extend assoc_expand_once to indexed arrays; rename to array_expand_once, keeping...

[thirdparty/bash.git] / doc / bashref.ps

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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMMI9
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMMI9 003.002
%%Title: CMMI9
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (<http://www.ams.org>), with Reserved Font Name CMMI9.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMMI9 known{/CMMI9 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5087384 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMMI9 def
/FontBBox {-29 -250 1075 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 10 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050<http://www.ams.org>\051, with Reserved Font Name CMMI9.) readonly def
/FullName (CMMI9) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
/ascent 750 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 58 /period put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSLTT10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMSLTT10 003.002
%%Title: CMSLTT10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (<http://www.ams.org>), with Reserved Font Name CMSLTT10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMSLTT10 known{/CMSLTT10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000800 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMSLTT10 def
/FontBBox {-20 -233 617 696 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050<http://www.ams.org>\051, with Reserved Font Name CMSLTT10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMSLTT10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -9.46 def
/isFixedPitch true def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 65 /A put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 74 /J put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 84 /T put
dup 88 /X put
dup 92 /backslash put
dup 95 /underscore put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMTT9
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMTT9 003.002
%%Title: CMTT9
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (<http://www.ams.org>), with Reserved Font Name CMTT9.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMTT9 known{/CMTT9 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000831 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMTT9 def
/FontBBox {-6 -233 542 698 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050<http://www.ams.org>\051, with Reserved Font Name CMTT9.) readonly def
/FullName (CMTT9) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch true def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 35 /numbersign put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 38 /ampersand put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 59 /semicolon put
dup 60 /less put
dup 62 /greater put
dup 63 /question put
dup 64 /at put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 94 /asciicircum put
dup 95 /underscore put
dup 96 /quoteleft put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
dup 123 /braceleft put
dup 125 /braceright put
dup 126 /asciitilde put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMR10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMR10 003.002
%%Title: CMR10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (<http://www.ams.org>), with Reserved Font Name CMR10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMR10 known{/CMR10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000793 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMR10 def
/FontBBox {-40 -250 1009 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050<http://www.ams.org>\051, with Reserved Font Name CMR10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMR10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 11 /ff put
dup 12 /fi put
dup 13 /fl put
dup 14 /ffi put
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 34 /quotedblright put
dup 35 /numbersign put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 37 /percent put
dup 38 /ampersand put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 59 /semicolon put
dup 61 /equal put
dup 63 /question put
dup 64 /at put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 74 /J put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 81 /Q put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 92 /quotedblleft put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 96 /quoteleft put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
dup 123 /endash put
dup 124 /emdash put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMCSC10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMCSC10 003.002
%%Title: CMCSC10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (<http://www.ams.org>), with Reserved Font Name CMCSC10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMCSC10 known{/CMCSC10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5087402 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMCSC10 def
/FontBBox {14 -250 1077 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 10 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050<http://www.ams.org>\051, with Reserved Font Name CMCSC10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMCSC10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
/ascent 750 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 50 /two put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 105 /i put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 117 /u put
dup 120 /x put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMTT12
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMTT12 003.002
%%Title: CMTT12
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (<http://www.ams.org>), with Reserved Font Name CMTT12.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMTT12 known{/CMTT12 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
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/FontName /CMTT12 def
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/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050<http://www.ams.org>\051, with Reserved Font Name CMTT12.) readonly def
/FullName (CMTT12) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch true def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
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dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
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dup 108 /l put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 115 /s put
readonly def
currentdict end
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{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: SFRM1095
%!FontType1-1.0: SFRM1095 0.3
%%CreationDate: Wed Sep 12 2001
% Copyright (c) 2001 Vladimir Volovich <vvv@vsu.ru>.
% See the file COPYING (GNU General Public License) for license conditions.
