dracut.cmdline.7.asc

   1 DRACUT.CMDLINE(7)
   2 =================
   3 :doctype: manpage
   4 :man source:   dracut
   5 :man manual:   dracut
   6
   7 NAME
   8 ----
   9 dracut.cmdline - dracut kernel command line options
  10
  11 DESCRIPTION
  12 -----------
  13 The root device used by the kernel is specified in the boot configuration
  14 file on the kernel command line, as always.
  15
  16 The traditional _root=/dev/sda1_ style device specification is allowed, but not
  17 encouraged. The root device should better be identified by LABEL or UUID. If a
  18 label is used, as in _root=LABEL=<label_of_root>_ the initramfs will search all
  19 available devices for a filesystem with the appropriate label, and mount that
  20 device as the root filesystem. _root=UUID=<uuidnumber>_ will mount the partition
  21 with that UUID as the root filesystem.
  22
  23 In the following all kernel command line parameters, which are processed by
  24 dracut, are described.
  25
  26 "rd.*" parameters mentioned without "=" are boolean parameters. They can be
  27 turned on/off by setting them to {0|1}. If the assignment with "=" is missing
  28 "=1" is implied. For example _rd.info_ can be turned off with _rd.info=0_ or
  29 turned on with _rd.info=1_ or _rd.info_. The last value in the kernel command
  30 line is the value, which is honored.
  31
  32 Standard
  33 ~~~~~~~~
  34 **init=**_<path to real init>_::
  35     specify the path to the init programm to be started after the initramfs has
  36     finished
  37
  38 **root=**_<path to blockdevice>_::
  39     specify the block device to use as the root filesystem.
  40 +
  41 E.g.:
  42 +
  43 ----
  44 root=/dev/sda1
  45 root=/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.1-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1
  46 root=/dev/disk/by-label/Root
  47 root=LABEL=Root
  48 root=/dev/disk/by-uuid/3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  49 root=UUID=3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  50 root=PARTUUID=3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  51 ----
  52
  53 **rootfstype=**_<filesystem type>_:: "auto" if not specified, e.g.:
  54 +
  55 ----
  56 rootfstype=ext3
  57 ----
  58
  59 **rootflags=**_<mount options>_::
  60     specify additional mount options for the root filesystem. If not set,
  61     _/etc/fstab_ of the real root will be parsed for special mount options and
  62     mounted accordingly.
  63
  64 **ro**::
  65     force mounting _/_ and _/usr_ (if it is a separate device) read-only.  If
  66     none of ro and rw is present, both are mounted according to _/etc/fstab_.
  67
  68 **rw**::
  69     force mounting _/_ and _/usr_ (if it is a separate device) read-write.
  70     See also ro option.
  71
  72 **rd.auto** **rd.auto=1**::
  73     enable autoassembly of special devices like cryptoLUKS, dmraid, mdraid or lvm.
  74     Default is off as of dracut version >= 024.
  75
  76 **rd.fstab=0**::
  77     do not honor special mount options for the root filesystem found in
  78     _/etc/fstab_ of the real root.
  79
  80 **resume=**_<path to resume partition>_::
  81     resume from a swap partition
  82 +
  83 E.g.:
  84 +
  85 ----
  86 resume=/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.1-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1
  87 resume=/dev/disk/by-uuid/3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  88 resume=UUID=3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  89 ----
  90
  91 **rd.skipfsck**::
  92     skip fsck for rootfs and _/usr_.  If you're mounting _/usr_ read-only and
  93     the init system performs fsck before remount, you might want to use this
  94     option to avoid duplication.
  95
  96
  97 Misc
  98 ~~~~
  99 **rd.driver.blacklist=**_<drivername>[,<drivername>,...]_::
 100     do not load kernel module <drivername>. This parameter can be specified
 101     multiple times.
 102
 103 **rd.driver.pre=**_<drivername>[,<drivername>,...]_::
 104     force loading kernel module <drivername>. This parameter can be specified
 105     multiple times.
