2 * lsns(8) - list system namespaces
4 * Copyright (C) 2015 Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9 * (at your option) any later version.
11 * This program is distributed in the hope that it would be useful,
12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 * GNU General Public License for more details.
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
18 * Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
28 #include <sys/types.h>
30 #include <libsmartcols.h>
33 #ifdef HAVE_LINUX_NET_NAMESPACE_H
35 # include <sys/socket.h>
36 # include <linux/netlink.h>
37 # include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
38 # include <linux/net_namespace.h>
41 #ifdef HAVE_LINUX_NSFS_H
42 # include <linux/nsfs.h>
43 # if defined(NS_GET_NSTYPE) && defined(NS_GET_OWNER_UID)
44 # define USE_NS_GET_API 1
48 #include "pathnames.h"
53 #include "closestream.h"
57 #include "namespace.h"
59 #include "fileutils.h"
63 static UL_DEBUG_DEFINE_MASK(lsns
);
64 UL_DEBUG_DEFINE_MASKNAMES(lsns
) = UL_DEBUG_EMPTY_MASKNAMES
;
66 #define LSNS_DEBUG_INIT (1 << 1)
67 #define LSNS_DEBUG_PROC (1 << 2)
68 #define LSNS_DEBUG_NS (1 << 3)
69 #define LSNS_DEBUG_ALL 0xFFFF
71 #define LSNS_NETNS_UNUSABLE -2
73 #define DBG(m, x) __UL_DBG(lsns, LSNS_DEBUG_, m, x)
74 #define ON_DBG(m, x) __UL_DBG_CALL(lsns, LSNS_DEBUG_, m, x)
76 #define lsns_ioctl(fildes, request, ...) __extension__ ({ \
77 int ret = ioctl(fildes, request, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
78 if (ret == -1 && errno == ENOTTY) \
79 warnx("Unsupported ioctl %s", #request); \
82 #define UL_DEBUG_CURRENT_MASK UL_DEBUG_MASK(lsns)
85 #define EXIT_UNSUPPORTED_IOCTL 2
87 static struct idcache
*uid_cache
= NULL
;
102 COL_PNS
, /* parent namespace */
103 COL_ONS
, /* owner namespace */
108 const char *name
; /* header */
109 double whint
; /* width hint (N < 1 is in percent of termwidth) */
110 int flags
; /* SCOLS_FL_* */
115 /* columns descriptions */
116 static const struct colinfo infos
[] = {
117 [COL_NS
] = { "NS", 10, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT
, N_("namespace identifier (inode number)"), SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER
},
118 [COL_TYPE
] = { "TYPE", 5, 0, N_("kind of namespace") },
119 [COL_PATH
] = { "PATH", 0, 0, N_("path to the namespace")},
120 [COL_NPROCS
] = { "NPROCS", 5, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT
, N_("number of processes in the namespace"), SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER
},
121 [COL_PID
] = { "PID", 5, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT
, N_("lowest PID in the namespace"), SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER
},
122 [COL_PPID
] = { "PPID", 5, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT
, N_("PPID of the PID"), SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER
},
123 [COL_COMMAND
] = { "COMMAND", 0, SCOLS_FL_TRUNC
, N_("command line of the PID")},
124 [COL_UID
] = { "UID", 0, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT
, N_("UID of the PID"), SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER
},
125 [COL_USER
] = { "USER", 0, 0, N_("username of the PID")},
126 [COL_NETNSID
] = { "NETNSID", 0, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT
, N_("namespace ID as used by network subsystem")},
127 [COL_NSFS
] = { "NSFS", 0, SCOLS_FL_WRAP
, N_("nsfs mountpoint (usually used network subsystem)")},
128 [COL_PNS
] = { "PNS", 10, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT
, N_("parent namespace identifier (inode number)"), SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER
},
129 [COL_ONS
] = { "ONS", 10, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT
, N_("owner namespace identifier (inode number)"), SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER
},
132 static int columns
[ARRAY_SIZE(infos
) * 2];
133 static size_t ncolumns
;
146 static char *ns_names
[] = {
147 [LSNS_ID_MNT
] = "mnt",
148 [LSNS_ID_NET
] = "net",
149 [LSNS_ID_PID
] = "pid",
150 [LSNS_ID_UTS
] = "uts",
151 [LSNS_ID_IPC
] = "ipc",
152 [LSNS_ID_USER
] = "user",
153 [LSNS_ID_CGROUP
] = "cgroup",
154 [LSNS_ID_TIME
] = "time"
163 struct lsns_namespace
{
165 int type
; /* LSNS_* */
168 ino_t related_id
[MAX_RELA
];
170 struct lsns_process
*proc
;
172 struct lsns_namespace
*related_ns
[MAX_RELA
