+++ /dev/null
- 2/14/2011
- ---------
-[bash-4.2 released]
-
- 2/15
- ----
-lib/glob/gmisc.c
- - fix wmatchlen and umatchlen to avoid going past the end of the
- string on an incomplete bracket expression that ends with a
- NUL. Partial fix for bug reported by Clark Wang <dearvoid@gmail.com>
-
- 2/16
- ----
-subst.h
- - new string extract flag value: SX_WORD. Used when calling
- extract_dollar_brace_string to skip over the word in
- ${param op word} from parameter_brace_expand
-
-subst.c
- - change parameter_brace_expand to add SX_WORD to flags passed to
- extract_dollar_brace_string
- - change parameter_brace_expand to use SX_POSIXEXP for all non-posix
- word expansion operators that treat single quotes as special, not
- just % and #
- - change extract_dollar_brace_string to initialize dolbrace_state to
- DOLBRACE_WORD if SX_WORD flag supplied and we shouldn't use
- DOLBRACE_QUOTE. Fixes bug reported by Juergen Daubert <jue@jue.li>
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - document the exact expansions here strings undergo
-
- 2/17
- ----
-lib/readline/vi_mode.c
- - make sure that `dd', `cc', and `yy' call vidomove_dispatch from
- rl_domove_read_callback. Fixes bug reported by Clark Wang
- <dearvoid@gmail.com>
-
-lib/readline/callback.c
- - make sure _rl_internal_char_cleanup is called after the
- vi-motion callbacks (rl_vi_domove_callback) in rl_callback_read_char.
- Companion to above fix
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - make sure that the text describing the rhs of the == and =~
- operators to [[ states that only the quoted portion of the pattern
- is matched as a string
-
- 2/18
- ----
-lib/glob/gmisc.c
- - better fix for umatchlen/wmatchlen: keep track of the number of
- characters in a bracket expression as the value to increase
- matchlen by if the bracket expression is not well-formed. Fixes
- bug reported by Clark Wang <dearvoid@gmail.com>
-
-subst.c
- - change expand_string_for_rhs so that it sets the W_NOSPLIT2 flag
- in the word flags. We will not perform word splitting or quote
- removal on the result, so we do not want to add quoted nulls if
- we see "" or ''. Fixes bug reported by Mike Frysinger
- <vapier@gentoo.org>
-
- 2/19
- ----
-variables.c
- - new function, int chkexport(name), checks whether variable NAME is
- exported and remakes the export environment if necessary. Returns
- 1 if NAME is exported and 0 if not
- - call chkexport(name) to get tzset to look at the right variable in
- the environment when modifying TZ in sv_tz. Don't call tzset if
- chkexport doesn't indicate that the variable is exported
-
-variables.h
- - new extern declaration for chkexport
-
-
-{parse.y,builtins/printf.def}
- - call sv_tz before calling localtime() when formatting time strings
- in prompt strings or using printf. Fixes bug reported by
- Dennis Williamson <dennistwilliamson@gmail.com>
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - modify fix of 2/9 to add casts when those variables are passed to
- functions; some compilers throw errors instead of warnings. Report
- and fix from Joachim Schmitz <jojo@schmitz-digital.de>
-
-support/shobj-conf
- - add a stanza for nsk on the Tandem from Joachim Schmitz
- <jojo@schmitz-digital.de>
-
-{shell,lib/readline/shell}.c
- - Tandem systems should use getpwnam (getlogin()); for some reason
- they don't do well with using getuid(). Fix from Joachim Schmitz
- <jojo@schmitz-digital.de>
-
- 3/1
- ---
-variables.c
- - make sure that the return value from find_variable is non-null
- before trying to use it in chkexport. Fixes bug reported by
- Evangelos Foutras <foutrelis@gmail.com>
-
- 3/3
- ---
-parse.y
- - when adding $$ to the current token buffer in read_token_word(),
- don't xmalloc a buffer for two characters and then strcpy it, just
- copy the characters directly into the token buffer. Fix from
- Michael Whitten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - fix expand_word_unsplit to add the W_NOSPLIT2 flag to the word to
- be expanded, so "" doesn't add CTLNUL. Similar to fix of 2/18 to
- expand_string_for_rhs. Fixes bug reported by Nathanael D. Noblet
- <nathanael@gnat.ca> and Matthias Klose <doko@debian.org>
-
-parse.y
- - fix extended_glob case of read_token_word to allocate an extra
- space in the buffer for the next character read after the extended
- glob specification if it's a CTLESC or CTLNUL. Report and fix from
- Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
- - fix shell expansions case of read_token_word to allocate an extra
- space in the buffer for the next character read after the shell
- expansion if it's a CTLESC or CTLNUL. Report and fix from
- Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
- - TENTATIVE: fix read_token_word to reduce the amount of buffer space
- required to hold the translated and double-quoted value of $"..."
- strings. Report and fix from Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
- - change code around got_character and got_escaped_character labels to
- make sure that we call RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER before adding the
- CTLESC before a CTLESC or CTLNUL, and before adding the character if
- we're not adding a CTLESC. Report and fix from
- Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
-
-subst.c
- - new param flags value, PF_ASSIGNRHS, mirrors W_ASSIGNRHS, noting that
- parameter expansion is on rhs of assignment statement. That inhibits
- word splitting
- - change param_expand to call string_list_dollar_at with quoted == 1
- if PF_ASSIGNRHS is set, so it will quote IFS characters in the
- positional parameter before separating them with the first char of
- $IFS. This keeps the rhs from being split inappropriately. Fixes
- bug reported by Andres Perera <andres.p@zoho.com>
-
- 3/4
- ---
-lib/readline/bind.c
- - add a missing free of `names' in rl_function_dumper. Bug report
- and fix from Michael Snyder <msnyder@vmware.com>
-
- 3/5
- ---
-lib/readline/rltty.c
- - change rl_deprep_terminal so it uses fileno (stdin) for the tty fd
- if rl_instream is not set, like rl_prep_terminal
-
- 3/6
- ---
-lib/readline/display.c
- - fix rl_message to use a dynamically-allocated buffer instead of a
- fixed-size buffer of 128 chars for the `local message prompt'. Bug
- report and fix from Micah Cowan <micah@cowan.name>
-
- 3/7
- ---
-jobs.c
- - add sentinel to wait_sigint_handler so it only sets wait_sigint_received
- if waiting_for_child is non-zero; otherwise, it restores the old
- SIGINT handler and sends itself the SIGINT
- - set waiting_for_child around the calls to waitchld that use it to
- synchronously wait for a process
- - change logic that decides whether or not the child process blocked
- or handled SIGINT based on whether or not waitpid returns -1/EINTR
- and the shell receives a SIGINT and the child does not exit. If
- the child later exits due to SIGINT, cancel the assumoption that it
- was handled
- - instead of testing whether or not the child exited due to SIGINT
- when deciding whether the shell should act on a SIGINT it received
- while waiting, test whether or not we think the child caught
- SIGINT. If it did, we let it go (unless the shell has it trapped);
- if it did not catch it, the shell acts on the SIGINT. Fix from
- Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>, bug report originally
- from Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
-
- 3/8
- ---
-shell.c
- - initialize no_line_editing to 1 if READLINE is not defined -- we
- can't have line editing without readline
-
- 3/12
- ----
-lib/readline/signals.c
- - add SIGHUP to the set of signals readline handles
-
-lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
- - document that SIGHUP is now part of the set of signals readline
- handles
-
-lib/readline/input.c
- - if _rl_caught_signal indicates that read() was interrupted by a
- SIGHUP or SIGTERM, return READERR or EOF as appropriate
- - call rl_event_hook, if it's set, if call to read in rl_getc
- returns -1/EINTR. If rl_event_hook doesn't do anything, this
- continues the loop as before. This handles the other fatal
- signals
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - add a couple of QUIT; calls to execute_disk_command and
- execute_simple_command to improve responsiveness to interrupts
- and fatal signals
-
-input.c
- - rearrange getc_with_restart so that the return values from read()
- are handled right
-
-parse.y
- - don't need to set terminate_immediately in yy_stream_get, since
- getc_with_restart checks for terminating signals itself
- - since readline returns READERR on SIGHUP or SIGTERM, don't need
- to set terminate_immediately. Still doesn't handle other
- signals well -- will have to check that some more
-
-bashline.c
- - new function, bash_event_hook, for rl_event_hook. Just checks for
- terminating signals and acts on them using CHECK_TERMSIG.
- - set rl_event_hook to bash_event_hook
-
-builtins/read.def
- - take out setting terminate_immediately; add calls to CHECK_TERMSIG
- after read calls
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - move the text describing the effect of negative subscripts used to
- reference indexed array elements to the paragraphs describing
- ${parameter[subscript]}, since that's where they are implemented.
- Pointed out by Christopher F. A. Johnson <cfajohnson@gmail.com>
-
-arrayfunc.[ch],subst.c
- - array_expand_index now takes a new first argument: a SHELL_VAR *
- of the array variable being subscripted. Can be used later to fully
- implement negative subscripts
-
- 3/14
- ----
-lib/glob/glob.c
- - fix mbskipname to not turn the directory entry name into a wide char
- string if the conversion of the pattern to a wide char string fails
- - fix mbskipname to call skipname if either the pattern or the filename
- can't be converted into a wide-char string
-
-lib/glob/xmbsrtowcs.c
- - fix xdupmbstowcs2 to handle return value of 0 from mbsnrtowcs and
- short-circuit with failure in that case. Fixes bug reported by
- Roman Rakus <rrakus@redhat.com>
-
- 3/15
- ----
-bashline.c
- - new variable, bash_filename_quote_characters to store the value
- assigned to rl_filename_quote_characters so it can be restored
- if changed.
- - change bashline_reset and attempt_shell_completion to restore
- rl_filename_quote_characters if not set to default
-
- 3/22
- ----
-lib/glob/glob.c
- - wdequote_pathname falls back to udequote_pathname if xdupmbstowcs
- fails to convert the pathname to a wide-character string
-
-lib/glob/xmbsrtowcs.c
- - xdupmbstowcs2: change to fix problem with leading '\\' (results in
- nms == 0, which causes it to short-circuit with failure right
- away). Fixes bug pointed out by Werner Fink <werner@suse.de>
- - xdupmbstowcs2: compensate for mbsnrtowcs returning 0 by taking the
- next single-byte character and going on
- - xdupmbstowcs2: change memory allocation to increase by WSBUF_INC
- bytes; try to avoid calls to realloc (even if they don't actually
- result in more memory being allocated)
-
- 3/24
- ----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - slightly modify BASH_SUBSHELL description based on complaint from
- Sam Liddicott <sam@liddicott.com>
-
- 3/25
- ----
-trap.c
- - change free_trap_strings to not call free_trap_string for signals
- that are being ignored, like reset_or_restore_signal_handlers.
- Fixes bug reported by Satoshi Takahashi <blue3waters@gmail.com>
-
- 3/26
- ----
-lib/readline/rltypedefs.h
- - remove old Function/VFunction/CPFunction/CPPFunction typedefs as
- suggested by Tom Tromey <tromey@redhat.com>
-
-lib/readline/rlstdc.h
- - move defines for USE_VARARGS/PREFER_STDARG/PREFER_VARARGS from
- config.h.in to here because declaration of rl_message in
- readline.h uses the defines. This makes it hard for another packages
- to use after the header files are installed, since config.h is not
- one of the installed files. Suggested by Tom Tromey
- <tromey@redhat.com>
-
- 3/27
- ----
-print_cmd.c
- - change indirection_string from a static buffer to a dynamic one
- managed by indirection_level_string(), so we don't end up truncating
- PS4. Suggested by Dennis Williamson <dennistwilliamson@gmail.com>
-
-lib/readline/shell.c
- - change sh_set_lines_and_columns to use static buffers instead of
- allocating the buffers to pass to setenv/putenv
-
-lib/readline/terminal.c
- - change _rl_get_screen_size to not call sh_set_lines_and_columns if
- ignore_env == 0
- - _rl_sigwinch_resize_terminal: new function to just retrieve terminal
- size, ignoring environment
-
-lib/readline/rlprivate.h
- - new external declaration for _rl_sigwinch_resize_terminal() (currently
- unused)
-
-lib/readline/signals.c
- - rl_sigwinch_handler: set _rl_caught_signal to SIGWINCH
- - rl_sigwinch_handler: don't immediately call rl_resize_terminal; just
- leave _rl_caught_signal set for RL_CHECK_SIGNALS to handle
- - _rl_signal_handler: call rl_resize_terminal if sig == SIGWINCH.
- Should fix hang when sending multiple repeated SIGWINCH reported by
- Henning Bekel <h.bekel@googlemail.com>
-
- 3/29
- ----
-lib/sh/snprintf.c
- - include math.h for any defines for isinf/isnan
- - use code from gnulib documentation to implement isinf/isnan if they
- are not defined
-
-configure.in
- - don't check for isinf or isnan; c99 says they're macros anyway
-
-config.h.in
- - remove defines for ISINF_IN_LIBC and ISNAN_IN_LIBC, no longer used
- by snprintf.c
-
- 4/2
- ---
-braces.c
- - brace_gobbler: fix to understand double-quoted command substitution,
- since the shell understands unquoted comsubs. Fixes bug reported
- by Michael Whitten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
-
-lib/readline/display.c
- - include <pc.h> on MDOS
- - get and set screen size using DJGPP-specific calls on MSDOS
- - move cursor up clear screen using DJGPP-specific calls
- - don't call tputs on DJGPP; there is no good terminfo support
-
-lib/readline/terminal.c
- - include <pc.h> on MDOS
- - get and set screen size using DJGPP-specific calls on MSDOS
- - use DJGPP-specific initialization on MSDOS, zeroing all the
- _rl_term_* variables
- - don't call tputs on DJGPP; there is no good terminfo support
- DJGPP support from Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
-
- 4/6
- ---
-
-config-top.h
- - change DEFAULT_PATH_VALUE to something more useful and modern
-
- 4/8
- ---
-tests/printf2.sub
- - make sure LC_ALL and LC_CTYPE are set so LANG assignment takes effect.
- Reported by Cedric Arbogast <arbogast.cedric@gmail.com>
-
- 4/11
- ----
-include/chartypes.h
- - fix a couple of dicey defines (though ones that don't cause any
- compiler warnings) in IN_CTYPE_DOMAIN
-
-doc/{bashref.texi,bash.1}
- - add note referring to duplicating file descriptors in sections
- describing redirecting stdout and stderr and appending to stdout
- and stderr. Suggested by Matthew Dinger <mdinger.bugzilla@gmail.com>
-
-pcomplete.c
- - it_init_helptopics: new function to support completing on help topics,
- not just builtins
- - it_helptopics: new programmable completion list of help topics
- - build list of helptopic completions in gen_action_completions on
- demand
-
-pcomplete.h
- - new extern declaration for it_helptopics
-
-builtins/complete.def
- - the `helptopic' action now maps to CA_HELPTOPIC intead of CA_BUILTIN,
- since there are more help topics than just builtins. Suggested by
- Clark Wang <dearvoid@gmail.com>
-
- 4/12
- ----
-print_cmd.c
- - fix print_arith_for_command to add a call to PRINT_DEFERRED_HEREDOCS
- before ending the body of the command, so heredocs get attached to
- the right command instead of to the loop. From gentoo bug 363371
- http://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=363371
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - change coproc_pidchk to unset the appropriate shell variables when
- the (currently single) known coproc pid terminates
- - cleanup and new functions to fully support multiple coprocesses when
- and if I decide to go there
-
- 4/13
- ----
-print_cmd.c
- - fix print_group_command to add a call to PRINT_DEFERRED_HEREDOCS
- after call to make_command_string_internal before printing closing
- `}'
- - fix make_command_string_internal to add a call to
- PRINT_DEFERRED_HEREDOCS after recursive call to
- make_command_string_internal in case cm_subshell before printing
- closing `)'
-
- 4/14
- ----
-print_cmd.c
- - change overlapping strcpy in named_function_string to memmove
-
-sig.h
- - UNBLOCK_SIGNAL: convenience define, same as UNBLOCK_CHILD, just
- restores an old signal mask
-
-trap.c
- - set_signal: instead of setting the signal handler to SIG_IGN while
- installing the new trap handler, block the signal and unblock it
- after the new handler is installed. Fixes bug reported by Roman
- Rakus <rrakus@redhat.com>
-
- 4/15
- ----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - make it clear that enabling monitor mode means that all jobs run in
- separate process groups
-
- 4/18
- ----
-builtins/fc.def
- - update fix of 4/15/2010 to not take saved_command_line_count into
- account when stepping down the history list to make sure that
- last_hist indexes something that is valid. Fixes bug reported by
- <piuma@piumalab.org>
-
- 4/19
- ----
-builtins/fc.def
- - fc_gethnum: make sure the calculation to decide the last history
- entry is exactly the same as fc_builtin. Fixes bug uncovered by
- fix of 4/18 to stop seg fault
-
- 4/22
- ----
-lib/readline/terminal.c
- - change _rl_enable_meta_key to set a flag indicating that it sent the
- enable-meta sequence
- - _rl_disable_meta_key: new function to turn off meta mode after we
- turned it on with _rl_enable_meta_key
-
-lib/readline/rlprivate.h
- - extern declaration for _rl_disable_meta_key
-
-configure.in
- - if not cross-compiling, set CFLAGS_FOR_BUILD from any CFLAGS inherited
- from the environment. Fixes HP/UX build problem reported by
- "Daniel Richard G." <skunk@iSKUNK.ORG>
-
- 4/26
- ----
-config-top.h
- - define MULTIPLE_COPROCS to 0 so the code is still disabled but easy
- to enable via configure option or editing this file
-
- 4/29
- ----
-lib/sh/eaccess.c
- - freebsd provides faccessat, with the same misfeature as their eaccess
- and access implementations (X_OK returns true for uid==0 regardless
- of the actual file permissions), so reorganize code to check the
- file permissions as with eaccess. Report and fix from Johan Hattne
- <johan.hattne@utsouthwestern.edu>
-
- 5/2
- ---
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - add forward reference to `Pattern Matching' from `Pathname
- Expansion', suggested by Greg Wooledge <wooledg@eeg.ccf.org>
-
- 5/5
- ---
-pcomplib.c
- - the bash_completion project now distributes over 200 completions
- for various programs, with no end in sight, so increase the value
- of COMPLETE_HASH_BUCKETS from 32 to 128
-
-pathexp.c
- - quote_string_for_globbing: make sure CTLESC quoting CTLESC is
- translated into \<CTLESC> even if the flags include QGLOB_REGEXP.
- We don't want to process the second CTLESC as a quote character.
- Fixes bug reported by Shawn Bohrer <sbohrer@rgmadvisors.com>
-
- 5/6
- ---
-builtins/printf.def
- - change PRETURN to not call fflush if ferror(stdout) is true
- - if a call to one of the stdio functions or printstr leaves
- ferror(stdout) true, and PRETURN is going to be called, let PRETURN
- print the error message rather than doubling up the messages. Fixes
- problem reported by Roman Rakus <rrakus@redhat.com>
-
- 5/9
- ---
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - add note to the effect that lists inside compound command can be
- terminated by newlines as well as semicolons. Suggested by
- Roman Byshko <rbyshko@gmail.com>
-
- 5/10
- ----
-subst.c
- - remove_quoted_nulls: fix problem that caused it to skip over the
- character after a CTLNUL, which had the effect of skipping every
- other of a series of CTLNULs. Fixes bug reported by
- Marten Wikstrom <marten.wikstrom@keystream.se>
-
- 5/11
- ----
-subst.c
- - extract_process_subst: add SX_COMMAND flag to call to
- extract_delimited_string, since we're expanding the same sort of
- command as command substitution. Fixes bug reported in Ubuntu
- bug 779848
-
- 5/12
- ----
-configure.in
- - set the prefer_shared and prefer_static variables appropriately
- depending on the value of $opt_static_link
-
-aclocal.m4
- - AC_LIB_LINKFLAGS_BODY: change to not prefer shared versions of the
- libraries it's searching for if the prefer_shared variable is "no".
- Fixes problem reported by Cedric Arbogast <arbogast.cedric@gmail.com>
-
- 5/13
- ----
-lib/readline/readline.c
- - _rl_internal_teardown: add call to _rl_disable_meta_key to make the
- meta key active only for the duration of the call to readline()
- - _rl_internal_setup: move call to _rl_enable_meta_key here from
- readline_initialize_everything so the meta key is active only for
- the duration of the call to readline(). Suggestion from Miroslav
- Lichvar <mlichvar@redhat.com>
-
-builtins/help.def
- - help_builtin: change strncmp to strcmp so that `help read' no longer
- matches `readonly'. Suggested by Clark Wang <dearvoid@gmail.com>
-
-config.h.in
- - add define for GLIBC21, checked using jm_GLIBC21 as part of the tests
- for libintl
-
-lib/malloc/malloc.c
- - internal_free: don't use the cached value of memtop when deciding
- whether or not to adjust the break and give memory back to the kernel
- when using the GNU C library, since glibc uses sbrk for its own
- internal purposes. From Debian bug 614815, reported by Samuel
- Thibault <samuel.thibault@gnu.org>
-
-aclocal.m4
- - BASH_STRUCT_WEXITSTATUS_OFFSET: change AC_RUN_IFELSE to AC_TRY_RUN
- to avoid warning about not using AC_LANG_SOURCE
-
- 5/14
- ----
-bashline.[ch]
- - two new functions, bashline_set_event_hook and bashline_reset_event_hook,
- to set rl_event_hook to bash_event_hook and back to NULL, respectively
- - don't set rl_event_hook unconditionally
-
-sig.c
- - termsig_sighandler: if the shell is currently interactive and
- readline is active, call bashline_set_event_hook to cause
- termsig_handler to be called via bash_event_hook when the shell
- returns from the signal handler
-
- 5/15
- ----
-lib/readline/display.c
- - _rl_col_width: Mac OS X has a bug in wcwidth: it does not return 0
- for UTF-8 combining characters. Added workaround dependent on
- MACOSX. Fixes problem pointed out by Thomas De Contes
- <d.l.tDecontes@free.fr>
-
- 5/16
- ----
-lib/readline/rlmbutil.h
- - WCWIDTH: wrapper for wcwidth that returns 0 for Unicode combining
- characters on systems where wcwidth is broken (e.g., Mac OS X).
-
-lib/readline/{complete,display,mbutil}.c
- - use WCWIDTH instead of wcwidth
-
- 5/17
- ----
-lib/readline/display.c
- - update_line: after computing ofd and nfd, see whether the next
- character in ofd is a zero-width combining character. If it is,
- back ofd and nfd up one, so the base characters no longer compare
- as equivalent. Fixes problem reported by Keith Winstein
- <keithw@mit.edu>
-
-lib/readline/nls.c
- - _rl_utf8locale: new flag variable, set to non-zero if the current
- locale is UTF-8
- - utf8locale(): new function, returns 1 if the passed lspec (or the
- current locale) indicates that the locale is UTF-8. Called from
- _rl_init_eightbit
-
-lib/readline/rlprivate.h
- - extern declaration for _rl_utf8locale
-
-locale.c
- - locale_utf8locale: new flag variable, set to non-zero if the current
- locale is UTF-8 (currently unused)
- - locale_isutf8(): new function, returns 1 if the passed lspec (or the
- current locale) indicates that the locale is UTF-8. Should be called
- whenever the locale or LC_CTYPE value is modified
-
-aclocal.m4
- - BASH_WCWIDTH_BROKEN: new test for whether or not wcwidth returns
- zero-width characters like unicode combining characters as having
- display length 1; define WCWIDTH_BROKEN in this case
-
-config.h.in
- - WCWIDTH_BROKEN: new define
-
-lib/readline/rlmbutil.h
- - change WCWIDTH macro to use _rl_utf8locale and the full range of
- Unicode combining characters (U+0300-U+036F)
-
- 5/19
- ----
-lib/readline/rlprivate.h
- - _rl_search_context: new member, prevc, will hold character read
- prior to lastc
-
-lib/readline/isearch.c
- - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if the character causes us to index into
- another keymap, save that character in cxt->prevc
- - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if we index into another keymap, but don't
- find a function that's special to i-search, and the character that
- caused us to index into that keymap would have terminated the
- search, push back cxt->prevc and cxt->lastc to make it appear as
- if `prevc' terminated the search, and execute lastc as a command.
- We have to push prevc back so we index into the same keymap before
- we read lastc. Fixes bug report from Davor Cubranic
- <cubranic@stat.ubc.ca>
-
- 5/20
- ----
-expr.c
- - expr_bind_variable: pay attention to the return value from
- bind_variable and check whether or not we should error out due to
- a readonly or noassign variable. Fixes bug reported by Eric
- Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
-
- 5/26
- ----
-
-lib/readline/search.c
- - include histlib.h for ANCHORED_SEARCH defines
- - rl_history_search_flags: new variable, holds ANCHORED_SEARCH flag for
- the duration of a history search
- - rl_history_search_reinit: takes a new flags variable, defines whether
- or not the search is anchored; assigned to rl_history_search_flags
- - rl_history_serarch_reinit: if ANCHORED_SEARCH flag passed, add ^ to
- beginning of search string; otherwise search string is unmodified
- - rl_history_search_internal: set rl_point appropriately based on
- whether or not rl_history_search_flags includes ANCHORED_SEARCH
- - rl_history_substr_search_forward: new function, for non-anchored
- substring search forward through history for string of characters
- preceding rl_point
- - rl_history_substr_search_backward: new function, for non-anchored
- substring search backward through history for string of characters
- preceding rl_point. Original code from Niraj Kulkarni
- <kulkarniniraj14@gmail.com>
-
-lib/readline/readline.h
- - extern declarations for rl_history_substr_search_{for,back}ward
-
-lib/readline/funmap.c
- - history-substring-search-forward: new bindable command, invokes
- rl_history_substr_search_forward
- - history-substring-search-backward: new bindable command, invokes
- rl_history_substr_search_backward
-
-lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texi,readline.3}
- - document history-substring-search-forward and
- history-substring-search-backward
-
- 5/27
- ----
-{nojobs,jobs}.c
- - add support for DONT_REPORT_SIGTERM so that the shell doesn't print
- a message when a job exits due to SIGTERM since that's the default
- signal sent by the kill builtin. Suggested by Marc Herbert
- <mark.herbert@gmail.com>
-
-config-top.h
- - DONT_REPORT_SIGTERM: new user-modifiable setting. Commented out
- by default
-
- 5/28
- ----
-lib/readline/bind.c
- - _rl_skip_to_delim: skip to a closing double quote or other delimiter,
- allowing backslash to quote any character, including the delimiter
- - rl_parse_and_bind: call _rl_skip_to_delim instead of using inline
- code
- - rl_parse_and_bind: allow quoted strings as the values of string
- variables. Variable values without double quotes have trailing
- whitespace removed (which still allows embedded whitespace, for
- better or worse). Fixes problem with string variables not matching
- in `set' command if values happen to have trailing spaces or tabs
- (debian bash bug #602762), but introduces slight incompatibility.
-
- 5/29
- ----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - clarify unset description to specify that without options, a
- variable, then a shell function if there is no variable by that
- name, is unset. Fixes discrepancy reported by Mu Qiao
- <qiaomuf@gentoo.org>
-
- 6/4
- ----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - clarify description of LINES and COLUMNS (and checkwinsize shopt
- option) to make it clear that only interactive shells set a
- handler for SIGWINCH and update LINES and COLUMNS. Original
- report submitted by Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
-
-arrayfunc.c
- - expand_compound_array_assignment: defer expansion of words between
- parens when performing compound assignmnt to an associative array
- variable
- - assign_compound_array_list: perform the same expansions when doing
- a compound array assignment to an associative array variable as
- when doing a straight array index assignment. The idea is that
- foo=( [ind1]=bar [ind2]=quux)
- is the same as
- foo[ind1]=bar ; foo[ind2]=quux
-
- This fixes problems with double-expansion and quote removal being
- performed on the array indices
-
- 6/13
- ----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - Add a little text to make it clear that the locale determines how
- range expressions in glob patterns are handled.
-
-
- 6/21
- ----
-builtins/read.def
- - display a message and return error status if -a is used with an
- existing associative array. Fixes bug reported by Curtis Doty
- <curtis@greenkey.net>
-
- 6/24
- ----
-{jobs,nojobs}.c
- - non-interactive shells now react to the setting of checkwinsize
- and set LINES and COLUMNS after a foreground job exits. From a
- suggestion by Leslie Rhorer <lrhorer@satx.rr.com>
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - checkwinsize: remove language saying that only interactive shells
- check the window size after each command
-
-lib/readline/histfile.c
- - history_backupfile: new file, creates a backup history file name
- given a filename (appending `-')
- - history_do_write: when overwriting the history file, back it up
- before writing. Restore backup file on a write error. Suggested
- by chkno@chkno.net
-
-bashline.c
- - find_cmd_name: two new arguments, return the start and end of the
- actual text string used to find the command name, without taking
- whitespace into account
- - attempt_shell_completion: small changes to make sure that completion
- attempted at the beginning of a non-empty line does not find a
- programmable completion, even if the command name starts at point
- - attempt_shell_completion: small change to make sure that completion
- does not find a progcomp when in whitespace before the command
- name
- - attempt_shell_completion: small change to make sure that completion
- does not find a progcomp when point is at the first character of a
- command name, even when there is leading whitespace (similar to
- above). Fixes problems noted by Ville Skytta <ville.skytta@iki.fi>
-
-subst.c
- - brace_expand_word_list: since the individual strings in the strvec
- returned by brace_expand are already allocated, don't copy them to
- newly-allocated memory when building the WORD_LIST, just use them
- intact
-
-locale.c
- - locale_mb_cur_max: cache value of MB_CUR_MAX when we set or change
- the locale to avoid a function call every time we need to read it
-
-shell.h
- - new struct to save shell_input_line and associated variables:
- shell_input_line_state_t
- - add members of sh_parser_state_t to save and restore token and the
- size of the token buffer
-
-parse.y
- - {save,restore}_input_line_state: new functions to save and restore
- shell_input_line and associated variables
- - {save,restore}_parser_state: add code to save and restore the token
- and token buffer size
- - xparse_dolparen: call save_ and restore_input_line_state to avoid
- problems with overwriting shell_input_line when we recursively
- call the parser to parse a command substitution. Fixes bug
- reported by Rui Santos <rsantos@grupopie.com>
-
-include/shmbutil.h
- - use locale_mb_cur_max instead of MB_CUR_MAX in ADVANCE_CHAR and
- similar macros
-
-lib/glob/smatch.c
- - rangecmp,rangecmp_wc: change to take an additional argument, which
- forces the use of strcoll/wscoll when non-zero. If it's 0, a new
- variable `glob_asciirange' controls whether or not we use strcoll/
- wscoll. If glob_asciirange is non-zero, we use straight
- C-locale-like ordering. Suggested by Aharon Robbins
- <arnold@skeeve.com>
-
- 6/30
- ----
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_pipeline: make sure the lastpipe code is protected by
- #ifdef JOB_CONTROL. Fixes problem reported by Thomas Cort
- <tcort@minix3.org>
-
- 7/2
- ---
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - EXPERIMENTAL: remove setting of _rl_interrupt_immediately around
- completion functions that touch the file system. Idea from Jan
- Kratochvil <jan.ktratochvil@redhat.com> and the GDB development
- team
-
-lib/readline/signals.c
- - rl_signal_handler: if we're in callback mode, don't interrupt
- immediately on a SIGWINCH
-
- 7/3
- ---
-bashline.c
- - set_directory_hook: and its siblings are a new set of functions to
- set, save, and restore the appropriate directory completion hook
- - change callers to use {set,save,restore}_directory_hook instead of
- manipulating rl_directory_rewrite_hook directly
- - dircomplete_expand: new variable, defaults to 0, if non-zero causes
- directory names to be word-expanded during word and filename
- completion
- - change {set,save,restore}_directory_hook to look at dircomplete_expand
- and change rl_directory_completion_hook or rl_directory_rewrite_hook
- appropriately
-
-bashline.h
- - extern declaration for set_directory_hook so shopt code can use it
-
- 7/6
- ---
-builtins/shopt.def
- - globasciiranges: new settable shopt option, makes glob ranges act
- as if in the C locale (so b no longer comes between A and B).
- Suggested by Aharon Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>
-
- 7/7
- ---
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - document new `globasciiranges' shopt option
-
- 7/8
- ---
-builtins/shopt.def
- - direxpand: new settable option, makes filename completion expand
- variables in directory names like bash-4.1 did.
- - shopt_set_complete_direxpand: new function, does the work for the
- above by calling set_directory_hook
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - document new `direxpand' shopt option
-
- 7/15
- ----
-lib/readline/isearch.c
- - _rl_isearch_dispatch: when adding character to search string, use
- cxt->lastc (which we use in the switch statement) instead of c,
- since lastc can be modified earlier in the function
-
- 7/18
- ----
-lib/readline/rlprivate.h
- - _rl_search_context: add another member to save previous value of
- (multibyte) lastc: pmb is to mb as prevc is to lastc
-
-lib/readline/isearch.c:
- - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if a key sequence indexes into a new keymap,
- but doesn't find any bound function (k[ind].function == 0) or is
- bound to self-insert (k[ind].function == rl_insert), back up and
- insert the previous character (the one that caused the index into a
- new keymap) and arrange things so the current character is the next
- one read, so both of them end up in the search string. Fixes bug
- reported by Clark Wang <dearvoid@gmail.com>
- - _rl_isearch_dispatch: a couple of efficiency improvements when adding
- characters to the isearch string
-
- 7/24
- ----
-lib/readline/isearch.c
- - _rl_isearch_dispatch: save and restore cxt->mb and cxt->pmb
- appropriately when in a multibyte locale
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - correct description of {x}>file (and other redirection operators
- that allocate a file descriptor) to note the the fd range is
- greater than or equal to 10. Fixes problem reported by
- Christian Ullrich
-
-lib/readline/signals.c
- - rl_signal_handler: don't interrupt immediately if in callback mode
-
-lib/readline/callback.c
- - rl_callback_read_char: install signal handlers only when readline
- has control in callback mode, so readline's signal handlers aren't
- called when the application is active (e.g., between the calls to
- rl_callback_handler_install and rl_callback_read_char). If the
- readline signal handlers only set a flag, which the application
- doesn't know about, the signals will effectively be ignored until
- the next time the application calls into the readline callback
- interface. Fixes problem of calling unsafe functions from signal
- handlers when in callback mode reported by Jan Kratochvil
- <jan.kratochvil@redhat.com>
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - fix_assignment_words: when in Posix mode, the `command' builtin
- doesn't change whether or not the command name it protects is an
- assignment builtin. One or more instances of `command'
- preceding `export', for instance, doesn't make `export' treat its
- assignment statement arguments differently. Posix interpretation
- #351
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - document new Posix-mode behavior of `command' when preceding builtins
- that take assignment statements as arguments
-
-builtins/printf.def
- - printstr: if fieldwidth or precision are < 0 or > INT_MAX when
- supplied explicitly (since we take care of the `-' separately),
- clamp at INT_MAX like when using getint(). Fixes issue reported
- by Ralph Coredroy <ralph@inputplus.co.uk>
-
- 7/25
- ----
-lib/readline/chardefs.h
- - isxdigit: don't define if compiling with c++; declared as a c++
- template function. Fixes bug reported by Miroslav Lichvar
- <mlichvar@redhat.com>
-
-builtins/printf.def
- - getint: if garglist == 0, return whatever getintmax returns (0).
- Fixes bug reported by Ralph Coredroy <ralph@inputplus.co.uk>
-
- 7/28
- ----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - minor changes to the descriptions of the cd and pushd builtins
-
-lib/sh/zread.c
- - zsyncfd: change variable holding return value from lseek to
- off_t. Bug report and fix from Gregory Margo <gmargo@pacbell.net>
-
- 8/1
- ---
-expr.c
- - don't check for division by 0 when in a context where no evaluation
- is taking place. Fixes bug reported by dnade.ext@orange-ftgroup.com
-
- 8/6
- ---
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_command_internal: the parent branch of the subshell code
- (where the child calls execute_in_subshell) should not close all
- open FIFOs with unlink_fifo_list if it's part of a shell function
- that's still executing. Fixes bug reported by Maarten Billemont
- <lhunath@lyndir.com>
-
- 8/9
- ---
-builtins/common.c
- - get_exitstat: return EX_BADUSAGE (2) on a non-numeric argument
-
-builtins/return.def
- - return_builtin: just call get_exitstat to get the return status,
- let it handle proper parsing and handling of arguments. Fixes
- issue most recently raised by Linda Walsh <bash@tlinx.org>.
- Reverses change from 9/11/2008 (see above)
-
- 8/16
- ----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - clean up `set -e' language to make it clearer that any failure of
- a compound command will cause the shell to exit, not just subshells
- and brace commands
-
- 8/17
- ----
-configure.in
- - make the various XXX_FOR_BUILD variables `precious' to autoconf to
- avoid stale data
- - change how CC_FOR_BUILD is initialized when cross-compiling and not,
- but do not change behavior
- - initialize CFLAGS_FOR_BUILD to -g when cross-compiling
- - initialize LIBS_FOR_BUILD to $(LIBS) when not cross-compiling, empty
- when cross-compiling
- - create AUTO_CFLAGS variable to hold basic CFLAGS defaults; used when
- CFLAGS not inherited from environment (like effect of old
- auto_cflags variable)
- - substitute LIBS_FOR_BUILD into output Makefiles
- [changes inspired by bug report from Nathan Phillip Brink
- <ohnobinki@ohnopublishing.net> -- gentoo bug 378941]
-
-builtins/Makefile.in
- - substitute LIBS_FOR_BUILD from configure, not strictly initialized
- to $(LIBS)
-
- 8/27
- ----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - minor changes to the here string description to clarify the
- expansions performed on the word
-
-support/shobj-conf
- - handle compilation on Lion (Mac OS X 10.7/darwin11) with changes
- to darwin stanzas. Fixes readline bug reported by Vincent
- Sheffer <vince.sheffer@apisphere.com>
-
-lib/sh/strtrans.c
- - ansic_wshouldquote: check a string with multi-byte characters for
- characters that needs to be backslash-octal escaped for $'...'
- - ansic_shouldquote: if is_basic fails for one character, let
- ansic_wshouldquote examine the rest of the string and return what
- it returns. From a patch sent by Roman Rakus <rrakus@redhat.com>
-
- 8/30
- ----
-lib/sh/strtrans.c
- - ansic_quote: changes to quote (or not) multibyte characters. New
- code converts them to wide characters and uses iswprint to check
- valid wide chars. From a patch sent by Roman Rakus
- <rrakus@redhat.com>
-
- 9/7
- ---
-lib/sh/shquote.c
- - sh_backslash_quote: change to be table-driven so we can use a
- different table if we want to
- - sh_backslash_quote: takes a second char table[256] argument;
-
-externs.h
- - sh_backslash_quote: add second argument to function prototype
-
-bashline.c,braces.c,parse.y,builtins/printf.def
- - change callers of sh_backslash_quote to add second argument
-
-bashline.c
- - filename_bstab: table of characters to pass to sh_backslash_quote;
- characters with value 1 will be backslash-quoted
- - set_filename_bstab: turn on characters in filename backslash-quote
- table according to passed string argument
- - call set_filename_bstab every time rl_filename_quote_characters is
- assigned a value
- - bash_quote_filename: call sh_backslash_quote with filename_bstab
- as second argument. This allows other characters in filenames to
- be quoted without quoting, for instance, a dollar sign in a shell
- variable reference
-
- 9/8
- ---
-bashline.c
- - complete_fullquote: new variable, controls table passed to
- sh_backslash_quote. If non-zero (the default), the standard set
- of shell metacharacters -- as in bash versions up to and including
- bash-4.2 -- gets backslash-quoted by the completion code. If zero,
- sh_backslash_quote gets the table with the characters in the
- variable reference removed, which means they are removed from the
- set of characters to be quoted in filenames
-
- 9/10
- ----
-bashline.c
- - bash_filename_stat_hook: new function, designed to expand variable
- references in filenames before readline passes them to stat(2)
- to determine whether or not they are a directory
-
- 9/15
- ----
-builtins/declare.def
- - if assign_array_element fails due to a bad (or empty) subscript, mark
- it as an assignment error and don't attempt any further processing
- of that declaration. Fixes segfault bug reported by Diego Augusto
- Molina <diegoaugustomolina@gmail.com>
-
- 9/19
- ----
-expr.c
- - exppower: replace the simple exponentiation algorithm with an
- implementation of exponentiation by squaring. Inspired by report
- from Nicolas ARGYROU <nargy@yahoo.com>
-
-bashline.c
- - bash_quote_filename: check for rtext being non-null before
- dereferencing it
- - set_saved_history: operate_and_get_next assumes that the previous
- line was added to the history, even when the history is stifled and
- at the max number of entries. If it wasn't, make sure the history
- number is incremented properly. Partial fix for bug reported by
- gregrwm <backuppc-users@whitleymott.net>
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi},lib/readline/doc/{hsuser,rluser}.texi
- - minor editorial changes inspired by suggestions from
- Roger Zauner <rogerx.oss@gmail.com>
-
- 9/20
- ----
-lib/intl/localealias.c
- - read_alias_file: close resource leak (fp) when returning on error
-
- 9/22
- ----
-execute_command.c
- - execute_intern_function: implement Posix interpretation 383 by making
- it an error to define a function with the same name as a special
- builtin when in Posix mode.
- http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=383#c692
-
- 9/25
- ----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - formatting and some content changes from Benno Schulenberg
- <bensberg@justemail.net>
- - document new posix-mode behavior from interp 383 change of 9/22
-
- 9/30
- ----
-execute_cmd.c
- - shell_execve: add strerror to error message about executable file
- that shell can't execute as a shell script. From suggestion by
- daysleeper <daysleeper@centrum.cz>
-
- 10/1
- ----
-bashhist.c
- - maybe_add_history: act as if literal_history is set when parser_state
- includes PST_HEREDOC, so we save the bodies of here-documents just
- as they were entered. Fixes bug reported by Jonathan Wakely
- <bugs@kayari.org>
- - bash_add_history: make sure that the second and subsequent lines of
- a here document don't have extra newlines or other delimiting
- chars added, since they have the trailing newline preserved, when
- `lithist' is set and history_delimiting_chars isn't called
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_command_internal: avoid fd exhaustion caused by using
- process substitution in loops inside shell functions by using
- copy_fifo_list and close_new_fifos (). Fixes debian bash bug
- 642504
-
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - new variable, rl_filename_stat_hook, used by append_to_match. If
- filename completion is desired, and rl_filename_stat_hook points
- to a function, call that function to expand the filename in an
- application-specific way before calling stat.
-
-bashline.c
- - bash_default_completion: if variable completion returns a single
- match, use bash_filename_stat_hook and file_isdir to determine
- whether or not the variable name expands to a directory. If it
- does, set the filename_append_character to `/'. This is not
- perfect, so we will see how it works out. Adds functionality
- requested by Peter Toft <pto@linuxbog.dk> and Patrick Pfeifer
- <patrick@pfeifer.de>
- - rl_filename_stat_hook: assigned bash_filename_stat_hook, so things
- like $HOME/Downloads (after completion) have a slash appended.
- In general, this causes the stat hook to be called whenever
- filename completion is appended. Adds functionality requested by
- Patrick Pfeifer <patrick@pfeifer.de>
-
-lib/readline/readline.h
- - new extern declaration for rl_filename_stat_hook
-
-lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
- - rl_directory_rewrite_hook: now documented
- - rl_filename_stat_hook: document
-
-pcomplete.c
- - gen_action_completions: in the CA_DIRECTORY case, turn off
- rl_filename_completion_desired if it was off before we called
- rl_filename_completion_function and we didn't get any matches.
- Having it on causes readline to quote the matches as if they
- were filenames. Adds functionality requested by many,
- including Clark Wang <dearvoid@gmail.com>
-
-assoc.[ch]
- - assoc_replace: new function, takes the same arguments as
- assoc_insert, but returns the old data instead of freeing it
- - assoc_insert: if the object returned by hash_insert doesn't have
- the same value for its key as the key passed as an argument, we
- are overwriting an existing value. In this case, we can free the
- key. Fixes bug reported by David Parks <davidparks21@yahoo.com>
-
- 10/5
- ----
-print_cmd.c
- - indirection_level_string: small change to only re-enable `x'
- option after calling decode_prompt_string if it was on before. In
- normal mode, it will be, but John Reiser <jreiser@bitwagon.com>
- has a novel use for that code in conjunction with a pre-loaded
- shared library that traces system call usage in shell scripts
-
- 10/10
- -----
-Makefile.in
- - Fix from Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org> to avoid trying to
- build y.tab.c and y.tab.h with two separate runs of yacc if
- parse.y changes. Problem with parallel makes
- - Fix from Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org> to avoid subdirectory
- builds each trying to make version.h (and all its dependencies)
-
-lib/sh/Makefile.in
- - remove some dependencies on version.h where it doesn't make sense
-
-variables.c
- - initialize_shell_variables: while reading the environment, a shell
- running in posix mode now checks for SHELLOPTS being readonly (it
- gets set early on in main()) before trying to assign to it. It
- saves an error message and the variable gets parsed as it should.
- Fixes bug reported by Len Giambrone <Len.Giambrone@intersystems.com>
-
- 10/14
- -----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - add to the "duplicating file descriptors" description that >&word
- doesn't redirect stdout and stderr if word expands to `-'
- - add to the "appending standard output and standard error"
- description a note that >&word, where word is a number or `-',
- causes other redirection operators to apply for sh and Posix
- compatibility reasons. Suggested by Greg Wooledge
- <wooledg@eeg.ccf.org>
-
- 10/15
- -----
-pcomplete.c
- - change pcomp_filename_completion_function to only run the filename
- dequoting function in the cases (as best as it can figure) where
- readline won't do it via rl_filename_completion_function. Based
- on reports from <lolilolicon@gmail.com>
-
- 10/19
- -----
-bashline.c
- - attempt_shell_completion: add call to set_directory_hook() to make
- sure the rewrite functions are correct. It's cheap and doesn't
- hurt
- - command_word_completion_function: if completing a command name that
- starts with `.' or `..', temporarily suppress the effects of the
- `direxpand' option and restore the correct value after calling
- rl_filename_completion_function. If it's enabled, the directory
- name will be rewritten and no longer match `./' or `../'. Fixes
- problem reported by Michael Kalisz <michael@kalisz.homelinux.net>
-
- 10/22
- -----
-builtins/history.def
- - push_history: make sure remember_on_history is enabled before we
- try to delete the last history entry -- the `history -s' command
- might not have been saved. Fixes bug reported by
- lester@vmw-les.eng.vmware.com
-
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - rl_callback_read_char: add calls to a macro CALLBACK_READ_RETURN
- instead of straight return; add same call at end of function.
- Placeholder for future work in deinstalling signal handlers when
- readline is not active
-
- 10/25
- -----
-expr.c
- - exp2: catch arithmetic overflow when val1 == INTMAX_MIN and val2 == -1
- for DIV and MOD and avoid SIGFPE. Bug report and pointer to fix
- from Jaak Ristioja <jaak.ristioja@cyber.ee>
- - expassign: same changes for arithmetic overflow for DIV and MOD
-
- 10/28
- -----
-subst.c
- - parameter_brace_expand: allow pattern substitution when there is an
- expansion of the form ${var/} as a no-op: replacing nothing with
- nothing
- - parameter_brace_patsub: don't need to check for PATSUB being NULL;
- it never is
-
-flags.c
- - if STRICT_POSIX is defined, initialize history_expansion to 0, since
- history expansion (and its treatment of ! within double quotes) is
- not a conforming posix environment. From austin-group issue 500
-
-lib/readline/histexpand.c
- - history_expand: when processing a string within double quotes
- (DQUOTE == 1), make the closing double quote inhibit history
- expansion, as if the word were outside double quotes. In effect,
- we assume that the double quote is followed by a character in
- history_no_expand_chars. tcsh and csh seem to do this. This
- answers a persistent complaint about history expansion
-
- 10/29
- -----
-make_cmd.c
- - make_arith_for_command: use skip_to_delim to find the next `;'
- when breaking the string between the double parens into three
- separate components instead of a simple character loop. Fixes
- bug reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
- 11/2
- ----
-Makefile.in
- - make libbuiltins.a depend on builtext.h to serialize its creation
- and avoid conflict between multiple invocations of mkbuiltins.
- Fix from Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
-
- 11/5
- ----
-findcmd.c
- - user_command_matches: if stat(".", ...) returns -1, set st_dev
- and st_ino fields in dotinfo to 0 to avoid same_file matches
- - find_user_command_in_path: check stat(2) return the same way
-
-lib/glob/glob.c
- - glob_vector: don't call strlen(pat) without checking pat == 0
- - glob_dir_to_array: make sure to free `result' and all allocated
- members before returning error due to malloc failure
- - glob_vector: make sure to free `nextname' and `npat' on errors
- (mostly when setting lose = 1)
- - glob_vector: if flags & GX_MATCHDIRS but not GX_ALLDIRS, make
- sure we free `subdir'
- - glob_filename: when expanding ** (GX_ALLDIRS), make sure we
- free temp_results (return value from glob_vector)
-
-lib/glob/xmbsrtowcs.c
- - xdupmbstowcs: fix call to realloc to use sizeof (char *) instead
- of sizeof (char **) when assigning idxtmp
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - print_index_and_element: return 0 right away if L == 0
- - is_dirname: fix memory leak by freeing `temp'
- - time_command: don't try to deref NULL `command' when assigning
- to `posix_time'
- - shell_execve: null-terminate `sample' after READ_SAMPLE_BUF so it's
- terminated for functions that expect that
-
-builtins/read.def
- - read_builtin: don't call bind_read_variable with a potentially-null
- string
-
-pcomplete.c
- - gen_command_matches: don't call dispose_word_desc with a NULL arg
- - gen_compspec_completions: fix memory leak by freeing `ret' before
- calling gen_action_completions (tcs, ...). happens when
- performing directory completion as default and no completions
- have been generated
- - gen_progcomp_completions: make sure to set foundp to 0 whenever
- returning NULL
- - it_init_aliases: fix memory leak by freeing alias_list before
- returning
-
-bashline.c
- - command_word_completion_function: don't call restore_tilde with a
- NULL directory_part argument
- - bash_directory_expansion: bugfix: don't throw away results of
- rl_directory_rewrite_hook if it's set and returns non-zero
- - bind_keyseq_to_unix_command: free `kseq' before returning error
-
-arrayfunc.c
- - assign_array_element_internal: make sure `akey' is freed if non-null
- before returning error
- - assign_compound_array_list: free `akey' before returning error
- - array_value_internal: free `akey' before returning error
- - unbind_array_element: free `akey' before returning error
-
-subst.c
- - array_length_reference: free `akey' before returning error in case
- of expand_assignment_string_to_string error
- - array_length_reference: free `akey' after call to assoc_reference
- - skip_to_delim: if skipping process and command substitution, free
- return value from extract_process_subst
- - parameter_brace_substring: free `val' (vtype == VT_VARIABLE) before
- returning if verify_substring_values fails
- - parameter_brace_expand: remove two duplicate lines that allocate
- ret in parameter_brace_substring case
- - parameter_brace_expand: convert `free (name); name = xmalloc (...)'
- to use `xrealloc (name, ...)'
- - parameter_brace_expand: free `name' before returning when handling
- ${!PREFIX*} expansion
- - split_at_delims: fix memory leak by freeing `d2' before returning
-
-redir.c
- - redirection_error: free `filename' if the redirection operator is
- REDIR_VARASSIGN by assigning allocname
-
-eval.c
- - send_pwd_to_eterm: fix memory leak by freeing value returned by
- get_working_directory()
-
-builtins/cd.def
- - change_to_directory: fix memory leak by freeing return value from
- resetpwd()
- - cd_builtin: fix memory leak by freeing value returned by dirspell()
- - cd_builtin: fix memory leak by freeing `directory' if appropriate
- before overwriting with return value from resetpwd()
-
-builtins/type.def
- - describe_command: free `full_path' before overwriting it with return
- value from sh_makepath
-
-builtins/complete.def
- - compgen_builtin: fix memory leak by calling strlist_dispose (sl)
- before overwriting sl with return value from completions_to_stringlist
-
-builtins/hash.def
- - list_hashed_filename_targets: fix memory leak by freeing `target'
-
-make_cmd.c
- - make_arith_for_command: free `init', `test', and `step' before
- returning error on parse error
-
-jobs.c
- - initialize_job_control: don't call move_to_high_fd if shell_tty == -1
-
-general.c
- - check_dev_tty: don't call close with an fd < 0
- - legal_number: deal with NULL `string' argument, return invalid
-
-lib/sh/fmtulong.c
- - fmtulong: if the `base' argument is invalid, make sure we index
- buf by `len-1' at maximum
-
-print_cmd.c
- - print_deferred_heredocs: don't try to dereference a NULL `cstring'
- - cprintf: make sure to call va_end (args)
-
-variables.c
- - push_dollar_vars: fix call to xrealloc to use sizeof (WORD_LIST *)
- instead of sizeof (WORD_LIST **)
-
-lib/sh/zmapfd.c
- - zmapfd: if read returns error, free result and return -1 immediately
- instead of trying to reallocate it
-
- 11/6
- ----
-execute_cmd.c
- - cpl_reap: rewrote to avoid using pointer after freeing it; now builds
- new coproc list on the fly while traversing the old one and sets the
- right values for coproc_list when done
-
- 11/12
- -----
-builtins/set.def
- - if neither -f nor -v supplied, don't allow a readonly function to
- be implicitly unset. Fixes bug reported by Jens Schmidt
- <jens.schmidt35@arcor.de>
-
-lib/readline/callback.c
- - change CALLBACK_READ_RETURN to clear signal handlers before returning
- from rl_callback_read_char so readline's signal handlers aren't
- installed when readline doesn't have control. Idea from Jan
- Kratochvil <jan.ktratochvil@redhat.com> and the GDB development
- team
-
-pcomplete.h
- - COPT_NOQUOTE: new complete/compgen option value
-
-builtins/complete.def
- - noquote: new complete/compgen option; will be used to disable
- filename completion quoting
-
-pcomplete.c
- - pcomp_set_readline_variables: pay attention to COPT_NOQUOTE; turns
- of rl_filename_quoting_desired if set; turns it on if unset (value
- is inverted, since default is on)
-
-doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
- - document new -o noquote option to complete/compgen/compopt
-
-pathexp.c
- - quote_string_for_globbing: if QGLOB_REGEXP, make sure characters
- between brackets in an ERE bracket expression are not inappropriately
- quoted with backslashes. This is a pretty substantial change,
- should be stressed when opening bash up for alpha and beta tests.
- Fixes bug pointed out by Stephane Chazleas
- <stephane_chazelas@yahoo.fr>
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - document that regexp matches can be inconsistent when quoting
- characters in bracket expressions, since usual quoting characters
- lose their meaning within brackets
- - note that regular expression matching when the pattern is stored
- in a shell variable which is quoted for expansion causes string
- matching
-
-redir.h
- - RX_SAVEFD: new flag value; notes that a redirection denotes an
- fd used to save another even if it's not >= SHELL_FD_BASE
-
-redir.c
- - do_redirection_internal: when deciding whether or not to reset the
- close-on-exec flag on a restored file descriptor, trust the value
- of redirect->flags & RX_SAVCLEXEC even if the fd is < SHELL_FD_BASE
- if the RX_SAVEFD flag is set
- - add_undo_redirect: set the RX_SAVEFD flag if the file descriptor
- limit is such that the shell can't duplicate to a file descriptor
- >= 10. Fixes a limitation that tripped a coreutils test reported
- by Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
-
- 11/19
- -----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi},lib/readline/doc/hsuser.texi
- - make it clear that bash runs HISTFILESIZE=$HISTSIZE after reading
- the startup files
- - make it clear that bash runs HISTSIZE=500 after reading the
- startup files
- - make it clear that setting HISTSIZE=0 causes commands to not be
- saved in the history list
- - make it clear that setting HISTFILESIZE=0 causes the history file
- to be truncated to zero size
-
-variables.c
- - sv_histsize: change so setting HISTSIZE to a value less than 0
- causes the history to be `unstifled'
- - sv_histsize: change so setting HISTFILESIZE to a value less than 0
- results in no file truncation
- - make it clear that numeric values less than 0 for HISTFILESIZE or
- HISTSIZE inhibit the usual functions
-
- 11/23
- -----
-parse.y
- - save_input_line_state: add missing `return ls' at the end, since the
- function is supposed to return its argument. Pointed out by
- Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
-
-builtins/read.def
- - skip over NUL bytes in input, as most modern shells seem to. Bug
- report by Matthew Story <matt@tablethotels.com>
-
-lib/readline/vi_mode.c
- - rl_vi_replace: set _rl_vi_last_key_before_insert to invoking key
-
- 11/25
- -----
-builtins/read.def
- - read_builtin: if xrealloc returns same pointer as first argument,
- don't bother with the remove_unwind_protect/add_unwind_protect pair
- - read_builtin: set a flag (`reading') around calls to zread/zreadc
- and readline()
- - sigalrm: change to set flag (`sigalrm_seen') and only longjmp if
- currently in read(2) (reading != 0)
- - CHECK_ALRM: new macro, checks sigalrm_seen and longjmps if non-zero,
- behavior of old SIGALRM catching function
- - read_builtin: call CHECK_ALRM in appropriate places while reading
- line of input. Fixes bug reported by Pierre Gaston
- <pierre.gaston@gmail.com>
-
-lib/readline/vi_mode.c
- - rl_vi_replace: initialize characters before printing characters in
- vi_replace_keymap to their default values in vi_insertion_keymap,
- since we're supposed to be in insert mode replacing characters
- - rl_vi_replace: call rl_vi_start_inserting to set last command to
- `R' for undo
- - rl_vi_replace: set _rl_vi_last_key_before_insert to `R' for future
- use by _rl_vi_done_inserting
- - vi_save_insert_buffer: new function, broke out code that copies text
- into vi_insert_buffer from _rl_vi_save_insert
- - _rl_vi_save_replace: new function, saves text modified by
- rl_vi_replace (using current point and vi_replace_count to figure
- it out) to vi_replace_buffer
- - _rl_vi_save_insert: call vi_save_insert_buffer
- - _rl_vi_done_inserting: if _rl_vi_last_key_before_insert == 'R', call
- _rl_vi_save_replace to save text modified in replace mode (uses
- vi_save_insert_buffer)
- - _rl_vi_replace_insert: new function, replaces the number of chars
- in vi_insert_buffer after rl_point with contents ov vi_insert_buffer
- - rl_vi_redo: call _rl_vi_replace_insert if last command == 'R' and
- there's something in vi_insert_buffer. Fixes bug with `.' not
- redoing the most recent `R' command, reported by Geoff Clare
- <g.clare@opengroup.org> in readline area on savannah
-
- 11/26
- -----
-lib/readline/rlprivate.h
- - RL_SIG_RECEIVED(): evaluate to non-zero if there is a pending signal
- to be handled
- - RL_SIGINT_RECEIVED(): evaluate to non-zero if there is a pending
- SIGINT to be handled
-
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - remove all mention of _rl_interrupt_immediately
- - rl_completion_matches: check RL_SIG_RECEIVED after each call to
- the entry function, call RL_CHECK_SIGNALS if true to handle the
- signal
- - rl_completion_matches: if RL_SIG_RECEIVED evaluates to true, free
- and zero out the match_list this function allocated
- - rl_completion_matches: if the completion entry function is
- rl_filename_completion_function, free the contents of match_list,
- because that function does not keep state and will not free the
- entries; avoids possible memory leak pointed out by
- Garrett Cooper <yanegomi@gmail.com>
- - gen_completion_matches: if RL_SIG_RECEIVED evalutes to true after
- calling rl_attempted_completion_function, free the returned match
- list and handle the signal with RL_CHECK_SIGNALS; avoids
- possible memory leak pointed out by Garrett Cooper
- <yanegomi@gmail.com>
- - gen_completion_matches: if RL_SIG_RECEIVED evaluates to true after
- calling rl_completion_matches, free the returned match list and
- handle the signal with RL_CHECK_SIGNALS
-
-lib/readline/util.c
- - rl_settracefp: new utility function to set the tracing FILE *
-
-lib/readline/signals.c
- - _rl_sigcleanup: pointer to a function that will be called with the
- signal and a void * argument from _rl_handle_signal
- - _rl_sigcleanarg: void * that the rest of the code can set to have
- passed to the signal cleanup function
- - _rl_handle_signal: if _rl_sigcleanup set, call as
- (*_rl_sigcleanup) (sig, _rl_sigcleanarg)
-
-lib/readline/rlprivate.h
- - extern declarations for _rl_sigcleanup and _rl_sigcleanarg
-
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - _rl_complete_sigcleanup: signal cleanup function for completion code;
- calls _rl_free_match_list on _rl_sigcleanarg if signal == SIGINT
- - rl_complete_internal: before calling display_matches if what_to_do
- == `?', set _rl_sigcleanup to _rl_complete_sigcleanup so the match
- list gets freed on SIGINT; avoids possible memory leak pointed out
- by Garrett Cooper <yanegomi@gmail.com>
- - rl_complete_internal: in default switch case, call _rl_free_match_list
- before returning to avoid memory leak
-
-doc/bashref.texi
- - start at a set of examples for the =~ regular expression matching
- operator, touching on keeping the pattern in a shell variable and
- quoting portions of the pattern to remove their special meaning
-
- 12/1
- ----
-lib/glob/gmisc.c
- - extglob_pattern: new function, returns 1 if pattern passed as an
- argument looks like an extended globbing pattern
-
-lib/glob/glob.c
- - skipname: return 0 immediately if extglob_pattern returns non-zero,
- let the extended globbing code do the right thing with skipping
- names beginning with a `.'
- - mbskipname: return 0 immediately if extglob_pattern returns non-zero,
- let the extended globbing code do the right thing with skipping
- names beginning with a `.'. Fixes bug reported by Yongzhi Pan
- <panyongzhi@gmail.com>
-
- 12/2
- ----
-lib/glob/smatch.c
- - patscan, patscan_wc: no longer static so other parts of the glob
- library can use them, renamed to glob_patscan, glob_patscan_wc
-
-lib/glob/glob.c
- - extern declarations for glob_patscan, glob_patscan_wc
- - wchkname: new function, does skipname on wchar_t pattern and dname,
- old body of mbskipname after converting to wide chars
- - extglob_skipname: new function, checks all subpatterns in an extglob
- pattern to determine whether or not a filename should be skipped.
- Calls skipname for each subpattern. Dname is only skipped if all
- subpatterns indicate it should be. Better fix for bug reported by
- Yongzhi Pan <panyongzhi@gmail.com>
- - wextglob_skipname: wide-char version of extglob_skipname, calls
- wchkname instead of calling back into mbskipname for each
- subpattern to avoid problems with char/wchar_t mismatch
- - skipname: call extglob_skipname if extglob_pattern returns non-zero
- - mbskipname: call wextglob_skipname if extglob_pattern returns non-zero
- - mbskipname: short-circuit immediately if no multibyte chars in
- pattern or filename
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_cond_node: added parens to patmatch assignment statement to
- make intent clearer
-
- 12/3
- ----
-configure.in,config.h.in
- - check for imaxdiv, define HAVE_IMAXDIV if present
-
-expr.c
- - expassign, exp2: use imaxdiv if available. Doesn't help with checks
- for overflow from 10/25
-
- 12/6
- ----
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - compute_lcd_of_matches: if we're ignoring case in the matches, only
- use what the user typed as the lcd if it matches the first match
- (after sorting) up to the length of what was typed (if what the
- user typed is longer than the shortest of the possible matches, use
- the shortest common length of the matches instead). If it doesn't
- match, use the first of the list of matches, as if case were not
- being ignored. Fixes bug reported by Clark Wang
- <dearvoid@gmail.com>
-
- 12/7
- ----
-builtins/cd.def
- - cd_builtin: add code to return error in case cd has more than one
- non-option argument, conditional on CD_COMPLAINS define (which is
- not defined anywhere)
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - note that additional arguments to cd following the directory name
- are ignored. Suggested by Vaclav Hanzl <hanzl@noel.feld.cvut.cz>
-
- 12/10
- -----
-lib/readline/input.c
- - rl_read_key: don't need to increment key sequence length here; doing
- it leads to an off-by-one error
-
-lib/readline/macro.c
- - rl_end_kbd_macro: after off-by-one error with rl_key_sequence_length
- fixed, can decrement current_macro_index by rl_key_sequence_length
- (length of key sequence that closes keyboard macro)
-
-lib/readline/readline.c
- - _rl_dispatch_subseq: fix extra increment of rl_key_sequence_length
- when ESC maps to a new keymap and we're converting meta characters
- to ESC+key
- - _rl_dispatch_subseq: better increment of rl_key_sequence_length
- before we dispatch to a function in the ISFUNC case (where the
- second increment above should have happened)
- - rl_executing_keyseq: the full key sequence that ended up executing
- a readline command. Available to the calling application, maintained
- by _rl_dispatch_subseq, indexed by rl_key_sequence_length
- - rl_executing_key: the key that was bound to the currently-executing
- readline command. Same as the `key' argument to the function
-
-lib/readline/readline.h
- - rl_executing_keyseq: extern declaration
- - rl_executing_key: extern declaration
- - rl_key_sequence_length: declaration moved here from rlprivate.h,
- now part of public interface
-
-lib/readline/rlprivate.h
- - new extern declaration for _rl_executing_keyseq_size, buffer size
- for rl_executing_keyseq
-
-lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
- - documented new variables: rl_executing_key, rl_executing_keyseq,
- rl_key_sequence_length
-
- 12/13
- -----
-bashline.c
- - bash_execute_unix_command: replace ad-hoc code that searches
- cmd_xmap for correct command with call to rl_function_of_keyseq
- using rl_executing_keyseq; now supports key sequences longer
- than two characters. Fixes bug reported by Michael Kazior
- <kazikcz@gmail.com>
-
- 12/15
- -----
-make_cmd.c
- - make_function_def: don't null out source_file before calling
- make_command so it can be used later on when the function definition
- is executed
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_intern_function: second argument is now FUNCTION_DEF *
- instead of COMMAND *
- - execute_command_internal: call execute_intern_function with the
- new second argument (the entire FUNCTION_DEF instead of just the
- command member)
- - execute_intern_function: if DEBUGGER is defined, call
- bind_function_def before calling bind_function, just like
- make_function_def does (might be able to take out the call in
- make_function_def depending on what the debugger does with it).
- Fixes bug reported by <dethrophes@motd005>
-
-expr.c
- - more minor changes to cases of INTMAX_MIN % -1 and INTMAX_MIN / 1;
- fix typos and logic errors
-
- 12/16
- -----
-bashline.c
- - find_cmd_start: change flags to remove SD_NOSKIPCMD so it skips over
- command substitutions and doesn't treat them as command separators
- - attempt_shell_completion: instead of taking first return from
- find_cmd_name as command name to use for programmable completion,
- use loop to skip over assignment statements. Fixes problem reported
- by Raphael Droz <raphael.droz+floss@gmail.com>
- - attempt_shell_completion: if we don't find a command name but the
- command line is non-empty, assume the other words are all assignment
- statements and flag that point is in a command position so we can
- do command name completion
- - attempt_shell_completion: if the word being completed is the first
- word following a series of assignment statements, and the
- command line is non-empty, flag that point is in a command position
- so we can do command name completion
-
-lib/readline/history.c
- - history_get_time: atol -> strtol
-
- 12/18
- -----
-parse.y
- - parser_in_command_position: external interface to the
- command_token_position macro for use by other parts of the shell,
- like the completion mechanism
-
-externs.h
- - extern declaration for parser_in_command_position
-
- 12/19
- -----
-
-builtins/read.def
- - read_builtin: make sure all calls to bind_read_variable are passed
- a non-null string. Fixes bug reported by Dan Douglas
- <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
-bashline.c
- - attempt_shell_completion: mark that we're in a command position if
- we're at the start of the line and the parser is ready to accept
- a reserved word or command name. Feature most recently suggested
- by Peng Yu <pengyu.ut@gmail.com>
-
- 12/21
- -----
-lib/readline/bind.c
- - _rl_escchar: return the character that would be backslash-escaped
- to denote the control character passed as an argument ('\n' -> 'n')
- - _rl_isescape: return 1 if character passed is one that has a
- backslash escape
- - _rl_untranslate_macro_value: new second argument: use_escapes, if
- non-zero translate to backslash escapes where possible instead of
- using straight \C-x for control character `x'. Change callers
- - _rl_untranslate_macro_value: now global
-
-lib/readline/rlprivate.h
- - _rl_untranslate_macro_value: extern declaration
-
-lib/readline/{macro.c,readline.h}
- - rl_print_last_kbd_macro: new bindable function, inspired by patch
- from Mitchel Humpherys
-
-lib/readline/funmap.c
- - print-last-kbd-macro: new bindable command, bound to
- rl_print_last_kbd_macro
-
-lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texi,readline.3},doc/bash.1
- - print-last-kbd-macro: document.
-
-lib/readline/text.c
- - _rl_insert_next: if we're defining a macro, make sure the key gets
- added to the macro text (should really audit calls to rl_read_key()
- and make sure the right thing is happening for all of them)
-
-bashline.[ch]
- - print_unix_command_map: new function, prints all bound commands in
- cmd_xmap using rl_macro_dumper in a reusable format
-
-builtins/bind.def
- - new -X option: print all keysequences bound to Unix commands using
- print_unix_command_map. Feature suggested by Dennis Williamson
- (2/2011)
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - document new `bind -X' option
-
- 12/24
- -----
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - add a couple of sentences to the description of the case modification
- operators making it clearer that each character of parameter is
- tested against the pattern, and that the pattern should only attempt
- to match a single character. Suggested by Bill Gradwohl
- <bill@ycc.com>
-
- 12/28
- -----
-shell.c
- - init_noninteractive: instead of calling set_job_control(0) to
- unconditionally turn off job control, turn on job control if
- forced_interactive or jobs_m_flag is set
- - shell_initialize: call initialize_job_control with jobs_m_flag as
- argument so `bash -m script' enables job control while running the
- script
-
-jobs.c
- - initialize_job_control: if the `force' argument is non-zero, turn on
- job control even if the shell is not currently interactive
- (interactive == 0)
-
- 12/29
- -----
-
-flags.h
- - new extern declaration for jobs_m_flag
-
-builtins/{cd,set}.def,doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - added text clarifying the descriptions of cd -L and -P, suggested by
- Padraig Brady <p@draigbrady.com>
- - slight change to the description of `set -P' about resolving symbolic
- links
-
-lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
- - Added an example to the programmable completion section: _comp_cd,
- a completion function for cd, with additional verbiage. Text
- includes a reference to the bash_completion project
-
- 1/1/2012
- --------
-jobs.c
- - set_job_status_and_cleanup: note that a job is stopped due to
- SIGTSTP (any_tstped) if job_control is set; there's no need to
- test interactive
-
- 1/5
- ---
-quit.h
- - LASTSIG(): new macro, expands to signal number of last terminating
- signal received (terminating_signal or SIGINT)
-
-trap.c
- - first_pending_trap: returns lowest signal number with a trap pending
- - trapped_signal_received: set to the last trapped signal the shell
- received in trap_handler(); reset to 0 in run_pending_traps
-
-builtins/read.def
- - read_builtin: changes to posix-mode (posixly_correct != 0) to make
- `read' interruptible by a trapped signal. After the trap runs,
- read returns 128+sig and does not assign the partially-read line
- to the named variable(s). From an austin-group discussion started
- by David Korn
-
- 1/11
- ----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - slight changes to the descriptions of the compat32 and compat40 shell
- options to clarify their meaning
-
- 1/12
- ----
-lib/readline/{colors.[ch],parse-colors.[ch]}
- - new files, part of color infrastructure support
-
-Makefile.in,lib/readline/Makefile.in
- - arrange to have colors.o and parse-colors.o added to readline
- library
-
-{configure,config.h}.in
- - check for stdbool.h, define HAVE_STDBOOL_H if found
-
- 1/14
- ----
-lib/readline/bind.c
- - colored_stats: new bindable variable, enables using colors to
- indicate file type when listing completions
-
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - _rl_colored_stats: new variable, controlled by colored-stats bindable
- variable
- - colored_stat_start, colored_stat_end: new functions to set and reset
- the terminal color appropriately depending on the type of the
- filename to be printed
- - print_filename: changes to print colors if `colored-stats' variable
- set. Changes contributed by Raphael Droz
- <raphael.droz+floss@gmail.com>
-
-lib/readline/readline.c
- - rl_initialize_everything: add call to _rl_parse_colors to parse
- color values out of $LS_COLORS. May have to add to rl_initialize
- to make more dynamic if LS_COLORS changes (which doesn't happen
- very often, if at all)
-
-lib/readline/rlprivate.h
- - _rl_colored_stats: new extern declaration
-
-lib/readline/doc/{readline.3,rluser.texi},doc/bash.1
- - colored-stats: document new bindable readline variable
-
-lib/readline/colors.c
- - _rl_print_color_indicator: call rl_filename_stat_hook before calling
- lstat/stat so we can get color indicators for stuff like
- $HOME/Applications
-
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - stat_char: call rl_filename_stat_hook before calling lstat/stat
-
-findcmd.[ch],execute_cmd.c
- - search_for_command: now takes a second `flags' argument; changed
- header function prototype and callers
- - search_for_command: if (flags & 1), put the command found in $PATH
- into the command hash table (previous default behavior)
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - is_dirname: call search_for_command with flags argument of 0 so it
- doesn't try to put something in the command hash table
-
-bashline.c
- - bash_command_name_stat_hook: a hook function for readline's
- filename_stat_hook that does $PATH searching the same way that
- execute_cmd.c:execute_disk_command() does it, and rewrites the
- passed filename if found. Does not put names into command hash
- table. This allows command name completion to take advantage
- of `visible-stats' and `colored-stats' settings.
- - executable_completion: new function, calls the directory completion
- hook to expand the filename before calling executable_file or
- executable_or_directory; change command_word_completion_function to
- call executable_completion. This allows $HOME/bin/[TAB] to do
- command completion and display alternatives
-
- 1/17
- ----
-pcomplete.c
- - gen_command_matches: now takes a new second argument: the command
- name as deciphered by the programmable completion code and used
- to look up the compspec; changed callers (gen_compspec_completions)
- - gen_shell_function_matches: now takes a new second argument: the
- command that originally caused the completion function to be
- invoked; changed callers (gen_compspec_completions))
- - build_arg_list: now takes a new second argument: the command name
- corresponding to the current compspec; changed callers
- (gen_command_matches, gen_shell_function_matches)
- - build_arg_list: now uses `cmd' argument to create $1 passed to
- invoked command or shell function
- - gen_compspec_completions: if we skipped a null command at the
- beginning of the line (e.g., for completing `>'), add a new word for
- it at the beginning of the word list and increment nw and cw
- appropriately. This is all a partial fix for the shortcoming
- pointed out by Sung Pae <sungpae@gmail.com>
-
- 1/18
- ----
-
-{configure,config.h}.in
- - new check: check for AUDIT_USER_TTY defined in <linux/audit.h>,
- define HAVE_DECL_AUDIT_USER_TTY if both are found
-
-lib/readline/rlconf.h
- - ENABLE_TTY_AUDIT_SUPPORT: new define, allows use of the Linux kernel
- tty auditing system if it's available and enabled
-
-lib/readline/util.c
- - _rl_audit_tty: new function, send a string to the kernel tty audit
- system
-
-lib/readline/rlprivate.h
- - _rl_audit_tty: new extern declaration
-
-lib/readline/readline.c
- - readline: call _rl_audit_tty with line to be returned before returning
- it if the Linux tty audit system is available and it's been enabled
- in rlconf.h Original patch from Miroslav Trmac; recent request
- from Miroslav Lichvar <mlichvar@redhat.com>
-
- 1/21
- ----
-
-lib/readline/readline.c:
- - _rl_dispatch_subseq: add an inter-character timeout for multi-char
- key sequences. Suggested by <rogerx.oss@gmail.com>. Still needs
- work to make a user-settable variable
-
-parse.y
- - shell_getc: make code that uses the pop_alias dependent on ALIAS
- define
-
-variables.h
- - sv_tz: extern define should only depend on HAVE_TZSET
-
-expr.c
- - expr_streval: if ARRAY_VARS is not defined, set lvalue->ind to -1;
- move assignment to `ind' inside define
- - expr_bind_array_element: declaration and uses need to be #ifdef
- ARRAY_VARS
-
-arrayfunc.h
- - AV_ALLOWALL, AV_QUOTED, AV_USEIND: define to 0 if ARRAY_VARS not
- defined; used in subst.c unconditionally
-
-sig.h
- - make the signal blocking functions not dependent on JOB_CONTROL
-
-sig.c
- - sigprocmask: make the replacement definition not dependent on
- JOB_CONTROL
-
-trap.c
- - use BLOCK_SIGNAL/UNBLOCK_SIGNAL instead of code dependent on
- HAVE_POSIX_SIGNALS and BSD signals
-
- 1/24
- ----
-
-print_cmd.c
- - print_redirection_list: change the conditions under which
- r_duplicating_output_word is mapped to r_err_and_out to more or
- less match those used in redir.c. Fixes bug pointed out by
- Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
-
- 1/29
- ----
-lib/readline/signals.c
- - _rl_block_sigwinch,_rl_release_sigwinch: don't compile in bodies
- unless SIGWINCH is defined. Fixes bug reported by Pierre Muller
- <pierre.muller@ics-cnrs.unistra.fr>
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - small modifications to the introduction to the REDIRECTION section
- to describe how redirections can modify file handles
- - small modification to the section describing base#n to make it
- clearer that n can be denoted using non-numerics. From a posting
- by Linda Walsh <bash@tlinx.org>
-
- 2/2
- ---
-builtins/printf.def
- - printf_builtin: make sure vbuf is intialized and non-null when -v
- is supplied, since other parts of the code assume that it's not
- null (e.g., bind_printf_variable()). Fixes bug reported by Jim
- Avera <james_avera@yahoo.com>
-
- 2/4
- ---
-lib/readline/undo.c
- - _rl_free_undo_list: new function, old body of rl_free_undo_list,
- frees undo entries in UNDO_LIST * passed as argument
- - rl_free_undo_list: call _rl_free_undo_list
-
-lib/readline/rlprivate.h
- - _rl_free_undo_list: new extern declaration
- - _rl_keyseq_timeout: new extern declaration (see below)
-
-lib/readline/misc.c
- - rl_clear_history: new function. Clears the history list and frees
- all associated data similar to history.c:clear_history(), but
- takes rl_undo_list into account and frees and UNDO_LISTs saved as
- `data' members of a history list entry
-
-lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
- - rl_clear_history: documented
-
-lib/readline/readline.c
- - _rl_keyseq_timeout: new variable to hold intra-key timeout value
- from 1/21 fix; specified in milliseconds. Default value is 500
- - _rl_dispatch_subseq: change to use _rl_keyseq_timeout as intra-key
- timeout if it's greater than 0; no timeout if <= 0
- - _rl_dispatch_subseq: don't check for queued keyboard input if we have
- pushed or pending input, or if we're reading input from a macro
-
-lib/readline/bind.c
- - keyseq-timeout: new bindable variable, shadows _rl_keyseq_timeout
- - string_varlist: add keyseq-timeout
- - sv_seqtimeout: new function to modify value of _rl_keyseq_timeout;
- clamps negative values at 0 for now
- - _rl_get_string_variable_value: return value for keyseq-timeout
-
-doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texi,readline.3}
- - keyseq-timeout: documented
-
-lib/readline/isearch.c
- - _rl_isearch_dispatch: modification to fix from 7/18 to not use
- cxt->keymap and cxt->okeymap, since by the time this code is
- executed, they are equal. Use `f' to check for rl_insert or
- unbound func
- - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if we're switching keymaps, not in
- callback mode, and don't have pending or pushed input, use
- _rl_input_queued to resolve a potentially ambiguous key sequence.
