dracut.cmdline.7.asc

   1 DRACUT.CMDLINE(7)
   2 =================
   3 :doctype: manpage
   4 :man source:   dracut
   5 :man manual:   dracut
   6
   7 NAME
   8 ----
   9 dracut.cmdline - dracut kernel command line options
  10
  11 DESCRIPTION
  12 -----------
  13 The root device used by the kernel is specified in the boot configuration
  14 file on the kernel command line, as always.
  15
  16 The traditional _root=/dev/sda1_ style device specification is allowed, but not
  17 encouraged. The root device should better be identified by LABEL or UUID. If a
  18 label is used, as in _root=LABEL=<label_of_root>_ the initramfs will search all
  19 available devices for a filesystem with the appropriate label, and mount that
  20 device as the root filesystem. _root=UUID=<uuidnumber>_ will mount the partition
  21 with that UUID as the root filesystem.
  22
  23 In the following all kernel command line parameters, which are processed by
  24 dracut, are described.
  25
  26 "rd.*" parameters mentioned without "=" are boolean parameters. They can be
  27 turned on/off by setting them to {0|1}. If the assignment with "=" is missing
  28 "=1" is implied. For example _rd.info_ can be turned off with _rd.info=0_ or
  29 turned on with _rd.info=1_ or _rd.info_. The last value in the kernel command
  30 line is the value, which is honored.
  31
  32 Standard
  33 ~~~~~~~~
  34 **init=**_<path to real init>_::
  35     specify the path to the init programm to be started after the initramfs has
  36     finished
  37
  38 **root=**_<path to blockdevice>_::
  39     specify the block device to use as the root filesystem.
  40 +
  41 E.g.:
  42 +
  43 ----
  44 root=/dev/sda1
  45 root=/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.1-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1
  46 root=/dev/disk/by-label/Root
  47 root=LABEL=Root
  48 root=/dev/disk/by-uuid/3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  49 root=UUID=3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  50 root=PARTUUID=3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  51 ----
  52
  53 **rootfstype=**_<filesystem type>_:: "auto" if not specified, e.g.:
  54 +
  55 ----
  56 rootfstype=ext3
  57 ----
  58
  59 **rootflags=**_<mount options>_::
  60     specify additional mount options for the root filesystem. If not set,
  61     _/etc/fstab_ of the real root will be parsed for special mount options and
  62     mounted accordingly.
  63
  64 **ro**::
  65     force mounting _/_ and _/usr_ (if it is a separate device) read-only.  If
  66     none of ro and rw is present, both are mounted according to _/etc/fstab_.
  67
  68 **rw**::
  69     force mounting _/_ and _/usr_ (if it is a separate device) read-write.
  70     See also ro option.
  71
  72 **rd.auto** **rd.auto=1**::
  73     enable autoassembly of special devices like cryptoLUKS, dmraid, mdraid or lvm.
  74     Default is off as of dracut version >= 024.
  75
  76 **rd.fstab=0**::
  77     do not honor special mount options for the root filesystem found in
  78     _/etc/fstab_ of the real root.
  79
  80 **resume=**_<path to resume partition>_::
  81     resume from a swap partition
  82 +
  83 E.g.:
  84 +
  85 ----
  86 resume=/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.1-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1
  87 resume=/dev/disk/by-uuid/3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  88 resume=UUID=3f5ad593-4546-4a94-a374-bcfb68aa11f7
  89 ----
  90
  91 **rd.skipfsck**::
  92     skip fsck for rootfs and _/usr_.  If you're mounting _/usr_ read-only and
  93     the init system performs fsck before remount, you might want to use this
  94     option to avoid duplication.
  95
  96
  97 Misc
  98 ~~~~
  99 **rd.driver.blacklist=**_<drivername>[,<drivername>,...]_::
 100     do not load kernel module <drivername>. This parameter can be specified
 101     multiple times.
 102
 103 **rd.driver.pre=**_<drivername>[,<drivername>,...]_::
 104     force loading kernel module <drivername>. This parameter can be specified
 105     multiple times.
