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1 /* Natural loop functions
2 Copyright (C) 1987, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004,
3 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4
5 This file is part of GCC.
6
7 GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
8 the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
9 Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later
10 version.
11
12 GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
13 WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
14 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
15 for more details.
16
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with GCC; see the file COPYING3. If not see
19 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
20
21 #ifndef GCC_CFGLOOP_H
22 #define GCC_CFGLOOP_H
23
24 #include "basic-block.h"
25 #include "vecprim.h"
26 #include "double-int.h"
27
28 #include "bitmap.h"
29 #include "sbitmap.h"
30
31 /* Structure to hold decision about unrolling/peeling. */
32 enum lpt_dec
33 {
34 LPT_NONE,
35 LPT_PEEL_COMPLETELY,
36 LPT_PEEL_SIMPLE,
37 LPT_UNROLL_CONSTANT,
38 LPT_UNROLL_RUNTIME,
39 LPT_UNROLL_STUPID
40 };
41
42 struct GTY (()) lpt_decision {
43 enum lpt_dec decision;
44 unsigned times;
45 };
46
47 /* The type of extend applied to an IV. */
48 enum iv_extend_code
49 {
50 IV_SIGN_EXTEND,
51 IV_ZERO_EXTEND,
52 IV_UNKNOWN_EXTEND
53 };
54
55 /* The structure describing a bound on number of iterations of a loop. */
56
57 struct GTY ((chain_next ("%h.next"))) nb_iter_bound {
58 /* The statement STMT is executed at most ... */
59 gimple stmt;
60
61 /* ... BOUND + 1 times (BOUND must be an unsigned constant).
62 The + 1 is added for the following reasons:
63
64 a) 0 would otherwise be unused, while we would need to care more about
65 overflows (as MAX + 1 is sometimes produced as the estimate on number
66 of executions of STMT).
67 b) it is consistent with the result of number_of_iterations_exit. */
68 double_int bound;
69
70 /* True if the statement will cause the loop to be leaved the (at most)
71 BOUND + 1-st time it is executed, that is, all the statements after it
72 are executed at most BOUND times. */
73 bool is_exit;
74
75 /* The next bound in the list. */
76 struct nb_iter_bound *next;
77 };
78
79 /* Description of the loop exit. */
80
81 struct GTY (()) loop_exit {
82 /* The exit edge. */
83 struct edge_def *e;
84
85 /* Previous and next exit in the list of the exits of the loop. */
86 struct loop_exit *prev;
87 struct loop_exit *next;
88
89 /* Next element in the list of loops from that E exits. */
90 struct loop_exit *next_e;
91 };
92
93 typedef struct loop *loop_p;
94 DEF_VEC_P (loop_p);
95 DEF_VEC_ALLOC_P (loop_p, heap);
96 DEF_VEC_ALLOC_P (loop_p, gc);
97
98 /* An integer estimation of the number of iterations. Estimate_state
99 describes what is the state of the estimation. */
100 enum loop_estimation
101 {
102 /* Estimate was not computed yet. */
103 EST_NOT_COMPUTED,
104 /* Estimate is ready. */
105 EST_AVAILABLE
106 };
107
108 /* Structure to hold information for each natural loop. */
109 struct GTY ((chain_next ("%h.next"))) loop {
110 /* Index into loops array. */
111 int num;
112
113 /* Number of loop insns. */
114 unsigned ninsns;
115
116 /* Basic block of loop header. */
117 struct basic_block_def *header;
118
119 /* Basic block of loop latch. */
120 struct basic_block_def *latch;
121
122 /* For loop unrolling/peeling decision. */
123 struct lpt_decision lpt_decision;
124
125 /* Average number of executed insns per iteration. */
126 unsigned av_ninsns;
127
128 /* Number of blocks contained within the loop. */
129 unsigned num_nodes;
130
131 /* Superloops of the loop, starting with the outermost loop. */
132 VEC (loop_p, gc) *superloops;
133
134 /* The first inner (child) loop or NULL if innermost loop. */
135 struct loop *inner;
136
137 /* Link to the next (sibling) loop. */
138 struct loop *next;
139
140 /* Auxiliary info specific to a pass. */
141 PTR GTY ((skip (""))) aux;
142
143 /* The number of times the latch of the loop is executed. This can be an
144 INTEGER_CST, or a symbolic expression representing the number of
145 iterations like "N - 1", or a COND_EXPR containing the runtime
146 conditions under which the number of iterations is non zero.