 106
 107 **rd.driver.post=**_<drivername>[,<drivername>,...]_::
 108     force loading kernel module <drivername> after all automatic loading modules
 109     have been loaded. This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 110
 111 **rd.retry=**_<seconds>_::
 112     specify how long dracut should wait for devices to appear.
 113     The default is 30 seconds. After 2/3 of the time, degraded raids are force
 114     started. If you have hardware, which takes a very long time to announce its
 115     drives, you might want to extend this value.
 116
 117 **rd.noverifyssl**::
 118     accept self-signed certificates for ssl downloads.
 119
 120 **rd.ctty=**_<terminal device>_**::
 121    specify the controlling terminal for the console.
 122    This is useful, if you have multiple "console=" arguments.
 123
 124 [[dracutkerneldebug]]
 125 Debug
 126 ~~~~~
 127 If you are dropped to an emergency shell, the file _/run/initramfs/sosreport.txt_ is created,
 128 which can be safed to a (to be mounted by hand) partition (usually /boot) or a USB stick.
 129 Additional debugging info can be produced by adding **rd.debug** to the kernel command line.
 130 _/run/initramfs/sosreport.txt_ contains all logs and the output of some tools.
 131 It should be attached to any report about dracut problems.
 132
 133 **rd.info**::
 134     print informational output though "quiet" is set
 135
 136 **rd.shell**::
 137     allow dropping to a shell, if root mounting fails
 138
 139 **rd.debug**::
 140     set -x for the dracut shell.
 141     If systemd is active in the initramfs, all output is logged to the systemd journal,
 142     which you can inspect with "journalctl -ab".
 143     If systemd is not active, the logs are written to dmesg and _/run/initramfs/init.log_.
 144     If "quiet" is set, it also logs to the console.
 145
 146 **rd.break**::
 147     drop to a shell at the end
 148
 149 **rd.break=**_{cmdline|pre-udev|pre-trigger|initqueue|pre-mount|mount|pre-pivot|cleanup}_::
 150     drop to a shell on defined breakpoint
 151
 152 **rd.udev.info**::
 153     set udev to loglevel info
 154
 155 **rd.udev.debug**::
 156     set udev to loglevel debug
 157
 158 I18N
 159 ~~~~
 160 **vconsole.keymap=**_<keymap base file name>_::
 161     keyboard translation table loaded by loadkeys; taken from keymaps directory;
 162     will be written as KEYMAP to _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the initramfs, e.g.:
 163 +
 164 ----
 165 vconsole.keymap=de-latin1-nodeadkeys
 166 ----
 167
 168 **vconsole.keymap.ext=**_<list of keymap base file names>_::
 169     list of extra keymaps to bo loaded (sep. by space); will be written as
 170     EXT_KEYMAP to _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the initramfs
 171
 172 **vconsole.unicode**[=_{0|1}_]::
 173     boolean, indicating UTF-8 mode; will be written as UNICODE to
 174     _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the initramfs
 175
 176 **vconsole.font=**_<font base file name>_::
 177     console font; taken from consolefonts directory; will be written as FONT to
 178     _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the initramfs; e.g.:
 179 +
 180 ----
 181 vconsole.font=LatArCyrHeb-16
 182 ----
 183
 184 **vconsole.font.map=**_<console map base file name>_::
 185     see description of '-m' parameter in setfont manual; taken from consoletrans
 186     directory; will be written as FONT_MAP to _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the
 187     initramfs
 188
 189 **vconsole.font.unimap=**_<unicode table base file name>_::
 190     see description of '-u' parameter in setfont manual; taken from unimaps
 191     directory; will be written as FONT_UNIMAP to _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the
 192     initramfs
 193
 194 **locale.LANG=**_<locale>_::
 195     taken from the environment; if no UNICODE is defined we set its value in
 196     basis of LANG value (whether it ends with ".utf8" (or similar) or not); will
 197     be written as LANG to _/etc/locale.conf_ in the initramfs; e.g.:
 198 +
 199 ----
 200 locale.LANG=pl_PL.utf8
 201 ----
 202
 203 **locale.LC_ALL=**_<locale>_::
 204     taken from the environment; will be written as LC_ALL to _/etc/locale.conf_
 205     in the initramfs
 206
 207 LVM
 208 ~~~
 209 **rd.lvm=0**::
 210     disable LVM detection
 211
 212 **rd.lvm.vg=**_<volume group name>_::
 213     only activate the volume groups with the given name. rd.lvm.vg can be
 214     specified multiple times on the kernel command line.
