1 /* Predictive commoning.
2 Copyright (C) 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012
3 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 This file is part of GCC.
7 GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
8 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
9 Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any
12 GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
13 ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
14 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with GCC; see the file COPYING3. If not see
19 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
21 /* This file implements the predictive commoning optimization. Predictive
22 commoning can be viewed as CSE around a loop, and with some improvements,
23 as generalized strength reduction-- i.e., reusing values computed in
24 earlier iterations of a loop in the later ones. So far, the pass only
25 handles the most useful case, that is, reusing values of memory references.
26 If you think this is all just a special case of PRE, you are sort of right;
27 however, concentrating on loops is simpler, and makes it possible to
28 incorporate data dependence analysis to detect the opportunities, perform
29 loop unrolling to avoid copies together with renaming immediately,
30 and if needed, we could also take register pressure into account.
32 Let us demonstrate what is done on an example:
34 for (i = 0; i < 100; i++)
36 a[i+2] = a[i] + a[i+1];
42 1) We find data references in the loop, and split them to mutually
43 independent groups (i.e., we find components of a data dependence
44 graph). We ignore read-read dependences whose distance is not constant.
45 (TODO -- we could also ignore antidependences). In this example, we
46 find the following groups:
48 a[i]{read}, a[i+1]{read}, a[i+2]{write}
49 b[10]{read}, b[10]{write}
50 c[99 - i]{read}, c[i]{write}
51 d[i + 1]{read}, d[i]{write}
53 2) Inside each of the group, we verify several conditions:
54 a) all the references must differ in indices only, and the indices
55 must all have the same step
56 b) the references must dominate loop latch (and thus, they must be
57 ordered by dominance relation).
58 c) the distance of the indices must be a small multiple of the step
59 We are then able to compute the difference of the references (# of
60 iterations before they point to the same place as the first of them).
61 Also, in case there are writes in the loop, we split the groups into
62 chains whose head is the write whose values are used by the reads in
63 the same chain. The chains are then processed independently,
64 making the further transformations simpler. Also, the shorter chains
65 need the same number of registers, but may require lower unrolling
66 factor in order to get rid of the copies on the loop latch.
68 In our example, we get the following chains (the chain for c is invalid).
70 a[i]{read,+0}, a[i+1]{read,-1}, a[i+2]{write,-2}
71 b[10]{read,+0}, b[10]{write,+0}
72 d[i + 1]{read,+0}, d[i]{write,+1}
74 3) For each read, we determine the read or write whose value it reuses,
75 together with the distance of this reuse. I.e. we take the last
76 reference before it with distance 0, or the last of the references
77 with the smallest positive distance to the read. Then, we remove
78 the references that are not used in any of these chains, discard the
79 empty groups, and propagate all the links so that they point to the
80 single root reference of the chain (adjusting their distance
81 appropriately). Some extra care needs to be taken for references with
82 step 0. In our example (the numbers indicate the distance of the
85 a[i] --> (*) 2, a[i+1] --> (*) 1, a[i+2] (*)
86 b[10] --> (*) 1, b[10] (*)
88 4) The chains are combined together if possible. If the corresponding
89 elements of two chains are always combined together with the same
90 operator, we remember just the result of this combination, instead
91 of remembering the values separately. We may need to perform
92 reassociation to enable combining, for example
94 e[i] + f[i+1] + e[i+1] + f[i]
96 can be reassociated as
98 (e[i] + f[i]) + (e[i+1] + f[i+1])
100 and we can combine the chains for e and f into one chain.
102 5) For each root reference (end of the chain) R, let N be maximum distance
103 of a reference reusing its value. Variables R0 up to RN are created,
104 together with phi nodes that transfer values from R1 .. RN to
106 Initial values are loaded to R0..R(N-1) (in case not all references
107 must necessarily be accessed and they may trap, we may fail here;
108 TODO sometimes, the loads could be guarded by a check for the number
109 of iterations). Values loaded/stored in roots are also copied to
110 RN. Other reads are replaced with the appropriate variable Ri.
111 Everything is put to SSA form.
113 As a small improvement, if R0 is dead after the root (i.e., all uses of
114 the value with the maximum distance dominate the root), we can avoid
115 creating RN and use R0 instead of it.
117 In our example, we get (only the parts concerning a and b are shown):
118 for (i = 0; i < 100; i++)
130 6) Factor F for unrolling is determined as the smallest common multiple of
131 (N + 1) for each root reference (N for references for that we avoided
132 creating RN). If F and the loop is small enough, loop is unrolled F
133 times. The stores to RN (R0) in the copies of the loop body are
134 periodically replaced with R0, R1, ... (R1, R2, ...), so that they can
135 be coalesced and the copies can be eliminated.
137 TODO -- copy propagation and other optimizations may change the live
138 ranges of the temporary registers and prevent them from being coalesced;
139 this may increase the register pressure.
141 In our case, F = 2 and the (main loop of the) result is
143 for (i = 0; i < ...; i += 2)
160 TODO -- stores killing other stores can be taken into account, e.g.,
161 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
171 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
181 The interesting part is that this would generalize store motion; still, since
182 sm is performed elsewhere, it does not seem that important.
184 Predictive commoning can be generalized for arbitrary computations (not
185 just memory loads), and also nontrivial transfer functions (e.g., replacing
186 i * i with ii_last + 2 * i + 1), to generalize strength reduction. */
190 #include "coretypes.h"
195 #include "tree-flow.h"
197 #include "tree-data-ref.h"
198 #include "tree-scalar-evolution.h"
199 #include "tree-chrec.h"
201 #include "gimple-pretty-print.h"
202 #include "tree-pass.h"
203 #include "tree-affine.h"
204 #include "tree-inline.h"
206 /* The maximum number of iterations between the considered memory
209 #define MAX_DISTANCE (target_avail_regs < 16 ? 4 : 8)
211 /* Data references (or phi nodes that carry data reference values across
214 typedef struct dref_d
216 /* The reference itself. */
217 struct data_reference
*ref
;
219 /* The statement in that the reference appears. */
222 /* In case that STMT is a phi node, this field is set to the SSA name
223 defined by it in replace_phis_by_defined_names (in order to avoid
224 pointing to phi node that got reallocated in the meantime). */
225 tree name_defined_by_phi
;
227 /* Distance of the reference from the root of the chain (in number of
228 iterations of the loop). */
231 /* Number of iterations offset from the first reference in the component. */
234 /* Number of the reference in a component, in dominance ordering. */
237 /* True if the memory reference is always accessed when the loop is
239 unsigned always_accessed
: 1;
243 DEF_VEC_ALLOC_P (dref
, heap
);
245 /* Type of the chain of the references. */
249 /* The addresses of the references in the chain are constant. */
252 /* There are only loads in the chain. */
255 /* Root of the chain is store, the rest are loads. */
258 /* A combination of two chains. */
262 /* Chains of data references. */
266 /* Type of the chain. */
267 enum chain_type type
;
269 /* For combination chains, the operator and the two chains that are
270 combined, and the type of the result. */
273 struct chain
*ch1
, *ch2
;
275 /* The references in the chain. */
276 VEC(dref
,heap
) *refs
;
278 /* The maximum distance of the reference in the chain from the root. */
281 /* The variables used to copy the value throughout iterations. */
282 VEC(tree
,heap
) *vars
;
284 /* Initializers for the variables. */
285 VEC(tree
,heap