147
148 Don't access this field directly: number_of_latch_executions
149 computes and caches the computed information in this field. */
150 tree nb_iterations;
151
152 /* An integer guaranteed to be greater or equal to nb_iterations. Only
153 valid if any_upper_bound is true. */
154 double_int nb_iterations_upper_bound;
155
156 /* An integer giving an estimate on nb_iterations. Unlike
157 nb_iterations_upper_bound, there is no guarantee that it is at least
158 nb_iterations. */
159 double_int nb_iterations_estimate;
160
161 bool any_upper_bound;
162 bool any_estimate;
163
164 /* True if the loop can be parallel. */
165 bool can_be_parallel;
166
167 /* An integer estimation of the number of iterations. Estimate_state
168 describes what is the state of the estimation. */
169 enum loop_estimation estimate_state;
170
171 /* Upper bound on number of iterations of a loop. */
172 struct nb_iter_bound *bounds;
173
174 /* Head of the cyclic list of the exits of the loop. */
175 struct loop_exit *exits;
176 };
177
178 /* Flags for state of loop structure. */
179 enum
180 {
181 LOOPS_HAVE_PREHEADERS = 1,
182 LOOPS_HAVE_SIMPLE_LATCHES = 2,
183 LOOPS_HAVE_MARKED_IRREDUCIBLE_REGIONS = 4,
184 LOOPS_HAVE_RECORDED_EXITS = 8,
185 LOOPS_MAY_HAVE_MULTIPLE_LATCHES = 16,
186 LOOP_CLOSED_SSA = 32,
187 LOOPS_NEED_FIXUP = 64,
188 LOOPS_HAVE_FALLTHRU_PREHEADERS = 128
189 };
190
191 #define LOOPS_NORMAL (LOOPS_HAVE_PREHEADERS | LOOPS_HAVE_SIMPLE_LATCHES \
192 | LOOPS_HAVE_MARKED_IRREDUCIBLE_REGIONS)
193 #define AVOID_CFG_MODIFICATIONS (LOOPS_MAY_HAVE_MULTIPLE_LATCHES)
194
195 /* Structure to hold CFG information about natural loops within a function. */
196 struct GTY (()) loops {
197 /* State of loops. */
198 int state;
199
200 /* Array of the loops. */
201 VEC (loop_p, gc) *larray;
202
203 /* Maps edges to the list of their descriptions as loop exits. Edges
204 whose sources or destinations have loop_father == NULL (which may
205 happen during the cfg manipulations) should not appear in EXITS. */
206 htab_t GTY((param_is (struct loop_exit))) exits;
207
208 /* Pointer to root of loop hierarchy tree. */
209 struct loop *tree_root;
210 };
211
212 /* Loop recognition. */
213 extern int flow_loops_find (struct loops *);
214 extern void disambiguate_loops_with_multiple_latches (void);
215 extern void flow_loops_free (struct loops *);
216 extern void flow_loops_dump (FILE *,
217 void (*)(const struct loop *, FILE *, int), int);
218 extern void flow_loop_dump (const struct loop *, FILE *,
219 void (*)(const struct loop *, FILE *, int), int);
220 struct loop *alloc_loop (void);
221 extern void flow_loop_free (struct loop *);
222 int flow_loop_nodes_find (basic_block, struct loop *);
223 void fix_loop_structure (bitmap changed_bbs);
224 bool mark_irreducible_loops (void);
225 void release_recorded_exits (void);
226 void record_loop_exits (void);
227 void rescan_loop_exit (edge, bool, bool);
228
229 /* Loop data structure manipulation/querying. */
230 extern void flow_loop_tree_node_add (struct loop *, struct loop *);
231 extern void flow_loop_tree_node_remove (struct loop *);
232 extern void add_loop (struct loop *, struct loop *);
233 extern bool flow_loop_nested_p (const struct loop *, const struct loop *);
234 extern bool flow_bb_inside_loop_p (const struct loop *, const_basic_block);
235 extern struct loop * find_common_loop (struct loop *, struct loop *);
236 struct loop *superloop_at_depth (struct loop *, unsigned);
237 struct eni_weights_d;
238 extern unsigned tree_num_loop_insns (struct loop *, struct eni_weights_d *);
239 extern int num_loop_insns (const struct loop *);
240 extern int average_num_loop_insns (const struct loop *);
241 extern unsigned get_loop_level (const struct loop *);
242 extern bool loop_exit_edge_p (const struct loop *, const_edge);
243 extern bool loop_exits_to_bb_p (struct loop *, basic_block);
