man5/locale.5

   1 '\" t -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
   2 .\" Copyright (C) 1994  Jochen Hein (Hein@Student.TU-Clausthal.de)
   3 .\" Copyright (C) 2008  Petr Baudis (pasky@suse.cz)
   4 .\" Copyright (C) 2014 Michael Kerrisk <mtk@manpages@gmail.com>
   5 .\"
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  21 .\"
  22 .\" 2008-06-17 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
  23 .\"     LC_TIME: Describe first_weekday and first_workday
  24 .\"
  25 .TH LOCALE 5 2015-01-22 "Linux" "Linux User Manual"
  26 .SH NAME
  27 locale \- describes a locale definition file
  28 .SH DESCRIPTION
  29 The
  30 .B locale
  31 definition file contains all the information that the
  32 .BR localedef (1)
  33 command needs to convert it into the binary locale database.
  34
  35 The definition files consist of sections which each describe a
  36 locale category in detail.
  37 .BR locale (7)
  38 provides additional descriptions for these categories.
  39 .SS Syntax
  40 The locale definition file starts with a header that may consist
  41 of the following keywords:
  42 .TP
  43 .I <escape_char>
  44 is followed by a character that should be used as the
  45 escape-character for the rest of the file to mark characters that
  46 should be interpreted in a special way.
  47 It defaults to the backslash (\\).
  48 .TP
  49 .I <comment_char>
  50 is followed by a character that will be used as the
  51 comment-character for the rest of the file.
  52 It defaults to the number sign (#).
  53 .PP
  54 The locale definition has one part for each locale category.
  55 Each part can be copied from another existing locale or
  56 can be defined from scratch.
  57 If the category should be copied,
  58 the only valid keyword in the definition is
  59 .B copy
  60 followed by the name of the locale in double quotes which should be
  61 copied.
  62 The exceptions for this rule are
  63 .B LC_COLLATE
  64 and
  65 .B LC_CTYPE
  66 where a
  67 .B copy
  68 statement can be followed by locale-specific rules and selected overrides.
  69 .PP
  70 When defining a category from scratch, all field descriptors and strings
  71 should be defined as Unicode code points in angle brackets, unless
  72 otherwise stated below.
  73 For example, "€" is to be presented as "<U20AC>", "%a" as
  74 "<U0025><U0061>", and "Monday" as
  75 "<U0053><U0075><U006E><U0064><U0061><U0079>".
  76 Values defined as Unicode code points must be in double quotes, plain
  77 number values are not quoted (but
  78 .BR LC_CTYPE
  79 and
  80 .BR LC_COLLATE
  81 follow special formatting, see the system-provided locale files for
  82 examples).
  83 .SS Locale category sections
  84 The following category sections are defined by POSIX:
  85 .IP * 3
  86 .B LC_CTYPE
  87 .IP *
  88 .B LC_COLLATE
  89 .IP *
  90 .B LC_MESSAGES
  91 .IP *
  92 .B LC_MONETARY
  93 .IP *
  94 .B LC_NUMERIC
  95 .IP *
  96 .B LC_TIME
  97 .PP
  98 In addition, since version 2.2,
  99 the GNU C library supports the following nonstandard categories:
 100 .IP * 3
 101 .B LC_ADDRESS
 102 .IP *
 103 .B LC_IDENTIFICATION
 104 .IP *
 105 .B LC_MEASUREMENT
 106 .IP *
 107 .B LC_NAME
 108 .IP *
 109 .B LC_PAPER
 110 .IP *
 111 .B LC_TELEPHONE
 112 .PP
 113 See
 114 .BR locale (7)
 115 for a more detailed description of each category.
 116
 117 .SS LC_ADDRESS
 118 The definition starts with the string
 119 .I LC_ADDRESS
 120 in the first column.
 121
 122 The following keywords are allowed:
 123 .\" Thanks to the kind folk who wrote localedata/locales/uk_UA
 124 .TP
 125 .I postal_fmt
 126 followed by a string containing field descriptors that define
 127 the format used for postal addresses in the locale.
 128 The following field descriptors are recognized:
 129 .\" From localedata/locales/uk_UA:
 130 .RS
 131 .\" .TP
 132 .\" %n
 133 .\"     BUG: %l escape sequence from ISO/IEC 14652:2002 is not supported
 134 .\"     by glibc
 135 .\" Person's name, possibly constructed with the
 136 .\" .B LC_NAME
 137 .\" .I name_fmt
 138 .\" keyword.
