.\" This is in the public domain
.\" %%%LICENSE_END
.\"
-.TH LD.SO 8 2019-02-27 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.TH LD.SO 8 2019-08-02 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
ld.so, ld\-linux.so \- dynamic linker/loader
.SH SYNOPSIS
.PP
The program
.B ld.so
-handles a.out binaries, a format used long ago;
+handles a.out binaries, a binary format used long ago.
+The program
.B ld\-linux.so*
(\fI/lib/ld\-linux.so.1\fP for libc5, \fI/lib/ld\-linux.so.2\fP for glibc2)
-handles ELF,
-which everybody has been using for years now.
-Otherwise, both have the same behavior, and use the same
-support files and programs as
-.BR ldd (1),
+handles binaries that are in the more modern ELF format.
+Both programs have the same behavior, and use the same
+support files and programs
+.RB ( ldd (1),
.BR ldconfig (8),
and
-.IR /etc/ld.so.conf .
+.IR /etc/ld.so.conf ).
.PP
When resolving shared object dependencies,
the dynamic linker first inspects each dependency
.I somedir/app
could be compiled with
.IP
- gcc \-Wl,\-rpath,\(aq$ORIGIN/../lib\(aq
+.in +4n
+.EX
+gcc \-Wl,\-rpath,\(aq$ORIGIN/../lib\(aq
+.EE
+.in
.IP
so that it finds an associated shared object in
.I somedir/lib
many obsolete or only for internal use.
.TP
.BR LD_AUDIT " (since glibc 2.4)"
-A colon-separated list of user-specified, ELF shared objects
+A list of user-specified, ELF shared objects
to be loaded before all others in a separate linker namespace
(i.e., one that does not intrude upon the normal symbol bindings that
would occur in the process)
-and there is no support for escaping the separator.
These objects can be used to audit the operation of the dynamic linker.
+The items in the list are colon-separated,
+and there is no support for escaping the separator.
.IP
.B LD_AUDIT
is ignored in secure-execution mode.
or calling a symbol from another shared object\(emby
calling an appropriate function within the audit shared object.
For details, see
-.BR rtld-audit (7).
+.BR rtld\-audit (7).
The auditing interface is largely compatible with that provided on Solaris,
as described in its
.IR "Linker and Libraries Guide" ,
.B LD_PREFER_MAP_32BIT_EXEC
is always disabled in secure-execution mode.
.SH FILES
-.PD 0
.TP
.I /lib/ld.so
a.out dynamic linker/loader
.TP
.I lib*.so*
shared objects
-.PD
.SH NOTES
.SS Hardware capabilities
Some shared objects are compiled using hardware-specific instructions which do
Hardware capability directories can be cascaded to combine CPU features.
The list of supported hardware capability names depends on the CPU.
The following names are currently recognized:
+.\" Presumably, this info comes from sysdeps/i386/dl-procinfo.c and
+.\" similar files
.TP
.B Alpha
ev4, ev5, ev56, ev6, ev67
.BR getauxval (3),
.BR elf (5),
.BR capabilities (7),
-.BR rtld-audit (7),
+.BR rtld\-audit (7),
.BR ldconfig (8),
.BR sln (8)
.\" .SH AUTHORS