intro.1, ldd.1, clone.2, getgroups.2, getpid.2, getsockopt.2, ioctl_list.2, msgop.2, open.2, seccomp.2, setgid.2, setresuid.2, setreuid.2, setuid.2, sigaction.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2, sigreturn.2, sigsuspend.2, sigwaitinfo.2, socket.2, syscall.2, syscalls.2, umount.2, clock.3, dlopen.3, fmemopen.3, fpathconf.3, fputwc.3, fputws.3, fseek.3, fseeko.3, gcvt.3, getline.3, getwchar.3, hypot.3, if_nameindex.3, initgroups.3, popen.3, resolver.3, strcoll.3, strdup.3, tzset.3, ulimit.3, wcstombs.3, wctob.3, xdr.3, console_codes.4, random.4, filesystems.5, host.conf.5, hosts.5, proc.5, resolv.conf.5, securetty.5, credentials.7, feature_test_macros.7, hier.7, ipv6.7, packet.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, signal.7, tcp.7, user_namespaces.7, ld.so.8, ldconfig.8: tstamp

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

Changes: Ready for 3.82

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

syscall.2: ffix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

syscall.2: Minor edtis to Jann Horn's patch

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

syscall.2: Add x32 ABI

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

seccomp.2: Minor edits to Jann Horn's patch

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

seccomp.2: Explain blacklisting problems, expand example

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

raw.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

nptl.7: wfix

Reported-by: Bert Wesarg <bert.wesarg@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sigsetops.3: Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL

The glibc sigfillset() function excludes the two real-time
signals used by NPTL.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

pthread_sigqueue.3: Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL

The glibc pthread_sigqueue() function gives an error on attempts
to send either of the real-time signals used by NPTL.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

pthread_kill.3: Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL

The glibc pthread_kill() function gives an error on attempts
to send either of the real-time signals used by NPTL.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sigaction.2: Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL

The glibc wrapper gives an EINVAL error on attempts to change the
disposition of either of the two real-time signals used by NPTL.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

pthread_sigmask.3: Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL

The glibc implementation silently ignores attempts to block the two
real-time signals used by NPTL.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sigprocmask.2: Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL

The glibc wrapper silently ignores attempts to block the two
real-time signals used by NPTL.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sigwait.3: Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL

The glibc sigwait() silently ignore attempts to wait for
signals used by NPTL.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sigwaitinfo.2: Note treatment of signals used internally by NPTL

The glibc wrappers silently ignore attempts to wait for
signals used by NPTL.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

setuid.2: Add discussion of NPTL credential-changing mechanism

At the kernel level, credentials (UIDs and GIDs) are a per-thread
attribute. NPTL uses a signal-based mechanism to ensure that
when one thread changes its credentials, all other threads change
credentials to the same values. By this means, the NPTL
implementation conforms to the POSIX requirement that the threads
in a process share credentials.

Reported-by: Shawn Landden <shawn@churchofgit.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

setreuid.2: Add discussion of NPTL credential-changing mechanism

At the kernel level, credentials (UIDs and GIDs) are a per-thread
attribute. NPTL uses a signal-based mechanism to ensure that
when one thread changes its credentials, all other threads change
credentials to the same values. By this means, the NPTL
implementation conforms to the POSIX requirement that the threads
in a process share credentials.

Reported-by: Shawn Landden <shawn@churchofgit.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

setresuid.2: Add discussion of NPTL credential-changing mechanism

At the kernel level, credentials (UIDs and GIDs) are a per-thread
attribute. NPTL uses a signal-based mechanism to ensure that
when one thread changes its credentials, all other threads change
credentials to the same values. By this means, the NPTL
implementation conforms to the POSIX requirement that the threads
in a process share credentials.

Reported-by: Shawn Landden <shawn@churchofgit.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

setgid.2: Add discussion of NPTL credential-changing mechanism

At the kernel level, credentials (UIDs and GIDs) are a per-thread
attribute. NPTL uses a signal-based mechanism to ensure that
when one thread changes its credentials, all other threads change
credentials to the same values. By this means, the NPTL
implementation conforms to the POSIX requirement that the threads
in a process share credentials.