% Converted from METAFONT EC/TC and LH fonts:
% ecrm1095, tcrm1095, larm1095, lbrm1095, lcrm1095, rxrm1095.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 6 dict dup begin
/version (0.3) def
/FullName (Computer Modern Roman) def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/Weight (Medium) def
end readonly def
/FontName /SFRM1095 def
/Encoding StandardEncoding def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] def
/FontBBox{-188 -320 1445 942}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMBX12
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMBX12 003.002
%%Title: CMBX12
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (<http://www.ams.org>), with Reserved Font Name CMBX12.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMBX12 known{/CMBX12 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000769 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMBX12 def
/FontBBox {-53 -251 1139 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050<http://www.ams.org>\051, with Reserved Font Name CMBX12.) readonly def
/FullName (CMBX12) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Bold) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 11 /ff put
dup 12 /fi put
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 35 /numbersign put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 63 /question put
dup 64 /at put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 74 /J put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 81 /Q put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 123 /endash put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (<http://www.ams.org>), with Reserved Font Name CMTI10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMTI10 known{/CMTI10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000828 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMTI10 def
/FontBBox {-35 -250 1124 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050<http://www.ams.org>\051, with Reserved Font Name CMTI10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMTI10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 12 /fi put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 97 /a put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 103 /g put
dup 105 /i put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 118 /v put
dup 120 /x put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMMI10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMMI10 003.002
%%Title: CMMI10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (<http://www.ams.org>), with Reserved Font Name CMMI10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMMI10 known{/CMMI10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5087385 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMMI10 def
/FontBBox {-32 -250 1048 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 10 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050<http://www.ams.org>\051, with Reserved Font Name CMMI10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMMI10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
/ascent 750 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 58 /period put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMMI12
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMMI12 003.002
%%Title: CMMI12
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (<http://www.ams.org>), with Reserved Font Name CMMI12.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMMI12 known{/CMMI12 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5087386 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMMI12 def
/FontBBox {-31 -250 1026 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 10 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050<http://www.ams.org>\051, with Reserved Font Name CMMI12.) readonly def
