 !)
7723 Small wording change.
7727 Added a CONFORMING TO section.
7731 Added a CONFORMING TO section.
7737 Note use of "gcc -Wno-format-y2k" to avoid the "`%c' yields only
7738 last 2 digits of year in some locales" warning.
7742 Add "strcasestr" to NAME section.
7746 Small wording change.
7752 Added a CONFORMING TO section.
7756 Small wording changes.
7760 Remove erroneous text saying that glibc does not provide
7761 <ulimit.h>; it does.
7765 Various reformattings.
7769 Added a sentence noting why core dumps named "core.PID" were useful
7774 Fix capitalization in .SS headings.
7780 feature_test_macros.7
7782 Added SEE ALSO section.
7786 Reformatted headings; minor rewrites.
7790 Reformatted headings; minor rewrites.
7793 Loïc Minier <lool@dooz.org>
7794 Document argument type for SO_REUSEADDR.
7795 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=255881
7799 Wrap long line in SYNOPSIS.
7803 Added SEE ALSO section.
7806 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.62 ====================
7808 Released: 2007-07-09
7810 This release consists solely of formatting fixes. There are no changes
7816 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7817 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7819 Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
7821 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7829 Many many formatting fixes.
7833 Add section number to .TH line for POSIX pages in man[013]p.
7836 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.63 ====================
7838 Released: 2007-07-16
7844 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7845 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7847 Arnd Bergmann <arndb@de.ibm.com>
7848 Eduardo M. Fleury <efleury@br.ibm.com>
7849 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
7850 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
7851 Marc Boyer <marc.boyer@enseeiht.fr>
7852 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
7853 Martin Röhricht <martin@roehricht.info>
7854 Patrick Mansfield <patmans@us.ibm.com>
7855 Pierre Habouzit <madcoder@debian.org>
7856 Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
7858 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7878 Minor wording changes.
7884 Added SEE ALSO reference to syscalls.2.
7892 A real man page for sgetmask(2) and ssetmask(2).
7893 (This page replaces a previous link of the same name, which
7894 linked to signal.2.)
7897 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk
7898 Document the PowerPC SPU spu_create() system call.
7899 (Originally taken from the kernel source file
7900 Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.)
7903 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk
7904 Document the PowerPC SPU spu_run() system call.
7905 (Originally taken from the kernel source file
7906 Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.)
7909 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk
7910 Document the PowerPC SPU file system.
7911 (Originally taken from the kernel source file
7912 Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.)
7920 This file was created by accident in 2.61, as a copy of clone.2.
7921 (it should have been a link to clone.2.)
7925 Details on this page are covered in syscalls.2 and in
7926 respective syscall man pages (stat.2, uname.2).
7930 This page is very out of date, and in any case difficult
7931 to maintain. Information about undocumented system calls
7932 is maintained in the HOWTOHELP file, and probably in other
7937 This rather incomplete page seems unnecessary since there
7964 Added as link to corresponding page without "32".
7980 Added as link to corresponding page without "64".
7989 Link to getrlimit.2.
7997 Added as links to corresponding section 3 pages.
8002 Links to posix_fadvise.2.
8009 Added as link to corresponding page without "rt_" prefix.
8018 mtk / Ivana Varekova
8019 Link to unimplemented.2.
8022 Changes to individual pages
8023 ---------------------------
8027 Fairly substantial rewrites of various parts,
8028 and a few additions.
8032 Update SYNOPSIS to reflect the fact that fchmod(2) needs
8033 either "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500" or "#define _BSD_SOURCE".
8037 Update SYNOPSIS to reflect the fact that fchmod(2) and lchown(2)
8038 need either "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500" or "#define _BSD_SOURCE".
8039 Added an example program.
8043 Note that killpg() is actually a library function on Linux.
8047 Added note that glibc mmap() wrapper nowadays invokes mmap2().
8050 Ivana Varekova / mtk
8051 On most platforms the unit for 'offset' is 4096 bytes, not
8052 the system page size.
8054 Rewrote NOTES to note that glibc mmap() wrapper nowadays
8055 invokes this system call.