];
173 struct libscols_line
*ns_outline
;
174 uid_t uid_fallback
; /* refer this member if `proc' is NULL. */
176 struct list_head namespaces
; /* lsns->processes member */
177 struct list_head processes
; /* head of lsns_process *siblings */
180 struct lsns_process
{
181 pid_t pid
; /* process PID */
182 pid_t ppid
; /* parent's PID */
183 pid_t tpid
; /* thread group */
187 ino_t ns_ids
[ARRAY_SIZE(ns_names
)];
188 ino_t ns_pids
[ARRAY_SIZE(ns_names
)];
189 ino_t ns_oids
[ARRAY_SIZE(ns_names
)];
191 struct list_head ns_siblings
[ARRAY_SIZE(ns_names
)];
193 struct list_head processes
; /* list of processes */
195 struct libscols_line
*outline
;
196 struct lsns_process
*parent
;
210 struct list_head processes
;
211 struct list_head namespaces
;
213 pid_t fltr_pid
; /* filter out by PID */
214 ino_t fltr_ns
; /* filter out by namespace */
215 int fltr_types
[ARRAY_SIZE(ns_names
)];
218 unsigned int raw
: 1,
227 struct libmnt_table
*tab
;
230 struct netnsid_cache
{
233 struct list_head netnsids
;
236 static struct list_head netnsids_cache
;
238 static int netlink_fd
= -1;
240 static void lsns_init_debug(void)
242 __UL_INIT_DEBUG_FROM_ENV(lsns
, LSNS_DEBUG_
, 0, LSNS_DEBUG
);
245 static int ns_name2type(const char *name
)
249 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(ns_names
); i
++) {
250 if (strcmp(ns_names
[i
], name
) == 0)
256 static int column_name_to_id(const char *name
, size_t namesz
)
262 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(infos
); i
++) {
263 const char *cn
= infos
[i
].name
;
265 if (!strncasecmp(name
, cn
, namesz
) && !*(cn
+ namesz
))
268 warnx(_("unknown column: %s"), name
);
272 static int has_column(int id
)
276 for (i
= 0; i
< ncolumns
; i
++) {
277 if (columns
[i
] == id
)
283 static inline int get_column_id(int num
)
286 assert((size_t) num
< ncolumns
);
287 assert(columns
[num
] < (int) ARRAY_SIZE(infos
));
292 static inline const struct colinfo
*get_column_info(unsigned num
)
294 return &infos
[ get_column_id(num
) ];
297 static int get_ns_ino(int dir
, const char *nsname
, ino_t
*ino
, ino_t
*pino
, ino_t
*oino
)
302 snprintf(path
, sizeof(path
), "ns/%s", nsname
);
304 if (fstatat(dir
, path
, &st
, 0) != 0)
311 #ifdef USE_NS_GET_API
313 fd
= openat(dir
, path
, 0);
316 if (strcmp(nsname
, "pid") == 0 || strcmp(nsname
, "user") == 0) {
317 if ((pfd
= lsns_ioctl(fd
, NS_GET_PARENT
)) < 0) {
323 if (fstat(pfd
, &st
) < 0) {
332 if ((ofd
= lsns_ioctl(fd
, NS_GET_USERNS
)) < 0) {
338 if (fstat(ofd
, &st
) < 0) {
351 static int parse_proc_stat(FILE *fp
, pid_t
*pid
, char *state
, pid_t
*ppid
)
353 char *line
= NULL
, *p
;
357 if (getline(&line
, &len
, fp
) < 0) {
362 p
= strrchr(line
, ')');
364 sscanf(line
, "%d (", pid
) != 1 ||
365 sscanf(p
, ") %c %d*[^\n]", state
, ppid
) != 2) {
376 #ifdef HAVE_LINUX_NET_NAMESPACE_H
377 static int netnsid_cache_find(ino_t netino
, int *netnsid
)
381 list_for_each(p
, &netnsids_cache
) {
382 struct netnsid_cache
*e
= list_entry(p
,
383 struct netnsid_cache
,
385 if (e
->ino
== netino
) {
394 static void netnsid_cache_add(ino_t netino
, int netnsid
)
396 struct netnsid_cache
*e
;
398 e
= xcalloc(1, sizeof(*e
));
401 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&e
->netnsids
);
402 list_add(&e
->netnsids
, &netnsids_cache
);
405 static int get_netnsid_via_netlink_send_request(int target_fd
)
407 unsigned char req
[NLMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct rtgenmsg
))
408 + RTA_SPACE(sizeof(int32_t))];
410 struct nlmsghdr
*nlh
= (struct nlmsghdr
*)req
;
411 struct rtgenmsg
*rt
= NLMSG_DATA(req
);
412 struct rtattr
*rta
= (struct rtattr
*)
413 (req
+ NLMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct rtgenmsg
)));
414 int32_t *fd
= RTA_DATA(rta
);
416 nlh
->nlmsg_len
= sizeof(req
);
417 nlh
->nlmsg_flags
= NLM_F_REQUEST
;
418 nlh
->nlmsg_type
= RTM_GETNSID
;
419 rt
->rtgen_family
= AF_UNSPEC
;
420 rta
->rta_type
= NETNSA_FD
;
421 rta
->rta_len
= RTA_SPACE(sizeof(int32_t));
424 if (send(netlink_fd
, req
, sizeof(req
), 0) < 0)
429 static int get_netnsid_via_netlink_recv_response(int *netnsid
)
431 unsigned char res
[NLMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct rtgenmsg
))
432 + ((RTA_SPACE(sizeof(int32_t))
433 < RTA_SPACE(sizeof(struct nlmsgerr
)))
434 ? RTA_SPACE(sizeof(struct nlmsgerr
))