 106
 107 **rd.driver.post=**_<drivername>[,<drivername>,...]_::
 108     force loading kernel module <drivername> after all automatic loading modules
 109     have been loaded. This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 110
 111 **rd.retry=**_<seconds>_::
 112     specify how long dracut should wait for devices to appear.
 113     The default is 30 seconds. After 2/3 of the time, degraded raids are force
 114     started. If you have hardware, which takes a very long time to announce its
 115     drives, you might want to extend this value.
 116
 117 **rd.noverifyssl**::
 118     accept self-signed certificates for ssl downloads.
 119
 120 **rd.ctty=**_<terminal device>_**::
 121    specify the controlling terminal for the console.
 122    This is useful, if you have multiple "console=" arguments.
 123
 124 **action_on_fail=**_{shell|continue}_::
 125    Specify the action after failure. By default it's emergency_shell.
 126    'continue' means: ignore the current failure and go ahead.
 127
 128 [[dracutkerneldebug]]
 129 Debug
 130 ~~~~~
 131 If you are dropped to an emergency shell, the file _/run/initramfs/sosreport.txt_ is created,
 132 which can be safed to a (to be mounted by hand) partition (usually /boot) or a USB stick.
 133 Additional debugging info can be produced by adding **rd.debug** to the kernel command line.
 134 _/run/initramfs/sosreport.txt_ contains all logs and the output of some tools.
 135 It should be attached to any report about dracut problems.
 136
 137 **rd.info**::
 138     print informational output though "quiet" is set
 139
 140 **rd.shell**::
 141     allow dropping to a shell, if root mounting fails
 142
 143 **rd.debug**::
 144     set -x for the dracut shell.
 145     If systemd is active in the initramfs, all output is logged to the systemd journal,
 146     which you can inspect with "journalctl -ab".
 147     If systemd is not active, the logs are written to dmesg and _/run/initramfs/init.log_.
 148     If "quiet" is set, it also logs to the console.
 149
 150 **rd.memdebug=[0-3]**::
 151     Print memory usage info at various points, set the verbose level from 0 to 3
 152     Higher level means more debugging output:
 153     0 - no output
 154     1 - partial /proc/meminfo
 155     2 - /proc/meminfo
 156     3 - /proc/meminfo + /proc/slabinfo
 157
 158 **rd.break**::
 159     drop to a shell at the end
 160
 161 **rd.break=**_{cmdline|pre-udev|pre-trigger|initqueue|pre-mount|mount|pre-pivot|cleanup}_::
 162     drop to a shell on defined breakpoint
 163
 164 **rd.udev.info**::
 165     set udev to loglevel info
 166
 167 **rd.udev.debug**::
 168     set udev to loglevel debug
 169
 170 I18N
 171 ~~~~
 172 **vconsole.keymap=**_<keymap base file name>_::
 173     keyboard translation table loaded by loadkeys; taken from keymaps directory;
 174     will be written as KEYMAP to _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the initramfs, e.g.:
 175 +
 176 ----
 177 vconsole.keymap=de-latin1-nodeadkeys
 178 ----
 179
 180 **vconsole.keymap.ext=**_<list of keymap base file names>_::
 181     list of extra keymaps to bo loaded (sep. by space); will be written as
 182     EXT_KEYMAP to _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the initramfs
 183
 184 **vconsole.unicode**[=_{0|1}_]::
 185     boolean, indicating UTF-8 mode; will be written as UNICODE to
 186     _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the initramfs
 187
 188 **vconsole.font=**_<font base file name>_::
 189     console font; taken from consolefonts directory; will be written as FONT to
 190     _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the initramfs; e.g.:
 191 +
 192 ----
 193 vconsole.font=LatArCyrHeb-16
 194 ----
 195
 196 **vconsole.font.map=**_<console map base file name>_::
 197     see description of '-m' parameter in setfont manual; taken from consoletrans
 198     directory; will be written as FONT_MAP to _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the
 199     initramfs
 200
 201 **vconsole.font.unimap=**_<unicode table base file name>_::
 202     see description of '-u' parameter in setfont manual; taken from unimaps
 203     directory; will be written as FONT_UNIMAP to _/etc/vconsole.conf_ in the
 204     initramfs
 205
 206 **locale.LANG=**_<locale>_::
 207     taken from the environment; if no UNICODE is defined we set its value in
 208     basis of LANG value (whether it ends with ".utf8" (or similar) or not); will
 209     be written as LANG to _/etc/locale.conf_ in the initramfs; e.g.:
 210 +
 211 ----
 212 locale.LANG=pl_PL.utf8
 213 ----
 214
 215 **locale.LC_ALL=**_<locale>_::
 216     taken from the environment; will be written as LC_ALL to _/etc/locale.conf_
 217     in the initramfs
 218
 219 LVM
 220 ~~~
 221 **rd.lvm=0**::
 222     disable LVM detection
 223
 224 **rd.lvm.vg=**_<volume group name>_::
 225     only activate the volume groups with the given name. rd.lvm.vg can be
 226     specified multiple times on the kernel command line.