- Suggested by Roger Zauner <rogerx.oss@gmail.com>
- - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if we have changed keymaps and resolved to
- an editing function (not self-insert), make sure we stuff the
- right characters back onto the input after changing the keymap
- back so the right editing function is executed after the search
- is terminated. Rest of fix for bug reported by Roger Zauner
- <rogerx.oss@gmail.com>
-
- 2/5
- ---
-builtins/gen-helpfiles.c
- - new file: reads struct builtin and writes the long docs to files
- in the `helpdirs' subdirectory. The filename is given in the
- previously-unused `handle' member of the struct builtin. Links
- with `tmpbuiltins.o', which is created by Makefile to have the
- right long documentation. When not cross-compiling, gets the
- right #defines based on configuration options from config.h instead
- of trying to parse conditional parts of def files. Fixes
- shortcoming pointed out by Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
-
-builtins/Makefile.in
- - tmpbuiltins.c: new generated file, created to enable creation of
- separate helpfiles based on correct #defines instead of trying to
- parse conditional parts of def files
- - gen-helpfiles: new program to generate helpfiles, links with
- tmpbuiltins.o
- - HELPFILES_TARGET: new target, substituted by configure to `helpdoc'
- if separate helpfiles requested
- - targets: new target, libbuiltins.a and $(HELPFILES_TARGET)
- - CREATED_OBJECTS: new variable, holds created object files for
- make clean; changed make clean to remove created objects
- - helpdoc: changed to call gen-helpfiles instead of mkbuiltins
-
-Makefile.in
- - when building libbuiltins.a, recursively call make with `targets'
- argument to make sure separate helpfiles get built
-
-configure.in
- - substitute `helpdoc' as value of HELPFILES_TARGET if
- --enable-separate-helpfiles supplied as configure argument
-
-builtins/mkbuiltins.c
- - `-nofunctions': new argument, causes mkbuiltins to not write value
- for function implementing a particular builtin to struct builtin
- and to write document file name to `handle' member of struct builtin
- - no longer writes separate helpfiles; that is left to gen-helpfiles
-
- 2/8
- ---
-subst.c
- - make sure last_command_exit_value is set to a non-zero value before
- any calls to report_error, since `-e' set will short-circuit
- report_error. Fixes bug reported by Ewan Mellor
- <Ewan.Mellor@eu.citrix.com>
-
-variables.c
- - make_local_array_variable: added second argument; if non-zero,
- function will return an existing local associative array variable
- instead of insisting on an indexed array
-
-variable.h,subst.c
- - make_local_array_variable: changed prototype and caller
-
-builtins/declare.def
- - declare_internal: add second arg to call to make_local_array_variable;
- making_array_special, which indicates we're processing an
- assignment like declare a[b]=c. Fixes seg fault resulting from
- a being an already-declared local associative array variable in a
- function. Ubuntu bash bug 928900.
-
- 2/14
- ----
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_command_internal: if redirections into or out of a loop fail,
- don't try to free ofifo_list unless saved_fifo is non-zero. It's
- only valid if saved_fifo is set
-
- 2/15
- ----
-{arrayfunc,braces,variables}.c
- - last_command_exit_value: make sure it's set before any calls to
- report_error, since -e will cause that to exit the shell
-
-builtins/common.c
- - get_job_by_name: call internal_error instead of report_error so this
- doesn't exit the shell
-
- 2/18
- ----
-builtins/evalstring.c
- - parse_and_execute: make sure the file descriptor to be redirected to
- is 1 before calling cat_file. One fix for bug reported by Dan Douglas
- <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
-parse.y
- - read_token_word: don't return NUMBER if a string of all digits
- resolves to a number that overflows the bounds of an intmax_t.
- Other fix for bug reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
- 2/19
- ----
-lib/sh/strtrans.c
- - ansicstr: use 0x7f as the boundary for characters that translate
- directly from ASCII to unicode (\u and \U escapes) instead of
- UCHAR_MAX, since everything >= 0x80 requires more than one byte.
- Bug and fix from John Kearney <dethrophes@web.de>
-
-builtins/printf.def
- - tescape: ditto for printf \u and \U escape sequences
-
- 2/20
- ----
-lib/sh/unicode.c
- - u32toutf8: fix to handle encodings up to six bytes long correctly
- (though technically UTF-8 only has characters up to 4 bytes long).
- Report and fix from John Kearney <dethrophes@web.de>
- - u32toutf8: first argument is now an unsigned 32-bit quantity,
- changed callers (u32cconv) to pass c instead of wc
- - u32reset: new function, resets local static state to uninitialized
- (locale information, currently)
-
-locale.c
- - call u32reset whenever LC_CTYPE/LC_ALL/LANG is changed to reset the
- cached locale information used by u32cconv. From a report from
- John Kearney <dethrophes@web.de>
-
- 2/21
- ----
-doc/{bash,builtins}.1
- - minor changes from Bjarni Ingi Gislason <bjarniig@rhi.hi.is>
-
-lib/sh/unicode.c
- - u32cconv: only assume you can directly call wctomb on the passed
- value if __STDC_ISO_10646__ is defined and the value is <=
- 0x7fffffff
- - stub_charset: return locale as default instead of "ASCII", let
- rest of code decide what to do with it
-
-lib/readline/parens.c
- - _rl_enable_paren_matching: make paren matching work in vi insert
- mode. Bug report from <derflob@derflob.de>
-
- 2/22
- ----
-lib/sh/shquote.c
- - sh_backslash_quote: quote tilde in places where it would be
- expanded. From a report from John Kearney <dethrophes@web.de>
-
- 2/23
- ----
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_pipeline: wrap the discard_unwind_frame call in #ifdef
- JOB_CONTROL, since the frame is only created if JOB_CONTROL is
- defined. Bug and fix from Doug Kehn <rdkehn@yahoo.com>
-
- 2/25
- ----
-error.c
- - report_error: make sure last_command_exit_value is non-zero before
- we call exit_shell, since the exit trap may reference it. Call
- exit_shell with last_command_exit_value to allow exit statuses
- other than 1
-
-unicode.c
- - stub_charset: use local static buffer to hold charset, don't change
- value returned by get_locale_var. Based on idea and code from
- John Kearney <dethrophes@web.de>
- - u32toutf16: function to convert unsigned 32-bit value (unicode) to
- UTF-16. From John Kearney <dethrophes@web.de>
- - u32cconv: call u32toutf16 if __STDC_ISO_10646__ defined and wchar_t
- is two bytes, send result to wcstombs, return if not encoding error.
- From John Kearney <dethrophes@web.de>
- - u32cconv: return UTF-8 conversion if iconv conversion to local
- charset is unsupported
-
- 3/2
- ---
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - print_filename: if there is no directory hook, but there is a stat
- hook, and we want to append a slash to directories, call the stat
- hook before calling path_isdir on the expanded directory name.
- Report and pointer to fix from Steve Rago <sar@nec-labs.com>
-
- 3/3
- ---
-builtins/evalstring.c
- - parse_and_execute: fix to change of 2/18: make sure the file
- descriptor being redirected to is 0 before calling cat_file when
- we see something like $(< file). Real fix for bug reported by
- Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
-subst.c
- - parameter_brace_patsub: run the replacement string through quote
- removal even if the expansion is within double quotes, because
- the parser and string extract functions treat the quotes and
- backslashes as special. If they're treated as special, quote
- removal should remove them (this is the Posix position and
- compatible with ksh93). THIS IS NOT BACKWARDS COMPATIBLE.
-
- 3/4
- ---
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - rl_menu_complete: fix to make show-all-if-ambiguous and
- menu-complete-display-prefix work together if both are set. Fix
- from Sami Pietila <sami.pietila@gmail.com>
-
- 3/5
- ---
-bashline.c
- - dircomplete_expand_relpath: new variable, if non-zero, means that
- `shopt -s direxpand' should expand relative pathnames. Zero by
- default, not user-settable yet
- - bash_directory_completion_hook: if we have a relative pathname that
- isn't changed by canonicalization or spell checking after being
- appended to $PWD, then don't change what the user typed. Controlled
- by dircomplete_expand_relpath
-
- 3/7
- ---
-m4/timespec.m4
- - new macros, cribbed from gnulib and coreutils: find out whether we
- have `struct timespec' and what file includes it
-
-m4/stat-time.m4
- - new macros, cribbed from gnulib and coreutils: find out whether the
- mtime/atime/ctime/etctime fields of struct stat are of type
- struct timespec, and what the name is
-
-include/stat-time.h
- - new file, cribbed from gnulib, with additions from coreutils: include
- the right file to get the struct timespec define, or provide our own
- replacement. Provides a bunch of inline functions to turn the
- appropriate members of struct stat into `struct timespec' values,
- zeroing out the tv_nsec field if necessary
-
-test.c
- - include "stat-time.h" for the nanosecond timestamp resolution stuff
- - stat_mtime: new function, returns struct stat and the mod time
- normalized into a `struct timespec' for the filename passed as the
- first argument
- - filecomp: call stat_mtime instead of sh_stat for each filename
- argument to get the mtime as a struct timespec
- - filecomp: call timespec_cmp instead of using a straight arithmetic
- comparison for the -nt and -ot operators, using timespec returned by
- stat_mtime. Added functionality requested by by Werner Fink
- <werner@suse.de> for systems that can support it
-
- 3/10
- ----
-include/posixdir.h
- - REAL_DIR_ENTRY: remove dependency on _POSIX_SOURCE, only use feature
- test macros to decide whether dirent.d_ino is present and usable;
- define D_INO_AVAILABLE. Report and fix from Fabrizion Gennari
- <fabrizio.ge@tiscali.it>
- - D_FILENO_AVAILABLE: define if we can use dirent.d_fileno
-
-lib/sh/getcwd.c
- - use D_FILENO_AVAILABLE to decide whether or not to compile in
- _path_checkino and whether or not to call it. Report and initial
- fix from Fabrizion Gennari <fabrizio.ge@tiscali.it>
-
-lib/readline/signals.c
- - make sure all occurrences of SIGWINCH are protected by #ifdef
-
-sig.c
- - make sure all occurrences of SIGCHLD are protected by #ifdef
-
-nojobs.c
- - make sure SA_RESTART is defined to 0 if the OS doesn't define it
-
-version.c
- - show_shell_version: don't use string literals in printf, use %s.
- Has added benefit of removing newline from string to be translated
-
-trap.c
- - queue_sigchld_trap: new function, increments the number of pending
- SIGCHLD signals by the argument, which is by convention the number
- of children reaped in a call to waitchld()
-
-trap.h
- - queue_sigchld_trap: new extern declaration
-
-jobs.c
- - waitchld: if called from the SIGCHLD signal handler (sigchld > 0),
- then call queue_sigchld_trap to avoid running the trap in a signal
- handler context. Report and original fix from Siddhesh Poyarekar
- <siddhesh@redhat.com>
-
-lib/sh/unicode.c
- - u32tocesc: take an unsigned 32-bit quantity and encode it using
- ISO C99 string notation (\u/\U)
- - u32cconv: call u32tocesc as a fallback instead of u32cchar
- - u32cconv: call u32tocesc if iconv cannot convert the character.
- Maybe do the same thing if iconv_open fails
- - u32reset: call iconv_close on localconv if u32init == 1
-
- 3/11
- ----
-config-top.h
- - CHECKWINSIZE_DEFAULT: new define, set to initial value of
- check_window_size (shopt checkwinsize): 0 for off, 1 for on.
- Default is 0
-
-{jobs,nojobs}.c
- - check_window_size: default initial value to CHECKWINSIZE_DEFAULT
-
- 3/13
- ----
-doc/bashref.texi
- - change text referring to the copying restrictions to that
- recommended by the FSF (no Front-Cover Texts and no Back-Cover
- Texts)
-
-lib/readline/doc/{history,rlman,rluserman}.texi
- - change text referring to the copying restrictions to that
- recommended by the FSF (no Front-Cover Texts and no Back-Cover
- Texts)
-
- 3/15
- ----
-array.c
- - LASTREF_START: new macro to set the starting position for an array
- traversal to `lastref' if that's valid, and to the start of the array
- if not. Used in array_reference, array_insert, array_remove
- - array_remove: try to be a little smarter with lastref instead of
- unconditionally invalidating it
-
- 3/16
- ----
-array.c
- - array_insert: fix memory leak by deleting element to be added in the
- case of an error
-
- 3/18
- ----
-lib/sh/mbschr.c
- - mbschr: don't call mbrlen unless is_basic is false; devolves to a
- straight character-by-character run through the string
-
- 3/19
- ----
-stringlib.c
- - substring: use memcpy instead of strncpy, since we know the length
- and are going to add our own NUL terminator
-
- 3/20
- ----
-subst.c
- - parameter_brace_expand_rhs: if expand_string_for_rhs returns a quoted
- null string (a list with one element for which
- QUOTED_NULL(list->word->word) returns true), return the quoted null
- and set the flags in the returned word to indicate it. Fixes bug
- reported by Mark Edgar <medgar123@gmail.com>
-
-lib/sh/tmpfile.c
- - use random(3) instead of get_random_number to avoid perturbing the
- random sequence you get using $RANDOM. Bug report and fix from
- Jurij Mihelic <jurij.mihelic@fri.uni-lj.si>
-
- 3/21
- ----
-config-top.h
- - OPTIMIZE_SEQUENTIAL_ARRAY_ASSIGNMENT: define to 1 to optimize
- sequential indexed array assignment patterns. Defined to 1 by
- default
-
-array.c
- - array_insert: if OPTIMIZE_SEQUENTIAL_ARRAY_ASSIGNMENT is defined,
- start the search at lastref (see change from 3/15)
-
- 3/27
- ----
-print_cmd.c
- - debug_print_word_list: new debugging function, prints a word list
- preceded by an optional string and using a caller-specified
- separator
-
- 4/1
- ---
-command.h
- - W_ASSNGLOBAL: new flag, set to indicate declare -g
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - fix_assignment_words: note that we have a -g argument to an assignment
- builtin and set the W_ASSNGLOBAL flag in the variable word
-
-subst.c
- - dump_word_flags: print out W_ASSNGLOBAL if present
- - do_assignment_internal: only set ASS_MKLOCAL if W_ASSIGNARG is set
- and W_ASSNGLOBAL is not. Don't want to create a local variable even
- if variable_context is non-zero if ASSNGLOBAL is set. Fixes bug
- reported by Bill Gradwohl <bill@ycc.com>
-
- 4/7
- ---
-lib/readline/readline.c
- - _rl_dispatch_subseq: make the `keyseq-timeout' variable apply to
- ESC processing when in vi mode. After hitting ESC, readline will
- wait up to _rl_keyseq_timeout*1000 microseconds (if set) for
- additional input before dispatching on the ESC and switching to
- command/movement mode. Completes timeout work suggested by
- <rogerx.oss@gmail.com>; this prompted by report from Barry Downes
- <barry.downes@gmail.com>
-
-lib/sh/shmbchar.c
- - sh_mbsnlen: new function, returns the number of (possibly multibyte)
- characters in a passed string with a passed length, examining at most
- maxlen (third argument) bytes
-
-externs.h
- - sh_mbsnlen: extern declaration for new function
-
-shell.c
- - exit_shell: call maybe_save_shell_history if remember_on_history is
- set, not just in interactive shells. That means the history is
- saved if history is enabled, regardless of whether or not the shell
- is interactive
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - TMOUT: fix description to make it explicit that TMOUT is the timeout
- period for a complete line of input, not just any input. Fixes
- problem reported in Ubuntu bug 957303:
- https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/bash/+bug/957303
- - HISTFILE: document change to write history list to history file in
- any shell with history enabled, not just interactive shells. This
- seems to be more logical behavior. Suggested by Greg Wooledge
- <wooledg@eeg.ccf.org>
-
- 4/12
- ----
-lib/readline/colors.h
- - only include stdbool.h if HAVE_STDBOOL_H is defined
- - if HAVE_STDBOOL_H is not defined, provide enough definition for the
- library to use `bool', `true', and `false'
-
-lib/readline/parse-colors.[ch]
- - don't try to include <stdbool.h> at all; rely on colors.h to do it
-
-lib/sh/snprintf.c
- - vsnprintf_internal: only treat '0' as a flag to indicate zero padding
- if `.' hasn't been encountered ((flags&PF_DOT) == 0); otherwise treat
- it as the first digit of a precision specifier. Fixes bug reported
- by Petr Sumbera <petr.sumbera@sun.com>
-
- 4/15
- ----
-lib/sh/snprintf.c
- - vsnprintf_internal: if the '0' and '-' flags both occur, the '0'
- flag is ignored -- Posix. Start of a series of fixes based on
- tests and patches from Petr Sumbera <petr.sumbera@sun.com>
- - PUT_PLUS: make sure PF_PLUS flag is specified before putting the `+'
- - vsnprintf_internal: when '+' is read as a flag, don't set right-
- justify flag if the LADJUST (`-') flag has already been supplied
- - floating: make sure to output space padding before the `+', zero
- padding after
- - exponent: make sure to output space padding before the `+', zero
- padding after
- - exponent: only subtract one from the width for the decimal point
- if we're really going to print one
- - floating: use presence of PF_PLUS flag to decide whether to account
- for the `+' in the padded field width. Ditto for exponent()
-
- 4/16
- ----
-lib/sh/snprintf.c
- - vsnprint_internal: only reduce precision by 1 when processing the `g'
- format if it's > 0. A precision of 0 should stay 0; otherwise it
- gets set to -1 (NOT_FOUND) and converted to the default
- - number, lnumber: if an explicit precision is supplied, turn off the
- zero-padding flag and set the pad character back to space
- - number, lnumber: only account for a `+' when performing the field
- width calculation if the coversion is base 10; we don't add a `+'
- for other bases
-
- 4/18
- ----
-tests/printf3.sub
- - try using "perl -e 'print time'" to get the current time in seconds
- since the epoch if "date +%s" is not available (solaris 8-10)
-
- 4/19
- ----
-tests/run-printf
- - use cat -v instead of relying on diff -a being available to convert
- control characters to ascii and avoid the dreaded "Binary files
- /tmp/xx and printf.right differ"
-
- 4/20
- ----
-lib/sh/strftime.c
- - incoporated new version from Aharon Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>
-
- 4/22
- ----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - slight change to the description of /dev/tcp and /dev/udp
-
-subst.c
- - match_wpattern: logic fix to the calculation of `simple' (was |=,
- needs to be &=). Bug report from Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>,
- fix from Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
-
-bashline.c
- - bash_filename_stat_hook: add code from bash_directory_completion_hook
- that performs pathname canonicalization in the same way that cd and
- other builtins will do
-
- 4/25
- ----
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_pipeline: change the call to move_to_high_fd to make it use
- getdtablesize() and to not stomp on existing open file descriptors,
- like the fd the shell is using to read a script. Bug report from
- Greg Wooledge <wooledg@eeg.ccf.org>
-
- 5/6
- ---
-subst.c
- - expand_word_internal: case '$': after calling param_expand and
- setting had_quoted_null, set TEMP to null. The code that builds the
- returned string at the end of the function will take care of making
- and returning a quoted null string if there's nothing else in
- ISTRING. If there is, the quoted null should just go away. Part of
- fix for bug reported by Ruediger Kuhlmann <RKuhlmann@orga-systems.com>
- - expand_word_internal: when processing ISTRING to build return value,
- only set W_HASQUOTEDNULL in the returned word flags if the word is
- a quoted null string AND had_quoted_null is set. Rest of fix
-
- 5/9
- ---
-variables.c
- - bind_variable_internal: if we get an array variable here (implicit
- assignment to index 0), call make_array_variable_value, which
- dummies up a fake SHELL_VAR * from array[0]. This matters when
- we're appending and have to use the current value
- - bind_variable_internal: after computing the new value, treat assoc
- variables with higher precedence than simple array variables; it
- might be that a variable has both attributes set
-
-arrayfunc.c
- - bind_array_var_internal: break code out that handles creating the
- new value to be assigned to an array variable index into a new
- function, make_array_variable_value. This handles creating a
- dummy SHELL_VAR * for implicit array[0] assignment. Fixes bug
- reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
-arrayfunc.h
- - make_array_variable_value: new extern declaration
-
- 5/19
- ----
-variables.c
- - bind_int_variable: if an assignment statement like x=y comes in
- from the expression evaluator, and x is an array, handle it like
- x[0]=y. Fixes bug reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
- 5/24
- ----
-
-braces.c
- - mkseq: handle possible overflow and break the sequence generating
- loop if it occurs. Fixes OpenSUSE bug 763591:
- https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=763591
-
- 5/25
- ----
-Makefile.in
- - LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD: add to compilation recipes for build tools
- buildversion, mksignames, mksyntax
- - LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD: add to compilation recipes for test tools
- recho, zecho, printenv, xcase
-
-builtins/Makefile.in
- - LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD: add to compilation recipes for build tools
- gen-helpfiles, psize.aux
-
-variables.c
- - bind_int_variable: if LHS is a simple variable name without an array
- reference, but resolves to an array variable, call
- bind_array_variable with index 0 to make x=1 equivalent to x[0]=1.
- Fixes bug reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
- 5/27
- ----
-subst.c
- - expand_word_internal: make sure has_dollar_at doesn't get reset before
- recursive calls to param_expand or expand_word_internal, since it has
- to save state of what came before. Use temp variable and make sure
- has_dollar_at is incremented if recursive call processes "$@".
- Fixes bug reported by gregrwm <backuppc-users@whitleymott.net> and
- supplemented by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - changes to the description of substring expansion inspired by
- suggestions from Bill Gradwohl <bill@ycc.com>
-
-doc/bashref.texi
- - added substring expansion examples inspired by suggestions from
- Bill Gradwohl <bill@ycc.com>
-
-variables.c
- - find_shell_variable: search for a variable in the list of shell
- contexts, ignore the temporary environment
- - find_variable_tempenv: search for a variable in the list of shell
- contexts, force search of the temporary environment
- - find_variable_notempenv: search for a variable in the list of shell
- contexts, don't force search of the temporary environment
-
-variables.h
- - find_shell_variable: extern declaration
- - find_variable_tempenv: extern declaration
- - find_variable_notempenv: extern declaration
-
-arrayfunc.c
- - bind_array_variable: call find_shell_variable instead of calling
- var_lookup directly
-
-findcmd.c
- - search_for_command: call find_variable_tempenv instead of
- find_variable_internal directly
- - _find_user_command_internal: call find_variable_tempenv instead of
- find_variable_internal directly
-
-builtins/setattr.def
- - set_var_attribute: call find_variable_notempenv instead of
- find_variable_internal directly
- - show_name_attributes: call find_variable_tempenv instead of
- find_variable_internal directly
-
- 6/1
- ---
-sig.c
- - termsig_handler: don't try to save the shell history on a terminating
- signal any more, since it just causes too many problems on Linux
- systems using glibc and glibc malloc
-
-lib/readline/vi_mode.c
- - rl_vi_change_to: change to correctly redo `cc', since `c' is not a vi
- motion character. From Red Hat bug 813289
- - rl_vi_delete_to: change to correctly redo `dd', since `d' is not a vi
- motion character
- - rl_vi_yank_to: change to correctly redo `yy', since `y' is not a vi
- motion character
-
- 6/4
- ---
-lib/sh/mktime.c
- - current versions of VMS do not need to include <stddef.h>. Fix from
- John E. Malmberg <wb8tyw@qsl.net>
-
- 6/5
- ---
-lib/sh/eaccess.c
- - sh_stat: instead of using a static buffer to do the DEV_FD_PREFIX
- translation, use a dynamically-allocated buffer that we keep
- resizing. Fixes potential security hole reported by David Leverton
- <levertond@googlemail.com>
-
- 6/5
- ---
-braces.c
- - expand_seqterm: check errno == ERANGE after calling strtoimax for
- rhs and incr. Part of a set of fixes from Scott McMillan
- <scotty.mcmillan@gmail.com>
- - expand_seqterm: incr now of type `intmax_t', which changes
- arguments to mkseq
- - mkseq: a better fix for detecting overflow and underflow since it's
- undefined in C and compilers `optimize' out overflow checks. Uses
- ADDOVERFLOW and SUBOVERFLOW macros
- - mkseq: use sh_imaxabs (new macro) instead of abs() for intmax_t
- variables
- - mkseq: don't allow incr to be converted to -INTMAX_MIN
- - mkseq: make sure that strvec_create isn't called with a size argument
- greater than INT_MAX, since it only takes an int
-
- 6/6
- ---
-braces.c
- - mkseq: try and be smarter about not overallocating elements in
- the return array if the increment is not 1 or -1
-
- 6/7
- ---
-parse.y
- - history_delimiting_chars: if the parser says we're in the middle of
- a compound assignment (PST_COMPASSIGN), just return a space to avoid
- adding a stray semicolon to the history entry. Fixes bug reported
- by "Davide Brini" <dave_br@gmx.com>
-
- 6/8
- ---
-bashline.c
- - bash_directory_completion_hook: don't attempt spelling correction
- on the directory name unless the direxpand option is set and we are
- going to replace the directory name with the corrected one in the
- readline line. Suggested by Linda Walsh <bash@tlinx.org>
-
-lib/sh/shquote.c
- - sh_backslash_quote: now takes a third argument: flags. If non-zero,
- tildes are not backslash-escaped. Have to handle both printf %q,
- where they should be escaped, and filename completion, where they
- should not when used as usernames
-
-externs.h
- - sh_backslash_quote: declaration now takes a third argument
-
-builtins/printf.def
- - printf_builtin: call sh_backslash_quote with 1 as third argument
- so tildes get escaped
-
-{bashline,bracecomp}.c
- - call sh_backslash_quote with 0 as third argument so tildes are not
- escaped in completed words
-
-doc/bash.1
- - add `coproc' to the list of reserved words. From a report by
- Jens Schweikhardt <schweikh@schweikhardt.net>
-
- 6/10
- ----
-execute_cmd.c
- - line_number_for_err_trap: now global, so parse_and_execute can save
- and restore it with unwind-protect
-
-builtins/evalstring.c
- - parse_prologue: save and restore line_number_for_err_trap along
- with line_number
- - restore_lastcom: new function, unwind-protect to restore
- the_printed_command_except_trap
- - parse_prologue: use restore_lastcom to save and restore the value
- of the_printed_command_except_trap around calls to parse_and_execute
- (eval/source/.)
-
- 6/15
- ----
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - complete_fncmp: change filename comparison code to understand
- multibyte characters, even when doing case-sensitive or case-mapping
- comparisons. Fixes problem reported by Nikolay Shirokovskiy
- <nshyrokovskiy@gmail.com>
-
- 6/20
- ----
-builtins/mapfile.def
- - mapfile: move the line count increment and check for having read
- the specified number of lines to the end of the loop to avoid
- reading an additional line with zgetline. Fixes bug reported by
- Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
- 6/21
- ----
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_pipeline: make sure `lastpipe_flag' is initialized to 0 on
- all systems, since it's tested later in the function. Fixes bug
- reported by John E. Malmberg <wb8tyw@qsl.net>
-
- 6/22
- ----
-mailcheck.c
- - file_mod_date_changed: return 0 right away if mailstat() does not
- return success. Fixes bug with using uninitialized values reported
- by szymon.kalasz@uj.edu.pl
-
-builtins/set.def
- - the `monitor' option is not available when the shell is compiled
- without job control, since the underlying `m' flag is not available
-
-nojobs.c
- - job_control: now declared as int variable, initialized to 0, never
- modified
-
-jobs.h
- - job_control: extern declaration no longer dependent on JOB_CONTROL
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_pipeline: made necessary changes so `lastpipe' shell option
- is now available in all shells, even those compiled without
- JOB_CONTROL defined
-
- 6/23
- ----
-lib/glob/glob.c
- - glob_filename: check for interrupts before returning if glob_vector
- returns NULL or an error. Bug reported by Serge van den Boom
- <svdb@stack.nl>, fix from Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
- - call run_pending_traps after each call to QUIT or test of
- interrupt_state, like we do in mainline shell code
- - glob_vector: don't call QUIT; in `if (lose)' code block; just free
- memory, return NULL, and let callers deal with interrupt_state or
- other signals and traps
-
- 6/25
- ----
-lib/readline/input.c
- - rl_read_key: restructure the loop that calls the event hook a little,
- so that the hook is called only after rl_gather_tyi returns no input,
- and any pending input is returned first. This results in better
- efficiency for processing pending input without calling the hook
- on every input character as bash-4.1 did. From a report from
- Max Horn <max@quendi.de>
-
- 6/26
- ----
-trap.c
- - signal_is_pending: return TRUE if SIG argument has been received and
- a trap is waiting to execute
-
-trap.h
- - signal_is_pending: extern declaration
-
-lib/glob/glob.c
- - glob_vector: check for pending SIGINT trap each time through the loop,
- just like we check for interrupt_state or terminating_signal, and
- set `lose = 1' so we clean up after ourselves and interrupt the
- operation before running the trap. This may require a change later,
- maybe call run_pending_traps and do that if run_pending_traps returns?
-
-variables.c
- - sv_histtimefmt: set history_comment_character to default (`#') if
- it's 0 when we're turning on history timestamps. The history code
- uses the history comment character to prefix timestamps, and
- leaving it at 0 effectively removes them from the history. From a
- report to help-bash by Dennis Williamson <dennistwilliamson@gmail.com>
-
- 6/27
- ----
-lib/readline/signals.c
- - rl_maybe_restore_sighandler: new function, sets handler for SIG to
- HANDLER->sa_handler only if it's not SIG_IGN. Needs to be called
- on same signals set using rl_maybe_set_sighandler, which does not
- override an existing SIG_IGN handler (SIGALRM is ok since it does
- the check inline; doesn't mess with SIGWINCH)
-
- 6/30
- ----
-variables.h
- - additional defines for the new `nameref' variable attribute
- (att_nameref): nameref_p, nameref_cell, var_setref
-
-variables.c
- - find_variable_nameref: resolve SHELL_VAR V through chain of namerefs
- - find_variable_last_nameref: resolve variable NAME until last in a
- chain of possibly more than one nameref starting at shell_variables
- - find_global_variable_last_nameref: resolve variable NAME until last
- in a chain of possibly more than one nameref starting at
- global_variables
- - find_nameref_at_context: resolve SHELL_VAR V through chain of namerefs
- in a specific variable context (usually a local variable hash table)
- - find_variable_nameref_context: resolve SHELL_VAR V through chain of
- namerefs following a chain of varible contexts
- - find_variable_last_nameref_context: resolve SHELL_VAR V as in
- find_variable_last_context, but return the final nameref instead of
- what the final nameref resolves to
- - find_variable_tempenv, find_variable_notempenv, find_global_variable,
- find_shell_variable, find_variable: modified to follow namerefs
- - find_global_variable_noref: look up a global variable without following
- any namerefs
- - find_variable_noref: look up a shell variable without following any
- namerefs
- - bind_variable_internal: modify to follow a chain of namerefs in the
- global variables table; change to handle assignments to a nameref by
- following nameref chain
- - bind_variable: modify to follow chain of namerefs when binding to a
- local variable
- - unbind_variable: changes to unset nameref variables (unsets both
- nameref and variable it resolves to)
-
-subst.c
- - parameter_brace_expand_word: change to handle expanding nameref whose
- value is x[n]
- - parameter_brace_expand_indir: change to expand in ksh93-compatible
- way if variable to be indirected is nameref and a simple (non-array)
- expansion
- - param_expand: change to expand $foo where foo is a nameref whose value
- is x[n]
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_for_command: changes to implement ksh93 semantics when index
- variable is a nameref
-
-builtins/setattr.def
- - show_var_attributes: change to add `n' to flags list if att_nameref
- is set
-
-builtins/set.def
- - unset_builtin: changes to error messages to follow nameref variables
-
-builtins/declare.def
- - document new -n option
- - declare_internal: new `-n' and `+n' options
- - declare_internal: handle declare -n var[=value] and
- declare +n var[=value] for existing and non-existant variables.
- Enforce restriction that nameref variables cannot be arrays.
- Implement semi-peculiar ksh93 semantics for typeset +n ref=value
-
- 7/5
- ---
-variables.c
- - unbind_variable: unset whatever a nameref resolves to, leaving the
- nameref variable itself alone
- - unbind_nameref: new function, unsets a nameref variable, not the
- variable it references
-
-variables.h
- - unbind_nameref: extern declaration
-
-builtins/set.def
- - unset_builtin: modify to add -n option, which calls unbind_nameref
- leaving unbind_variable for the usual case. This required slight
- changes and additions to the test suite
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - document namerefs and typeset/declare/local/unset -n
-
- 7/13
- ----
-lib/sh/casemod.c
- - include shmbchar.h for is_basic and supporting pieces
- - sh_casemod: use _to_wupper and _to_wlower to convert wide character
- case instead of TOUPPER and TOLOWER. Fixes bug reported by
- Dennis Williamson <dennistwilliamson@gmail.com>, fix from
- Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
- - cval: short-circuit and return ascii value if is_basic tests true
- - sh_casemod: short-circuit and use non-multibyte case modification
- and toggling code if is_basic tests true
-
-lib/readline/signals.c
- - _rl_{block,release}_sigint: remove the code that actually blocks and
- releases the signals, since we defer signal handling until calls to
- RL_CHECK_SIGNALS()
-
-lib/readline/{callback,readline,util}.c
- - if HAVE_POSIX_SIGSETJMP is defined, use sigsetjmp/siglongjmp without
- saving and restoring the signal mask instead of setjmp/longjmp
-
-lib/readline/rltty.c
- - prepare_terminal_settings: don't mess with IXOFF setting if
- USE_XON_XOFF defined
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - add some text to the description of set -e clarifying its effect
- on shell functions and shell function execution. Suggested by
- Rainer Blome <rainer.blome@gmx.de>
-
-bashline.c
- - edit_and_execute_command: increment current_command_line_count before
- adding partial line to command history (for command-oriented-history
- because of rl_newline at beginning of function), then reset it to 0
- before adding the dummy history entry to make sure the dummy entry
- doesn't get added to previous incomplete command. Partial fix for
- problem reported by Peng Yu <pengyu.ut@gmail.com>
-
- 7/24
- ----
-configure.in
- - interix: define RECYCLES_PIDS. Based on a report from Michael
- Haubenwallner <michael.haubenwallner@salomon.at>
-
- 7/26
- ----
-jobs.c
- - make_child: call bgp_delete on the newly-created pid unconditionally.
- Some systems reuse pids before cycling through an entire set of
- CHILD_MAX/_SC_CHILD_MAX unique pids. This is no longer dependent
- on RECYCLES_PIDS. Based on a report from Michael Haubenwallner
- <michael.haubenwallner@salomon.at>
-
-support/shobj-conf
- - Mac OS X: drop MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.3 from the LDFLAGS. We
- can finally kill Panther
-
- 7/28
- ----
-subst.c
- - command_substitute: make sure last_made_pid gets reset if make_child
- fails
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_command_internal: case cm_simple: decide whether or not to
- wait_for a child if already_making_children is non-zero, indicates
- that there is an unwaited-for child. More of fix for bug report
- from Michael Haubenwallner <michael.haubenwallner@salomon.at>
-
-jobs.c
- - make_child: call delete_old_job (new_pid) unconditionally, don't
- bother to check whether or not pid wrap occurred. Rest of fix for
- bug report from Michael Haubenwallner
- <michael.haubenwallner@salomon.at>
-
- 7/29
- ----
-shell.c
- - subshell_exit: new function, exits the shell (via call to sh_exit())
- after calling any defined exit trap
-
-externs.h
- - subshell_exit: new extern declaration
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_command_internal: make sure to call subshell_exit for
- {} group commands executed asynchronously (&). Part of fix for
- EXIT trap bug reported by Maarten Billemont <lhunath@lyndir.com>
-
-sig.c
- - reset_terminating_signals: make sure to set termsigs_initialized back
- to 0, so a subsequent call to initialize_terminating_signals works
- right. Rest of fix for bug reported by Maarten Billemont
- <lhunath@lyndir.com>
-
-{execute_cmd,general,jobs,mailcheck,mksyntax,test}.c
-builtins/{cd,fc,pushd,ulimit}.def
-lib/malloc/getpagesize.h
-lib/sh/{clktck,fpurge,inet_aton,mailstat,oslib,pathcanon,pathphys,spell,strerror}.c
- - make inclusion of <sys/param.h> dependent on HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H
- consistently
-
- 8/6
- ---
-lib/readline/histexpand.c
- - history_expand_internal: now takes an additional argument saying
- whether the history expansion occurs within a quoted string, set to
- the open quote character
- - history_expand_internal: use new argument instead of checking prev
- char and initializing quoted_search_delimiter, pass qc directly to
- get_history_event, where it allows a matching quote to terminate a
- string defining an event
- - history_expand: change single-quote handling code so that if
- history_quotes_inhibit_expansion is 0, single quotes are treated
- like double quotes
- - history_expand: change call to history_expand_internal to pass new
- argument of `"' if double-quoted string, `'' if single-quoted string;
- this lets history_expand decide what is a quoted string and what
- is not
-
- 8/7
- ---
-configure.in
- - AC_CANONICAL_BUILD: invoke for later use
-
-lib/readline/macro.c
- - _rl_prev_macro_key: new function, inverse of _rl_next_macro_key:
- backs up the index into the current macro by 1
-
-lib/readline/rlprivate.h
- - _rl_prev_macro_key: extern declaration
-
-
-lib/readline/readline.c
- - _rl_dispatch_subseq, _rl_subseq_result: don't call _rl_unget_char
- if we're currently reading from a macro; call _rl_prev_macro_key
- instead. Fixes bug reported by Clark Wang <clark.wang@oracle.com>
-
- 8/13
- ----
-builtins/evalstring.c
- - evalstring(): new function, wrapper around parse_and_execute.
- make sure we handle cases where parse_and_execute can call `return'
- and short-circuit without cleaning up properly. We call
- parse_and_execute_cleanup() then jump to the previous-saved return
- location
-
-builtins/common.h
- - extern declaration for evalstring()
-
-builtins/eval.def
- - eval_builtin: make sure we handle `eval " ... return"' in contexts
- where `return' is valid by calling evalstring(). Fixes bug with
- `eval return' in sourced files reported by Clark Wang
- <dearvoid@gmail.com>
-
-trap.c
- - run_pending_traps: call evalstring instead of parse_and_execute.
- XXX - still needs to handle saving and restoring token state in the
- presence of `return'; could use unwind_protects for that
-
-builtins/mapfile.def
- - run_callback: call evalstring instead of parse_and_execute
-
- 8/15
- ----
-bashline.c
- - bash_filename_stat_hook: make sure we don't free local_dirname
- before using it to canonicalize any expanded filename. Make sure
- it always points to *dirname and only free it if we're replacing
- it.
-
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - append_to_match: make sure we call rl_filename_stat_hook with
- newly-allocated memory to avoid problems with freeing it twice
-
- 8/17
- ----
-variables.c,config-top.h
- - if ARRAY_EXPORT is defined to 1 when variables.c is compiled, the
- code that allows indexed arrays to be exported is enabled and
- included
-
- 8/19
- ----
-shell.c
- - call start_debugger from main() only if dollar_vars[1] != 0 (close
- enough to a non-interactive shell, since we can be interactive with
- -i while running a shell script). Fixes oddity reported by
- Techlive Zheng <techlivezheng@gmail.com>
-
- 8/20
- ----
-arrayfunc.c
- - quote_array_assignment_chars: don't bother quoting if the word has
- not been marked as an assignment (W_ASSIGNMENT)
- - quote_array_assignment_chars: turn on W_NOGLOB in the word flags
- so assignment statements don't undergo globbing. Partial fix for
- problems reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
- 8/21
- ----
-command.h
- - W_NOBRACE: new word flag that means to inhibit brace expansion
-
-subst.c
- - brace_expand_word_list: suppress brace expansion for words with
- W_NOBRACE flag
-
- 8/22
- ----
-builtins/read.def
- - read_builtin: don't call dequote_string on what we've read, even if
- we saw an escape character, unless (input_string && *input_string).
- We may have escaped an IFS whitespace character. Fixes seg fault
- reported by <armandsl@gmail.com>
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_command_internal: set the_printed_command_except trap when
- about to execute a ( ... ) user subshell. For now, set it only if
- ERR is trapped; can relax that later. Fixes bug reported by
- Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
-
- 8/23
- ----
-jobs.c
- - remove references to first_pid and pid_wrap, since we're not using
- them for anything anymore
-
- 8/24
- ----
-subst.c
- - changes for W_NOBRACE everywhere appropriate: so it can be displayed
- for debugging, and passed out of expand_word_internal
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - small changes to make it clearer that the = and == operators are
- equivalent, and will cause pattern matching when used with [[.
- From a question from Michal Soltys <soltys@ziu.info>
-
-doc/bashref.texi
- - some small formatting changes from Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>
-
- 8/27
- ----
-lib/readline/doc/{history,rlman,rluserman}.texi
- - some small formatting changes from Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>
-
-arrayfunc.c
- - assign_array_element_internal, assign_compound_array_list,
- unbind_array_element, array_value_internal: changes to make
- assignment statements to negative indices (a[-1]=2) and unsetting
- array elements using negative indices (unset 'a[-1]') work.
- From suggestions by Dennis Williamson <dennistwilliamson@gmail.com>
- and Chris F. A. Johnson <chris@cfajohnson.com>
-
-subst.c
- - array_length_reference: changes to make length references to array
- elements using negative indices (${#a[-1]}) work
-
- 8/28
- ----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - document new treatment of negative indices to indexed arrays when
- assigning, referencing, calculating length, and unsetting
-
- 8/29
- ----
-shell.c
- - show_shell_usage: add -l to list of shell invocation options (short
- for --login). From Red Hat bug 852469
-
-configure.ac
- - renamed from configure.in, as latest autoconf versions want. Patches
- Stefano Lattarini <stefano.lattarini@gmail.com>
-
-MANIFEST,Makefile.in,doc/bashref.texi,support/mkconffiles
- - configure.in -> configure.ac
-
- 9/1
- ---
-
-parse.y
- - read_token_word: allow words like {array[ind]} to be valid redirection
- words for constructs like {x}<file
-
-redir.c
- - redir_varassign: bind_var_to_int already handles array assignments,
- so don't need to do anything more for things like {a[i]}<file
- - redir_varvalue: changes to allow references to {a[i]} when
- performing redirections using valid_array_reference and
- get_array_value. Adds functionality requested most recently by
- <unknown@vmw-les.eng.vmware.com>
-
-lib/readline/display.c
- - update_line: if the first difference between the old and new lines
- is completely before any invisible characters in the prompt, we
- should not adjust _rl_last_c_pos, since it's before any invisible
- characters. Fixed in two places
- - prompt_modechar: return a character indicating the editing mode:
- emacs (@), vi command (:), or vi insert (+)
- - _rl_reset_prompt: new function, just calls rl_expand_prompt. Will be
- inlined, placeholder for more changes
- - expand_prompt: if show-mode-in-prompt is enabled, add a character to
- the front of the prompt indicating the editing mode, adjusting the
- various variables as appropriate to keep track of the number of
- visible characters and number of screen positions
-
-lib/readline/bind.c
- - show-mode-in-prompt: new bindable boolean variable, shadowed by
- _rl_show_mode_in_prompt variable
- - hack_special_boolean_var: call _rl_reset_prompt when toggling or
- setting show-mode-in-prompt
-
-lib/readline/readline.c
- - readline_internal_setup: make sure the correct vi mode keymap is set
- before expanding the prompt string for the first time
-
-lib/readline/misc.c
- - rl_emacs_editing_mode: make sure to call _rl_reset_prompt if we're
- showing the editing mode in the prompt
-
-lib/readline/rlprivate.h
- - _rl_reset_prompt, _rl_show_mode_in_prompt: extern declarations
-
-lib/readline/vi_mode.c
- - rl_vi_insertion_mode: call _rl_reset_prompt
- - rl_vi_movement_mode: call _rl_reset_prompt. Finishes changes for
- showing mode in prompt string, originally requested by Miroslav
- Koskar <mkoskar@gmail.com> and most recently by Jordan Michael
- Ziegler <jziegler@bnl.gov>
-
-doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/{readline.3,rluser.texi}
- - document new show-mode-in-prompt variable, off by default
-
- 9/3
- ---
-
-jobs.c
- - set_childmax: new function, external mechanism for other parts of
- the shell to set js.c_childmax, the number of saved exited child
- statuses to remember
-jobs.h
- - set_childmax: extern declaration
-
-variables.c
- - CHILD_MAX: new special variable, with sv_childmax function to
- run when it changes. Setting CHILD_MAX to a value greater than
- zero but less than some maximum (currently 8192) sets the number of
- exited child statuses to remember. set_childmax (jobs.c) ensures
- that the number does not drop below the posix-mandated minimum
- (CHILD_MAX)
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - CHILD_MAX: document new meaning and action when variable is set
-
- 9/5
- ---
-redir.c
- - redir_varassign: call stupidly_hack_special_variables after
- assigning fd number to specified variable, so we can use constructs
- like {BASH_XTRACEFD}>foo. Suggested by Pierre Gaston
- <pierre.gaston@gmail.com>
-
- 9/8
- ---
-expr.c
- - readtok: invalidate previous contents of `curlval' before freeing
- and reallocating tokstr (which, chances are, will get the same
- pointer as before and render curlval inconsistent). Fixes other
- bug reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
- 9/9
- ---
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - rl_username_completion_function: protect call to setpwent() with
- #ifdef (HAVE_GETPWENT)/#endif. Fixes bug reported by
- Gerd Hofmann <gerd.hofmann.nbg@googlemail.com>
-
-lib/readline/display.c
- - rl_message: second and subsequent calls to rl_message can result in
- local_prompt being overwritten with new values (e.g., from the
- successive calls displaying the incremental search string). Need
- to free before overwriting if it's not the same as the value saved
- in saved_local_prompt. Fixes memory leak reported by
- Wouter Vermaelen <vermaelen.wouter@gmail.com>
-
-lib/readline/{terminal.c,rlprivate.h}
- - move CUSTOM_REDISPLAY_FUNC and CUSTOM_INPUT_FUNC defines from
- terminal.c to rlprivate.h so other files can use them
-
-expr.c
- - expr_streval: if noeval is non-zero, just return 0 right away,
- short-circuiting evaluation completely. readtok will leave curtok
- set correctly without re-entering the evaluator at all. Rest of
- fix for bug reported by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
- 9/11
- ----
-
-parse.y
- - parse_comsub: make sure the `reserved word ok in this context' flag
- is preserved after we read `do' followed by whitespace. Fixes bug
- reported by Benoit Vaugon <benoit.vaugon@gmail.com>
-
- 9/13
- ----
-configure.ac,config.h.in
- - enable-direxpand-default: new configure option, turns the `direxpand'
- shell option on by default
-
-bashline.c
- - dircomplete_expand, dircomplete_expand_relpath: initialize to 1 if
- DIRCOMPLETE_EXPAND_DEFAULT is defined and non-zero
-
-doc/bashref.texi
- - enable-direxpand-default: document new configure option
-
- 9/14
- ----
-shell.c
- - --protected: make option valid only when wordexp is compiled into
- the shell. Fix from Roman Rakus <rrakus@redhat.com>
-
-configure.ac
- - HP NonStop (*-nsk*): compile --without-bash-malloc. Change from
- Joachim Schmitz <jojo@schmitz-digital.de>
-
- 9/16
- ----
-subst.c,execute_cmd.c,lib/glob/sm_loop.c,lib/sh/shquote.c
- - minor code cleanups from Joachim Schmitz <jojo@schmitz-digital.de>
-
-lib/readline/colors.h
- - workaround for HP NonStop compiler issue with <stdbool.h> from
- Joachim Schmitz <jojo@schmitz-digital.de>
-
- 9/17
- ----
-builtins/printf.def
- - printf_builtin: handle localtime returning NULL, as can happen when
- encountering overflow. Bug report and initial fix from
- Eduardo A. Bustamante López <dualbus@gmail.com>
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - emphasize that brace expansion using character ranges ({a..c}) acts
- as if the C locale were in use. Prompted by message from
- Marcel Giannelia <info@skeena.net>
-
- 9/20
- ----
-lib/sh/wcsnwidth.c
- - wcsnwidth: new function, variant of wcwidth, returns the number of
- wide characters from a string that will be displayed to not exceed
- a specified max column position
-
- 9/21
- ----
-builtins/help.def
- - show_builtin_command_help: break code that displays the short-doc
- for each builtin in two columns into a new function: dispcolumn
- - wdispcolumn: multibyte-char version of dispcolumn; uses wide
- chars and printf "%ls" format. Fixes problem reported by
- Nguyá»n Thái Ngá»c Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
-
- 9/22
- ----
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_disk_command: before running the command-not-found hook,
- call kill_current_pipeline() to make sure we don't add processes
- to an existing pipeline or wait for processes erroneously
-
- 9/23
- ----
-lib/readline/input.c
- - rl_input_available_hook: new hook function, called from
- _rl_input_available (or _rl_input_queued) to return whether or not
- input is available wherever the input source is
-
-lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
- - rl_input_available_hook: document
-
- 9/27
- ----
-lib/glob/sm_loop.c:
- - GMATCH: after one or more `*', an instance of ?(x) can match zero or
- 1 times (unlike ?, which has to match one character). The old code
- failed if it didn't match at least once. Fixes `a*?(x)' bug.
- - GMATCH: if we hit the end of the search string, but not the end of
- the pattern, and the rest of the pattern is something that can
- match the NUL at the end of the search string, we should successfully
- match. Fixes `a*!(x)' bug reported by <hans1worst@gmail.com>
-
- 10/2
- ----
-command.h
- - add c_lock member to coproc structure for future use to tell who is
- manipulating it
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_coproc: block SIGCHLD while parent is forking coproc
- process and adding pid to sh_coproc struct to avoid race condition
- where child is reaped before the pid is assigned and the coproc is
- never marked as having died. Fixes race condition identified by
- Davide Baldini <baldiniebaldini@gmail.com>
- - add assignments to c_lock member of struct coproc in various
- functions that manipulate it; was used to identify race condition
- - coproc_pidchk: don't call coproc_dispose to avoid using malloc and
- other functions in a signal handler context
- - coproc_dispose: call BLOCK_SIGNAL/UNBLOCK_SIGNAL for SIGCHLD while
- manipulating the sh_coproc struct
-
- 10/6
- ----
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - rl_display_match_list: if printing completions horizontally, don't
- bother with spacing calculations if limit == 1, which means we are
- printing one completion per line no matter what. Fixes bug
- reported by David Kaasen <kaasen@nvg.ntnu.no>
-
- 10/7
- ----
-builtins/declare.def
- - declare_internal: add error checking for nameref attribute and
- variable assignments: self-references, attempts to make an array
- variable a nameref
-
-subst.c
- - parameter_brace_expand: handle parameter_brace_expand_word returning
- &expand_param_fatal or &expand_param_error and return the appropriate
- error value
- - parameter_brace_expand_word: if a nameref variable's value is not a
- valid identifier, return an error
- - param_expand: if a nameref variable's value is not a valid identifier,
- return an error
-
-test.c
- - unary_operator: add new -R variable, returns true if variable is set
- and has the nameref attribute. From ksh93
-
-builtins/test.def
- - add -R to description of conditional commands for help test
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - document new -R unary conditional operator
-
- 10/13
- -----
-trap.c
- - check_signals_and_traps: new function, convenience function for the
- rest of the shell to check for pending terminating and interrupt
- signals, and to check for and process any pending traps
- - any_signals_trapped: new function, returns non-zero if any signals
- are trapped and -1 if not
-
-trap.h
- - extern declaration for check_signals_and_traps
-
-bashline.c
- - bashline_reset: make sure we reset the event hook
- - bash_event_hook: call check_signals_and_traps instead of just
- checking for terminating signals so we can run pending traps and
- react to interrupts, and reset the event hook when we're done
-
-
- 10/14
- -----
-trap.c
- - trap_handler: if executing in a readline signal handler context,
- call bashline_set_event_hook to install bash_event_hook to process
- the signal (if bash cares about it)
-
-sig.c
- - sigint_sighandler: call bashline_set_event_hook to set the event
- hook if we're executing in a readline signal handler context
-
-lib/readline/input.c
- - rl_getc: call RL_CHECK_SIGNALS if read returns -1/EINTR and the caught
- signal is SIGINT or SIGQUIT rather than waiting until the next time
- around the loop
- - rl_getc: call rl_event_hook after calling RL_CHECK_SIGNALS to allow
- an application signal handler to set the event hook in its own
- signal handler (e.g., like bash trap_handler or sigint_sighandler)
-
-
-parse.y
- - yy_readline_get: don't set interrupt_immediately before we call
- readline(). Inspired by report from lanshun zhou
- <zls.sogou@gmail.com>
-
-input.c
- - getc_with_restart: add call to run_pending_traps after call to
- CHECK_TERMSIG
-
-lib/sh/zread.c
- - zread: call check_signals_and_traps if read() returns -1/EINTR
- instead of just ignoring the EINTR and deferring handling any
- signal that generated it
-
-builtins/mapfile.def
- - mapfile: don't set interrupt_immediately before calling zgetline()
- (which uses zread internally)
-
-builtins/read.def
- - read_builtin: don't set interrupt_immediately before calling zread
- (moved code around so that it was only being set right around calls
- to zread to avoid signal handler conflicts). Inspired by report
- from lanshun zhou <zls.sogou@gmail.com>
- - edit_line: don't set interrupt_immediately around call to readline()
- - include shmbutil.h
- - read_builtin: don't call read_mbchar unless is_basic(c) returns
- false for the character we just read
-
- 10/15
- -----
-sig.c
- - throw_to_top_level: if interrupt_state is non-zero, make sure that
- last_command_exit_value reflects 128+SIGINT if it's not already
- greater than 128
-
- 10/20
- -----
-builtins/wait.def
- - WAIT_RETURN: set wait_signal_received back to 0 for the potential
- next call to wait
-
-quit.h
- - CHECK_WAIT_INTR: macro to check whether trap_handler handled a
- signal and set wait_signal_received; longjmp to wait_intr_buf in
- that case
-
-jobs.c
- - wait_for, waitchld: call CHECK_WAIT_INTR at the same places we call
- CHECK_TERMSIG to check for terminating signals
- - wait_sigint_handler: don't longjmp out of the wait builtin unless
- interrupt_immediately is set; otherwise just SIGRETURN from the
- handler
- - wait_sigint_handler: if interrupt_immediately not set, but we are
- executing in the wait builtin and SIGINT is not trapped, treat it
- as a `normally received' SIGINT: restore the signal handler and
- send SIGINT to ourselves
- - waitchld: when in posix mode and running SIGCHLD traps, don't longjmp
- to wait_intr_buf (and let wait be interrupted) if we're running from
- a signal handler. Wait for CHECK_WAIT_INTR to do the longjmp.
- run_pending_traps will run the SIGCHLD trap later
-
-nojobs.c
- - reap_zombie_children, wait_for_single_pid, wait_for: call
- CHECK_WAIT_INTR where we call CHECK_TERMSIG
- - wait_sigint_handler: don't longjmp out of the wait builtin unless
- interrupt_immediately is set; otherwise just SIGRETURN from the
- handler
-
-trap.c
- - trap_handler: make sure wait_signal_received is set if the wait
- builtin is executing, and only longjmp if interrupt_immediately is
- set. This whole set of fixes was prompted by report from
- lanshun zhou <zls.sogou@gmail.com>
-
- 10/24
- -----
-lib/glob/glob.c
- - glob_filename: only check directory_name for globbing chars if
- it's of non-zero length
-
-lib/sh/strchrnul.c
- - new simpler implementation
-
-subst.c
- - command_substitute: call set_shellopts after turning off errexit
- in subshells so it's reflected in $SHELLOPTS
-
- 11/7
- ----
-builtins/evalstring.c
- - parse_and_execute: treat ERREXIT case like reader_loop does: set
- variable_context to 0 before longjmping back to top_level. Don't
- run the unwind-protect context to avoid side effects from popping
- function contexts. Part of fix for problem reported by Nikolai
- Kondrashov <nikolai.kondrashov@redhat.com>
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_simple_command: call unlink_fifo_list only if this is the
- last element of a pipeline (or not in a pipeline), rather than for
- every child. Fixes difference in behavior between /dev/fd and
- FIFOs reported by Zev Weiss <zev@bewilderbeest.net>
- - execute_null_command: do the same thing in the parent branch after
- make_child
-
- 11/14
- -----
-subst.c
- - parameter_brace_expand: a variable is null if it's special ($@, $*),
- the expansion occurs within double quotes, and the expansion turns
- into a quoted null. Fixes debian bug 692447 reported by
- Matrosov Dmitriy <sgf.dma@gmail.com>
-
-jobs.c
- - run_sigchld_trap: make sure `running_trap' sentinel is set
- appropriately
- - waitchld: only run the sigchld trap if we're not in a signal
- handler, not running a trap, and executing the wait builtin.
- Otherwise, queue for later handling. We still run one instance
- of the trap handler per exited child. Bulk of fix for bug
- reported by Elliott Forney <idfah@cs.colostate.edu>
-
-trap.c
- - queue_sigchld_trap: set catch_flag so run_pending_traps notices,
- and set trapped_signal_received for completeness. Rest of fix
- for bug reported by Elliott Forney <idfah@cs.colostate.edu>
-
-lib/malloc/malloc.c
- - block_signals: renamed to _malloc_block_signals, made public
- - unblock_signals: renamed to _malloc_unblock_signals, made public
-
-lib/malloc/imalloc.h
- - extern declarations for _malloc_{un,}block_signals
-
-lib/malloc/table.c
- - mregister_alloc, mregister_free: block signals around table
- manipulation
-
- 11/15
- -----
-trap.c
- - run_pending_traps: set SIG_INPROGRESS flag around calls to
- run_sigchld_handler so other parts of the shell know that the
- SIGCHLD trap handler is executing
- - run_pending_traps: if we get a situation where we are looking at
- running a SIGCHLD trap but the trap string is IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER
- and the SIG_INPROGRESS flag is set, just skip it. This is possible
- if run_pending_traps is called from a SIGCHLD trap handler run by
- run_sigchld_trap
-
-doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texi,readline.3}
- - corrected description of the effect of `set history-size 0'. Report
- from Vesa-Matti J Kari <vmkari@cc.helsinki.fi>
-
-include/stdc.h
- - CPP_STRING: new define, replaces __STRING
-
-lib/malloc/{malloc.c,imalloc.h}
- - replace __STRING with CPP_STRING
-
- 11/16
- -----
-lib/readline/bind.c
- - sv_histsize: if argument evaluates to a value < 0, unstifle the
- history
-
- 11/22
- -----
-redir.c
- - do_redirection_internal: if we have REDIR_VARASSIGN set in the
- redirection flags and we set up `redirector' using fcntl or dup2,
- don't add a redirect to make sure it stays open. Let the
- script programmer manage the file handle. Fixes bug reported by
- Sam Liddicott <sam@liddicott.com>
-
- 11/24
- -----
-jobs.c
- - wait_for_any_job: new function, waits for an unspecified background
- job to exit and returns its exit status. Returns -1 on no background
- jobs or no children or other errors. Calls wait_for with new
- sentinel value ANY_PID
- - wait_for: changes to handle argument of ANY_PID: don't look up or
- try to modify the child struct, only go through the wait loop once.
- Return -1 if waitpid returns no children
-
-jobs.h
- - ANY_PID: new define
-
-builtins/wait.def
- - new option: -n. Means to wait for the next job and return its exit
- status. Returns 127 if there are no background jobs (or no
- children). Feature most recently requested by Elliott Forney
- <idfah@cs.colostate.edu>
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - document new `wait -n' option
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_command_internal: save make_command_string () result in a
- temp variable before calling savestring() on it; avoids evaluating
- make_command_string() result twice. Fix from John E. Malmberg
- <wb8tyw@qsl.net>
-
- 11/28
- -----
-
-builtins/declare.def
- - declare_internal: if an array variable is declared using `declare -a'
- or `declare -A', but not assigned a value, set the `invisible'
- attribute so the variable does not show up as set. Fix for bug
- about variable initialization reported by Tim Friske <me@timfriske.com>
-
-builtins/{mapfile,read}.def
- - after calling find_or_make_array_variable, make sure the invisible
- flag is turned off, in case the variable was declared previously
- using `declare -a' or `declare -A'. Side effect of above change to
- declare_internal
-
-subst.c
- - shell_expand_word_list: handle the W_ASSNGLOBAL flag and put -g into
- the list of options passed to make_internal_declare as appropriate.
- Fix for bug reported by Tim Friske <me@timfriske.com>
-
- 11/30
- -----
-test.c
- - unary_op: make sure -v and -n check that the variable is not marked
- as invisible before calling var_isset. Fix for bug reported by Tim
- Friske <me@timfriske.com>
-
- 12/2
- ----
-subst.c
- - process_substitute: turn off the `expanding_redir' flag, which
- controls whether or not variables.c:find_variable_internal uses the
- temporary environment to find variables. We want to use the
- temp environment, since we don't have to worry about order of
- evaluation in a subshell. Fixes bug reported by Andrey Borzenkov
- <arvidjaar@gmail.com>
-
- 12/4
- ----
-lib/glob/glob.c
- - glob_filename: changes to avoid null filenames and multiple entries
- returned for patterns like **/** (globstar enabled). Fixes bug
- reported by Ulf Magnusson <ulfalizer@gmail.com>
-
- 12/10
- -----
-lib/glob/glob.c
- - glob_filename: finish up a series of changes to make globstar-style
- globbing more efficient, avoid more duplicate filenames, and be more
- compatible with other shells that implement it
- o collapse a sequence of **/**/** to one **
- o note when the directory name is all ** or ends in ** so we
- can treat it specially when the filename is **
- All inspired by report from Andrey Borzenkov <arvidjaar@gmail.com>
-
-lib/sh/zread.c
- - zreadn: new function, like zread, but takes an additional argument
- saying how many bytes to read into the local buffer. Can be used to
- implement `read -N' without so many one-byte calls to zreadc. Code
- from Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
-
- 12/12
- -----
-lib/glob/sm_loop.c
- - PATSCAN (glob_patscan): if passed string already points to end of
- pattern, return NULL immediately. Fixes problem with
- extglob_skipname reported by Raphaël Droz <raphael.droz@gmail.com>
-
- 12/13
- -----
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_coproc: handle the command's exit status being inverted
- (an oversight). Fixes bug reported by DJ Mills
- <danielmills1@gmail.com> and Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
-
- 12/14
- -----
-lib/readline/readline.c
- - bind_arrow_keys_internal: add MINGW key bindings for Home, End,
- Delete, and Insert keys. Fix from Pierre Muller
- <pierre.muller@ics-cnrs.unistra.fr>
-
-builtins/printf.def
- - printf_builtin: '%()T' conversion: if there is no argument supplied,
- behave as if -1 had been supplied (current time). ksh93-like feature
- suggested by Clark Wang <dearvoid@gmail.com>
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - document new printf %()T default argument behavior
-
- 12/15
- -----
-lib/readline/display.c
- - displaying_prompt_first_line: new variable, indicates whether or
- not the first line of output is displaying the prompt. Always true
- in normal mode, sometimes false in horizontal scrolling mode
- - rl_redisplay: set displaying_prompt_first_line to true unless we
- are in horizontal mode; set to false in horizontal mode if the left
- margin of the displayed line is greater than the end of the prompt
- string
- - rl_redisplay: when in horizontal scroll mode, don't adjust
- _rl_last_c_pos by the wrap offset unless the line is displaying
- a prompt containing invisible chars
- - update line: don't adjust _rl_last_c_pos by the wrap offset unless
- the line is displaying a prompt containing invisible chars
- - update_line: if shrinking the line by reducing the number of
- displayed characters, but we have already moved the cursor to the
- beginning of the line where the first difference starts, don't
- try to delete characters
-
-builtins/read.def
- - unbuffered_read: set to 2 if invoked as `read -N'
- - if unbuffered_read is set to 2, compute the number of chars we
- need to read and read that many with zreadn. Posix mode still
- uses zreadintr. Code from Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - read: make it clear that if read times out, it saves any input
- read to that point into the variable arguments. Report from
- Fiedler Roman <Roman.Fiedler@ait.ac.at>
-
-subst.c
- - command_substitute: change direct assignment of exit_immediately_on_error
- to use change_flag ('e', FLAG_OFF) instead
-
-flags.c
- - use errexit_flag as the variable modified by changes to the -e
- option, reflect those changes to exit_immediately_on_error
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_builtin: new global variable, builtin_ignoring_errexit, set
- to 0 by default and set to 1 if eval/source/command executing in a
- context where -e should be ignored
- - execute_builtin: set exit_immediately_on_error to errextit_flag
- after executing eval/source/command in a context where -e should
- be ignored
-
-flags.c
- - if builtin_ignoring_errexit is set, changes to errexit_flag are
- not reflected in the setting of exit_immediately_on_error. Fixes
- bug reported by Robert Schiele <rschiele@gmail.com>
-
- 12/23
- -----
-include/posixjmp.h
- - setjmp_nosigs: new define, call setjmp in such a way that it will
- not manipulate the signal mask
-
-{expr,test,trap}.c
- - setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp; don't need to manipulate
- signal mask
-
-builtins/read.def
- - read_builtin: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp; don't need
- to manipulate signal mask
-
-builtins/evalstring.c:
- - parse_and_execute: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp; don't need
- to manipulate signal mask
- - parse_string: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp; don't need
- to manipulate signal mask
- - parse_and_execute: save and restore the signal mask if we get a
- longjmp that doesn't cause us to return or exit (case DISCARD)
-
- 12/24
- -----
-general.c
- - bash_tilde_expand: only set interrupt_immediately if there are no
- signals trapped; we want to jump to top level if interrupted but
- not run any trap commands
-
- 12/25
- -----
-jobs.c
- - run_sigchld_trap: no longer set interrupt_immediately before calling
- parse_and_execute, even if this is no longer run in a signal handler
- context
-
-input.c
- - getc_with_restart: add call to QUIT instead of CHECK_TERMSIG
-
-parse.y
- - yy_stream_get: now that getc_with_restart calls QUIT, don't need to
- set interrupt_immediately (already had call to run_pending_traps)
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_subshell_builtin_or_function,execute_function,execute_in_subshell:
- setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp when saving return_catch; don't
- need to manipulate signal mask
- - execute_subshell_builtin_or_function,execute_in_subshell:
- setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp where appropriate when saving
- top_level; don't need to manipulate signal mask if we're going to
- exit right away
-
-subst.c
- - command_substitute: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp when saving
- return_catch; don't need to manipulate signal mask
- - command_substitute: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp where
- appropriate when saving top_level; don't need to manipulate signal
- mask if we're going to exit right away
-
-trap.c
- - run_exit_trap: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp when saving
- return_catch; don't need to manipulate signal mask
- - run_exit_trap: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp where
- appropriate when saving top_level; don't need to manipulate signal
- mask if we're going to exit right away
- - _run_trap_internal: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp when saving
- return_catch; don't need to manipulate signal mask
-
-builtins/evalfile.c
- - _evalfile: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp when saving
- return_catch; don't need to manipulate signal mask
-
-builtins/evalstring.c
- - evalstring: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp when saving
- return_catch; don't need to manipulate signal mask
-
-shell.c
- - main: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp where appropriate when
- saving top_level; don't need to manipulate signal mask if we're
- going to exit right away
- - run_one_command: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp where
- appropriate when saving top_level; don't need to manipulate signal
- mask if we're going to exit right away
- - run_wordexp: setjmp_nosigs: call instead of setjmp where
- appropriate when saving top_level; don't need to manipulate signal
- mask if we're going to exit right away
-
-eval.c
- - reader_loop: save and restore the signal mask if we get a longjmp
- that doesn't cause us to return or exit (case DISCARD)
-
- 12/26
- -----
-parse.y
- - shell_input_line_{index,size,len}: now of type size_t; in some cases
- the unsigned property makes a difference
- - STRING_SAVER: saved_line_{size,index} now of type size_t
- - shell_getc: don't allow shell_input_line to grow larger than SIZE_MAX;
- lines longer than that are truncated until read sees a newline;
- addresses theoretical buffer overflow described by Paul Eggert
- <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
- - set_line_mbstate: size_t changes like shell_getc
- - shell_getc: if shell_input_line is larger than 32K, free it and
- start over to avoid large memory allocations sticking around
-
-variables.c
- - bind_global_variable: new function, binds value to a variable in
- the global shell_variables table
-
-variables.h
- - bind_global_variable: new extern declaration
-
-builtins/declare.def
- - declare_internal: if -g given with name=value, but variable is not
- found in the global variable table, make sure to call
- bind_global_variable so the variable is created and modified at
- global scope. Fixes a bug where declare -g x=y could modify `x'
- at a previous function scope
-
-command.h
- - W_ASSIGNARRAY: new word flag, compound indexed array assignment
-
-subst.h
- - ASS_MKGLOBAL: new assignment flag, forcing global assignment even in
- a function context, used by declare -g
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - fix_assignment_words: set W_ASSIGNARRAY flag if -a option given to
- declaration builtin
-
-subst.c
- - do_assignment_internal: explicitly handle case where we are
- executing in a function and we want to create a global array or
- assoc variable
- - shell_expand_word_list: call make_internal_declare if -a option
- given to declaration builtin (W_ASSIGNARRAY); handle -g option with
- it (W_ASSNGLOBAL). Fixes inconsistency noticed by Vicente Couce
- Diaz <vituko@gmail.com>, where declare -ag foo=(bar) could modify
- array variable foo at previous function scope, not global scope
-
- 12/27
- -----
-bashline.c
- - Minix needs the third argument to tputs to be a void funtion taking
- an int argument, not an int-returning function. Fix from
- John E. Malmberg <wb8tyw@qsl.net> as part of VMS bash port
-
- 12/29
- -----
-configure.ac,version.c,patchlevel.h
- - bash-4.3-devel: new version, new shell compatibility level (43)
-
-subst.c
- - parameter_brace_patsub: put the bash-4.2 code back in from the
- change of 3/3 that runs the replacement string through quote
- removal, make it dependent on shell_compatibility_level <= 42
-
-builtins/shopt.def
- - compat42: new shopt option
- - set_compatibility_level: change logic to set and unset various
- compat variables and shell_compatibility_level
-
-COMPAT
- - new documentation for bash-4.3 compatibility changes
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - compat42: document new shopt option
-
-builtins/shopt.def
- - set_compatibility_opts: new function, sets the various shopt
- compat variables based on the value of shell_compatibility_level
-
-builtins/common.h
- - set_compatibility_opts: new extern declaration
-
-variables.c
- - BASH_COMPAT: new special variable; sets the shell compatibility
- level. Accepts values in decimal (4.2) or integer (42) form;
- Unsetting variable, setting it to empty string, or setting it to
- out-of-range value sets the shell's compatibility level to the
- default for the current version. Valid values are 3.1/31 through
- the current version
- - sv_shcompat: new function implementing logic for BASH_COMPAT
-
-variables.h
- - sv_shcompat: new extern declaration
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - BASH_COMPAT: description of new variable
-
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - _rl_colored_stats: default back to 0 for 4.3 release branch
-
- 1/5/2013
- --------
-quit.h
- - remove spurious call to itrace in CHECK_WAIT_INTR
-
-bashline.c
- - bash_event_hook: if we're going to jump to top_level, make sure we
- clean up after readline() by calling rl_cleanup_after_signal().
- Fixes bug reported against devel branch by Raphaël Droz
- <raphael.droz@gmail.com>
- - bash_event_hook: reset the event hook before checking for signals
- or traps in case we longjmp
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - small additions to the set -e section to make it more clear that
- contexts where -e is ignored extend to compound commands as well
- as shell functions
-
-lib/readline/readline.h
- - rl_signal_event_hook: new extern declaration
-
-lib/readline/input.c
- - rl_signal_event_hook: new variable, hook function to call when a
- function (currently just read(2)) is interrupted by a signal and
- not restarted
- - rl_getc: call rl_signal_event_hook instead of rl_event_hook
-
-lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
- - rl_signal_event_hook: document new function
-
-bashline.c
- - changes to set rl_signal_event_hook instead of rl_event_hook
-
-lib/readline/readline.h
- - change readline version numbers to 6.3
-
- 1/6
- ---
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - a couple of changes to the descriptions of the ERR trap and its
- effects based on a message from Rob Nagler <nagler@bivio.biz>
-
- 1/9
- ---
-expr.c
- - expassign: invalidate curlval before freeing and NULLing tokstr to
- avoid aliasing issues. Fixes bug reported by Eduardo A. Bustamante
- López<dualbus@gmail.com> and Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
-braces.c
- - array_concat: don't be so aggressive in trying to short-circuit. We
- can only short-circuit if we have a single-element array where the
- element is an empty string (array[0] == "" array[1] = 0x0). Existing
- practice requires us to replicate arrays and prefix or append empty
- strings. Fixes bug reported by Eduardo A. Bustamante López
- <dualbus@gmail.com>
-
- 1/11
- ----
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_builtin: since mapfile uses evalstring() to run its callbacks
- internally, just like eval, so it needs to handle the case where the
- temp environment given to mapfile persists throughout the entire
- set of callback commands. This might be a problem with trap also, but
- trap isn't run in the same way. Fixes bug reported by Dan Douglas
- <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
- 1/13
- ----
-redir.c
- - redirection_error: before expanding the redirection word (if
- expandable_redirection_filename returns true), disable command
- substitution during expansion. Fixes bug reported by Dan Douglas
- <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
-subst.c
- - expand_word_internal: case '\\': if the next character is an IFS
- character, and the expansion occurs within double quotes, and the
- character is not one for which backslash retains its meaning, add
- the (escaped) '\' and the (escaped) character. Fixes bug reported
- by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
- 1/15
- ----
-builtins/cd.def
- - cd_builtin: make sure call to internal_getopt handles -e option.
- Fixes bug reported by <mashimiao.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
-
- 1/17
- ----
-subst.c
- - expand_word_list_internal: make sure tempenv_assign_error is
- initialized to 0
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_simple_command: make sure tempenv_assign_error is reset to 0
- after it's tested to see if an error should force the shell to exit.
- Fixes problem where a the failure of a tempenv assignment preceding
- a non-special builtin `sticks' and causes the next special builtin
- to exit the shell. From a discussion on bug-bash started by
- douxin <wq-doux@cn.fujitsu.com>
-
- 1/20
- ----
-subst.c
- - parameter_brace_expand_rhs: call stupidly_hack_special_variables
- after assigning with ${param[:]=word} even if IFS is changing.
- Suggested by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com> [TENTATIVE, needs work
- on IFS side effects]
-
-command.h
- - W_GLOBEXP (which was unused) is now W_SPLITSPACE (which isn't used
- yet)
-
-{execute_cmd,subst,variables}.c
- - removed all code that mentioned W_GLOBEXP
- - removed mention of gnu_argv_flags and code that set it
-
- 1/22
- ----
-subst.c
- - param_expand: set W_SPLITSPACE if we expand (unquoted) $* and
- IFS is unset or null so we can be sure to split this on spaces
- no matter what happens with IFS later
- - expand_word_internal: note that param_expand returns W_SPLITSPACE
- in the returned word flags and keep track of that state with
- `split_on_spaces'
-
- 1/23
- ----
-subst.c
- - expand_word_internal: if split_on_spaces is non-zero, make sure
- we split `istring' on spaces and return the resultant word. The
- previous expansions should have quoted spaces in the positional
- parameters where necessary. Suggested by Dan Douglas
- <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_command_internal: make sure any subshell forked to run a
- group command or user subshell at the end of a pipeline runs any
- EXIT trap it sets. Fixes debian bash bug 698411
- http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=698411
-
-subst.c
- - shell_expand_word_list: fix code that creates args for and calls
- make_internal_declare to avoid calling it twice (missing `else'
- in 12/26 change)
- - do_assignment_internal: fix code from 12/26 change to fix problem
- where an existing assoc variable could be converted to an array
- without checking `mkassoc'
-
- 1/24
- ----
-builtins/evalfile.c
- - _evalfile: add missing `close (fd)' calls before returning to
- avoid fd leaks. Bug and fix from Roman Rakus <rrakus@redhat.com>
-
- 1/25
- ----
-builtins/read.def
- - read_builtin: don't try to play tricks with the top of the unwind-
- protect stack after read gets a SIGALRM; save input_string to new
- memory, run the stack, then restore input_string and assign the
- variables. Part of fix for bug reported by konsolebox
- <konsolebox@gmail.com>; the rest of the fix is with the changes in
- trap and signal handling and doing away with interrupt_immediately
-
- 1/26
- ----
-redir.c
- - redirection_expand, write_here_string, write_here_document: before
- calling any of the word expansion functions, after setting
- expanding_redir to 1 (which bypasses the temp environment in the
- variable lookup functions), call sv_ifs to reset the cached IFS-
- related variables set by subst.c:setifs(). This ensures that
- redirections will not get any IFS values that are set in the
- temporary environment, as Posix specifies. Then, after the word
- expansions, after resetting expanding_redir to 0, call sv_ifs
- again to make sure the cached IFS values are set from any
- assignments in the temporary environment. We force executing_builtin
- to 1 to `fool' the variable lookup functions into using any temp
- environment, then reset it to its old value after sv_ifs returns.