Reported-by: Shawn Landden <shawn@churchofgit.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

getgroups.2: Add discussion of NPTL credential-changing mechanism

At the kernel level, credentials (UIDs and GIDs) are a per-thread
attribute. NPTL uses a signal-based mechanism to ensure that
when one thread changes its credentials, all other threads change
credentials to the same values. By this means, the NPTL
implementation conforms to the POSIX requirement that the threads
in a process share credentials.

Reported-by: Shawn Landden <shawn@churchofgit.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

signal.7: SEE ALSO: add nptl(7)

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

pthreads.7: Add references to nptl(7)

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

credentials.7: Add reference to nptl(7)

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

nptl.7: New page with details of the NPTL POSIX threads implementation

socket.7: wfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

ip.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

raw.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

raw.7: Rephrase "Linux 2.2" language to "Linux 2.2 or later"

The man page was written in the LInux 2.2 timeframe, and
some phrasing was not future-proof.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

packet.7: Rework description of fanout algorithms as list

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

packet.7: Rework description of 'sockaddr_ll' fields as a list

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

packet.7: Remove text about ancient glibc not defining SOL_PACKET

This was fixed in glibc 2.1.1, which is a long while ago.
And in any case, there is nothing special about this case;
it's just one of those times when glibc lags.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

packet.7: Various minor edits

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

packet.7: Remove mention of needing UID 0 to create packet socket

The existing text makes no sense. The check is based
purely on a capability check. (Kernel function
net/packet/af_packet.c::packet_create()

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

ld.so.8: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

symlink.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

cpuset.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

man.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

packet.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

bootparam.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

nsswitch.conf.5: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

printf.3: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

raw.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

console_codes.4: Update timestamp

Actually a dummy commit to mark the fact that I mashed commit
e8db1b97ebec23aaa8b81b8d93c5a174bb644ca7 to have the wrong
author. Come release time, I'll at least fix the Changelog
to note that the author was Scot Doyle.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

getpid.2: Note that getppid() returns 0 if parent is in different PID namespace

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

ipv6.7: Tweaks to Stéphane Aulery's patch

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

ipv6.7: SOL_IPV6 and other SOL_* options socket are not portable

See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=472447

Reported-by: David Madore <david.madore@ens.fr>
Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

hier.7: Document /initrd, /lost+found and /sys

Ubuntu Bug #70094 reported by Brian Beck
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/70094

Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

boot.7: Minor fixes to Michael Witten's patch

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

boot.7: Mention `systemd(1)' and its related `bootup(7)'

It's important that the reader receive contemporary information.

Signed-off-by: Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

boot.7: Copy edit

While a lot of the changes are issues of presentation,
there are also issues of grammar and punctuation.

Signed-off-by: Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

rint.3: Document that halfway cases are rounded to even

Per IEEE-754 rounding rules.

The round(3) page describes the behavior of rint and nearbyint
in the halfway cases by saying:

    These functions round x to the nearest integer, but round
    halfway cases away from zero [...], instead of to the
    nearest even integer like rint(3)

Signed-off-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

seccomp.2: Minor fixes to Jann Horn's patch

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

seccomp.2: Add note about alarm(2) not being sufficient to limit runtime

On Wed, Mar 11, 2015 at 10:43:50PM +0100, Mikael Pettersson wrote:
> Jann Horn writes:
>  > Or should I throw this patch away and write a patch
>  > for the prctl() manpage instead that documents that
>  > being able to call sigreturn() implies being able to
>  > effectively call sigprocmask(), at least on some
>  > architectures like X86?
>
> Well, that is the semantics of sigreturn().  It is essentially
> setcontext() [which includes the actions of sigprocmask()], but
> with restrictions on parameter placement (at least on x86).
>
> You could introduce some setting to restrict that aspect for
> seccomp processes, but you can't change this for normal processes
> without breaking things.

Then I think it's probably better and easier to just document the
existing behavior? If a new setting would have to be introduced
and developers would need to be aware of that, it's probably
easier to just tell everyone to use SIGKILL.

Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Mikael Pettersson <mikpelinux@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

hosts.5: Mention 127.0.1.1 for FQDN and IPv6 examples

See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=562890

Reported-by: Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.net>
Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

ioctl_list.2: srcfix

Fix a warning of groff: line 527: warning [p 6, 2.3i]: cannot adjust line

Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

syscall.2: ffix

Fix a warning of groff: line 192: warning [p 2, 4.7i]: cannot adjust line

Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

tcp.7: Minor fixes to Peter Adkins patch

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

tcp.7: Document removal of TCP_SYNQ_HSIZE

Looking over the man page for 'tcp' I came across a reference to
tuning the 'TCP_SYNQ_HSIZE' parameter when increasing
'tcp_max_syn_backlog' above 1024. However, this static sizing was
removed back in Linux 2.6.20 in favor of dynamic scaling - as
part of commit 72a3effaf633bcae9034b7e176bdbd78d64a71db.

I have included a patch below with reference to this commit, and
that the process detailed is not required on >= Linux 2.6.20.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

setreuid.2: Minor wording fixes

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

seteuid.2: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

setgid.2: Clarify that setgid() changes all GIDs when caller has CAP_SETGID

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

setuid.2: Clarify that setuid() changes all UIDs when caller has CAP_SETUID

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sigsetops.3: wfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sigaction.2: grfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

tzset.3: Add 'std' quoting information

Signed-off-by: J William Piggott <elseifthen@gmx.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

socket.2: SEE ALSO close(2)

The description mentions close(2). Hence it should also be referenced
in the SEE ALSO section.

Signed-off-by: Heinrich Schuchardt <xypron.glpk@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

hier.7: Add missing directories defined by FHS 2.3

Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

hier.7: SGML and XML directories are separated in FHS 2.3

Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

hier.7: Identify which directories are optional

Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

hier.7: Explain YP, which is not obvious

Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

hier.7: First patch of a series to achieve compliance with FHS 2.3

Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

attributes.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

inotify.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fanotify.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

stat.2: tfix

Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

setpgid.2: tfix

Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

find_repeated_words.sh: Do not process files that are redirects

Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

aio_return.3: Document the return value on error

Reported by Alexander Holler <holler@ahsoftware.de>
Signed-off-by: Stéphane Aulery <saulery@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

open.2: Mention blocking semantics for FIFO opens

See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=95191

Reported-by: Jason Vas Dias <jason.vas.dias@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

gcvt.3: ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe

The marking matches glibc marking.

Signed-off-by: Ma Shimiao <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

ulimit.3: ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe

The marking matches glibc marking.

Signed-off-by: Ma Shimiao <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe

The markings match glibc markings.

Signed-off-by: Ma Shimiao <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fpathconf.3: ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe

The marking matches glibc marking.

Signed-off-by: Ma Shimiao <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fputwc.3: ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe

The marking matches glibc marking.

Signed-off-by: Ma Shimiao <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

getline.3: ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe

The marking matches glibc marking.

Signed-off-by: Ma Shimiao <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fputws.3: ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe

The marking matches glibc marking.

Signed-off-by: Ma Shimiao <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

if_nameindex.3: ATTRIBUTES: Note functions that are thread-safe

The markings match glibc markings.

Signed-off-by: Ma Shimiao <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

iconv_open.3: ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe

The marking matches glibc marking.

Signed-off-by: Ma Shimiao <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

initgroups.3: ATTRIBUTES: Note function that is thread-safe

The markings match glibc markings.

Signed-off-by: Ma Shimiao <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

setreuid.2: SEE ALSO: add credentials(7)

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

capabilities.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

capabilities.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

capabilities.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

credentials.7: SEE ALSO: add pthreads(7)

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sigwaitinfo.2: Add discussion of rt_sigtimedwait(2)

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sigsuspend.2: Add discussion of rt_sigsuspend(2)

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sigreturn.2: Add discussion of rt_sigreturn(2)

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sigprocmask.2: Add discussion of rt_sigprocmask(2)

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>