) *inits
;
287 /* True if there is a use of a variable with the maximal distance
288 that comes after the root in the loop. */
289 unsigned has_max_use_after
: 1;
291 /* True if all the memory references in the chain are always accessed. */
292 unsigned all_always_accessed
: 1;
294 /* True if this chain was combined together with some other chain. */
295 unsigned combined
: 1;
299 DEF_VEC_ALLOC_P (chain_p
, heap
);
301 /* Describes the knowledge about the step of the memory references in
306 /* The step is zero. */
309 /* The step is nonzero. */
312 /* The step may or may not be nonzero. */
316 /* Components of the data dependence graph. */
320 /* The references in the component. */
321 VEC(dref
,heap
) *refs
;
323 /* What we know about the step of the references in the component. */
324 enum ref_step_type comp_step
;
326 /* Next component in the list. */
327 struct component
*next
;
330 /* Bitmap of ssa names defined by looparound phi nodes covered by chains. */
332 static bitmap looparound_phis
;
334 /* Cache used by tree_to_aff_combination_expand. */
336 static struct pointer_map_t
*name_expansions
;
338 /* Dumps data reference REF to FILE. */
340 extern void dump_dref (FILE *, dref
);
342 dump_dref (FILE *file
, dref ref
)
347 print_generic_expr (file
, DR_REF (ref
->ref
), TDF_SLIM
);
348 fprintf (file
, " (id %u%s)\n", ref
->pos
,
349 DR_IS_READ (ref
->ref
) ? "" : ", write");
351 fprintf (file
, " offset ");
352 dump_double_int (file
, ref
->offset
, false);
353 fprintf (file
, "\n");
355 fprintf (file
, " distance %u\n", ref
->distance
);
359 if (gimple_code (ref
->stmt
) == GIMPLE_PHI
)
360 fprintf (file
, " looparound ref\n");
362 fprintf (file
, " combination ref\n");
363 fprintf (file
, " in statement ");
364 print_gimple_stmt (file
, ref
->stmt
, 0, TDF_SLIM
);
365 fprintf (file
, "\n");
366 fprintf (file
, " distance %u\n", ref
->distance
);
371 /* Dumps CHAIN to FILE. */
373 extern void dump_chain (FILE *, chain_p
);
375 dump_chain (FILE *file
, chain_p chain
)
378 const char *chain_type
;
385 chain_type
= "Load motion";
389 chain_type
= "Loads-only";
393 chain_type
= "Store-loads";
397 chain_type
= "Combination";
404 fprintf (file
, "%s chain %p%s\n", chain_type
, (void *) chain
,
405 chain
->combined
? " (combined)" : "");
406 if (chain
->type
!= CT_INVARIANT
)
407 fprintf (file
, " max distance %u%s\n", chain
->length
,
408 chain
->has_max_use_after
? "" : ", may reuse first");
410 if (chain
->type
== CT_COMBINATION
)
412 fprintf (file
, " equal to %p %s %p in type ",
413 (void *) chain
->ch1
, op_symbol_code (chain
->op
),
414 (void *) chain
->ch2
);
415 print_generic_expr (file
, chain
->rslt_type
, TDF_SLIM
);
416 fprintf (file
, "\n");
421 fprintf (file
, " vars");
422 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (tree
, chain
->vars
, i
, var
)
425 print_generic_expr (file
, var
, TDF_SLIM
);
427 fprintf (file
, "\n");
432 fprintf (file
, " inits");
433 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (tree
, chain
->inits
, i
, var
)
436 print_generic_expr (file
, var
, TDF_SLIM
);
438 fprintf (file
, "\n");
441 fprintf (file
, " references:\n");
442 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (dref
, chain
->refs
, i
, a
)
445 fprintf (file
, "\n");
448 /* Dumps CHAINS to FILE. */
450 extern void dump_chains (FILE *, VEC (chain_p
, heap
) *);
452 dump_chains (FILE *file
, VEC (chain_p
, heap
) *chains
)
457 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (chain_p
, chains
, i
, chain
)
458 dump_chain (file
, chain
);
461 /* Dumps COMP to FILE. */
463 extern void dump_component (FILE *, struct component
*);
465 dump_component (FILE *file
, struct component
*comp
)
470 fprintf (file
, "Component%s:\n",
471 comp
->comp_step
== RS_INVARIANT
? " (invariant)" : "");
472 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (dref
, comp
->refs
, i
, a
)
474 fprintf (file
, "\n");
477 /* Dumps COMPS to FILE. */
479 extern void dump_components (FILE *, struct component
*);
481 dump_components (FILE *file
, struct component
*comps
)
483 struct component
*comp
;
485 for (comp
= comps
; comp
; comp
= comp
->next
)
486 dump_component (file
, comp
);
489 /* Frees a chain CHAIN. */
492 release_chain (chain_p chain
)
500 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (dref
, chain
->refs
, i
, ref
)
503 VEC_free (dref
, heap
, chain
->refs
);
504 VEC_free (tree
, heap
, chain
->vars
);
505 VEC_free (tree
, heap
, chain
->inits
);
513 release_chains (VEC (chain_p
, heap
) *chains
)
518 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (chain_p
, chains
, i
, chain
)
519 release_chain (chain
);
520 VEC_free (chain_p
, heap
, chains
);
523 /* Frees a component COMP. */
526 release_component (struct component
*comp
)
528 VEC_free (dref
, heap
, comp
->refs
);
532 /* Frees list of components COMPS. */
535 release_components (struct component
*comps
)
537 struct component
*act
, *next
;
539 for (act
= comps
; act
; act
= next
)
542 release_component (act
);
546 /* Finds a root of tree given by FATHERS containing A, and performs path
550 component_of (unsigned fathers
[], unsigned a
)
554 for (root
= a
; root
!= fathers
[root
]; root
= fathers
[root
])
557 for (; a
!= root
; a
= n
)
566 /* Join operation for DFU. FATHERS gives the tree, SIZES are sizes of the
567 components, A and B are components to merge. */
570 merge_comps (unsigned fathers
[], unsigned sizes
[], unsigned a
, unsigned b
)
572 unsigned ca
= component_of (fathers
, a
);
573 unsigned cb
= component_of (fathers
, b
);
578 if (sizes
[ca
] < sizes
[cb
])
580 sizes
[cb
] += sizes
[ca
];
585 sizes
[ca
] += sizes
[cb
];
590 /* Returns true if A is a reference that is suitable for predictive commoning
591 in the innermost loop that contains it. REF_STEP is set according to the
592 step of the reference A. */
595 suitable_reference_p (struct data_reference
*a
, enum ref_step_type
*ref_step
)
597 tree ref
= DR_REF (a
), step
= DR_STEP (a
);
600 || TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (ref
)
601 || !is_gimple_reg_type (TREE_TYPE (ref
))
602 || tree_could_throw_p (ref
))
605 if (integer_zerop (step
))
606 *ref_step
= RS_INVARIANT
;
607 else if (integer_nonzerop (step
))
608 *ref_step
= RS_NONZERO
;
615 /* Stores DR_OFFSET (DR) + DR_INIT (DR) to OFFSET. */
618 aff_combination_dr_offset (struct data_reference
*dr
, aff_tree
*offset
)
620 tree type
= TREE_TYPE (DR_OFFSET (dr
));
623 tree_to_aff_combination_expand (DR_OFFSET (dr
), type
, offset
,
625 aff_combination_const (&delta
, type
, tree_to_double_int (DR_INIT (dr
)));
626 aff_combination_add (offset
, &delta
);
629 /* Determines number of iterations of the innermost enclosing loop before B
630 refers to exactly the same location as A and stores it to OFF. If A and
631 B do not have the same step, they never meet, or anything else fails,
632 returns false, otherwise returns true. Both A and B are assumed to
633 satisfy suitable_reference_p. */
636 determine_offset (struct data_reference
*a
, struct data_reference
*b
,
639 aff_tree diff
, baseb
, step
;
642 /* Check that both the references access the location in the same type. */
643 typea
= TREE_TYPE (DR_REF (a
));
644 typeb
= TREE_TYPE (DR_REF (b
));
645 if (!useless_type_conversion_p (typeb
, typea
))
648 /* Check whether the base address and the step of both references is the
650 if (!operand_equal_p (DR_STEP (a
), DR_STEP (b
), 0)
651 || !operand_equal_p (DR_BASE_ADDRESS (a
), DR_BASE_ADDRESS (b
), 0))
654 if (integer_zerop (DR_STEP (a
)))
656 /* If the references have loop invariant address, check that they access
657 exactly the same location. */
658 *off
= double_int_zero
;
659 return (operand_equal_p (DR_OFFSET (a
), DR_OFFSET (b
), 0)
660 && operand_equal_p (DR_INIT (a
), DR_INIT (b
), 0));
663 /* Compare the offsets of the addresses, and check whether the difference
664 is a multiple of step. */
665 aff_combination_dr_offset (a
, &diff
);
666 aff_combination_dr_offset (b
, &baseb
);
667 aff_combination_scale (&baseb
, double_int_minus_one
);
668 aff_combination_add (&diff
, &baseb
);
670 tree_to_aff_combination_expand (DR_STEP (a
), TREE_TYPE (DR_STEP (a
)),
671 &step
, &name_expansions
);
672 return aff_combination_constant_multiple_p (&diff
, &step
, off
);
675 /* Returns the last basic block in LOOP for that we are sure that
676 it is executed whenever the loop is entered. */
679 last_always_executed_block (struct loop
*loop
)
682 VEC (edge
, heap
) *exits
= get_loop_exit_edges (loop