8057 Added an EXAMPLE program.
8063 Changed link to point to stat.2 (instead of obsolete.2).
8068 Changed link to point to uname.2 (instead of obsolete.2).
8072 Added _GNU_SOURCE to SYNOPSIS.
8076 Remove reference discussion of ipc(2), since none of the
8077 other System V IPC pages mention ipc(2).
8081 Add an example code segment.
8085 Add svipc(7) to SEE ALSO list.
8089 Reformatted tables as lists; other minor reformattings and
8094 Added info on rt_sigqueueinfo(2).
8098 Noted that sigwaitinfo() is a library function implemented on
8099 top of sigtimedwait().
8103 Make this link point to new sgetmask.2 instead of signal.2.
8107 Add notes on the different system call interfaces that
8108 have appeared over time.
8112 A fairly substantial rewrite of this page,
8113 bringining it up to date with the current
8114 kernel version, and listing all system calls
8119 Add notes on the different system call interfaces that
8120 have appeared over time.
8124 Add vserver, madvise1 to NAME line.
8125 Removed SEE ALSO reference to obsolete.2.
8127 Add tuxcall to NAME line.
8131 Fix description of return value.
8135 Minor fix to example program.
8139 Add section numbers to function names; remove some functions
8140 since they are documented.
8144 Update/correct text on /proc/malloc.
8145 mtk, after a note by Pierre Habouzit, and a few comments by Justin Pryzby
8146 Update description of /proc/PID/stat to match 2.6.21.
8147 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=417933
8151 IN_DONT_FOLLOW and IN_ONLYDIR are only available from 2.6.15.
8155 Note SIGRTMIN value depends on glibc.
8157 Various rewrites and additions to the text in real-time signals.
8158 Add SEE ALSO reference to sgetmask.2.
8162 Add ipc(2) to SEE ALSO.
8165 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.64 ====================
8167 Released: 2007-07-27
8173 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
8174 been incorporated in changes in this release:
8176 Aleksandr Koltsoff <czr@iki.fi>
8177 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
8178 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
8180 Apologies if I missed anyone!
8374 Added/updated feature test macro requirements for
8375 glibc; see feature_test_macros.7 for details.
8377 Changes to individual pages
8378 ---------------------------
8390 Fairly substantial changes and corrections, including adding
8391 coverage of all of the interfaces that get/set PGIDs.
8395 Various rewordings; clear up some imprecisions.
8399 Added 'signgam' to SYNOPSIS and NAME line.
8403 Note that the XPG version is provided since glibc 2.3.4.
8404 The page formerly said that the GNU-specific version
8405 is provided by default. That certainly isn't true
8406 nowadays, since _POSIX_C_SOURCE is set to 200112L by
8407 default, so that the XSI-compliant version is supplied
8412 Added note pointing to feature_test_macros.7 for a description
8413 of how feature test macro requirements should be specified in
8414 manual pages. Various other minor fixes and changes.
8416 feature_test_macros.7
8418 Added note about how feature test macros are specified
8420 Many other corrections, improvements, additions, and
8421 details about differences across glibc versions.
8424 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.65 ====================
8426 Released: 2007-09-17
8432 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
8433 been incorporated in changes in this release:
8435 Aleksandr Koltsoff <czr@iki.fi>
8436 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
8437 Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
8438 Ari Entlich <lmage11@twcny.rr.com>
8439 Carsten Emde <Carsten.Emde@osadl.org>
8440 François Diakhate <diakhate@enseirb.fr>
8441 Geoff Clare <gclare@gclare.org.uk>
8442 Jon Burgess <jburgess777@googlemail.com>
8443 Julien Cristau <jcristau@debian.org>
8444 Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
8445 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
8446 Maxime Bizon <mbizon@freebox.fr>
8447 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
8448 Michael Prokop <mika@grml.org>
8449 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
8450 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
8451 Nicolas George <nicolas.george@ens.fr>
8452 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
8453 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
8454 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
8455 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
8456 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
8457 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
8458 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
8459 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.org>
8461 Apologies if I missed anyone!
8467 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
8472 Use 'glibc' consistently to refer to GNU C library.
8476 Order errors under ERRORS alphabetically.
8480 Spelling and formatting fixes, as per
8481 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=439560
8492 Add "#include <stdlib.h>" (to declare exit(3)) to example program.
8500 Description of timeradd(), timersub(), timerclear(),
8501 timerisset(), timercmp() macros for operating on
8510 Somehow, over time, material on fdatasync(2) crept into
8511 fsync.2, and fdatasync also got added to the NAME section
8512 of fsync.2. All of the material in fdatasync.2 that was
8513 not already in fsync.2 has now been moved there, and
8514 the former page has been removed.
8515 In place of the content there, is now a link to fsync.2.
8525 Link to man3/clock_getres.3.
8537 Link to gethostbyaddr.3.
8544 Links to new timeradd.3.
8547 Changes to individual pages
8548 ---------------------------
8552 Make the install target of man-pages respect the standard
8553 "DESTDIR" variable as well as check the exit status of the
8554 install command so errors aren't ignored.
8558 changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" through out the
8559 descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory
8560 policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes.
8562 added requirement to link '-lnuma' to synopsis
8564 rewrite portions of description for clarification.
8566 added all errors currently returned by sys call.
8568 removed cautionary note that use of MPOL_F_NODE|MPOL_F_ADDR
8569 is not supported. This is no longer true.
8571 added mmap(2) to SEE ALSO list.
8575 Since kernel 2.6.22, Linux setitimer() now conforms to POSIX.1,
8576 giving an EINVAL error for a non-canonical tv_usec value.
8580 Replace discussion of timer* macros with a pointer
8581 to new page timeradd.3.
8585 Fixed argument type for BLKGETSIZE.
8590 changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" throughout the
8591 descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory
8592 policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes.
8594 rewrite portions of description for clarification.
8596 clarify interaction of policy with mmap()'d files and shared
8597 memory regions, including SHM_HUGE regions.
8599 defined how "empty set of nodes" specified and what this
8600 means for MPOL_PREFERRED.
8602 mention what happens if local/target node contains no
8605 clarify semantics of multiple nodes to BIND policy.
8606 Note: subject to change. We'll fix the man pages when/if
8609 added all errors currently returned by sys call.
8611 added mmap(2), shmget(2), shmat(2) to SEE ALSO list.
8616 Add text noting that PROT_WRITE may (and on x86 does)
8618 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=441387
8632 Update arches/kernel versions for PR_SET_UNALAIGN / PR_GET_UNALIGN.
8636 Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent fadvise.2.
8640 Place SYNOPSIS comments inside C comments (/* ... */).
8644 Note what thread is affected if 'pid' is specified
8645 as 0, or as the value returned by getpid().
8647 sched_setscheduler.2
8649 Add text on real-time features of mainline Linux kernel.
8653 sync SYNOPSIS with select.2
8658 changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" throughout the
8659 descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory
8660 policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes.
8662 added requirement to link '-lnuma' to synopsis
8664 rewrite portions of description for clarification.
8666 clarify interaction of policy with mmap()'d files.
8668 defined how "empty set of nodes" specified and what this
8669 means for MPOL_PREFERRED.
8671 mention what happens if local/target node contains no
8674 clarify semantics of multiple nodes to BIND policy.
8675 Note: subject to change. We'll fix the man pages when/if
8678 added all errors currently returned by sys call.
8680 added mmap(2) to SEE ALSO list.
8684 s/si_sign/si_errno/ in statement about which field is unused.
8686 s/SIGILL/SIGCHLD/ for paragraph describing SIGCHLD.
8690 Improve text describing underlying system calls.
8694 EINVAL also occurs if target path is on tmpfs or similar.
8695 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=435885
8699 Incorporated material from now deleted fdatasync.2.
8703 Small fix in example program.
8707 Improve text describing underlying system calls.
8710 Vincent Lefevre / mtk
8711 Clarify utimes() behaviour when 'times' is NULL.
8712 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=431480
8714 Other minor clarifications of description of utimes().
8718 s/sign/sign bit/ to remove ambiguity in description.