- This is what allows read() to use the (cached) IFS variables set
- in the temp environment. Fixes inconsistency reported by Dan Douglas
- <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
- 1/29
- ----
-lib/readline/display.c
- - update_line: fix off-by-one error when updating vis_lbreaks array
- in a multibyte locale that occurs when moving multibyte chars from
- one line down to another. Bug report and fix from Egmont
- Koblinger <egmont@gmail.com>
-
- 1/30
- ----
-configure.ac
- - changed version to 4.3-alpha
-
-redir.c
- - redir_open: handle open returning -1/EINTR, which seems to happen
- a lot with FIFOs and SIGCHLD, and call QUIT to handle other
- signals that can interrupt open(2). Bug report and initial fix
- from Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
-
- 1/31
- ----
-subst.c
- - parameter_brace_expand: make sure to propagate the PF_ASSIGNRHS flag
- to parameter_brace_expand_word
- - parameter_brace_expand_word: make sure that if the PF_ASSIGNRHS flag
- is set and we are expanding ${a[@]} or ${a[*]} we set quoted to
- include Q_DOUBLE_QUOTES before calling array_value_internal, mirroring
- what we do for $@ and $*. Fixes inconsistency reported by Dan
- Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
-configure.ac
- - use AC_CHECK_TOOL instead of AC_CHECK_PROG to check for ar, since it
- will find $host-prefixed versions of utilities. Report and fix from
- Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
-
-builtins/setattr.def
- - set_var_attribute: check whether bind_variable (called when the
- variable whose attributes are being modified is found in the temp
- environment) just modified a read-only global variable, and don't
- bother marking the temporary variable for propagation if so. The
- propagation is superfluous and will result in a strange error
- message
-
- 2/2
- ---
-variables.c
- - initialize_shell_variables: don't try to import function definitions
- with invalid names from the environment if already in posix mode,
- but create them as (invisible) exported variables so they pass
- through the environment. Print an error message so user knows
- what's wrong. Fixes bug reported by Tomas Trnka <ttrnka@mail.muni.cz>
-
- 2/9
- ---
-
-builtins/read.def
- - sigalrm_seen, alrmbuf: now global so the rest of the shell (trap.c)
- can use them
- - sigalrm: just sets flag, no longer longjmps to alrmbuf; problem was
- longjmp without manipulating signal mask, leaving SIGALRM blocked
-
-quit.h
- - move CHECK_ALRM macro here from builtins/read.def so trap.c:
- check_signals() can call it
-
-trap.c
- - check_signals: add call to CHECK_ALRM before QUIT
- - check_signals_and_traps: call check_signals() instead of including
- CHECK_ALRM and QUIT inline. Integrating check for read builtin's
- SIGALRM (where zread call to check_signals_and_traps can see it)
- fixes problem reported by Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
-
- 2/12
- ----
-lib/glob/xmbsrtowcs.c
- - xdupmbstowcs2: fixed but where end of string was not handled
- correctly, causing loop to go past end of string in a bunch of cases.
- Fixes bug reported by "Dashing" <dashing@hushmail.com>
-
-
- 2/13
- ----
-builtins/pushd.def
- - popd_builtin: treat any argument that isn't -n or of the form
- [-+][[:digit:]]* as an error. Fixes problem reported by Bruce
- Korb <bruce.korb@gmail.com>
-
- 2/14
- ----
-configure.ac
- - add check for sig_atomic_t; already a placeholder for it in
- config.h.in
-
- 2/15
- ----
-subst.c
- - do_compound_assignment: don't call assign_compound_array_list with
- a NULL variable in case make_local_xxx_variable returns NULL
- (it will if you try to shadow a readonly or noassign variable).
- Fixes bug reported by Richard Tollerton <rich.tollerton@ni.com>
-
- 2/16
- ----
-variables.c
- - make_local_variable: print error messager if an attempt is made to
- create a local variable shadowing a `noassign' variable. Previously
- we just silently refused to do it
-
-trap.[ch]
- - get_original_signal: now global so rest of the shell can use it
-
-sig.c
- - initialize_shell_signals: install a signal handler for SIGTERM
- that does nothing except set a sigterm_received flag instead of
- ignoring it with SIG_IGN, as long as SIGTERM is not ignored when
- the shell is started. Use get_original_signal early to get the
- original handler, since we will do that later anyway
- - set_signal_handler: if installing sigterm_sighandler as the SIGTERM
- handler, make sure to add SA_RESTART flag to make it as close to
- SIG_IGN as possible
-
-sig.h
- - sigterm_sighandler: new extern declaration
-
-quit.h
- - RESET_SIGTERM: set sigterm_receved to 0
- - CHECK_SIGTERM: check sigterm_received; if it's non-zero, treat it
- as a fatal signal and call termsig_handler to exit the shell
-
-jobs.c
- - make_child: call RESET_SIGTERM just before fork() so we can detect
- if the child process received a SIGTERM before it's able to change
- the signal handler back to what it was when the shell started
- (presumably SIG_DFL). Only has effect if the shell installed
- sigterm_sighandler for SIGTERM, interactive shells that were not
- started with SIG_IGN as the SIGTERM handler
- - make_child: call RESET_SIGTERM in the parent after fork() so the
- rest of the shell won't react to it
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_simple_command: call CHECK_SIGTERM after make_child in child
- to catch SIGTERM received after fork() and before restoring old
- signal handlers
- - execute_disk_command: call CHECK_SIGTERM after make_child in child
- process after restoring old signal handlers and again just before
- calling shell_execve. Fixes race condition observed by
- Padraig Brady <p@draigbrady.com> when testing with his `timeout'
- program
-
-lib/readline/display.c
- - open_some_spaces: new function, subset of insert_some_chars that just
- opens up a specified number of spaces to be overwritten
- - insert_some_spaces: now just calls to open_some_spaces followed by
- _rl_output_some_chars
- - update_line: use col_temp instead of recalculating it using
- _rl_col_width in the case where we use more columns with fewer bytes
- - update_line: use open_some_spaces and then output the right number
- of chars instead of trying to print new characters then overwrite
- existing characters in two separate calls. This includes removing
- some dodgy code and making things simpler. Fix from Egmont
- Koblinger <egmont@gmail.com>
- - use new variable `bytes_to_insert' instead of overloading temp in
- some code blocks (nls - nfd, bytes that comprise the characters
- different in the new line from the old)
-
- 2/18
- ----
-redir.c
- - do_redirection_internal: add undoable redirection for the implicit
- close performed by the <&n- and >&n- redirections. Fixes bug
- reported by Stephane Chazelas <stephane.chazelas@gmail.com>
-
- 2/19
- ----
-sig.c
- - termsig_handler: an interactive shell killed by SIGHUP and keeping
- command history will try to save the shell history before exiting.
- This is an attempt to preserve the save-history-when-the-terminal-
- window-is-closed behavior
-
- 2/21
- ----
-braces.c
- - brace_expand: if a sequence expansion fails (e.g. because the
- integers overflow), treat that expansion as a simple string, including
- the braces, and try to process any remainder of the string. The
- remainder may include brace expansions. Derived from SuSE bug
- 804551 example (https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=804551)
-
- 2/23
- ----
-{quit,sig}.h,sig.c
- - sigterm_received declaration now in sig.h; type is sig_atomic_t
- - sigwinch_received type now sig_atomic_t
- - sig.h includes bashtypes.h and <signal.h> if SIG_DFL not defined
- (same logic as trap.h) to pick up sig_atomic_t
-
-unwind_prot.c
- - include sig.h before quit.h (reverse order)
-
- 2/27
- ----
-builtins/shopt.def
- - reset_shopt_options: make sure check_window_size is reset to the
- default from config.h, not unconditionally to 0
-
-jobs.[ch]
- - last_made_pid, last_asynchronous_pid: now volatile. Change from SuSE
-
-jobs.c
- - wait_for: if we're using sigaction to install a handler for SIGCHLD,
- make sure we specify SA_RESTART
-
-lib/{tilde,readline}/shell.c
- - get_home_dir: instead of looking in the password file every time,
- look once and cache the result
-
-sig.[ch]
- - sigwinch_received, sigterm_received: now `volatile' qualified
-
-sig.c,quit.h
- - interrupt_state,terminating_signal: now sig_atomic_t
-
- 3/1
- ---
-MANIFEST,examples/*
- - removed around 120 files without FSF copyrights; requested by
- Karl Berry in early January
-
- 3/2
- ---
-lib/malloc/malloc.c
- - morecore: only check whether SIGCHLD is trapped if SIGCHLD is defined
-
-doc/bashref.texi
- - Fixed most of the examples in the GNU Parallel section to use better
- shell idioms following complaints on bug-bash; added a couple of
- examples and smoothed out the text
-
-quit.h
- - include "sig.h" for sig_atomic_t
-
-lib/readline/display.c
- - update_line: when inserting one or more characters at the end of
- the display line in a non-multibyte environment, just write from the
- first difference to the end of the line and return. We don't have
- to adjust _rl_last_c_pos. This is needed to adjust from the old
- two-part copy to a single call to _rl_output_some_chars (change of
- 2/16)
-
- 3/4
- ---
-Makefile.in,doc/Makefile.in
- - PACKAGE_TARNAME, docdir: new variables substituted by autoconf
- - OTHER_DOCS,OTHER_INSTALLED_DOCS: new variables with auxiliary
- documentation files to be installed into $(docdir)
- - install: add new rule to install $(OTHER_DOCS)
- - uninstall: add new rule to uninstall $(docdir)/$(OTHER_INSTALLED_DOCS)
-
-doc/bash.1
- - add URL to `POSIX' file in `SEE ALSO' section; put pointer to that
- section in --posix and set -o posix descriptions
-
-examples/
- - removed around 110 examples at the request of the FSF due to copyright
- issues
-
- 3/5
- ---
-builtins/setattr.def
- - readonly: modified help text slightly to make it clearer that
- functions aren't changed or displayed unless the -f option is given.
- Report from <gotmynick@gmail.com>
-
- 3/9
- ---
-include/typemax.h
- - SIZE_MAX: define to 65535 (Posix minimum maximum) if not defined
-
-parse.y
- - include "typemax.h" for possible SIZE_MAX definition, make sure we
- include it after shell.h
-
-{braces,expr}.c
- - include "typemax.h" for possible INTMAX_MIN and INTMAX_MAX definitions
-
- 3/10
- ----
-bashline.c
- - bash_default_completion: make sure completion type of `!' (same as
- TAB but with show-all-if-ambiguous set) and glob-word-completion
- sets rl_filename_completion_desired to 0 so extra backslashes don't
- get inserted by `quoting' the completion. We can't kill all the
- matches because show-all-if-ambiguous needs them. Bug report from
- Marcel (Felix) Giannelia <info@skeena.net>
-
-[bash-4.3-alpha frozen]
-
- 3/14
- ----
-general.c
- - trim_pathname: use memmove instead of memcpy since the source and
- destination pathnames may overlap. Report and fix from Matthew
- Riley <mattdr@google.com>
-
- 3/18
- ----
-configure.ac
- - socklen_t is defined as `unsigned int' if configure can't find it
-
- 3/20
- ----
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - S_ISVTX: since it's not defined on all platforms (Minix), make sure
- its use is protected with #ifdef
-
- 3/21
- ----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - Added mention of ${!name[@]} and ${!name[*]} expansions to get all
- indices of an array. Suggested by Jonathan Leffler
- <jonathan.leffler@gmail.com>
-
- 3/24
- ----
-subst.h
- - SD_IGNOREQUOTE: new define for skip_to_delim; if set, means that
- single quotes (for now) will be treated as ordinary characters
-
-subst.c
- - skip_to_delim: handle SD_IGNOREQUOTE. no callers use it for now
-
- 3/25
- ----
-support/config.{guess,sub}
- - updated to versions from autoconf-2.69
-
- 3/31
- ----
-lib/sh/shquote.c
- - sh_single_quote: short-circuit quoting a single "'" instead of
- creating a long string with empty single-quoted strings
-
-parser.h
- - DOLBRACE_QUOTE2: new define, like DOLBRACE_QUOTE, but need to single-
- quote results of $'...' expansion because quote removal will be
- done later. Right now this is only done for ${word/pat/rep}
-
-parse.y
- - parse_matched_pair: set state to DOLBRACE_QUOTE2 for pattern
- substitution word expansion so we don't treat single quote specially
- in the pattern or replacement string
- - parse_matched_pair: if we're parsing a dollar-brace word expansion
- (${...}) and we're not treating single quote specially within
- double quotes, single-quote the translation of $'...' ansi-c
- escaped strings. Original report and fix from Eduardo A.
- Bustamante López <dualbus@gmail.com>
-
-subst.c
- - extract_dollar_brace_string: ${word/pat/rep} scanning now sets the
- DOLBRACE_QUOTE2 flag instead of DOLBRACE_QUOTE so we don't treat
- single quotes specially within a double-quoted string
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - fix_assignment_words: skip over assignment statements preceding a
- command word before trying to figure out whether or not assignment
- statements following a possible declaration command should be
- treated specially. Fixes bug reported by Dan Douglas
- <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
- 4/4
- ---
-lib/readline/readline.c
- - _rl_dispatch_subseq: only call _rl_vi_set_last (and check whether
- the key is a text modification command) if the key sequence length
- is 1. That keeps the arrow keys from setting the last command
- when called in vi command mode. Fixes bug reported by Ian A.
- Watson <watson_ian_a@lilly.com>
-
- 4/6
- ---
-lib/readline/bind.c
- - rl_parse_and_bind: when parsing a double-quoted string as the value
- of a variable, make sure we skip past the leading double quote.
- Fix from Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
-
-variables.c
- - hash_lookup: set new local variable last_table_searched to the table
- a successful lookup appears in; tested in make_local_variable to
- solve the problem below
- - make_local_variable: if we find a variable with the tempenv flag
- set at the same `level' as variable_context', but not found in the
- temporary_env (temp environment preceding the builtin), return it.
- The temp environment preceding the function call has already been
- merged (in execute_function) into the list of variable contexts the
- function sees as shell_variables by the time this is called. Fixes
- inconsistency pointed out by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
-subst.c
- - expand_arith_string: expanded out contents of expand_string,
- expand_string_internal, expand_string_if_necessary to create a
- WORD_DESC and call call_expand_word_internal() on it directly.
- We don't want process substitution to be performed ( 1<(2) ) should
- mean something different in an arithmetic expression context.
- It doesn't work to just turn on the DQUOTE flag, since that means
- that things like ${x["expression"]} are not expanded correctly.
- Fixes problem pointed out by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
- 4/13
- ----
-subst.c
- - process_substitute: run the EXIT trap before exiting, as other
- shells seem to. Fixes problem pointed out by Dan Douglas
- <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
-lib/readline/readline.c
- - readline_internal_setup: call rl_vi_insertion_mode to enter vi
- mode instead of rl_vi_insert_mode to avoid resetting the saved last
- command information. Posix says that `.' can repeat a command
- that was entered on a previous line so we need to save the info.
- Fixes bug reported by Ian A. Watson <watson_ian_a@lilly.com>
-
- 4/14
- ----
-lib/readline/complete.c
- - rl_completion_matches: make sure xrealloc returns something non-null
- (can happen when interrupted by a signal) before trying to add
- matches to match_list
-
-subst.c
- - array_remove_pattern: return NULL right away if array_variable_part
- returns an invisible variable
- - array_length_reference: handle array_variable_part returning an
- invisible variable
- - get_var_and_type: handle array_variable_part returning an invisible
- variable
-
- 4/15
- ----
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_command_internal: make sure to run the EXIT trap for group
- commands anywhere in pipelines, not just at the end. From a point
- raised by Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
-
-variables.c
- - bind_int_variable: make sure invisible flag is unset. Fixes problems
- like "declare -ai a; : $(( a[4]=4 ));"
-
-arrayfunc.c
- - array_variable_part: return variable even if invisible flag set,
- callers must handle invisible vars
-
- 4/18
- ----
-builtins/set.def
- - unset_builtin: if -n flag given, call unset_nameref instead of
- unset_variable
-
-variables.c
- - find_variable_nameref: print warning message if nameref circular
- reference detected, return NULL and let caller deal with it
-
-builtins/declare.def
- - declare_builtin: only disallow global references at this point if
- we are at the global scope
-
- 5/16
- ----
-configure.ac
- - update release status to beta
-
- 5/23
- ----
-trap.c
- - run_pending_traps: save and restore pipeline around calls to
- evalstring() in case we get a trap while running a trap. Have to
- figure out the recursive running traps issue elsewhere. Fixes
- bug reported by Roman Rakus <rrakus@redhat.com>
- - run_pending_traps: make sure to set running_trap to the appropriate
- signal value when running a trap command
- - run_pending_traps: short-circuit immediately if running_trap set
- when invoked. Could change this later to only skip if it would
- run the same trap as currently being run (running_trap == sig + 1)
-
-configure.ac
- - add warning if bison not found
-
-lib/readline/doc/rltech.texi
- - new section with an example program illustrating the callback
- interface. Suggested by Peng Yu <pengyu.ut@gmail.com>
-
-examples/loadables/Makefile.in
- - remove references to `cut' and `getconf', which were removed in
- early March
-
- 5/28
- ----
-lib/sh/pathphys.c
- - sh_realpath: correct inverted two arguments to call to sh_makepath.
- Report and fix from Julien Thomas <jthomas@exosec.fr>
-
- 6/7
- ---
-execute_cmd.c
- - executing_line_number: the else clauses that are conditional on
- various options being defined can simply be if clauses -- they are
- mutually exclusive and all have `return' in the body. Fixes bug
- reported by Flavio Medeiros <flaviomotamedeiros@gmail.com>
-
- 6/25
- ----
-lib/readline/readline.c
- - readline_internal_setup: only sent the meta-key enable string to the
- terminal if we've been told to use one and the terminal has been
- successfully initialized (RL_ISSTATE (RL_STATE_TERMPREPPED) != 0).
- Suggested by Dan Mick <dan.mick@inktank.com>
-
-lib/readline/signals.c
- - _rl_signal_handler: call any defined signal hook after calling
- rl_resize_terminal when handling a SIGWINCH. We already have called
- the original SIGWINCH handler but will not be resending the signal
- to ourselves
-
- 6/27
- ----
-lib/readline/doc/history.3, doc/bash.1
- - fix description of the `$' modifier to note that it expands to the
- last *word*, which is not always the last argument. Report from
- ariyetz@gmail.com via gnu.org RT
-
- 6/29
- ----
-lib/glob/smatch.c
- - glob_asciiranges: initialize to value of GLOBASCII_DEFAULT instead
- of 0 (0 if not defined)
-
-configure.ac,config.h.in
- - --enable-glob-asciiranges-default: new option, controls the value of
- GLOBASCII_DEFAULT; use it to turn globasciiranges shopt option on
- by default
-
-doc/bashref.texi
- - document new --enable-glob-asciiranges-default configure option
-
-variables.c
- - assign_in_env: implement += value appending semantics for assignments
- preceding command names
-
- 7/4
- ---
-expr.c
- - set lasttok = NUM in all of the functions that result in a number,
- even if it's a boolean, to avoid errors with constructs like
- 1 * x = 1, which should be an asignment error. Fixes problem
- pointed out by Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
-parse.y
- - decode_prompt_string: don't bother to call strcpy if
- polite_directory_format returns its argument unchanged. It's not
- necessary and Mac OS X 10.9 aborts because of a supposed overlapping
- string copy. Bug and fix from simon@hitzemann.org
-
-subst.c
- - parameter_brace_find_indir: new function, code from
- parameter_brace_expand_indir that looks up the indirectly-referenced
- variable, but does not expand it
- - parameter_brace_expand_indir: call parameter_brace_find_indir to
- look up indirected variable reference
- - get_var_and_type: call parameter_brace_find_indir if it looks like we
- are trying to manipulate an indirect variable reference like
- ${!b%%foo}. This makes a difference if !b references an array
- variable. Bug report from Dan Douglas <ormaaj@gmail.com>
-
- 7/6
- ---
-lib/sh/casemod.c
- - sh_modcase: make sure argument passed to is_basic is <= UCHAR_MAX,
- since cval can convert something to a wchar_t greater than UCHAR_MAX.
- Fixes bug reported by Tomasz Tomasik <scx.mail@gmail.com>
-
- 7/8
- ---
-lib/readline/history.c
- - add_history_time: if history_length == 0, referencing history_length
- - 1 will result in an array bounds error, so make history_length be
- at least 1 before going on. Fixes bug reported by Geng Sheng Liu
- <gsliu.tju@gmail.com>
-
-builtins/setattr.def
- - show_func_attributes: display definition (if NODEFS argument is 0) and
- attributes for a particular function; used by `declare -fp name'
-
-builtins/declare.def
- - declare_internal: call show_func_attributes if -f supplied with -p.
- Fixes inconsistency observed by Linda Walsh <bash@tlinx.org>
-
-builtins/common.h
- - new extern declaration for show_func_attributes
-
-builtins/read.def
- - read_builtin: check the first supplied variable name for validity
- before attempting to read any input, since we know we will have to
- at least use that one. Don't check any other names yet. Suggested
- by jidanni@jidanni.org
-
- 7/10
- ----
-redir.c
- - do_redirection_internal: when closing a file descriptor with
- r_close_this ([n]<&-) count close errors as redirection errors if
- errno ends up as EIO or ENOSPC. Originally reported back in April
- 2012 by Andrey Zaitsev <jstcdr@gmail.com>
-
- 7/11
- ----
-redir.c
- - do_redirection_internal: before calling check_bash_input, make sure
- that we don't call check_bash_input for an asynchronous process that
- is replacing stdin with something else. The seek backwards affects
- the parent process as well, since parents and children share the
- file pointer. Fixes problem originally reported in March 2013 by
- Martin Jackson <mjackson220.list@gmail.com>
-
- 7/13
- ----
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - slight change to add a description of `shopt -o' suggested by Bruce
- Korb <bruce.korb@gmail.com>
-
- 7/19
- ----
-lib/readline/histfile.c
- - history_do_write: if close returns < 0, make sure we restore the
- backup history file and return a non-zero value
- - history_truncate_file: if write or close return < 0, make sure we
- return a non-zero value
-
-[bash-4.3-beta frozen]
-
- 7/21
- ----
-lib/readline/isearch.c
- - rl_display_search: now takes an entire search context flags word as
- the second argument, instead of just reverse flag; changed callers
- - rl_display_search: if the search has failed, add `failed ' to the
- beginning of the search prompt
- - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if the search has failed, display the entire
- search string with an indication that the search failed but with the
- last matching line. Suggested by jidanni@jidanni.org
-
-command.h
- - W_ASSIGNINT: new word flag; used internally for make_internal_declare
- and set by fix_assignment_words
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - fix_assignment_words: set W_ASSIGNINT if compound assignment and -i
- given as option. We don't do anything with the value yet
-
-subst.c
- - shell_expand_word_list: rework the way the option list that is
- passed to make_internal_declare is created
-
- 8/1
- ---
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - minor changes to description of $! based on a report from Chris
- Down <chris@chrisdown.name>
-
-arrayfunc.c
- - assign_array_element_internal: before trying to get an array's max
- index to process a negative subscript, make sure the array exists.
- Bug report from Geir Hauge <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
-
- 8/2
- ---
-arrayfunc.c
- - assign_array_element_internal: before using array_max_index() when
- processing a negative subscript, make sure the variable is an array.
- if it's not, use 0 as array_max_index assuming it's a string.
- Fixes bug report from Geir Hauge <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
-
- 8/3
- ---
-Makefile.in
- - pcomplete.o: add dependency on $(DEFDIR)/builtext.h. Suggested by
- Curtis Doty <curtis@greenkey.net>
-
- 8/5
- ---
-lib/glob/sm_loop.c
- - strcompare: short-circuit and return FNM_NOMATCH if the lengths of the
- pattern and string (pe - p and se - s, respectively) are not equal
- - strcompare: don't bother trying to set *pe or *se to '\0' if that's
- what they already are. Fixes bug reported by Geir Hauge
- <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
-
- 8/6
- ---
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi},builtins/hash.def,lib/readline/doc/rluser.texi
- - minor typo changes from Geir Hauge <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
-
-bultins/help.def
- - show_longdoc: avoid trying to translate the empty string because it
- often translates to some boilerplate about the project and
- translation. Report and fix from Geir Hauge <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
-
- 8/8
- ---
-builtins/help.def
- - help_builtin: try two passes through the list of help topics for each
- argument: one doing exact string matching and one, if the first pass
- fails to find a match, doing string prefix matching like previous
- versions. This prevents `help read' from matching both `read' and
- `readonly', but allows `help r' to match everything beginning with
- `r'. Inspired by report from Geir Hauge <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
-
- 8/13
- ----
-builtins/fc.def
- - fc_builtin,fc_gethnum: calculate `real' end of the history list and
- use it if -0 is specified as the beginning or end of the history
- range to list. Doesn't work for fc -e or fc -s by design. Feature
- requested by Mike Fied <micfied@gmail.com>
-
- 8/16
- ----
-trap.c
- - _run_trap_internal: use {save,restore}_parser_state instead of
- {save,restore}_token_state. It's more comprehensive
-
- 8/23
- ----
-doc/bash.1
- - disown: remove repeated text. Report and fix from Thomas Hood
- <jdthood@gmail.com>
-
- 8/25
- ----
-lib/readline/rltty.c
- - set_special_char: fix prototype (last arg is rl_command_func_t *)
-
-sig.c
- - set_signal_handler: return oact.sa_handler only if sigaction
- succeeds; if it doesn't, return SIG_DFL (reasonable default). From
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=911404
-
-bashline.c
- - attempt_shell_completion: fix to skip assignment statements preceding
- command name even if there are no programmable completions defined.
- From https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=994659
- - attempt_shell_completion: if still completing command word following
- assignment statements, do command completion even if programmable
- completion defined for partial command name entered so far
-
- 8/26
- ----
-pcomplete.c
- - pcomp_filename_completion_function: make sure rl_filename_dequoting_function
- is non-NULL before trying to call it. Bug and fix from
- Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
-
-bashline.c
- - bash_command_name_stat_hook: if *name is not something we're going
- to look up in $PATH (absolute_program(*name) != 0), just call the
- usual bash_filename_stat_hook and return those results. This makes
- completions like $PWD/exam[TAB] add a trailing slash
-
- 9/2
- ---
-builtins/read.def
- - read_builtin: before comparing what we read to the delim, make sure
- we are not supposed to be ignoring the delimiter (read -N). We
- set the delim to -1, but it's possible to read a character whose
- int value ends up being between -1 and -128. Fixes bug
- reported by Stephane Chazelas <stephane.chazelas@gmail.com>
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - word splitting: crib some language from Posix to make it clear that
- characters in IFS are treated as field *terminators*, not field
- *separators*. Addresses issue raised by DJ Mills
- <danielmills1@gmail.com>
-
-lib/readline/{util.c,rldefs.h}
- - _rl_stricmp,_rl_strnicmp: now take const char * string arguments;
- changed prototype declarations
-
- 9/5
- ---
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - [[: modify description of pattern matching to make it clear that the
- match is performed as if the extglob option were enabled. From Red
- Hat bug https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1002078
-
- 9/12
- ----
-lib/readline/isearch.c
- - _rl_isearch_dispatch: if we read an ESC and it's supposed to
- terminate the search, make sure we check for typeahead with
- _rl_pushed_input_available, since installing a hook function causes
- typeahead to be collected in `ibuffer' (input.c). If there is any,
- make sure we still use the ESC as a prefix character. Bug and fix
- from Mike Miller <mtmiller@ieee.org>
-
- 9/16
- ----
-builtins/{caller,cd,kill,pushd,wait}.def
- - builtin_usage(): make sure call to this sets return status to
- EX_USAGE
-
- 9/18
- ----
-terminal.c
- - rl_change_environment: new application-settable variable; if non-
- zero (the default), readline will modify LINES and COLUMNS in the
- environment when it handles SIGWINCH
- - _rl_get_screen_size: if rl_change_environment is non-zero, use setenv
- to modify LINES and COLUMNS environment variables
-
-readline.h
- - rl_change_environment: new extern declaration for applications
-
- 9/22
- ----
-configure.ac
- - relstatus: bumped version to bash-4.3-beta2
-
- 9/24
- ----
-
-lib/readline/readline.c
- - bind_arrow_keys_internal: added more key bindings for the numeric key
- pad arrow keys on mingw32. Patch from Pierre Muller
- <pierre.muller@ics-cnrs.unistra.fr>
-
- 10/19
- -----
-
-bashline.c
- - maybe_restore_tilde: version of restore_tilde that honors `direxpand';
- calls restore_tilde after saving directory expansion hook if
- necessary. Report from Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
-
-builtins/cd.def
- - -@: new option, allows cd to use `extended attributes' present in
- NFSv4, ZFS; idea taken from ksh93. Attributes associated with a
- file are presented as a directory containing the attributes as
- individual files. Original patch contributed by Cedric Blancher
- <cedric.blancher@gmail.com>
-
- 10/20
- -----
-aclocal.m4
- - BASH_CHECK_MULTIBYTE: check for wcwidth being broken with unicode
- combining characters needs a value to use when cross-compiling.
- Bug report from Bert Sutherland <bertsutherland@gmail.com>
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - document new -@ option to cd builtin
-
- 10/28
- -----
-lib/glob/{{gmisc,glob}.c,glob.h}
- - extglob_pattern renamed to extglob_pattern_p, declared in glob.h
-
-subst.c
- - expand_word_internal: typo fix: case to fix " $@\ " bug in bash-4.2
- had a typo (& isexp instead of &&)
-
- 10/29
- -----
-input.c
- - getc_with_restart: make sure local_index and local_bufused are
- reset to 0 before returning EOF, in case we are running an interactive
- shell without line editing and ignoreeof is set. Report and fix
- from Yong Zhang <yong.zhang@windriver.com>
-
-lib/readline/search.c
- - _rl_nsearch_init: take out extra third argument to rl_message; it
- only matches prototype (and maybe format) in cases where
- PREFER_STDARG and USE_VARARGS are both undefined, which is rare
-
- 10/31
- -----
-subst.c
- - process_substitute: when opening the named pipe in the child, open
- without O_NONBLOCK to avoid race conditions. Happens often on AIX.
- Bug report and fix from Michael Haubenwallner
- <michael.haubenwallner@salomon.at>
-
-builtins/ulimit.def
- - RLIMIT_NTHR: if RLIMIT_PTHREAD is not defined, but RLIMIT_NTHR is,
- use RLIMIT_NTHR (NetBSD)
-
- 11/5
- ----
-locale.c
- - set_default_locale_vars,set_locale_var: if TEXTDOMAINDIR has been
- set, and default_dir has a non-null value, call bindtextdomain(3)
- when TEXTDOMAIN is assigned a value. Fixes problem reported by
- Michael Arlt <qwertologe@googlemail.com>
-
- 11/6
- ----
-builtins/cd.def
- - cdxattr: only create synthetic pathname in `buf' if NDIRP argument
- is non-null
- - change_to_directory: if we have specified -@ and cdxattr returns
- failure, fail immediately. Fixes bug reported by Joshuah Hurst
- <joshhurst@gmail.com>
-
- 11/12
- -----
-redir.c
- - print_redirection: change r_err_and_out (&>) and its append form,
- r_append_err_and_out (&>>) cases to separate redirection operator
- from filename by a space, in case we have a process substitution.
- Fixes bug reported by admn ombres <admn.ombres@gmail.com>
-
- 11/15
- -----
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_simple_command: don't close process substitution fds until
- we are finished executing any current shell function. Partial fix
- for bug reported by John Dawson <john.dawson@gmail.com>
-
-support/shobj-conf
- - add support for Darwin 13 (Mac OS X 10.9, Mavericks). Based on a
- report by Ludwig Schwardt <ludwig.schwardt@gmail.com>
-
- 11/20
- -----
-[bash-4.3-rc1 frozen]
-
- 11/24
- -----
-builtins/printf.def
- - bind_printf_variable: make sure that the variable assigned to is
- no longer marked as invisible. Fixes bug reported by NBaH
- <nbah@sfr.fr>
-
- 11/28
- -----
-jobs.c
- - delete_old_job: fix off-by-one error in job index in call to
- internal_warning. Bug report from Peter Cordes <peter@cordes.ca>
-
- 11/30
- -----
-doc/bashref.texi
- - add string to description of special parameters with name of
- special parameter prefixed by a $, so you can search for $#,
- for instance
-
- 12/2
- ----
-lib/readline/{histexpand.c
- - get_history_event: account for current_history() possibly returning
- NULL. Report and fix from Pankaj Sharma <pankaj.s01@samsung.com>
-
-
- 12/11
- -----
-
-lib/readline/parse-colors.c
- - get_funky_string: don't call abort if we see something we can't
- parse; just return an error
- - _rl_parse_colors: if we encounter an error while parsing $LS_COLORS
- we need to leave _rl_color_ext_list as NULL after freeing its
- elements, then turn off _rl_colored_stats. Report and fix from Martin
- Wesdorp <mwesdorp@casema.nl>
-
- 12/13
- -----
-
-lib/readline/parse-colors.c
- - _rl_parse_colors: if we encounter an unrecognized prefix, throw an
- error but try to recover and go on to the next specification
-
-variables.c
- - make_local_variable: for new variables this function creates, set
- the att_invisible attribute. All callers from declare_internal.
- Indirectly, this is a fix for bug with `declare -n var; var=foo;'
- reported by Pierre Gaston <pierre.gaston@gmail.com>
- - bind_variable: if assigning to nameref variable that doesn't have
- a value yet (e.g., with `declare -n var; var=foo'), don't try to
- use the unset name. Fixes a segfault reported by Pierre Gaston
- <pierre.gaston@gmail.com>
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_command_internal: make sure last_command_exit_value is set
- to 0 after any command executed in the background. Fixes bug
- reported by Martin Kealey <martin@kurahaupo.gen.nz>
-
- 12/17
- -----
-support/config.{guess,sub}
- - updated to latest versions from git
-
- 12/19
- -----
-parse.y
- - struct STRING_SAVER: now has a new `flags' element, to identify the
- caller: alias expansion, double-paren parsing, or parse_and_execute
- - push_string: now sets flags to PSH_ALIAS if `ap' argument is non-NULL
- - push_string: now doesn't attempt to call strlen on a NULL string to
- set shell_input_line_size
- - parser_expanding_alias, parser_save_alias, parser_restore_alias: new
- functions to provide an external interface to push_string and
- pop_string; parser_save_alias sets flags element to PSH_SOURCE (could
- be renamed PSH_EXTERN someday)
- - shell_getc: when yy_getc returns '\0', instead of just testing
- whether the pushed_string_list is not-empty before popping it, don't
- pop if if the saved string has flags PSH_SOURCE, indicating that
- parse_and_execute set it before setting bash_input to the string.
- We should continue reading to the end of that string before popping
- back to a potential alias. Partial solution for the problem of aliases
- with embedded newlines containing `.' commands being executed out of
- order reported by Andrew Martin <andrew.martin@gmail.com>
- - shell_getc: when yy_getc returns '\0' and there is a saved string of
- type PSH_SOURCE, restart the read without popping the string stack
- if we have not read to the end of bash_input.location.string. Rest
- of fix for out-of-order execution problem
-
-externs.h
- - parser_expanding_alias, parser_save_alias, parser_restore_alias: new
- extern function declarations
-
-builtins/evalstring.c
- - pe_prologue: if the parser is expanding an alias, make sure to add
- an unwind-protect to restore the alias; undoes the work that will be
- performed by parse_and_execute/parse_string
- - parse_and_execute,parse_string: after calling push_stream to save
- bash_input, check whether or not the parser is currently expanding
- an alias (parser_expanding_alias() != 0). If it is, we want to save
- that string in the pushed_string_list, which we do with
- parser_save_alias.
-
- 12/23
- -----
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_for_command: make sure to set line_number before expanding
- the word list, so expansion errors have the right line number.
- From a report from Ben Okopnik <ben@okopnik.com>
-
-expr.c
- - exp2: save token pointer before calling readtok(), arrange to use
- saved token pointer when printing error token on a division by 0
- error
-
- 12/27
- -----
-lib/readline/display.c
- - rl_redisplay: when calculating effects of invisible characters in a
- prompt that is split across physical screen lines to set the indices
- of linebreaks, don't bother testing local_prompt_prefix (line 751).
- That prefix doesn't matter when calculating prompt visible and
- invisible characters. Fixes problem reported by Jinesh Choksi
- <jinesh@onelittlehope.com>
-
-Makefile.in
- - install: make sure to use $(DESTDIR) when installing OTHER_DOCS.
- Report and fix from Matthias Klose <doko@debian.org>
-
-doc/texinfo.tex
- - updated to version of 2013-09-11
-
- 12/28
- -----
-lib/readline/undo.c
- - rl_do_undo: if we are undoing from a history entry (rl_undo_list ==
- current_history()->data), make sure the change to rl_line_buffer is
- reflected in the history entry. We use the guts of
- rl_maybe_replace_line to do the work. Fixes problem reported by
- gregrwm <backuppc-users@whitleymott.net>
-
- 12/30
- -----
-sig.c
- - sigint_sighandler: if we get a SIGINT (and this signal handler is
- installed) while the wait builtin is running, note that we received
- it in the same way as jobs.c:wait_sigint_handler and return. The
- various wait_for functions will look for that with CHECK_WAIT_INTR.
- This fixes the wait builtin not being interruptible in an interactive
- job control shell
-
- 12/31
- -----
-trap.c
- - set_signal_hard_ignored: rename set_signal_ignored to this, since it
- both sets original_signals[sig] and sets the HARD_IGNORE flag
- - set_signal_ignored: new function, now just sets original_signals[sig]
-
-trap.h
- - set_signal_hard_ignored: new external declaration
-
-sig.c
- - initialize_terminating_signals: call set_signal_hard_ignored instead
- of set_signal_ignored for signals with disposition SIG_IGN when the
- shell starts
-
-execute_cmd.c
- - setup_async_signals: make sure we get the original dispositions for
- SIGINT and SIGQUIT before starting the subshell, and don't call
- set_signal_ignored because that sets original_signals[sig]. If we
- don't, subsequent attempts to reset handling using trap will fail
- because it thinks the original dispositions were SIG_IGN. Posix
- interpretation 751 (http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=751)
-
- 1/2/2014
- --------
-lib/sh/stringvec.c
- - strvec_mcreate, strvec_mresize: versions of create and resize that
- use malloc and realloc, respectively, instead of xmalloc/xrealloc
-
-braces.c
- - expand_amble,mkseq: use strvec_mcreate/strvec_mresize so we can
- catch and handle memory allocation failures instead of aborting
- with the xmalloc/xrealloc interface
-
-lib/sh/strdup.c
- - strdup replacement function for ancient systems that don't have it
-
-lib/sh/itos.c
- - mitos: new function, itos that uses strdup instead of savestring
-
-externs.h
- - strvec_mcreate/strvec_mresize: new extern declarations
- - mitos: new extern declaration
-
-configure.ac
- - bash version moved to 4.3-rc2
-
- 1/6
- ---
-doc/bash.1,lib/readline/doc/{rluser.texi,readline.3}
- - separate the description of what happens when readline reads the
- tty EOF character from the description of delete-char, leaving a
- note in the delete-char description about common binding for ^D.
- From suggestion by Parke <parke.nexus@gmail.com>
-
-lib/readline/doc/{version.texi,history.3,*.texi}
- - updated email addresses and copyright dates
-
- 1/7
- ---
-variables.c
- - delete_var: new function, just removes a variable from a hash table
- and frees it, without doing anything else
- - make_variable_value: if we are trying to assign to a nameref variable,
- return NULL if the value is null or the empty string or not a valid
- identifier
-
-variables.h
- - delete_var: new extern declaration
-
-subst.h
- - ASS_NAMEREF: new define for assignments, means assigning to a nameref
- variable
-
-builtins/declare.def
- - declare_internal: if we are creating and assigning to a nameref
- variable, make sure the value is a valid variable name (checks done
- by make_variable_value via bind_variable_value) and display an
- error message, deleting the variable we just created, if it is not.
- Fixes bug reported by Peggy Russell <prusselltechgroup@gmail.com>
-
- 1/9
- ---
-builtins/declare.def
- - declare_internal: turning on nameref attribute for an existing
- variable turns off -i/-l/-u/-c attributes (essentially the ones
- that cause evaluation at assignment time) for ksh93 compat
-
-builtins/setattr.def
- - show_name_attributes: if asked to display attributes and values for
- a nameref variable, don't follow the nameref chain to the end. More
- ksh93 compat
-
- 1/10
- ----
-trap.c
- - _run_trap_internal: use {save,restore}_parser_state instead of
- {save,restore}_token_state, like in run_pending_traps(); don't
- need to save and restore last_command_exit_value as a result
- - _run_trap_internal: call {save,restore}_pipeline like in
- run_pending_traps()
- - run_pending_traps: since we no longer run traps in a signal handler
- context, do not block and unblock the trapped signal while the
- trap is executing
- - run_pending_traps: allow recursive invocations (basically, running
- traps from a trap handler) with only a warning if the shell is
- compiled in debug mode. If a caller doesn't want this to happen,
- it should test running_trap > 0. signal_in_progress (sig) only works
- for the signals the shell handles specially
-
-bashline.c
- - bash_event_hook: make sure we clean up readline if interrupt_state
- is set, not only when SIGINT is not trapped. check_signals_and_traps
- will call check_signals, which calls QUIT, which will longjmp back
- to top_level, running the interrupt trap along the way. Fixes the
- problem of signal handlers being reset out from under readline, and
- not being set properly the next time readline is called, because
- signals_set_flag is still set to 1. XXX - might need to do this
- for other signals too?
-
- 1/11
- ----
-subst.h
- - SD_GLOB: new define for skip_to_delim; means we are scanning a
- glob pattern.
-
-subst.c
- - skip_to_delim: if flags include SD_GLOB, assume we are scanning a
- glob pattern. Currently only used to skip bracket expressions
- which may contain one of the delimiters
-
- 1/12
- ----
-subst.c
- - parameter_brace_expand: when expanding $@ as part of substring
- expansion, pattern substitution, or case modification, don't turn
- on the QUOTED_NULL flag. The code that constructs the word to be
- returned from expand_word_internal expects a different code path
- when $@ is being expanded. Fixes bug reported by Theodoros
- V. Kalamatianos <thkala@gmail.com>
-
- 1/19
- ----
-subst.c
- - list_dequote_escapes: new function; analogue of list_quote_escapes
-
-pathexp.c
- - quote_string_for_globbing: fix case where unescaped ^A is last char
- in string; need to pass it through unaltered instead of turning it
- into a bare backslash
- - quote_string_for_globbing: when quoting for regexp matching in [[,
- don't treat backslash as a quote character; quote the backslash as
- any other character. Part of investigation into reports from
- Eduardo A. Bustamante López <dualbus@gmail.com>
-
- 1/25
- ----
-builtins/gen-helpfiles.c
- - write_helpfiles: add prototype
- - make sure to #undef xmalloc/xfree/xrealloc/free if USING_BASH_MALLOC
- is defined. the code does not use them, and we don't link against
- xmalloc.o. Report from Linda Walsh <bash@tlinx.org>
-
-Makefile.in
- - variables.o: add dependency on builtins/builtext.h; helps with
- parallel builds. Report from Linda Walsh <bash@tlinx.org>
-
-support/shobj-conf
- - darwin: combine the stanzas into one that will not require them to
- be updated on each Mac OS X release. Report and fix from Max Horn
- <max@quendi.de>
-
- 1/27
- ----
-support/shobj-conf
- - darwin: changed the install_name embedded into the shared library
- to contain only the major version number, not the minor one. The
- idea is that the minor versions should all be API/ABI compatible,
- and it is better to link automatically with the latest one. Idea
- from Max Horn <max@quendi.de>
-
- 1/29
- ----
-[bash-4.3-rc2 released]
-
- 1/30
- ----
-lib/readline/readline.h
- - rl_clear_history, rl_free_keymap: add extern declarations. Report
- from Hiroo Hayashi <hiroo.hayashi@computer.org>
-
-general.c
- - include trap.h for any_signals_trapped() prototype
-
-lib/sh/unicode.c
- - include <stdio.h> for sprintf prototype
-
- 1/31
- ----
-execute_cmd.c
- - execute_simple_command: only posix-mode shells should exit on an
- assignment failure in the temporary environment preceding a special
- builtin. This is what the documentation and code comments have
- always said
- - execute_simple_command: make sure redirection errors, word expansion
- errors, and assignment errors to Posix special builtins cause a
- non-interactive posix mode shell to exit. Previously the shell
- would not exit if the failed special builtin was on the LHS of ||
- or &&
-
-pathexp.c
- - quote_string_for_globbing: when quoting a regular expression
- (QGLOB_REGEXP), allow an unquoted backslash to pass through
- unaltered. Don't use it as a quote character or quote it. More
- investigation from 1/24 and report by Mike Frysinger
- <vapier@gentoo.org>
- - quote_string_for_globbing: when quoting a regular expression
- (QGLOB_REGEXP), turn CTLESC CTLESC into CTLESC without adding a
- backslash to quote it. We should not have to quote it because it is
- not a character special to EREs. More investigation from 1/24
-
-lib/glob/glob.c
- - glob_testdir: now takes a second flags argument (currently unused);
- changed prototype and callers
-
- 2/1
- ---
-lib/glob/glob.c
- - glob_testdir: if flags argument includes GX_ALLDIRS (globstar), use
- lstat so we skip symlinks when traversing the directory tree.
- Originally reported by Chris Down <chris@chrisdown.name>
-
- 2/2
- ---
-lib/readline/undo.c
- - rl_do_undo: make sure CUR is non-zero before dereferencing it to
- check cur->data against rl_undo_list. Report and fix from
- Andreas Schwab <schwab@linux-m68k.org>
-
-doc/{bash.1,bashref.texi}
- - added slight clarifying language to the description of $*,
- describing what happens when the expansion is not within double
- quotes
-
- 2/4
- ---
-test.c
- - unary_test: add code to -v case so that it interprets `bare' array
- references (foo[1]) and returns true if that index has a value
-
- 2/5
- ---
-trap.c
- - restore_default_signal: fix SIGCHLD special case for SIG_TRAPPED flag
- off but SIG_INPROGRESS mode set and handler IMPOSSIBLE_TRAP_HANDLER;
- continue with resetting handler in this case. maybe_set_sigchld_trap
- will check these things before resetting sigchld trap from
- run_sigchld_trap. Fixes (apparently long-standing?) problem reported
- by Alexandru Damian <alexandru.damian@intel.com>
-
- 2/6
- ---
-lib/sh/strtrans.c
- - ansic_quote: fixed a bug when copying a printable character that
- consumes more than one byte; byte counter was not being incremented.
- Bug report from jidanni@jidanni.org
-
- 2/7
- ---
-input.c
- - getc_with_restart: if read(2) returns -1/EINTR and interrupt_state or
- terminating_signal is set (which means QUIT; will longjmp out of this
- function), make sure the local buffer variables are zeroed out to
- avoid reading past the end of the buffer on the next call. Bug report
- from Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
-
- 2/9
- ---
-bashline.c
- - command_word_completion_function: if a directory in $PATH contains
- quote characters, we need to quote them before passing the candidate
- path to rl_filename_completion_function, which performs dequoting on
- the pathname it's passed. Fixes bug reported by Ilyushkin Nikita
- <ilyushkeane@gmail.com>
-
- 2/11
- ----
-parse.y
- - xparse_dolparen: save and restore shell_eof_token around call to
- parse_string, intead of just leaving it set to ')'
- - shell_getc: when -v is set, only print the command line when
- shell_eof_token is 0, so we don't print it multiple times when
- recursively entering the parser to parse $(...) commands. Fixes
- bug reported by Greg Wooledge <wooledg@eeg.ccf.org>
-
-[changed release status to 4.3-release]
-
- 2/13
- ----
-lib/sh/strtrans.c
- - ansic_quote: handle case where mbrtowc reports that the multibyte
- sequence is incomplete or invalid. Fixes bug reported by
- Eduardo A. Bustamante López <dualbus@gmail.com>
-
- 2/14
- ----
-variables.c
- - find_variable_nameref_context: fix a problem that caused the loop
- to go one context too close to the global context. In some cases,
- simple variable assignment would set a variable in the global
- context instead of a local context. Bug report from
- Geir Hauge <geir.hauge@gmail.com>
-
- 2/26
- ----
-[bash-4.3 released]
-
- 2/27
- ----
-aclocal.m4
- - broken wcwidth check: fix typo reported by David Michael
- <fedora.dm0@gmail.com>
-
- 2/28
- ----
-support/bashbug.sh
- - add ${BUGADDR} to error message printed if sending mail fails
-
-trap.c
- - _run_trap_internal: don't call {save,restore}_pipeline if running
- DEBUG trap; run_debug_trap calls them itself. Fixes bug reported
- by Moe Tunes <moetunes42@gmail.com>
+++ /dev/null
-Starting bash with the `--posix' command-line option or executing
-`set -o posix' while bash is running will cause bash to conform more
-closely to the Posix.2 standard by changing the behavior to match that
-specified by Posix.2 in areas where the bash default differs.
-
-The following list is what's changed when `posix mode' is in effect:
-
-1. When a command in the hash table no longer exists, bash will re-search
- $PATH to find the new location. This is also available with
- `shopt -s checkhash'.
-
-2. The >& redirection does not redirect stdout and stderr.
-
-3. The message printed by the job control code and builtins when a job
- exits with a non-zero status is `Done(status)'.
-
-4. Reserved words may not be aliased.
-
-5. The Posix.2 PS1 and PS2 expansions of `!' -> history number and
- `!!' -> `!' are enabled, and parameter expansion is performed on
- the value regardless of the setting of the `promptvars' option.
-
-6. Interactive comments are enabled by default. (Note that bash has
- them on by default anyway.)
-
-7. The Posix.2 startup files are executed ($ENV) rather than the normal
- bash files.
-
-8. Tilde expansion is only performed on assignments preceding a command
- name, rather than on all assignment statements on the line.
-
-9. The default history file is ~/.sh_history (default value of $HISTFILE).
-
-10. The output of `kill -l' prints all the signal names on a single line,
- separated by spaces.
-
-11. Non-interactive shells exit if `file' in `. file' is not found.
-
-12. Redirection operators do not perform pathname expansion on the word
- in the redirection unless the shell is interactive
-
-13. Function names must be valid shell identifiers. That is, they may not
- contain characters other than letters, digits, and underscores, and
- may not start with a digit. Declaring a function with an illegal name
- causes a fatal syntax error in non-interactive shells.
-
-14. Posix.2 `special' builtins are found before shell functions during command
- lookup.
-
-15. If a Posix.2 special builtin returns an error status, a non-interactive
- shell exits. The fatal errors are those listed in the POSIX.2 standard,
- and include things like passing incorrect options, redirection errors,
- variable assignment errors for assignments preceding the command name,
- and so on.
-
-16. The environment passed to executed commands is not sorted. Neither is
- the output of `set'. This is not strictly Posix.2 behavior, but sh
- does it this way. Ksh does not. It's not necessary to sort the
- environment; no program should rely on it being sorted.
-
-17. If the `cd' builtin finds a directory to change to using $CDPATH, the
- value it assigns to $PWD does not contain any symbolic links, as if
- `cd -P' had been executed.
-
-18. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable
- assignment error occurs when no command name follows the assignment
- statements. A variable assignment error occurs, for example, when
- trying to assign a value to a read-only variable.
-
-19. A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if the iteration
- variable in a for statement or the selection variable in a select
- statement is a read-only variable.
-
-20. Process substitution is not available.
-
-21. Assignment statements preceding POSIX.2 `special' builtins persist in
- the shell environment after the builtin completes.
-
-There is other Posix.2 behavior that bash does not implement. Specifically:
-
-1. Assignment statements affect the execution environment of all builtins,
- not just special ones.
+++ /dev/null
-This file is set.def, from which is created set.c.
-It implements the "set" and "unset" builtins in Bash.
-
-Copyright (C) 1987, 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
-
-Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
-the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
-Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at your option) any later
-version.
-
-Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
-WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
-for more details.
-
-You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
-with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
-Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
-
-$PRODUCES set.c
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include "../shell.h"
-#include "../flags.h"
-
-#include "bashgetopt.h"
-
-extern int interactive;
-extern int noclobber, posixly_correct;
-#if defined (READLINE)
-extern int rl_editing_mode, no_line_editing;
-#endif /* READLINE */
-
-$BUILTIN set
-$FUNCTION set_builtin
-$SHORT_DOC set [--abefhkmnptuvxldBCHP] [-o option] [arg ...]
- -a Mark variables which are modified or created for export.
- -b Notify of job termination immediately.
- -e Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status.
- -f Disable file name generation (globbing).
- -h Locate and remember function commands as functions are
- defined. Function commands are normally looked up when
- the function is executed.
- -i Force the shell to be an "interactive" one. Interactive shells
- always read `~/.bashrc' on startup.
- -k All keyword arguments are placed in the environment for a
- command, not just those that precede the command name.
- -m Job control is enabled.
- -n Read commands but do not execute them.
- -o option-name
- Set the variable corresponding to option-name:
- allexport same as -a
- braceexpand same as -B
-#if defined (READLINE)
- emacs use an emacs-style line editing interface
-#endif /* READLINE */
- errexit same as -e
- histexpand same as -H
- ignoreeof the shell will not exit upon reading EOF
- interactive-comments
- allow comments to appear in interactive commands
- monitor same as -m
- noclobber disallow redirection to existing files
- noexec same as -n
- noglob same as -f
- nohash same as -d
- notify save as -b
- nounset same as -u
- physical same as -P
- posix change the behavior of bash where the default
- operation differs from the 1003.2 standard to
- match the standard
- privileged same as -p
- verbose same as -v
-#if defined (READLINE)
- vi use a vi-style line editing interface
-#endif /* READLINE */
- xtrace same as -x
- -p Turned on whenever the real and effective user ids do not match.
- Disables processing of the $ENV file and importing of shell
- functions. Turning this option off causes the effective uid and
- gid to be set to the real uid and gid.
- -t Exit after reading and executing one command.
- -u Treat unset variables as an error when substituting.
- -v Print shell input lines as they are read.
- -x Print commands and their arguments as they are executed.
- -l Save and restore the binding of the NAME in a FOR command.
- -d Disable the hashing of commands that are looked up for execution.
- Normally, commands are remembered in a hash table, and once
- found, do not have to be looked up again.
-#if defined (BRACE_EXPANSION)
- -B the shell will perform brace expansion
-#endif /* BRACE_EXPANSION */
-#if defined (BANG_HISTORY)
- -H Enable ! style history substitution. This flag is on
- by default.
-#endif /* BANG_HISTORY */
- -C If set, disallow existing regular files to be overwritten
- by redirection of output.
- -P If set, do not follow symbolic links when executing commands
- such as cd which change the current directory.
-
-Using + rather than - causes these flags to be turned off. The
-flags can also be used upon invocation of the shell. The current
-set of flags may be found in $-. The remaining n ARGs are positional
-parameters and are assigned, in order, to $1, $2, .. $n. If no
-ARGs are given, all shell variables are printed.
-$END
-
-/* An a-list used to match long options for set -o to the corresponding
- option letter. */
-struct {
- char *name;
- int letter;
-} o_options[] = {
- { "allexport", 'a' },
-#if defined (BRACE_EXPANSION)
- { "braceexpand",'B' },
-#endif
- { "errexit", 'e' },
- { "histexpand", 'H' },
- { "monitor", 'm' },
- { "noexec", 'n' },
- { "noglob", 'f' },
- { "nohash", 'd' },
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- { "notify", 'b' },
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
- {"nounset", 'u' },
- {"physical", 'P' },
- {"privileged", 'p' },
- {"verbose", 'v' },
- {"xtrace", 'x' },
- {(char *)NULL, 0},
-};
-
-#define MINUS_O_FORMAT "%-15s\t%s\n"
-
-void
-list_minus_o_opts ()
-{
- register int i;
- char *on = "on", *off = "off";
-
- printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "noclobber", (noclobber == 1) ? on : off);
-
- if (find_variable ("ignoreeof") || find_variable ("IGNOREEOF"))
- printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "ignoreeof", on);
- else
- printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "ignoreeof", off);
-
- printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "interactive-comments",
- interactive_comments ? on : off);
-
- printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "posix", posixly_correct ? on : off);
-
-#if defined (READLINE)
- if (no_line_editing)
- {
- printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "emacs", off);
- printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "vi", off);
- }
- else
- {
- /* Magic. This code `knows' how readline handles rl_editing_mode. */
- printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "emacs", (rl_editing_mode == 1) ? on : off);
- printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, "vi", (rl_editing_mode == 0) ? on : off);
- }
-#endif /* READLINE */
-
- for (i = 0; o_options[i].name; i++)
- {
- int *on_or_off, zero = 0;
-
- on_or_off = find_flag (o_options[i].letter);
- if (on_or_off == FLAG_UNKNOWN)
- on_or_off = &zero;
- printf (MINUS_O_FORMAT, o_options[i].name, (*on_or_off == 1) ? on : off);
- }
-}
-
-set_minus_o_option (on_or_off, option_name)
- int on_or_off;
- char *option_name;
-{
- int option_char = -1;
-
- if (STREQ (option_name, "noclobber"))
- {
- if (on_or_off == FLAG_ON)
- bind_variable ("noclobber", "");
- else
- unbind_variable ("noclobber");
- stupidly_hack_special_variables ("noclobber");
- }
- else if (STREQ (option_name, "ignoreeof"))
- {
- unbind_variable ("ignoreeof");
- unbind_variable ("IGNOREEOF");
- if (on_or_off == FLAG_ON)
- bind_variable ("IGNOREEOF", "10");
- stupidly_hack_special_variables ("IGNOREEOF");
- }
-
-#if defined (READLINE)
- else if ((STREQ (option_name, "emacs")) || (STREQ (option_name, "vi")))
- {
- if (on_or_off == FLAG_ON)
- {
- rl_variable_bind ("editing-mode", option_name);
-
- if (interactive)
- with_input_from_stdin ();
- no_line_editing = 0;
- }
- else
- {
- int isemacs = (rl_editing_mode == 1);
- if ((isemacs && STREQ (option_name, "emacs")) ||
- (!isemacs && STREQ (option_name, "vi")))
- {
- if (interactive)
- with_input_from_stream (stdin, "stdin");
- no_line_editing = 1;
- }
- else
- builtin_error ("not in %s editing mode", option_name);
- }
- }
-#endif /* READLINE */
- else if (STREQ (option_name, "interactive-comments"))
- interactive_comments = (on_or_off == FLAG_ON);
- else if (STREQ (option_name, "posix"))
- {
- posixly_correct = (on_or_off == FLAG_ON);
- unbind_variable ("POSIXLY_CORRECT");
- unbind_variable ("POSIX_PEDANTIC");
- if (on_or_off == FLAG_ON)
- {
- bind_variable ("POSIXLY_CORRECT", "");
- stupidly_hack_special_variables ("POSIXLY_CORRECT");
- }
- }
- else
- {
- register int i;
- for (i = 0; o_options[i].name; i++)
- {
- if (STREQ (option_name, o_options[i].name))
- {
- option_char = o_options[i].letter;
- break;
- }
- }
- if (option_char == -1)
- {
- builtin_error ("%s: unknown option name", option_name);
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
- if (change_flag (option_char, on_or_off) == FLAG_ERROR)
- {
- bad_option (option_name);
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
- }
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
-}
-
-/* Set some flags from the word values in the input list. If LIST is empty,
- then print out the values of the variables instead. If LIST contains
- non-flags, then set $1 - $9 to the successive words of LIST. */
-set_builtin (list)
- WORD_LIST *list;
-{
- int on_or_off, flag_name, force_assignment = 0;
-
- if (!list)
- {
- SHELL_VAR **vars;
-
- vars = all_shell_variables ();
- if (vars)
- {
- print_var_list (vars);
- free (vars);
- }
-
- vars = all_shell_functions ();
- if (vars)
- {
- print_var_list (vars);
- free (vars);
- }
-
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
- }
-
- /* Check validity of flag arguments. */
- if (*list->word->word == '-' || *list->word->word == '+')
- {
- register char *arg;
- WORD_LIST *save_list = list;
-
- while (list && (arg = list->word->word))
- {
- char c;
-
- if (arg[0] != '-' && arg[0] != '+')
- break;
-
- /* `-' or `--' signifies end of flag arguments. */
- if (arg[0] == '-' &&
- (!arg[1] || (arg[1] == '-' && !arg[2])))
- break;
-
- while (c = *++arg)
- {
- if (find_flag (c) == FLAG_UNKNOWN && c != 'o')
- {
- char s[2];
- s[0] = c; s[1] = '\0';
- bad_option (s);
- if (c == '?')
- builtin_usage ();
- return (c == '?' ? EXECUTION_SUCCESS : EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
- }
- list = list->next;
- }
- list = save_list;
- }
-
- /* Do the set command. While the list consists of words starting with
- '-' or '+' treat them as flags, otherwise, start assigning them to
- $1 ... $n. */
- while (list)
- {
- char *string = list->word->word;
-
- /* If the argument is `--' or `-' then signal the end of the list
- and remember the remaining arguments. */
- if (string[0] == '-' && (!string[1] || (string[1] == '-' && !string[2])))
- {
- list = list->next;
-
- /* `set --' unsets the positional parameters. */
- if (string[1] == '-')
- force_assignment = 1;
-
- /* Until told differently, the old shell behaviour of
- `set - [arg ...]' being equivalent to `set +xv [arg ...]'
- stands. Posix.2 says the behaviour is marked as obsolescent. */
- else
- {
- change_flag ('x', '+');
- change_flag ('v', '+');
- }
-
- break;
- }
-
- if ((on_or_off = *string) &&
- (on_or_off == '-' || on_or_off == '+'))
- {
- int i = 1;
- while (flag_name = string[i++])
- {
- if (flag_name == '?')
- {
- builtin_usage ();
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
- }
- else if (flag_name == 'o') /* -+o option-name */
- {
- char *option_name;
- WORD_LIST *opt;
-
- opt = list->next;
-
- if (!opt)
- {
- list_minus_o_opts ();
- continue;
- }
-
- option_name = opt->word->word;
-
- if (!option_name || !*option_name || (*option_name == '-'))
- {
- list_minus_o_opts ();
- continue;
- }
- list = list->next; /* Skip over option name. */
-
- if (set_minus_o_option (on_or_off, option_name) != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
- else
- {
- if (change_flag (flag_name, on_or_off) == FLAG_ERROR)
- {
- char opt[3];
- opt[0] = on_or_off;
- opt[1] = flag_name;
- opt[2] = '\0';
- bad_option (opt);
- builtin_usage ();
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
- }
- }
- }
- else
- {
- break;
- }
- list = list->next;
- }
-
- /* Assigning $1 ... $n */
- if (list || force_assignment)
- remember_args (list, 1);
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
-}
-
-$BUILTIN unset
-$FUNCTION unset_builtin
-$SHORT_DOC unset [-f] [-v] [name ...]
-For each NAME, remove the corresponding variable or function. Given
-the `-v', unset will only act on variables. Given the `-f' flag,
-unset will only act on functions. With neither flag, unset first
-tries to unset a variable, and if that fails, then tries to unset a
-function. Some variables (such as PATH and IFS) cannot be unset; also
-see readonly.
-$END
-
-#define NEXT_VARIABLE() any_failed++; list = list->next; continue;
-
-unset_builtin (list)
- WORD_LIST *list;
-{
- int unset_function, unset_variable, unset_array, opt, any_failed;
- char *name;
-
- unset_function = unset_variable = unset_array = any_failed = 0;
-
- reset_internal_getopt ();
- while ((opt = internal_getopt (list, "fv")) != -1)
- {
- switch (opt)
- {
- case 'f':
- unset_function = 1;
- break;
- case 'v':
- unset_variable = 1;
- break;
- default:
- builtin_usage ();
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
- }
-
- list = loptend;
-
- if (unset_function && unset_variable)
- {
- builtin_error ("cannot simultaneously unset a function and a variable");
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
-
- while (list)
- {
- SHELL_VAR *var;
- int tem;
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- char *t;
-#endif
-
- name = list->word->word;
-
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- if (!unset_function && valid_array_reference (name))
- {
- t = strchr (name, '[');
- *t++ = '\0';
- unset_array++;
- }
-#endif
-
- var = unset_function ? find_function (name) : find_variable (name);
-
- if (var && !unset_function && non_unsettable_p (var))
- {
- builtin_error ("%s: cannot unset", name);
- NEXT_VARIABLE ();
- }
-
- /* Posix.2 says that unsetting readonly variables is an error. */
- if (var && readonly_p (var))
- {
- builtin_error ("%s: cannot unset: readonly %s",
- name, unset_function ? "function" : "variable");
- NEXT_VARIABLE ();
- }
-
- /* Unless the -f option is supplied, the name refers to a variable. */
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- if (var && unset_array)
- {
- if (array_p (var) == 0)
- {
- builtin_error ("%s: not an array variable", name);
- NEXT_VARIABLE ();
- }
- else
- tem = unbind_array_element (var, t);
- }
- else
-#endif /* ARRAY_VARS */
- tem = makunbound (name, unset_function ? shell_functions : shell_variables);
-
- /* This is what Posix.2 draft 11+ says. ``If neither -f nor -v
- is specified, the name refers to a variable; if a variable by
- that name does not exist, a function by that name, if any,
- shall be unset.'' */
- if ((tem == -1) && !unset_function && !unset_variable)
- tem = makunbound (name, shell_functions);
-
- if (tem == -1)
- any_failed++;
- else if (!unset_function)
- stupidly_hack_special_variables (name);
-
- list = list->next;
- }
-
- if (any_failed)
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- else
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
-}
+++ /dev/null
-/* unwind_prot.h - Macros and functions for hacking unwind protection. */
-
-/* Copyright (C) 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
- This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
-
- Bash is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
- the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
- Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later
- version.
-
- Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
- WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
- for more details.
-
- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
- with Bash; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
- Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
-
-#if !defined (_UNWIND_PROT_H)
-#define _UNWIND_PROT_H
-
-/* Run a function without interrupts. */
-extern void begin_unwind_frame ();
-extern void discard_unwind_frame ();
-extern void run_unwind_frame ();
-extern void add_unwind_protect ();
-extern void remove_unwind_protect ();
-extern void run_unwind_protects ();
-extern void unwind_protect_var ();
-
-/* Define for people who like their code to look a certain way. */
-#define end_unwind_frame()
-
-/* How to protect an integer. */
-#define unwind_protect_int(X) unwind_protect_var (&(X), (char *)(X), sizeof (int))
-
-/* How to protect a pointer to a string. */
-#define unwind_protect_string(X) \
- unwind_protect_var ((int *)&(X), (X), sizeof (char *))
-
-/* How to protect any old pointer. */
-#define unwind_protect_pointer(X) unwind_protect_string (X)
-
-/* How to protect the contents of a jmp_buf. */
-#define unwind_protect_jmp_buf(X) \
- unwind_protect_var ((int *)(X), (char *)(X), sizeof (procenv_t))
-
-#endif /* _UNWIND_PROT_H */
+++ /dev/null
-dnl
-dnl Configure script for bash-4.3
-dnl
-dnl report bugs to chet@po.cwru.edu
-dnl
-dnl Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.
-
-# Copyright (C) 1987-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-AC_REVISION([for Bash 4.3, version 4.063])dnl
-
-define(bashvers, 4.3)
-define(relstatus, release)
-
-AC_INIT([bash], bashvers-relstatus, [bug-bash@gnu.org])
-
-dnl make sure we are using a recent autoconf version
-AC_PREREQ(2.61)
-
-AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR(shell.h)
-dnl where to find install.sh, config.sub, and config.guess
-AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR(./support)
-AC_CONFIG_HEADERS(config.h)
-
-dnl checks for version info
-BASHVERS=bashvers
-RELSTATUS=relstatus
-
-dnl defaults for debug settings
-case "$RELSTATUS" in
-alp*|bet*|dev*|rc*|maint*) DEBUG='-DDEBUG' MALLOC_DEBUG='-DMALLOC_DEBUG' ;;
-*) DEBUG= MALLOC_DEBUG= ;;
-esac
-
-dnl canonicalize the host and os so we can do some tricky things before
-dnl parsing options
-AC_CANONICAL_HOST
-AC_CANONICAL_BUILD
-
-dnl configure defaults
-opt_bash_malloc=yes
-opt_purify=no
-opt_purecov=no
-opt_afs=no
-opt_curses=no
-opt_with_installed_readline=no
-
-#htmldir=
-
-dnl some systems should be configured without the bash malloc by default
-dnl and some need a special compiler or loader
-dnl look in the NOTES file for more
-case "${host_cpu}-${host_os}" in
-alpha*-*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # alpha running osf/1 or linux
-*[[Cc]]ray*-*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # Crays
-*-osf1*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # other osf/1 machines
-sparc-svr4*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # sparc SVR4, SVR4.2
-sparc-netbsd*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # needs 8-byte alignment
-mips-irix6*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # needs 8-byte alignment
-m68k-sysv) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # fixes file descriptor leak in closedir
-sparc-linux*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # sparc running linux; requires ELF
-#*-freebsd*-gnu) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # there's some undetermined problem here
-#*-freebsd*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # they claim it's better; I disagree
-*-openbsd*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # they claim it needs eight-bit alignment
-*-mirbsd*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # they claim it needs eight-bit alignment
-*-aix*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # AIX machines
-*-nextstep*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # NeXT machines running NeXTstep
-*-openstep*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # i386/Sparc/HP machines running Openstep
-*-macos*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # Apple MacOS X
-*-rhapsody*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # Apple Rhapsody (MacOS X)
-*-darwin*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # Apple Darwin (MacOS X)
-*-dgux*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # DG/UX machines
-*-qnx*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # QNX 4.2, QNX 6.x
-*-machten4) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # MachTen 4.x
-*-bsdi2.1|*-bsdi3.?) opt_bash_malloc=no ; : ${CC:=shlicc2} ;; # for loadable builtins
-*-beos*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # they say it's suitable
-*-cygwin*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # Cygnus's CYGWIN environment
-*-opennt*|*-interix*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # Interix, now owned by Microsoft
-*-nsk*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # HP NonStop
-*-haiku*) opt_bash_malloc=no ;; # Haiku OS
-esac
-
-# memory scrambling on free()
-case "${host_os}" in
-sco3.2v5*|sco3.2v4*) opt_memscramble=no ;;
-*) opt_memscramble=yes ;;
-esac
-
-dnl
-dnl macros for the bash debugger
-dnl
-dnl AM_PATH_LISPDIR
-AC_ARG_VAR(DEBUGGER_START_FILE, [location of bash debugger initialization file])
-
-dnl arguments to configure
-dnl packages
-AC_ARG_WITH(afs, AC_HELP_STRING([--with-afs], [if you are running AFS]), opt_afs=$withval)
-AC_ARG_WITH(bash-malloc, AC_HELP_STRING([--with-bash-malloc], [use the Bash version of malloc]), opt_bash_malloc=$withval)
-AC_ARG_WITH(curses, AC_HELP_STRING([--with-curses], [use the curses library instead of the termcap library]), opt_curses=$withval)
-AC_ARG_WITH(gnu-malloc, AC_HELP_STRING([--with-gnu-malloc], [synonym for --with-bash-malloc]), opt_bash_malloc=$withval)
-AC_ARG_WITH(installed-readline, AC_HELP_STRING([--with-installed-readline], [use a version of the readline library that is already installed]), opt_with_installed_readline=$withval)
-AC_ARG_WITH(purecov, AC_HELP_STRING([--with-purecov], [configure to postprocess with pure coverage]), opt_purecov=$withval)
-AC_ARG_WITH(purify, AC_HELP_STRING([--with-purify], [configure to postprocess with purify]), opt_purify=$withval)
-
-if test "$opt_bash_malloc" = yes; then
- MALLOC_TARGET=malloc
- MALLOC_SRC=malloc.c
-
- MALLOC_LIB='-lmalloc'
- MALLOC_LIBRARY='$(ALLOC_LIBDIR)/libmalloc.a'
- MALLOC_LDFLAGS='-L$(ALLOC_LIBDIR)'
- MALLOC_DEP='$(MALLOC_LIBRARY)'
-
- AC_DEFINE(USING_BASH_MALLOC)
-else
- MALLOC_LIB=
- MALLOC_LIBRARY=
- MALLOC_LDFLAGS=
- MALLOC_DEP=
-fi
-
-if test "$opt_purify" = yes; then
- PURIFY="purify "
- AC_DEFINE(DISABLE_MALLOC_WRAPPERS)
-else
- PURIFY=
-fi
-
-if test "$opt_purecov" = yes; then
- PURIFY="${PURIFY}purecov"
-fi
-
-if test "$opt_afs" = yes; then
- AC_DEFINE(AFS)
-fi
-
-if test "$opt_curses" = yes; then
- prefer_curses=yes
-fi
-
-if test -z "${DEBUGGER_START_FILE}"; then
- DEBUGGER_START_FILE='${datadir}/bashdb/bashdb-main.inc'
-fi
-
-dnl optional shell features in config.h.in
-opt_minimal_config=no
-
-opt_job_control=yes
-opt_alias=yes
-opt_readline=yes
-opt_history=yes
-opt_bang_history=yes
-opt_dirstack=yes
-opt_restricted=yes
-opt_process_subst=yes
-opt_prompt_decoding=yes
-opt_select=yes
-opt_help=yes
-opt_array_variables=yes
-opt_dparen_arith=yes
-opt_extended_glob=yes
-opt_brace_expansion=yes
-opt_disabled_builtins=no
-opt_command_timing=yes
-opt_xpg_echo=no
-opt_strict_posix=no
-opt_cond_command=yes
-opt_cond_regexp=yes
-opt_coproc=yes
-opt_arith_for_command=yes
-opt_net_redirs=yes
-opt_progcomp=yes
-opt_separate_help=no
-opt_multibyte=yes
-opt_debugger=yes
-opt_single_longdoc_strings=yes
-opt_casemod_attrs=yes
-opt_casemod_expansions=yes
-opt_extglob_default=no
-opt_dircomplete_expand_default=no
-opt_globascii_default=no
-
-dnl options that affect how bash is compiled and linked
-opt_static_link=no
-opt_profiling=no
-
-dnl argument parsing for optional features
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(minimal-config, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-minimal-config], [a minimal sh-like configuration]), opt_minimal_config=$enableval)
-
-dnl a minimal configuration turns everything off, but features can be
-dnl added individually
-if test $opt_minimal_config = yes; then
- opt_job_control=no opt_alias=no opt_readline=no
- opt_history=no opt_bang_history=no opt_dirstack=no
- opt_restricted=no opt_process_subst=no opt_prompt_decoding=no
- opt_select=no opt_help=no opt_array_variables=no opt_dparen_arith=no
- opt_brace_expansion=no opt_disabled_builtins=no opt_command_timing=no
- opt_extended_glob=no opt_cond_command=no opt_arith_for_command=no
- opt_net_redirs=no opt_progcomp=no opt_separate_help=no
- opt_multibyte=yes opt_cond_regexp=no opt_coproc=no
- opt_casemod_attrs=no opt_casemod_expansions=no opt_extglob_default=no
- opt_globascii_default=no
-fi
-
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(alias, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-alias], [enable shell aliases]), opt_alias=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(arith-for-command, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-arith-for-command], [enable arithmetic for command]), opt_arith_for_command=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(array-variables, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-array-variables], [include shell array variables]), opt_array_variables=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(bang-history, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-bang-history], [turn on csh-style history substitution]), opt_bang_history=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(brace-expansion, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-brace-expansion], [include brace expansion]), opt_brace_expansion=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(casemod-attributes, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-casemod-attributes], [include case-modifying variable attributes]), opt_casemod_attrs=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(casemod-expansions, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-casemod-expansions], [include case-modifying word expansions]), opt_casemod_expansions=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(command-timing, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-command-timing], [enable the time reserved word and command timing]), opt_command_timing=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(cond-command, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-cond-command], [enable the conditional command]), opt_cond_command=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(cond-regexp, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-cond-regexp], [enable extended regular expression matching in conditional commands]), opt_cond_regexp=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(coprocesses, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-coprocesses], [enable coprocess support and the coproc reserved word]), opt_coproc=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(debugger, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-debugger], [enable support for bash debugger]), opt_debugger=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(direxpand-default, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-direxpand-default], [enable the direxpand shell option by default]), opt_dircomplete_expand_default=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(directory-stack, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-directory-stack], [enable builtins pushd/popd/dirs]), opt_dirstack=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(disabled-builtins, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-disabled-builtins], [allow disabled builtins to still be invoked]), opt_disabled_builtins=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(dparen-arithmetic, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-dparen-arithmetic], [include ((...)) command]), opt_dparen_arith=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(extended-glob, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-extended-glob], [include ksh-style extended pattern matching]), opt_extended_glob=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(extended-glob-default, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-extended-glob-default], [force extended pattern matching to be enabled by default]), opt_extglob_default=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(glob-asciiranges-default, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-glob-asciiranges-default], [force bracket range expressions in pattern matching to use the C locale by default]), opt_globascii_default=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(help-builtin, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-help-builtin], [include the help builtin]), opt_help=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(history, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-history], [turn on command history]), opt_history=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(job-control, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-job-control], [enable job control features]), opt_job_control=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(multibyte, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-multibyte], [enable multibyte characters if OS supports them]), opt_multibyte=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(net-redirections, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-net-redirections], [enable /dev/tcp/host/port redirection]), opt_net_redirs=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(process-substitution, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-process-substitution], [enable process substitution]), opt_process_subst=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(progcomp, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-progcomp], [enable programmable completion and the complete builtin]), opt_progcomp=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(prompt-string-decoding, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-prompt-string-decoding], [turn on escape character decoding in prompts]), opt_prompt_decoding=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(readline, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-readline], [turn on command line editing]), opt_readline=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(restricted, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-restricted], [enable a restricted shell]), opt_restricted=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(select, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-select], [include select command]), opt_select=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(separate-helpfiles, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-separate-helpfiles], [use external files for help builtin documentation]), opt_separate_help=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(single-help-strings, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-single-help-strings], [store help documentation as a single string to ease translation]), opt_single_longdoc_strings=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(strict-posix-default, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-strict-posix-default], [configure bash to be posix-conformant by default]), opt_strict_posix=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(usg-echo-default, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-usg-echo-default], [a synonym for --enable-xpg-echo-default]), opt_xpg_echo=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(xpg-echo-default, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-xpg-echo-default], [make the echo builtin expand escape sequences by default]), opt_xpg_echo=$enableval)
-
-dnl options that alter how bash is compiled and linked
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(mem-scramble, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-mem-scramble], [scramble memory on calls to malloc and free]), opt_memscramble=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(profiling, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-profiling], [allow profiling with gprof]), opt_profiling=$enableval)
-AC_ARG_ENABLE(static-link, AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-static-link], [link bash statically, for use as a root shell]), opt_static_link=$enableval)
-
-dnl So-called `precious' variables
-AC_ARG_VAR([CC_FOR_BUILD], [C compiler used when compiling binaries used only at build time])
-AC_ARG_VAR([CFLAGS_FOR_BUILD], [Compliation options (CFLAGS) used when compiling binaries used only at build time])
-AC_ARG_VAR([LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD], [Linker options (LDFLAGS) used when compiling binaries used only at build time])
-AC_ARG_VAR([CPPFLAGS_FOR_BUILD], [C preprocessor options (CPPFLAGS) used when compiling binaries used only at build time])
-
-dnl opt_job_control is handled later, after BASH_JOB_CONTROL_MISSING runs
-
-dnl opt_readline and opt_history are handled later, because AC_PROG_CC needs
-dnl to be run before we can check the version of an already-installed readline
-dnl library
-
-if test $opt_alias = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(ALIAS)
-fi
-if test $opt_dirstack = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(PUSHD_AND_POPD)
-fi
-if test $opt_restricted = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(RESTRICTED_SHELL)
-fi
-if test $opt_process_subst = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
-fi
-if test $opt_prompt_decoding = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(PROMPT_STRING_DECODE)
-fi
-if test $opt_select = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(SELECT_COMMAND)
-fi
-if test $opt_help = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(HELP_BUILTIN)
-fi
-if test $opt_array_variables = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(ARRAY_VARS)
-fi
-if test $opt_dparen_arith = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
-fi
-if test $opt_brace_expansion = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(BRACE_EXPANSION)
-fi
-if test $opt_disabled_builtins = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(DISABLED_BUILTINS)
-fi
-if test $opt_command_timing = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(COMMAND_TIMING)
-fi
-if test $opt_xpg_echo = yes ; then
-AC_DEFINE(DEFAULT_ECHO_TO_XPG)
-fi
-if test $opt_strict_posix = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(STRICT_POSIX)
-fi
-if test $opt_extended_glob = yes ; then
-AC_DEFINE(EXTENDED_GLOB)
-fi
-if test $opt_extglob_default = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(EXTGLOB_DEFAULT, 1)
-else
-AC_DEFINE(EXTGLOB_DEFAULT, 0)
-fi
-if test $opt_cond_command = yes ; then
-AC_DEFINE(COND_COMMAND)
-fi
-if test $opt_cond_regexp = yes ; then
-AC_DEFINE(COND_REGEXP)
-fi
-if test $opt_coproc = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
-fi
-if test $opt_arith_for_command = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
-fi
-if test $opt_net_redirs = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(NETWORK_REDIRECTIONS)
-fi
-if test $opt_progcomp = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(PROGRAMMABLE_COMPLETION)
-fi
-if test $opt_multibyte = no; then
-AC_DEFINE(NO_MULTIBYTE_SUPPORT)
-fi
-if test $opt_debugger = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(DEBUGGER)
-fi
-if test $opt_casemod_attrs = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(CASEMOD_ATTRS)
-fi
-if test $opt_casemod_expansions = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(CASEMOD_EXPANSIONS)
-fi
-if test $opt_dircomplete_expand_default = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(DIRCOMPLETE_EXPAND_DEFAULT)
-fi
-if test $opt_globascii_default = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(GLOBASCII_DEFAULT, 1)
-else
-AC_DEFINE(GLOBASCII_DEFAULT, 0)
-fi
-
-if test $opt_memscramble = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(MEMSCRAMBLE)
-fi
-
-if test "$opt_minimal_config" = yes; then
- TESTSCRIPT=run-minimal
-else
- TESTSCRIPT=run-all
-fi
-
-HELPDIR= HELPDIRDEFINE= HELPINSTALL= HELPFILES_TARGET=
-if test "$opt_separate_help" != no; then
- if test "$opt_separate_help" = "yes" ; then
- HELPDIR='${datadir}/bash'
- else
- HELPDIR=$opt_separate_help
- fi
- HELPDIRDEFINE='-H ${HELPDIR}'
- HELPINSTALL='install-help'
- HELPFILES_TARGET='helpdoc'
-fi
-HELPSTRINGS=
-if test "$opt_single_longdoc_strings" != "yes"; then
- HELPSTRINGS='-S'
-fi
-
-dnl now substitute in the values generated by arguments
-AC_SUBST(TESTSCRIPT)
-AC_SUBST(PURIFY)
-AC_SUBST(MALLOC_TARGET)
-AC_SUBST(MALLOC_SRC)
-
-AC_SUBST(MALLOC_LIB)
-AC_SUBST(MALLOC_LIBRARY)
-AC_SUBST(MALLOC_LDFLAGS)
-AC_SUBST(MALLOC_DEP)
-
-AC_SUBST(htmldir)
-
-AC_SUBST(HELPDIR)
-AC_SUBST(HELPDIRDEFINE)
-AC_SUBST(HELPINSTALL)
-AC_SUBST(HELPFILES_TARGET)
-AC_SUBST(HELPSTRINGS)
-
-echo ""
-echo "Beginning configuration for bash-$BASHVERS-$RELSTATUS for ${host_cpu}-${host_vendor}-${host_os}"
-echo ""
-
-dnl compilation checks
-dnl AC_PROG_CC sets $cross_compiling to `yes' if cross-compiling for a
-dnl different environment
-AC_PROG_CC
-
-dnl test for Unix variants
-AC_ISC_POSIX
-AC_MINIX
-
-AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
-
-dnl BEGIN changes for cross-building (currently cygwin, minGW, and
-dnl (obsolete) BeOS)
-
-SIGNAMES_O=
-SIGNAMES_H=lsignames.h
-
-dnl load up the cross-building cache file -- add more cases and cache
-dnl files as necessary
-
-dnl Note that host and target machine are the same, and different than the
-dnl build machine.