 139 .\"
 140 .\" https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=16983
 141 .TP 4
 142 %a
 143 Care of person, or organization.
 144 .TP
 145 %f
 146 Firm name.
 147 .TP
 148 %d
 149 Department name.
 150 .TP
 151 %b
 152 Building name.
 153 .TP
 154 %s
 155 Street or block (e.g., Japanese) name.
 156 .TP
 157 %h
 158 House number or designation.
 159 .TP
 160 %N
 161 Insert an end-of-line if the previous descriptor's value was not an empty
 162 string; otherwise ignore.
 163 .TP
 164 %t
 165 Insert a space if the previous descriptor's value was not an empty string;
 166 otherwise ignore.
 167 .TP
 168 %r
 169 Room number, door designation.
 170 .TP
 171 %e
 172 Floor number.
 173 .TP
 174 %C
 175 Country designation, from the <country_post> keyword.
 176 .\" .TP
 177 .\" %l
 178 .\"      BUG: %l escape sequence from ISO/IEC 14652:2002 is not
 179 .\"     supported by glibc
 180 .\" Local township within town or city.
 181 .\"
 182 .\" https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=16983
 183 .TP
 184 %z
 185 Zip number, postal code.
 186 .TP
 187 %T
 188 Town, city.
 189 .TP
 190 %S
 191 State, province, or prefecture.
 192 .TP
 193 %c
 194 Country, as taken from data record.
 195 .PP
 196 Each field descriptor may have an \(aqR\(aq after
 197 the \(aq%\(aq to specify that the
 198 information is taken from a Romanized version string of the
 199 entity.
 200 .RE
 201
 202 .TP
 203 .I country_name
 204 followed by the country name in the language of the current document
 205 (e.g., "Deutschland" for the
 206 .IR de_DE
 207 locale).
 208 .TP
 209 .I country_post
 210 followed by the abbreviation of the country (see CERT_MAILCODES).
 211 .TP
 212 .I country_ab2
 213 followed by the two-letter abbreviation of the country (ISO 3166).
 214 .TP
 215 .I country_ab3
 216 followed by the three-letter abbreviation of the country (ISO 3166).
 217 .TP
 218 .I country_num
 219 followed by the numeric country code as plain numbers (ISO 3166).
 220 .TP
 221 .I country_car
 222 followed by the code for the country car number.
 223 .TP
 224 .I country_isbn
 225 followed by the ISBN code (for books).
 226 .TP
 227 .I lang_name
 228 followed by the language name in the language of the current document.
 229 .TP
 230 .I lang_ab
 231 followed by the two-letter abbreviation of the language (ISO 639).
 232 .TP
 233 .I lang_term
 234 followed by the three-letter abbreviation of the language (ISO 639-2/T).
 235 .TP
 236 .I lang_lib
 237 followed by the three-letter abbreviation of the language for library
 238 use (ISO 639-2/B).
 239 Applications should in general prefer
 240 .IR lang_term
 241 over
 242 .IR lang_lib .
 243 .PP
 244 The
 245 .B LC_ADDRESS
 246 definition ends with the string
 247 .IR "END LC_ADDRESS" .
 248 .SS LC_CTYPE
 249 The definition starts with the string
 250 .I LC_CTYPE
 251 in the first column.
 252
 253 The following keywords are allowed:
 254 .TP
 255 .I upper
 256 followed by a list of uppercase letters.
 257 The letters
 258 .B A
 259 through
 260 .B Z
 261 are included automatically.
 262 Characters also specified as
 263 .BR cntrl ,
 264 .BR digit ,
 265 .BR punct ,
 266 or
 267 .B space
 268 are not allowed.
 269 .TP
 270 .I lower
 271 followed by a list of lowercase letters.
 272 The letters
 273 .B a
 274 through
 275 .B z
 276 are included automatically.
 277 Characters also specified as
 278 .BR cntrl ,
 279 .BR digit ,
 280 .BR punct ,
 281 or
 282 .B space
 283 are not allowed.
 284 .TP
 285 .I alpha
 286 followed by a list of letters.
 287 All character specified as either
 288 .B upper
 289 or
 290 .B lower
 291 are automatically included.
 292 Characters also specified as
 293 .BR cntrl ,
 294 .BR digit ,
 295 .BR punct ,
 296 or
 297 .B space
 298 are not allowed.
 299 .TP
 300 .I digit
 301 followed by the characters classified as numeric digits.
 302 Only the
 303 digits
 304 .B 0
 305 through
 306 .B 9
 307 are allowed.
 308 They are included by default in this class.
 309 .TP
 310 .I space
 311 followed by a list of characters defined as white-space
 312 characters.
 313 Characters also specified as
 314 .BR upper ,
 315 .BR lower ,
 316 .BR alpha ,
 317 .BR digit ,
 318 .BR graph ,
 319 or
 320 .B xdigit
 321 are not allowed.
