libgo/go/reflect/all_test.go

   1 // Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
   2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
   3 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
   4
   5 package reflect_test
   6
   7 import (
   8         "bytes"
   9         "encoding/base64"
  10         "flag"
  11         "fmt"
  12         "io"
  13         "math/rand"
  14         "os"
  15         . "reflect"
  16         "runtime"
  17         "sort"
  18         "sync"
  19         "testing"
  20         "time"
  21         "unsafe"
  22 )
  23
  24 func TestBool(t *testing.T) {
  25         v := ValueOf(true)
  26         if v.Bool() != true {
  27                 t.Fatal("ValueOf(true).Bool() = false")
  28         }
  29 }
  30
  31 type integer int
  32 type T struct {
  33         a int
  34         b float64
  35         c string
  36         d *int
  37 }
  38
  39 type pair struct {
  40         i interface{}
  41         s string
  42 }
  43
  44 func isDigit(c uint8) bool { return '0' <= c && c <= '9' }
  45
  46 func assert(t *testing.T, s, want string) {
  47         if s != want {
  48                 t.Errorf("have %#q want %#q", s, want)
  49         }
  50 }
  51
  52 func typestring(i interface{}) string { return TypeOf(i).String() }
  53
  54 var typeTests = []pair{
  55         {struct{ x int }{}, "int"},
  56         {struct{ x int8 }{}, "int8"},
  57         {struct{ x int16 }{}, "int16"},
  58         {struct{ x int32 }{}, "int32"},
  59         {struct{ x int64 }{}, "int64"},
  60         {struct{ x uint }{}, "uint"},
  61         {struct{ x uint8 }{}, "uint8"},
  62         {struct{ x uint16 }{}, "uint16"},
  63         {struct{ x uint32 }{}, "uint32"},
  64         {struct{ x uint64 }{}, "uint64"},
  65         {struct{ x float32 }{}, "float32"},
  66         {struct{ x float64 }{}, "float64"},
  67         {struct{ x int8 }{}, "int8"},
  68         {struct{ x (**int8) }{}, "**int8"},
  69         {struct{ x (**integer) }{}, "**reflect_test.integer"},
  70         {struct{ x ([32]int32) }{}, "[32]int32"},
  71         {struct{ x ([]int8) }{}, "[]int8"},
  72         {struct{ x (map[string]int32) }{}, "map[string]int32"},
  73         {struct{ x (chan<- string) }{}, "chan<- string"},
  74         {struct {
  75                 x struct {
  76                         c chan *int32
  77                         d float32
  78                 }
  79         }{},
  80                 "struct { c chan *int32; d float32 }",
  81         },
  82         {struct{ x (func(a int8, b int32)) }{}, "func(int8, int32)"},
  83         {struct {
  84                 x struct {
  85                         c func(chan *integer, *int8)
  86                 }
  87         }{},
  88                 "struct { c func(chan *reflect_test.integer, *int8) }",
  89         },
  90         {struct {
  91                 x struct {
  92                         a int8
  93                         b int32
  94                 }
  95         }{},
  96                 "struct { a int8; b int32 }",
  97         },
  98         {struct {
  99                 x struct {
 100                         a int8
 101                         b int8
 102                         c int32
 103                 }
 104         }{},
 105                 "struct { a int8; b int8; c int32 }",
 106         },
 107         {struct {
 108                 x struct {
 109                         a int8
 110                         b int8
 111                         c int8
 112                         d int32
 113                 }
 114         }{},
 115                 "struct { a int8; b int8; c int8; d int32 }",
 116         },
 117         {struct {
 118                 x struct {
 119                         a int8
 120                         b int8
 121                         c int8
 122                         d int8
 123                         e int32
 124                 }
 125         }{},
 126                 "struct { a int8; b int8; c int8; d int8; e int32 }",
 127         },
 128         {struct {
 129                 x struct {
 130                         a int8
 131                         b int8
 132                         c int8
 133                         d int8
 134                         e int8
 135                         f int32
 136                 }
 137         }{},
 138                 "struct { a int8; b int8; c int8; d int8; e int8; f int32 }",
 139         },
 140         {struct {
 141                 x struct {
 142                         a int8 `reflect:"hi there"`
 143                 }
 144         }{},
 145                 `struct { a int8 "reflect:\"hi there\"" }`,
 146         },
 147         {struct {
 148                 x struct {
 149                         a int8 `reflect:"hi \x00there\t\n\"\\"`
 150                 }
 151         }{},
 152                 `struct { a int8 "reflect:\"hi \\x00there\\t\\n\\\"\\\\\"" }`,
 153         },
 154         {struct {
 155                 x struct {
 156                         f func(args ...int)
 157                 }
 158         }{},
 159                 "struct { f func(...int) }",
 160         },
 161         {struct {
 162                 x (interface {
 163                         a(func(func(int) int) func(func(int)) int)
 164                         b()
 165                 })
 166         }{},
 167                 "interface { reflect_test.a(func(func(int) int) func(func(int)) int); reflect_test.b() }",
 168         },
 169 }
 170
 171 var valueTests = []pair{
 172         {new(int), "132"},
 173         {new(int8), "8"},
 174         {new(int16), "16"},
 175         {new(int32), "32"},
 176         {new(int64), "64"},
 177         {new(uint), "132"},
 178         {new(uint8), "8"},
 179         {new(uint16), "16"},
 180         {new(uint32), "32"},
 181         {new(uint64), "64"},
 182         {new(float32), "256.25"},
 183         {new(float64), "512.125"},
 184         {new(complex64), "532.125+10i"},
 185         {new(complex128), "564.25+1i"},
 186         {new(string), "stringy cheese"},
 187         {new(bool), "true"},
 188         {new(*int8), "*int8(0)"},
 189         {new(**int8), "**int8(0)"},
 190         {new([5]int32), "[5]int32{0, 0, 0, 0, 0}"},
 191         {new(**integer), "**reflect_test.integer(0)"},
 192         {new(map[string]int32), "map[string]int32{<can't iterate on maps>}"},
 193         {new(chan<- string), "chan<- string"},
 194         {new(func(a int8, b int32)), "func(int8, int32)(0)"},
 195         {new(struct {
 196                 c chan *int32
 197                 d float32
 198         }),
 199                 "struct { c chan *int32; d float32 }{chan *int32, 0}",
 200         },
 201         {new(struct{ c func(chan *integer, *int8) }),
 202                 "struct { c func(chan *reflect_test.integer, *int8) }{func(chan *reflect_test.integer, *int8)(0)}",
 203         },
 204         {new(struct {
 205                 a int8
 206                 b int32
 207         }),
 208                 "struct { a int8; b int32 }{0, 0}",
 209         },
 210         {new(struct {
 211                 a int8
 212                 b int8
 213                 c int32
 214         }),
 215                 "struct { a int8; b int8; c int32 }{0, 0, 0}",
 216         },
 217 }
 218
 219 func testType(t *testing.T, i int, typ Type, want string) {
 220         s := typ.String()
 221         if s != want {
 222                 t.Errorf("#%d: have %#q, want %#q", i, s, want)
 223         }
 224 }
 225
 226 func TestTypes(t *testing.T) {
 227         for i, tt := range typeTests {
 228                 testType(t, i, ValueOf(tt.i).Field(0).Type(), tt.s)
 229         }
 230 }
 231
 232 func TestSet(t *testing.T) {
 233         for i, tt := range valueTests {
 234                 v := ValueOf(tt.i)
 235                 v = v.Elem()
 236                 switch v.Kind() {
 237                 case Int:
 238                         v.SetInt(132)
 239                 case Int8:
 240                         v.SetInt(8)
 241                 case Int16:
 242                         v.SetInt(16)
 243                 case Int32:
 244                         v.SetInt(32)
 245                 case Int64:
 246                         v.SetInt(64)
 247                 case Uint:
 248                         v.SetUint(132)
 249                 case Uint8:
 250                         v.SetUint(8)
 251                 case Uint16:
 252                         v.SetUint(16)
 253                 case Uint32:
 254                         v.SetUint(32)
 255                 case Uint64:
 256                         v.SetUint(64)
 257                 case Float32:
 258                         v.SetFloat(256.25)
 259                 case Float64:
 260                         v.SetFloat(512.125)
 261                 case Complex64:
 262                         v.SetComplex(532.125 + 10i)
 263                 case Complex128:
 264                         v.SetComplex(564.25 + 1i)
 265                 case String:
 266                         v.SetString("stringy cheese")
 267                 case Bool:
 268                         v.SetBool(true)
 269                 }
 270                 s := valueToString(v)
 271                 if s != tt.s {
 272                         t.Errorf("#%d: have %#q, want %#q", i, s, tt.s)
 273                 }
 274         }
 275 }
 276
 277 func TestSetValue(t *testing.T) {
 278         for i, tt := range valueTests {
 279                 v := ValueOf(tt.i).Elem()
 280                 switch v.Kind() {
 281                 case Int:
 282                         v.Set(ValueOf(int(132)))
 283                 case Int8:
 284                         v.Set(ValueOf(int8(8)))
 285                 case Int16:
 286                         v.Set(ValueOf(int16(16)))
 287                 case Int32:
 288                         v.Set(ValueOf(int32(32)))
 289                 case Int64:
 290                         v.Set(ValueOf(int64(64)))
 291                 case Uint:
 292                         v.Set(ValueOf(uint(132)))
 293                 case Uint8:
 294                         v.Set(ValueOf(uint8(8)))
 295                 case Uint16:
 296                         v.Set(ValueOf(uint16(16)))
 297                 case Uint32:
 298                         v.Set(ValueOf(uint32(32)))
 299                 case Uint64:
 300                         v.Set(ValueOf(uint64(64)))
 301                 case Float32:
 302                         v.Set(ValueOf(float32(256.25)))
 303                 case Float64:
 304                         v.Set(ValueOf(512.125))
 305                 case Complex64:
 306                         v.Set(ValueOf(complex64(532.125 + 10i)))
 307                 case Complex128:
 308                         v.Set(ValueOf(complex128(564.25 + 1i)))
 309                 case String:
 310                         v.Set(ValueOf("stringy cheese"))
 311                 case Bool:
 312                         v.Set(ValueOf(true))
 313                 }
 314                 s := valueToString(v)
 315                 if s != tt.s {
 316                         t.Errorf("#%d: have %#q, want %#q", i, s, tt.s)
 317                 }
 318         }
 319 }
 320
 321 var _i = 7
 322
 323 var valueToStringTests = []pair{
 324         {123, "123"},
 325         {123.5, "123.5"},
 326         {byte(123), "123"},
 327         {"abc", "abc"},
 328         {T{123, 456.75, "hello", &_i}, "reflect_test.T{123, 456.75, hello, *int(&7)}"},
 329         {new(chan *T), "*chan *reflect_test.T(&chan *reflect_test.T)"},
 330         {[10]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, "[10]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}"},
 331         {&[10]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, "*[10]int(&[10]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10})"},
 332         {[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, "[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}"},
 333         {&[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, "*[]int(&[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10})"},
 334 }
 335
 336 func TestValueToString(t *testing.T) {
 337         for i, test := range valueToStringTests {
 338                 s := valueToString(ValueOf(test.i))
 339                 if s != test.s {
 340                         t.Errorf("#%d: have %#q, want %#q", i, s, test.s)
 341                 }
 342         }
 343 }
 344
 345 func TestArrayElemSet(t *testing.T) {
 346         v := ValueOf(&[10]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}).Elem()
 347         v.Index(4).SetInt(123)
 348         s := valueToString(v)
 349         const want = "[10]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 123, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}"
 350         if s != want {
 351                 t.Errorf("[10]int: have %#q want %#q", s, want)
 352         }
 353
 354         v = ValueOf([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10})
 355         v.Index(4).SetInt(123)
 356         s = valueToString(v)
 357         const want1 = "[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 123, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}"
 358         if s != want1 {
 359                 t.Errorf("[]int: have %#q want %#q", s, want1)
 360         }
 361 }
 362
 363 func TestPtrPointTo(t *testing.T) {
 364         var ip *int32
 365         var i int32 = 1234
 366         vip := ValueOf(&ip)
 367         vi := ValueOf(&i).Elem()
 368         vip.Elem().Set(vi.Addr())
 369         if *ip != 1234 {
 370                 t.Errorf("got %d, want 1234", *ip)
 371         }
 372
 373         ip = nil
 374         vp := ValueOf(&ip).Elem()
 375         vp.Set(Zero(vp.Type()))
 376         if ip != nil {
 377                 t.Errorf("got non-nil (%p), want nil", ip)
 378         }
 379 }
 380
 381 func TestPtrSetNil(t *testing.T) {
 382         var i int32 = 1234
 383         ip := &i
 384         vip := ValueOf(&ip)
 385         vip.Elem().Set(Zero(vip.Elem().Type()))
 386         if ip != nil {
 387                 t.Errorf("got non-nil (%d), want nil", *ip)
 388         }
 389 }
 390
 391 func TestMapSetNil(t *testing.T) {
 392         m := make(map[string]int)
 393         vm := ValueOf(&m)
 394         vm.Elem().Set(Zero(vm.Elem().Type()))
 395         if m != nil {
 396                 t.Errorf("got non-nil (%p), want nil", m)
 397         }
 398 }
 399
 400 func TestAll(t *testing.T) {
 401         testType(t, 1, TypeOf((int8)(0)), "int8")
 402         testType(t, 2, TypeOf((*int8)(nil)).Elem(), "int8")
 403
 404         typ := TypeOf((*struct {
 405                 c chan *int32
 406                 d float32
 407         })(nil))
 408         testType(t, 3, typ, "*struct { c chan *int32; d float32 }")
 409         etyp := typ.Elem()
 410         testType(t, 4, etyp, "struct { c chan *int32; d float32 }")
 411         styp := etyp
 412         f := styp.Field(0)
 413         testType(t, 5, f.Type, "chan *int32")
 414
 415         f, present := styp.FieldByName("d")
 416         if !present {
 417                 t.Errorf("FieldByName says present field is absent")
 418         }
 419         testType(t, 6, f.Type, "float32")
 420
 421         f, present = styp.FieldByName("absent")
 422         if present {
 423                 t.Errorf("FieldByName says absent field is present")
 424         }
 425
 426         typ = TypeOf([32]int32{})
 427         testType(t, 7, typ, "[32]int32")
 428         testType(t, 8, typ.Elem(), "int32")
 429
 430         typ = TypeOf((map[string]*int32)(nil))
 431         testType(t, 9, typ, "map[string]*int32")
 432         mtyp := typ
 433         testType(t, 10, mtyp.Key(), "string")
 434         testType(t, 11, mtyp.Elem(), "*int32")
 435
 436         typ = TypeOf((chan<- string)(nil))
 437         testType(t, 12, typ, "chan<- string")
 438         testType(t, 13, typ.Elem(), "string")
 439
 440         // make sure tag strings are not part of element type
 441         typ = TypeOf(struct {
 442                 d []uint32 `reflect:"TAG"`
 443         }{}).Field(0).Type
 444         testType(t, 14, typ, "[]uint32")
 445 }
 446
 447 func TestInterfaceGet(t *testing.T) {
 448         var inter struct {
 449                 E interface{}
 450         }
 451         inter.E = 123.456
 452         v1 := ValueOf(&inter)
 453         v2 := v1.Elem().Field(0)
 454         assert(t, v2.Type().String(), "interface {}")
 455         i2 := v2.Interface()
 456         v3 := ValueOf(i2)
 457         assert(t, v3.Type().String(), "float64")
 458 }
 459
 460 func TestInterfaceValue(t *testing.T) {
 461         var inter struct {
 462                 E interface{}
 463         }
 464         inter.E = 123.456
 465         v1 := ValueOf(&inter)
 466         v2 := v1.Elem().Field(0)
 467         assert(t, v2.Type().String(), "interface {}")
 468         v3 := v2.Elem()
 469         assert(t, v3.Type().String(), "float64")
 470
 471         i3 := v2.Interface()
 472         if _, ok := i3.(float64); !ok {
 473                 t.Error("v2.Interface() did not return float64, got ", TypeOf(i3))
 474         }
 475 }
 476
 477 func TestFunctionValue(t *testing.T) {
 478         var x interface{} = func() {}
 479         v := ValueOf(x)
 480         if fmt.Sprint(v.Interface()) != fmt.Sprint(x) {
 481                 t.Fatalf("TestFunction returned wrong pointer")
 482         }
 483         assert(t, v.Type().String(), "func()")
 484 }
 485
 486 var appendTests = []struct {
 487         orig, extra []int
 488 }{
 489         {make([]int, 2, 4), []int{22}},
 490         {make([]int, 2, 4), []int{22, 33, 44}},
 491 }
 492
 493 func sameInts(x, y []int) bool {
 494         if len(x) != len(y) {
 495                 return false
 496         }
 497         for i, xx := range x {
 498                 if xx != y[i] {
 499                         return false
 500                 }
 501         }
 502         return true
 503 }
 504
 505 func TestAppend(t *testing.T) {
 506         for i, test := range appendTests {
 507                 origLen, extraLen := len(test.orig), len(test.extra)
 508                 want := append(test.orig, test.extra...)
 509                 // Convert extra from []int to []Value.