8719 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=435415
8723 Changed NOTES to VERSIONS.
8727 Add ffsl and ffsll to NAME line.
8731 Removed statement that fts functions are expected to appear
8732 soon in POSIX; it's years old and has not yet come to pass.
8736 Fixes/improvements for example program.
8740 Add getdate_r to NAME section.
8744 Fixes/improvements for example program.
8748 Add documentation for gethostbyaddr_r().
8749 Plus a few other small fixes.
8753 Add gethostbyname2, gethostbyname2_r, gethostbyname_r,
8754 gethostent_r to NAME line.
8758 Fix misnamed function references.
8762 Fix small error in example program.
8766 Add setrpcent and endrpcent to NAME line.
8770 Fix gsignal() prototype.
8774 Add hcreate_r, hdestroy_r, hsearch_r to NAME line.
8778 Correct definition of "struct in_addr".
8786 Add islessequal to NAME line.
8790 Fix CONFORMING TO section.
8791 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=417592
8795 Add log1pf and log1pl to NAME line.
8799 After a call to longjmp(), the values of modified, non-volatile
8800 variables in the function that called setjmp() are unspecified.
8804 Fix makecontext() prototype.
8808 Explain what happens for malloc(0), or calloc() where one of the
8811 Added notes on malloc()'s use of sbrk() and mmap().
8813 Add mmap(2), alloca(3) to SEE ALSO.
8823 Add "Link with -lrt." to SYNOPSIS.
8826 Ulrich Drepper; some edits and additional text by mtk
8827 Document fdopendir().
8830 mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen
8831 Document DT_* constants for d_type.
8832 Ulrich Drepper / mtk
8833 Rework discussion of non-standard structure fields.
8837 Minor improvements to example program.
8841 Add vsyslog to NAME section.
8845 Fix XCASE feature test macro description.
8849 Add return type to prototype.
8853 Improve description of num_threads field under /proc/PID/stat.
8855 Fix path error (s%proc/sys%proc/sys/kernel%) in mentions of
8856 /proc/sys/ostype, /proc/sys/osrelease and proc/sys/version.
8858 I noticed things to correct and to clarify in subsection
8859 "/proc/filesystems" of proc.5:
8860 - clarify filesystems listing: not only FS compiled
8861 into the kernel, also FS kernel modules currently loaded
8862 - add a reference to fs(5)
8863 - add an explanation for FS marked with "nodev"
8864 - s/mount(1)/mount(8)/, also corrected in section "SEE ALSO"
8865 - clarify usage by mount: the current wording may lead to
8866 think /proc/filesystems is always used by mount when no FS
8867 is specified. So, usage of "may" which IMHO is more
8868 appropriate + additional explanations
8869 In mount(8) we can see:
8871 If no -t option is given, or if the auto type is
8872 specified, mount will try to guess the desired type.
8873 If mount was compiled with the blkid library, the
8874 guessing is done by this library. Otherwise, mount
8875 guesses itself by probing the superblock; if that
8876 does not turn up anything that looks familiar,
8877 mount will try to read the file /etc/filesystems,
8878 or, if that does not exist, /proc/filesystems.
8879 All of the filesystem types listed there will be
8880 tried, except for those that are labeled "nodev"
8881 (e.g., devpts, proc and nfs). If /etc/filesystems
8882 ends in a line with a single * only, mount will
8883 read /proc/filesystems afterwards.
8885 Since linux 2.6.11, /proc/stat has an eighth value for cpu
8886 lines: stolen time, which is the time spent in other operating
8887 systems when running in a virtualized environment.
