2 # (C) Copyright 2000 - 2005
3 # Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
5 # See file CREDITS for list of people who contributed to this
8 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
9 # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
10 # published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
11 # the License, or (at your option) any later version.
13 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 # GNU General Public License for more details.
18 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
20 # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
27 This directory contains the source code for U-Boot, a boot loader for
28 Embedded boards based on PowerPC, ARM, MIPS and several other
29 processors, which can be installed in a boot ROM and used to
30 initialize and test the hardware or to download and run application
33 The development of U-Boot is closely related to Linux: some parts of
34 the source code originate in the Linux source tree, we have some
35 header files in common, and special provision has been made to
36 support booting of Linux images.
38 Some attention has been paid to make this software easily
39 configurable and extendable. For instance, all monitor commands are
40 implemented with the same call interface, so that it's very easy to
41 add new commands. Also, instead of permanently adding rarely used
42 code (for instance hardware test utilities) to the monitor, you can
43 load and run it dynamically.
49 In general, all boards for which a configuration option exists in the
50 Makefile have been tested to some extent and can be considered
51 "working". In fact, many of them are used in production systems.
53 In case of problems see the CHANGELOG and CREDITS files to find out
54 who contributed the specific port.
60 In case you have questions about, problems with or contributions for
61 U-Boot you should send a message to the U-Boot mailing list at
62 <u-boot-users@lists.sourceforge.net>. There is also an archive of
63 previous traffic on the mailing list - please search the archive
64 before asking FAQ's. Please see
65 http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/u-boot-users/
71 - start from 8xxrom sources
72 - create PPCBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/ppcboot)
74 - make it easier to add custom boards
75 - make it possible to add other [PowerPC] CPUs
76 - extend functions, especially:
77 * Provide extended interface to Linux boot loader
80 * PCMCIA / CompactFLash / ATA disk / SCSI ... boot
81 - create ARMBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/armboot)
82 - add other CPU families (starting with ARM)
83 - create U-Boot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/u-boot)
89 The "official" name of this project is "Das U-Boot". The spelling
90 "U-Boot" shall be used in all written text (documentation, comments
91 in source files etc.). Example:
93 This is the README file for the U-Boot project.
95 File names etc. shall be based on the string "u-boot". Examples:
97 include/asm-ppc/u-boot.h
99 #include <asm/u-boot.h>
101 Variable names, preprocessor constants etc. shall be either based on
102 the string "u_boot" or on "U_BOOT". Example:
104 U_BOOT_VERSION u_boot_logo
105 IH_OS_U_BOOT u_boot_hush_start
111 U-Boot uses a 3 level version number containing a version, a
112 sub-version, and a patchlevel: "U-Boot-2.34.5" means version "2",
113 sub-version "34", and patchlevel "4".
115 The patchlevel is used to indicate certain stages of development
116 between released versions, i. e. officially released versions of
117 U-Boot will always have a patchlevel of "0".
123 - board Board dependent files
124 - common Misc architecture independent functions
125 - cpu CPU specific files
126 - 74xx_7xx Files specific to Freescale MPC74xx and 7xx CPUs
127 - arm720t Files specific to ARM 720 CPUs
128 - arm920t Files specific to ARM 920 CPUs
129 - at91rm9200 Files specific to Atmel AT91RM9200 CPU
130 - imx Files specific to Freescale MC9328 i.MX CPUs
131 - s3c24x0 Files specific to Samsung S3C24X0 CPUs
132 - arm925t Files specific to ARM 925 CPUs
133 - arm926ejs Files specific to ARM 926 CPUs
134 - arm1136 Files specific to ARM 1136 CPUs
135 - at32ap Files specific to Atmel AVR32 AP CPUs
136 - i386 Files specific to i386 CPUs
137 - ixp Files specific to Intel XScale IXP CPUs
138 - mcf52x2 Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF52x2 CPUs
139 - mcf5227x Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5227x CPUs
140 - mcf532x Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5329 CPUs
141 - mcf5445x Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5445x CPUs
142 - mcf547x_8x Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF547x_8x CPUs
143 - mips Files specific to MIPS CPUs
144 - mpc5xx Files specific to Freescale MPC5xx CPUs
145 - mpc5xxx Files specific to Freescale MPC5xxx CPUs
146 - mpc8xx Files specific to Freescale MPC8xx CPUs
147 - mpc8220 Files specific to Freescale MPC8220 CPUs
148 - mpc824x Files specific to Freescale MPC824x CPUs
149 - mpc8260 Files specific to Freescale MPC8260 CPUs
150 - mpc85xx Files specific to Freescale MPC85xx CPUs
151 - nios Files specific to Altera NIOS CPUs
152 - nios2 Files specific to Altera Nios-II CPUs
153 - ppc4xx Files specific to AMCC PowerPC 4xx CPUs
154 - pxa Files specific to Intel XScale PXA CPUs
155 - s3c44b0 Files specific to Samsung S3C44B0 CPUs
156 - sa1100 Files specific to Intel StrongARM SA1100 CPUs
157 - disk Code for disk drive partition handling
158 - doc Documentation (don't expect too much)
159 - drivers Commonly used device drivers
160 - dtt Digital Thermometer and Thermostat drivers
161 - examples Example code for standalone applications, etc.
162 - include Header Files
163 - lib_arm Files generic to ARM architecture
164 - lib_avr32 Files generic to AVR32 architecture
165 - lib_generic Files generic to all architectures
166 - lib_i386 Files generic to i386 architecture
167 - lib_m68k Files generic to m68k architecture
168 - lib_mips Files generic to MIPS architecture
169 - lib_nios Files generic to NIOS architecture
170 - lib_ppc Files generic to PowerPC architecture
171 - libfdt Library files to support flattened device trees
172 - net Networking code
173 - post Power On Self Test
174 - rtc Real Time Clock drivers
175 - tools Tools to build S-Record or U-Boot images, etc.
177 Software Configuration:
178 =======================
180 Configuration is usually done using C preprocessor defines; the
181 rationale behind that is to avoid dead code whenever possible.
183 There are two classes of configuration variables:
185 * Configuration _OPTIONS_:
186 These are selectable by the user and have names beginning with
189 * Configuration _SETTINGS_:
190 These depend on the hardware etc. and should not be meddled with if
191 you don't know what you're doing; they have names beginning with
194 Later we will add a configuration tool - probably similar to or even
195 identical to what's used for the Linux kernel. Right now, we have to
196 do the configuration by hand, which means creating some symbolic
197 links and editing some configuration files. We use the TQM8xxL boards
201 Selection of Processor Architecture and Board Type:
202 ---------------------------------------------------
204 For all supported boards there are ready-to-use default
205 configurations available; just type "make <board_name>_config".
207 Example: For a TQM823L module type:
212 For the Cogent platform, you need to specify the cpu type as well;
213 e.g. "make cogent_mpc8xx_config". And also configure the cogent
214 directory according to the instructions in cogent/README.
217 Configuration Options:
218 ----------------------
220 Configuration depends on the combination of board and CPU type; all
221 such information is kept in a configuration file
222 "include/configs/<board_name>.h".
224 Example: For a TQM823L module, all configuration settings are in
225 "include/configs/TQM823L.h".
228 Many of the options are named exactly as the corresponding Linux
229 kernel configuration options. The intention is to make it easier to
230 build a config tool - later.
233 The following options need to be configured:
235 - CPU Type: Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC85XX.
237 - Board Type: Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC8540ADS.
239 - CPU Daughterboard Type: (if CONFIG_ATSTK1000 is defined)
240 Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_ATSTK1002
242 - CPU Module Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
243 Define exactly one of
245 --- FIXME --- not tested yet:
246 CONFIG_CMA286_60, CONFIG_CMA286_21, CONFIG_CMA286_60P,
247 CONFIG_CMA287_23, CONFIG_CMA287_50
249 - Motherboard Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
250 Define exactly one of
251 CONFIG_CMA101, CONFIG_CMA102
253 - Motherboard I/O Modules: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
254 Define one or more of
257 - Motherboard Options: (if CONFIG_CMA101 or CONFIG_CMA102 are defined)
258 Define one or more of
259 CONFIG_LCD_HEARTBEAT - update a character position on
260 the lcd display every second with
263 - Board flavour: (if CONFIG_MPC8260ADS is defined)
266 CFG_8260ADS - original MPC8260ADS
267 CFG_8266ADS - MPC8266ADS
268 CFG_PQ2FADS - PQ2FADS-ZU or PQ2FADS-VR
269 CFG_8272ADS - MPC8272ADS
271 - MPC824X Family Member (if CONFIG_MPC824X is defined)
272 Define exactly one of
273 CONFIG_MPC8240, CONFIG_MPC8245
275 - 8xx CPU Options: (if using an MPC8xx cpu)
276 CONFIG_8xx_GCLK_FREQ - deprecated: CPU clock if
277 get_gclk_freq() cannot work
278 e.g. if there is no 32KHz
279 reference PIT/RTC clock
280 CONFIG_8xx_OSCLK - PLL input clock (either EXTCLK
283 - 859/866/885 CPU options: (if using a MPC859 or MPC866 or MPC885 CPU):
286 CONFIG_8xx_CPUCLK_DEFAULT
287 See doc/README.MPC866
291 Define this to measure the actual CPU clock instead
292 of relying on the correctness of the configured
293 values. Mostly useful for board bringup to make sure
294 the PLL is locked at the intended frequency. Note
295 that this requires a (stable) reference clock (32 kHz
296 RTC clock or CFG_8XX_XIN)
298 - Intel Monahans options:
299 CFG_MONAHANS_RUN_MODE_OSC_RATIO
301 Defines the Monahans run mode to oscillator
302 ratio. Valid values are 8, 16, 24, 31. The core
303 frequency is this value multiplied by 13 MHz.
305 CFG_MONAHANS_TURBO_RUN_MODE_RATIO
307 Defines the Monahans turbo mode to oscillator
308 ratio. Valid values are 1 (default if undefined) and
309 2. The core frequency as calculated above is multiplied
312 - Linux Kernel Interface:
315 U-Boot stores all clock information in Hz
316 internally. For binary compatibility with older Linux
317 kernels (which expect the clocks passed in the
318 bd_info data to be in MHz) the environment variable
319 "clocks_in_mhz" can be defined so that U-Boot
320 converts clock data to MHZ before passing it to the
322 When CONFIG_CLOCKS_IN_MHZ is defined, a definition of
323 "clocks_in_mhz=1" is automatically included in the
326 CONFIG_MEMSIZE_IN_BYTES [relevant for MIPS only]
328 When transfering memsize parameter to linux, some versions
329 expect it to be in bytes, others in MB.
330 Define CONFIG_MEMSIZE_IN_BYTES to make it in bytes.
332 CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT / CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE
334 New kernel versions are expecting firmware settings to be
335 passed using flattened device trees (based on open firmware
339 * New libfdt-based support
340 * Adds the "fdt" command
341 * The bootm command automatically updates the fdt
344 * Deprecated, see CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
345 * Original ft_build.c-based support
346 * Automatically modifies the dft as part of the bootm command
347 * The environment variable "disable_of", when set,
348 disables this functionality.
350 OF_CPU - The proper name of the cpus node.
351 OF_SOC - The proper name of the soc node.
352 OF_TBCLK - The timebase frequency.
353 OF_STDOUT_PATH - The path to the console device
355 boards with QUICC Engines require OF_QE to set UCC mac addresses
359 * CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT - enables the "fdt bd_t" command
360 * CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE - The resulting flat device tree
361 will have a copy of the bd_t. Space should be
362 pre-allocated in the dts for the bd_t.
364 CONFIG_OF_HAS_UBOOT_ENV
366 * CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT - enables the "fdt env" command
367 * CONFIG_OF_FLAT_TREE - The resulting flat device tree
368 will have a copy of u-boot's environment variables
370 CONFIG_OF_BOARD_SETUP
372 Board code has addition modification that it wants to make
373 to the flat device tree before handing it off to the kernel
377 This define fills in the correct boot cpu in the boot
378 param header, the default value is zero if undefined.
383 Define this if you want support for Amba PrimeCell PL010 UARTs.
387 Define this if you want support for Amba PrimeCell PL011 UARTs.
391 If you have Amba PrimeCell PL011 UARTs, set this variable to
392 the clock speed of the UARTs.
396 If you have Amba PrimeCell PL010 or PL011 UARTs on your board,
397 define this to a list of base addresses for each (supported)
398 port. See e.g. include/configs/versatile.h
402 Depending on board, define exactly one serial port
403 (like CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SMC1, CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SMC2,
404 CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SCC1, ...), or switch off the serial
405 console by defining CONFIG_8xx_CONS_NONE
407 Note: if CONFIG_8xx_CONS_NONE is defined, the serial
408 port routines must be defined elsewhere
409 (i.e. serial_init(), serial_getc(), ...)
412 Enables console device for a color framebuffer. Needs following
413 defines (cf. smiLynxEM, i8042, board/eltec/bab7xx)
414 VIDEO_FB_LITTLE_ENDIAN graphic memory organisation
416 VIDEO_HW_RECTFILL graphic chip supports
419 VIDEO_HW_BITBLT graphic chip supports
420 bit-blit (cf. smiLynxEM)
421 VIDEO_VISIBLE_COLS visible pixel columns
423 VIDEO_VISIBLE_ROWS visible pixel rows
424 VIDEO_PIXEL_SIZE bytes per pixel
425 VIDEO_DATA_FORMAT graphic data format
426 (0-5, cf. cfb_console.c)
427 VIDEO_FB_ADRS framebuffer address
428 VIDEO_KBD_INIT_FCT keyboard int fct
429 (i.e. i8042_kbd_init())
430 VIDEO_TSTC_FCT test char fct
432 VIDEO_GETC_FCT get char fct
434 CONFIG_CONSOLE_CURSOR cursor drawing on/off
435 (requires blink timer
437 CFG_CONSOLE_BLINK_COUNT blink interval (cf. i8042.c)
438 CONFIG_CONSOLE_TIME display time/date info in
440 (requires CONFIG_CMD_DATE)
441 CONFIG_VIDEO_LOGO display Linux logo in
443 CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_LOGO use bmp_logo.h instead of
444 linux_logo.h for logo.
445 Requires CONFIG_VIDEO_LOGO
446 CONFIG_CONSOLE_EXTRA_INFO
447 addional board info beside
450 When CONFIG_CFB_CONSOLE is defined, video console is
451 default i/o. Serial console can be forced with
452 environment 'console=serial'.
454 When CONFIG_SILENT_CONSOLE is defined, all console
455 messages (by U-Boot and Linux!) can be silenced with
456 the "silent" environment variable. See
457 doc/README.silent for more information.
460 CONFIG_BAUDRATE - in bps
461 Select one of the baudrates listed in
462 CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
463 CFG_BRGCLK_PRESCALE, baudrate prescale
465 - Interrupt driven serial port input:
466 CONFIG_SERIAL_SOFTWARE_FIFO
469 Use an interrupt handler for receiving data on the
470 serial port. It also enables using hardware handshake
471 (RTS/CTS) and UART's built-in FIFO. Set the number of
472 bytes the interrupt driven input buffer should have.
474 Leave undefined to disable this feature, including
475 disable the buffer and hardware handshake.
477 - Console UART Number:
481 If defined internal UART1 (and not UART0) is used
482 as default U-Boot console.
484 - Boot Delay: CONFIG_BOOTDELAY - in seconds
485 Delay before automatically booting the default image;
486 set to -1 to disable autoboot.
488 See doc/README.autoboot for these options that
489 work with CONFIG_BOOTDELAY. None are required.
490 CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
491 CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_MIN
492 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_KEYED
493 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_PROMPT
494 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR
495 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR
496 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR2
497 CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR2
498 CONFIG_ZERO_BOOTDELAY_CHECK
499 CONFIG_RESET_TO_RETRY
503 Only needed when CONFIG_BOOTDELAY is enabled;
504 define a command string that is automatically executed
505 when no character is read on the console interface
506 within "Boot Delay" after reset.