-dnl Set SIGNAMES_H based on whether or not we're cross-compiling.
-
-CROSS_COMPILE=
-if test "x$cross_compiling" = "xyes"; then
- case "${host}" in
- *-cygwin*)
- cross_cache=${srcdir}/cross-build/cygwin32.cache
- ;;
- *-mingw*)
- cross_cache=${srcdir}/cross-build/cygwin32.cache
- ;;
- i[[3456]]86-*-beos*)
- cross_cache=${srcdir}/cross-build/x86-beos.cache
- ;;
- *) echo "configure: cross-compiling for $host is not supported" >&2
- ;;
- esac
- if test -n "${cross_cache}" && test -r "${cross_cache}"; then
- echo "loading cross-build cache file ${cross_cache}"
- . ${cross_cache}
- fi
- unset cross_cache
- SIGNAMES_O='signames.o'
- CROSS_COMPILE='-DCROSS_COMPILING'
- AC_SUBST(CROSS_COMPILE)
-fi
-AC_SUBST(SIGNAMES_H)
-AC_SUBST(SIGNAMES_O)
-
-dnl END changes for cross-building
-
-dnl We want these before the checks, so the checks can modify their values.
-if test -z "$CFLAGS"; then
- AUTO_CFLAGS="-g ${GCC+-O2}"
- AUTO_LDFLAGS="-g ${GCC+-O2}"
-else
- AUTO_CFLAGS= AUTO_LDFLAGS=
-fi
-
-dnl default values
-CFLAGS=${CFLAGS-"$AUTO_CFLAGS"}
-# LDFLAGS=${LDFLAGS="$AUTO_LDFLAGS"} # XXX
-
-dnl handle options that alter how bash is compiled and linked
-dnl these must come after the test for cc/gcc
-if test "$opt_profiling" = "yes"; then
- PROFILE_FLAGS=-pg
- case "$host_os" in
- solaris2*) ;;
- *) opt_static_link=yes ;;
- esac
- DEBUG= MALLOC_DEBUG=
-fi
-
-prefer_shared=yes
-prefer_static=no
-
-if test "$opt_static_link" = yes; then
- prefer_static=yes
- prefer_shared=no
- # if we're using gcc, add `-static' to LDFLAGS, except on Solaris >= 2
- if test -n "$GCC" || test "$ac_cv_prog_gcc" = "yes"; then
- STATIC_LD="-static"
- case "$host_os" in
- solaris2*) ;;
- *) LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS -static" ;; # XXX experimental
- esac
- fi
-fi
-
-# set the appropriate make variables for building the "build tools"
-# modify defaults based on whether or not we are cross compiling, since the
-# options for the target host may not be appropriate for the build host
-if test "X$cross_compiling" = "Xno"; then
- CC_FOR_BUILD=${CC_FOR_BUILD-'$(CC)'}
- CPPFLAGS_FOR_BUILD=${CPPFLAGS_FOR_BUILD-"$CPPFLAGS"} # XXX - should it be '$(CPPFLAGS)'
- LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD=${LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD-'$(LDFLAGS)'}
- # CFLAGS set above to default value if not passed in environment
- CFLAGS_FOR_BUILD=${CFLAGS-'$(CFLAGS)'}
- LIBS_FOR_BUILD=${LIBS_FOR_BUILD-'$(LIBS)'}
-else
- CC_FOR_BUILD=${CC_FOR_BUILD-"gcc"}
- CPPFLAGS_FOR_BUILD=${CPPFLAGS_FOR_BUILD-""}
- LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD=${LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD-""}
- CFLAGS_FOR_BUILD=${CFLAGS_FOR_BUILD="-g"}
- LIBS_FOR_BUILD=${LIBS_FOR_BUILD-""}
-fi
-
-AC_SUBST(CFLAGS)
-AC_SUBST(CPPFLAGS)
-AC_SUBST(LDFLAGS)
-AC_SUBST(STATIC_LD)
-
-AC_SUBST(CC_FOR_BUILD)
-AC_SUBST(CFLAGS_FOR_BUILD)
-AC_SUBST(CPPFLAGS_FOR_BUILD)
-AC_SUBST(LDFLAGS_FOR_BUILD)
-AC_SUBST(LIBS_FOR_BUILD)
-
-AC_PROG_GCC_TRADITIONAL
-
-dnl BEGIN READLINE and HISTORY LIBRARY SECTION
-dnl prepare to allow bash to be linked against an already-installed readline
-
-dnl first test that the readline version is new enough to link bash against
-if test "$opt_readline" = yes && test "$opt_with_installed_readline" != "no"
-then
- # If the user specified --with-installed-readline=PREFIX and PREFIX
- # is not `yes', set ac_cv_rl_prefix to PREFIX
- test $opt_with_installed_readline != "yes" && ac_cv_rl_prefix=$opt_with_installed_readline
-
- RL_LIB_READLINE_VERSION
-
- case "$ac_cv_rl_version" in
- 5*|6*|7*|8*|9*) ;;
- *) opt_with_installed_readline=no
- AC_MSG_WARN([installed readline library is too old to be linked with bash])
- AC_MSG_WARN([using private bash version])
- ;;
- esac
-fi
-
-TILDE_LIB=-ltilde
-if test $opt_readline = yes; then
- AC_DEFINE(READLINE)
- if test "$opt_with_installed_readline" != "no" ; then
- case "$opt_with_installed_readline" in
- yes) RL_INCLUDE= ;;
- *) case "$RL_INCLUDEDIR" in
- /usr/include) ;;
- *) RL_INCLUDE='-I${RL_INCLUDEDIR}' ;;
- esac
- ;;
- esac
- READLINE_DEP=
- READLINE_LIB=-lreadline
- # section for OS versions that don't allow unresolved symbols
- # to be compiled into dynamic libraries.
- case "$host_os" in
- cygwin*) TILDE_LIB= ;;
- esac
- else
- RL_LIBDIR='$(dot)/$(LIBSUBDIR)/readline'
- READLINE_DEP='$(READLINE_LIBRARY)'
- # section for OS versions that ship an older/broken version of
- # readline as a standard dynamic library and don't allow a
- # static version specified as -llibname to override the
- # dynamic version
- case "${host_os}" in
- darwin[[89]]*|darwin10*) READLINE_LIB='${READLINE_LIBRARY}' ;;
- *) READLINE_LIB=-lreadline ;;
- esac
- fi
-else
- RL_LIBDIR='$(dot)/$(LIBSUBDIR)/readline'
- READLINE_LIB= READLINE_DEP=
-fi
-if test $opt_history = yes || test $opt_bang_history = yes; then
- if test $opt_history = yes; then
- AC_DEFINE(HISTORY)
- fi
- if test $opt_bang_history = yes; then
- AC_DEFINE(BANG_HISTORY)
- fi
- if test "$opt_with_installed_readline" != "no"; then
- HIST_LIBDIR=$RL_LIBDIR
- HISTORY_DEP=
- HISTORY_LIB=-lhistory
- case "$opt_with_installed_readline" in
- yes) RL_INCLUDE= ;;
- *) case "$RL_INCLUDEDIR" in
- /usr/include) ;;
- *) RL_INCLUDE='-I${RL_INCLUDEDIR}' ;;
- esac
- ;;
- esac
- else
- HIST_LIBDIR='$(dot)/$(LIBSUBDIR)/readline'
- HISTORY_DEP='$(HISTORY_LIBRARY)'
- # section for OS versions that ship an older version of
- # readline as a standard dynamic library and don't allow a
- # static version specified as -llibname to override the
- # dynamic version
- case "${host_os}" in
- darwin[[89]]*|darwin10*) HISTORY_LIB='${HISTORY_LIBRARY}' ;;
- *) HISTORY_LIB=-lhistory ;;
- esac
- fi
-else
- HIST_LIBDIR='$(dot)/$(LIBSUBDIR)/readline'
- HISTORY_LIB= HISTORY_DEP=
-fi
-AC_SUBST(READLINE_LIB)
-AC_SUBST(READLINE_DEP)
-AC_SUBST(RL_LIBDIR)
-AC_SUBST(RL_INCLUDEDIR)
-AC_SUBST(RL_INCLUDE)
-AC_SUBST(HISTORY_LIB)
-AC_SUBST(HISTORY_DEP)
-AC_SUBST(HIST_LIBDIR)
-AC_SUBST(TILDE_LIB)
-
-dnl END READLINE and HISTORY LIBRARY SECTION
-
-dnl programs needed by the build and install process
-AC_PROG_INSTALL
-AC_CHECK_TOOL(AR, ar)
-dnl Set default for ARFLAGS, since autoconf does not have a macro for it.
-dnl This allows people to set it when running configure or make
-test -n "$ARFLAGS" || ARFLAGS="cr"
-AC_PROG_RANLIB
-AC_PROG_YACC
-AC_PROG_MAKE_SET
-
-case "$ac_cv_prog_YACC" in
-*bison*) ;;
-*) AC_MSG_WARN([bison not available; needed to process parse.y]) ;;
-esac
-
-case "$host_os" in
-opennt*|interix*) MAKE_SHELL="$INTERIX_ROOT/bin/sh" ;;
-*) MAKE_SHELL=/bin/sh ;;
-esac
-AC_SUBST(MAKE_SHELL)
-
-dnl this is similar to the expanded AC_PROG_RANLIB
-if test x$SIZE = x; then
- if test x$ac_tool_prefix = x; then
- SIZE=size
- else
- SIZE=${ac_tool_prefix}size
- save_IFS=$IFS ; IFS=:
- size_found=0
- for dir in $PATH; do
- if test -x $dir/$SIZE ; then
- size_found=1
- break
- fi
- done
- if test $size_found -eq 0; then
- SIZE=:
- fi
- IFS=$save_IFS
- fi
-fi
-AC_SUBST(SIZE)
-
-m4_include([m4/stat-time.m4])
-m4_include([m4/timespec.m4])
-
-dnl Turn on any extensions available in the GNU C library.
-AC_DEFINE(_GNU_SOURCE, 1)
-
-dnl C compiler characteristics
-AC_C_CONST
-AC_C_INLINE
-AC_C_BIGENDIAN
-AC_C_STRINGIZE
-AC_C_LONG_DOUBLE
-AC_C_PROTOTYPES
-AC_C_CHAR_UNSIGNED
-AC_C_VOLATILE
-AC_C_RESTRICT
-
-dnl initialize GNU gettext
-AM_GNU_GETTEXT([no-libtool], [need-ngettext], [lib/intl])
-
-dnl header files
-AC_HEADER_DIRENT
-AC_HEADER_TIME
-
-BASH_HEADER_INTTYPES
-
-AC_CHECK_HEADERS(unistd.h stdlib.h stdarg.h varargs.h limits.h string.h \
- memory.h locale.h termcap.h termio.h termios.h dlfcn.h \
- stdbool.h stddef.h stdint.h netdb.h pwd.h grp.h strings.h \
- regex.h syslog.h ulimit.h)
-AC_CHECK_HEADERS(sys/pte.h sys/stream.h sys/select.h sys/file.h \
- sys/resource.h sys/param.h sys/socket.h sys/stat.h \
- sys/time.h sys/times.h sys/types.h sys/wait.h)
-AC_CHECK_HEADERS(netinet/in.h arpa/inet.h)
-
-dnl sys/ptem.h requires definitions from sys/stream.h on systems where it
-dnl exists
-AC_CHECK_HEADER(sys/ptem.h, , ,[[
-#if HAVE_SYS_STREAM_H
-# include <sys/stream.h>
-#endif
-]])
-
-dnl special checks for libc functions
-AC_FUNC_ALLOCA
-AC_FUNC_GETPGRP
-AC_FUNC_SETVBUF_REVERSED
-AC_FUNC_VPRINTF
-AC_FUNC_STRCOLL
-
-dnl if we're not using the bash malloc but require the C alloca, set things
-dnl up to build a libmalloc.a containing only alloca.o
-
-if test "$ac_cv_func_alloca_works" = "no" && test "$opt_bash_malloc" = "no"; then
- MALLOC_TARGET=alloca
- MALLOC_SRC=alloca.c
-
- MALLOC_LIB='-lmalloc'
- MALLOC_LIBRARY='$(ALLOC_LIBDIR)/libmalloc.a'
- MALLOC_LDFLAGS='-L$(ALLOC_LIBDIR)'
- MALLOC_DEP='$(MALLOC_LIBRARY)'
-fi
-
-dnl if vprintf is not in libc, see if it's defined in stdio.h
-if test "$ac_cv_func_vprintf" = no; then
- AC_MSG_CHECKING(for declaration of vprintf in stdio.h)
- AC_EGREP_HEADER([[int[ ]*vprintf[^a-zA-Z0-9]]],stdio.h,ac_cv_func_vprintf=yes)
- AC_MSG_RESULT($ac_cv_func_vprintf)
- if test $ac_cv_func_vprintf = yes; then
- AC_DEFINE(HAVE_VPRINTF)
- fi
-fi
-
-if test "$ac_cv_func_vprintf" = no && test "$ac_cv_func__doprnt" = "yes"; then
- AC_LIBOBJ(vprint)
-fi
-
-dnl signal stuff
-AC_TYPE_SIGNAL
-
-dnl checks for certain version-specific system calls and libc functions
-AC_CHECK_FUNC(__setostype, AC_DEFINE(HAVE_SETOSTYPE))
-AC_CHECK_FUNC(wait3, AC_DEFINE(HAVE_WAIT3))
-
-dnl checks for missing libc functions
-AC_CHECK_FUNC(mkfifo,AC_DEFINE(HAVE_MKFIFO),AC_DEFINE(MKFIFO_MISSING))
-
-dnl checks for system calls
-AC_CHECK_FUNCS(dup2 eaccess fcntl getdtablesize getgroups gethostname \
- getpagesize getpeername getrlimit getrusage gettimeofday \
- kill killpg lstat readlink sbrk select setdtablesize \
- setitimer tcgetpgrp uname ulimit waitpid)
-AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(rename)
-
-dnl checks for c library functions
-AC_CHECK_FUNCS(bcopy bzero confstr faccessat fnmatch \
- getaddrinfo gethostbyname getservbyname getservent inet_aton \
- imaxdiv memmove pathconf putenv raise regcomp regexec \
- setenv setlinebuf setlocale setvbuf siginterrupt strchr \
- sysconf syslog tcgetattr times ttyname tzset unsetenv)
-
-AC_CHECK_FUNCS(vasprintf asprintf)
-AC_CHECK_FUNCS(isascii isblank isgraph isprint isspace isxdigit)
-AC_CHECK_FUNCS(getpwent getpwnam getpwuid)
-AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(getcwd memset)
-AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(strcasecmp strcasestr strerror strftime strnlen strpbrk strstr)
-AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(strtod strtol strtoul strtoll strtoull strtoimax strtoumax)
-AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(dprintf)
-AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(strchrnul)
-AC_REPLACE_FUNCS(strdup)
-
-AC_CHECK_DECLS([AUDIT_USER_TTY],,, [[#include <linux/audit.h>]])
-
-AC_CHECK_DECLS([confstr])
-AC_CHECK_DECLS([printf])
-AC_CHECK_DECLS([sbrk])
-AC_CHECK_DECLS([setregid])
-AC_CHECK_DECLS([strcpy])
-AC_CHECK_DECLS([strsignal])
-
-dnl Extra test to detect the horribly broken HP/UX 11.00 strtold(3)
-AC_CHECK_DECLS([strtold], [
- AC_MSG_CHECKING([for broken strtold])
- AC_CACHE_VAL(bash_cv_strtold_broken,
- [AC_TRY_COMPILE(
- [#include <stdlib.h>],
- [int main() { long double r; char *foo, bar; r = strtold(foo, &bar);}],
- bash_cv_strtold_broken=no, bash_cv_strtold_broken=yes,
- [AC_MSG_WARN(cannot check for broken strtold if cross-compiling, defaulting to no)])
- ]
- )
- AC_MSG_RESULT($bash_cv_strtold_broken)
- if test "$bash_cv_strtold_broken" = "yes" ; then
- AC_DEFINE(STRTOLD_BROKEN)
- fi
-])
-
-BASH_CHECK_DECL(strtoimax)
-BASH_CHECK_DECL(strtol)
-BASH_CHECK_DECL(strtoll)
-BASH_CHECK_DECL(strtoul)
-BASH_CHECK_DECL(strtoull)
-BASH_CHECK_DECL(strtoumax)
-
-AC_FUNC_MKTIME
-
-dnl
-dnl Checks for lib/intl and related code (uses some of the output from
-dnl AM_GNU_GETTEXT)
-dnl
-
-AC_CHECK_HEADERS([argz.h errno.h fcntl.h malloc.h stdio_ext.h])
-
-dnl AC_FUNC_MALLOC
-AC_FUNC_MMAP
-AC_CHECK_FUNCS([__argz_count __argz_next __argz_stringify dcgettext mempcpy \
- munmap stpcpy strcspn])
-
-INTL_DEP= INTL_INC= LIBINTL_H=
-if test "x$USE_INCLUDED_LIBINTL" = "xyes"; then
- INTL_DEP='${INTL_LIBDIR}/libintl.a'
- INTL_INC='-I${INTL_LIBSRC} -I${INTL_BUILDDIR}'
- LIBINTL_H='${INTL_BUILDDIR}/libintl.h'
-fi
-AC_SUBST(INTL_DEP)
-AC_SUBST(INTL_INC)
-AC_SUBST(LIBINTL_H)
-
-dnl
-dnl End of checks needed by files in lib/intl
-dnl
-
-BASH_CHECK_MULTIBYTE
-
-dnl checks for the dynamic loading library functions in libc and libdl
-if test "$opt_static_link" != yes; then
-AC_CHECK_LIB(dl, dlopen)
-AC_CHECK_FUNCS(dlopen dlclose dlsym)
-fi
-
-dnl this defines HAVE_DECL_SYS_SIGLIST
-AC_DECL_SYS_SIGLIST
-
-dnl network functions -- check for inet_aton again
-if test "$ac_cv_func_inet_aton" != 'yes'; then
-BASH_FUNC_INET_ATON
-fi
-
-dnl libraries
-dnl this is reportedly no longer necessary for irix[56].?
-case "$host_os" in
-irix4*) AC_CHECK_LIB(sun, getpwent) ;;
-esac
-
-dnl check for getpeername in the socket library only if it's not in libc
-if test "$ac_cv_func_getpeername" = no; then
- BASH_CHECK_LIB_SOCKET
-fi
-dnl check for gethostbyname in socket libraries if it's not in libc
-if test "$ac_cv_func_gethostbyname" = no; then
- BASH_FUNC_GETHOSTBYNAME
-fi
-
-dnl system types
-AC_TYPE_GETGROUPS
-AC_TYPE_OFF_T
-AC_TYPE_MODE_T
-AC_TYPE_UID_T
-AC_TYPE_PID_T
-AC_TYPE_SIZE_T
-AC_CHECK_TYPE(ssize_t, int)
-AC_CHECK_TYPE(time_t, long)
-
-BASH_TYPE_LONG_LONG
-BASH_TYPE_UNSIGNED_LONG_LONG
-
-AC_TYPE_SIGNAL
-BASH_TYPE_SIG_ATOMIC_T
-
-AC_CHECK_SIZEOF(char, 1)
-AC_CHECK_SIZEOF(short, 2)
-AC_CHECK_SIZEOF(int, 4)
-AC_CHECK_SIZEOF(long, 4)
-AC_CHECK_SIZEOF(char *, 4)
-AC_CHECK_SIZEOF(double, 8)
-AC_CHECK_SIZEOF([long long], 8)
-
-AC_CHECK_TYPE(u_int, [unsigned int])
-AC_CHECK_TYPE(u_long, [unsigned long])
-
-BASH_TYPE_BITS16_T
-BASH_TYPE_U_BITS16_T
-BASH_TYPE_BITS32_T
-BASH_TYPE_U_BITS32_T
-BASH_TYPE_BITS64_T
-
-BASH_TYPE_PTRDIFF_T
-
-dnl structures
-AC_HEADER_STAT
-
-dnl system services
-AC_SYS_INTERPRETER
-if test $ac_cv_sys_interpreter = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(HAVE_HASH_BANG_EXEC)
-fi
-
-dnl Miscellaneous Bash tests
-if test "$ac_cv_func_lstat" = "no"; then
-BASH_FUNC_LSTAT
-fi
-
-dnl behavior of system calls and library functions
-BASH_FUNC_CTYPE_NONASCII
-BASH_FUNC_DUP2_CLOEXEC_CHECK
-BASH_SYS_PGRP_SYNC
-BASH_SYS_SIGNAL_VINTAGE
-
-dnl checking for the presence of certain library symbols
-BASH_SYS_ERRLIST
-BASH_SYS_SIGLIST
-BASH_UNDER_SYS_SIGLIST
-
-dnl various system types
-BASH_TYPE_SIGHANDLER
-BASH_CHECK_TYPE(clock_t, [#include <sys/times.h>], long)
-BASH_CHECK_TYPE(sigset_t, [#include <signal.h>], int)
-BASH_CHECK_TYPE(sig_atomic_t, [#include <signal.h>], int)
-BASH_CHECK_TYPE(quad_t, , long, HAVE_QUAD_T)
-BASH_CHECK_TYPE(intmax_t, , $bash_cv_type_long_long)
-BASH_CHECK_TYPE(uintmax_t, , $bash_cv_type_unsigned_long_long)
-if test "$ac_cv_header_sys_socket_h" = "yes"; then
-BASH_CHECK_TYPE(socklen_t, [#include <sys/socket.h>], [unsigned int], HAVE_SOCKLEN_T)
-fi
-BASH_TYPE_RLIMIT
-
-AC_CHECK_SIZEOF(intmax_t, 8)
-
-dnl presence and contents of structures used by system calls
-BASH_STRUCT_TERMIOS_LDISC
-BASH_STRUCT_TERMIO_LDISC
-BASH_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_INO
-BASH_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_FILENO
-BASH_STRUCT_DIRENT_D_NAMLEN
-BASH_STRUCT_WINSIZE
-BASH_STRUCT_TIMEVAL
-AC_CHECK_MEMBERS([struct stat.st_blocks])
-AC_STRUCT_TM
-AC_STRUCT_TIMEZONE
-BASH_STRUCT_TIMEZONE
-
-BASH_STRUCT_WEXITSTATUS_OFFSET
-
-BASH_CHECK_TYPE_STRUCT_TIMESPEC
-BASH_STAT_TIME
-
-dnl presence and behavior of C library functions
-BASH_FUNC_STRSIGNAL
-BASH_FUNC_OPENDIR_CHECK
-BASH_FUNC_ULIMIT_MAXFDS
-BASH_FUNC_FPURGE
-BASH_FUNC_GETENV
-if test "$ac_cv_func_getcwd" = "yes"; then
-BASH_FUNC_GETCWD
-fi
-BASH_FUNC_POSIX_SETJMP
-BASH_FUNC_STRCOLL
-BASH_FUNC_SNPRINTF
-BASH_FUNC_VSNPRINTF
-
-dnl If putenv or unsetenv is not present, set the right define so the
-dnl prototype and declaration in lib/sh/getenv.c will be standard-conformant
-
-if test "$ac_cv_func_putenv" = "yes"; then
-BASH_FUNC_STD_PUTENV
-else
-AC_DEFINE(HAVE_STD_PUTENV)
-fi
-if test "$ac_cv_func_unsetenv" = "yes"; then
-BASH_FUNC_STD_UNSETENV
-else
-AC_DEFINE(HAVE_STD_UNSETENV)
-fi
-
-BASH_FUNC_PRINTF_A_FORMAT
-
-dnl presence and behavior of OS functions
-BASH_SYS_REINSTALL_SIGHANDLERS
-BASH_SYS_JOB_CONTROL_MISSING
-BASH_SYS_NAMED_PIPES
-
-dnl presence of certain CPP defines
-AC_HEADER_TIOCGWINSZ
-BASH_HAVE_TIOCSTAT
-BASH_HAVE_FIONREAD
-
-BASH_CHECK_WCONTINUED
-
-dnl miscellaneous
-BASH_CHECK_SPEED_T
-BASH_CHECK_GETPW_FUNCS
-BASH_CHECK_RTSIGS
-BASH_CHECK_SYS_SIGLIST
-
-dnl special checks
-case "$host_os" in
-hpux*) BASH_CHECK_KERNEL_RLIMIT ;;
-esac
-
-if test "$opt_readline" = yes; then
-dnl yuck
-case "$host_os" in
-aix*) prefer_curses=yes ;;
-esac
-BASH_CHECK_LIB_TERMCAP
-fi
-AC_SUBST(TERMCAP_LIB)
-AC_SUBST(TERMCAP_DEP)
-
-BASH_CHECK_DEV_FD
-BASH_CHECK_DEV_STDIN
-BASH_SYS_DEFAULT_MAIL_DIR
-
-if test "$bash_cv_job_control_missing" = missing; then
- opt_job_control=no
-fi
-
-if test "$opt_job_control" = yes; then
-AC_DEFINE(JOB_CONTROL)
-JOBS_O=jobs.o
-else
-JOBS_O=nojobs.o
-fi
-
-AC_SUBST(JOBS_O)
-
-dnl Defines that we want to propagate to the Makefiles in subdirectories,
-dnl like glob and readline
-
-LOCAL_DEFS=-DSHELL
-
-dnl use this section to possibly define more cpp variables, specify local
-dnl libraries, and specify any additional local cc or ld flags
-dnl
-dnl this should really go away someday
-
-case "${host_os}" in
-sysv4.2*) AC_DEFINE(SVR4_2)
- AC_DEFINE(SVR4) ;;
-sysv4*) AC_DEFINE(SVR4) ;;
-sysv5*) AC_DEFINE(SVR5) ;;
-hpux9*) LOCAL_CFLAGS="-DHPUX9 -DHPUX" ;;
-hpux*) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-DHPUX ;;
-dgux*) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-D_DGUX_SOURCE; LOCAL_LIBS=-ldgc ;;
-isc*) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-Disc386 ;;
-rhapsody*) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-DRHAPSODY ;;
-darwin*) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-DMACOSX ;;
-sco3.2v5*) LOCAL_CFLAGS="-b elf -DWAITPID_BROKEN -DPATH_MAX=1024" ;;
-sco3.2v4*) LOCAL_CFLAGS="-DMUST_UNBLOCK_CHLD -DPATH_MAX=1024" ;;
-sco3.2*) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-DMUST_UNBLOCK_CHLD ;;
-sunos4*) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-DSunOS4 ;;
-solaris2.5*) LOCAL_CFLAGS="-DSunOS5 -DSOLARIS" ;;
-solaris2.8*) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-DSOLARIS ;;
-solaris2.9*) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-DSOLARIS ;;
-solaris2.10*) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-DSOLARIS ;;
-solaris2*) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-DSOLARIS ;;
-lynxos*) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-DRECYCLES_PIDS ;;
-linux*) LOCAL_LDFLAGS=-rdynamic # allow dynamic loading
- case "`uname -r`" in
- 2.[[456789]]*|3*) AC_DEFINE(PGRP_PIPE) ;;
- esac ;;
-*qnx6*) LOCAL_CFLAGS="-Dqnx -Dqnx6" LOCAL_LIBS="-lncurses" ;;
-*qnx*) LOCAL_CFLAGS="-Dqnx -F -3s" LOCAL_LDFLAGS="-3s" LOCAL_LIBS="-lunix -lncurses" ;;
-powerux*) LOCAL_LIBS="-lgen" ;;
-cygwin*) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-DRECYCLES_PIDS ;;
-opennt*|interix*) LOCAL_CFLAGS="-DNO_MAIN_ENV_ARG -DBROKEN_DIRENT_D_INO -D_POSIX_SOURCE -D_ALL_SOURCE -DRECYCLES_PIDS" ;;
-*openstep*) LOCAL_CFLAGS="-D__APPLE_CC__" ;;
-esac
-
-dnl Stanza for OS/compiler pair-specific flags
-case "${host_os}-${CC}" in
-aix4.2*-*gcc*) LOCAL_LDFLAGS="-Xlinker -bexpall -Xlinker -brtl" ;;
-aix4.2*) LOCAL_LDFLAGS="-bexpall -brtl" ;;
-bsdi4*-*gcc*) LOCAL_LDFLAGS="-rdynamic" ;; # allow dynamic loading, like Linux
-esac
-
-dnl FreeBSD-3.x can have either a.out or ELF
-case "${host_os}" in
-freebsd[[3-9]]*)
- if test -x /usr/bin/objformat && test "`/usr/bin/objformat`" = "elf" ; then
- LOCAL_LDFLAGS=-rdynamic # allow dynamic loading
- fi ;;
-freebsdelf*) LOCAL_LDFLAGS=-rdynamic ;; # allow dynamic loading
-dragonfly*) LOCAL_LDFLAGS=-rdynamic ;; # allow dynamic loading
-esac
-
-case "$host_cpu" in
-*cray*) LOCAL_CFLAGS="-DCRAY" ;; # shell var so config.h can use it
-esac
-
-case "$host_cpu-$host_os" in
-ibmrt-*bsd4*) LOCAL_CFLAGS="-ma -U__STDC__" ;;
-esac
-
-case "$host_cpu-$host_vendor-$host_os" in
-m88k-motorola-sysv3) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-DWAITPID_BROKEN ;;
-mips-pyramid-sysv4) LOCAL_CFLAGS=-Xa ;;
-esac
-
-#
-# Shared object configuration section. These values are generated by
-# ${srcdir}/support/shobj-conf
-#
-if test "$ac_cv_func_dlopen" = "yes" && test -f ${srcdir}/support/shobj-conf
-then
- AC_MSG_CHECKING(shared object configuration for loadable builtins)
- eval `${CONFIG_SHELL-/bin/sh} ${srcdir}/support/shobj-conf -C "${CC}" -c "${host_cpu}" -o "${host_os}" -v "${host_vendor}"`
- AC_SUBST(SHOBJ_CC)
- AC_SUBST(SHOBJ_CFLAGS)
- AC_SUBST(SHOBJ_LD)
- AC_SUBST(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS)
- AC_SUBST(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS)
- AC_SUBST(SHOBJ_LIBS)
- AC_SUBST(SHOBJ_STATUS)
- AC_MSG_RESULT($SHOBJ_STATUS)
-fi
-
-# try to create a directory tree if the source is elsewhere
-# this should be packaged into a script accessible via ${srcdir}/support
-case "$srcdir" in
-.) ;;
-*) for d in doc tests support lib examples; do # dirs
- test -d $d || mkdir $d
- done
- for ld in readline glob tilde malloc sh termcap; do # libdirs
- test -d lib/$ld || mkdir lib/$ld
- done
- test -d examples/loadables || mkdir examples/loadables # loadable builtins
- test -d examples/loadables/perl || mkdir examples/loadables/perl
- ;;
-esac
-
-BUILD_DIR=`pwd`
-case "$BUILD_DIR" in
-*\ *) BUILD_DIR=`echo "$BUILD_DIR" | sed 's: :\\\\ :g'` ;;
-*) ;;
-esac
-
-if test -z "$localedir"; then
- localedir='${datarootdir}/locale'
-fi
-if test -z "$datarootdir"; then
- datarootdir='${prefix}/share'
-fi
-
-AC_SUBST(PROFILE_FLAGS)
-
-AC_SUBST(incdir)
-AC_SUBST(BUILD_DIR)
-
-# Some versions of autoconf don't substitute these automatically
-AC_SUBST(datarootdir)
-AC_SUBST(localedir)
-
-AC_SUBST(YACC)
-AC_SUBST(AR)
-AC_SUBST(ARFLAGS)
-
-AC_SUBST(BASHVERS)
-AC_SUBST(RELSTATUS)
-AC_SUBST(DEBUG)
-AC_SUBST(MALLOC_DEBUG)
-
-AC_SUBST(host_cpu)
-AC_SUBST(host_vendor)
-AC_SUBST(host_os)
-
-AC_SUBST(LOCAL_LIBS)
-AC_SUBST(LOCAL_CFLAGS)
-AC_SUBST(LOCAL_LDFLAGS)
-AC_SUBST(LOCAL_DEFS)
-
-#AC_SUBST(ALLOCA_SOURCE)
-#AC_SUBST(ALLOCA_OBJECT)
-
-AC_OUTPUT([Makefile builtins/Makefile lib/readline/Makefile lib/glob/Makefile \
- lib/intl/Makefile \
- lib/malloc/Makefile lib/sh/Makefile lib/termcap/Makefile \
- lib/tilde/Makefile doc/Makefile support/Makefile po/Makefile.in \
- examples/loadables/Makefile examples/loadables/perl/Makefile],
-[
-# Makefile uses this timestamp file to record whether config.h is up to date.
-echo timestamp > stamp-h
-])
+++ /dev/null
-# This file is a shell script that caches the results of configure
-# tests for CYGWIN32 so they don't need to be done when cross-compiling.
-
-# AC_FUNC_GETPGRP should also define GETPGRP_VOID
-ac_cv_func_getpgrp_void=${ac_cv_func_getpgrp_void='yes'}
-# AC_FUNC_SETVBUF_REVERSED should not define anything else
-ac_cv_func_setvbuf_reversed=${ac_cv_func_setvbuf_reversed='no'}
-# on CYGWIN32, system calls do not restart
-ac_cv_sys_restartable_syscalls=${ac_cv_sys_restartable_syscalls='no'}
-bash_cv_sys_restartable_syscalls=${bash_cv_sys_restartable_syscalls='no'}
-
-# these may be necessary, but they are currently commented out
-#ac_cv_c_bigendian=${ac_cv_c_bigendian='no'}
-ac_cv_sizeof_char_p=${ac_cv_sizeof_char_p='4'}
-ac_cv_sizeof_int=${ac_cv_sizeof_int='4'}
-ac_cv_sizeof_long=${ac_cv_sizeof_long='4'}
-ac_cv_sizeof_double=${ac_cv_sizeof_double='8'}
-
-bash_cv_dup2_broken=${bash_cv_dup2_broken='no'}
-bash_cv_pgrp_pipe=${bash_cv_pgrp_pipe='no'}
-bash_cv_type_rlimit=${bash_cv_type_rlimit='long'}
-bash_cv_decl_under_sys_siglist=${bash_cv_decl_under_sys_siglist='no'}
-bash_cv_under_sys_siglist=${bash_cv_under_sys_siglist='no'}
-bash_cv_sys_siglist=${bash_cv_sys_siglist='no'}
-bash_cv_opendir_not_robust=${bash_cv_opendir_not_robust='no'}
-bash_cv_getenv_redef=${bash_cv_getenv_redef='yes'}
-bash_cv_printf_declared=${bash_cv_printf_declared='yes'}
-bash_cv_ulimit_maxfds=${bash_cv_ulimit_maxfds='no'}
-bash_cv_getcwd_calls_popen=${bash_cv_getcwd_calls_popen='no'}
-bash_cv_must_reinstall_sighandlers=${bash_cv_must_reinstall_sighandlers='no'}
-bash_cv_job_control_missing=${bash_cv_job_control_missing='present'}
-bash_cv_sys_named_pipes=${bash_cv_sys_named_pipes='missing'}
-bash_cv_func_sigsetjmp=${bash_cv_func_sigsetjmp='missing'}
-bash_cv_mail_dir=${bash_cv_mail_dir='unknown'}
-bash_cv_func_strcoll_broken=${bash_cv_func_strcoll_broken='no'}
-
-bash_cv_type_int32_t=${bash_cv_type_int32_t='int'}
-bash_cv_type_u_int32_t=${bash_cv_type_u_int32_t='int'}
-
-ac_cv_type_bits64_t=${ac_cv_type_bits64_t='no'}
-
-# end of cross-build/cygwin32.cache
+++ /dev/null
-This is the Bash FAQ, version 3.24, for Bash version 2.05b.
-
-This document contains a set of frequently-asked questions concerning
-Bash, the GNU Bourne-Again Shell. Bash is a freely-available command
-interpreter with advanced features for both interactive use and shell
-programming.
-
-Another good source of basic information about shells is the collection
-of FAQ articles periodically posted to comp.unix.shell.
-
-Questions and comments concerning this document should be sent to
-chet@po.cwru.edu.
-
-This document is available for anonymous FTP with the URL
-
-ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/FAQ
-
-The Bash home page is http://cnswww.cns.cwru.edu/~chet/bash/bashtop.html
-
-----------
-Contents:
-
-Section A: The Basics
-
-A1) What is it?
-A2) What's the latest version?
-A3) Where can I get it?
-A4) On what machines will bash run?
-A5) Will bash run on operating systems other than Unix?
-A6) How can I build bash with gcc?
-A7) How can I make bash my login shell?
-A8) I just changed my login shell to bash, and now I can't FTP into my
- machine. Why not?
-A9) What's the `POSIX 1003.2 standard'?
-A10) What is the bash `posix mode'?
-
-Section B: The latest version
-
-B1) What's new in version 2.05b?
-B2) Are there any user-visible incompatibilities between bash-2.05b and
- bash-1.14.7?
-
-Section C: Differences from other Unix shells
-
-C1) How does bash differ from sh, the Bourne shell?
-C2) How does bash differ from the Korn shell, version ksh88?
-C3) Which new features in ksh-93 are not in bash, and which are?
-
-Section D: Why does bash do some things differently than other Unix shells?
-
-D1) Why does bash run a different version of `command' than
- `which command' says it will?
-D2) Why doesn't bash treat brace expansions exactly like csh?
-D3) Why doesn't bash have csh variable modifiers?
-D4) How can I make my csh aliases work when I convert to bash?
-D5) How can I pipe standard output and standard error from one command to
- another, like csh does with `|&'?
-D6) Now that I've converted from ksh to bash, are there equivalents to
- ksh features like autoloaded functions and the `whence' command?
-
-Section E: Why does bash do certain things the way it does?
-
-E1) Why is the bash builtin `test' slightly different from /bin/test?
-E2) Why does bash sometimes say `Broken pipe'?
-E3) When I have terminal escape sequences in my prompt, why does bash
- wrap lines at the wrong column?
-E4) If I pipe the output of a command into `read variable', why doesn't
- the output show up in $variable when the read command finishes?
-E5) I have a bunch of shell scripts that use backslash-escaped characters
- in arguments to `echo'. Bash doesn't interpret these characters. Why
- not, and how can I make it understand them?
-E6) Why doesn't a while or for loop get suspended when I type ^Z?
-E7) What about empty for loops in Makefiles?
-E8) Why does the arithmetic evaluation code complain about `08'?
-E9) Why does the pattern matching expression [A-Z]* match files beginning
- with every letter except `z'?
-E10) Why does `cd //' leave $PWD as `//'?
-E11) If I resize my xterm while another program is running, why doesn't bash
- notice the change?
-
-Section F: Things to watch out for on certain Unix versions
-
-F1) Why can't I use command line editing in my `cmdtool'?
-F2) I built bash on Solaris 2. Why do globbing expansions and filename
- completion chop off the first few characters of each filename?
-F3) Why does bash dump core after I interrupt username completion or
- `~user' tilde expansion on a machine running NIS?
-F4) I'm running SVR4.2. Why is the line erased every time I type `@'?
-F5) Why does bash report syntax errors when my C News scripts use a
- redirection before a subshell command?
-F6) Why can't I use vi-mode editing on Red Hat Linux 6.1?
-F7) Why do bash-2.05a and bash-2.05b fail to compile `printf.def' on
- HP/UX 11.x?
-
-Section G: How can I get bash to do certain common things?
-
-G1) How can I get bash to read and display eight-bit characters?
-G2) How do I write a function `x' to replace builtin command `x', but
- still invoke the command from within the function?
-G3) How can I find the value of a shell variable whose name is the value
- of another shell variable?
-G4) How can I make the bash `time' reserved word print timing output that
- looks like the output from my system's /usr/bin/time?
-G5) How do I get the current directory into my prompt?
-G6) How can I rename "*.foo" to "*.bar"?
-G7) How can I translate a filename from uppercase to lowercase?
-G8) How can I write a filename expansion (globbing) pattern that will match
- all files in the current directory except "." and ".."?
-
-Section H: Where do I go from here?
-
-H1) How do I report bugs in bash, and where should I look for fixes and
- advice?
-H2) What kind of bash documentation is there?
-H3) What's coming in future versions?
-H4) What's on the bash `wish list'?
-H5) When will the next release appear?
-
-----------
-Section A: The Basics
-
-A1) What is it?
-
-Bash is a Unix command interpreter (shell). It is an implementation of
-the Posix 1003.2 shell standard, and resembles the Korn and System V
-shells.
-
-Bash contains a number of enhancements over those shells, both
-for interactive use and shell programming. Features geared
-toward interactive use include command line editing, command
-history, job control, aliases, and prompt expansion. Programming
-features include additional variable expansions, shell
-arithmetic, and a number of variables and options to control
-shell behavior.
-
-Bash was originally written by Brian Fox of the Free Software
-Foundation. The current developer and maintainer is Chet Ramey
-of Case Western Reserve University.
-
-A2) What's the latest version?
-
-The latest version is 2.05b, first made available on Wednesday, 17
-July, 2002.
-
-A3) Where can I get it?
-
-Bash is the GNU project's shell, and so is available from the
-master GNU archive site, ftp.gnu.org, and its mirrors. The
-latest version is also available for FTP from ftp.cwru.edu.
-The following URLs tell how to get version 2.05b:
-
-ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/bash-2.05b.tar.gz
-ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-2.05b.tar.gz
-
-Formatted versions of the documentation are available with the URLs:
-
-ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/bash-doc-2.05b.tar.gz
-ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/bash-doc-2.05b.tar.gz
-
-A4) On what machines will bash run?
-
-Bash has been ported to nearly every version of UNIX. All you
-should have to do to build it on a machine for which a port
-exists is to type `configure' and then `make'. The build process
-will attempt to discover the version of UNIX you have and tailor
-itself accordingly, using a script created by GNU autoconf.
-
-More information appears in the file `INSTALL' in the distribution.
-
-The Bash web page (http://cnswww.cns.cwru.edu/~chet/bash/bashtop.html)
-explains how to obtain binary versions of bash for most of the major
-commercial Unix systems.
-
-A5) Will bash run on operating systems other than Unix?
-
-Configuration specifics for Unix-like systems such as QNX and
-LynxOS are included in the distribution. Bash-2.05 and later
-versions should compile and run on Minix 2.0 (patches were
-contributed), but I don't believe anyone has built bash-2.x on
-earlier Minix versions yet.
-
-Bash has been ported to versions of Windows implementing the Win32
-programming interface. This includes Windows 95 and Windows NT.
-The port was done by Cygnus Solutions as part of their CYGWIN
-project. For more information about the project, look at the URLs
-
-http://www.cygwin.com/
-http://sourceware.cygnus.com/cygwin
-
-Cygnus originally ported bash-1.14.7, and that port was part of their
-early GNU-Win32 (the original name) releases. Cygnus has also done a
-port of bash-2.05 to the CYGWIN environment, and it is available as
-part of their current release.
-
-Bash-2.05b should require no local Cygnus changes to build and run under
-CYGWIN.
-
-The Cygnus port works only on Intel machines. There is a port of bash
-(I don't know which version) to the alpha/NT environment available from
-
-ftp://ftp.gnustep.org//pub/win32/bash-alpha-nt-1.01.tar.gz
-
-DJ Delorie has a port of bash-2.x which runs under MS-DOS, as part
-of the DJGPP project. For more information on the project, see
-
-http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/
-
-I have been told that the original DJGPP port was done by Daisuke Aoyama.
-
-Mark Elbrecht <snowball3@bigfoot.com> has sent me notice that bash-2.04
-is available for DJGPP V2. The files are available as:
-
-ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/bsh204b.zip binary
-ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/bsh204d.zip documentation
-ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/bsh204s.zip source
-
-Mark has begun to work with bash-2.05, but I don't know the status.
-
-Ports of bash-1.12 and bash-2.0 are available for OS/2 from
-
-ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/util/shell/bash_112.zip
-ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/pub/os2/util/shell/bash-2.0(253).zip
-
-I haven't looked at either, but the second appears to be a binary-only
-distribution. Beware.
-
-I have received word that Bash (I'm not sure which version, but I
-believe that it's at least bash-2.02.1) is the standard shell on
-BeOS.
-
-A6) How can I build bash with gcc?
-
-Bash configures to use gcc by default if it is available. Read the
-file INSTALL in the distribution for more information.
-
-A7) How can I make bash my login shell?
-
-Some machines let you use `chsh' to change your login shell. Other
-systems use `passwd -s' or `passwd -e'. If one of these works for
-you, that's all you need. Note that many systems require the full
-pathname to a shell to appear in /etc/shells before you can make it
-your login shell. For this, you may need the assistance of your
-friendly local system administrator.
-
-If you cannot do this, you can still use bash as your login shell, but
-you need to perform some tricks. The basic idea is to add a command
-to your login shell's startup file to replace your login shell with
-bash.
-
-For example, if your login shell is csh or tcsh, and you have installed
-bash in /usr/gnu/bin/bash, add the following line to ~/.login:
-
- if ( -f /usr/gnu/bin/bash ) exec /usr/gnu/bin/bash --login
-
-(the `--login' tells bash that it is a login shell).
-
-It's not a good idea to put this command into ~/.cshrc, because every
-csh you run without the `-f' option, even ones started to run csh scripts,
-reads that file. If you must put the command in ~/.cshrc, use something
-like
-
- if ( $?prompt ) exec /usr/gnu/bin/bash --login
-
-to ensure that bash is exec'd only when the csh is interactive.
-
-If your login shell is sh or ksh, you have to do two things.
-
-First, create an empty file in your home directory named `.bash_profile'.
-The existence of this file will prevent the exec'd bash from trying to
-read ~/.profile, and re-execing itself over and over again. ~/.bash_profile
-is the first file bash tries to read initialization commands from when
-it is invoked as a login shell.
-
-Next, add a line similar to the above to ~/.profile:
-
- [ -f /usr/gnu/bin/bash ] && [ -x /usr/gnu/bin/bash ] && \
- exec /usr/gnu/bin/bash --login
-
-This will cause login shells to replace themselves with bash running as
-a login shell. Once you have this working, you can copy your initialization
-code from ~/.profile to ~/.bash_profile.
-
-I have received word that the recipe supplied above is insufficient for
-machines running CDE. CDE has a maze of twisty little startup files, all
-slightly different.
-
-If you cannot change your login shell in the password file to bash, you
-will have to (apparently) live with CDE using the shell in the password
-file to run its startup scripts. If you have changed your shell to bash,
-there is code in the CDE startup files (on Solaris, at least) that attempts
-to do the right thing. It is, however, often broken, and may require that
-you use the $BASH_ENV trick described below.
-
-`dtterm' claims to use $SHELL as the default program to start, so if you
-can change $SHELL in the CDE startup files, you should be able to use bash
-in your terminal windows.
-
-Setting DTSOURCEPROFILE in ~/.dtprofile will cause the `Xsession' program
-to read your login shell's startup files. You may be able to use bash for
-the rest of the CDE programs by setting SHELL to bash in ~/.dtprofile as
-well, but I have not tried this.
-
-You can use the above `exec' recipe to start bash when not logging in with
-CDE by testing the value of the DT variable:
-
- if [ -n "$DT" ]; then
- [ -f /usr/gnu/bin/bash ] && exec /usr/gnu/bin/bash --login
- fi
-
-If CDE starts its shells non-interactively during login, the login shell
-startup files (~/.profile, ~/.bash_profile) will not be sourced at login.
-To get around this problem, append a line similar to the following to your
-~/.dtprofile:
-
- BASH_ENV=${HOME}/.bash_profile ; export BASH_ENV
-
-and add the following line to the beginning of ~/.bash_profile:
-
- unset BASH_ENV
-
-A8) I just changed my login shell to bash, and now I can't FTP into my
- machine. Why not?
-
-You must add the full pathname to bash to the file /etc/shells. As
-noted in the answer to the previous question, many systems require
-this before you can make bash your login shell.
-
-Most versions of ftpd use this file to prohibit `special' users
-such as `uucp' and `news' from using FTP.
-
-A9) What's the `POSIX 1003.2 standard'?
-
-POSIX is a name originally coined by Richard Stallman for a
-family of open system standards based on UNIX. There are a
-number of aspects of UNIX under consideration for
-standardization, from the basic system services at the system
-call and C library level to applications and tools to system
-administration and management. Each area of standardization is
-assigned to a working group in the 1003 series.
-
-The POSIX Shell and Utilities standard has been developed by IEEE
-Working Group 1003.2 (POSIX.2). It concentrates on the command
-interpreter interface and utility programs commonly executed from
-the command line or by other programs. An initial version of the
-standard has been approved and published by the IEEE, and work is
-currently underway to update it.
-
-Bash is concerned with the aspects of the shell's behavior
-defined by POSIX.2. The shell command language has of course
-been standardized, including the basic flow control and program
-execution constructs, I/O redirection and pipelining, argument
-handling, variable expansion, and quoting.
-
-The `special' builtins, which must be implemented as part of the
-shell to provide the desired functionality, are specified as
-being part of the shell; examples of these are `eval' and
-`export'. Other utilities appear in the sections of POSIX.2 not
-devoted to the shell which are commonly (and in some cases must
-be) implemented as builtin commands, such as `read' and `test'.
-POSIX.2 also specifies aspects of the shell's interactive
-behavior as part of the UPE, including job control and command
-line editing. Only vi-style line editing commands have been
-standardized; emacs editing commands were left out due to
-objections.
-
-The Open Group has made an older version of its Single Unix
-Specification (version 2), which is very similar to POSIX.2,
-available on the web at
-
-http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908799/
-
-The Single Unix Specification, version 3, is available on the web at
-
-http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007904975/
-
-A10) What is the bash `posix mode'?
-
-Although bash is an implementation of the POSIX.2 shell
-specification, there are areas where the bash default behavior
-differs from that spec. The bash `posix mode' changes the bash
-behavior in these areas so that it obeys the spec more closely.
-
-Posix mode is entered by starting bash with the --posix or
-'-o posix' option or executing `set -o posix' after bash is running.
-
-The specific aspects of bash which change when posix mode is
-active are listed in the file POSIX in the bash distribution.
-They are also listed in a section in the Bash Reference Manual
-(from which that file is generated).
-
-Section B: The latest version
-
-B1) What's new in version 2.05b?
-
-The raison d'etre for bash-2.05b is to make a second intermediate
-release containing the first of the new features to be available
-in bash-3.0 and get feedback on those features before proceeding.
-The major new feature is multibyte character support in both Bash
-and Readline.
-
-Bash-2.05b contains the following new features (see the manual page for
-complete descriptions and the CHANGES and NEWS files in the bash-2.05b
-distribution):
-
-o support for multibyte characters has been added to both bash and readline
-
-o the DEBUG trap is now run *before* simple commands, ((...)) commands,
- [[...]] conditional commands, and for ((...)) loops
-
-o the shell now performs arithmetic in the largest integer size the machine
- supports (intmax_t)
-
-o there is a new \D{...} prompt expansion; passes the `...' to strftime(3)
- and inserts the result into the expanded prompt
-
-o there is a new `here-string' redirection operator: <<< word
-
-o when displaying variables, function attributes and definitions are shown
- separately, allowing them to be re-used as input (attempting to re-use
- the old output would result in syntax errors).
-
-o `read' has a new `-u fd' option to read from a specified file descriptor
-
-o the bash debugger in examples/bashdb has been modified to work with the
- new DEBUG trap semantics, the command set has been made more gdb-like,
- and the changes to $LINENO make debugging functions work better
-
-o the expansion of $LINENO inside a shell function is only relative to the
- function start if the shell is interactive -- if the shell is running a
- script, $LINENO expands to the line number in the script. This is as
- POSIX-2001 requires
-
-
-A short feature history dating from Bash-2.0:
-
-Bash-2.05a introduced the following new features:
-
-o The `printf' builtin has undergone major work
-
-o There is a new read-only `shopt' option: login_shell, which is set by
- login shells and unset otherwise
-
-o New `\A' prompt string escape sequence; expanding to time in 24-hour
- HH:MM format
-
-o New `-A group/-g' option to complete and compgen; goes group name
- completion
-
-o New [+-]O invocation option to set and unset `shopt' options at startup
-
-o ksh-like `ERR' trap
-
-o `for' loops now allow empty word lists after the `in' reserved word
-
-o new `hard' and `soft' arguments for the `ulimit' builtin
-
-o Readline can be configured to place the user at the same point on the line
- when retrieving commands from the history list
-
-o Readline can be configured to skip `hidden' files (filenames with a leading
- `.' on Unix) when performing completion
-
-Bash-2.05 introduced the following new features:
-
-o This version has once again reverted to using locales and strcoll(3) when
- processing pattern matching bracket expressions, as POSIX requires.
-o Added a new `--init-file' invocation argument as a synonym for `--rcfile',
- per the new GNU coding standards.
-o The /dev/tcp and /dev/udp redirections now accept service names as well as
- port numbers.
-o `complete' and `compgen' now take a `-o value' option, which controls some
- of the aspects of that compspec. Valid values are:
-
- default - perform bash default completion if programmable
- completion produces no matches
- dirnames - perform directory name completion if programmable
- completion produces no matches
- filenames - tell readline that the compspec produces filenames,
- so it can do things like append slashes to
- directory names and suppress trailing spaces
-o A new loadable builtin, realpath, which canonicalizes and expands symlinks
- in pathname arguments.
-o When `set' is called without options, it prints function defintions in a
- way that allows them to be reused as input. This affects `declare' and
- `declare -p' as well. This only happens when the shell is not in POSIX
- mode, since POSIX.2 forbids this behavior.
-
-Bash-2.04 introduced the following new features:
-
-o Programmable word completion with the new `complete' and `compgen' builtins;
- examples are provided in examples/complete/complete-examples
-o `history' has a new `-d' option to delete a history entry
-o `bind' has a new `-x' option to bind key sequences to shell commands
-o The prompt expansion code has new `\j' and `\l' escape sequences
-o The `no_empty_cmd_completion' shell option, if enabled, inhibits
- command completion when TAB is typed on an empty line
-o `help' has a new `-s' option to print a usage synopsis
-o New arithmetic operators: var++, var--, ++var, --var, expr1,expr2 (comma)
-o New ksh93-style arithmetic for command:
- for ((expr1 ; expr2; expr3 )); do list; done
-o `read' has new options: `-t', `-n', `-d', `-s'
-o The redirection code handles several filenames specially: /dev/fd/N,
- /dev/stdin, /dev/stdout, /dev/stderr
-o The redirection code now recognizes /dev/tcp/HOST/PORT and
- /dev/udp/HOST/PORT and tries to open a TCP or UDP socket, respectively,
- to the specified port on the specified host
-o The ${!prefix*} expansion has been implemented
-o A new FUNCNAME variable, which expands to the name of a currently-executing
- function
-o The GROUPS variable is no longer readonly
-o A new shopt `xpg_echo' variable, to control the behavior of echo with
- respect to backslash-escape sequences at runtime
-o The NON_INTERACTIVE_LOGIN_SHELLS #define has returned
-
-The version of Readline released with Bash-2.04, Readline-4.1, had several
-new features as well:
-
-o Parentheses matching is always compiled into readline, and controllable
- with the new `blink-matching-paren' variable
-o The history-search-forward and history-search-backward functions now leave
- point at the end of the line when the search string is empty, like
- reverse-search-history, and forward-search-history
-o A new function for applications: rl_on_new_line_with_prompt()
-o New variables for applications: rl_already_prompted, and rl_gnu_readline_p
-
-
-Bash-2.03 had very few new features, in keeping with the convention
-that odd-numbered releases provide mainly bug fixes. A number of new
-features were added to Readline, mostly at the request of the Cygnus
-folks.
-
-A new shopt option, `restricted_shell', so that startup files can test
- whether or not the shell was started in restricted mode
-Filename generation is now performed on the words between ( and ) in
- compound array assignments (this is really a bug fix)
-OLDPWD is now auto-exported, as POSIX.2 requires
-ENV and BASH_ENV are read-only variables in a restricted shell
-Bash may now be linked against an already-installed Readline library,
- as long as the Readline library is version 4 or newer
-All shells begun with the `--login' option will source the login shell
- startup files, even if the shell is not interactive
-
-There were lots of changes to the version of the Readline library released
-along with Bash-2.03. For a complete list of the changes, read the file
-CHANGES in the Bash-2.03 distribution.
-
-Bash-2.02 contained the following new features:
-
-a new version of malloc (based on the old GNU malloc code in previous
- bash versions) that is more page-oriented, more conservative
- with memory usage, does not `orphan' large blocks when they
- are freed, is usable on 64-bit machines, and has allocation
- checking turned on unconditionally
-POSIX.2-style globbing character classes ([:alpha:], [:alnum:], etc.)
-POSIX.2-style globbing equivalence classes
-POSIX.2-style globbing collating symbols
-the ksh [[...]] extended conditional command
-the ksh egrep-style extended pattern matching operators
-a new `printf' builtin
-the ksh-like $(<filename) command substitution, which is equivalent to
- $(cat filename)
-new tilde prefixes that expand to directories from the directory stack
-new `**' arithmetic operator to do exponentiation
-case-insensitive globbing (filename expansion)
-menu completion a la tcsh
-`magic-space' history expansion function like tcsh
-the readline inputrc `language' has a new file inclusion directive ($include)
-
-Bash-2.01 contained only a few new features:
-
-new `GROUPS' builtin array variable containing the user's group list
-new bindable readline commands: history-and-alias-expand-line and
- alias-expand-line
-
-Bash-2.0 contained extensive changes and new features from bash-1.14.7.
-Here's a short list:
-
-new `time' reserved word to time pipelines, shell builtins, and
- shell functions
-one-dimensional arrays with a new compound assignment statement,
- appropriate expansion constructs and modifications to some
- of the builtins (read, declare, etc.) to use them
-new quoting syntaxes for ANSI-C string expansion and locale-specific
- string translation
-new expansions to do substring extraction, pattern replacement, and
- indirect variable expansion
-new builtins: `disown' and `shopt'
-new variables: HISTIGNORE, SHELLOPTS, PIPESTATUS, DIRSTACK, GLOBIGNORE,
- MACHTYPE, BASH_VERSINFO
-special handling of many unused or redundant variables removed
- (e.g., $notify, $glob_dot_filenames, $no_exit_on_failed_exec)
-dynamic loading of new builtin commands; many loadable examples provided
-new prompt expansions: \a, \e, \n, \H, \T, \@, \v, \V
-history and aliases available in shell scripts
-new readline variables: enable-keypad, mark-directories, input-meta,
- visible-stats, disable-completion, comment-begin
-new readline commands to manipulate the mark and operate on the region
-new readline emacs mode commands and bindings for ksh-88 compatibility
-updated and extended builtins
-new DEBUG trap
-expanded (and now documented) restricted shell mode
-
-implementation stuff:
-autoconf-based configuration
-nearly all of the bugs reported since version 1.14 have been fixed
-most builtins converted to use builtin `getopt' for consistency
-most builtins use -p option to display output in a reusable form
- (for consistency)
-grammar tighter and smaller (66 reduce-reduce conflicts gone)
-lots of code now smaller and faster
-test suite greatly expanded
-
-B2) Are there any user-visible incompatibilities between bash-2.05b and
- bash-1.14.7?
-
-There are a few incompatibilities between version 1.14.7 and version 2.05b.
-They are detailed in the file COMPAT in the bash distribution. That file
-is not meant to be all-encompassing; send mail to bash-maintainers@gnu.org
-if if you find something that's not mentioned there.
-
-Section C: Differences from other Unix shells
-
-C1) How does bash differ from sh, the Bourne shell?
-
-This is a non-comprehensive list of features that differentiate bash
-from the SVR4.2 shell. The bash manual page explains these more
-completely.
-
-Things bash has that sh does not:
- long invocation options
- [+-]O invocation option
- -l invocation option
- `!' reserved word to invert pipeline return value
- `time' reserved word to time pipelines and shell builtins
- the `function' reserved word
- the `select' compound command and reserved word
- arithmetic for command: for ((expr1 ; expr2; expr3 )); do list; done
- new $'...' and $"..." quoting
- the $(...) form of command substitution
- the $(<filename) form of command substitution, equivalent to
- $(cat filename)
- the ${#param} parameter value length operator
- the ${!param} indirect parameter expansion operator
- the ${!param*} prefix expansion operator
- the ${param:offset[:length]} parameter substring operator
- the ${param/pat[/string]} parameter pattern substitution operator
- expansions to perform substring removal (${p%[%]w}, ${p#[#]w})
- expansion of positional parameters beyond $9 with ${num}
- variables: BASH, BASH_VERSION, BASH_VERSINFO, UID, EUID, REPLY,
- TIMEFORMAT, PPID, PWD, OLDPWD, SHLVL, RANDOM, SECONDS,
- LINENO, HISTCMD, HOSTTYPE, OSTYPE, MACHTYPE, HOSTNAME,
- ENV, PS3, PS4, DIRSTACK, PIPESTATUS, HISTSIZE, HISTFILE,
- HISTFILESIZE, HISTCONTROL, HISTIGNORE, GLOBIGNORE, GROUPS,
- PROMPT_COMMAND, FCEDIT, FIGNORE, IGNOREEOF, INPUTRC,
- SHELLOPTS, OPTERR, HOSTFILE, TMOUT, FUNCNAME, histchars,
- auto_resume
- DEBUG trap
- ERR trap
- variable arrays with new compound assignment syntax
- redirections: <>, &>, >|, <<<, [n]<&word-, [n]>&word-
- prompt string special char translation and variable expansion
- auto-export of variables in initial environment
- command search finds functions before builtins
- bash return builtin will exit a file sourced with `.'
- builtins: cd -/-L/-P, exec -l/-c/-a, echo -e/-E, hash -d/-l/-p/-t.
- export -n/-f/-p/name=value, pwd -L/-P,
- read -e/-p/-a/-t/-n/-d/-s/-u,
- readonly -a/-f/name=value, trap -l, set +o,
- set -b/-m/-o option/-h/-p/-B/-C/-H/-P,
- unset -f/-v, ulimit -m/-p/-u,
- type -a/-p/-t/-f/-P, suspend -f, kill -n,
- test -o optname/s1 == s2/s1 < s2/s1 > s2/-nt/-ot/-ef/-O/-G/-S
- bash reads ~/.bashrc for interactive shells, $ENV for non-interactive
- bash restricted shell mode is more extensive
- bash allows functions and variables with the same name
- brace expansion
- tilde expansion
- arithmetic expansion with $((...)) and `let' builtin
- the `[[...]]' extended conditional command
- process substitution
- aliases and alias/unalias builtins
- local variables in functions and `local' builtin
- readline and command-line editing with programmable completion
- command history and history/fc builtins
- csh-like history expansion
- other new bash builtins: bind, command, compgen, complete, builtin,
- declare/typeset, dirs, enable, fc, help,
- history, logout, popd, pushd, disown, shopt,
- printf
- exported functions
- filename generation when using output redirection (command >a*)
- POSIX.2-style globbing character classes
- POSIX.2-style globbing equivalence classes
- POSIX.2-style globbing collating symbols
- egrep-like extended pattern matching operators
- case-insensitive pattern matching and globbing
- variable assignments preceding commands affect only that command,
- even for builtins and functions
- posix mode
- redirection to /dev/fd/N, /dev/stdin, /dev/stdout, /dev/stderr,
- /dev/tcp/host/port, /dev/udp/host/port
-
-Things sh has that bash does not:
- uses variable SHACCT to do shell accounting
- includes `stop' builtin (bash can use alias stop='kill -s STOP')
- `newgrp' builtin
- turns on job control if called as `jsh'
- $TIMEOUT (like bash $TMOUT)
- `^' is a synonym for `|'
- new SVR4.2 sh builtins: mldmode, priv
-
-Implementation differences:
- redirection to/from compound commands causes sh to create a subshell
- bash does not allow unbalanced quotes; sh silently inserts them at EOF
- bash does not mess with signal 11
- sh sets (euid, egid) to (uid, gid) if -p not supplied and uid < 100
- bash splits only the results of expansions on IFS, using POSIX.2
- field splitting rules; sh splits all words on IFS
- sh does not allow MAILCHECK to be unset (?)
- sh does not allow traps on SIGALRM or SIGCHLD
- bash allows multiple option arguments when invoked (e.g. -x -v);
- sh allows only a single option argument (`sh -x -v' attempts
- to open a file named `-v', and, on SunOS 4.1.4, dumps core.
- On Solaris 2.4 and earlier versions, sh goes into an infinite
- loop.)
- sh exits a script if any builtin fails; bash exits only if one of
- the POSIX.2 `special' builtins fails
-
-C2) How does bash differ from the Korn shell, version ksh88?
-
-Things bash has or uses that ksh88 does not:
- long invocation options
- [-+]O invocation option
- -l invocation option
- `!' reserved word
- arithmetic for command: for ((expr1 ; expr2; expr3 )); do list; done
- arithmetic in largest machine-supported size (intmax_t)
- posix mode and posix conformance
- command hashing
- tilde expansion for assignment statements that look like $PATH
- process substitution with named pipes if /dev/fd is not available
- the ${!param} indirect parameter expansion operator
- the ${!param*} prefix expansion operator
- the ${param:offset[:length]} parameter substring operator
- the ${param/pat[/string]} parameter pattern substitution operator
- variables: BASH, BASH_VERSION, BASH_VERSINFO, UID, EUID, SHLVL,
- TIMEFORMAT, HISTCMD, HOSTTYPE, OSTYPE, MACHTYPE,
- HISTFILESIZE, HISTIGNORE, HISTCONTROL, PROMPT_COMMAND,
- IGNOREEOF, FIGNORE, INPUTRC, HOSTFILE, DIRSTACK,
- PIPESTATUS, HOSTNAME, OPTERR, SHELLOPTS, GLOBIGNORE,
- GROUPS, FUNCNAME, histchars, auto_resume
- prompt expansion with backslash escapes and command substitution
- redirection: &> (stdout and stderr), <<<, [n]<&word-, [n]>&word-
- more extensive and extensible editing and programmable completion
- builtins: bind, builtin, command, declare, dirs, echo -e/-E, enable,
- exec -l/-c/-a, fc -s, export -n/-f/-p, hash, help, history,
- jobs -x/-r/-s, kill -s/-n/-l, local, logout, popd, pushd,
- read -e/-p/-a/-t/-n/-d/-s, readonly -a/-n/-f/-p,
- set -o braceexpand/-o histexpand/-o interactive-comments/
- -o notify/-o physical/-o posix/-o hashall/-o onecmd/
- -h/-B/-C/-b/-H/-P, set +o, suspend, trap -l, type,
- typeset -a/-F/-p, ulimit -u, umask -S, alias -p, shopt,
- disown, printf, complete, compgen
- `!' csh-style history expansion
- POSIX.2-style globbing character classes
- POSIX.2-style globbing equivalence classes
- POSIX.2-style globbing collating symbols
- egrep-like extended pattern matching operators
- case-insensitive pattern matching and globbing
- `**' arithmetic operator to do exponentiation
- redirection to /dev/fd/N, /dev/stdin, /dev/stdout, /dev/stderr
- arrays of unlimited size
- TMOUT is default timeout for `read' and `select'
-
-Things ksh88 has or uses that bash does not:
- tracked aliases (alias -t)
- variables: ERRNO, FPATH, EDITOR, VISUAL
- co-processes (|&, >&p, <&p)
- weirdly-scoped functions
- typeset +f to list all function names without definitions
- text of command history kept in a file, not memory
- builtins: alias -x, cd old new, fc -e -, newgrp, print,
- read -p/-s/var?prompt, set -A/-o gmacs/
- -o bgnice/-o markdirs/-o nolog/-o trackall/-o viraw/-s,
- typeset -H/-L/-R/-Z/-A/-ft/-fu/-fx/-l/-u/-t, whence
- using environment to pass attributes of exported variables
- arithmetic evaluation done on arguments to some builtins
- reads .profile from $PWD when invoked as login shell
-
-Implementation differences:
- ksh runs last command of a pipeline in parent shell context
- bash has brace expansion by default (ksh88 compile-time option)
- bash has fixed startup file for all interactive shells; ksh reads $ENV
- bash has exported functions
- bash command search finds functions before builtins
- bash waits for all commands in pipeline to exit before returning status
- emacs-mode editing has some slightly different key bindings
-
-C3) Which new features in ksh-93 are not in bash, and which are?
-
-New things in ksh-93 not in bash-2.05b:
- associative arrays
- floating point arithmetic and variables
- math library functions
- ${!name[sub]} name of subscript for associative array
- `.' is allowed in variable names to create a hierarchical namespace
- more extensive compound assignment syntax
- discipline functions
- `sleep' and `getconf' builtins (bash has loadable versions)
- typeset -n and `nameref' variables
- KEYBD trap
- variables: .sh.edchar, .sh.edmode, .sh.edcol, .sh.edtext, .sh.version,
- .sh.name, .sh.subscript, .sh.value, .sh.match, HISTEDIT
- backreferences in pattern matching (\N)
- `&' operator in pattern lists for matching
- print -f (bash uses printf)
- `fc' has been renamed to `hist'
- `.' can execute shell functions
- exit statuses between 0 and 255
- set -o pipefail
- `+=' variable assignment operator
- FPATH and PATH mixing
- getopts -a
- -I invocation option
- DEBUG trap now executed before each simple command, instead of after
- printf %H, %P, %T, %Z modifiers, output base for %d
- lexical scoping for local variables in `ksh' functions
- no scoping for local variables in `POSIX' functions
-
-New things in ksh-93 present in bash-2.05b:
- [n]<&word- and [n]>&word- redirections (combination dup and close)
- for (( expr1; expr2; expr3 )) ; do list; done - arithmetic for command
- ?:, ++, --, `expr1 , expr2' arithmetic operators
- expansions: ${!param}, ${param:offset[:len]}, ${param/pat[/str]},
- ${!param*}
- compound array assignment
- the `!' reserved word
- loadable builtins -- but ksh uses `builtin' while bash uses `enable'
- `command', `builtin', `disown' builtins
- new $'...' and $"..." quoting
- FIGNORE (but bash uses GLOBIGNORE), HISTCMD
- set -o notify/-C
- changes to kill builtin
- read -A (bash uses read -a)
- read -t/-d
- trap -p
- exec -c/-a
- `.' restores the positional parameters when it completes
- POSIX.2 `test'
- umask -S
- unalias -a
- command and arithmetic substitution performed on PS1, PS4, and ENV
- command name completion
- ENV processed only for interactive shells
-
-Section D: Why does bash do some things differently than other Unix shells?
-
-D1) Why does bash run a different version of `command' than
- `which command' says it will?
-
-On many systems, `which' is actually a csh script that assumes
-you're running csh. In tcsh, `which' and its cousin `where'
-are builtins. On other Unix systems, `which' is a perl script
-that uses the PATH environment variable.
-
-The csh script version reads the csh startup files from your
-home directory and uses those to determine which `command' will
-be invoked. Since bash doesn't use any of those startup files,
-there's a good chance that your bash environment differs from
-your csh environment. The bash `type' builtin does everything
-`which' does, and will report correct results for the running
-shell. If you're really wedded to the name `which', try adding
-the following function definition to your .bashrc:
-
- which()
- {
- builtin type "$@"
- }
-
-If you're moving from tcsh and would like to bring `where' along
-as well, use this function:
-
- where()
- {
- builtin type -a "$@"
- }
-
-D2) Why doesn't bash treat brace expansions exactly like csh?
-
-The only difference between bash and csh brace expansion is that
-bash requires a brace expression to contain at least one unquoted
-comma if it is to be expanded. Any brace-surrounded word not
-containing an unquoted comma is left unchanged by the brace
-expansion code. This affords the greatest degree of sh
-compatibility.
-
-Bash, ksh, zsh, and pd-ksh all implement brace expansion this way.
-
-D3) Why doesn't bash have csh variable modifiers?
-
-Posix has specified a more powerful, albeit somewhat more cryptic,
-mechanism cribbed from ksh, and bash implements it.
