1 The following are changes in previous 2.xx man page releases.
3 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.00 ====================
10 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
11 been incorporated in changes in this release:
13 Alberto Bertogli <albertogli@telpin.com.ar>
14 Anand Kumria <wildfire@progsoc.org>
15 Andrey Kiselev <dron@ak4719.spb.edu>
16 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
17 Chris Green <cmg@dok.org>
18 Branden Robinson <branden@debian.org>
19 Emmanuel Colbus <emmanuel.colbus@ensimag.imag.fr>
20 Enrico Zini <enrico@debian.org>
21 Eric Estievenart <eric.estievenart@free.fr>
22 Fabian Kreutz <kreutz@dbs.uni-hannover.de>
23 Florian Weimer <fw@deneb.enyo.de>
24 Jan Kuznik <kuznik@gepro.cz>
25 Joey (Martin) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
26 Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.de>
27 John V. Belmonte <jbelmonte@debian.org>
28 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
29 Luis Javier Merino Morán <ljmerino@pandasoftware.es>
30 Martin Pool <mbp@sourcefrog.net>
31 Richard Kreckel <Richard.Kreckel@ginac.de>
32 Vasya Pupkin <ptushnik@gmail.com>
34 Apologies if I missed anyone!
39 Many math pages had their synopses compressed, as per suggestion
42 Many minor content and formatting bug fixes were made to the math
43 pages, following suggestions from Fabian Kreutz (who recently
44 translated many of the 1.70 math pages into German) and
47 For consistency, all instances "super-user" were changed to the more
50 After a note from Vasya Pupkin, I added <errno.h> to the SYNOPSIS
51 of several Section 2 pages using the _syscallN() macros.
54 -- erroneous semicolons at the end of _syscallN() were removed
57 -- types such as "uint" in syscallN() declarations were changed
58 to "unsigned int", etc.
60 -- various other minor breakages in the synopses were fixed.
62 The affected pages are:
76 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
79 Changes to individual pages
80 ---------------------------
84 Added 'const' to declaration of 'my_addr' in prototype.
85 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=239762
89 Added O_NOATIME to list of flags that can be changed via F_SETFL.
91 Noted F_GETOWN bug after suggestion from aeb.
93 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=108380640603164&w=2
97 Material on getrusage.2 has been separated out into its own page.
98 Rewrote discussion on RLIMIT_MEMLOCK to incorporate kernel
100 Added note on RLIMIT_CPU error in older kernels.
101 Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING
102 Also made a few other minor changes.
106 This page is new(ish) -- it was created by splitting
109 Repaired note on SIGCHLD behaviour to note that the
110 POSIX non-conformance has been fixed in 2.6.9.
113 Modified after suggestion from Emmanuel Colbus
114 Changed wording of sentence under NOTES describing
115 when signals can be sent to init.
117 mlock.2, munlock.2, mlockall.2, munlockall.2
118 These have been consolidated into a single mlock.2 page.
119 In the process, much duplication was eliminated
120 and new information was added about RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
121 and the changes in memory locking in kernel 2.6.9,
125 Added cross-ref to setrlimit(2) concerning memory locking limits.
127 Note that MAP_FIXED replaces existing mappings
131 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
132 Added msqid_ds and ipc_perm structure definitions.
136 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
137 Added notes on /proc files.
141 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
142 Added notes on /proc files.
146 Added O_NOATIME (new in Linux 2.6.8)
148 Reordered list of 'flags' description alphabetically
151 2004-11-03 applied patch from Martin Schulze
155 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
157 Added semid_ds and ipc_perm structure definitions.
161 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
162 Added notes on /proc files.
163 Rewrote BUGS note about semget()'s failure to initialise
168 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
169 Added notes on /proc files.
173 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
174 Updated shmid_ds structure definitions.
175 Added information on SHM_DEST and SHM_LOCKED flags.
176 Noted that CAP_IPC_LOCK is not required for SHM_UNLOCK
178 Added notes on 2.6.9 RLIMIT_MEMLOCK changes.
179 Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING (new in Linux 2.6.8)
183 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
184 Added notes on /proc files.
188 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
189 Changed wording and placement of sentence regarding attachment
190 of segments marked for destruction.
194 Added mention of SIGCONT under SA_NOCLDSTOP.
196 Updated discussion for POSIX.1-2001 and SIGCHLD and sa_flags.
197 Noted that CLD_CONTINUED is supported since Linux 2.6.9.
198 Added SI_TKILL (new in Linux 2.4.19).
203 Removed text on ignoring SIGCHLD; replaced with pointer
207 After bug report from Andrey Kiselev
208 Fixed prototype: "timeout" --> "*timeout"
209 as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=222145
213 Added text to clarify that S_IS*() macros should be applied to
215 as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=249698
218 After bug report from Anand Kumria
219 Added "no swap space signature" to EINVAL error
220 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi
222 Added EINVAL error for swapoff() ("not currently a swap area").
223 Added EBUSY error for swapon().
224 A few formatting fixes.
228 In Linux 2.6, the return value of times changed; it is no
229 longer time since boot, but rather:
231 boot_time + 2^32 / HZ - 300
233 Repaired note on SIGCHLD behaviour to note that the
234 POSIX non-conformance has been fixed in 2.6.9.
235 Some formatting fixes.
238 After bug report from Johannes Berg
243 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=220741
248 Added WCONTINUED and WIFCONTINUED (new in 2.6.10).
249 Added text on SA_NOCLDSTOP.
250 Updated discussion of SA_NOCLDWAIT to reflect 2.6 behaviour.
251 Much other text rewritten.
255 Rewrote this page, removing much duplicated information,
256 and replacing with pointers to wait.2.
257 Luis Javier Merino Morán / mtk
258 CONFORMING TO said "SVr4, POSIX". Changed to "4.3BSD"
265 After bug report from Branden Robinson
266 The assert() failure message goes to stderr not stdout.
267 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=284814
271 Noted that 0 in tm_mday is interpreted to mean the last day
272 of the preceding month.
275 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=229618
276 getnameinfo() does not set errno, it returns a non-zero
277 value indicating the error.
279 added EAI_OVERFLOW error
283 Minor changes to SEE ALSO and CONFORMING TO.
287 New page by Andries Brouwer
291 Change "NULL" to "empty" when talking about the value of TZ.
292 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=601
295 After bug report from Jan Kuznik
296 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=205736
297 Fixed bad realloc() use in snprintf() example
301 Added discussion of resolved_path == NULL.
304 After bug report from John V. Belmonte
305 Updated init and quit scripts to reflect kernel 2.4/2.6 reality
306 (Scripts taken from drivers/char/random.c)
307 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=247779
311 Updated description of /proc/loadavg to include
312 nr_running(), nr_threads, last_pid.
314 rtsig-max and rtsig-nr went away in 2.6.8
316 updated statm, and fixed error in order of list
319 applied patch from Martin Schulze
323 Added O_NOATIME for CAP_FOWNER
326 Karel Kulhavy and AEB
327 formatting fix after note from Karel Kulhavy and AEB, plus a
332 /proc/sys/kernel/rtsig-* were superseded by RLIMIT_SIGPENDING
337 Updated details of interaction of TCP_CORK and TCP_NODELAY.
339 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.01 ====================
346 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
347 been incorporated in changes in this release:
349 Carsten Hey <c.hey@web.de>
350 Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.de>
351 Joshua Kwan <joshk@triplehelix.org>
352 Marek Habersack <grendel@debian.org>
353 Martin Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
354 Matthew Dempsky <jivera@flame.org>
355 Matthew Gregan <kinetik@orcon.net.nz>
356 Pedro Zorzenon Neto <pzn@terra.com.br>
357 Tony Crawford <tony@klosterdorf.de>
359 Apologies if I missed anyone!
365 triggered by http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=283179
366 The wording describing how errno is set was fixed up in the
381 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
384 Changes to individual pages
385 ---------------------------
389 Adjusted descriptions of argument file types to be closer to
391 Wording and formatting changes
396 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=270817
397 Formulae on the pages should be T = S / C not T = C / S.
401 Removed errno declaration from prototype, added notes
402 on historical need for this declaration.
403 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=174175
406 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=224953
407 Changed erroneous "aio_return(2)" to "aio_return(3)"
415 Added description of ptsname_r().
420 New link to ptsname.3.
424 add <fcntl.h> to synopsis
425 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=271243
428 Marek Habersack <grendel@debian.org>
432 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=234443
436 Added _GNU_SOURCE to prototype
437 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=213538
441 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=276248
443 Changed range for "%S" from 0..61 to 0..60.
445 SUSv3 says 0..60. I think the manual page probably says
446 0..61, because that's what SUSv2 said.
447 (Some other implementations' man pages also say 0..61 --
448 e.g., Solaris 8 & 9, Tru64 5.1B; FreeBSD 5.1 says 0..60.)
450 The glibc manual currently says 0..60.
452 Given that SUSv3 says 0..60, I've changed the
453 manual page to also say this:
455 -The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 61).
456 +The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 60).
457 +(The range is up to 60 to allow for occasional leap seconds.)
460 Johannes Berg / http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=226974
461 -.BR POSIX2_FORT_RUN " - " _SC_2_FORT_DEV
462 +.BR POSIX2_FORT_DEV " - " _SC_2_FORT_DEV
466 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=242638
467 Noted use of _XOPEN_SOURCE to get macros <sytdlib.h>
471 Changed name of argument from 'string' to 'command' (like POSIX).
473 Noted that glibc does nowadays explicitly check for the existence
474 of the shell if 'command' is NULL, rather than the older behaviour
475 of assuming the shell exists and always returning 1 if
478 Other wording and formatting clean-ups.
481 Remove some functions names that *are* documented.
484 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.02 ====================
491 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
492 been incorporated in changes in this release:
494 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
495 Branden Robinson <branden@debian.org>
496 Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
497 David Lloyd <dmlloyd@tds.net>
498 Gordon Jin <gordon.jin@intel.com>
499 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.cs.tut.fi>
500 Jamie Lokier <jamie@shareable.org>
502 Kai Makisara <Kai.Makisara@kolumbus.fi>
503 Marko Kohtala <marko.kohtala@gmail.com>
504 Martin Pool <mbp@sourcefrog.net>
505 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
506 Matthias Lang <matthias@corelatus.se>
507 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
508 Michael Mühlebach <michael@anduin.ch>
509 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
510 Sasa Stevanovic <mg94c18@alas.matf.bg.ac.yu>
511 Serguei Leontiev <leo@sai.msu.ru>
513 Apologies if I missed anyone!
518 Martin (Joey) Schulze
519 Removed SEE ALSO reference to non-existent newctime(3) from:
526 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=236884
528 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
531 Changes to individual pages
532 ---------------------------
536 Noted the PID caching behaviour of NPTL's getpid()
539 Added futex(2), set_thread_area(2), set_tid_address(2),
540 tkill(2) under SEE ALSO.
545 Improved various error descriptions.
548 David Lloyd / Mike Frysinger, Marko Kohtala
549 Added EINTR to errors.
553 Improved discussion of F_SETOWN and F_SETSIG with respect to
554 multi-threaded programs.
555 Generally cleaned up the discussion of F_SETOWN.
557 Updated CONFORMING TO to note that F_GETOWN and F_SETOWN are
562 Noted discrepancy between Linux and POSIX.1 when oldpath
564 See: http://bugs.linuxbase.org/show_bug.cgi?id=367
565 and: http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mailarchives/ag/msg08152.html
568 Clarified EXDEV error description: it isn't possible to link
569 across mount points, even if the mount points refer to the same
573 mtk, after note from Gordon Jin
577 As per message from Serguei Leontiev
578 Removed SVr2, AT&T, and BSD from CONFORMING TO, since
579 a pipe on those systems is actually bidirectional.