244 extern bool loop_exits_from_bb_p (struct loop *, basic_block);
245 extern void mark_loop_exit_edges (void);
246
247 /* Loops & cfg manipulation. */
248 extern basic_block *get_loop_body (const struct loop *);
249 extern unsigned get_loop_body_with_size (const struct loop *, basic_block *,
250 unsigned);
251 extern basic_block *get_loop_body_in_dom_order (const struct loop *);
252 extern basic_block *get_loop_body_in_bfs_order (const struct loop *);
253 extern basic_block *get_loop_body_in_custom_order (const struct loop *,
254 int (*) (const void *, const void *));
255
256 extern VEC (edge, heap) *get_loop_exit_edges (const struct loop *);
257 edge single_exit (const struct loop *);
258 extern unsigned num_loop_branches (const struct loop *);
259
260 extern edge loop_preheader_edge (const struct loop *);
261 extern edge loop_latch_edge (const struct loop *);
262
263 extern void add_bb_to_loop (basic_block, struct loop *);
264 extern void remove_bb_from_loops (basic_block);
265
266 extern void cancel_loop_tree (struct loop *);
267 extern void delete_loop (struct loop *);
268
269 enum
270 {
271 CP_SIMPLE_PREHEADERS = 1,
272 CP_FALLTHRU_PREHEADERS = 2
273 };
274
275 basic_block create_preheader (struct loop *, int);
276 extern void create_preheaders (int);
277 extern void force_single_succ_latches (void);
278
279 extern void verify_loop_structure (void);
280
281 /* Loop analysis. */
282 extern bool just_once_each_iteration_p (const struct loop *, const_basic_block);
283 gcov_type expected_loop_iterations_unbounded (const struct loop *);
284 extern unsigned expected_loop_iterations (const struct loop *);
285 extern rtx doloop_condition_get (rtx);
286
287 void estimate_numbers_of_iterations_loop (struct loop *);
288 void record_niter_bound (struct loop *, double_int, bool, bool);
289 bool estimated_loop_iterations (struct loop *, double_int *);
290 bool max_loop_iterations (struct loop *, double_int *);
291 HOST_WIDE_INT estimated_loop_iterations_int (struct loop *);
292 HOST_WIDE_INT max_loop_iterations_int (struct loop *);
293 bool max_stmt_executions (struct loop *, double_int *);
294 bool estimated_stmt_executions (struct loop *, double_int *);
295 HOST_WIDE_INT max_stmt_executions_int (struct loop *);
296 HOST_WIDE_INT estimated_stmt_executions_int (struct loop *);
297
298 /* Loop manipulation. */
299 extern bool can_duplicate_loop_p (const struct loop *loop);
300
301 #define DLTHE_FLAG_UPDATE_FREQ 1 /* Update frequencies in
302 duplicate_loop_to_header_edge. */
303 #define DLTHE_RECORD_COPY_NUMBER 2 /* Record copy number in the aux
304 field of newly create BB. */
305 #define DLTHE_FLAG_COMPLETTE_PEEL 4 /* Update frequencies expecting
306 a complete peeling. */
307
308 extern edge create_empty_if_region_on_edge (edge, tree);
309 extern struct loop *create_empty_loop_on_edge (edge, tree, tree, tree, tree,
310 tree *, tree *, struct loop *);
311 extern struct loop * duplicate_loop (struct loop *, struct loop *);
312 extern void duplicate_subloops (struct loop *, struct loop *);
313 extern bool duplicate_loop_to_header_edge (struct loop *, edge,
314 unsigned, sbitmap, edge,
315 VEC (edge, heap) **, int);
316 extern struct loop *loopify (edge, edge,
317 basic_block, edge, edge, bool,
318 unsigned, unsigned);
319 struct loop * loop_version (struct loop *, void *,
320 basic_block *, unsigned, unsigned, unsigned, bool);
321 extern bool remove_path (edge);
322 void scale_loop_frequencies (struct loop *, int, int);
323
324 /* Induction variable analysis. */
325
326 /* The description of induction variable. The things are a bit complicated
327 due to need to handle subregs and extends. The value of the object described
328 by it can be obtained as follows (all computations are done in extend_mode):
329
330 Value in i-th iteration is
331 delta + mult * extend_{extend_mode} (subreg_{mode} (base + i * step)).