 215
 216 **rd.lvm.lv=**_<logical volume name>_::
 217     only activate the logical volumes with the given name. rd.lvm.lv can be
 218     specified multiple times on the kernel command line.
 219
 220 **rd.lvm.conf=0**::
 221     remove any _/etc/lvm/lvm.conf_, which may exist in the initramfs
 222
 223 crypto LUKS
 224 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 225 **rd.luks=0**::
 226     disable crypto LUKS detection
 227
 228 **rd.luks.uuid=**_<luks uuid>_::
 229     only activate the LUKS partitions with the given UUID. Any "luks-" of the
 230     LUKS UUID is removed before comparing to _<luks uuid>_.
 231     The comparisons also matches, if _<luks uuid>_ is only the beginning of the
 232     LUKS UUID, so you don't have to specify the full UUID.
 233     This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 234
 235 **rd.luks.allow-discards=**_<luks uuid>_::
 236     Allow  using  of discards (TRIM) requests for LUKS partitions with the given UUID.
 237     Any "luks-" of the LUKS UUID is removed before comparing to _<luks uuid>_.
 238     The comparisons also matches, if _<luks uuid>_ is only the beginning of the
 239     LUKS UUID, so you don't have to specify the full UUID.
 240     This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 241
 242 **rd.luks.allow-discards**::
 243     Allow  using  of discards (TRIM) requests on all LUKS partitions.
 244
 245 **rd.luks.crypttab=0**::
 246     do not check, if LUKS partition is in _/etc/crypttab_
 247
 248 crypto LUKS - key on removable device support
 249 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 250 **rd.luks.key=**_<keypath>:<keydev>:<luksdev>_::
 251     _keypath_ is a path to key file to look for. It's REQUIRED. When _keypath_ ends with '.gpg' it's considered to be key encrypted symmetrically with GPG. You will be prompted for password on boot. GPG support comes with 'crypt-gpg' module which needs to be added explicitly.
 252 +
 253 _keydev_ is a device on which key file resides. It might be kernel name of devices (should start with "/dev/"), UUID (prefixed with "UUID=") or label (prefix with "LABEL="). You don't have to specify full UUID. Just its beginning will suffice, even if its ambiguous. All matching devices will be probed. This parameter is recommended, but not required. If not present, all block devices will be probed, which may significantly increase boot time.
 254 +
 255 If _luksdev_ is given, the specified key will only be applied for that LUKS device. Possible values are the same as for _keydev_. Unless you have several LUKS devices, you don't have to specify this parameter. The simplest usage is:
 256 +
 257 ----
 258 rd.luks.key=/foo/bar.key
 259 ----
 260 +
 261 As you see, you can skip colons in such a case.
 262 +
 263 [NOTE]
 264 ===============================
 265 dracut pipes key to cryptsetup with _-d -_ argument, therefore you need to pipe
 266 to crypsetup luksFormat with _-d -_, too!