 322 The characters
 323 .BR <space> ,
 324 .BR <form-feed> ,
 325 .BR <newline> ,
 326 .BR <carriage-return> ,
 327 .BR <tab> ,
 328 and
 329 .B <vertical-tab>
 330 are automatically included.
 331 .TP
 332 .I cntrl
 333 followed by a list of control characters.
 334 Characters also specified as
 335 .BR upper ,
 336 .BR lower ,
 337 .BR alpha ,
 338 .BR digit ,
 339 .BR punct ,
 340 .BR graph ,
 341 .BR print ,
 342 or
 343 .B xdigit
 344 are not allowed.
 345 .TP
 346 .I punct
 347 followed by a list of punctuation characters.
 348 Characters also
 349 specified as
 350 .BR upper ,
 351 .BR lower ,
 352 .BR alpha ,
 353 .BR digit ,
 354 .BR cntrl ,
 355 .BR xdigit ,
 356 or the
 357 .B <space>
 358 character are not allowed.
 359 .TP
 360 .I graph
 361 followed by a list of printable characters, not including the
 362 .B <space>
 363 character.
 364 The characters defined as
 365 .BR upper ,
 366 .BR lower ,
 367 .BR alpha ,
 368 .BR digit ,
 369 .BR xdigit ,
 370 and
 371 .B punct
 372 are automatically included.
 373 Characters also specified as
 374 .B cntrl
 375 are not allowed.
 376 .TP
 377 .I print
 378 followed by a list of printable characters, including the
 379 .B <space>
 380 character.
 381 The characters defined as
 382 .BR upper ,
 383 .BR lower ,
 384 .BR alpha ,
 385 .BR digit ,
 386 .BR xdigit ,
 387 .BR punct ,
 388 and the
 389 .B <space>
 390 character are automatically included.
 391 Characters also specified as
 392 .B cntrl
 393 are not allowed.
 394 .TP
 395 .I xdigit
 396 followed by a list of characters classified as hexadecimal
 397 digits.
 398 The decimal digits must be included followed by one or
 399 more set of six characters in ascending order.
 400 The following
 401 characters are included by default:
 402 .B 0
 403 through
 404 .BR 9 ,
 405 .B a
 406 through
 407 .BR f ,
 408 .B A
 409 through
 410 .BR F .
 411 .TP
 412 .I blank
 413 followed by a list of characters classified as
 414 .BR blank .
 415 The characters
 416 .B <space>
 417 and
 418 .B <tab>
 419 are automatically included.
 420 .TP
 421 .I charclass
 422 followed by a list of locale-specific character class names
 423 which are then to be defined in the locale.
 424 .TP
 425 .I toupper
 426 followed by a list of mappings from lowercase to uppercase
 427 letters.
 428 Each mapping is a pair of a lowercase and an uppercase letter
 429 separated with a
 430 .B ,
 431 and enclosed in parentheses.
 432 The members of the list are separated
 433 with semicolons.
 434 .TP
 435 .I tolower
 436 followed by a list of mappings from uppercase to lowercase
 437 letters.
 438 If the keyword tolower is not present, the reverse of the
 439 toupper list is used.
 440 .TP
 441 .I map "totitle"
 442 followed by a list of mapping pairs of
 443 characters and letters
 444 to be used in titles (headings).
 445 .TP
 446 .I class
 447 followed by a locale-specific character class definition,
 448 starting with the class name followed by the characters
 449 belonging to the class.
 450 .TP
 451 .I charconv
 452 followed by a list of locale-specific character map names
 453 which are then to be defined in the locale.
 454 .TP
 455 .I outdigit
 456 followed by a list of alternate output digits for the locale.
 457 .TP
 458 .I map to_inpunct
 459 followed by a list of mapping pairs of
 460 alternate digits and separators
 461 for input digits for the locale.
 462 .TP
 463 .I map to_outpunct
 464 followed by a list of mapping pairs of
 465 alternate separators
 466 for output for the locale.
 467 .TP
 468 .I translit_start
 469 marks the start of the transliteration rules section.
 470 The section can contain the
 471 .I include
 472 keyword in the beginning followed by
 473 locale-specific rules and overrides.
 474 Any rule specified in the locale file
 475 will override any rule
 476 copied or included from other files.
 477 In case of duplicate rule definitions in the locale file,
 478 only the first rule is used.
 479
 480 A transliteration rule consist of a character to be transliterated
 481 followed by a list of transliteration targets separated by semicolons.
 482 The first target which can be presented in the target character set
 483 is used, if none of them can be used the
 484 .I default_missing
 485 character will be used instead.
 486 .TP
 487 .I include
 488 in the transliteration rules section includes
 489 a transliteration rule file
 490 (and optionally a repertoire map file)
 491 .