 227
 228 **rd.lvm.lv=**_<logical volume name>_::
 229     only activate the logical volumes with the given name. rd.lvm.lv can be
 230     specified multiple times on the kernel command line.
 231
 232 **rd.lvm.conf=0**::
 233     remove any _/etc/lvm/lvm.conf_, which may exist in the initramfs
 234
 235 crypto LUKS
 236 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 237 **rd.luks=0**::
 238     disable crypto LUKS detection
 239
 240 **rd.luks.uuid=**_<luks uuid>_::
 241     only activate the LUKS partitions with the given UUID. Any "luks-" of the
 242     LUKS UUID is removed before comparing to _<luks uuid>_.
 243     The comparisons also matches, if _<luks uuid>_ is only the beginning of the
 244     LUKS UUID, so you don't have to specify the full UUID.
 245     This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 246
 247 **rd.luks.allow-discards=**_<luks uuid>_::
 248     Allow  using  of discards (TRIM) requests for LUKS partitions with the given UUID.
 249     Any "luks-" of the LUKS UUID is removed before comparing to _<luks uuid>_.
 250     The comparisons also matches, if _<luks uuid>_ is only the beginning of the
 251     LUKS UUID, so you don't have to specify the full UUID.
 252     This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 253
 254 **rd.luks.allow-discards**::
 255     Allow  using  of discards (TRIM) requests on all LUKS partitions.
 256
 257 **rd.luks.crypttab=0**::
 258     do not check, if LUKS partition is in _/etc/crypttab_
 259
 260 crypto LUKS - key on removable device support
 261 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 262 **rd.luks.key=**_<keypath>:<keydev>:<luksdev>_::
 263     _keypath_ is a path to key file to look for. It's REQUIRED. When _keypath_ ends with '.gpg' it's considered to be key encrypted symmetrically with GPG. You will be prompted for password on boot. GPG support comes with 'crypt-gpg' module which needs to be added explicitly.
 264 +
 265 _keydev_ is a device on which key file resides. It might be kernel name of devices (should start with "/dev/"), UUID (prefixed with "UUID=") or label (prefix with "LABEL="). You don't have to specify full UUID. Just its beginning will suffice, even if its ambiguous. All matching devices will be probed. This parameter is recommended, but not required. If not present, all block devices will be probed, which may significantly increase boot time.
 266 +
 267 If _luksdev_ is given, the specified key will only be applied for that LUKS device. Possible values are the same as for _keydev_. Unless you have several LUKS devices, you don't have to specify this parameter. The simplest usage is:
 268 +
 269 ----
 270 rd.luks.key=/foo/bar.key
 271 ----
 272 +
 273 As you see, you can skip colons in such a case.
 274 +
 275 [NOTE]
 276 ===============================
 277 dracut pipes key to cryptsetup with _-d -_ argument, therefore you need to pipe
 278 to crypsetup luksFormat with _-d -_, too!