509 This can be used to pass arguments to the bootm
510 command. The value of CONFIG_BOOTARGS goes into the
511 environment value "bootargs".
513 CONFIG_RAMBOOT and CONFIG_NFSBOOT
514 The value of these goes into the environment as
515 "ramboot" and "nfsboot" respectively, and can be used
516 as a convenience, when switching between booting from
522 When this option is #defined, the existence of the
523 environment variable "preboot" will be checked
524 immediately before starting the CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
525 countdown and/or running the auto-boot command resp.
526 entering interactive mode.
528 This feature is especially useful when "preboot" is
529 automatically generated or modified. For an example
530 see the LWMON board specific code: here "preboot" is
531 modified when the user holds down a certain
532 combination of keys on the (special) keyboard when
535 - Serial Download Echo Mode:
537 If defined to 1, all characters received during a
538 serial download (using the "loads" command) are
539 echoed back. This might be needed by some terminal
540 emulations (like "cu"), but may as well just take
541 time on others. This setting #define's the initial
542 value of the "loads_echo" environment variable.
544 - Kgdb Serial Baudrate: (if CONFIG_CMD_KGDB is defined)
546 Select one of the baudrates listed in
547 CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE, see below.
550 Monitor commands can be included or excluded
551 from the build by using the #include files
552 "config_cmd_all.h" and #undef'ing unwanted
553 commands, or using "config_cmd_default.h"
554 and augmenting with additional #define's
557 The default command configuration includes all commands
558 except those marked below with a "*".
560 CONFIG_CMD_ASKENV * ask for env variable
561 CONFIG_CMD_AUTOSCRIPT Autoscript Support
562 CONFIG_CMD_BDI bdinfo
563 CONFIG_CMD_BEDBUG * Include BedBug Debugger
564 CONFIG_CMD_BMP * BMP support
565 CONFIG_CMD_BSP * Board specific commands
566 CONFIG_CMD_BOOTD bootd
567 CONFIG_CMD_CACHE * icache, dcache
568 CONFIG_CMD_CONSOLE coninfo
569 CONFIG_CMD_DATE * support for RTC, date/time...
570 CONFIG_CMD_DHCP * DHCP support
571 CONFIG_CMD_DIAG * Diagnostics
572 CONFIG_CMD_DOC * Disk-On-Chip Support
573 CONFIG_CMD_DTT * Digital Therm and Thermostat
574 CONFIG_CMD_ECHO echo arguments
575 CONFIG_CMD_EEPROM * EEPROM read/write support
576 CONFIG_CMD_ELF * bootelf, bootvx
577 CONFIG_CMD_ENV saveenv
578 CONFIG_CMD_FDC * Floppy Disk Support
579 CONFIG_CMD_FAT * FAT partition support
580 CONFIG_CMD_FDOS * Dos diskette Support
581 CONFIG_CMD_FLASH flinfo, erase, protect
582 CONFIG_CMD_FPGA FPGA device initialization support
583 CONFIG_CMD_HWFLOW * RTS/CTS hw flow control
584 CONFIG_CMD_I2C * I2C serial bus support
585 CONFIG_CMD_IDE * IDE harddisk support
586 CONFIG_CMD_IMI iminfo
587 CONFIG_CMD_IMLS List all found images
588 CONFIG_CMD_IMMAP * IMMR dump support
589 CONFIG_CMD_IRQ * irqinfo
590 CONFIG_CMD_ITEST Integer/string test of 2 values
591 CONFIG_CMD_JFFS2 * JFFS2 Support
592 CONFIG_CMD_KGDB * kgdb
593 CONFIG_CMD_LOADB loadb
594 CONFIG_CMD_LOADS loads
595 CONFIG_CMD_MEMORY md, mm, nm, mw, cp, cmp, crc, base,
597 CONFIG_CMD_MISC Misc functions like sleep etc
598 CONFIG_CMD_MMC * MMC memory mapped support
599 CONFIG_CMD_MII * MII utility commands
600 CONFIG_CMD_NAND * NAND support
601 CONFIG_CMD_NET bootp, tftpboot, rarpboot
602 CONFIG_CMD_PCI * pciinfo
603 CONFIG_CMD_PCMCIA * PCMCIA support
604 CONFIG_CMD_PING * send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network
606 CONFIG_CMD_PORTIO * Port I/O
607 CONFIG_CMD_REGINFO * Register dump
608 CONFIG_CMD_RUN run command in env variable
609 CONFIG_CMD_SAVES * save S record dump
610 CONFIG_CMD_SCSI * SCSI Support
611 CONFIG_CMD_SDRAM * print SDRAM configuration information
612 (requires CONFIG_CMD_I2C)
613 CONFIG_CMD_SETGETDCR Support for DCR Register access
615 CONFIG_CMD_SPI * SPI serial bus support
616 CONFIG_CMD_USB * USB support
617 CONFIG_CMD_VFD * VFD support (TRAB)
618 CONFIG_CMD_BSP * Board SPecific functions
619 CONFIG_CMD_CDP * Cisco Discover Protocol support
620 CONFIG_CMD_FSL * Microblaze FSL support
623 EXAMPLE: If you want all functions except of network
624 support you can write:
626 #include "config_cmd_all.h"
627 #undef CONFIG_CMD_NET
630 fdt (flattened device tree) command: CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
632 Note: Don't enable the "icache" and "dcache" commands
633 (configuration option CONFIG_CMD_CACHE) unless you know
634 what you (and your U-Boot users) are doing. Data
635 cache cannot be enabled on systems like the 8xx or
636 8260 (where accesses to the IMMR region must be
637 uncached), and it cannot be disabled on all other
638 systems where we (mis-) use the data cache to hold an
639 initial stack and some data.
642 XXX - this list needs to get updated!
646 If this variable is defined, it enables watchdog
647 support. There must be support in the platform specific
648 code for a watchdog. For the 8xx and 8260 CPUs, the
649 SIU Watchdog feature is enabled in the SYPCR
653 CONFIG_VERSION_VARIABLE
654 If this variable is defined, an environment variable
655 named "ver" is created by U-Boot showing the U-Boot
656 version as printed by the "version" command.
657 This variable is readonly.
661 When CONFIG_CMD_DATE is selected, the type of the RTC
662 has to be selected, too. Define exactly one of the
665 CONFIG_RTC_MPC8xx - use internal RTC of MPC8xx
666 CONFIG_RTC_PCF8563 - use Philips PCF8563 RTC
667 CONFIG_RTC_MC146818 - use MC146818 RTC
668 CONFIG_RTC_DS1307 - use Maxim, Inc. DS1307 RTC
669 CONFIG_RTC_DS1337 - use Maxim, Inc. DS1337 RTC
670 CONFIG_RTC_DS1338 - use Maxim, Inc. DS1338 RTC
671 CONFIG_RTC_DS164x - use Dallas DS164x RTC
672 CONFIG_RTC_MAX6900 - use Maxim, Inc. MAX6900 RTC
674 Note that if the RTC uses I2C, then the I2C interface
675 must also be configured. See I2C Support, below.
679 When CONFIG_TIMESTAMP is selected, the timestamp
680 (date and time) of an image is printed by image
681 commands like bootm or iminfo. This option is
682 automatically enabled when you select CONFIG_CMD_DATE .
685 CONFIG_MAC_PARTITION and/or CONFIG_DOS_PARTITION
686 and/or CONFIG_ISO_PARTITION
688 If IDE or SCSI support is enabled (CONFIG_CMD_IDE or
689 CONFIG_CMD_SCSI) you must configure support for at least
690 one partition type as well.
693 CONFIG_IDE_RESET_ROUTINE - this is defined in several
694 board configurations files but used nowhere!
696 CONFIG_IDE_RESET - is this is defined, IDE Reset will
697 be performed by calling the function
698 ide_set_reset(int reset)
699 which has to be defined in a board specific file
704 Set this to enable ATAPI support.
709 Set this to enable support for disks larger than 137GB
710 Also look at CFG_64BIT_LBA ,CFG_64BIT_VSPRINTF and CFG_64BIT_STRTOUL
711 Whithout these , LBA48 support uses 32bit variables and will 'only'
712 support disks up to 2.1TB.
715 When enabled, makes the IDE subsystem use 64bit sector addresses.
719 At the moment only there is only support for the
720 SYM53C8XX SCSI controller; define
721 CONFIG_SCSI_SYM53C8XX to enable it.
723 CFG_SCSI_MAX_LUN [8], CFG_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID [7] and
724 CFG_SCSI_MAX_DEVICE [CFG_SCSI_MAX_SCSI_ID *
725 CFG_SCSI_MAX_LUN] can be adjusted to define the
726 maximum numbers of LUNs, SCSI ID's and target
728 CFG_SCSI_SYM53C8XX_CCF to fix clock timing (80Mhz)
730 - NETWORK Support (PCI):
732 Support for Intel 8254x gigabit chips.
735 Support for Intel 82557/82559/82559ER chips.
736 Optional CONFIG_EEPRO100_SROM_WRITE enables eeprom
737 write routine for first time initialisation.
740 Support for Digital 2114x chips.
741 Optional CONFIG_TULIP_SELECT_MEDIA for board specific
742 modem chip initialisation (KS8761/QS6611).
745 Support for National dp83815 chips.
748 Support for National dp8382[01] gigabit chips.
750 - NETWORK Support (other):
752 CONFIG_DRIVER_LAN91C96
753 Support for SMSC's LAN91C96 chips.
756 Define this to hold the physical address
757 of the LAN91C96's I/O space
759 CONFIG_LAN91C96_USE_32_BIT
760 Define this to enable 32 bit addressing
762 CONFIG_DRIVER_SMC91111
763 Support for SMSC's LAN91C111 chip
766 Define this to hold the physical address
767 of the device (I/O space)
769 CONFIG_SMC_USE_32_BIT
770 Define this if data bus is 32 bits
772 CONFIG_SMC_USE_IOFUNCS
773 Define this to use i/o functions instead of macros
774 (some hardware wont work with macros)
777 At the moment only the UHCI host controller is
778 supported (PIP405, MIP405, MPC5200); define
779 CONFIG_USB_UHCI to enable it.
780 define CONFIG_USB_KEYBOARD to enable the USB Keyboard
781 and define CONFIG_USB_STORAGE to enable the USB
784 Supported are USB Keyboards and USB Floppy drives
786 MPC5200 USB requires additional defines:
788 for 528 MHz Clock: 0x0001bbbb
790 for differential drivers: 0x00001000
791 for single ended drivers: 0x00005000
793 May be defined to allow interrupt polling
794 instead of using asynchronous interrupts
797 Define the below if you wish to use the USB console.
798 Once firmware is rebuilt from a serial console issue the
799 command "setenv stdin usbtty; setenv stdout usbtty" and
800 attach your usb cable. The Unix command "dmesg" should print
801 it has found a new device. The environment variable usbtty
802 can be set to gserial or cdc_acm to enable your device to
803 appear to a USB host as a Linux gserial device or a
804 Common Device Class Abstract Control Model serial device.
805 If you select usbtty = gserial you should be able to enumerate
807 # modprobe usbserial vendor=0xVendorID product=0xProductID
808 else if using cdc_acm, simply setting the environment
809 variable usbtty to be cdc_acm should suffice. The following
810 might be defined in YourBoardName.h
813 Define this to build a UDC device
816 Define this to have a tty type of device available to
817 talk to the UDC device
819 CFG_CONSOLE_IS_IN_ENV
820 Define this if you want stdin, stdout &/or stderr to
824 CFG_USB_EXTC_CLK 0xBLAH
825 Derive USB clock from external clock "blah"
826 - CFG_USB_EXTC_CLK 0x02
828 CFG_USB_BRG_CLK 0xBLAH
829 Derive USB clock from brgclk
830 - CFG_USB_BRG_CLK 0x04
832 If you have a USB-IF assigned VendorID then you may wish to
833 define your own vendor specific values either in BoardName.h
834 or directly in usbd_vendor_info.h. If you don't define
835 CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER, CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME,
836 CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID and CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID, then U-Boot
837 should pretend to be a Linux device to it's target host.
839 CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER
840 Define this string as the name of your company for
841 - CONFIG_USBD_MANUFACTURER "my company"
843 CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME
844 Define this string as the name of your product
845 - CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCT_NAME "acme usb device"
848 Define this as your assigned Vendor ID from the USB
849 Implementors Forum. This *must* be a genuine Vendor ID
850 to avoid polluting the USB namespace.
851 - CONFIG_USBD_VENDORID 0xFFFF
853 CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID
854 Define this as the unique Product ID
856 - CONFIG_USBD_PRODUCTID 0xFFFF
860 The MMC controller on the Intel PXA is supported. To
861 enable this define CONFIG_MMC. The MMC can be
862 accessed from the boot prompt by mapping the device
863 to physical memory similar to flash. Command line is
864 enabled with CONFIG_CMD_MMC. The MMC driver also works with
865 the FAT fs. This is enabled with CONFIG_CMD_FAT.
867 - Journaling Flash filesystem support:
868 CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND, CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_OFF, CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_SIZE,
869 CONFIG_JFFS2_NAND_DEV
870 Define these for a default partition on a NAND device
872 CFG_JFFS2_FIRST_SECTOR,
873 CFG_JFFS2_FIRST_BANK, CFG_JFFS2_NUM_BANKS
874 Define these for a default partition on a NOR device
877 Define this to create an own partition. You have to provide a
878 function struct part_info* jffs2_part_info(int part_num)
880 If you define only one JFFS2 partition you may also want to
881 #define CFG_JFFS_SINGLE_PART 1
882 to disable the command chpart. This is the default when you
883 have not defined a custom partition
888 Define this to enable standard (PC-Style) keyboard
892 Standard PC keyboard driver with US (is default) and
893 GERMAN key layout (switch via environment 'keymap=de') support.
894 Export function i8042_kbd_init, i8042_tstc and i8042_getc
895 for cfb_console. Supports cursor blinking.
900 Define this to enable video support (for output to
905 Enable Chips & Technologies 69000 Video chip
907 CONFIG_VIDEO_SMI_LYNXEM
908 Enable Silicon Motion SMI 712/710/810 Video chip. The
909 video output is selected via environment 'videoout'
910 (1 = LCD and 2 = CRT). If videoout is undefined, CRT is
913 For the CT69000 and SMI_LYNXEM drivers, videomode is
914 selected via environment 'videomode'. Two diferent ways
916 - "videomode=num" 'num' is a standard LiLo mode numbers.
917 Following standard modes are supported (* is default):
919 Colors 640x480 800x600 1024x768 1152x864 1280x1024
920 -------------+---------------------------------------------
921 8 bits | 0x301* 0x303 0x305 0x161 0x307
922 15 bits | 0x310 0x313 0x316 0x162 0x319
923 16 bits | 0x311 0x314 0x317 0x163 0x31A
924 24 bits | 0x312 0x315 0x318 ? 0x31B
925 -------------+---------------------------------------------
926 (i.e. setenv videomode 317; saveenv; reset;)
928 - "videomode=bootargs" all the video parameters are parsed
929 from the bootargs. (See drivers/video/videomodes.c)
932 CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806
933 Enable Epson SED13806 driver. This driver supports 8bpp
934 and 16bpp modes defined by CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806_8BPP
935 or CONFIG_VIDEO_SED13806_16BPP
940 Define this to enable a custom keyboard support.
941 This simply calls drv_keyboard_init() which must be
942 defined in your board-specific files.