/FullName (CMMI12) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
/ascent 750 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 58 /period put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSY10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMSY10 003.002
%%Title: CMSY10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (<http://www.ams.org>), with Reserved Font Name CMSY10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMSY10 known{/CMSY10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5096651 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMSY10 def
/FontBBox {-29 -960 1116 775 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050<http://www.ams.org>\051, with Reserved Font Name CMSY10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMSY10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 0 /minus put
dup 13 /circlecopyrt put
dup 15 /bullet put
dup 33 /arrowright put
dup 55 /mapsto put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSL10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMSL10 003.002
%%Title: CMSL10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (<http://www.ams.org>), with Reserved Font Name CMSL10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMSL10 known{/CMSL10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000798 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMSL10 def
/FontBBox {-62 -250 1123 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050<http://www.ams.org>\051, with Reserved Font Name CMSL10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMSL10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -9.46 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 11 /ff put
dup 12 /fi put
dup 14 /ffi put
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMTT10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMTT10 003.002
%%Title: CMTT10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (<http://www.ams.org>), with Reserved Font Name CMTT10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMTT10 known{/CMTT10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000832 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMTT10 def
/FontBBox {-4 -233 537 696 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050<http://www.ams.org>\051, with Reserved Font Name CMTT10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMTT10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch true def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 34 /quotedbl put
dup 35 /numbersign put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 37 /percent put
dup 38 /ampersand put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 43 /plus put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 59 /semicolon put
dup 60 /less put
dup 61 /equal put
dup 62 /greater put
dup 63 /question put
dup 64 /at put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 81 /Q put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 92 /backslash put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 94 /asciicircum put
dup 95 /underscore put
dup 96 /quoteleft put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
dup 123 /braceleft put
dup 124 /bar put
dup 125 /braceright put
dup 126 /asciitilde put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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%%Page: 36 42
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%%Page: 37 43
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y(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(',)d(but)e(the)g(\014lenames)h(`)p Ft(.)p
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%%Page: 62 68