 492 .TP
 493 .I default_missing
 494 in the transliteration rules section
 495 defines the default character to be used for
 496 transliteration where none of the targets cannot be presented
 497 in the target character set.
 498 .TP
 499 .I translit_end
 500 marks the end of the transliteration rules.
 501 .PP
 502 The
 503 .B LC_CTYPE
 504 definition ends with the string
 505 .IR "END LC_CTYPE" .
 506 .SS LC_COLLATE
 507 Due to limitations of glibc not all POSIX-options are implemented.
 508
 509 The definition starts with the string
 510 .I LC_COLLATE
 511 in the first column.
 512
 513 The following keywords are allowed:
 514 .\" FIXME The following LC_COLLATE keywords are not documented:
 515 .\"     reorder-after
 516 .\"     reorder-end
 517 .\"     reorder-sections-after
 518 .\"     reorder-sections-end
 519 .\"     script
 520 .\"     symbol-equivalence
 521 .TP
 522 .I collating-element
 523 followed by the definition of a collating-element symbol
 524 representing a multicharacter collating element.
 525 .TP
 526 .I collating-symbol
 527 followed by the definition of a collating symbol
 528 that can be used in collation order statements.
 529 .PP
 530 The order-definition starts with a line:
 531 .TP
 532 .I order_start
 533 followed by a list of keywords chosen from
 534 .BR forward ,
 535 .BR backward ,
 536 or
 537 .BR position .
 538 The order definition consists of lines that describe the order
 539 and is terminated with the keyword
 540 .IR order_end .
 541 .PP
 542 The
 543 .B LC_COLLATE
 544 definition ends with the string
 545 .IR "END LC_COLLATE" .
 546 .SS LC_IDENTIFICATION
 547 The definition starts with the string
 548 .I LC_IDENTIFICATION
 549 in the first column.
 550
 551 The values in this category are defined as plain strings.
 552
 553 The following keywords are allowed:
 554 .TP
 555 .I title
 556 followed by the title of the locale document
 557 (e.g., "Maori language locale for New Zealand").
 558 .TP
 559 .I source
 560 followed by the name of the organization that maintains this document.
 561 .TP
 562 .I address
 563 followed by the address of the organization that maintains this document.
 564 .TP
 565 .I contact
 566 followed by the name of the contact person at
 567 the organization that maintains this document.
 568 .TP
 569 .I email
 570 followed by the email address of the person or
 571 organization that maintains this document.
 572 .TP
 573 .I tel
 574 followed by the telephone number (in international format)
 575 of the organization that maintains this document.
 576 .TP
 577 .I fax
 578 followed by the fax number (in international format)
 579 of the organization that maintains this document.
 580 .TP
 581 .I language
 582 followed by the name of the language to which this document applies.
 583 .TP
 584 .I territory
 585 followed by the name of the country/geographic extent
 586 to which this document applies.
 587 .TP
 588 .I audience
 589 followed by a description of the audience for which this document is intended.
 590 .TP
 591 .I application
 592 followed by a description of any special application
 593 for which this document is intended.
 594 .TP
 595 .I abbreviation
 596 .\" as far as I can tell... (mtk)
 597 followed by the short name for this document.
 598 .TP
 599 .I revision
 600 followed by the revision number of this document.
 601 .TP
 602 .I date
 603 followed by the revision date of this document.
 604 .PP
 605 In addition, for each of the categories defined by the document,
 606 there should be a line starting with the keyword
 607 .IR category ,
 608 followed by:
 609 .IP * 3
 610 a string that identifies this locale category definition,
 611 .IP *
 612 a semicolon, and
 613 .IP *
 614 one of the
 615 .BI LC_ *
 616 identifiers.
 617 .PP
 618 The
 619 .B LC_IDENTIFICATION
 620 definition ends with the string
 621 .IR "END LC_IDENTIFICATION" .
 622 .SS LC_MESSAGES
 623 The definition starts with the string
 624 .I LC_MESSAGES
 625 in the first column.
 626
 627 The following keywords are allowed:
 628 .TP
 629 .I yesexpr
 630 followed by a regular expression that describes possible
 631 yes-responses.
 632 .TP
 633 .I noexpr
 634 followed by a regular expression that describes possible
 635 no-responses.
 636 .TP
 637 .I yesstr
 638 followed by the output string corresponding to "yes".
 639 .TP
 640 .I nostr
 641 followed by the output string corresponding to "no".
 642 .PP
 643 The
 644 .B LC_MESSAGES
 645 definition ends with the string
 646 .IR "END LC_MESSAGES" .
 647 .SS LC_MEASUREMENT
 648 The definition starts with the string
 649 .I LC_MEASUREMENT
 650 in the first column.
