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load-fragment: simplify fragment loading code by using macros
[people/ms/systemd.git] / util.c
CommitLineData
60918275
LP		 1/*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8 -*-*/
2
a7334b09
LP		 3/***
4 This file is part of systemd.
5
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
7
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
12
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 General Public License for more details.
17
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
20***/
21
60918275
LP		 22#include <assert.h>
23#include <string.h>
24#include <unistd.h>
25#include <errno.h>
85261803 26#include <stdlib.h>
034c6ed7
LP		 27#include <signal.h>
28#include <stdio.h>
1dccbe19
LP		 29#include <syslog.h>
30#include <sched.h>
31#include <sys/resource.h>
ef886c6a 32#include <linux/sched.h>
a9f5d454
LP		 33#include <sys/types.h>
34#include <sys/stat.h>
3a0ecb08 35#include <fcntl.h>
a0d40ac5 36#include <dirent.h>
601f6a1e
LP		 37#include <sys/ioctl.h>
38#include <linux/vt.h>
39#include <linux/tiocl.h>
80876c20
LP		 40#include <termios.h>
41#include <stdarg.h>
42#include <sys/inotify.h>
43#include <sys/poll.h>
60918275
LP		 44
45#include "macro.h"
46#include "util.h"
1dccbe19
LP		 47#include "ioprio.h"
48#include "missing.h"
a9f5d454 49#include "log.h"
65d2ebdc 50#include "strv.h"
60918275 51
e05797fb
LP		 52bool streq_ptr(const char *a, const char *b) {
53
54 /* Like streq(), but tries to make sense of NULL pointers */
55
56 if (a && b)
57 return streq(a, b);
58
59 if (!a && !b)
60 return true;
61
62 return false;
63}
64
47be870b 65usec_t now(clockid_t clock_id) {
60918275
LP		 66 struct timespec ts;
67
47be870b 68 assert_se(clock_gettime(clock_id, &ts) == 0);
60918275
LP		 69
70 return timespec_load(&ts);
71}
72
73usec_t timespec_load(const struct timespec *ts) {
74 assert(ts);
75
76 return
77 (usec_t) ts->tv_sec * USEC_PER_SEC +
78 (usec_t) ts->tv_nsec / NSEC_PER_USEC;
79}
80
81struct timespec *timespec_store(struct timespec *ts, usec_t u) {
82 assert(ts);
83
84 ts->tv_sec = (time_t) (u / USEC_PER_SEC);
85 ts->tv_nsec = (long int) ((u % USEC_PER_SEC) * NSEC_PER_USEC);
86
87 return ts;
88}
89
90usec_t timeval_load(const struct timeval *tv) {
91 assert(tv);
92
93 return
94 (usec_t) tv->tv_sec * USEC_PER_SEC +
95 (usec_t) tv->tv_usec;
96}
97
98struct timeval *timeval_store(struct timeval *tv, usec_t u) {
99 assert(tv);
100
101 tv->tv_sec = (time_t) (u / USEC_PER_SEC);
102 tv->tv_usec = (suseconds_t) (u % USEC_PER_SEC);
103
104 return tv;
105}
106
107bool endswith(const char *s, const char *postfix) {
108 size_t sl, pl;
109
110 assert(s);
111 assert(postfix);
112
113 sl = strlen(s);
114 pl = strlen(postfix);
115
116 if (sl < pl)
117 return false;
118
119 return memcmp(s + sl - pl, postfix, pl) == 0;
120}
121
122bool startswith(const char *s, const char *prefix) {
123 size_t sl, pl;
124
125 assert(s);
126 assert(prefix);
127
128 sl = strlen(s);
129 pl = strlen(prefix);
130
131 if (sl < pl)
132 return false;
133
134 return memcmp(s, prefix, pl) == 0;
135}
136
79d6d816
LP		 137bool first_word(const char *s, const char *word) {
138 size_t sl, wl;
139
140 assert(s);
141 assert(word);
142
143 sl = strlen(s);
144 wl = strlen(word);
145
146 if (sl < wl)
147 return false;
148
149 if (memcmp(s, word, wl) != 0)
150 return false;
151
152 return (s[wl] == 0 ||
153 strchr(WHITESPACE, s[wl]));
154}
155
42f4e3c4 156int close_nointr(int fd) {
60918275
LP		 157 assert(fd >= 0);
158
159 for (;;) {
160 int r;
161
162 if ((r = close(fd)) >= 0)
163 return r;
164
165 if (errno != EINTR)
166 return r;
167 }
168}
85261803 169
85f136b5 170void close_nointr_nofail(int fd) {
80876c20 171 int saved_errno = errno;
85f136b5
LP		 172
173 /* like close_nointr() but cannot fail, and guarantees errno
174 * is unchanged */
175
176 assert_se(close_nointr(fd) == 0);
80876c20
LP		 177
178 errno = saved_errno;
85f136b5
LP		 179}
180
85261803
LP		 181int parse_boolean(const char *v) {
182 assert(v);
183
44d8db9e 184 if (streq(v, "1") || v[0] == 'y' || v[0] == 'Y' || v[0] == 't' || v[0] == 'T' || !strcasecmp(v, "on"))
85261803 185 return 1;
44d8db9e 186 else if (streq(v, "0") || v[0] == 'n' || v[0] == 'N' || v[0] == 'f' || v[0] == 'F' || !strcasecmp(v, "off"))
85261803
LP		 187 return 0;
188
189 return -EINVAL;
190}
191
192int safe_atou(const char *s, unsigned *ret_u) {
193 char *x = NULL;
034c6ed7 194 unsigned long l;
85261803
LP		 195
196 assert(s);
197 assert(ret_u);
198
199 errno = 0;
200 l = strtoul(s, &x, 0);
201
202 if (!x || *x || errno)