 279
 280 Here follows example for key encrypted with GPG:
 281
 282 ----
 283 gpg --quiet --decrypt rootkey.gpg \
 284 | cryptsetup -d - -v \
 285 --cipher serpent-cbc-essiv:sha256 \
 286 --key-size 256 luksFormat /dev/sda3
 287 ----
 288
 289 If you use plain keys, just add path to _-d_ option:
 290
 291 ----
 292 cryptsetup -d rootkey.key -v \
 293 --cipher serpent-cbc-essiv:sha256 \
 294 --key-size 256 luksFormat /dev/sda3
 295 ----
 296 ===============================
 297
 298 MD RAID
 299 ~~~~~~~
 300 **rd.md=0**::
 301     disable MD RAID detection
 302
 303 **rd.md.imsm=0**::
 304     disable MD RAID for imsm/isw raids, use DM RAID instead
 305
 306 **rd.md.ddf=0**::
 307     disable MD RAID for SNIA ddf raids, use DM RAID instead
 308
 309 **rd.md.conf=0**::
 310     ignore mdadm.conf included in initramfs
 311
 312 **rd.md.waitclean=1**::
 313     wait for any resync, recovery, or reshape activity to finish before continuing
 314
 315 **rd.md.uuid=**_<md raid uuid>_::
 316     only activate the raid sets with the given UUID. This parameter can be
 317     specified multiple times.
 318
 319 DM RAID
 320 ~~~~~~~
 321 **rd.dm=0**::
 322     disable DM RAID detection
 323
 324 **rd.dm.uuid=**_<dm raid uuid>_::
 325    only activate the raid sets with the given UUID. This parameter can be
 326    specified multiple times.
 327
 328 FIPS
 329 ~~~~
 330 **rd.fips**::
 331     enable FIPS
 332
 333 **boot=**_<boot device>_::
 334     specify the device, where /boot is located. e.g.
 335 +
 336 ----
 337 boot=/dev/sda1
 338 boot=/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.1-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1
 339 boot=UUID=<uuid>
 340 boot=LABEL=<label>
 341 ----
 342
 343 **rd.fips.skipkernel**::
 344     skip checksum check of the kernel image. Useful, if the kernel image is not
 345     in a separate boot partition.
 346
 347 Network
 348 ~~~~~~~
 349 **ip=**_{dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6|ibft}_::
 350     dhcp|on|any::: get ip from dhcp server from all interfaces. If root=dhcp, loop
 351     sequentially through all interfaces (eth0, eth1, ...) and use the first with
 352     a valid DHCP root-path.
 353
 354     auto6::: IPv6 autoconfiguration
 355
 356     dhcp6::: IPv6 DHCP
 357
 358     ibft::: iBFT autoconfiguration
 359
 360 **ip=**_<interface>_:_{dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6}_[:[_<mtu>_][:_<macaddr>_]]::
 361     This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 362 +
 363 =====================
 364 dhcp|on|any|dhcp6::: get ip from dhcp server on a specific interface
 365 auto6::: do IPv6 autoconfiguration
 366 <macaddr>::: optionally **set** <macaddr> on the <interface>. This
 367 cannot be used in conjunction with the **ifname** argument for the
 368 same <interface>.
 369 =====================
 370
 371 [IMPORTANT]
 372 =====================
 373 It is recommended to either bind <interface> to a MAC with the **ifname**
 374 argument. Or use biosdevname to name your interfaces, which will then have names according to their hardware location.
 375
 376 em<port>::: for embedded NICs
 377 p<slot>#<port>_<virtual instance>::: for cards in PCI slots
 378 =====================
 379
 380 **ip=**_<client-IP>_:_<server-IP>_:_<gateway-IP>_:_<netmask>_:_<client_hostname>_:_<interface>_:_{none|off|dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6|ibft}_[:[_<mtu>_][:_<macaddr>_]]::
 381     explicit network configuration. If you want do define a IPv6 address, put it
 382     in brackets (e.g. [2001:DB8::1]). This parameter can be specified multiple
 383     times.
 384 +
 385 =====================
 386 <macaddr>::: optionally **set** <macaddr> on the <interface>. This
 387 cannot be used in conjunction with the **ifname** argument for the
 388 same <interface>.
 389 =====================
 390
 391 [IMPORTANT]
 392 =====================
 393 It is recommended to either bind <interface> to a MAC with the **ifname**
 394 argument. Or use biosdevname to name your interfaces, which will then have names according to their hardware location.