);
684 basic_block last
= loop
->latch
;
686 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (edge
, exits
, i
, ex
)
687 last
= nearest_common_dominator (CDI_DOMINATORS
, last
, ex
->src
);
688 VEC_free (edge
, heap
, exits
);
693 /* Splits dependence graph on DATAREFS described by DEPENDS to components. */
695 static struct component
*
696 split_data_refs_to_components (struct loop
*loop
,
697 VEC (data_reference_p
, heap
) *datarefs
,
698 VEC (ddr_p
, heap
) *depends
)
700 unsigned i
, n
= VEC_length (data_reference_p
, datarefs
);
701 unsigned ca
, ia
, ib
, bad
;
702 unsigned *comp_father
= XNEWVEC (unsigned, n
+ 1);
703 unsigned *comp_size
= XNEWVEC (unsigned, n
+ 1);
704 struct component
**comps
;
705 struct data_reference
*dr
, *dra
, *drb
;
706 struct data_dependence_relation
*ddr
;
707 struct component
*comp_list
= NULL
, *comp
;
709 basic_block last_always_executed
= last_always_executed_block (loop
);
711 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (data_reference_p
, datarefs
, i
, dr
)
715 /* A fake reference for call or asm_expr that may clobber memory;
719 dr
->aux
= (void *) (size_t) i
;
724 /* A component reserved for the "bad" data references. */
728 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (data_reference_p
, datarefs
, i
, dr
)
730 enum ref_step_type dummy
;
732 if (!suitable_reference_p (dr
, &dummy
))
734 ia
= (unsigned) (size_t) dr
->aux
;
735 merge_comps (comp_father
, comp_size
, n
, ia
);
739 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (ddr_p
, depends
, i
, ddr
)
741 double_int dummy_off
;
743 if (DDR_ARE_DEPENDENT (ddr
) == chrec_known
)
748 ia
= component_of (comp_father
, (unsigned) (size_t) dra
->aux
);
749 ib
= component_of (comp_father
, (unsigned) (size_t) drb
->aux
);
753 bad
= component_of (comp_father
, n
);
755 /* If both A and B are reads, we may ignore unsuitable dependences. */
756 if (DR_IS_READ (dra
) && DR_IS_READ (drb
)
757 && (ia
== bad
|| ib
== bad
758 || !determine_offset (dra
, drb
, &dummy_off
)))
761 merge_comps (comp_father
, comp_size
, ia
, ib
);
764 comps
= XCNEWVEC (struct component
*, n
);
765 bad
= component_of (comp_father
, n
);
766 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (data_reference_p
, datarefs
, i
, dr
)
768 ia
= (unsigned) (size_t) dr
->aux
;
769 ca
= component_of (comp_father
, ia
);
776 comp
= XCNEW (struct component
);
777 comp
->refs
= VEC_alloc (dref
, heap
, comp_size
[ca
]);
781 dataref
= XCNEW (struct dref_d
);
783 dataref
->stmt
= DR_STMT (dr
);
784 dataref
->offset
= double_int_zero
;
785 dataref
->distance
= 0;
787 dataref
->always_accessed
788 = dominated_by_p (CDI_DOMINATORS
, last_always_executed
,
789 gimple_bb (dataref
->stmt
));
790 dataref
->pos
= VEC_length (dref
, comp
->refs
);
791 VEC_quick_push (dref
, comp
->refs
, dataref
);
794 for (i
= 0; i
< n
; i
++)
799 comp
->next
= comp_list
;
811 /* Returns true if the component COMP satisfies the conditions
812 described in 2) at the beginning of this file. LOOP is the current
816 suitable_component_p (struct loop
*loop
, struct component
*comp
)
820 basic_block ba
, bp
= loop
->header
;
821 bool ok
, has_write
= false;
823 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (dref
, comp
->refs
, i
, a
)
825 ba
= gimple_bb (a
->stmt
);
827 if (!just_once_each_iteration_p (loop
, ba
))
830 gcc_assert (dominated_by_p (CDI_DOMINATORS
, ba
, bp
));
833 if (DR_IS_WRITE (a
->ref
))
837 first
= VEC_index (dref
, comp
->refs
, 0);
838 ok
= suitable_reference_p (first
->ref
, &comp
->comp_step
);
840 first
->offset
= double_int_zero
;
842 for (i
= 1; VEC_iterate (dref
, comp
->refs
, i
, a
); i
++)
844 if (!determine_offset (first
->ref
, a
->ref
, &a
->offset
))
847 #ifdef ENABLE_CHECKING
849 enum ref_step_type a_step
;
850 ok
= suitable_reference_p (a
->ref
, &a_step
);
851 gcc_assert (ok
&& a_step
== comp
->comp_step
);
856 /* If there is a write inside the component, we must know whether the
857 step is nonzero or not -- we would not otherwise be able to recognize
858 whether the value accessed by reads comes from the OFFSET-th iteration
859 or the previous one. */
860 if (has_write
&& comp
->comp_step
== RS_ANY
)
866 /* Check the conditions on references inside each of components COMPS,
867 and remove the unsuitable components from the list. The new list
868 of components is returned. The conditions are described in 2) at
869 the beginning of this file. LOOP is the current loop. */
871 static struct component
*
872 filter_suitable_components (struct loop
*loop
, struct component
*comps
)
874 struct component
**comp
, *act
;
876 for (comp
= &comps
; *comp
; )
879 if (suitable_component_p (loop
, act
))
887 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (dref
, act
->refs
, i
, ref
)
889 release_component (act
);
896 /* Compares two drefs A and B by their offset and position. Callback for
900 order_drefs (const void *a
, const void *b
)
902 const dref
*const da
= (const dref
*) a
;
903 const dref
*const db
= (const dref
*) b
;
904 int offcmp
= double_int_scmp ((*da
)->offset
, (*db
)->offset
);
909 return (*da
)->pos
- (*db
)->pos
;
912 /* Returns root of the CHAIN. */
915 get_chain_root (chain_p chain
)
917 return VEC_index (dref
, chain
->refs
, 0);
920 /* Adds REF to the chain CHAIN. */
923 add_ref_to_chain (chain_p chain
, dref ref
)
925 dref root
= get_chain_root (chain
);
928 gcc_assert (double_int_scmp (root
->offset
, ref
->offset
) <= 0);
929 dist
= double_int_sub (ref
->offset
, root
->offset
);
930 if (double_int_ucmp (uhwi_to_double_int (MAX_DISTANCE
), dist
) <= 0)
935 gcc_assert (double_int_fits_in_uhwi_p (dist
));
937 VEC_safe_push (dref
, heap
, chain
->refs
, ref
);
939 ref
->distance
= double_int_to_uhwi (dist
);
941 if (ref
->distance
>= chain
->length
)
943 chain
->length
= ref
->distance
;
944 chain
->has_max_use_after
= false;
947 if (ref
->distance
== chain
->length
948 && ref
->pos
> root
->pos
)
949 chain
->has_max_use_after
= true;
951 chain
->all_always_accessed
&= ref
->always_accessed
;
954 /* Returns the chain for invariant component COMP. */
957 make_invariant_chain (struct component
*comp
)
959 chain_p chain
= XCNEW (struct chain
);
963 chain
->type
= CT_INVARIANT
;
965 chain
->all_always_accessed
= true;
967 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (dref
, comp
->refs
, i
, ref
)
969 VEC_safe_push (dref
, heap
, chain
->refs
, ref
);
970 chain
->all_always_accessed
&= ref
->always_accessed
;
976 /* Make a new chain rooted at REF. */
979 make_rooted_chain (dref ref
)
981 chain_p chain
= XCNEW (struct chain
);
983 chain
->type
= DR_IS_READ (ref
->ref
) ? CT_LOAD
: CT_STORE_LOAD
;
985 VEC_safe_push (dref
, heap
, chain
->refs
, ref
);
986 chain
->all_always_accessed
= ref
->always_accessed
;
993 /* Returns true if CHAIN is not trivial. */
996 nontrivial_chain_p (chain_p chain
)
998 return chain
!= NULL
&& VEC_length (dref
, chain
->refs
) > 1;
1001 /* Returns the ssa name that contains the value of REF, or NULL_TREE if there
1005 name_for_ref (dref ref
)
1009 if (is_gimple_assign (ref
->stmt
))
1011 if (!ref
->ref
|| DR_IS_READ (ref
->ref
))
1012 name
= gimple_assign_lhs (ref
->stmt
);
1014 name
= gimple_assign_rhs1 (ref
->stmt
);
1017 name
= PHI_RESULT (ref
->stmt
);
1019 return (TREE_CODE (name
) == SSA_NAME
? name
: NULL_TREE
);
1022 /* Returns true if REF is a valid initializer for ROOT with given DISTANCE (in
1023 iterations of the innermost enclosing loop). */
1026 valid_initializer_p (struct data_reference
*ref
,
1027 unsigned distance
, struct data_reference
*root
)
1029 aff_tree diff
, base
, step
;
1032 /* Both REF and ROOT must be accessing the same object. */
1033 if (!operand_equal_p (DR_BASE_ADDRESS (ref
), DR_BASE_ADDRESS (root
), 0))
1036 /* The initializer is defined outside of loop, hence its address must be
1037 invariant inside the loop. */
1038 gcc_assert (integer_zerop (DR_STEP (ref
)));
1040 /* If the address of the reference is invariant, initializer must access
1041 exactly the same location. */
1042 if (integer_zerop (DR_STEP (root
)))
1043 return (operand_equal_p (DR_OFFSET (ref
), DR_OFFSET (root
), 0)
1044 && operand_equal_p (DR_INIT (ref
), DR_INIT (root
), 0));
1046 /* Verify that this index of REF is equal to the root's index at
1047 -DISTANCE-th iteration. */
1048 aff_combination_dr_offset (root
, &diff
);
1049 aff_combination_dr_offset (ref
, &base
);
1050 aff_combination_scale (&base
, double_int_minus_one
);
1051 aff_combination_add (&diff
