1 /* Memory address lowering and addressing mode selection.
2 Copyright (C) 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This file is part of GCC.
6 GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
7 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8 Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any
11 GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12 ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
16 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 along with GCC; see the file COPYING3. If not see
18 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
20 /* Utility functions for manipulation with TARGET_MEM_REFs -- tree expressions
21 that directly map to addressing modes of the target. */
25 #include "coretypes.h"
30 #include "hard-reg-set.h"
31 #include "basic-block.h"
33 #include "diagnostic.h"
34 #include "tree-flow.h"
35 #include "tree-dump.h"
36 #include "tree-pass.h"
39 #include "tree-inline.h"
40 #include "insn-config.h"
44 #include "tree-affine.h"
47 /* TODO -- handling of symbols (according to Richard Hendersons
48 comments, http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-patches/2005-04/msg00949.html):
50 There are at least 5 different kinds of symbols that we can run up against:
52 (1) binds_local_p, small data area.
53 (2) binds_local_p, eg local statics
54 (3) !binds_local_p, eg global variables
55 (4) thread local, local_exec
56 (5) thread local, !local_exec
58 Now, (1) won't appear often in an array context, but it certainly can.
59 All you have to do is set -GN high enough, or explicitly mark any
60 random object __attribute__((section (".sdata"))).
62 All of these affect whether or not a symbol is in fact a valid address.
63 The only one tested here is (3). And that result may very well
64 be incorrect for (4) or (5).
66 An incorrect result here does not cause incorrect results out the
67 back end, because the expander in expr.c validizes the address. However
68 it would be nice to improve the handling here in order to produce more
71 /* A "template" for memory address, used to determine whether the address is
74 typedef struct GTY (()) mem_addr_template
{
75 rtx ref
; /* The template. */
76 rtx
* GTY ((skip
)) step_p
; /* The point in template where the step should be
78 rtx
* GTY ((skip
)) off_p
; /* The point in template where the offset should
82 DEF_VEC_O (mem_addr_template
);
83 DEF_VEC_ALLOC_O (mem_addr_template
, gc
);
85 /* The templates. Each of the low five bits of the index corresponds to one
86 component of TARGET_MEM_REF being present, while the high bits identify
87 the address space. See TEMPL_IDX. */
89 static GTY(()) VEC (mem_addr_template
, gc
) *mem_addr_template_list
;
91 #define TEMPL_IDX(AS, SYMBOL, BASE, INDEX, STEP, OFFSET) \
93 | ((SYMBOL != 0) << 4) \
94 | ((BASE != 0) << 3) \
95 | ((INDEX != 0) << 2) \
96 | ((STEP != 0) << 1) \
99 /* Stores address for memory reference with parameters SYMBOL, BASE, INDEX,
100 STEP and OFFSET to *ADDR using address mode ADDRESS_MODE. Stores pointers
101 to where step is placed to *STEP_P and offset to *OFFSET_P. */
104 gen_addr_rtx (enum machine_mode address_mode
,
105 rtx symbol
, rtx base
, rtx index
, rtx step
, rtx offset
,
106 rtx
*addr
, rtx
**step_p
, rtx
**offset_p
)
121 act_elem
= gen_rtx_MULT (address_mode
, act_elem
, step
);
124 *step_p
= &XEXP (act_elem
, 1);
133 *addr
= simplify_gen_binary (PLUS
, address_mode
, base
, *addr
);
143 act_elem
= gen_rtx_PLUS (address_mode
, act_elem
, offset
);
146 *offset_p
= &XEXP (act_elem
, 1);
148 if (GET_CODE (symbol
) == SYMBOL_REF
149 || GET_CODE (symbol
) == LABEL_REF
150 || GET_CODE (symbol
) == CONST
)
151 act_elem
= gen_rtx_CONST (address_mode
, act_elem
);
155 *addr
= gen_rtx_PLUS (address_mode
, *addr
, act_elem
);
163 *addr
= gen_rtx_PLUS (address_mode
, *addr
, offset
);
165 *offset_p
= &XEXP (*addr
, 1);
179 /* Returns address for TARGET_MEM_REF with parameters given by ADDR
181 If REALLY_EXPAND is false, just make fake registers instead
182 of really expanding the operands, and perform the expansion in-place
183 by using one of the "templates". */
186 addr_for_mem_ref (struct mem_address
*addr
, addr_space_t as
,
189 enum machine_mode address_mode
= targetm
.addr_space
.address_mode (as
);
190 rtx address
, sym
, bse
, idx
, st
, off
;
191 struct mem_addr_template
*templ
;
193 if (addr
->step
&& !integer_onep (addr
->step
))
194 st
= immed_double_const (TREE_INT_CST_LOW (addr
->step
),
195 TREE_INT_CST_HIGH (addr
->step
), address_mode
);
199 if (addr
->offset
&& !integer_zerop (addr
->offset
))
200 off
= immed_double_const (TREE_INT_CST_LOW (addr
->offset
),
201 TREE_INT_CST_HIGH (addr
->offset
), address_mode
);
207 unsigned int templ_index
208 = TEMPL_IDX (as
, addr
->symbol
, addr
->base
, addr
->index
, st
, off
);
211 >= VEC_length (mem_addr_template
, mem_addr_template_list
))
212 VEC_safe_grow_cleared (mem_addr_template
, gc
, mem_addr_template_list
,
215 /* Reuse the templates for addresses, so that we do not waste memory. */
216 templ
= VEC_index (mem_addr_template
, mem_addr_template_list
, templ_index
);
219 sym
= (addr
->symbol
?