 395
 396 em<port>::: for embedded NICs
 397 p<slot>#<port>_<virtual instance>::: for cards in PCI slots
 398 =====================
 399
 400 **ifname=**_<interface>_:_<MAC>_::
 401     Assign network device name <interface> (ie "bootnet") to the NIC with MAC <MAC>.
 402 +
 403 [IMPORTANT]
 404
 405 Do **not** use the default kernel naming scheme for the interface name,
 406 as it can conflict with the kernel names. So, don't use "eth[0-9]+" for the
 407 interface name. Better name it "bootnet" or "bluesocket".
 408
 409 **bootdev=**_<interface>_::
 410     specify network interface to use routing and netroot information from.
 411     Required if multiple ip= lines are used.
 412
 413 **nameserver=**__<IP>__ [**nameserver=**__<IP>__ ...]::
 414     specify nameserver(s) to use
 415
 416 **biosdevname=0**::
 417     boolean, turn off biosdevname network interface renaming
 418
 419 **rd.neednet=1**::
 420     boolean, bring up network even without netroot set
 421
 422 **vlan=_<vlanname>_:_<phydevice>_**::
 423     Setup vlan device named <vlanname> on <phydeivce>.
 424     We support the four styles of vlan names: VLAN_PLUS_VID (vlan0005), VLAN_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (vlan5),
 425     DEV_PLUS_VID (eth0.0005), DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (eth0.5)
 426
 427 **bond=_<bondname>_[:_<bondslaves>_:[:_<options>_]]**::
 428     Setup bonding device <bondname> on top of <bondslaves>.
 429     <bondslaves> is a comma-separated list of physical (ethernet) interfaces.
 430     <options> is a comma-separated list on bonding options (modinfo bonding for details)
 431     in format compatible with initscripts. If <options> includes multi-valued arp_ip_target option,
 432     then its values should be separated by semicolon.
 433     Bond without parameters assumes bond=bond0:eth0,eth1:mode=balance-rr
 434
 435 **team =_<teammaster>_:_<teamslaves>_**::
 436     Setup team device <teammaster> on top of <teamslaves>.
 437     <teamslaves> is a comma-separated list of physical (ethernet) interfaces.
 438
 439 **bridge=_<bridgename>_:_<ethnames>_**::
 440     Setup bridge <bridgename> with <ethnames>. <ethnames> is a comma-separated
 441     list of physical (ethernet) interfaces. Bridge without parameters assumes bridge=br0:eth0
 442
 443
 444 NFS
 445 ~~~
 446 **root=**[_<server-ip>_:]_<root-dir>_[:_<nfs-options>_]::
 447     mount nfs share from <server-ip>:/<root-dir>, if no server-ip is given, use
 448     dhcp next_server. if server-ip is an IPv6 address it has to be put in
 449     brackets, e.g. [2001:DB8::1]. NFS options can be appended with the prefix
 450     ":" or "," and are seperated by ",".
 451
 452 **root=**nfs:[_<server-ip>_:]_<root-dir>_[:_<nfs-options>_], **root=**nfs4:[_<server-ip>_:]_<root-dir>_[:_<nfs-options>_], **root=**_{dhcp|dhcp6}_::
 453     root=dhcp alone directs initrd to look at the DHCP root-path where NFS
 454     options can be specified.
 455 +
 456 ----
 457     root-path=<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
 458     root-path=nfs:<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
 459     root-path=nfs4:<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
 460 ----
 461
 462 **root=**_/dev/nfs_ nfsroot=[_<server-ip>_:]_<root-dir>_[:_<nfs-options>_]::
 463     _Deprecated!_ kernel Documentation_/filesystems/nfsroot.txt_ defines this
 464     method. This is supported by dracut, but not recommended.
 465
 466 **rd.nfs.domain=**_<NFSv4 domain name>_::
 467     Set the NFSv4 domain name. Will overwrite the settings in _/etc/idmap.conf_.
 468
 469 CIFS
 470 ~~~
 471 **root=**cifs://[_<username>_[:_<password>_]@]_<server-ip>_:_<root-dir>_::
 472     mount cifs share from <server-ip>:/<root-dir>, if no server-ip is given, use
 473     dhcp next_server. if server-ip is an IPv6 address it has to be put in
 474     brackets, e.g. [2001:DB8::1]. If a username or password are not specified
 475 as part of the root, then they must be passed on the command line through
 476 cifsuser/cifspass.