943 The only board using this so far is RBC823.
945 - LCD Support: CONFIG_LCD
947 Define this to enable LCD support (for output to LCD
948 display); also select one of the supported displays
949 by defining one of these:
951 CONFIG_NEC_NL6448AC33:
953 NEC NL6448AC33-18. Active, color, single scan.
955 CONFIG_NEC_NL6448BC20
957 NEC NL6448BC20-08. 6.5", 640x480.
958 Active, color, single scan.
960 CONFIG_NEC_NL6448BC33_54
962 NEC NL6448BC33-54. 10.4", 640x480.
963 Active, color, single scan.
967 Sharp 320x240. Active, color, single scan.
968 It isn't 16x9, and I am not sure what it is.
970 CONFIG_SHARP_LQ64D341
972 Sharp LQ64D341 display, 640x480.
973 Active, color, single scan.
977 HLD1045 display, 640x480.
978 Active, color, single scan.
982 Optrex CBL50840-2 NF-FW 99 22 M5
984 Hitachi LMG6912RPFC-00T
988 320x240. Black & white.
990 Normally display is black on white background; define
991 CFG_WHITE_ON_BLACK to get it inverted.
993 - Splash Screen Support: CONFIG_SPLASH_SCREEN
995 If this option is set, the environment is checked for
996 a variable "splashimage". If found, the usual display
997 of logo, copyright and system information on the LCD
998 is suppressed and the BMP image at the address
999 specified in "splashimage" is loaded instead. The
1000 console is redirected to the "nulldev", too. This
1001 allows for a "silent" boot where a splash screen is
1002 loaded very quickly after power-on.
1004 - Gzip compressed BMP image support: CONFIG_VIDEO_BMP_GZIP
1006 If this option is set, additionally to standard BMP
1007 images, gzipped BMP images can be displayed via the
1008 splashscreen support or the bmp command.
1010 - Compression support:
1013 If this option is set, support for bzip2 compressed
1014 images is included. If not, only uncompressed and gzip
1015 compressed images are supported.
1017 NOTE: the bzip2 algorithm requires a lot of RAM, so
1018 the malloc area (as defined by CFG_MALLOC_LEN) should
1024 The address of PHY on MII bus.
1026 CONFIG_PHY_CLOCK_FREQ (ppc4xx)
1028 The clock frequency of the MII bus
1032 If this option is set, support for speed/duplex
1033 detection of Gigabit PHY is included.
1035 CONFIG_PHY_RESET_DELAY
1037 Some PHY like Intel LXT971A need extra delay after
1038 reset before any MII register access is possible.
1039 For such PHY, set this option to the usec delay
1040 required. (minimum 300usec for LXT971A)
1042 CONFIG_PHY_CMD_DELAY (ppc4xx)
1044 Some PHY like Intel LXT971A need extra delay after
1045 command issued before MII status register can be read
1052 Define a default value for ethernet address to use
1053 for the respective ethernet interface, in case this
1054 is not determined automatically.
1059 Define a default value for the IP address to use for
1060 the default ethernet interface, in case this is not
1061 determined through e.g. bootp.
1063 - Server IP address:
1066 Defines a default value for theIP address of a TFTP
1067 server to contact when using the "tftboot" command.
1069 - Multicast TFTP Mode:
1072 Defines whether you want to support multicast TFTP as per
1073 rfc-2090; for example to work with atftp. Lets lots of targets
1074 tftp down the same boot image concurrently. Note: the ethernet
1075 driver in use must provide a function: mcast() to join/leave a
1078 CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY
1079 - BOOTP Recovery Mode:
1080 CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY
1082 If you have many targets in a network that try to
1083 boot using BOOTP, you may want to avoid that all
1084 systems send out BOOTP requests at precisely the same
1085 moment (which would happen for instance at recovery
1086 from a power failure, when all systems will try to
1087 boot, thus flooding the BOOTP server. Defining
1088 CONFIG_BOOTP_RANDOM_DELAY causes a random delay to be
1089 inserted before sending out BOOTP requests. The
1090 following delays are inserted then:
1092 1st BOOTP request: delay 0 ... 1 sec
1093 2nd BOOTP request: delay 0 ... 2 sec
1094 3rd BOOTP request: delay 0 ... 4 sec
1096 BOOTP requests: delay 0 ... 8 sec
1098 - DHCP Advanced Options:
1099 You can fine tune the DHCP functionality by defining
1100 CONFIG_BOOTP_* symbols:
1102 CONFIG_BOOTP_SUBNETMASK
1103 CONFIG_BOOTP_GATEWAY
1104 CONFIG_BOOTP_HOSTNAME
1105 CONFIG_BOOTP_NISDOMAIN
1106 CONFIG_BOOTP_BOOTPATH
1107 CONFIG_BOOTP_BOOTFILESIZE
1110 CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME
1111 CONFIG_BOOTP_NTPSERVER
1112 CONFIG_BOOTP_TIMEOFFSET
1113 CONFIG_BOOTP_VENDOREX
1115 CONFIG_BOOTP_SERVERIP - TFTP server will be the serverip
1116 environment variable, not the BOOTP server.
1118 CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS2 - If a DHCP client requests the DNS
1119 serverip from a DHCP server, it is possible that more
1120 than one DNS serverip is offered to the client.
1121 If CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS2 is enabled, the secondary DNS
1122 serverip will be stored in the additional environment
1123 variable "dnsip2". The first DNS serverip is always
1124 stored in the variable "dnsip", when CONFIG_BOOTP_DNS
1127 CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME - Some DHCP servers are capable
1128 to do a dynamic update of a DNS server. To do this, they
1129 need the hostname of the DHCP requester.
1130 If CONFIG_BOOTP_SEND_HOSTNAME is defined, the content
1131 of the "hostname" environment variable is passed as
1132 option 12 to the DHCP server.
1135 CONFIG_CDP_DEVICE_ID
1137 The device id used in CDP trigger frames.
1139 CONFIG_CDP_DEVICE_ID_PREFIX
1141 A two character string which is prefixed to the MAC address
1146 A printf format string which contains the ascii name of
1147 the port. Normally is set to "eth%d" which sets
1148 eth0 for the first ethernet, eth1 for the second etc.
1150 CONFIG_CDP_CAPABILITIES
1152 A 32bit integer which indicates the device capabilities;
1153 0x00000010 for a normal host which does not forwards.
1157 An ascii string containing the version of the software.
1161 An ascii string containing the name of the platform.
1165 A 32bit integer sent on the trigger.
1167 CONFIG_CDP_POWER_CONSUMPTION
1169 A 16bit integer containing the power consumption of the
1170 device in .1 of milliwatts.
1172 CONFIG_CDP_APPLIANCE_VLAN_TYPE
1174 A byte containing the id of the VLAN.
1176 - Status LED: CONFIG_STATUS_LED
1178 Several configurations allow to display the current
1179 status using a LED. For instance, the LED will blink
1180 fast while running U-Boot code, stop blinking as
1181 soon as a reply to a BOOTP request was received, and
1182 start blinking slow once the Linux kernel is running
1183 (supported by a status LED driver in the Linux
1184 kernel). Defining CONFIG_STATUS_LED enables this
1187 - CAN Support: CONFIG_CAN_DRIVER
1189 Defining CONFIG_CAN_DRIVER enables CAN driver support
1190 on those systems that support this (optional)
1191 feature, like the TQM8xxL modules.
1193 - I2C Support: CONFIG_HARD_I2C | CONFIG_SOFT_I2C
1195 These enable I2C serial bus commands. Defining either of
1196 (but not both of) CONFIG_HARD_I2C or CONFIG_SOFT_I2C will
1197 include the appropriate I2C driver for the selected cpu.
1199 This will allow you to use i2c commands at the u-boot
1200 command line (as long as you set CONFIG_CMD_I2C in
1201 CONFIG_COMMANDS) and communicate with i2c based realtime
1202 clock chips. See common/cmd_i2c.c for a description of the
1203 command line interface.
1205 CONFIG_I2C_CMD_TREE is a recommended option that places
1206 all I2C commands under a single 'i2c' root command. The
1207 older 'imm', 'imd', 'iprobe' etc. commands are considered
1208 deprecated and may disappear in the future.
1210 CONFIG_HARD_I2C selects a hardware I2C controller.
1212 CONFIG_SOFT_I2C configures u-boot to use a software (aka
1213 bit-banging) driver instead of CPM or similar hardware
1216 There are several other quantities that must also be
1217 defined when you define CONFIG_HARD_I2C or CONFIG_SOFT_I2C.
1219 In both cases you will need to define CFG_I2C_SPEED
1220 to be the frequency (in Hz) at which you wish your i2c bus
1221 to run and CFG_I2C_SLAVE to be the address of this node (ie
1222 the cpu's i2c node address).
1224 Now, the u-boot i2c code for the mpc8xx (cpu/mpc8xx/i2c.c)
1225 sets the cpu up as a master node and so its address should
1226 therefore be cleared to 0 (See, eg, MPC823e User's Manual
1227 p.16-473). So, set CFG_I2C_SLAVE to 0.
1229 That's all that's required for CONFIG_HARD_I2C.
1231 If you use the software i2c interface (CONFIG_SOFT_I2C)
1232 then the following macros need to be defined (examples are
1233 from include/configs/lwmon.h):
1237 (Optional). Any commands necessary to enable the I2C
1238 controller or configure ports.
1240 eg: #define I2C_INIT (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir |= PB_SCL)
1244 (Only for MPC8260 CPU). The I/O port to use (the code
1245 assumes both bits are on the same port). Valid values
1246 are 0..3 for ports A..D.
1250 The code necessary to make the I2C data line active
1251 (driven). If the data line is open collector, this
1254 eg: #define I2C_ACTIVE (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir |= PB_SDA)
1258 The code necessary to make the I2C data line tri-stated
1259 (inactive). If the data line is open collector, this
1262 eg: #define I2C_TRISTATE (immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdir &= ~PB_SDA)
1266 Code that returns TRUE if the I2C data line is high,
1269 eg: #define I2C_READ ((immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat & PB_SDA) != 0)
1273 If <bit> is TRUE, sets the I2C data line high. If it
1274 is FALSE, it clears it (low).
1276 eg: #define I2C_SDA(bit) \
1277 if(bit) immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat |= PB_SDA; \
1278 else immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat &= ~PB_SDA
1282 If <bit> is TRUE, sets the I2C clock line high. If it
1283 is FALSE, it clears it (low).
1285 eg: #define I2C_SCL(bit) \
1286 if(bit) immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat |= PB_SCL; \
1287 else immr->im_cpm.cp_pbdat &= ~PB_SCL
1291 This delay is invoked four times per clock cycle so this
1292 controls the rate of data transfer. The data rate thus
1293 is 1 / (I2C_DELAY * 4). Often defined to be something
1296 #define I2C_DELAY udelay(2)
1300 When a board is reset during an i2c bus transfer
1301 chips might think that the current transfer is still
1302 in progress. On some boards it is possible to access
1303 the i2c SCLK line directly, either by using the
1304 processor pin as a GPIO or by having a second pin
1305 connected to the bus. If this option is defined a
1306 custom i2c_init_board() routine in boards/xxx/board.c
1307 is run early in the boot sequence.
1309 CONFIG_I2CFAST (PPC405GP|PPC405EP only)
1311 This option enables configuration of bi_iic_fast[] flags
1312 in u-boot bd_info structure based on u-boot environment
1313 variable "i2cfast". (see also i2cfast)
1315 CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1317 This option allows the use of multiple I2C buses, each of which
1318 must have a controller. At any point in time, only one bus is
1319 active. To switch to a different bus, use the 'i2c dev' command.
1320 Note that bus numbering is zero-based.
1324 This option specifies a list of I2C devices that will be skipped
1325 when the 'i2c probe' command is issued (or 'iprobe' using the legacy
1326 command). If CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS is set, specify a list of bus-device
1327 pairs. Otherwise, specify a 1D array of device addresses
1330 #undef CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1331 #define CFG_I2C_NOPROBES {0x50,0x68}
1333 will skip addresses 0x50 and 0x68 on a board with one I2C bus
1335 #define CONFIG_I2C_MULTI_BUS
1336 #define CFG_I2C_MULTI_NOPROBES {{0,0x50},{0,0x68},{1,0x54}}
1338 will skip addresses 0x50 and 0x68 on bus 0 and address 0x54 on bus 1
1342 If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for DDR SPD.
1343 If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that SPD is on I2C bus 0.
1347 If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for the RTC.
1348 If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that RTC is on I2C bus 0.
1352 If defined, then this indicates the I2C bus number for the DTT.
1353 If not defined, then U-Boot assumes that DTT is on I2C bus 0.
1357 Define this option if you want to use Freescale's I2C driver in
1358 drivers/i2c/fsl_i2c.c.
1361 - SPI Support: CONFIG_SPI
1363 Enables SPI driver (so far only tested with
1364 SPI EEPROM, also an instance works with Crystal A/D and
1365 D/As on the SACSng board)
1369 Enables extended (16-bit) SPI EEPROM addressing.
1370 (symmetrical to CONFIG_I2C_X)
1374 Enables a software (bit-bang) SPI driver rather than
1375 using hardware support. This is a general purpose
1376 driver that only requires three general I/O port pins
1377 (two outputs, one input) to function. If this is
1378 defined, the board configuration must define several
1379 SPI configuration items (port pins to use, etc). For
1380 an example, see include/configs/sacsng.h.
1384 Enables a hardware SPI driver for general-purpose reads
1385 and writes. As with CONFIG_SOFT_SPI, the board configuration
1386 must define a list of chip-select function pointers.
1387 Currently supported on some MPC8xxx processors. For an
1388 example, see include/configs/mpc8349emds.h.
1390 - FPGA Support: CONFIG_FPGA
1392 Enables FPGA subsystem.
1394 CONFIG_FPGA_<vendor>
1396 Enables support for specific chip vendors.
1399 CONFIG_FPGA_<family>
1401 Enables support for FPGA family.
1402 (SPARTAN2, SPARTAN3, VIRTEX2, CYCLONE2, ACEX1K, ACEX)
1406 Specify the number of FPGA devices to support.
1408 CFG_FPGA_PROG_FEEDBACK
1410 Enable printing of hash marks during FPGA configuration.
1414 Enable checks on FPGA configuration interface busy
1415 status by the configuration function. This option
1416 will require a board or device specific function to
1421 If defined, a function that provides delays in the FPGA
1422 configuration driver.
1424 CFG_FPGA_CHECK_CTRLC
1425 Allow Control-C to interrupt FPGA configuration
1427 CFG_FPGA_CHECK_ERROR
1429 Check for configuration errors during FPGA bitfile
1430 loading. For example, abort during Virtex II
1431 configuration if the INIT_B line goes low (which
1432 indicated a CRC error).
1436 Maximum time to wait for the INIT_B line to deassert
1437 after PROB_B has been deasserted during a Virtex II
1438 FPGA configuration sequence. The default time is 500
1443 Maximum time to wait for BUSY to deassert during
1444 Virtex II FPGA configuration. The default is 5 mS.
1446 CFG_FPGA_WAIT_CONFIG
1448 Time to wait after FPGA configuration. The default is
1451 - Configuration Management:
1454 If defined, this string will be added to the U-Boot
1455 version information (U_BOOT_VERSION)
1457 - Vendor Parameter Protection:
1459 U-Boot considers the values of the environment
1460 variables "serial#" (Board Serial Number) and
1461 "ethaddr" (Ethernet Address) to be parameters that
1462 are set once by the board vendor / manufacturer, and
1463 protects these variables from casual modification by
1464 the user. Once set, these variables are read-only,
1465 and write or delete attempts are rejected. You can
1466 change this behviour:
1468 If CONFIG_ENV_OVERWRITE is #defined in your config
1469 file, the write protection for vendor parameters is
1470 completely disabled. Anybody can change or delete
1473 Alternatively, if you #define _both_ CONFIG_ETHADDR
1474 _and_ CONFIG_OVERWRITE_ETHADDR_ONCE, a default
1475 ethernet address is installed in the environment,
1476 which can be changed exactly ONCE by the user. [The
1477 serial# is unaffected by this, i. e. it remains
1483 Define this variable to enable the reservation of
1484 "protected RAM", i. e. RAM which is not overwritten
1485 by U-Boot. Define CONFIG_PRAM to hold the number of
1486 kB you want to reserve for pRAM. You can overwrite
1487 this default value by defining an environment
1488 variable "pram" to the number of kB you want to
1489 reserve. Note that the board info structure will
1490 still show the full amount of RAM. If pRAM is
1491 reserved, a new environment variable "mem" will
1492 automatically be defined to hold the amount of
1493 remaining RAM in a form that can be passed as boot
1494 argument to Linux, for instance like that:
1496 setenv bootargs ... mem=\${mem}
1499 This way you can tell Linux not to use this memory,
1500 either, which results in a memory region that will
1501 not be affected by reboots.