, &base
);
1053 tree_to_aff_combination_expand (DR_STEP (root
), TREE_TYPE (DR_STEP (root
)),
1054 &step
, &name_expansions
);
1055 if (!aff_combination_constant_multiple_p (&diff
, &step
, &off
))
1058 if (!double_int_equal_p (off
, uhwi_to_double_int (distance
)))
1064 /* Finds looparound phi node of LOOP that copies the value of REF, and if its
1065 initial value is correct (equal to initial value of REF shifted by one
1066 iteration), returns the phi node. Otherwise, NULL_TREE is returned. ROOT
1067 is the root of the current chain. */
1070 find_looparound_phi (struct loop
*loop
, dref ref
, dref root
)
1072 tree name
, init
, init_ref
;
1073 gimple phi
= NULL
, init_stmt
;
1074 edge latch
= loop_latch_edge (loop
);
1075 struct data_reference init_dr
;
1076 gimple_stmt_iterator psi
;
1078 if (is_gimple_assign (ref
->stmt
))
1080 if (DR_IS_READ (ref
->ref
))
1081 name
= gimple_assign_lhs (ref
->stmt
);
1083 name
= gimple_assign_rhs1 (ref
->stmt
);
1086 name
= PHI_RESULT (ref
->stmt
);
1090 for (psi
= gsi_start_phis (loop
->header
); !gsi_end_p (psi
); gsi_next (&psi
))
1092 phi
= gsi_stmt (psi
);
1093 if (PHI_ARG_DEF_FROM_EDGE (phi
, latch
) == name
)
1097 if (gsi_end_p (psi
))
1100 init
= PHI_ARG_DEF_FROM_EDGE (phi
, loop_preheader_edge (loop
));
1101 if (TREE_CODE (init
) != SSA_NAME
)
1103 init_stmt
= SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (init
);
1104 if (gimple_code (init_stmt
) != GIMPLE_ASSIGN
)
1106 gcc_assert (gimple_assign_lhs (init_stmt
) == init
);
1108 init_ref
= gimple_assign_rhs1 (init_stmt
);
1109 if (!REFERENCE_CLASS_P (init_ref
)
1110 && !DECL_P (init_ref
))
1113 /* Analyze the behavior of INIT_REF with respect to LOOP (innermost
1114 loop enclosing PHI). */
1115 memset (&init_dr
, 0, sizeof (struct data_reference
));
1116 DR_REF (&init_dr
) = init_ref
;
1117 DR_STMT (&init_dr
) = phi
;
1118 if (!dr_analyze_innermost (&init_dr
, loop
))
1121 if (!valid_initializer_p (&init_dr
, ref
->distance
+ 1, root
->ref
))
1127 /* Adds a reference for the looparound copy of REF in PHI to CHAIN. */
1130 insert_looparound_copy (chain_p chain
, dref ref
, gimple phi
)
1132 dref nw
= XCNEW (struct dref_d
), aref
;
1136 nw
->distance
= ref
->distance
+ 1;
1137 nw
->always_accessed
= 1;
1139 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (dref
, chain
->refs
, i
, aref
)
1140 if (aref
->distance
>= nw
->distance
)
1142 VEC_safe_insert (dref
, heap
, chain
->refs
, i
, nw
);
1144 if (nw
->distance
> chain
->length
)
1146 chain
->length
= nw
->distance
;
1147 chain
->has_max_use_after
= false;
1151 /* For references in CHAIN that are copied around the LOOP (created previously
1152 by PRE, or by user), add the results of such copies to the chain. This
1153 enables us to remove the copies by unrolling, and may need less registers
1154 (also, it may allow us to combine chains together). */
1157 add_looparound_copies (struct loop
*loop
, chain_p chain
)
1160 dref ref
, root
= get_chain_root (chain
);
1163 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (dref
, chain
->refs
, i
, ref
)
1165 phi
= find_looparound_phi (loop
, ref
, root
);
1169 bitmap_set_bit (looparound_phis
, SSA_NAME_VERSION (PHI_RESULT (phi
)));
1170 insert_looparound_copy (chain
, ref
, phi
);
1174 /* Find roots of the values and determine distances in the component COMP.
1175 The references are redistributed into CHAINS. LOOP is the current
1179 determine_roots_comp (struct loop
*loop
,
1180 struct component
*comp
,
1181 VEC (chain_p
, heap
) **chains
)
1185 chain_p chain
= NULL
;
1186 double_int last_ofs
= double_int_zero
;
1188 /* Invariants are handled specially. */
1189 if (comp
->comp_step
== RS_INVARIANT
)
1191 chain
= make_invariant_chain (comp
);
1192 VEC_safe_push (chain_p
, heap
, *chains
, chain
);
1196 VEC_qsort (dref
, comp
->refs
, order_drefs
);
1198 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (dref
, comp
->refs
, i
, a
)
1200 if (!chain
|| DR_IS_WRITE (a
->ref
)
1201 || double_int_ucmp (uhwi_to_double_int (MAX_DISTANCE
),
1202 double_int_sub (a
->offset
, last_ofs
)) <= 0)
1204 if (nontrivial_chain_p (chain
))
1206 add_looparound_copies (loop
, chain
);
1207 VEC_safe_push (chain_p
, heap
, *chains
, chain
);
1210 release_chain (chain
);
1211 chain
= make_rooted_chain (a
);
1212 last_ofs
= a
->offset
;
1216 add_ref_to_chain (chain
, a
);
1219 if (nontrivial_chain_p (chain
))
1221 add_looparound_copies (loop
, chain
);
1222 VEC_safe_push (chain_p
, heap
, *chains
, chain
);
1225 release_chain (chain
);
1228 /* Find roots of the values and determine distances in components COMPS, and
1229 separates the references to CHAINS. LOOP is the current loop. */
1232 determine_roots (struct loop
*loop
,
1233 struct component
*comps
, VEC (chain_p
, heap
) **chains
)
1235 struct component
*comp
;
1237 for (comp
= comps
; comp
; comp
= comp
->next
)
1238 determine_roots_comp (loop
, comp
, chains
);
1241 /* Replace the reference in statement STMT with temporary variable
1242 NEW_TREE. If SET is true, NEW_TREE is instead initialized to the value of
1243 the reference in the statement. IN_LHS is true if the reference
1244 is in the lhs of STMT, false if it is in rhs. */
1247 replace_ref_with (gimple stmt
, tree new_tree
, bool set
, bool in_lhs
)
1251 gimple_stmt_iterator bsi
, psi
;
1253 if (gimple_code (stmt
) == GIMPLE_PHI
)
1255 gcc_assert (!in_lhs
&& !set
);
1257 val
= PHI_RESULT (stmt
);
1258 bsi
= gsi_after_labels (gimple_bb (stmt
));
1259 psi
= gsi_for_stmt (stmt
);
1260 remove_phi_node (&psi
, false);
1262 /* Turn the phi node into GIMPLE_ASSIGN. */
1263 new_stmt
= gimple_build_assign (val
, new_tree
);
1264 gsi_insert_before (&bsi
, new_stmt
, GSI_NEW_STMT
);
1268 /* Since the reference is of gimple_reg type, it should only
1269 appear as lhs or rhs of modify statement. */
1270 gcc_assert (is_gimple_assign (stmt
));
1272 bsi
= gsi_for_stmt (stmt
);
1274 /* If we do not need to initialize NEW_TREE, just replace the use of OLD. */
1277 gcc_assert (!in_lhs
);
1278 gimple_assign_set_rhs_from_tree (&bsi
, new_tree
);
1279 stmt
= gsi_stmt (bsi
);
1286 /* We have statement
1290 If OLD is a memory reference, then VAL is gimple_val, and we transform
1296 Otherwise, we are replacing a combination chain,
1297 VAL is the expression that performs the combination, and OLD is an
1298 SSA name. In this case, we transform the assignment to
1305 val
= gimple_assign_lhs (stmt
);
1306 if (TREE_CODE (val
) != SSA_NAME
)
1308 val
= gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt
);
1309 gcc_assert (gimple_assign_single_p (stmt
));
1310 if (TREE_CLOBBER_P (val
))
1311 val
= get_or_create_ssa_default_def (cfun
, SSA_NAME_VAR (new_tree
));
1313 gcc_assert (gimple_assign_copy_p (stmt
));
1325 val
= gimple_assign_lhs (stmt
);
1328 new_stmt
= gimple_build_assign (new_tree
, unshare_expr (val
));
1329 gsi_insert_after (&bsi
, new_stmt
, GSI_NEW_STMT
);
1332 /* Returns the reference to the address of REF in the ITER-th iteration of
1333 LOOP, or NULL if we fail to determine it (ITER may be negative). We
1334 try to preserve the original shape of the reference (not rewrite it
1335 as an indirect ref to the address), to make tree_could_trap_p in
1336 prepare_initializers_chain return false more often. */
1339 ref_at_iteration (struct loop
*loop
, tree ref
, int iter
)
1341 tree idx
, *idx_p
, type
, val
, op0
= NULL_TREE
, ret
;
1345 if (handled_component_p (ref
))
1347 op0
= ref_at_iteration (loop
, TREE_OPERAND (ref
, 0), iter
);
1351 else if (!INDIRECT_REF_P (ref
)
1352 && TREE_CODE (ref
) != MEM_REF
)
1353 return unshare_expr (ref
);
1355 if (TREE_CODE (ref
) == MEM_REF
)
1357 ret
= unshare_expr (ref
);
1358 idx
= TREE_OPERAND (ref
, 0);
1359 idx_p
= &TREE_OPERAND (ret
, 0);
1361 else if (TREE_CODE (ref
) == COMPONENT_REF
)
1363 /* Check that the offset is loop invariant. */
1364 if (TREE_OPERAND (ref
, 2)
1365 && !expr_invariant_in_loop_p (loop
, TREE_OPERAND (ref
, 2)))
1368 return build3 (COMPONENT_REF
, TREE_TYPE (ref
), op0
,
1369 unshare_expr (TREE_OPERAND (ref
, 1)),
1370 unshare_expr (TREE_OPERAND (ref
, 2)));
1372 else if (TREE_CODE (ref
) == ARRAY_REF
)
1374 /* Check that the lower bound and the step are loop invariant. */
1375 if (TREE_OPERAND (ref
, 2)
1376 && !expr_invariant_in_loop_p (loop
, TREE_OPERAND (ref
, 2)))
1378 if (TREE_OPERAND (ref
, 3)
1379 && !expr_invariant_in_loop_p (loop
, TREE_OPERAND (ref
, 3)))
1382 ret
= build4 (ARRAY_REF
, TREE_TYPE (ref
), op0
, NULL_TREE
,