-
-${parameter%word}
- Remove smallest suffix pattern. The WORD is expanded to produce
- a pattern. It then expands to the value of PARAMETER, with the
- smallest portion of the suffix matched by the pattern deleted.
-
- x=file.c
- echo ${x%.c}.o
- -->file.o
-
-${parameter%%word}
-
- Remove largest suffix pattern. The WORD is expanded to produce
- a pattern. It then expands to the value of PARAMETER, with the
- largest portion of the suffix matched by the pattern deleted.
-
- x=posix/src/std
- echo ${x%%/*}
- -->posix
-
-${parameter#word}
- Remove smallest prefix pattern. The WORD is expanded to produce
- a pattern. It then expands to the value of PARAMETER, with the
- smallest portion of the prefix matched by the pattern deleted.
-
- x=$HOME/src/cmd
- echo ${x#$HOME}
- -->/src/cmd
-
-${parameter##word}
- Remove largest prefix pattern. The WORD is expanded to produce
- a pattern. It then expands to the value of PARAMETER, with the
- largest portion of the prefix matched by the pattern deleted.
-
- x=/one/two/three
- echo ${x##*/}
- -->three
-
-
-Given
- a=/a/b/c/d
- b=b.xxx
-
- csh bash result
- --- ---- ------
- $a:h ${a%/*} /a/b/c
- $a:t ${a##*/} d
- $b:r ${b%.*} b
- $b:e ${b##*.} xxx
-
-
-D4) How can I make my csh aliases work when I convert to bash?
-
-Bash uses a different syntax to support aliases than csh does.
-The details can be found in the documentation. We have provided
-a shell script which does most of the work of conversion for you;
-this script can be found in ./examples/misc/aliasconv.sh. Here is
-how you use it:
-
-Start csh in the normal way for you. (e.g., `csh')
-
-Pipe the output of `alias' through `aliasconv.sh', saving the
-results into `bash_aliases':
-
- alias | bash aliasconv.sh >bash_aliases
-
-Edit `bash_aliases', carefully reading through any created
-functions. You will need to change the names of some csh specific
-variables to the bash equivalents. The script converts $cwd to
-$PWD, $term to $TERM, $home to $HOME, $user to $USER, and $prompt
-to $PS1. You may also have to add quotes to avoid unwanted
-expansion.
-
-For example, the csh alias:
-
- alias cd 'cd \!*; echo $cwd'
-
-is converted to the bash function:
-
- cd () { command cd "$@"; echo $PWD ; }
-
-The only thing that needs to be done is to quote $PWD:
-
- cd () { command cd "$@"; echo "$PWD" ; }
-
-Merge the edited file into your ~/.bashrc.
-
-There is an additional, more ambitious, script in
-examples/misc/cshtobash that attempts to convert your entire csh
-environment to its bash equivalent. This script can be run as
-simply `cshtobash' to convert your normal interactive
-environment, or as `cshtobash ~/.login' to convert your login
-environment.
-
-D5) How can I pipe standard output and standard error from one command to
- another, like csh does with `|&'?
-
-Use
- command 2>&1 | command2
-
-The key is to remember that piping is performed before redirection, so
-file descriptor 1 points to the pipe when it is duplicated onto file
-descriptor 2.
-
-D6) Now that I've converted from ksh to bash, are there equivalents to
- ksh features like autoloaded functions and the `whence' command?
-
-There are features in ksh-88 and ksh-93 that do not have direct bash
-equivalents. Most, however, can be emulated with very little trouble.
-
-ksh-88 feature Bash equivalent
--------------- ---------------
-compiled-in aliases set up aliases in .bashrc; some ksh aliases are
- bash builtins (hash, history, type)
-coprocesses named pipe pairs (one for read, one for write)
-typeset +f declare -F
-cd, print, whence function substitutes in examples/functions/kshenv
-autoloaded functions examples/functions/autoload is the same as typeset -fu
-read var?prompt read -p prompt var
-
-ksh-93 feature Bash equivalent
--------------- ---------------
-sleep, getconf Bash has loadable versions in examples/loadables
-${.sh.version} $BASH_VERSION
-print -f printf
-hist alias hist=fc
-$HISTEDIT $FCEDIT
-
-Section E: How can I get bash to do certain things, and why does bash do
- things the way it does?
-
-E1) Why is the bash builtin `test' slightly different from /bin/test?
-
-The specific example used here is [ ! x -o x ], which is false.
-
-Bash's builtin `test' implements the Posix.2 spec, which can be
-summarized as follows (the wording is due to David Korn):
-
-Here is the set of rules for processing test arguments.
-
- 0 Args: False
- 1 Arg: True iff argument is not null.
- 2 Args: If first arg is !, True iff second argument is null.
- If first argument is unary, then true if unary test is true
- Otherwise error.
- 3 Args: If second argument is a binary operator, do binary test of $1 $3
- If first argument is !, negate two argument test of $2 $3
- If first argument is `(' and third argument is `)', do the
- one-argument test of the second argument.
- Otherwise error.
- 4 Args: If first argument is !, negate three argument test of $2 $3 $4.
- Otherwise unspecified
- 5 or more Args: unspecified. (Historical shells would use their
- current algorithm).
-
-The operators -a and -o are considered binary operators for the purpose
-of the 3 Arg case.
-
-As you can see, the test becomes (not (x or x)), which is false.
-
-E2) Why does bash sometimes say `Broken pipe'?
-
-If a sequence of commands appears in a pipeline, and one of the
-reading commands finishes before the writer has finished, the
-writer receives a SIGPIPE signal. Many other shells special-case
-SIGPIPE as an exit status in the pipeline and do not report it.
-For example, in:
-
- ps -aux | head
-
-`head' can finish before `ps' writes all of its output, and ps
-will try to write on a pipe without a reader. In that case, bash
-will print `Broken pipe' to stderr when ps is killed by a
-SIGPIPE.
-
-You can build a version of bash that will not report SIGPIPE errors
-by uncommenting the definition of DONT_REPORT_SIGPIPE in the file
-config-top.h.
-
-E3) When I have terminal escape sequences in my prompt, why does bash
- wrap lines at the wrong column?
-
-Readline, the line editing library that bash uses, does not know
-that the terminal escape sequences do not take up space on the
-screen. The redisplay code assumes, unless told otherwise, that
-each character in the prompt is a `printable' character that
-takes up one character position on the screen.
-
-You can use the bash prompt expansion facility (see the PROMPTING
-section in the manual page) to tell readline that sequences of
-characters in the prompt strings take up no screen space.
-
-Use the \[ escape to begin a sequence of non-printing characters,
-and the \] escape to signal the end of such a sequence.
-
-E4) If I pipe the output of a command into `read variable', why doesn't
- the output show up in $variable when the read command finishes?
-
-This has to do with the parent-child relationship between Unix
-processes. It affects all commands run in pipelines, not just
-simple calls to `read'. For example, piping a command's output
-into a `while' loop that repeatedly calls `read' will result in
-the same behavior.
-
-Each element of a pipeline runs in a separate process, a child of
-the shell running the pipeline. A subprocess cannot affect its
-parent's environment. When the `read' command sets the variable
-to the input, that variable is set only in the subshell, not the
-parent shell. When the subshell exits, the value of the variable
-is lost.
-
-Many pipelines that end with `read variable' can be converted
-into command substitutions, which will capture the output of
-a specified command. The output can then be assigned to a
-variable:
-
- grep ^gnu /usr/lib/news/active | wc -l | read ngroup
-
-can be converted into
-
- ngroup=$(grep ^gnu /usr/lib/news/active | wc -l)
-
-This does not, unfortunately, work to split the text among
-multiple variables, as read does when given multiple variable
-arguments. If you need to do this, you can either use the
-command substitution above to read the output into a variable
-and chop up the variable using the bash pattern removal
-expansion operators or use some variant of the following
-approach.
-
-Say /usr/local/bin/ipaddr is the following shell script:
-
-#! /bin/sh
-host `hostname` | awk '/address/ {print $NF}'
-
-Instead of using
-
- /usr/local/bin/ipaddr | read A B C D
-
-to break the local machine's IP address into separate octets, use
-
- OIFS="$IFS"
- IFS=.
- set -- $(/usr/local/bin/ipaddr)
- IFS="$OIFS"
- A="$1" B="$2" C="$3" D="$4"
-
-Beware, however, that this will change the shell's positional
-parameters. If you need them, you should save them before doing
-this.
-
-This is the general approach -- in most cases you will not need to
-set $IFS to a different value.
-
-Some other user-supplied alternatives include:
-
-read A B C D << HERE
- $(IFS=.; echo $(/usr/local/bin/ipaddr))
-HERE
-
-and, where process substitution is available,
-
-read A B C D < <(IFS=.; echo $(/usr/local/bin/ipaddr))
-
-E5) I have a bunch of shell scripts that use backslash-escaped characters
- in arguments to `echo'. Bash doesn't interpret these characters. Why
- not, and how can I make it understand them?
-
-This is the behavior of echo on most Unix System V machines.
-
-The bash builtin `echo' is modeled after the 9th Edition
-Research Unix version of `echo'. It does not interpret
-backslash-escaped characters in its argument strings by default;
-it requires the use of the -e option to enable the
-interpretation. The System V echo provides no way to disable the
-special characters; the bash echo has a -E option to disable
-them.
-
-There is a configuration option that will make bash behave like
-the System V echo and interpret things like `\t' by default. Run
-configure with the --enable-xpg-echo-default option to turn this
-on. Be aware that this will cause some of the tests run when you
-type `make tests' to fail.
-
-There is a shell option, `xpg_echo', settable with `shopt', that will
-change the behavior of echo at runtime. Enabling this option turns
-on expansion of backslash-escape sequences.
-
-E6) Why doesn't a while or for loop get suspended when I type ^Z?
-
-This is a consequence of how job control works on Unix. The only
-thing that can be suspended is the process group. This is a single
-command or pipeline of commands that the shell forks and executes.
-
-When you run a while or for loop, the only thing that the shell forks
-and executes are any commands in the while loop test and commands in
-the loop bodies. These, therefore, are the only things that can be
-suspended when you type ^Z.
-
-If you want to be able to stop the entire loop, you need to put it
-within parentheses, which will force the loop into a subshell that
-may be stopped (and subsequently restarted) as a single unit.
-
-E7) What about empty for loops in Makefiles?
-
-It's fairly common to see constructs like this in automatically-generated
-Makefiles:
-
-SUBDIRS = @SUBDIRS@
-
- ...
-
-subdirs-clean:
- for d in ${SUBDIRS}; do \
- ( cd $$d && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} clean ) \
- done
-
-When SUBDIRS is empty, this results in a command like this being passed to
-bash:
-
- for d in ; do
- ( cd $d && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} clean )
- done
-
-In versions of bash before bash-2.05a, this was a syntax error. If the
-reserved word `in' was present, a word must follow it before the semicolon
-or newline. The language in the manual page referring to the list of words
-being empty referred to the list after it is expanded. These versions of
-bash required that there be at least one word following the `in' when the
-construct was parsed.
-
-The idiomatic Makefile solution is something like:
-
-SUBDIRS = @SUBDIRS@
-
-subdirs-clean:
- subdirs=$SUBDIRS ; for d in $$subdirs; do \
- ( cd $$d && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} clean ) \
- done
-
-The latest drafts of the updated POSIX standard have changed this: the
-word list is no longer required. Bash versions 2.05a and later accept
-the new syntax.
-
-E8) Why does the arithmetic evaluation code complain about `08'?
-
-The bash arithmetic evaluation code (used for `let', $(()), (()), and in
-other places), interprets a leading `0' in numeric constants as denoting
-an octal number, and a leading `0x' as denoting hexadecimal. This is
-in accordance with the POSIX.2 spec, section 2.9.2.1, which states that
-arithmetic constants should be handled as signed long integers as defined
-by the ANSI/ISO C standard.
-
-The POSIX.2 interpretation committee has confirmed this:
-
-http://www.pasc.org/interps/unofficial/db/p1003.2/pasc-1003.2-173.html
-
-E9) Why does the pattern matching expression [A-Z]* match files beginning
- with every letter except `z'?
-
-Bash-2.03, Bash-2.05 and later versions honor the current locale setting
-when processing ranges within pattern matching bracket expressions ([A-Z]).
-This is what POSIX.2 and SUSv3/XPG6 specify.
-
-The behavior of the matcher in bash-2.05 and later versions depends on the
-current LC_COLLATE setting. Setting this variable to `C' or `POSIX' will
-result in the traditional behavior ([A-Z] matches all uppercase ASCII
-characters). Many other locales, including the en_US locale (the default
-on many US versions of Linux) collate the upper and lower case letters like
-this:
-
- AaBb...Zz
-
-which means that [A-Z] matches every letter except `z'. Others collate like
-
- aAbBcC...zZ
-
-which means that [A-Z] matches every letter except `a'.
-
-The portable way to specify upper case letters is [:upper:] instead of
-A-Z; lower case may be specified as [:lower:] instead of a-z.
-
-Look at the manual pages for setlocale(3), strcoll(3), and, if it is
-present, locale(1). If you have locale(1), you can use it to find
-your current locale information even if you do not have any of the
-LC_ variables set.
-
-My advice is to put
-
- export LC_COLLATE=C
-
-into /etc/profile and inspect any shell scripts run from cron for
-constructs like [A-Z]. This will prevent things like
-
- rm [A-Z]*
-
-from removing every file in the current directory except those beginning
-with `z' and still allow individual users to change the collation order.
-Users may put the above command into their own profiles as well, of course.
-
-E10) Why does `cd //' leave $PWD as `//'?
-
-POSIX.2, in its description of `cd', says that *three* or more leading
-slashes may be replaced with a single slash when canonicalizing the
-current working directory.
-
-This is, I presume, for historical compatibility. Certain versions of
-Unix, and early network file systems, used paths of the form
-//hostname/path to access `path' on server `hostname'.
-
-E11) If I resize my xterm while another program is running, why doesn't bash
- notice the change?
-
-This is another issue that deals with job control.
-
-The kernel maintains a notion of a current terminal process group. Members
-of this process group (processes whose process group ID is equal to the
-current terminal process group ID) receive terminal-generated signals like
-SIGWINCH. (For more details, see the JOB CONTROL section of the bash
-man page.)
-
-If a terminal is resized, the kernel sends SIGWINCH to each member of
-the terminal's current process group (the `foreground' process group).
-
-When bash is running with job control enabled, each pipeline (which may be
-a single command) is run in its own process group, different from bash's
-process group. This foreground process group receives the SIGWINCH; bash
-does not. Bash has no way of knowing that the terminal has been resized.
-
-There is a `checkwinsize' option, settable with the `shopt' builtin, that
-will cause bash to check the window size and adjust its idea of the
-terminal's dimensions each time a process stops or exits and returns control
-of the terminal to bash. Enable it with `shopt -s checkwinsize'.
-
-Section F: Things to watch out for on certain Unix versions
-
-F1) Why can't I use command line editing in my `cmdtool'?
-
-The problem is `cmdtool' and bash fighting over the input. When
-scrolling is enabled in a cmdtool window, cmdtool puts the tty in
-`raw mode' to permit command-line editing using the mouse for
-applications that cannot do it themselves. As a result, bash and
-cmdtool each try to read keyboard input immediately, with neither
-getting enough of it to be useful.
-
-This mode also causes cmdtool to not implement many of the
-terminal functions and control sequences appearing in the
-`sun-cmd' termcap entry. For a more complete explanation, see
-that file examples/suncmd.termcap in the bash distribution.
-
-`xterm' is a better choice, and gets along with bash much more
-smoothly.
-
-If you must use cmdtool, you can use the termcap description in
-examples/suncmd.termcap. Set the TERMCAP variable to the terminal
-description contained in that file, i.e.
-
-TERMCAP='Mu|sun-cmd:am:bs:km:pt:li#34:co#80:cl=^L:ce=\E[K:cd=\E[J:rs=\E[s:'
-
-Then export TERMCAP and start a new cmdtool window from that shell.
-The bash command-line editing should behave better in the new
-cmdtool. If this works, you can put the assignment to TERMCAP
-in your bashrc file.
-
-F2) I built bash on Solaris 2. Why do globbing expansions and filename
- completion chop off the first few characters of each filename?
-
-This is the consequence of building bash on SunOS 5 and linking
-with the libraries in /usr/ucblib, but using the definitions
-and structures from files in /usr/include.
-
-The actual conflict is between the dirent structure in
-/usr/include/dirent.h and the struct returned by the version of
-`readdir' in libucb.a (a 4.3-BSD style `struct direct').
-
-Make sure you've got /usr/ccs/bin ahead of /usr/ucb in your $PATH
-when configuring and building bash. This will ensure that you
-use /usr/ccs/bin/cc or acc instead of /usr/ucb/cc and that you
-link with libc before libucb.
-
-If you have installed the Sun C compiler, you may also need to
-put /usr/ccs/bin and /opt/SUNWspro/bin into your $PATH before
-/usr/ucb.
-
-F3) Why does bash dump core after I interrupt username completion or
- `~user' tilde expansion on a machine running NIS?
-
-This is a famous and long-standing bug in the SunOS YP (sorry, NIS)
-client library, which is part of libc.
-
-The YP library code keeps static state -- a pointer into the data
-returned from the server. When YP initializes itself (setpwent),
-it looks at this pointer and calls free on it if it's non-null.
-So far, so good.
-
-If one of the YP functions is interrupted during getpwent (the
-exact function is interpretwithsave()), and returns NULL, the
-pointer is freed without being reset to NULL, and the function
-returns. The next time getpwent is called, it sees that this
-pointer is non-null, calls free, and the bash free() blows up
-because it's being asked to free freed memory.
-
-The traditional Unix mallocs allow memory to be freed multiple
-times; that's probably why this has never been fixed. You can
-run configure with the `--without-gnu-malloc' option to use
-the C library malloc and avoid the problem.
-
-F4) I'm running SVR4.2. Why is the line erased every time I type `@'?
-
-The `@' character is the default `line kill' character in most
-versions of System V, including SVR4.2. You can change this
-character to whatever you want using `stty'. For example, to
-change the line kill character to control-u, type
-
- stty kill ^U
-
-where the `^' and `U' can be two separate characters.
-
-F5) Why does bash report syntax errors when my C News scripts use a
- redirection before a subshell command?
-
-The actual command in question is something like
-
- < file ( command )
-
-According to the grammar given in the POSIX.2 standard, this construct
-is, in fact, a syntax error. Redirections may only precede `simple
-commands'. A subshell construct such as the above is one of the shell's
-`compound commands'. A redirection may only follow a compound command.
-
-This affects the mechanical transformation of commands that use `cat'
-to pipe a file into a command (a favorite Useless-Use-Of-Cat topic on
-comp.unix.shell). While most commands of the form
-
- cat file | command
-
-can be converted to `< file command', shell control structures such as
-loops and subshells require `command < file'.
-
-The file CWRU/sh-redir-hack in the bash-2.05a distribution is an
-(unofficial) patch to parse.y that will modify the grammar to
-support this construct. It will not apply with `patch'; you must
-modify parse.y by hand. Note that if you apply this, you must
-recompile with -DREDIRECTION_HACK. This introduces a large
-number of reduce/reduce conflicts into the shell grammar.
-
-F6) Why can't I use vi-mode editing on Red Hat Linux 6.1?
-
-The short answer is that Red Hat screwed up.
-
-The long answer is that they shipped an /etc/inputrc that only works
-for emacs mode editing, and then screwed all the vi users by setting
-INPUTRC to /etc/inputrc in /etc/profile.
-
-The short fix is to do one of the following: remove or rename
-/etc/inputrc, set INPUTRC=~/.inputrc in ~/.bashrc (or .bash_profile,
-but make sure you export it if you do), remove the assignment to
-INPUTRC from /etc/profile, add
-
- set keymap emacs
-
-to the beginning of /etc/inputrc, or bracket the key bindings in
-/etc/inputrc with these lines
-
- $if mode=emacs
- [...]
- $endif
-
-F7) Why do bash-2.05a and bash-2.05b fail to compile `printf.def' on
- HP/UX 11.x?
-
-HP/UX's support for long double is imperfect at best.
-
-GCC will support it without problems, but the HP C library functions
-like strtold(3) and printf(3) don't actually work with long doubles.
-HP implemented a `long_double' type as a 4-element array of 32-bit
-ints, and that is what the library functions use. The ANSI C
-`long double' type is a 128-bit floating point scalar.
-
-The easiest fix, until HP fixes things up, is to edit the generated
-config.h and #undef the HAVE_LONG_DOUBLE line. After doing that,
-the compilation should complete successfully.
-
-Section G: How can I get bash to do certain common things?
-
-G1) How can I get bash to read and display eight-bit characters?
-
-This is a process requiring several steps.
-
-First, you must ensure that the `physical' data path is a full eight
-bits. For xterms, for example, the `vt100' resources `eightBitInput'
-and `eightBitOutput' should be set to `true'.
-
-Once you have set up an eight-bit path, you must tell the kernel and
-tty driver to leave the eighth bit of characters alone when processing
-keyboard input. Use `stty' to do this:
-
- stty cs8 -istrip -parenb
-
-For old BSD-style systems, you can use
-
- stty pass8
-
-You may also need
-
- stty even odd
-
-Finally, you need to tell readline that you will be inputting and
-displaying eight-bit characters. You use readline variables to do
-this. These variables can be set in your .inputrc or using the bash
-`bind' builtin. Here's an example using `bind':
-
- bash$ bind 'set convert-meta off'
- bash$ bind 'set meta-flag on'
- bash$ bind 'set output-meta on'
-
-The `set' commands between the single quotes may also be placed
-in ~/.inputrc.
-
-G2) How do I write a function `x' to replace builtin command `x', but
- still invoke the command from within the function?
-
-This is why the `command' and `builtin' builtins exist. The
-`command' builtin executes the command supplied as its first
-argument, skipping over any function defined with that name. The
-`builtin' builtin executes the builtin command given as its first
-argument directly.
-
-For example, to write a function to replace `cd' that writes the
-hostname and current directory to an xterm title bar, use
-something like the following:
-
- cd()
- {
- builtin cd "$@" && xtitle "$HOST: $PWD"
- }
-
-This could also be written using `command' instead of `builtin';
-the version above is marginally more efficient.
-
-G3) How can I find the value of a shell variable whose name is the value
- of another shell variable?
-
-Versions of Bash newer than Bash-2.0 support this directly. You can use
-
- ${!var}
-
-For example, the following sequence of commands will echo `z':
-
- var1=var2
- var2=z
- echo ${!var1}
-
-For sh compatibility, use the `eval' builtin. The important
-thing to remember is that `eval' expands the arguments you give
-it again, so you need to quote the parts of the arguments that
-you want `eval' to act on.
-
-For example, this expression prints the value of the last positional
-parameter:
-
- eval echo \"\$\{$#\}\"
-
-The expansion of the quoted portions of this expression will be
-deferred until `eval' runs, while the `$#' will be expanded
-before `eval' is executed. In versions of bash later than bash-2.0,
-
- echo ${!#}
-
-does the same thing.
-
-This is not the same thing as ksh93 `nameref' variables, though the syntax
-is similar. I may add namerefs in a future bash version.
-
-G4) How can I make the bash `time' reserved word print timing output that
- looks like the output from my system's /usr/bin/time?
-
-The bash command timing code looks for a variable `TIMEFORMAT' and
-uses its value as a format string to decide how to display the
-timing statistics.
-
-The value of TIMEFORMAT is a string with `%' escapes expanded in a
-fashion similar in spirit to printf(3). The manual page explains
-the meanings of the escape sequences in the format string.
-
-If TIMEFORMAT is not set, bash acts as if the following assignment had
-been performed:
-
- TIMEFORMAT=$'\nreal\t%3lR\nuser\t%3lU\nsys\t%3lS'
-
-The POSIX.2 default time format (used by `time -p command') is
-
- TIMEFORMAT=$'real %2R\nuser %2U\nsys %2S'
-
-The BSD /usr/bin/time format can be emulated with:
-
- TIMEFORMAT=$'\t%1R real\t%1U user\t%1S sys'
-
-The System V /usr/bin/time format can be emulated with:
-
- TIMEFORMAT=$'\nreal\t%1R\nuser\t%1U\nsys\t%1S'
-
-The ksh format can be emulated with:
-
- TIMEFORMAT=$'\nreal\t%2lR\nuser\t%2lU\nsys\t%2lS'
-
-G5) How do I get the current directory into my prompt?
-
-Bash provides a number of backslash-escape sequences which are expanded
-when the prompt string (PS1 or PS2) is displayed. The full list is in
-the manual page.
-
-The \w expansion gives the full pathname of the current directory, with
-a tilde (`~') substituted for the current value of $HOME. The \W
-expansion gives the basename of the current directory. To put the full
-pathname of the current directory into the path without any tilde
-subsitution, use $PWD. Here are some examples:
-
- PS1='\w$ ' # current directory with tilde
- PS1='\W$ ' # basename of current directory
- PS1='$PWD$ ' # full pathname of current directory
-
-The single quotes are important in the final example to prevent $PWD from
-being expanded when the assignment to PS1 is performed.
-
-G6) How can I rename "*.foo" to "*.bar"?
-
-Use the pattern removal functionality described in D3. The following `for'
-loop will do the trick:
-
- for f in *.foo; do
- mv $f ${f%foo}bar
- done
-
-G7) How can I translate a filename from uppercase to lowercase?
-
-The script examples/functions/lowercase, originally written by John DuBois,
-will do the trick. The converse is left as an exercise.
-
-G8) How can I write a filename expansion (globbing) pattern that will match
- all files in the current directory except "." and ".."?
-
-You must have set the `extglob' shell option using `shopt -s extglob' to use
-this:
-
- echo .!(.|) *
-
-A solution that works without extended globbing is given in the Unix Shell
-FAQ, posted periodically to comp.unix.shell.
-
-Section H: Where do I go from here?
-
-H1) How do I report bugs in bash, and where should I look for fixes and
- advice?
-
-Use the `bashbug' script to report bugs. It is built and
-installed at the same time as bash. It provides a standard
-template for reporting a problem and automatically includes
-information about your configuration and build environment.
-
-`bashbug' sends its reports to bug-bash@gnu.org, which
-is a large mailing list gatewayed to the usenet newsgroup gnu.bash.bug.
-
-Bug fixes, answers to questions, and announcements of new releases
-are all posted to gnu.bash.bug. Discussions concerning bash features
-and problems also take place there.
-
-To reach the bash maintainers directly, send mail to
-bash-maintainers@gnu.org.
-
-H2) What kind of bash documentation is there?
-
-First, look in the doc directory in the bash distribution. It should
-contain at least the following files:
-
-bash.1 an extensive, thorough Unix-style manual page
-builtins.1 a manual page covering just bash builtin commands
-bashref.texi a reference manual in GNU tex`info format
-bashref.info an info version of the reference manual
-FAQ this file
-article.ms text of an article written for The Linux Journal
-readline.3 a man page describing readline
-
-Postscript, HTML, and ASCII files created from the above source are
-available in the documentation distribution.
-
-There is additional documentation available for anonymous FTP from host
-ftp.cwru.edu in the `pub/bash' directory.
-
-Cameron Newham and Bill Rosenblatt have written a book on bash, published
-by O'Reilly and Associates. The book is based on Bill Rosenblatt's Korn
-Shell book. The title is ``Learning the Bash Shell'', and the ISBN number
-is 1-56592-147-X. Look for it in fine bookstores near you. This book
-covers bash-1.14, but has an appendix describing some of the new features
-in bash-2.0.
-
-A second edition of this book is available, published in January, 1998.
-The ISBN number is 1-56592-347-2. Look for it in the same fine bookstores
-or on the web.
-
-The GNU Bash Reference Manual has been published as a printed book by
-Network Theory Ltd (Paperback, ISBN: 0-9541617-7-7, Feb 2003). It covers
-bash-2.0 and is available from most online bookstores (see
-http://www.network-theory.co.uk/bash/manual/ for details). The publisher
-will donate $1 to the Free Software Foundation for each copy sold.
-
-H3) What's coming in future versions?
-
-These are features I hope to include in a future version of bash.
-
-a better bash debugger (a minimally-tested version is included with bash-2.05b)
-associative arrays
-co-processes, but with a new-style syntax that looks like function declaration
-
-H4) What's on the bash `wish list' for future versions?
-
-These are features that may or may not appear in a future version of bash.
-
-breaking some of the shell functionality into embeddable libraries
-a module system like zsh's, using dynamic loading like builtins
-better internationalization using GNU `gettext'
-date-stamped command history
-a bash programmer's guide with a chapter on creating loadable builtins
-a better loadable interface to perl with access to the shell builtins and
- variables (contributions gratefully accepted)
-ksh93-like `nameref' variables
-ksh93-like `+=' variable assignment operator
-ksh93-like `xx.yy' variables (including some of the .sh.* variables) and
- associated disipline functions
-Some of the new ksh93 pattern matching operators, like backreferencing
-
-H5) When will the next release appear?
-
-The next version will appear sometime in 2002. Never make predictions.
-
-
-This document is Copyright 1995-2003 by Chester Ramey.
-
-Permission is hereby granted, without written agreement and
-without license or royalty fees, to use, copy, and distribute
-this document for any purpose, provided that the above copyright
-notice appears in all copies of this document and that the
-contents of this document remain unaltered.
+++ /dev/null
-\input texinfo.tex @c -*- texinfo -*-
-@c %**start of header
-@setfilename bashref.info
-@settitle Bash Reference Manual
-
-@include version.texi
-@c %**end of header
-
-@copying
-This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version @value{VERSION}, @value{UPDATED}).
-
-This is Edition @value{EDITION}, last updated @value{UPDATED},
-of @cite{The GNU Bash Reference Manual},
-for @code{Bash}, Version @value{VERSION}.
-
-Copyright @copyright{} 1988--2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-@quotation
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
-under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
-any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
-Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
-A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
-``GNU Free Documentation License''.
-@end quotation
-@end copying
-
-@defcodeindex bt
-@defcodeindex rw
-@set BashFeatures
-
-@dircategory Basics
-@direntry
-* Bash: (bash). The GNU Bourne-Again SHell.
-@end direntry
-
-@finalout
-
-@titlepage
-@title Bash Reference Manual
-@subtitle Reference Documentation for Bash
-@subtitle Edition @value{EDITION}, for @code{Bash} Version @value{VERSION}.
-@subtitle @value{UPDATED-MONTH}
-@author Chet Ramey, Case Western Reserve University
-@author Brian Fox, Free Software Foundation
-
-@page
-@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
-@insertcopying
-
-@end titlepage
-
-@contents
-
-@ifnottex
-@node Top, Introduction, (dir), (dir)
-@top Bash Features
-
-This text is a brief description of the features that are present in
-the Bash shell (version @value{VERSION}, @value{UPDATED}).
-The Bash home page is @url{http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/}.
-
-This is Edition @value{EDITION}, last updated @value{UPDATED},
-of @cite{The GNU Bash Reference Manual},
-for @code{Bash}, Version @value{VERSION}.
-
-Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some
-features that only appear in Bash. Some of the shells that Bash has
-borrowed concepts from are the Bourne Shell (@file{sh}), the Korn Shell
-(@file{ksh}), and the C-shell (@file{csh} and its successor,
-@file{tcsh}). The following menu breaks the features up into
-categories, noting which features were inspired by other shells and
-which are specific to Bash.
-
-This manual is meant as a brief introduction to features found in
-Bash. The Bash manual page should be used as the definitive
-reference on shell behavior.
-
-@menu
-* Introduction:: An introduction to the shell.
-* Definitions:: Some definitions used in the rest of this
- manual.
-* Basic Shell Features:: The shell "building blocks".
-* Shell Builtin Commands:: Commands that are a part of the shell.
-* Shell Variables:: Variables used or set by Bash.
-* Bash Features:: Features found only in Bash.
-* Job Control:: What job control is and how Bash allows you
- to use it.
-* Command Line Editing:: Chapter describing the command line
- editing features.
-* Using History Interactively:: Command History Expansion
-* Installing Bash:: How to build and install Bash on your system.
-* Reporting Bugs:: How to report bugs in Bash.
-* Major Differences From The Bourne Shell:: A terse list of the differences
- between Bash and historical
- versions of /bin/sh.
-* GNU Free Documentation License:: Copying and sharing this documentation.
-* Indexes:: Various indexes for this manual.
-@end menu
-@end ifnottex
-
-@node Introduction
-@chapter Introduction
-@menu
-* What is Bash?:: A short description of Bash.
-* What is a shell?:: A brief introduction to shells.
-@end menu
-
-@node What is Bash?
-@section What is Bash?
-
-Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter,
-for the @sc{gnu} operating system.
-The name is an acronym for the @samp{Bourne-Again SHell},
-a pun on Stephen Bourne, the author of the direct ancestor of
-the current Unix shell @code{sh},
-which appeared in the Seventh Edition Bell Labs Research version
-of Unix.
-
-Bash is largely compatible with @code{sh} and incorporates useful
-features from the Korn shell @code{ksh} and the C shell @code{csh}.
-It is intended to be a conformant implementation of the @sc{ieee}
-@sc{posix} Shell and Tools portion of the @sc{ieee} @sc{posix}
-specification (@sc{ieee} Standard 1003.1).
-It offers functional improvements over @code{sh} for both interactive and
-programming use.
-
-While the @sc{gnu} operating system provides other shells, including
-a version of @code{csh}, Bash is the default shell.
-Like other @sc{gnu} software, Bash is quite portable. It currently runs
-on nearly every version of Unix and a few other operating systems @minus{}
-independently-supported ports exist for @sc{ms-dos}, @sc{os/2},
-and Windows platforms.
-
-@node What is a shell?
-@section What is a shell?
-
-At its base, a shell is simply a macro processor that executes
-commands. The term macro processor means functionality where text
-and symbols are expanded to create larger expressions.
-
-A Unix shell is both a command interpreter and a programming
-language. As a command interpreter, the shell provides the user
-interface to the rich set of @sc{gnu} utilities. The programming
-language features allow these utilities to be combined.
-Files containing commands can be created, and become
-commands themselves. These new commands have the same status as
-system commands in directories such as @file{/bin}, allowing users
-or groups to establish custom environments to automate their common
-tasks.
-
-Shells may be used interactively or non-interactively. In
-interactive mode, they accept input typed from the keyboard.
-When executing non-interactively, shells execute commands read
-from a file.
-
-A shell allows execution of @sc{gnu} commands, both synchronously and
-asynchronously.
-The shell waits for synchronous commands to complete before accepting
-more input; asynchronous commands continue to execute in parallel
-with the shell while it reads and executes additional commands.
-The @dfn{redirection} constructs permit
-fine-grained control of the input and output of those commands.
-Moreover, the shell allows control over the contents of commands'
-environments.
-
-Shells also provide a small set of built-in
-commands (@dfn{builtins}) implementing functionality impossible
-or inconvenient to obtain via separate utilities.
-For example, @code{cd}, @code{break}, @code{continue}, and
-@code{exec} cannot be implemented outside of the shell because
-they directly manipulate the shell itself.
-The @code{history}, @code{getopts}, @code{kill}, or @code{pwd}
-builtins, among others, could be implemented in separate utilities,
-but they are more convenient to use as builtin commands.
-All of the shell builtins are described in
-subsequent sections.
-
-While executing commands is essential, most of the power (and
-complexity) of shells is due to their embedded programming
-languages. Like any high-level language, the shell provides
-variables, flow control constructs, quoting, and functions.
-
-Shells offer features geared specifically for
-interactive use rather than to augment the programming language.
-These interactive features include job control, command line
-editing, command history and aliases. Each of these features is
-described in this manual.
-
-@node Definitions
-@chapter Definitions
-These definitions are used throughout the remainder of this manual.
-
-@table @code
-
-@item POSIX
-@cindex POSIX
-A family of open system standards based on Unix. Bash
-is primarily concerned with the Shell and Utilities portion of the
-@sc{posix} 1003.1 standard.
-
-@item blank
-A space or tab character.
-
-@item builtin
-@cindex builtin
-A command that is implemented internally by the shell itself, rather
-than by an executable program somewhere in the file system.
-
-@item control operator
-@cindex control operator
-A @code{token} that performs a control function. It is a @code{newline}
-or one of the following:
-@samp{||}, @samp{&&}, @samp{&}, @samp{;}, @samp{;;},
-@samp{|}, @samp{|&}, @samp{(}, or @samp{)}.
-
-@item exit status
-@cindex exit status
-The value returned by a command to its caller. The value is restricted
-to eight bits, so the maximum value is 255.
-
-@item field
-@cindex field
-A unit of text that is the result of one of the shell expansions. After
-expansion, when executing a command, the resulting fields are used as
-the command name and arguments.
-
-@item filename
-@cindex filename
-A string of characters used to identify a file.
-
-@item job
-@cindex job
-A set of processes comprising a pipeline, and any processes descended
-from it, that are all in the same process group.
-
-@item job control
-@cindex job control
-A mechanism by which users can selectively stop (suspend) and restart
-(resume) execution of processes.
-
-@item metacharacter
-@cindex metacharacter
-A character that, when unquoted, separates words. A metacharacter is
-a @code{blank} or one of the following characters:
-@samp{|}, @samp{&}, @samp{;}, @samp{(}, @samp{)}, @samp{<}, or
-@samp{>}.
-
-@item name
-@cindex name
-@cindex identifier
-A @code{word} consisting solely of letters, numbers, and underscores,
-and beginning with a letter or underscore. @code{Name}s are used as
-shell variable and function names.
-Also referred to as an @code{identifier}.
-
-@item operator
-@cindex operator, shell
-A @code{control operator} or a @code{redirection operator}.
-@xref{Redirections}, for a list of redirection operators.
-Operators contain at least one unquoted @code{metacharacter}.
-
-@item process group
-@cindex process group
-A collection of related processes each having the same process
-group @sc{id}.
-
-@item process group ID
-@cindex process group ID
-A unique identifier that represents a @code{process group}
-during its lifetime.
-
-@item reserved word
-@cindex reserved word
-A @code{word} that has a special meaning to the shell. Most reserved
-words introduce shell flow control constructs, such as @code{for} and
-@code{while}.
-
-@item return status
-@cindex return status
-A synonym for @code{exit status}.
-
-@item signal
-@cindex signal
-A mechanism by which a process may be notified by the kernel
-of an event occurring in the system.
-
-@item special builtin
-@cindex special builtin
-A shell builtin command that has been classified as special by the
-@sc{posix} standard.
-
-@item token
-@cindex token
-A sequence of characters considered a single unit by the shell.
-It is either a @code{word} or an @code{operator}.
-
-@item word
-@cindex word
-A sequence of characters treated as a unit by the shell.
-Words may not include unquoted @code{metacharacters}.
-@end table
-
-@node Basic Shell Features
-@chapter Basic Shell Features
-@cindex Bourne shell
-
-Bash is an acronym for @samp{Bourne-Again SHell}.
-The Bourne shell is
-the traditional Unix shell originally written by Stephen Bourne.
-All of the Bourne shell builtin commands are available in Bash,
-The rules for evaluation and quoting are taken from the @sc{posix}
-specification for the `standard' Unix shell.
-
-This chapter briefly summarizes the shell's `building blocks':
-commands, control structures, shell functions, shell @i{parameters},
-shell expansions,
-@i{redirections}, which are a way to direct input and output from
-and to named files, and how the shell executes commands.
-
-@menu
-* Shell Syntax:: What your input means to the shell.
-* Shell Commands:: The types of commands you can use.
-* Shell Functions:: Grouping commands by name.
-* Shell Parameters:: How the shell stores values.
-* Shell Expansions:: How Bash expands parameters and the various
- expansions available.
-* Redirections:: A way to control where input and output go.
-* Executing Commands:: What happens when you run a command.
-* Shell Scripts:: Executing files of shell commands.
-@end menu
-
-@node Shell Syntax
-@section Shell Syntax
-@menu
-* Shell Operation:: The basic operation of the shell.
-* Quoting:: How to remove the special meaning from characters.
-* Comments:: How to specify comments.
-@end menu
-
-When the shell reads input, it proceeds through a
-sequence of operations. If the input indicates the beginning of a
-comment, the shell ignores the comment symbol (@samp{#}), and the rest
-of that line.
-
-Otherwise, roughly speaking, the shell reads its input and
-divides the input into words and operators, employing the quoting rules
-to select which meanings to assign various words and characters.
-
-The shell then parses these tokens into commands and other constructs,
-removes the special meaning of certain words or characters, expands
-others, redirects input and output as needed, executes the specified
-command, waits for the command's exit status, and makes that exit status
-available for further inspection or processing.
-
-@node Shell Operation
-@subsection Shell Operation
-
-The following is a brief description of the shell's operation when it
-reads and executes a command. Basically, the shell does the
-following:
-
-@enumerate
-@item
-Reads its input from a file (@pxref{Shell Scripts}), from a string
-supplied as an argument to the @option{-c} invocation option
-(@pxref{Invoking Bash}), or from the user's terminal.
-
-@item
-Breaks the input into words and operators, obeying the quoting rules
-described in @ref{Quoting}. These tokens are separated by
-@code{metacharacters}. Alias expansion is performed by this step
-(@pxref{Aliases}).
-
-@item
-Parses the tokens into simple and compound commands
-(@pxref{Shell Commands}).
-
-@item
-Performs the various shell expansions (@pxref{Shell Expansions}), breaking
-the expanded tokens into lists of filenames (@pxref{Filename Expansion})
-and commands and arguments.
-
-@item
-Performs any necessary redirections (@pxref{Redirections}) and removes
-the redirection operators and their operands from the argument list.
-
-@item
-Executes the command (@pxref{Executing Commands}).
-
-@item
-Optionally waits for the command to complete and collects its exit
-status (@pxref{Exit Status}).
-
-@end enumerate
-
-@node Quoting
-@subsection Quoting
-@cindex quoting
-@menu
-* Escape Character:: How to remove the special meaning from a single
- character.
-* Single Quotes:: How to inhibit all interpretation of a sequence
- of characters.
-* Double Quotes:: How to suppress most of the interpretation of a
- sequence of characters.
-* ANSI-C Quoting:: How to expand ANSI-C sequences in quoted strings.
-* Locale Translation:: How to translate strings into different languages.
-@end menu
-
-Quoting is used to remove the special meaning of certain
-characters or words to the shell. Quoting can be used to
-disable special treatment for special characters, to prevent
-reserved words from being recognized as such, and to prevent
-parameter expansion.
-
-Each of the shell metacharacters (@pxref{Definitions})
-has special meaning to the shell and must be quoted if it is to
-represent itself.
-When the command history expansion facilities are being used
-(@pxref{History Interaction}), the
-@var{history expansion} character, usually @samp{!}, must be quoted
-to prevent history expansion. @xref{Bash History Facilities}, for
-more details concerning history expansion.
-
-There are three quoting mechanisms: the
-@var{escape character}, single quotes, and double quotes.
-
-@node Escape Character
-@subsubsection Escape Character
-A non-quoted backslash @samp{\} is the Bash escape character.
-It preserves the literal value of the next character that follows,
-with the exception of @code{newline}. If a @code{\newline} pair
-appears, and the backslash itself is not quoted, the @code{\newline}
-is treated as a line continuation (that is, it is removed from
-the input stream and effectively ignored).
-
-@node Single Quotes
-@subsubsection Single Quotes
-
-Enclosing characters in single quotes (@samp{'}) preserves the literal value
-of each character within the quotes. A single quote may not occur
-between single quotes, even when preceded by a backslash.
-
-@node Double Quotes
-@subsubsection Double Quotes
-
-Enclosing characters in double quotes (@samp{"}) preserves the literal value
-of all characters within the quotes, with the exception of
-@samp{$}, @samp{`}, @samp{\},
-and, when history expansion is enabled, @samp{!}.
-The characters @samp{$} and @samp{`}
-retain their special meaning within double quotes (@pxref{Shell Expansions}).
-The backslash retains its special meaning only when followed by one of
-the following characters:
-@samp{$}, @samp{`}, @samp{"}, @samp{\}, or @code{newline}.
-Within double quotes, backslashes that are followed by one of these
-characters are removed. Backslashes preceding characters without a
-special meaning are left unmodified.
-A double quote may be quoted within double quotes by preceding it with
-a backslash.
-If enabled, history expansion will be performed unless an @samp{!}
-appearing in double quotes is escaped using a backslash.
-The backslash preceding the @samp{!} is not removed.
-
-The special parameters @samp{*} and @samp{@@} have special meaning
-when in double quotes (@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
-
-@node ANSI-C Quoting
-@subsubsection ANSI-C Quoting
-@cindex quoting, ANSI
-
-Words of the form @code{$'@var{string}'} are treated specially. The
-word expands to @var{string}, with backslash-escaped characters replaced
-as specified by the ANSI C standard. Backslash escape sequences, if
-present, are decoded as follows:
-
-@table @code
-@item \a
-alert (bell)
-@item \b
-backspace
-@item \e
-@itemx \E
-an escape character (not ANSI C)
-@item \f
-form feed
-@item \n
-newline
-@item \r
-carriage return
-@item \t
-horizontal tab
-@item \v
-vertical tab
-@item \\
-backslash
-@item \'
-single quote
-@item \"
-double quote
-@item \@var{nnn}
-the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value @var{nnn}
-(one to three digits)
-@item \x@var{HH}
-the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value @var{HH}
-(one or two hex digits)
-@item \u@var{HHHH}
-the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the hexadecimal value
-@var{HHHH} (one to four hex digits)
-@item \U@var{HHHHHHHH}
-the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the hexadecimal value
-@var{HHHHHHHH} (one to eight hex digits)
-@item \c@var{x}
-a control-@var{x} character
-@end table
-
-@noindent
-The expanded result is single-quoted, as if the dollar sign had not
-been present.
-
-@node Locale Translation
-@subsubsection Locale-Specific Translation
-@cindex localization
-@cindex internationalization
-@cindex native languages
-@cindex translation, native languages
-
-A double-quoted string preceded by a dollar sign (@samp{$}) will cause
-the string to be translated according to the current locale.
-If the current locale is @code{C} or @code{POSIX}, the dollar sign
-is ignored.
-If the string is translated and replaced, the replacement is
-double-quoted.
-
-@vindex LC_MESSAGES
-@vindex TEXTDOMAIN
-@vindex TEXTDOMAINDIR
-Some systems use the message catalog selected by the @env{LC_MESSAGES}
-shell variable. Others create the name of the message catalog from the
-value of the @env{TEXTDOMAIN} shell variable, possibly adding a
-suffix of @samp{.mo}. If you use the @env{TEXTDOMAIN} variable, you
-may need to set the @env{TEXTDOMAINDIR} variable to the location of
-the message catalog files. Still others use both variables in this
-fashion:
-@env{TEXTDOMAINDIR}/@env{LC_MESSAGES}/LC_MESSAGES/@env{TEXTDOMAIN}.mo.
-
-@node Comments
-@subsection Comments
-@cindex comments, shell
-
-In a non-interactive shell, or an interactive shell in which the
-@code{interactive_comments} option to the @code{shopt}
-builtin is enabled (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}),
-a word beginning with @samp{#}
-causes that word and all remaining characters on that line to
-be ignored. An interactive shell without the @code{interactive_comments}
-option enabled does not allow comments. The @code{interactive_comments}
-option is on by default in interactive shells.
-@xref{Interactive Shells}, for a description of what makes
-a shell interactive.
-
-@node Shell Commands
-@section Shell Commands
-@cindex commands, shell
-
-A simple shell command such as @code{echo a b c} consists of the command
-itself followed by arguments, separated by spaces.
-
-More complex shell commands are composed of simple commands arranged together
-in a variety of ways: in a pipeline in which the output of one command
-becomes the input of a second, in a loop or conditional construct, or in
-some other grouping.
-
-@menu
-* Simple Commands:: The most common type of command.
-* Pipelines:: Connecting the input and output of several
- commands.
-* Lists:: How to execute commands sequentially.
-* Compound Commands:: Shell commands for control flow.
-* Coprocesses:: Two-way communication between commands.
-* GNU Parallel:: Running commands in parallel.
-@end menu
-
-@node Simple Commands
-@subsection Simple Commands
-@cindex commands, simple
-
-A simple command is the kind of command encountered most often.
-It's just a sequence of words separated by @code{blank}s, terminated
-by one of the shell's control operators (@pxref{Definitions}). The
-first word generally specifies a command to be executed, with the
-rest of the words being that command's arguments.
-
-The return status (@pxref{Exit Status}) of a simple command is
-its exit status as provided
-by the @sc{posix} 1003.1 @code{waitpid} function, or 128+@var{n} if
-the command was terminated by signal @var{n}.
-
-@node Pipelines
-@subsection Pipelines
-@cindex pipeline
-@cindex commands, pipelines
-
-A @code{pipeline} is a sequence of simple commands separated by one of
-the control operators @samp{|} or @samp{|&}.
-
-@rwindex time
-@rwindex !
-@cindex command timing
-The format for a pipeline is
-@example
-[time [-p]] [!] @var{command1} [ | or |& @var{command2} ] @dots{}
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-The output of each command in the pipeline is connected via a pipe
-to the input of the next command.
-That is, each command reads the previous command's output. This
-connection is performed before any redirections specified by the
-command.
-
-If @samp{|&} is used, @var{command1}'s standard error, in addition to
-its standard output, is connected to
-@var{command2}'s standard input through the pipe;
-it is shorthand for @code{2>&1 |}.
-This implicit redirection of the standard error to the standard output is
-performed after any redirections specified by the command.
-
-The reserved word @code{time} causes timing statistics
-to be printed for the pipeline once it finishes.
-The statistics currently consist of elapsed (wall-clock) time and
-user and system time consumed by the command's execution.
-The @option{-p} option changes the output format to that specified
-by @sc{posix}.
-When the shell is in @sc{posix} mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}),
-it does not recognize @code{time} as a reserved word if the next
-token begins with a @samp{-}.
-The @env{TIMEFORMAT} variable may be set to a format string that
-specifies how the timing information should be displayed.
-@xref{Bash Variables}, for a description of the available formats.
-The use of @code{time} as a reserved word permits the timing of
-shell builtins, shell functions, and pipelines. An external
-@code{time} command cannot time these easily.
-
-When the shell is in @sc{posix} mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}), @code{time}
-may be followed by a newline. In this case, the shell displays the
-total user and system time consumed by the shell and its children.
-The @env{TIMEFORMAT} variable may be used to specify the format of
-the time information.
-
-If the pipeline is not executed asynchronously (@pxref{Lists}), the
-shell waits for all commands in the pipeline to complete.
-
-Each command in a pipeline is executed in its own subshell
-(@pxref{Command Execution Environment}). The exit
-status of a pipeline is the exit status of the last command in the
-pipeline, unless the @code{pipefail} option is enabled
-(@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
-If @code{pipefail} is enabled, the pipeline's return status is the
-value of the last (rightmost) command to exit with a non-zero status,
-or zero if all commands exit successfully.
-If the reserved word @samp{!} precedes the pipeline, the
-exit status is the logical negation of the exit status as described
-above.
-The shell waits for all commands in the pipeline to terminate before
-returning a value.
-
-@node Lists
-@subsection Lists of Commands
-@cindex commands, lists
-
-A @code{list} is a sequence of one or more pipelines separated by one
-of the operators @samp{;}, @samp{&}, @samp{&&}, or @samp{||},
-and optionally terminated by one of @samp{;}, @samp{&}, or a
-@code{newline}.
-
-Of these list operators, @samp{&&} and @samp{||}
-have equal precedence, followed by @samp{;} and @samp{&},
-which have equal precedence.
-
-A sequence of one or more newlines may appear in a @code{list}
-to delimit commands, equivalent to a semicolon.
-
-If a command is terminated by the control operator @samp{&},
-the shell executes the command asynchronously in a subshell.
-This is known as executing the command in the @var{background}.
-The shell does not wait for the command to finish, and the return
-status is 0 (true).
-When job control is not active (@pxref{Job Control}),
-the standard input for asynchronous commands, in the absence of any
-explicit redirections, is redirected from @code{/dev/null}.
-
-Commands separated by a @samp{;} are executed sequentially; the shell
-waits for each command to terminate in turn. The return status is the
-exit status of the last command executed.
-
-@sc{and} and @sc{or} lists are sequences of one or more pipelines
-separated by the control operators @samp{&&} and @samp{||},
-respectively. @sc{and} and @sc{or} lists are executed with left
-associativity.
-
-An @sc{and} list has the form
-@example
-@var{command1} && @var{command2}
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-@var{command2} is executed if, and only if, @var{command1}
-returns an exit status of zero.
-
-An @sc{or} list has the form
-@example
-@var{command1} || @var{command2}
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-@var{command2} is executed if, and only if, @var{command1}
-returns a non-zero exit status.
-
-The return status of
-@sc{and} and @sc{or} lists is the exit status of the last command
-executed in the list.
-
-@node Compound Commands
-@subsection Compound Commands
-@cindex commands, compound
-
-@menu
-* Looping Constructs:: Shell commands for iterative action.
-* Conditional Constructs:: Shell commands for conditional execution.
-* Command Grouping:: Ways to group commands.
-@end menu
-
-Compound commands are the shell programming constructs.
-Each construct begins with a reserved word or control operator and is
-terminated by a corresponding reserved word or operator.
-Any redirections (@pxref{Redirections}) associated with a compound command
-apply to all commands within that compound command unless explicitly overridden.
-
-In most cases a list of commands in a compound command's description may be
-separated from the rest of the command by one or more newlines, and may be
-followed by a newline in place of a semicolon.
-
-Bash provides looping constructs, conditional commands, and mechanisms
-to group commands and execute them as a unit.
-
-@node Looping Constructs
-@subsubsection Looping Constructs
-@cindex commands, looping
-
-Bash supports the following looping constructs.
-
-Note that wherever a @samp{;} appears in the description of a
-command's syntax, it may be replaced with one or more newlines.
-
-@table @code
-@item until
-@rwindex until
-@rwindex do
-@rwindex done
-The syntax of the @code{until} command is:
-
-@example
-until @var{test-commands}; do @var{consequent-commands}; done
-@end example
-
-Execute @var{consequent-commands} as long as
-@var{test-commands} has an exit status which is not zero.
-The return status is the exit status of the last command executed
-in @var{consequent-commands}, or zero if none was executed.
-
-@item while
-@rwindex while
-The syntax of the @code{while} command is:
-
-@example
-while @var{test-commands}; do @var{consequent-commands}; done
-@end example
-
-Execute @var{consequent-commands} as long as
-@var{test-commands} has an exit status of zero.
-The return status is the exit status of the last command executed
-in @var{consequent-commands}, or zero if none was executed.
-
-@item for
-@rwindex for
-The syntax of the @code{for} command is:
-
-@example
-for @var{name} [ [in [@var{words} @dots{}] ] ; ] do @var{commands}; done
-@end example
-
-Expand @var{words}, and execute @var{commands} once for each member
-in the resultant list, with @var{name} bound to the current member.
-If @samp{in @var{words}} is not present, the @code{for} command
-executes the @var{commands} once for each positional parameter that is
-set, as if @samp{in "$@@"} had been specified
-(@pxref{Special Parameters}).
-The return status is the exit status of the last command that executes.
-If there are no items in the expansion of @var{words}, no commands are
-executed, and the return status is zero.
-
-An alternate form of the @code{for} command is also supported:
-
-@example
-for (( @var{expr1} ; @var{expr2} ; @var{expr3} )) ; do @var{commands} ; done
-@end example
-
-First, the arithmetic expression @var{expr1} is evaluated according
-to the rules described below (@pxref{Shell Arithmetic}).
-The arithmetic expression @var{expr2} is then evaluated repeatedly
-until it evaluates to zero.
-Each time @var{expr2} evaluates to a non-zero value, @var{commands} are
-executed and the arithmetic expression @var{expr3} is evaluated.
-If any expression is omitted, it behaves as if it evaluates to 1.
-The return value is the exit status of the last command in @var{commands}
-that is executed, or false if any of the expressions is invalid.
-@end table
-
-The @code{break} and @code{continue} builtins (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins})
-may be used to control loop execution.
-
-@node Conditional Constructs
-@subsubsection Conditional Constructs
-@cindex commands, conditional
-
-@table @code
-@item if
-@rwindex if
-@rwindex then
-@rwindex else
-@rwindex elif
-@rwindex fi
-The syntax of the @code{if} command is:
-
-@example
-if @var{test-commands}; then
- @var{consequent-commands};
-[elif @var{more-test-commands}; then
- @var{more-consequents};]
-[else @var{alternate-consequents};]
-fi
-@end example
-
-The @var{test-commands} list is executed, and if its return status is zero,
-the @var{consequent-commands} list is executed.
-If @var{test-commands} returns a non-zero status, each @code{elif} list
-is executed in turn, and if its exit status is zero,
-the corresponding @var{more-consequents} is executed and the
-command completes.
-If @samp{else @var{alternate-consequents}} is present, and
-the final command in the final @code{if} or @code{elif} clause
-has a non-zero exit status, then @var{alternate-consequents} is executed.
-The return status is the exit status of the last command executed, or
-zero if no condition tested true.
-
-@item case
-@rwindex case
-@rwindex in
-@rwindex esac
-The syntax of the @code{case} command is:
-
-@example
-case @var{word} in [ [(] @var{pattern} [| @var{pattern}]@dots{}) @var{command-list} ;;]@dots{} esac
-@end example
-
-@code{case} will selectively execute the @var{command-list} corresponding to
-the first @var{pattern} that matches @var{word}.
-If the shell option @code{nocasematch}
-(see the description of @code{shopt} in @ref{The Shopt Builtin})
-is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case
-of alphabetic characters.
-The @samp{|} is used to separate multiple patterns, and the @samp{)}
-operator terminates a pattern list.
-A list of patterns and an associated command-list is known
-as a @var{clause}.
-
-Each clause must be terminated with @samp{;;}, @samp{;&}, or @samp{;;&}.
-The @var{word} undergoes tilde expansion, parameter expansion, command
-substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal before matching is
-attempted. Each @var{pattern} undergoes tilde expansion, parameter
-expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion.
-
-There may be an arbitrary number of @code{case} clauses, each terminated
-by a @samp{;;}, @samp{;&}, or @samp{;;&}.
-The first pattern that matches determines the
-command-list that is executed.
-It's a common idiom to use @samp{*} as the final pattern to define the
-default case, since that pattern will always match.
-
-Here is an example using @code{case} in a script that could be used to
-describe one interesting feature of an animal:
-
-@example
-echo -n "Enter the name of an animal: "
-read ANIMAL
-echo -n "The $ANIMAL has "
-case $ANIMAL in
- horse | dog | cat) echo -n "four";;
- man | kangaroo ) echo -n "two";;
- *) echo -n "an unknown number of";;
-esac
-echo " legs."
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-
-If the @samp{;;} operator is used, no subsequent matches are attempted after
-the first pattern match.
-Using @samp{;&} in place of @samp{;;} causes execution to continue with
-the @var{command-list} associated with the next clause, if any.
-Using @samp{;;&} in place of @samp{;;} causes the shell to test the patterns
-in the next clause, if any, and execute any associated @var{command-list}
-on a successful match.
-
-The return status is zero if no @var{pattern} is matched. Otherwise, the
-return status is the exit status of the @var{command-list} executed.
-
-@item select
-@rwindex select
-
-The @code{select} construct allows the easy generation of menus.
-It has almost the same syntax as the @code{for} command:
-
-@example
-select @var{name} [in @var{words} @dots{}]; do @var{commands}; done
-@end example
-
-The list of words following @code{in} is expanded, generating a list
-of items. The set of expanded words is printed on the standard
-error output stream, each preceded by a number. If the
-@samp{in @var{words}} is omitted, the positional parameters are printed,
-as if @samp{in "$@@"} had been specified.
-The @env{PS3} prompt is then displayed and a line is read from the
-standard input.
-If the line consists of a number corresponding to one of the displayed
-words, then the value of @var{name} is set to that word.
-If the line is empty, the words and prompt are displayed again.
-If @code{EOF} is read, the @code{select} command completes.
-Any other value read causes @var{name} to be set to null.
-The line read is saved in the variable @env{REPLY}.
-
-The @var{commands} are executed after each selection until a
-@code{break} command is executed, at which
-point the @code{select} command completes.
-
-Here is an example that allows the user to pick a filename from the
-current directory, and displays the name and index of the file
-selected.
-
-@example
-select fname in *;
-do
- echo you picked $fname \($REPLY\)
- break;
-done
-@end example
-
-@item ((@dots{}))
-@example
-(( @var{expression} ))
-@end example
-
-The arithmetic @var{expression} is evaluated according to the rules
-described below (@pxref{Shell Arithmetic}).
-If the value of the expression is non-zero, the return status is 0;
-otherwise the return status is 1. This is exactly equivalent to
-@example
-let "@var{expression}"
-@end example
-@noindent
-@xref{Bash Builtins}, for a full description of the @code{let} builtin.
-
-@item [[@dots{}]]
-@rwindex [[
-@rwindex ]]
-@example
-[[ @var{expression} ]]
-@end example
-
-Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of
-the conditional expression @var{expression}.
-Expressions are composed of the primaries described below in
-@ref{Bash Conditional Expressions}.
-Word splitting and filename expansion are not performed on the words
-between the @code{[[} and @code{]]}; tilde expansion, parameter and
-variable expansion, arithmetic expansion, command substitution, process
-substitution, and quote removal are performed.
-Conditional operators such as @samp{-f} must be unquoted to be recognized
-as primaries.
-
-When used with @code{[[}, the @samp{<} and @samp{>} operators sort
-lexicographically using the current locale.
-
-When the @samp{==} and @samp{!=} operators are used, the string to the
-right of the operator is considered a pattern and matched according
-to the rules described below in @ref{Pattern Matching},
-as if the @code{extglob} shell option were enabled.
-The @samp{=} operator is identical to @samp{==}.
-If the shell option @code{nocasematch}
-(see the description of @code{shopt} in @ref{The Shopt Builtin})
-is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case
-of alphabetic characters.
-The return value is 0 if the string matches (@samp{==}) or does not
-match (@samp{!=})the pattern, and 1 otherwise.
-Any part of the pattern may be quoted to force the quoted portion
-to be matched as a string.
-
-An additional binary operator, @samp{=~}, is available, with the same
-precedence as @samp{==} and @samp{!=}.
-When it is used, the string to the right of the operator is considered
-an extended regular expression and matched accordingly (as in @i{regex}3)).
-The return value is 0 if the string matches
-the pattern, and 1 otherwise.
-If the regular expression is syntactically incorrect, the conditional
-expression's return value is 2.
-If the shell option @code{nocasematch}
-(see the description of @code{shopt} in @ref{The Shopt Builtin})
-is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case
-of alphabetic characters.
-Any part of the pattern may be quoted to force the quoted portion
-to be matched as a string.
-Bracket expressions in regular expressions must be treated carefully,
-since normal quoting characters lose their meanings between brackets.
-If the pattern is stored in a shell variable, quoting the variable
-expansion forces the entire pattern to be matched as a string.
-Substrings matched by parenthesized subexpressions within the regular
-expression are saved in the array variable @code{BASH_REMATCH}.
-The element of @code{BASH_REMATCH} with index 0 is the portion of the string
-matching the entire regular expression.
-The element of @code{BASH_REMATCH} with index @var{n} is the portion of the
-string matching the @var{n}th parenthesized subexpression.
-
-For example, the following will match a line
-(stored in the shell variable @var{line})
-if there is a sequence of characters in the value consisting of
-any number, including zero, of
-space characters, zero or one instances of @samp{a}, then a @samp{b}:
-@example
-[[ $line =~ [[:space:]]*(a)?b ]]
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-That means values like @samp{aab} and @samp{ aaaaaab} will match, as
-will a line containing a @samp{b} anywhere in its value.
-
-Storing the regular expression in a shell variable is often a useful
-way to avoid problems with quoting characters that are special to the
-shell.
-It is sometimes difficult to specify a regular expression literally
-without using quotes, or to keep track of the quoting used by regular
-expressions while paying attention to the shell's quote removal.
-Using a shell variable to store the pattern decreases these problems.
-For example, the following is equivalent to the above:
-@example
-pattern='[[:space:]]*(a)?b'
-[[ $line =~ $pattern ]]
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-If you want to match a character that's special to the regular expression
-grammar, it has to be quoted to remove its special meaning.
-This means that in the pattern @samp{xxx.txt}, the @samp{.} matches any
-character in the string (its usual regular expression meaning), but in the
-pattern @samp{"xxx.txt"} it can only match a literal @samp{.}.
-Shell programmers should take special care with backslashes, since backslashes
-are used both by the shell and regular expressions to remove the special
-meaning from the following character.
-The following two sets of commands are @emph{not} equivalent:
-@example
-pattern='\.'
-
-[[ . =~ $pattern ]]
-[[ . =~ \. ]]
-
-[[ . =~ "$pattern" ]]
-[[ . =~ '\.' ]]
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-The first two matches will succeed, but the second two will not, because
-in the second two the backslash will be part of the pattern to be matched.
-In the first two examples, the backslash removes the special meaning from
-@samp{.}, so the literal @samp{.} matches.
-If the string in the first examples were anything other than @samp{.}, say
-@samp{a}, the pattern would not match, because the quoted @samp{.} in the
-pattern loses its special meaning of matching any single character.
-
-Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed
-in decreasing order of precedence:
-
-@table @code
-@item ( @var{expression} )
-Returns the value of @var{expression}.
-This may be used to override the normal precedence of operators.
-
-@item ! @var{expression}
-True if @var{expression} is false.
-
-@item @var{expression1} && @var{expression2}
-True if both @var{expression1} and @var{expression2} are true.
-
-@item @var{expression1} || @var{expression2}
-True if either @var{expression1} or @var{expression2} is true.
-@end table
-
-@noindent
-The @code{&&} and @code{||} operators do not evaluate @var{expression2} if the
-value of @var{expression1} is sufficient to determine the return
-value of the entire conditional expression.
-@end table
-
-@node Command Grouping
-@subsubsection Grouping Commands
-@cindex commands, grouping
-
-Bash provides two ways to group a list of commands to be executed
-as a unit. When commands are grouped, redirections may be applied
-to the entire command list. For example, the output of all the
-commands in the list may be redirected to a single stream.
-
-@table @code
-@item ()
-@example
-( @var{list} )
-@end example
-
-Placing a list of commands between parentheses causes a subshell
-environment to be created (@pxref{Command Execution Environment}), and each
-of the commands in @var{list} to be executed in that subshell. Since the
-@var{list} is executed in a subshell, variable assignments do not remain in
-effect after the subshell completes.
-
-@item @{@}
-@rwindex @{
-@rwindex @}
-@example
-@{ @var{list}; @}
-@end example
-
-Placing a list of commands between curly braces causes the list to
-be executed in the current shell context. No subshell is created.
-The semicolon (or newline) following @var{list} is required.
-@end table
-
-In addition to the creation of a subshell, there is a subtle difference
-between these two constructs due to historical reasons. The braces
-are @code{reserved words}, so they must be separated from the @var{list}
-by @code{blank}s or other shell metacharacters.
-The parentheses are @code{operators}, and are
-recognized as separate tokens by the shell even if they are not separated
-from the @var{list} by whitespace.
-
-The exit status of both of these constructs is the exit status of
-@var{list}.
-
-@node Coprocesses
-@subsection Coprocesses
-@cindex coprocess
-
-A @code{coprocess} is a shell command preceded by the @code{coproc}
-reserved word.
-A coprocess is executed asynchronously in a subshell, as if the command
-had been terminated with the @samp{&} control operator, with a two-way pipe
-established between the executing shell and the coprocess.
-
-The format for a coprocess is:
-@example
-coproc [@var{NAME}] @var{command} [@var{redirections}]
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-This creates a coprocess named @var{NAME}.
-If @var{NAME} is not supplied, the default name is @var{COPROC}.
-@var{NAME} must not be supplied if @var{command} is a simple
-command (@pxref{Simple Commands}); otherwise, it is interpreted as
-the first word of the simple command.
-
-When the coprocess is executed, the shell creates an array variable
-(@pxref{Arrays})
-named @env{NAME} in the context of the executing shell.
-The standard output of @var{command}
-is connected via a pipe to a file descriptor in the executing shell,
-and that file descriptor is assigned to @env{NAME}[0].
-The standard input of @var{command}
-is connected via a pipe to a file descriptor in the executing shell,
-and that file descriptor is assigned to @env{NAME}[1].
-This pipe is established before any redirections specified by the
-command (@pxref{Redirections}).
-The file descriptors can be utilized as arguments to shell commands
-and redirections using standard word expansions.
-The file descriptors are not available in subshells.
-
-The process ID of the shell spawned to execute the coprocess is
-available as the value of the variable @env{NAME}_PID.
-The @code{wait}
-builtin command may be used to wait for the coprocess to terminate.
-
-Since the coprocess is created as an asynchronous command,
-the @code{coproc} command always returns success.
-The return status of a coprocess is the exit status of @var{command}.
-
-@node GNU Parallel
-@subsection GNU Parallel
-
-There are ways to run commands in parallel that are not built into Bash.
-GNU Parallel is a tool to do just that.
-
-GNU Parallel, as its name suggests, can be used to build and run commands
-in parallel. You may run the same command with different arguments, whether
-they are filenames, usernames, hostnames, or lines read from files. GNU
-Parallel provides shorthand references to many of the most common operations
-(input lines, various portions of the input line, different ways to specify
-the input source, and so on). Parallel can replace @code{xargs} or feed
-commands from its input sources to several different instances of Bash.
-
-For a complete description, refer to the GNU Parallel documentation. A few
-examples should provide a brief introduction to its use.
-
-For example, it is easy to replace @code{xargs} to gzip all html files in the
-current directory and its subdirectories:
-@example
-find . -type f -name '*.html' -print | parallel gzip
-@end example
-@noindent
-If you need to protect special characters such as newlines in file names,
-use find's @option{-print0} option and parallel's @option{-0} option.
-
-You can use Parallel to move files from the current directory when the
-number of files is too large to process with one @code{mv} invocation:
-@example
-ls | parallel mv @{@} destdir
-@end example
-
-As you can see, the @{@} is replaced with each line read from standard input.
-While using @code{ls} will work in most instances, it is not sufficient to
-deal with all filenames.
-If you need to accommodate special characters in filenames, you can use
-
-@example
-find . -depth 1 \! -name '.*' -print0 | parallel -0 mv @{@} destdir
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-as alluded to above.
-
-This will run as many @code{mv} commands as there are files in the current
-directory.
-You can emulate a parallel @code{xargs} by adding the @option{-X} option:
-@example
-find . -depth 1 \! -name '.*' -print0 | parallel -0 -X mv @{@} destdir
-@end example
-
-GNU Parallel can replace certain common idioms that operate on lines read
-from a file (in this case, filenames listed one per line):
-@example
- while IFS= read -r x; do
- do-something1 "$x" "config-$x"
- do-something2 < "$x"
- done < file | process-output
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-with a more compact syntax reminiscent of lambdas:
-@example
-cat list | parallel "do-something1 @{@} config-@{@} ; do-something2 < @{@}" | process-output
-@end example
-
-Parallel provides a built-in mechanism to remove filename extensions, which
-lends itself to batch file transformations or renaming:
-@example
-ls *.gz | parallel -j+0 "zcat @{@} | bzip2 >@{.@}.bz2 && rm @{@}"
-@end example
-@noindent
-This will recompress all files in the current directory with names ending
-in .gz using bzip2, running one job per CPU (-j+0) in parallel.
-(We use @code{ls} for brevity here; using @code{find} as above is more
-robust in the face of filenames containing unexpected characters.)
-Parallel can take arguments from the command line; the above can also be
-written as
-
-@example
-parallel "zcat @{@} | bzip2 >@{.@}.bz2 && rm @{@}" ::: *.gz
-@end example
-
-If a command generates output, you may want to preserve the input order in
-the output. For instance, the following command
-@example
-@{ echo foss.org.my ; echo debian.org; echo freenetproject.org; @} | parallel traceroute
-@end example
-@noindent
-will display as output the traceroute invocation that finishes first.
-Adding the @option{-k} option
-@example
-@{ echo foss.org.my ; echo debian.org; echo freenetproject.org; @} | parallel -k traceroute
-@end example
-@noindent
-will ensure that the output of @code{traceroute foss.org.my} is displayed first.
-
-Finally, Parallel can be used to run a sequence of shell commands in parallel,
-similar to @samp{cat file | bash}.
-It is not uncommon to take a list of filenames, create a series of shell
-commands to operate on them, and feed that list of commnds to a shell.
-Parallel can speed this up. Assuming that @file{file} contains a list of
-shell commands, one per line,
-
-@example
-parallel -j 10 < file
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-will evaluate the commands using the shell (since no explicit command is
-supplied as an argument), in blocks of ten shell jobs at a time.
-
-@node Shell Functions
-@section Shell Functions
-@cindex shell function
-@cindex functions, shell
-
-Shell functions are a way to group commands for later execution
-using a single name for the group. They are executed just like
-a "regular" command.
-When the name of a shell function is used as a simple command name,
-the list of commands associated with that function name is executed.
-Shell functions are executed in the current
-shell context; no new process is created to interpret them.
-
-Functions are declared using this syntax:
-@rwindex function
-@example
-@var{name} () @var{compound-command} [ @var{redirections} ]
-@end example
-
-or
-
-@example
-function @var{name} [()] @var{compound-command} [ @var{redirections} ]
-@end example
-
-This defines a shell function named @var{name}. The reserved
-word @code{function} is optional.
-If the @code{function} reserved
-word is supplied, the parentheses are optional.
-The @var{body} of the function is the compound command
-@var{compound-command} (@pxref{Compound Commands}).
-That command is usually a @var{list} enclosed between @{ and @}, but
-may be any compound command listed above.
-@var{compound-command} is executed whenever @var{name} is specified as the
-name of a command.
-When the shell is in @sc{posix} mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}),
-@var{name} may not be the same as one of the special builtins
-(@pxref{Special Builtins}).
-Any redirections (@pxref{Redirections}) associated with the shell function
-are performed when the function is executed.
-
-A function definition may be deleted using the @option{-f} option to the
-@code{unset} builtin (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
-
-The exit status of a function definition is zero unless a syntax error
-occurs or a readonly function with the same name already exists.
-When executed, the exit status of a function is the exit status of the
-last command executed in the body.
-
-Note that for historical reasons, in the most common usage the curly braces
-that surround the body of the function must be separated from the body by
-@code{blank}s or newlines.
-This is because the braces are reserved words and are only recognized
-as such when they are separated from the command list
-by whitespace or another shell metacharacter.
-Also, when using the braces, the @var{list} must be terminated by a semicolon,
-a @samp{&}, or a newline.
-
-When a function is executed, the arguments to the
-function become the positional parameters
-during its execution (@pxref{Positional Parameters}).
-The special parameter @samp{#} that expands to the number of
-positional parameters is updated to reflect the change.
-Special parameter @code{0} is unchanged.
-The first element of the @env{FUNCNAME} variable is set to the
-name of the function while the function is executing.
-
-All other aspects of the shell execution
-environment are identical between a function and its caller
-with these exceptions:
-the @env{DEBUG} and @env{RETURN} traps
-are not inherited unless the function has been given the
-@code{trace} attribute using the @code{declare} builtin or
-the @code{-o functrace} option has been enabled with
-the @code{set} builtin,
-(in which case all functions inherit the @env{DEBUG} and @env{RETURN} traps),
-and the @env{ERR} trap is not inherited unless the @code{-o errtrace}
-shell option has been enabled.
-@xref{Bourne Shell Builtins}, for the description of the
-@code{trap} builtin.
-
-The @env{FUNCNEST} variable, if set to a numeric value greater
-than 0, defines a maximum function nesting level. Function
-invocations that exceed the limit cause the entire command to
-abort.
-
-If the builtin command @code{return}
-is executed in a function, the function completes and
-execution resumes with the next command after the function
-call.
-Any command associated with the @code{RETURN} trap is executed
-before execution resumes.
-When a function completes, the values of the
-positional parameters and the special parameter @samp{#}
-are restored to the values they had prior to the function's
-execution. If a numeric argument is given to @code{return},
-that is the function's return status; otherwise the function's
-return status is the exit status of the last command executed
-before the @code{return}.
-
-Variables local to the function may be declared with the
-@code{local} builtin. These variables are visible only to
-the function and the commands it invokes.
-
-Function names and definitions may be listed with the
-@option{-f} option to the @code{declare} (@code{typeset})
-builtin command (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
-The @option{-F} option to @code{declare} or @code{typeset}
-will list the function names only
-(and optionally the source file and line number, if the @code{extdebug}
-shell option is enabled).
-Functions may be exported so that subshells
-automatically have them defined with the
-@option{-f} option to the @code{export} builtin
-(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
-Note that shell functions and variables with the same name may result
-in multiple identically-named entries in the environment passed to the
-shell's children.
-Care should be taken in cases where this may cause a problem.
-
-Functions may be recursive.
-The @code{FUNCNEST} variable may be used to limit the depth of the
-function call stack and restrict the number of function invocations.
-By default, no limit is placed on the number of recursive calls.
-
-@node Shell Parameters
-@section Shell Parameters
-@cindex parameters
-@cindex variable, shell
-@cindex shell variable
-
-@menu
-* Positional Parameters:: The shell's command-line arguments.
-* Special Parameters:: Parameters denoted by special characters.
-@end menu
-
-A @var{parameter} is an entity that stores values.
-It can be a @code{name}, a number, or one of the special characters
-listed below.
-A @var{variable} is a parameter denoted by a @code{name}.
-A variable has a @var{value} and zero or more @var{attributes}.
-Attributes are assigned using the @code{declare} builtin command
-(see the description of the @code{declare} builtin in @ref{Bash Builtins}).
-
-A parameter is set if it has been assigned a value. The null string is
-a valid value. Once a variable is set, it may be unset only by using
-the @code{unset} builtin command.
-
-A variable may be assigned to by a statement of the form
-@example
-@var{name}=[@var{value}]
-@end example
-@noindent
-If @var{value}
-is not given, the variable is assigned the null string. All
-@var{value}s undergo tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion,
-command substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote
-removal (detailed below). If the variable has its @code{integer}
-attribute set, then @var{value}
-is evaluated as an arithmetic expression even if the @code{$((@dots{}))}
-expansion is not used (@pxref{Arithmetic Expansion}).
-Word splitting is not performed, with the exception
-of @code{"$@@"} as explained below.