8890 Updated BUGS text referring to jiffies; refer to time.7 instead.
8894 Add words to note that file system ID is Linux specific.
8898 This is some corrections for hier.7:
8899 - missing period for /media and /mnt
8900 - /mnt description is not totally correct, it is true for some
8901 distributions but in others /mnt is used as a temporary FS
8902 mount point, as it is specified by FHS:
8903 http://www.pathname.com/fhs/pub/fhs-2.3.html#
8904 MNTMOUNTPOINTFORATEMPORARILYMOUNT
8905 - s/X-Windows/X-Window/ (3 occurrences)
8906 - section "SEE ALSO": s/mount(1)/mount(8)/
8912 mtk / Nicolas François
8913 Nowadays tmac.XXX are called XXX.tmac.
8917 Update text about modern threading implementations
8918 (NPTL vs LinuxThreads).
8921 mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen
8922 Clarify that SO_SNDTIMEO and SO_RCVTIMEO only have effect for
8923 socket I/O calls; not for multiplexing system calls like
8924 select() and poll().
8928 Add SEE ALSO reference to new timeradd.3.
8931 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.66 ====================
8933 Released: 2007-10-01
8939 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
8940 been incorporated in changes in this release:
8942 Amit K. Arora <aarora@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
8943 David Chinner <dgc@sgi.com>
8944 Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org>
8945 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
8946 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
8947 Ollie Wild <aaw@google.com>
8948 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
8950 Apologies if I missed anyone!
8956 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
8964 David Chinner, with some input from Amit Amora and mtk
8965 Describes the fallocate() system call, new in 2.6.23.
8968 Changes to individual pages
8969 ---------------------------
8973 Add text cautioning about use of close() in
8974 multithreaded programs.
8978 Add text describing limit on total size of argv + envp,
8979 and changes that occurred with 2.6.23.
8981 Add getopt(3) to SEE ALSO list.
8984 mtk, Acked by Ulrich Drepper
8985 Added description of O_CLOEXEC (new in 2.6.23) + other
8986 minor fixes for O_DIRECT.
8990 Added description of MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC (new in 2.6.23).
8994 Strengthened the warning against using this system call
8995 and note that it may disappear in a future kernel version.
8999 Fix type definition for 'protocol' in prototypes of pmap_set()
9003 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.67 ====================
9005 Released: 2007-10-08
9011 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9012 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9014 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
9015 Andrew Josey <a.josey@opengroup.org>
9016 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
9018 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9026 mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen and consultation with Andrew Josey.
9027 Add a PROLOG section:
9028 This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.
9029 The Linux implementation of this interface may differ
9030 (consult the corresponding Linux manual page for details
9031 of Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented
9038 Some formatting fixes, mostly to get rid of unwanted
9039 spaces before "," in formatted output.
9044 Change all occurrences of my email address in man-pages source
9045 to my new gmail address.
9049 I noticed useless use of macros with alternating formatting
9050 (".IR" instead ".I" which suffices, ".BR" instead ".B", etc.)
9051 because there is only one element. For example in ldconfig.8:
9056 This is not very important, it only makes the sources more tidy.
9057 To find these I used:
9059 egrep '^\.(B[RI]|R[IB]|I[RB]) ([^ ]+|\"[^\"]\+\")$'
9061 And if you want to make these changes, you can use:
9063 sed 's/^\(\.[BRI]\)[BRI]\( \([^ ]\+\|\"[^\"]\+\"\)\)$/\1\2/g'
9066 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.68 ====================
9068 Released: 2007-11-19
9074 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9075 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9077 A. Costa <agcosta@gis.net>
9078 Andrew McDonald <andrew@mcdonald.org.uk>
9079 Geoff Clare <gclare@gclare.org.uk>
9080 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.cs.tut.fi>
9081 Hyokyong Kim <hyokyong@ppj.kr>
9082 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
9083 Justin Pryzby <jpryzby+d@quoininc.com>
9084 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
9085 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
9086 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
9087 Pádraig Brady <P@draigBrady.com>
9088 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
9089 Timo Juhani Lindfors <timo.lindfors@iki.fi>
9090 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
9092 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9110 mtk, after http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=445436
9111 by Timo Juhani Lindfors
9112 Added <fcntl.h> to SYNOPSIS.
9114 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9122 Created as a new page, by taking the content specific to
9123 the _syscall() macros from intro(2).