1383 unshare_expr (TREE_OPERAND (ref
, 2)),
1384 unshare_expr (TREE_OPERAND (ref
, 3)));
1385 idx
= TREE_OPERAND (ref
, 1);
1386 idx_p
= &TREE_OPERAND (ret
, 1);
1391 ok
= simple_iv (loop
, loop
, idx
, &iv
, true);
1394 iv
.base
= expand_simple_operations (iv
.base
);
1395 if (integer_zerop (iv
.step
))
1396 *idx_p
= unshare_expr (iv
.base
);
1399 type
= TREE_TYPE (iv
.base
);
1400 if (POINTER_TYPE_P (type
))
1402 val
= fold_build2 (MULT_EXPR
, sizetype
, iv
.step
,
1404 val
= fold_build_pointer_plus (iv
.base
, val
);
1408 val
= fold_build2 (MULT_EXPR
, type
, iv
.step
,
1409 build_int_cst_type (type
, iter
));
1410 val
= fold_build2 (PLUS_EXPR
, type
, iv
.base
, val
);
1412 *idx_p
= unshare_expr (val
);
1418 /* Get the initialization expression for the INDEX-th temporary variable
1422 get_init_expr (chain_p chain
, unsigned index
)
1424 if (chain
->type
== CT_COMBINATION
)
1426 tree e1
= get_init_expr (chain
->ch1
, index
);
1427 tree e2
= get_init_expr (chain
->ch2
, index
);
1429 return fold_build2 (chain
->op
, chain
->rslt_type
, e1
, e2
);
1432 return VEC_index (tree
, chain
->inits
, index
);
1435 /* Returns a new temporary variable used for the I-th variable carrying
1436 value of REF. The variable's uid is marked in TMP_VARS. */
1439 predcom_tmp_var (tree ref
, unsigned i
, bitmap tmp_vars
)
1441 tree type
= TREE_TYPE (ref
);
1442 /* We never access the components of the temporary variable in predictive
1444 tree var
= create_tmp_reg (type
, get_lsm_tmp_name (ref
, i
));
1445 bitmap_set_bit (tmp_vars
, DECL_UID (var
));
1449 /* Creates the variables for CHAIN, as well as phi nodes for them and
1450 initialization on entry to LOOP. Uids of the newly created
1451 temporary variables are marked in TMP_VARS. */
1454 initialize_root_vars (struct loop
*loop
, chain_p chain
, bitmap tmp_vars
)
1457 unsigned n
= chain
->length
;
1458 dref root
= get_chain_root (chain
);
1459 bool reuse_first
= !chain
->has_max_use_after
;
1460 tree ref
, init
, var
, next
;
1463 edge entry
= loop_preheader_edge (loop
), latch
= loop_latch_edge (loop
);
1465 /* If N == 0, then all the references are within the single iteration. And
1466 since this is an nonempty chain, reuse_first cannot be true. */
1467 gcc_assert (n
> 0 || !reuse_first
);
1469 chain
->vars
= VEC_alloc (tree
, heap
, n
+ 1);
1471 if (chain
->type
== CT_COMBINATION
)
1472 ref
= gimple_assign_lhs (root
->stmt
);
1474 ref
= DR_REF (root
->ref
);
1476 for (i
= 0; i
< n
+ (reuse_first
? 0 : 1); i
++)
1478 var
= predcom_tmp_var (ref
, i
, tmp_vars
);
1479 VEC_quick_push (tree
, chain
->vars
, var
);
1482 VEC_quick_push (tree
, chain
->vars
, VEC_index (tree
, chain
->vars
, 0));
1484 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (tree
, chain
->vars
, i
, var
)
1485 VEC_replace (tree
, chain
->vars
, i
, make_ssa_name (var
, NULL
));
1487 for (i
= 0; i
< n
; i
++)
1489 var
= VEC_index (tree
, chain
->vars
, i
);
1490 next
= VEC_index (tree
, chain
->vars
, i
+ 1);
1491 init
= get_init_expr (chain
, i
);
1493 init
= force_gimple_operand (init
, &stmts
, true, NULL_TREE
);
1495 gsi_insert_seq_on_edge_immediate (entry
, stmts
);
1497 phi
= create_phi_node (var
, loop
->header
);
1498 SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (var
) = phi
;
1499 add_phi_arg (phi
, init
, entry
, UNKNOWN_LOCATION
);
1500 add_phi_arg (phi
, next
, latch
, UNKNOWN_LOCATION
);
1504 /* Create the variables and initialization statement for root of chain
1505 CHAIN. Uids of the newly created temporary variables are marked
1509 initialize_root (struct loop
*loop
, chain_p chain
, bitmap tmp_vars
)
1511 dref root
= get_chain_root (chain
);
1512 bool in_lhs
= (chain
->type
== CT_STORE_LOAD
1513 || chain
->type
== CT_COMBINATION
);
1515 initialize_root_vars (loop
, chain
, tmp_vars
);
1516 replace_ref_with (root
->stmt
,
1517 VEC_index (tree
, chain
->vars
, chain
->length
),
1521 /* Initializes a variable for load motion for ROOT and prepares phi nodes and
1522 initialization on entry to LOOP if necessary. The ssa name for the variable
1523 is stored in VARS. If WRITTEN is true, also a phi node to copy its value
1524 around the loop is created. Uid of the newly created temporary variable
1525 is marked in TMP_VARS. INITS is the list containing the (single)
1529 initialize_root_vars_lm (struct loop
*loop
, dref root
, bool written
,
1530 VEC(tree
, heap
) **vars
, VEC(tree
, heap
) *inits
,
1534 tree ref
= DR_REF (root
->ref
), init
, var
, next
;
1537 edge entry
= loop_preheader_edge (loop
), latch
= loop_latch_edge (loop
);
1539 /* Find the initializer for the variable, and check that it cannot
1541 init
= VEC_index (tree
, inits
, 0);
1543 *vars
= VEC_alloc (tree
, heap
, written
? 2 : 1);
1544 var
= predcom_tmp_var (ref
, 0, tmp_vars
);
1545 VEC_quick_push (tree
, *vars
, var
);
1547 VEC_quick_push (tree
, *vars
, VEC_index (tree
, *vars
, 0));
1549 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (tree
, *vars
, i
, var
)
1550 VEC_replace (tree
, *vars
, i
, make_ssa_name (var
, NULL
));
1552 var
= VEC_index (tree
, *vars
, 0);
1554 init
= force_gimple_operand (init
, &stmts
, written
, NULL_TREE
);
1556 gsi_insert_seq_on_edge_immediate (entry
, stmts
);
1560 next
= VEC_index (tree
, *vars
, 1);
1561 phi
= create_phi_node (var
, loop
->header
);
1562 SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (var
) = phi
;
1563 add_phi_arg (phi
, init
, entry
, UNKNOWN_LOCATION
);
1564 add_phi_arg (phi
, next
, latch
, UNKNOWN_LOCATION
);
1568 gimple init_stmt
= gimple_build_assign (var
, init
);
1569 gsi_insert_on_edge_immediate (entry
, init_stmt
);
1574 /* Execute load motion for references in chain CHAIN. Uids of the newly
1575 created temporary variables are marked in TMP_VARS. */
1578 execute_load_motion (struct loop
*loop
, chain_p chain
, bitmap tmp_vars
)
1580 VEC (tree
, heap
) *vars
;
1582 unsigned n_writes
= 0, ridx
, i
;
1585 gcc_assert (chain
->type
== CT_INVARIANT
);
1586 gcc_assert (!chain
->combined
);
1587 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (dref
, chain
->refs
, i
, a
)
1588 if (DR_IS_WRITE (a
->ref
))
1591 /* If there are no reads in the loop, there is nothing to do. */
1592 if (n_writes
== VEC_length (dref
, chain
->refs
))
1595 initialize_root_vars_lm (loop
, get_chain_root (chain
), n_writes
> 0,
1596 &vars
, chain
->inits
, tmp_vars
);
1599 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (dref
, chain
->refs
, i
, a
)
1601 bool is_read
= DR_IS_READ (a
->ref
);
1603 if (DR_IS_WRITE (a
->ref
))
1608 var
= VEC_index (tree
, vars
, 0);
1609 var
= make_ssa_name (SSA_NAME_VAR (var
), NULL
);
1610 VEC_replace (tree
, vars
, 0, var
);
1616 replace_ref_with (a
->stmt
, VEC_index (tree
, vars
, ridx
),
1617 !is_read
, !is_read
);
1620 VEC_free (tree
, heap
, vars
);
1623 /* Returns the single statement in that NAME is used, excepting
1624 the looparound phi nodes contained in one of the chains. If there is no
1625 such statement, or more statements, NULL is returned. */
1628 single_nonlooparound_use (tree name
)
1631 imm_use_iterator it
;
1632 gimple stmt
, ret
= NULL
;
1634 FOR_EACH_IMM_USE_FAST (use
, it
, name
)
1636 stmt
= USE_STMT (use
);
1638 if (gimple_code (stmt
) == GIMPLE_PHI
)
1640 /* Ignore uses in looparound phi nodes. Uses in other phi nodes
1641 could not be processed anyway, so just fail for them. */
1642 if (bitmap_bit_p (looparound_phis
,
1643 SSA_NAME_VERSION (PHI_RESULT (stmt
))))
1648 else if (is_gimple_debug (stmt
))
1650 else if (ret
!= NULL
)
1659 /* Remove statement STMT, as well as the chain of assignments in that it is
1663 remove_stmt (gimple stmt
)
1667 gimple_stmt_iterator psi
;
1669 if (gimple_code (stmt
) == GIMPLE_PHI
)
1671 name
= PHI_RESULT (stmt
);
1672 next
= single_nonlooparound_use (name
);
1673 reset_debug_uses (stmt
);
1674 psi
= gsi_for_stmt (stmt
);
1675 remove_phi_node (&psi
, true);
1678 || !gimple_assign_ssa_name_copy_p (next
)
1679 || gimple_assign_rhs1 (next
) != name
)
1687 gimple_stmt_iterator bsi
;
1689 bsi
= gsi_for_stmt (stmt
);
1691 name
= gimple_assign_lhs (stmt
);
1692 gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (name
) == SSA_NAME
);
1694 next
= single_nonlooparound_use (name
);
1695 reset_debug_uses (stmt
);
1697 unlink_stmt_vdef (stmt
);
1698 gsi_remove (&bsi
, true);
1699 release_defs (stmt
);
1702 || !gimple_assign_ssa_name_copy_p (next
)
1703 || gimple_assign_rhs1 (next
) != name
)
1710 /* Perform the predictive commoning optimization for a chain CHAIN.