332
333 If first_special is true, the value in the first iteration is
334 delta + mult * base
335
336 If extend = UNKNOWN, first_special must be false, delta 0, mult 1 and value is
337 subreg_{mode} (base + i * step)
338
339 The get_iv_value function can be used to obtain these expressions.
340
341 ??? Add a third mode field that would specify the mode in that inner
342 computation is done, which would enable it to be different from the
343 outer one? */
344
345 struct rtx_iv
346 {
347 /* Its base and step (mode of base and step is supposed to be extend_mode,
348 see the description above). */
349 rtx base, step;
350
351 /* The type of extend applied to it (IV_SIGN_EXTEND, IV_ZERO_EXTEND,
352 or IV_UNKNOWN_EXTEND). */
353 enum iv_extend_code extend;
354
355 /* Operations applied in the extended mode. */
356 rtx delta, mult;
357
358 /* The mode it is extended to. */
359 enum machine_mode extend_mode;
360
361 /* The mode the variable iterates in. */
362 enum machine_mode mode;
363
364 /* Whether the first iteration needs to be handled specially. */
365 unsigned first_special : 1;
366 };
367
368 /* The description of an exit from the loop and of the number of iterations
369 till we take the exit. */
370
371 struct niter_desc
372 {
373 /* The edge out of the loop. */
374 edge out_edge;
375
376 /* The other edge leading from the condition. */
377 edge in_edge;
378
379 /* True if we are able to say anything about number of iterations of the
380 loop. */
381 bool simple_p;
382
383 /* True if the loop iterates the constant number of times. */
384 bool const_iter;
385
386 /* Number of iterations if constant. */
387 unsigned HOST_WIDEST_INT niter;
388
389 /* Upper bound on the number of iterations. */
390 unsigned HOST_WIDEST_INT niter_max;
391
392 /* Assumptions under that the rest of the information is valid. */
393 rtx assumptions;
394
395 /* Assumptions under that the loop ends before reaching the latch,
396 even if value of niter_expr says otherwise. */
397 rtx noloop_assumptions;
398
399 /* Condition under that the loop is infinite. */
400 rtx infinite;
401
402 /* Whether the comparison is signed. */
403 bool signed_p;
404
405 /* The mode in that niter_expr should be computed. */
406 enum machine_mode mode;
407
408 /* The number of iterations of the loop. */
409 rtx niter_expr;
410 };
411
412 extern void iv_analysis_loop_init (struct loop *);
413 extern bool iv_analyze (rtx, rtx, struct rtx_iv *);
414 extern bool iv_analyze_result (rtx, rtx, struct rtx_iv *);
415 extern bool iv_analyze_expr (rtx, rtx, enum machine_mode, struct rtx_iv *);
416 extern rtx get_iv_value (struct rtx_iv *, rtx);
417 extern bool biv_p (rtx, rtx);
418 extern void find_simple_exit (struct loop *, struct niter_desc *);
419 extern void iv_analysis_done (void);
420
421 extern struct niter_desc *get_simple_loop_desc (struct loop *loop);
422 extern void free_simple_loop_desc (struct loop *loop);
423
424 static inline struct niter_desc *
425 simple_loop_desc (struct loop *loop)
426 {
427 return (struct niter_desc *) loop->aux;
428 }
429
430 /* Accessors for the loop structures. */
431
432 /* Returns the loop with index NUM from current_loops. */
433
434 static inline struct loop *
435 get_loop (unsigned num)
436 {
437 return VEC_index (loop_p, current_loops->larray, num);
438 }
439
440 /* Returns the number of superloops of LOOP. */