 477 +
 478 [WARNING]
 479 ====
 480 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
 481 ====
 482
 483 **cifsuser=_<username>_::
 484     Set the cifs username, if not specified as part of the root.
 485
 486 **cifspass=_<password>_::
 487     Set the cifs password, if not specified as part of the root.
 488 +
 489 [WARNING]
 490 ====
 491 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
 492 ====
 493
 494 iSCSI
 495 ~~~~~
 496 **root=**iscsi:[_<username>_:_<password>_[:_<reverse>_:_<password>_]@][_<servername>_]:[_<protocol>_]:[_<port>_][:[_<iscsi_iface_name>_]:[_<netdev_name>_]]:[_<LUN>_]:_<targetname>_::
 497     protocol defaults to "6", LUN defaults to "0". If the "servername" field is
 498     provided by BOOTP or DHCP, then that field is used in conjunction with other
 499     associated fields to contact the boot server in the Boot stage. However, if
 500     the "servername" field is not provided, then the "targetname" field is then
 501     used in the Discovery Service stage in conjunction with other associated
 502     fields. See
 503     link:$$http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4173#section-5$$[rfc4173].
 504     e.g.:
 505 +
 506 ----
 507 root=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
 508 ----
 509 +
 510 If servername is an IPv6 address, it has to be put in brackets. e.g.:
 511 +
 512 ----
 513 root=iscsi:[2001:DB8::1]::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
 514 ----
 515 +
 516 [WARNING]
 517 ====
 518 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path.
 519 ====
 520
 521 **root=**_???_ **netroot=**iscsi:[_<username>_:_<password>_[:_<reverse>_:_<password>_]@][_<servername>_]:[_<protocol>_]:[_<port>_][:[_<iscsi_iface_name>_]:[_<netdev_name>_]]:[_<LUN>_]:_<targetname>_ ...::
 522     multiple netroot options allow setting up multiple iscsi disks. e.g.:
 523 +
 524 ----
 525 root=UUID=12424547
 526 netroot=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
 527 netroot=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target1
 528 ----
 529 +
 530 If servername is an IPv6 address, it has to be put in brackets. e.g.:
 531 +
 532 ----
 533 netroot=iscsi:[2001:DB8::1]::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
 534 ----
 535 +
 536 [WARNING]
 537 ====
 538 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path. You may want to use rd.iscsi.firmware.
 539 ====
 540
 541 **root=**_???_ **rd.iscsi.initiator=**_<initiator>_ **rd.iscsi.target.name=**_<target name>_  **rd.iscsi.target.ip=**_<target ip>_ **rd.iscsi.target.port=**_<target port>_ **rd.iscsi.target.group=**_<target group>_ **rd.iscsi.username=**_<username>_ **rd.iscsi.password=**_<password>_ **rd.iscsi.in.username=**_<in username>_ **rd.iscsi.in.password=**_<in password>_::
 542     manually specify all iscsistart parameter (see **+iscsistart --help+**)
 543 +
 544 [WARNING]
 545 ====
 546 Passwords specified on the kernel command line are visible for all users via the file _/proc/cmdline_ and via dmesg or can be sniffed on the network, when using DHCP with DHCP root-path. You may want to use rd.iscsi.firmware.
 547 ====
 548
 549 **root=**_???_ **netroot=**iscsi **rd.iscsi.firmware=1**::
 550  will read the iscsi parameter from the BIOS firmware
 551
 552 **rd.iscsi.param=**_<param>_::
 553     <param> will be passed as "--param <param>" to iscsistart.