203 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
204
034c6ed7 205 if ((unsigned long) (unsigned) l != l)
85261803
LP		 206 return -ERANGE;
207
208 *ret_u = (unsigned) l;
209 return 0;
210}
211
212int safe_atoi(const char *s, int *ret_i) {
213 char *x = NULL;
034c6ed7 214 long l;
85261803
LP		 215
216 assert(s);
217 assert(ret_i);
218
219 errno = 0;
220 l = strtol(s, &x, 0);
221
222 if (!x || *x || errno)
223 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
224
034c6ed7 225 if ((long) (int) l != l)
85261803
LP		 226 return -ERANGE;
227
034c6ed7
LP		 228 *ret_i = (int) l;
229 return 0;
230}
231
232int safe_atolu(const char *s, long unsigned *ret_lu) {
233 char *x = NULL;
234 unsigned long l;
235
236 assert(s);
237 assert(ret_lu);
238
239 errno = 0;
240 l = strtoul(s, &x, 0);
241
242 if (!x || *x || errno)
243 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
244
245 *ret_lu = l;
246 return 0;
247}
248
249int safe_atoli(const char *s, long int *ret_li) {
250 char *x = NULL;
251 long l;
252
253 assert(s);
254 assert(ret_li);
255
256 errno = 0;
257 l = strtol(s, &x, 0);
258
259 if (!x || *x || errno)
260 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
261
262 *ret_li = l;
263 return 0;
264}
265
266int safe_atollu(const char *s, long long unsigned *ret_llu) {
267 char *x = NULL;
268 unsigned long long l;
269
270 assert(s);
271 assert(ret_llu);
272
273 errno = 0;
274 l = strtoull(s, &x, 0);
275
276 if (!x || *x || errno)
277 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
278
279 *ret_llu = l;
280 return 0;
281}
282
283int safe_atolli(const char *s, long long int *ret_lli) {
284 char *x = NULL;
285 long long l;
286
287 assert(s);
288 assert(ret_lli);
289
290 errno = 0;
291 l = strtoll(s, &x, 0);
292
293 if (!x || *x || errno)
294 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
295
296 *ret_lli = l;
85261803
LP		 297 return 0;
298}
a41e8209 299
a41e8209 300/* Split a string into words. */
65d2ebdc 301char *split(const char *c, size_t *l, const char *separator, char **state) {
a41e8209
LP		 302 char *current;
303
304 current = *state ? *state : (char*) c;
305
306 if (!*current || *c == 0)
307 return NULL;
308
65d2ebdc
LP		 309 current += strspn(current, separator);
310 *l = strcspn(current, separator);
82919e3d
LP		 311 *state = current+*l;
312
313 return (char*) current;
314}
315
034c6ed7
LP		 316/* Split a string into words, but consider strings enclosed in '' and
317 * "" as words even if they include spaces. */
318char *split_quoted(const char *c, size_t *l, char **state) {
319 char *current;
320
321 current = *state ? *state : (char*) c;
322
323 if (!*current || *c == 0)
324 return NULL;
325
326 current += strspn(current, WHITESPACE);
327
328 if (*current == '\'') {
329 current ++;
330 *l = strcspn(current, "'");
331 *state = current+*l;
332
333 if (**state == '\'')
334 (*state)++;
335 } else if (*current == '\"') {
336 current ++;
b858b600 337 *l = strcspn(current, "\"");
034c6ed7
LP		 338 *state = current+*l;
339
340 if (**state == '\"')
341 (*state)++;
342 } else {
343 *l = strcspn(current, WHITESPACE);
344 *state = current+*l;
345 }
346
44d8db9e
LP		 347 /* FIXME: Cannot deal with strings that have spaces AND ticks
348 * in them */
349
034c6ed7
LP		 350 return (char*) current;
351}
352
65d2ebdc
LP		 353char **split_path_and_make_absolute(const char *p) {
354 char **l;
355 assert(p);
356
357 if (!(l = strv_split(p, ":")))
358 return NULL;
359
360 if (!strv_path_make_absolute_cwd(l)) {
361 strv_free(l);
362 return NULL;
363 }
364
365 return l;
366}
367
034c6ed7
LP		 368int get_parent_of_pid(pid_t pid, pid_t *_ppid) {
369 int r;
370 FILE *f;
371 char fn[132], line[256], *p;
372 long long unsigned ppid;
373
374 assert(pid >= 0);
375 assert(_ppid);
376
377 assert_se(snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn)-1, "/proc/%llu/stat", (unsigned long long) pid) < (int) (sizeof(fn)-1));
378 fn[sizeof(fn)-1] = 0;
379
380 if (!(f = fopen(fn, "r")))
381 return -errno;
382
383 if (!(fgets(line, sizeof(line), f))) {
384 r = -errno;
385 fclose(f);
386 return r;
387 }
388
389 fclose(f);
390
391 /* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed
392 * in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's
393 * skip over it manually */
394
395 if (!(p = strrchr(line, ')')))
396 return -EIO;
397
398 p++;
399
400 if (sscanf(p, " "
401 "%*c " /* state */
402 "%llu ", /* ppid */
403 &ppid) != 1)
404 return -EIO;
405
406 if ((long long unsigned) (pid_t) ppid != ppid)
407 return -ERANGE;
408
409 *_ppid = (pid_t) ppid;
410
411 return 0;
412}
413
414int write_one_line_file(const char *fn, const char *line) {