 267
 268 Here follows example for key encrypted with GPG:
 269
 270 ----
 271 gpg --quiet --decrypt rootkey.gpg \
 272 | cryptsetup -d - -v \
 273 --cipher serpent-cbc-essiv:sha256 \
 274 --key-size 256 luksFormat /dev/sda3
 275 ----
 276
 277 If you use plain keys, just add path to _-d_ option:
 278
 279 ----
 280 cryptsetup -d rootkey.key -v \
 281 --cipher serpent-cbc-essiv:sha256 \
 282 --key-size 256 luksFormat /dev/sda3
 283 ----
 284 ===============================
 285
 286 MD RAID
 287 ~~~~~~~
 288 **rd.md=0**::
 289     disable MD RAID detection
 290
 291 **rd.md.imsm=0**::
 292     disable MD RAID for imsm/isw raids, use DM RAID instead
 293
 294 **rd.md.ddf=0**::
 295     disable MD RAID for SNIA ddf raids, use DM RAID instead
 296
 297 **rd.md.conf=0**::
 298     ignore mdadm.conf included in initramfs
 299
 300 **rd.md.waitclean=1**::
 301     wait for any resync, recovery, or reshape activity to finish before continuing
 302
 303 **rd.md.uuid=**_<md raid uuid>_::
 304     only activate the raid sets with the given UUID. This parameter can be
 305     specified multiple times.
 306
 307 DM RAID
 308 ~~~~~~~
 309 **rd.dm=0**::
 310     disable DM RAID detection
 311
 312 **rd.dm.uuid=**_<dm raid uuid>_::
 313    only activate the raid sets with the given UUID. This parameter can be
 314    specified multiple times.
 315
 316 FIPS
 317 ~~~~
 318 **rd.fips**::
 319     enable FIPS
 320
 321 **boot=**_<boot device>_::
 322     specify the device, where /boot is located. e.g.
 323 +
 324 ----
 325 boot=/dev/sda1
 326 boot=/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.1-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1
 327 boot=UUID=<uuid>
 328 boot=LABEL=<label>
 329 ----
 330
 331 **rd.fips.skipkernel**::
 332     skip checksum check of the kernel image. Useful, if the kernel image is not
 333     in a separate boot partition.
 334
 335 Network
 336 ~~~~~~~
 337 **ip=**_{dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6|ibft}_::
 338     dhcp|on|any::: get ip from dhcp server from all interfaces. If root=dhcp, loop
 339     sequentially through all interfaces (eth0, eth1, ...) and use the first with
 340     a valid DHCP root-path.
 341
 342     auto6::: IPv6 autoconfiguration
 343
 344     dhcp6::: IPv6 DHCP
 345
 346     ibft::: iBFT autoconfiguration
 347
 348 **ip=**_<interface>_:_{dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6}_[:[_<mtu>_][:_<macaddr>_]]::
 349     This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 350 +
 351 =====================
 352 dhcp|on|any|dhcp6::: get ip from dhcp server on a specific interface
 353 auto6::: do IPv6 autoconfiguration
 354 <macaddr>::: optionally **set** <macaddr> on the <interface>. This
 355 cannot be used in conjunction with the **ifname** argument for the
 356 same <interface>.
 357 =====================
 358
 359 [IMPORTANT]
 360 =====================
 361 It is recommended to either bind <interface> to a MAC with the **ifname**
 362 argument. Or use biosdevname to name your interfaces, which will then have names according to their hardware location.
 363
 364 em<port>::: for embedded NICs
 365 p<slot>#<port>_<virtual instance>::: for cards in PCI slots
 366 =====================
 367
 368 **ip=**_<client-IP>_:_<server-IP>_:_<gateway-IP>_:_<netmask>_:_<client_hostname>_:_<interface>_:_{none|off|dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6|ibft}_[:[_<mtu>_][:_<macaddr>_]]::
 369     explicit network configuration. If you want do define a IPv6 address, put it
 370     in brackets (e.g. [2001:DB8::1]). This parameter can be specified multiple
 371     times.
 372 +
 373 =====================
 374 <macaddr>::: optionally **set** <macaddr> on the <interface>. This
 375 cannot be used in conjunction with the **ifname** argument for the
 376 same <interface>.
 377 =====================
 378
 379 [IMPORTANT]
 380 =====================
 381 It is recommended to either bind <interface> to a MAC with the **ifname**
 382 argument. Or use biosdevname to name your interfaces, which will then have names according to their hardware location.