580 (Pipes are implemented as STREAMS on the former, and
581 sockets on the latter.)
585 Noted kernel version where posix_fadvise() appeared and
586 noted bug in handling of 'len' in kernels < 2.6.6.
590 Clarified EXDEV error description: it isn't possible to rename
591 a file across mount points, even if the mount points refer to
592 the same file system.
596 Noted kernel version numbers for semtimedop().
600 Noted MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES ceiling.
601 Added note about treatment of out-of-range tv_usec values.
604 Johan Walles, Martin (Joey) Schulze
605 Added sigqueue.2 to SEE ALSO
609 Added notes on non-standard behaviour: Linux allows 'buf' to
610 be NULL, but POSIX.1 doesn't specify this and it's non-portable.
614 Improved DESCRIPTION; clarified distinction between
619 bcopy() handles overlapping case, but memcpy() does not,
620 so for consistency memmove() should be also mentioned.
623 Martin (Joey) Schulze
624 New link to man3/getmntent.3.
627 Small wording change after suggestion from Sasa Stevanovic.
631 Created as link to strstr.3.
635 Noted that SUSv2 allowed a range of 00 to 61 for %S specifier.
639 Added description of strcasestr().
643 Improved description of read from /dev/urandom.
650 Martin Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
651 Branden Robinson <branden@debian.org>
652 Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
653 Mention the .URL macro more verbosely.
656 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.03 ====================
663 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
664 been incorporated in changes in this release:
666 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
667 Joey (Martin) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
668 Johannes Nicolai <johannes.nicolai@hpi.uni-potsdam.de>
669 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
670 Klaus Ethgen <Klaus@Ethgen.de>
671 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
672 Ross Boylan <RossBoylan@stanfordalumni.org>
673 Vincent Fourmond <vincent.fourmond@9online.fr>
675 Apologies if I missed anyone!
681 Change `ttys(4)' to `ttyS(4)' in:
682 tty.4 mouse.4 vcs.4 console_ioctl.4 console.4
684 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
687 Changes to individual pages
688 ---------------------------
692 Substantially enhanced discussion of CLONE_THREAD.
694 Added CLONE_SYSVSEM, CLONE_UNTRACED, CLONE_STOPPED.
700 Noted effect of ptracing when execing a set-UID program.
703 Johannes Nicolai / mtk
704 Noted F_SETOWN bug for socket file descriptor in Linux 2.4
707 Added text on permissions required to send signal to owner.
711 Noted that lock conversions are not atomic.
715 ru_nswap has never contained useful information.
716 Kernel 2.6.6 clarified that with a patch
717 ("[PATCH] eliminate nswap and cnswap"). See also:
718 http://www.ussg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0404.1/0720.html
722 Clarified wording of the 'pid == -1' case.
726 Added MNT_EXPIRE, plus a few other tidy-ups.
730 Added text to note that sched_setaffinity() will migrate the
731 affected process to one of the specified CPUs if necessary.
733 Added a NOTE to point out that the affinity mask is actually a
734 per-thread attribute that can be adjusted independently for
735 each thread in a thread group.
739 Noted aberrant Linux behaviour with respect to new attaches to a
740 segment that has already been marked for deletion.
742 Noted changes in permissions required for SHM_LOCK/SHM_UNLOCK.
746 Noted that the __W* flags can't be used with waitid().
750 Added _CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION and _CS_GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION.
753 Ross Boylan / Martin Schulze
754 various changes as per
755 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=304242
759 Minor changes to discussion of /proc/PID/stat signal fields.
760 Added 'rt_priority' and 'policy' to /proc/PID/stat.
764 1,$s/inherited/inheritable/g
767 Vincent Fourmond / Joey (Martin) Schulze
768 Removed discussion of `[[:<:]]' and `[[:>:]]' since they do
769 not seem to be in the glibc implementation.
770 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=295666
773 Joey (Martin) Schulze / Klaus Ethgen
774 The default zoneinfo directory is now /usr/share/zoneinfo.
775 (was: /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo)
776 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=267471
779 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.04 ====================
786 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
787 been incorporated in changes in this release:
789 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
790 Baurjan Ismagulov <ibr@ata.cs.hun.edu.tr>
791 Dave Love <d.love@dl.ac.uk>
792 Dieter Brueggemann <dieter.brueggemann@entitec.de>
793 Geoff Clare <gclare@gclare.org.uk>
794 Guido Trotter <ultrotter@debian.org>
795 kabloom <kabloom@ucdavis.edu>
796 Kevin Ryde <user42@zip.com.au>
797 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
798 Mike Furr <mfurr@debian.org>
799 Olivier Croquette <ocroquette@free.fr>
800 Olivier Guilyardi <ylf@xung.org>
801 Peter Cordes <peter@llama.nslug.ns.ca>
802 Philipp Spitzer <philipp@toastfreeware.priv.at>
803 Tanaka Akira <akr@m17n.org>
804 Thierry Excoffier <exco@bat710.univ-lyon1.fr>
805 Thomas Hood <jdthood@yahoo.co.uk>
806 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.org>
807 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
809 Apologies if I missed anyone!
814 For consistency across pages:
816 1,$s/nonzero/non-zero/g
818 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
827 An overview of the Linux implementations of POSIX threads.
830 Changes to individual pages
831 ---------------------------
835 Various minor changes
838 Mike Furr <mfurr@debian.org>
839 BUGS: In kernels < 2.6.9, EPOLL_CTL_DEL required a non-NULL
840 'event', even though this argument is ignored.
841 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306517.
845 Clarified semantics of relationship between flock() locks
846 and open file entries and file descriptors.
847 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=291121
850 Olivier Croquette, Thierry Excoffier
851 Noted the existence of the short sleep bug (up to 1 jiffy).
855 RLIMIT_RSS only has affect "in 2.4.x", not "in 2.4 and later".
859 Since Linux 2.6, the ru_nvcsw and ru_nivcsw fields are used.
863 Rewrote description of return value.
864 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=296183
868 O_DIRECT needs _GNU_SOURCE.
870 O_ASYNC works for pipes and FIFOs in Linux 2.6
875 Various minor changes
879 Various minor changes
882 mtk / Philipp Spitzer
883 Fix description of return value.
884 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=308359
888 Changed (char *) to (void *) in example.
889 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=313607
893 make log(3) SEE ALSO log1p(3)
894 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=309578
898 Fix description of RETURN VALUE for makecontext()
899 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=311800
903 Various minor changes
907 Small fix to a code example
908 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=194842.
912 When specifying resolved_path as NULL, realpath()
913 will (still) only allocate up to PATH_MAX bytes.
914 Plus other minor changes.
915 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=239424
919 The required header file for these functions on Linux is <netdb.h>
920 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=311680
924 Arg for %p is a pointer to _a pointer to_ void.
925 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=263109
929 freopen() can change the descriptors associated with
931 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=295859.
935 strerror_r(3) requires #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600
936 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=290880
940 Fix typo: "_SC_2_DEV" should be "_SC_2_C_DEV"
944 Added pointers under /proc/sys/net to tcp.7 and ip.7
948 Various wording and formatting fixes.
949 Reordered /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_* file descriptions alphabetically.
952 Dieter Brueggemann / mtk
953 Fixes to the discussion of SIOCATMARK and tcp_stdurg
955 Various wording and formatting fixes.
956 Incorporated some new /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_* file descriptions
957 from the 2.6.12 source file Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt.
960 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.05 ====================
967 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
968 been incorporated in changes in this release:
970 A Costa <agcosta@gis.net>
971 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
972 Bas Zoetekouw <bas@debian.org>
973 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
974 Delian Krustev <krustev@krustev.net>
975 Dora Anna Volgyesi <volgyesi@elte.hu>
976 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
977 Ove Kaaven <ovek@arcticnet.no>
979 Apologies if I missed anyone!
984 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
985 places. (Special thanks to A Costa.)
988 Changes to individual pages
989 ---------------------------
993 Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination
998 Clarified what type of lock close() affects.
999 Minor formatting changes.
1003 Consistent use of terms "open file description",
1004 "file status flags", and "file descriptor flags"
1005 Removed mention of lock sharing -- it was not
1007 Minor formatting fixes
1011 Consistent use of terms "open file description",
1012 "file status flags", and "file descriptor flags"
1013 Some rewriting of discussion of file descriptor flags
1014 Under F_DUPFD, replaced some text duplicated in dup.2
1015 with a cross ref to dup.2
1016 Minor wording and formatting fixes
1019 mtk / Martin (Joey) Schulze / Bas Zoetekouw
1020 The return value of isinf() changed in glibc 2.02
1021 to differentiate positive and negative infinity.
1022 See: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=285765
1027 Remove confusing text describing real and effective IDs.
1028 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=285852
1032 The short sleep bug (up to 1 jiffy) that was newly noted in
1033 man-pages-2.04 has just been fixed in 2.6.12.
1037 Changed range documented in main text from -20..20 to -20..19.
1038 Noted that the range is -20..20 on some systems.
1042 Clarification of term "open file description" along with
1043 explanation of what information it maintains.
1044 Other wording improvements
1045 Various minor wording changes
1049 Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination
1052 Noted use of atexit() for establishing function to be invoked on
1053 shared library unload.
1054 Noted that atexit()-registered functions are not invoked on
1055 abnormal termination.
1060 Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination
1063 Minor rewording and formatting changes.
1067 Added #define _BSD_SOURCE to prototype
1070 Martin (Joey) Schulze
1075 Added definition of Linux dirent structure.
1076 Some formatting cleanups.
1079 Dora Anna Volgyesi/ mtk
1080 strtold() and strtof() need _ISOC99_SOURCE or _XOPEN_SOURCE=600
1081 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=246668
1085 New link to tsearch.3
1089 Added tdestroy to .TH line
1093 Change "chown root:mem /dev/mem" to "chown root:kmem /dev/mem"
1097 Change "chown root:mem /dev/null /dev/zero" to
1098 "chown root:root /dev/null /dev/zero"
1101 Dan Jacobson / Martin (Joey) Schulze
1102 Replaced "selection(1)" by "gpm(8)" under SEE ALSO
1103 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=253515
1107 SA_SIGACTION should be SA_SIGINFO
1108 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=305369
1115 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.06 ====================
1117 Released: 2005-07-15
1122 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1123 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1125 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
1126 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1127 Bhavesh P Davda <bhavesh@avaya.com>
1128 Clau Weber <claus@jambit.com>
1129 Dov Murik <dov@dv-networks.com>
1130 David Lloyd <dlloyd@microbits.com.au>
1131 Frederik Deweerdt <frederik.deweerdt@gmail.com>
1132 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
1133 Lars Wirzenius <liw@iki.fi>
1134 Martin Pool <mbp@sourcefrog.net>
1135 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
1136 Petter Reinholdtsen <pere@hungry.com>
1137 Steven Murdoch <Steven.Murdoch@cl.cam.ac.uk>
1138 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
1140 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1145 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1148 Many uses of hyphens and dashes were corrected.
1154 canonicalize_file_name.3
1162 AFAIK, this system call has never actually done anything (other
1163 than be a stub) on any Unix.
1165 Changes to individual pages
1166 ---------------------------
1170 Various wording and formatting fixes.
1174 Minor formatting changes
1178 Various minor wording improvements; some formatting fixes
1182 Various wording and formatting fixes.
1186 s/positive/non-negative/ [for file descriptor]
1190 Documented RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE limit.
1191 RLIMIT_RSS ceased to have any effect in 2.4 in kernel 2.4.30.
1192 (It already didn't have any effect in 2.2.x and 2.6.x.)
1193 s/MADVISE_WILLNEED/MADV_WILLNEED/
1197 Removed historic comment on BSD backlog ceiling.
1198 Minor wording and formatting changes.
1202 Added BUG: in some circumstances, a process that is
1203 waiting for a semaphore to become zero is not not woken
1204 up when the value does actually reach zero.