415 FILE *f;
416 int r;
417
418 assert(fn);
419 assert(line);
420
421 if (!(f = fopen(fn, "we")))
422 return -errno;
423
424 if (fputs(line, f) < 0) {
425 r = -errno;
426 goto finish;
427 }
428
429 r = 0;
430finish:
431 fclose(f);
432 return r;
433}
434
435int read_one_line_file(const char *fn, char **line) {
436 FILE *f;
437 int r;
11316633 438 char t[2048], *c;
034c6ed7
LP		 439
440 assert(fn);
441 assert(line);
442
443 if (!(f = fopen(fn, "re")))
444 return -errno;
445
446 if (!(fgets(t, sizeof(t), f))) {
447 r = -errno;
448 goto finish;
449 }
450
451 if (!(c = strdup(t))) {
452 r = -ENOMEM;
453 goto finish;
454 }
455
456 *line = c;
457 r = 0;
458
459finish:
460 fclose(f);
461 return r;
462}
44d8db9e 463
7072ced8
LP		 464char *truncate_nl(char *s) {
465 assert(s);
466
467 s[strcspn(s, NEWLINE)] = 0;
468 return s;
469}
470
471int get_process_name(pid_t pid, char **name) {
472 char *p;
473 int r;
474
475 assert(pid >= 1);
476 assert(name);
477
478 if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%llu/comm", (unsigned long long) pid) < 0)
479 return -ENOMEM;
480
481 r = read_one_line_file(p, name);
482 free(p);
483
484 if (r < 0)
485 return r;
486
487 truncate_nl(*name);
488 return 0;
489}
490
44d8db9e
LP		 491char *strappend(const char *s, const char *suffix) {
492 size_t a, b;
493 char *r;
494
495 assert(s);
496 assert(suffix);
497
498 a = strlen(s);
499 b = strlen(suffix);
500
501 if (!(r = new(char, a+b+1)))
502 return NULL;
503
504 memcpy(r, s, a);
505 memcpy(r+a, suffix, b);
506 r[a+b] = 0;
507
508 return r;
509}
87f0e418
LP		 510
511int readlink_malloc(const char *p, char **r) {
512 size_t l = 100;
513
514 assert(p);
515 assert(r);
516
517 for (;;) {
518 char *c;
519 ssize_t n;
520
521 if (!(c = new(char, l)))
522 return -ENOMEM;
523
524 if ((n = readlink(p, c, l-1)) < 0) {
525 int ret = -errno;
526 free(c);
527 return ret;
528 }
529
530 if ((size_t) n < l-1) {
531 c[n] = 0;
532 *r = c;
533 return 0;
534 }
535
536 free(c);
537 l *= 2;
538 }
539}
540
541char *file_name_from_path(const char *p) {
542 char *r;
543
544 assert(p);
545
546 if ((r = strrchr(p, '/')))
547 return r + 1;
548
549 return (char*) p;
550}
0301abf4
LP		 551
552bool path_is_absolute(const char *p) {
553 assert(p);
554
555 return p[0] == '/';
556}
557
558bool is_path(const char *p) {
559
560 return !!strchr(p, '/');
561}
562
563char *path_make_absolute(const char *p, const char *prefix) {
564 char *r;
565
566 assert(p);
567
65d2ebdc
LP		 568 /* Makes every item in the list an absolute path by prepending
569 * the prefix, if specified and necessary */
570
0301abf4
LP		 571 if (path_is_absolute(p) || !prefix)
572 return strdup(p);
573
574 if (asprintf(&r, "%s/%s", prefix, p) < 0)
575 return NULL;
576
577 return r;
578}
2a987ee8 579
65d2ebdc
LP		 580char *path_make_absolute_cwd(const char *p) {
581 char *cwd, *r;
582
583 assert(p);
584
585 /* Similar to path_make_absolute(), but prefixes with the
586 * current working directory. */
587
588 if (path_is_absolute(p))
589 return strdup(p);
590
591 if (!(cwd = get_current_dir_name()))
592 return NULL;
593
594 r = path_make_absolute(p, cwd);
595 free(cwd);
596
597 return r;
598}
599
600char **strv_path_make_absolute_cwd(char **l) {
601 char **s;
602
603 /* Goes through every item in the string list and makes it
604 * absolute. This works in place and won't rollback any
605 * changes on failure. */
606
607 STRV_FOREACH(s, l) {
608 char *t;
609
610 if (!(t = path_make_absolute_cwd(*s)))
611 return NULL;
612
613 free(*s);
614 *s = t;
615 }
616
617 return l;
618}
619
2a987ee8
LP		 620int reset_all_signal_handlers(void) {
621 int sig;
622
623 for (sig = 1; sig < _NSIG; sig++) {
624 struct sigaction sa;
625
626 if (sig == SIGKILL || sig == SIGSTOP)
627 continue;
628
629 zero(sa);
630 sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
431c32bf 631 sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
2a987ee8
LP		 632
633 /* On Linux the first two RT signals are reserved by
634 * glibc, and sigaction() will return EINVAL for them. */
635 if ((sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0))
636 if (errno != EINVAL)
637 return -errno;
638 }
639
8e274523 640 return 0;
2a987ee8 641}
4a72ff34
LP		 642
643char *strstrip(char *s) {
644 char *e, *l = NULL;
645
646 /* Drops trailing whitespace. Modifies the string in
647 * place. Returns pointer to first non-space character */
648
649 s += strspn(s, WHITESPACE);
650
651 for (e = s; *e; e++)
652 if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, *e))
653 l = e;
654
655 if (l)
656 *(l+1) = 0;
657 else