 510                 e0 := make([]Value, len(test.extra))
 511                 for j, e := range test.extra {
 512                         e0[j] = ValueOf(e)
 513                 }
 514                 // Convert extra from []int to *SliceValue.
 515                 e1 := ValueOf(test.extra)
 516                 // Test Append.
 517                 a0 := ValueOf(test.orig)
 518                 have0 := Append(a0, e0...).Interface().([]int)
 519                 if !sameInts(have0, want) {
 520                         t.Errorf("Append #%d: have %v, want %v (%p %p)", i, have0, want, test.orig, have0)
 521                 }
 522                 // Check that the orig and extra slices were not modified.
 523                 if len(test.orig) != origLen {
 524                         t.Errorf("Append #%d origLen: have %v, want %v", i, len(test.orig), origLen)
 525                 }
 526                 if len(test.extra) != extraLen {
 527                         t.Errorf("Append #%d extraLen: have %v, want %v", i, len(test.extra), extraLen)
 528                 }
 529                 // Test AppendSlice.
 530                 a1 := ValueOf(test.orig)
 531                 have1 := AppendSlice(a1, e1).Interface().([]int)
 532                 if !sameInts(have1, want) {
 533                         t.Errorf("AppendSlice #%d: have %v, want %v", i, have1, want)
 534                 }
 535                 // Check that the orig and extra slices were not modified.
 536                 if len(test.orig) != origLen {
 537                         t.Errorf("AppendSlice #%d origLen: have %v, want %v", i, len(test.orig), origLen)
 538                 }
 539                 if len(test.extra) != extraLen {
 540                         t.Errorf("AppendSlice #%d extraLen: have %v, want %v", i, len(test.extra), extraLen)
 541                 }
 542         }
 543 }
 544
 545 func TestCopy(t *testing.T) {
 546         a := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 9, 8, 7}
 547         b := []int{11, 22, 33, 44, 1010, 99, 88, 77, 66, 55, 44}
 548         c := []int{11, 22, 33, 44, 1010, 99, 88, 77, 66, 55, 44}
 549         for i := 0; i < len(b); i++ {
 550                 if b[i] != c[i] {
 551                         t.Fatalf("b != c before test")
 552                 }
 553         }
 554         a1 := a
 555         b1 := b
 556         aa := ValueOf(&a1).Elem()
 557         ab := ValueOf(&b1).Elem()
 558         for tocopy := 1; tocopy <= 7; tocopy++ {
 559                 aa.SetLen(tocopy)
 560                 Copy(ab, aa)
 561                 aa.SetLen(8)
 562                 for i := 0; i < tocopy; i++ {
 563                         if a[i] != b[i] {
 564                                 t.Errorf("(i) tocopy=%d a[%d]=%d, b[%d]=%d",
 565                                         tocopy, i, a[i], i, b[i])
 566                         }
 567                 }
 568                 for i := tocopy; i < len(b); i++ {
 569                         if b[i] != c[i] {
 570                                 if i < len(a) {
 571                                         t.Errorf("(ii) tocopy=%d a[%d]=%d, b[%d]=%d, c[%d]=%d",
 572                                                 tocopy, i, a[i], i, b[i], i, c[i])
 573                                 } else {
 574                                         t.Errorf("(iii) tocopy=%d b[%d]=%d, c[%d]=%d",
 575                                                 tocopy, i, b[i], i, c[i])
 576                                 }
 577                         } else {
 578                                 t.Logf("tocopy=%d elem %d is okay\n", tocopy, i)
 579                         }
 580                 }
 581         }
 582 }
 583
 584 func TestCopyArray(t *testing.T) {
 585         a := [8]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 9, 8, 7}
 586         b := [11]int{11, 22, 33, 44, 1010, 99, 88, 77, 66, 55, 44}
 587         c := b
 588         aa := ValueOf(&a).Elem()
 589         ab := ValueOf(&b).Elem()
 590         Copy(ab, aa)
 591         for i := 0; i < len(a); i++ {
 592                 if a[i] != b[i] {
 593                         t.Errorf("(i) a[%d]=%d, b[%d]=%d", i, a[i], i, b[i])
 594                 }
 595         }
 596         for i := len(a); i < len(b); i++ {
 597                 if b[i] != c[i] {
 598                         t.Errorf("(ii) b[%d]=%d, c[%d]=%d", i, b[i], i, c[i])
 599                 } else {
 600                         t.Logf("elem %d is okay\n", i)
 601                 }
 602         }
 603 }
 604
 605 func TestBigUnnamedStruct(t *testing.T) {
 606         b := struct{ a, b, c, d int64 }{1, 2, 3, 4}
 607         v := ValueOf(b)
 608         b1 := v.Interface().(struct {
 609                 a, b, c, d int64
 610         })
 611         if b1.a != b.a || b1.b != b.b || b1.c != b.c || b1.d != b.d {
 612                 t.Errorf("ValueOf(%v).Interface().(*Big) = %v", b, b1)
 613         }
 614 }
 615
 616 type big struct {
 617         a, b, c, d, e int64
 618 }
 619
 620 func TestBigStruct(t *testing.T) {
 621         b := big{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
 622         v := ValueOf(b)
 623         b1 := v.Interface().(big)
 624         if b1.a != b.a || b1.b != b.b || b1.c != b.c || b1.d != b.d || b1.e != b.e {
 625                 t.Errorf("ValueOf(%v).Interface().(big) = %v", b, b1)
 626         }
 627 }
 628
 629 type Basic struct {
 630         x int
 631         y float32
 632 }
 633
 634 type NotBasic Basic
 635
 636 type DeepEqualTest struct {
 637         a, b interface{}
 638         eq   bool
 639 }
 640
 641 // Simple functions for DeepEqual tests.
 642 var (
 643         fn1 func()             // nil.
 644         fn2 func()             // nil.
 645         fn3 = func() { fn1() } // Not nil.
 646 )
 647
 648 var deepEqualTests = []DeepEqualTest{
 649         // Equalities
 650         {nil, nil, true},
 651         {1, 1, true},
 652         {int32(1), int32(1), true},
 653         {0.5, 0.5, true},
 654         {float32(0.5), float32(0.5), true},
 655         {"hello", "hello", true},
 656         {make([]int, 10), make([]int, 10), true},
 657         {&[3]int{1, 2, 3}, &[3]int{1, 2, 3}, true},
 658         {Basic{1, 0.5}, Basic{1, 0.5}, true},
 659         {error(nil), error(nil), true},
 660         {map[int]string{1: "one", 2: "two"}, map[int]string{2: "two", 1: "one"}, true},
 661         {fn1, fn2, true},
 662
 663         // Inequalities
 664         {1, 2, false},
 665         {int32(1), int32(2), false},
 666         {0.5, 0.6, false},
 667         {float32(0.5), float32(0.6), false},
 668         {"hello", "hey", false},
 669         {make([]int, 10), make([]int, 11), false},
 670         {&[3]int{1, 2, 3}, &[3]int{1, 2, 4}, false},
 671         {Basic{1, 0.5}, Basic{1, 0.6}, false},
 672         {Basic{1, 0}, Basic{2, 0}, false},
 673         {map[int]string{1: "one", 3: "two"}, map[int]string{2: "two", 1: "one"}, false},
 674         {map[int]string{1: "one", 2: "txo"}, map[int]string{2: "two", 1: "one"}, false},
 675         {map[int]string{1: "one"}, map[int]string{2: "two", 1: "one"}, false},
 676         {map[int]string{2: "two", 1: "one"}, map[int]string{1: "one"}, false},
 677         {nil, 1, false},
 678         {1, nil, false},
 679         {fn1, fn3, false},
 680         {fn3, fn3, false},
 681
 682         // Nil vs empty: not the same.
 683         {[]int{}, []int(nil), false},
 684         {[]int{}, []int{}, true},
 685         {[]int(nil), []int(nil), true},
 686         {map[int]int{}, map[int]int(nil), false},
 687         {map[int]int{}, map[int]int{}, true},
 688         {map[int]int(nil), map[int]int(nil), true},
 689
 690         // Mismatched types
 691         {1, 1.0, false},
 692         {int32(1), int64(1), false},
 693         {0.5, "hello", false},
 694         {[]int{1, 2, 3}, [3]int{1, 2, 3}, false},
 695         {&[3]interface{}{1, 2, 4}, &[3]interface{}{1, 2, "s"}, false},
 696         {Basic{1, 0.5}, NotBasic{1, 0.5}, false},
 697         {map[uint]string{1: "one", 2: "two"}, map[int]string{2: "two", 1: "one"}, false},
 698 }
 699
 700 func TestDeepEqual(t *testing.T) {
 701         for _, test := range deepEqualTests {
 702                 if r := DeepEqual(test.a, test.b); r != test.eq {
 703                         t.Errorf("DeepEqual(%v, %v) = %v, want %v", test.a, test.b, r, test.eq)
 704                 }
 705         }
 706 }
 707
 708 func TestTypeOf(t *testing.T) {
 709         // Special case for nil
 710         if typ := TypeOf(nil); typ != nil {
 711                 t.Errorf("expected nil type for nil value; got %v", typ)
 712         }
 713         for _, test := range deepEqualTests {
 714                 v := ValueOf(test.a)
 715                 if !v.IsValid() {
 716                         continue
 717                 }
 718                 typ := TypeOf(test.a)
 719                 if typ != v.Type() {
 720                         t.Errorf("TypeOf(%v) = %v, but ValueOf(%v).Type() = %v", test.a, typ, test.a, v.Type())
 721                 }
 722         }
 723 }
 724
 725 type Recursive struct {
 726         x int
 727         r *Recursive
 728 }
 729
 730 func TestDeepEqualRecursiveStruct(t *testing.T) {
 731         a, b := new(Recursive), new(Recursive)
 732         *a = Recursive{12, a}
 733         *b = Recursive{12, b}
 734         if !DeepEqual(a, b) {
 735                 t.Error("DeepEqual(recursive same) = false, want true")
 736         }
 737 }
 738
 739 type _Complex struct {
 740         a int
 741         b [3]*_Complex
 742         c *string
 743         d map[float64]float64
 744 }
 745
 746 func TestDeepEqualComplexStruct(t *testing.T) {
 747         m := make(map[float64]float64)
 748         stra, strb := "hello", "hello"
 749         a, b := new(_Complex), new(_Complex)
 750         *a = _Complex{5, [3]*_Complex{a, b, a}, &stra, m}
 751         *b = _Complex{5, [3]*_Complex{b, a, a}, &strb, m}
 752         if !DeepEqual(a, b) {
 753                 t.Error("DeepEqual(complex same) = false, want true")
 754         }
 755 }
 756
 757 func TestDeepEqualComplexStructInequality(t *testing.T) {
 758         m := make(map[float64]float64)
 759         stra, strb := "hello", "helloo" // Difference is here
 760         a, b := new(_Complex), new(_Complex)
 761         *a = _Complex{5, [3]*_Complex{a, b, a}, &stra, m}
 762         *b = _Complex{5, [3]*_Complex{b, a, a}, &strb, m}
 763         if DeepEqual(a, b) {
 764                 t.Error("DeepEqual(complex different) = true, want false")
 765         }
 766 }
 767
 768 type UnexpT struct {
 769         m map[int]int
 770 }
 771
 772 func TestDeepEqualUnexportedMap(t *testing.T) {
 773         // Check that DeepEqual can look at unexported fields.
 774         x1 := UnexpT{map[int]int{1: 2}}
 775         x2 := UnexpT{map[int]int{1: 2}}
 776         if !DeepEqual(&x1, &x2) {
 777                 t.Error("DeepEqual(x1, x2) = false, want true")
 778         }
 779
 780         y1 := UnexpT{map[int]int{2: 3}}
 781         if DeepEqual(&x1, &y1) {
 782                 t.Error("DeepEqual(x1, y1) = true, want false")
 783         }
 784 }
 785
 786 func check2ndField(x interface{}, offs uintptr, t *testing.T) {
 787         s := ValueOf(x)
 788         f := s.Type().Field(1)
 789         if f.Offset != offs {
 790                 t.Error("mismatched offsets in structure alignment:", f.Offset, offs)
 791         }
 792 }
 793
 794 // Check that structure alignment & offsets viewed through reflect agree with those
 795 // from the compiler itself.
 796 func TestAlignment(t *testing.T) {
 797         type T1inner struct {
 798                 a int
 799         }
 800         type T1 struct {
 801                 T1inner
 802                 f int
 803         }
 804         type T2inner struct {
 805                 a, b int
 806         }
 807         type T2 struct {
 808                 T2inner
 809                 f int
 810         }
 811
 812         x := T1{T1inner{2}, 17}
 813         check2ndField(x, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&x.f))-uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&x)), t)
 814
 815         x1 := T2{T2inner{2, 3}, 17}
 816         check2ndField(x1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&x1.f))-uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&x1)), t)
 817 }
 818
 819 func Nil(a interface{}, t *testing.T) {
 820         n := ValueOf(a).Field(0)
 821         if !n.IsNil() {
 822                 t.Errorf("%v should be nil", a)
 823         }
 824 }
 825
 826 func NotNil(a interface{}, t *testing.T) {
 827         n := ValueOf(a).Field(0)
 828         if n.IsNil() {
 829                 t.Errorf("value of type %v should not be nil", ValueOf(a).Type().String())
 830         }
 831 }
 832
 833 func TestIsNil(t *testing.T) {
 834         // These implement IsNil.
 835         // Wrap in extra struct to hide interface type.
 836         doNil := []interface{}{
 837                 struct{ x *int }{},
 838                 struct{ x interface{} }{},
 839                 struct{ x map[string]int }{},
 840                 struct{ x func() bool }{},
 841                 struct{ x chan int }{},
 842                 struct{ x []string }{},
 843         }
 844         for _, ts := range doNil {
 845                 ty := TypeOf(ts).Field(0).Type
 846                 v := Zero(ty)
 847                 v.IsNil() // panics if not okay to call
 848         }
 849
 850         // Check the implementations
 851         var pi struct {
 852                 x *int
 853         }
 854         Nil(pi, t)
 855         pi.x = new(int)
 856         NotNil(pi, t)
 857
 858         var si struct {
 859                 x []int
 860         }
 861         Nil(si, t)
 862         si.x = make([]int, 10)
 863         NotNil(si, t)
 864
 865         var ci struct {
 866                 x chan int
 867         }
 868         Nil(ci, t)
 869         ci.x = make(chan int)
 870         NotNil(ci, t)
 871
 872         var mi struct {
 873                 x map[int]int
 874         }
 875         Nil(mi, t)
 876         mi.x = make(map[int]int)
 877         NotNil(mi, t)
 878
 879         var ii struct {
 880                 x interface{}
 881         }
 882         Nil(ii, t)
 883         ii.x = 2
 884         NotNil(ii, t)
 885
 886         var fi struct {
 887                 x func(t *testing.T)
 888         }
 889         Nil(fi, t)
 890         fi.x = TestIsNil
 891         NotNil(fi, t)
 892 }
 893
 894 func TestInterfaceExtraction(t *testing.T) {
 895         var s struct {
 896                 W io.Writer
 897         }
 898
 899         s.W = os.Stdout
 900         v := Indirect(ValueOf(&s)).Field(0).Interface()
 901         if v != s.W.(interface{}) {
 902                 t.Error("Interface() on interface: ", v, s.W)
 903         }
 904 }
 905
 906 func TestNilPtrValueSub(t *testing.T) {
 907         var pi *int
 908         if pv := ValueOf(pi); pv.Elem().IsValid() {
 909                 t.Error("ValueOf((*int)(nil)).Elem().IsValid()")
 910         }
 911 }
 912
 913 func TestMap(t *testing.T) {
 914         m := map[string]int{"a": 1, "b": 2}
 915         mv := ValueOf(m)
 916         if n := mv.Len(); n != len(m) {
 917                 t.Errorf("Len = %d, want %d", n, len(m))
 918         }
 919         keys := mv.MapKeys()
 920         newmap := MakeMap(mv.Type())
 921         for k, v := range m {
 922                 // Check that returned Keys match keys in range.
 923                 // These aren't required to be in the same order.
 924                 seen := false
 925                 for _, kv := range keys {
 926                         if kv.String() == k {
 927                                 seen = true
 928                                 break
 929                         }
 930                 }
 931                 if !seen {
 932                         t.Errorf("Missing key %q", k)
 933                 }
 934
 935                 // Check that value lookup is correct.
 936                 vv := mv.MapIndex(ValueOf(k))
 937                 if vi := vv.Int(); vi != int64(v) {
 938                         t.Errorf("Key %q: have value %d, want %d", k, vi, v)
 939                 }
 940
 941                 // Copy into new map.