1205 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=110260821123863&w=2
1206 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=110261701025794&w=2
1210 Various minor wording improvements
1214 Added mkdir(2) to discussion, made term "file mode creation
1216 Various, mostly small, wording changes
1220 Change description for ESTALE
1221 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=237344
1227 Added SEE ALSO putgrent(3)
1228 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=211336
1234 Lars Wirzenius / mtk
1235 Replace mention of /etc/{passwd,group} by references to
1236 "passwd/group database", and LDAP and NIS.
1237 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316117
1239 Miscellaneous wording improvements
1240 Consistent DESCRIPTION and ERRORS wording across these pages.
1244 Relocate misplaced text describing gai_strerror().
1248 s/endservent/endnetent/
1249 As per Debian Bug#316517
1252 Lars Wirzenius / mtk
1253 Replace mention of /etc/shadow by references to
1254 "shadow password database", and LDAP and NIS.
1255 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316117
1257 Miscellaneous wording improvements
1258 Consistent DESCRIPTION wording vis-a-vis getpwnam.3 etc.
1262 Fix hsearch_r() prototype
1266 Fix description of RETURN VALUE
1267 As per Debian Bug#317037
1269 various parts substantially rewritten; added description of
1270 %n$ form; various text incorporated from the GNU C library
1271 documentation ((C) The Free Software Foundation).
1275 Modified details of how user and group ownership of a new
1277 Various minor wording and formatting cleanups.
1281 tweaked the short description to include definition of 'ELF'
1282 add ELFOSABI_NONE to the ELFOSABI_ list
1283 tweak/add more machines to EM_ list for ehdr->e_machine
1284 fix indenting to be consistent
1285 tweak the display of the ELF_ST_* macros
1286 document the Elf_Dyn structure
1290 Updated discussion of /proc/stat.
1291 Added text on the /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/* files.
1295 Change protocol in UDP prototype.
1296 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=182635
1300 The first sentence under NOTES about SO_KEEPALIVE and SIGPIPE
1301 makes no grammatical sense (and possibly also no technical sense).
1302 It has been removed.
1305 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.07 ====================
1307 Released: 2005-07-19
1312 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1313 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1315 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1316 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
1318 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1323 The terms "set-user-ID" and "set-group-ID" are now used consistently
1324 (no abbreviations) across all manual pages.
1326 Consistent use of "saved set-user-ID" and "saved set-group-ID"
1327 (no more "saved user ID", "saved effective UID", saved group ID", etc.)
1329 Global fixes in textual descriptions:
1336 Consistent use of st_atime, st_ctime, st_mtime, with explanatory text,
1337 instead of atime/ctime/mtime.
1339 Classical BSD versions are now always named x.yBSD (formerly
1340 there was a mix of x.yBSD and BSD x.y).
1342 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1346 Changes to individual pages
1347 ---------------------------
1355 Improve description of st_dev and st_rdev.
1357 Various wording and formatting improvements.
1361 Some formatting fixes
1364 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.08 ====================
1366 Released: 2005-09-21
1371 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1372 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1374 Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
1375 Alain PORTAL <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
1376 Andrew Pimlott <andrew@pimlott.net>
1377 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1378 Baurzhan Ismagulov <ibr@radix50.net>
1379 Bernhard R. Link <brlink@debian.org>
1380 Bodo Stroesser <bstroesser@fujitsu-siemens.com>
1381 David N. Welton <davidw@eidetix.com>
1382 Dov Murik <dov@dv-networks.com>
1383 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.cs.tut.fi>
1384 Hasso Tepper <hasso@estpak.ee>
1385 Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>
1386 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
1387 Ludovic Courtes <ludovic.courtes@laas.fr>
1388 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
1389 Nicolas Francois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
1390 Norbert Buchmuller <norbi.spam@nix.hu>
1391 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
1392 Ramiro Aceves <ea1abz@gmail.com>
1393 Tommy Pettersson <ptp@lysator.liu.se>
1394 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
1396 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1401 RFC references are now always written as "RFC\ nnn" (not "RFC nnn" or
1404 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1408 Changes to individual pages
1409 ---------------------------
1413 To get an effect like "-h", BLOCKSIZE must start with "human",
1418 s/standard output/standard error/
1422 Fix small error in description of CLONE_PARENT_SETTID
1427 See http://lkml.org/lkml/2005/7/12/254
1431 Expanded discussion of relationship between user and kernel
1432 representations of the nice value.
1434 Added discussion of RLIMIT_NICE and a cross reference to
1435 getrlimit.2 under the description of the EACCES error.
1437 Noted 2.6.12 change in credentials checking for setpriority().
1441 Added description of RLIMIT_RTPRIO
1443 Added description of RLIMIT_NICE
1447 Noted bug in MAP_POPULATE for kernels before 2.6.7.
1451 Added _GNU_SOURCE to prototype.
1452 Rewrote description of MREMAP_MAYMOVE.
1453 Rewrote description of EAGAIN error.
1454 Added discussion of resizing of memory locks.
1455 Added entries to SEE ALSO.
1456 Some formatting fixes.
1460 Added IPC_INFO, MSG_INFO, MSG_STAT descriptions.
1464 Add to prototype: define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 199309
1465 As per Debian bug 314435
1469 Added sentence noting that range of the nice value is described
1471 Added cross-reference to setrlimit(2) for discussion on
1475 David N. Welton / Justin Pryzby / mtk
1476 Clarified the order of value and port arguments;
1477 As per Debian bug 263756
1481 Added SEE ALSO for sigsuspend.2
1482 Some formatting fixes.
1486 nfds should be prototyped as nfds_t
1487 As per Debian bug 322934
1490 Some wording and formatting improvements.
1494 Since kernel 2.6.13 PR_SET_DUMPABLE can also have the value 2.
1498 Remove misleading text describing FreeBSD's sranddev() function.
1499 As per debian bug 328629
1503 Added LINUX NOTES on trickery performed by glibc when
1504 vector size exceeds IOV_MAX.
1506 Formatting clean-ups.
1510 Added text to note that start and size are both rounded downwards.
1514 Modified discussion of privileges; added pointer to
1515 sched_setscheduler.2 for a discussion of privileges and
1518 sched_setscheduler.2
1520 Modified discussion of privileges; added discussion of RLIMIT_RTPRIO.
1524 Added IPC_INFO, SEM_INFO, SEM_STAT descriptions.
1528 Added IPC_INFO, SHM_INFO, SHM_STAT descriptions.
1532 Split sigpending(), sigprocmask(), and sigsuspend() out
1533 into separate new pages.
1538 NOTES: described SA_NODEFER / sa_mask bug which was present in
1539 all kernels up to and including 2.6.13.
1540 See http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112360948603171&w=2
1541 and http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112362164911432&w=2
1543 Subject: Signal handling possibly wrong
1544 From: Bodo Stroesser
1545 Date: 2005-08-09 17:44:06
1549 Updated SEE ALSO to reflect splitting of sigaction.2 into
1550 sigaction.2, sigsuspend.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2
1554 New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2
1555 Changed CONFORMING TO.
1559 New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2
1560 Added text on effect of NULL for 'set' argument.
1561 Added text noting effect of ignoring SIGBUS, SIGFPE, SIGILL,
1563 Noted that sigprocmask() can't be used in multithreaded process.
1564 Fixed EINVAL error diagnostic.
1565 Changed CONFORMING TO.
1569 New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2
1570 Added NOTES on usage.
1571 Added new text to DESCRIPTION.
1572 Changed CONFORMING TO.
1576 Improve st_blocks description.
1581 One has carg(z) = atan(creal(z) / cimag(z))
1583 One has tan(carg(z)) = cimag(z) / creal(z)
1585 As per Debian bug 326720
1589 s/SOL_TCP/IPPROTO_TCP/ (POSIX standard name)
1593 s/-nostartupfiles/-nostartfiles/
1597 Nowadays (since 2.3.4) glibc only sets the first ai_canonname
1598 field if AI_CANONNAME was specified (the current behavior
1599 is all that SUSv3 requires).
1603 Added descriptions of AI_ALL, AI_ADDRCONFIG, AI_V4MAPPED,
1606 Some wording and formatting fixes.
1609 Bernhard R. Link / mtk
1610 Add NOTES text describing relationship of pw_dir and HOME and
1611 pointing out that applications should preferentially
1616 Mention "little endian" and "big endian".
1617 Added note about octal and hex interpretation of
1618 numbers-and-dots notation.
1621 mtk / Ludovic Courtes
1622 Commented out references to rpc_secure(3) -- we don't currently
1623 have such a page in the man-pages set.
1624 In response to Debian bug report 325115
1628 glibc 2.3.4 fixed the "name contains '='" bug
1632 Added "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to prototype.
1635 Norbert Buchmuller / mtk
1636 Added text noting that the use or real-root-dev for changing
1637 the root device is obsolete, in favour of pivot root.
1638 (However, the page still needs to be rewritten to actually
1639 describe the pivot_root method...)
1640 As per Debian bug 323621.
1644 Improve text describing /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/* files
1646 Describe /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable (new in 2.6.13)
1648 Added placeholder mention of /proc/zoneinfo (new in 2.6.13)
1649 More needs to be said about this file
1651 Repaired earlier cut and paste mistake which resulted
1652 in part of the text of this page being duplicated.
1656 Added text on biarch details for ut_session and ut_tv.
1660 Added CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL and CAP_AUDIT_WRITE.
1663 mtk / Andrew Pimlott
1664 Add a couple of words to make it clear that port is a 16-bit number.
1665 Reformat long source lines (no text changed).
1667 s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name)
1670 Fix discussion of IPC_RECVTTL / IP_TTL
1674 Updated SEE ALSO to reflect splitting of sigaction.2 into
1675 sigaction.2, sigsuspend.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2
1679 Clarified details of use of SO_PEERCRED.
1683 s/SOL_TCP/IPPROTO_TCP/ (POSIX standard name)
1684 s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name)
1688 Added description of UDP_CORK socket option
1690 s/SOL_UDP/IPPROTO_UDP/ (POSIX standard name)
1691 s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name)
1694 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.09 ====================
1696 Released: 2005-10-13
1701 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1702 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1704 Justin Pryzby <pryzbyj@justinpryzby.com>
1705 Peter Chubb <peterc@gelato.unsw.edu.au>
1706 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
1707 Tomas Pospisek <tpo_deb@sourcepole.ch>
1708 Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
1710 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1724 Added SEE ALSO for new pty.7 page
1726 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1735 Overview of Unix 98 and BSD pseudo-terminals.
1738 Changes to individual pages
1739 ---------------------------
1743 Remove "-V" option (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1746 Peter Chubb / Trond Myklebust / mtk
1747 Since kernel 2.6.10, a read lease can only be placed on a
1748 file descriptor that is opened read-only.
1749 See the following LKML thread of Aug 2005
1750 ("fcntl(F GETLEASE) semantics??"):
1751 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112371777712197&w=2
1752 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112374818213000&w=2
1753 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112376335305284&w=2
1754 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112377294030092&w=2
1758 Add new text to ENOMEM error
1762 Added description of MREMAP_FIXED and 'new_address' argument
1764 Revised text of EINVAL error.
1767 Samuel Thibault / mtk
1768 read() can fail with EINVAL when using O_DIRECT
1770 Added open(2) to SEE ALSO
1774 s/int/size_t/ for type of 'size' argument (fix from
1775 Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1778 Samuel Thibault / mtk
1779 write() can fail with EINVAL when using O_DIRECT
1783 Fix: s/acosh/atanh/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7)
1787 Improved "a+" description (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1791 s/getrpcent/setrpcent/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1795 Removed references to fropen() and fwopen(), which are
1796 BSDisms that don't appear in glibc.
1797 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=331174
1801 Typo fix: %Ry ==> %Ey [SUSv3 mentions...] (fix from
1802 Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1806 s/network/networks/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1810 Added description of /proc/sys/vm/legacy_va_layout.