658 *s = 0;
659
660 return s;
661
662}
663
ee9b5e01
LP		 664char *delete_chars(char *s, const char *bad) {
665 char *f, *t;
666
667 /* Drops all whitespace, regardless where in the string */
668
669 for (f = s, t = s; *f; f++) {
670 if (strchr(bad, *f))
671 continue;
672
673 *(t++) = *f;
674 }
675
676 *t = 0;
677
678 return s;
679}
680
4a72ff34
LP		 681char *file_in_same_dir(const char *path, const char *filename) {
682 char *e, *r;
683 size_t k;
684
685 assert(path);
686 assert(filename);
687
688 /* This removes the last component of path and appends
689 * filename, unless the latter is absolute anyway or the
690 * former isn't */
691
692 if (path_is_absolute(filename))
693 return strdup(filename);
694
695 if (!(e = strrchr(path, '/')))
696 return strdup(filename);
697
698 k = strlen(filename);
699 if (!(r = new(char, e-path+1+k+1)))
700 return NULL;
701
702 memcpy(r, path, e-path+1);
703 memcpy(r+(e-path)+1, filename, k+1);
704
705 return r;
706}
fb624d04 707
a9f5d454
LP		 708int mkdir_parents(const char *path, mode_t mode) {
709 const char *p, *e;
710
711 assert(path);
712
713 /* Creates every parent directory in the path except the last
714 * component. */
715
716 p = path + strspn(path, "/");
717 for (;;) {
718 int r;
719 char *t;
720
721 e = p + strcspn(p, "/");
722 p = e + strspn(e, "/");
723
724 /* Is this the last component? If so, then we're
725 * done */
726 if (*p == 0)
727 return 0;
728
729 if (!(t = strndup(path, e - path)))
730 return -ENOMEM;
731
732 r = mkdir(t, mode);
733
734 free(t);
735
736 if (r < 0 && errno != EEXIST)
737 return -errno;
738 }
739}
740
bbd67135
LP		 741int mkdir_p(const char *path, mode_t mode) {
742 int r;
743
744 /* Like mkdir -p */
745
746 if ((r = mkdir_parents(path, mode)) < 0)
747 return r;
748
749 if (mkdir(path, mode) < 0)
750 return -errno;
751
752 return 0;
753}
754
fb624d04
LP		 755char hexchar(int x) {
756 static const char table[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
757
758 return table[x & 15];
759}
4fe88d28
LP		 760
761int unhexchar(char c) {
762
763 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
764 return c - '0';
765
766 if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
ea430986 767 return c - 'a' + 10;
4fe88d28
LP		 768
769 if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
ea430986 770 return c - 'A' + 10;
4fe88d28
LP		 771
772 return -1;
773}
774
775char octchar(int x) {
776 return '0' + (x & 7);
777}
778
779int unoctchar(char c) {
780
781 if (c >= '0' && c <= '7')
782 return c - '0';
783
784 return -1;
785}
786
5af98f82
LP		 787char decchar(int x) {
788 return '0' + (x % 10);
789}
790
791int undecchar(char c) {
792
793 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
794 return c - '0';
795
796 return -1;
797}
798
4fe88d28
LP		 799char *cescape(const char *s) {
800 char *r, *t;
801 const char *f;
802
803 assert(s);
804
805 /* Does C style string escaping. */
806
807 if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*4 + 1)))
808 return NULL;
809
810 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++)
811
812 switch (*f) {
813
814 case '\a':
815 *(t++) = '\\';
816 *(t++) = 'a';
817 break;
818 case '\b':
819 *(t++) = '\\';
820 *(t++) = 'b';
821 break;
822 case '\f':
823 *(t++) = '\\';
824 *(t++) = 'f';
825 break;
826 case '\n':
827 *(t++) = '\\';
828 *(t++) = 'n';
829 break;
830 case '\r':
831 *(t++) = '\\';
832 *(t++) = 'r';
833 break;
834 case '\t':
835 *(t++) = '\\';
836 *(t++) = 't';
837 break;
838 case '\v':
839 *(t++) = '\\';
840 *(t++) = 'v';
841 break;
842 case '\\':
843 *(t++) = '\\';
844 *(t++) = '\\';
845 break;
846 case '"':
847 *(t++) = '\\';
848 *(t++) = '"';
849 break;
850 case '\'':
851 *(t++) = '\\';
852 *(t++) = '\'';
853 break;
854
855 default:
856 /* For special chars we prefer octal over
857 * hexadecimal encoding, simply because glib's
858 * g_strescape() does the same */
859 if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127)) {
860 *(t++) = '\\';
861 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 6);
862 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 3);
863 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f);
864 } else
865 *(t++) = *f;
866 break;
867 }
868
869 *t = 0;
870
871 return r;
872}
873
874char *cunescape(const char *s) {
875 char *r, *t;
876 const char *f;
877
878 assert(s);
879
880 /* Undoes C style string escaping */
881
882 if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)+1)))
883 return r;
884
885 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) {
886
887 if (*f != '\\') {
888 *(t++) = *f;
889 continue;
890 }
891
892 f++;