435 : RTA_SPACE(sizeof(int32_t)))];
439 struct nlmsghdr
*nlh
;
442 reslen
= recv(netlink_fd
, res
, sizeof(res
), 0);
446 nlh
= (struct nlmsghdr
*)res
;
447 if (!(NLMSG_OK(nlh
, (size_t)reslen
)
448 && nlh
->nlmsg_type
== RTM_NEWNSID
))
451 rtalen
= NLMSG_PAYLOAD(nlh
, sizeof(struct rtgenmsg
));
452 rta
= (struct rtattr
*)(res
+ NLMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct rtgenmsg
)));
453 if (!(RTA_OK(rta
, rtalen
)
454 && rta
->rta_type
== NETNSA_NSID
))
457 *netnsid
= *(int *)RTA_DATA(rta
);
462 static int get_netnsid_via_netlink(int dir
, const char *path
)
468 return LSNS_NETNS_UNUSABLE
;
470 target_fd
= openat(dir
, path
, O_RDONLY
);
472 return LSNS_NETNS_UNUSABLE
;
474 if (get_netnsid_via_netlink_send_request(target_fd
) < 0) {
475 netnsid
= LSNS_NETNS_UNUSABLE
;
479 if (get_netnsid_via_netlink_recv_response(&netnsid
) < 0) {
480 netnsid
= LSNS_NETNS_UNUSABLE
;
489 static int get_netnsid(int dir
, ino_t netino
)
493 if (!netnsid_cache_find(netino
, &netnsid
)) {
494 netnsid
= get_netnsid_via_netlink(dir
, "ns/net");
495 netnsid_cache_add(netino
, netnsid
);
501 static int get_netnsid(int dir
__attribute__((__unused__
)),
502 ino_t netino
__attribute__((__unused__
)))
504 return LSNS_NETNS_UNUSABLE
;
506 #endif /* HAVE_LINUX_NET_NAMESPACE_H */
508 static int read_process(struct lsns
*ls
, pid_t pid
)
510 struct lsns_process
*p
= NULL
;
518 DBG(PROC
, ul_debug("reading %d", (int) pid
));
520 snprintf(buf
, sizeof(buf
), "/proc/%d", pid
);
525 p
= xcalloc(1, sizeof(*p
));
526 p
->netnsid
= LSNS_NETNS_UNUSABLE
;
528 if (fstat(dirfd(dir
), &st
) == 0) {
530 add_uid(uid_cache
, st
.st_uid
);
533 fd
= openat(dirfd(dir
), "stat", O_RDONLY
);
538 if (!(f
= fdopen(fd
, "r"))) {
542 rc
= parse_proc_stat(f
, &p
->pid
, &p
->state
, &p
->ppid
);
547 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(p
->ns_ids
); i
++) {
548 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p
->ns_siblings
[i
]);
550 if (!ls
->fltr_types
[i
])
553 rc
= get_ns_ino(dirfd(dir
), ns_names
[i
], &p
->ns_ids
[i
],
554 &p
->ns_pids
[i
], &p
->ns_oids
[i
]);
555 if (rc
&& rc
!= -EACCES
&& rc
!= -ENOENT
)
557 if (i
== LSNS_ID_NET
)
558 p
->netnsid
= get_netnsid(dirfd(dir
), p
->ns_ids
[i
]);
562 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p
->processes
);
564 DBG(PROC
, ul_debugobj(p
, "new pid=%d", p
->pid
));
565 list_add_tail(&p
->processes
, &ls
->processes
);
575 static int read_processes(struct lsns
*ls
)
581 DBG(PROC
, ul_debug("opening /proc"));
583 dir
= opendir(_PATH_PROC
);
587 while ((d
= xreaddir(dir
))) {
590 if (procfs_dirent_get_pid(d
, &pid
) != 0)
593 /* TODO: use ul_new_procfs_path(pid, NULL) to read files from /proc/pid/
595 rc
= read_process(ls
, pid
);
596 if (rc
&& rc
!= -EACCES
&& rc
!= -ENOENT
)
601 DBG(PROC
, ul_debug("closing /proc"));
606 static struct lsns_namespace
*get_namespace(struct lsns
*ls
, ino_t ino
)
610 list_for_each(p
, &ls
->namespaces
) {
611 struct lsns_namespace
*ns
= list_entry(p
, struct lsns_namespace
, namespaces
);
619 static int namespace_has_process(struct lsns_namespace
*ns
, pid_t pid
)
623 list_for_each(p
, &ns
->processes
) {
624 struct lsns_process
*proc
= list_entry(p
, struct lsns_process
, ns_siblings
[ns
->type
]);
626 if (proc
->pid
== pid
)
632 static struct lsns_namespace
*add_namespace(struct lsns
*ls
, int type
, ino_t ino
,
633 ino_t parent_ino
, ino_t owner_ino
)
635 struct lsns_namespace
*ns
= xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ns
));
640 DBG(NS
, ul_debugobj(ns
, "new %s[%ju]", ns_names
[type
], (uintmax_t)ino
));
642 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ns
->processes
);
643 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ns
->namespaces
);
647 ns
->related_id
[RELA_PARENT
] = parent_ino
;
648 ns
->related_id
[RELA_OWNER
] = owner_ino
;
650 list_add_tail(&ns
->namespaces
, &ls
->namespaces
);
654 static int add_process_to_namespace(struct lsns
*ls
, struct lsns_namespace
*ns
, struct lsns_process
*proc
)
658 DBG(NS
, ul_debugobj(ns
, "add process [%p] pid=%d to %s[%ju]",
659 proc
, proc
->pid
, ns_names
[ns
->type
], (uintmax_t)ns
->id
));
661 list_for_each(p
, &ls
->processes
) {
662 struct lsns_process
*xproc
= list_entry(p
, struct lsns_process
, processes
);
664 if (xproc
->pid
== proc
->ppid
) /* my parent */
665 proc
->parent
= xproc
;