1814 Update description of SO_RCVLOWAT and SO_SNDLOWAT.
1815 (fix derived from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1818 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.10 ====================
1820 Released: 2005-10-19
1825 The changes in this release consist *solely* of formatting fixes, with
1826 the aim bringing greater consistency to the manual pages according to
1827 the following rules:
1829 -- Function name references should *always* be followed by
1830 parentheses, "()" (possibly containing a manual page section
1833 -- The parentheses following a function name should *not* be
1834 formatted. Thus, for example, instead of:
1842 Much of the change was automated using two scripts:
1843 add_parens_for_own_funcs.sh and unformat_parens.sh.
1844 For the (possible) benefit of downstream manual page maintainers and
1845 translators, I have placed these scripts in a new subdirectory 'scripts'.
1847 NOTE THE FOLLOWING POINTS WELL:
1849 -- These scripts provide a computer-assisted solution to the above
1850 two goals. However, they are not perfect, and their output should
1851 be scanned by a human. (To see what changes the two scripts
1852 *would* make, without making them, use the "-n" command line option.)
1854 -- The scripts do not fix all instances that violate the above rules:
1855 some manual fixes are required. Two further scripts are provided
1856 to help find remaining instances of function names without
1857 following "()": find_dots_no_parens.sh and find_slashes_no_parens.sh.
1859 The following changes were made:
1861 -- add_parens_for_own_funcs.sh was applied to the pages in Sections
1864 -- unformat_parens.sh was applied to pages in Sections 2, 3, 4, and 7
1865 (the only sections where such changes were required).
1867 -- further changes (not so very many) were performed by hand.
1868 (found places to fix with the assistance of find_dots_no_parens.sh
1869 and find_slashes_no_parens.sh).
1872 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.11 ====================
1874 Released: 2005-10-24
1879 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1880 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1882 Alain PORTAL <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
1884 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1889 Most instances of the constant "NULL" are not formatted (bolded) in
1890 man pages, but a few are. For consistency, formatting on "NULL" has
1891 been removed where it occurred.
1893 Many minor formatting fixes were made.
1895 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1899 Changes to individual pages
1900 ---------------------------
1904 Added EINVAL error for rlim_cur > rlim_max when calling setrlimit().
1908 Repaired discussion of capabilities and file system UID, which
1909 mistakenly had involved exec() in the discussion.
1913 Removed text saying there is no library interface. There
1918 Minor change to RETURN VALUE text.
1929 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.12 ====================
1931 Released: 2005-10-31
1936 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1937 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1939 Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
1940 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1941 Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx>
1942 herbert@gondor.apana.org.au
1943 Martin Landers <martin.landers@treibgut.net>
1944 Michael Benedict <benedict@starbak.net>
1946 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1951 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1955 Changes to individual pages
1956 ---------------------------
1960 Reworded text around PAGESIZE, noting also that
1961 sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE) can be used.
1965 Removed words "as well" (added in 2.11) from the phrase
1966 "and it gets these last five capabilities if its fsuid is 0 as well"
1967 since there are (unusual) situations in which fsuid can be 0 while
1968 the effective UID is not.
1970 Reworked (cut down) discussion of capabilities, moving part of
1971 it into capabilities.7
1975 Add text to note that setresuid() always modifies the file
1976 system UID, and setresgid() likewise always modifies the file
1981 Added (brief) description of SHM_HUGETLB.
1984 mtk / Martin Landers
1985 Noted that ss_sp is automatically aligned by the kernel.
1988 Brian M. Carlson / herbert@gondor.apana.org.au
1989 Change <netinet/in.h> to <arpa/inet.h> in prototype; add text
1990 explaining that some systems need the former header.
1991 As per Debian bug 265244
1995 Reworked part of the discussion of exec() and capabilities.
1996 Added sub-section "Effect of User ID Changes on Capabilities".
1997 Reworked discussion of CAP_SYS_ADMIN and file-max.
2000 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.13 ====================
2002 Released: 2005-11-03
2004 This release consists entirely of formatting and typographical fixes.
2009 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2012 Function and page cross references that were italicised were made bold
2013 (which is how the majority of function and page cross references
2016 Instances of things like "NULL-terminated string" were changed to
2017 "null-terminated string".
2019 Pathnames, structures, arguments, and <header-files> that were bold
2020 were changed to italics.
2022 Instances of the constant "NULL" that were bold-faced were made
2023 unformatted (which is how most instances of "NULL" were already
2027 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.14 ====================
2029 Released: 2005-11-17
2034 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2035 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2037 Angelo <ang3l0@katamail.com>
2038 Avery Pennarun <apenwarr@nit.ca>
2039 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
2040 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
2041 Stefan Brüns <stefan.bruens@rwth-aachen.de>
2042 Volker Reichelt <reichelt@igpm.rwth-aachen.de>
2044 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2049 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2057 This page is taken as is from the FreeBSD 5.4 distribution.
2058 (Not checked against Linux reality, but likely things are
2060 See also Debian bug 336875.
2062 Changes to individual pages
2063 ---------------------------
2067 Updated discussion about lack of prototype in glibc.
2071 Improved description of E2BIG error: it relates to the sum
2072 of the bytes in both environment and argument list.
2076 Clarified parts of the discussion of file leases,
2077 noting effect of open(O_NONBLOCK), interruption
2078 by signal handler, or termination by signal in
2080 In response to Debian bug 339037.
2084 Added LINUX NOTES describing nanosecond timestamps.
2087 Volker Reichelt / mtk
2088 Fixed to point out that that frexp() returns a number whose
2089 *absolute* value is >= 0.5 and < 1. Amended the example
2090 program to demonstrate this.
2093 mtk / Avery Pennarun
2094 Add EWOULDBLOCK error for file leases.
2095 In response to Debian bug 339037.
2099 Although the glibc implementation returns -1 on error (and some
2100 other man pages (e.g., the BSDs) also document that value for
2101 error returns), SUSv3 merely says "non-zero" (and this is
2102 what manual pages on many implementations also say).
2106 Formerly, the page said that all systems declare memalign() in
2107 <malloc.h>. In fact, many declare it in <stdlib.h>.
2111 Almost a complete rewrite after Angelo pointed out
2112 that the existing page was deficient.
2116 Remove SEE ALSO for non-existent scsi.4.
2120 Updated discussion of /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max.
2124 Added pthreads.7 to SEE ALSO.
2128 Fix typo: s/LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT/LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT/
2131 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.15 ====================
2133 Released: 2005-11-30
2138 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2139 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2141 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2142 James Vega <jamessan@debian.org>
2143 Malcolm Scott <mas90@io.malc.org.uk>
2144 Senthil Kumar <senthilkumar_sen@hotpop.com>
2146 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2151 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2157 sigvec.3 -- for details, see below.
2159 sigset.3 -- for details, see below.
2161 Changes to individual pages
2162 ---------------------------
2166 Added text describing the 2.6.[0-7] EPERM bug that occurred
2167 when sending signals to a process group.
2171 Noted that si_signo is unused on Linux.
2175 Added BUGS noting wrapper function problem that existed
2176 in glibc versions <= 2.2.1.
2180 Moved to section 3; see also sigpause.3 below.
2184 Added a GLIBC NOTES section describing sigisemptyset(),
2185 sigandset(), and sigorset().
2190 These pages have been deleted, and replaced by a new sigvec.3
2191 man page that more fully describes the BSD signal API.
2197 These links to the now-deleted sigblock.2 have been also been
2198 deleted. They are replaced by corresponding links in Section 3:
2199 sigmask.3, sigsetmask.3, siggetmask.3.
2203 This new page is provides a fuller description of the
2204 BSD signal API than was provided in the now-deleted sigvec.2
2212 Created as links to sigvec.3.
2216 Moved here from Section 2.
2218 Some minor wording fixes; clarified System V origins of
2219 X/Open flavour of this function.
2223 New page describing the System V signal API: sigset(), sighold(),
2224 sigrelse(), sigignore().
2228 Add further text clarifying that %+ specifier is not supported in
2231 Added GLIBC NOTES section describing optional 'flag' and 'width'
2232 components of conversion specifiers.
2233 Some wording changes to bring terminology closer to SUSv3.
2234 Added an example program.
2238 Add as new linik to vm86.2.
2242 Added a few words to reflect the fact that several of the section
2243 7 pages provide overviews of various topics.
2247 Added some SEE ALSO entries.
2251 Added text noting that select()/poll() do not respect SO_RCVLOWAT.
2255 s/tcp_socket/udp_socket/ in example
2256 Fixes Debian bug 340927
2259 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.16 ====================
2261 Released: 2005-12-02
2266 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2267 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2269 Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
2270 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2271 Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
2273 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2278 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2282 Changes to individual pages
2283 ---------------------------
2287 Added instructions for finding maintainer in Debian package.
2291 Added NOTES about INFTIM constant provided on some other
2296 The -1 error return of shmat() should be cast "(void *)".
2300 Remove junk text (actually intended as source code comment
2305 Fix a typo: s/SOCK_RAW/SOCK_PACKET/
2309 Clarification: s%SOCK_PACKET%PF_INET/SOCK_PACKET%
2312 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.17 ====================
2314 Released: 2005-12-13
2319 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2320 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2322 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
2323 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
2324 Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
2325 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
2327 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2333 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2342 New documentation for the glibc-specific fmemopen() and
2343 open_memstream(). Based on glibc info page.
2346 mtk (with prompting and suggestions for improvements by
2348 New page providing overview of pipes and FIFOs.
2351 Changes to individual pages
2352 ---------------------------
2356 Added notes on how to write example programs for manual pages.
2360 Added pointers to examples of fork() in wait.2 and pipe.2.
2364 Added an example program.
2365 Added SEE ALSO for new pipe.7 page.
2369 Added example program demonstrating use of fork() and waitpid().
2373 Delete line that should have been deleted when applying
2374 2.08 fix for this page.
2378 Rearranged EAI_* list alphabetically.
2382 Added GLIBC NOTES describing feature test macros required
2383 to expose declaration of inet_aton().
2387 New link to new fmemopen.3
2391 Added SEE ALSO for new pipe.7 page.
2395 Removed BROWSER, since it seems not in fact to be common.
2399 Added documentation of SO_TIMESTAMP.
2403 Noted 200 millisecond ceiling imposed on TCP_CORK.
2407 Rearranged options into something approximating alphabetical order.
2410 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.18 ====================
2412 Released: 2005-12-15
2417 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2418 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2420 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sf.net>
2421 Karsten Sperling <karsten.sperling@stud.uni-karlsruhe.de>
2422 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
2423 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
2424 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2426 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2432 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2436 Changes to individual pages
2437 ---------------------------
2441 Added mention of AF_INET6 address family.
2442 Added discussion of sockaddr structure and an example in the
2447 Put 'flags' list in alphabetical order.
2451 Added cross-reference from discussion of MSG_MORE to UDP_CORK
2454 Put 'flags' list in alphabetical order.
2458 Added CONFORMING TO section noting that these are
2459 non-standard BSDisms.
2463 Added SEE ALSO for err.3 (Debian bug 306867)
2466 Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk
2467 Added references to nsswitch.conf(5); remove cross references
2468 to resolv+(8). (See also Debian Bug#308397.)