1503 *WARNING* If your board configuration uses automatic
1504 detection of the RAM size, you must make sure that
1505 this memory test is non-destructive. So far, the
1506 following board configurations are known to be
1509 ETX094, IVMS8, IVML24, SPD8xx, TQM8xxL,
1510 HERMES, IP860, RPXlite, LWMON, LANTEC,
1511 PCU_E, FLAGADM, TQM8260
1516 Define this variable to stop the system in case of a
1517 fatal error, so that you have to reset it manually.
1518 This is probably NOT a good idea for an embedded
1519 system where you want to system to reboot
1520 automatically as fast as possible, but it may be
1521 useful during development since you can try to debug
1522 the conditions that lead to the situation.
1524 CONFIG_NET_RETRY_COUNT
1526 This variable defines the number of retries for
1527 network operations like ARP, RARP, TFTP, or BOOTP
1528 before giving up the operation. If not defined, a
1529 default value of 5 is used.
1531 - Command Interpreter:
1532 CONFIG_AUTO_COMPLETE
1534 Enable auto completion of commands using TAB.
1536 Note that this feature has NOT been implemented yet
1537 for the "hush" shell.
1542 Define this variable to enable the "hush" shell (from
1543 Busybox) as command line interpreter, thus enabling
1544 powerful command line syntax like
1545 if...then...else...fi conditionals or `&&' and '||'
1546 constructs ("shell scripts").
1548 If undefined, you get the old, much simpler behaviour
1549 with a somewhat smaller memory footprint.
1554 This defines the secondary prompt string, which is
1555 printed when the command interpreter needs more input
1556 to complete a command. Usually "> ".
1560 In the current implementation, the local variables
1561 space and global environment variables space are
1562 separated. Local variables are those you define by
1563 simply typing `name=value'. To access a local
1564 variable later on, you have write `$name' or
1565 `${name}'; to execute the contents of a variable
1566 directly type `$name' at the command prompt.
1568 Global environment variables are those you use
1569 setenv/printenv to work with. To run a command stored
1570 in such a variable, you need to use the run command,
1571 and you must not use the '$' sign to access them.
1573 To store commands and special characters in a
1574 variable, please use double quotation marks
1575 surrounding the whole text of the variable, instead
1576 of the backslashes before semicolons and special
1579 - Commandline Editing and History:
1580 CONFIG_CMDLINE_EDITING
1582 Enable editiong and History functions for interactive
1583 commandline input operations
1585 - Default Environment:
1586 CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS
1588 Define this to contain any number of null terminated
1589 strings (variable = value pairs) that will be part of
1590 the default environment compiled into the boot image.
1592 For example, place something like this in your
1593 board's config file:
1595 #define CONFIG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS \
1599 Warning: This method is based on knowledge about the
1600 internal format how the environment is stored by the
1601 U-Boot code. This is NOT an official, exported
1602 interface! Although it is unlikely that this format
1603 will change soon, there is no guarantee either.
1604 You better know what you are doing here.
1606 Note: overly (ab)use of the default environment is
1607 discouraged. Make sure to check other ways to preset
1608 the environment like the autoscript function or the
1611 - DataFlash Support:
1612 CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH
1614 Defining this option enables DataFlash features and
1615 allows to read/write in Dataflash via the standard
1618 - SystemACE Support:
1621 Adding this option adds support for Xilinx SystemACE
1622 chips attached via some sort of local bus. The address
1623 of the chip must alsh be defined in the
1624 CFG_SYSTEMACE_BASE macro. For example:
1626 #define CONFIG_SYSTEMACE
1627 #define CFG_SYSTEMACE_BASE 0xf0000000
1629 When SystemACE support is added, the "ace" device type
1630 becomes available to the fat commands, i.e. fatls.
1632 - TFTP Fixed UDP Port:
1635 If this is defined, the environment variable tftpsrcp
1636 is used to supply the TFTP UDP source port value.
1637 If tftpsrcp isn't defined, the normal pseudo-random port
1638 number generator is used.
1640 Also, the environment variable tftpdstp is used to supply
1641 the TFTP UDP destination port value. If tftpdstp isn't
1642 defined, the normal port 69 is used.
1644 The purpose for tftpsrcp is to allow a TFTP server to
1645 blindly start the TFTP transfer using the pre-configured
1646 target IP address and UDP port. This has the effect of
1647 "punching through" the (Windows XP) firewall, allowing
1648 the remainder of the TFTP transfer to proceed normally.
1649 A better solution is to properly configure the firewall,
1650 but sometimes that is not allowed.
1652 - Show boot progress:
1653 CONFIG_SHOW_BOOT_PROGRESS
1655 Defining this option allows to add some board-
1656 specific code (calling a user-provided function
1657 "show_boot_progress(int)") that enables you to show
1658 the system's boot progress on some display (for
1659 example, some LED's) on your board. At the moment,
1660 the following checkpoints are implemented:
1663 1 common/cmd_bootm.c before attempting to boot an image
1664 -1 common/cmd_bootm.c Image header has bad magic number
1665 2 common/cmd_bootm.c Image header has correct magic number
1666 -2 common/cmd_bootm.c Image header has bad checksum
1667 3 common/cmd_bootm.c Image header has correct checksum
1668 -3 common/cmd_bootm.c Image data has bad checksum
1669 4 common/cmd_bootm.c Image data has correct checksum
1670 -4 common/cmd_bootm.c Image is for unsupported architecture
1671 5 common/cmd_bootm.c Architecture check OK
1672 -5 common/cmd_bootm.c Wrong Image Type (not kernel, multi, standalone)
1673 6 common/cmd_bootm.c Image Type check OK
1674 -6 common/cmd_bootm.c gunzip uncompression error
1675 -7 common/cmd_bootm.c Unimplemented compression type
1676 7 common/cmd_bootm.c Uncompression OK
1677 -8 common/cmd_bootm.c Wrong Image Type (not kernel, multi, standalone)
1678 8 common/cmd_bootm.c Image Type check OK
1679 -9 common/cmd_bootm.c Unsupported OS (not Linux, BSD, VxWorks, QNX)
1680 9 common/cmd_bootm.c Start initial ramdisk verification
1681 -10 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk header has bad magic number
1682 -11 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk header has bad checksum
1683 10 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk header is OK
1684 -12 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk data has bad checksum
1685 11 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk data has correct checksum
1686 12 common/cmd_bootm.c Ramdisk verification complete, start loading
1687 -13 common/cmd_bootm.c Wrong Image Type (not PPC Linux Ramdisk)
1688 13 common/cmd_bootm.c Start multifile image verification
1689 14 common/cmd_bootm.c No initial ramdisk, no multifile, continue.
1690 15 common/cmd_bootm.c All preparation done, transferring control to OS
1692 -30 lib_ppc/board.c Fatal error, hang the system
1693 -31 post/post.c POST test failed, detected by post_output_backlog()
1694 -32 post/post.c POST test failed, detected by post_run_single()
1696 34 common/cmd_doc.c before loading a Image from a DOC device
1697 -35 common/cmd_doc.c Bad usage of "doc" command
1698 35 common/cmd_doc.c correct usage of "doc" command
1699 -36 common/cmd_doc.c No boot device
1700 36 common/cmd_doc.c correct boot device
1701 -37 common/cmd_doc.c Unknown Chip ID on boot device
1702 37 common/cmd_doc.c correct chip ID found, device available
1703 -38 common/cmd_doc.c Read Error on boot device
1704 38 common/cmd_doc.c reading Image header from DOC device OK
1705 -39 common/cmd_doc.c Image header has bad magic number
1706 39 common/cmd_doc.c Image header has correct magic number
1707 -40 common/cmd_doc.c Error reading Image from DOC device
1708 40 common/cmd_doc.c Image header has correct magic number
1709 41 common/cmd_ide.c before loading a Image from a IDE device
1710 -42 common/cmd_ide.c Bad usage of "ide" command
1711 42 common/cmd_ide.c correct usage of "ide" command
1712 -43 common/cmd_ide.c No boot device
1713 43 common/cmd_ide.c boot device found
1714 -44 common/cmd_ide.c Device not available
1715 44 common/cmd_ide.c Device available
1716 -45 common/cmd_ide.c wrong partition selected
1717 45 common/cmd_ide.c partition selected
1718 -46 common/cmd_ide.c Unknown partition table
1719 46 common/cmd_ide.c valid partition table found
1720 -47 common/cmd_ide.c Invalid partition type
1721 47 common/cmd_ide.c correct partition type
1722 -48 common/cmd_ide.c Error reading Image Header on boot device
1723 48 common/cmd_ide.c reading Image Header from IDE device OK
1724 -49 common/cmd_ide.c Image header has bad magic number
1725 49 common/cmd_ide.c Image header has correct magic number
1726 -50 common/cmd_ide.c Image header has bad checksum
1727 50 common/cmd_ide.c Image header has correct checksum
1728 -51 common/cmd_ide.c Error reading Image from IDE device
1729 51 common/cmd_ide.c reading Image from IDE device OK
1730 52 common/cmd_nand.c before loading a Image from a NAND device
1731 -53 common/cmd_nand.c Bad usage of "nand" command
1732 53 common/cmd_nand.c correct usage of "nand" command
1733 -54 common/cmd_nand.c No boot device
1734 54 common/cmd_nand.c boot device found
1735 -55 common/cmd_nand.c Unknown Chip ID on boot device
1736 55 common/cmd_nand.c correct chip ID found, device available
1737 -56 common/cmd_nand.c Error reading Image Header on boot device
1738 56 common/cmd_nand.c reading Image Header from NAND device OK
1739 -57 common/cmd_nand.c Image header has bad magic number
1740 57 common/cmd_nand.c Image header has correct magic number
1741 -58 common/cmd_nand.c Error reading Image from NAND device
1742 58 common/cmd_nand.c reading Image from NAND device OK
1744 -60 common/env_common.c Environment has a bad CRC, using default
1746 64 net/eth.c starting with Ethernetconfiguration.
1747 -64 net/eth.c no Ethernet found.
1748 65 net/eth.c Ethernet found.
1750 -80 common/cmd_net.c usage wrong
1751 80 common/cmd_net.c before calling NetLoop()
1752 -81 common/cmd_net.c some error in NetLoop() occured
1753 81 common/cmd_net.c NetLoop() back without error
1754 -82 common/cmd_net.c size == 0 (File with size 0 loaded)
1755 82 common/cmd_net.c trying automatic boot
1756 83 common/cmd_net.c running autoscript
1757 -83 common/cmd_net.c some error in automatic boot or autoscript
1758 84 common/cmd_net.c end without errors
1763 [so far only for SMDK2400 and TRAB boards]
1765 - Modem support endable:
1766 CONFIG_MODEM_SUPPORT
1768 - RTS/CTS Flow control enable:
1771 - Modem debug support:
1772 CONFIG_MODEM_SUPPORT_DEBUG
1774 Enables debugging stuff (char screen[1024], dbg())
1775 for modem support. Useful only with BDI2000.
1777 - Interrupt support (PPC):
1779 There are common interrupt_init() and timer_interrupt()
1780 for all PPC archs. interrupt_init() calls interrupt_init_cpu()
1781 for cpu specific initialization. interrupt_init_cpu()
1782 should set decrementer_count to appropriate value. If
1783 cpu resets decrementer automatically after interrupt
1784 (ppc4xx) it should set decrementer_count to zero.
1785 timer_interrupt() calls timer_interrupt_cpu() for cpu
1786 specific handling. If board has watchdog / status_led
1787 / other_activity_monitor it works automatically from
1788 general timer_interrupt().
1792 In the target system modem support is enabled when a
1793 specific key (key combination) is pressed during
1794 power-on. Otherwise U-Boot will boot normally
1795 (autoboot). The key_pressed() fuction is called from
1796 board_init(). Currently key_pressed() is a dummy
1797 function, returning 1 and thus enabling modem
1800 If there are no modem init strings in the
1801 environment, U-Boot proceed to autoboot; the
1802 previous output (banner, info printfs) will be
1805 See also: doc/README.Modem
1808 Configuration Settings:
1809 -----------------------
1811 - CFG_LONGHELP: Defined when you want long help messages included;
1812 undefine this when you're short of memory.
1814 - CFG_PROMPT: This is what U-Boot prints on the console to
1815 prompt for user input.
1817 - CFG_CBSIZE: Buffer size for input from the Console
1819 - CFG_PBSIZE: Buffer size for Console output
1821 - CFG_MAXARGS: max. Number of arguments accepted for monitor commands
1823 - CFG_BARGSIZE: Buffer size for Boot Arguments which are passed to
1824 the application (usually a Linux kernel) when it is
1827 - CFG_BAUDRATE_TABLE:
1828 List of legal baudrate settings for this board.
1830 - CFG_CONSOLE_INFO_QUIET
1831 Suppress display of console information at boot.
1833 - CFG_CONSOLE_IS_IN_ENV
1834 If the board specific function
1835 extern int overwrite_console (void);
1836 returns 1, the stdin, stderr and stdout are switched to the
1837 serial port, else the settings in the environment are used.
1839 - CFG_CONSOLE_OVERWRITE_ROUTINE
1840 Enable the call to overwrite_console().
1842 - CFG_CONSOLE_ENV_OVERWRITE
1843 Enable overwrite of previous console environment settings.
1845 - CFG_MEMTEST_START, CFG_MEMTEST_END:
1846 Begin and End addresses of the area used by the
1850 Enable an alternate, more extensive memory test.
1852 - CFG_MEMTEST_SCRATCH:
1853 Scratch address used by the alternate memory test
1854 You only need to set this if address zero isn't writeable
1856 - CFG_TFTP_LOADADDR:
1857 Default load address for network file downloads
1859 - CFG_LOADS_BAUD_CHANGE:
1860 Enable temporary baudrate change while serial download
1863 Physical start address of SDRAM. _Must_ be 0 here.
1866 Physical start address of Motherboard I/O (if using a
1870 Physical start address of Flash memory.
1873 Physical start address of boot monitor code (set by
1874 make config files to be same as the text base address
1875 (TEXT_BASE) used when linking) - same as
1876 CFG_FLASH_BASE when booting from flash.
1879 Size of memory reserved for monitor code, used to
1880 determine _at_compile_time_ (!) if the environment is
1881 embedded within the U-Boot image, or in a separate
1885 Size of DRAM reserved for malloc() use.
1888 Normally compressed uImages are limited to an
1889 uncompressed size of 8 MBytes. If this is not enough,
1890 you can define CFG_BOOTM_LEN in your board config file
1891 to adjust this setting to your needs.
1894 Maximum size of memory mapped by the startup code of
1895 the Linux kernel; all data that must be processed by
1896 the Linux kernel (bd_info, boot arguments, eventually
1897 initrd image) must be put below this limit.
1899 - CFG_MAX_FLASH_BANKS:
1900 Max number of Flash memory banks
1902 - CFG_MAX_FLASH_SECT:
1903 Max number of sectors on a Flash chip
1905 - CFG_FLASH_ERASE_TOUT:
1906 Timeout for Flash erase operations (in ms)
1908 - CFG_FLASH_WRITE_TOUT:
1909 Timeout for Flash write operations (in ms)
1911 - CFG_FLASH_LOCK_TOUT
1912 Timeout for Flash set sector lock bit operation (in ms)
1914 - CFG_FLASH_UNLOCK_TOUT
1915 Timeout for Flash clear lock bits operation (in ms)
1917 - CFG_FLASH_PROTECTION
1918 If defined, hardware flash sectors protection is used
1919 instead of U-Boot software protection.