666 else if (xproc
->ppid
== proc
->pid
) /* my child */
667 xproc
->parent
= proc
;
670 list_add_tail(&proc
->ns_siblings
[ns
->type
], &ns
->processes
);
673 if (!ns
->proc
|| ns
->proc
->pid
> proc
->pid
)
679 static int cmp_namespaces(struct list_head
*a
, struct list_head
*b
,
680 __attribute__((__unused__
)) void *data
)
682 struct lsns_namespace
*xa
= list_entry(a
, struct lsns_namespace
, namespaces
),
683 *xb
= list_entry(b
, struct lsns_namespace
, namespaces
);
685 return cmp_numbers(xa
->id
, xb
->id
);
688 static int netnsid_xasputs(char **str
, int netnsid
)
691 return xasprintf(str
, "%d", netnsid
);
692 #ifdef NETNSA_NSID_NOT_ASSIGNED
693 if (netnsid
== NETNSA_NSID_NOT_ASSIGNED
)
694 return xasprintf(str
, "%s", "unassigned");
699 #ifdef USE_NS_GET_API
700 static int clone_type_to_lsns_type(int clone_type
)
702 switch (clone_type
) {
705 case CLONE_NEWCGROUP
:
706 return LSNS_ID_CGROUP
;
726 static struct lsns_namespace
*add_namespace_for_nsfd(struct lsns
*ls
, int fd
, ino_t ino
)
728 int fd_owner
= -1, fd_parent
= -1;
729 struct stat st_owner
, st_parent
;
730 ino_t ino_owner
= 0, ino_parent
= 0;
731 struct lsns_namespace
*ns
;
732 int clone_type
, lsns_type
;
734 clone_type
= lsns_ioctl(fd
, NS_GET_NSTYPE
);
737 lsns_type
= clone_type_to_lsns_type(clone_type
);
738 if (lsns_type
< 0 || ls
->fltr_types
[lsns_type
] == 0)
741 fd_owner
= lsns_ioctl(fd
, NS_GET_USERNS
);
744 if (fstat(fd_owner
, &st_owner
) < 0)
746 ino_owner
= st_owner
.st_ino
;
749 fd_parent
= lsns_ioctl(fd
, NS_GET_PARENT
);
752 if (fstat(fd_parent
, &st_parent
) < 0)
754 ino_parent
= st_parent
.st_ino
;
757 ns
= add_namespace(ls
, lsns_type
, ino
, ino_parent
, ino_owner
);
758 lsns_ioctl(fd
, NS_GET_OWNER_UID
, &ns
->uid_fallback
);
759 add_uid(uid_cache
, ns
->uid_fallback
);
761 if ((lsns_type
== LSNS_ID_USER
|| lsns_type
== LSNS_ID_PID
)
762 && ino_parent
!= ino
&& ino_parent
!= 0) {
763 ns
->related_ns
[RELA_PARENT
] = get_namespace(ls
, ino_parent
);
764 if (!ns
->related_ns
[RELA_PARENT
]) {
765 ns
->related_ns
[RELA_PARENT
] = add_namespace_for_nsfd(ls
, fd_parent
, ino_parent
);
766 if (ino_parent
== ino_owner
)
767 ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
] = ns
->related_ns
[RELA_PARENT
];
771 if (ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
] == NULL
&& ino_owner
!= 0) {
772 ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
] = get_namespace(ls
, ino_owner
);
773 if (!ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
])
774 ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
] = add_namespace_for_nsfd(ls
, fd_owner
, ino_owner
);
785 static void interpolate_missing_namespaces(struct lsns
*ls
, struct lsns_namespace
*orphan
, int rela
)
787 const int cmd
[MAX_RELA
] = {
788 [RELA_PARENT
] = NS_GET_PARENT
,
789 [RELA_OWNER
] = NS_GET_USERNS
792 int fd_orphan
, fd_missing
;
795 orphan
->related_ns
[rela
] = get_namespace(ls
, orphan
->related_id
[rela
]);
796 if (orphan
->related_ns
[rela
])
799 snprintf(buf
, sizeof(buf
), "/proc/%d/ns/%s", orphan
->proc
->pid
, ns_names
[orphan
->type
]);
800 fd_orphan
= open(buf
, O_RDONLY
);
804 fd_missing
= lsns_ioctl(fd_orphan
, cmd
[rela
]);
809 if (fstat(fd_missing
, &st
) < 0
810 || st
.st_ino
!= orphan
->related_id
[rela
]) {
815 orphan
->related_ns
[rela
] = add_namespace_for_nsfd(ls
, fd_missing
, orphan
->related_id
[rela
]);
819 static void read_related_namespaces(struct lsns
*ls
)
822 struct lsns_namespace
*orphan
[2] = {NULL
, NULL
};
825 list_for_each(p
, &ls
->namespaces
) {
826 struct lsns_namespace
*ns
= list_entry(p
, struct lsns_namespace
, namespaces
);
827 struct list_head
*pp
;
828 list_for_each(pp
, &ls
->namespaces
) {
829 struct lsns_namespace
*pns
= list_entry(pp
, struct lsns_namespace
, namespaces
);
830 if (ns
->type
== LSNS_ID_USER
831 || ns
->type
== LSNS_ID_PID
) {
832 if (ns
->related_id
[RELA_PARENT
] == pns
->id
)
833 ns
->related_ns
[RELA_PARENT
] = pns
;
834 if (ns
->related_id
[RELA_OWNER
] == pns
->id
)
835 ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
] = pns
;
836 if (ns
->related_ns
[RELA_PARENT
] && ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
])
839 if (ns
->related_id
[RELA_OWNER
] == pns
->id
) {
840 ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
] = pns
;
846 /* lsns scans /proc/[0-9]+ for finding namespaces.