 383
 384 em<port>::: for embedded NICs
 385 p<slot>#<port>_<virtual instance>::: for cards in PCI slots
 386 =====================
 387
 388 **ifname=**_<interface>_:_<MAC>_::
 389     Assign network device name <interface> (ie "bootnet") to the NIC with MAC <MAC>.
 390 +
 391 [IMPORTANT]
 392
 393 Do **not** use the default kernel naming scheme for the interface name,
 394 as it can conflict with the kernel names. So, don't use "eth[0-9]+" for the
 395 interface name. Better name it "bootnet" or "bluesocket".
 396
 397 **bootdev=**_<interface>_::
 398     specify network interface to use routing and netroot information from.
 399     Required if multiple ip= lines are used.
 400
 401 **nameserver=**__<IP>__ [**nameserver=**__<IP>__ ...]::
 402     specify nameserver(s) to use
 403
 404 **biosdevname=0**::
 405     boolean, turn off biosdevname network interface renaming
 406
 407 **rd.neednet=1**::
 408     boolean, bring up network even without netroot set
 409
 410 **vlan=_<vlanname>_:_<phydevice>_**::
 411     Setup vlan device named <vlanname> on <phydeivce>.
 412     We support the four styles of vlan names: VLAN_PLUS_VID (vlan0005), VLAN_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (vlan5),
 413     DEV_PLUS_VID (eth0.0005), DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (eth0.5)
 414
 415 **bond=_<bondname>_[:_<bondslaves>_:[:_<options>_]]**::
 416     Setup bonding device <bondname> on top of <bondslaves>.
 417     <bondslaves> is a comma-separated list of physical (ethernet) interfaces.
 418     <options> is a comma-separated list on bonding options (modinfo bonding for details)
 419     in format compatible with initscripts. If <options> includes multi-valued arp_ip_target option,
 420     then its values should be separated by semicolon.
 421     Bond without parameters assumes bond=bond0:eth0,eth1:mode=balance-rr
 422
 423 **bridge=_<bridgename>_:_<ethnames>_**::
 424     Setup bridge <bridgename> with <ethnames>. <ethnames> is a comma-separated
 425     list of physical (ethernet) interfaces. Bridge without parameters assumes bridge=br0:eth0
 426
 427
 428 NFS
 429 ~~~
 430 **root=**[_<server-ip>_:]_<root-dir>_[:_<nfs-options>_]::
 431     mount nfs share from <server-ip>:/<root-dir>, if no server-ip is given, use
 432     dhcp next_server. if server-ip is an IPv6 address it has to be put in
 433     brackets, e.g. [2001:DB8::1]. NFS options can be appended with the prefix
 434     ":" or "," and are seperated by ",".
 435
 436 **root=**nfs:[_<server-ip>_:]_<root-dir>_[:_<nfs-options>_], **root=**nfs4:[_<server-ip>_:]_<root-dir>_[:_<nfs-options>_], **root=**_{dhcp|dhcp6}_::
 437     root=dhcp alone directs initrd to look at the DHCP root-path where NFS
 438     options can be specified.
 439 +
 440 ----
 441     root-path=<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
 442     root-path=nfs:<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
 443     root-path=nfs4:<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
 444 ----
 445
 446 **root=**_/dev/nfs_ nfsroot=[_<server-ip>_:]_<root-dir>_[:_<nfs-options>_]::
 447     _Deprecated!_ kernel Documentation_/filesystems/nfsroot.txt_ defines this
 448     method. This is supported by dracut, but not recommended.
 449
 450 **rd.nfs.domain=**_<NFSv4 domain name>_::
 451     Set the NFSv4 domain name. Will overwrite the settings in _/etc/idmap.conf_.
 452
 453 CIFS
 454 ~~~
 455 **root=**cifs://[_<username>_[:_<password>_]@]_<server-ip>_:_<root-dir>_::
 456     mount cifs share from <server-ip>:/<root-dir>, if no server-ip is given, use
 457     dhcp next_server. if server-ip is an IPv6 address it has to be put in
 458     brackets, e.g. [2001:DB8::1]. If a username or password are not specified
 459 as part of the root, then they must be passed on the command line through
 460 cifsuser/cifspass.