-Filename expansion is not performed.
-Assignment statements may also appear as arguments to the
-@code{alias},
-@code{declare}, @code{typeset}, @code{export}, @code{readonly},
-and @code{local} builtin commands.
-When in @sc{posix} mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}), these builtins may appear
-in a command after one or more instances of the @code{command} builtin
-and retain these assignment statement properties.
-
-In the context where an assignment statement is assigning a value
-to a shell variable or array index (@pxref{Arrays}), the @samp{+=}
-operator can be used to
-append to or add to the variable's previous value.
-When @samp{+=} is applied to a variable for which the @var{integer} attribute
-has been set, @var{value} is evaluated as an arithmetic expression and
-added to the variable's current value, which is also evaluated.
-When @samp{+=} is applied to an array variable using compound assignment
-(@pxref{Arrays}), the
-variable's value is not unset (as it is when using @samp{=}), and new
-values are appended to the array beginning at one greater than the array's
-maximum index (for indexed arrays), or added as additional key-value pairs
-in an associative array.
-When applied to a string-valued variable, @var{value} is expanded and
-appended to the variable's value.
-
-A variable can be assigned the @var{nameref} attribute using the
-@option{-n} option to the \fBdeclare\fP or \fBlocal\fP builtin commands
-(@pxref{Bash Builtins})
-to create a @var{nameref}, or a reference to another variable.
-This allows variables to be manipulated indirectly.
-Whenever the nameref variable is referenced or assigned to, the operation
-is actually performed on the variable specified by the nameref variable's
-value.
-A nameref is commonly used within shell functions to refer to a variable
-whose name is passed as an argument to the function.
-For instance, if a variable name is passed to a shell function as its first
-argument, running
-@example
-declare -n ref=$1
-@end example
-@noindent
-inside the function creates a nameref variable @var{ref} whose value is
-the variable name passed as the first argument.
-References and assignments to @var{ref} are treated as references and
-assignments to the variable whose name was passed as @code{$1}.
-
-If the control variable in a @code{for} loop has the nameref attribute,
-the list of words can be a list of shell variables, and a name reference
-will be established for each word in the list, in turn, when the loop is
-executed.
-Array variables cannot be given the @option{-n} attribute.
-However, nameref variables can reference array variables and subscripted
-array variables.
-Namerefs can be unset using the @option{-n} option to the @code{unset} builtin
-(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
-Otherwise, if @code{unset} is executed with the name of a nameref variable
-as an argument, the variable referenced by the nameref variable will be unset.
-
-@node Positional Parameters
-@subsection Positional Parameters
-@cindex parameters, positional
-
-A @var{positional parameter} is a parameter denoted by one or more
-digits, other than the single digit @code{0}. Positional parameters are
-assigned from the shell's arguments when it is invoked,
-and may be reassigned using the @code{set} builtin command.
-Positional parameter @code{N} may be referenced as @code{$@{N@}}, or
-as @code{$N} when @code{N} consists of a single digit.
-Positional parameters may not be assigned to with assignment statements.
-The @code{set} and @code{shift} builtins are used to set and
-unset them (@pxref{Shell Builtin Commands}).
-The positional parameters are
-temporarily replaced when a shell function is executed
-(@pxref{Shell Functions}).
-
-When a positional parameter consisting of more than a single
-digit is expanded, it must be enclosed in braces.
-
-@node Special Parameters
-@subsection Special Parameters
-@cindex parameters, special
-
-The shell treats several parameters specially. These parameters may
-only be referenced; assignment to them is not allowed.
-
-@vtable @code
-
-@item *
-@vindex $*
-($*) Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one.
-When the expansion is not within double quotes, each positional parameter
-expands to a separate word.
-In contexts where it is performed, those words
-are subject to further word splitting and pathname expansion.
-When the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a single word
-with the value of each parameter separated by the first character
-of the @env{IFS}
-special variable. That is, @code{"$*"} is equivalent
-to @code{"$1@var{c}$2@var{c}@dots{}"}, where @var{c}
-is the first character of the value of the @code{IFS}
-variable.
-If @env{IFS} is unset, the parameters are separated by spaces.
-If @env{IFS} is null, the parameters are joined without intervening
-separators.
-
-@item @@
-@vindex $@@
-($@@) Expands to the positional parameters, starting from one. When the
-expansion occurs within double quotes, each parameter expands to a
-separate word. That is, @code{"$@@"} is equivalent to
-@code{"$1" "$2" @dots{}}.
-If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word, the expansion of
-the first parameter is joined with the beginning part of the original
-word, and the expansion of the last parameter is joined with the last
-part of the original word.
-When there are no positional parameters, @code{"$@@"} and
-@code{$@@}
-expand to nothing (i.e., they are removed).
-
-@item #
-@vindex $#
-($#) Expands to the number of positional parameters in decimal.
-
-@item ?
-@vindex $?
-($?) Expands to the exit status of the most recently executed foreground
-pipeline.
-
-@item -
-@vindex $-
-($-, a hyphen.) Expands to the current option flags as specified upon
-invocation, by the @code{set}
-builtin command, or those set by the shell itself
-(such as the @option{-i} option).
-
-@item $
-@vindex $$
-($$) Expands to the process @sc{id} of the shell. In a @code{()} subshell, it
-expands to the process @sc{id} of the invoking shell, not the subshell.
-
-@item !
-@vindex $!
-($!) Expands to the process @sc{id} of the job most recently placed into the
-background, whether executed as an asynchronous command or using
-the @code{bg} builtin (@pxref{Job Control Builtins}).
-
-@item 0
-@vindex $0
-($0) Expands to the name of the shell or shell script. This is set at
-shell initialization. If Bash is invoked with a file of commands
-(@pxref{Shell Scripts}), @code{$0} is set to the name of that file.
-If Bash is started with the @option{-c} option (@pxref{Invoking Bash}),
-then @code{$0} is set to the first argument after the string to be
-executed, if one is present. Otherwise, it is set
-to the filename used to invoke Bash, as given by argument zero.
-
-@item _
-@vindex $_
-($_, an underscore.)
-At shell startup, set to the absolute pathname used to invoke the
-shell or shell script being executed as passed in the environment
-or argument list.
-Subsequently, expands to the last argument to the previous command,
-after expansion.
-Also set to the full pathname used to invoke each command executed
-and placed in the environment exported to that command.
-When checking mail, this parameter holds the name of the mail file.
-@end vtable
-
-@node Shell Expansions
-@section Shell Expansions
-@cindex expansion
-
-Expansion is performed on the command line after it has been split into
-@code{token}s. There are seven kinds of expansion performed:
-
-@itemize @bullet
-@item brace expansion
-@item tilde expansion
-@item parameter and variable expansion
-@item command substitution
-@item arithmetic expansion
-@item word splitting
-@item filename expansion
-@end itemize
-
-@menu
-* Brace Expansion:: Expansion of expressions within braces.
-* Tilde Expansion:: Expansion of the ~ character.
-* Shell Parameter Expansion:: How Bash expands variables to their values.
-* Command Substitution:: Using the output of a command as an argument.
-* Arithmetic Expansion:: How to use arithmetic in shell expansions.
-* Process Substitution:: A way to write and read to and from a
- command.
-* Word Splitting:: How the results of expansion are split into separate
- arguments.
-* Filename Expansion:: A shorthand for specifying filenames matching patterns.
-* Quote Removal:: How and when quote characters are removed from
- words.
-@end menu
-
-The order of expansions is:
-brace expansion;
-tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion, arithmetic expansion,
-and command substitution (done in a left-to-right fashion);
-word splitting;
-and filename expansion.
-
-On systems that can support it, there is an additional expansion
-available: @var{process substitution}.
-This is performed at the
-same time as tilde, parameter, variable, and arithmetic expansion and
-command substitution.
-
-Only brace expansion, word splitting, and filename expansion
-can change the number of words of the expansion; other expansions
-expand a single word to a single word.
-The only exceptions to this are the expansions of
-@code{"$@@"} (@pxref{Special Parameters}) and @code{"$@{@var{name}[@@]@}"}
-(@pxref{Arrays}).
-
-After all expansions, @code{quote removal} (@pxref{Quote Removal})
-is performed.
-
-@node Brace Expansion
-@subsection Brace Expansion
-@cindex brace expansion
-@cindex expansion, brace
-
-Brace expansion is a mechanism by which arbitrary strings may be generated.
-This mechanism is similar to
-@var{filename expansion} (@pxref{Filename Expansion}),
-but the filenames generated need not exist.
-Patterns to be brace expanded take the form of an optional @var{preamble},
-followed by either a series of comma-separated strings or a sequence expression
-between a pair of braces,
-followed by an optional @var{postscript}.
-The preamble is prefixed to each string contained within the braces, and
-the postscript is then appended to each resulting string, expanding left
-to right.
-
-Brace expansions may be nested.
-The results of each expanded string are not sorted; left to right order
-is preserved.
-For example,
-@example
-bash$ echo a@{d,c,b@}e
-ade ace abe
-@end example
-
-A sequence expression takes the form @code{@{@var{x}..@var{y}[..@var{incr}]@}},
-where @var{x} and @var{y} are either integers or single characters,
-and @var{incr}, an optional increment, is an integer.
-When integers are supplied, the expression expands to each number between
-@var{x} and @var{y}, inclusive.
-Supplied integers may be prefixed with @samp{0} to force each term to have the
-same width.
-When either @var{x} or @var{y} begins with a zero, the shell
-attempts to force all generated terms to contain the same number of digits,
-zero-padding where necessary.
-When characters are supplied, the expression expands to each character
-lexicographically between @var{x} and @var{y}, inclusive,
-using the default C locale.
-Note that both @var{x} and @var{y} must be of the same type.
-When the increment is supplied, it is used as the difference between
-each term. The default increment is 1 or -1 as appropriate.
-
-Brace expansion is performed before any other expansions,
-and any characters special to other expansions are preserved
-in the result. It is strictly textual. Bash
-does not apply any syntactic interpretation to the context of the
-expansion or the text between the braces.
-To avoid conflicts with parameter expansion, the string @samp{$@{}
-is not considered eligible for brace expansion.
-
-A correctly-formed brace expansion must contain unquoted opening
-and closing braces, and at least one unquoted comma or a valid
-sequence expression.
-Any incorrectly formed brace expansion is left unchanged.
-
-A @{ or @samp{,} may be quoted with a backslash to prevent its
-being considered part of a brace expression.
-To avoid conflicts with parameter expansion, the string @samp{$@{}
-is not considered eligible for brace expansion.
-
-This construct is typically used as shorthand when the common
-prefix of the strings to be generated is longer than in the
-above example:
-@example
-mkdir /usr/local/src/bash/@{old,new,dist,bugs@}
-@end example
-or
-@example
-chown root /usr/@{ucb/@{ex,edit@},lib/@{ex?.?*,how_ex@}@}
-@end example
-
-@node Tilde Expansion
-@subsection Tilde Expansion
-@cindex tilde expansion
-@cindex expansion, tilde
-
-If a word begins with an unquoted tilde character (@samp{~}), all of the
-characters up to the first unquoted slash (or all characters,
-if there is no unquoted slash) are considered a @var{tilde-prefix}.
-If none of the characters in the tilde-prefix are quoted, the
-characters in the tilde-prefix following the tilde are treated as a
-possible @var{login name}.
-If this login name is the null string, the tilde is replaced with the
-value of the @env{HOME} shell variable.
-If @env{HOME} is unset, the home directory of the user executing the
-shell is substituted instead.
-Otherwise, the tilde-prefix is replaced with the home directory
-associated with the specified login name.
-
-If the tilde-prefix is @samp{~+}, the value of
-the shell variable @env{PWD} replaces the tilde-prefix.
-If the tilde-prefix is @samp{~-}, the value of the shell variable
-@env{OLDPWD}, if it is set, is substituted.
-
-If the characters following the tilde in the tilde-prefix consist of a
-number @var{N}, optionally prefixed by a @samp{+} or a @samp{-},
-the tilde-prefix is replaced with the
-corresponding element from the directory stack, as it would be displayed
-by the @code{dirs} builtin invoked with the characters following tilde
-in the tilde-prefix as an argument (@pxref{The Directory Stack}).
-If the tilde-prefix, sans the tilde, consists of a number without a
-leading @samp{+} or @samp{-}, @samp{+} is assumed.
-
-If the login name is invalid, or the tilde expansion fails, the word is
-left unchanged.
-
-Each variable assignment is checked for unquoted tilde-prefixes immediately
-following a @samp{:} or the first @samp{=}.
-In these cases, tilde expansion is also performed.
-Consequently, one may use filenames with tildes in assignments to
-@env{PATH}, @env{MAILPATH}, and @env{CDPATH},
-and the shell assigns the expanded value.
-
-The following table shows how Bash treats unquoted tilde-prefixes:
-
-@table @code
-@item ~
-The value of @code{$HOME}
-@item ~/foo
-@file{$HOME/foo}
-
-@item ~fred/foo
-The subdirectory @code{foo} of the home directory of the user
-@code{fred}
-
-@item ~+/foo
-@file{$PWD/foo}
-
-@item ~-/foo
-@file{$@{OLDPWD-'~-'@}/foo}
-
-@item ~@var{N}
-The string that would be displayed by @samp{dirs +@var{N}}
-
-@item ~+@var{N}
-The string that would be displayed by @samp{dirs +@var{N}}
-
-@item ~-@var{N}
-The string that would be displayed by @samp{dirs -@var{N}}
-@end table
-
-@node Shell Parameter Expansion
-@subsection Shell Parameter Expansion
-@cindex parameter expansion
-@cindex expansion, parameter
-
-The @samp{$} character introduces parameter expansion,
-command substitution, or arithmetic expansion. The parameter name
-or symbol to be expanded may be enclosed in braces, which
-are optional but serve to protect the variable to be expanded from
-characters immediately following it which could be
-interpreted as part of the name.
-
-When braces are used, the matching ending brace is the first @samp{@}}
-not escaped by a backslash or within a quoted string, and not within an
-embedded arithmetic expansion, command substitution, or parameter
-expansion.
-
-The basic form of parameter expansion is $@{@var{parameter}@}.
-The value of @var{parameter} is substituted.
-The @var{parameter} is a shell parameter as described above
-(@pxref{Shell Parameters}) or an array reference (@pxref{Arrays}).
-The braces are required when @var{parameter}
-is a positional parameter with more than one digit,
-or when @var{parameter} is followed by a character that is not to be
-interpreted as part of its name.
-
-If the first character of @var{parameter} is an exclamation point (!),
-it introduces a level of variable indirection.
-Bash uses the value of the variable formed from the rest of
-@var{parameter} as the name of the variable; this variable is then
-expanded and that value is used in the rest of the substitution, rather
-than the value of @var{parameter} itself.
-This is known as @code{indirect expansion}.
-The exceptions to this are the expansions of $@{!@var{prefix}*@}
-and $@{!@var{name}[@@]@}
-described below.
-The exclamation point must immediately follow the left brace in order to
-introduce indirection.
-
-In each of the cases below, @var{word} is subject to tilde expansion,
-parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion.
-
-When not performing substring expansion, using the form described
-below (e.g., @samp{:-}), Bash tests for a parameter that is unset or null.
-Omitting the colon results in a test only for a parameter that is unset.
-Put another way, if the colon is included,
-the operator tests for both @var{parameter}'s existence and that its value
-is not null; if the colon is omitted, the operator tests only for existence.
-
-@table @code
-
-@item $@{@var{parameter}:@minus{}@var{word}@}
-If @var{parameter} is unset or null, the expansion of
-@var{word} is substituted. Otherwise, the value of
-@var{parameter} is substituted.
-
-@item $@{@var{parameter}:=@var{word}@}
-If @var{parameter}
-is unset or null, the expansion of @var{word}
-is assigned to @var{parameter}.
-The value of @var{parameter} is then substituted.
-Positional parameters and special parameters may not be assigned to
-in this way.
-
-@item $@{@var{parameter}:?@var{word}@}
-If @var{parameter}
-is null or unset, the expansion of @var{word} (or a message
-to that effect if @var{word}
-is not present) is written to the standard error and the shell, if it
-is not interactive, exits. Otherwise, the value of @var{parameter} is
-substituted.
-
-@item $@{@var{parameter}:+@var{word}@}
-If @var{parameter}
-is null or unset, nothing is substituted, otherwise the expansion of
-@var{word} is substituted.
-
-@item $@{@var{parameter}:@var{offset}@}
-@itemx $@{@var{parameter}:@var{offset}:@var{length}@}
-This is referred to as Substring Expansion.
-It expands to up to @var{length} characters of the value of @var{parameter}
-starting at the character specified by @var{offset}.
-If @var{parameter} is @samp{@@}, an indexed array subscripted by
-@samp{@@} or @samp{*}, or an associative array name, the results differ as
-described below.
-If @var{length} is omitted, it expands to the substring of the value of
-@var{parameter} starting at the character specified by @var{offset}
-and extending to the end of the value.
-@var{length} and @var{offset} are arithmetic expressions
-(@pxref{Shell Arithmetic}).
-
-If @var{offset} evaluates to a number less than zero, the value
-is used as an offset in characters
-from the end of the value of @var{parameter}.
-If @var{length} evaluates to a number less than zero,
-it is interpreted as an offset in characters
-from the end of the value of @var{parameter} rather than
-a number of characters, and the expansion is the characters between
-@var{offset} and that result.
-Note that a negative offset must be separated from the colon by at least
-one space to avoid being confused with the @samp{:-} expansion.
-
-Here are some examples illustrating substring expansion on parameters and
-subscripted arrays:
-
-@verbatim
-$ string=01234567890abcdefgh
-$ echo ${string:7}
-7890abcdefgh
-$ echo ${string:7:0}
-
-$ echo ${string:7:2}
-78
-$ echo ${string:7:-2}
-7890abcdef
-$ echo ${string: -7}
-bcdefgh
-$ echo ${string: -7:0}
-
-$ echo ${string: -7:2}
-bc
-$ echo ${string: -7:-2}
-bcdef
-$ set -- 01234567890abcdefgh
-$ echo ${1:7}
-7890abcdefgh
-$ echo ${1:7:0}
-
-$ echo ${1:7:2}
-78
-$ echo ${1:7:-2}
-7890abcdef
-$ echo ${1: -7}
-bcdefgh
-$ echo ${1: -7:0}
-
-$ echo ${1: -7:2}
-bc
-$ echo ${1: -7:-2}
-bcdef
-$ array[0]=01234567890abcdefgh
-$ echo ${array[0]:7}
-7890abcdefgh
-$ echo ${array[0]:7:0}
-
-$ echo ${array[0]:7:2}
-78
-$ echo ${array[0]:7:-2}
-7890abcdef
-$ echo ${array[0]: -7}
-bcdefgh
-$ echo ${array[0]: -7:0}
-
-$ echo ${array[0]: -7:2}
-bc
-$ echo ${array[0]: -7:-2}
-bcdef
-@end verbatim
-
-If @var{parameter} is @samp{@@}, the result is @var{length} positional
-parameters beginning at @var{offset}.
-A negative @var{offset} is taken relative to one greater than the greatest
-positional parameter, so an offset of -1 evaluates to the last positional
-parameter.
-It is an expansion error if @var{length} evaluates to a number less than zero.
-
-The following examples illustrate substring expansion using positional
-parameters:
-
-@verbatim
-$ set -- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
-$ echo ${@:7}
-7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
-$ echo ${@:7:0}
-
-$ echo ${@:7:2}
-7 8
-$ echo ${@:7:-2}
-bash: -2: substring expression < 0
-$ echo ${@: -7:2}
-b c
-$ echo ${@:0}
-./bash 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
-$ echo ${@:0:2}
-./bash 1
-$ echo ${@: -7:0}
-
-@end verbatim
-
-If @var{parameter} is an indexed array name subscripted
-by @samp{@@} or @samp{*}, the result is the @var{length}
-members of the array beginning with @code{$@{@var{parameter}[@var{offset}]@}}.
-A negative @var{offset} is taken relative to one greater than the maximum
-index of the specified array.
-It is an expansion error if @var{length} evaluates to a number less than zero.
-
-These examples show how you can use substring expansion with indexed
-arrays:
-
-@verbatim
-$ array=(0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h)
-$ echo ${array[@]:7}
-7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
-$ echo ${array[@]:7:2}
-7 8
-$ echo ${array[@]: -7:2}
-b c
-$ echo ${array[@]: -7:-2}
-bash: -2: substring expression < 0
-$ echo ${array[@]:0}
-0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 a b c d e f g h
-$ echo ${array[@]:0:2}
-0 1
-$ echo ${array[@]: -7:0}
-
-@end verbatim
-
-Substring expansion applied to an associative array produces undefined
-results.
-
-Substring indexing is zero-based unless the positional parameters
-are used, in which case the indexing starts at 1 by default.
-If @var{offset} is 0, and the positional parameters are used, @code{$@@} is
-prefixed to the list.
-
-@item $@{!@var{prefix}*@}
-@itemx $@{!@var{prefix}@@@}
-Expands to the names of variables whose names begin with @var{prefix},
-separated by the first character of the @env{IFS} special variable.
-When @samp{@@} is used and the expansion appears within double quotes, each
-variable name expands to a separate word.
-
-@item $@{!@var{name}[@@]@}
-@itemx $@{!@var{name}[*]@}
-If @var{name} is an array variable, expands to the list of array indices
-(keys) assigned in @var{name}.
-If @var{name} is not an array, expands to 0 if @var{name} is set and null
-otherwise.
-When @samp{@@} is used and the expansion appears within double quotes, each
-key expands to a separate word.
-
-@item $@{#@var{parameter}@}
-The length in characters of the expanded value of @var{parameter} is
-substituted.
-If @var{parameter} is @samp{*} or @samp{@@}, the value substituted
-is the number of positional parameters.
-If @var{parameter} is an array name subscripted by @samp{*} or @samp{@@},
-the value substituted is the number of elements in the array.
-If @var{parameter}
-is an indexed array name subscripted by a negative number, that number is
-interpreted as relative to one greater than the maximum index of
-@var{parameter}, so negative indices count back from the end of the
-array, and an index of -1 references the last element.
-
-@item $@{@var{parameter}#@var{word}@}
-@itemx $@{@var{parameter}##@var{word}@}
-The @var{word}
-is expanded to produce a pattern just as in filename
-expansion (@pxref{Filename Expansion}). If the pattern matches
-the beginning of the expanded value of @var{parameter},
-then the result of the expansion is the expanded value of @var{parameter}
-with the shortest matching pattern (the @samp{#} case) or the
-longest matching pattern (the @samp{##} case) deleted.
-If @var{parameter} is @samp{@@} or @samp{*},
-the pattern removal operation is applied to each positional
-parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
-If @var{parameter} is an array variable subscripted with
-@samp{@@} or @samp{*},
-the pattern removal operation is applied to each member of the
-array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
-
-@item $@{@var{parameter}%@var{word}@}
-@itemx $@{@var{parameter}%%@var{word}@}
-The @var{word} is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
-filename expansion.
-If the pattern matches a trailing portion of the expanded value of
-@var{parameter}, then the result of the expansion is the value of
-@var{parameter} with the shortest matching pattern (the @samp{%} case)
-or the longest matching pattern (the @samp{%%} case) deleted.
-If @var{parameter} is @samp{@@} or @samp{*},
-the pattern removal operation is applied to each positional
-parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
-If @var{parameter}
-is an array variable subscripted with @samp{@@} or @samp{*},
-the pattern removal operation is applied to each member of the
-array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
-
-@item $@{@var{parameter}/@var{pattern}/@var{string}@}
-
-The @var{pattern} is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
-filename expansion.
-@var{Parameter} is expanded and the longest match of @var{pattern}
-against its value is replaced with @var{string}.
-If @var{pattern} begins with @samp{/}, all matches of @var{pattern} are
-replaced with @var{string}. Normally only the first match is replaced.
-If @var{pattern} begins with @samp{#}, it must match at the beginning
-of the expanded value of @var{parameter}.
-If @var{pattern} begins with @samp{%}, it must match at the end
-of the expanded value of @var{parameter}.
-If @var{string} is null, matches of @var{pattern} are deleted
-and the @code{/} following @var{pattern} may be omitted.
-If @var{parameter} is @samp{@@} or @samp{*},
-the substitution operation is applied to each positional
-parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
-If @var{parameter}
-is an array variable subscripted with @samp{@@} or @samp{*},
-the substitution operation is applied to each member of the
-array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
-
-@item $@{@var{parameter}^@var{pattern}@}
-@itemx $@{@var{parameter}^^@var{pattern}@}
-@itemx $@{@var{parameter},@var{pattern}@}
-@itemx $@{@var{parameter},,@var{pattern}@}
-This expansion modifies the case of alphabetic characters in @var{parameter}.
-The @var{pattern} is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
-filename expansion.
-Each character in the expanded value of @var{parameter} is tested against
-@var{pattern}, and, if it matches the pattern, its case is converted.
-The pattern should not attempt to match more than one character.
-The @samp{^} operator converts lowercase letters matching @var{pattern}
-to uppercase; the @samp{,} operator converts matching uppercase letters
-to lowercase.
-The @samp{^^} and @samp{,,} expansions convert each matched character in the
-expanded value; the @samp{^} and @samp{,} expansions match and convert only
-the first character in the expanded value.
-If @var{pattern} is omitted, it is treated like a @samp{?}, which matches
-every character.
-If @var{parameter} is @samp{@@} or @samp{*},
-the case modification operation is applied to each positional
-parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
-If @var{parameter}
-is an array variable subscripted with @samp{@@} or @samp{*},
-the case modification operation is applied to each member of the
-array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
-@end table
-
-@node Command Substitution
-@subsection Command Substitution
-@cindex command substitution
-
-Command substitution allows the output of a command to replace
-the command itself.
-Command substitution occurs when a command is enclosed as follows:
-@example
-$(@var{command})
-@end example
-@noindent
-or
-@example
-`@var{command}`
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-Bash performs the expansion by executing @var{command} and
-replacing the command substitution with the standard output of the
-command, with any trailing newlines deleted.
-Embedded newlines are not deleted, but they may be removed during
-word splitting.
-The command substitution @code{$(cat @var{file})} can be
-replaced by the equivalent but faster @code{$(< @var{file})}.
-
-When the old-style backquote form of substitution is used,
-backslash retains its literal meaning except when followed by
-@samp{$}, @samp{`}, or @samp{\}.
-The first backquote not preceded by a backslash terminates the
-command substitution.
-When using the @code{$(@var{command})} form, all characters between
-the parentheses make up the command; none are treated specially.
-
-Command substitutions may be nested. To nest when using the backquoted
-form, escape the inner backquotes with backslashes.
-
-If the substitution appears within double quotes, word splitting and
-filename expansion are not performed on the results.
-
-@node Arithmetic Expansion
-@subsection Arithmetic Expansion
-@cindex expansion, arithmetic
-@cindex arithmetic expansion
-
-Arithmetic expansion allows the evaluation of an arithmetic expression
-and the substitution of the result. The format for arithmetic expansion is:
-
-@example
-$(( @var{expression} ))
-@end example
-
-The expression is treated as if it were within double quotes, but
-a double quote inside the parentheses is not treated specially.
-All tokens in the expression undergo parameter and variable expansion,
-command substitution, and quote removal.
-The result is treated as the arithmetic expression to be evaluated.
-Arithmetic expansions may be nested.
-
-The evaluation is performed according to the rules listed below
-(@pxref{Shell Arithmetic}).
-If the expression is invalid, Bash prints a message indicating
-failure to the standard error and no substitution occurs.
-
-@node Process Substitution
-@subsection Process Substitution
-@cindex process substitution
-
-Process substitution is supported on systems that support named
-pipes (@sc{fifo}s) or the @file{/dev/fd} method of naming open files.
-It takes the form of
-@example
-<(@var{list})
-@end example
-@noindent
-or
-@example
->(@var{list})
-@end example
-@noindent
-The process @var{list} is run with its input or output connected to a
-@sc{fifo} or some file in @file{/dev/fd}. The name of this file is
-passed as an argument to the current command as the result of the
-expansion. If the @code{>(@var{list})} form is used, writing to
-the file will provide input for @var{list}. If the
-@code{<(@var{list})} form is used, the file passed as an
-argument should be read to obtain the output of @var{list}.
-Note that no space may appear between the @code{<} or @code{>}
-and the left parenthesis, otherwise the construct would be interpreted
-as a redirection.
-
-When available, process substitution is performed simultaneously with
-parameter and variable expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic
-expansion.
-
-@node Word Splitting
-@subsection Word Splitting
-@cindex word splitting
-
-The shell scans the results of parameter expansion, command substitution,
-and arithmetic expansion that did not occur within double quotes for
-word splitting.
-
-The shell treats each character of @env{$IFS} as a delimiter, and splits
-the results of the other expansions into words using these characters
-as field terminators.
-If @env{IFS} is unset, or its value is exactly @code{<space><tab><newline>},
-the default, then sequences of
-@code{ <space>}, @code{<tab>}, and @code{<newline>}
-at the beginning and end of the results of the previous
-expansions are ignored, and any sequence of @env{IFS}
-characters not at the beginning or end serves to delimit words.
-If @env{IFS} has a value other than the default, then sequences of
-the whitespace characters @code{space} and @code{tab}
-are ignored at the beginning and end of the
-word, as long as the whitespace character is in the
-value of @env{IFS} (an @env{IFS} whitespace character).
-Any character in @env{IFS} that is not @env{IFS}
-whitespace, along with any adjacent @env{IFS}
-whitespace characters, delimits a field. A sequence of @env{IFS}
-whitespace characters is also treated as a delimiter.
-If the value of @env{IFS} is null, no word splitting occurs.
-
-Explicit null arguments (@code{""} or @code{''}) are retained.
-Unquoted implicit null arguments, resulting from the expansion of
-parameters that have no values, are removed.
-If a parameter with no value is expanded within double quotes, a
-null argument results and is retained.
-
-Note that if no expansion occurs, no splitting
-is performed.
-
-@node Filename Expansion
-@subsection Filename Expansion
-@menu
-* Pattern Matching:: How the shell matches patterns.
-@end menu
-@cindex expansion, filename
-@cindex expansion, pathname
-@cindex filename expansion
-@cindex pathname expansion
-
-After word splitting, unless the @option{-f} option has been set
-(@pxref{The Set Builtin}), Bash scans each word for the characters
-@samp{*}, @samp{?}, and @samp{[}.
-If one of these characters appears, then the word is
-regarded as a @var{pattern},
-and replaced with an alphabetically sorted list of
-filenames matching the pattern (@pxref{Pattern Matching}).
-If no matching filenames are found,
-and the shell option @code{nullglob} is disabled, the word is left
-unchanged.
-If the @code{nullglob} option is set, and no matches are found, the word
-is removed.
-If the @code{failglob} shell option is set, and no matches are found,
-an error message is printed and the command is not executed.
-If the shell option @code{nocaseglob} is enabled, the match is performed
-without regard to the case of alphabetic characters.
-
-When a pattern is used for filename expansion, the character @samp{.}
-at the start of a filename or immediately following a slash
-must be matched explicitly, unless the shell option @code{dotglob} is set.
-When matching a filename, the slash character must always be
-matched explicitly.
-In other cases, the @samp{.} character is not treated specially.
-
-See the description of @code{shopt} in @ref{The Shopt Builtin},
-for a description of the @code{nocaseglob}, @code{nullglob},
-@code{failglob}, and @code{dotglob} options.
-
-The @env{GLOBIGNORE}
-shell variable may be used to restrict the set of filenames matching a
-pattern. If @env{GLOBIGNORE}
-is set, each matching filename that also matches one of the patterns in
-@env{GLOBIGNORE} is removed from the list of matches. The filenames
-@file{.} and @file{..}
-are always ignored when @env{GLOBIGNORE}
-is set and not null.
-However, setting @env{GLOBIGNORE} to a non-null value has the effect of
-enabling the @code{dotglob}
-shell option, so all other filenames beginning with a
-@samp{.} will match.
-To get the old behavior of ignoring filenames beginning with a
-@samp{.}, make @samp{.*} one of the patterns in @env{GLOBIGNORE}.
-The @code{dotglob} option is disabled when @env{GLOBIGNORE}
-is unset.
-
-@node Pattern Matching
-@subsubsection Pattern Matching
-@cindex pattern matching
-@cindex matching, pattern
-
-Any character that appears in a pattern, other than the special pattern
-characters described below, matches itself.
-The @sc{nul} character may not occur in a pattern.
-A backslash escapes the following character; the
-escaping backslash is discarded when matching.
-The special pattern characters must be quoted if they are to be matched
-literally.
-
-The special pattern characters have the following meanings:
-@table @code
-@item *
-Matches any string, including the null string.
-When the @code{globstar} shell option is enabled, and @samp{*} is used in
-a filename expansion context, two adjacent @samp{*}s used as a single
-pattern will match all files and zero or more directories and
-subdirectories.
-If followed by a @samp{/}, two adjacent @samp{*}s will match only
-directories and subdirectories.
-@item ?
-Matches any single character.
-@item [@dots{}]
-Matches any one of the enclosed characters. A pair of characters
-separated by a hyphen denotes a @var{range expression};
-any character that falls between those two characters, inclusive,
-using the current locale's collating sequence and character set,
-is matched. If the first character following the
-@samp{[} is a @samp{!} or a @samp{^}
-then any character not enclosed is matched. A @samp{@minus{}}
-may be matched by including it as the first or last character
-in the set. A @samp{]} may be matched by including it as the first
-character in the set.
-The sorting order of characters in range expressions is determined by
-the current locale and the values of the
-@env{LC_COLLATE} and @env{LC_ALL} shell variables, if set.
-
-For example, in the default C locale, @samp{[a-dx-z]} is equivalent to
-@samp{[abcdxyz]}. Many locales sort characters in dictionary order, and in
-these locales @samp{[a-dx-z]} is typically not equivalent to @samp{[abcdxyz]};
-it might be equivalent to @samp{[aBbCcDdxXyYz]}, for example. To obtain
-the traditional interpretation of ranges in bracket expressions, you can
-force the use of the C locale by setting the @env{LC_COLLATE} or
-@env{LC_ALL} environment variable to the value @samp{C}, or enable the
-@code{globasciiranges} shell option.
-
-Within @samp{[} and @samp{]}, @var{character classes} can be specified
-using the syntax
-@code{[:}@var{class}@code{:]}, where @var{class} is one of the
-following classes defined in the @sc{posix} standard:
-@example
-alnum alpha ascii blank cntrl digit graph lower
-print punct space upper word xdigit
-@end example
-@noindent
-A character class matches any character belonging to that class.
-The @code{word} character class matches letters, digits, and the character
-@samp{_}.
-
-Within @samp{[} and @samp{]}, an @var{equivalence class} can be
-specified using the syntax @code{[=}@var{c}@code{=]}, which
-matches all characters with the same collation weight (as defined
-by the current locale) as the character @var{c}.
-
-Within @samp{[} and @samp{]}, the syntax @code{[.}@var{symbol}@code{.]}
-matches the collating symbol @var{symbol}.
-@end table
-
-If the @code{extglob} shell option is enabled using the @code{shopt}
-builtin, several extended pattern matching operators are recognized.
-In the following description, a @var{pattern-list} is a list of one
-or more patterns separated by a @samp{|}.
-Composite patterns may be formed using one or more of the following
-sub-patterns:
-
-@table @code
-@item ?(@var{pattern-list})
-Matches zero or one occurrence of the given patterns.
-
-@item *(@var{pattern-list})
-Matches zero or more occurrences of the given patterns.
-
-@item +(@var{pattern-list})
-Matches one or more occurrences of the given patterns.
-
-@item @@(@var{pattern-list})
-Matches one of the given patterns.
-
-@item !(@var{pattern-list})
-Matches anything except one of the given patterns.
-@end table
-
-@node Quote Removal
-@subsection Quote Removal
-
-After the preceding expansions, all unquoted occurrences of the
-characters @samp{\}, @samp{'}, and @samp{"} that did not
-result from one of the above expansions are removed.
-
-@node Redirections
-@section Redirections
-@cindex redirection
-
-Before a command is executed, its input and output
-may be @var{redirected}
-using a special notation interpreted by the shell.
-Redirection allows commands' file handles to be
-duplicated, opened, closed,
-made to refer to different files,
-and can change the files the command reads from and writes to.
-Redirection may also be used to modify file handles in the
-current shell execution environment. The following redirection
-operators may precede or appear anywhere within a
-simple command or may follow a command.
-Redirections are processed in the order they appear, from
-left to right.
-
-Each redirection that may be preceded by a file descriptor number
-may instead be preceded by a word of the form @{@var{varname}@}.
-In this case, for each redirection operator except
->&- and <&-, the shell will allocate a file descriptor greater
-than 10 and assign it to @{@var{varname}@}. If >&- or <&- is preceded
-by @{@var{varname}@}, the value of @var{varname} defines the file
-descriptor to close.
-
-In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is
-omitted, and the first character of the redirection operator is
-@samp{<}, the redirection refers to the standard input (file
-descriptor 0). If the first character of the redirection operator
-is @samp{>}, the redirection refers to the standard output (file
-descriptor 1).
-
-The word following the redirection operator in the following
-descriptions, unless otherwise noted, is subjected to brace expansion,
-tilde expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic
-expansion, quote removal, filename expansion, and word splitting.
-If it expands to more than one word, Bash reports an error.
-
-Note that the order of redirections is significant. For example,
-the command
-@example
-ls > @var{dirlist} 2>&1
-@end example
-@noindent
-directs both standard output (file descriptor 1) and standard error
-(file descriptor 2) to the file @var{dirlist}, while the command
-@example
-ls 2>&1 > @var{dirlist}
-@end example
-@noindent
-directs only the standard output to file @var{dirlist},
-because the standard error was made a copy of the standard output
-before the standard output was redirected to @var{dirlist}.
-
-Bash handles several filenames specially when they are used in
-redirections, as described in the following table:
-
-@table @code
-@item /dev/fd/@var{fd}
-If @var{fd} is a valid integer, file descriptor @var{fd} is duplicated.
-
-@item /dev/stdin
-File descriptor 0 is duplicated.
-
-@item /dev/stdout
-File descriptor 1 is duplicated.
-
-@item /dev/stderr
-File descriptor 2 is duplicated.
-
-@item /dev/tcp/@var{host}/@var{port}
-If @var{host} is a valid hostname or Internet address, and @var{port}
-is an integer port number or service name, Bash attempts to open
-the corresponding TCP socket.
-
-@item /dev/udp/@var{host}/@var{port}
-If @var{host} is a valid hostname or Internet address, and @var{port}
-is an integer port number or service name, Bash attempts to open
-the corresponding UDP socket.
-@end table
-
-A failure to open or create a file causes the redirection to fail.
-
-Redirections using file descriptors greater than 9 should be used with
-care, as they may conflict with file descriptors the shell uses
-internally.
-
-@subsection Redirecting Input
-Redirection of input causes the file whose name results from
-the expansion of @var{word}
-to be opened for reading on file descriptor @code{n},
-or the standard input (file descriptor 0) if @code{n}
-is not specified.
-
-The general format for redirecting input is:
-@example
-[@var{n}]<@var{word}
-@end example
-
-@subsection Redirecting Output
-Redirection of output causes the file whose name results from
-the expansion of @var{word}
-to be opened for writing on file descriptor @var{n},
-or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if @var{n}
-is not specified. If the file does not exist it is created;
-if it does exist it is truncated to zero size.
-
-The general format for redirecting output is:
-@example
-[@var{n}]>[|]@var{word}
-@end example
-
-If the redirection operator is @samp{>}, and the @code{noclobber}
-option to the @code{set} builtin has been enabled, the redirection
-will fail if the file whose name results from the expansion of
-@var{word} exists and is a regular file.
-If the redirection operator is @samp{>|}, or the redirection operator is
-@samp{>} and the @code{noclobber} option is not enabled, the redirection
-is attempted even if the file named by @var{word} exists.
-
-@subsection Appending Redirected Output
-Redirection of output in this fashion
-causes the file whose name results from
-the expansion of @var{word}
-to be opened for appending on file descriptor @var{n},
-or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if @var{n}
-is not specified. If the file does not exist it is created.
-
-The general format for appending output is:
-@example
-[@var{n}]>>@var{word}
-@end example
-
-@subsection Redirecting Standard Output and Standard Error
-This construct allows both the
-standard output (file descriptor 1) and
-the standard error output (file descriptor 2)
-to be redirected to the file whose name is the
-expansion of @var{word}.
-
-There are two formats for redirecting standard output and
-standard error:
-@example
-&>@var{word}
-@end example
-@noindent
-and
-@example
->&@var{word}
-@end example
-@noindent
-Of the two forms, the first is preferred.
-This is semantically equivalent to
-@example
->@var{word} 2>&1
-@end example
-When using the second form, @var{word} may not expand to a number or
-@samp{-}. If it does, other redirection operators apply
-(see Duplicating File Descriptors below) for compatibility reasons.
-
-@subsection Appending Standard Output and Standard Error
-This construct allows both the
-standard output (file descriptor 1) and
-the standard error output (file descriptor 2)
-to be appended to the file whose name is the
-expansion of @var{word}.
-
-The format for appending standard output and standard error is:
-@example
-&>>@var{word}
-@end example
-@noindent
-This is semantically equivalent to
-@example
->>@var{word} 2>&1
-@end example
-(see Duplicating File Descriptors below).
-
-@subsection Here Documents
-This type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from the
-current source until a line containing only @var{word}
-(with no trailing blanks) is seen. All of
-the lines read up to that point are then used as the standard
-input for a command.
-
-The format of here-documents is:
-@example
-<<[@minus{}]@var{word}
- @var{here-document}
-@var{delimiter}
-@end example
-
-No parameter and variable expansion, command substitution,
-arithmetic expansion, or filename expansion is performed on
-@var{word}. If any characters in @var{word} are quoted, the
-@var{delimiter} is the result of quote removal on @var{word},
-and the lines in the here-document are not expanded.
-If @var{word} is unquoted,
-all lines of the here-document are subjected to
-parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion,
-the character sequence @code{\newline} is ignored, and @samp{\}
-must be used to quote the characters
-@samp{\}, @samp{$}, and @samp{`}.
-
-If the redirection operator is @samp{<<-},
-then all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines and the
-line containing @var{delimiter}.
-This allows here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a
-natural fashion.
-
-@subsection Here Strings
-A variant of here documents, the format is:
-@example
-<<< @var{word}
-@end example
-
-The @var{word} undergoes
-brace expansion, tilde expansion, parameter and variable expansion,
-command substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote removal.
-Pathname expansion and word splitting are not performed.
-The result is supplied as a single string to the command on its
-standard input.
-
-@subsection Duplicating File Descriptors
-The redirection operator
-@example
-[@var{n}]<&@var{word}
-@end example
-@noindent
-is used to duplicate input file descriptors.
-If @var{word}
-expands to one or more digits, the file descriptor denoted by @var{n}
-is made to be a copy of that file descriptor.
-If the digits in @var{word} do not specify a file descriptor open for
-input, a redirection error occurs.
-If @var{word}
-evaluates to @samp{-}, file descriptor @var{n} is closed.
-If @var{n} is not specified, the standard input (file descriptor 0) is used.
-
-The operator
-@example
-[@var{n}]>&@var{word}
-@end example
-@noindent
-is used similarly to duplicate output file descriptors. If
-@var{n} is not specified, the standard output (file descriptor 1) is used.
-If the digits in @var{word} do not specify a file descriptor open for
-output, a redirection error occurs.
-If @var{word}
-evaluates to @samp{-}, file descriptor @var{n} is closed.
-As a special case, if @var{n} is omitted, and @var{word} does not
-expand to one or more digits or @samp{-}, the standard output and standard
-error are redirected as described previously.
-
-@subsection Moving File Descriptors
-The redirection operator
-@example
-[@var{n}]<&@var{digit}-
-@end example
-@noindent
-moves the file descriptor @var{digit} to file descriptor @var{n},
-or the standard input (file descriptor 0) if @var{n} is not specified.
-@var{digit} is closed after being duplicated to @var{n}.
-
-Similarly, the redirection operator
-@example
-[@var{n}]>&@var{digit}-
-@end example
-@noindent
-moves the file descriptor @var{digit} to file descriptor @var{n},
-or the standard output (file descriptor 1) if @var{n} is not specified.
-
-@subsection Opening File Descriptors for Reading and Writing
-The redirection operator
-@example
-[@var{n}]<>@var{word}
-@end example
-@noindent
-causes the file whose name is the expansion of @var{word}
-to be opened for both reading and writing on file descriptor
-@var{n}, or on file descriptor 0 if @var{n}
-is not specified. If the file does not exist, it is created.
-
-@node Executing Commands
-@section Executing Commands
-
-@menu
-* Simple Command Expansion:: How Bash expands simple commands before
- executing them.
-* Command Search and Execution:: How Bash finds commands and runs them.
-* Command Execution Environment:: The environment in which Bash
- executes commands that are not
- shell builtins.
-* Environment:: The environment given to a command.
-* Exit Status:: The status returned by commands and how Bash
- interprets it.
-* Signals:: What happens when Bash or a command it runs
- receives a signal.
-@end menu
-
-@node Simple Command Expansion
-@subsection Simple Command Expansion
-@cindex command expansion
-
-When a simple command is executed, the shell performs the following
-expansions, assignments, and redirections, from left to right.
-
-@enumerate
-@item
-The words that the parser has marked as variable assignments (those
-preceding the command name) and redirections are saved for later
-processing.
-
-@item
-The words that are not variable assignments or redirections are
-expanded (@pxref{Shell Expansions}).
-If any words remain after expansion, the first word
-is taken to be the name of the command and the remaining words are
-the arguments.
-
-@item
-Redirections are performed as described above (@pxref{Redirections}).
-
-@item
-The text after the @samp{=} in each variable assignment undergoes tilde
-expansion, parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic expansion,
-and quote removal before being assigned to the variable.
-@end enumerate
-
-If no command name results, the variable assignments affect the current
-shell environment. Otherwise, the variables are added to the environment
-of the executed command and do not affect the current shell environment.
-If any of the assignments attempts to assign a value to a readonly variable,
-an error occurs, and the command exits with a non-zero status.
-
-If no command name results, redirections are performed, but do not
-affect the current shell environment. A redirection error causes the
-command to exit with a non-zero status.
-
-If there is a command name left after expansion, execution proceeds as
-described below. Otherwise, the command exits. If one of the expansions
-contained a command substitution, the exit status of the command is
-the exit status of the last command substitution performed. If there
-were no command substitutions, the command exits with a status of zero.
-
-@node Command Search and Execution
-@subsection Command Search and Execution
-@cindex command execution
-@cindex command search
-
-After a command has been split into words, if it results in a
-simple command and an optional list of arguments, the following
-actions are taken.
-
-@enumerate
-@item
-If the command name contains no slashes, the shell attempts to
-locate it. If there exists a shell function by that name, that
-function is invoked as described in @ref{Shell Functions}.
-
-@item
-If the name does not match a function, the shell searches for
-it in the list of shell builtins. If a match is found, that
-builtin is invoked.
-
-@item
-If the name is neither a shell function nor a builtin,
-and contains no slashes, Bash searches each element of
-@env{$PATH} for a directory containing an executable file
-by that name. Bash uses a hash table to remember the full
-pathnames of executable files to avoid multiple @env{PATH} searches
-(see the description of @code{hash} in @ref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
-A full search of the directories in @env{$PATH}
-is performed only if the command is not found in the hash table.
-If the search is unsuccessful, the shell searches for a defined shell
-function named @code{command_not_found_handle}.
-If that function exists, it is invoked with the original command and
-the original command's arguments as its arguments, and the function's
-exit status becomes the exit status of the shell.
-If that function is not defined, the shell prints an error
-message and returns an exit status of 127.
-
-@item
-If the search is successful, or if the command name contains
-one or more slashes, the shell executes the named program in
-a separate execution environment.
-Argument 0 is set to the name given, and the remaining arguments
-to the command are set to the arguments supplied, if any.
-
-@item
-If this execution fails because the file is not in executable
-format, and the file is not a directory, it is assumed to be a
-@var{shell script} and the shell executes it as described in
-@ref{Shell Scripts}.
-
-@item
-If the command was not begun asynchronously, the shell waits for
-the command to complete and collects its exit status.
-
-@end enumerate
-
-@node Command Execution Environment
-@subsection Command Execution Environment
-@cindex execution environment
-
-The shell has an @var{execution environment}, which consists of the
-following:
-
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-open files inherited by the shell at invocation, as modified by
-redirections supplied to the @code{exec} builtin
-
-@item
-the current working directory as set by @code{cd}, @code{pushd}, or
-@code{popd}, or inherited by the shell at invocation
-
-@item
-the file creation mode mask as set by @code{umask} or inherited from
-the shell's parent
-
-@item
-current traps set by @code{trap}
-
-@item
-shell parameters that are set by variable assignment or with @code{set}
-or inherited from the shell's parent in the environment
-
-@item
-shell functions defined during execution or inherited from the shell's
-parent in the environment
-
-@item
-options enabled at invocation (either by default or with command-line
-arguments) or by @code{set}
-
-@item
-options enabled by @code{shopt} (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin})
-
-@item
-shell aliases defined with @code{alias} (@pxref{Aliases})
-
-@item
-various process @sc{id}s, including those of background jobs
-(@pxref{Lists}), the value of @code{$$}, and the value of
-@env{$PPID}
-
-@end itemize
-
-When a simple command other than a builtin or shell function
-is to be executed, it
-is invoked in a separate execution environment that consists of
-the following. Unless otherwise noted, the values are inherited
-from the shell.
-
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-the shell's open files, plus any modifications and additions specified
-by redirections to the command
-
-@item
-the current working directory
-
-@item
-the file creation mode mask
-
-@item
-shell variables and functions marked for export, along with variables
-exported for the command, passed in the environment (@pxref{Environment})
-
-@item
-traps caught by the shell are reset to the values inherited from the
-shell's parent, and traps ignored by the shell are ignored
-
-@end itemize
-
-A command invoked in this separate environment cannot affect the
-shell's execution environment.
-
-Command substitution, commands grouped with parentheses,
-and asynchronous commands are invoked in a
-subshell environment that is a duplicate of the shell environment,
-except that traps caught by the shell are reset to the values
-that the shell inherited from its parent at invocation. Builtin
-commands that are invoked as part of a pipeline are also executed
-in a subshell environment. Changes made to the subshell environment
-cannot affect the shell's execution environment.
-
-Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the value of
-the @option{-e} option from the parent shell. When not in @sc{posix} mode,
-Bash clears the @option{-e} option in such subshells.
-
-If a command is followed by a @samp{&} and job control is not active, the
-default standard input for the command is the empty file @file{/dev/null}.
-Otherwise, the invoked command inherits the file descriptors of the calling
-shell as modified by redirections.
-
-@node Environment
-@subsection Environment
-@cindex environment
-
-When a program is invoked it is given an array of strings
-called the @var{environment}.
-This is a list of name-value pairs, of the form @code{name=value}.
-
-Bash provides several ways to manipulate the environment.
-On invocation, the shell scans its own environment and
-creates a parameter for each name found, automatically marking
-it for @var{export}
-to child processes. Executed commands inherit the environment.
-The @code{export} and @samp{declare -x}
-commands allow parameters and functions to be added to and
-deleted from the environment. If the value of a parameter
-in the environment is modified, the new value becomes part
-of the environment, replacing the old. The environment
-inherited by any executed command consists of the shell's
-initial environment, whose values may be modified in the shell,
-less any pairs removed by the @code{unset} and @samp{export -n}
-commands, plus any additions via the @code{export} and
-@samp{declare -x} commands.
-
-The environment for any simple command
-or function may be augmented temporarily by prefixing it with
-parameter assignments, as described in @ref{Shell Parameters}.
-These assignment statements affect only the environment seen
-by that command.
-
-If the @option{-k} option is set (@pxref{The Set Builtin}), then all
-parameter assignments are placed in the environment for a command,
-not just those that precede the command name.
-
-When Bash invokes an external command, the variable @samp{$_}
-is set to the full pathname of the command and passed to that
-command in its environment.
-
-@node Exit Status
-@subsection Exit Status
-@cindex exit status
-
-The exit status of an executed command is the value returned by the
-@var{waitpid} system call or equivalent function. Exit statuses
-fall between 0 and 255, though, as explained below, the shell may
-use values above 125 specially. Exit statuses from shell builtins and
-compound commands are also limited to this range. Under certain
-circumstances, the shell will use special values to indicate specific
-failure modes.
-
-For the shell's purposes, a command which exits with a
-zero exit status has succeeded.
-A non-zero exit status indicates failure.
-This seemingly counter-intuitive scheme is used so there
-is one well-defined way to indicate success and a variety of
-ways to indicate various failure modes.
-When a command terminates on a fatal signal whose number is @var{N},
-Bash uses the value 128+@var{N} as the exit status.
-
-If a command is not found, the child process created to
-execute it returns a status of 127. If a command is found
-but is not executable, the return status is 126.
-
-If a command fails because of an error during expansion or redirection,
-the exit status is greater than zero.
-
-The exit status is used by the Bash conditional commands
-(@pxref{Conditional Constructs}) and some of the list
-constructs (@pxref{Lists}).
-
-All of the Bash builtins return an exit status of zero if they succeed
-and a non-zero status on failure, so they may be used by the
-conditional and list constructs.
-All builtins return an exit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage.
-
-@node Signals
-@subsection Signals
-@cindex signal handling
-
-When Bash is interactive, in the absence of any traps, it ignores
-@code{SIGTERM} (so that @samp{kill 0} does not kill an interactive shell),
-and @code{SIGINT}
-is caught and handled (so that the @code{wait} builtin is interruptible).
-When Bash receives a @code{SIGINT}, it breaks out of any executing loops.
-In all cases, Bash ignores @code{SIGQUIT}.
-If job control is in effect (@pxref{Job Control}), Bash
-ignores @code{SIGTTIN}, @code{SIGTTOU}, and @code{SIGTSTP}.
-
-Non-builtin commands started by Bash have signal handlers set to the
-values inherited by the shell from its parent.
-When job control is not in effect, asynchronous commands
-ignore @code{SIGINT} and @code{SIGQUIT} in addition to these inherited
-handlers.
-Commands run as a result of
-command substitution ignore the keyboard-generated job control signals
-@code{SIGTTIN}, @code{SIGTTOU}, and @code{SIGTSTP}.
-
-The shell exits by default upon receipt of a @code{SIGHUP}.
-Before exiting, an interactive shell resends the @code{SIGHUP} to
-all jobs, running or stopped.
-Stopped jobs are sent @code{SIGCONT} to ensure that they receive
-the @code{SIGHUP}.
-To prevent the shell from sending the @code{SIGHUP} signal to a
-particular job, it should be removed
-from the jobs table with the @code{disown}
-builtin (@pxref{Job Control Builtins}) or marked
-to not receive @code{SIGHUP} using @code{disown -h}.
-
-If the @code{huponexit} shell option has been set with @code{shopt}
-(@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}), Bash sends a @code{SIGHUP} to all jobs when
-an interactive login shell exits.
-
-If Bash is waiting for a command to complete and receives a signal
-for which a trap has been set, the trap will not be executed until
-the command completes.
-When Bash is waiting for an asynchronous
-command via the @code{wait} builtin, the reception of a signal for
-which a trap has been set will cause the @code{wait} builtin to return
-immediately with an exit status greater than 128, immediately after
-which the trap is executed.
-
-@node Shell Scripts
-@section Shell Scripts
-@cindex shell script
-
-A shell script is a text file containing shell commands. When such
-a file is used as the first non-option argument when invoking Bash,
-and neither the @option{-c} nor @option{-s} option is supplied
-(@pxref{Invoking Bash}),
-Bash reads and executes commands from the file, then exits. This
-mode of operation creates a non-interactive shell. The shell first
-searches for the file in the current directory, and looks in the
-directories in @env{$PATH} if not found there.
-
-When Bash runs
-a shell script, it sets the special parameter @code{0} to the name
-of the file, rather than the name of the shell, and the positional
-parameters are set to the remaining arguments, if any are given.
-If no additional arguments are supplied, the positional parameters
-are unset.
-
-A shell script may be made executable by using the @code{chmod} command
-to turn on the execute bit. When Bash finds such a file while
-searching the @env{$PATH} for a command, it spawns a subshell to
-execute it. In other words, executing
-@example
-filename @var{arguments}
-@end example
-@noindent
-is equivalent to executing
-@example
-bash filename @var{arguments}
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-if @code{filename} is an executable shell script.
-This subshell reinitializes itself, so that the effect is as if a
-new shell had been invoked to interpret the script, with the
-exception that the locations of commands remembered by the parent
-(see the description of @code{hash} in @ref{Bourne Shell Builtins})
-are retained by the child.
-
-Most versions of Unix make this a part of the operating system's command
-execution mechanism. If the first line of a script begins with
-the two characters @samp{#!}, the remainder of the line specifies
-an interpreter for the program.
-Thus, you can specify Bash, @code{awk}, Perl, or some other
-interpreter and write the rest of the script file in that language.
-
-The arguments to the interpreter
-consist of a single optional argument following the interpreter
-name on the first line of the script file, followed by the name of
-the script file, followed by the rest of the arguments. Bash
-will perform this action on operating systems that do not handle it
-themselves. Note that some older versions of Unix limit the interpreter
-name and argument to a maximum of 32 characters.
-
-Bash scripts often begin with @code{#! /bin/bash} (assuming that
-Bash has been installed in @file{/bin}), since this ensures that
-Bash will be used to interpret the script, even if it is executed
-under another shell.
-
-@node Shell Builtin Commands
-@chapter Shell Builtin Commands
-
-@menu
-* Bourne Shell Builtins:: Builtin commands inherited from the Bourne
- Shell.
-* Bash Builtins:: Table of builtins specific to Bash.
-* Modifying Shell Behavior:: Builtins to modify shell attributes and
- optional behavior.
-* Special Builtins:: Builtin commands classified specially by
- POSIX.
-@end menu
-
-Builtin commands are contained within the shell itself.
-When the name of a builtin command is used as the first word of
-a simple command (@pxref{Simple Commands}), the shell executes
-the command directly, without invoking another program.
-Builtin commands are necessary to implement functionality impossible
-or inconvenient to obtain with separate utilities.
-
-This section briefly describes the builtins which Bash inherits from
-the Bourne Shell, as well as the builtin commands which are unique
-to or have been extended in Bash.
-
-Several builtin commands are described in other chapters: builtin
-commands which provide the Bash interface to the job control
-facilities (@pxref{Job Control Builtins}), the directory stack
-(@pxref{Directory Stack Builtins}), the command history
-(@pxref{Bash History Builtins}), and the programmable completion
-facilities (@pxref{Programmable Completion Builtins}).
-
-Many of the builtins have been extended by @sc{posix} or Bash.
-
-Unless otherwise noted, each builtin command documented as accepting
-options preceded by @samp{-} accepts @samp{--}
-to signify the end of the options.
-The @code{:}, @code{true}, @code{false}, and @code{test}
-builtins do not accept options and do not treat @samp{--} specially.
-The @code{exit}, @code{logout}, @code{break}, @code{continue}, @code{let},
-and @code{shift} builtins accept and process arguments beginning
-with @samp{-} without requiring @samp{--}.
-Other builtins that accept arguments but are not specified as accepting
-options interpret arguments beginning with @samp{-} as invalid options and
-require @samp{--} to prevent this interpretation.
-
-@node Bourne Shell Builtins
-@section Bourne Shell Builtins
-
-The following shell builtin commands are inherited from the Bourne Shell.
-These commands are implemented as specified by the @sc{posix} standard.
-
-@table @code
-@item : @r{(a colon)}
-@btindex :
-@example
-: [@var{arguments}]
-@end example
-
-Do nothing beyond expanding @var{arguments} and performing redirections.
-The return status is zero.
-
-@item . @r{(a period)}
-@btindex .
-@example
-. @var{filename} [@var{arguments}]
-@end example
-
-Read and execute commands from the @var{filename} argument in the
-current shell context. If @var{filename} does not contain a slash,
-the @env{PATH} variable is used to find @var{filename}.
-When Bash is not in @sc{posix} mode, the current directory is searched
-if @var{filename} is not found in @env{$PATH}.
-If any @var{arguments} are supplied, they become the positional
-parameters when @var{filename} is executed. Otherwise the positional
-parameters are unchanged.
-The return status is the exit status of the last command executed, or
-zero if no commands are executed. If @var{filename} is not found, or
-cannot be read, the return status is non-zero.
-This builtin is equivalent to @code{source}.
-
-@item break
-@btindex break
-@example
-break [@var{n}]
-@end example
-
-Exit from a @code{for}, @code{while}, @code{until}, or @code{select} loop.
-If @var{n} is supplied, the @var{n}th enclosing loop is exited.
-@var{n} must be greater than or equal to 1.
-The return status is zero unless @var{n} is not greater than or equal to 1.
-
-@item cd
-@btindex cd
-@example
-cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@@] [@var{directory}]
-@end example
-
-Change the current working directory to @var{directory}.
-If @var{directory} is not supplied, the value of the @env{HOME}
-shell variable is used.
-Any additional arguments following @var{directory} are ignored.
-If the shell variable
-@env{CDPATH} exists, it is used as a search path:
-each directory name in @env{CDPATH} is searched for
-@var{directory}, with alternative directory names in @env{CDPATH}
-separated by a colon (@samp{:}).
-If @var{directory} begins with a slash, @env{CDPATH} is not used.
-
-The @option{-P} option means to not follow symbolic links: symbolic links
-are resolved while @code{cd} is traversing @var{directory} and before
-processing an instance of @samp{..} in @var{directory}.
-
-By default, or when the @option{-L} option is supplied, symbolic links
-in @var{directory} are resolved after @code{cd} processes an instance
-of @samp{..} in @var{directory}.
-
-If @samp{..} appears in @var{directory}, it is processed by removing the
-immediately preceding pathname component, back to a slash or the beginning
-of @var{directory}.
-
-If the @option{-e} option is supplied with @option{-P}
-and the current working directory cannot be successfully determined
-after a successful directory change, @code{cd} will return an unsuccessful
-status.
-
-On systems that support it, the @option{-@@} option presents the extended
-attributes associated with a file as a directory.
-
-If @var{directory} is @samp{-}, it is converted to @env{$OLDPWD}
-before the directory change is attempted.
-
-If a non-empty directory name from @env{CDPATH} is used, or if
-@samp{-} is the first argument, and the directory change is
-successful, the absolute pathname of the new working directory is
-written to the standard output.
-
-The return status is zero if the directory is successfully changed,
-non-zero otherwise.
-
-@item continue
-@btindex continue
-@example
-continue [@var{n}]
-@end example
-
-Resume the next iteration of an enclosing @code{for}, @code{while},
-@code{until}, or @code{select} loop.
-If @var{n} is supplied, the execution of the @var{n}th enclosing loop
-is resumed.
-@var{n} must be greater than or equal to 1.
-The return status is zero unless @var{n} is not greater than or equal to 1.
-
-@item eval
-@btindex eval
-@example
-eval [@var{arguments}]
-@end example
-
-The arguments are concatenated together into a single command, which is
-then read and executed, and its exit status returned as the exit status
-of @code{eval}.
-If there are no arguments or only empty arguments, the return status is
-zero.
-
-@item exec
-@btindex exec
-@example
-exec [-cl] [-a @var{name}] [@var{command} [@var{arguments}]]
-@end example
-
-If @var{command}
-is supplied, it replaces the shell without creating a new process.
-If the @option{-l} option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the
-beginning of the zeroth argument passed to @var{command}.
-This is what the @code{login} program does.
-The @option{-c} option causes @var{command} to be executed with an empty
-environment.
-If @option{-a} is supplied, the shell passes @var{name} as the zeroth
-argument to @var{command}.
-If @var{command}
-cannot be executed for some reason, a non-interactive shell exits,
-unless the @code{execfail} shell option
-is enabled. In that case, it returns failure.
-An interactive shell returns failure if the file cannot be executed.
-If no @var{command} is specified, redirections may be used to affect
-the current shell environment. If there are no redirection errors, the
-return status is zero; otherwise the return status is non-zero.
-
-@item exit
-@btindex exit
-@example
-exit [@var{n}]
-@end example
-
-Exit the shell, returning a status of @var{n} to the shell's parent.
-If @var{n} is omitted, the exit status is that of the last command executed.
-Any trap on @code{EXIT} is executed before the shell terminates.
-
-@item export
-@btindex export
-@example
-export [-fn] [-p] [@var{name}[=@var{value}]]
-@end example
-
-Mark each @var{name} to be passed to child processes
-in the environment. If the @option{-f} option is supplied, the @var{name}s
-refer to shell functions; otherwise the names refer to shell variables.
-The @option{-n} option means to no longer mark each @var{name} for export.
-If no @var{names} are supplied, or if the @option{-p} option is given, a
-list of names of all exported variables is displayed.
-The @option{-p} option displays output in a form that may be reused as input.
-If a variable name is followed by =@var{value}, the value of
-the variable is set to @var{value}.
-
-The return status is zero unless an invalid option is supplied, one of
-the names is not a valid shell variable name, or @option{-f} is supplied
-with a name that is not a shell function.
-
-@item getopts
-@btindex getopts
-@example
-getopts @var{optstring} @var{name} [@var{args}]
-@end example
-
-@code{getopts} is used by shell scripts to parse positional parameters.
-@var{optstring} contains the option characters to be recognized; if a
-character is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an
-argument, which should be separated from it by whitespace.
-The colon (@samp{:}) and question mark (@samp{?}) may not be
-used as option characters.
-Each time it is invoked, @code{getopts}
-places the next option in the shell variable @var{name}, initializing
-@var{name} if it does not exist,
-and the index of the next argument to be processed into the
-variable @env{OPTIND}.
-@env{OPTIND} is initialized to 1 each time the shell or a shell script
-is invoked.
-When an option requires an argument,
-@code{getopts} places that argument into the variable @env{OPTARG}.
-The shell does not reset @env{OPTIND} automatically; it must be manually
-reset between multiple calls to @code{getopts} within the same shell
-invocation if a new set of parameters is to be used.
-
-When the end of options is encountered, @code{getopts} exits with a
-return value greater than zero.
-@env{OPTIND} is set to the index of the first non-option argument,
-and @var{name} is set to @samp{?}.
-
-@code{getopts}
-normally parses the positional parameters, but if more arguments are
-given in @var{args}, @code{getopts} parses those instead.
-
-@code{getopts} can report errors in two ways. If the first character of
-@var{optstring} is a colon, @var{silent}
-error reporting is used. In normal operation, diagnostic messages
-are printed when invalid options or missing option arguments are
-encountered.
-If the variable @env{OPTERR}
-is set to 0, no error messages will be displayed, even if the first
-character of @code{optstring} is not a colon.
-
-If an invalid option is seen,
-@code{getopts} places @samp{?} into @var{name} and, if not silent,
-prints an error message and unsets @env{OPTARG}.
-If @code{getopts} is silent, the option character found is placed in
-@env{OPTARG} and no diagnostic message is printed.
-
-If a required argument is not found, and @code{getopts}
-is not silent, a question mark (@samp{?}) is placed in @var{name},
-@code{OPTARG} is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.
-If @code{getopts} is silent, then a colon (@samp{:}) is placed in
-@var{name} and @env{OPTARG} is set to the option character found.
-
-@item hash
-@btindex hash
-@example
-hash [-r] [-p @var{filename}] [-dt] [@var{name}]
-@end example
-
-Each time @code{hash} is invoked, it remembers the full pathnames of the
-commands specified as @var{name} arguments,
-so they need not be searched for on subsequent invocations.
-The commands are found by searching through the directories listed in
-@env{$PATH}.
-Any previously-remembered pathname is discarded.
-The @option{-p} option inhibits the path search, and @var{filename} is
-used as the location of @var{name}.
-The @option{-r} option causes the shell to forget all remembered locations.
-The @option{-d} option causes the shell to forget the remembered location
-of each @var{name}.
-If the @option{-t} option is supplied, the full pathname to which each
-@var{name} corresponds is printed. If multiple @var{name} arguments are
-supplied with @option{-t} the @var{name} is printed before the hashed
-full pathname.
-The @option{-l} option causes output to be displayed in a format
-that may be reused as input.
-If no arguments are given, or if only @option{-l} is supplied,
-information about remembered commands is printed.
-The return status is zero unless a @var{name} is not found or an invalid
-option is supplied.
-
-@item pwd
-@btindex pwd
-@example
-pwd [-LP]
-@end example
-
-Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory.
-If the @option{-P} option is supplied, the pathname printed will not
-contain symbolic links.
-If the @option{-L} option is supplied, the pathname printed may contain
-symbolic links.
-The return status is zero unless an error is encountered while
-determining the name of the current directory or an invalid option
-is supplied.
-
-@item readonly
-@btindex readonly
-@example
-readonly [-aAf] [-p] [@var{name}[=@var{value}]] @dots{}
-@end example
-
-Mark each @var{name} as readonly.
-The values of these names may not be changed by subsequent assignment.
-If the @option{-f} option is supplied, each @var{name} refers to a shell
-function.
-The @option{-a} option means each @var{name} refers to an indexed
-array variable; the @option{-A} option means each @var{name} refers
-to an associative array variable.
-If both options are supplied, @option{-A} takes precedence.
-If no @var{name} arguments are given, or if the @option{-p}
-option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.
-The other options may be used to restrict the output to a subset of
-the set of readonly names.
-The @option{-p} option causes output to be displayed in a format that
-may be reused as input.
-If a variable name is followed by =@var{value}, the value of
-the variable is set to @var{value}.
-The return status is zero unless an invalid option is supplied, one of
-the @var{name} arguments is not a valid shell variable or function name,
-or the @option{-f} option is supplied with a name that is not a shell function.
-
-@item return
-@btindex return
-@example
-return [@var{n}]
-@end example
-
-Cause a shell function to stop executing and return the value @var{n}
-to its caller.
-If @var{n} is not supplied, the return value is the exit status of the
-last command executed in the function.
-@code{return} may also be used to terminate execution of a script
-being executed with the @code{.} (@code{source}) builtin,
-returning either @var{n} or
-the exit status of the last command executed within the script as the exit
-status of the script.
-If @var{n} is supplied, the return value is its least significant
-8 bits.
-Any command associated with the @code{RETURN} trap is executed
-before execution resumes after the function or script.
-The return status is non-zero if @code{return} is supplied a non-numeric
-argument or is used outside a function
-and not during the execution of a script by @code{.} or @code{source}.
-
-@item shift
-@btindex shift
-@example
-shift [@var{n}]
-@end example
-
-Shift the positional parameters to the left by @var{n}.
-The positional parameters from @var{n}+1 @dots{} @code{$#} are
-renamed to @code{$1} @dots{} @code{$#}-@var{n}.
-Parameters represented by the numbers @code{$#} to @code{$#}-@var{n}+1
-are unset.
-@var{n} must be a non-negative number less than or equal to @code{$#}.
-If @var{n} is zero or greater than @code{$#}, the positional parameters
-are not changed.
-If @var{n} is not supplied, it is assumed to be 1.
-The return status is zero unless @var{n} is greater than @code{$#} or
-less than zero, non-zero otherwise.
-
-@item test
-@itemx [
-@btindex test
-@btindex [
-@example
-test @var{expr}
-@end example
-
-Evaluate a conditional express
-ion @var{expr} and return a status of 0
-(true) or 1 (false).
-Each operator and operand must be a separate argument.
-Expressions are composed of the primaries described below in
-@ref{Bash Conditional Expressions}.
-@code{test} does not accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore
-an argument of @option{--} as signifying the end of options.
-
-When the @code{[} form is used, the last argument to the command must
-be a @code{]}.
-
-Expressions may be combined using the following operators, listed in
-decreasing order of precedence.
-The evaluation depends on the number of arguments; see below.
-Operator precedence is used when there are five or more arguments.
-
-@table @code
-@item ! @var{expr}
-True if @var{expr} is false.
-
-@item ( @var{expr} )
-Returns the value of @var{expr}.
-This may be used to override the normal precedence of operators.
-
-@item @var{expr1} -a @var{expr2}
-True if both @var{expr1} and @var{expr2} are true.
-
-@item @var{expr1} -o @var{expr2}
-True if either @var{expr1} or @var{expr2} is true.
-@end table
-
-The @code{test} and @code{[} builtins evaluate conditional
-expressions using a set of rules based on the number of arguments.
-
-@table @asis
-@item 0 arguments
-The expression is false.
-
-@item 1 argument
-The expression is true if and only if the argument is not null.
-
-@item 2 arguments
-If the first argument is @samp{!}, the expression is true if and
-only if the second argument is null.
-If the first argument is one of the unary conditional operators
-(@pxref{Bash Conditional Expressions}), the expression
-is true if the unary test is true.
-If the first argument is not a valid unary operator, the expression is
-false.
-
-@item 3 arguments
-The following conditions are applied in the order listed.
-If the second argument is one of the binary conditional
-operators (@pxref{Bash Conditional Expressions}), the
-result of the expression is the result of the binary test using the
-first and third arguments as operands.
-The @samp{-a} and @samp{-o} operators are considered binary operators
-when there are three arguments.
-If the first argument is @samp{!}, the value is the negation of
-the two-argument test using the second and third arguments.
-If the first argument is exactly @samp{(} and the third argument is
-exactly @samp{)}, the result is the one-argument test of the second
-argument.
-Otherwise, the expression is false.
-
-@item 4 arguments
-If the first argument is @samp{!}, the result is the negation of
-the three-argument expression composed of the remaining arguments.
-Otherwise, the expression is parsed and evaluated according to
-precedence using the rules listed above.
-
-@item 5 or more arguments
-The expression is parsed and evaluated according to precedence
-using the rules listed above.
-@end table
-
-When used with @code{test} or @samp{[}, the @samp{<} and @samp{>}
-operators sort lexicographically using ASCII ordering.
-
-@item times
-@btindex times
-@example
-times
-@end example
-
-Print out the user and system times used by the shell and its children.
-The return status is zero.
-
-@item trap
-@btindex trap
-@example
-trap [-lp] [@var{arg}] [@var{sigspec} @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-The commands in @var{arg} are to be read and executed when the
-shell receives signal @var{sigspec}. If @var{arg} is absent (and
-there is a single @var{sigspec}) or
-equal to @samp{-}, each specified signal's disposition is reset
-to the value it had when the shell was started.
-If @var{arg} is the null string, then the signal specified by
-each @var{sigspec} is ignored by the shell and commands it invokes.
-If @var{arg} is not present and @option{-p} has been supplied,
-the shell displays the trap commands associated with each @var{sigspec}.
-If no arguments are supplied, or
-only @option{-p} is given, @code{trap} prints the list of commands
-associated with each signal number in a form that may be reused as
-shell input.
-The @option{-l} option causes the shell to print a list of signal names
-and their corresponding numbers.
-Each @var{sigspec} is either a signal name or a signal number.
-Signal names are case insensitive and the @code{SIG} prefix is optional.
-
-If a @var{sigspec}
-is @code{0} or @code{EXIT}, @var{arg} is executed when the shell exits.
-If a @var{sigspec} is @code{DEBUG}, the command @var{arg} is executed
-before every simple command, @code{for} command, @code{case} command,
-@code{select} command, every arithmetic @code{for} command, and before
-the first command executes in a shell function.
-Refer to the description of the @code{extdebug} option to the
-@code{shopt} builtin (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}) for details of its
-effect on the @code{DEBUG} trap.
-If a @var{sigspec} is @code{RETURN}, the command @var{arg} is executed
-each time a shell function or a script executed with the @code{.} or
-@code{source} builtins finishes executing.
-
-If a @var{sigspec} is @code{ERR}, the command @var{arg}
-is executed whenever
-a pipeline (which may consist of a single simple
-command), a list, or a compound command returns a
-non-zero exit status,
-subject to the following conditions.
-The @code{ERR} trap is not executed if the failed command is part of the
-command list immediately following an @code{until} or @code{while} keyword,
-part of the test following the @code{if} or @code{elif} reserved words,
-part of a command executed in a @code{&&} or @code{||} list
-except the command following the final @code{&&} or @code{||},
-any command in a pipeline but the last,
-or if the command's return
-status is being inverted using @code{!}.
-These are the same conditions obeyed by the @code{errexit} (@option{-e})
-option.
-
-Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.
-Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their original
-values in a subshell or subshell environment when one is created.
-
-The return status is zero unless a @var{sigspec} does not specify a
-valid signal.
-
-@item umask
-@btindex umask
-@example
-umask [-p] [-S] [@var{mode}]
-@end example
-
-Set the shell process's file creation mask to @var{mode}. If
-@var{mode} begins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number;
-if not, it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar
-to that accepted by the @code{chmod} command. If @var{mode} is
-omitted, the current value of the mask is printed. If the @option{-S}
-option is supplied without a @var{mode} argument, the mask is printed
-in a symbolic format.
-If the @option{-p} option is supplied, and @var{mode}
-is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.
-The return status is zero if the mode is successfully changed or if
-no @var{mode} argument is supplied, and non-zero otherwise.
-
-Note that when the mode is interpreted as an octal number, each number
-of the umask is subtracted from @code{7}. Thus, a umask of @code{022}
-results in permissions of @code{755}.
-
-@item unset
-@btindex unset
-@example
-unset [-fnv] [@var{name}]
-@end example
-
-Remove each variable or function @var{name}.
-If the @option{-v} option is given, each
-@var{name} refers to a shell variable and that variable is remvoved.
-If the @option{-f} option is given, the @var{name}s refer to shell
-functions, and the function definition is removed.
-If the @option{-n} option is supplied, and @var{name} is a variable with
-the @var{nameref} attribute, @var{name} will be unset rather than the
-variable it references.
-@option{-n} has no effect if the @option{-f} option is supplied.
-If no options are supplied, each @var{name} refers to a variable; if
-there is no variable by that name, any function with that name is
-unset.
-Readonly variables and functions may not be unset.
-The return status is zero unless a @var{name} is readonly.
-@end table
-
-@node Bash Builtins
-@section Bash Builtin Commands
-
-This section describes builtin commands which are unique to
-or have been extended in Bash.
-Some of these commands are specified in the @sc{posix} standard.
-
-@table @code
-
-@item alias
-@btindex alias
-@example
-alias [-p] [@var{name}[=@var{value}] @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-Without arguments or with the @option{-p} option, @code{alias} prints
-the list of aliases on the standard output in a form that allows
-them to be reused as input.