2472 Added SEE ALSO for err.3 (Debian bug 306867)
2475 mtk / Martin (Joey) Schulze
2476 Remove cross references to resolv+(8); add cross references to
2477 resolv.conf(5). (See also Debian Bug#214892)
2479 Added SEE ALSO entry for resolver(5) (See Debian Bug#251122.)
2483 Rewrote and extended the discussion of the two flavours of
2484 strerror_r(), and added some additional information on
2487 Added SEE ALSO for err.3 (Debian bug 306867)
2492 Fix three typos in identifier names.
2496 The + operator should be in the list of unary operators.
2500 Small wording changes around discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT.
2501 Fixed a couple of wording errors elsewhere.
2502 Reformatted some long lines.
2505 mtk, after a note by Stefan Puiu
2506 Updated discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT.
2508 Reformatted some long lines.
2510 Noted the Linux-specific feature whereby setsockopt() doubles
2511 the value given for SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF.
2513 Noted kernel-imposed minimum values for SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF.
2516 mtk, after a note by Stefan Puiu
2517 Updated discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT.
2521 Added new (UN)SUPPORTED FEATURES section in which it is noted
2522 that Unix domain sockets do not support MSG_OOB or MSG_MORE.
2524 Noted details of SO_SNBUF and SO_RCVBUF support for
2525 Unix domain sockets.
2528 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.19 ====================
2530 Released: 2005-12-23
2535 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2536 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2538 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2539 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
2540 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2542 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2548 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2552 Changes to individual pages
2553 ---------------------------
2561 Remove text under EINVAL error: "This may change in the future:
2562 see linux/unix/sock.c for details." This behaviour has been
2563 unchanged for a long time, and seems unlikely to change.
2565 Add EADDRINUSE to errors.
2569 Add cmsg(3) to SEE ALSO.
2573 Added description of 'x' mode character (exclusive open).
2577 Some wording changes to description of pipes.
2580 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.20 ====================
2582 Released: 2006-01-03
2587 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2591 Changes to individual pages
2592 ---------------------------
2596 Added some text to explain the usual scenario in which
2597 sigaltstack() is employed.
2601 Noted that this function is available since glibc 2.2.
2609 Noted that capability bounding set appeared with kernel 2.2.11.
2624 The only changes to these pages have been for formatting:
2625 -- Structure definitions were changed to K&R style
2626 -- Some long source lines were broken to fit into ~70
2628 No changes were made to the content of these pages (yet...).
2631 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.21 ====================
2633 Released: 2006-01-16
2638 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2639 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2641 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2642 Falk Hueffner <falk@debian.org>
2643 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
2644 Senthil Kumar <senthilkumar_sen@hotpop.com>
2645 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2647 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2654 truncate.2 gethostname.2 lseek.2 listxattr.2 readlink.2
2655 sysfs.2 stat.2 ustat.2 uname.2 getdomainname.2
2656 argz_add.3 asprintf.3 confstr.3 bstring.3 bzero.3 dlopen.3 fwide.3
2657 gethostbyname.3 getline.3 getlogin.3 getnameinfo.3 getpass.3 hsearch.3
2658 perror.3 printf.3 readdir.3 scanf.3 stpcpy.3 strdup.3 strfmon.3
2659 strftime.3 string.3 strptime.3 sysconf.3 termios.3 ttyname.3
2660 dsp56k.4 tty_ioctl.4
2661 elf.5 proc.5 termcap.5
2664 Various pages use inconsistent terms for 'null byte' (which
2665 is the C99/SUSv3 term for the '\0' character).
2667 To rectify this the following changes were made in the above
2670 Replace 'zero byte' with 'null byte'.
2671 Replace 'null character' with 'null byte'.
2672 Replace 'nulls' with 'null bytes'.
2673 Replace 'NUL-terminated' by 'null-terminated'.
2674 Replace 'NUL' by 'null byte'.
2675 Replace 'terminating NUL' by 'terminating null byte'.
2676 Replace 'final NUL' by 'terminating null byte'.
2677 Replace 'NUL character' by 'null byte'.
2681 Replace "SysV"/"SYSV" by "System V".
2683 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2687 Changes to individual pages
2688 ---------------------------
2692 Noted bug that could wrongly cause EPERM in unprivileged
2693 capset() with 'pid' field == getpid().
2697 Noted that EPOLLONESHOT was added in 2.6.2.
2701 Added GLIBC NOTES describing operation of glibc's
2702 gethostname() wrapper function.
2705 mtk / Mike Frysinger
2706 Clarify relationship between mmap2(2) and mmap64(3)
2708 A few other small rewordings.
2716 Added BUG noting that O_ASYNC can't be enabled via
2717 open(): fcntl() must be used for this purpose.
2721 Relocate misplaced discussion of MSG_DONTWAIT.
2725 Rewrote discussion of dlopen() 'flag' argument;
2726 added descriptions of RTLD_NOLOAD, RTLD_DELETE,
2729 Noted use of atexit() to register a function that is
2730 automatically called when a library is unloaded.
2734 Rewrote substantial parts of the page, and relicensed under GPL.
2738 Add RETURN VALUE section.
2742 Noted historical use of <stdio.h> to declare getopt().
2746 Clarify how strcmp() should be used as the 'compar'
2747 function by providing an example.
2748 As per Debian bug 348072.
2752 Noted that /proc/mounts is pollable since kernel 2.6.15.
2754 Documented /proc/PID/task.
2756 Noted that the contents of /proc/PID/{cwd,exe,fd,root,task}
2757 are not available if the main thread has terminated.
2760 Add pointer to random(4) for description of files under
2761 /proc/sys/kernel/random.
2765 Small rewording of discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT
2766 (add cross-ref to socket(7)).
2769 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.22 ====================
2771 Released: 2006-02-02
2776 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2777 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2779 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
2780 Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
2781 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2782 Colin Tuckley <colin@tuckley.org>
2783 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2784 Thomas Hood <jdthood@yahoo.co.uk>
2785 Thorsten Kukuk <kukuk@suse.de>
2786 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
2792 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2795 Changes to individual pages
2796 ---------------------------
2800 Noted that portable applications should specify fd as -1
2801 when using MAP_ANONYMOUS.
2802 Some rewriting of description of MAP_ANONYMOUS.
2806 New link to sigreturn.2
2810 New link to sigsuspend.2
2814 Noted that waitid() does not set infop->si_uid field on
2815 most other implementations.
2819 Make clear that when calling getopt_long() and there are no
2820 short options, then 'optstring' should be "", not NULL.
2824 In glibc 2.0.92, openpty() was modified to preferably open
2825 Unix 98 ptys instead of BSD ptys.
2829 Small rewording under EXAMPLES
2834 s/string must begin/string may begin/
2838 Documented inotify files under /proc/sys/fs/inotify:
2839 max_queued_events, max_user_instances, and max_user_watches.
2842 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.23 ====================
2844 Released: 2006-02-10
2849 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2850 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2852 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
2853 Britton Leo Kerin <bkerin_rb@letterboxes.org>
2854 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
2855 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
2856 Luc Van Oostenryck <lkml@looxix.net>
2857 Kurt Wall <kwall@kurtwerks.com>
2858 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
2859 Matthias Andree <matthias.andree@gmx.de>
2860 Robert Love <rlove@rlove.org>
2861 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
2862 Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
2864 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2869 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2879 Robert Love, with some additions by mtk.
2880 New pages describing the inotify API.
2885 Andi Kleen, with additional work by mtk
2886 New pages describing the NUMA memory allocation policy API.
2887 Drawn from the set at ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/people/ak/numa.
2890 Urs Thuermann, with additional work by mtk
2891 New page describing the real-time clock driver.
2895 Overview of the inotify API.
2897 Changes to individual pages
2898 ---------------------------
2902 On x86, clone() should not be called through vsyscall,
2903 but directly through "int $0x80".
2907 Small wording changes.
2909 Added cross-ref to inotify.7 under the description of dnotify.
2912 mtk / Britton Leo Kerin
2913 Small wording change under NOTES to clarify
2914 what happens when a process sends a signal to itself.
2915 See Debian bug 350236.
2918 mtk / Matthias Andree
2919 Added BUGS txt on interaction between MCL_FUTURE and
2921 See the following LKML thread:
2922 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=113801392825023&w=2
2923 "Rationale for RLIMIT_MEMLOCK"
2926 mtk / Samuel Thibault
2927 Rewrote declaration of 'msgp' to be "void *" in response
2928 to Debian bug report 350884.
2929 Various other wording fixes.
2933 Clarify distinction between "file creation flags" and
2934 "file status flags".
2938 Add SEE ALSO for pread(2).
2939 As per Debian bug 351873.
2947 Added return types to prototypes for FD_SET(), FD_CLR(),
2948 FD_ZERO, and FD_ISSET().
2949 Other minor wording changes.
2953 Add SEE ALSO for pwrite(2).
2954 (Analogous with read.2 change above.)
2958 Add Linux specific errors to this page.
2962 Added cross-ref to locale.7 for 'struct lconv' defn.
2963 Other minor wording changes.
2964 Martin (Joey) Schulze
2965 Added SEE ALSO refs for nl_langinfo.3
2966 As per Debian bug 351831.
2970 Minor formatting & wording fixes.
2973 Martin (Joey) Schulze
2974 Added SEE ALSO refs for nl_langinfo.3
2975 As per Debian bug 351831.
2979 Migrated description of inotify files to the new inotify.7 page.
2983 Add text describing characters 001 to 037.
2984 See Debian bug 342173.
2988 Minor wording and formatting changes.
2991 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.24 ====================
2993 Released: 2006-02-17
2998 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2999 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3001 Joerg Habenicht <habenich@planetserver.com>
3002 Luc Van Oostenryck <lkml@looxix.net>
3003 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
3004 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
3006 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3017 FSF / mtk (with assistance of Luc Van Oostenryck)
3018 man-pages finally gets pages for these system calls, several
3019 of which are obsolete in Linux 2.6.
3020 Took the old GPLed pages dated 1996 and made a number of
3021 clean-ups and minor additions.
3029 Change "file name" to "filename"
3030 Change "path name" to "pathname"
3045 mtk after a suggestion from Samuel Thibault
3046 Added SEE ALSO pointers to wide character equivalent functions
3047 See Debian bug 351996.
3049 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
3053 Changes to individual pages
3054 ---------------------------
3058 Remove duplicate CLONE_STOPPED text.
3059 Commented out crufty text describing EINVAL error
3060 for the now obsolete CLONE_DETACHED flag.
3061 Under CLONE_SIGHAND, noted that 'flags' must also include
3062 CLONE_VM if CLONE_SIGHAND is specified.
3066 Under ERRORS: Separate out EAGAIN error for locking mmaped files.
3074 Documented the EAGAIN error for msgrcv().
3077 Mike Frysinger / mtk
3078 Expand explanation of FNM_PATHNAME.
3081 Joerg Habenicht / mtk
3082 Fix up discussion of EAGAIN/EACCESS errors.
3085 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.25 ====================
3087 Released: 2006-03-02
3092 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3093 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3095 James Peach <jpeach@samba.org>
3096 Krzysztof Benedyczak <golbi@mat.uni.torun.pl>
3097 Marten von Gagern <Martin.vGagern@gmx.net>
3098 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
3099 Michael Wronksi <michal.wronski@gmail.com>
3101 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3115 New pages describing POSIX message queue API.
3118 mtk, after a suggestion by James Peach
3119 New page describing posix_fallocate().
3123 New page giving overview of the POSIX message queue API.
3126 Changes to individual pages
3127 ---------------------------
3131 Add a case to the EINVAL error text.
3133 Various minor wording fixes
3134 Added SEE ALSO referring to new posix_fallocate.3.
3138 Added "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600" to prototype.
3139 Added SEE ALSO referring to new posix_fallocate.3.
3143 Migrated information on POSIX message queues to new mqueue.7 page.
3147 Fix thinko: s/assuming a non-blocking/assuming a blocking/
3150 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.26 ====================
3152 Released: 2006-03-21
3157 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3158 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3160 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
3161 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
3162 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
3163 Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com>
3164 Hasso Tepper <hasso@estpak.ee>
3165 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
3166 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
3167 Nicolas Francois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
3168 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
3169 Siward de Groot <siward@wanadoo.nl>
3170 Steve Beattie <sbeattie@suse.de>
3171 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
3173 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3190 mtk, aeb, Steve Beattie
3191 Added comment in SYNOPSIS to note that syscall(2) may be
3192 preferable over _syscallN (see intro(2)).