847 * So if a namespace has no process, lsns cannot
848 * find it. Here we call it a missing namespace.
850 * If the id for a related namesspce is known but
851 * namespace for the id is not found, there must
852 * be orphan namespaces. A missing namespace is an
853 * owner or a parent of the orphan namespace.
855 for (rela
= 0; rela
< MAX_RELA
; rela
++) {
856 if (ns
->related_id
[rela
] != 0
857 && ns
->related_ns
[rela
] == NULL
) {
858 ns
->related_ns
[rela
] = orphan
[rela
];
864 for (rela
= 0; rela
< MAX_RELA
; rela
++) {
865 while (orphan
[rela
]) {
866 struct lsns_namespace
*current
= orphan
[rela
];
867 orphan
[rela
] = orphan
[rela
]->related_ns
[rela
];
868 current
->related_ns
[rela
] = NULL
;
869 interpolate_missing_namespaces(ls
, current
, rela
);
874 static int read_persistent_namespaces(struct lsns
*ls
)
876 struct libmnt_iter
*itr
= mnt_new_iter(MNT_ITER_FORWARD
);
877 struct libmnt_fs
*fs
= NULL
;
879 while (mnt_table_next_fs(ls
->tab
, itr
, &fs
) == 0) {
881 char *p
, *end
= NULL
;
885 if (!mnt_fs_match_fstype(fs
, "nsfs"))
887 root
= mnt_fs_get_root(fs
);
888 if (!root
|| !(p
= strchr(root
, '[')))
892 ino
= strtoumax(++p
, &end
, 10);
893 if (!end
|| *end
!= ']' || errno
!= 0)
895 if (get_namespace(ls
, ino
))
898 fd
= open(mnt_fs_get_target(fs
), O_RDONLY
);
902 add_namespace_for_nsfd(ls
, fd
, ino
);
910 #endif /* USE_NS_GET_API */
912 static int read_namespaces(struct lsns
*ls
)
916 DBG(NS
, ul_debug("reading namespace"));
918 list_for_each(p
, &ls
->processes
) {
920 struct lsns_namespace
*ns
;
921 struct lsns_process
*proc
= list_entry(p
, struct lsns_process
, processes
);
923 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(proc
->ns_ids
); i
++) {
924 if (proc
->ns_ids
[i
] == 0)
926 if (!(ns
= get_namespace(ls
, proc
->ns_ids
[i
]))) {
927 ns
= add_namespace(ls
, i
, proc
->ns_ids
[i
],
928 proc
->ns_pids
[i
], proc
->ns_oids
[i
]);
932 add_process_to_namespace(ls
, ns
, proc
);
936 #ifdef USE_NS_GET_API
937 read_persistent_namespaces(ls
);
939 if (ls
->tree
== LSNS_TREE_OWNER
|| ls
->tree
== LSNS_TREE_PARENT
)
940 read_related_namespaces(ls
);
942 list_sort(&ls
->namespaces
, cmp_namespaces
, NULL
);
947 static int is_nsfs_root(struct libmnt_fs
*fs
, void *data
)
949 if (!mnt_fs_match_fstype(fs
, "nsfs") || !mnt_fs_get_root(fs
))
952 return (strcmp(mnt_fs_get_root(fs
), (char *)data
) == 0);
955 static int is_path_included(const char *path_set
, const char *elt
,
963 tmp
= strstr(path_set
, elt
);
967 elt_len
= strlen(elt
);
968 path_set_len
= strlen(path_set
);
970 /* path_set includes only elt or
971 * path_set includes elt as the first element.
974 && ((path_set_len
== elt_len
)
975 || (path_set
[elt_len
] == sep
)))
978 /* path_set includes elt at the middle
979 * or as the last element.