-If arguments are supplied, an alias is defined for each @var{name}
-whose @var{value} is given. If no @var{value} is given, the name
-and value of the alias is printed.
-Aliases are described in @ref{Aliases}.
-
-@item bind
-@btindex bind
-@example
-bind [-m @var{keymap}] [-lpsvPSVX]
-bind [-m @var{keymap}] [-q @var{function}] [-u @var{function}] [-r @var{keyseq}]
-bind [-m @var{keymap}] -f @var{filename}
-bind [-m @var{keymap}] -x @var{keyseq:shell-command}
-bind [-m @var{keymap}] @var{keyseq:function-name}
-bind @var{readline-command}
-@end example
-
-Display current Readline (@pxref{Command Line Editing})
-key and function bindings,
-bind a key sequence to a Readline function or macro,
-or set a Readline variable.
-Each non-option argument is a command as it would appear in a
-Readline initialization file (@pxref{Readline Init File}),
-but each binding or command must be passed as a separate argument; e.g.,
-@samp{"\C-x\C-r":re-read-init-file}.
-
-Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
-
-@table @code
-@item -m @var{keymap}
-Use @var{keymap} as the keymap to be affected by
-the subsequent bindings. Acceptable @var{keymap}
-names are
-@code{emacs},
-@code{emacs-standard},
-@code{emacs-meta},
-@code{emacs-ctlx},
-@code{vi},
-@code{vi-move},
-@code{vi-command}, and
-@code{vi-insert}.
-@code{vi} is equivalent to @code{vi-command};
-@code{emacs} is equivalent to @code{emacs-standard}.
-
-@item -l
-List the names of all Readline functions.
-
-@item -p
-Display Readline function names and bindings in such a way that they
-can be used as input or in a Readline initialization file.
-
-@item -P
-List current Readline function names and bindings.
-
-@item -v
-Display Readline variable names and values in such a way that they
-can be used as input or in a Readline initialization file.
-
-@item -V
-List current Readline variable names and values.
-
-@item -s
-Display Readline key sequences bound to macros and the strings they output
-in such a way that they can be used as input or in a Readline
-initialization file.
-
-@item -S
-Display Readline key sequences bound to macros and the strings they output.
-
-@item -f @var{filename}
-Read key bindings from @var{filename}.
-
-@item -q @var{function}
-Query about which keys invoke the named @var{function}.
-
-@item -u @var{function}
-Unbind all keys bound to the named @var{function}.
-
-@item -r @var{keyseq}
-Remove any current binding for @var{keyseq}.
-
-@item -x @var{keyseq:shell-command}
-Cause @var{shell-command} to be executed whenever @var{keyseq} is
-entered.
-When @var{shell-command} is executed, the shell sets the
-@code{READLINE_LINE} variable to the contents of the Readline line
-buffer and the @code{READLINE_POINT} variable to the current location
-of the insertion point.
-If the executed command changes the value of @code{READLINE_LINE} or
-@code{READLINE_POINT}, those new values will be reflected in the
-editing state.
-
-@item -X
-List all key sequences bound to shell commands and the associated commands
-in a format that can be reused as input.
-@end table
-
-@noindent
-The return status is zero unless an invalid option is supplied or an
-error occurs.
-
-@item builtin
-@btindex builtin
-@example
-builtin [@var{shell-builtin} [@var{args}]]
-@end example
-
-Run a shell builtin, passing it @var{args}, and return its exit status.
-This is useful when defining a shell function with the same
-name as a shell builtin, retaining the functionality of the builtin within
-the function.
-The return status is non-zero if @var{shell-builtin} is not a shell
-builtin command.
-
-@item caller
-@btindex caller
-@example
-caller [@var{expr}]
-@end example
-
-Returns the context of any active subroutine call (a shell function or
-a script executed with the @code{.} or @code{source} builtins).
-
-Without @var{expr}, @code{caller} displays the line number and source
-filename of the current subroutine call.
-If a non-negative integer is supplied as @var{expr}, @code{caller}
-displays the line number, subroutine name, and source file corresponding
-to that position in the current execution call stack. This extra
-information may be used, for example, to print a stack trace. The
-current frame is frame 0.
-
-The return value is 0 unless the shell is not executing a subroutine
-call or @var{expr} does not correspond to a valid position in the
-call stack.
-
-@item command
-@btindex command
-@example
-command [-pVv] @var{command} [@var{arguments} @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-Runs @var{command} with @var{arguments} ignoring any shell function
-named @var{command}.
-Only shell builtin commands or commands found by searching the
-@env{PATH} are executed.
-If there is a shell function named @code{ls}, running @samp{command ls}
-within the function will execute the external command @code{ls}
-instead of calling the function recursively.
-The @option{-p} option means to use a default value for @env{PATH}
-that is guaranteed to find all of the standard utilities.
-The return status in this case is 127 if @var{command} cannot be
-found or an error occurred, and the exit status of @var{command}
-otherwise.
-
-If either the @option{-V} or @option{-v} option is supplied, a
-description of @var{command} is printed. The @option{-v} option
-causes a single word indicating the command or file name used to
-invoke @var{command} to be displayed; the @option{-V} option produces
-a more verbose description. In this case, the return status is
-zero if @var{command} is found, and non-zero if not.
-
-@item declare
-@btindex declare
-@example
-declare [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] [@var{name}[=@var{value}] @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-Declare variables and give them attributes. If no @var{name}s
-are given, then display the values of variables instead.
-
-The @option{-p} option will display the attributes and values of each
-@var{name}.
-When @option{-p} is used with @var{name} arguments, additional options,
-other than @option{-f} and @option{-F}, are ignored.
-
-When @option{-p} is supplied without @var{name} arguments, @code{declare}
-will display the attributes and values of all variables having the
-attributes specified by the additional options.
-If no other options are supplied with @option{-p}, @code{declare} will
-display the attributes and values of all shell variables. The @option{-f}
-option will restrict the display to shell functions.
-
-The @option{-F} option inhibits the display of function definitions;
-only the function name and attributes are printed.
-If the @code{extdebug} shell option is enabled using @code{shopt}
-(@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}), the source file name and line number where
-the function is defined are displayed as well.
-@option{-F} implies @option{-f}.
-
-The @option{-g} option forces variables to be created or modified at
-the global scope, even when @code{declare} is executed in a shell function.
-It is ignored in all other cases.
-
-The following options can be used to restrict output to variables with
-the specified attributes or to give variables attributes:
-
-@table @code
-@item -a
-Each @var{name} is an indexed array variable (@pxref{Arrays}).
-
-@item -A
-Each @var{name} is an associative array variable (@pxref{Arrays}).
-
-@item -f
-Use function names only.
-
-@item -i
-The variable is to be treated as
-an integer; arithmetic evaluation (@pxref{Shell Arithmetic}) is
-performed when the variable is assigned a value.
-
-@item -l
-When the variable is assigned a value, all upper-case characters are
-converted to lower-case.
-The upper-case attribute is disabled.
-
-@item -n
-Give each @var{name} the @var{nameref} attribute, making
-it a name reference to another variable.
-That other variable is defined by the value of @var{name}.
-All references and assignments to @var{name}, except for changing the
-@option{-n} attribute itself, are performed on the variable referenced by
-@var{name}'s value.
-The @option{-n} attribute cannot be applied to array variables.
-
-@item -r
-Make @var{name}s readonly. These names cannot then be assigned values
-by subsequent assignment statements or unset.
-
-@item -t
-Give each @var{name} the @code{trace} attribute.
-Traced functions inherit the @code{DEBUG} and @code{RETURN} traps from
-the calling shell.
-The trace attribute has no special meaning for variables.
-
-@item -u
-When the variable is assigned a value, all lower-case characters are
-converted to upper-case.
-The lower-case attribute is disabled.
-
-@item -x
-Mark each @var{name} for export to subsequent commands via
-the environment.
-@end table
-
-Using @samp{+} instead of @samp{-} turns off the attribute instead,
-with the exceptions that @samp{+a}
-may not be used to destroy an array variable and @samp{+r} will not
-remove the readonly attribute.
-When used in a function, @code{declare} makes each @var{name} local,
-as with the @code{local} command, unless the @option{-g} option is used.
-If a variable name is followed by =@var{value}, the value of the variable
-is set to @var{value}.
-
-When using @option{-a} or @option{-A} and the compound assignment syntax to
-create array variables, additional attributes do not take effect until
-subsequent assignments.
-
-The return status is zero unless an invalid option is encountered,
-an attempt is made to define a function using @samp{-f foo=bar},
-an attempt is made to assign a value to a readonly variable,
-an attempt is made to assign a value to an array variable without
-using the compound assignment syntax (@pxref{Arrays}),
-one of the @var{names} is not a valid shell variable name,
-an attempt is made to turn off readonly status for a readonly variable,
-an attempt is made to turn off array status for an array variable,
-or an attempt is made to display a non-existent function with @option{-f}.
-
-@item echo
-@btindex echo
-@example
-echo [-neE] [@var{arg} @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-Output the @var{arg}s, separated by spaces, terminated with a
-newline.
-The return status is 0 unless a write error occurs.
-If @option{-n} is specified, the trailing newline is suppressed.
-If the @option{-e} option is given, interpretation of the following
-backslash-escaped characters is enabled.
-The @option{-E} option disables the interpretation of these escape characters,
-even on systems where they are interpreted by default.
-The @code{xpg_echo} shell option may be used to
-dynamically determine whether or not @code{echo} expands these
-escape characters by default.
-@code{echo} does not interpret @option{--} to mean the end of options.
-
-@code{echo} interprets the following escape sequences:
-@table @code
-@item \a
-alert (bell)
-@item \b
-backspace
-@item \c
-suppress further output
-@item \e
-@itemx \E
-escape
-@item \f
-form feed
-@item \n
-new line
-@item \r
-carriage return
-@item \t
-horizontal tab
-@item \v
-vertical tab
-@item \\
-backslash
-@item \0@var{nnn}
-the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value @var{nnn}
-(zero to three octal digits)
-@item \x@var{HH}
-the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value @var{HH}
-(one or two hex digits)
-@item \u@var{HHHH}
-the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the hexadecimal value
-@var{HHHH} (one to four hex digits)
-@item \U@var{HHHHHHHH}
-the Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character whose value is the hexadecimal value
-@var{HHHHHHHH} (one to eight hex digits)
-@end table
-
-@item enable
-@btindex enable
-@example
-enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f @var{filename}] [@var{name} @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-Enable and disable builtin shell commands.
-Disabling a builtin allows a disk command which has the same name
-as a shell builtin to be executed without specifying a full pathname,
-even though the shell normally searches for builtins before disk commands.
-If @option{-n} is used, the @var{name}s become disabled. Otherwise
-@var{name}s are enabled. For example, to use the @code{test} binary
-found via @env{$PATH} instead of the shell builtin version, type
-@samp{enable -n test}.
-
-If the @option{-p} option is supplied, or no @var{name} arguments appear,
-a list of shell builtins is printed. With no other arguments, the list
-consists of all enabled shell builtins.
-The @option{-a} option means to list
-each builtin with an indication of whether or not it is enabled.
-
-The @option{-f} option means to load the new builtin command @var{name}
-from shared object @var{filename}, on systems that support dynamic loading.
-The @option{-d} option will delete a builtin loaded with @option{-f}.
-
-If there are no options, a list of the shell builtins is displayed.
-The @option{-s} option restricts @code{enable} to the @sc{posix} special
-builtins. If @option{-s} is used with @option{-f}, the new builtin becomes
-a special builtin (@pxref{Special Builtins}).
-
-The return status is zero unless a @var{name} is not a shell builtin
-or there is an error loading a new builtin from a shared object.
-
-@item help
-@btindex help
-@example
-help [-dms] [@var{pattern}]
-@end example
-
-Display helpful information about builtin commands.
-If @var{pattern} is specified, @code{help} gives detailed help
-on all commands matching @var{pattern}, otherwise a list of
-the builtins is printed.
-
-Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
-
-@table @code
-@item -d
-Display a short description of each @var{pattern}
-@item -m
-Display the description of each @var{pattern} in a manpage-like format
-@item -s
-Display only a short usage synopsis for each @var{pattern}
-@end table
-
-The return status is zero unless no command matches @var{pattern}.
-
-@item let
-@btindex let
-@example
-let @var{expression} [@var{expression} @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-The @code{let} builtin allows arithmetic to be performed on shell
-variables. Each @var{expression} is evaluated according to the
-rules given below in @ref{Shell Arithmetic}. If the
-last @var{expression} evaluates to 0, @code{let} returns 1;
-otherwise 0 is returned.
-
-@item local
-@btindex local
-@example
-local [@var{option}] @var{name}[=@var{value}] @dots{}
-@end example
-
-For each argument, a local variable named @var{name} is created,
-and assigned @var{value}.
-The @var{option} can be any of the options accepted by @code{declare}.
-@code{local} can only be used within a function; it makes the variable
-@var{name} have a visible scope restricted to that function and its
-children. The return status is zero unless @code{local} is used outside
-a function, an invalid @var{name} is supplied, or @var{name} is a
-readonly variable.
-
-@item logout
-@btindex logout
-@example
-logout [@var{n}]
-@end example
-
-Exit a login shell, returning a status of @var{n} to the shell's
-parent.
-
-@item mapfile
-@btindex mapfile
-@example
-mapfile [-n @var{count}] [-O @var{origin}] [-s @var{count}] [-t] [-u @var{fd}]
- [-C @var{callback}] [-c @var{quantum}] [@var{array}]
-@end example
-
-Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable @var{array},
-or from file descriptor @var{fd}
-if the @option{-u} option is supplied.
-The variable @code{MAPFILE} is the default @var{array}.
-Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
-
-@table @code
-
-@item -n
-Copy at most @var{count} lines. If @var{count} is 0, all lines are copied.
-@item -O
-Begin assigning to @var{array} at index @var{origin}.
-The default index is 0.
-@item -s
-Discard the first @var{count} lines read.
-@item -t
-Remove a trailing newline from each line read.
-@item -u
-Read lines from file descriptor @var{fd} instead of the standard input.
-@item -C
-Evaluate @var{callback} each time @var{quantum}P lines are read.
-The @option{-c} option specifies @var{quantum}.
-@item -c
-Specify the number of lines read between each call to @var{callback}.
-@end table
-
-If @option{-C} is specified without @option{-c},
-the default quantum is 5000.
-When @var{callback} is evaluated, it is supplied the index of the next
-array element to be assigned and the line to be assigned to that element
-as additional arguments.
-@var{callback} is evaluated after the line is read but before the
-array element is assigned.
-
-If not supplied with an explicit origin, @code{mapfile} will clear @var{array}
-before assigning to it.
-
-@code{mapfile} returns successfully unless an invalid option or option
-argument is supplied, @var{array} is invalid or unassignable, or @var{array}
-is not an indexed array.
-
-@item printf
-@btindex printf
-@example
-printf [-v @var{var}] @var{format} [@var{arguments}]
-@end example
-
-Write the formatted @var{arguments} to the standard output under the
-control of the @var{format}.
-The @option{-v} option causes the output to be assigned to the variable
-@var{var} rather than being printed to the standard output.
-
-The @var{format} is a character string which contains three types of objects:
-plain characters, which are simply copied to standard output, character
-escape sequences, which are converted and copied to the standard output, and
-format specifications, each of which causes printing of the next successive
-@var{argument}.
-In addition to the standard @code{printf(1)} formats, @code{printf}
-interprets the following extensions:
-
-@table @code
-@item %b
-Causes @code{printf} to expand backslash escape sequences in the
-corresponding @var{argument},
-except that @samp{\c} terminates output, backslashes in
-@samp{\'}, @samp{\"}, and @samp{\?} are not removed, and octal escapes
-beginning with @samp{\0} may contain up to four digits.
-@item %q
-Causes @code{printf} to output the
-corresponding @var{argument} in a format that can be reused as shell input.
-@item %(@var{datefmt})T
-Causes @code{printf} to output the date-time string resulting from using
-@var{datefmt} as a format string for @code{strftime}(3).
-The corresponding @var{argument} is an integer representing the number of
-seconds since the epoch.
-Two special argument values may be used: -1 represents the current
-time, and -2 represents the time the shell was invoked.
-If no argument is specified, conversion behaves as if -1 had been given.
-This is an exception to the usual @code{printf} behavior.
-@end table
-
-@noindent
-Arguments to non-string format specifiers are treated as C language constants,
-except that a leading plus or minus sign is allowed, and if the leading
-character is a single or double quote, the value is the ASCII value of
-the following character.
-
-The @var{format} is reused as necessary to consume all of the @var{arguments}.
-If the @var{format} requires more @var{arguments} than are supplied, the
-extra format specifications behave as if a zero value or null string, as
-appropriate, had been supplied. The return value is zero on success,
-non-zero on failure.
-
-@item read
-@btindex read
-@example
-read [-ers] [-a @var{aname}] [-d @var{delim}] [-i @var{text}] [-n @var{nchars}]
- [-N @var{nchars}] [-p @var{prompt}] [-t @var{timeout}] [-u @var{fd}] [@var{name} @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor
-@var{fd} supplied as an argument to the @option{-u} option, and the first word
-is assigned to the first @var{name}, the second word to the second @var{name},
-and so on, with leftover words and their intervening separators assigned
-to the last @var{name}.
-If there are fewer words read from the input stream than names,
-the remaining names are assigned empty values.
-The characters in the value of the @env{IFS} variable
-are used to split the line into words using the same rules the shell
-uses for expansion (described above in @ref{Word Splitting}).
-The backslash character @samp{\} may be used to remove any special
-meaning for the next character read and for line continuation.
-If no names are supplied, the line read is assigned to the
-variable @env{REPLY}.
-The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, @code{read}
-times out (in which case the return code is greater than 128),
-a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a readonly variable) occurs,
-or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to @option{-u}.
-
-Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
-
-@table @code
-@item -a @var{aname}
-The words are assigned to sequential indices of the array variable
-@var{aname}, starting at 0.
-All elements are removed from @var{aname} before the assignment.
-Other @var{name} arguments are ignored.
-
-@item -d @var{delim}
-The first character of @var{delim} is used to terminate the input line,
-rather than newline.
-
-@item -e
-Readline (@pxref{Command Line Editing}) is used to obtain the line.
-Readline uses the current (or default, if line editing was not previously
-active) editing settings.
-
-@item -i @var{text}
-If Readline is being used to read the line, @var{text} is placed into
-the editing buffer before editing begins.
-
-@item -n @var{nchars}
-@code{read} returns after reading @var{nchars} characters rather than
-waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delimiter if fewer
-than @var{nchars} characters are read before the delimiter.
-
-@item -N @var{nchars}
-@code{read} returns after reading exactly @var{nchars} characters rather
-than waiting for a complete line of input, unless EOF is encountered or
-@code{read} times out.
-Delimiter characters encountered in the input are
-not treated specially and do not cause @code{read} to return until
-@var{nchars} characters are read.
-
-@item -p @var{prompt}
-Display @var{prompt}, without a trailing newline, before attempting
-to read any input.
-The prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.
-
-@item -r
-If this option is given, backslash does not act as an escape character.
-The backslash is considered to be part of the line.
-In particular, a backslash-newline pair may not be used as a line
-continuation.
-
-@item -s
-Silent mode. If input is coming from a terminal, characters are
-not echoed.
-
-@item -t @var{timeout}
-Cause @code{read} to time out and return failure if a complete line of
-input (or a specified number of characters)
-is not read within @var{timeout} seconds.
-@var{timeout} may be a decimal number with a fractional portion following
-the decimal point.
-This option is only effective if @code{read} is reading input from a
-terminal, pipe, or other special file; it has no effect when reading
-from regular files.
-If @code{read} times out, @code{read} saves any partial input read into
-the specified variable @var{name}.
-If @var{timeout} is 0, @code{read} returns immediately, without trying to
-read and data. The exit status is 0 if input is available on
-the specified file descriptor, non-zero otherwise.
-The exit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded.
-
-@item -u @var{fd}
-Read input from file descriptor @var{fd}.
-@end table
-
-@item readarray
-@btindex readarray
-@example
-readarray [-n @var{count}] [-O @var{origin}] [-s @var{count}] [-t] [-u @var{fd}]
- [-C @var{callback}] [-c @var{quantum}] [@var{array}]
-@end example
-
-Read lines from the standard input into the indexed array variable @var{array},
-or from file descriptor @var{fd}
-if the @option{-u} option is supplied.
-
-A synonym for @code{mapfile}.
-
-@item source
-@btindex source
-@example
-source @var{filename}
-@end example
-
-A synonym for @code{.} (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
-
-@item type
-@btindex type
-@example
-type [-afptP] [@var{name} @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-For each @var{name}, indicate how it would be interpreted if used as a
-command name.
-
-If the @option{-t} option is used, @code{type} prints a single word
-which is one of @samp{alias}, @samp{function}, @samp{builtin},
-@samp{file} or @samp{keyword},
-if @var{name} is an alias, shell function, shell builtin,
-disk file, or shell reserved word, respectively.
-If the @var{name} is not found, then nothing is printed, and
-@code{type} returns a failure status.
-
-If the @option{-p} option is used, @code{type} either returns the name
-of the disk file that would be executed, or nothing if @option{-t}
-would not return @samp{file}.
-
-The @option{-P} option forces a path search for each @var{name}, even if
-@option{-t} would not return @samp{file}.
-
-If a command is hashed, @option{-p} and @option{-P} print the hashed value,
-which is not necessarily the file that appears first in @code{$PATH}.
-
-If the @option{-a} option is used, @code{type} returns all of the places
-that contain an executable named @var{file}.
-This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the @option{-p} option
-is not also used.
-
-If the @option{-f} option is used, @code{type} does not attempt to find
-shell functions, as with the @code{command} builtin.
-
-The return status is zero if all of the @var{names} are found, non-zero
-if any are not found.
-
-@item typeset
-@btindex typeset
-@example
-typeset [-afFgrxilnrtux] [-p] [@var{name}[=@var{value}] @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-The @code{typeset} command is supplied for compatibility with the Korn
-shell.
-It is a synonym for the @code{declare} builtin command.
-
-@item ulimit
-@btindex ulimit
-@example
-ulimit [-abcdefilmnpqrstuvxHST] [@var{limit}]
-@end example
-
-@code{ulimit} provides control over the resources available to processes
-started by the shell, on systems that allow such control. If an
-option is given, it is interpreted as follows:
-
-@table @code
-@item -S
-Change and report the soft limit associated with a resource.
-
-@item -H
-Change and report the hard limit associated with a resource.
-
-@item -a
-All current limits are reported.
-
-@item -b
-The maximum socket buffer size.
-
-@item -c
-The maximum size of core files created.
-
-@item -d
-The maximum size of a process's data segment.
-
-@item -e
-The maximum scheduling priority ("nice").
-
-@item -f
-The maximum size of files written by the shell and its children.
-
-@item -i
-The maximum number of pending signals.
-
-@item -l
-The maximum size that may be locked into memory.
-
-@item -m
-The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor this limit).
-
-@item -n
-The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems do not
-allow this value to be set).
-
-@item -p
-The pipe buffer size.
-
-@item -q
-The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues.
-
-@item -r
-The maximum real-time scheduling priority.
-
-@item -s
-The maximum stack size.
-
-@item -t
-The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds.
-
-@item -u
-The maximum number of processes available to a single user.
-
-@item -v
-The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the shell, and, on
-some systems, to its children.
-
-@item -x
-The maximum number of file locks.
-
-@item -T
-The maximum number of threads.
-@end table
-
-If @var{limit} is given, and the @option{-a} option is not used,
-@var{limit} is the new value of the specified resource.
-The special @var{limit} values @code{hard}, @code{soft}, and
-@code{unlimited} stand for the current hard limit, the current soft limit,
-and no limit, respectively.
-A hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set;
-a soft limit may be increased up to the value of the hard limit.
-Otherwise, the current value of the soft limit for the specified resource
-is printed, unless the @option{-H} option is supplied.
-When setting new limits, if neither @option{-H} nor @option{-S} is supplied,
-both the hard and soft limits are set.
-If no option is given, then @option{-f} is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte
-increments, except for @option{-t}, which is in seconds; @option{-p},
-which is in units of 512-byte blocks; and @option{-T}, @option{-b},
-@option{-n} and @option{-u}, which are unscaled values.
-
-The return status is zero unless an invalid option or argument is supplied,
-or an error occurs while setting a new limit.
-
-@item unalias
-@btindex unalias
-@example
-unalias [-a] [@var{name} @dots{} ]
-@end example
-
-Remove each @var{name} from the list of aliases. If @option{-a} is
-supplied, all aliases are removed.
-Aliases are described in @ref{Aliases}.
-@end table
-
-@node Modifying Shell Behavior
-@section Modifying Shell Behavior
-
-@menu
-* The Set Builtin:: Change the values of shell attributes and
- positional parameters.
-* The Shopt Builtin:: Modify shell optional behavior.
-@end menu
-
-@node The Set Builtin
-@subsection The Set Builtin
-
-This builtin is so complicated that it deserves its own section. @code{set}
-allows you to change the values of shell options and set the positional
-parameters, or to display the names and values of shell variables.
-
-@table @code
-@item set
-@btindex set
-@example
-set [--abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT] [-o @var{option-name}] [@var{argument} @dots{}]
-set [+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT] [+o @var{option-name}] [@var{argument} @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-If no options or arguments are supplied, @code{set} displays the names
-and values of all shell variables and functions, sorted according to the
-current locale, in a format that may be reused as input
-for setting or resetting the currently-set variables.
-Read-only variables cannot be reset.
-In @sc{posix} mode, only shell variables are listed.
-
-When options are supplied, they set or unset shell attributes.
-Options, if specified, have the following meanings:
-
-@table @code
-@item -a
-Mark variables and function which are modified or created for export
-to the environment of subsequent commands.
-
-@item -b
-Cause the status of terminated background jobs to be reported
-immediately, rather than before printing the next primary prompt.
-
-@item -e
-Exit immediately if
-a pipeline (@pxref{Pipelines}), which may consist of a single simple command
-(@pxref{Simple Commands}),
-a list (@pxref{Lists}),
-or a compound command (@pxref{Compound Commands})
-returns a non-zero status.
-The shell does not exit if the command that fails is part of the
-command list immediately following a @code{while} or @code{until} keyword,
-part of the test in an @code{if} statement,
-part of any command executed in a @code{&&} or @code{||} list except
-the command following the final @code{&&} or @code{||},
-any command in a pipeline but the last,
-or if the command's return status is being inverted with @code{!}.
-If a compound command other than a subshell
-returns a non-zero status because a command failed
-while @option{-e} was being ignored, the shell does not exit.
-A trap on @code{ERR}, if set, is executed before the shell exits.
-
-This option applies to the shell environment and each subshell environment
-separately (@pxref{Command Execution Environment}), and may cause
-subshells to exit before executing all the commands in the subshell.
-
-If a compound command or shell function executes in a context where
-@option{-e} is being ignored,
-none of the commands executed within the compound command or function body
-will be affected by the @option{-e} setting, even if @option{-e} is set
-and a command returns a failure status.
-If a compound command or shell function sets @option{-e} while executing in
-a context where @option{-e} is ignored, that setting will not have any
-effect until the compound command or the command containing the function
-call completes.
-
-@item -f
-Disable filename expansion (globbing).
-
-@item -h
-Locate and remember (hash) commands as they are looked up for execution.
-This option is enabled by default.
-
-@item -k
-All arguments in the form of assignment statements are placed
-in the environment for a command, not just those that precede
-the command name.
-
-@item -m
-Job control is enabled (@pxref{Job Control}).
-All processes run in a separate process group.
-When a background job completes, the shell prints a line
-containing its exit status.
-
-@item -n
-Read commands but do not execute them; this may be used to check a
-script for syntax errors.
-This option is ignored by interactive shells.
-
-@item -o @var{option-name}
-
-Set the option corresponding to @var{option-name}:
-
-@table @code
-@item allexport
-Same as @code{-a}.
-
-@item braceexpand
-Same as @code{-B}.
-
-@item emacs
-Use an @code{emacs}-style line editing interface (@pxref{Command Line Editing}).
-This also affects the editing interface used for @code{read -e}.
-
-@item errexit
-Same as @code{-e}.
-
-@item errtrace
-Same as @code{-E}.
-
-@item functrace
-Same as @code{-T}.
-
-@item hashall
-Same as @code{-h}.
-
-@item histexpand
-Same as @code{-H}.
-
-@item history
-Enable command history, as described in @ref{Bash History Facilities}.
-This option is on by default in interactive shells.
-
-@item ignoreeof
-An interactive shell will not exit upon reading EOF.
-
-@item keyword
-Same as @code{-k}.
-
-@item monitor
-Same as @code{-m}.
-
-@item noclobber
-Same as @code{-C}.
-
-@item noexec
-Same as @code{-n}.
-
-@item noglob
-Same as @code{-f}.
-
-@item nolog
-Currently ignored.
-
-@item notify
-Same as @code{-b}.
-
-@item nounset
-Same as @code{-u}.
-
-@item onecmd
-Same as @code{-t}.
-
-@item physical
-Same as @code{-P}.
-
-@item pipefail
-If set, the return value of a pipeline is the value of the last
-(rightmost) command to exit with a non-zero status, or zero if all
-commands in the pipeline exit successfully.
-This option is disabled by default.
-
-@item posix
-Change the behavior of Bash where the default operation differs
-from the @sc{posix} standard to match the standard
-(@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}).
-This is intended to make Bash behave as a strict superset of that
-standard.
-
-@item privileged
-Same as @code{-p}.
-
-@item verbose
-Same as @code{-v}.
-
-@item vi
-Use a @code{vi}-style line editing interface.
-This also affects the editing interface used for @code{read -e}.
-
-@item xtrace
-Same as @code{-x}.
-@end table
-
-@item -p
-Turn on privileged mode.
-In this mode, the @env{$BASH_ENV} and @env{$ENV} files are not
-processed, shell functions are not inherited from the environment,
-and the @env{SHELLOPTS}, @env{BASHOPTS}, @env{CDPATH} and @env{GLOBIGNORE}
-variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored.
-If the shell is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
-real user (group) id, and the @option{-p} option is not supplied, these actions
-are taken and the effective user id is set to the real user id.
-If the @option{-p} option is supplied at startup, the effective user id is
-not reset.
-Turning this option off causes the effective user
-and group ids to be set to the real user and group ids.
-
-@item -t
-Exit after reading and executing one command.
-
-@item -u
-Treat unset variables and parameters other than the special parameters
-@samp{@@} or @samp{*} as an error when performing parameter expansion.
-An error message will be written to the standard error, and a non-interactive
-shell will exit.
-
-@item -v
-Print shell input lines as they are read.
-
-@item -x
-Print a trace of simple commands, @code{for} commands, @code{case}
-commands, @code{select} commands, and arithmetic @code{for} commands
-and their arguments or associated word lists after they are
-expanded and before they are executed. The value of the @env{PS4}
-variable is expanded and the resultant value is printed before
-the command and its expanded arguments.
-
-@item -B
-The shell will perform brace expansion (@pxref{Brace Expansion}).
-This option is on by default.
-
-@item -C
-Prevent output redirection using @samp{>}, @samp{>&}, and @samp{<>}
-from overwriting existing files.
-
-@item -E
-If set, any trap on @code{ERR} is inherited by shell functions, command
-substitutions, and commands executed in a subshell environment.
-The @code{ERR} trap is normally not inherited in such cases.
-
-@item -H
-Enable @samp{!} style history substitution (@pxref{History Interaction}).
-This option is on by default for interactive shells.
-
-@item -P
-If set, do not resolve symbolic links when performing commands such as
-@code{cd} which change the current directory. The physical directory
-is used instead. By default, Bash follows
-the logical chain of directories when performing commands
-which change the current directory.
-
-For example, if @file{/usr/sys} is a symbolic link to @file{/usr/local/sys}
-then:
-@example
-$ cd /usr/sys; echo $PWD
-/usr/sys
-$ cd ..; pwd
-/usr
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-If @code{set -P} is on, then:
-@example
-$ cd /usr/sys; echo $PWD
-/usr/local/sys
-$ cd ..; pwd
-/usr/local
-@end example
-
-@item -T
-If set, any trap on @code{DEBUG} and @code{RETURN} are inherited by
-shell functions, command substitutions, and commands executed
-in a subshell environment.
-The @code{DEBUG} and @code{RETURN} traps are normally not inherited
-in such cases.
-
-@item --
-If no arguments follow this option, then the positional parameters are
-unset. Otherwise, the positional parameters are set to the
-@var{arguments}, even if some of them begin with a @samp{-}.
-
-@item -
-Signal the end of options, cause all remaining @var{arguments}
-to be assigned to the positional parameters. The @option{-x}
-and @option{-v} options are turned off.
-If there are no arguments, the positional parameters remain unchanged.
-@end table
-
-Using @samp{+} rather than @samp{-} causes these options to be
-turned off. The options can also be used upon invocation of the
-shell. The current set of options may be found in @code{$-}.
-
-The remaining N @var{arguments} are positional parameters and are
-assigned, in order, to @code{$1}, @code{$2}, @dots{} @code{$N}.
-The special parameter @code{#} is set to N.
-
-The return status is always zero unless an invalid option is supplied.
-@end table
-
-@node The Shopt Builtin
-@subsection The Shopt Builtin
-
-This builtin allows you to change additional shell optional behavior.
-
-@table @code
-
-@item shopt
-@btindex shopt
-@example
-shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [@var{optname} @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-Toggle the values of settings controlling optional shell behavior.
-The settings can be either those listed below, or, if the
-@option{-o} option is used, those available with the @option{-o}
-option to the @code{set} builtin command (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
-With no options, or with the @option{-p} option, a list of all settable
-options is displayed, with an indication of whether or not each is set.
-The @option{-p} option causes output to be displayed in a form that
-may be reused as input.
-Other options have the following meanings:
-
-@table @code
-@item -s
-Enable (set) each @var{optname}.
-
-@item -u
-Disable (unset) each @var{optname}.
-
-@item -q
-Suppresses normal output; the return status
-indicates whether the @var{optname} is set or unset.
-If multiple @var{optname} arguments are given with @option{-q},
-the return status is zero if all @var{optnames} are enabled;
-non-zero otherwise.
-
-@item -o
-Restricts the values of
-@var{optname} to be those defined for the @option{-o} option to the
-@code{set} builtin (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
-@end table
-
-If either @option{-s} or @option{-u}
-is used with no @var{optname} arguments, @code{shopt} shows only
-those options which are set or unset, respectively.
-
-Unless otherwise noted, the @code{shopt} options are disabled (off)
-by default.
-
-The return status when listing options is zero if all @var{optnames}
-are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting options,
-the return status is zero unless an @var{optname} is not a valid shell
-option.
-
-The list of @code{shopt} options is:
-@table @code
-
-@item autocd
-If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is executed as if
-it were the argument to the @code{cd} command.
-This option is only used by interactive shells.
-
-@item cdable_vars
-If this is set, an argument to the @code{cd} builtin command that
-is not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable whose
-value is the directory to change to.
-
-@item cdspell
-If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a
-@code{cd} command will be corrected.
-The errors checked for are transposed characters,
-a missing character, and a character too many.
-If a correction is found, the corrected path is printed,
-and the command proceeds.
-This option is only used by interactive shells.
-
-@item checkhash
-If this is set, Bash checks that a command found in the hash
-table exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed command no
-longer exists, a normal path search is performed.
-
-@item checkjobs
-If set, Bash lists the status of any stopped and running jobs before
-exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs are running, this causes
-the exit to be deferred until a second exit is attempted without an
-intervening command (@pxref{Job Control}).
-The shell always postpones exiting if any jobs are stopped.
-
-@item checkwinsize
-If set, Bash checks the window size after each command
- and, if necessary, updates the values of
-@env{LINES} and @env{COLUMNS}.
-
-@item cmdhist
-If set, Bash
-attempts to save all lines of a multiple-line
-command in the same history entry. This allows
-easy re-editing of multi-line commands.
-
-@item compat31
-If set, Bash
-changes its behavior to that of version 3.1 with respect to quoted
-arguments to the conditional command's @samp{=~} operator
-and with respect to locale-specific
-string comparison when using the @code{[[}
-conditional command's @samp{<} and @samp{>} operators.
-Bash versions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation and strcmp(3);
-bash-4.1 and later use the current locale's collation sequence and strcoll(3).
-
-@item compat32
-If set, Bash
-changes its behavior to that of version 3.2 with respect to locale-specific
-string comparison when using the @code{[[}
-conditional command's @samp{<} and @samp{>} operators (see previous item).
-
-@item compat40
-If set, Bash
-changes its behavior to that of version 4.0 with respect to locale-specific
-string comparison when using the @code{[[}
-conditional command's @samp{<} and @samp{>} operators (see description
-of @code{compat31})
-and the effect of interrupting a command list.
-Bash versions 4.0 and later interrupt the list as if the shell received the
-interrupt; previous versions continue with the next command in the list.
-
-@item compat41
-If set, Bash, when in @sc{posix} mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted
-parameter expansion as a special character. The single quotes must match
-(an even number) and the characters between the single quotes are considered
-quoted. This is the behavior of @sc{posix} mode through version 4.1.
-The default Bash behavior remains as in previous versions.
-
-@item compat42
-If set, Bash
-does not process the replacement string in the pattern substitution word
-expansion using quote removal.
-
-@item complete_fullquote
-If set, Bash
-quotes all shell metacharacters in filenames and directory names when
-performing completion.
-If not set, Bash
-removes metacharacters such as the dollar sign from the set of
-characters that will be quoted in completed filenames
-when these metacharacters appear in shell variable references in words to be
-completed.
-This means that dollar signs in variable names that expand to directories
-will not be quoted;
-however, any dollar signs appearing in filenames will not be quoted, either.
-This is active only when bash is using backslashes to quote completed
-filenames.
-This variable is set by default, which is the default Bash behavior in
-versions through 4.2.
-
-@item direxpand
-If set, Bash
-replaces directory names with the results of word expansion when performing
-filename completion. This changes the contents of the readline editing
-buffer.
-If not set, Bash attempts to preserve what the user typed.
-
-@item dirspell
-If set, Bash
-attempts spelling correction on directory names during word completion
-if the directory name initially supplied does not exist.
-
-@item dotglob
-If set, Bash includes filenames beginning with a `.' in
-the results of filename expansion.
-
-@item execfail
-If this is set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if
-it cannot execute the file specified as an argument to the @code{exec}
-builtin command. An interactive shell does not exit if @code{exec}
-fails.
-
-@item expand_aliases
-If set, aliases are expanded as described below under Aliases,
-@ref{Aliases}.
-This option is enabled by default for interactive shells.
-
-@item extdebug
-If set, behavior intended for use by debuggers is enabled:
-
-@enumerate
-@item
-The @option{-F} option to the @code{declare} builtin (@pxref{Bash Builtins})
-displays the source file name and line number corresponding to each function
-name supplied as an argument.
-
-@item
-If the command run by the @code{DEBUG} trap returns a non-zero value, the
-next command is skipped and not executed.
-
-@item
-If the command run by the @code{DEBUG} trap returns a value of 2, and the
-shell is executing in a subroutine (a shell function or a shell script
-executed by the @code{.} or @code{source} builtins), a call to
-@code{return} is simulated.
-
-@item
-@code{BASH_ARGC} and @code{BASH_ARGV} are updated as described in their
-descriptions (@pxref{Bash Variables}).
-
-@item
-Function tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
-subshells invoked with @code{( @var{command} )} inherit the
-@code{DEBUG} and @code{RETURN} traps.
-
-@item
-Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and
-subshells invoked with @code{( @var{command} )} inherit the
-@code{ERR} trap.
-@end enumerate
-
-@item extglob
-If set, the extended pattern matching features described above
-(@pxref{Pattern Matching}) are enabled.
-
-@item extquote
-If set, @code{$'@var{string}'} and @code{$"@var{string}"} quoting is
-performed within @code{$@{@var{parameter}@}} expansions
-enclosed in double quotes. This option is enabled by default.
-
-@item failglob
-If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during filename expansion
-result in an expansion error.
-
-@item force_fignore
-If set, the suffixes specified by the @env{FIGNORE} shell variable
-cause words to be ignored when performing word completion even if
-the ignored words are the only possible completions.
-@xref{Bash Variables}, for a description of @env{FIGNORE}.
-This option is enabled by default.
-
-@item globasciiranges
-If set, range expressions used in pattern matching bracket expressions
-(@pxref{Pattern Matching})
-behave as if in the traditional C locale when performing
-comparisons. That is, the current locale's collating sequence
-is not taken into account, so
-@samp{b} will not collate between @samp{A} and @samp{B},
-and upper-case and lower-case ASCII characters will collate together.
-
-@item globstar
-If set, the pattern @samp{**} used in a filename expansion context will
-match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
-If the pattern is followed by a @samp{/}, only directories and
-subdirectories match.
-
-@item gnu_errfmt
-If set, shell error messages are written in the standard @sc{gnu} error
-message format.
-
-@item histappend
-If set, the history list is appended to the file named by the value
-of the @env{HISTFILE}
-variable when the shell exits, rather than overwriting the file.
-
-@item histreedit
-If set, and Readline
-is being used, a user is given the opportunity to re-edit a
-failed history substitution.
-
-@item histverify
-If set, and Readline
-is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately
-passed to the shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded into
-the Readline editing buffer, allowing further modification.
-
-@item hostcomplete
-If set, and Readline is being used, Bash will attempt to perform
-hostname completion when a word containing a @samp{@@} is being
-completed (@pxref{Commands For Completion}). This option is enabled
-by default.
-
-@item huponexit
-If set, Bash will send @code{SIGHUP} to all jobs when an interactive
-login shell exits (@pxref{Signals}).
-
-@item interactive_comments
-Allow a word beginning with @samp{#}
-to cause that word and all remaining characters on that
-line to be ignored in an interactive shell.
-This option is enabled by default.
-
-@item lastpipe
-If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs the last command of
-a pipeline not executed in the background in the current shell environment.
-
-@item lithist
-If enabled, and the @code{cmdhist}
-option is enabled, multi-line commands are saved to the history with
-embedded newlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.
-
-@item login_shell
-The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell
-(@pxref{Invoking Bash}).
-The value may not be changed.
-
-@item mailwarn
-If set, and a file that Bash is checking for mail has been
-accessed since the last time it was checked, the message
-@code{"The mail in @var{mailfile} has been read"} is displayed.
-
-@item no_empty_cmd_completion
-If set, and Readline is being used, Bash will not attempt to search
-the @env{PATH} for possible completions when completion is attempted
-on an empty line.
-
-@item nocaseglob
-If set, Bash matches filenames in a case-insensitive fashion when
-performing filename expansion.
-
-@item nocasematch
-If set, Bash matches patterns in a case-insensitive fashion when
-performing matching while executing @code{case} or @code{[[}
-conditional commands.
-
-@item nullglob
-If set, Bash allows filename patterns which match no
-files to expand to a null string, rather than themselves.
-
-@item progcomp
-If set, the programmable completion facilities
-(@pxref{Programmable Completion}) are enabled.
-This option is enabled by default.
-
-@item promptvars
-If set, prompt strings undergo
-parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic
-expansion, and quote removal after being expanded
-as described below (@pxref{Controlling the Prompt}).
-This option is enabled by default.
-
-@item restricted_shell
-The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode
-(@pxref{The Restricted Shell}).
-The value may not be changed.
-This is not reset when the startup files are executed, allowing
-the startup files to discover whether or not a shell is restricted.
-
-@item shift_verbose
-If this is set, the @code{shift}
-builtin prints an error message when the shift count exceeds the
-number of positional parameters.
-
-@item sourcepath
-If set, the @code{source} builtin uses the value of @env{PATH}
-to find the directory containing the file supplied as an argument.
-This option is enabled by default.
-
-@item xpg_echo
-If set, the @code{echo} builtin expands backslash-escape sequences
-by default.
-
-@end table
-
-@noindent
-The return status when listing options is zero if all @var{optnames}
-are enabled, non-zero otherwise.
-When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an
-@var{optname} is not a valid shell option.
-@end table
-
-@node Special Builtins
-@section Special Builtins
-@cindex special builtin
-
-For historical reasons, the @sc{posix} standard has classified
-several builtin commands as @emph{special}.
-When Bash is executing in @sc{posix} mode, the special builtins
-differ from other builtin commands in three respects:
-
-@enumerate
-@item
-Special builtins are found before shell functions during command lookup.
-
-@item
-If a special builtin returns an error status, a non-interactive shell exits.
-
-@item
-Assignment statements preceding the command stay in effect in the shell
-environment after the command completes.
-@end enumerate
-
-When Bash is not executing in @sc{posix} mode, these builtins behave no
-differently than the rest of the Bash builtin commands.
-The Bash @sc{posix} mode is described in @ref{Bash POSIX Mode}.
-
-These are the @sc{posix} special builtins:
-@example
-@w{break : . continue eval exec exit export readonly return set}
-@w{shift trap unset}
-@end example
-
-@node Shell Variables
-@chapter Shell Variables
-
-@menu
-* Bourne Shell Variables:: Variables which Bash uses in the same way
- as the Bourne Shell.
-* Bash Variables:: List of variables that exist in Bash.
-@end menu
-
-This chapter describes the shell variables that Bash uses.
-Bash automatically assigns default values to a number of variables.
-
-@node Bourne Shell Variables
-@section Bourne Shell Variables
-
-Bash uses certain shell variables in the same way as the Bourne shell.
-In some cases, Bash assigns a default value to the variable.
-
-@vtable @code
-
-@item CDPATH
-A colon-separated list of directories used as a search path for
-the @code{cd} builtin command.
-
-@item HOME
-The current user's home directory; the default for the @code{cd} builtin
-command.
-The value of this variable is also used by tilde expansion
-(@pxref{Tilde Expansion}).
-
-@item IFS
-A list of characters that separate fields; used when the shell splits
-words as part of expansion.
-
-@item MAIL
-If this parameter is set to a filename or directory name
-and the @env{MAILPATH} variable
-is not set, Bash informs the user of the arrival of mail in
-the specified file or Maildir-format directory.
-
-@item MAILPATH
-A colon-separated list of filenames which the shell periodically checks
-for new mail.
-Each list entry can specify the message that is printed when new mail
-arrives in the mail file by separating the filename from the message with
-a @samp{?}.
-When used in the text of the message, @code{$_} expands to the name of
-the current mail file.
-
-@item OPTARG
-The value of the last option argument processed by the @code{getopts} builtin.
-
-@item OPTIND
-The index of the last option argument processed by the @code{getopts} builtin.
-
-@item PATH
-A colon-separated list of directories in which the shell looks for
-commands.
-A zero-length (null) directory name in the value of @code{PATH} indicates the
-current directory.
-A null directory name may appear as two adjacent colons, or as an initial
-or trailing colon.
-
-
-@item PS1
-The primary prompt string. The default value is @samp{\s-\v\$ }.
-@xref{Controlling the Prompt}, for the complete list of escape
-sequences that are expanded before @env{PS1} is displayed.
-
-@item PS2
-The secondary prompt string. The default value is @samp{> }.
-
-@end vtable
-
-@node Bash Variables
-@section Bash Variables
-
-These variables are set or used by Bash, but other shells
-do not normally treat them specially.
-
-A few variables used by Bash are described in different chapters:
-variables for controlling the job control facilities
-(@pxref{Job Control Variables}).
-
-@vtable @code
-
-@item BASH
-The full pathname used to execute the current instance of Bash.
-
-@item BASHOPTS
-A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in
-the list is a valid argument for the @option{-s} option to the
-@code{shopt} builtin command (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}).
-The options appearing in @env{BASHOPTS} are those reported
-as @samp{on} by @samp{shopt}.
-If this variable is in the environment when Bash
-starts up, each shell option in the list will be enabled before
-reading any startup files. This variable is readonly.
-
-@item BASHPID
-Expands to the process ID of the current Bash process.
-This differs from @code{$$} under certain circumstances, such as subshells
-that do not require Bash to be re-initialized.
-
-@item BASH_ALIASES
-An associative array variable whose members correspond to the internal
-list of aliases as maintained by the @code{alias} builtin.
-(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
-Elements added to this array appear in the alias list; unsetting array
-elements cause aliases to be removed from the alias list.
-
-@item BASH_ARGC
-An array variable whose values are the number of parameters in each
-frame of the current bash execution call stack. The number of
-parameters to the current subroutine (shell function or script executed
-with @code{.} or @code{source}) is at the top of the stack. When a
-subroutine is executed, the number of parameters passed is pushed onto
-@code{BASH_ARGC}.
-The shell sets @code{BASH_ARGC} only when in extended debugging mode
-(see @ref{The Shopt Builtin}
-for a description of the @code{extdebug} option to the @code{shopt}
-builtin).
-
-@item BASH_ARGV
-An array variable containing all of the parameters in the current bash
-execution call stack. The final parameter of the last subroutine call
-is at the top of the stack; the first parameter of the initial call is
-at the bottom. When a subroutine is executed, the parameters supplied
-are pushed onto @code{BASH_ARGV}.
-The shell sets @code{BASH_ARGV} only when in extended debugging mode
-(see @ref{The Shopt Builtin}
-for a description of the @code{extdebug} option to the @code{shopt}
-builtin).
-
-@item BASH_CMDS
-An associative array variable whose members correspond to the internal
-hash table of commands as maintained by the @code{hash} builtin
-(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
-Elements added to this array appear in the hash table; unsetting array
-elements cause commands to be removed from the hash table.
-
-@item BASH_COMMAND
-The command currently being executed or about to be executed, unless the
-shell is executing a command as the result of a trap,
-in which case it is the command executing at the time of the trap.
-
-@item BASH_COMPAT
-The value is used to set the shell's compatibility level.
-@xref{The Shopt Builtin}, for a description of the various compatibility
-levels and their effects.
-The value may be a decimal number (e.g., 4.2) or an integer (e.g., 42)
-corresponding to the desired compatibility level.
-If @code{BASH_COMPAT} is unset or set to the empty string, the compatibility
-level is set to the default for the current version.
-If @code{BASH_COMPAT} is set to a value that is not one of the valid
-compatibility levels, the shell prints an error message and sets the
-compatibility level to the default for the current version.
-The valid compatibility levels correspond to the compatibility options
-accepted by the @code{shopt} builtin described above (for example,
-@var{compat42} means that 4.2 and 42 are valid values).
-The current version is also a valid value.
-
-@item BASH_ENV
-If this variable is set when Bash is invoked to execute a shell
-script, its value is expanded and used as the name of a startup file
-to read before executing the script. @xref{Bash Startup Files}.
-
-@item BASH_EXECUTION_STRING
-The command argument to the @option{-c} invocation option.
-
-@item BASH_LINENO
-An array variable whose members are the line numbers in source files
-where each corresponding member of @var{FUNCNAME} was invoked.
-@code{$@{BASH_LINENO[$i]@}} is the line number in the source file
-(@code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]@}}) where
-@code{$@{FUNCNAME[$i]@}} was called (or @code{$@{BASH_LINENO[$i-1]@}} if
-referenced within another shell function).
-Use @code{LINENO} to obtain the current line number.
-
-@item BASH_REMATCH
-An array variable whose members are assigned by the @samp{=~} binary
-operator to the @code{[[} conditional command
-(@pxref{Conditional Constructs}).
-The element with index 0 is the portion of the string
-matching the entire regular expression.
-The element with index @var{n} is the portion of the
-string matching the @var{n}th parenthesized subexpression.
-This variable is read-only.
-
-@item BASH_SOURCE
-An array variable whose members are the source filenames where the
-corresponding shell function names in the @code{FUNCNAME} array
-variable are defined.
-The shell function @code{$@{FUNCNAME[$i]@}} is defined in the file
-@code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i]@}} and called from @code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]@}}
-
-@item BASH_SUBSHELL
-Incremented by one within each subshell or subshell environment when
-the shell begins executing in that environment.
-The initial value is 0.
-
-@item BASH_VERSINFO
-A readonly array variable (@pxref{Arrays})
-whose members hold version information for this instance of Bash.
-The values assigned to the array members are as follows:
-
-@table @code
-
-@item BASH_VERSINFO[0]
-The major version number (the @var{release}).
-
-@item BASH_VERSINFO[1]
-The minor version number (the @var{version}).
-
-@item BASH_VERSINFO[2]
-The patch level.
-
-@item BASH_VERSINFO[3]
-The build version.
-
-@item BASH_VERSINFO[4]
-The release status (e.g., @var{beta1}).
-
-@item BASH_VERSINFO[5]
-The value of @env{MACHTYPE}.
-@end table
-
-@item BASH_VERSION
-The version number of the current instance of Bash.
-
-@item BASH_XTRACEFD
-If set to an integer corresponding to a valid file descriptor, Bash
-will write the trace output generated when @samp{set -x}
-is enabled to that file descriptor.
-This allows tracing output to be separated from diagnostic and error
-messages.
-The file descriptor is closed when @code{BASH_XTRACEFD} is unset or assigned
-a new value.
-Unsetting @code{BASH_XTRACEFD} or assigning it the empty string causes the
-trace output to be sent to the standard error.
-Note that setting @code{BASH_XTRACEFD} to 2 (the standard error file
-descriptor) and then unsetting it will result in the standard error
-being closed.
-
-@item CHILD_MAX
-Set the number of exited child status values for the shell to remember.
-Bash will not allow this value to be decreased below a @sc{posix}-mandated
-minimum, and there is a maximum value (currently 8192) that this may
-not exceed.
-The minimum value is system-dependent.
-
-@item COLUMNS
-Used by the @code{select} command to determine the terminal width
-when printing selection lists.
-Automatically set if the @code{checkwinsize} option is enabled
-(@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}), or in an interactive shell upon receipt of a
-@code{SIGWINCH}.
-
-@item COMP_CWORD
-An index into @env{$@{COMP_WORDS@}} of the word containing the current
-cursor position.
-This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by the
-programmable completion facilities (@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
-
-@item COMP_LINE
-The current command line.
-This variable is available only in shell functions and external
-commands invoked by the
-programmable completion facilities (@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
-
-@item COMP_POINT
-The index of the current cursor position relative to the beginning of
-the current command.
-If the current cursor position is at the end of the current command,
-the value of this variable is equal to @code{$@{#COMP_LINE@}}.
-This variable is available only in shell functions and external
-commands invoked by the
-programmable completion facilities (@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
-
-@item COMP_TYPE
-Set to an integer value corresponding to the type of completion attempted
-that caused a completion function to be called:
-@var{TAB}, for normal completion,
-@samp{?}, for listing completions after successive tabs,
-@samp{!}, for listing alternatives on partial word completion,
-@samp{@@}, to list completions if the word is not unmodified,
-or
-@samp{%}, for menu completion.
-This variable is available only in shell functions and external
-commands invoked by the
-programmable completion facilities (@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
-
-@item COMP_KEY
-The key (or final key of a key sequence) used to invoke the current
-completion function.
-
-@item COMP_WORDBREAKS
-The set of characters that the Readline library treats as word
-separators when performing word completion.
-If @code{COMP_WORDBREAKS} is unset, it loses its special properties,
-even if it is subsequently reset.
-
-@item COMP_WORDS
-An array variable consisting of the individual
-words in the current command line.
-The line is split into words as Readline would split it, using
-@code{COMP_WORDBREAKS} as described above.
-This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by the
-programmable completion facilities (@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
-
-@item COMPREPLY
-An array variable from which Bash reads the possible completions
-generated by a shell function invoked by the programmable completion
-facility (@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
-Each array element contains one possible completion.
-
-@item COPROC
-An array variable created to hold the file descriptors
-for output from and input to an unnamed coprocess (@pxref{Coprocesses}).
-
-@item DIRSTACK
-An array variable containing the current contents of the directory stack.
-Directories appear in the stack in the order they are displayed by the
-@code{dirs} builtin.
-Assigning to members of this array variable may be used to modify
-directories already in the stack, but the @code{pushd} and @code{popd}
-builtins must be used to add and remove directories.
-Assignment to this variable will not change the current directory.
-If @env{DIRSTACK} is unset, it loses its special properties, even if
-it is subsequently reset.
-
-@item EMACS
-If Bash finds this variable in the environment when the shell
-starts with value @samp{t}, it assumes that the shell is running in an
-Emacs shell buffer and disables line editing.
-
-@item ENV
-Similar to @code{BASH_ENV}; used when the shell is invoked in
-@sc{posix} Mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}).
-
-@item EUID
-The numeric effective user id of the current user. This variable
-is readonly.
-
-@item FCEDIT
-The editor used as a default by the @option{-e} option to the @code{fc}
-builtin command.
-
-@item FIGNORE
-A colon-separated list of suffixes to ignore when performing
-filename completion.
-A filename whose suffix matches one of the entries in
-@env{FIGNORE}
-is excluded from the list of matched filenames. A sample
-value is @samp{.o:~}
-
-@item FUNCNAME
-An array variable containing the names of all shell functions
-currently in the execution call stack.
-The element with index 0 is the name of any currently-executing
-shell function.
-The bottom-most element (the one with the highest index)
-is @code{"main"}.
-This variable exists only when a shell function is executing.
-Assignments to @env{FUNCNAME} have no effect and return an error status.
-If @env{FUNCNAME} is unset, it loses its special properties, even if
-it is subsequently reset.
-
-This variable can be used with @code{BASH_LINENO} and @code{BASH_SOURCE}.
-Each element of @code{FUNCNAME} has corresponding elements in
-@code{BASH_LINENO} and @code{BASH_SOURCE} to describe the call stack.
-For instance, @code{$@{FUNCNAME[$i]@}} was called from the file
-@code{$@{BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]@}} at line number @code{$@{BASH_LINENO[$i]@}}.
-The @code{caller} builtin displays the current call stack using this
-information.
-
-@item FUNCNEST
-If set to a numeric value greater than 0, defines a maximum function
-nesting level. Function invocations that exceed this nesting level
-will cause the current command to abort.
-
-@item GLOBIGNORE
-A colon-separated list of patterns defining the set of filenames to
-be ignored by filename expansion.
-If a filename matched by a filename expansion pattern also matches one
-of the patterns in @env{GLOBIGNORE}, it is removed from the list
-of matches.
-
-@item GROUPS
-An array variable containing the list of groups of which the current
-user is a member.
-Assignments to @env{GROUPS} have no effect and return an error status.
-If @env{GROUPS} is unset, it loses its special properties, even if it is
-subsequently reset.
-
-@item histchars
-Up to three characters which control history expansion, quick
-substitution, and tokenization (@pxref{History Interaction}).
-The first character is the
-@var{history expansion} character, that is, the character which signifies the
-start of a history expansion, normally @samp{!}. The second character is the
-character which signifies `quick substitution' when seen as the first
-character on a line, normally @samp{^}. The optional third character is the
-character which indicates that the remainder of the line is a comment when
-found as the first character of a word, usually @samp{#}. The history
-comment character causes history substitution to be skipped for the
-remaining words on the line. It does not necessarily cause the shell
-parser to treat the rest of the line as a comment.
-
-@item HISTCMD
-The history number, or index in the history list, of the current
-command. If @env{HISTCMD} is unset, it loses its special properties,
-even if it is subsequently reset.
-
-@item HISTCONTROL
-A colon-separated list of values controlling how commands are saved on
-the history list.
-If the list of values includes @samp{ignorespace}, lines which begin
-with a space character are not saved in the history list.
-A value of @samp{ignoredups} causes lines which match the previous
-history entry to not be saved.
-A value of @samp{ignoreboth} is shorthand for
-@samp{ignorespace} and @samp{ignoredups}.
-A value of @samp{erasedups} causes all previous lines matching the
-current line to be removed from the history list before that line
-is saved.
-Any value not in the above list is ignored.
-If @env{HISTCONTROL} is unset, or does not include a valid value,
-all lines read by the shell parser are saved on the history list,
-subject to the value of @env{HISTIGNORE}.
-The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound command are
-not tested, and are added to the history regardless of the value of
-@env{HISTCONTROL}.
-
-@item HISTFILE
-The name of the file to which the command history is saved. The
-default value is @file{~/.bash_history}.
-
-@item HISTFILESIZE
-The maximum number of lines contained in the history file.
-When this variable is assigned a value, the history file is truncated,
-if necessary, to contain no more than that number of lines
-by removing the oldest entries.
-The history file is also truncated to this size after
-writing it when a shell exits.
-If the value is 0, the history file is truncated to zero size.
-Non-numeric values and numeric values less than zero inhibit truncation.
-The shell sets the default value to the value of @env{HISTSIZE}
-after reading any startup files.
-
-@item HISTIGNORE
-A colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which command
-lines should be saved on the history list. Each pattern is
-anchored at the beginning of the line and must match the complete
-line (no implicit @samp{*} is appended). Each pattern is tested
-against the line after the checks specified by @env{HISTCONTROL}
-are applied. In addition to the normal shell pattern matching
-characters, @samp{&} matches the previous history line. @samp{&}
-may be escaped using a backslash; the backslash is removed
-before attempting a match.
-The second and subsequent lines of a multi-line compound command are
-not tested, and are added to the history regardless of the value of
-@env{HISTIGNORE}.
-
-@env{HISTIGNORE} subsumes the function of @env{HISTCONTROL}. A
-pattern of @samp{&} is identical to @code{ignoredups}, and a
-pattern of @samp{[ ]*} is identical to @code{ignorespace}.
-Combining these two patterns, separating them with a colon,
-provides the functionality of @code{ignoreboth}.
-
-@item HISTSIZE
-The maximum number of commands to remember on the history list.
-If the value is 0, commands are not saved in the history list.
-Numeric values less than zero result in every command being saved
-on the history list (there is no limit).
-The shell sets the default value to 500 after reading any startup files.
-
-@item HISTTIMEFORMAT
-If this variable is set and not null, its value is used as a format string
-for @var{strftime} to print the time stamp associated with each history
-entry displayed by the @code{history} builtin.
-If this variable is set, time stamps are written to the history file so
-they may be preserved across shell sessions.
-This uses the history comment character to distinguish timestamps from
-other history lines.
-
-@item HOSTFILE
-Contains the name of a file in the same format as @file{/etc/hosts} that
-should be read when the shell needs to complete a hostname.
-The list of possible hostname completions may be changed while the shell
-is running;
-the next time hostname completion is attempted after the
-value is changed, Bash adds the contents of the new file to the
-existing list.
-If @env{HOSTFILE} is set, but has no value, or does not name a readable file,
-Bash attempts to read
-@file{/etc/hosts} to obtain the list of possible hostname completions.
-When @env{HOSTFILE} is unset, the hostname list is cleared.
-
-@item HOSTNAME
-The name of the current host.
-
-@item HOSTTYPE
-A string describing the machine Bash is running on.
-
-@item IGNOREEOF
-Controls the action of the shell on receipt of an @code{EOF} character
-as the sole input. If set, the value denotes the number
-of consecutive @code{EOF} characters that can be read as the
-first character on an input line
-before the shell will exit. If the variable exists but does not
-have a numeric value (or has no value) then the default is 10.
-If the variable does not exist, then @code{EOF} signifies the end of
-input to the shell. This is only in effect for interactive shells.
-
-@item INPUTRC
-The name of the Readline initialization file, overriding the default
-of @file{~/.inputrc}.
-
-@item LANG
-Used to determine the locale category for any category not specifically
-selected with a variable starting with @code{LC_}.
-
-@item LC_ALL
-This variable overrides the value of @env{LANG} and any other
-@code{LC_} variable specifying a locale category.
-
-@item LC_COLLATE
-This variable determines the collation order used when sorting the
-results of filename expansion, and
-determines the behavior of range expressions, equivalence classes,
-and collating sequences within filename expansion and pattern matching
-(@pxref{Filename Expansion}).
-
-@item LC_CTYPE
-This variable determines the interpretation of characters and the
-behavior of character classes within filename expansion and pattern
-matching (@pxref{Filename Expansion}).
-
-@item LC_MESSAGES
-This variable determines the locale used to translate double-quoted
-strings preceded by a @samp{$} (@pxref{Locale Translation}).
-
-@item LC_NUMERIC
-This variable determines the locale category used for number formatting.
-
-@item LINENO
-The line number in the script or shell function currently executing.
-
-@item LINES
-Used by the @code{select} command to determine the column length
-for printing selection lists.
-Automatically set if the @code{checkwinsize} option is enabled
-(@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}), or in an interactive shell upon receipt of a
-@code{SIGWINCH}.
-
-@item MACHTYPE
-A string that fully describes the system type on which Bash
-is executing, in the standard @sc{gnu} @var{cpu-company-system} format.
-
-@item MAILCHECK
-How often (in seconds) that the shell should check for mail in the
-files specified in the @env{MAILPATH} or @env{MAIL} variables.
-The default is 60 seconds. When it is time to check
-for mail, the shell does so before displaying the primary prompt.
-If this variable is unset, or set to a value that is not a number
-greater than or equal to zero, the shell disables mail checking.
-
-@item MAPFILE
-An array variable created to hold the text read by the
-@code{mapfile} builtin when no variable name is supplied.
-
-@item OLDPWD
-The previous working directory as set by the @code{cd} builtin.
-
-@item OPTERR
-If set to the value 1, Bash displays error messages
-generated by the @code{getopts} builtin command.
-
-@item OSTYPE
-A string describing the operating system Bash is running on.
-
-@item PIPESTATUS
-An array variable (@pxref{Arrays})
-containing a list of exit status values from the processes
-in the most-recently-executed foreground pipeline (which may
-contain only a single command).
-
-@item POSIXLY_CORRECT
-If this variable is in the environment when Bash starts, the shell
-enters @sc{posix} mode (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}) before reading the
-startup files, as if the @option{--posix} invocation option had been supplied.
-If it is set while the shell is running, Bash enables @sc{posix} mode,
-as if the command
-@example
-@code{set -o posix}
-@end example
-@noindent
-had been executed.
-
-@item PPID
-The process @sc{id} of the shell's parent process. This variable
-is readonly.
-
-@item PROMPT_COMMAND
-If set, the value is interpreted as a command to execute
-before the printing of each primary prompt (@env{$PS1}).
-
-@item PROMPT_DIRTRIM
-If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the number of
-trailing directory components to retain when expanding the @code{\w} and
-@code{\W} prompt string escapes (@pxref{Controlling the Prompt}).
-Characters removed are replaced with an ellipsis.
-
-@item PS3
-The value of this variable is used as the prompt for the
-@code{select} command. If this variable is not set, the
-@code{select} command prompts with @samp{#? }
-
-@item PS4
-The value is the prompt printed before the command line is echoed
-when the @option{-x} option is set (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
-The first character of @env{PS4} is replicated multiple times, as
-necessary, to indicate multiple levels of indirection.
-The default is @samp{+ }.
-
-@item PWD
-The current working directory as set by the @code{cd} builtin.
-
-@item RANDOM
-Each time this parameter is referenced, a random integer
-between 0 and 32767 is generated. Assigning a value to this
-variable seeds the random number generator.
-
-@item READLINE_LINE
-The contents of the Readline line buffer, for use
-with @samp{bind -x} (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
-
-@item READLINE_POINT
-The position of the insertion point in the Readline line buffer, for use
-with @samp{bind -x} (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
-
-@item REPLY
-The default variable for the @code{read} builtin.
-
-@item SECONDS
-This variable expands to the number of seconds since the
-shell was started. Assignment to this variable resets
-the count to the value assigned, and the expanded value
-becomes the value assigned plus the number of seconds
-since the assignment.
-
-@item SHELL
-The full pathname to the shell is kept in this environment variable.
-If it is not set when the shell starts,
-Bash assigns to it the full pathname of the current user's login shell.
-
-@item SHELLOPTS
-A colon-separated list of enabled shell options. Each word in
-the list is a valid argument for the @option{-o} option to the
-@code{set} builtin command (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
-The options appearing in @env{SHELLOPTS} are those reported
-as @samp{on} by @samp{set -o}.
-If this variable is in the environment when Bash
-starts up, each shell option in the list will be enabled before
-reading any startup files. This variable is readonly.
-
-@item SHLVL
-Incremented by one each time a new instance of Bash is started. This is
-intended to be a count of how deeply your Bash shells are nested.
-
-@item TIMEFORMAT
-The value of this parameter is used as a format string specifying
-how the timing information for pipelines prefixed with the @code{time}
-reserved word should be displayed.
-The @samp{%} character introduces an
-escape sequence that is expanded to a time value or other
-information.
-The escape sequences and their meanings are as
-follows; the braces denote optional portions.
-
-@table @code
-
-@item %%
-A literal @samp{%}.
-
-@item %[@var{p}][l]R
-The elapsed time in seconds.
-
-@item %[@var{p}][l]U
-The number of CPU seconds spent in user mode.
-
-@item %[@var{p}][l]S
-The number of CPU seconds spent in system mode.
-
-@item %P
-The CPU percentage, computed as (%U + %S) / %R.
-@end table
-
-The optional @var{p} is a digit specifying the precision, the number of
-fractional digits after a decimal point.
-A value of 0 causes no decimal point or fraction to be output.
-At most three places after the decimal point may be specified; values
-of @var{p} greater than 3 are changed to 3.
-If @var{p} is not specified, the value 3 is used.
-
-The optional @code{l} specifies a longer format, including minutes, of
-the form @var{MM}m@var{SS}.@var{FF}s.
-The value of @var{p} determines whether or not the fraction is included.
-
-If this variable is not set, Bash acts as if it had the value
-@example
-@code{$'\nreal\t%3lR\nuser\t%3lU\nsys\t%3lS'}
-@end example
-If the value is null, no timing information is displayed.
-A trailing newline is added when the format string is displayed.
-
-@item TMOUT
-If set to a value greater than zero, @code{TMOUT} is treated as the
-default timeout for the @code{read} builtin (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
-The @code{select} command (@pxref{Conditional Constructs}) terminates
-if input does not arrive after @code{TMOUT} seconds when input is coming
-from a terminal.
-
-In an interactive shell, the value is interpreted as
-the number of seconds to wait for a line of input after issuing
-the primary prompt.
-Bash
-terminates after waiting for that number of seconds if a complete
-line of input does not arrive.
-
-@item TMPDIR
-If set, Bash uses its value as the name of a directory in which
-Bash creates temporary files for the shell's use.
-
-@item UID
-The numeric real user id of the current user. This variable is readonly.
-
-@end vtable
-
-@node Bash Features
-@chapter Bash Features
-
-This chapter describes features unique to Bash.
-
-@menu
-* Invoking Bash:: Command line options that you can give
- to Bash.
-* Bash Startup Files:: When and how Bash executes scripts.
-* Interactive Shells:: What an interactive shell is.
-* Bash Conditional Expressions:: Primitives used in composing expressions for
- the @code{test} builtin.
-* Shell Arithmetic:: Arithmetic on shell variables.
-* Aliases:: Substituting one command for another.
-* Arrays:: Array Variables.
-* The Directory Stack:: History of visited directories.
-* Controlling the Prompt:: Customizing the various prompt strings.
-* The Restricted Shell:: A more controlled mode of shell execution.
-* Bash POSIX Mode:: Making Bash behave more closely to what
- the POSIX standard specifies.
-@end menu
-
-@node Invoking Bash
-@section Invoking Bash
-
-@example
-bash [long-opt] [-ir] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @var{option}] [-O @var{shopt_option}] [@var{argument} @dots{}]
-bash [long-opt] [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @var{option}] [-O @var{shopt_option}] -c @var{string} [@var{argument} @dots{}]
-bash [long-opt] -s [-abefhkmnptuvxdBCDHP] [-o @var{option}] [-O @var{shopt_option}] [@var{argument} @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-All of the single-character options used with the @code{set} builtin
-(@pxref{The Set Builtin}) can be used as options when the shell is invoked.
-In addition, there are several multi-character
-options that you can use. These options must appear on the command
-line before the single-character options to be recognized.
-
-@table @code
-@item --debugger
-Arrange for the debugger profile to be executed before the shell
-starts. Turns on extended debugging mode (see @ref{The Shopt Builtin}
-for a description of the @code{extdebug} option to the @code{shopt}
-builtin).
-
-@item --dump-po-strings
-A list of all double-quoted strings preceded by @samp{$}
-is printed on the standard output
-in the @sc{gnu} @code{gettext} PO (portable object) file format.
-Equivalent to @option{-D} except for the output format.
-
-@item --dump-strings
-Equivalent to @option{-D}.
-
-@item --help
-Display a usage message on standard output and exit successfully.
-
-@item --init-file @var{filename}
-@itemx --rcfile @var{filename}
-Execute commands from @var{filename} (instead of @file{~/.bashrc})
-in an interactive shell.
-
-@item --login
-Equivalent to @option{-l}.
-
-@item --noediting
-Do not use the @sc{gnu} Readline library (@pxref{Command Line Editing})
-to read command lines when the shell is interactive.
-
-@item --noprofile
-Don't load the system-wide startup file @file{/etc/profile}
-or any of the personal initialization files
-@file{~/.bash_profile}, @file{~/.bash_login}, or @file{~/.profile}
-when Bash is invoked as a login shell.
-
-@item --norc
-Don't read the @file{~/.bashrc} initialization file in an
-interactive shell. This is on by default if the shell is
-invoked as @code{sh}.
-
-@item --posix
-Change the behavior of Bash where the default operation differs
-from the @sc{posix} standard to match the standard. This
-is intended to make Bash behave as a strict superset of that
-standard. @xref{Bash POSIX Mode}, for a description of the Bash
-@sc{posix} mode.
-
-@item --restricted
-Make the shell a restricted shell (@pxref{The Restricted Shell}).
-
-@item --verbose
-Equivalent to @option{-v}. Print shell input lines as they're read.
-
-@item --version
-Show version information for this instance of
-Bash on the standard output and exit successfully.
-@end table
-
-There are several single-character options that may be supplied at
-invocation which are not available with the @code{set} builtin.
-
-@table @code
-@item -c
-Read and execute commands from the first non-option @var{argument}
-after processing the options, then exit.
-Any remaining arguments are assigned to the
-positional parameters, starting with @code{$0}.
-
-@item -i
-Force the shell to run interactively. Interactive shells are
-described in @ref{Interactive Shells}.
-
-@item -l
-Make this shell act as if it had been directly invoked by login.
-When the shell is interactive, this is equivalent to starting a
-login shell with @samp{exec -l bash}.
-When the shell is not interactive, the login shell startup files will
-be executed.
-@samp{exec bash -l} or @samp{exec bash --login}
-will replace the current shell with a Bash login shell.
-@xref{Bash Startup Files}, for a description of the special behavior
-of a login shell.
-
-@item -r
-Make the shell a restricted shell (@pxref{The Restricted Shell}).
-
-@item -s
-If this option is present, or if no arguments remain after option
-processing, then commands are read from the standard input.
-This option allows the positional parameters to be set
-when invoking an interactive shell.
-
-@item -D
-A list of all double-quoted strings preceded by @samp{$}
-is printed on the standard output.
-These are the strings that
-are subject to language translation when the current locale
-is not @code{C} or @code{POSIX} (@pxref{Locale Translation}).
-This implies the @option{-n} option; no commands will be executed.
-
-@item [-+]O [@var{shopt_option}]
-@var{shopt_option} is one of the shell options accepted by the
-@code{shopt} builtin (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}).
-If @var{shopt_option} is present, @option{-O} sets the value of that option;
-@option{+O} unsets it.
-If @var{shopt_option} is not supplied, the names and values of the shell
-options accepted by @code{shopt} are printed on the standard output.
-If the invocation option is @option{+O}, the output is displayed in a format
-that may be reused as input.
-
-@item --
-A @code{--} signals the end of options and disables further option
-processing.
-Any arguments after the @code{--} are treated as filenames and arguments.
-@end table
-
-@cindex login shell
-A @emph{login} shell is one whose first character of argument zero is
-@samp{-}, or one invoked with the @option{--login} option.
-
-@cindex interactive shell
-An @emph{interactive} shell is one started without non-option arguments,
-unless @option{-s} is specified,
-without specifying the @option{-c} option, and whose input and output are both
-connected to terminals (as determined by @code{isatty(3)}), or one
-started with the @option{-i} option. @xref{Interactive Shells}, for more
-information.
-
-If arguments remain after option processing, and neither the
-@option{-c} nor the @option{-s}
-option has been supplied, the first argument is assumed to
-be the name of a file containing shell commands (@pxref{Shell Scripts}).
-When Bash is invoked in this fashion, @code{$0}
-is set to the name of the file, and the positional parameters
-are set to the remaining arguments.
-Bash reads and executes commands from this file, then exits.
-Bash's exit status is the exit status of the last command executed
-in the script. If no commands are executed, the exit status is 0.
-
-@node Bash Startup Files
-@section Bash Startup Files
-@cindex startup files
-
-This section describes how Bash executes its startup files.
-If any of the files exist but cannot be read, Bash reports an error.
-Tildes are expanded in filenames as described above under
-Tilde Expansion (@pxref{Tilde Expansion}).
-
-Interactive shells are described in @ref{Interactive Shells}.
-
-@subsubheading Invoked as an interactive login shell, or with @option{--login}
-
-When Bash is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a
-non-interactive shell with the @option{--login} option, it first reads and
-executes commands from the file @file{/etc/profile}, if that file exists.
-After reading that file, it looks for @file{~/.bash_profile},
-@file{~/.bash_login}, and @file{~/.profile}, in that order, and reads
-and executes commands from the first one that exists and is readable.
-The @option{--noprofile} option may be used when the shell is started to
-inhibit this behavior.
-
-When a login shell exits, Bash reads and executes commands from
-the file @file{~/.bash_logout}, if it exists.
-
-@subsubheading Invoked as an interactive non-login shell
-
-When an interactive shell that is not a login shell is started, Bash
-reads and executes commands from @file{~/.bashrc}, if that file exists.
-This may be inhibited by using the @option{--norc} option.
-The @option{--rcfile @var{file}} option will force Bash to read and
-execute commands from @var{file} instead of @file{~/.bashrc}.
-
-So, typically, your @file{~/.bash_profile} contains the line
-@example
-@code{if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc; fi}
-@end example
-@noindent
-after (or before) any login-specific initializations.
-
-@subsubheading Invoked non-interactively
-
-When Bash is started non-interactively, to run a shell script,
-for example, it looks for the variable @env{BASH_ENV} in the environment,
-expands its value if it appears there, and uses the expanded value as
-the name of a file to read and execute. Bash behaves as if the
-following command were executed:
-@example
-@code{if [ -n "$BASH_ENV" ]; then . "$BASH_ENV"; fi}
-@end example
-@noindent
-but the value of the @env{PATH} variable is not used to search for the
-filename.