1711 Uids of the newly created temporary variables are marked in TMP_VARS.*/
1714 execute_pred_commoning_chain (struct loop
*loop
, chain_p chain
,
1721 if (chain
->combined
)
1723 /* For combined chains, just remove the statements that are used to
1724 compute the values of the expression (except for the root one). */
1725 for (i
= 1; VEC_iterate (dref
, chain
->refs
, i
, a
); i
++)
1726 remove_stmt (a
->stmt
);
1730 /* For non-combined chains, set up the variables that hold its value,
1731 and replace the uses of the original references by these
1733 initialize_root (loop
, chain
, tmp_vars
);
1734 for (i
= 1; VEC_iterate (dref
, chain
->refs
, i
, a
); i
++)
1736 var
= VEC_index (tree
, chain
->vars
, chain
->length
- a
->distance
);
1737 replace_ref_with (a
->stmt
, var
, false, false);
1742 /* Determines the unroll factor necessary to remove as many temporary variable
1743 copies as possible. CHAINS is the list of chains that will be
1747 determine_unroll_factor (VEC (chain_p
, heap
) *chains
)
1750 unsigned factor
= 1, af
, nfactor
, i
;
1751 unsigned max
= PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_MAX_UNROLL_TIMES
);
1753 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (chain_p
, chains
, i
, chain
)
1755 if (chain
->type
== CT_INVARIANT
|| chain
->combined
)
1758 /* The best unroll factor for this chain is equal to the number of
1759 temporary variables that we create for it. */
1761 if (chain
->has_max_use_after
)
1764 nfactor
= factor
* af
/ gcd (factor
, af
);
1772 /* Perform the predictive commoning optimization for CHAINS.
1773 Uids of the newly created temporary variables are marked in TMP_VARS. */
1776 execute_pred_commoning (struct loop
*loop
, VEC (chain_p
, heap
) *chains
,
1782 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (chain_p
, chains
, i
, chain
)
1784 if (chain
->type
== CT_INVARIANT
)
1785 execute_load_motion (loop
, chain
, tmp_vars
);
1787 execute_pred_commoning_chain (loop
, chain
, tmp_vars
);
1790 update_ssa (TODO_update_ssa_only_virtuals
);
1793 /* For each reference in CHAINS, if its defining statement is
1794 phi node, record the ssa name that is defined by it. */
1797 replace_phis_by_defined_names (VEC (chain_p
, heap
) *chains
)
1803 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (chain_p
, chains
, i
, chain
)
1804 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (dref
, chain
->refs
, j
, a
)
1806 if (gimple_code (a
->stmt
) == GIMPLE_PHI
)
1808 a
->name_defined_by_phi
= PHI_RESULT (a
->stmt
);
1814 /* For each reference in CHAINS, if name_defined_by_phi is not
1815 NULL, use it to set the stmt field. */
1818 replace_names_by_phis (VEC (chain_p
, heap
) *chains
)
1824 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (chain_p
, chains
, i
, chain
)
1825 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (dref
, chain
->refs
, j
, a
)
1826 if (a
->stmt
== NULL
)
1828 a
->stmt
= SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (a
->name_defined_by_phi
);
1829 gcc_assert (gimple_code (a
->stmt
) == GIMPLE_PHI
);
1830 a
->name_defined_by_phi
= NULL_TREE
;
1834 /* Wrapper over execute_pred_commoning, to pass it as a callback
1835 to tree_transform_and_unroll_loop. */
1839 VEC (chain_p
, heap
) *chains
;
1844 execute_pred_commoning_cbck (struct loop
*loop
, void *data
)
1846 struct epcc_data
*const dta
= (struct epcc_data
*) data
;
1848 /* Restore phi nodes that were replaced by ssa names before
1849 tree_transform_and_unroll_loop (see detailed description in
1850 tree_predictive_commoning_loop). */
1851 replace_names_by_phis (dta
->chains
);
1852 execute_pred_commoning (loop
, dta
->chains
, dta
->tmp_vars
);
1855 /* Base NAME and all the names in the chain of phi nodes that use it
1856 on variable VAR. The phi nodes are recognized by being in the copies of
1857 the header of the LOOP. */
1860 base_names_in_chain_on (struct loop
*loop
, tree name
, tree var
)
1863 imm_use_iterator iter
;
1865 replace_ssa_name_symbol (name
, var
);
1870 FOR_EACH_IMM_USE_STMT (stmt
, iter
, name
)
1872 if (gimple_code (stmt
) == GIMPLE_PHI
1873 && flow_bb_inside_loop_p (loop
, gimple_bb (stmt
)))
1876 BREAK_FROM_IMM_USE_STMT (iter
);
1882 name
= PHI_RESULT (phi
);
1883 replace_ssa_name_symbol (name
, var
);
1887 /* Given an unrolled LOOP after predictive commoning, remove the
1888 register copies arising from phi nodes by changing the base
1889 variables of SSA names. TMP_VARS is the set of the temporary variables
1890 for those we want to perform this. */
1893 eliminate_temp_copies (struct loop
*loop
, bitmap tmp_vars
)
1897 tree name
, use
, var
;
1898 gimple_stmt_iterator psi
;
1900 e
= loop_latch_edge (loop
);
1901 for (psi
= gsi_start_phis (loop
->header
); !gsi_end_p (psi
); gsi_next (&psi
))
1903 phi
= gsi_stmt (psi
);
1904 name
= PHI_RESULT (phi
);
1905 var
= SSA_NAME_VAR (name
);
1906 if (!bitmap_bit_p (tmp_vars
, DECL_UID (var
)))
1908 use
= PHI_ARG_DEF_FROM_EDGE (phi
, e
);
1909 gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (use
) == SSA_NAME
);
1911 /* Base all the ssa names in the ud and du chain of NAME on VAR. */
1912 stmt
= SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (use
);
1913 while (gimple_code (stmt
) == GIMPLE_PHI
1914 /* In case we could not unroll the loop enough to eliminate
1915 all copies, we may reach the loop header before the defining
1916 statement (in that case, some register copies will be present
1917 in loop latch in the final code, corresponding to the newly
1918 created looparound phi nodes). */
1919 && gimple_bb (stmt
) != loop
->header
)
1921 gcc_assert (single_pred_p (gimple_bb (stmt
)));
1922 use
= PHI_ARG_DEF (stmt
, 0);
1923 stmt
= SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (use
);
1926 base_names_in_chain_on (loop
, use
, var
);
1930 /* Returns true if CHAIN is suitable to be combined. */
1933 chain_can_be_combined_p (chain_p chain
)
1935 return (!chain
->combined
1936 && (chain
->type
== CT_LOAD
|| chain
->type
== CT_COMBINATION
));
1939 /* Returns the modify statement that uses NAME. Skips over assignment
1940 statements, NAME is replaced with the actual name used in the returned
1944 find_use_stmt (tree
*name
)
1949 /* Skip over assignments. */
1952 stmt
= single_nonlooparound_use (*name
);
1956 if (gimple_code (stmt
) != GIMPLE_ASSIGN
)
1959 lhs
= gimple_assign_lhs (stmt
);
1960 if (TREE_CODE (lhs
) != SSA_NAME
)
1963 if (gimple_assign_copy_p (stmt
))
1965 rhs
= gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt
);
1971 else if (get_gimple_rhs_class (gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt
))
1972 == GIMPLE_BINARY_RHS
)
1979 /* Returns true if we may perform reassociation for operation CODE in TYPE. */
1982 may_reassociate_p (tree type
, enum tree_code code
)
1984 if (FLOAT_TYPE_P (type
)
1985 && !flag_unsafe_math_optimizations
)
1988 return (commutative_tree_code (code
)
1989 && associative_tree_code (code
));
1992 /* If the operation used in STMT is associative and commutative, go through the
1993 tree of the same operations and returns its root. Distance to the root
1994 is stored in DISTANCE. */