9126 Changes to individual pages
9127 ---------------------------
9133 man-pages-*-Announce
9135 Brought the info in here up to date.
9139 Added intro paragraph about section, plus a paragraph
9140 about exit status values.
9141 Move "user intro" text to NOTES.
9145 Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically
9149 Pretty much a complete rewrite, covering some additional topics.
9150 Moved _syscallN() material to new _syscall(2) page.
9154 Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically
9158 Fix syntax error in example program.
9162 Linux 2.6.22 added support on Alpha for PR_SET_UNALIGN.
9165 Nicolas François / mtk
9166 s/PTRACE_POKEUSR/PTRACE_POKEUSER/
9167 s/PTRACE_PEEKUSR/PTRACE_PEEKUSER/
9171 Add text describing timerfd EINVAL error for read(2).
9175 Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically
9179 Added _syscall(2) and intro(2) to SEE ALSO section.
9183 Added fallocate(2); removed timerfd(2).
9187 Removed reference to example in intro(2).
9191 Added "Link with -ldl." to SYNOPSIS.
9194 Ulrich Drepper / mtk
9195 Remove references to getipnodebyname.3 and getipnodebyaddr.3.
9198 mtk / Ulrich Drepper
9199 Remove SEE ALSO references to getipnodebyname.3 and
9202 Pádraig Brady / mtk / Ulrich Drepper
9203 Point out that the functions described on this page
9204 are made obsolete by getadrinfo(3) and getnameinfo(3).
9208 Clarify that glibc does not implement these functions.
9211 Ulrich Drepper / mtk
9212 Fix description of GLOB_ONLYDIR.
9214 Added description of GLOB_TILDE_NOMATCH.
9215 Expanded the description of various flags.
9216 Various wording fixes..
9220 Pretty much a complete rewrite, covering some additional topics.
9224 Add SEE ALSO referring to fallocate.2.
9228 Add some arg declarations to prototypes; fixe typos.
9232 Fix text in BUGS section.
9236 The sigset() bugs were fixed in glibc 2.5.
9237 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=1951
9245 Various small corrections, formattings and modifications.
9250 - new p_flag: PT_GNU_STACK
9251 - new sections: .gnu.version .gnu.version_d .gnu.version_r
9253 - new structures: ElfN_Verdef ElfN_Verdaux ElfN_Verneed
9261 Ivana Varekova / mtk
9262 Add text noting that since kernel 2.6.16, /proc/slabinfo is
9263 only available if CONFIG_SLAB is enabled.
9265 Update description of /proc/pci.
9267 Give italic formatting to file names in proc.5.
9269 The display type of the /proc/PID/stat fields changed
9270 %lu to %u in Linux 2.6.22:
9276 Ivana Varekova / mtk
9277 Add text noting that since kernel 2.6.16, /proc/slabinfo is
9278 only available if CONFIG_SLAB is enabled.
9286 Update references to files in kernel "Documentation" directory.
9294 Fix description of IPV6_ROUTER_ALERT option.
9298 Note online location of C99 standard.
9302 Some rewrites, plus new paragraph on exit status values.
9305 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.69 ====================
9307 Released: 2007-12-03
9313 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9314 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9316 Adam Borowski <kilobyte@angband.pl>
9317 Alain PORTAL <alain.portal@free.fr>
9318 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
9319 J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
9320 David Härdeman <david@hardeman.nu>
9321 Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
9322 Luke Browning <lukebr@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
9323 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
9324 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
9325 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
9326 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
9327 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
9329 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9337 Many whitespace clean-ups in formatted output.
9344 David Härdeman / mtk
9345 Rename error handling function in example program
9346 (s/die/handle_error/).
9348 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9357 The content of these files is now available in HTML format.
9367 Changes to individual pages
9368 ---------------------------
9372 Added "Linux User's Manual" to .TH line.
9376 Remove outdated text about pointer blocks for syscalls that have
9377 more than 5 arguments.