 942                 newmap.SetMapIndex(ValueOf(k), ValueOf(v))
 943         }
 944         vv := mv.MapIndex(ValueOf("not-present"))
 945         if vv.IsValid() {
 946                 t.Errorf("Invalid key: got non-nil value %s", valueToString(vv))
 947         }
 948
 949         newm := newmap.Interface().(map[string]int)
 950         if len(newm) != len(m) {
 951                 t.Errorf("length after copy: newm=%d, m=%d", len(newm), len(m))
 952         }
 953
 954         for k, v := range newm {
 955                 mv, ok := m[k]
 956                 if mv != v {
 957                         t.Errorf("newm[%q] = %d, but m[%q] = %d, %v", k, v, k, mv, ok)
 958                 }
 959         }
 960
 961         newmap.SetMapIndex(ValueOf("a"), Value{})
 962         v, ok := newm["a"]
 963         if ok {
 964                 t.Errorf("newm[\"a\"] = %d after delete", v)
 965         }
 966
 967         mv = ValueOf(&m).Elem()
 968         mv.Set(Zero(mv.Type()))
 969         if m != nil {
 970                 t.Errorf("mv.Set(nil) failed")
 971         }
 972 }
 973
 974 func TestChan(t *testing.T) {
 975         for loop := 0; loop < 2; loop++ {
 976                 var c chan int
 977                 var cv Value
 978
 979                 // check both ways to allocate channels
 980                 switch loop {
 981                 case 1:
 982                         c = make(chan int, 1)
 983                         cv = ValueOf(c)
 984                 case 0:
 985                         cv = MakeChan(TypeOf(c), 1)
 986                         c = cv.Interface().(chan int)
 987                 }
 988
 989                 // Send
 990                 cv.Send(ValueOf(2))
 991                 if i := <-c; i != 2 {
 992                         t.Errorf("reflect Send 2, native recv %d", i)
 993                 }
 994
 995                 // Recv
 996                 c <- 3
 997                 if i, ok := cv.Recv(); i.Int() != 3 || !ok {
 998                         t.Errorf("native send 3, reflect Recv %d, %t", i.Int(), ok)
 999                 }
1000
1001                 // TryRecv fail
1002                 val, ok := cv.TryRecv()
1003                 if val.IsValid() || ok {
1004                         t.Errorf("TryRecv on empty chan: %s, %t", valueToString(val), ok)
1005                 }
1006
1007                 // TryRecv success
1008                 c <- 4
1009                 val, ok = cv.TryRecv()
1010                 if !val.IsValid() {
1011                         t.Errorf("TryRecv on ready chan got nil")
1012                 } else if i := val.Int(); i != 4 || !ok {
1013                         t.Errorf("native send 4, TryRecv %d, %t", i, ok)
1014                 }
1015
1016                 // TrySend fail
1017                 c <- 100
1018                 ok = cv.TrySend(ValueOf(5))
1019                 i := <-c
1020                 if ok {
1021                         t.Errorf("TrySend on full chan succeeded: value %d", i)
1022                 }
1023
1024                 // TrySend success
1025                 ok = cv.TrySend(ValueOf(6))
1026                 if !ok {
1027                         t.Errorf("TrySend on empty chan failed")
1028                 } else {
1029                         if i = <-c; i != 6 {
1030                                 t.Errorf("TrySend 6, recv %d", i)
1031                         }
1032                 }
1033
1034                 // Close
1035                 c <- 123
1036                 cv.Close()
1037                 if i, ok := cv.Recv(); i.Int() != 123 || !ok {
1038                         t.Errorf("send 123 then close; Recv %d, %t", i.Int(), ok)
1039                 }
1040                 if i, ok := cv.Recv(); i.Int() != 0 || ok {
1041                         t.Errorf("after close Recv %d, %t", i.Int(), ok)
1042                 }
1043         }
1044
1045         // check creation of unbuffered channel
1046         var c chan int
1047         cv := MakeChan(TypeOf(c), 0)
1048         c = cv.Interface().(chan int)
1049         if cv.TrySend(ValueOf(7)) {
1050                 t.Errorf("TrySend on sync chan succeeded")
1051         }
1052         if v, ok := cv.TryRecv(); v.IsValid() || ok {
1053                 t.Errorf("TryRecv on sync chan succeeded: isvalid=%v ok=%v", v.IsValid(), ok)
1054         }
1055
1056         // len/cap
1057         cv = MakeChan(TypeOf(c), 10)
1058         c = cv.Interface().(chan int)
1059         for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
1060                 c <- i
1061         }
1062         if l, m := cv.Len(), cv.Cap(); l != len(c) || m != cap(c) {
1063                 t.Errorf("Len/Cap = %d/%d want %d/%d", l, m, len(c), cap(c))
1064         }
1065 }
1066
1067 // caseInfo describes a single case in a select test.
1068 type caseInfo struct {
1069         desc      string
1070         canSelect bool
1071         recv      Value
1072         closed    bool
1073         helper    func()
1074         panic     bool
1075 }
1076
1077 var allselect = flag.Bool("allselect", false, "exhaustive select test")
1078
1079 func TestSelect(t *testing.T) {
1080         selectWatch.once.Do(func() { go selectWatcher() })
1081
1082         var x exhaustive
1083         nch := 0
1084         newop := func(n int, cap int) (ch, val Value) {
1085                 nch++
1086                 if nch%101%2 == 1 {
1087                         c := make(chan int, cap)
1088                         ch = ValueOf(c)
1089                         val = ValueOf(n)
1090                 } else {
1091                         c := make(chan string, cap)
1092                         ch = ValueOf(c)
1093                         val = ValueOf(fmt.Sprint(n))
1094                 }
1095                 return
1096         }
1097
1098         for n := 0; x.Next(); n++ {
1099                 if testing.Short() && n >= 1000 {
1100                         break
1101                 }
1102                 if n >= 100000 && !*allselect {
1103                         break
1104                 }
1105                 if n%100000 == 0 && testing.Verbose() {
1106                         println("TestSelect", n)
1107                 }
1108                 var cases []SelectCase
1109                 var info []caseInfo
1110
1111                 // Ready send.
1112                 if x.Maybe() {
1113                         ch, val := newop(len(cases), 1)
1114                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1115                                 Dir:  SelectSend,
1116                                 Chan: ch,
1117                                 Send: val,
1118                         })
1119                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "ready send", canSelect: true})
1120                 }
1121
1122                 // Ready recv.
1123                 if x.Maybe() {
1124                         ch, val := newop(len(cases), 1)
1125                         ch.Send(val)
1126                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1127                                 Dir:  SelectRecv,
1128                                 Chan: ch,
1129                         })
1130                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "ready recv", canSelect: true, recv: val})
1131                 }
1132
1133                 // Blocking send.
1134                 if x.Maybe() {
1135                         ch, val := newop(len(cases), 0)
1136                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1137                                 Dir:  SelectSend,
1138                                 Chan: ch,
1139                                 Send: val,
1140                         })
1141                         // Let it execute?
1142                         if x.Maybe() {
1143                                 f := func() { ch.Recv() }
1144                                 info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "blocking send", helper: f})
1145                         } else {
1146                                 info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "blocking send"})
1147                         }
1148                 }
1149
1150                 // Blocking recv.
1151                 if x.Maybe() {
1152                         ch, val := newop(len(cases), 0)
1153                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1154                                 Dir:  SelectRecv,
1155                                 Chan: ch,
1156                         })
1157                         // Let it execute?
1158                         if x.Maybe() {
1159                                 f := func() { ch.Send(val) }
1160                                 info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "blocking recv", recv: val, helper: f})
1161                         } else {
1162                                 info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "blocking recv"})
1163                         }
1164                 }
1165
1166                 // Zero Chan send.
1167                 if x.Maybe() {
1168                         // Maybe include value to send.
1169                         var val Value
1170                         if x.Maybe() {
1171                                 val = ValueOf(100)
1172                         }
1173                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1174                                 Dir:  SelectSend,
1175                                 Send: val,
1176                         })
1177                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "zero Chan send"})
1178                 }
1179
1180                 // Zero Chan receive.
1181                 if x.Maybe() {
1182                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1183                                 Dir: SelectRecv,
1184                         })
1185                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "zero Chan recv"})
1186                 }
1187
1188                 // nil Chan send.
1189                 if x.Maybe() {
1190                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1191                                 Dir:  SelectSend,
1192                                 Chan: ValueOf((chan int)(nil)),
1193                                 Send: ValueOf(101),
1194                         })
1195                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "nil Chan send"})
1196                 }
1197
1198                 // nil Chan recv.
1199                 if x.Maybe() {
1200                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1201                                 Dir:  SelectRecv,
1202                                 Chan: ValueOf((chan int)(nil)),
1203                         })
1204                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "nil Chan recv"})
1205                 }
1206
1207                 // closed Chan send.
1208                 if x.Maybe() {
1209                         ch := make(chan int)
1210                         close(ch)
1211                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1212                                 Dir:  SelectSend,
1213                                 Chan: ValueOf(ch),
1214                                 Send: ValueOf(101),
1215                         })
1216                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "closed Chan send", canSelect: true, panic: true})
1217                 }
1218
1219                 // closed Chan recv.
1220                 if x.Maybe() {
1221                         ch, val := newop(len(cases), 0)
1222                         ch.Close()
1223                         val = Zero(val.Type())
1224                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1225                                 Dir:  SelectRecv,
1226                                 Chan: ch,
1227                         })
1228                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "closed Chan recv", canSelect: true, closed: true, recv: val})
1229                 }
1230
1231                 var helper func() // goroutine to help the select complete
1232
1233                 // Add default? Must be last case here, but will permute.
1234                 // Add the default if the select would otherwise
1235                 // block forever, and maybe add it anyway.
1236                 numCanSelect := 0
1237                 canProceed := false
1238                 canBlock := true
1239                 canPanic := false
1240                 helpers := []int{}
1241                 for i, c := range info {
1242                         if c.canSelect {
1243                                 canProceed = true
1244                                 canBlock = false
1245                                 numCanSelect++
1246                                 if c.panic {
1247                                         canPanic = true
1248                                 }
1249                         } else if c.helper != nil {
1250                                 canProceed = true
1251                                 helpers = append(helpers, i)
1252                         }
1253                 }
1254                 if !canProceed || x.Maybe() {
1255                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1256                                 Dir: SelectDefault,
1257                         })
1258                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "default", canSelect: canBlock})
1259                         numCanSelect++
1260                 } else if canBlock {
1261                         // Select needs to communicate with another goroutine.
1262                         cas := &info[helpers[x.Choose(len(helpers))]]
1263                         helper = cas.helper
1264                         cas.canSelect = true
1265                         numCanSelect++
1266                 }
1267
1268                 // Permute cases and case info.
1269                 // Doing too much here makes the exhaustive loop
1270                 // too exhausting, so just do two swaps.
1271                 for loop := 0; loop < 2; loop++ {
1272                         i := x.Choose(len(cases))
1273                         j := x.Choose(len(cases))
1274                         cases[i], cases[j] = cases[j], cases[i]
1275                         info[i], info[j] = info[j], info[i]
1276                 }
1277
1278                 if helper != nil {
1279                         // We wait before kicking off a goroutine to satisfy a blocked select.
1280                         // The pause needs to be big enough to let the select block before
1281                         // we run the helper, but if we lose that race once in a while it's okay: the
1282                         // select will just proceed immediately. Not a big deal.
1283                         // For short tests we can grow [sic] the timeout a bit without fear of taking too long
1284                         pause := 10 * time.Microsecond
1285                         if testing.Short() {
1286                                 pause = 100 * time.Microsecond
1287                         }
1288                         time.AfterFunc(pause, helper)
1289                 }
1290
1291                 // Run select.
1292                 i, recv, recvOK, panicErr := runSelect(cases, info)
1293                 if panicErr != nil && !canPanic {
1294                         t.Fatalf("%s\npanicked unexpectedly: %v", fmtSelect(info), panicErr)
1295                 }
1296                 if panicErr == nil && canPanic && numCanSelect == 1 {
1297                         t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d incorrectly (should panic)", fmtSelect(info), i)
1298                 }
1299                 if panicErr != nil {
1300                         continue
1301                 }
1302
1303                 cas := info[i]
1304                 if !cas.canSelect {
1305                         recvStr := ""
1306                         if recv.IsValid() {
1307                                 recvStr = fmt.Sprintf(", received %v, %v", recv.Interface(), recvOK)
1308                         }
1309                         t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d incorrectly%s", fmtSelect(info), i, recvStr)
1310                         continue
1311                 }
1312                 if cas.panic {
1313                         t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d incorrectly (case should panic)", fmtSelect(info), i)
1314                         continue
1315                 }
1316
1317                 if cases[i].Dir == SelectRecv {
1318                         if !recv.IsValid() {
1319                                 t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d but got %v, %v, want %v, %v", fmtSelect(info), i, recv, recvOK, cas.recv.Interface(), !cas.closed)
1320                         }
1321                         if !cas.recv.IsValid() {
1322                                 t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d but internal error: missing recv value", fmtSelect(info), i)
1323                         }
1324                         if recv.Interface() != cas.recv.Interface() || recvOK != !cas.closed {
1325                                 if recv.Interface() == cas.recv.Interface() && recvOK == !cas.closed {
1326                                         t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d, got %#v, %v, and DeepEqual is broken on %T", fmtSelect(info), i, recv.Interface(), recvOK, recv.Interface())
1327                                 }
1328                                 t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d but got %#v, %v, want %#v, %v", fmtSelect(info), i, recv.Interface(), recvOK, cas.recv.Interface(), !cas.closed)
1329                         }
1330                 } else {
1331                         if recv.IsValid() || recvOK {
1332                                 t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d but got %v, %v, want %v, %v", fmtSelect(info), i, recv, recvOK, Value{}, false)
1333                         }
1334                 }
1335         }
1336 }
1337
1338 // selectWatch and the selectWatcher are a watchdog mechanism for running Select.
1339 // If the selectWatcher notices that the select has been blocked for >1 second, it prints
1340 // an error describing the select and panics the entire test binary.
1341 var selectWatch struct {
1342         sync.Mutex
1343         once sync.Once
1344         now  time.Time
1345         info []caseInfo
1346 }
1347
1348 func selectWatcher() {
1349         for {
1350                 time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
1351                 selectWatch.Lock()
1352                 if selectWatch.info != nil && time.Since(selectWatch.now) > 1*time.Second {
1353                         fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "TestSelect:\n%s blocked indefinitely\n", fmtSelect(selectWatch.info))
1354                         panic("select stuck")
1355                 }
1356                 selectWatch.Unlock()
1357         }
1358 }
1359
1360 // runSelect runs a single select test.
1361 // It returns the values returned by Select but also returns
1362 // a panic value if the Select panics.
1363 func runSelect(cases []SelectCase, info []caseInfo) (chosen int, recv Value, recvOK bool, panicErr interface{}) {
1364         defer func() {
1365                 panicErr = recover()
1366
1367                 selectWatch.Lock()
1368                 selectWatch.info = nil
1369                 selectWatch.Unlock()
1370         }()
1371
1372         selectWatch.Lock()
1373         selectWatch.now = time.Now()
1374         selectWatch.info = info
1375         selectWatch.Unlock()
1376
1377         chosen, recv, recvOK = Select(cases)
1378         return
1379 }
1380
1381 // fmtSelect formats the information about a single select test.
1382 func fmtSelect(info []caseInfo) string {
1383         var buf bytes.Buffer
1384         fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "\nselect {\n")
1385         for i, cas := range info {
1386                 fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "%d: %s", i, cas.desc)
1387                 if cas.recv.IsValid() {
1388                         fmt.Fprintf(&buf, " val=%#v", cas.recv.Interface())
1389                 }
1390                 if cas.canSelect {
1391                         fmt.Fprintf(&buf, " canselect")
1392                 }
1393                 if cas.panic {
1394                         fmt.Fprintf(&buf, " panic")
1395                 }
1396                 fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "\n")
1397         }
1398         fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "}")
1399         return buf.String()
1400 }
1401
1402 type two [2]uintptr
1403
1404 // Difficult test for function call because of
1405 // implicit padding between arguments.