 461 +
 462 [WARNING]
 463 ====
 464 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
 465 ====
 466
 467 **cifsuser=_<username>_::
 468     Set the cifs username, if not specified as part of the root.
 469
 470 **cifspass=_<password>_::
 471     Set the cifs password, if not specified as part of the root.
 472 +
 473 [WARNING]
 474 ====
 475 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
 476 ====
 477
 478 iSCSI
 479 ~~~~~
 480 **root=**iscsi:[_<username>_:_<password>_[:_<reverse>_:_<password>_]@][_<servername>_]:[_<protocol>_]:[_<port>_][:[_<iscsi_iface_name>_]:[_<netdev_name>_]]:[_<LUN>_]:_<targetname>_::
 481     protocol defaults to "6", LUN defaults to "0". If the "servername" field is
 482     provided by BOOTP or DHCP, then that field is used in conjunction with other
 483     associated fields to contact the boot server in the Boot stage. However, if
 484     the "servername" field is not provided, then the "targetname" field is then
 485     used in the Discovery Service stage in conjunction with other associated
 486     fields. See
 487     link:$$http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4173#section-5$$[rfc4173].
 488     e.g.:
 489 +
 490 ----
 491 root=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
 492 ----
 493 +
 494 If servername is an IPv6 address, it has to be put in brackets. e.g.:
 495 +
 496 ----
 497 root=iscsi:[2001:DB8::1]::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
 498 ----
 499 +
 500 [WARNING]
 501 ====
 502 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
 503 ====
 504
 505 **root=**_???_ **netroot=**iscsi:[_<username>_:_<password>_[:_<reverse>_:_<password>_]@][_<servername>_]:[_<protocol>_]:[_<port>_][:[_<iscsi_iface_name>_]:[_<netdev_name>_]]:[_<LUN>_]:_<targetname>_ ...::
 506     multiple netroot options allow setting up multiple iscsi disks. e.g.:
 507 +
 508 ----
 509 root=UUID=12424547
 510 netroot=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
 511 netroot=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target1
 512 ----
 513 +
 514 If servername is an IPv6 address, it has to be put in brackets. e.g.:
 515 +
 516 ----
 517 netroot=iscsi:[2001:DB8::1]::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
 518 ----
 519 +
 520 [WARNING]
 521 ====
 522 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path. You may want to use rd.iscsi.firmware.
 523 ====
 524
 525 **root=**_???_ **rd.iscsi.initiator=**_<initiator>_ **rd.iscsi.target.name=**_<target name>_  **rd.iscsi.target.ip=**_<target ip>_ **rd.iscsi.target.port=**_<target port>_ **rd.iscsi.target.group=**_<target group>_ **rd.iscsi.username=**_<username>_ **rd.iscsi.password=**_<password>_ **rd.iscsi.in.username=**_<in username>_ **rd.iscsi.in.password=**_<in password>_::
 526     manually specify all iscsistart parameter (see **+iscsistart --help+**)
 527 +
 528 [WARNING]
 529 ====
 530 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path. You may want to use rd.iscsi.firmware.
 531 ====
 532
 533 **root=**_???_ **netroot=**iscsi **rd.iscsi.firmware=1**::
 534  will read the iscsi parameter from the BIOS firmware
 535
 536 **rd.iscsi.param=**_<param>_::
 537     <param> will be passed as "--param <param>" to iscsistart.
 538     This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 539     e.g.:
 540 +
 541 ----
 542 "netroot=iscsi rd.iscsi.firmware=1 rd.iscsi.param=node.session.timeo.replacement_timeout=30"
 543 ----
 544 +
 545 will result in
 546 +
 547 ----
 548 iscsistart -b --param node.session.timeo.replacement_timeout=30
 549 ----
 550
 551 FCoE
 552 ~~~~
 553 **fcoe=**_<edd|interface|MAC>_:_{dcb|nodcb}_::
 554     Try to connect to a FCoE SAN through the NIC specified by _<interface>_ or
 555     _<MAC>_ or EDD settings. For the second argument, currently only nodcb is
 556     supported. This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 557 +
 558 [NOTE]
 559 letters in the MAC-address must be lowercase!