3194 Various minor formatting changes were done on a range of
3195 pages in Section 7. (No content was changed.)
3202 New page describing openat(2), added in kernel 2.6.16,
3203 and some notes on rationale for the at*(2) system calls.
3206 Andi Kleen, Christoph Lameter, mtk
3207 Added MPOL_MF_MOVE and MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL descriptions,
3208 from numactl-0.9.2 man page.
3209 Plus a few other smaller fixes.
3213 New page describing fexecve(3).
3217 New page describing futimes(3).
3219 Changes to individual pages
3220 ---------------------------
3224 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new fexecve.3.
3227 mtk, aeb, Steve Beattie
3228 Added some notes on syscall(2) versus _syscall.
3234 Added SEE ALSO pointing to mq_overview.7.
3238 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new openat.2.
3240 Split out part of the RETURN VALUE text into separate
3243 Modified wording referring to raw(8) to
3244 indicate that this interface is deprecated.
3248 Added discussion of ppoll(2), which is new in 2.6.16.
3257 Added text to note that although POSIX says msg_controllen
3258 should be socklen_t, glibc actually uses size_t.
3259 See Debian bug 356502 and the associated glibc bug report.
3260 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=2448.
3262 Various formatting fixes.
3266 Updated to reflect the fact that pselect() has been implemented
3267 in the kernel in 2.6.16; various other minor wording changes.
3269 pselect() prototype needs "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600".
3273 Clean up description of EEXIST error.
3278 Added a little extra text to clarify EISDIR vs EPERM.
3282 Added new SEE ALSO entry pointing to new futimes.3 page.
3286 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new fexecve.3.
3290 New link to shm_open.3 (should have been made when page
3291 was originally written).
3295 Add needed "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE".
3299 Updated to remove a few function names that are now documented.
3303 Various changes to bring this page closer to
3304 current kernel versions.
3308 Noted that glibc 2.4 is required to get glibc support
3313 Some rewording and added a few words about System V
3318 Substantial updates to various parts of this page.
3324 Updated to reflect that the NPTL limitation that only the main
3325 thread could call setsid() and setpgid() was removed in 2.6.16.
3329 Removed text implying that only in kernel 2.2 does IP_HDRINCL
3330 prevent datagrams from being fragmented.
3334 Documented SO_SNDBUFFORCE and SO_RCVBUFFORCE socket options,
3337 Placed socket options in alphabetical order.
3340 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.27 ====================
3342 Released: 2006-03-24
3347 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3348 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3350 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
3351 Charles P. Wright <cwright@cs.sunysb.edu>
3352 Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
3353 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
3354 Daniel Jacobowitz <dan@debian.org>
3355 Ingo Molnar <mingo@elet.hu>
3356 Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
3357 Janak Desai <janak@us.ibm.com>
3358 Paolo (Blaisorblade) Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
3359 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
3361 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3367 Various minor formatting changes were done on a range of
3368 pages in Section 7. (No content was changed.)
3375 mtk, with reference to documentation by Janak Desai
3376 New page describing unshare(2), added in kernel 2.6.16.
3379 Changes to individual pages
3380 ---------------------------
3386 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new unshare.2.
3390 MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL requires CAP_SYS_NICE not CAP_SYS_RESOURCE.
3394 Clarified the description of MREMAP_FIXED and restructured
3395 the text to reflect the fact that this flag is exposed
3396 by glibc since version 2.4.
3399 Chuck Ebbert, with assistance from Daniel Jacobowitz,
3400 Paolo (Blaisorblade) Giarrusso, and Charles P. Wright;
3401 after a suggestion from Heiko Carstens.
3402 Document the following ptrace requests:
3403 PTRACE_SETOPTIONS (2.4.6)
3404 plus associated flags:
3405 PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD (2.4.6)
3406 PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK (2.5.46)
3407 PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK (2.5.46)
3408 PTRACE_O_TRACECLONE (2.5.46)
3409 PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC (2.5.46)
3410 PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORKDONE (2.5.60)
3411 PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT (2.5.60)
3412 PTRACE_SETSIGINFO (2.3.99-pre6)
3413 PTRACE_GETSIGINFO (2.3.99-pre6)
3414 PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG (2.5.46)
3415 PTRACE_SYSEMU (since Linux 2.6.14)
3416 PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP (since Linux 2.6.14)
3418 sched_get_priority_max.2
3419 sched_setscheduler.2
3422 Modified to document SCHED_BATCH policy, new in kernel 2.6.16.
3424 Text describing SCHED_BATCH was added to sched_setscheduler.2,
3425 and was drawn in part from Ingo Molnar's description in the
3426 mail message containing the patch that implemented this policy.
3428 Various other minor rewordings and formatting fixes.
3431 mtk, using text from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
3432 Document /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches, new in kernel 2.6.16.
3433 mtk, using information from ChangeLog-2.6.14.
3434 Document /proc/PID/smaps, new in kernel 2.6.14.
3438 Noted affect of CAP_SYS_NICE for mbind(MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL).
3442 Kernel 2.6.16 eliminated buggy behaviour with respect to
3443 the alternate signal stack.
3446 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.28 ====================
3448 Released: 2006-03-31
3453 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3454 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3456 Aleksandr Blokhin <sass@altlinux.ru>
3457 Greg Johnson <gjohnson@lanl.gov>
3459 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3475 New pages describing the POSIX semaphores API.
3477 These pages supercede and provide a superset of the information
3478 in the glibc (3thr) "semaphores(3)" manual page.
3481 Changes to individual pages
3482 ---------------------------
3485 Aleksandr Blokhin <sass@altlinux.ru>
3490 Wrapped long lines (no content changes).
3496 Add SEE ALSO pointing to the new sem_overview.7 page.
3500 Removed SEE ALSO reference to non-existent core(5).
3503 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.29 ====================
3505 Released: 2006-04-06
3510 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3511 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3513 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
3514 Roberto Jimenoca <robertojimenoca@terra.es>
3515 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
3517 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3529 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new core.5 page.
3537 New page describing mkdirat(2), new in 2.6.16.
3541 New page describing mknodat(2), new in 2.6.16.
3545 New page describing core dump files.
3549 New page describing mkfifoat(3).
3552 Changes to individual pages
3553 ---------------------------
3558 Michael Haardt / mtk
3559 Document EINVAL error for 'len' argument < 0.
3563 Expanded discussion of mandatory locking.
3567 Added BUGS text on 2.6.x handling of RLIMIT_CPU limit
3568 of zero seconds. See
3569 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112256338703880&w=2
3573 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mkdirat.2.
3577 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mknodat.2.
3580 mtk / Roberto Jimenoca
3581 Clarified discussion of file types affected by O_NONBLOCK.
3582 See Debian bug 360243.
3586 Rewrote NOTES describing rationale for openat().
3587 Various other minor changes.
3591 Removed a misleading cross-ref to socket.2.
3595 Since 2.6.17-rc1, shmdt() gives the error EINVAL in a further
3596 circumstance: if shmaddr is not aligned on a page boundary.
3600 Remove text saying that specifying invalid flags "is likely
3601 to cause compatibility problems" since the kernel now
3602 (2.6.17-rc1) contains an explicit check for invalid bits
3603 with a consequent EINVAL error.
3607 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mkfifoat.3.
3611 Information on core_pattern and core_uses_pid has
3612 been migrated to the new core.5 page.
3616 Removed paragraph referring to obsolete ipchains / ipfw(4).
3620 Add SEE ALSO entry referring to pthreads.7.
3623 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.30 ====================
3625 Released: 2006-04-17
3630 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3631 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3633 Andre Lehovich <andrel@yahoo.com>
3634 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
3635 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
3636 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
3638 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3646 New page describing linkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3650 New page describing renameat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3654 New page describing symlinkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3658 New page describing unlinkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3661 Changes to individual pages
3662 ---------------------------
3666 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new linkat.2 page.
3670 Added SEE ALSO entries pointing to new *at.2 pages.
3674 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new renameat.2 page.
3678 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new unlinkat.2 page.
3682 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new symlinkat.2 page.
3686 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new unlinkat.2 page.
3690 Document the feature test macros required to expose various flags.
3692 Clarify 'speed' argument for cfsetispeed() text.
3694 Note that LOBLK is not implemented on Linux.
3696 Clarify arguments for cfsetspeed().
3697 Various formatting changes.
3701 Add a sentence describing the purpose of full(4).
3705 Rework text describing circumstances in which
3706 core dump files are not produced.
3708 A core dump of a multithreaded process always includes the
3709 PID in the core filename.
3711 Eliminate some accidentally duplicated text.
3714 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.31 ====================
3716 Released: 2006-05-02
3721 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3722 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3724 Joshua Kwan <joshk@triplehelix.org>
3725 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
3726 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
3727 Mark Glines <mark@glines.org>
3728 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
3729 Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
3730 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
3731 Ryan S. Arnold <rsa@us.ibm.com>
3732 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
3734 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3740 The following pages have been relocated into section 7, since
3741 that is their more natural home. SEE ALSO references in various
3742 other pages have been adjusted.
3748 environ.5 (many pages outside man-pages actually *expect*
3749 'environ' to be in Section 7.)
3750 ipc.5 renamed to svipc.7
3752 ".so" link files have been created to link the old file locations to the
3753 new file locations. These links are added just to ensure that cross
3754 references from any other (non-man-pages) pages will remain valid;
3755 eventually these links will be removed.
3763 New page for fstatat(2), new in 2.6.16.
3767 New page for adjtime(3).
3771 New page describing error() and error_at_line()
3772 Fixes Debian bug 186307.
3774 program_invocation_name.3
3776 New page describing program_invocation_name and
3777 program_invocation_short_name variables.
3781 New page for sockatmark(3).
3785 New page describing feature test macros.
3789 New page giving an overview of "time" on Linux systems.
3803 Simplified wording around requirement for _BSD_SOURCE
3814 Added SEE ALSO referring to new time.7.
3821 Add SEE ALSO referring to new error.3.
3827 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to setlocale.3.
3830 Changes to individual pages
3831 ---------------------------
3835 Remove mention of SOCK_RDM from this page, since this socket
3836 type does not support accept()ing connections.
3840 Modified text referring to adjtime(); added SEE ALSO for new
3844 mtk, after a note by Karel Kulhavy
3845 Rewrote most of the DESCRIPTION, as well as some other parts
3846 the page, to clarify use and operation of, and rationale for,
3847 fsync(2) and fdatasync(2).
3851 Updated discussion of maximum timer value to reflect the fact
3852 that the default jiffy is now 4 milliseconds.
3854 Added text to note that current incorrect behaviour of
3855 normalising tv_usec >= 1000000 will be repaired in a future
3856 kernel; applications should be fixed now.
3860 Point out more explicitly that 'tz' argument should
3863 Various other minor edits and formatting fixes.
3867 Since kernel 2.6.16, MS_NOATIME and MS_NODIRATIME are settable
3868 on a per-mount basis.
3869 Detail exactly which mount flags can be changed on MS_REMOUNT.
3873 Clarify RETURN VALUE discussion.
3877 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fstatat.2.