981 if ((*(tmp
- 1) == sep
)
982 && ((*(tmp
+ elt_len
) == sep
)
983 || (*(tmp
+ elt_len
) == '\0')))
989 static int nsfs_xasputs(char **str
,
990 struct lsns_namespace
*ns
,
991 struct libmnt_table
*tab
,
994 struct libmnt_iter
*itr
= mnt_new_iter(MNT_ITER_FORWARD
);
996 struct libmnt_fs
*fs
= NULL
;
998 xasprintf(&expected_root
, "%s:[%ju]", ns_names
[ns
->type
], (uintmax_t)ns
->id
);
1001 while (mnt_table_find_next_fs(tab
, itr
, is_nsfs_root
,
1002 expected_root
, &fs
) == 0) {
1004 const char *tgt
= mnt_fs_get_target(fs
);
1007 xasprintf(str
, "%s", tgt
);
1009 else if (!is_path_included(*str
, tgt
, sep
)) {
1012 xasprintf(&tmp
, "%s%c%s", *str
, sep
, tgt
);
1017 free(expected_root
);
1022 static void add_scols_line(struct lsns
*ls
, struct libscols_table
*table
,
1023 struct lsns_namespace
*ns
, struct lsns_process
*proc
)
1026 struct libscols_line
*line
;
1031 line
= scols_table_new_line(table
,
1032 (ls
->tree
== LSNS_TREE_PROCESS
&& proc
) && proc
->parent
? proc
->parent
->outline
:
1033 (ls
->tree
== LSNS_TREE_PARENT
) && ns
->related_ns
[RELA_PARENT
] ? ns
->related_ns
[RELA_PARENT
]->ns_outline
:
1034 (ls
->tree
== LSNS_TREE_OWNER
) && ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
] ? ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
]->ns_outline
:
1037 warn(_("failed to add line to output"));
1041 for (i
= 0; i
< ncolumns
; i
++) {
1044 switch (get_column_id(i
)) {
1046 xasprintf(&str
, "%ju", (uintmax_t)ns
->id
);
1050 xasprintf(&str
, "%d", (int) proc
->pid
);
1054 xasprintf(&str
, "%d", (int) proc
->ppid
);
1057 xasprintf(&str
, "%s", ns_names
[ns
->type
]);
1060 xasprintf(&str
, "%d", ns
->nprocs
);
1065 str
= pid_get_cmdline(proc
->pid
);
1067 str
= pid_get_cmdname(proc
->pid
);
1072 xasprintf(&str
, "/proc/%d/ns/%s", (int) proc
->pid
, ns_names
[ns
->type
]);
1075 xasprintf(&str
, "%d", proc
? (int) proc
->uid
: (int) ns
->uid_fallback
);
1078 xasprintf(&str
, "%s", get_id(uid_cache
, proc
? proc
->uid
: ns
->uid_fallback
)->name
);
1083 if (ns
->type
== LSNS_ID_NET
)
1084 netnsid_xasputs(&str
, proc
->netnsid
);
1087 nsfs_xasputs(&str
, ns
, ls
->tab
, ls
->no_wrap
? ',' : '\n');
1090 xasprintf(&str
, "%ju", (uintmax_t)ns
->related_id
[RELA_PARENT
]);
1093 xasprintf(&str
, "%ju", (uintmax_t)ns
->related_id
[RELA_OWNER
]);
1099 if (str
&& scols_line_refer_data(line
, i
, str
) != 0)
1103 if (ls
->tree
== LSNS_TREE_OWNER
|| ls
->tree
== LSNS_TREE_PARENT
)
1104 ns
->ns_outline
= line
;
1106 proc
->outline
= line
;
1109 static struct libscols_table
*init_scols_table(struct lsns
*ls
)
1111 struct libscols_table
*tab
;
1114 tab
= scols_new_table();
1116 warn(_("failed to initialize output table"));
1120 scols_table_enable_raw(tab
, ls
->raw
);
1121 scols_table_enable_json(tab
, ls
->json
);
1122 scols_table_enable_noheadings(tab
, ls
->no_headings
);
1125 scols_table_set_name(tab
, "namespaces");
1127 for (i
= 0; i
< ncolumns
; i
++) {
1128 const struct colinfo
*col
= get_column_info(i
);
1129 int flags
= col
->flags
;
1130 struct libscols_column
*cl
;
1133 flags
&= ~SCOLS_FL_TRUNC
;
1134 if (ls
->tree
== LSNS_TREE_PROCESS
&& get_column_id(i
) == COL_COMMAND
)
1135 flags
|= SCOLS_FL_TREE
;
1137 flags
&= ~SCOLS_FL_WRAP
;
1138 if ((ls
->tree
== LSNS_TREE_OWNER
|| ls
->tree
== LSNS_TREE_PARENT
)
1139 && get_column_id(i
) == COL_NS
) {
1140 flags
|= SCOLS_FL_TREE
;
1141 flags
&= ~SCOLS_FL_RIGHT
;
1144 cl
= scols_table_new_column(tab
, col
->name
, col
->whint
, flags
);
1146 warnx(_("failed to initialize output column"));
1150 scols_column_set_json_type(cl
, col
->json_type
);
1152 if (!ls
->no_wrap
&& get_column_id(i
) == COL_NSFS
) {
1153 scols_column_set_wrapfunc(cl
,
1154 scols_wrapnl_chunksize
,
1155 scols_wrapnl_nextchunk
,
1157 scols_column_set_safechars(cl
, "\n");
1163 scols_unref_table(tab
);
1167 static void show_namespace(struct lsns
*ls
, struct libscols_table
*tab
,
1168 struct lsns_namespace
*ns
, struct lsns_process
*proc
)
1171 * create a tree from owner->owned and/or parent->child relation
1173 if (ls
->tree
== LSNS_TREE_OWNER
1174 && ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
]
1175 && !ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
]->ns_outline
)
1176 show_namespace(ls
, tab
, ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
], ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
]->proc
);
1177 else if (ls
->tree
== LSNS_TREE_PARENT
) {
1178 if (ns
->related_ns
[RELA_PARENT
]) {
1179 if (!ns
->related_ns
[RELA_PARENT
]->ns_outline
)
1180 show_namespace(ls
, tab
, ns
->related_ns
[RELA_PARENT
], ns
->related_ns
[RELA_PARENT
]->proc
);
1182 else if (ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
] && !ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
]->ns_outline
)
1183 show_namespace(ls
, tab
, ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
], ns
->related_ns
[RELA_OWNER
]->proc
);
1186 add_scols_line(ls
, tab
, ns
, proc
);
1189 static int show_namespaces(struct lsns
*ls
)
1191 struct libscols_table
*tab
;
1192 struct list_head
*p
;
1195 tab
= init_scols_table(ls
);
1199 list_for_each(p
, &ls
->namespaces
) {
1200 struct lsns_namespace
*ns
= list_entry(p
, struct lsns_namespace
, namespaces
);
1202 if (ls
->fltr_pid
!= 0 && !namespace_has_process(ns
, ls
->fltr_pid
))
1204 if (ls
->persist
&& ns
->nprocs
!= 0)
1207 if (!ns
->ns_outline
)
1208 show_namespace(ls
, tab
, ns
, ns
->proc
);
1211 scols_print_table(tab
);
1212 scols_unref_table(tab
);
1216 static void show_process(struct lsns
*ls
, struct libscols_table
*tab
,
1217 struct lsns_process
*proc
, struct lsns_namespace
*ns
)
1220 * create a tree from parent->child relation, but only if the parent is
1221 * within the same namespace
1223 if (ls
->tree
== LSNS_TREE_PROCESS
1225 && !proc
->parent
->outline
1226 && proc
->parent
->ns_ids
[ns
->type
] == proc
->ns_ids
[ns
->type
])
1227 show_process(ls
, tab
, proc
->parent
, ns
);
1229 add_scols_line(ls
, tab
, ns
, proc
);
1233 static int show_namespace_processes(struct lsns
*ls
, struct lsns_namespace
*ns
)
1235 struct libscols_table
*tab
;
1236 struct list_head
*p
;
1238 tab
= init_scols_table(ls
);
1242 list_for_each(p
, &ns
->processes
) {
1243 struct lsns_process
*proc
= list_entry(p
, struct lsns_process
, ns_siblings
[ns
->type
]);
1246 show_process(ls
, tab
, proc
, ns
);
1250 scols_print_table(tab
);
1251 scols_unref_table(tab
);
1255 static void free_lsns_process(struct lsns_process
*lsns_p
)
1260 static void free_netnsid_caches(struct netnsid_cache
*cache
)
1265 static void free_lsns_namespace(struct lsns_namespace
*lsns_n
)
1270 static void free_all(struct lsns
*ls
)
1272 list_free(&ls
->processes
, struct lsns_process
, processes
, free_lsns_process
);
1273 list_free(&netnsids_cache
, struct netnsid_cache
, netnsids
, free_netnsid_caches
);
1274 list_free(&ls
->namespaces
, struct lsns_namespace
, namespaces
, free_lsns_namespace
);
1277 static void __attribute__((__noreturn__
)) usage(void)
1282 fputs(USAGE_HEADER
, out
);
1285 _(" %s [options] [<namespace>]\n"), program_invocation_short_name
);
1287 fputs(USAGE_SEPARATOR
, out
);
1288 fputs(_("List system namespaces.\n"), out
);
1290 fputs(USAGE_OPTIONS
, out
);
1291 fputs(_(" -J, --json use JSON output format\n"), out
);
1292 fputs(_(" -l, --list use list format output\n"), out
);
1293 fputs(_(" -n, --noheadings don't print headings\n"), out
);
1294 fputs(_(" -o, --output <list> define which output columns to use\n"), out
);
1295 fputs(_(" --output-all output all columns\n"), out
);
1296 fputs(_(" -P, --persistent namespaces without processes\n"), out
);
1297 fputs(_(" -p, --task <pid> print process namespaces\n"), out
);
1298 fputs(_(" -r, --raw use the raw output format\n"), out
);
1299 fputs(_(" -u, --notruncate don't truncate text in columns\n"), out
);
1300 fputs(_(" -W, --nowrap don't use multi-line representation\n"), out
);
1301 fputs(_(" -t, --type <name> namespace type (mnt, net, ipc, user, pid, uts, cgroup, time)\n"), out
);
1302 fputs(_(" -T, --tree <rel> use tree format (parent, owner, or process)\n"), out
);
1304 fputs(USAGE_SEPARATOR
, out
);
1305 printf(USAGE_HELP_OPTIONS(24));
1307 fputs(USAGE_COLUMNS
, out
);
1308 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(infos
); i
++)
1309 fprintf(out
, " %11s %s\n", infos
[i
].name
, _(infos
[i
].help
));
1311 printf(USAGE_MAN_TAIL("lsns(8)"));
1317 int main(int argc
, char *argv
[])
1320 int c
, force_list
= 0;
1322 char *outarg
= NULL
;
1324 OPT_OUTPUT_ALL
= CHAR_MAX
+ 1
1326 static const struct option long_opts
[] = {
1327 { "json", no_argument
, NULL
, 'J' },
1328 { "task", required_argument