 651
 652 The following keywords are allowed:
 653 .TP
 654 .I measurement
 655 followed by number identifying the standard used for measurement.
 656 The following values are recognized:
 657 .RS
 658 .TP 4
 659 .B 1
 660 Metric.
 661 .TP
 662 .B 2
 663 US customary measurements.
 664 .RE
 665 .PP
 666 The
 667 .B LC_MEASUREMENT
 668 definition ends with the string
 669 .IR "END LC_MEASUREMENT" .
 670 .SS LC_MONETARY
 671 The definition starts with the string
 672 .I LC_MONETARY
 673 in the first column.
 674
 675 Values for
 676 .IR int_curr_symbol ,
 677 .IR currency_symbol ,
 678 .IR mon_decimal_point ,
 679 .IR mon_thousands_sep ,
 680 .IR positive_sign ,
 681 and
 682 .IR negative_sign
 683 are defined as Unicode code points, the others as plain numbers.
 684
 685 The following keywords are allowed:
 686 .TP
 687 .I int_curr_symbol
 688 followed by the international currency symbol.
 689 This must be a
 690 4-character string containing the international currency symbol as
 691 defined by the ISO 4217 standard (three characters) followed by a
 692 separator.
 693 .TP
 694 .I currency_symbol
 695 followed by the local currency symbol.
 696 .TP
 697 .I mon_decimal_point
 698 followed by the string that will be used as the decimal delimiter
 699 when formatting monetary quantities.
 700 .TP
 701 .I mon_thousands_sep
 702 followed by the string that will be used as a group separator
 703 when formatting monetary quantities.
 704 .TP
 705 .I mon_grouping
 706 followed by a sequence of integers separated by semicolons that
 707 describe the formatting of monetary quantities.
 708 See
 709 .I grouping
 710 below for details.
 711 .TP
 712 .I positive_sign
 713 followed by a string that is used to indicate a positive sign for
 714 monetary quantities.
 715 .TP
 716 .I negative_sign
 717 followed by a string that is used to indicate a negative sign for
 718 monetary quantities.
 719 .TP
 720 .I int_frac_digits
 721 followed by the number of fractional digits that should be used when
 722 formatting with the
 723 .IR int_curr_symbol .
 724 .TP
 725 .I frac_digits
 726 followed by the number of fractional digits that should be used when
 727 formatting with the
 728 .IR currency_symbol .
 729 .TP
 730 .I p_cs_precedes
 731 followed by an integer that indicates the placement of
 732 .I currency_symbol
 733 for a nonnegative formatted monetary quantity:
 734 .RS
 735 .TP 4
 736 .B 0
 737 the symbol succeeds the value.
 738 .TP
 739 .B 1
 740 the symbol precedes the value.
 741 .RE
 742 .TP
 743 .I p_sep_by_space
 744 followed by an integer that indicates the separation of
 745 .IR currency_symbol ,
 746 the sign string, and the value for a nonnegative formatted monetary quantity.
 747 The following values are recognized:
 748 .RS
 749 .TP 4
 750 .B 0
 751 No space separates the currency symbol and the value.
 752 .TP
 753 .B 1
 754 If the currency symbol and the sign string are adjacent,
 755 a space separates them from the value;
 756 otherwise a space separates the currency symbol and the value.
 757 .TP
 758 .B 2
 759 If the currency symbol and the sign string are adjacent,
 760 a space separates them from the value;
 761 otherwise a space separates the sign string and the value.
 762 .RE
 763 .TP
 764 .I n_cs_precedes
 765 followed by an integer that indicates the placement of
 766 .I currency_symbol
 767 for a negative formatted monetary quantity.
 768 The same values are recognized as for
 769 .IR p_cs_precedes .
 770 .TP
 771 .I n_sep_by_space
 772 followed by an integer that indicates the separation of
 773 .IR currency_symbol ,
 774 the sign string, and the value for a negative formatted monetary quantity.
 775 The same values are recognized as for
 776 .IR p_sep_by_space .
 777 .TP
 778 .I p_sign_posn
 779 followed by an integer that indicates where the
 780 .I positive_sign
 781 should be placed for a nonnegative monetary quantity:
 782 .RS
 783 .TP 4
 784 .B 0
 785 Parentheses enclose the quantity and the
 786 .I currency_symbol
 787 or
 788 .IR int_curr_symbol .
 789 .TP
 790 .B 1
 791 The sign string precedes the quantity and the
 792 .I currency_symbol
 793 or the
 794 .IR int_curr_symbol .
 795 .TP
 796 .B 2
 797 The sign string succeeds the quantity and the
 798 .I currency_symbol
 799 or the
 800 .IR int_curr_symbol .
 801 .TP
 802 .B 3
 803 The sign string precedes the
 804 .I currency_symbol
 805 or the
 806 .IR int_curr_symbol .