3879 program_invocation_short_name.3
3881 New link to new program_invocation_name.3.
3885 Added SEE ALSO for new sockatmark.3.
3888 Joshua Kwan / Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk
3889 Correct wording of EBUSY case.
3891 Add ".." case to ENOTEMPTY error
3895 Note more clearly that fd_set arguments can be NULL.
3897 Improve opening paragraph describing purpose of select().
3899 Various other minor edits and formatting fixes.
3902 mtk / Nishanth Aravamudan
3903 Add text to noting that the initial values of semaphores
3904 in a new set are indeterminate.
3908 Add text noting that contents of newly created segment are zero
3913 Noted that all threads should block signal being waited for.
3916 Nishanth Aravamudan / mtk
3917 Added NOTE that st_size is always returned as zero for most
3920 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fstatat.2.
3924 Remove bogus BUGS text.
3928 Various minor changes.
3932 Rewrote RETURN VALUE discussion.
3933 Updated CONFORMING TO.
3937 Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk
3938 Fix errors in DESCRIPTION.
3942 The range of tm_sec is 0..60 (not 0..61).
3945 error_message_count.3
3947 error_print_progname.3
3949 New links to new error.3.
3952 mtk / Ryan S. Arnold
3953 Add text noting that explicitly controlling output buffering
3954 may be useful to catch errors on output operations on an
3959 Add SEE ALSO pointing to getline.3.
3960 See Debian bug 364772.
3965 Describe correct handling of errno in order to
3966 distinguish error from success after the call.
3968 Added EXAMPLE section which points to strtol.3 which provides
3969 an example of the use of the analogous strtol(3).
3973 Add an example program.
3975 Describe correct handling or errno in order to
3976 distinguish error from success after the call.
3979 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
3980 DESCRIPTION does not need to say "temporary file name"
3981 just "temporary file", since the name is in any case
3982 unavailable to the user.
3983 See Debian bug 363518.
3986 Change /automatically deleted when the program terminates normally/
3987 to /automatically deleted when the program terminates/
3988 since deletion occurs on both normal and abnormal termination.
3992 Various wording improvements and clarifications.
3995 mtk / Ulrich Drepper
3996 Add text noting that a signal's disposition is process-wide,
3997 shared by all threads.
3999 Add text on changing signal dispositions.
4000 Add text on "signal mask and pending signals".
4005 Added SEE ALSO for new adjtime.3.
4009 Remove bogus duplicate line.
4012 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.32 ====================
4014 Released: 2006-05-13
4019 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4020 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4022 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
4023 Johannes Weiner <root@hnaz.ath.cx>
4024 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4025 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
4026 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
4027 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
4029 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4037 New page for faccessat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4041 New page for fchmodat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4045 New page for fchownat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4049 New page for futimesat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4052 Changes to individual pages
4053 ---------------------------
4057 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new faccessat.2 page.
4061 Reworded to reflect that capabilities are per-thread.
4065 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fchmodat.2 page.
4069 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fchownat.2 page.
4073 Updated discussion of MAP_NORESERVE since it is no longer
4074 restricted to MAP_PRIVATE mappings.
4075 Add reference to discussion of /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory
4080 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new faccessat.2, fchmodat.2,
4081 fchownat.2, futimesat.2 pages.
4085 Document SHM_NORESERVE flag, new in 2.6.15.
4089 Expand text noting that ftruncate()/truncate() may fail if
4090 asked to extend a file beyond its current length.
4095 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new futimesat.2 page.
4099 Document 'm' (mmap) flag.
4102 Document 'c' (notcancel) flag.
4106 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new futimesat.2 page.
4110 Add missing "const" qualifies to cast in EXAMPLE.
4112 Slight rewording of comments in EXAMPLE.
4116 Clarify meaning of IXANY.
4117 Clarify relationship of MIN with VMIN and TIME with VTIME.
4119 Noted that CIBAUD, OFDEL, and DELECHO are not implemented
4121 Added explanatory paragraph for phrases "not in POSIX" and
4126 Reworded to reflect that capabilities are per-thread.
4127 Add ioprio_set() to list of operations permitted by
4129 Add ioprio_set() IOPRIO_CLASS_RT and IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE
4130 scheduling classes to list of operations permitted by
4132 Note effects of CAP_SYS_NICE for migrate_pages().
4135 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.33 ====================
4137 Released: 2006-05-23
4142 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4143 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4145 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
4146 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4147 Martin Osvald" <martin.osvald@gmail.com>
4148 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
4150 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4156 ftm.7 renamed to the more suggestive feature_test_macros.7
4165 New page briefly describing mq_getsetattr(2), the system
4166 call that underlies mq_setattr(3) and mq_getattr(3).
4170 New page for rpmatch(3).
4173 Changes to individual pages
4174 ---------------------------
4178 Remove mention of non-standard S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC.
4179 POSIX does now document ELOOP.
4183 Remove mention of non-standard S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC.
4187 Add mincore(2) to SEE ALSO.
4188 See Debian bug 367401.
4192 Note that EINVAL can also be caused by
4193 flags == MS_SYNC | MS_ASYNC.
4197 Add CPU_ISSET, CPU_CLR, CPU_SET, CPU_ZERO to NAME section.
4201 Various minor changes.
4205 Removed much material that is redundant with select.2.
4206 Various other changes.
4210 Substantial rewrite of description of 'mask'.
4217 New links to sched_setaffinity.2
4224 New links to select.2.
4228 Add SEE also referring to ftw.3.
4232 Add SEE also referring to fts.3.
4236 Various minor clarifications.
4240 Clarify that O_EXCL is an open(2) flag.
4244 Fix prototype declaration for 'attr'.
4248 s/sigev_signal/sigev_signo/
4252 New link to mq_getattr.3.
4256 New link to mq_receive.3.
4260 New link to mq_send.3.
4264 Added SEE ALSO referring to rpmatch.3.
4270 New links to sigsetops.3.
4274 Added SEE ALSO referring to unlocked_stdio.3
4275 See Debian bug 367667.
4279 Add description of strchrnul().
4283 New link to strchr.3.
4287 Updated to remove some functions that don't exist, and
4288 therefore don't need to be documented.
4289 See Debian bug 367671.
4293 Added SEE ALSO referring to stdio.3
4294 See Debian bug 367667.
4298 Added section describing relationship between library
4299 interfaces and system calls.
4300 Added SEE ALSO referring to new mq_getsetattr.2.
4302 feature_test_macros.7
4304 Fix typo: s/_POSIX_C_SOURCE/_POSIX_SOURCE/
4307 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.34 ====================
4309 Released: 2006-06-20
4314 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4315 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4317 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho <aris@cathedrallabs.org>
4318 bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
4319 Chris Curtis <chris.curtis@riptidesoftware.com>
4320 Eduardo Madeira Fleury <efleury@br.ibm.com>
4321 Joerg Scheurich <rusmufti@helpdesk.bera.rus.uni-stuttgart.de>
4322 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sf.net>
4323 Kenichi Okuyama <okuyama.kenichi@oss.ntt.co.jp>
4324 Marc Lehmann <debian-reportbug@plan9.de>
4325 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
4326 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com
4327 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
4328 Peter Eiserloh <eiserlohpp@yahoo.com>
4329 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
4330 Thomas Dickey <dickey@radix.net>
4331 Walter Harms <wharms@bfs.de>
4333 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4343 Added header comment noting that these pages are in the public
4353 Added following to top of these pages to clarify origin and
4355 .\" This page was taken from the 4.4BSD-Lite CDROM (BSD license)
4361 Eduardo Madeira Fleury, with edits by mtk, and review by Jens Axboe
4362 New page for ioprio_get(2) and ioprio_set(2), new in 2.6.13.
4366 New page describing offsetof() macro.
4369 Changes to individual pages
4370 ---------------------------
4374 Add SEE ALSO referring to exit_group.2.
4378 Add SEE ALSO referring to acct.5.
4382 Explicitly mention term "dnotify" in discussion of F_NOTIFY.
4385 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk
4386 s/<inotify.h>/<sys/inotify.h>/ in prototypes.
4387 See Debian bug 369960.
4389 Renamed argument from 'path' to 'pathname'.
4390 Reword introductory paragraph to clarify that
4391 inotify_add_watch() may also modify an existing watch item.
4393 The EINVAL error can also occur if 'fd' is not an inotify
4396 Moved BUGS section from this page to inotify.7.
4399 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk
4400 s/<inotify.h>/<sys/inotify.h>/ in prototypes.
4401 See Debian bug 369960.
4404 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk
4405 s/<inotify.h>/<sys/inotify.h>/ in prototypes.
4406 See Debian bug 369960.
4408 The EINVAL error can also occur if 'fd' is not an inotify
4413 New link to new ioprio_set.2.
4417 Add SEE ALSO referring to remap_file_pages.2.
4421 s/MNT_FORCE/MNT_EXPIRE/ under EINVAL error.
4425 s/unsigned long flags/int flags/ in SYNOPSIS.
4429 Add SEE ALSO referring to popen.3.
4433 Add SEE ALSO referring to readahead.2.
4437 SEE ALSO for readv should refer to Section 2, not 3.
4441 Add SEE ALSO referring to posix_fadvise.2.
4445 Fix missing arguments in statement about equivalent send()
4450 Add SEE ALSO referring to tcgetsid.3.
4454 Minor wording change at start of DESCRIPTION.
4458 Add SEE ALSO referring to access.2.
4462 Relocated "Note" about f_fsid.
4466 SEE ALSO for writev should refer to Section 2, not 3.
4470 Added license statement (GPL) after consultation with
4475 Add #define _GNU_SOURCE to prototype
4479 Added note about time_t representation on other systems.
4480 Added CONFORMING TO.
4484 A fairly major revision...
4485 Document FTW_ACTIONRETVAL; include .SH "RETURN VALUE";
4486 Reorganized and rewrote much of the page
4487 Added an example program.
4491 Fixed typo in NOTES.
4496 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4500 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4504 Add documentation of %m.
4508 Added SEE ALSO referring to ftw.3.
4512 Note that these functions are obsolete in favour of regcomp(3).
4514 Add SEE ALSO referring to regcomp.3
4518 Reworded CONFORMING TO statement on scandir() and alphasort().
4522 Fix prototype for strchrnul().
4526 Add text clarifying treatment of strings starting with
4530 mtk, after comments by Justin Pryzby
4531 Add text noting the need to use open(O_EXCL).
4533 Clarify discussion of use of free(3).
4534 Various other minor changes to text and formatting.
4538 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4541 mtk, after comments by Justin Pryzby
4542 Add text noting the need to use open(O_EXCL).
4543 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4547 Remove offsetof(), which is now documented.
4551 Added SEE ALSO referring to full.4.
4555 Various improvements and corrections.
4559 Added CONFORMING TO section mentioning FreeBSD kqueue and
4562 feature_test_macros.7
4564 Added pointer to location of LFS specification.
4567 mtk, after suggestion by Joey.
4568 Added license statement to page, after discussion with
4569 original author, bert hubert.
4571 Reformat long lines; no content changes.
4575 'path' argument renamed to 'pathname'.