 554     This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 555     e.g.:
 556 +
 557 ----
 558 "netroot=iscsi rd.iscsi.firmware=1 rd.iscsi.param=node.session.timeo.replacement_timeout=30"
 559 ----
 560 +
 561 will result in
 562 +
 563 ----
 564 iscsistart -b --param node.session.timeo.replacement_timeout=30
 565 ----
 566
 567 FCoE
 568 ~~~~
 569 **fcoe=**_<edd|interface|MAC>_:_{dcb|nodcb}_::
 570     Try to connect to a FCoE SAN through the NIC specified by _<interface>_ or
 571     _<MAC>_ or EDD settings. For the second argument, currently only nodcb is
 572     supported. This parameter can be specified multiple times.
 573 +
 574 [NOTE]
 575 letters in the MAC-address must be lowercase!
 576
 577 NBD
 578 ~~~
 579 **root=**??? **netroot=**nbd:_<server>_:_<port>_[:_<fstype>_[:_<mountopts>_[:_<nbdopts>_]]]::
 580     mount nbd share from <server>
 581
 582 **root=dhcp** with **dhcp** **root-path=**nbd:_<server>_:_<port>_[:_<fstype>_[:_<mountopts>_[:_<nbdopts>_]]]::
 583     root=dhcp alone directs initrd to look at the DHCP root-path where NBD
 584     options can be specified. This syntax is only usable in cases where you are
 585     directly mounting the volume as the rootfs.
 586
 587 DASD
 588 ~~~~
 589 **rd.dasd=**....::
 590     same syntax as the kernel module parameter (s390 only)
 591
 592 ZFCP
 593 ~~~~
 594 **rd.zfcp=**_<zfcp adaptor device bus ID>_,_<WWPN>_,_<FCPLUN>_::
 595     rd.zfcp can be specified multiple times on the kernel command line. e.g.:
 596 +
 597 ----
 598 rd.zfcp=0.0.4000,0x5005076300C213e9,0x5022000000000000
 599 ----
 600
 601 **rd.zfcp.conf=0**::
 602     ignore zfcp.conf included in the initramfs
 603
 604 ZNET
 605 ~~~~
 606 **rd.znet=**_<nettype>_,_<subchannels>_,_<options>_::
 607     rd.znet can be specified multiple times on the kernel command line. e.g.:
 608 +
 609 ----
 610 rd.znet=qeth,0.0.0600,0.0.0601,0.0.0602,layer2=1,portname=foo
 611 rd.znet=ctc,0.0.0600,0.0.0601,protocol=bar
 612 ----
 613
 614 Plymouth Boot Splash
 615 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 616 **plymouth.enable=0**::
 617     disable the plymouth bootsplash completly.
 618
 619 **rd.plymouth=0**::
 620     disable the plymouth bootsplash only for the initramfs.
 621
 622 Kernel keys
 623 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 624 **masterkey=**_<kernel master key path name>_::
 625     Set the path name of the kernel master key. e.g.:
 626 +
 627 ----
 628 masterkey=/etc/keys/kmk-trusted.blob
 629 ----
 630
 631 **masterkeytype=**_<kernel master key type>_::
 632     Set the type of the kernel master key. e.g.:
 633 +
 634 ----
 635 masterkeytype=trusted
 636 ----
 637
 638 **evmkey=**_<EVM key path name>_::
 639     Set the path name of the EVM key. e.g.:
 640 +
 641 ----
 642 evmkey=/etc/keys/evm-trusted.blob
 643 ----
 644
 645 **ecryptfskey=**_<eCryptfs key path name>_::
 646     Set the path name of the eCryptfs key. e.g.:
 647 +
 648 ----
 649 ecryptfskey=/etc/keys/ecryptfs-trusted.blob
 650 ----
 651
 652 Deprecated, renamed Options
 653 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 654 Here is a list of options, which were used in dracut prior to version 008, and their new replacement.