 560
 561 NBD
 562 ~~~
 563 **root=**??? **netroot=**nbd:_<server>_:_<port>_[:_<fstype>_[:_<mountopts>_[:_<nbdopts>_]]]::
 564     mount nbd share from <server>
 565
 566 **root=dhcp** with **dhcp** **root-path=**nbd:_<server>_:_<port>_[:_<fstype>_[:_<mountopts>_[:_<nbdopts>_]]]::
 567     root=dhcp alone directs initrd to look at the DHCP root-path where NBD
 568     options can be specified. This syntax is only usable in cases where you are
 569     directly mounting the volume as the rootfs.
 570
 571 DASD
 572 ~~~~
 573 **rd.dasd=**....::
 574     same syntax as the kernel module parameter (s390 only)
 575
 576 ZFCP
 577 ~~~~
 578 **rd.zfcp=**_<zfcp adaptor device bus ID>_,_<WWPN>_,_<FCPLUN>_::
 579     rd.zfcp can be specified multiple times on the kernel command line. e.g.:
 580 +
 581 ----
 582 rd.zfcp=0.0.4000,0x5005076300C213e9,0x5022000000000000
 583 ----
 584
 585 **rd.zfcp.conf=0**::
 586     ignore zfcp.conf included in the initramfs
 587
 588 ZNET
 589 ~~~~
 590 **rd.znet=**_<nettype>_,_<subchannels>_,_<options>_::
 591     rd.znet can be specified multiple times on the kernel command line. e.g.:
 592 +
 593 ----
 594 rd.znet=qeth,0.0.0600,0.0.0601,0.0.0602,layer2=1,portname=foo
 595 rd.znet=ctc,0.0.0600,0.0.0601,0.0.0602,protocol=bar
 596 ----
 597
 598 Plymouth Boot Splash
 599 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 600 **plymouth.enable=0**::
 601     disable the plymouth bootsplash completly.
 602
 603 **rd.plymouth=0**::
 604     disable the plymouth bootsplash only for the initramfs.
 605
 606 Kernel keys
 607 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 608 **masterkey=**_<kernel master key path name>_::
 609     Set the path name of the kernel master key. e.g.:
 610 +
 611 ----
 612 masterkey=/etc/keys/kmk-trusted.blob
 613 ----
 614
 615 **masterkeytype=**_<kernel master key type>_::
 616     Set the type of the kernel master key. e.g.:
 617 +
 618 ----
 619 masterkeytype=trusted
 620 ----
 621
 622 **evmkey=**_<EVM key path name>_::
 623     Set the path name of the EVM key. e.g.:
 624 +
 625 ----
 626 evmkey=/etc/keys/evm-trusted.blob
 627 ----
 628
 629 **ecryptfskey=**_<eCryptfs key path name>_::
 630     Set the path name of the eCryptfs key. e.g.:
 631 +
 632 ----
 633 ecryptfskey=/etc/keys/ecryptfs-trusted.blob
 634 ----
 635
 636 Deprecated, renamed Options
 637 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 638 Here is a list of options, which were used in dracut prior to version 008, and their new replacement.