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%%Page: 63 69
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%%Page: 64 70
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Fu(.)p eop end
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(and)g(still)h(b)s(e)e(recognized)j(as)810 3070 y(a)g(reserv)m(ed)f(w)m
(ord)g(\(this)h(is)f Fm(posix)g Fu(in)m(terpretation)i(267\))705
3200 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(in)37 b(p)s(osix)f(mo)s(de,)i(the)g(parser)e
(requires)g(that)i(an)f(ev)m(en)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(single)g
(quotes)810 3310 y(o)s(ccur)28 b(in)g(the)h Fr(w)m(ord)i
Fu(p)s(ortion)d(of)h(a)g(double-quoted)f($)p Fi({)6 b
Fu(.)23 b(.)f(.)11 b Fi(})29 b Fu(parameter)g(expansion)810
3420 y(and)34 b(treats)h(them)f(sp)s(ecially)-8 b(,)37
b(so)e(that)g(c)m(haracters)g(within)f(the)h(single)g(quotes)g(are)810
3529 y(considered)30 b(quoted)h(\(this)f(is)h Fm(posix)e
Fu(in)m(terpretation)j(221\))150 3680 y Ft(compat42)705
3811 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)29 b(replacemen)m(t)i(string)e(in)g
(double-quoted)h(pattern)f(substitution)g(do)s(es)g(not)h(un-)810
3921 y(dergo)h(quote)g(remo)m(v)-5 b(al,)32 b(as)e(it)h(do)s(es)f(in)g
(v)m(ersions)h(after)g(bash-4.2)705 4051 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(in)39 b(p)s(osix)g(mo)s(de,)j(single)e(quotes)g(are)g(considered)f
(sp)s(ecial)h(when)f(expanding)g(the)810 4161 y Fr(w)m(ord)d
Fu(p)s(ortion)c(of)g(a)h(double-quoted)g($)p Fi({)6 b
Fu(.)22 b(.)h(.)11 b Fi(})33 b Fu(parameter)g(expansion)f(and)g(can)h
(b)s(e)810 4270 y(used)40 b(to)i(quote)g(a)f(closing)h(brace)f(or)g
(other)h(sp)s(ecial)f(c)m(haracter)i(\(this)e(is)g(part)g(of)810
4380 y Fm(posix)36 b Fu(in)m(terpretation)h(221\);)42
b(in)36 b(later)h(v)m(ersions,)h(single)f(quotes)g(are)g(not)f(sp)s
(ecial)810 4489 y(within)30 b(double-quoted)g(w)m(ord)g(expansions)150
4641 y Ft(compat43)705 4771 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)31
b(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)g(prin)m(t)f(a)h(w)m(arning)g(message)h(if)f
(an)g(attempt)h(is)f(made)f(to)i(use)f(a)810 4881 y(quoted)36
b(comp)s(ound)e(assignmen)m(t)i(as)g(an)g(argumen)m(t)g(to)g(declare)h
(\(e.g.,)i(declare)d(-a)810 4990 y(fo)s(o='\(1)31 b(2\)'\).)42
b(Later)31 b(v)m(ersions)g(w)m(arn)f(that)h(this)f(usage)h(is)g
(deprecated)705 5121 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(w)m(ord)21 b(expansion)g(errors)
g(are)h(considered)f(non-fatal)h(errors)f(that)h(cause)g(the)f(curren)m
(t)810 5230 y(command)k(to)g(fail,)i(ev)m(en)e(in)g(p)s(osix)f(mo)s(de)
h(\(the)g(default)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(is)g(to)g(mak)m(e)h(them)810
5340 y(fatal)32 b(errors)d(that)i(cause)g(the)g(shell)f(to)i(exit\))p
eop end
%%Page: 115 121
TeXDict begin 115 120 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(115)705 299 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(when)37 b(executing)i(a)g(shell)f(function,)i(the)f(lo)s(op)f
(state)h(\(while/un)m(til/etc.\))68 b(is)38 b(not)810
408 y(reset,)c(so)g Ft(break)d Fu(or)i Ft(continue)e
Fu(in)h(that)i(function)f(will)g(break)g(or)g(con)m(tin)m(ue)h(lo)s
(ops)810 518 y(in)h(the)g(calling)h(con)m(text.)57 b(Bash-4.4)37
b(and)d(later)i(reset)g(the)f(lo)s(op)g(state)i(to)e(prev)m(en)m(t)810
628 y(this)150 776 y Ft(compat44)705 905 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(the)41 b(shell)g(sets)g(up)e(the)i(v)-5 b(alues)41
b(used)f(b)m(y)h Ft(BASH_ARGV)d Fu(and)i Ft(BASH_ARGC)e
Fu(so)j(they)810 1014 y(can)26 b(expand)f(to)h(the)g(shell's)g(p)s
(ositional)g(parameters)g(ev)m(en)h(if)e(extended)h(debugging)810
1124 y(mo)s(de)k(is)g(not)h(enabled)705 1253 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(a)40 b(subshell)f(inherits)g(lo)s(ops)h(from)g(its)g(paren)m(t)g