1406 func dummy(b byte, c int, d byte, e two, f byte, g float32, h byte) (i byte, j int, k byte, l two, m byte, n float32, o byte) {
1407         return b, c, d, e, f, g, h
1408 }
1409
1410 func TestFunc(t *testing.T) {
1411         ret := ValueOf(dummy).Call([]Value{
1412                 ValueOf(byte(10)),
1413                 ValueOf(20),
1414                 ValueOf(byte(30)),
1415                 ValueOf(two{40, 50}),
1416                 ValueOf(byte(60)),
1417                 ValueOf(float32(70)),
1418                 ValueOf(byte(80)),
1419         })
1420         if len(ret) != 7 {
1421                 t.Fatalf("Call returned %d values, want 7", len(ret))
1422         }
1423
1424         i := byte(ret[0].Uint())
1425         j := int(ret[1].Int())
1426         k := byte(ret[2].Uint())
1427         l := ret[3].Interface().(two)
1428         m := byte(ret[4].Uint())
1429         n := float32(ret[5].Float())
1430         o := byte(ret[6].Uint())
1431
1432         if i != 10 || j != 20 || k != 30 || l != (two{40, 50}) || m != 60 || n != 70 || o != 80 {
1433                 t.Errorf("Call returned %d, %d, %d, %v, %d, %g, %d; want 10, 20, 30, [40, 50], 60, 70, 80", i, j, k, l, m, n, o)
1434         }
1435 }
1436
1437 type emptyStruct struct{}
1438
1439 type nonEmptyStruct struct {
1440         member int
1441 }
1442
1443 func returnEmpty() emptyStruct {
1444         return emptyStruct{}
1445 }
1446
1447 func takesEmpty(e emptyStruct) {
1448 }
1449
1450 func returnNonEmpty(i int) nonEmptyStruct {
1451         return nonEmptyStruct{member: i}
1452 }
1453
1454 func takesNonEmpty(n nonEmptyStruct) int {
1455         return n.member
1456 }
1457
1458 func TestCallWithStruct(t *testing.T) {
1459         r := ValueOf(returnEmpty).Call([]Value{})
1460         if len(r) != 1 || r[0].Type() != TypeOf(emptyStruct{}) {
1461                 t.Errorf("returning empty struct returned %s instead", r)
1462         }
1463         r = ValueOf(takesEmpty).Call([]Value{ValueOf(emptyStruct{})})
1464         if len(r) != 0 {
1465                 t.Errorf("takesEmpty returned values: %s", r)
1466         }
1467         r = ValueOf(returnNonEmpty).Call([]Value{ValueOf(42)})
1468         if len(r) != 1 || r[0].Type() != TypeOf(nonEmptyStruct{}) || r[0].Field(0).Int() != 42 {
1469                 t.Errorf("returnNonEmpty returned %s", r)
1470         }
1471         r = ValueOf(takesNonEmpty).Call([]Value{ValueOf(nonEmptyStruct{member: 42})})
1472         if len(r) != 1 || r[0].Type() != TypeOf(1) || r[0].Int() != 42 {
1473                 t.Errorf("takesNonEmpty returned %s", r)
1474         }
1475 }
1476
1477 func TestMakeFunc(t *testing.T) {
1478         switch runtime.GOARCH {
1479         case "amd64", "386":
1480         default:
1481                 t.Skip("MakeFunc not implemented for " + runtime.GOARCH)
1482         }
1483
1484         f := dummy
1485         fv := MakeFunc(TypeOf(f), func(in []Value) []Value { return in })
1486         ValueOf(&f).Elem().Set(fv)
1487
1488         // Call g with small arguments so that there is
1489         // something predictable (and different from the
1490         // correct results) in those positions on the stack.
1491         g := dummy
1492         g(1, 2, 3, two{4, 5}, 6, 7, 8)
1493
1494         // Call constructed function f.
1495         i, j, k, l, m, n, o := f(10, 20, 30, two{40, 50}, 60, 70, 80)
1496         if i != 10 || j != 20 || k != 30 || l != (two{40, 50}) || m != 60 || n != 70 || o != 80 {
1497                 t.Errorf("Call returned %d, %d, %d, %v, %d, %g, %d; want 10, 20, 30, [40, 50], 60, 70, 80", i, j, k, l, m, n, o)
1498         }
1499 }
1500
1501 func TestMakeFuncInterface(t *testing.T) {
1502         switch runtime.GOARCH {
1503         case "amd64", "386":
1504         default:
1505                 t.Skip("MakeFunc not implemented for " + runtime.GOARCH)
1506         }
1507
1508         fn := func(i int) int { return i }
1509         incr := func(in []Value) []Value {
1510                 return []Value{ValueOf(int(in[0].Int() + 1))}
1511         }
1512         fv := MakeFunc(TypeOf(fn), incr)
1513         ValueOf(&fn).Elem().Set(fv)
1514         if r := fn(2); r != 3 {
1515                 t.Errorf("Call returned %d, want 3", r)
1516         }
1517         if r := fv.Call([]Value{ValueOf(14)})[0].Int(); r != 15 {
1518                 t.Errorf("Call returned %d, want 15", r)
1519         }
1520         if r := fv.Interface().(func(int) int)(26); r != 27 {
1521                 t.Errorf("Call returned %d, want 27", r)
1522         }
1523 }
1524
1525 type Point struct {
1526         x, y int
1527 }
1528
1529 // This will be index 0.
1530 func (p Point) AnotherMethod(scale int) int {
1531         return -1
1532 }
1533
1534 // This will be index 1.
1535 func (p Point) Dist(scale int) int {
1536         //println("Point.Dist", p.x, p.y, scale)
1537         return p.x*p.x*scale + p.y*p.y*scale
1538 }
1539
1540 func TestMethod(t *testing.T) {
1541         // Non-curried method of type.
1542         p := Point{3, 4}
1543         i := TypeOf(p).Method(1).Func.Call([]Value{ValueOf(p), ValueOf(10)})[0].Int()
1544         if i != 250 {
1545                 t.Errorf("Type Method returned %d; want 250", i)
1546         }
1547
1548         m, ok := TypeOf(p).MethodByName("Dist")
1549         if !ok {
1550                 t.Fatalf("method by name failed")
1551         }
1552         i = m.Func.Call([]Value{ValueOf(p), ValueOf(11)})[0].Int()
1553         if i != 275 {
1554                 t.Errorf("Type MethodByName returned %d; want 275", i)
1555         }
1556
1557         i = TypeOf(&p).Method(1).Func.Call([]Value{ValueOf(&p), ValueOf(12)})[0].Int()
1558         if i != 300 {
1559                 t.Errorf("Pointer Type Method returned %d; want 300", i)
1560         }
1561
1562         m, ok = TypeOf(&p).MethodByName("Dist")
1563         if !ok {
1564                 t.Fatalf("ptr method by name failed")
1565         }
1566         i = m.Func.Call([]Value{ValueOf(&p), ValueOf(13)})[0].Int()
1567         if i != 325 {
1568                 t.Errorf("Pointer Type MethodByName returned %d; want 325", i)
1569         }
1570
1571         // Curried method of value.
1572         tfunc := TypeOf((func(int) int)(nil))
1573         v := ValueOf(p).Method(1)
1574         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1575                 t.Errorf("Value Method Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1576         }
1577         i = v.Call([]Value{ValueOf(14)})[0].Int()
1578         if i != 350 {
1579                 t.Errorf("Value Method returned %d; want 350", i)
1580         }
1581         v = ValueOf(p).MethodByName("Dist")
1582         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1583                 t.Errorf("Value MethodByName Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1584         }
1585         i = v.Call([]Value{ValueOf(15)})[0].Int()
1586         if i != 375 {
1587                 t.Errorf("Value MethodByName returned %d; want 375", i)
1588         }
1589
1590         // Curried method of pointer.
1591         v = ValueOf(&p).Method(1)
1592         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1593                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value Method Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1594         }
1595         i = v.Call([]Value{ValueOf(16)})[0].Int()
1596         if i != 400 {
1597                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value Method returned %d; want 400", i)
1598         }
1599         v = ValueOf(&p).MethodByName("Dist")
1600         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1601                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value MethodByName Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1602         }
1603         i = v.Call([]Value{ValueOf(17)})[0].Int()
1604         if i != 425 {
1605                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value MethodByName returned %d; want 425", i)
1606         }
1607
1608         // Curried method of interface value.
1609         // Have to wrap interface value in a struct to get at it.
1610         // Passing it to ValueOf directly would
1611         // access the underlying Point, not the interface.
1612         var x interface {
1613                 Dist(int) int
1614         } = p
1615         pv := ValueOf(&x).Elem()
1616         v = pv.Method(0)
1617         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1618                 t.Errorf("Interface Method Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1619         }
1620         i = v.Call([]Value{ValueOf(18)})[0].Int()
1621         if i != 450 {
1622                 t.Errorf("Interface Method returned %d; want 450", i)
1623         }
1624         v = pv.MethodByName("Dist")
1625         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1626                 t.Errorf("Interface MethodByName Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1627         }
1628         i = v.Call([]Value{ValueOf(19)})[0].Int()
1629         if i != 475 {
1630                 t.Errorf("Interface MethodByName returned %d; want 475", i)
1631         }
1632 }
1633
1634 func TestMethodValue(t *testing.T) {
1635         switch runtime.GOARCH {
1636         case "amd64", "386":
1637         default:
1638                 t.Skip("reflect method values not implemented for " + runtime.GOARCH)
1639         }
1640
1641         p := Point{3, 4}
1642         var i int64
1643
1644         // Curried method of value.
1645         tfunc := TypeOf((func(int) int)(nil))
1646         v := ValueOf(p).Method(1)
1647         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1648                 t.Errorf("Value Method Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1649         }
1650         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(10)})[0].Int()
1651         if i != 250 {
1652                 t.Errorf("Value Method returned %d; want 250", i)
1653         }
1654         v = ValueOf(p).MethodByName("Dist")
1655         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1656                 t.Errorf("Value MethodByName Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1657         }
1658         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(11)})[0].Int()
1659         if i != 275 {
1660                 t.Errorf("Value MethodByName returned %d; want 275", i)
1661         }
1662
1663         // Curried method of pointer.
1664         v = ValueOf(&p).Method(1)
1665         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1666                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value Method Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1667         }
1668         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(12)})[0].Int()
1669         if i != 300 {
1670                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value Method returned %d; want 300", i)
1671         }
1672         v = ValueOf(&p).MethodByName("Dist")
1673         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1674                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value MethodByName Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1675         }
1676         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(13)})[0].Int()
1677         if i != 325 {
1678                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value MethodByName returned %d; want 325", i)
1679         }
1680
1681         // Curried method of pointer to pointer.
1682         pp := &p
1683         v = ValueOf(&pp).Elem().Method(1)
1684         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1685                 t.Errorf("Pointer Pointer Value Method Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1686         }
1687         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(14)})[0].Int()
1688         if i != 350 {
1689                 t.Errorf("Pointer Pointer Value Method returned %d; want 350", i)
1690         }
1691         v = ValueOf(&pp).Elem().MethodByName("Dist")
1692         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1693                 t.Errorf("Pointer Pointer Value MethodByName Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1694         }
1695         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(15)})[0].Int()
1696         if i != 375 {
1697                 t.Errorf("Pointer Pointer Value MethodByName returned %d; want 375", i)
1698         }
1699
1700         // Curried method of interface value.
1701         // Have to wrap interface value in a struct to get at it.
1702         // Passing it to ValueOf directly would
1703         // access the underlying Point, not the interface.
1704         var s = struct {
1705                 X interface {
1706                         Dist(int) int
1707                 }
1708         }{p}
1709         pv := ValueOf(s).Field(0)
1710         v = pv.Method(0)
1711         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1712                 t.Errorf("Interface Method Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1713         }
1714         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(16)})[0].Int()
1715         if i != 400 {
1716                 t.Errorf("Interface Method returned %d; want 400", i)
1717         }
1718         v = pv.MethodByName("Dist")
1719         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1720                 t.Errorf("Interface MethodByName Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1721         }
1722         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(17)})[0].Int()
1723         if i != 425 {
1724                 t.Errorf("Interface MethodByName returned %d; want 425", i)
1725         }
1726 }
1727
1728 // Reflect version of $GOROOT/test/method5.go
1729
1730 // Concrete types implementing M method.
1731 // Smaller than a word, word-sized, larger than a word.
1732 // Value and pointer receivers.
1733
1734 type Tinter interface {
1735         M(int, byte) (byte, int)
1736 }
1737
1738 type Tsmallv byte
1739
1740 func (v Tsmallv) M(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(v) }
1741
1742 type Tsmallp byte
1743
1744 func (p *Tsmallp) M(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(*p) }
1745
1746 type Twordv uintptr
1747
1748 func (v Twordv) M(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(v) }
1749
1750 type Twordp uintptr
1751
1752 func (p *Twordp) M(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(*p) }
1753
1754 type Tbigv [2]uintptr
1755
1756 func (v Tbigv) M(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(v[0]) + int(v[1]) }
1757
1758 type Tbigp [2]uintptr
1759
1760 func (p *Tbigp) M(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(p[0]) + int(p[1]) }
1761
1762 // Again, with an unexported method.
1763
1764 type tsmallv byte
1765
1766 func (v tsmallv) m(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(v) }
1767
1768 type tsmallp byte
1769
1770 func (p *tsmallp) m(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(*p) }
1771
1772 type twordv uintptr
1773
1774 func (v twordv) m(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(v) }
1775
1776 type twordp uintptr
1777
1778 func (p *twordp) m(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(*p) }
1779
1780 type tbigv [2]uintptr
1781
1782 func (v tbigv) m(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(v[0]) + int(v[1]) }
1783
1784 type tbigp [2]uintptr
1785
1786 func (p *tbigp) m(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(p[0]) + int(p[1]) }
1787
1788 type tinter interface {
1789         m(int, byte) (byte, int)
1790 }
1791
1792 // Embedding via pointer.
1793
1794 type Tm1 struct {
1795         Tm2
1796 }
1797
1798 type Tm2 struct {
1799         *Tm3
1800 }
1801
1802 type Tm3 struct {
1803         *Tm4
1804 }
1805
1806 type Tm4 struct {
1807 }
1808
1809 func (t4 Tm4) M(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + 40 }
1810
1811 func TestMethod5(t *testing.T) {
1812         switch runtime.GOARCH {
1813         case "amd64", "386":
1814         default:
1815                 t.Skip("reflect method values not implemented for " + runtime.GOARCH)
1816         }
1817
1818         CheckF := func(name string, f func(int, byte) (byte, int), inc int) {
1819                 b, x := f(1000, 99)
1820                 if b != 99 || x != 1000+inc {
1821                         t.Errorf("%s(1000, 99) = %v, %v, want 99, %v", name, b, x, 1000+inc)
1822                 }
1823         }
1824
1825         CheckV := func(name string, i Value, inc int) {
1826                 bx := i.Method(0).Call([]Value{ValueOf(1000), ValueOf(byte(99))})
1827                 b := bx[0].Interface()
1828                 x := bx[1].Interface()
1829                 if b != byte(99) || x != 1000+inc {
1830                         t.Errorf("direct %s.M(1000, 99) = %v, %v, want 99, %v", name, b, x, 1000+inc)
1831                 }
1832
1833                 CheckF(name+".M", i.Method(0).Interface().(func(int, byte) (byte, int)), inc)
1834         }
1835
1836         var TinterType = TypeOf(new(Tinter)).Elem()
1837         var tinterType = TypeOf(new(tinter)).Elem()
1838
1839         CheckI := func(name string, i interface{}, inc int) {
1840                 v := ValueOf(i)
1841                 CheckV(name, v, inc)
1842                 CheckV("(i="+name+")", v.Convert(TinterType), inc)
1843         }
1844
1845         sv := Tsmallv(1)
1846         CheckI("sv", sv, 1)
1847         CheckI("&sv", &sv, 1)
1848
1849         sp := Tsmallp(2)
1850         CheckI("&sp", &sp, 2)
1851
1852         wv := Twordv(3)
1853         CheckI("wv", wv, 3)
1854         CheckI("&wv", &wv, 3)
1855
1856         wp := Twordp(4)
1857         CheckI("&wp", &wp, 4)
1858
1859         bv := Tbigv([2]uintptr{5, 6})
1860         CheckI("bv", bv, 11)
1861         CheckI("&bv", &bv, 11)
1862
1863         bp := Tbigp([2]uintptr{7, 8})
1864         CheckI("&bp", &bp, 15)
1865
1866         t4 := Tm4{}
1867         t3 := Tm3{&t4}
1868         t2 := Tm2{&t3}
1869         t1 := Tm1{t2}
1870         CheckI("t4", t4, 40)
1871         CheckI("&t4", &t4, 40)
1872         CheckI("t3", t3, 40)
1873         CheckI("&t3", &t3, 40)
1874         CheckI("t2", t2, 40)
1875         CheckI("&t2", &t2, 40)
1876         CheckI("t1", t1, 40)
1877         CheckI("&t1", &t1, 40)
1878
1879         methodShouldPanic := func(name string, i interface{}) {
1880                 v := ValueOf(i)
1881                 m := v.Method(0)
1882                 shouldPanic(func() { m.Call([]Value{ValueOf(1000), ValueOf(byte(99))}) })
1883                 shouldPanic(func() { m.Interface() })
1884
1885                 v = v.Convert(tinterType)
1886                 m = v.Method(0)
1887                 shouldPanic(func() { m.Call([]Value{ValueOf(1000), ValueOf(byte(99))}) })
1888                 shouldPanic(func() { m.Interface() })
1889         }
1890
1891         _sv := tsmallv(1)
1892         methodShouldPanic("_sv", _sv)
1893         methodShouldPanic("&_sv", &_sv)
1894
1895         _sp := tsmallp(2)
1896         methodShouldPanic("&_sp", &_sp)
1897
1898         _wv := twordv(3)
1899         methodShouldPanic("_wv", _wv)
1900         methodShouldPanic("&_wv", &_wv)
1901
1902         _wp := twordp(4)
1903         methodShouldPanic("&_wp", &_wp)
1904
1905         _bv := tbigv([2]uintptr{5, 6})
1906         methodShouldPanic("_bv", _bv)
1907         methodShouldPanic("&_bv", &_bv)
1908
1909         _bp := tbigp([2]uintptr{7, 8})
1910         methodShouldPanic("&_bp", &_bp)
1911
1912         var tnil Tinter
1913         vnil := ValueOf(&tnil).Elem()
1914         shouldPanic(func() { vnil.Method(0) })
1915 }
1916
1917 func TestInterfaceSet(t *testing.T) {
1918         p := &Point{3, 4}
1919
1920         var s struct {
1921                 I interface{}
1922                 P interface {
1923                         Dist(int) int
1924                 }
1925         }
1926         sv := ValueOf(&s).Elem()
1927         sv.Field(0).Set(ValueOf(p))
1928         if q := s.I.(*Point); q != p {
1929                 t.Errorf("i: have %p want %p", q, p)
1930         }
1931
1932         pv := sv.Field(1)
1933         pv.Set(ValueOf(p))
1934         if q := s.P.(*Point); q != p {
1935                 t.Errorf("i: have %p want %p", q, p)
1936         }
1937
1938         i := pv.Method(0).Call([]Value{ValueOf(10)})[0].Int()
1939         if i != 250 {
1940                 t.Errorf("Interface Method returned %d; want 250", i)
1941         }
1942 }
1943
1944 type T1 struct {
1945         a string
1946         int
1947 }
1948
1949 func TestAnonymousFields(t *testing.T) {
1950         var field StructField
1951         var ok bool
1952         var t1 T1
1953         type1 := TypeOf(t1)
1954         if field, ok = type1.FieldByName("int"); !ok {
1955                 t.Fatal("no field 'int'")
1956         }
1957         if field.Index[0] != 1 {
1958                 t.Error("field index should be 1; is", field.Index)
1959         }
1960 }
1961
1962 type FTest struct {
1963         s     interface{}
1964         name  string
1965         index []int
1966         value int
1967 }
1968
1969 type D1 struct {
1970         d int
1971 }
1972 type D2 struct {
1973         d int
1974 }
1975
1976 type S0 struct {
1977         A, B, C int
1978         D1
1979         D2
1980 }
1981
1982 type S1 struct {
1983         B int
1984         S0
1985 }
1986
1987 type S2 struct {
1988         A int
1989         *S1
1990 }
1991
1992 type S1x struct {
1993         S1
1994 }
1995
1996 type S1y struct {
1997         S1
1998 }
1999
2000 type S3 struct {
2001         S1x
2002         S2
2003         D, E int
2004         *S1y
2005 }
2006
2007 type S4 struct {
2008         *S4
2009         A int
2010 }
2011
2012 // The X in S6 and S7 annihilate, but they also block the X in S8.S9.