893
894 switch (*f) {
895
896 case 'a':
897 *(t++) = '\a';
898 break;
899 case 'b':
900 *(t++) = '\b';
901 break;
902 case 'f':
903 *(t++) = '\f';
904 break;
905 case 'n':
906 *(t++) = '\n';
907 break;
908 case 'r':
909 *(t++) = '\r';
910 break;
911 case 't':
912 *(t++) = '\t';
913 break;
914 case 'v':
915 *(t++) = '\v';
916 break;
917 case '\\':
918 *(t++) = '\\';
919 break;
920 case '"':
921 *(t++) = '"';
922 break;
923 case '\'':
924 *(t++) = '\'';
925 break;
926
927 case 'x': {
928 /* hexadecimal encoding */
929 int a, b;
930
931 if ((a = unhexchar(f[1])) < 0 ||
932 (b = unhexchar(f[2])) < 0) {
933 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
934 *(t++) = '\\';
935 *(t++) = 'x';
936 } else {
937 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b);
938 f += 2;
939 }
940
941 break;
942 }
943
944 case '0':
945 case '1':
946 case '2':
947 case '3':
948 case '4':
949 case '5':
950 case '6':
951 case '7': {
952 /* octal encoding */
953 int a, b, c;
954
955 if ((a = unoctchar(f[0])) < 0 ||
956 (b = unoctchar(f[1])) < 0 ||
957 (c = unoctchar(f[2])) < 0) {
958 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
959 *(t++) = '\\';
960 *(t++) = f[0];
961 } else {
962 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 6) | (b << 3) | c);
963 f += 2;
964 }
965
966 break;
967 }
968
969 case 0:
970 /* premature end of string.*/
971 *(t++) = '\\';
972 goto finish;
973
974 default:
975 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
976 *(t++) = '\\';
977 *(t++) = 'f';
978 break;
979 }
980 }
981
982finish:
983 *t = 0;
984 return r;
985}
986
987
988char *xescape(const char *s, const char *bad) {
989 char *r, *t;
990 const char *f;
991
992 /* Escapes all chars in bad, in addition to \ and all special
993 * chars, in \xFF style escaping. May be reversed with
994 * cunescape. */
995
996 if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*4+1)))
997 return NULL;
998
999 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) {
1000
b866264a
LP		 1001 if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127) ||
1002 (*f == '\\') || strchr(bad, *f)) {
4fe88d28
LP		 1003 *(t++) = '\\';
1004 *(t++) = 'x';
1005 *(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4);
1006 *(t++) = hexchar(*f);
1007 } else
1008 *(t++) = *f;
1009 }
1010
1011 *t = 0;
1012
1013 return r;
1014}
1015
ea430986 1016char *bus_path_escape(const char *s) {
ea430986
LP		 1017 char *r, *t;
1018 const char *f;
1019
47be870b
LP		 1020 assert(s);
1021
ea430986
LP		 1022 /* Escapes all chars that D-Bus' object path cannot deal
1023 * with. Can be reverse with bus_path_unescape() */
1024
1025 if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*3+1)))
1026 return NULL;
1027
1028 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) {
1029
1030 if (!(*f >= 'A' && *f <= 'Z') &&
1031 !(*f >= 'a' && *f <= 'z') &&
1032 !(*f >= '0' && *f <= '9')) {
1033 *(t++) = '_';
1034 *(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4);
1035 *(t++) = hexchar(*f);
1036 } else
1037 *(t++) = *f;
1038 }
1039
1040 *t = 0;
1041
1042 return r;
1043}
1044
1045char *bus_path_unescape(const char *s) {
ea430986
LP		 1046 char *r, *t;
1047 const char *f;
1048
47be870b
LP		 1049 assert(s);
1050
ea430986
LP		 1051 if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)+1)))
1052 return NULL;
1053
1054 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) {
1055
1056 if (*f == '_') {
1057 int a, b;
1058
1059 if ((a = unhexchar(f[1])) < 0 ||
1060 (b = unhexchar(f[2])) < 0) {
1061 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1062 *(t++) = '_';
1063 } else {
1064 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b);
1065 f += 2;
1066 }
1067 } else
1068 *(t++) = *f;
1069 }
1070
1071 *t = 0;
1072
1073 return r;
1074}
1075
4fe88d28
LP		 1076char *path_kill_slashes(char *path) {
1077 char *f, *t;
1078 bool slash = false;
1079
1080 /* Removes redundant inner and trailing slashes. Modifies the
1081 * passed string in-place.
1082 *
1083 * ///foo///bar/ becomes /foo/bar
1084 */
1085
1086 for (f = path, t = path; *f; f++) {
1087
1088 if (*f == '/') {
1089 slash = true;
1090 continue;
1091 }
1092
1093 if (slash) {
1094 slash = false;
1095 *(t++) = '/';
1096 }
1097
1098 *(t++) = *f;
1099 }
1100
1101 /* Special rule, if we are talking of the root directory, a
1102 trailing slash is good */
1103
1104 if (t == path && slash)
1105 *(t++) = '/';
1106
1107 *t = 0;
1108 return path;
1109}
1110
1111bool path_startswith(const char *path, const char *prefix) {
1112 assert(path);
1113 assert(prefix);
1114
1115 if ((path[0] == '/') != (prefix[0] == '/'))