1997 find_associative_operation_root (gimple stmt
, unsigned *distance
)
2001 enum tree_code code
= gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt
);
2002 tree type
= TREE_TYPE (gimple_assign_lhs (stmt
));
2005 if (!may_reassociate_p (type
, code
))
2010 lhs
= gimple_assign_lhs (stmt
);
2011 gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (lhs
) == SSA_NAME
);
2013 next
= find_use_stmt (&lhs
);
2015 || gimple_assign_rhs_code (next
) != code
)
2027 /* Returns the common statement in that NAME1 and NAME2 have a use. If there
2028 is no such statement, returns NULL_TREE. In case the operation used on
2029 NAME1 and NAME2 is associative and commutative, returns the root of the
2030 tree formed by this operation instead of the statement that uses NAME1 or
2034 find_common_use_stmt (tree
*name1
, tree
*name2
)
2036 gimple stmt1
, stmt2
;
2038 stmt1
= find_use_stmt (name1
);
2042 stmt2
= find_use_stmt (name2
);
2049 stmt1
= find_associative_operation_root (stmt1
, NULL
);
2052 stmt2
= find_associative_operation_root (stmt2
, NULL
);
2056 return (stmt1
== stmt2
? stmt1
: NULL
);
2059 /* Checks whether R1 and R2 are combined together using CODE, with the result
2060 in RSLT_TYPE, in order R1 CODE R2 if SWAP is false and in order R2 CODE R1
2061 if it is true. If CODE is ERROR_MARK, set these values instead. */
2064 combinable_refs_p (dref r1
, dref r2
,
2065 enum tree_code
*code
, bool *swap
, tree
*rslt_type
)
2067 enum tree_code acode
;
2073 name1
= name_for_ref (r1
);
2074 name2
= name_for_ref (r2
);
2075 gcc_assert (name1
!= NULL_TREE
&& name2
!= NULL_TREE
);
2077 stmt
= find_common_use_stmt (&name1
, &name2
);
2082 acode
= gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt
);
2083 aswap
= (!commutative_tree_code (acode
)
2084 && gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt
) != name1
);
2085 atype
= TREE_TYPE (gimple_assign_lhs (stmt
));
2087 if (*code
== ERROR_MARK
)
2095 return (*code
== acode
2097 && *rslt_type
== atype
);
2100 /* Remove OP from the operation on rhs of STMT, and replace STMT with
2101 an assignment of the remaining operand. */
2104 remove_name_from_operation (gimple stmt
, tree op
)
2107 gimple_stmt_iterator si
;
2109 gcc_assert (is_gimple_assign (stmt
));
2111 if (gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt
) == op
)
2112 other_op
= gimple_assign_rhs2 (stmt
);
2114 other_op
= gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt
);
2116 si
= gsi_for_stmt (stmt
);
2117 gimple_assign_set_rhs_from_tree (&si
, other_op
);
2119 /* We should not have reallocated STMT. */
2120 gcc_assert (gsi_stmt (si
) == stmt
);
2125 /* Reassociates the expression in that NAME1 and NAME2 are used so that they
2126 are combined in a single statement, and returns this statement. */
2129 reassociate_to_the_same_stmt (tree name1
, tree name2
)
2131 gimple stmt1
, stmt2
, root1
, root2
, s1
, s2
;
2132 gimple new_stmt
, tmp_stmt
;
2133 tree new_name
, tmp_name
, var
, r1
, r2
;
2134 unsigned dist1
, dist2
;
2135 enum tree_code code
;
2136 tree type
= TREE_TYPE (name1
);
2137 gimple_stmt_iterator bsi
;
2139 stmt1
= find_use_stmt (&name1
);
2140 stmt2
= find_use_stmt (&name2
);
2141 root1
= find_associative_operation_root (stmt1
, &dist1
);
2142 root2
= find_associative_operation_root (stmt2
, &dist2
);
2143 code
= gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt1
);
2145 gcc_assert (root1
&& root2
&& root1
== root2
2146 && code
== gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt2
));
2148 /* Find the root of the nearest expression in that both NAME1 and NAME2
2155 while (dist1
> dist2
)
2157 s1
= find_use_stmt (&r1
);
2158 r1
= gimple_assign_lhs (s1
);
2161 while (dist2
> dist1
)
2163 s2
= find_use_stmt (&r2
);
2164 r2
= gimple_assign_lhs (s2
);
2170 s1
= find_use_stmt (&r1
);
2171 r1
= gimple_assign_lhs (s1
);
2172 s2
= find_use_stmt (&r2
);
2173 r2
= gimple_assign_lhs (s2
);
2176 /* Remove NAME1 and NAME2 from the statements in that they are used
2178 remove_name_from_operation (stmt1
, name1
);
2179 remove_name_from_operation (stmt2
, name2
);
2181 /* Insert the new statement combining NAME1 and NAME2 before S1, and
2182 combine it with the rhs of S1. */
2183 var
= create_tmp_reg (type
, "predreastmp");
2184 new_name
= make_ssa_name (var
, NULL
);
2185 new_stmt
= gimple_build_assign_with_ops (code
, new_name
, name1
, name2
);
2187 var
= create_tmp_reg (type
, "predreastmp");
2188 tmp_name
= make_ssa_name (var
, NULL
);
2190 /* Rhs of S1 may now be either a binary expression with operation
2191 CODE, or gimple_val (in case that stmt1 == s1 or stmt2 == s1,
2192 so that name1 or name2 was removed from it). */
2193 tmp_stmt
= gimple_build_assign_with_ops (gimple_assign_rhs_code (s1
),
2195 gimple_assign_rhs1 (s1
),
2196 gimple_assign_rhs2 (s1
));
2198 bsi
= gsi_for_stmt (s1
);
2199 gimple_assign_set_rhs_with_ops (&bsi
, code
, new_name
, tmp_name
);
2200 s1
= gsi_stmt (bsi
);
2203 gsi_insert_before (&bsi
, new_stmt
, GSI_SAME_STMT
);
2204 gsi_insert_before (&bsi
, tmp_stmt
, GSI_SAME_STMT
);
2209 /* Returns the statement that combines references R1 and R2. In case R1
2210 and R2 are not used in the same statement, but they are used with an
2211 associative and commutative operation in the same expression, reassociate
2212 the expression so that they are used in the same statement. */
2215 stmt_combining_refs (dref r1
, dref r2
)
2217 gimple stmt1
, stmt2
;
2218 tree name1
= name_for_ref (r1
);
2219 tree name2
= name_for_ref (r2
);
2221 stmt1
= find_use_stmt (&name1
);
2222 stmt2
= find_use_stmt (&name2
);
2226 return reassociate_to_the_same_stmt (name1
, name2
);
2229 /* Tries to combine chains CH1 and CH2 together. If this succeeds, the
2230 description of the new chain is returned, otherwise we return NULL. */
2233 combine_chains (chain_p ch1
, chain_p ch2
)
2236 enum tree_code op
= ERROR_MARK
;
2241 tree rslt_type
= NULL_TREE
;
2245 if (ch1
->length
!= ch2
->length
)
2248 if (VEC_length (dref
, ch1
->refs
) != VEC_length (dref
, ch2
->refs
))
2251 for (i
= 0; (VEC_iterate (dref
, ch1
->refs
, i
, r1
)
2252 && VEC_iterate (dref
, ch2
->refs
, i
, r2
)); i
++)
2254 if (r1
->distance
!= r2
->distance
)
2257 if (!combinable_refs_p (r1
, r2
, &op
, &swap
, &rslt_type
))
2268 new_chain
= XCNEW (struct chain
);
2269 new_chain
->type
= CT_COMBINATION
;
2271 new_chain
->ch1
= ch1
;
2272 new_chain
->ch2
= ch2
;
2273 new_chain
->rslt_type
= rslt_type
;
2274 new_chain
->length
= ch1
->length
;
2276 for (i
= 0; (VEC_iterate (dref
, ch1
->refs
, i
, r1
)
2277 && VEC_iterate (dref
, ch2
->refs
, i
, r2
)); i
++)
2279 nw
= XCNEW (struct dref_d
);
2280 nw
->stmt
= stmt_combining_refs (r1
, r2
);
2281 nw
->distance
= r1
->distance
;
2283 VEC_safe_push (dref
, heap
, new_chain
->refs
, nw
);
2286 new_chain
->has_max_use_after
= false;
2287 root_stmt
= get_chain_root (new_chain
)->stmt
;
2288 for (i
= 1; VEC_iterate (dref
, new_chain
->refs
, i
, nw
); i
++)
2290 if (nw
->distance
== new_chain
->length
2291 && !stmt_dominates_stmt_p (nw
->stmt
, root_stmt
))
2293 new_chain
->has_max_use_after
= true;
2298 ch1
->combined
= true;
2299 ch2
->combined