1921 - CFG_DIRECT_FLASH_TFTP:
1923 Enable TFTP transfers directly to flash memory;
1924 without this option such a download has to be
1925 performed in two steps: (1) download to RAM, and (2)
1926 copy from RAM to flash.
1928 The two-step approach is usually more reliable, since
1929 you can check if the download worked before you erase
1930 the flash, but in some situations (when sytem RAM is
1931 too limited to allow for a tempory copy of the
1932 downloaded image) this option may be very useful.
1935 Define if the flash driver uses extra elements in the
1936 common flash structure for storing flash geometry.
1938 - CFG_FLASH_CFI_DRIVER
1939 This option also enables the building of the cfi_flash driver
1940 in the drivers directory
1942 - CFG_FLASH_QUIET_TEST
1943 If this option is defined, the common CFI flash doesn't
1944 print it's warning upon not recognized FLASH banks. This
1945 is useful, if some of the configured banks are only
1946 optionally available.
1948 - CFG_RX_ETH_BUFFER:
1949 Defines the number of ethernet receive buffers. On some
1950 ethernet controllers it is recommended to set this value
1951 to 8 or even higher (EEPRO100 or 405 EMAC), since all
1952 buffers can be full shortly after enabling the interface
1953 on high ethernet traffic.
1954 Defaults to 4 if not defined.
1956 The following definitions that deal with the placement and management
1957 of environment data (variable area); in general, we support the
1958 following configurations:
1960 - CFG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH:
1962 Define this if the environment is in flash memory.
1964 a) The environment occupies one whole flash sector, which is
1965 "embedded" in the text segment with the U-Boot code. This
1966 happens usually with "bottom boot sector" or "top boot
1967 sector" type flash chips, which have several smaller
1968 sectors at the start or the end. For instance, such a
1969 layout can have sector sizes of 8, 2x4, 16, Nx32 kB. In
1970 such a case you would place the environment in one of the
1971 4 kB sectors - with U-Boot code before and after it. With
1972 "top boot sector" type flash chips, you would put the
1973 environment in one of the last sectors, leaving a gap
1974 between U-Boot and the environment.
1978 Offset of environment data (variable area) to the
1979 beginning of flash memory; for instance, with bottom boot
1980 type flash chips the second sector can be used: the offset
1981 for this sector is given here.
1983 CFG_ENV_OFFSET is used relative to CFG_FLASH_BASE.
1987 This is just another way to specify the start address of
1988 the flash sector containing the environment (instead of
1991 - CFG_ENV_SECT_SIZE:
1993 Size of the sector containing the environment.
1996 b) Sometimes flash chips have few, equal sized, BIG sectors.
1997 In such a case you don't want to spend a whole sector for
2002 If you use this in combination with CFG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH
2003 and CFG_ENV_SECT_SIZE, you can specify to use only a part
2004 of this flash sector for the environment. This saves
2005 memory for the RAM copy of the environment.
2007 It may also save flash memory if you decide to use this
2008 when your environment is "embedded" within U-Boot code,
2009 since then the remainder of the flash sector could be used
2010 for U-Boot code. It should be pointed out that this is
2011 STRONGLY DISCOURAGED from a robustness point of view:
2012 updating the environment in flash makes it always
2013 necessary to erase the WHOLE sector. If something goes
2014 wrong before the contents has been restored from a copy in
2015 RAM, your target system will be dead.
2017 - CFG_ENV_ADDR_REDUND
2020 These settings describe a second storage area used to hold
2021 a redundand copy of the environment data, so that there is
2022 a valid backup copy in case there is a power failure during
2023 a "saveenv" operation.
2025 BE CAREFUL! Any changes to the flash layout, and some changes to the
2026 source code will make it necessary to adapt <board>/u-boot.lds*
2030 - CFG_ENV_IS_IN_NVRAM:
2032 Define this if you have some non-volatile memory device
2033 (NVRAM, battery buffered SRAM) which you want to use for the
2039 These two #defines are used to determin the memory area you
2040 want to use for environment. It is assumed that this memory
2041 can just be read and written to, without any special
2044 BE CAREFUL! The first access to the environment happens quite early
2045 in U-Boot initalization (when we try to get the setting of for the
2046 console baudrate). You *MUST* have mappend your NVRAM area then, or
2049 Please note that even with NVRAM we still use a copy of the
2050 environment in RAM: we could work on NVRAM directly, but we want to
2051 keep settings there always unmodified except somebody uses "saveenv"
2052 to save the current settings.
2055 - CFG_ENV_IS_IN_EEPROM:
2057 Use this if you have an EEPROM or similar serial access
2058 device and a driver for it.
2063 These two #defines specify the offset and size of the
2064 environment area within the total memory of your EEPROM.
2066 - CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR:
2067 If defined, specified the chip address of the EEPROM device.
2068 The default address is zero.
2070 - CFG_EEPROM_PAGE_WRITE_BITS:
2071 If defined, the number of bits used to address bytes in a
2072 single page in the EEPROM device. A 64 byte page, for example
2073 would require six bits.
2075 - CFG_EEPROM_PAGE_WRITE_DELAY_MS:
2076 If defined, the number of milliseconds to delay between
2077 page writes. The default is zero milliseconds.
2079 - CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR_LEN:
2080 The length in bytes of the EEPROM memory array address. Note
2081 that this is NOT the chip address length!
2083 - CFG_I2C_EEPROM_ADDR_OVERFLOW:
2084 EEPROM chips that implement "address overflow" are ones
2085 like Catalyst 24WC04/08/16 which has 9/10/11 bits of
2086 address and the extra bits end up in the "chip address" bit
2087 slots. This makes a 24WC08 (1Kbyte) chip look like four 256
2090 Note that we consider the length of the address field to
2091 still be one byte because the extra address bits are hidden
2092 in the chip address.
2095 The size in bytes of the EEPROM device.
2098 - CFG_ENV_IS_IN_DATAFLASH:
2100 Define this if you have a DataFlash memory device which you
2101 want to use for the environment.
2107 These three #defines specify the offset and size of the
2108 environment area within the total memory of your DataFlash placed
2109 at the specified address.
2111 - CFG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND:
2113 Define this if you have a NAND device which you want to use
2114 for the environment.
2119 These two #defines specify the offset and size of the environment
2120 area within the first NAND device.
2122 - CFG_ENV_OFFSET_REDUND
2124 This setting describes a second storage area of CFG_ENV_SIZE
2125 size used to hold a redundant copy of the environment data,
2126 so that there is a valid backup copy in case there is a
2127 power failure during a "saveenv" operation.
2129 Note: CFG_ENV_OFFSET and CFG_ENV_OFFSET_REDUND must be aligned
2130 to a block boundary, and CFG_ENV_SIZE must be a multiple of
2131 the NAND devices block size.
2133 - CFG_SPI_INIT_OFFSET
2135 Defines offset to the initial SPI buffer area in DPRAM. The
2136 area is used at an early stage (ROM part) if the environment
2137 is configured to reside in the SPI EEPROM: We need a 520 byte
2138 scratch DPRAM area. It is used between the two initialization
2139 calls (spi_init_f() and spi_init_r()). A value of 0xB00 seems
2140 to be a good choice since it makes it far enough from the
2141 start of the data area as well as from the stack pointer.
2143 Please note that the environment is read-only until the monitor
2144 has been relocated to RAM and a RAM copy of the environment has been
2145 created; also, when using EEPROM you will have to use getenv_r()
2146 until then to read environment variables.
2148 The environment is protected by a CRC32 checksum. Before the monitor
2149 is relocated into RAM, as a result of a bad CRC you will be working
2150 with the compiled-in default environment - *silently*!!! [This is
2151 necessary, because the first environment variable we need is the
2152 "baudrate" setting for the console - if we have a bad CRC, we don't
2153 have any device yet where we could complain.]
2155 Note: once the monitor has been relocated, then it will complain if
2156 the default environment is used; a new CRC is computed as soon as you
2157 use the "saveenv" command to store a valid environment.
2159 - CFG_FAULT_ECHO_LINK_DOWN:
2160 Echo the inverted Ethernet link state to the fault LED.
2162 Note: If this option is active, then CFG_FAULT_MII_ADDR
2163 also needs to be defined.
2165 - CFG_FAULT_MII_ADDR:
2166 MII address of the PHY to check for the Ethernet link state.
2168 - CFG_64BIT_VSPRINTF:
2169 Makes vsprintf (and all *printf functions) support printing
2170 of 64bit values by using the L quantifier
2172 - CFG_64BIT_STRTOUL:
2173 Adds simple_strtoull that returns a 64bit value
2175 Low Level (hardware related) configuration options:
2176 ---------------------------------------------------
2178 - CFG_CACHELINE_SIZE:
2179 Cache Line Size of the CPU.
2182 Default address of the IMMR after system reset.
2184 Needed on some 8260 systems (MPC8260ADS, PQ2FADS-ZU,
2185 and RPXsuper) to be able to adjust the position of
2186 the IMMR register after a reset.
2188 - Floppy Disk Support:
2189 CFG_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER
2191 the default drive number (default value 0)
2195 defines the spacing between fdc chipset registers
2200 defines the offset of register from address. It
2201 depends on which part of the data bus is connected to
2202 the fdc chipset. (default value 0)
2204 If CFG_ISA_IO_STRIDE CFG_ISA_IO_OFFSET and
2205 CFG_FDC_DRIVE_NUMBER are undefined, they take their
2208 if CFG_FDC_HW_INIT is defined, then the function
2209 fdc_hw_init() is called at the beginning of the FDC
2210 setup. fdc_hw_init() must be provided by the board
2211 source code. It is used to make hardware dependant
2214 - CFG_IMMR: Physical address of the Internal Memory.
2215 DO NOT CHANGE unless you know exactly what you're
2216 doing! (11-4) [MPC8xx/82xx systems only]
2218 - CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR:
2220 Start address of memory area that can be used for
2221 initial data and stack; please note that this must be
2222 writable memory that is working WITHOUT special
2223 initialization, i. e. you CANNOT use normal RAM which
2224 will become available only after programming the
2225 memory controller and running certain initialization
2228 U-Boot uses the following memory types:
2229 - MPC8xx and MPC8260: IMMR (internal memory of the CPU)
2230 - MPC824X: data cache
2231 - PPC4xx: data cache
2233 - CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET:
2235 Offset of the initial data structure in the memory
2236 area defined by CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR. Usually
2237 CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET is chosen such that the initial
2238 data is located at the end of the available space
2239 (sometimes written as (CFG_INIT_RAM_END -
2240 CFG_INIT_DATA_SIZE), and the initial stack is just
2241 below that area (growing from (CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR +
2242 CFG_GBL_DATA_OFFSET) downward.
2245 On the MPC824X (or other systems that use the data
2246 cache for initial memory) the address chosen for
2247 CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR is basically arbitrary - it must
2248 point to an otherwise UNUSED address space between
2249 the top of RAM and the start of the PCI space.
2251 - CFG_SIUMCR: SIU Module Configuration (11-6)
2253 - CFG_SYPCR: System Protection Control (11-9)
2255 - CFG_TBSCR: Time Base Status and Control (11-26)
2257 - CFG_PISCR: Periodic Interrupt Status and Control (11-31)
2259 - CFG_PLPRCR: PLL, Low-Power, and Reset Control Register (15-30)
2261 - CFG_SCCR: System Clock and reset Control Register (15-27)
2263 - CFG_OR_TIMING_SDRAM:
2267 periodic timer for refresh
2269 - CFG_DER: Debug Event Register (37-47)
2271 - FLASH_BASE0_PRELIM, FLASH_BASE1_PRELIM, CFG_REMAP_OR_AM,
2272 CFG_PRELIM_OR_AM, CFG_OR_TIMING_FLASH, CFG_OR0_REMAP,
2273 CFG_OR0_PRELIM, CFG_BR0_PRELIM, CFG_OR1_REMAP, CFG_OR1_PRELIM,
2275 Memory Controller Definitions: BR0/1 and OR0/1 (FLASH)
2277 - SDRAM_BASE2_PRELIM, SDRAM_BASE3_PRELIM, SDRAM_MAX_SIZE,
2278 CFG_OR_TIMING_SDRAM, CFG_OR2_PRELIM, CFG_BR2_PRELIM,
2279 CFG_OR3_PRELIM, CFG_BR3_PRELIM:
2280 Memory Controller Definitions: BR2/3 and OR2/3 (SDRAM)
2282 - CFG_MAMR_PTA, CFG_MPTPR_2BK_4K, CFG_MPTPR_1BK_4K, CFG_MPTPR_2BK_8K,
2283 CFG_MPTPR_1BK_8K, CFG_MAMR_8COL, CFG_MAMR_9COL:
2284 Machine Mode Register and Memory Periodic Timer
2285 Prescaler definitions (SDRAM timing)
2287 - CFG_I2C_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_I2C_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
2288 enable I2C microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
2289 define relocation offset in DPRAM [DSP2]
2291 - CFG_SMC_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_SMC_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
2292 enable SMC microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
2293 define relocation offset in DPRAM [SMC1]
2295 - CFG_SPI_UCODE_PATCH, CFG_SPI_DPMEM_OFFSET [0x1FC0]:
2296 enable SPI microcode relocation patch (MPC8xx);
2297 define relocation offset in DPRAM [SCC4]
2300 Use OSCM clock mode on MBX8xx board. Be careful,
2301 wrong setting might damage your board. Read
2302 doc/README.MBX before setting this variable!
2304 - CFG_CPM_POST_WORD_ADDR: (MPC8xx, MPC8260 only)
2305 Offset of the bootmode word in DPRAM used by post
2306 (Power On Self Tests). This definition overrides
2307 #define'd default value in commproc.h resp.
2310 - CFG_PCI_SLV_MEM_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_SLV_MEM_BUS, CFG_PICMR0_MASK_ATTRIB,
2311 CFG_PCI_MSTR0_LOCAL, CFG_PCIMSK0_MASK, CFG_PCI_MSTR1_LOCAL,
2312 CFG_PCIMSK1_MASK, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_BUS,
2313 CFG_CPU_PCI_MEM_START, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEM_SIZE, CFG_POCMR0_MASK_ATTRIB,
2314 CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_LOCAL, CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_BUS, CPU_PCI_MEMIO_START,
2315 CFG_PCI_MSTR_MEMIO_SIZE, CFG_POCMR1_MASK_ATTRIB, CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_LOCAL,
2316 CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_BUS, CFG_CPU_PCI_IO_START, CFG_PCI_MSTR_IO_SIZE,
2317 CFG_POCMR2_MASK_ATTRIB: (MPC826x only)
2318 Overrides the default PCI memory map in cpu/mpc8260/pci.c if set.
2321 Get DDR timing information from an I2C EEPROM. Common with pluggable
2322 memory modules such as SODIMMs
2324 I2C address of the SPD EEPROM
2327 If SPD EEPROM is on an I2C bus other than the first one, specify here.
2328 Note that the value must resolve to something your driver can deal with.
2330 - CFG_83XX_DDR_USES_CS0
2331 Only for 83xx systems. If specified, then DDR should be configured
2332 using CS0 and CS1 instead of CS2 and CS3.
2334 - CFG_83XX_DDR_USES_CS0
2335 Only for 83xx systems. If specified, then DDR should be configured
2336 using CS0 and CS1 instead of CS2 and CS3.
2338 - CONFIG_ETHER_ON_FEC[12]
2339 Define to enable FEC[12] on a 8xx series processor.
2341 - CONFIG_FEC[12]_PHY
2342 Define to the hardcoded PHY address which corresponds
2343 to the given FEC; i. e.
2344 #define CONFIG_FEC1_PHY 4
2345 means that the PHY with address 4 is connected to FEC1
2347 When set to -1, means to probe for first available.
2349 - CONFIG_FEC[12]_PHY_NORXERR
2350 The PHY does not have a RXERR line (RMII only).
2351 (so program the FEC to ignore it).