4576 A few minor rewordings.
4577 Added BUGS section describing a couple of bugs.
4581 Add SEE ALSO referring to byteorder.3.
4585 Add SEE ALSO referring to groff_man(7).
4589 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.35 ====================
4591 Released: 2006-07-06
4596 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4597 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4599 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4600 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
4601 Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
4602 Bauke Jan Douma <bjdouma@xs4all.nl>
4603 Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
4604 Denis Barbier <barbier@linuxfr.org>
4605 Horacio Rodriguez Montero <Horacio.Rodriguez.Montero@galinter.com.ar>
4606 Johan Lithander <johan.lithander@teligent.se>
4607 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4608 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
4609 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
4610 Thorsten Kukuk <kukuk@suse.de>
4612 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4618 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
4626 New page for sync_file_range(2), new in kernel 2.6.17.
4628 Changes to individual pages
4629 ---------------------------
4633 Noted BUG that occurs if 'delta' is specified as NULL.
4634 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6761
4638 Add EADDRNOTAVAIL error.
4640 Make example code more complete.
4643 mtk / Davide Libenzi
4644 Added EPOLLRDHUP description.
4646 Added SEE ALSO referring to poll.2.
4649 mtk / Davide Libenzi
4650 Added POLLRDHUP description.
4652 The correct header file is <poll.h>, not <sys/poll.h>.
4653 Rewrote and reformatted various other parts.
4657 Nowadays, readlink() returns 'ssize_t', as required in
4662 Added license statement.
4666 Add documentation for various new fields.
4669 Horacio Rodriguez Montero
4670 Add explanation of 'x' character in 'password' field.
4672 The proper name of "*" is "asterisk" not "star".
4676 Update RFC reference for ECN.
4678 Add sentence on "low memory" limit for tcp_mem on 32-bit systems.
4681 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.36 ====================
4683 Released: 2006-07-11
4688 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4689 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4691 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4692 Jens Axboe <jans@suse.de>
4693 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4694 Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
4696 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4701 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
4709 How to maintain man-pages.
4713 Things that it would be nice to get done for man-pages one day.
4715 scripts/FIXME_list.sh
4717 This script, intended for use by manual page maintainers,
4718 displays the FIXMEs in the manual page source files.
4720 Changes to individual pages
4721 ---------------------------
4726 Added SEE ALSO referring to sync_file_range.2.
4730 Fix description of 'offset' argument to explain the case
4731 where 'offset' is NULL.
4735 Add SEE ALSO referring to fdopen.3.
4739 Removed information about Section 3 subsections -- it doesn't
4740 reflect current reality, and probably never has.
4742 Added SEE ALSO referring to intro.2.
4746 Correction: tcp_window_scaling is ENabled by default.
4749 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.37 ====================
4751 Released: 2006-08-02
4756 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4757 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4759 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4760 Dean Gaudet <dean@arctic.org>
4761 Frank van Viegen <F.C.vanViegen@UTwente.nl>
4762 Helmut Grohne <helmut@subdivi.de>
4763 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
4764 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
4765 Ville Skyttä <ville.skytta@iki.fi>
4767 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4772 Thomas Huriaux / mtk
4774 Various formatting found as a result of reviewing the following
4777 for a in $(wc man?/*.?| awk '$1 > 2 ' | grep -v total); do
4778 echo $a; groff -Tascii -wmac -mman $a > /dev/null;
4781 See Debian Bug# 378544.
4783 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
4790 mtk (after prompting from Ivana Varekova)
4791 New page for readlinkat(2), new in kernel 2.6.16.
4793 Changes to individual pages
4794 ---------------------------
4798 Document "-u" option.
4802 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on current working directory.
4806 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on root directory.
4809 Frank van Viegen / mtk
4810 Fix description of EBADF error.
4814 Add text noting that effective IDs are copied to
4815 saved set-IDs during execve().
4816 See Debian bug 379297.
4820 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on interval tiemrs.
4824 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on resource limits.
4828 Noted effect of fork() and execve().
4832 Some rewording; included text describing required file
4837 Revised description of standards under CONFORMING TO.
4841 Point out that args following 'argc' are int.
4843 Added an example program.
4844 Various minor wording fixes.
4848 Expand description of MAP_POPULATE.
4849 mtk, after prompting by Dan Gaudet
4850 Expand description MAP_NONBLOCK.
4852 Various minor formatting fixes.
4856 Added SEE ALSO linking to readlinkat.2.
4860 Noted buggy behaviour in Linux 2.4 and earlier when
4861 nanosleep() is restarted after receiving stop+SIGCONT signals.
4865 Very minor rewording.
4869 Added SEE ALSO linking to readlinkat.2.
4871 sched_setscheduler.2
4873 Noted preservation of scheduling parameters across execve().
4877 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on process group ID.
4881 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on session ID.
4885 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on umask.
4889 Noted inheritance of registrations across fork().
4893 Added material on privileges required for move_pages().
4894 CLONE_NEWNS needs CAP_SYS_ADMIN.
4895 keyctl(KEYCTL_CHOWN) and keyctl(KEYCTL_SETPERM) require
4899 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.38 ====================
4901 Released: 2006-08-03
4906 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4907 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4909 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4911 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4916 There was a major reworking of the CONFORMING TO sections
4917 in most manual pages.
4920 * generally try to rationalise the names used for standards.
4921 The preferred names are now documented as the head words
4922 of the list in standards(7). For the future: there is
4923 probably no need to talk about anything more than
4924 C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001 (or later), xBSD, and SVr4.
4925 (In particular, I've eliminated most references to XPG
4926 and SVID, replacing them with references to SUS or SVr4.)
4928 * eliminate discussion of errors that can occur on other
4929 systems. This information exists only patchily in the
4930 manual pages, is probably of limited use, is hard to maintain,
4931 and was in some cases simply wrong (and probably always was).
4933 * Tried to ensure that those interfaces specified in C99 or
4934 POSIX.1-2001 are marked as such in their manual pages.
4942 feature_test_macros.7
4944 Added SEE ALSO referring to new standards.7.
4946 Changed instances of "HP UX" to "HP-UX".
4949 Changed instances of "DG-UX to "DG/UX"
4952 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
4960 Based on material taken from intro.2, but expanded to
4961 include discussion of many additional standards.
4963 Changes to individual pages
4964 ---------------------------
4968 Minor wording change for ENOTSOCK error.
4972 Removed information on standards to new standards.7.
4975 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.39 ====================
4977 Released: 2006-08-05
4982 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4983 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4985 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4987 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4992 Updated CONFORMING TO and/or standards references
4994 In various pages that were missed for 2.38.
4996 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
4999 Changes to individual pages
5000 ---------------------------
5005 _XOPEN_SOURCE=500 also gets fchdir() prototype.
5009 Added a few more standards, and expand some explanations.
5012 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.40 ====================
5014 Released: 2006-09-04
5019 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5020 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5022 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
5023 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
5024 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
5025 Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
5026 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
5027 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
5028 Toralf Förster <toralf.foerster@gmx.de>
5030 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5047 mtk (after a note by Alain Portal)
5048 Make naming of 'pathname' argument consistent; various
5051 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5054 Changes to individual pages
5055 ---------------------------
5059 Reinstate text on CLONE_DETACHED, and add a few words.
5063 Added list of process attributes that are not preserved on exec().
5066 mtk, after a suggestion by Christoph Hellwig
5067 Greatly expanded, to describe all attributes that differ
5068 in parent and child.
5072 Document AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW (new in 2.6.18).
5076 Memory policy is preserved across execve().
5080 SEE ALSO for writev should refer to Section 2, not 3.
5081 (i.e., really make the change that was logged in 2.34)
5084 Samuel Thibault / mtk
5085 Fix SYNOPSIS and CONFORMING TO text for getwd() and
5087 See Debian bug: 381692
5091 Document /proc/PID/auxv.
5095 Restore text accidentally deleted in 2.39.
5099 Change references to "1003.2" to "POSIX.2".
5102 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.41 ====================
5104 Released: 2006-10-12
5109 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5110 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5112 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
5113 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
5114 Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
5115 Britton Leo Kerin <bkerin_rb@letterboxes.org>
5116 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
5117 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
5118 Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>
5119 Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
5120 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
5121 Kevin Ryde <user42@zip.com.au>
5122 Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
5123 Senthil Kumar <senthilkumar_sen@hotpop.com>
5124 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
5125 Stuart MacDonald <stuartm@connecttech.com>
5126 Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
5128 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5134 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5144 Jens Axboe / Michael Kerrisk
5146 http://lwn.net/Articles/118760/
5147 http://lwn.net/Articles/178199/
5148 http://lwn.net/Articles/179492/
5149 http://kerneltrap.org/node/6505
5150 http://lwn.net/Articles/179434/
5152 Changes to individual pages
5153 ---------------------------
5157 Note glibc version where "ldd -u" appeared.
5161 The PR_SET_NAME setting is not preserved across an execve().
5165 Mappings marked with madvise(MADV_DONTFORK) are not inherited
5170 Noted that sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX) is preferred in portable
5175 Noted that sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) is preferred in portable
5177 _SC_PAGE_SIZE is available on most systems.
5181 Document MADV_REMOVE, new in 2.6.16.
5182 Document MADV_DONTFORK / MADV_DOFORK, new in 2.6.16.
5185 mtk / Trond Myklebust
5186 MNT_FORCE can cause data loss.
5190 Added note on Linux's old (pre-2.6.12) buggy treatment of
5193 Added some EINVAL errors.
5197 Remove superfluous "#include <unistd.h>" from SYNOPSIS.
5201 Added EBUSY error for case where MS_INVALIDATE is applied to
5206 Since 2.6.18, POSIX_FADV_NOREUSE is a no-op.
5209 Marcel Holtmann / mtk
5210 Since kernel 2.6.18, setting 2 for PR_SET_DUMPABLE is no longer
5213 Updated Linux versions where the options where introduced.
5214 Added PR_SET_TIMING, PR_GET_TIMING, PR_SET_NAME, PR_GET_NAME,
5215 PR_SET_UNALIGN, PR_GET_UNALIGN, PR_SET_FPEMU, PR_GET_FPEMU,
5216 PR_SET_FPEXC, PR_GET_FPEXC.
5218 Document PR_GET_ENDIAN and PR_SET_ENDIAN.
5222 Add "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to SYNOPSIS.
5226 Noted that sync_file_range() appeared in kernel 2.6.17.
5230 Noted interactions with fork handlers in multithreaded programs.
5234 Added feature test macros to SYNOPSIS.
5237 mtk / aeb / Kevin Ryde
5238 Fix broken text in description.
5239 See Debian bug 386214.
5243 Fix broken text in description.
5244 See Debian bug 386214.
5248 Fix return type in SYNOPSIS; should be "ssize_t" not "mqd_t".
5249 See Debian bug 387551.
5253 Fix wording referring to the use of strcmp() in 'compar'
5255 See Debian bug 391402.
5259 Added SEE ALSO referring to new splice.2 page.
5263 Documented IUTF8 (which was new in kernel 2.6.4).
5267 Added some TZ examples.
5268 See Debian bug 386087.
5272 Added delayacct_blkio_ticks (new in 2.6.18) to /proc/PID/statm.
5275 Stuart MacDonald / Andi Kleen
5276 Fix discussion for TCP error queue /IP_RECVERR on TCP.
5280 Noted effect of RLIMIT_STACK resource limit for NPTL.
5284 Place socket options in alphabetical order.
5287 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.42 ====================
5289 Released: 2006-11-24
5294 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5295 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5297 Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
5298 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
5299 Doug Goldstein <cardoe@gentoo.org>
5300 Eduard Bloch <blade@debian.org>
5301 Evan Teran <eteran@alum.rit.edu>
5302 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
5303 Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
5304 Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
5305 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
5307 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5313 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5317 Changes to individual pages
5318 ---------------------------
5322 Add text describing behaviour of the Linux brk() system call
5323 and point out that the glibc brk() wrapper provides different
5326 Note that sbrk() is implemented as a library function in glibc
5327 that calls the brk() system call.
5331 FUTEX_FD is scheduled for removal in June 2007.
5335 Ulrich Drepper, with edits by mtk
5336 Add text describing Internationalized Domain Name
5341 Fix description of O_LARGEFILE to mention required feature test
5346 Since Linux 2.6.18, the PID of the new process is also available
5347 for PTRACE_EVENT_VFORKDONE.
5351 Fix header file required for vsyslog() in SYNOPSIS.
5359 Linux 2.4.21 added core_pattern (which was already in 2.6).
5360 Noted a few more reasons why a core dump file might not
projects / thirdparty / man-pages.git / blob