220 gen_rtx_SYMBOL_REF (address_mode
, ggc_strdup ("test_symbol"))
223 gen_raw_REG (address_mode
, LAST_VIRTUAL_REGISTER
+ 1)
226 gen_raw_REG (address_mode
, LAST_VIRTUAL_REGISTER
+ 2)
229 gen_addr_rtx (address_mode
, sym
, bse
, idx
,
230 st
? const0_rtx
: NULL_RTX
,
231 off
? const0_rtx
: NULL_RTX
,
245 /* Otherwise really expand the expressions. */
247 ? expand_expr (build_addr (addr
->symbol
, current_function_decl
),
248 NULL_RTX
, address_mode
, EXPAND_NORMAL
)
251 ? expand_expr (addr
->base
, NULL_RTX
, address_mode
, EXPAND_NORMAL
)
254 ? expand_expr (addr
->index
, NULL_RTX
, address_mode
, EXPAND_NORMAL
)
257 gen_addr_rtx (address_mode
, sym
, bse
, idx
, st
, off
, &address
, NULL
, NULL
);
261 /* Returns address of MEM_REF in TYPE. */
264 tree_mem_ref_addr (tree type
, tree mem_ref
)
268 tree step
= TMR_STEP (mem_ref
), offset
= TMR_OFFSET (mem_ref
);
269 tree sym
= TMR_SYMBOL (mem_ref
), base
= TMR_BASE (mem_ref
);
270 tree addr_base
= NULL_TREE
, addr_off
= NULL_TREE
;
273 addr_base
= fold_convert (type
, build_addr (sym
, current_function_decl
));
274 else if (base
&& POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (base
)))
276 addr_base
= fold_convert (type
, base
);
280 act_elem
= TMR_INDEX (mem_ref
);
284 act_elem
= fold_build2 (MULT_EXPR
, sizetype
, act_elem
, step
);
292 addr_off
= fold_build2 (PLUS_EXPR
, sizetype
, addr_off
, act_elem
);
297 if (offset
&& !integer_zerop (offset
))
300 addr_off
= fold_build2 (PLUS_EXPR
, sizetype
, addr_off
, offset
);
308 addr
= fold_build2 (POINTER_PLUS_EXPR
, type
, addr_base
, addr_off
);
310 addr
= fold_convert (type
, addr_off
);
315 addr
= build_int_cst (type
, 0);
320 /* Returns true if a memory reference in MODE and with parameters given by
321 ADDR is valid on the current target. */
324 valid_mem_ref_p (enum machine_mode mode
, addr_space_t as
,
325 struct mem_address
*addr
)
329 address
= addr_for_mem_ref (addr
, as
, false);
333 return memory_address_addr_space_p (mode
, address
, as
);
336 /* Checks whether a TARGET_MEM_REF with type TYPE and parameters given by ADDR
337 is valid on the current target and if so, creates and returns the
341 create_mem_ref_raw (tree type
, struct mem_address
*addr
)
343 if (!valid_mem_ref_p (TYPE_MODE (type
), TYPE_ADDR_SPACE (type
), addr
))
346 if (addr
->step
&& integer_onep (addr
->step
))
347 addr
->step
= NULL_TREE
;
349 if (addr
->offset
&& integer_zerop (addr
->offset
))
350 addr
->offset
= NULL_TREE
;
352 return build6 (TARGET_MEM_REF
, type
,
353 addr
->symbol
, addr
->base
, addr
->index
,
354 addr
->step
, addr
->offset
, NULL
);
357 /* Returns true if OBJ is an object whose address is a link time constant. */
360 fixed_address_object_p (tree obj
)
362 return (TREE_CODE (obj
) == VAR_DECL
363 && (TREE_STATIC (obj
)
364 || DECL_EXTERNAL (obj
))
365 && ! DECL_DLLIMPORT_P (obj
));