2013 type S5 struct {
2014         S6
2015         S7
2016         S8
2017 }
2018
2019 type S6 struct {
2020         X int
2021 }
2022
2023 type S7 S6
2024
2025 type S8 struct {
2026         S9
2027 }
2028
2029 type S9 struct {
2030         X int
2031         Y int
2032 }
2033
2034 // The X in S11.S6 and S12.S6 annihilate, but they also block the X in S13.S8.S9.
2035 type S10 struct {
2036         S11
2037         S12
2038         S13
2039 }
2040
2041 type S11 struct {
2042         S6
2043 }
2044
2045 type S12 struct {
2046         S6
2047 }
2048
2049 type S13 struct {
2050         S8
2051 }
2052
2053 // The X in S15.S11.S1 and S16.S11.S1 annihilate.
2054 type S14 struct {
2055         S15
2056         S16
2057 }
2058
2059 type S15 struct {
2060         S11
2061 }
2062
2063 type S16 struct {
2064         S11
2065 }
2066
2067 var fieldTests = []FTest{
2068         {struct{}{}, "", nil, 0},
2069         {struct{}{}, "Foo", nil, 0},
2070         {S0{A: 'a'}, "A", []int{0}, 'a'},
2071         {S0{}, "D", nil, 0},
2072         {S1{S0: S0{A: 'a'}}, "A", []int{1, 0}, 'a'},
2073         {S1{B: 'b'}, "B", []int{0}, 'b'},
2074         {S1{}, "S0", []int{1}, 0},
2075         {S1{S0: S0{C: 'c'}}, "C", []int{1, 2}, 'c'},
2076         {S2{A: 'a'}, "A", []int{0}, 'a'},
2077         {S2{}, "S1", []int{1}, 0},
2078         {S2{S1: &S1{B: 'b'}}, "B", []int{1, 0}, 'b'},
2079         {S2{S1: &S1{S0: S0{C: 'c'}}}, "C", []int{1, 1, 2}, 'c'},
2080         {S2{}, "D", nil, 0},
2081         {S3{}, "S1", nil, 0},
2082         {S3{S2: S2{A: 'a'}}, "A", []int{1, 0}, 'a'},
2083         {S3{}, "B", nil, 0},
2084         {S3{D: 'd'}, "D", []int{2}, 0},
2085         {S3{E: 'e'}, "E", []int{3}, 'e'},
2086         {S4{A: 'a'}, "A", []int{1}, 'a'},
2087         {S4{}, "B", nil, 0},
2088         {S5{}, "X", nil, 0},
2089         {S5{}, "Y", []int{2, 0, 1}, 0},
2090         {S10{}, "X", nil, 0},
2091         {S10{}, "Y", []int{2, 0, 0, 1}, 0},
2092         {S14{}, "X", nil, 0},
2093 }
2094
2095 func TestFieldByIndex(t *testing.T) {
2096         for _, test := range fieldTests {
2097                 s := TypeOf(test.s)
2098                 f := s.FieldByIndex(test.index)
2099                 if f.Name != "" {
2100                         if test.index != nil {
2101                                 if f.Name != test.name {
2102                                         t.Errorf("%s.%s found; want %s", s.Name(), f.Name, test.name)
2103                                 }
2104                         } else {
2105                                 t.Errorf("%s.%s found", s.Name(), f.Name)
2106                         }
2107                 } else if len(test.index) > 0 {
2108                         t.Errorf("%s.%s not found", s.Name(), test.name)
2109                 }
2110
2111                 if test.value != 0 {
2112                         v := ValueOf(test.s).FieldByIndex(test.index)
2113                         if v.IsValid() {
2114                                 if x, ok := v.Interface().(int); ok {
2115                                         if x != test.value {
2116                                                 t.Errorf("%s%v is %d; want %d", s.Name(), test.index, x, test.value)
2117                                         }
2118                                 } else {
2119                                         t.Errorf("%s%v value not an int", s.Name(), test.index)
2120                                 }
2121                         } else {
2122                                 t.Errorf("%s%v value not found", s.Name(), test.index)
2123                         }
2124                 }
2125         }
2126 }
2127
2128 func TestFieldByName(t *testing.T) {
2129         for _, test := range fieldTests {
2130                 s := TypeOf(test.s)
2131                 f, found := s.FieldByName(test.name)
2132                 if found {
2133                         if test.index != nil {
2134                                 // Verify field depth and index.
2135                                 if len(f.Index) != len(test.index) {
2136                                         t.Errorf("%s.%s depth %d; want %d: %v vs %v", s.Name(), test.name, len(f.Index), len(test.index), f.Index, test.index)
2137                                 } else {
2138                                         for i, x := range f.Index {
2139                                                 if x != test.index[i] {
2140                                                         t.Errorf("%s.%s.Index[%d] is %d; want %d", s.Name(), test.name, i, x, test.index[i])
2141                                                 }
2142                                         }
2143                                 }
2144                         } else {
2145                                 t.Errorf("%s.%s found", s.Name(), f.Name)
2146                         }
2147                 } else if len(test.index) > 0 {
2148                         t.Errorf("%s.%s not found", s.Name(), test.name)
2149                 }
2150
2151                 if test.value != 0 {
2152                         v := ValueOf(test.s).FieldByName(test.name)
2153                         if v.IsValid() {
2154                                 if x, ok := v.Interface().(int); ok {
2155                                         if x != test.value {
2156                                                 t.Errorf("%s.%s is %d; want %d", s.Name(), test.name, x, test.value)
2157                                         }
2158                                 } else {
2159                                         t.Errorf("%s.%s value not an int", s.Name(), test.name)
2160                                 }
2161                         } else {
2162                                 t.Errorf("%s.%s value not found", s.Name(), test.name)
2163                         }
2164                 }
2165         }
2166 }
2167
2168 func TestImportPath(t *testing.T) {
2169         tests := []struct {
2170                 t    Type
2171                 path string
2172         }{
2173                 {TypeOf(&base64.Encoding{}).Elem(), "encoding/base64"},
2174                 {TypeOf(int(0)), ""},
2175                 {TypeOf(int8(0)), ""},
2176                 {TypeOf(int16(0)), ""},
2177                 {TypeOf(int32(0)), ""},
2178                 {TypeOf(int64(0)), ""},
2179                 {TypeOf(uint(0)), ""},
2180                 {TypeOf(uint8(0)), ""},
2181                 {TypeOf(uint16(0)), ""},
2182                 {TypeOf(uint32(0)), ""},
2183                 {TypeOf(uint64(0)), ""},
2184                 {TypeOf(uintptr(0)), ""},
2185                 {TypeOf(float32(0)), ""},
2186                 {TypeOf(float64(0)), ""},
2187                 {TypeOf(complex64(0)), ""},
2188                 {TypeOf(complex128(0)), ""},
2189                 {TypeOf(byte(0)), ""},
2190                 {TypeOf(rune(0)), ""},
2191                 {TypeOf([]byte(nil)), ""},
2192                 {TypeOf([]rune(nil)), ""},
2193                 {TypeOf(string("")), ""},
2194                 {TypeOf((*interface{})(nil)).Elem(), ""},
2195                 {TypeOf((*byte)(nil)), ""},
2196                 {TypeOf((*rune)(nil)), ""},
2197                 {TypeOf((*int64)(nil)), ""},
2198                 {TypeOf(map[string]int{}), ""},
2199                 {TypeOf((*error)(nil)).Elem(), ""},
2200         }
2201         for _, test := range tests {
2202                 if path := test.t.PkgPath(); path != test.path {
2203                         t.Errorf("%v.PkgPath() = %q, want %q", test.t, path, test.path)
2204                 }
2205         }
2206 }
2207
2208 func TestVariadicType(t *testing.T) {
2209         // Test example from Type documentation.
2210         var f func(x int, y ...float64)
2211         typ := TypeOf(f)
2212         if typ.NumIn() == 2 && typ.In(0) == TypeOf(int(0)) {
2213                 sl := typ.In(1)
2214                 if sl.Kind() == Slice {
2215                         if sl.Elem() == TypeOf(0.0) {
2216                                 // ok
2217                                 return
2218                         }
2219                 }
2220         }
2221
2222         // Failed
2223         t.Errorf("want NumIn() = 2, In(0) = int, In(1) = []float64")
2224         s := fmt.Sprintf("have NumIn() = %d", typ.NumIn())
2225         for i := 0; i < typ.NumIn(); i++ {
2226                 s += fmt.Sprintf(", In(%d) = %s", i, typ.In(i))
2227         }
2228         t.Error(s)
2229 }
2230
2231 type inner struct {
2232         x int
2233 }
2234
2235 type outer struct {
2236         y int
2237         inner
2238 }
2239
2240 func (*inner) m() {}
2241 func (*outer) m() {}
2242
2243 func TestNestedMethods(t *testing.T) {
2244         t.Skip("fails on gccgo due to function wrappers")
2245         typ := TypeOf((*outer)(nil))
2246         if typ.NumMethod() != 1 || typ.Method(0).Func.Pointer() != ValueOf((*outer).m).Pointer() {
2247                 t.Errorf("Wrong method table for outer: (m=%p)", (*outer).m)
2248                 for i := 0; i < typ.NumMethod(); i++ {
2249                         m := typ.Method(i)
2250                         t.Errorf("\t%d: %s %#x\n", i, m.Name, m.Func.Pointer())
2251                 }
2252         }
2253 }
2254
2255 type InnerInt struct {
2256         X int
2257 }
2258
2259 type OuterInt struct {
2260         Y int
2261         InnerInt
2262 }
2263
2264 func (i *InnerInt) M() int {
2265         return i.X
2266 }
2267
2268 func TestEmbeddedMethods(t *testing.T) {
2269         /* This part of the test fails on gccgo due to function wrappers.
2270         typ := TypeOf((*OuterInt)(nil))
2271         if typ.NumMethod() != 1 || typ.Method(0).Func.Pointer() != ValueOf((*OuterInt).M).Pointer() {
2272                 t.Errorf("Wrong method table for OuterInt: (m=%p)", (*OuterInt).M)
2273                 for i := 0; i < typ.NumMethod(); i++ {
2274                         m := typ.Method(i)
2275                         t.Errorf("\t%d: %s %#x\n", i, m.Name, m.Func.Pointer())
2276                 }
2277         }
2278         */
2279
2280         i := &InnerInt{3}
2281         if v := ValueOf(i).Method(0).Call(nil)[0].Int(); v != 3 {
2282                 t.Errorf("i.M() = %d, want 3", v)
2283         }
2284
2285         o := &OuterInt{1, InnerInt{2}}
2286         if v := ValueOf(o).Method(0).Call(nil)[0].Int(); v != 2 {
2287                 t.Errorf("i.M() = %d, want 2", v)
2288         }
2289
2290         f := (*OuterInt).M
2291         if v := f(o); v != 2 {
2292                 t.Errorf("f(o) = %d, want 2", v)
2293         }
2294 }
2295
2296 func TestPtrTo(t *testing.T) {
2297         var i int
2298
2299         typ := TypeOf(i)
2300         for i = 0; i < 100; i++ {
2301                 typ = PtrTo(typ)
2302         }
2303         for i = 0; i < 100; i++ {
2304                 typ = typ.Elem()
2305         }
2306         if typ != TypeOf(i) {
2307                 t.Errorf("after 100 PtrTo and Elem, have %s, want %s", typ, TypeOf(i))
2308         }
2309 }
2310
2311 func TestPtrToGC(t *testing.T) {
2312         type T *uintptr
2313         tt := TypeOf(T(nil))
2314         pt := PtrTo(tt)
2315         const n = 100
2316         var x []interface{}
2317         for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
2318                 v := New(pt)
2319                 p := new(*uintptr)
2320                 *p = new(uintptr)
2321                 **p = uintptr(i)
2322                 v.Elem().Set(ValueOf(p).Convert(pt))
2323                 x = append(x, v.Interface())
2324         }
2325         runtime.GC()
2326
2327         for i, xi := range x {
2328                 k := ValueOf(xi).Elem().Elem().Elem().Interface().(uintptr)
2329                 if k != uintptr(i) {
2330                         t.Errorf("lost x[%d] = %d, want %d", i, k, i)
2331                 }
2332         }
2333 }
2334
2335 func TestAddr(t *testing.T) {
2336         var p struct {
2337                 X, Y int
2338         }
2339
2340         v := ValueOf(&p)
2341         v = v.Elem()
2342         v = v.Addr()
2343         v = v.Elem()
2344         v = v.Field(0)
2345         v.SetInt(2)
2346         if p.X != 2 {
2347                 t.Errorf("Addr.Elem.Set failed to set value")
2348         }
2349
2350         // Again but take address of the ValueOf value.
2351         // Exercises generation of PtrTypes not present in the binary.
2352         q := &p
2353         v = ValueOf(&q).Elem()
2354         v = v.Addr()
2355         v = v.Elem()
2356         v = v.Elem()
2357         v = v.Addr()
2358         v = v.Elem()
2359         v = v.Field(0)
2360         v.SetInt(3)
2361         if p.X != 3 {
2362                 t.Errorf("Addr.Elem.Set failed to set value")
2363         }
2364
2365         // Starting without pointer we should get changed value
2366         // in interface.
2367         qq := p
2368         v = ValueOf(&qq).Elem()
2369         v0 := v
2370         v = v.Addr()
2371         v = v.Elem()
2372         v = v.Field(0)
2373         v.SetInt(4)
2374         if p.X != 3 { // should be unchanged from last time
2375                 t.Errorf("somehow value Set changed original p")
2376         }
2377         p = v0.Interface().(struct {
2378                 X, Y int
2379         })
2380         if p.X != 4 {
2381                 t.Errorf("Addr.Elem.Set valued to set value in top value")
2382         }
2383
2384         // Verify that taking the address of a type gives us a pointer
2385         // which we can convert back using the usual interface
2386         // notation.
2387         var s struct {
2388                 B *bool
2389         }
2390         ps := ValueOf(&s).Elem().Field(0).Addr().Interface()
2391         *(ps.(**bool)) = new(bool)
2392         if s.B == nil {
2393                 t.Errorf("Addr.Interface direct assignment failed")
2394         }
2395 }
2396
2397 /* gccgo does do allocations here.