 807 .TP
 808 .B 4
 809 The sign string succeeds the
 810 .I currency_symbol
 811 or the
 812 .IR int_curr_symbol .
 813 .RE
 814 .TP
 815 .I n_sign_posn
 816 followed by an integer that indicates where the
 817 .I negative_sign
 818 should be placed for a negative monetary quantity.
 819 The same values are recognized as for
 820 .IR p_sign_posn .
 821 .TP
 822 .I int_p_cs_precedes
 823 followed by an integer that indicates the placement of
 824 .I int_currency_symbol
 825 for a nonnegative internationally formatted monetary quantity.
 826 The same values are recognized as for
 827 .IR p_cs_precedes .
 828 .TP
 829 .I int_n_cs_precedes
 830 followed by an integer that indicates the placement of
 831 .I int_currency_symbol
 832 for a negative internationally formatted monetary quantity.
 833 The same values are recognized as for
 834 .IR p_cs_precedes .
 835 .TP
 836 .I int_p_sep_by_space
 837 followed by an integer that indicates the separation of
 838 .IR int_currency_symbol ,
 839 the sign string,
 840 and the value for a nonnegative internationally formatted monetary quantity.
 841 The same values are recognized as for
 842 .IR p_sep_by_space .
 843 .TP
 844 .I int_n_sep_by_space
 845 followed by an integer that indicates the separation of
 846 .IR int_currency_symbol ,
 847 the sign string,
 848 and the value for a negative internationally formatted monetary quantity.
 849 The same values are recognized as for
 850 .IR p_sep_by_space .
 851 .TP
 852 .I int_p_sign_posn
 853 followed by an integer that indicates where the
 854 .I positive_sign
 855 should be placed for a nonnegative
 856 internationally formatted monetary quantity.
 857 The same values are recognized as for
 858 .IR p_sign_posn .
 859 .TP
 860 .I int_n_sign_posn
 861 followed by an integer that indicates where the
 862 .I negative_sign
 863 should be placed for a negative
 864 internationally formatted monetary quantity.
 865 The same values are recognized as for
 866 .IR p_sign_posn .
 867 .PP
 868 The
 869 .B LC_MONETARY
 870 definition ends with the string
 871 .IR "END LC_MONETARY" .
 872 .SS LC_NAME
 873 The definition starts with the string
 874 .I LC_NAME
 875 in the first column.
 876
 877 Various keywords are allowed, but only
 878 .IR name_fmt
 879 is mandatory.
 880 Other keywords are needed only if there is common convention to
 881 use the corresponding salutation in this locale.
 882 The allowed keywords are as follows:
 883 .TP
 884 .I name_fmt
 885 followed by a string containing field descriptors that define
 886 the format used for names in the locale.
 887 The following field descriptors are recognized:
 888 .\" From localedata/locales/uk_UA:
 889 .RS
 890 .TP 4
 891 %f
 892 Family name(s).
 893 .TP
 894 %F
 895 Family names in uppercase.
 896 .TP
 897 %g
 898 First given name.
 899 .TP
 900 %G
 901 First given initial.
 902 .TP
 903 %l
 904 First given name with Latin letters.
 905 .TP
 906 %o
 907 Other shorter name.
 908 .TP
 909 %m
 910 Additional given name(s).
 911 .TP
 912 %M
 913 Initials for additional given name(s).
 914 .TP
 915 %p
 916 Profession.
 917 .TP
 918 %s
 919 Salutation, such as "Doctor".
 920 .TP
 921 %S
 922 Abbreviated salutation, such as "Mr." or "Dr.".
 923 .TP
 924 %d
 925 Salutation, using the FDCC-sets conventions.
 926 .\"  1 for the name_gen
 927 .\"         In glibc 2.19, %d1 is used in only:
 928 .\"             /home/mtk/ARCHIVE/GLIBC/glibc-2.19/localedata/locales/bem_ZM
 929 .\"             /home/mtk/ARCHIVE/GLIBC/glibc-2.19/localedata/locales/zh_HK
 930 .\"         In glibc 2.19, %d[2-5] appear to be not used at all
 931 .\"  2 for name_mr
 932 .\"  3 for name_mrs
 933 .\"  4 for name_miss
 934 .\"  5 for name_ms
 935 .TP
 936 %t
 937 If the preceding field descriptor resulted in an empty string,
 938 then the empty string, otherwise a space character.
 939 .RE
 940 .TP
 941 .I name_gen
 942 followed by the general salutation for any gender.
 943 .TP
 944 .I name_mr
 945 followed by the salutation for men.
 946 .TP
 947 .I name_mrs
 948 followed by the salutation for married women.