(con)m(text,)k(so)c Ft(break)e Fu(or)i Ft(continue)810
1363 y Fu(will)35 b(cause)g(the)f(subshell)f(to)i(exit.)54
b(Bash-5.0)36 b(and)d(later)j(reset)f(the)f(lo)s(op)h(state)g(to)810
1472 y(prev)m(en)m(t)c(the)g(exit)705 1601 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)28 b(assignmen)m(ts)h(preceding)f(builtins)f(lik)m
(e)i Ft(export)d Fu(and)h Ft(readonly)e Fu(that)j(set)810
1711 y(attributes)37 b(con)m(tin)m(ue)h(to)g(a\013ect)g(v)-5
b(ariables)37 b(with)g(the)f(same)h(name)g(in)g(the)f(calling)810
1820 y(en)m(vironmen)m(t)31 b(ev)m(en)g(if)f(the)h(shell)g(is)f(not)h
(in)f(p)s(osix)f(mo)s(de)150 1969 y Ft(compat50)f(\(set)h(using)g
(BASH_COMPAT\))705 2078 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(Bash-5.1)29
b(c)m(hanged)g(the)f(w)m(a)m(y)g Ft($RANDOM)e Fu(is)i(generated)h(to)f
(in)m(tro)s(duce)g(sligh)m(tly)h(more)810 2188 y(randomness.)39
b(If)30 b(the)f(shell)h(compatibilit)m(y)i(lev)m(el)f(is)f(set)g(to)h
(50)f(or)g(lo)m(w)m(er,)h(it)f(rev)m(erts)810 2297 y(to)e(the)g(metho)s
(d)f(from)g(bash-5.0)h(and)f(previous)g(v)m(ersions,)i(so)e(seeding)h
(the)g(random)810 2407 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)36 b(generator)j(b)m(y)e
(assigning)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(to)g Ft(RANDOM)e Fu(will)i(pro)s
(duce)e(the)i(same)810 2516 y(sequence)31 b(as)f(in)g(bash-5.0)705
2645 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(If)22 b(the)g(command)g(hash)f(table)i(is)f
(empt)m(y)-8 b(,)25 b(Bash)d(v)m(ersions)g(prior)g(to)h(bash-5.1)f
(prin)m(ted)810 2755 y(an)29 b(informational)i(message)g(to)f(that)g
(e\013ect,)h(ev)m(en)g(when)d(pro)s(ducing)g(output)h(that)810
2865 y(can)40 b(b)s(e)g(reused)f(as)h(input.)69 b(Bash-5.1)42
b(suppresses)c(that)j(message)g(when)e(the)i Ft(-l)810
2974 y Fu(option)31 b(is)f(supplied.)150 3122 y Ft(compat51)e(\(set)h
(using)g(BASH_COMPAT\))705 3232 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(The)38
b Ft(unset)g Fu(builtin)g(will)h(unset)f(the)h(arra)m(y)g
Ft(a)g Fu(giv)m(en)g(an)g(argumen)m(t)g(lik)m(e)h(`)p
Ft(a[@])p Fu('.)810 3342 y(Bash-5.2)32 b(will)f(unset)f(an)g(elemen)m
(t)i(with)e(k)m(ey)i(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')e(\(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)k(arra)m
(ys\))d(or)f(remo)m(v)m(e)810 3451 y(all)h(the)g(elemen)m(ts)h(without)
e(unsetting)g(the)h(arra)m(y)g(\(indexed)f(arra)m(ys\))705
3580 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(arithmetic)36 b(commands)e(\()h(\(\(...\)\))55
b(\))f(and)34 b(the)g(expressions)h(in)f(an)g(arithmetic)i(for)810
3690 y(statemen)m(t)c(can)f(b)s(e)f(expanded)f(more)i(than)f(once)705
3819 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(expressions)22 b(used)g(as)h(argumen)m(ts)g(to)h
(arithmetic)f(op)s(erators)g(in)g(the)g Ft([[)f Fu(conditional)810
3928 y(command)30 b(can)h(b)s(e)f(expanded)f(more)i(than)f(once)705
4057 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)35 b(expressions)g(in)g(substring)e
(parameter)j(brace)f(expansion)g(can)g(b)s(e)g(expanded)810
4167 y(more)c(than)f(once)705 4296 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)39
b(expressions)f(in)g(the)h($\(\()h(...)66 b(\)\))f(w)m(ord)39
b(expansion)f(can)h(b)s(e)f(expanded)g(more)810 4405
y(than)30 b(once)705 4534 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(arithmetic)36
b(expressions)f(used)f(as)h(indexed)f(arra)m(y)i(subscripts)d(can)i(b)s
(e)g(expanded)810 4644 y(more)c(than)f(once)705 4773
y Fq(\017)60 b Ft(test)29 b(-v)p Fu(,)35 b(when)f(giv)m(en)h(an)g
(argumen)m(t)g(of)f(`)p Ft(A[@])p Fu(',)h(where)f Fr(A)h
Fu(is)f(an)h(existing)g(asso-)810 4882 y(ciativ)m(e)h(arra)m(y)-8