2398
2399 func noAlloc(t *testing.T, n int, f func(int)) {
2400         if testing.Short() {
2401                 t.Skip("skipping malloc count in short mode")
2402         }
2403         if runtime.GOMAXPROCS(0) > 1 {
2404                 t.Skip("skipping; GOMAXPROCS>1")
2405         }
2406         i := -1
2407         allocs := testing.AllocsPerRun(n, func() {
2408                 f(i)
2409                 i++
2410         })
2411         if allocs > 0 {
2412                 t.Errorf("%d iterations: got %v mallocs, want 0", n, allocs)
2413         }
2414 }
2415
2416 func TestAllocations(t *testing.T) {
2417         noAlloc(t, 100, func(j int) {
2418                 var i interface{}
2419                 var v Value
2420                 i = 42 + j
2421                 v = ValueOf(i)
2422                 if int(v.Int()) != 42+j {
2423                         panic("wrong int")
2424                 }
2425         })
2426 }
2427
2428 */
2429
2430 func TestSmallNegativeInt(t *testing.T) {
2431         i := int16(-1)
2432         v := ValueOf(i)
2433         if v.Int() != -1 {
2434                 t.Errorf("int16(-1).Int() returned %v", v.Int())
2435         }
2436 }
2437
2438 func TestIndex(t *testing.T) {
2439         xs := []byte{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
2440         v := ValueOf(xs).Index(3).Interface().(byte)
2441         if v != xs[3] {
2442                 t.Errorf("xs.Index(3) = %v; expected %v", v, xs[3])
2443         }
2444         xa := [8]byte{10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80}
2445         v = ValueOf(xa).Index(2).Interface().(byte)
2446         if v != xa[2] {
2447                 t.Errorf("xa.Index(2) = %v; expected %v", v, xa[2])
2448         }
2449         s := "0123456789"
2450         v = ValueOf(s).Index(3).Interface().(byte)
2451         if v != s[3] {
2452                 t.Errorf("s.Index(3) = %v; expected %v", v, s[3])
2453         }
2454 }
2455
2456 func TestSlice(t *testing.T) {
2457         xs := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
2458         v := ValueOf(xs).Slice(3, 5).Interface().([]int)
2459         if len(v) != 2 {
2460                 t.Errorf("len(xs.Slice(3, 5)) = %d", len(v))
2461         }
2462         if cap(v) != 5 {
2463                 t.Errorf("cap(xs.Slice(3, 5)) = %d", cap(v))
2464         }
2465         if !DeepEqual(v[0:5], xs[3:]) {
2466                 t.Errorf("xs.Slice(3, 5)[0:5] = %v", v[0:5])
2467         }
2468         xa := [8]int{10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80}
2469         v = ValueOf(&xa).Elem().Slice(2, 5).Interface().([]int)
2470         if len(v) != 3 {
2471                 t.Errorf("len(xa.Slice(2, 5)) = %d", len(v))
2472         }
2473         if cap(v) != 6 {
2474                 t.Errorf("cap(xa.Slice(2, 5)) = %d", cap(v))
2475         }
2476         if !DeepEqual(v[0:6], xa[2:]) {
2477                 t.Errorf("xs.Slice(2, 5)[0:6] = %v", v[0:6])
2478         }
2479         s := "0123456789"
2480         vs := ValueOf(s).Slice(3, 5).Interface().(string)
2481         if vs != s[3:5] {
2482                 t.Errorf("s.Slice(3, 5) = %q; expected %q", vs, s[3:5])
2483         }
2484 }
2485
2486 func TestSlice3(t *testing.T) {
2487         xs := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
2488         v := ValueOf(xs).Slice3(3, 5, 7).Interface().([]int)
2489         if len(v) != 2 {
2490                 t.Errorf("len(xs.Slice3(3, 5, 7)) = %d", len(v))
2491         }
2492         if cap(v) != 4 {
2493                 t.Errorf("cap(xs.Slice3(3, 5, 7)) = %d", cap(v))
2494         }
2495         if !DeepEqual(v[0:4], xs[3:7:7]) {
2496                 t.Errorf("xs.Slice3(3, 5, 7)[0:4] = %v", v[0:4])
2497         }
2498         rv := ValueOf(&xs).Elem()
2499         shouldPanic(func() { rv.Slice3(1, 2, 1) })
2500         shouldPanic(func() { rv.Slice3(1, 1, 11) })
2501         shouldPanic(func() { rv.Slice3(2, 2, 1) })
2502
2503         xa := [8]int{10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80}
2504         v = ValueOf(&xa).Elem().Slice3(2, 5, 6).Interface().([]int)
2505         if len(v) != 3 {
2506                 t.Errorf("len(xa.Slice(2, 5, 6)) = %d", len(v))
2507         }
2508         if cap(v) != 4 {
2509                 t.Errorf("cap(xa.Slice(2, 5, 6)) = %d", cap(v))
2510         }
2511         if !DeepEqual(v[0:4], xa[2:6:6]) {
2512                 t.Errorf("xs.Slice(2, 5, 6)[0:4] = %v", v[0:4])
2513         }
2514         rv = ValueOf(&xa).Elem()
2515         shouldPanic(func() { rv.Slice3(1, 2, 1) })
2516         shouldPanic(func() { rv.Slice3(1, 1, 11) })
2517         shouldPanic(func() { rv.Slice3(2, 2, 1) })
2518
2519         s := "hello world"
2520         rv = ValueOf(&s).Elem()
2521         shouldPanic(func() { rv.Slice3(1, 2, 3) })
2522 }
2523
2524 func TestSetLenCap(t *testing.T) {
2525         xs := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
2526         xa := [8]int{10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80}
2527
2528         vs := ValueOf(&xs).Elem()
2529         shouldPanic(func() { vs.SetLen(10) })
2530         shouldPanic(func() { vs.SetCap(10) })
2531         shouldPanic(func() { vs.SetLen(-1) })
2532         shouldPanic(func() { vs.SetCap(-1) })
2533         shouldPanic(func() { vs.SetCap(6) }) // smaller than len
2534         vs.SetLen(5)
2535         if len(xs) != 5 || cap(xs) != 8 {
2536                 t.Errorf("after SetLen(5), len, cap = %d, %d, want 5, 8", len(xs), cap(xs))
2537         }
2538         vs.SetCap(6)
2539         if len(xs) != 5 || cap(xs) != 6 {
2540                 t.Errorf("after SetCap(6), len, cap = %d, %d, want 5, 6", len(xs), cap(xs))
2541         }
2542         vs.SetCap(5)
2543         if len(xs) != 5 || cap(xs) != 5 {
2544                 t.Errorf("after SetCap(5), len, cap = %d, %d, want 5, 5", len(xs), cap(xs))
2545         }
2546         shouldPanic(func() { vs.SetCap(4) }) // smaller than len
2547         shouldPanic(func() { vs.SetLen(6) }) // bigger than cap
2548
2549         va := ValueOf(&xa).Elem()
2550         shouldPanic(func() { va.SetLen(8) })
2551         shouldPanic(func() { va.SetCap(8) })
2552 }
2553
2554 func TestVariadic(t *testing.T) {
2555         var b bytes.Buffer
2556         V := ValueOf
2557
2558         b.Reset()
2559         V(fmt.Fprintf).Call([]Value{V(&b), V("%s, %d world"), V("hello"), V(42)})
2560         if b.String() != "hello, 42 world" {
2561                 t.Errorf("after Fprintf Call: %q != %q", b.String(), "hello 42 world")
2562         }
2563
2564         b.Reset()
2565         V(fmt.Fprintf).CallSlice([]Value{V(&b), V("%s, %d world"), V([]interface{}{"hello", 42})})
2566         if b.String() != "hello, 42 world" {
2567                 t.Errorf("after Fprintf CallSlice: %q != %q", b.String(), "hello 42 world")
2568         }
2569 }
2570
2571 func TestFuncArg(t *testing.T) {
2572         f1 := func(i int, f func(int) int) int { return f(i) }
2573         f2 := func(i int) int { return i + 1 }
2574         r := ValueOf(f1).Call([]Value{ValueOf(100), ValueOf(f2)})
2575         if r[0].Int() != 101 {
2576                 t.Errorf("function returned %d, want 101", r[0].Int())
2577         }
2578 }
2579
2580 var tagGetTests = []struct {
2581         Tag   StructTag
2582         Key   string
2583         Value string
2584 }{
2585         {`protobuf:"PB(1,2)"`, `protobuf`, `PB(1,2)`},
2586         {`protobuf:"PB(1,2)"`, `foo`, ``},
2587         {`protobuf:"PB(1,2)"`, `rotobuf`, ``},
2588         {`protobuf:"PB(1,2)" json:"name"`, `json`, `name`},
2589         {`protobuf:"PB(1,2)" json:"name"`, `protobuf`, `PB(1,2)`},
2590 }
2591
2592 func TestTagGet(t *testing.T) {
2593         for _, tt := range tagGetTests {
2594                 if v := tt.Tag.Get(tt.Key); v != tt.Value {
2595                         t.Errorf("StructTag(%#q).Get(%#q) = %#q, want %#q", tt.Tag, tt.Key, v, tt.Value)
2596                 }
2597         }
2598 }
2599
2600 func TestBytes(t *testing.T) {
2601         type B []byte
2602         x := B{1, 2, 3, 4}
2603         y := ValueOf(x).Bytes()
2604         if !bytes.Equal(x, y) {
2605                 t.Fatalf("ValueOf(%v).Bytes() = %v", x, y)
2606         }
2607         if &x[0] != &y[0] {
2608                 t.Errorf("ValueOf(%p).Bytes() = %p", &x[0], &y[0])
2609         }
2610 }
2611
2612 func TestSetBytes(t *testing.T) {
2613         type B []byte
2614         var x B
2615         y := []byte{1, 2, 3, 4}
2616         ValueOf(&x).Elem().SetBytes(y)
2617         if !bytes.Equal(x, y) {
2618                 t.Fatalf("ValueOf(%v).Bytes() = %v", x, y)
2619         }
2620         if &x[0] != &y[0] {
2621                 t.Errorf("ValueOf(%p).Bytes() = %p", &x[0], &y[0])
2622         }
2623 }
2624
2625 type Private struct {
2626         x int
2627         y **int
2628 }
2629
2630 func (p *Private) m() {
2631 }
2632
2633 type Public struct {
2634         X int
2635         Y **int
2636 }
2637
2638 func (p *Public) M() {
2639 }
2640
2641 func TestUnexported(t *testing.T) {
2642         var pub Public
2643         v := ValueOf(&pub)
2644         isValid(v.Elem().Field(0))
2645         isValid(v.Elem().Field(1))
2646         isValid(v.Elem().FieldByName("X"))
2647         isValid(v.Elem().FieldByName("Y"))
2648         isValid(v.Type().Method(0).Func)
2649         isNonNil(v.Elem().Field(0).Interface())
2650         isNonNil(v.Elem().Field(1).Interface())
2651         isNonNil(v.Elem().FieldByName("X").Interface())
2652         isNonNil(v.Elem().FieldByName("Y").Interface())
2653         isNonNil(v.Type().Method(0).Func.Interface())
2654
2655         var priv Private
2656         v = ValueOf(&priv)
2657         isValid(v.Elem().Field(0))
2658         isValid(v.Elem().Field(1))
2659         isValid(v.Elem().FieldByName("x"))
2660         isValid(v.Elem().FieldByName("y"))
2661         isValid(v.Type().Method(0).Func)
2662         shouldPanic(func() { v.Elem().Field(0).Interface() })
2663         shouldPanic(func() { v.Elem().Field(1).Interface() })
2664         shouldPanic(func() { v.Elem().FieldByName("x").Interface() })
2665         shouldPanic(func() { v.Elem().FieldByName("y").Interface() })
2666         shouldPanic(func() { v.Type().Method(0).Func.Interface() })
2667 }
2668
2669 func shouldPanic(f func()) {
2670         defer func() {
2671                 if recover() == nil {
2672                         panic("did not panic")
2673                 }
2674         }()
2675         f()
2676 }
2677
2678 func isNonNil(x interface{}) {
2679         if x == nil {
2680                 panic("nil interface")
2681         }
2682 }
2683
2684 func isValid(v Value) {
2685         if !v.IsValid() {
2686                 panic("zero Value")
2687         }
2688 }
2689
2690 func TestAlias(t *testing.T) {
2691         x := string("hello")
2692         v := ValueOf(&x).Elem()
2693         oldvalue := v.Interface()
2694         v.SetString("world")
2695         newvalue := v.Interface()
2696
2697         if oldvalue != "hello" || newvalue != "world" {
2698                 t.Errorf("aliasing: old=%q new=%q, want hello, world", oldvalue, newvalue)
2699         }
2700 }
2701
2702 var V = ValueOf
2703
2704 func EmptyInterfaceV(x interface{}) Value {
2705         return ValueOf(&x).Elem()
2706 }
2707
2708 func ReaderV(x io.Reader) Value {
2709         return ValueOf(&x).Elem()
2710 }
2711
2712 func ReadWriterV(x io.ReadWriter) Value {
2713         return ValueOf(&x).Elem()
2714 }
2715
2716 type Empty struct{}
2717 type MyString string
2718 type MyBytes []byte
2719 type MyRunes []int32
2720 type MyFunc func()
2721 type MyByte byte
2722
2723 var convertTests = []struct {
2724         in  Value
2725         out Value
2726 }{
2727         // numbers
2728         /*
2729                 Edit .+1,/\*\//-1>cat >/tmp/x.go && go run /tmp/x.go
2730
2731                 package main
2732
2733                 import "fmt"
2734
2735                 var numbers = []string{
2736                         "int8", "uint8", "int16", "uint16",
2737                         "int32", "uint32", "int64", "uint64",
2738                         "int", "uint", "uintptr",
2739                         "float32", "float64",
2740                 }
2741
2742                 func main() {
2743                         // all pairs but in an unusual order,
2744                         // to emit all the int8, uint8 cases
2745                         // before n grows too big.