1116 return false;
1117
1118 for (;;) {
1119 size_t a, b;
1120
1121 path += strspn(path, "/");
1122 prefix += strspn(prefix, "/");
1123
1124 if (*prefix == 0)
1125 return true;
1126
1127 if (*path == 0)
1128 return false;
1129
1130 a = strcspn(path, "/");
1131 b = strcspn(prefix, "/");
1132
1133 if (a != b)
1134 return false;
1135
1136 if (memcmp(path, prefix, a) != 0)
1137 return false;
1138
1139 path += a;
1140 prefix += b;
1141 }
1142}
1143
67d51650 1144char *ascii_strlower(char *t) {
4fe88d28
LP		 1145 char *p;
1146
67d51650 1147 assert(t);
4fe88d28 1148
67d51650 1149 for (p = t; *p; p++)
4fe88d28
LP		 1150 if (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z')
1151 *p = *p - 'A' + 'a';
1152
67d51650 1153 return t;
4fe88d28 1154}
1dccbe19 1155
c85dc17b
LP		 1156bool ignore_file(const char *filename) {
1157 assert(filename);
1158
1159 return
1160 filename[0] == '.' ||
1161 endswith(filename, "~") ||
1162 endswith(filename, ".rpmnew") ||
1163 endswith(filename, ".rpmsave") ||
1164 endswith(filename, ".rpmorig") ||
1165 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-old") ||
1166 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-new") ||
1167 endswith(filename, ".swp");
1168}
1169
3a0ecb08
LP		 1170int fd_nonblock(int fd, bool nonblock) {
1171 int flags;
1172
1173 assert(fd >= 0);
1174
1175 if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0)) < 0)
1176 return -errno;
1177
1178 if (nonblock)
1179 flags |= O_NONBLOCK;
1180 else
1181 flags &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
1182
1183 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags) < 0)
1184 return -errno;
1185
1186 return 0;
1187}
1188
1189int fd_cloexec(int fd, bool cloexec) {
1190 int flags;
1191
1192 assert(fd >= 0);
1193
1194 if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD, 0)) < 0)
1195 return -errno;
1196
1197 if (cloexec)
1198 flags |= FD_CLOEXEC;
1199 else
1200 flags &= ~FD_CLOEXEC;
1201
1202 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, flags) < 0)
1203 return -errno;
1204
1205 return 0;
1206}
1207
a0d40ac5
LP		 1208int close_all_fds(const int except[], unsigned n_except) {
1209 DIR *d;
1210 struct dirent *de;
1211 int r = 0;
1212
1213 if (!(d = opendir("/proc/self/fd")))
1214 return -errno;
1215
1216 while ((de = readdir(d))) {
a7610064 1217 int fd = -1;
a0d40ac5
LP		 1218
1219 if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
1220 continue;
1221
1222 if ((r = safe_atoi(de->d_name, &fd)) < 0)
1223 goto finish;
1224
1225 if (fd < 3)
1226 continue;
1227
1228 if (fd == dirfd(d))
1229 continue;
1230
1231 if (except) {
1232 bool found;
1233 unsigned i;
1234
1235 found = false;
1236 for (i = 0; i < n_except; i++)
1237 if (except[i] == fd) {
1238 found = true;
1239 break;
1240 }
1241
1242 if (found)
1243 continue;
1244 }
1245
2f357920
LP		 1246 if ((r = close_nointr(fd)) < 0) {
1247 /* Valgrind has its own FD and doesn't want to have it closed */
1248 if (errno != EBADF)
1249 goto finish;
1250 }
a0d40ac5
LP		 1251 }
1252
2f357920
LP		 1253 r = 0;
1254
a0d40ac5
LP		 1255finish:
1256 closedir(d);
1257 return r;
1258}
1259
db12775d
LP		 1260bool chars_intersect(const char *a, const char *b) {
1261 const char *p;
1262
1263 /* Returns true if any of the chars in a are in b. */
1264 for (p = a; *p; p++)
1265 if (strchr(b, *p))
1266 return true;
1267
1268 return false;
1269}
1270
8b6c7120
LP		 1271char *format_timestamp(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) {
1272 struct tm tm;
1273 time_t sec;
1274
1275 assert(buf);
1276 assert(l > 0);
1277
1278 if (t <= 0)
1279 return NULL;
1280
1281 sec = (time_t) t / USEC_PER_SEC;
1282
1283 if (strftime(buf, l, "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z", localtime_r(&sec, &tm)) <= 0)
1284 return NULL;
1285
1286 return buf;
1287}
1288
42856c10
LP		 1289bool fstype_is_network(const char *fstype) {
1290 static const char * const table[] = {
1291 "cifs",
1292 "smbfs",
1293 "ncpfs",
1294 "nfs",
1295 "nfs4"
1296 };
1297
1298 unsigned i;
1299
1300 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
1301 if (streq(table[i], fstype))
1302 return true;
1303
1304 return false;
1305}
1306
601f6a1e
LP		 1307int chvt(int vt) {
1308 int fd, r = 0;
1309
1310 if ((fd = open("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
1311 return -errno;
1312
1313 if (vt < 0) {
1314 int tiocl[2] = {
1315 TIOCL_GETKMSGREDIRECT,
1316 0
1317 };
1318
1319 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCLINUX, tiocl) < 0)
1320 return -errno;
1321
1322 vt = tiocl[0] <= 0 ? 1 : tiocl[0];
1323 }
1324
1325 if (ioctl(fd, VT_ACTIVATE, vt) < 0)