368 /* If ADDR contains an address of object that is a link time constant,
369 move it to PARTS->symbol. */
372 move_fixed_address_to_symbol (struct mem_address
*parts
, aff_tree
*addr
)
375 tree val
= NULL_TREE
;
377 for (i
= 0; i
< addr
->n
; i
++)
379 if (!double_int_one_p (addr
->elts
[i
].coef
))
382 val
= addr
->elts
[i
].val
;
383 if (TREE_CODE (val
) == ADDR_EXPR
384 && fixed_address_object_p (TREE_OPERAND (val
, 0)))
391 parts
->symbol
= TREE_OPERAND (val
, 0);
392 aff_combination_remove_elt (addr
, i
);
395 /* If ADDR contains an address of a dereferenced pointer, move it to
399 move_pointer_to_base (struct mem_address
*parts
, aff_tree
*addr
)
402 tree val
= NULL_TREE
;
404 for (i
= 0; i
< addr
->n
; i
++)
406 if (!double_int_one_p (addr
->elts
[i
].coef
))
409 val
= addr
->elts
[i
].val
;
410 if (POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (val
)))
418 aff_combination_remove_elt (addr
, i
);
421 /* Adds ELT to PARTS. */
424 add_to_parts (struct mem_address
*parts
, tree elt
)
430 parts
->index
= fold_convert (sizetype
, elt
);
440 /* Add ELT to base. */
441 type
= TREE_TYPE (parts
->base
);
442 if (POINTER_TYPE_P (type
))
443 parts
->base
= fold_build2 (POINTER_PLUS_EXPR
, type
,
445 fold_convert (sizetype
, elt
));
447 parts
->base
= fold_build2 (PLUS_EXPR
, type
,
451 /* Finds the most expensive multiplication in ADDR that can be
452 expressed in an addressing mode and move the corresponding
453 element(s) to PARTS. */
456 most_expensive_mult_to_index (struct mem_address
*parts
, aff_tree
*addr
,
460 double_int best_mult
, amult
, amult_neg
;
461 unsigned best_mult_cost
= 0, acost
;
462 tree mult_elt
= NULL_TREE
, elt
;
464 enum tree_code op_code
;
466 best_mult
= double_int_zero
;
467 for (i
= 0; i
< addr
->n
; i
++)
469 if (!double_int_fits_in_shwi_p (addr
->elts
[i
].coef
))
472 /* FIXME: Should use the correct memory mode rather than Pmode. */
474 coef
= double_int_to_shwi (addr
->elts
[i
].coef
);
476 || !multiplier_allowed_in_address_p (coef
, Pmode
,
480 acost
= multiply_by_cost (coef
, Pmode
, speed
);
482 if (acost
> best_mult_cost
)
484 best_mult_cost
= acost
;
485 best_mult
= addr
->elts
[i
].coef
;
492 /* Collect elements multiplied by best_mult. */
493 for (i
= j
= 0; i
< addr
->n
; i
++)
495 amult
= addr
->elts
[i
].coef
;
496 amult_neg
= double_int_ext_for_comb (double_int_neg (amult
), addr
);
498 if (double_int_equal_p (amult
, best_mult
))
500 else if (double_int_equal_p (amult_neg
, best_mult
))
501 op_code
= MINUS_EXPR
;
504 addr
->elts
[j
] = addr
->elts
[i
];
509 elt
= fold_convert (sizetype
, addr
->elts
[i
].val
);
511 mult_elt
= fold_build2 (op_code
, sizetype
, mult_elt
, elt
);
512 else if (op_code
== PLUS_EXPR
)
515 mult_elt
= fold_build1 (NEGATE_EXPR
, sizetype
, elt
);
519 parts
->index
= mult_elt
;
520 parts
->step
= double_int_to_tree (sizetype
, best_mult
);
523 /* Splits address ADDR into PARTS.