2746                         n := 1
2747                         for i, f := range numbers {
2748                                 for _, g := range numbers[i:] {
2749                                         fmt.Printf("\t{V(%s(%d)), V(%s(%d))},\n", f, n, g, n)
2750                                         n++
2751                                         if f != g {
2752                                                 fmt.Printf("\t{V(%s(%d)), V(%s(%d))},\n", g, n, f, n)
2753                                                 n++
2754                                         }
2755                                 }
2756                         }
2757                 }
2758         */
2759         {V(int8(1)), V(int8(1))},
2760         {V(int8(2)), V(uint8(2))},
2761         {V(uint8(3)), V(int8(3))},
2762         {V(int8(4)), V(int16(4))},
2763         {V(int16(5)), V(int8(5))},
2764         {V(int8(6)), V(uint16(6))},
2765         {V(uint16(7)), V(int8(7))},
2766         {V(int8(8)), V(int32(8))},
2767         {V(int32(9)), V(int8(9))},
2768         {V(int8(10)), V(uint32(10))},
2769         {V(uint32(11)), V(int8(11))},
2770         {V(int8(12)), V(int64(12))},
2771         {V(int64(13)), V(int8(13))},
2772         {V(int8(14)), V(uint64(14))},
2773         {V(uint64(15)), V(int8(15))},
2774         {V(int8(16)), V(int(16))},
2775         {V(int(17)), V(int8(17))},
2776         {V(int8(18)), V(uint(18))},
2777         {V(uint(19)), V(int8(19))},
2778         {V(int8(20)), V(uintptr(20))},
2779         {V(uintptr(21)), V(int8(21))},
2780         {V(int8(22)), V(float32(22))},
2781         {V(float32(23)), V(int8(23))},
2782         {V(int8(24)), V(float64(24))},
2783         {V(float64(25)), V(int8(25))},
2784         {V(uint8(26)), V(uint8(26))},
2785         {V(uint8(27)), V(int16(27))},
2786         {V(int16(28)), V(uint8(28))},
2787         {V(uint8(29)), V(uint16(29))},
2788         {V(uint16(30)), V(uint8(30))},
2789         {V(uint8(31)), V(int32(31))},
2790         {V(int32(32)), V(uint8(32))},
2791         {V(uint8(33)), V(uint32(33))},
2792         {V(uint32(34)), V(uint8(34))},
2793         {V(uint8(35)), V(int64(35))},
2794         {V(int64(36)), V(uint8(36))},
2795         {V(uint8(37)), V(uint64(37))},
2796         {V(uint64(38)), V(uint8(38))},
2797         {V(uint8(39)), V(int(39))},
2798         {V(int(40)), V(uint8(40))},
2799         {V(uint8(41)), V(uint(41))},
2800         {V(uint(42)), V(uint8(42))},
2801         {V(uint8(43)), V(uintptr(43))},
2802         {V(uintptr(44)), V(uint8(44))},
2803         {V(uint8(45)), V(float32(45))},
2804         {V(float32(46)), V(uint8(46))},
2805         {V(uint8(47)), V(float64(47))},
2806         {V(float64(48)), V(uint8(48))},
2807         {V(int16(49)), V(int16(49))},
2808         {V(int16(50)), V(uint16(50))},
2809         {V(uint16(51)), V(int16(51))},
2810         {V(int16(52)), V(int32(52))},
2811         {V(int32(53)), V(int16(53))},
2812         {V(int16(54)), V(uint32(54))},
2813         {V(uint32(55)), V(int16(55))},
2814         {V(int16(56)), V(int64(56))},
2815         {V(int64(57)), V(int16(57))},
2816         {V(int16(58)), V(uint64(58))},
2817         {V(uint64(59)), V(int16(59))},
2818         {V(int16(60)), V(int(60))},
2819         {V(int(61)), V(int16(61))},
2820         {V(int16(62)), V(uint(62))},
2821         {V(uint(63)), V(int16(63))},
2822         {V(int16(64)), V(uintptr(64))},
2823         {V(uintptr(65)), V(int16(65))},
2824         {V(int16(66)), V(float32(66))},
2825         {V(float32(67)), V(int16(67))},
2826         {V(int16(68)), V(float64(68))},
2827         {V(float64(69)), V(int16(69))},
2828         {V(uint16(70)), V(uint16(70))},
2829         {V(uint16(71)), V(int32(71))},
2830         {V(int32(72)), V(uint16(72))},
2831         {V(uint16(73)), V(uint32(73))},
2832         {V(uint32(74)), V(uint16(74))},
2833         {V(uint16(75)), V(int64(75))},
2834         {V(int64(76)), V(uint16(76))},
2835         {V(uint16(77)), V(uint64(77))},
2836         {V(uint64(78)), V(uint16(78))},
2837         {V(uint16(79)), V(int(79))},
2838         {V(int(80)), V(uint16(80))},
2839         {V(uint16(81)), V(uint(81))},
2840         {V(uint(82)), V(uint16(82))},
2841         {V(uint16(83)), V(uintptr(83))},
2842         {V(uintptr(84)), V(uint16(84))},
2843         {V(uint16(85)), V(float32(85))},
2844         {V(float32(86)), V(uint16(86))},
2845         {V(uint16(87)), V(float64(87))},
2846         {V(float64(88)), V(uint16(88))},
2847         {V(int32(89)), V(int32(89))},
2848         {V(int32(90)), V(uint32(90))},
2849         {V(uint32(91)), V(int32(91))},
2850         {V(int32(92)), V(int64(92))},
2851         {V(int64(93)), V(int32(93))},
2852         {V(int32(94)), V(uint64(94))},
2853         {V(uint64(95)), V(int32(95))},
2854         {V(int32(96)), V(int(96))},
2855         {V(int(97)), V(int32(97))},
2856         {V(int32(98)), V(uint(98))},
2857         {V(uint(99)), V(int32(99))},
2858         {V(int32(100)), V(uintptr(100))},
2859         {V(uintptr(101)), V(int32(101))},
2860         {V(int32(102)), V(float32(102))},
2861         {V(float32(103)), V(int32(103))},
2862         {V(int32(104)), V(float64(104))},
2863         {V(float64(105)), V(int32(105))},
2864         {V(uint32(106)), V(uint32(106))},
2865         {V(uint32(107)), V(int64(107))},
2866         {V(int64(108)), V(uint32(108))},
2867         {V(uint32(109)), V(uint64(109))},
2868         {V(uint64(110)), V(uint32(110))},
2869         {V(uint32(111)), V(int(111))},
2870         {V(int(112)), V(uint32(112))},
2871         {V(uint32(113)), V(uint(113))},
2872         {V(uint(114)), V(uint32(114))},
2873         {V(uint32(115)), V(uintptr(115))},
2874         {V(uintptr(116)), V(uint32(116))},
2875         {V(uint32(117)), V(float32(117))},
2876         {V(float32(118)), V(uint32(118))},
2877         {V(uint32(119)), V(float64(119))},
2878         {V(float64(120)), V(uint32(120))},
2879         {V(int64(121)), V(int64(121))},
2880         {V(int64(122)), V(uint64(122))},
2881         {V(uint64(123)), V(int64(123))},
2882         {V(int64(124)), V(int(124))},
2883         {V(int(125)), V(int64(125))},
2884         {V(int64(126)), V(uint(126))},
2885         {V(uint(127)), V(int64(127))},
2886         {V(int64(128)), V(uintptr(128))},
2887         {V(uintptr(129)), V(int64(129))},
2888         {V(int64(130)), V(float32(130))},
2889         {V(float32(131)), V(int64(131))},
2890         {V(int64(132)), V(float64(132))},
2891         {V(float64(133)), V(int64(133))},
2892         {V(uint64(134)), V(uint64(134))},
2893         {V(uint64(135)), V(int(135))},
2894         {V(int(136)), V(uint64(136))},
2895         {V(uint64(137)), V(uint(137))},
2896         {V(uint(138)), V(uint64(138))},
2897         {V(uint64(139)), V(uintptr(139))},
2898         {V(uintptr(140)), V(uint64(140))},
2899         {V(uint64(141)), V(float32(141))},
2900         {V(float32(142)), V(uint64(142))},
2901         {V(uint64(143)), V(float64(143))},
2902         {V(float64(144)), V(uint64(144))},
2903         {V(int(145)), V(int(145))},
2904         {V(int(146)), V(uint(146))},
2905         {V(uint(147)), V(int(147))},
2906         {V(int(148)), V(uintptr(148))},
2907         {V(uintptr(149)), V(int(149))},
2908         {V(int(150)), V(float32(150))},
2909         {V(float32(151)), V(int(151))},
2910         {V(int(152)), V(float64(152))},
2911         {V(float64(153)), V(int(153))},
2912         {V(uint(154)), V(uint(154))},
2913         {V(uint(155)), V(uintptr(155))},
2914         {V(uintptr(156)), V(uint(156))},
2915         {V(uint(157)), V(float32(157))},
2916         {V(float32(158)), V(uint(158))},
2917         {V(uint(159)), V(float64(159))},
2918         {V(float64(160)), V(uint(160))},
2919         {V(uintptr(161)), V(uintptr(161))},
2920         {V(uintptr(162)), V(float32(162))},
2921         {V(float32(163)), V(uintptr(163))},
2922         {V(uintptr(164)), V(float64(164))},
2923         {V(float64(165)), V(uintptr(165))},
2924         {V(float32(166)), V(float32(166))},
2925         {V(float32(167)), V(float64(167))},
2926         {V(float64(168)), V(float32(168))},
2927         {V(float64(169)), V(float64(169))},
2928
2929         // truncation
2930         {V(float64(1.5)), V(int(1))},
2931
2932         // complex
2933         {V(complex64(1i)), V(complex64(1i))},
2934         {V(complex64(2i)), V(complex128(2i))},
2935         {V(complex128(3i)), V(complex64(3i))},
2936         {V(complex128(4i)), V(complex128(4i))},
2937
2938         // string
2939         {V(string("hello")), V(string("hello"))},
2940         {V(string("bytes1")), V([]byte("bytes1"))},
2941         {V([]byte("bytes2")), V(string("bytes2"))},
2942         {V([]byte("bytes3")), V([]byte("bytes3"))},
2943         {V(string("runes♝")), V([]rune("runes♝"))},
2944         {V([]rune("runes♕")), V(string("runes♕"))},
2945         {V([]rune("runes🙈🙉🙊")), V([]rune("runes🙈🙉🙊"))},
2946         {V(int('a')), V(string("a"))},
2947         {V(int8('a')), V(string("a"))},
2948         {V(int16('a')), V(string("a"))},
2949         {V(int32('a')), V(string("a"))},
2950         {V(int64('a')), V(string("a"))},
2951         {V(uint('a')), V(string("a"))},
2952         {V(uint8('a')), V(string("a"))},
2953         {V(uint16('a')), V(string("a"))},
2954         {V(uint32('a')), V(string("a"))},
2955         {V(uint64('a')), V(string("a"))},
2956         {V(uintptr('a')), V(string("a"))},
2957         {V(int(-1)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2958         {V(int8(-2)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2959         {V(int16(-3)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2960         {V(int32(-4)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2961         {V(int64(-5)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2962         {V(uint(0x110001)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2963         {V(uint32(0x110002)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2964         {V(uint64(0x110003)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2965         {V(uintptr(0x110004)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2966
2967         // named string
2968         {V(MyString("hello")), V(string("hello"))},
2969         {V(string("hello")), V(MyString("hello"))},
2970         {V(string("hello")), V(string("hello"))},
2971         {V(MyString("hello")), V(MyString("hello"))},
2972         {V(MyString("bytes1")), V([]byte("bytes1"))},
2973         {V([]byte("bytes2")), V(MyString("bytes2"))},
2974         {V([]byte("bytes3")), V([]byte("bytes3"))},
2975         {V(MyString("runes♝")), V([]rune("runes♝"))},
2976         {V([]rune("runes♕")), V(MyString("runes♕"))},
2977         {V([]rune("runes🙈🙉🙊")), V([]rune("runes🙈🙉🙊"))},
2978         {V([]rune("runes🙈🙉🙊")), V(MyRunes("runes🙈🙉🙊"))},
2979         {V(MyRunes("runes🙈🙉🙊")), V([]rune("runes🙈🙉🙊"))},
2980         {V(int('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2981         {V(int8('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2982         {V(int16('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2983         {V(int32('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2984         {V(int64('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2985         {V(uint('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2986         {V(uint8('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2987         {V(uint16('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2988         {V(uint32('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2989         {V(uint64('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2990         {V(uintptr('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2991         {V(int(-1)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2992         {V(int8(-2)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2993         {V(int16(-3)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2994         {V(int32(-4)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2995         {V(int64(-5)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2996         {V(uint(0x110001)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2997         {V(uint32(0x110002)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2998         {V(uint64(0x110003)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2999         {V(uintptr(0x110004)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
3000
3001         // named []byte
3002         {V(string("bytes1")), V(MyBytes("bytes1"))},
3003         {V(MyBytes("bytes2")), V(string("bytes2"))},
3004         {V(MyBytes("bytes3")), V(MyBytes("bytes3"))},
3005         {V(MyString("bytes1")), V(MyBytes("bytes1"))},
3006         {V(MyBytes("bytes2")), V(MyString("bytes2"))},
3007
3008         // named []rune
3009         {V(string("runes♝")), V(MyRunes("runes♝"))},
3010         {V(MyRunes("runes♕")), V(string("runes♕"))},
3011         {V(MyRunes("runes🙈🙉🙊")), V(MyRunes("runes🙈🙉🙊"))},
3012         {V(MyString("runes♝")), V(MyRunes("runes♝"))},
3013         {V(MyRunes("runes♕")), V(MyString("runes♕"))},
3014
3015         // named types and equal underlying types
3016         {V(new(int)), V(new(integer))},
3017         {V(new(integer)), V(new(int))},
3018         {V(Empty{}), V(struct{}{})},
3019         {V(new(Empty)), V(new(struct{}))},
3020         {V(struct{}{}), V(Empty{})},
3021         {V(new(struct{})), V(new(Empty))},
3022         {V(Empty{}), V(Empty{})},
3023         {V(MyBytes{}), V([]byte{})},
3024         {V([]byte{}), V(MyBytes{})},
3025         {V((func())(nil)), V(MyFunc(nil))},
3026         {V((MyFunc)(nil)), V((func())(nil))},
3027
3028         // can convert *byte and *MyByte
3029         {V((*byte)(nil)), V((*MyByte)(nil))},
3030         {V((*MyByte)(nil)), V((*byte)(nil))},
3031
3032         // cannot convert mismatched array sizes
3033         {V([2]byte{}), V([2]byte{})},
3034         {V([3]byte{}), V([3]byte{})},
3035
3036         // cannot convert other instances
3037         {V((**byte)(nil)), V((**byte)(nil))},
3038         {V((**MyByte)(nil)), V((**MyByte)(nil))},
3039         {V((chan byte)(nil)), V((chan byte)(nil))},
3040         {V((chan MyByte)(nil)), V((chan MyByte)(nil))},
3041         {V(([]byte)(nil)), V(([]byte)(nil))},
3042         {V(([]MyByte)(nil)), V(([]MyByte)(nil))},
3043         {V((map[int]byte)(nil)), V((map[int]byte)(nil))},
3044         {V((map[int]MyByte)(nil)), V((map[int]MyByte)(nil))},
3045         {V((map[byte]int)(nil)), V((map[byte]int)(nil))},
3046         {V((map[MyByte]int)(nil)), V((map[MyByte]int)(nil))},
3047         {V([2]byte{}), V([2]byte{})},
3048         {V([2]MyByte{}), V([2]MyByte{})},
3049
3050         // other
3051         {V((***int)(nil)), V((***int)(nil))},
3052         {V((***byte)(nil)), V((***byte)(nil))},
3053         {V((***int32)(nil)), V((***int32)(nil))},
3054         {V((***int64)(nil)), V((***int64)(nil))},
3055         {V((chan int)(nil)), V((<-chan int)(nil))},
3056         {V((chan int)(nil)), V((chan<- int)(nil))},
3057         {V((chan string)(nil)), V((<-chan string)(nil))},
3058         {V((chan string)(nil)), V((chan<- string)(nil))},
3059         {V((chan byte)(nil)), V((chan byte)(nil))},
3060         {V((chan MyByte)(nil)), V((chan MyByte)(nil))},
3061         {V((map[int]bool)(nil)), V((map[int]bool)(nil))},
3062         {V((map[int]byte)(nil)), V((map[int]byte)(nil))},
3063         {V((map[uint]bool)(nil)), V((map[uint]bool)(nil))},
3064         {V([]uint(nil)), V([]uint(nil))},
3065         {V([]int(nil)), V([]int(nil))},
3066         {V(new(interface{})), V(new(interface{}))},
3067         {V(new(io.Reader)), V(new(io.Reader))},
3068         {V(new(io.Writer)), V(new(io.Writer))},
3069
3070         // interfaces
3071         {V(int(1)), EmptyInterfaceV(int(1))},
3072         {V(string("hello")), EmptyInterfaceV(string("hello"))},
3073         {V(new(bytes.Buffer)), ReaderV(new(bytes.Buffer))},
3074         {ReadWriterV(new(bytes.Buffer)), ReaderV(new(bytes.Buffer))},
3075         {V(new(bytes.Buffer)), ReadWriterV(new(bytes.Buffer))},
3076 }
3077
3078 func TestConvert(t *testing.T) {
3079         canConvert := map[[2]Type]bool{}
3080         all := map[Type]bool{}
3081
3082         for _, tt := range convertTests {
3083                 t1 := tt.in.Type()
3084                 if !t1.ConvertibleTo(t1) {
3085                         t.Errorf("(%s).ConvertibleTo(%s) = false, want true", t1, t1)
3086                         continue
3087                 }
3088
3089                 t2 := tt.out.Type()
3090                 if !t1.ConvertibleTo(t2) {
3091                         t.Errorf("(%s).ConvertibleTo(%s) = false, want true", t1, t2)
3092                         continue
3093                 }
3094
3095                 all[t1] = true
3096                 all[t2] = true
3097                 canConvert[[2]Type{t1, t2}] = true
3098
3099                 // vout1 represents the in value converted to the in type.
3100                 v1 := tt.in
3101                 vout1 := v1.Convert(t1)
3102                 out1 := vout1.Interface()
3103                 if vout1.Type() != tt.in.Type() || !DeepEqual(out1, tt.in.Interface()) {
3104                         t.Errorf("ValueOf(%T(%[1]v)).Convert(%s) = %T(%[3]v), want %T(%[4]v)", tt.in.Interface(), t1, out1, tt.in.Interface())
3105                 }
3106
3107                 // vout2 represents the in value converted to the out type.
3108                 vout2 := v1.Convert(t2)
3109                 out2 := vout2.Interface()
3110                 if vout2.Type() != tt.out.Type() || !DeepEqual(out2, tt.out.Interface()) {
3111                         t.Errorf("ValueOf(%T(%[1]v)).Convert(%s) = %T(%[3]v), want %T(%[4]v)", tt.in.Interface(), t2, out2, tt.out.Interface())
3112                 }
3113
3114                 // vout3 represents a new value of the out type, set to vout2.  This makes
3115                 // sure the converted value vout2 is really usable as a regular value.
3116                 vout3 := New(t2).Elem()
3117                 vout3.Set(vout2)
3118                 out3 := vout3.Interface()
3119                 if vout3.Type() != tt.out.Type() || !DeepEqual(out3, tt.out.Interface()) {
3120                         t.Errorf("Set(ValueOf(%T(%[1]v)).Convert(%s)) = %T(%[3]v), want %T(%[4]v)", tt.in.Interface(), t2, out3, tt.out.Interface())
3121                 }
3122
3123                 if IsRO(v1) {
3124                         t.Errorf("table entry %v is RO, should not be", v1)
3125                 }
3126                 if IsRO(vout1) {
3127                         t.Errorf("self-conversion output %v is RO, should not be", vout1)
3128                 }
3129                 if IsRO(vout2) {
3130                         t.Errorf("conversion output %v is RO, should not be", vout2)
3131                 }
3132                 if IsRO(vout3) {
3133                         t.Errorf("set(conversion output) %v is RO, should not be", vout3)
3134                 }
3135                 if !IsRO(MakeRO(v1).Convert(t1)) {
3136                         t.Errorf("RO self-conversion output %v is not RO, should be", v1)
3137                 }
3138                 if !IsRO(MakeRO(v1).Convert(t2)) {
3139                         t.Errorf("RO conversion output %v is not RO, should be", v1)
3140                 }
3141         }
3142
3143         // Assume that of all the types we saw during the tests,
3144         // if there wasn't an explicit entry for a conversion between
3145         // a pair of types, then it's not to be allowed. This checks for
3146         // things like 'int64' converting to '*int'.