b(,)37 b(will)d(return)f(true)g(if)h(the)h(arra)m(y)f(has)g(an)m(y)g
(set)g(elemen)m(ts.)53 b(Bash-5.2)810 4992 y(will)31
b(lo)s(ok)g(for)f(and)g(rep)s(ort)f(on)i(a)f(k)m(ey)i(named)d(`)p
Ft(@)p Fu(')705 5121 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(the)40 b($)p Fi({)p
Fr(parameter)7 b Fu([:]=)p Fr(v)-5 b(alue)5 b Fi(})42
b Fu(w)m(ord)e(expansion)f(will)i(return)d Fr(v)-5 b(alue)p
Fu(,)43 b(b)s(efore)d(an)m(y)810 5230 y(v)-5 b(ariable-sp)s(eci\014c)34
b(transformations)f(ha)m(v)m(e)h(b)s(een)e(p)s(erformed)f(\(e.g.,)36
b(con)m(v)m(erting)e(to)810 5340 y(lo)m(w)m(ercase\).)43
b(Bash-5.2)32 b(will)f(return)e(the)i(\014nal)f(v)-5
b(alue)31 b(assigned)f(to)i(the)e(v)-5 b(ariable.)p eop
end
%%Page: 116 122
TeXDict begin 116 121 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(6:)41
b(Bash)30 b(F)-8 b(eatures)2439 b(116)705 299 y Fq(\017)60
b Fu(P)m(arsing)37 b(command)f(substitutions)g(will)g(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)h
(as)g(if)f(extended)g(glob)h(\(see)g(Sec-)810 408 y(tion)30
b(4.3.2)h([The)f(Shopt)f(Builtin],)h(page)h(72\))f(is)g(enabled,)g(so)g
(that)g(parsing)f(a)h(com-)810 518 y(mand)38 b(substitution)g(con)m
(taining)i(an)f(extglob)h(pattern)f(\(sa)m(y)-8 b(,)42
b(as)d(part)g(of)g(a)g(shell)810 628 y(function\))30
b(will)h(not)g(fail.)41 b(This)30 b(assumes)g(the)h(in)m(ten)m(t)g(is)g
(to)g(enable)g(extglob)g(b)s(efore)810 737 y(the)i(command)f(is)g
(executed)h(and)f(w)m(ord)g(expansions)g(are)h(p)s(erformed.)45
b(It)33 b(will)f(fail)810 847 y(at)42 b(w)m(ord)f(expansion)h(time)g
(if)f(extglob)i(hasn't)e(b)s(een)g(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(time)g(the)
810 956 y(command)30 b(is)h(executed.)p eop end
%%Page: 117 123
TeXDict begin 117 122 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(117)150 299
y Fp(7)80 b(Job)54 b(Con)l(trol)150 518 y Fu(This)25
b(c)m(hapter)i(discusses)f(what)g(job)f(con)m(trol)j(is,)f(ho)m(w)f(it)
h(w)m(orks,)g(and)f(ho)m(w)g(Bash)g(allo)m(ws)h(y)m(ou)g(to)g(access)
150 628 y(its)k(facilities.)150 863 y Fs(7.1)68 b(Job)45
b(Con)l(trol)h(Basics)150 1022 y Fu(Job)27 b(con)m(trol)i(refers)e(to)h
(the)g(abilit)m(y)h(to)f(selectiv)m(ely)j(stop)c(\(susp)s(end\))f(the)i
(execution)h(of)e(pro)s(cesses)h(and)150 1132 y(con)m(tin)m(ue)38
b(\(resume\))g(their)f(execution)h(at)g(a)g(later)g(p)s(oin)m(t.)61
b(A)37 b(user)g(t)m(ypically)i(emplo)m(ys)f(this)f(facilit)m(y)150
1241 y(via)27 b(an)e(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k(in)m(terface)f(supplied)d
(join)m(tly)h(b)m(y)g(the)h(op)s(erating)f(system)g(k)m(ernel's)h
(terminal)f(driv)m(er)150 1351 y(and)k(Bash.)275 1482
y(The)23 b(shell)i(asso)s(ciates)h(a)f Fr(job)h Fu(with)e(eac)m(h)i
(pip)s(eline.)38 b(It)25 b(k)m(eeps)f(a)h(table)h(of)e(curren)m(tly)h
(executing)g(jobs,)150 1592 y(whic)m(h)33 b(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e(listed)h
(with)f(the)h Ft(jobs)f Fu(command.)50 b(When)33 b(Bash)h(starts)g(a)g
(job)g(async)m(hronously)-8 b(,)34 b(it)150 1701 y(prin)m(ts)c(a)h
(line)f(that)h(lo)s(oks)g(lik)m(e:)390 1833 y Ft([1])47
b(25647)150 1965 y Fu(indicating)34 b(that)g(this)f(job)g(is)g(job)g(n)
m(um)m(b)s(er)f(1)i(and)f(that)g(the)h(pro)s(cess)f Fm(id)g
Fu(of)g(the)h(last)g(pro)s(cess)f(in)g(the)150 2074 y(pip)s(eline)42
b(asso)s(ciated)i(with)e(this)g(job)g(is)h(25647.)78
b(All)43 b(of)g(the)g(pro)s(cesses)f(in)g(a)h(single)g(pip)s(eline)f
(are)150 2184 y(mem)m(b)s(ers)30 b(of)g(the)h(same)f(job.)41
b(Bash)30 b(uses)g(the)h Fr(job)h Fu(abstraction)f(as)g(the)g(basis)f
(for)g(job)g(con)m(trol.)275 2315 y(T)-8 b(o)23 b(facilitate)j(the)d
(implemen)m(tation)i(of)f(the)f(user)f(in)m(terface)j(to)f(job)f(con)m
(trol,)j(the)d(op)s(erating)h(system)150 2425 y(main)m(tains)j(the)f
(notion)h(of)f(a)g(curren)m(t)g(terminal)g(pro)s(cess)g(group)g