 949 .TP
 950 .I name_miss
 951 followed by the salutation for unmarried women.
 952 .TP
 953 .I name_ms
 954 followed by the salutation valid for all women.
 955 .PP
 956 The
 957 .B LC_NAME
 958 definition ends with the string
 959 .IR "END LC_NAME" .
 960 .SS LC_NUMERIC
 961 The definition starts with the string
 962 .I LC_NUMERIC
 963 in the first column.
 964
 965 The following keywords are allowed:
 966 .TP
 967 .I decimal_point
 968 followed by the string that will be used as the decimal delimiter
 969 when formatting numeric quantities.
 970 .TP
 971 .I thousands_sep
 972 followed by the string that will be used as a group separator
 973 when formatting numeric quantities.
 974 .TP
 975 .I grouping
 976 followed by a sequence of integers as plain numbers separated by
 977 semicolons that describe the formatting of numeric quantities.
 978 .IP
 979 Each integer specifies the number of digits in a group.
 980 The first integer defines the size of the group immediately
 981 to the left of the decimal delimiter.
 982 Subsequent integers define succeeding groups to the
 983 left of the previous group.
 984 If the last integer is not \-1, then the size of the previous group
 985 (if any) is repeatedly used for the remainder of the digits.
 986 If the last integer is \-1, then no further grouping is performed.
 987 .PP
 988 The
 989 .B LC_NUMERIC
 990 definition ends with the string
 991 .IR "END LC_NUMERIC" .
 992 .SS LC_PAPER
 993 The definition starts with the string
 994 .I LC_PAPER
 995 in the first column.
 996
 997 Values in this category are defined as plain numbers.
 998
 999 The following keywords are allowed:
1000 .TP
1001 .I height
1002 followed by the height, in millimeters, of the standard paper format.
1003 .TP
1004 .I width
1005 followed by the width, in millimeters, of the standard paper format.
1006 .PP
1007 The
1008 .B LC_PAPER
1009 definition ends with the string
1010 .IR "END LC_PAPER" .
1011 .SS LC_TELEPHONE
1012 The definition starts with the string
1013 .I LC_TELEPHONE
1014 in the first column.
1015
1016 The following keywords are allowed:
1017 .TP
1018 .I tel_int_fmt
1019 followed by a string that contains field descriptors that identify
1020 the format used to dial international numbers.
1021 The following field descriptors are recognized:
1022 .\" From localedata/locales/uk_UA
1023 .RS
1024 .TP 4
1025 %a
1026 Area code without nationwide prefix (the prefix is often "00").
1027 .TP
1028 %A
1029 Area code including nationwide prefix.
1030 .TP
1031 %l
1032 Local number (within area code).
1033 .TP
1034 %e
1035 Extension (to local number).
1036 .TP
1037 %c
1038 Country code.
1039 .TP
1040 %C
1041 Alternate carrier service code used for dialing abroad.
1042 .TP
1043 %t
1044 If the preceding field descriptor resulted in an empty string,
1045 then the empty string, otherwise a space character.
1046 .RE
1047 .TP
1048 .I tel_dom_fmt
1049 followed by a string that contains field descriptors that identify
1050 the format used to dial domestic numbers.
1051 The recognized field descriptors are the same as for
1052 .IR tel_int_fmt .
1053 .TP
1054 .I int_select
1055 followed by the prefix used to call international phone numbers.
1056 .TP
1057 .I int_prefix
1058 followed by the prefix used from other countries to dial this country.
1059 .PP
1060 The
1061 .B LC_TELEPHONE
1062 definition ends with the string
1063 .IR "END LC_TELEPHONE" .
1064 .SS LC_TIME
1065 The definition starts with the string
1066 .I LC_TIME
1067 in the first column.
1068
1069 The following keywords are allowed:
1070 .\" FIXME The following LC_TIME keywords are not documented:
1071 .\"     era
1072 .\"     era_d_fmt
1073 .\"     era_d_t_fmt
1074 .\"     era_t_fmt
1075 .TP
1076 .I abday
1077 followed by a list of abbreviated names of the days of the week.
1078 The list starts with the first day of the week
1079 as specified by
1080 .I week
1081 (Sunday by default).
1082 See NOTES.
1083 .TP
1084 .I day
1085 followed by a list of names of the days of the week.
1086 The list starts with the first day of the week
1087 as specified by
1088 .I week
1089 (Sunday by default).
1090 See NOTES.
1091 .TP
1092 .I abmon
1093 followed by a list of abbreviated month names.
1094 .TP
1095 .I mon
1096 followed by a list of month names.
1097 .TP
1098 .I d_t_fmt
1099 followed by the appropriate date and time format
1100 (for syntax, see
1101 .BR strftime ()).