3147         for t1 := range all {
3148                 for t2 := range all {
3149                         expectOK := t1 == t2 || canConvert[[2]Type{t1, t2}] || t2.Kind() == Interface && t2.NumMethod() == 0
3150                         if ok := t1.ConvertibleTo(t2); ok != expectOK {
3151                                 t.Errorf("(%s).ConvertibleTo(%s) = %v, want %v", t1, t2, ok, expectOK)
3152                         }
3153                 }
3154         }
3155 }
3156
3157 func TestOverflow(t *testing.T) {
3158         if ovf := V(float64(0)).OverflowFloat(1e300); ovf {
3159                 t.Errorf("%v wrongly overflows float64", 1e300)
3160         }
3161
3162         maxFloat32 := float64((1<<24 - 1) << (127 - 23))
3163         if ovf := V(float32(0)).OverflowFloat(maxFloat32); ovf {
3164                 t.Errorf("%v wrongly overflows float32", maxFloat32)
3165         }
3166         ovfFloat32 := float64((1<<24-1)<<(127-23) + 1<<(127-52))
3167         if ovf := V(float32(0)).OverflowFloat(ovfFloat32); !ovf {
3168                 t.Errorf("%v should overflow float32", ovfFloat32)
3169         }
3170         if ovf := V(float32(0)).OverflowFloat(-ovfFloat32); !ovf {
3171                 t.Errorf("%v should overflow float32", -ovfFloat32)
3172         }
3173
3174         maxInt32 := int64(0x7fffffff)
3175         if ovf := V(int32(0)).OverflowInt(maxInt32); ovf {
3176                 t.Errorf("%v wrongly overflows int32", maxInt32)
3177         }
3178         if ovf := V(int32(0)).OverflowInt(-1 << 31); ovf {
3179                 t.Errorf("%v wrongly overflows int32", -int64(1)<<31)
3180         }
3181         ovfInt32 := int64(1 << 31)
3182         if ovf := V(int32(0)).OverflowInt(ovfInt32); !ovf {
3183                 t.Errorf("%v should overflow int32", ovfInt32)
3184         }
3185
3186         maxUint32 := uint64(0xffffffff)
3187         if ovf := V(uint32(0)).OverflowUint(maxUint32); ovf {
3188                 t.Errorf("%v wrongly overflows uint32", maxUint32)
3189         }
3190         ovfUint32 := uint64(1 << 32)
3191         if ovf := V(uint32(0)).OverflowUint(ovfUint32); !ovf {
3192                 t.Errorf("%v should overflow uint32", ovfUint32)
3193         }
3194 }
3195
3196 func checkSameType(t *testing.T, x, y interface{}) {
3197         if TypeOf(x) != TypeOf(y) {
3198                 t.Errorf("did not find preexisting type for %s (vs %s)", TypeOf(x), TypeOf(y))
3199         }
3200 }
3201
3202 func TestArrayOf(t *testing.T) {
3203         // check construction and use of type not in binary
3204         type T int
3205         at := ArrayOf(10, TypeOf(T(1)))
3206         v := New(at).Elem()
3207         for i := 0; i < v.Len(); i++ {
3208                 v.Index(i).Set(ValueOf(T(i)))
3209         }
3210         s := fmt.Sprint(v.Interface())
3211         want := "[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]"
3212         if s != want {
3213                 t.Errorf("constructed array = %s, want %s", s, want)
3214         }
3215
3216         // check that type already in binary is found
3217         checkSameType(t, Zero(ArrayOf(5, TypeOf(T(1)))).Interface(), [5]T{})
3218 }
3219
3220 func TestSliceOf(t *testing.T) {
3221         // check construction and use of type not in binary
3222         type T int
3223         st := SliceOf(TypeOf(T(1)))
3224         v := MakeSlice(st, 10, 10)
3225         runtime.GC()
3226         for i := 0; i < v.Len(); i++ {
3227                 v.Index(i).Set(ValueOf(T(i)))
3228                 runtime.GC()
3229         }
3230         s := fmt.Sprint(v.Interface())
3231         want := "[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]"
3232         if s != want {
3233                 t.Errorf("constructed slice = %s, want %s", s, want)
3234         }
3235
3236         // check that type already in binary is found
3237         type T1 int
3238         checkSameType(t, Zero(SliceOf(TypeOf(T1(1)))).Interface(), []T1{})
3239 }
3240
3241 func TestSliceOverflow(t *testing.T) {
3242         // check that MakeSlice panics when size of slice overflows uint
3243         const S = 1e6
3244         s := uint(S)
3245         l := (1<<(unsafe.Sizeof((*byte)(nil))*8)-1)/s + 1
3246         if l*s >= s {
3247                 t.Fatal("slice size does not overflow")
3248         }
3249         var x [S]byte
3250         st := SliceOf(TypeOf(x))
3251         defer func() {
3252                 err := recover()
3253                 if err == nil {
3254                         t.Fatal("slice overflow does not panic")
3255                 }
3256         }()
3257         MakeSlice(st, int(l), int(l))
3258 }
3259
3260 func TestSliceOfGC(t *testing.T) {
3261         type T *uintptr
3262         tt := TypeOf(T(nil))
3263         st := SliceOf(tt)
3264         const n = 100
3265         var x []interface{}
3266         for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
3267                 v := MakeSlice(st, n, n)
3268                 for j := 0; j < v.Len(); j++ {
3269                         p := new(uintptr)
3270                         *p = uintptr(i*n + j)
3271                         v.Index(j).Set(ValueOf(p).Convert(tt))
3272                 }
3273                 x = append(x, v.Interface())
3274         }
3275         runtime.GC()
3276
3277         for i, xi := range x {
3278                 v := ValueOf(xi)
3279                 for j := 0; j < v.Len(); j++ {
3280                         k := v.Index(j).Elem().Interface()
3281                         if k != uintptr(i*n+j) {
3282                                 t.Errorf("lost x[%d][%d] = %d, want %d", i, j, k, i*n+j)
3283                         }
3284                 }
3285         }
3286 }
3287
3288 func TestChanOf(t *testing.T) {
3289         // check construction and use of type not in binary
3290         type T string
3291         ct := ChanOf(BothDir, TypeOf(T("")))
3292         v := MakeChan(ct, 2)
3293         runtime.GC()
3294         v.Send(ValueOf(T("hello")))
3295         runtime.GC()
3296         v.Send(ValueOf(T("world")))
3297         runtime.GC()
3298
3299         sv1, _ := v.Recv()
3300         sv2, _ := v.Recv()
3301         s1 := sv1.String()
3302         s2 := sv2.String()
3303         if s1 != "hello" || s2 != "world" {
3304                 t.Errorf("constructed chan: have %q, %q, want %q, %q", s1, s2, "hello", "world")
3305         }
3306
3307         // check that type already in binary is found
3308         type T1 int
3309         checkSameType(t, Zero(ChanOf(BothDir, TypeOf(T1(1)))).Interface(), (chan T1)(nil))
3310 }
3311
3312 func TestChanOfGC(t *testing.T) {
3313         done := make(chan bool, 1)
3314         go func() {
3315                 select {
3316                 case <-done:
3317                 case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
3318                         panic("deadlock in TestChanOfGC")
3319                 }
3320         }()
3321
3322         defer func() {
3323                 done <- true
3324         }()
3325
3326         type T *uintptr
3327         tt := TypeOf(T(nil))
3328         ct := ChanOf(BothDir, tt)
3329
3330         // NOTE: The garbage collector handles allocated channels specially,
3331         // so we have to save pointers to channels in x; the pointer code will
3332         // use the gc info in the newly constructed chan type.
3333         const n = 100
3334         var x []interface{}
3335         for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
3336                 v := MakeChan(ct, n)
3337                 for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
3338                         p := new(uintptr)
3339                         *p = uintptr(i*n + j)
3340                         v.Send(ValueOf(p).Convert(tt))
3341                 }
3342                 pv := New(ct)
3343                 pv.Elem().Set(v)
3344                 x = append(x, pv.Interface())
3345         }
3346         runtime.GC()
3347
3348         for i, xi := range x {
3349                 v := ValueOf(xi).Elem()
3350                 for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
3351                         pv, _ := v.Recv()
3352                         k := pv.Elem().Interface()
3353                         if k != uintptr(i*n+j) {
3354                                 t.Errorf("lost x[%d][%d] = %d, want %d", i, j, k, i*n+j)
3355                         }
3356                 }
3357         }
3358 }
3359
3360 func TestMapOf(t *testing.T) {
3361         // check construction and use of type not in binary
3362         type K string
3363         type V float64
3364
3365         v := MakeMap(MapOf(TypeOf(K("")), TypeOf(V(0))))
3366         runtime.GC()
3367         v.SetMapIndex(ValueOf(K("a")), ValueOf(V(1)))
3368         runtime.GC()
3369
3370         s := fmt.Sprint(v.Interface())
3371         want := "map[a:1]"
3372         if s != want {
3373                 t.Errorf("constructed map = %s, want %s", s, want)
3374         }
3375
3376         // check that type already in binary is found
3377         checkSameType(t, Zero(MapOf(TypeOf(V(0)), TypeOf(K("")))).Interface(), map[V]K(nil))
3378
3379         // check that invalid key type panics
3380         shouldPanic(func() { MapOf(TypeOf((func())(nil)), TypeOf(false)) })
3381 }
3382
3383 func TestMapOfGCKeys(t *testing.T) {
3384         type T *uintptr
3385         tt := TypeOf(T(nil))
3386         mt := MapOf(tt, TypeOf(false))
3387
3388         // NOTE: The garbage collector handles allocated maps specially,
3389         // so we have to save pointers to maps in x; the pointer code will
3390         // use the gc info in the newly constructed map type.
3391         const n = 100
3392         var x []interface{}
3393         for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
3394                 v := MakeMap(mt)
3395                 for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
3396                         p := new(uintptr)
3397                         *p = uintptr(i*n + j)
3398                         v.SetMapIndex(ValueOf(p).Convert(tt), ValueOf(true))
3399                 }
3400                 pv := New(mt)
3401                 pv.Elem().Set(v)
3402                 x = append(x, pv.Interface())
3403         }
3404         runtime.GC()
3405
3406         for i, xi := range x {
3407                 v := ValueOf(xi).Elem()
3408                 var out []int
3409                 for _, kv := range v.MapKeys() {
3410                         out = append(out, int(kv.Elem().Interface().(uintptr)))
3411                 }
3412                 sort.Ints(out)
3413                 for j, k := range out {
3414                         if k != i*n+j {
3415                                 t.Errorf("lost x[%d][%d] = %d, want %d", i, j, k, i*n+j)
3416                         }
3417                 }
3418         }
3419 }
3420
3421 func TestMapOfGCValues(t *testing.T) {
3422         type T *uintptr
3423         tt := TypeOf(T(nil))
3424         mt := MapOf(TypeOf(1), tt)
3425
3426         // NOTE: The garbage collector handles allocated maps specially,
3427         // so we have to save pointers to maps in x; the pointer code will
3428         // use the gc info in the newly constructed map type.
3429         const n = 100
3430         var x []interface{}
3431         for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
3432                 v := MakeMap(mt)
3433                 for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
3434                         p := new(uintptr)
3435                         *p = uintptr(i*n + j)
3436                         v.SetMapIndex(ValueOf(j), ValueOf(p).Convert(tt))
3437                 }
3438                 pv := New(mt)
3439                 pv.Elem().Set(v)
3440                 x = append(x, pv.Interface())
3441         }
3442         runtime.GC()
3443
3444         for i, xi := range x {
3445                 v := ValueOf(xi).Elem()
3446                 for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
3447                         k := v.MapIndex(ValueOf(j)).Elem().Interface().(uintptr)
3448                         if k != uintptr(i*n+j) {
3449                                 t.Errorf("lost x[%d][%d] = %d, want %d", i, j, k, i*n+j)
3450                         }
3451                 }
3452         }
3453 }
3454
3455 type B1 struct {
3456         X int
3457         Y int
3458         Z int
3459 }
3460
3461 func BenchmarkFieldByName1(b *testing.B) {
3462         t := TypeOf(B1{})
3463         for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
3464                 t.FieldByName("Z")
3465         }
3466 }
3467
3468 func BenchmarkFieldByName2(b *testing.B) {
3469         t := TypeOf(S3{})
3470         for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
3471                 t.FieldByName("B")
3472         }
3473 }
3474
3475 type R0 struct {
3476         *R1
3477         *R2
3478         *R3
3479         *R4
3480 }
3481
3482 type R1 struct {
3483         *R5
3484         *R6
3485         *R7
3486         *R8
3487 }
3488
3489 type R2 R1
3490 type R3 R1
3491 type R4 R1
3492
3493 type R5 struct {
3494         *R9
3495         *R10
3496         *R11
3497         *R12
3498 }
3499
3500 type R6 R5
3501 type R7 R5
3502 type R8 R5
3503
3504 type R9 struct {
3505         *R13
3506         *R14
3507         *R15
3508         *R16
3509 }
3510
3511 type R10 R9
3512 type R11 R9
3513 type R12 R9
3514
3515 type R13 struct {
3516         *R17
3517         *R18
3518         *R19
3519         *R20
3520 }
3521
3522 type R14 R13
3523 type R15 R13
3524 type R16 R13
3525
3526 type R17 struct {
3527         *R21
3528         *R22
3529         *R23
3530         *R24
3531 }
3532
3533 type R18 R17
3534 type R19 R17
3535 type R20 R17
3536
3537 type R21 struct {
3538         X int
3539 }
3540
3541 type R22 R21
3542 type R23 R21
3543 type R24 R21
3544
3545 func TestEmbed(t *testing.T) {
3546         typ := TypeOf(R0{})
3547         f, ok := typ.FieldByName("X")
3548         if ok {
3549                 t.Fatalf(`FieldByName("X") should fail, returned %v`, f.Index)
3550         }
3551 }
3552
3553 func BenchmarkFieldByName3(b *testing.B) {
3554         t := TypeOf(R0{})
3555         for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
3556                 t.FieldByName("X")
3557         }
3558 }
3559
3560 type S struct {
3561         i1 int64
3562         i2 int64
3563 }
3564
3565 func BenchmarkInterfaceBig(b *testing.B) {
3566         v := ValueOf(S{})
3567         for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
3568                 v.Interface()
3569         }
3570         b.StopTimer()
3571 }
3572
3573 func TestAllocsInterfaceBig(t *testing.T) {
3574         if testing.Short() {
3575                 t.Skip("skipping malloc count in short mode")
3576         }
3577         v := ValueOf(S{})
3578         if allocs := testing.AllocsPerRun(100, func() { v.Interface() }); allocs > 0 {
3579                 t.Error("allocs:", allocs)
3580         }
3581 }
3582
3583 func BenchmarkInterfaceSmall(b *testing.B) {
3584         v := ValueOf(int64(0))
3585         for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
3586                 v.Interface()
3587         }
3588 }
3589
3590 func TestAllocsInterfaceSmall(t *testing.T) {
3591         if testing.Short() {
3592                 t.Skip("skipping malloc count in short mode")
3593         }
3594         v := ValueOf(int64(0))
3595         if allocs := testing.AllocsPerRun(100, func() { v.Interface() }); allocs > 0 {
3596                 t.Error("allocs:", allocs)
3597         }
3598 }
3599
3600 // An exhaustive is a mechanism for writing exhaustive or stochastic tests.
3601 // The basic usage is:
3602 //
3603 //      for x.Next() {
3604 //              ... code using x.Maybe() or x.Choice(n) to create test cases ...
3605 //      }
3606 //
3607 // Each iteration of the loop returns a different set of results, until all
3608 // possible result sets have been explored. It is okay for different code paths
3609 // to make different method call sequences on x, but there must be no
3610 // other source of non-determinism in the call sequences.
3611 //
3612 // When faced with a new decision, x chooses randomly. Future explorations
3613 // of that path will choose successive values for the result. Thus, stopping
3614 // the loop after a fixed number of iterations gives somewhat stochastic
3615 // testing.
3616 //
3617 // Example:
3618 //
3619 //      for x.Next() {
3620 //              v := make([]bool, x.Choose(4))
3621 //              for i := range v {
3622 //                      v[i] = x.Maybe()
3623 //              }
3624 //              fmt.Println(v)
3625 //      }
3626 //
3627 // prints (in some order):
3628 //
3629 //      []
3630 //      [false]
3631 //      [true]
3632 //      [false false]
3633 //      [false true]
3634 //      ...
3635 //      [true true]
3636 //      [false false false]
3637 //      ...
3638 //      [true true true]
3639 //      [false false false false]
3640 //      ...
3641 //      [true true true true]
3642 //
3643 type exhaustive struct {
3644         r    *rand.Rand
3645         pos  int
3646         last []choice
3647 }
3648
3649 type choice struct {
3650         off int
3651         n   int
3652         max int
3653 }
3654
3655 func (x *exhaustive) Next() bool {
3656         if x.r == nil {
3657                 x.r = rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano()))
3658         }
3659         x.pos = 0
3660         if x.last == nil {
3661                 x.last = []choice{}
3662                 return true
3663         }
3664         for i := len(x.last) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
3665                 c := &x.last[i]
3666                 if c.n+1 < c.max {
3667                         c.n++
3668                         x.last = x.last[:i+1]
3669                         return true
3670                 }
3671         }
3672         return false
3673 }
3674
3675 func (x *exhaustive) Choose(max int) int {
3676         if x.pos >= len(x.last) {
3677                 x.last = append(x.last, choice{x.r.Intn(max), 0, max})
3678         }
3679         c := &x.last[x.pos]
3680         x.pos++
3681         if c.max != max {
3682                 panic("inconsistent use of exhaustive tester")
3683         }
3684         return (c.n + c.off) % max
3685 }
3686
3687 func (x *exhaustive) Maybe() bool {
3688         return x.Choose(2) == 1
3689 }