= true;
2303 /* Try to combine the CHAINS. */
2306 try_combine_chains (VEC (chain_p
, heap
) **chains
)
2309 chain_p ch1
, ch2
, cch
;
2310 VEC (chain_p
, heap
) *worklist
= NULL
;
2312 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (chain_p
, *chains
, i
, ch1
)
2313 if (chain_can_be_combined_p (ch1
))
2314 VEC_safe_push (chain_p
, heap
, worklist
, ch1
);
2316 while (!VEC_empty (chain_p
, worklist
))
2318 ch1
= VEC_pop (chain_p
, worklist
);
2319 if (!chain_can_be_combined_p (ch1
))
2322 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (chain_p
, *chains
, j
, ch2
)
2324 if (!chain_can_be_combined_p (ch2
))
2327 cch
= combine_chains (ch1
, ch2
);
2330 VEC_safe_push (chain_p
, heap
, worklist
, cch
);
2331 VEC_safe_push (chain_p
, heap
, *chains
, cch
);
2338 /* Prepare initializers for CHAIN in LOOP. Returns false if this is
2339 impossible because one of these initializers may trap, true otherwise. */
2342 prepare_initializers_chain (struct loop
*loop
, chain_p chain
)
2344 unsigned i
, n
= (chain
->type
== CT_INVARIANT
) ? 1 : chain
->length
;
2345 struct data_reference
*dr
= get_chain_root (chain
)->ref
;
2349 edge entry
= loop_preheader_edge (loop
);
2351 /* Find the initializers for the variables, and check that they cannot
2353 chain
->inits
= VEC_alloc (tree
, heap
, n
);
2354 for (i
= 0; i
< n
; i
++)
2355 VEC_quick_push (tree
, chain
->inits
, NULL_TREE
);
2357 /* If we have replaced some looparound phi nodes, use their initializers
2358 instead of creating our own. */
2359 FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (dref
, chain
->refs
, i
, laref
)
2361 if (gimple_code (laref
->stmt
) != GIMPLE_PHI
)
2364 gcc_assert (laref
->distance
> 0);
2365 VEC_replace (tree
, chain
->inits
, n
- laref
->distance
,
2366 PHI_ARG_DEF_FROM_EDGE (laref
->stmt
, entry
));
2369 for (i
= 0; i
< n
; i
++)
2371 if (VEC_index (tree
, chain
->inits
, i
) != NULL_TREE
)
2374 init
= ref_at_iteration (loop
, DR_REF (dr
), (int) i
- n
);
2378 if (!chain
->all_always_accessed
&& tree_could_trap_p (init
))
2381 init
= force_gimple_operand (init
, &stmts
, false, NULL_TREE
);
2383 gsi_insert_seq_on_edge_immediate (entry
, stmts
);
2385 VEC_replace (tree
, chain
->inits
, i
, init
);
2391 /* Prepare initializers for CHAINS in LOOP, and free chains that cannot
2392 be used because the initializers might trap. */
2395 prepare_initializers (struct loop
*loop
, VEC (chain_p
, heap
) *chains
)
2400 for (i
= 0; i
< VEC_length (chain_p
, chains
); )
2402 chain
= VEC_index (chain_p
, chains
, i
);
2403 if (prepare_initializers_chain (loop
, chain
))
2407 release_chain (chain
);
2408 VEC_unordered_remove (chain_p
, chains
, i
);
2413 /* Performs predictive commoning for LOOP. Returns true if LOOP was
2417 tree_predictive_commoning_loop (struct loop
*loop
)
2419 VEC (loop_p
, heap
) *loop_nest
;
2420 VEC (data_reference_p
, heap
) *datarefs
;
2421 VEC (ddr_p
, heap
) *dependences
;
2422 struct component
*components
;
2423 VEC (chain_p
, heap
) *chains
= NULL
;
2424 unsigned unroll_factor
;
2425 struct tree_niter_desc desc
;
2426 bool unroll
= false;
2430 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
))
2431 fprintf (dump_file
, "Processing loop %d\n", loop
->num
);
2433 /* Find the data references and split them into components according to their
2434 dependence relations. */
2435 datarefs
= VEC_alloc (data_reference_p
, heap
, 10);
2436 dependences
= VEC_alloc (ddr_p
, heap
, 10);
2437 loop_nest
= VEC_alloc (loop_p
, heap
, 3);
2438 if (! compute_data_dependences_for_loop (loop
, true, &loop_nest
, &datarefs
,
2441 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
))
2442 fprintf (dump_file
, "Cannot analyze data dependencies\n");
2443 VEC_free (loop_p
, heap
, loop_nest
);
2444 free_data_refs (datarefs
);
2445 free_dependence_relations (dependences
);
2449 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
))
2450 dump_data_dependence_relations (dump_file
, dependences
);
2452 components
= split_data_refs_to_components (loop
, datarefs
, dependences
);
2453 VEC_free (loop_p
, heap
, loop_nest
);
2454 free_dependence_relations (dependences
);
2457 free_data_refs (datarefs
);
2461 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
))
2463 fprintf (dump_file
, "Initial state:\n\n");
2464 dump_components (dump_file
, components
);
2467 /* Find the suitable components and split them into chains. */
2468 components
= filter_suitable_components (loop
, components
);
2470 tmp_vars
= BITMAP_ALLOC (NULL
);
2471 looparound_phis
= BITMAP_ALLOC (NULL
);
2472 determine_roots (loop
, components
, &chains
);
2473 release_components (components
);
2477 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
))
2479 "Predictive commoning failed: no suitable chains\n");
2482 prepare_initializers (loop
, chains
);
2484 /* Try to combine the chains that are always worked with together. */
2485 try_combine_chains (&chains
);
2487 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
))
2489 fprintf (dump_file
, "Before commoning:\n\n");
2490 dump_chains (dump_file
, chains
);
2493 /* Determine the unroll factor, and if the loop should be unrolled, ensure
2494 that its number of iterations is divisible by the factor. */
2495 unroll_factor
= determine_unroll_factor (chains
);
2497 unroll
= (unroll_factor
> 1
2498 && can_unroll_loop_p (loop
, unroll_factor
, &desc
));
2499 exit
= single_dom_exit (loop
);
2501 /* Execute the predictive commoning transformations, and possibly unroll the
2505 struct epcc_data dta
;
2507 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
))
2508 fprintf (dump_file
, "Unrolling %u times.\n", unroll_factor
);
2510 dta
.chains
= chains
;
2511 dta
.tmp_vars
= tmp_vars
;
2513 update_ssa (TODO_update_ssa_only_virtuals
);
2515 /* Cfg manipulations performed in tree_transform_and_unroll_loop before
2516 execute_pred_commoning_cbck is called may cause phi nodes to be
2517 reallocated, which is a problem since CHAINS may point to these
2518 statements. To fix this, we store the ssa names defined by the
2519 phi nodes here instead of the phi nodes themselves, and restore
2520 the phi nodes in execute_pred_commoning_cbck. A bit hacky. */
2521 replace_phis_by_defined_names (chains
);
2523 tree_transform_and_unroll_loop (loop
, unroll_factor
, exit
, &desc
,
2524 execute_pred_commoning_cbck
, &dta
);
2525 eliminate_temp_copies (loop
, tmp_vars
);
2529 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
))
2531 "Executing predictive commoning without unrolling.\n");
2532 execute_pred_commoning (loop
, chains
, tmp_vars
);
2536 release_chains (chains
);
2537 free_data_refs (datarefs
);
2538 BITMAP_FREE (tmp_vars
);
2539 BITMAP_FREE (looparound_phis
);
2541 free_affine_expand_cache (&name_expansions
);
2546 /* Runs predictive commoning. */
2549 tree_predictive_commoning (void)
2551 bool unrolled
= false;
2556 initialize_original_copy_tables ();
2557 FOR_EACH_LOOP (li
, loop
, LI_ONLY_INNERMOST
)
2558 if (optimize_loop_for_speed_p (loop
))
2560 unrolled
|= tree_predictive_commoning_loop (loop
);
2566 ret
= TODO_cleanup_cfg
;
2568 free_original_copy_tables ();