1102 .TP
1103 .I d_fmt
1104 followed by the appropriate date format
1105 (for syntax, see
1106 .BR strftime ()).
1107 .TP
1108 .I t_fmt
1109 followed by the appropriate time format
1110 (for syntax, see
1111 .BR strftime ()).
1112 .TP
1113 .I am_pm
1114 followed by the appropriate representation of the
1115 .B am
1116 and
1117 .B pm
1118 strings.
1119 This should be left empty for locales not using AM/PM convention.
1120 .TP
1121 .I t_fmt_ampm
1122 followed by the appropriate time format
1123 (for syntax, see
1124 .BR strftime ())
1125 when using 12h clock format.
1126 This should be left empty for locales not using AM/PM convention.
1127 .TP
1128 .I alt_digits
1129 followed by the alternative digits used for date and time in the locale.
1130 .TP
1131 .I week
1132 followed by a list of three values as plain numbers:
1133 The number of days in a week (by default 7),
1134 a date of beginning of the week (by default corresponds to Sunday),
1135 and the minimal length of the first week in year (by default 4).
1136 Regarding the start of the week,
1137 .B 19971130
1138 shall be used for Sunday and
1139 .B 19971201
1140 shall be used for Monday.
1141 See NOTES.
1142 .TP
1143 .IR first_weekday " (since glibc 2.2)"
1144 followed by the number of the first day from the
1145 .I day
1146 list to be shown in calendar applications.
1147 The default value of
1148 .B 1
1149 (plain number) corresponds to either Sunday or Monday depending
1150 on the value of the second
1151 .I week
1152 list item.
1153 See NOTES.
1154 .TP
1155 .IR first_workday " (since glibc 2.2)"
1156 followed by the number of the first working day from the
1157 .I day
1158 list.
1159 The default value is
1160 .BR 2
1161 (plain number).
1162 See NOTES.
1163 .TP
1164 .I cal_direction
1165 .\" from localedata/locales/uk_UA
1166 followed by a plain number value that indicates the direction for the
1167 display of calendar dates, as follows:
1168 .RS
1169 .TP 4
1170 .B 1
1171 Left-right from top.
1172 .TP
1173 .B 2
1174 Top-down from left.
1175 .TP
1176 .B 3
1177 Right-left from top.
1178 .RE
1179 .TP
1180 .I date_fmt
1181 followed by the appropriate date representation for
1182 .BR date (1)
1183 (for syntax, see
1184 .BR strftime ()).
1185 .PP
1186 The
1187 .B LC_TIME
1188 definition ends with the string
1189 .IR "END LC_TIME" .
1190 .SH FILES
1191 .TP
1192 .I /usr/lib/locale/locale-archive
1193 Usual default locale archive location.
1194 .TP
1195 .I /usr/share/i18n/locales
1196 Usual default path for locale definition files.
1197 .SH CONFORMING TO
1198 POSIX.2, ISO/IEC TR 14652.
1199 .SH NOTES
1200 The collective GNU C library community wisdom regarding
1201 .IR abday ,
1202 .IR day ,
1203 .IR week ,
1204 .IR first_weekday ,
1205 and
1206 .I first_workday
1207 states at
1208 https://sourceware.org/glibc/wiki/Locales
1209 the following:
1210 .IP * 3
1211 The value of the second
1212 .I week
1213 list item specifies the base of the
1214 .I abday
1215 and
1216 .I day
1217 lists.
1218 .IP *
1219 .I first_weekday
1220 specifies the offset of the first day-of-week in the
1221 .I abday
1222 and
1223 .I day
1224 lists.
1225 .IP *
1226 For compatibility reasons, all glibc locales should set the value of the
1227 second
1228 .I week
1229 list item to
1230 .B 19971130
1231 (Sunday) and base the
1232 .I abday
1233 and
1234 .I day
1235 lists appropriately, and set
1236 .I first_weekday
1237 and
1238 .I first_workday
1239 to
1240 .B 1
1241 or
1242 .BR 2 ,
1243 depending on whether the week and work week actually starts on Sunday or
1244 Monday for the locale.
1245 .SH BUGS
1246 This manual page isn't complete.
1247 .\" .SH AUTHOR
1248 .\" Jochen Hein (Hein@Student.TU-Clausthal.de)
1249 .SH SEE ALSO
1250 .BR iconv (1),
1251 .BR locale (1),
1252 .BR localedef (1),
1253 .BR localeconv (3),
1254 .BR newlocale (3),
1255 .BR setlocale (3),
1256 .BR strftime (3),
1257 .BR uselocale (3),
1258 .BR charmap (5),
1259 .BR charsets (7),
1260 .BR locale (7),
1261 .BR unicode (7),
1262 .BR utf-8 (7)