 655
 656 rdbreak:: rd.break
 657
 658 rd_CCW:: rd.ccw
 659
 660 rd_DASD_MOD:: rd.dasd
 661
 662 rd_DASD:: rd.dasd
 663
 664 rdinitdebug rdnetdebug:: rd.debug
 665
 666 rd_NO_DM:: rd.dm=0
 667
 668 rd_DM_UUID:: rd.dm.uuid
 669
 670 rdblacklist:: rd.driver.blacklist
 671
 672 rdinsmodpost:: rd.driver.post
 673
 674 rdloaddriver:: rd.driver.pre
 675
 676 rd_NO_FSTAB:: rd.fstab=0
 677
 678 rdinfo:: rd.info
 679
 680 check:: rd.live.check
 681
 682 rdlivedebug:: rd.live.debug
 683
 684 live_dir:: rd.live.dir
 685
 686 liveimg:: rd.live.image
 687
 688 overlay:: rd.live.overlay
 689
 690 readonly_overlay:: rd.live.overlay.readonly
 691
 692 reset_overlay:: rd.live.overlay.reset
 693
 694 live_ram:: rd.live.ram
 695
 696 rd_NO_CRYPTTAB:: rd.luks.crypttab=0
 697
 698 rd_LUKS_KEYDEV_UUID:: rd.luks.keydev.uuid
 699
 700 rd_LUKS_KEYPATH:: rd.luks.keypath
 701
 702 rd_NO_LUKS:: rd.luks=0
 703
 704 rd_LUKS_UUID:: rd.luks.uuid
 705
 706 rd_NO_LVMCONF:: rd.lvm.conf
 707
 708 rd_LVM_LV:: rd.lvm.lv
 709
 710 rd_NO_LVM:: rd.lvm=0
 711
 712 rd_LVM_SNAPSHOT:: rd.lvm.snapshot
 713
 714 rd_LVM_SNAPSIZE:: rd.lvm.snapsize
 715
 716 rd_LVM_VG:: rd.lvm.vg
 717
 718 rd_NO_MDADMCONF:: rd.md.conf=0
 719
 720 rd_NO_MDIMSM:: rd.md.imsm=0
 721
 722 rd_NO_MD:: rd.md=0
 723
 724 rd_MD_UUID:: rd.md.uuid
 725
 726 rd_NFS_DOMAIN:: rd.nfs.domain
 727
 728 iscsi_initiator:: rd.iscsi.initiator
 729
 730 iscsi_target_name:: rd.iscsi.target.name
 731
 732 iscsi_target_ip:: rd.iscsi.target.ip
 733
 734 iscsi_target_port:: rd.iscsi.target.port
 735
 736 iscsi_target_group:: rd.iscsi.target.group
 737
 738 iscsi_username:: rd.iscsi.username
 739
 740 iscsi_password:: rd.iscsi.password
 741
 742 iscsi_in_username:: rd.iscsi.in.username
 743
 744 iscsi_in_password:: rd.iscsi.in.password
 745
 746 iscsi_firmware:: rd.iscsi.firmware=0
 747
 748 rd_NO_PLYMOUTH:: rd.plymouth=0
 749
 750 rd_retry:: rd.retry
 751
 752 rdshell:: rd.shell
 753
 754 rd_NO_SPLASH:: rd.splash
 755
 756 rdudevdebug:: rd.udev.debug
 757
 758 rdudevinfo:: rd.udev.info
 759
 760 rd_NO_ZFCPCONF:: rd.zfcp.conf=0
 761
 762 rd_ZFCP:: rd.zfcp
 763
 764 rd_ZNET:: rd.znet
 765
 766 KEYMAP:: vconsole.keymap
 767
 768 KEYTABLE:: vconsole.keymap
 769
 770 SYSFONT:: vconsole.font
 771
 772 CONTRANS:: vconsole.font.map
 773
 774 UNIMAP:: vconsole.font.unimap
 775
 776 UNICODE:: vconsole.unicode
 777
 778 EXT_KEYMAP:: vconsole.keymap.ext
 779
 780 Configuration in the Initramfs
 781 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 782 _/etc/conf.d/_::
 783     Any files found in _/etc/conf.d/_ will be sourced in the initramfs to
 784     set initial values. Command line options will override these values
 785     set in the configuration files.
 786
 787 _/etc/cmdline_::
 788     Can contain additional command line options. Deprecated, better use /etc/cmdline.d/*.conf.
 789
 790 _/etc/cmdline.d/*.conf_::
 791     Can contain additional command line options.
 792
 793 AUTHOR
 794 ------
 795 Harald Hoyer
 796
 797 SEE ALSO
 798 --------
 799 *dracut*(8) *dracut.conf*(5)