2354 Enable RMII mode for all FECs.
2355 Note that this is a global option, we can't
2356 have one FEC in standard MII mode and another in RMII mode.
2358 - CONFIG_CRC32_VERIFY
2359 Add a verify option to the crc32 command.
2362 => crc32 -v <address> <count> <crc32>
2364 Where address/count indicate a memory area
2365 and crc32 is the correct crc32 which the
2369 Add the "loopw" memory command. This only takes effect if
2370 the memory commands are activated globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEM).
2373 Add the "mdc" and "mwc" memory commands. These are cyclic
2378 This command will print 4 bytes (10,11,12,13) each 500 ms.
2380 => mwc.l 100 12345678 10
2381 This command will write 12345678 to address 100 all 10 ms.
2383 This only takes effect if the memory commands are activated
2384 globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEM).
2386 - CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT
2387 - CONFIG_SKIP_RELOCATE_UBOOT
2389 [ARM only] If these variables are defined, then
2390 certain low level initializations (like setting up
2391 the memory controller) are omitted and/or U-Boot does
2392 not relocate itself into RAM.
2393 Normally these variables MUST NOT be defined. The
2394 only exception is when U-Boot is loaded (to RAM) by
2395 some other boot loader or by a debugger which
2396 performs these intializations itself.
2399 Building the Software:
2400 ======================
2402 Building U-Boot has been tested in native PPC environments (on a
2403 PowerBook G3 running LinuxPPC 2000) and in cross environments
2404 (running RedHat 6.x and 7.x Linux on x86, Solaris 2.6 on a SPARC, and
2407 If you are not using a native PPC environment, it is assumed that you
2408 have the GNU cross compiling tools available in your path and named
2409 with a prefix of "powerpc-linux-". If this is not the case, (e.g. if
2410 you are using Monta Vista's Hard Hat Linux CDK 1.2) you must change
2411 the definition of CROSS_COMPILE in Makefile. For HHL on a 4xx CPU,
2414 CROSS_COMPILE = ppc_4xx-
2417 U-Boot is intended to be simple to build. After installing the
2418 sources you must configure U-Boot for one specific board type. This
2423 where "NAME_config" is the name of one of the existing
2424 configurations; see the main Makefile for supported names.
2426 Note: for some board special configuration names may exist; check if
2427 additional information is available from the board vendor; for
2428 instance, the TQM823L systems are available without (standard)
2429 or with LCD support. You can select such additional "features"
2430 when chosing the configuration, i. e.
2433 - will configure for a plain TQM823L, i. e. no LCD support
2435 make TQM823L_LCD_config
2436 - will configure for a TQM823L with U-Boot console on LCD
2441 Finally, type "make all", and you should get some working U-Boot
2442 images ready for download to / installation on your system:
2444 - "u-boot.bin" is a raw binary image
2445 - "u-boot" is an image in ELF binary format
2446 - "u-boot.srec" is in Motorola S-Record format
2448 By default the build is performed locally and the objects are saved
2449 in the source directory. One of the two methods can be used to change
2450 this behavior and build U-Boot to some external directory:
2452 1. Add O= to the make command line invocations:
2454 make O=/tmp/build distclean
2455 make O=/tmp/build NAME_config
2456 make O=/tmp/build all
2458 2. Set environment variable BUILD_DIR to point to the desired location:
2460 export BUILD_DIR=/tmp/build
2465 Note that the command line "O=" setting overrides the BUILD_DIR environment
2469 Please be aware that the Makefiles assume you are using GNU make, so
2470 for instance on NetBSD you might need to use "gmake" instead of
2474 If the system board that you have is not listed, then you will need
2475 to port U-Boot to your hardware platform. To do this, follow these
2478 1. Add a new configuration option for your board to the toplevel
2479 "Makefile" and to the "MAKEALL" script, using the existing
2480 entries as examples. Note that here and at many other places
2481 boards and other names are listed in alphabetical sort order. Please
2483 2. Create a new directory to hold your board specific code. Add any
2484 files you need. In your board directory, you will need at least
2485 the "Makefile", a "<board>.c", "flash.c" and "u-boot.lds".
2486 3. Create a new configuration file "include/configs/<board>.h" for
2488 3. If you're porting U-Boot to a new CPU, then also create a new
2489 directory to hold your CPU specific code. Add any files you need.
2490 4. Run "make <board>_config" with your new name.
2491 5. Type "make", and you should get a working "u-boot.srec" file
2492 to be installed on your target system.
2493 6. Debug and solve any problems that might arise.
2494 [Of course, this last step is much harder than it sounds.]
2497 Testing of U-Boot Modifications, Ports to New Hardware, etc.:
2498 ==============================================================
2500 If you have modified U-Boot sources (for instance added a new board
2501 or support for new devices, a new CPU, etc.) you are expected to
2502 provide feedback to the other developers. The feedback normally takes
2503 the form of a "patch", i. e. a context diff against a certain (latest
2504 official or latest in CVS) version of U-Boot sources.
2506 But before you submit such a patch, please verify that your modifi-
2507 cation did not break existing code. At least make sure that *ALL* of
2508 the supported boards compile WITHOUT ANY compiler warnings. To do so,
2509 just run the "MAKEALL" script, which will configure and build U-Boot
2510 for ALL supported system. Be warned, this will take a while. You can
2511 select which (cross) compiler to use by passing a `CROSS_COMPILE'
2512 environment variable to the script, i. e. to use the cross tools from
2513 MontaVista's Hard Hat Linux you can type
2515 CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_8xx- MAKEALL
2517 or to build on a native PowerPC system you can type
2519 CROSS_COMPILE=' ' MAKEALL
2521 When using the MAKEALL script, the default behaviour is to build U-Boot
2522 in the source directory. This location can be changed by setting the
2523 BUILD_DIR environment variable. Also, for each target built, the MAKEALL
2524 script saves two log files (<target>.ERR and <target>.MAKEALL) in the
2525 <source dir>/LOG directory. This default location can be changed by
2526 setting the MAKEALL_LOGDIR environment variable. For example:
2528 export BUILD_DIR=/tmp/build
2529 export MAKEALL_LOGDIR=/tmp/log
2530 CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_8xx- MAKEALL
2532 With the above settings build objects are saved in the /tmp/build, log
2533 files are saved in the /tmp/log and the source tree remains clean during
2534 the whole build process.
2537 See also "U-Boot Porting Guide" below.
2540 Monitor Commands - Overview:
2541 ============================
2543 go - start application at address 'addr'
2544 run - run commands in an environment variable
2545 bootm - boot application image from memory
2546 bootp - boot image via network using BootP/TFTP protocol
2547 tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol
2548 and env variables "ipaddr" and "serverip"
2549 (and eventually "gatewayip")
2550 rarpboot- boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol
2551 diskboot- boot from IDE devicebootd - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
2552 loads - load S-Record file over serial line
2553 loadb - load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
2555 mm - memory modify (auto-incrementing)
2556 nm - memory modify (constant address)
2557 mw - memory write (fill)
2559 cmp - memory compare
2560 crc32 - checksum calculation
2561 imd - i2c memory display
2562 imm - i2c memory modify (auto-incrementing)
2563 inm - i2c memory modify (constant address)
2564 imw - i2c memory write (fill)
2565 icrc32 - i2c checksum calculation
2566 iprobe - probe to discover valid I2C chip addresses
2567 iloop - infinite loop on address range
2568 isdram - print SDRAM configuration information
2569 sspi - SPI utility commands
2570 base - print or set address offset
2571 printenv- print environment variables
2572 setenv - set environment variables
2573 saveenv - save environment variables to persistent storage
2574 protect - enable or disable FLASH write protection
2575 erase - erase FLASH memory
2576 flinfo - print FLASH memory information
2577 bdinfo - print Board Info structure
2578 iminfo - print header information for application image
2579 coninfo - print console devices and informations
2580 ide - IDE sub-system
2581 loop - infinite loop on address range
2582 loopw - infinite write loop on address range
2583 mtest - simple RAM test
2584 icache - enable or disable instruction cache
2585 dcache - enable or disable data cache
2586 reset - Perform RESET of the CPU
2587 echo - echo args to console
2588 version - print monitor version
2589 help - print online help
2590 ? - alias for 'help'
2593 Monitor Commands - Detailed Description:
2594 ========================================
2598 For now: just type "help <command>".
2601 Environment Variables:
2602 ======================
2604 U-Boot supports user configuration using Environment Variables which
2605 can be made persistent by saving to Flash memory.
2607 Environment Variables are set using "setenv", printed using
2608 "printenv", and saved to Flash using "saveenv". Using "setenv"
2609 without a value can be used to delete a variable from the
2610 environment. As long as you don't save the environment you are
2611 working with an in-memory copy. In case the Flash area containing the
2612 environment is erased by accident, a default environment is provided.
2614 Some configuration options can be set using Environment Variables:
2616 baudrate - see CONFIG_BAUDRATE
2618 bootdelay - see CONFIG_BOOTDELAY
2620 bootcmd - see CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND
2622 bootargs - Boot arguments when booting an RTOS image
2624 bootfile - Name of the image to load with TFTP
2626 autoload - if set to "no" (any string beginning with 'n'),
2627 "bootp" will just load perform a lookup of the
2628 configuration from the BOOTP server, but not try to
2629 load any image using TFTP
2631 autostart - if set to "yes", an image loaded using the "bootp",
2632 "rarpboot", "tftpboot" or "diskboot" commands will
2633 be automatically started (by internally calling
2636 If set to "no", a standalone image passed to the
2637 "bootm" command will be copied to the load address
2638 (and eventually uncompressed), but NOT be started.
2639 This can be used to load and uncompress arbitrary
2642 i2cfast - (PPC405GP|PPC405EP only)
2643 if set to 'y' configures Linux I2C driver for fast
2644 mode (400kHZ). This environment variable is used in
2645 initialization code. So, for changes to be effective
2646 it must be saved and board must be reset.
2648 initrd_high - restrict positioning of initrd images:
2649 If this variable is not set, initrd images will be
2650 copied to the highest possible address in RAM; this
2651 is usually what you want since it allows for
2652 maximum initrd size. If for some reason you want to
2653 make sure that the initrd image is loaded below the
2654 CFG_BOOTMAPSZ limit, you can set this environment
2655 variable to a value of "no" or "off" or "0".
2656 Alternatively, you can set it to a maximum upper
2657 address to use (U-Boot will still check that it
2658 does not overwrite the U-Boot stack and data).
2660 For instance, when you have a system with 16 MB
2661 RAM, and want to reserve 4 MB from use by Linux,
2662 you can do this by adding "mem=12M" to the value of
2663 the "bootargs" variable. However, now you must make
2664 sure that the initrd image is placed in the first
2665 12 MB as well - this can be done with
2667 setenv initrd_high 00c00000
2669 If you set initrd_high to 0xFFFFFFFF, this is an
2670 indication to U-Boot that all addresses are legal
2671 for the Linux kernel, including addresses in flash
2672 memory. In this case U-Boot will NOT COPY the
2673 ramdisk at all. This may be useful to reduce the
2674 boot time on your system, but requires that this
2675 feature is supported by your Linux kernel.
2677 ipaddr - IP address; needed for tftpboot command
2679 loadaddr - Default load address for commands like "bootp",
2680 "rarpboot", "tftpboot", "loadb" or "diskboot"
2682 loads_echo - see CONFIG_LOADS_ECHO
2684 serverip - TFTP server IP address; needed for tftpboot command
2686 bootretry - see CONFIG_BOOT_RETRY_TIME
2688 bootdelaykey - see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_DELAY_STR
2690 bootstopkey - see CONFIG_AUTOBOOT_STOP_STR
2692 ethprime - When CONFIG_NET_MULTI is enabled controls which
2693 interface is used first.
2695 ethact - When CONFIG_NET_MULTI is enabled controls which
2696 interface is currently active. For example you
2697 can do the following
2699 => setenv ethact FEC ETHERNET
2700 => ping 192.168.0.1 # traffic sent on FEC ETHERNET
2701 => setenv ethact SCC ETHERNET
2702 => ping 10.0.0.1 # traffic sent on SCC ETHERNET
2704 ethrotate - When set to "no" U-Boot does not go through all
2705 available network interfaces.
2706 It just stays at the currently selected interface.
2708 netretry - When set to "no" each network operation will
2709 either succeed or fail without retrying.
2710 When set to "once" the network operation will
2711 fail when all the available network interfaces
2712 are tried once without success.
2713 Useful on scripts which control the retry operation
2716 npe_ucode - see CONFIG_IXP4XX_NPE_EXT_UCOD
2717 if set load address for the npe microcode
2719 tftpsrcport - If this is set, the value is used for TFTP's
2722 tftpdstport - If this is set, the value is used for TFTP's UDP
2723 destination port instead of the Well Know Port 69.
2725 vlan - When set to a value < 4095 the traffic over
2726 ethernet is encapsulated/received over 802.1q
2729 The following environment variables may be used and automatically
2730 updated by the network boot commands ("bootp" and "rarpboot"),
2731 depending the information provided by your boot server:
2733 bootfile - see above
2734 dnsip - IP address of your Domain Name Server
2735 dnsip2 - IP address of your secondary Domain Name Server
2736 gatewayip - IP address of the Gateway (Router) to use
2737 hostname - Target hostname
2739 netmask - Subnet Mask
2740 rootpath - Pathname of the root filesystem on the NFS server
2741 serverip - see above
2744 There are two special Environment Variables:
2746 serial# - contains hardware identification information such
2747 as type string and/or serial number
2748 ethaddr - Ethernet address
2750 These variables can be set only once (usually during manufacturing of
2751 the board). U-Boot refuses to delete or overwrite these variables
2752 once they have been set once.
2755 Further special Environment Variables:
2757 ver - Contains the U-Boot version string as printed
2758 with the "version" command. This variable is
2759 readonly (see CONFIG_VERSION_VARIABLE).
2762 Please note that changes to some configuration parameters may take
2763 only effect after the next boot (yes, that's just like Windoze :-).
2766 Command Line Parsing:
2767 =====================
2769 There are two different command line parsers available with U-Boot:
2770 the old "simple" one, and the much more powerful "hush" shell:
2772 Old, simple command line parser:
2773 --------------------------------
2775 - supports environment variables (through setenv / saveenv commands)
2776 - several commands on one line, separated by ';'
2777 - variable substitution using "... ${name} ..." syntax
2778 - special characters ('$', ';') can be escaped by prefixing with '\',
2780 setenv bootcmd bootm \${address}
2781 - You can also escape text by enclosing in single apostrophes, for example:
2782 setenv addip 'setenv bootargs $bootargs ip=$ipaddr:$serverip:$gatewayip:$netmask:$hostname::off'
2787 - similar to Bourne shell, with control structures like
2788 if...then...else...fi, for...do...done; while...do...done,
2789 until...do...done, ...
2790 - supports environment ("global") variables (through setenv / saveenv
2791 commands) and local shell variables (through standard shell syntax
2792 "name=value"); only environment variables can be used with "run"
2798 (1) If a command line (or an environment variable executed by a "run"
2799 command) contains several commands separated by semicolon, and
2800 one of these commands fails, then the remaining commands will be
2803 (2) If you execute several variables with one call to run (i. e.
2804 calling run with a list af variables as arguments), any failing
2805 command will cause "run" to terminate, i. e. the remaining
2806 variables are not executed.
2808 Note for Redundant Ethernet Interfaces:
2809 =======================================
2811 Some boards come with redundant ethernet interfaces; U-Boot supports
2812 such configurations and is capable of automatic selection of a
2813 "working" interface when needed. MAC assignment works as follows:
2815 Network interfaces are numbered eth0, eth1, eth2, ... Corresponding
2816 MAC addresses can be stored in the environment as "ethaddr" (=>eth0),
2817 "eth1addr" (=>eth1), "eth2addr", ...