441
442 static inline unsigned
443 loop_depth (const struct loop *loop)
444 {
445 return VEC_length (loop_p, loop->superloops);
446 }
447
448 /* Returns the immediate superloop of LOOP, or NULL if LOOP is the outermost
449 loop. */
450
451 static inline struct loop *
452 loop_outer (const struct loop *loop)
453 {
454 unsigned n = VEC_length (loop_p, loop->superloops);
455
456 if (n == 0)
457 return NULL;
458
459 return VEC_index (loop_p, loop->superloops, n - 1);
460 }
461
462 /* Returns true if LOOP has at least one exit edge. */
463
464 static inline bool
465 loop_has_exit_edges (const struct loop *loop)
466 {
467 return loop->exits->next->e != NULL;
468 }
469
470 /* Returns the list of loops in current_loops. */
471
472 static inline VEC (loop_p, gc) *
473 get_loops (void)
474 {
475 if (!current_loops)
476 return NULL;
477
478 return current_loops->larray;
479 }
480
481 /* Returns the number of loops in current_loops (including the removed
482 ones and the fake loop that forms the root of the loop tree). */
483
484 static inline unsigned
485 number_of_loops (void)
486 {
487 if (!current_loops)
488 return 0;
489
490 return VEC_length (loop_p, current_loops->larray);
491 }
492
493 /* Returns true if state of the loops satisfies all properties
494 described by FLAGS. */
495
496 static inline bool
497 loops_state_satisfies_p (unsigned flags)
498 {
499 return (current_loops->state & flags) == flags;
500 }
501
502 /* Sets FLAGS to the loops state. */
503
504 static inline void
505 loops_state_set (unsigned flags)
506 {
507 current_loops->state |= flags;
508 }
509
510 /* Clears FLAGS from the loops state. */
511
512 static inline void
513 loops_state_clear (unsigned flags)
514 {
515 if (!current_loops)
516 return;
517 current_loops->state &= ~flags;
518 }
519
520 /* Loop iterators. */
521
522 /* Flags for loop iteration. */
523
524 enum li_flags
525 {
526 LI_INCLUDE_ROOT = 1, /* Include the fake root of the loop tree. */
527 LI_FROM_INNERMOST = 2, /* Iterate over the loops in the reverse order,
528 starting from innermost ones. */
529 LI_ONLY_INNERMOST = 4 /* Iterate only over innermost loops. */
530 };
531
532 /* The iterator for loops. */
533
534 typedef struct
535 {
536 /* The list of loops to visit. */
537 VEC(int,heap) *to_visit;
538
539 /* The index of the actual loop. */
540 unsigned idx;
541 } loop_iterator;
542
543 static inline void
544 fel_next (loop_iterator *li, loop_p *loop)
545 {
546 int anum;
547
548 while (VEC_iterate (int, li->to_visit, li->idx, anum))
549 {
550 li->idx++;
551 *loop = get_loop (anum);
552 if (*loop)
553 return;
554 }
555
556 VEC_free (int, heap, li->to_visit);
557 *loop = NULL;
558 }
559
560 static inline void
561 fel_init (loop_iterator *li, loop_p *loop, unsigned flags)
562 {
563 struct loop *aloop;
564 unsigned i;
565 int mn;
566
567 li->idx = 0;
568 if (!current_loops)
569 {
570 li->to_visit = NULL;
571 *loop = NULL;
572 return;
573 }
574
575 li->to_visit = VEC_alloc (int, heap, number_of_loops ());
576 mn = (flags & LI_INCLUDE_ROOT) ? 0 : 1;
577
578 if (flags & LI_ONLY_INNERMOST)
579 {
580 for (i = 0; VEC_iterate (loop_p, current_loops->larray, i, aloop); i++)
581 if (aloop != NULL
582 && aloop->inner == NULL
583 && aloop->num >= mn)
584 VEC_quick_push (int, li->to_visit, aloop->num);
585 }
586 else if (flags & LI_FROM_INNERMOST)
587 {