525 TODO -- be more clever about the distribution of the elements of ADDR
526 to PARTS. Some architectures do not support anything but single
527 register in address, possibly with a small integer offset; while
528 create_mem_ref will simplify the address to an acceptable shape
529 later, it would be more efficient to know that asking for complicated
530 addressing modes is useless. */
533 addr_to_parts (aff_tree
*addr
, struct mem_address
*parts
, bool speed
)
538 parts
->symbol
= NULL_TREE
;
539 parts
->base
= NULL_TREE
;
540 parts
->index
= NULL_TREE
;
541 parts
->step
= NULL_TREE
;
543 if (!double_int_zero_p (addr
->offset
))
544 parts
->offset
= double_int_to_tree (sizetype
, addr
->offset
);
546 parts
->offset
= NULL_TREE
;
548 /* Try to find a symbol. */
549 move_fixed_address_to_symbol (parts
, addr
);
551 /* First move the most expensive feasible multiplication
553 most_expensive_mult_to_index (parts
, addr
, speed
);
555 /* Try to find a base of the reference. Since at the moment
556 there is no reliable way how to distinguish between pointer and its
557 offset, this is just a guess. */
559 move_pointer_to_base (parts
, addr
);
561 /* Then try to process the remaining elements. */
562 for (i
= 0; i
< addr
->n
; i
++)
564 part
= fold_convert (sizetype
, addr
->elts
[i
].val
);
565 if (!double_int_one_p (addr
->elts
[i
].coef
))
566 part
= fold_build2 (MULT_EXPR
, sizetype
, part
,
567 double_int_to_tree (sizetype
, addr
->elts
[i
].coef
));
568 add_to_parts (parts
, part
);
571 add_to_parts (parts
, fold_convert (sizetype
, addr
->rest
));
574 /* Force the PARTS to register. */
577 gimplify_mem_ref_parts (gimple_stmt_iterator
*gsi
, struct mem_address
*parts
)
580 parts
->base
= force_gimple_operand_gsi (gsi
, parts
->base
,
582 true, GSI_SAME_STMT
);
584 parts
->index
= force_gimple_operand_gsi (gsi
, parts
->index
,
586 true, GSI_SAME_STMT
);
589 /* Creates and returns a TARGET_MEM_REF for address ADDR. If necessary
590 computations are emitted in front of GSI. TYPE is the mode
591 of created memory reference. */
594 create_mem_ref (gimple_stmt_iterator
*gsi
, tree type
, aff_tree
*addr
,
599 struct mem_address parts
;
601 addr_to_parts (addr
, &parts
, speed
);
602 gimplify_mem_ref_parts (gsi
, &parts
);
603 mem_ref
= create_mem_ref_raw (type
, &parts
);
607 /* The expression is too complicated. Try making it simpler. */
609 if (parts
.step
&& !integer_onep (parts
.step
))
611 /* Move the multiplication to index. */
612 gcc_assert (parts
.index
);
613 parts
.index
= force_gimple_operand_gsi (gsi
,
614 fold_build2 (MULT_EXPR
, sizetype
,
615 parts
.index
, parts
.step
),
616 true, NULL_TREE
, true, GSI_SAME_STMT
);
617 parts
.step
= NULL_TREE
;
619 mem_ref
= create_mem_ref_raw (type
, &parts
);
626 tmp
= build_addr (parts
.symbol
, current_function_decl
);
627 gcc_assert (is_gimple_val (tmp
));
629 /* Add the symbol to base, eventually forcing it to register. */
632 gcc_assert (useless_type_conversion_p
633 (sizetype
, TREE_TYPE (parts
.base
)));
637 atype
= TREE_TYPE (tmp
);
638 parts
.base
= force_gimple_operand_gsi (gsi
,
639 fold_build2 (POINTER_PLUS_EXPR
, atype
,
641 fold_convert (sizetype
, parts
.base
)),
642 true, NULL_TREE
, true, GSI_SAME_STMT
);
646 parts
.index
= parts
.base
;
652 parts
.symbol
= NULL_TREE
;
654 mem_ref
= create_mem_ref_raw (type