1326 r = -errno;
1327
1328 close_nointr(r);
1329 return r;
1330}
1331
80876c20
LP		 1332int read_one_char(FILE *f, char *ret, bool *need_nl) {
1333 struct termios old_termios, new_termios;
1334 char c;
1335 char line[1024];
1336
1337 assert(f);
1338 assert(ret);
1339
1340 if (tcgetattr(fileno(f), &old_termios) >= 0) {
1341 new_termios = old_termios;
1342
1343 new_termios.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;
1344 new_termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
1345 new_termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
1346
1347 if (tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &new_termios) >= 0) {
1348 size_t k;
1349
1350 k = fread(&c, 1, 1, f);
1351
1352 tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios);
1353
1354 if (k <= 0)
1355 return -EIO;
1356
1357 if (need_nl)
1358 *need_nl = c != '\n';
1359
1360 *ret = c;
1361 return 0;
1362 }
1363 }
1364
1365 if (!(fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)))
1366 return -EIO;
1367
1368 truncate_nl(line);
1369
1370 if (strlen(line) != 1)
1371 return -EBADMSG;
1372
1373 if (need_nl)
1374 *need_nl = false;
1375
1376 *ret = line[0];
1377 return 0;
1378}
1379
1380int ask(char *ret, const char *replies, const char *text, ...) {
1381 assert(ret);
1382 assert(replies);
1383 assert(text);
1384
1385 for (;;) {
1386 va_list ap;
1387 char c;
1388 int r;
1389 bool need_nl = true;
1390
1391 va_start(ap, text);
1392 vprintf(text, ap);
1393 va_end(ap);
1394
1395 fflush(stdout);
1396
1397 if ((r = read_one_char(stdin, &c, &need_nl)) < 0) {
1398
1399 if (r == -EBADMSG) {
1400 puts("Bad input, please try again.");
1401 continue;
1402 }
1403
1404 putchar('\n');
1405 return r;
1406 }
1407
1408 if (need_nl)
1409 putchar('\n');
1410
1411 if (strchr(replies, c)) {
1412 *ret = c;
1413 return 0;
1414 }
1415
1416 puts("Read unexpected character, please try again.");
1417 }
1418}
1419
1420int reset_terminal(int fd) {
1421 struct termios termios;
1422 int r = 0;
1423
1424 assert(fd >= 0);
1425
1426 /* Set terminal up for job control */
1427
1428 if (tcgetattr(fd, &termios) < 0) {
1429 r = -errno;
1430 goto finish;
1431 }
1432
1433 termios.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT);
1434 termios.c_iflag |= ICRNL | IMAXBEL | IUTF8;
1435 termios.c_oflag |= ONLCR;
1436 termios.c_cflag |= CREAD;
1437 termios.c_lflag = ISIG | ICANON | IEXTEN | ECHO | ECHOE | ECHOK | ECHOCTL | ECHOPRT | ECHOKE;
1438
1439 termios.c_cc[VINTR] = 03; /* ^C */
1440 termios.c_cc[VQUIT] = 034; /* ^\ */
1441 termios.c_cc[VERASE] = 0177;
1442 termios.c_cc[VKILL] = 025; /* ^X */
1443 termios.c_cc[VEOF] = 04; /* ^D */
1444 termios.c_cc[VSTART] = 021; /* ^Q */
1445 termios.c_cc[VSTOP] = 023; /* ^S */
1446 termios.c_cc[VSUSP] = 032; /* ^Z */
1447 termios.c_cc[VLNEXT] = 026; /* ^V */
1448 termios.c_cc[VWERASE] = 027; /* ^W */
1449 termios.c_cc[VREPRINT] = 022; /* ^R */
1450
1451 termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
1452 termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
1453
1454 if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &termios) < 0)
1455 r = -errno;
1456
1457finish:
1458 /* Just in case, flush all crap out */
1459 tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH);
1460
1461 return r;
1462}
1463
1464int open_terminal(const char *name, int mode) {
1465 int fd, r;
1466
1467 if ((fd = open(name, mode)) < 0)
1468 return -errno;
1469
1470 if ((r = isatty(fd)) < 0) {
1471 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
1472 return -errno;
1473 }
1474
1475 if (!r) {
1476 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
1477 return -ENOTTY;
1478 }
1479
1480 return fd;
1481}
1482
1483int flush_fd(int fd) {
1484 struct pollfd pollfd;
1485
1486 zero(pollfd);
1487 pollfd.fd = fd;
1488 pollfd.events = POLLIN;
1489
1490 for (;;) {
1491 char buf[1024];
1492 ssize_t l;
1493 int r;
1494
1495 if ((r = poll(&pollfd, 1, 0)) < 0) {
1496
1497 if (errno == EINTR)
1498 continue;
1499
1500 return -errno;
1501 }
1502
1503 if (r == 0)
1504 return 0;
1505
1506 if ((l = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) < 0) {
1507
1508 if (errno == EINTR)
1509 continue;
1510
1511 if (errno == EAGAIN)
1512 return 0;
1513
1514 return -errno;
1515 }
1516
1517 if (l <= 0)
1518 return 0;
1519 }
1520}
1521
1522int acquire_terminal(const char *name, bool fail, bool force) {
1523 int fd = -1, notify = -1, r, wd;
1524
1525 assert(name);
1526
1527 /* We use inotify to be notified when the tty is closed. We
1528 * create the watch before checking if we can actually acquire
1529 * it, so that we don't lose any event.
