.\" phone: (302)654-5478
.\"
.\" $Id: initrd.4,v 0.9 1997/11/07 05:05:32 kallal Exp kallal $
-.TH INITRD 4 2007-11-26 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
+.TH INITRD 4 2009-04-04 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
initrd \- boot loader initialized RAM disk
.SH CONFIGURATION
The special file
.I /dev/initrd
is a read-only block device.
-Device
-.I /dev/initrd
-is a RAM disk that is initialized (e.g., loaded) by the boot loader before
-the kernel is started.
-The kernel then can use the block device
+This device is a RAM disk that is initialized (e.g., loaded)
+by the boot loader before the kernel is started.
+The kernel then can use
.IR /dev/initrd "'s "
-contents for a two phased system boot-up.
+contents for a two-phase system boot-up.
.PP
In the first boot-up phase, the kernel starts up
-and mounts an initial root file-system from the contents
-of
+and mounts an initial root file-system from the contents of
.I /dev/initrd
(e.g., RAM disk initialized by the boot loader).
In the second phase, additional drivers or other modules
and then frees the memory used by
.IR /dev/initrd .
.IP 3.
-The kernel then read-write mounts device
+The kernel then read-write mounts the device
.I /dev/ram0
as the initial root file system.
.IP 4.
-If the indicated normal root file system is also the initial root file-system
-(e.g.
-.I /dev/ram0
-) then the kernel skips to the last step for the usual boot sequence.
+If the indicated normal root file system is also the initial
+root file-system (e.g.
+.IR /dev/ram0 )
+then the kernel skips to the last step for the usual boot sequence.
.IP 5.
If the executable file
.IR /linuxrc
.BR UNSPECIFIED .
See the NOTES section for the current kernel behavior.)
.IP 7.
-If the normal root file system has directory
+If the normal root file system has a directory
.IR /initrd ,
-device
+the device
.I /dev/ram0
is moved from
.IR /
to
.IR /initrd .
-Otherwise if directory
+Otherwise if the directory
.IR /initrd
-does not exist device
+does not exist, the device
.I /dev/ram0
is unmounted.
(When moved from
.IR /dev/ram0 .
If directory
.I /initrd
-does not exist on the normal root file-system
+does not exist on the normal root file system
and any processes remain running from
.IR /dev/ram0
when
.\"
.\"
.SS Options
-The following boot loader options when used with
+The following boot loader options, when used with
.BR initrd ,
affect the kernel's boot-up operation:
.TP
option will typically be a gzipped file-system image.
.TP
.I noinitrd
-This boot time option disables the two phase boot-up operation.
+This boot option disables the two-phase boot-up operation.
The kernel performs the usual boot sequence as if
.I /dev/initrd
was not initialized.
or compiled into the kernel file),
or the boot loader option setting
is used for the normal root file systems.
-For a NFS-mounted normal root file system, one has to use the
+For an NFS-mounted normal root file system, one has to use the
.B nfs_root_name
and
.B nfs_root_addrs
boot options to give the NFS settings.
For more information on NFS-mounted root see the kernel documentation file
-.BR nfsroot.txt .
-For more information on setting the root file system also see the
+.BR Documentation/filesystems/nfsroot.txt .
+For more information on setting the root file system see also the
.BR LILO
and
LOADLIN
.I /linuxrc
write the new root file system device number into
.IR /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev .
-For a NFS root file system, the root device is changed by having
+For an NFS root file system, the root device is changed by having
.I /linuxrc
write the NFS setting into files
.IR /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name
echo 0x365 >/proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev
.fi
-For a NFS example, the following shell command lines would change the
+For an NFS example, the following shell command lines would change the
normal root device to the NFS directory
.I /var/nfsroot
on a local networked NFS server with IP number 193.8.232.7 for a system with
determines what is needed to (1) mount the normal root file-system
(i.e., device type, device drivers, file system) and (2) the
distribution media (e.g., CD-ROM, network, tape, ...).
-This can be
-done by asking the user, by auto-probing, or by using a hybrid
-approach.
+This can be done by asking the user, by auto-probing,
+or by using a hybrid approach.
.IP 3.
The executable
.I /linuxrc