2819 If the network interface stores some valid MAC address (for instance
2820 in SROM), this is used as default address if there is NO correspon-
2821 ding setting in the environment; if the corresponding environment
2822 variable is set, this overrides the settings in the card; that means:
2824 o If the SROM has a valid MAC address, and there is no address in the
2825 environment, the SROM's address is used.
2827 o If there is no valid address in the SROM, and a definition in the
2828 environment exists, then the value from the environment variable is
2831 o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and
2832 both addresses are the same, this MAC address is used.
2834 o If both the SROM and the environment contain a MAC address, and the
2835 addresses differ, the value from the environment is used and a
2838 o If neither SROM nor the environment contain a MAC address, an error
2845 The "boot" commands of this monitor operate on "image" files which
2846 can be basicly anything, preceeded by a special header; see the
2847 definitions in include/image.h for details; basicly, the header
2848 defines the following image properties:
2850 * Target Operating System (Provisions for OpenBSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD,
2851 4.4BSD, Linux, SVR4, Esix, Solaris, Irix, SCO, Dell, NCR, VxWorks,
2852 LynxOS, pSOS, QNX, RTEMS, ARTOS;
2853 Currently supported: Linux, NetBSD, VxWorks, QNX, RTEMS, ARTOS, LynxOS).
2854 * Target CPU Architecture (Provisions for Alpha, ARM, AVR32, Intel x86,
2855 IA64, MIPS, NIOS, PowerPC, IBM S390, SuperH, Sparc, Sparc 64 Bit;
2856 Currently supported: ARM, AVR32, Intel x86, MIPS, NIOS, PowerPC).
2857 * Compression Type (uncompressed, gzip, bzip2)
2863 The header is marked by a special Magic Number, and both the header
2864 and the data portions of the image are secured against corruption by
2871 Although U-Boot should support any OS or standalone application
2872 easily, the main focus has always been on Linux during the design of
2875 U-Boot includes many features that so far have been part of some
2876 special "boot loader" code within the Linux kernel. Also, any
2877 "initrd" images to be used are no longer part of one big Linux image;
2878 instead, kernel and "initrd" are separate images. This implementation
2879 serves several purposes:
2881 - the same features can be used for other OS or standalone
2882 applications (for instance: using compressed images to reduce the
2883 Flash memory footprint)
2885 - it becomes much easier to port new Linux kernel versions because
2886 lots of low-level, hardware dependent stuff are done by U-Boot
2888 - the same Linux kernel image can now be used with different "initrd"
2889 images; of course this also means that different kernel images can
2890 be run with the same "initrd". This makes testing easier (you don't
2891 have to build a new "zImage.initrd" Linux image when you just
2892 change a file in your "initrd"). Also, a field-upgrade of the
2893 software is easier now.
2899 Porting Linux to U-Boot based systems:
2900 ---------------------------------------
2902 U-Boot cannot save you from doing all the necessary modifications to
2903 configure the Linux device drivers for use with your target hardware
2904 (no, we don't intend to provide a full virtual machine interface to
2907 But now you can ignore ALL boot loader code (in arch/ppc/mbxboot).
2909 Just make sure your machine specific header file (for instance
2910 include/asm-ppc/tqm8xx.h) includes the same definition of the Board
2911 Information structure as we define in include/u-boot.h, and make
2912 sure that your definition of IMAP_ADDR uses the same value as your
2913 U-Boot configuration in CFG_IMMR.
2916 Configuring the Linux kernel:
2917 -----------------------------
2919 No specific requirements for U-Boot. Make sure you have some root
2920 device (initial ramdisk, NFS) for your target system.
2923 Building a Linux Image:
2924 -----------------------
2926 With U-Boot, "normal" build targets like "zImage" or "bzImage" are
2927 not used. If you use recent kernel source, a new build target
2928 "uImage" will exist which automatically builds an image usable by
2929 U-Boot. Most older kernels also have support for a "pImage" target,
2930 which was introduced for our predecessor project PPCBoot and uses a
2931 100% compatible format.
2940 The "uImage" build target uses a special tool (in 'tools/mkimage') to
2941 encapsulate a compressed Linux kernel image with header information,
2942 CRC32 checksum etc. for use with U-Boot. This is what we are doing:
2944 * build a standard "vmlinux" kernel image (in ELF binary format):
2946 * convert the kernel into a raw binary image:
2948 ${CROSS_COMPILE}-objcopy -O binary \
2949 -R .note -R .comment \
2950 -S vmlinux linux.bin
2952 * compress the binary image:
2956 * package compressed binary image for U-Boot:
2958 mkimage -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip \
2959 -a 0 -e 0 -n "Linux Kernel Image" \
2960 -d linux.bin.gz uImage
2963 The "mkimage" tool can also be used to create ramdisk images for use
2964 with U-Boot, either separated from the Linux kernel image, or
2965 combined into one file. "mkimage" encapsulates the images with a 64
2966 byte header containing information about target architecture,
2967 operating system, image type, compression method, entry points, time
2968 stamp, CRC32 checksums, etc.
2970 "mkimage" can be called in two ways: to verify existing images and
2971 print the header information, or to build new images.
2973 In the first form (with "-l" option) mkimage lists the information
2974 contained in the header of an existing U-Boot image; this includes
2975 checksum verification:
2977 tools/mkimage -l image
2978 -l ==> list image header information
2980 The second form (with "-d" option) is used to build a U-Boot image
2981 from a "data file" which is used as image payload:
2983 tools/mkimage -A arch -O os -T type -C comp -a addr -e ep \
2984 -n name -d data_file image
2985 -A ==> set architecture to 'arch'
2986 -O ==> set operating system to 'os'
2987 -T ==> set image type to 'type'
2988 -C ==> set compression type 'comp'
2989 -a ==> set load address to 'addr' (hex)
2990 -e ==> set entry point to 'ep' (hex)
2991 -n ==> set image name to 'name'
2992 -d ==> use image data from 'datafile'
2994 Right now, all Linux kernels for PowerPC systems use the same load
2995 address (0x00000000), but the entry point address depends on the
2998 - 2.2.x kernels have the entry point at 0x0000000C,
2999 - 2.3.x and later kernels have the entry point at 0x00000000.
3001 So a typical call to build a U-Boot image would read:
3003 -> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
3004 > -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C gzip -a 0 -e 0 \
3005 > -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz \
3006 > examples/uImage.TQM850L
3007 Image Name: 2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
3008 Created: Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
3009 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3010 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
3011 Load Address: 0x00000000
3012 Entry Point: 0x00000000
3014 To verify the contents of the image (or check for corruption):
3016 -> tools/mkimage -l examples/uImage.TQM850L
3017 Image Name: 2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
3018 Created: Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
3019 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3020 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327.86 kB = 0.32 MB
3021 Load Address: 0x00000000
3022 Entry Point: 0x00000000
3024 NOTE: for embedded systems where boot time is critical you can trade
3025 speed for memory and install an UNCOMPRESSED image instead: this
3026 needs more space in Flash, but boots much faster since it does not
3027 need to be uncompressed:
3029 -> gunzip /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux.gz
3030 -> tools/mkimage -n '2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L' \
3031 > -A ppc -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0 -e 0 \
3032 > -d /opt/elsk/ppc_8xx/usr/src/linux-2.4.4/arch/ppc/coffboot/vmlinux \
3033 > examples/uImage.TQM850L-uncompressed
3034 Image Name: 2.4.4 kernel for TQM850L
3035 Created: Wed Jul 19 02:34:59 2000
3036 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
3037 Data Size: 792160 Bytes = 773.59 kB = 0.76 MB
3038 Load Address: 0x00000000
3039 Entry Point: 0x00000000
3042 Similar you can build U-Boot images from a 'ramdisk.image.gz' file
3043 when your kernel is intended to use an initial ramdisk:
3045 -> tools/mkimage -n 'Simple Ramdisk Image' \
3046 > -A ppc -O linux -T ramdisk -C gzip \
3047 > -d /LinuxPPC/images/SIMPLE-ramdisk.image.gz examples/simple-initrd
3048 Image Name: Simple Ramdisk Image
3049 Created: Wed Jan 12 14:01:50 2000
3050 Image Type: PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3051 Data Size: 566530 Bytes = 553.25 kB = 0.54 MB
3052 Load Address: 0x00000000
3053 Entry Point: 0x00000000
3056 Installing a Linux Image:
3057 -------------------------
3059 To downloading a U-Boot image over the serial (console) interface,
3060 you must convert the image to S-Record format:
3062 objcopy -I binary -O srec examples/image examples/image.srec
3064 The 'objcopy' does not understand the information in the U-Boot
3065 image header, so the resulting S-Record file will be relative to
3066 address 0x00000000. To load it to a given address, you need to
3067 specify the target address as 'offset' parameter with the 'loads'
3070 Example: install the image to address 0x40100000 (which on the
3071 TQM8xxL is in the first Flash bank):
3073 => erase 40100000 401FFFFF
3079 ## Ready for S-Record download ...
3080 ~>examples/image.srec
3081 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ...
3083 15989 15990 15991 15992
3084 [file transfer complete]
3086 ## Start Addr = 0x00000000
3089 You can check the success of the download using the 'iminfo' command;
3090 this includes a checksum verification so you can be sure no data
3091 corruption happened:
3095 ## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
3096 Image Name: 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3097 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3098 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3099 Load Address: 00000000
3100 Entry Point: 0000000c
3101 Verifying Checksum ... OK
3107 The "bootm" command is used to boot an application that is stored in
3108 memory (RAM or Flash). In case of a Linux kernel image, the contents
3109 of the "bootargs" environment variable is passed to the kernel as
3110 parameters. You can check and modify this variable using the
3111 "printenv" and "setenv" commands:
3114 => printenv bootargs
3115 bootargs=root=/dev/ram
3117 => setenv bootargs root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3119 => printenv bootargs
3120 bootargs=root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3123 ## Booting Linux kernel at 40020000 ...
3124 Image Name: 2.2.13 for NFS on TQM850L
3125 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3126 Data Size: 381681 Bytes = 372 kB = 0 MB
3127 Load Address: 00000000
3128 Entry Point: 0000000c
3129 Verifying Checksum ... OK
3130 Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3131 Linux version 2.2.13 (wd@denx.local.net) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:35:17 MEST 2000
3132 Boot arguments: root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=10.0.0.2:/LinuxPPC nfsaddrs=10.0.0.99:10.0.0.2
3133 time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
3134 Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
3135 Memory: 15208k available (700k kernel code, 444k data, 32k init) [c0000000,c1000000]
3138 If you want to boot a Linux kernel with initial ram disk, you pass
3139 the memory addresses of both the kernel and the initrd image (PPBCOOT
3140 format!) to the "bootm" command:
3142 => imi 40100000 40200000
3144 ## Checking Image at 40100000 ...
3145 Image Name: 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3146 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3147 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3148 Load Address: 00000000
3149 Entry Point: 0000000c
3150 Verifying Checksum ... OK
3152 ## Checking Image at 40200000 ...
3153 Image Name: Simple Ramdisk Image
3154 Image Type: PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3155 Data Size: 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
3156 Load Address: 00000000
3157 Entry Point: 00000000
3158 Verifying Checksum ... OK
3160 => bootm 40100000 40200000
3161 ## Booting Linux kernel at 40100000 ...
3162 Image Name: 2.2.13 for initrd on TQM850L
3163 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3164 Data Size: 335725 Bytes = 327 kB = 0 MB
3165 Load Address: 00000000
3166 Entry Point: 0000000c
3167 Verifying Checksum ... OK
3168 Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3169 ## Loading RAMDisk Image at 40200000 ...
3170 Image Name: Simple Ramdisk Image
3171 Image Type: PowerPC Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
3172 Data Size: 566530 Bytes = 553 kB = 0 MB
3173 Load Address: 00000000
3174 Entry Point: 00000000
3175 Verifying Checksum ... OK
3176 Loading Ramdisk ... OK
3177 Linux version 2.2.13 (wd@denx.local.net) (gcc version 2.95.2 19991024 (release)) #1 Wed Jul 19 02:32:08 MEST 2000
3178 Boot arguments: root=/dev/ram
3179 time_init: decrementer frequency = 187500000/60
3180 Calibrating delay loop... 49.77 BogoMIPS
3182 RAMDISK: Compressed image found at block 0
3183 VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem).
3187 Boot Linux and pass a flat device tree:
3190 First, U-Boot must be compiled with the appropriate defines. See the section
3191 titled "Linux Kernel Interface" above for a more in depth explanation. The
3192 following is an example of how to start a kernel and pass an updated
3198 oft=oftrees/mpc8540ads.dtb
3199 => tftp $oftaddr $oft
3200 Speed: 1000, full duplex
3202 TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.1.101
3203 Filename 'oftrees/mpc8540ads.dtb'.
3204 Load address: 0x300000
3207 Bytes transferred = 4106 (100a hex)
3208 => tftp $loadaddr $bootfile
3209 Speed: 1000, full duplex
3211 TFTP from server 192.168.1.1; our IP address is 192.168.1.2
3213 Load address: 0x200000
3214 Loading:############
3216 Bytes transferred = 1029407 (fb51f hex)
3221 => bootm $loadaddr - $oftaddr
3222 ## Booting image at 00200000 ...
3223 Image Name: Linux-2.6.17-dirty
3224 Image Type: PowerPC Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed)
3225 Data Size: 1029343 Bytes = 1005.2 kB
3226 Load Address: 00000000
3227 Entry Point: 00000000
3228 Verifying Checksum ... OK
3229 Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
3230 Booting using flat device tree at 0x300000
3231 Using MPC85xx ADS machine description
3232 Memory CAM mapping: CAM0=256Mb, CAM1=256Mb, CAM2=0Mb residual: 0Mb
3236 More About U-Boot Image Types:
3237 ------------------------------
3239 U-Boot supports the following image types:
3241 "Standalone Programs" are directly runnable in the environment
3242 provided by U-Boot; it is expected that (if they behave
3243 well) you can continue to work in U-Boot after return from
3244 the Standalone Program.
3245 "OS Kernel Images" are usually images of some Embedded OS which
3246 will take over control completely. Usually these programs
3247 will install their own set of exception handlers, device
3248 drivers, set up the MMU, etc. - this means, that you cannot
3249 expect to re-enter U-Boot except by resetting the CPU.
3250 "RAMDisk Images" are more or less just data blocks, and their
3251 parameters (address, size) are passed to an OS kernel that is
3253 "Multi-File Images" contain several images, typically an OS
3254 (Linux) kernel image and one or more data images like
3255 RAMDisks. This construct is useful for instance when you want
3256 to boot over the network using BOOTP etc., where the boot
3257 server provides just a single image file, but you want to get
3258 for instance an OS kernel and a RAMDisk image.
3260 "Multi-File Images" start with a list of image sizes, each
3261 image size (in bytes) specified by an "uint32_t" in network
3262 byte order. This list is terminated by an "(uint32_t)0".
3263 Immediately after the terminating 0 follow the images, one by
3264 one, all aligned on "uint32_t" boundaries (size rounded up to
3265 a multiple of 4 bytes).
3267 "Firmware Images" are binary images containing firmware (like
3268 U-Boot or FPGA images) which usually will be programmed to
3271 "Script files" are command sequences that will be executed by
3272 U-Boot's command interpreter; this feature is especially
3273 useful when you configure U-Boot to use a real shell (hush)
3274 as command interpreter.
3280 One of the features of U-Boot is that you can dynamically load and
3281 run "standalone" applications, which can use some resources of
3282 U-Boot like console I/O functions or interrupt services.
3284 Two simple examples are included with the sources:
3289 'examples/hello_world.c' contains a small "Hello World" Demo
3290 application; it is automatically compiled when you build U-Boot.
3291 It's configured to run at address 0x00040004, so you can play with it
3295 ## Ready for S-Record download ...