 639
 640 rdbreak:: rd.break
 641
 642 rd_CCW:: rd.ccw
 643
 644 rd_DASD_MOD:: rd.dasd
 645
 646 rd_DASD:: rd.dasd
 647
 648 rdinitdebug rdnetdebug:: rd.debug
 649
 650 rd_NO_DM:: rd.dm=0
 651
 652 rd_DM_UUID:: rd.dm.uuid
 653
 654 rdblacklist:: rd.driver.blacklist
 655
 656 rdinsmodpost:: rd.driver.post
 657
 658 rdloaddriver:: rd.driver.pre
 659
 660 rd_NO_FSTAB:: rd.fstab=0
 661
 662 rdinfo:: rd.info
 663
 664 check:: rd.live.check
 665
 666 rdlivedebug:: rd.live.debug
 667
 668 live_dir:: rd.live.dir
 669
 670 liveimg:: rd.live.image
 671
 672 overlay:: rd.live.overlay
 673
 674 readonly_overlay:: rd.live.overlay.readonly
 675
 676 reset_overlay:: rd.live.overlay.reset
 677
 678 live_ram:: rd.live.ram
 679
 680 rd_NO_CRYPTTAB:: rd.luks.crypttab=0
 681
 682 rd_LUKS_KEYDEV_UUID:: rd.luks.keydev.uuid
 683
 684 rd_LUKS_KEYPATH:: rd.luks.keypath
 685
 686 rd_NO_LUKS:: rd.luks=0
 687
 688 rd_LUKS_UUID:: rd.luks.uuid
 689
 690 rd_NO_LVMCONF:: rd.lvm.conf
 691
 692 rd_LVM_LV:: rd.lvm.lv
 693
 694 rd_NO_LVM:: rd.lvm=0
 695
 696 rd_LVM_SNAPSHOT:: rd.lvm.snapshot
 697
 698 rd_LVM_SNAPSIZE:: rd.lvm.snapsize
 699
 700 rd_LVM_VG:: rd.lvm.vg
 701
 702 rd_NO_MDADMCONF:: rd.md.conf=0
 703
 704 rd_NO_MDIMSM:: rd.md.imsm=0
 705
 706 rd_NO_MD:: rd.md=0
 707
 708 rd_MD_UUID:: rd.md.uuid
 709
 710 rd_NFS_DOMAIN:: rd.nfs.domain
 711
 712 iscsi_initiator:: rd.iscsi.initiator
 713
 714 iscsi_target_name:: rd.iscsi.target.name
 715
 716 iscsi_target_ip:: rd.iscsi.target.ip
 717
 718 iscsi_target_port:: rd.iscsi.target.port
 719
 720 iscsi_target_group:: rd.iscsi.target.group
 721
 722 iscsi_username:: rd.iscsi.username
 723
 724 iscsi_password:: rd.iscsi.password
 725
 726 iscsi_in_username:: rd.iscsi.in.username
 727
 728 iscsi_in_password:: rd.iscsi.in.password
 729
 730 iscsi_firmware:: rd.iscsi.firmware=0
 731
 732 rd_NO_PLYMOUTH:: rd.plymouth=0
 733
 734 rd_retry:: rd.retry
 735
 736 rdshell:: rd.shell
 737
 738 rd_NO_SPLASH:: rd.splash
 739
 740 rdudevdebug:: rd.udev.debug
 741
 742 rdudevinfo:: rd.udev.info
 743
 744 rd_NO_ZFCPCONF:: rd.zfcp.conf=0
 745
 746 rd_ZFCP:: rd.zfcp
 747
 748 rd_ZNET:: rd.znet
 749
 750 KEYMAP:: vconsole.keymap
 751
 752 KEYTABLE:: vconsole.keymap
 753
 754 SYSFONT:: vconsole.font
 755
 756 CONTRANS:: vconsole.font.map
 757
 758 UNIMAP:: vconsole.font.unimap
 759
 760 UNICODE:: vconsole.unicode
 761
 762 EXT_KEYMAP:: vconsole.keymap.ext
 763
 764 Configuration in the Initramfs
 765 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 766 _/etc/conf.d/_::
 767     Any files found in _/etc/conf.d/_ will be sourced in the initramfs to
 768     set initial values. Command line options will override these values
 769     set in the configuration files.
 770
 771 _/etc/cmdline_::
 772     Can contain additional command line options. Deprecated, better use /etc/cmdline.d/*.conf.
 773
 774 _/etc/cmdline.d/*.conf_::
 775     Can contain additional command line options.
 776
 777 AUTHOR
 778 ------
 779 Harald Hoyer
 780
 781 SEE ALSO
 782 --------
 783 *dracut*(8) *dracut.conf*(5)