588 /* Push the loops to LI->TO_VISIT in postorder. */
589 for (aloop = current_loops->tree_root;
590 aloop->inner != NULL;
591 aloop = aloop->inner)
592 continue;
593
594 while (1)
595 {
596 if (aloop->num >= mn)
597 VEC_quick_push (int, li->to_visit, aloop->num);
598
599 if (aloop->next)
600 {
601 for (aloop = aloop->next;
602 aloop->inner != NULL;
603 aloop = aloop->inner)
604 continue;
605 }
606 else if (!loop_outer (aloop))
607 break;
608 else
609 aloop = loop_outer (aloop);
610 }
611 }
612 else
613 {
614 /* Push the loops to LI->TO_VISIT in preorder. */
615 aloop = current_loops->tree_root;
616 while (1)
617 {
618 if (aloop->num >= mn)
619 VEC_quick_push (int, li->to_visit, aloop->num);
620
621 if (aloop->inner != NULL)
622 aloop = aloop->inner;
623 else
624 {
625 while (aloop != NULL && aloop->next == NULL)
626 aloop = loop_outer (aloop);
627 if (aloop == NULL)
628 break;
629 aloop = aloop->next;
630 }
631 }
632 }
633
634 fel_next (li, loop);
635 }
636
637 #define FOR_EACH_LOOP(LI, LOOP, FLAGS) \
638 for (fel_init (&(LI), &(LOOP), FLAGS); \
639 (LOOP); \
640 fel_next (&(LI), &(LOOP)))
641
642 #define FOR_EACH_LOOP_BREAK(LI) \
643 { \
644 VEC_free (int, heap, (LI)->to_visit); \
645 break; \
646 }
647
648 /* The properties of the target. */
649 struct target_cfgloop {
650 /* Number of available registers. */
651 unsigned x_target_avail_regs;
652
653 /* Number of available registers that are call-clobbered. */
654 unsigned x_target_clobbered_regs;
655
656 /* Number of registers reserved for temporary expressions. */
657 unsigned x_target_res_regs;
658
659 /* The cost for register when there still is some reserve, but we are
660 approaching the number of available registers. */
661 unsigned x_target_reg_cost[2];
662
663 /* The cost for register when we need to spill. */
664 unsigned x_target_spill_cost[2];
665 };
666
667 extern struct target_cfgloop default_target_cfgloop;
668 #if SWITCHABLE_TARGET
669 extern struct target_cfgloop *this_target_cfgloop;
670 #else
671 #define this_target_cfgloop (&default_target_cfgloop)
672 #endif
673
674 #define target_avail_regs \
675 (this_target_cfgloop->x_target_avail_regs)
676 #define target_clobbered_regs \
677 (this_target_cfgloop->x_target_clobbered_regs)
678 #define target_res_regs \
679 (this_target_cfgloop->x_target_res_regs)
680 #define target_reg_cost \
681 (this_target_cfgloop->x_target_reg_cost)
682 #define target_spill_cost \
683 (this_target_cfgloop->x_target_spill_cost)
684
685 /* Register pressure estimation for induction variable optimizations & loop
686 invariant motion. */
687 extern unsigned estimate_reg_pressure_cost (unsigned, unsigned, bool, bool);
688 extern void init_set_costs (void);
689
690 /* Loop optimizer initialization. */
691 extern void loop_optimizer_init (unsigned);
692 extern void loop_optimizer_finalize (void);
693
694 /* Optimization passes. */
695 extern void unswitch_loops (void);
696
697 enum
698 {
699 UAP_PEEL = 1, /* Enables loop peeling. */
700 UAP_UNROLL = 2, /* Enables unrolling of loops if it seems profitable. */
701 UAP_UNROLL_ALL = 4 /* Enables unrolling of all loops. */
702 };
703
704 extern void unroll_and_peel_loops (int);
705 extern void doloop_optimize_loops (void);
706 extern void move_loop_invariants (void);
707 extern bool finite_loop_p (struct loop *);
708
709 #endif /* GCC_CFGLOOP_H */