1530 *
1531 * Note: strictly speaking this actually watches for the
1532 * device being closed, it does *not* really watch whether a
1533 * tty loses its controlling process. However, unless some
1534 * rogue process uses TIOCNOTTY on /dev/tty *after* closing
1535 * its tty otherwise this will not become a problem. As long
1536 * as the administrator makes sure not configure any service
1537 * on the same tty as an untrusted user this should not be a
1538 * problem. (Which he probably should not do anyway.) */
1539
1540 if (!fail && !force) {
1541 if ((notify = inotify_init1(IN_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
1542 r = -errno;
1543 goto fail;
1544 }
1545
1546 if ((wd = inotify_add_watch(notify, name, IN_CLOSE)) < 0) {
1547 r = -errno;
1548 goto fail;
1549 }
1550 }
1551
1552 for (;;) {
1553 if ((r = flush_fd(notify)) < 0)
1554 goto fail;
1555
1556 /* We pass here O_NOCTTY only so that we can check the return
1557 * value TIOCSCTTY and have a reliable way to figure out if we
1558 * successfully became the controlling process of the tty */
1559 if ((fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY)) < 0)
1560 return -errno;
1561
1562 /* First, try to get the tty */
1563 if ((r = ioctl(fd, TIOCSCTTY, force)) < 0 &&
1564 (force || fail || errno != EPERM)) {
1565 r = -errno;
1566 goto fail;
1567 }
1568
1569 if (r >= 0)
1570 break;
1571
1572 assert(!fail);
1573 assert(!force);
1574 assert(notify >= 0);
1575
1576 for (;;) {
1577 struct inotify_event e;
1578 ssize_t l;
1579
1580 if ((l = read(notify, &e, sizeof(e))) != sizeof(e)) {
1581
1582 if (l < 0) {
1583
1584 if (errno == EINTR)
1585 continue;
1586
1587 r = -errno;
1588 } else
1589 r = -EIO;
1590
1591 goto fail;
1592 }
1593
1594 if (e.wd != wd || !(e.mask & IN_CLOSE)) {
1595 r = -errno;
1596 goto fail;
1597 }
1598
1599 break;
1600 }
1601
1602 /* We close the tty fd here since if the old session
1603 * ended our handle will be dead. It's important that
1604 * we do this after sleeping, so that we don't enter
1605 * an endless loop. */
1606 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
1607 }
1608
1609 if (notify >= 0)
1610 close_nointr(notify);
1611
1612 if ((r = reset_terminal(fd)) < 0)
1613 log_warning("Failed to reset terminal: %s", strerror(-r));
1614
1615 return fd;
1616
1617fail:
1618 if (fd >= 0)
1619 close_nointr(fd);
1620
1621 if (notify >= 0)
1622 close_nointr(notify);
1623
1624 return r;
1625}
1626
1627int release_terminal(void) {
1628 int r = 0, fd;
1629
1630 if ((fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR)) < 0)
1631 return -errno;
1632
1633 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCNOTTY) < 0)
1634 r = -errno;
1635
1636 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
1637 return r;
1638}
1639
1dccbe19
LP		 1640static const char *const ioprio_class_table[] = {
1641 [IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE] = "none",
1642 [IOPRIO_CLASS_RT] = "realtime",
1643 [IOPRIO_CLASS_BE] = "best-effort",
1644 [IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE] = "idle"
1645};
1646
1647DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(ioprio_class, int);
1648
1649static const char *const sigchld_code_table[] = {
1650 [CLD_EXITED] = "exited",
1651 [CLD_KILLED] = "killed",
1652 [CLD_DUMPED] = "dumped",
1653 [CLD_TRAPPED] = "trapped",
1654 [CLD_STOPPED] = "stopped",
1655 [CLD_CONTINUED] = "continued",
1656};
1657
1658DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(sigchld_code, int);
1659
1660static const char *const log_facility_table[LOG_NFACILITIES] = {
1661 [LOG_FAC(LOG_KERN)] = "kern",
1662 [LOG_FAC(LOG_USER)] = "user",
1663 [LOG_FAC(LOG_MAIL)] = "mail",
1664 [LOG_FAC(LOG_DAEMON)] = "daemon",
1665 [LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTH)] = "auth",
1666 [LOG_FAC(LOG_SYSLOG)] = "syslog",
1667 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LPR)] = "lpr",
1668 [LOG_FAC(LOG_NEWS)] = "news",
1669 [LOG_FAC(LOG_UUCP)] = "uucp",
1670 [LOG_FAC(LOG_CRON)] = "cron",
1671 [LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTHPRIV)] = "authpriv",
1672 [LOG_FAC(LOG_FTP)] = "ftp",
1673 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL0)] = "local0",
1674 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL1)] = "local1",
1675 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL2)] = "local2",
1676 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL3)] = "local3",
1677 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL4)] = "local4",
1678 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL5)] = "local5",
1679 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL6)] = "local6",
1680 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL7)] = "local7"
1681};
1682
1683DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(log_facility, int);
1684
1685static const char *const log_level_table[] = {
1686 [LOG_EMERG] = "emerg",
1687 [LOG_ALERT] = "alert",
1688 [LOG_CRIT] = "crit",
1689 [LOG_ERR] = "err",
1690 [LOG_WARNING] = "warning",
1691 [LOG_NOTICE] = "notice",
1692 [LOG_INFO] = "info",
1693 [LOG_DEBUG] = "debug"
1694};
1695
1696DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(log_level, int);
1697
1698static const char* const sched_policy_table[] = {
1699 [SCHED_OTHER] = "other",
1700 [SCHED_BATCH] = "batch",
1701 [SCHED_IDLE] = "idle",
1702 [SCHED_FIFO] = "fifo",
1703 [SCHED_RR] = "rr"
1704};
1705
1706DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(sched_policy, int);
1707
1708static const char* const rlimit_table[] = {
1709 [RLIMIT_CPU] = "LimitCPU",
1710 [RLIMIT_FSIZE] = "LimitFSIZE",
1711 [RLIMIT_DATA] = "LimitDATA",
1712 [RLIMIT_STACK] = "LimitSTACK",
1713 [RLIMIT_CORE] = "LimitCORE",
1714 [RLIMIT_RSS] = "LimitRSS",
1715 [RLIMIT_NOFILE] = "LimitNOFILE",
1716 [RLIMIT_AS] = "LimitAS",
1717 [RLIMIT_NPROC] = "LimitNPROC",
1718 [RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] = "LimitMEMLOCK",
1719 [RLIMIT_LOCKS] = "LimitLOCKS",
1720 [RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] = "LimitSIGPENDING",
1721 [RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] = "LimitMSGQUEUE",
1722 [RLIMIT_NICE] = "LimitNICE",
1723 [RLIMIT_RTPRIO] = "LimitRTPRIO",
1724 [RLIMIT_RTTIME] = "LimitRTTIME"
1725};
1726
1727DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(rlimit, int);
Michael's branch of systemd.