Fm(id)p Fu(.)39 b(Mem)m(b)s(ers)26 b(of)g(this)g(pro)s(cess)f(group)150
2534 y(\(pro)s(cesses)h(whose)g(pro)s(cess)g(group)g
Fm(id)g Fu(is)h(equal)g(to)g(the)f(curren)m(t)g(terminal)h(pro)s(cess)f
(group)f Fm(id)p Fu(\))i(receiv)m(e)150 2644 y(k)m(eyb)s
(oard-generated)22 b(signals)g(suc)m(h)e(as)h Ft(SIGINT)p
Fu(.)36 b(These)21 b(pro)s(cesses)g(are)g(said)g(to)g(b)s(e)g(in)f(the)
h(foreground.)150 2754 y(Bac)m(kground)38 b(pro)s(cesses)f(are)h(those)
g(whose)f(pro)s(cess)g(group)g Fm(id)h Fu(di\013ers)f(from)g(the)g
(terminal's;)42 b(suc)m(h)150 2863 y(pro)s(cesses)24
b(are)g(imm)m(une)g(to)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard-generated)h(signals.)40
b(Only)23 b(foreground)g(pro)s(cesses)h(are)g(allo)m(w)m(ed)150
2973 y(to)g(read)e(from)h(or,)h(if)f(the)g(user)f(so)i(sp)s(eci\014es)e
(with)h Ft(stty)29 b(tostop)p Fu(,)23 b(write)g(to)g(the)h(terminal.)38
b(Bac)m(kground)150 3082 y(pro)s(cesses)27 b(whic)m(h)g(attempt)h(to)f
(read)g(from)g(\(write)g(to)h(when)e Ft(stty)j(tostop)d
Fu(is)h(in)f(e\013ect\))j(the)e(terminal)150 3192 y(are)32
b(sen)m(t)g(a)g Ft(SIGTTIN)e Fu(\()p Ft(SIGTTOU)p Fu(\))g(signal)i(b)m
(y)g(the)g(k)m(ernel's)g(terminal)g(driv)m(er,)g(whic)m(h,)g(unless)f
(caugh)m(t,)150 3302 y(susp)s(ends)d(the)i(pro)s(cess.)275
3433 y(If)k(the)i(op)s(erating)g(system)f(on)h(whic)m(h)f(Bash)g(is)h
(running)d(supp)s(orts)h(job)h(con)m(trol,)j(Bash)e(con)m(tains)150
3543 y(facilities)30 b(to)f(use)f(it.)40 b(T)m(yping)28
b(the)g Fr(susp)s(end)h Fu(c)m(haracter)h(\(t)m(ypically)g(`)p
Ft(^Z)p Fu(',)f(Con)m(trol-Z\))g(while)f(a)g(pro)s(cess)150
3652 y(is)42 b(running)f(causes)i(that)g(pro)s(cess)f(to)h(b)s(e)f
(stopp)s(ed)f(and)h(returns)f(con)m(trol)j(to)f(Bash.)77
b(T)m(yping)42 b(the)150 3762 y Fr(dela)m(y)m(ed)k(susp)s(end)f
Fu(c)m(haracter)h(\(t)m(ypically)g(`)p Ft(^Y)p Fu(',)i(Con)m(trol-Y\))e
(causes)e(the)h(pro)s(cess)e(to)i(b)s(e)f(stopp)s(ed)150
3871 y(when)26 b(it)i(attempts)h(to)f(read)f(input)g(from)f(the)i
(terminal,)h(and)e(con)m(trol)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(returned)f(to)j(Bash.)39
b(The)150 3981 y(user)e(then)g(manipulates)h(the)g(state)h(of)f(this)f
(job,)j(using)d(the)h Ft(bg)f Fu(command)g(to)h(con)m(tin)m(ue)h(it)f
(in)g(the)150 4091 y(bac)m(kground,)g(the)f Ft(fg)g Fu(command)f(to)i
(con)m(tin)m(ue)g(it)f(in)f(the)h(foreground,)h(or)f(the)g
Ft(kill)f Fu(command)g(to)150 4200 y(kill)27 b(it.)40
b(A)27 b(`)p Ft(^Z)p Fu(')g(tak)m(es)h(e\013ect)g(immediately)-8
b(,)29 b(and)d(has)h(the)f(additional)i(side)e(e\013ect)j(of)d(causing)
h(p)s(ending)150 4310 y(output)j(and)g(t)m(yp)s(eahead)h(to)g(b)s(e)e
(discarded.)275 4441 y(There)j(are)g(a)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(w)m(a)m
(ys)g(to)h(refer)e(to)h(a)g(job)f(in)g(the)h(shell.)47
b(The)32 b(c)m(haracter)i(`)p Ft(\045)p Fu(')f(in)m(tro)s(duces)150
4551 y(a)e(job)f(sp)s(eci\014cation)h(\()p Fr(jobsp)s(ec)6
b Fu(\).)275 4682 y(Job)31 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f Ft(n)h
Fu(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(referred)g(to)h(as)g(`)p Ft(\045n)p
Fu('.)44 b(The)31 b(sym)m(b)s(ols)g(`)p Ft(\045\045)p
Fu(')h(and)f(`)p Ft(\045+)p Fu(')g(refer)h(to)g(the)g(shell's)150
4792 y(notion)k(of)f(the)g(curren)m(t)g(job,)h(whic)m(h)f(is)g(the)g
(last)h(job)f(stopp)s(ed)f(while)h(it)h(w)m(as)g(in)e(the)i(foreground)
e(or)150 4902 y(started)27 b(in)g(the)g(bac)m(kground.)40
b(A)27 b(single)g(`)p Ft(\045)p Fu(')g(\(with)g(no)g(accompan)m(ying)i
(job)d(sp)s(eci\014cation\))i(also)g(refers)150 5011
y(to)k(the)e(curren)m(t)h(job.)42 b(The)30 b(previous)g(job)h(ma)m(y)g
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%%Trailer

userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if
%%EOF