, NULL
, 'p' },
1329 { "help", no_argument
, NULL
, 'h' },
1330 { "output", required_argument
, NULL
, 'o' },
1331 { "output-all", no_argument
, NULL
, OPT_OUTPUT_ALL
},
1332 { "persistent", no_argument
, NULL
, 'P' },
1333 { "notruncate", no_argument
, NULL
, 'u' },
1334 { "version", no_argument
, NULL
, 'V' },
1335 { "noheadings", no_argument
, NULL
, 'n' },
1336 { "nowrap", no_argument
, NULL
, 'W' },
1337 { "list", no_argument
, NULL
, 'l' },
1338 { "raw", no_argument
, NULL
, 'r' },
1339 { "type", required_argument
, NULL
, 't' },
1340 { "tree", optional_argument
, NULL
, 'T' },
1341 { NULL
, 0, NULL
, 0 }
1344 static const ul_excl_t excl
[] = { /* rows and cols in ASCII order */
1350 int excl_st
[ARRAY_SIZE(excl
)] = UL_EXCL_STATUS_INIT
;
1353 setlocale(LC_ALL
, "");
1354 bindtextdomain(PACKAGE
, LOCALEDIR
);
1355 textdomain(PACKAGE
);
1356 close_stdout_atexit();
1359 memset(&ls
, 0, sizeof(ls
));
1361 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ls
.processes
);
1362 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ls
.namespaces
);
1363 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&netnsids_cache
);
1365 while ((c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
,
1366 "JlPp:o:nruhVt:T::W", long_opts
, NULL
)) != -1) {
1368 err_exclusive_options(c
, long_opts
, excl
, excl_st
);
1380 case OPT_OUTPUT_ALL
:
1381 for (ncolumns
= 0; ncolumns
< ARRAY_SIZE(infos
); ncolumns
++)
1382 columns
[ncolumns
] = ncolumns
;
1388 ls
.fltr_pid
= strtos32_or_err(optarg
, _("invalid PID argument"));
1394 ls
.no_wrap
= ls
.raw
= 1;
1401 int type
= ns_name2type(optarg
);
1403 errx(EXIT_FAILURE
, _("unknown namespace type: %s"), optarg
);
1404 ls
.fltr_types
[type
] = 1;
1406 if (type
== LSNS_ID_NET
)
1414 ls
.tree
= LSNS_TREE_OWNER
;
1418 if (strcmp (optarg
, "parent") == 0)
1419 ls
.tree
= LSNS_TREE_PARENT
;
1420 else if (strcmp (optarg
, "process") == 0)
1421 ls
.tree
= LSNS_TREE_PROCESS
;
1422 else if (strcmp (optarg
, "owner") != 0)
1423 errx(EXIT_FAILURE
, _("unknown tree type: %s"), optarg
);
1430 print_version(EXIT_SUCCESS
);
1432 errtryhelp(EXIT_FAILURE
);
1436 if (!ls
.fltr_ntypes
) {
1439 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(ns_names
); i
++)
1440 ls
.fltr_types
[i
] = 1;
1443 if (optind
< argc
) {
1445 errx(EXIT_FAILURE
, _("--task is mutually exclusive with <namespace>"));
1446 ls
.fltr_ns
= strtou64_or_err(argv
[optind
], _("invalid namespace argument"));
1447 if (!ls
.tree
&& !force_list
)
1448 ls
.tree
= LSNS_TREE_PROCESS
;
1451 columns
[ncolumns
++] = COL_PID
;
1452 columns
[ncolumns
++] = COL_PPID
;
1453 columns
[ncolumns
++] = COL_USER
;
1454 columns
[ncolumns
++] = COL_COMMAND
;
1459 columns
[ncolumns
++] = COL_NS
;
1460 columns
[ncolumns
++] = COL_TYPE
;
1461 columns
[ncolumns
++] = COL_NPROCS
;
1462 columns
[ncolumns
++] = COL_PID
;
1463 columns
[ncolumns
++] = COL_USER
;
1465 columns
[ncolumns
++] = COL_NETNSID
;
1466 columns
[ncolumns
++] = COL_NSFS
;
1468 columns
[ncolumns
++] = COL_COMMAND
;
1470 if (!ls
.tree
&& !force_list
)
1471 ls
.tree
= LSNS_TREE_PROCESS
;
1474 #ifndef USE_NS_GET_API
1475 if (ls
.tree
&& ls
.tree
!= LSNS_TREE_PROCESS
)
1476 errx(EXIT_FAILURE
, _("--tree={parent|owner} is unsupported for your system"));
1478 if (outarg
&& string_add_to_idarray(outarg
, columns
, ARRAY_SIZE(columns
),
1479 &ncolumns
, column_name_to_id
) < 0)
1480 return EXIT_FAILURE
;
1482 scols_init_debug(0);
1484 uid_cache
= new_idcache();
1486 err(EXIT_FAILURE
, _("failed to allocate UID cache"));
1488 #ifdef HAVE_LINUX_NET_NAMESPACE_H
1489 if (has_column(COL_NETNSID
))
1490 netlink_fd
= socket(AF_NETLINK
, SOCK_RAW
, NETLINK_ROUTE
);
1492 ls
.tab
= mnt_new_table_from_file(_PATH_PROC_MOUNTINFO
);
1494 err(MNT_EX_FAIL
, _("failed to parse %s"), _PATH_PROC_MOUNTINFO
);
1496 r
= read_processes(&ls
);
1498 r
= read_namespaces(&ls
);
1501 struct lsns_namespace
*ns
= get_namespace(&ls
, ls
.fltr_ns
);
1504 errx(EXIT_FAILURE
, _("not found namespace: %ju"), (uintmax_t) ls
.fltr_ns
);
1505 r
= show_namespace_processes(&ls
, ns
);
1507 r
= show_namespaces(&ls
);
1510 mnt_free_table(ls
.tab
);
1511 if (netlink_fd
>= 0)
1513 free_idcache(uid_cache
);
1518 case 0: return EXIT_SUCCESS
;
1519 case -ENOTTY
: return EXIT_UNSUPPORTED_IOCTL
;
1520 default: return EXIT_FAILURE
;