, &parts
);
661 /* Add index to base. */
664 atype
= TREE_TYPE (parts
.base
);
665 parts
.base
= force_gimple_operand_gsi (gsi
,
666 fold_build2 (POINTER_PLUS_EXPR
, atype
,
669 true, NULL_TREE
, true, GSI_SAME_STMT
);
672 parts
.base
= parts
.index
;
673 parts
.index
= NULL_TREE
;
675 mem_ref
= create_mem_ref_raw (type
, &parts
);
680 if (parts
.offset
&& !integer_zerop (parts
.offset
))
682 /* Try adding offset to base. */
685 atype
= TREE_TYPE (parts
.base
);
686 parts
.base
= force_gimple_operand_gsi (gsi
,
687 fold_build2 (POINTER_PLUS_EXPR
, atype
,
689 fold_convert (sizetype
, parts
.offset
)),
690 true, NULL_TREE
, true, GSI_SAME_STMT
);
693 parts
.base
= parts
.offset
;
695 parts
.offset
= NULL_TREE
;
697 mem_ref
= create_mem_ref_raw (type
, &parts
);
702 /* Verify that the address is in the simplest possible shape
703 (only a register). If we cannot create such a memory reference,
704 something is really wrong. */
705 gcc_assert (parts
.symbol
== NULL_TREE
);
706 gcc_assert (parts
.index
== NULL_TREE
);
707 gcc_assert (!parts
.step
|| integer_onep (parts
.step
));
708 gcc_assert (!parts
.offset
|| integer_zerop (parts
.offset
));
712 /* Copies components of the address from OP to ADDR. */
715 get_address_description (tree op
, struct mem_address
*addr
)
717 addr
->symbol
= TMR_SYMBOL (op
);
718 addr
->base
= TMR_BASE (op
);
719 addr
->index
= TMR_INDEX (op
);
720 addr
->step
= TMR_STEP (op
);
721 addr
->offset
= TMR_OFFSET (op
);
724 /* Copies the additional information attached to target_mem_ref FROM to TO. */
727 copy_mem_ref_info (tree to
, tree from
)
729 /* And the info about the original reference. */
730 TMR_ORIGINAL (to
) = TMR_ORIGINAL (from
);
733 /* Move constants in target_mem_ref REF to offset. Returns the new target
734 mem ref if anything changes, NULL_TREE otherwise. */
737 maybe_fold_tmr (tree ref
)
739 struct mem_address addr
;
740 bool changed
= false;
743 get_address_description (ref
, &addr
);
745 if (addr
.base
&& TREE_CODE (addr
.base
) == INTEGER_CST
)
748 addr
.offset
= fold_binary_to_constant (PLUS_EXPR
, sizetype
,
750 fold_convert (sizetype
, addr
.base
));
752 addr
.offset
= addr
.base
;
754 addr
.base
= NULL_TREE
;
758 if (addr
.index
&& TREE_CODE (addr
.index
) == INTEGER_CST
)
763 off
= fold_binary_to_constant (MULT_EXPR
, sizetype
,
765 addr
.step
= NULL_TREE
;
770 addr
.offset
= fold_binary_to_constant (PLUS_EXPR
, sizetype
,
776 addr
.index
= NULL_TREE
;
783 ret
= create_mem_ref_raw (TREE_TYPE (ref
), &addr
);
787 copy_mem_ref_info (ret
, ref
);
791 /* Dump PARTS to FILE. */
793 extern void dump_mem_address (FILE *, struct mem_address
*);
795 dump_mem_address (FILE *file
, struct mem_address
*parts
)
799 fprintf (file
, "symbol: ");
800 print_generic_expr (file
, parts
->symbol
, TDF_SLIM
);
801 fprintf (file
, "\n");
805 fprintf (file
, "base: ");
806 print_generic_expr (file
, parts
->base
, TDF_SLIM
);
807 fprintf (file
, "\n");
811 fprintf (file
, "index: ");
812 print_generic_expr (file
, parts
->index
, TDF_SLIM
);
813 fprintf (file
, "\n");
817 fprintf (file
, "step: ");
818 print_generic_expr (file
, parts
->step
, TDF_SLIM
);
819 fprintf (file
, "\n");
823 fprintf (file
, "offset: ");
824 print_generic_expr (file
, parts
->offset
, TDF_SLIM
);
825 fprintf (file
, "\n");
829 #include "gt-tree-ssa-address.h"