9381 Add warning that mandatory locking is unreliable.
9383 Clarify details in description of file leases.
9384 J. Bruce Fields / mtk
9385 Minor wording edits.
9387 Add F_GETLEASE under RETURN VALUE.
9391 Handle errors using a custom handle_error() macro.
9393 sched_setscheduler.2
9395 Add BUGS text noting that the return value from Linux
9396 sched_setschuler() does not conform to POSIX.
9400 Various updates and improvements.
9402 Refinement of text describing a "gang".
9408 Various updates and improvements.
9414 Remove HISTORY section.
9418 Document 'e' (close-on-exec) option, new in glibc 2.7.
9422 Remove HISTORY section.
9425 Andries E. Brouwer / mtk
9426 Fix the discussion of stdarg macros in the description of
9427 vprintf() description.
9431 Handle errors using a custom handle_error() macro.
9435 Note that sigset_t objects must be initialized
9436 with sigemptyset() or sigfillset() before the other
9437 macros are employed.
9440 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
9441 Added cfsetspeed() to SYNOPSIS. Added text under CONFORMING TO
9442 noting that cfsetspeed() is BSD specific.
9446 Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since
9447 that is the manual page more likely to be found on current
9448 systems. (Completes changes that were made in man-pages-2.44.)
9451 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
9452 Move "Configuration" section to top of page (like other
9453 section 4 pages) and make it a .SH section.
9457 Re-ordered CONFIGURATION section to go before DESCRIPTION.
9461 Fix reference to kernel Documentation file.
9465 Renamed HISTORY section to NOTES, and removed BSD specific info.
9469 Mention grub(8) in same sentence as lilo(8).
9471 Improve description of /proc/sys/abi and
9472 /proc/sys/kernel/modprobe.
9476 Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since
9477 that is the manual page more likely to be found on current
9478 systems. (Completes changes that were made in man-pages-2.44.)
9482 Reverse the 2.68 change applied by mtk in response to
9483 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=445085
9484 that replaced "Sorbian" with "Serbian".
9485 (Sorbian is a language of 50000 people in Brandenburg.)
9489 Added CONFIGURATION to list of "standard" section names.
9493 Various updates and improvements.
9499 Fix reference to kernel Documentation file.
9502 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.70 ====================
9504 Released: 2007-12-06
9512 Remove section numbers for page references where the
9513 reference refers to the page itself. (This stops man2html
9514 producing links from a page back to itself.)
9516 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9519 Changes to individual pages
9520 ---------------------------
9524 Add CONFORMING TO section.
9528 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9532 Add CONFORMING TO section.
9536 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entries.
9540 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9544 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9545 Add SEE ALSO referring to vmsplice(2).
9549 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9550 Add SEE ALSO referring to ccos(3).
9554 Add gethostbyaddr_r to NAME section.
9558 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9569 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.71 ====================
9571 Released: 2007-12-14
9577 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9578 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9580 Alain PORTAL <alain.portal@free.fr>
9581 John Sigler <linux.kernel@free.fr>
9582 Josh Triplett <josh@freedesktop.org>
9583 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
9584 Pascal MALAISE <malaise@magic.fr>
9585 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
9587 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9603 Replaced the use of mdoc macros on these pagess with man
9604 macros. The only pages in man-pages that still use
9605 mdoc macros are mdoc.7 and mdoc.samples.7.
9607 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9615 This information is now on the website.
9618 Changes to individual pages
9619 ---------------------------
9623 Reformat various change log entries to use a consistent format.
9624 Expand Debian bug report numbers to be URLs.
9625 Other minor tidy-ups.
9629 Document the F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC operation, which is
9630 new in kernel 2.6.24.
9634 Fix incorrect path for somaxconn.
9638 Add ENOENT error to ERRORS.
9642 Add documentation of _SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF and _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN.
9646 Add tty_ioctl(4) to SEE ALSO list.
9649 Pascal MALAISE <malaise@magic.fr>
9650 Separate text on back regerences from that describing basic regexps,
9651 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=379829.
9653 Remove crufty text about word boundaries.