3296 ~>examples/hello_world.srec
3297 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
3298 [file transfer complete]
3300 ## Start Addr = 0x00040004
3302 => go 40004 Hello World! This is a test.
3303 ## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
3314 Hit any key to exit ...
3316 ## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
3318 Another example, which demonstrates how to register a CPM interrupt
3319 handler with the U-Boot code, can be found in 'examples/timer.c'.
3320 Here, a CPM timer is set up to generate an interrupt every second.
3321 The interrupt service routine is trivial, just printing a '.'
3322 character, but this is just a demo program. The application can be
3323 controlled by the following keys:
3325 ? - print current values og the CPM Timer registers
3326 b - enable interrupts and start timer
3327 e - stop timer and disable interrupts
3328 q - quit application
3331 ## Ready for S-Record download ...
3332 ~>examples/timer.srec
3333 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
3334 [file transfer complete]
3336 ## Start Addr = 0x00040004
3339 ## Starting application at 0x00040004 ...
3342 tgcr @ 0xfff00980, tmr @ 0xfff00990, trr @ 0xfff00994, tcr @ 0xfff00998, tcn @ 0xfff0099c, ter @ 0xfff009b0
3345 [q, b, e, ?] Set interval 1000000 us
3348 [q, b, e, ?] ........
3349 tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0xef6, ter=0x0
3352 tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x2ad4, ter=0x0
3355 tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x1efc, ter=0x0
3358 tgcr=0x1, tmr=0xff1c, trr=0x3d09, tcr=0x0, tcn=0x169d, ter=0x0
3360 [q, b, e, ?] ...Stopping timer
3362 [q, b, e, ?] ## Application terminated, rc = 0x0
3368 Over time, many people have reported problems when trying to use the
3369 "minicom" terminal emulation program for serial download. I (wd)
3370 consider minicom to be broken, and recommend not to use it. Under
3371 Unix, I recommend to use C-Kermit for general purpose use (and
3372 especially for kermit binary protocol download ("loadb" command), and
3373 use "cu" for S-Record download ("loads" command).
3375 Nevertheless, if you absolutely want to use it try adding this
3376 configuration to your "File transfer protocols" section:
3378 Name Program Name U/D FullScr IO-Red. Multi
3379 X kermit /usr/bin/kermit -i -l %l -s Y U Y N N
3380 Y kermit /usr/bin/kermit -i -l %l -r N D Y N N
3386 Starting at version 0.9.2, U-Boot supports NetBSD both as host
3387 (build U-Boot) and target system (boots NetBSD/mpc8xx).
3389 Building requires a cross environment; it is known to work on
3390 NetBSD/i386 with the cross-powerpc-netbsd-1.3 package (you will also
3391 need gmake since the Makefiles are not compatible with BSD make).
3392 Note that the cross-powerpc package does not install include files;
3393 attempting to build U-Boot will fail because <machine/ansi.h> is
3394 missing. This file has to be installed and patched manually:
3396 # cd /usr/pkg/cross/powerpc-netbsd/include
3398 # ln -s powerpc machine
3399 # cp /usr/src/sys/arch/powerpc/include/ansi.h powerpc/ansi.h
3400 # ${EDIT} powerpc/ansi.h ## must remove __va_list, _BSD_VA_LIST
3402 Native builds *don't* work due to incompatibilities between native
3403 and U-Boot include files.
3405 Booting assumes that (the first part of) the image booted is a
3406 stage-2 loader which in turn loads and then invokes the kernel
3407 proper. Loader sources will eventually appear in the NetBSD source
3408 tree (probably in sys/arc/mpc8xx/stand/u-boot_stage2/); in the
3409 meantime, see ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/ppcboot_stage2.tar.gz
3412 Implementation Internals:
3413 =========================
3415 The following is not intended to be a complete description of every
3416 implementation detail. However, it should help to understand the
3417 inner workings of U-Boot and make it easier to port it to custom
3421 Initial Stack, Global Data:
3422 ---------------------------
3424 The implementation of U-Boot is complicated by the fact that U-Boot
3425 starts running out of ROM (flash memory), usually without access to
3426 system RAM (because the memory controller is not initialized yet).
3427 This means that we don't have writable Data or BSS segments, and BSS
3428 is not initialized as zero. To be able to get a C environment working
3429 at all, we have to allocate at least a minimal stack. Implementation
3430 options for this are defined and restricted by the CPU used: Some CPU
3431 models provide on-chip memory (like the IMMR area on MPC8xx and
3432 MPC826x processors), on others (parts of) the data cache can be
3433 locked as (mis-) used as memory, etc.
3435 Chris Hallinan posted a good summary of these issues to the
3436 u-boot-users mailing list:
3438 Subject: RE: [U-Boot-Users] RE: More On Memory Bank x (nothingness)?
3439 From: "Chris Hallinan" <clh@net1plus.com>
3440 Date: Mon, 10 Feb 2003 16:43:46 -0500 (22:43 MET)
3443 Correct me if I'm wrong, folks, but the way I understand it
3444 is this: Using DCACHE as initial RAM for Stack, etc, does not
3445 require any physical RAM backing up the cache. The cleverness
3446 is that the cache is being used as a temporary supply of
3447 necessary storage before the SDRAM controller is setup. It's
3448 beyond the scope of this list to expain the details, but you
3449 can see how this works by studying the cache architecture and
3450 operation in the architecture and processor-specific manuals.
3452 OCM is On Chip Memory, which I believe the 405GP has 4K. It
3453 is another option for the system designer to use as an
3454 initial stack/ram area prior to SDRAM being available. Either
3455 option should work for you. Using CS 4 should be fine if your
3456 board designers haven't used it for something that would
3457 cause you grief during the initial boot! It is frequently not
3460 CFG_INIT_RAM_ADDR should be somewhere that won't interfere
3461 with your processor/board/system design. The default value
3462 you will find in any recent u-boot distribution in
3463 walnut.h should work for you. I'd set it to a value larger
3464 than your SDRAM module. If you have a 64MB SDRAM module, set
3465 it above 400_0000. Just make sure your board has no resources
3466 that are supposed to respond to that address! That code in
3467 start.S has been around a while and should work as is when
3468 you get the config right.
3473 It is essential to remember this, since it has some impact on the C
3474 code for the initialization procedures:
3476 * Initialized global data (data segment) is read-only. Do not attempt
3479 * Do not use any unitialized global data (or implicitely initialized
3480 as zero data - BSS segment) at all - this is undefined, initiali-
3481 zation is performed later (when relocating to RAM).
3483 * Stack space is very limited. Avoid big data buffers or things like
3486 Having only the stack as writable memory limits means we cannot use
3487 normal global data to share information beween the code. But it
3488 turned out that the implementation of U-Boot can be greatly
3489 simplified by making a global data structure (gd_t) available to all
3490 functions. We could pass a pointer to this data as argument to _all_
3491 functions, but this would bloat the code. Instead we use a feature of
3492 the GCC compiler (Global Register Variables) to share the data: we
3493 place a pointer (gd) to the global data into a register which we
3494 reserve for this purpose.
3496 When choosing a register for such a purpose we are restricted by the
3497 relevant (E)ABI specifications for the current architecture, and by
3498 GCC's implementation.
3500 For PowerPC, the following registers have specific use:
3502 R2: reserved for system use
3503 R3-R4: parameter passing and return values
3504 R5-R10: parameter passing
3505 R13: small data area pointer
3509 (U-Boot also uses R14 as internal GOT pointer.)
3511 ==> U-Boot will use R2 to hold a pointer to the global data
3513 Note: on PPC, we could use a static initializer (since the
3514 address of the global data structure is known at compile time),
3515 but it turned out that reserving a register results in somewhat
3516 smaller code - although the code savings are not that big (on
3517 average for all boards 752 bytes for the whole U-Boot image,
3518 624 text + 127 data).
3520 On Blackfin, the normal C ABI (except for P5) is followed as documented here:
3521 http://docs.blackfin.uclinux.org/doku.php?id=application_binary_interface
3523 ==> U-Boot will use P5 to hold a pointer to the global data
3525 On ARM, the following registers are used:
3527 R0: function argument word/integer result
3528 R1-R3: function argument word
3530 R10: stack limit (used only if stack checking if enabled)
3531 R11: argument (frame) pointer
3532 R12: temporary workspace
3535 R15: program counter
3537 ==> U-Boot will use R8 to hold a pointer to the global data
3539 NOTE: DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR must be used with file-global scope,
3540 or current versions of GCC may "optimize" the code too much.
3545 U-Boot runs in system state and uses physical addresses, i.e. the
3546 MMU is not used either for address mapping nor for memory protection.
3548 The available memory is mapped to fixed addresses using the memory
3549 controller. In this process, a contiguous block is formed for each
3550 memory type (Flash, SDRAM, SRAM), even when it consists of several
3551 physical memory banks.
3553 U-Boot is installed in the first 128 kB of the first Flash bank (on
3554 TQM8xxL modules this is the range 0x40000000 ... 0x4001FFFF). After
3555 booting and sizing and initializing DRAM, the code relocates itself
3556 to the upper end of DRAM. Immediately below the U-Boot code some
3557 memory is reserved for use by malloc() [see CFG_MALLOC_LEN
3558 configuration setting]. Below that, a structure with global Board
3559 Info data is placed, followed by the stack (growing downward).
3561 Additionally, some exception handler code is copied to the low 8 kB
3562 of DRAM (0x00000000 ... 0x00001FFF).
3564 So a typical memory configuration with 16 MB of DRAM could look like
3567 0x0000 0000 Exception Vector code
3570 0x0000 2000 Free for Application Use
3576 0x00FB FF20 Monitor Stack (Growing downward)
3577 0x00FB FFAC Board Info Data and permanent copy of global data
3578 0x00FC 0000 Malloc Arena
3581 0x00FE 0000 RAM Copy of Monitor Code
3582 ... eventually: LCD or video framebuffer
3583 ... eventually: pRAM (Protected RAM - unchanged by reset)
3584 0x00FF FFFF [End of RAM]
3587 System Initialization:
3588 ----------------------
3590 In the reset configuration, U-Boot starts at the reset entry point
3591 (on most PowerPC systens at address 0x00000100). Because of the reset
3592 configuration for CS0# this is a mirror of the onboard Flash memory.
3593 To be able to re-map memory U-Boot then jumps to its link address.
3594 To be able to implement the initialization code in C, a (small!)
3595 initial stack is set up in the internal Dual Ported RAM (in case CPUs
3596 which provide such a feature like MPC8xx or MPC8260), or in a locked
3597 part of the data cache. After that, U-Boot initializes the CPU core,
3598 the caches and the SIU.
3600 Next, all (potentially) available memory banks are mapped using a
3601 preliminary mapping. For example, we put them on 512 MB boundaries
3602 (multiples of 0x20000000: SDRAM on 0x00000000 and 0x20000000, Flash
3603 on 0x40000000 and 0x60000000, SRAM on 0x80000000). Then UPM A is
3604 programmed for SDRAM access. Using the temporary configuration, a
3605 simple memory test is run that determines the size of the SDRAM
3608 When there is more than one SDRAM bank, and the banks are of
3609 different size, the largest is mapped first. For equal size, the first
3610 bank (CS2#) is mapped first. The first mapping is always for address
3611 0x00000000, with any additional banks following immediately to create
3612 contiguous memory starting from 0.
3614 Then, the monitor installs itself at the upper end of the SDRAM area
3615 and allocates memory for use by malloc() and for the global Board
3616 Info data; also, the exception vector code is copied to the low RAM
3617 pages, and the final stack is set up.
3619 Only after this relocation will you have a "normal" C environment;
3620 until that you are restricted in several ways, mostly because you are
3621 running from ROM, and because the code will have to be relocated to a
3625 U-Boot Porting Guide:
3626 ----------------------
3628 [Based on messages by Jerry Van Baren in the U-Boot-Users mailing
3632 int main (int argc, char *argv[])
3634 sighandler_t no_more_time;
3636 signal (SIGALRM, no_more_time);
3637 alarm (PROJECT_DEADLINE - toSec (3 * WEEK));
3639 if (available_money > available_manpower) {
3640 pay consultant to port U-Boot;
3644 Download latest U-Boot source;
3646 Subscribe to u-boot-users mailing list;
3649 email ("Hi, I am new to U-Boot, how do I get started?");
3653 Read the README file in the top level directory;
3654 Read http://www.denx.de/twiki/bin/view/DULG/Manual ;
3655 Read the source, Luke;
3658 if (available_money > toLocalCurrency ($2500)) {
3661 Add a lot of aggravation and time;
3664 Create your own board support subdirectory;
3666 Create your own board config file;
3670 Add / modify source code;
3674 email ("Hi, I am having problems...");
3676 Send patch file to Wolfgang;
3681 void no_more_time (int sig)
3690 All contributions to U-Boot should conform to the Linux kernel
3691 coding style; see the file "Documentation/CodingStyle" and the script
3692 "scripts/Lindent" in your Linux kernel source directory. In sources
3693 originating from U-Boot a style corresponding to "Lindent -pcs" (adding
3694 spaces before parameters to function calls) is actually used.
3696 Source files originating from a different project (for example the
3697 MTD subsystem) are generally exempt from these guidelines and are not
3698 reformated to ease subsequent migration to newer versions of those
3701 Please note that U-Boot is implemented in C (and to some small parts in
3702 Assembler); no C++ is used, so please do not use C++ style comments (//)
3705 Please also stick to the following formatting rules:
3706 - remove any trailing white space
3707 - use TAB characters for indentation, not spaces
3708 - make sure NOT to use DOS '\r\n' line feeds
3709 - do not add more than 2 empty lines to source files
3710 - do not add trailing empty lines to source files
3712 Submissions which do not conform to the standards may be returned
3713 with a request to reformat the changes.
3719 Since the number of patches for U-Boot is growing, we need to
3720 establish some rules. Submissions which do not conform to these rules
3721 may be rejected, even when they contain important and valuable stuff.
3723 Patches shall be sent to the u-boot-users mailing list.
3725 When you send a patch, please include the following information with
3728 * For bug fixes: a description of the bug and how your patch fixes
3729 this bug. Please try to include a way of demonstrating that the
3730 patch actually fixes something.
3732 * For new features: a description of the feature and your
3735 * A CHANGELOG entry as plaintext (separate from the patch)
3737 * For major contributions, your entry to the CREDITS file
3739 * When you add support for a new board, don't forget to add this
3740 board to the MAKEALL script, too.
3742 * If your patch adds new configuration options, don't forget to
3743 document these in the README file.
3745 * The patch itself. If you are accessing the CVS repository use "cvs
3746 update; cvs diff -puRN"; else, use "diff -purN OLD NEW". If your
3747 version of diff does not support these options, then get the latest
3748 version of GNU diff.
3750 The current directory when running this command shall be the top
3751 level directory of the U-Boot source tree, or it's parent directory
3752 (i. e. please make sure that your patch includes sufficient
3753 directory information for the affected files).
3755 We accept patches as plain text, MIME attachments or as uuencoded
3758 * If one logical set of modifications affects or creates several
3759 files, all these changes shall be submitted in a SINGLE patch file.
3761 * Changesets that contain different, unrelated modifications shall be
3762 submitted as SEPARATE patches, one patch per changeset.
3767 * Before sending the patch, run the MAKEALL script on your patched
3768 source tree and make sure that no errors or warnings are reported
3769 for any of the boards.
3771 * Keep your modifications to the necessary minimum: A patch
3772 containing several unrelated changes or arbitrary reformats will be
3773 returned with a request to re-formatting / split it.
3775 * If you modify existing code, make sure that your new code does not
3776 add to the memory footprint of the code ;-) Small is beautiful!
3777 When adding new features, these should compile conditionally only
3778 (using #ifdef), and the resulting code with the new feature
3779 disabled must not need more memory than the old code without your
3782 * Remember that there is a size limit of 40 kB per message on the
3783 u-boot-users mailing list. Compression may help.
projects / people / ms / u-boot.git / blob