-
-As noted above, if a non-interactive shell is invoked with the
-@option{--login} option, Bash attempts to read and execute commands from the
-login shell startup files.
-
-@subsubheading Invoked with name @code{sh}
-
-If Bash is invoked with the name @code{sh}, it tries to mimic the
-startup behavior of historical versions of @code{sh} as closely as
-possible, while conforming to the @sc{posix} standard as well.
-
-When invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a non-interactive
-shell with the @option{--login} option, it first attempts to read
-and execute commands from @file{/etc/profile} and @file{~/.profile}, in
-that order.
-The @option{--noprofile} option may be used to inhibit this behavior.
-When invoked as an interactive shell with the name @code{sh}, Bash
-looks for the variable @env{ENV}, expands its value if it is defined,
-and uses the expanded value as the name of a file to read and execute.
-Since a shell invoked as @code{sh} does not attempt to read and execute
-commands from any other startup files, the @option{--rcfile} option has
-no effect.
-A non-interactive shell invoked with the name @code{sh} does not attempt
-to read any other startup files.
-
-When invoked as @code{sh}, Bash enters @sc{posix} mode after
-the startup files are read.
-
-@subsubheading Invoked in @sc{posix} mode
-
-When Bash is started in @sc{posix} mode, as with the
-@option{--posix} command line option, it follows the @sc{posix} standard
-for startup files.
-In this mode, interactive shells expand the @env{ENV} variable
-and commands are read and executed from the file whose name is the
-expanded value.
-No other startup files are read.
-
-@subsubheading Invoked by remote shell daemon
-
-Bash attempts to determine when it is being run with its standard input
-connected to a network connection, as when executed by the remote shell
-daemon, usually @code{rshd}, or the secure shell daemon @code{sshd}.
-If Bash determines it is being run in
-this fashion, it reads and executes commands from @file{~/.bashrc}, if that
-file exists and is readable.
-It will not do this if invoked as @code{sh}.
-The @option{--norc} option may be used to inhibit this behavior, and the
-@option{--rcfile} option may be used to force another file to be read, but
-neither @code{rshd} nor @code{sshd} generally invoke the shell with those
-options or allow them to be specified.
-
-@subsubheading Invoked with unequal effective and real @sc{uid/gid}s
-
-If Bash is started with the effective user (group) id not equal to the
-real user (group) id, and the @option{-p} option is not supplied, no startup
-files are read, shell functions are not inherited from the environment,
-the @env{SHELLOPTS}, @env{BASHOPTS}, @env{CDPATH}, and @env{GLOBIGNORE}
-variables, if they appear in the environment, are ignored, and the effective
-user id is set to the real user id.
-If the @option{-p} option is supplied at invocation, the startup behavior is
-the same, but the effective user id is not reset.
-
-@node Interactive Shells
-@section Interactive Shells
-@cindex interactive shell
-@cindex shell, interactive
-
-@menu
-* What is an Interactive Shell?:: What determines whether a shell is Interactive.
-* Is this Shell Interactive?:: How to tell if a shell is interactive.
-* Interactive Shell Behavior:: What changes in a interactive shell?
-@end menu
-
-@node What is an Interactive Shell?
-@subsection What is an Interactive Shell?
-
-An interactive shell
-is one started without non-option arguments, unless @option{-s} is
-specified, without specifying the @option{-c} option, and
-whose input and error output are both
-connected to terminals (as determined by @code{isatty(3)}),
-or one started with the @option{-i} option.
-
-An interactive shell generally reads from and writes to a user's
-terminal.
-
-The @option{-s} invocation option may be used to set the positional parameters
-when an interactive shell is started.
-
-@node Is this Shell Interactive?
-@subsection Is this Shell Interactive?
-
-To determine within a startup script whether or not Bash is
-running interactively,
-test the value of the @samp{-} special parameter.
-It contains @code{i} when the shell is interactive. For example:
-
-@example
-case "$-" in
-*i*) echo This shell is interactive ;;
-*) echo This shell is not interactive ;;
-esac
-@end example
-
-Alternatively, startup scripts may examine the variable
-@env{PS1}; it is unset in non-interactive shells, and set in
-interactive shells. Thus:
-
-@example
-if [ -z "$PS1" ]; then
- echo This shell is not interactive
-else
- echo This shell is interactive
-fi
-@end example
-
-@node Interactive Shell Behavior
-@subsection Interactive Shell Behavior
-
-When the shell is running interactively, it changes its behavior in
-several ways.
-
-@enumerate
-@item
-Startup files are read and executed as described in @ref{Bash Startup Files}.
-
-@item
-Job Control (@pxref{Job Control}) is enabled by default. When job
-control is in effect, Bash ignores the keyboard-generated job control
-signals @code{SIGTTIN}, @code{SIGTTOU}, and @code{SIGTSTP}.
-
-@item
-Bash expands and displays @env{PS1} before reading the first line
-of a command, and expands and displays @env{PS2} before reading the
-second and subsequent lines of a multi-line command.
-
-@item
-Bash executes the value of the @env{PROMPT_COMMAND} variable as a command
-before printing the primary prompt, @env{$PS1}
-(@pxref{Bash Variables}).
-
-@item
-Readline (@pxref{Command Line Editing}) is used to read commands from
-the user's terminal.
-
-@item
-Bash inspects the value of the @code{ignoreeof} option to @code{set -o}
-instead of exiting immediately when it receives an @code{EOF} on its
-standard input when reading a command (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
-
-@item
-Command history (@pxref{Bash History Facilities})
-and history expansion (@pxref{History Interaction})
-are enabled by default.
-Bash will save the command history to the file named by @env{$HISTFILE}
-when a shell with history enabled exits.
-
-@item
-Alias expansion (@pxref{Aliases}) is performed by default.
-
-@item
-In the absence of any traps, Bash ignores @code{SIGTERM}
-(@pxref{Signals}).
-
-@item
-In the absence of any traps, @code{SIGINT} is caught and handled
-((@pxref{Signals}).
-@code{SIGINT} will interrupt some shell builtins.
-
-@item
-An interactive login shell sends a @code{SIGHUP} to all jobs on exit
-if the @code{huponexit} shell option has been enabled (@pxref{Signals}).
-
-@item
-The @option{-n} invocation option is ignored, and @samp{set -n} has
-no effect (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
-
-@item
-Bash will check for mail periodically, depending on the values of the
-@env{MAIL}, @env{MAILPATH}, and @env{MAILCHECK} shell variables
-(@pxref{Bash Variables}).
-
-@item
-Expansion errors due to references to unbound shell variables after
-@samp{set -u} has been enabled will not cause the shell to exit
-(@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
-
-@item
-The shell will not exit on expansion errors caused by @var{var} being unset
-or null in @code{$@{@var{var}:?@var{word}@}} expansions
-(@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
-
-@item
-Redirection errors encountered by shell builtins will not cause the
-shell to exit.
-
-@item
-When running in @sc{posix} mode, a special builtin returning an error
-status will not cause the shell to exit (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}).
-
-@item
-A failed @code{exec} will not cause the shell to exit
-(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
-
-@item
-Parser syntax errors will not cause the shell to exit.
-
-@item
-Simple spelling correction for directory arguments to the @code{cd}
-builtin is enabled by default (see the description of the @code{cdspell}
-option to the @code{shopt} builtin in @ref{The Shopt Builtin}).
-
-@item
-The shell will check the value of the @env{TMOUT} variable and exit
-if a command is not read within the specified number of seconds after
-printing @env{$PS1} (@pxref{Bash Variables}).
-
-@end enumerate
-
-@node Bash Conditional Expressions
-@section Bash Conditional Expressions
-@cindex expressions, conditional
-
-Conditional expressions are used by the @code{[[} compound command
-and the @code{test} and @code{[} builtin commands.
-
-Expressions may be unary or binary.
-Unary expressions are often used to examine the status of a file.
-There are string operators and numeric comparison operators as well.
-If the @var{file} argument to one of the primaries is of the form
-@file{/dev/fd/@var{N}}, then file descriptor @var{N} is checked.
-If the @var{file} argument to one of the primaries is one of
-@file{/dev/stdin}, @file{/dev/stdout}, or @file{/dev/stderr}, file
-descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respectively, is checked.
-
-When used with @code{[[}, the @samp{<} and @samp{>} operators sort
-lexicographically using the current locale.
-The @code{test} command uses ASCII ordering.
-
-Unless otherwise specified, primaries that operate on files follow symbolic
-links and operate on the target of the link, rather than the link itself.
-
-@table @code
-@item -a @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists.
-
-@item -b @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and is a block special file.
-
-@item -c @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and is a character special file.
-
-@item -d @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and is a directory.
-
-@item -e @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists.
-
-@item -f @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and is a regular file.
-
-@item -g @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and its set-group-id bit is set.
-
-@item -h @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and is a symbolic link.
-
-@item -k @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and its "sticky" bit is set.
-
-@item -p @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and is a named pipe (FIFO).
-
-@item -r @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and is readable.
-
-@item -s @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and has a size greater than zero.
-
-@item -t @var{fd}
-True if file descriptor @var{fd} is open and refers to a terminal.
-
-@item -u @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and its set-user-id bit is set.
-
-@item -w @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and is writable.
-
-@item -x @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and is executable.
-
-@item -G @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and is owned by the effective group id.
-
-@item -L @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and is a symbolic link.
-
-@item -N @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and has been modified since it was last read.
-
-@item -O @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and is owned by the effective user id.
-
-@item -S @var{file}
-True if @var{file} exists and is a socket.
-
-@item @var{file1} -ef @var{file2}
-True if @var{file1} and @var{file2} refer to the same device and
-inode numbers.
-
-@item @var{file1} -nt @var{file2}
-True if @var{file1} is newer (according to modification date)
-than @var{file2}, or if @var{file1} exists and @var{file2} does not.
-
-@item @var{file1} -ot @var{file2}
-True if @var{file1} is older than @var{file2},
-or if @var{file2} exists and @var{file1} does not.
-
-@item -o @var{optname}
-True if the shell option @var{optname} is enabled.
-The list of options appears in the description of the @option{-o}
-option to the @code{set} builtin (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
-
-@item -v @var{varname}
-True if the shell variable @var{varname} is set (has been assigned a value).
-
-@item -R @var{varname}
-True if the shell variable @var{varname} is set and is a name reference.
-
-@item -z @var{string}
-True if the length of @var{string} is zero.
-
-@item -n @var{string}
-@itemx @var{string}
-True if the length of @var{string} is non-zero.
-
-@item @var{string1} == @var{string2}
-@itemx @var{string1} = @var{string2}
-True if the strings are equal.
-When used with the @code{[[} command, this performs pattern matching as
-described above (@pxref{Conditional Constructs}).
-
-@samp{=} should be used with the @code{test} command for @sc{posix} conformance.
-
-@item @var{string1} != @var{string2}
-True if the strings are not equal.
-
-@item @var{string1} < @var{string2}
-True if @var{string1} sorts before @var{string2} lexicographically.
-
-@item @var{string1} > @var{string2}
-True if @var{string1} sorts after @var{string2} lexicographically.
-
-@item @var{arg1} OP @var{arg2}
-@code{OP} is one of
-@samp{-eq}, @samp{-ne}, @samp{-lt}, @samp{-le}, @samp{-gt}, or @samp{-ge}.
-These arithmetic binary operators return true if @var{arg1}
-is equal to, not equal to, less than, less than or equal to,
-greater than, or greater than or equal to @var{arg2},
-respectively. @var{Arg1} and @var{arg2}
-may be positive or negative integers.
-@end table
-
-@node Shell Arithmetic
-@section Shell Arithmetic
-@cindex arithmetic, shell
-@cindex shell arithmetic
-@cindex expressions, arithmetic
-@cindex evaluation, arithmetic
-@cindex arithmetic evaluation
-
-The shell allows arithmetic expressions to be evaluated, as one of
-the shell expansions or by the @code{let} and the @option{-i} option
-to the @code{declare} builtins.
-
-Evaluation is done in fixed-width integers with no check for overflow,
-though division by 0 is trapped and flagged as an error.
-The operators and their precedence, associativity, and values
-are the same as in the C language.
-The following list of operators is grouped into levels of
-equal-precedence operators.
-The levels are listed in order of decreasing precedence.
-
-@table @code
-
-@item @var{id}++ @var{id}--
-variable post-increment and post-decrement
-
-@item ++@var{id} --@var{id}
-variable pre-increment and pre-decrement
-
-@item - +
-unary minus and plus
-
-@item ! ~
-logical and bitwise negation
-
-@item **
-exponentiation
-
-@item * / %
-multiplication, division, remainder
-
-@item + -
-addition, subtraction
-
-@item << >>
-left and right bitwise shifts
-
-@item <= >= < >
-comparison
-
-@item == !=
-equality and inequality
-
-@item &
-bitwise AND
-
-@item ^
-bitwise exclusive OR
-
-@item |
-bitwise OR
-
-@item &&
-logical AND
-
-@item ||
-logical OR
-
-@item expr ? expr : expr
-conditional operator
-
-@item = *= /= %= += -= <<= >>= &= ^= |=
-assignment
-
-@item expr1 , expr2
-comma
-@end table
-
-Shell variables are allowed as operands; parameter expansion is
-performed before the expression is evaluated.
-Within an expression, shell variables may also be referenced by name
-without using the parameter expansion syntax.
-A shell variable that is null or unset evaluates to 0 when referenced
-by name without using the parameter expansion syntax.
-The value of a variable is evaluated as an arithmetic expression
-when it is referenced, or when a variable which has been given the
-@var{integer} attribute using @samp{declare -i} is assigned a value.
-A null value evaluates to 0.
-A shell variable need not have its @var{integer} attribute turned on
-to be used in an expression.
-
-Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.
-A leading @samp{0x} or @samp{0X} denotes hexadecimal. Otherwise,
-numbers take the form [@var{base}@code{#}]@var{n}, where the optional @var{base}
-is a decimal number between 2 and 64 representing the arithmetic
-base, and @var{n} is a number in that base.
-If @var{base}@code{#} is omitted, then base 10 is used.
-When specifying @var{n},
-he digits greater than 9 are represented by the lowercase letters,
-the uppercase letters, @samp{@@}, and @samp{_}, in that order.
-If @var{base} is less than or equal to 36, lowercase and uppercase
-letters may be used interchangeably to represent numbers between 10
-and 35.
-
-Operators are evaluated in order of precedence. Sub-expressions in
-parentheses are evaluated first and may override the precedence
-rules above.
-
-@node Aliases
-@section Aliases
-@cindex alias expansion
-
-@var{Aliases} allow a string to be substituted for a word when it is used
-as the first word of a simple command.
-The shell maintains a list of aliases that may be set and unset with
-the @code{alias} and @code{unalias} builtin commands.
-
-The first word of each simple command, if unquoted, is checked to see
-if it has an alias.
-If so, that word is replaced by the text of the alias.
-The characters @samp{/}, @samp{$}, @samp{`}, @samp{=} and any of the
-shell metacharacters or quoting characters listed above may not appear
-in an alias name.
-The replacement text may contain any valid
-shell input, including shell metacharacters.
-The first word of the replacement text is tested for
-aliases, but a word that is identical to an alias being expanded
-is not expanded a second time.
-This means that one may alias @code{ls} to @code{"ls -F"},
-for instance, and Bash does not try to recursively expand the
-replacement text.
-If the last character of the alias value is a
-@var{blank}, then the next command word following the
-alias is also checked for alias expansion.
-
-Aliases are created and listed with the @code{alias}
-command, and removed with the @code{unalias} command.
-
-There is no mechanism for using arguments in the replacement text,
-as in @code{csh}.
-If arguments are needed, a shell function should be used
-(@pxref{Shell Functions}).
-
-Aliases are not expanded when the shell is not interactive,
-unless the @code{expand_aliases} shell option is set using
-@code{shopt} (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}).
-
-The rules concerning the definition and use of aliases are
-somewhat confusing. Bash
-always reads at least one complete line
-of input before executing any
-of the commands on that line. Aliases are expanded when a
-command is read, not when it is executed. Therefore, an
-alias definition appearing on the same line as another
-command does not take effect until the next line of input is read.
-The commands following the alias definition
-on that line are not affected by the new alias.
-This behavior is also an issue when functions are executed.
-Aliases are expanded when a function definition is read,
-not when the function is executed, because a function definition
-is itself a compound command. As a consequence, aliases
-defined in a function are not available until after that
-function is executed. To be safe, always put
-alias definitions on a separate line, and do not use @code{alias}
-in compound commands.
-
-For almost every purpose, shell functions are preferred over aliases.
-
-@node Arrays
-@section Arrays
-@cindex arrays
-
-Bash provides one-dimensional indexed and associative array variables.
-Any variable may be used as an indexed array;
-the @code{declare} builtin will explicitly declare an array.
-There is no maximum
-limit on the size of an array, nor any requirement that members
-be indexed or assigned contiguously.
-Indexed arrays are referenced using integers (including arithmetic
-expressions (@pxref{Shell Arithmetic})) and are zero-based;
-associative arrays use arbitrary strings.
-Unless otherwise noted, indexed array indices must be non-negative integers.
-
-An indexed array is created automatically if any variable is assigned to
-using the syntax
-@example
-@var{name}[@var{subscript}]=@var{value}
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-The @var{subscript}
-is treated as an arithmetic expression that must evaluate to a number.
-To explicitly declare an array, use
-@example
-declare -a @var{name}
-@end example
-@noindent
-The syntax
-@example
-declare -a @var{name}[@var{subscript}]
-@end example
-@noindent
-is also accepted; the @var{subscript} is ignored.
-
-@noindent
-Associative arrays are created using
-@example
-declare -A @var{name}.
-@end example
-
-Attributes may be
-specified for an array variable using the @code{declare} and
-@code{readonly} builtins. Each attribute applies to all members of
-an array.
-
-Arrays are assigned to using compound assignments of the form
-@example
-@var{name}=(@var{value1} @var{value2} @dots{} )
-@end example
-@noindent
-where each
-@var{value} is of the form @code{[@var{subscript}]=}@var{string}.
-Indexed array assignments do not require anything but @var{string}.
-When assigning to indexed arrays, if
-the optional subscript is supplied, that index is assigned to;
-otherwise the index of the element assigned is the last index assigned
-to by the statement plus one. Indexing starts at zero.
-
-When assigning to an associative array, the subscript is required.
-
-This syntax is also accepted by the @code{declare}
-builtin. Individual array elements may be assigned to using the
-@code{@var{name}[@var{subscript}]=@var{value}} syntax introduced above.
-
-When assigning to an indexed array, if @var{name}
-is subscripted by a negative number, that number is
-interpreted as relative to one greater than the maximum index of
-@var{name}, so negative indices count back from the end of the
-array, and an index of -1 references the last element.
-
-Any element of an array may be referenced using
-@code{$@{@var{name}[@var{subscript}]@}}.
-The braces are required to avoid
-conflicts with the shell's filename expansion operators. If the
-@var{subscript} is @samp{@@} or @samp{*}, the word expands to all members
-of the array @var{name}. These subscripts differ only when the word
-appears within double quotes.
-If the word is double-quoted,
-@code{$@{@var{name}[*]@}} expands to a single word with
-the value of each array member separated by the first character of the
-@env{IFS} variable, and @code{$@{@var{name}[@@]@}} expands each element of
-@var{name} to a separate word. When there are no array members,
-@code{$@{@var{name}[@@]@}} expands to nothing.
-If the double-quoted expansion occurs within a word, the expansion of
-the first parameter is joined with the beginning part of the original
-word, and the expansion of the last parameter is joined with the last
-part of the original word.
-This is analogous to the
-expansion of the special parameters @samp{@@} and @samp{*}.
-@code{$@{#@var{name}[@var{subscript}]@}} expands to the length of
-@code{$@{@var{name}[@var{subscript}]@}}.
-If @var{subscript} is @samp{@@} or
-@samp{*}, the expansion is the number of elements in the array.
-Referencing an array variable without a subscript is equivalent to
-referencing with a subscript of 0.
-If the @var{subscript}
-used to reference an element of an indexed array
-evaluates to a number less than zero, it is
-interpreted as relative to one greater than the maximum index of the array,
-so negative indices count back from the end of the array,
-and an index of -1 refers to the last element.
-
-An array variable is considered set if a subscript has been assigned a
-value. The null string is a valid value.
-
-It is possible to obtain the keys (indices) of an array as well as the values.
-$@{!@var{name}[@@]@} and $@{!@var{name}[*]@} expand to the indices
-assigned in array variable @var{name}.
-The treatment when in double quotes is similar to the expansion of the
-special parameters @samp{@@} and @samp{*} within double quotes.
-
-The @code{unset} builtin is used to destroy arrays.
-@code{unset @var{name}[@var{subscript}]}
-destroys the array element at index @var{subscript}.
-Negative subscripts to indexed arrays are interpreted as described above.
-Care must be taken to avoid unwanted side effects caused by filename
-expansion.
-@code{unset @var{name}}, where @var{name} is an array, removes the
-entire array. A subscript of @samp{*} or @samp{@@} also removes the
-entire array.
-
-The @code{declare}, @code{local}, and @code{readonly}
-builtins each accept a @option{-a} option to specify an indexed
-array and a @option{-A} option to specify an associative array.
-If both options are supplied, @option{-A} takes precedence.
-The @code{read} builtin accepts a @option{-a}
-option to assign a list of words read from the standard input
-to an array, and can read values from the standard input into
-individual array elements. The @code{set} and @code{declare}
-builtins display array values in a way that allows them to be
-reused as input.
-
-@node The Directory Stack
-@section The Directory Stack
-@cindex directory stack
-
-@menu
-* Directory Stack Builtins:: Bash builtin commands to manipulate
- the directory stack.
-@end menu
-
-The directory stack is a list of recently-visited directories. The
-@code{pushd} builtin adds directories to the stack as it changes
-the current directory, and the @code{popd} builtin removes specified
-directories from the stack and changes the current directory to
-the directory removed. The @code{dirs} builtin displays the contents
-of the directory stack.
-
-The contents of the directory stack are also visible
-as the value of the @env{DIRSTACK} shell variable.
-
-@node Directory Stack Builtins
-@subsection Directory Stack Builtins
-
-@table @code
-
-@item dirs
-@btindex dirs
-@example
-dirs [-clpv] [+@var{N} | -@var{N}]
-@end example
-
-Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories
-are added to the list with the @code{pushd} command; the
-@code{popd} command removes directories from the list.
-
-@table @code
-@item -c
-Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the elements.
-@item -l
-Produces a listing using full pathnames;
-the default listing format uses a tilde to denote the home directory.
-@item -p
-Causes @code{dirs} to print the directory stack with one entry per
-line.
-@item -v
-Causes @code{dirs} to print the directory stack with one entry per
-line, prefixing each entry with its index in the stack.
-@item +@var{N}
-Displays the @var{N}th directory (counting from the left of the
-list printed by @code{dirs} when invoked without options), starting
-with zero.
-@item -@var{N}
-Displays the @var{N}th directory (counting from the right of the
-list printed by @code{dirs} when invoked without options), starting
-with zero.
-@end table
-
-@item popd
-@btindex popd
-@example
-popd [-n] [+@var{N} | -@var{N}]
-@end example
-
-Remove the top entry from the directory stack, and @code{cd}
-to the new top directory.
-When no arguments are given, @code{popd}
-removes the top directory from the stack and
-performs a @code{cd} to the new top directory. The
-elements are numbered from 0 starting at the first directory listed with
-@code{dirs}; that is, @code{popd} is equivalent to @code{popd +0}.
-
-@table @code
-@item -n
-Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing directories
-from the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
-@item +@var{N}
-Removes the @var{N}th directory (counting from the left of the
-list printed by @code{dirs}), starting with zero.
-@item -@var{N}
-Removes the @var{N}th directory (counting from the right of the
-list printed by @code{dirs}), starting with zero.
-@end table
-
-@btindex pushd
-@item pushd
-@example
-pushd [-n] [@var{+N} | @var{-N} | @var{dir}]
-@end example
-
-Save the current directory on the top of the directory stack
-and then @code{cd} to @var{dir}.
-With no arguments, @code{pushd} exchanges the top two directories.
-
-@table @code
-@item -n
-Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories
-to the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
-@item +@var{N}
-Brings the @var{N}th directory (counting from the left of the
-list printed by @code{dirs}, starting with zero) to the top of
-the list by rotating the stack.
-@item -@var{N}
-Brings the @var{N}th directory (counting from the right of the
-list printed by @code{dirs}, starting with zero) to the top of
-the list by rotating the stack.
-@item @var{dir}
-Makes the current working directory be the top of the stack, making
-it the new current directory as if it had been supplied as an argument
-to the @code{cd} builtin.
-@end table
-@end table
-
-@node Controlling the Prompt
-@section Controlling the Prompt
-@cindex prompting
-
-The value of the variable @env{PROMPT_COMMAND} is examined just before
-Bash prints each primary prompt. If @env{PROMPT_COMMAND} is set and
-has a non-null value, then the
-value is executed just as if it had been typed on the command line.
-
-In addition, the following table describes the special characters which
-can appear in the prompt variables @env{PS1} to @env{PS4}:
-
-@table @code
-@item \a
-A bell character.
-@item \d
-The date, in "Weekday Month Date" format (e.g., "Tue May 26").
-@item \D@{@var{format}@}
-The @var{format} is passed to @code{strftime}(3) and the result is inserted
-into the prompt string; an empty @var{format} results in a locale-specific
-time representation. The braces are required.
-@item \e
-An escape character.
-@item \h
-The hostname, up to the first `.'.
-@item \H
-The hostname.
-@item \j
-The number of jobs currently managed by the shell.
-@item \l
-The basename of the shell's terminal device name.
-@item \n
-A newline.
-@item \r
-A carriage return.
-@item \s
-The name of the shell, the basename of @code{$0} (the portion
-following the final slash).
-@item \t
-The time, in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format.
-@item \T
-The time, in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format.
-@item \@@
-The time, in 12-hour am/pm format.
-@item \A
-The time, in 24-hour HH:MM format.
-@item \u
-The username of the current user.
-@item \v
-The version of Bash (e.g., 2.00)
-@item \V
-The release of Bash, version + patchlevel (e.g., 2.00.0)
-@item \w
-The current working directory, with @env{$HOME} abbreviated with a tilde
-(uses the @env{$PROMPT_DIRTRIM} variable).
-@item \W
-The basename of @env{$PWD}, with @env{$HOME} abbreviated with a tilde.
-@item \!
-The history number of this command.
-@item \#
-The command number of this command.
-@item \$
-If the effective uid is 0, @code{#}, otherwise @code{$}.
-@item \@var{nnn}
-The character whose ASCII code is the octal value @var{nnn}.
-@item \\
-A backslash.
-@item \[
-Begin a sequence of non-printing characters. This could be used to
-embed a terminal control sequence into the prompt.
-@item \]
-End a sequence of non-printing characters.
-@end table
-
-The command number and the history number are usually different:
-the history number of a command is its position in the history
-list, which may include commands restored from the history file
-(@pxref{Bash History Facilities}), while the command number is
-the position in the sequence of commands executed during the current
-shell session.
-
-After the string is decoded, it is expanded via
-parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic
-expansion, and quote removal, subject to the value of the
-@code{promptvars} shell option (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
-
-@node The Restricted Shell
-@section The Restricted Shell
-@cindex restricted shell
-
-If Bash is started with the name @code{rbash}, or the
-@option{--restricted}
-or
-@option{-r}
-option is supplied at invocation, the shell becomes restricted.
-A restricted shell is used to
-set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell.
-A restricted shell behaves identically to @code{bash}
-with the exception that the following are disallowed or not performed:
-
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-Changing directories with the @code{cd} builtin.
-@item
-Setting or unsetting the values of the @env{SHELL}, @env{PATH},
-@env{ENV}, or @env{BASH_ENV} variables.
-@item
-Specifying command names containing slashes.
-@item
-Specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the @code{.}
-builtin command.
-@item
-Specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the @option{-p}
-option to the @code{hash} builtin command.
-@item
-Importing function definitions from the shell environment at startup.
-@item
-Parsing the value of @env{SHELLOPTS} from the shell environment at startup.
-@item
-Redirecting output using the @samp{>}, @samp{>|}, @samp{<>}, @samp{>&},
-@samp{&>}, and @samp{>>} redirection operators.
-@item
-Using the @code{exec} builtin to replace the shell with another command.
-@item
-Adding or deleting builtin commands with the
-@option{-f} and @option{-d} options to the @code{enable} builtin.
-@item
-Using the @code{enable} builtin command to enable disabled shell builtins.
-@item
-Specifying the @option{-p} option to the @code{command} builtin.
-@item
-Turning off restricted mode with @samp{set +r} or @samp{set +o restricted}.
-@end itemize
-
-These restrictions are enforced after any startup files are read.
-
-When a command that is found to be a shell script is executed
-(@pxref{Shell Scripts}), @code{rbash} turns off any restrictions in
-the shell spawned to execute the script.
-
-@node Bash POSIX Mode
-@section Bash POSIX Mode
-@cindex POSIX Mode
-
-Starting Bash with the @option{--posix} command-line option or executing
-@samp{set -o posix} while Bash is running will cause Bash to conform more
-closely to the @sc{posix} standard by changing the behavior to
-match that specified by @sc{posix} in areas where the Bash default differs.
-
-When invoked as @code{sh}, Bash enters @sc{posix} mode after reading the
-startup files.
-
-The following list is what's changed when `@sc{posix} mode' is in effect:
-
-@enumerate
-@item
-When a command in the hash table no longer exists, Bash will re-search
-@env{$PATH} to find the new location. This is also available with
-@samp{shopt -s checkhash}.
-
-@item
-The message printed by the job control code and builtins when a job
-exits with a non-zero status is `Done(status)'.
-
-@item
-The message printed by the job control code and builtins when a job
-is stopped is `Stopped(@var{signame})', where @var{signame} is, for
-example, @code{SIGTSTP}.
-
-@item
-The @code{bg} builtin uses the required format to describe each job placed
-in the background, which does not include an indication of whether the job
-is the current or previous job.
-
-@item
-Reserved words appearing in a context where reserved words are recognized
-do not undergo alias expansion.
-
-@item
-The @sc{posix} @env{PS1} and @env{PS2} expansions of @samp{!} to
-the history number and @samp{!!} to @samp{!} are enabled,
-and parameter expansion is performed on the values of @env{PS1} and
-@env{PS2} regardless of the setting of the @code{promptvars} option.
-
-@item
-The @sc{posix} startup files are executed (@env{$ENV}) rather than
-the normal Bash files.
-
-@item
-Tilde expansion is only performed on assignments preceding a command
-name, rather than on all assignment statements on the line.
-
-@item
-The @code{command} builtin does not prevent builtins that take assignment
-statements as arguments from expanding them as assignment statements;
-when not in @sc{posix} mode, assignment builtins lose their assignment
-statement expansion properties when preceded by @code{command}.
-
-@item
-The default history file is @file{~/.sh_history} (this is the
-default value of @env{$HISTFILE}).
-
-@item
-The output of @samp{kill -l} prints all the signal names on a single line,
-separated by spaces, without the @samp{SIG} prefix.
-
-@item
-The @code{kill} builtin does not accept signal names with a @samp{SIG}
-prefix.
-
-@item
-Non-interactive shells exit if @var{filename} in @code{.} @var{filename}
-is not found.
-
-@item
-Non-interactive shells exit if a syntax error in an arithmetic expansion
-results in an invalid expression.
-
-@item
-Non-interactive shells exit if there is a syntax error in a script read
-with the @code{.} or @code{source} builtins, or in a string processed by
-the @code{eval} builtin.
-
-@item
-Redirection operators do not perform filename expansion on the word
-in the redirection unless the shell is interactive.
-
-@item
-Redirection operators do not perform word splitting on the word in the
-redirection.
-
-@item
-Function names must be valid shell @code{name}s. That is, they may not
-contain characters other than letters, digits, and underscores, and
-may not start with a digit. Declaring a function with an invalid name
-causes a fatal syntax error in non-interactive shells.
-
-@item
-Function names may not be the same as one of the @sc{posix} special
-builtins.
-
-@item
-@sc{posix} special builtins are found before shell functions
-during command lookup.
-
-@item
-The @code{time} reserved word may be used by itself as a command. When
-used in this way, it displays timing statistics for the shell and its
-completed children. The @env{TIMEFORMAT} variable controls the format
-of the timing information.
-
-@item
-When parsing and expanding a $@{@dots{}@} expansion that appears within
-double quotes, single quotes are no longer special and cannot be used to
-quote a closing brace or other special character, unless the operator is
-one of those defined to perform pattern removal. In this case, they do
-not have to appear as matched pairs.
-
-@item
-The parser does not recognize @code{time} as a reserved word if the next
-token begins with a @samp{-}.
-
-@item
-If a @sc{posix} special builtin returns an error status, a
-non-interactive shell exits. The fatal errors are those listed in
-the @sc{posix} standard, and include things like passing incorrect options,
-redirection errors, variable assignment errors for assignments preceding
-the command name, and so on.
-
-@item
-A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if a variable
-assignment error occurs when no command name follows the assignment
-statements.
-A variable assignment error occurs, for example, when trying to assign
-a value to a readonly variable.
-
-@item
-A non-interactive shell exists with an error status if a variable
-assignment error occurs in an assignment statement preceding a special
-builtin, but not with any other simple command.
-
-@item
-A non-interactive shell exits with an error status if the iteration
-variable in a @code{for} statement or the selection variable in a
-@code{select} statement is a readonly variable.
-
-@item
-Process substitution is not available.
-
-@item
-While variable indirection is available, it may not be applied to the
-@samp{#} and @samp{?} special parameters.
-
-@item
-Assignment statements preceding @sc{posix} special builtins
-persist in the shell environment after the builtin completes.
-
-@item
-Assignment statements preceding shell function calls persist in the
-shell environment after the function returns, as if a @sc{posix}
-special builtin command had been executed.
-
-@item
-The @code{export} and @code{readonly} builtin commands display their
-output in the format required by @sc{posix}.
-
-@item
-The @code{trap} builtin displays signal names without the leading
-@code{SIG}.
-
-@item
-The @code{trap} builtin doesn't check the first argument for a possible
-signal specification and revert the signal handling to the original
-disposition if it is, unless that argument consists solely of digits and
-is a valid signal number. If users want to reset the handler for a given
-signal to the original disposition, they should use @samp{-} as the
-first argument.
-
-@item
-The @code{.} and @code{source} builtins do not search the current directory
-for the filename argument if it is not found by searching @env{PATH}.
-
-@item
-Subshells spawned to execute command substitutions inherit the value of
-the @option{-e} option from the parent shell. When not in @sc{posix} mode,
-Bash clears the @option{-e} option in such subshells.
-
-@item
-Alias expansion is always enabled, even in non-interactive shells.
-
-@item
-When the @code{alias} builtin displays alias definitions, it does not
-display them with a leading @samp{alias } unless the @option{-p} option
-is supplied.
-
-@item
-When the @code{set} builtin is invoked without options, it does not display
-shell function names and definitions.
-
-@item
-When the @code{set} builtin is invoked without options, it displays
-variable values without quotes, unless they contain shell metacharacters,
-even if the result contains nonprinting characters.
-
-@item
-When the @code{cd} builtin is invoked in @var{logical} mode, and the pathname
-constructed from @code{$PWD} and the directory name supplied as an argument
-does not refer to an existing directory, @code{cd} will fail instead of
-falling back to @var{physical} mode.
-
-@item
-The @code{pwd} builtin verifies that the value it prints is the same as the
-current directory, even if it is not asked to check the file system with the
-@option{-P} option.
-
-@item
-When listing the history, the @code{fc} builtin does not include an
-indication of whether or not a history entry has been modified.
-
-@item
-The default editor used by @code{fc} is @code{ed}.
-
-@item
-The @code{type} and @code{command} builtins will not report a non-executable
-file as having been found, though the shell will attempt to execute such a
-file if it is the only so-named file found in @code{$PATH}.
-
-@item
-The @code{vi} editing mode will invoke the @code{vi} editor directly when
-the @samp{v} command is run, instead of checking @code{$VISUAL} and
-@code{$EDITOR}.
-
-@item
-When the @code{xpg_echo} option is enabled, Bash does not attempt to interpret
-any arguments to @code{echo} as options. Each argument is displayed, after
-escape characters are converted.
-
-@item
-The @code{ulimit} builtin uses a block size of 512 bytes for the @option{-c}
-and @option{-f} options.
-
-@item
-The arrival of @code{SIGCHLD} when a trap is set on @code{SIGCHLD} does
-not interrupt the @code{wait} builtin and cause it to return immediately.
-The trap command is run once for each child that exits.
-
-@item
-The @code{read} builtin may be interrupted by a signal for which a trap
-has been set.
-If Bash receives a trapped signal while executing @code{read}, the trap
-handler executes and @code{read} returns an exit status greater than 128.
-
-@end enumerate
-
-There is other @sc{posix} behavior that Bash does not implement by
-default even when in @sc{posix} mode.
-Specifically:
-
-@enumerate
-
-@item
-The @code{fc} builtin checks @code{$EDITOR} as a program to edit history
-entries if @code{FCEDIT} is unset, rather than defaulting directly to
-@code{ed}. @code{fc} uses @code{ed} if @code{EDITOR} is unset.
-
-@item
-As noted above, Bash requires the @code{xpg_echo} option to be enabled for
-the @code{echo} builtin to be fully conformant.
-
-@end enumerate
-
-Bash can be configured to be @sc{posix}-conformant by default, by specifying
-the @option{--enable-strict-posix-default} to @code{configure} when building
-(@pxref{Optional Features}).
-
-@node Job Control
-@chapter Job Control
-
-This chapter discusses what job control is, how it works, and how
-Bash allows you to access its facilities.
-
-@menu
-* Job Control Basics:: How job control works.
-* Job Control Builtins:: Bash builtin commands used to interact
- with job control.
-* Job Control Variables:: Variables Bash uses to customize job
- control.
-@end menu
-
-@node Job Control Basics
-@section Job Control Basics
-@cindex job control
-@cindex foreground
-@cindex background
-@cindex suspending jobs
-
-Job control
-refers to the ability to selectively stop (suspend)
-the execution of processes and continue (resume)
-their execution at a later point. A user typically employs
-this facility via an interactive interface supplied jointly
-by the operating system kernel's terminal driver and Bash.
-
-The shell associates a @var{job} with each pipeline. It keeps a
-table of currently executing jobs, which may be listed with the
-@code{jobs} command. When Bash starts a job
-asynchronously, it prints a line that looks
-like:
-@example
-[1] 25647
-@end example
-@noindent
-indicating that this job is job number 1 and that the process @sc{id}
-of the last process in the pipeline associated with this job is
-25647. All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of
-the same job. Bash uses the @var{job} abstraction as the
-basis for job control.
-
-To facilitate the implementation of the user interface to job
-control, the operating system maintains the notion of a current terminal
-process group @sc{id}. Members of this process group (processes whose
-process group @sc{id} is equal to the current terminal process group
-@sc{id}) receive keyboard-generated signals such as @code{SIGINT}.
-These processes are said to be in the foreground. Background
-processes are those whose process group @sc{id} differs from the
-terminal's; such processes are immune to keyboard-generated
-signals. Only foreground processes are allowed to read from or, if
-the user so specifies with @code{stty tostop}, write to the terminal.
-Background processes which attempt to
-read from (write to when @code{stty tostop} is in effect) the
-terminal are sent a @code{SIGTTIN} (@code{SIGTTOU})
-signal by the kernel's terminal driver,
-which, unless caught, suspends the process.
-
-If the operating system on which Bash is running supports
-job control, Bash contains facilities to use it. Typing the
-@var{suspend} character (typically @samp{^Z}, Control-Z) while a
-process is running causes that process to be stopped and returns
-control to Bash. Typing the @var{delayed suspend} character
-(typically @samp{^Y}, Control-Y) causes the process to be stopped
-when it attempts to read input from the terminal, and control to
-be returned to Bash. The user then manipulates the state of
-this job, using the @code{bg} command to continue it in the
-background, the @code{fg} command to continue it in the
-foreground, or the @code{kill} command to kill it. A @samp{^Z}
-takes effect immediately, and has the additional side effect of
-causing pending output and typeahead to be discarded.
-
-There are a number of ways to refer to a job in the shell. The
-character @samp{%} introduces a job specification (@var{jobspec}).
-
-Job number @code{n} may be referred to as @samp{%n}.
-The symbols @samp{%%} and @samp{%+} refer to the shell's notion of the
-current job, which is the last job stopped while it was in the foreground
-or started in the background.
-A single @samp{%} (with no accompanying job specification) also refers
-to the current job.
-The previous job may be referenced using @samp{%-}.
-If there is only a single job, @samp{%+} and @samp{%-} can both be used
-to refer to that job.
-In output pertaining to jobs (e.g., the output of the @code{jobs}
-command), the current job is always flagged with a @samp{+}, and the
-previous job with a @samp{-}.
-
-A job may also be referred to
-using a prefix of the name used to start it, or using a substring
-that appears in its command line. For example, @samp{%ce} refers
-to a stopped @code{ce} job. Using @samp{%?ce}, on the
-other hand, refers to any job containing the string @samp{ce} in
-its command line. If the prefix or substring matches more than one job,
-Bash reports an error.
-
-Simply naming a job can be used to bring it into the foreground:
-@samp{%1} is a synonym for @samp{fg %1}, bringing job 1 from the
-background into the foreground. Similarly, @samp{%1 &} resumes
-job 1 in the background, equivalent to @samp{bg %1}
-
-The shell learns immediately whenever a job changes state.
-Normally, Bash waits until it is about to print a prompt
-before reporting changes in a job's status so as to not interrupt
-any other output.
-If the @option{-b} option to the @code{set} builtin is enabled,
-Bash reports such changes immediately (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
-Any trap on @code{SIGCHLD} is executed for each child process
-that exits.
-
-If an attempt to exit Bash is made while jobs are stopped, (or running, if
-the @code{checkjobs} option is enabled -- see @ref{The Shopt Builtin}), the
-shell prints a warning message, and if the @code{checkjobs} option is
-enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses.
-The @code{jobs} command may then be used to inspect their status.
-If a second attempt to exit is made without an intervening command,
-Bash does not print another warning, and any stopped jobs are terminated.
-
-@node Job Control Builtins
-@section Job Control Builtins
-
-@table @code
-
-@item bg
-@btindex bg
-@example
-bg [@var{jobspec} @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-Resume each suspended job @var{jobspec} in the background, as if it
-had been started with @samp{&}.
-If @var{jobspec} is not supplied, the current job is used.
-The return status is zero unless it is run when job control is not
-enabled, or, when run with job control enabled, any
-@var{jobspec} was not found or specifies a job
-that was started without job control.
-
-@item fg
-@btindex fg
-@example
-fg [@var{jobspec}]
-@end example
-
-Resume the job @var{jobspec} in the foreground and make it the current job.
-If @var{jobspec} is not supplied, the current job is used.
-The return status is that of the command placed into the foreground,
-or non-zero if run when job control is disabled or, when run with
-job control enabled, @var{jobspec} does not specify a valid job or
-@var{jobspec} specifies a job that was started without job control.
-
-@item jobs
-@btindex jobs
-@example
-jobs [-lnprs] [@var{jobspec}]
-jobs -x @var{command} [@var{arguments}]
-@end example
-
-The first form lists the active jobs. The options have the
-following meanings:
-
-@table @code
-@item -l
-List process @sc{id}s in addition to the normal information.
-
-@item -n
-Display information only about jobs that have changed status since
-the user was last notified of their status.
-
-@item -p
-List only the process @sc{id} of the job's process group leader.
-
-@item -r
-Display only running jobs.
-
-@item -s
-Display only stopped jobs.
-@end table
-
-If @var{jobspec} is given,
-output is restricted to information about that job.
-If @var{jobspec} is not supplied, the status of all jobs is
-listed.
-
-If the @option{-x} option is supplied, @code{jobs} replaces any
-@var{jobspec} found in @var{command} or @var{arguments} with the
-corresponding process group @sc{id}, and executes @var{command},
-passing it @var{argument}s, returning its exit status.
-
-@item kill
-@btindex kill
-@example
-kill [-s @var{sigspec}] [-n @var{signum}] [-@var{sigspec}] @var{jobspec} or @var{pid}
-kill -l [@var{exit_status}]
-@end example
-
-Send a signal specified by @var{sigspec} or @var{signum} to the process
-named by job specification @var{jobspec} or process @sc{id} @var{pid}.
-@var{sigspec} is either a case-insensitive signal name such as
-@code{SIGINT} (with or without the @code{SIG} prefix)
-or a signal number; @var{signum} is a signal number.
-If @var{sigspec} and @var{signum} are not present, @code{SIGTERM} is used.
-The @option{-l} option lists the signal names.
-If any arguments are supplied when @option{-l} is given, the names of the
-signals corresponding to the arguments are listed, and the return status
-is zero.
-@var{exit_status} is a number specifying a signal number or the exit
-status of a process terminated by a signal.
-The return status is zero if at least one signal was successfully sent,
-or non-zero if an error occurs or an invalid option is encountered.
-
-@item wait
-@btindex wait
-@example
-wait [-n] [@var{jobspec} or @var{pid} @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-Wait until the child process specified by each process @sc{id} @var{pid}
-or job specification @var{jobspec} exits and return the exit status of the
-last command waited for.
-If a job spec is given, all processes in the job are waited for.
-If no arguments are given, all currently active child processes are
-waited for, and the return status is zero.
-If the @option{-n} option is supplied, @code{wait} waits for any job to
-terminate and returns its exit status.
-If neither @var{jobspec} nor @var{pid} specifies an active child process
-of the shell, the return status is 127.
-
-@item disown
-@btindex disown
-@example
-disown [-ar] [-h] [@var{jobspec} @dots{}]
-@end example
-
-Without options, remove each @var{jobspec} from the table of
-active jobs.
-If the @option{-h} option is given, the job is not removed from the table,
-but is marked so that @code{SIGHUP} is not sent to the job if the shell
-receives a @code{SIGHUP}.
-If @var{jobspec} is not present, and neither the @option{-a} nor the
-@option{-r} option is supplied, the current job is used.
-If no @var{jobspec} is supplied, the @option{-a} option means to remove or
-mark all jobs; the @option{-r} option without a @var{jobspec}
-argument restricts operation to running jobs.
-
-@item suspend
-@btindex suspend
-@example
-suspend [-f]
-@end example
-
-Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a
-@code{SIGCONT} signal.
-A login shell cannot be suspended; the @option{-f}
-option can be used to override this and force the suspension.
-@end table
-
-When job control is not active, the @code{kill} and @code{wait}
-builtins do not accept @var{jobspec} arguments. They must be
-supplied process @sc{id}s.
-
-@node Job Control Variables
-@section Job Control Variables
-
-@vtable @code
-
-@item auto_resume
-This variable controls how the shell interacts with the user and
-job control. If this variable exists then single word simple
-commands without redirections are treated as candidates for resumption
-of an existing job. There is no ambiguity allowed; if there is
-more than one job beginning with the string typed, then
-the most recently accessed job will be selected.
-The name of a stopped job, in this context, is the command line
-used to start it. If this variable is set to the value @samp{exact},
-the string supplied must match the name of a stopped job exactly;
-if set to @samp{substring},
-the string supplied needs to match a substring of the name of a
-stopped job. The @samp{substring} value provides functionality
-analogous to the @samp{%?} job @sc{id} (@pxref{Job Control Basics}).
-If set to any other value, the supplied string must
-be a prefix of a stopped job's name; this provides functionality
-analogous to the @samp{%} job @sc{id}.
-
-@end vtable
-
-@set readline-appendix
-@set history-appendix
-@cindex Readline, how to use
-@include rluser.texi
-@cindex History, how to use
-@include hsuser.texi
-@clear readline-appendix
-@clear history-appendix
-
-@node Installing Bash
-@chapter Installing Bash
-
-This chapter provides basic instructions for installing Bash on
-the various supported platforms. The distribution supports the
-@sc{gnu} operating systems, nearly every version of Unix, and several
-non-Unix systems such as BeOS and Interix.
-Other independent ports exist for
-@sc{ms-dos}, @sc{os/2}, and Windows platforms.
-
-@menu
-* Basic Installation:: Installation instructions.
-* Compilers and Options:: How to set special options for various
- systems.
-* Compiling For Multiple Architectures:: How to compile Bash for more
- than one kind of system from
- the same source tree.
-* Installation Names:: How to set the various paths used by the installation.
-* Specifying the System Type:: How to configure Bash for a particular system.
-* Sharing Defaults:: How to share default configuration values among GNU
- programs.
-* Operation Controls:: Options recognized by the configuration program.
-* Optional Features:: How to enable and disable optional features when
- building Bash.
-@end menu
-
-@node Basic Installation
-@section Basic Installation
-@cindex installation
-@cindex configuration
-@cindex Bash installation
-@cindex Bash configuration
-
-These are installation instructions for Bash.
-
-The simplest way to compile Bash is:
-
-@enumerate
-@item
-@code{cd} to the directory containing the source code and type
-@samp{./configure} to configure Bash for your system. If you're
-using @code{csh} on an old version of System V, you might need to
-type @samp{sh ./configure} instead to prevent @code{csh} from trying
-to execute @code{configure} itself.
-
-Running @code{configure} takes some time.
-While running, it prints messages telling which features it is
-checking for.
-
-@item
-Type @samp{make} to compile Bash and build the @code{bashbug} bug
-reporting script.
-
-@item
-Optionally, type @samp{make tests} to run the Bash test suite.
-
-@item
-Type @samp{make install} to install @code{bash} and @code{bashbug}.
-This will also install the manual pages and Info file.
-
-@end enumerate
-
-The @code{configure} shell script attempts to guess correct
-values for various system-dependent variables used during
-compilation. It uses those values to create a @file{Makefile} in
-each directory of the package (the top directory, the
-@file{builtins}, @file{doc}, and @file{support} directories,
-each directory under @file{lib}, and several others). It also creates a
-@file{config.h} file containing system-dependent definitions.
-Finally, it creates a shell script named @code{config.status} that you
-can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, a
-file @file{config.cache} that saves the results of its tests to
-speed up reconfiguring, and a file @file{config.log} containing
-compiler output (useful mainly for debugging @code{configure}).
-If at some point
-@file{config.cache} contains results you don't want to keep, you
-may remove or edit it.
-
-To find out more about the options and arguments that the
-@code{configure} script understands, type
-
-@example
-bash-2.04$ ./configure --help
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-at the Bash prompt in your Bash source directory.
-
-If you need to do unusual things to compile Bash, please
-try to figure out how @code{configure} could check whether or not
-to do them, and mail diffs or instructions to
-@email{bash-maintainers@@gnu.org} so they can be
-considered for the next release.
-
-The file @file{configure.ac} is used to create @code{configure}
-by a program called Autoconf. You only need
-@file{configure.ac} if you want to change it or regenerate
-@code{configure} using a newer version of Autoconf. If
-you do this, make sure you are using Autoconf version 2.50 or
-newer.
-
-You can remove the program binaries and object files from the
-source code directory by typing @samp{make clean}. To also remove the
-files that @code{configure} created (so you can compile Bash for
-a different kind of computer), type @samp{make distclean}.
-
-@node Compilers and Options
-@section Compilers and Options
-
-Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking
-that the @code{configure} script does not know about. You can
-give @code{configure} initial values for variables by setting
-them in the environment. Using a Bourne-compatible shell, you
-can do that on the command line like this:
-
-@example
-CC=c89 CFLAGS=-O2 LIBS=-lposix ./configure
-@end example
-
-On systems that have the @code{env} program, you can do it like this:
-
-@example
-env CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include LDFLAGS=-s ./configure
-@end example
-
-The configuration process uses GCC to build Bash if it
-is available.
-
-@node Compiling For Multiple Architectures
-@section Compiling For Multiple Architectures
-
-You can compile Bash for more than one kind of computer at the
-same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their
-own directory. To do this, you must use a version of @code{make} that
-supports the @code{VPATH} variable, such as GNU @code{make}.
-@code{cd} to the
-directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run
-the @code{configure} script from the source directory. You may need to
-supply the @option{--srcdir=PATH} argument to tell @code{configure} where the
-source files are. @code{configure} automatically checks for the
-source code in the directory that @code{configure} is in and in `..'.
-
-If you have to use a @code{make} that does not supports the @code{VPATH}
-variable, you can compile Bash for one architecture at a
-time in the source code directory. After you have installed
-Bash for one architecture, use @samp{make distclean} before
-reconfiguring for another architecture.
-
-Alternatively, if your system supports symbolic links, you can use the
-@file{support/mkclone} script to create a build tree which has
-symbolic links back to each file in the source directory. Here's an
-example that creates a build directory in the current directory from a
-source directory @file{/usr/gnu/src/bash-2.0}:
-
-@example
-bash /usr/gnu/src/bash-2.0/support/mkclone -s /usr/gnu/src/bash-2.0 .
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-The @code{mkclone} script requires Bash, so you must have already built
-Bash for at least one architecture before you can create build
-directories for other architectures.
-
-@node Installation Names
-@section Installation Names
-
-By default, @samp{make install} will install into
-@file{/usr/local/bin}, @file{/usr/local/man}, etc. You can
-specify an installation prefix other than @file{/usr/local} by
-giving @code{configure} the option @option{--prefix=@var{PATH}},
-or by specifying a value for the @code{DESTDIR} @samp{make}
-variable when running @samp{make install}.
-
-You can specify separate installation prefixes for
-architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files.
-If you give @code{configure} the option
-@option{--exec-prefix=@var{PATH}}, @samp{make install} will use
-@var{PATH} as the prefix for installing programs and libraries.
-Documentation and other data files will still use the regular prefix.
-
-@node Specifying the System Type
-@section Specifying the System Type
-
-There may be some features @code{configure} can not figure out
-automatically, but need to determine by the type of host Bash
-will run on. Usually @code{configure} can figure that
-out, but if it prints a message saying it can not guess the host
-type, give it the @option{--host=TYPE} option. @samp{TYPE} can
-either be a short name for the system type, such as @samp{sun4},
-or a canonical name with three fields: @samp{CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM}
-(e.g., @samp{i386-unknown-freebsd4.2}).
-
-See the file @file{support/config.sub} for the possible
-values of each field.
-
-@node Sharing Defaults
-@section Sharing Defaults
-
-If you want to set default values for @code{configure} scripts to
-share, you can create a site shell script called
-@code{config.site} that gives default values for variables like
-@code{CC}, @code{cache_file}, and @code{prefix}. @code{configure}
-looks for @file{PREFIX/share/config.site} if it exists, then
-@file{PREFIX/etc/config.site} if it exists. Or, you can set the
-@code{CONFIG_SITE} environment variable to the location of the site
-script. A warning: the Bash @code{configure} looks for a site script,
-but not all @code{configure} scripts do.
-
-@node Operation Controls
-@section Operation Controls
-
-@code{configure} recognizes the following options to control how it
-operates.
-
-@table @code
-
-@item --cache-file=@var{file}
-Use and save the results of the tests in
-@var{file} instead of @file{./config.cache}. Set @var{file} to
-@file{/dev/null} to disable caching, for debugging
-@code{configure}.
-
-@item --help
-Print a summary of the options to @code{configure}, and exit.
-
-@item --quiet
-@itemx --silent
-@itemx -q
-Do not print messages saying which checks are being made.
-
-@item --srcdir=@var{dir}
-Look for the Bash source code in directory @var{dir}. Usually
-@code{configure} can determine that directory automatically.
-
-@item --version
-Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the @code{configure}
-script, and exit.
-@end table
-
-@code{configure} also accepts some other, not widely used, boilerplate
-options. @samp{configure --help} prints the complete list.
-
-@node Optional Features
-@section Optional Features
-
-The Bash @code{configure} has a number of @option{--enable-@var{feature}}
-options, where @var{feature} indicates an optional part of Bash.
-There are also several @option{--with-@var{package}} options,
-where @var{package} is something like @samp{bash-malloc} or @samp{purify}.
-To turn off the default use of a package, use
-@option{--without-@var{package}}. To configure Bash without a feature
-that is enabled by default, use @option{--disable-@var{feature}}.
-
-Here is a complete list of the @option{--enable-} and
-@option{--with-} options that the Bash @code{configure} recognizes.
-
-@table @code
-@item --with-afs
-Define if you are using the Andrew File System from Transarc.
-
-@item --with-bash-malloc
-Use the Bash version of
-@code{malloc} in the directory @file{lib/malloc}. This is not the same
-@code{malloc} that appears in @sc{gnu} libc, but an older version
-originally derived from the 4.2 @sc{bsd} @code{malloc}. This @code{malloc}
-is very fast, but wastes some space on each allocation.
-This option is enabled by default.
-The @file{NOTES} file contains a list of systems for
-which this should be turned off, and @code{configure} disables this
-option automatically for a number of systems.
-
-@item --with-curses
-Use the curses library instead of the termcap library. This should
-be supplied if your system has an inadequate or incomplete termcap
-database.
-
-@item --with-gnu-malloc
-A synonym for @code{--with-bash-malloc}.
-
-@item --with-installed-readline[=@var{PREFIX}]
-Define this to make Bash link with a locally-installed version of Readline
-rather than the version in @file{lib/readline}. This works only with
-Readline 5.0 and later versions. If @var{PREFIX} is @code{yes} or not
-supplied, @code{configure} uses the values of the make variables
-@code{includedir} and @code{libdir}, which are subdirectories of @code{prefix}
-by default, to find the installed version of Readline if it is not in
-the standard system include and library directories.
-If @var{PREFIX} is @code{no}, Bash links with the version in
-@file{lib/readline}.
-If @var{PREFIX} is set to any other value, @code{configure} treats it as
-a directory pathname and looks for
-the installed version of Readline in subdirectories of that directory
-(include files in @var{PREFIX}/@code{include} and the library in
-@var{PREFIX}/@code{lib}).
-
-@item --with-purify
-Define this to use the Purify memory allocation checker from Rational
-Software.
-
-@item --enable-minimal-config
-This produces a shell with minimal features, close to the historical
-Bourne shell.
-@end table
-
-There are several @option{--enable-} options that alter how Bash is
-compiled and linked, rather than changing run-time features.
-
-@table @code
-@item --enable-largefile
-Enable support for @uref{http://www.sas.com/standards/large_file/x_open.20Mar96.html,
-large files} if the operating system requires special compiler options
-to build programs which can access large files. This is enabled by
-default, if the operating system provides large file support.
-
-@item --enable-profiling
-This builds a Bash binary that produces profiling information to be
-processed by @code{gprof} each time it is executed.
-
-@item --enable-static-link
-This causes Bash to be linked statically, if @code{gcc} is being used.
-This could be used to build a version to use as root's shell.
-@end table
-
-The @samp{minimal-config} option can be used to disable all of
-the following options, but it is processed first, so individual
-options may be enabled using @samp{enable-@var{feature}}.
-
-All of the following options except for @samp{disabled-builtins},
-@samp{directpand-default}, and
-@samp{xpg-echo-default} are
-enabled by default, unless the operating system does not provide the
-necessary support.
-
-@table @code
-@item --enable-alias
-Allow alias expansion and include the @code{alias} and @code{unalias}
-builtins (@pxref{Aliases}).
-
-@item --enable-arith-for-command
-Include support for the alternate form of the @code{for} command
-that behaves like the C language @code{for} statement
-(@pxref{Looping Constructs}).
-
-@item --enable-array-variables
-Include support for one-dimensional array shell variables
-(@pxref{Arrays}).
-
-@item --enable-bang-history
-Include support for @code{csh}-like history substitution
-(@pxref{History Interaction}).
-
-@item --enable-brace-expansion
-Include @code{csh}-like brace expansion
-( @code{b@{a,b@}c} @expansion{} @code{bac bbc} ).
-See @ref{Brace Expansion}, for a complete description.
-
-@item --enable-casemod-attributes
-Include support for case-modifying attributes in the @code{declare} builtin
-and assignment statements. Variables with the @var{uppercase} attribute,
-for example, will have their values converted to uppercase upon assignment.
-
-@item --enable-casemod-expansion
-Include support for case-modifying word expansions.
-
-@item --enable-command-timing
-Include support for recognizing @code{time} as a reserved word and for
-displaying timing statistics for the pipeline following @code{time}
-(@pxref{Pipelines}).
-This allows pipelines as well as shell builtins and functions to be timed.
-
-@item --enable-cond-command
-Include support for the @code{[[} conditional command.
-(@pxref{Conditional Constructs}).
-
-@item --enable-cond-regexp
-Include support for matching @sc{posix} regular expressions using the
-@samp{=~} binary operator in the @code{[[} conditional command.
-(@pxref{Conditional Constructs}).
-
-@item --enable-coprocesses
-Include support for coprocesses and the @code{coproc} reserved word
-(@pxref{Pipelines}).
-
-@item --enable-debugger
-Include support for the bash debugger (distributed separately).
-
-@item --enable-direxpand-default
-Cause the @code{direxpand} shell option (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin})
-to be enabled by default when the shell starts.
-It is normally disabled by default.
-
-@item --enable-directory-stack
-Include support for a @code{csh}-like directory stack and the
-@code{pushd}, @code{popd}, and @code{dirs} builtins
-(@pxref{The Directory Stack}).
-
-@item --enable-disabled-builtins
-Allow builtin commands to be invoked via @samp{builtin xxx}
-even after @code{xxx} has been disabled using @samp{enable -n xxx}.
-See @ref{Bash Builtins}, for details of the @code{builtin} and
-@code{enable} builtin commands.
-
-@item --enable-dparen-arithmetic
-Include support for the @code{((@dots{}))} command
-(@pxref{Conditional Constructs}).
-
-@item --enable-extended-glob
-Include support for the extended pattern matching features described
-above under @ref{Pattern Matching}.
-
-@item --enable-extended-glob-default
-Set the default value of the @var{extglob} shell option described
-above under @ref{The Shopt Builtin} to be enabled.
-
-@item --enable-glob-asciirange-default
-Set the default value of the @var{globasciiranges} shell option described
-above under @ref{The Shopt Builtin} to be enabled.
-This controls the behavior of character ranges when used in pattern matching
-bracket expressions.
-
-@item --enable-help-builtin
-Include the @code{help} builtin, which displays help on shell builtins and
-variables (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
-
-@item --enable-history
-Include command history and the @code{fc} and @code{history}
-builtin commands (@pxref{Bash History Facilities}).
-
-@item --enable-job-control
-This enables the job control features (@pxref{Job Control}),
-if the operating system supports them.
-
-@item --enable-multibyte
-This enables support for multibyte characters if the operating
-system provides the necessary support.
-
-@item --enable-net-redirections
-This enables the special handling of filenames of the form
-@code{/dev/tcp/@var{host}/@var{port}} and
-@code{/dev/udp/@var{host}/@var{port}}
-when used in redirections (@pxref{Redirections}).
-
-@item --enable-process-substitution
-This enables process substitution (@pxref{Process Substitution}) if
-the operating system provides the necessary support.
-
-@item --enable-progcomp
-Enable the programmable completion facilities
-(@pxref{Programmable Completion}).
-If Readline is not enabled, this option has no effect.
-
-@item --enable-prompt-string-decoding
-Turn on the interpretation of a number of backslash-escaped characters
-in the @env{$PS1}, @env{$PS2}, @env{$PS3}, and @env{$PS4} prompt
-strings. See @ref{Controlling the Prompt}, for a complete list of prompt
-string escape sequences.
-
-@item --enable-readline
-Include support for command-line editing and history with the Bash
-version of the Readline library (@pxref{Command Line Editing}).
-
-@item --enable-restricted
-Include support for a @dfn{restricted shell}. If this is enabled, Bash,
-when called as @code{rbash}, enters a restricted mode. See
-@ref{The Restricted Shell}, for a description of restricted mode.
-
-@item --enable-select
-Include the @code{select} compound command, which allows the generation of
-simple menus (@pxref{Conditional Constructs}).
-
-@item --enable-separate-helpfiles
-Use external files for the documentation displayed by the @code{help} builtin
-instead of storing the text internally.
-
-@item --enable-single-help-strings
-Store the text displayed by the @code{help} builtin as a single string for
-each help topic. This aids in translating the text to different languages.
-You may need to disable this if your compiler cannot handle very long string
-literals.
-
-@item --enable-strict-posix-default
-Make Bash @sc{posix}-conformant by default (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}).
-
-@item --enable-usg-echo-default
-A synonym for @code{--enable-xpg-echo-default}.
-
-@item --enable-xpg-echo-default
-Make the @code{echo} builtin expand backslash-escaped characters by default,
-without requiring the @option{-e} option.
-This sets the default value of the @code{xpg_echo} shell option to @code{on},
-which makes the Bash @code{echo} behave more like the version specified in
-the Single Unix Specification, version 3.
-@xref{Bash Builtins}, for a description of the escape sequences that
-@code{echo} recognizes.
-@end table
-
-The file @file{config-top.h} contains C Preprocessor
-@samp{#define} statements for options which are not settable from
-@code{configure}.
-Some of these are not meant to be changed; beware of the consequences if
-you do.
-Read the comments associated with each definition for more
-information about its effect.
-
-@node Reporting Bugs
-@appendix Reporting Bugs
-
-Please report all bugs you find in Bash.
-But first, you should
-make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest
-version of Bash.
-The latest version of Bash is always available for FTP from
-@uref{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/bash/}.
-
-Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the
-@code{bashbug} command to submit a bug report.
-If you have a fix, you are encouraged to mail that as well!
-Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may be mailed
-to @email{bug-bash@@gnu.org} or posted to the Usenet
-newsgroup @code{gnu.bash.bug}.
-
-All bug reports should include:
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-The version number of Bash.
-@item
-The hardware and operating system.
-@item
-The compiler used to compile Bash.
-@item
-A description of the bug behaviour.
-@item
-A short script or `recipe' which exercises the bug and may be used
-to reproduce it.
-@end itemize
-
-@noindent
-@code{bashbug} inserts the first three items automatically into
-the template it provides for filing a bug report.
-
-Please send all reports concerning this manual to
-@email{bug-bash@@gnu.org}.
-
-@node Major Differences From The Bourne Shell
-@appendix Major Differences From The Bourne Shell
-
-Bash implements essentially the same grammar, parameter and
-variable expansion, redirection, and quoting as the Bourne Shell.
-Bash uses the @sc{posix} standard as the specification of
-how these features are to be implemented. There are some
-differences between the traditional Bourne shell and Bash; this
-section quickly details the differences of significance. A
-number of these differences are explained in greater depth in
-previous sections.
-This section uses the version of @code{sh} included in SVR4.2 (the
-last version of the historical Bourne shell) as the baseline reference.
-
-@itemize @bullet
-
-@item
-Bash is @sc{posix}-conformant, even where the @sc{posix} specification
-differs from traditional @code{sh} behavior (@pxref{Bash POSIX Mode}).
-
-@item
-Bash has multi-character invocation options (@pxref{Invoking Bash}).
-
-@item
-Bash has command-line editing (@pxref{Command Line Editing}) and
-the @code{bind} builtin.
-
-@item
-Bash provides a programmable word completion mechanism
-(@pxref{Programmable Completion}), and builtin commands
-@code{complete}, @code{compgen}, and @code{compopt}, to
-manipulate it.
-
-@item
-Bash has command history (@pxref{Bash History Facilities}) and the
-@code{history} and @code{fc} builtins to manipulate it.
-The Bash history list maintains timestamp information and uses the
-value of the @code{HISTTIMEFORMAT} variable to display it.
-
-@item
-Bash implements @code{csh}-like history expansion
-(@pxref{History Interaction}).
-
-@item
-Bash has one-dimensional array variables (@pxref{Arrays}), and the
-appropriate variable expansions and assignment syntax to use them.
-Several of the Bash builtins take options to act on arrays.
-Bash provides a number of built-in array variables.
-
-@item
-The @code{$'@dots{}'} quoting syntax, which expands ANSI-C
-backslash-escaped characters in the text between the single quotes,
-is supported (@pxref{ANSI-C Quoting}).
-
-@item
-Bash supports the @code{$"@dots{}"} quoting syntax to do
-locale-specific translation of the characters between the double
-quotes. The @option{-D}, @option{--dump-strings}, and @option{--dump-po-strings}
-invocation options list the translatable strings found in a script
-(@pxref{Locale Translation}).
-
-@item
-Bash implements the @code{!} keyword to negate the return value of
-a pipeline (@pxref{Pipelines}).
-Very useful when an @code{if} statement needs to act only if a test fails.
-The Bash @samp{-o pipefail} option to @code{set} will cause a pipeline to
-return a failure status if any command fails.
-
-@item
-Bash has the @code{time} reserved word and command timing (@pxref{Pipelines}).
-The display of the timing statistics may be controlled with the
-@env{TIMEFORMAT} variable.
-
-@item
-Bash implements the @code{for (( @var{expr1} ; @var{expr2} ; @var{expr3} ))}
-arithmetic for command, similar to the C language (@pxref{Looping Constructs}).
-
-@item
-Bash includes the @code{select} compound command, which allows the
-generation of simple menus (@pxref{Conditional Constructs}).
-
-@item
-Bash includes the @code{[[} compound command, which makes conditional
-testing part of the shell grammar (@pxref{Conditional Constructs}), including
-optional regular expression matching.
-
-@item
-Bash provides optional case-insensitive matching for the @code{case} and
-@code{[[} constructs.
-
-@item
-Bash includes brace expansion (@pxref{Brace Expansion}) and tilde
-expansion (@pxref{Tilde Expansion}).
-
-@item
-Bash implements command aliases and the @code{alias} and @code{unalias}
-builtins (@pxref{Aliases}).
-
-@item
-Bash provides shell arithmetic, the @code{((} compound command
-(@pxref{Conditional Constructs}),
-and arithmetic expansion (@pxref{Shell Arithmetic}).
-
-@item
-Variables present in the shell's initial environment are automatically
-exported to child processes. The Bourne shell does not normally do
-this unless the variables are explicitly marked using the @code{export}
-command.
-
-@item
-Bash supports the @samp{+=} assignment operator, which appends to the value
-of the variable named on the left hand side.
-
-@item
-Bash includes the @sc{posix} pattern removal @samp{%}, @samp{#}, @samp{%%}
-and @samp{##} expansions to remove leading or trailing substrings from
-variable values (@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
-
-@item
-The expansion @code{$@{#xx@}}, which returns the length of @code{$@{xx@}},
-is supported (@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
-
-@item
-The expansion @code{$@{var:}@var{offset}@code{[:}@var{length}@code{]@}},
-which expands to the substring of @code{var}'s value of length
-@var{length}, beginning at @var{offset}, is present
-(@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
-
-@item
-The expansion
-@code{$@{var/[/]}@var{pattern}@code{[/}@var{replacement}@code{]@}},
-which matches @var{pattern} and replaces it with @var{replacement} in
-the value of @code{var}, is available (@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
-
-@item
-The expansion @code{$@{!@var{prefix}*@}} expansion, which expands to
-the names of all shell variables whose names begin with @var{prefix},
-is available (@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
-
-@item
-Bash has @var{indirect} variable expansion using @code{$@{!word@}}
-(@pxref{Shell Parameter Expansion}).
-
-@item
-Bash can expand positional parameters beyond @code{$9} using
-@code{$@{@var{num}@}}.
-
-@item
-The @sc{posix} @code{$()} form of command substitution
-is implemented (@pxref{Command Substitution}),
-and preferred to the Bourne shell's @code{``} (which
-is also implemented for backwards compatibility).
-
-@item
-Bash has process substitution (@pxref{Process Substitution}).
-
-@item
-Bash automatically assigns variables that provide information about the
-current user (@env{UID}, @env{EUID}, and @env{GROUPS}), the current host
-(@env{HOSTTYPE}, @env{OSTYPE}, @env{MACHTYPE}, and @env{HOSTNAME}),
-and the instance of Bash that is running (@env{BASH},
-@env{BASH_VERSION}, and @env{BASH_VERSINFO}). @xref{Bash Variables},
-for details.
-
-@item
-The @env{IFS} variable is used to split only the results of expansion,
-not all words (@pxref{Word Splitting}).
-This closes a longstanding shell security hole.
-
-@item
-The filename expansion bracket expression code uses @samp{!} and @samp{^}
-to negate the set of characters between the brackets.
-The Bourne shell uses only @samp{!}.
-
-@item
-Bash implements the full set of @sc{posix} filename expansion operators,
-including @var{character classes}, @var{equivalence classes}, and
-@var{collating symbols} (@pxref{Filename Expansion}).
-
-@item
-Bash implements extended pattern matching features when the @code{extglob}
-shell option is enabled (@pxref{Pattern Matching}).
-
-@item
-It is possible to have a variable and a function with the same name;
-@code{sh} does not separate the two name spaces.
-
-@item
-Bash functions are permitted to have local variables using the
-@code{local} builtin, and thus useful recursive functions may be written
-(@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
-
-@item
-Variable assignments preceding commands affect only that command, even
-builtins and functions (@pxref{Environment}).
-In @code{sh}, all variable assignments
-preceding commands are global unless the command is executed from the
-file system.
-
-@item
-Bash performs filename expansion on filenames specified as operands
-to input and output redirection operators (@pxref{Redirections}).
-
-@item
-Bash contains the @samp{<>} redirection operator, allowing a file to be
-opened for both reading and writing, and the @samp{&>} redirection
-operator, for directing standard output and standard error to the same
-file (@pxref{Redirections}).
-
-@item
-Bash includes the @samp{<<<} redirection operator, allowing a string to
-be used as the standard input to a command.
-
-@item
-Bash implements the @samp{[n]<&@var{word}} and @samp{[n]>&@var{word}}
-redirection operators, which move one file descriptor to another.
-
-@item
-Bash treats a number of filenames specially when they are
-used in redirection operators (@pxref{Redirections}).
-
-@item
-Bash can open network connections to arbitrary machines and services
-with the redirection operators (@pxref{Redirections}).
-
-@item
-The @code{noclobber} option is available to avoid overwriting existing
-files with output redirection (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
-The @samp{>|} redirection operator may be used to override @code{noclobber}.
-
-@item
-The Bash @code{cd} and @code{pwd} builtins (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins})
-each take @option{-L} and @option{-P} options to switch between logical and
-physical modes.
-
-@item
-Bash allows a function to override a builtin with the same name, and provides
-access to that builtin's functionality within the function via the
-@code{builtin} and @code{command} builtins (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
-
-@item
-The @code{command} builtin allows selective disabling of functions
-when command lookup is performed (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
-
-@item
-Individual builtins may be enabled or disabled using the @code{enable}
-builtin (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
-
-@item
-The Bash @code{exec} builtin takes additional options that allow users
-to control the contents of the environment passed to the executed
-command, and what the zeroth argument to the command is to be
-(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
-
-@item
-Shell functions may be exported to children via the environment
-using @code{export -f} (@pxref{Shell Functions}).
-
-@item
-The Bash @code{export}, @code{readonly}, and @code{declare} builtins can
-take a @option{-f} option to act on shell functions, a @option{-p} option to
-display variables with various attributes set in a format that can be
-used as shell input, a @option{-n} option to remove various variable
-attributes, and @samp{name=value} arguments to set variable attributes
-and values simultaneously.
-
-@item
-The Bash @code{hash} builtin allows a name to be associated with
-an arbitrary filename, even when that filename cannot be found by
-searching the @env{$PATH}, using @samp{hash -p}
-(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
-
-@item
-Bash includes a @code{help} builtin for quick reference to shell
-facilities (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
-
-@item
-The @code{printf} builtin is available to display formatted output
-(@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
-
-@item
-The Bash @code{read} builtin (@pxref{Bash Builtins})
-will read a line ending in @samp{\} with
-the @option{-r} option, and will use the @env{REPLY} variable as a
-default if no non-option arguments are supplied.
-The Bash @code{read} builtin
-also accepts a prompt string with the @option{-p} option and will use
-Readline to obtain the line when given the @option{-e} option.
-The @code{read} builtin also has additional options to control input:
-the @option{-s} option will turn off echoing of input characters as
-they are read, the @option{-t} option will allow @code{read} to time out
-if input does not arrive within a specified number of seconds, the
-@option{-n} option will allow reading only a specified number of
-characters rather than a full line, and the @option{-d} option will read
-until a particular character rather than newline.
-
-@item
-The @code{return} builtin may be used to abort execution of scripts
-executed with the @code{.} or @code{source} builtins
-(@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
-
-@item
-Bash includes the @code{shopt} builtin, for finer control of shell
-optional capabilities (@pxref{The Shopt Builtin}), and allows these options
-to be set and unset at shell invocation (@pxref{Invoking Bash}).
-
-@item
-Bash has much more optional behavior controllable with the @code{set}
-builtin (@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
-
-@item
-The @samp{-x} (@option{xtrace}) option displays commands other than
-simple commands when performing an execution trace
-(@pxref{The Set Builtin}).
-
-@item
-The @code{test} builtin (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins})
-is slightly different, as it implements the @sc{posix} algorithm,
-which specifies the behavior based on the number of arguments.
-
-@item
-Bash includes the @code{caller} builtin, which displays the context of
-any active subroutine call (a shell function or a script executed with
-the @code{.} or @code{source} builtins). This supports the bash
-debugger.
-
-@item
-The @code{trap} builtin (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}) allows a
-@code{DEBUG} pseudo-signal specification, similar to @code{EXIT}.
-Commands specified with a @code{DEBUG} trap are executed before every
-simple command, @code{for} command, @code{case} command,
-@code{select} command, every arithmetic @code{for} command, and before
-the first command executes in a shell function.
-The @code{DEBUG} trap is not inherited by shell functions unless the
-function has been given the @code{trace} attribute or the
-@code{functrace} option has been enabled using the @code{shopt} builtin.
-The @code{extdebug} shell option has additional effects on the
-@code{DEBUG} trap.
-
-The @code{trap} builtin (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}) allows an
-@code{ERR} pseudo-signal specification, similar to @code{EXIT} and @code{DEBUG}.
-Commands specified with an @code{ERR} trap are executed after a simple
-command fails, with a few exceptions.
-The @code{ERR} trap is not inherited by shell functions unless the
-@code{-o errtrace} option to the @code{set} builtin is enabled.
-
-The @code{trap} builtin (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}) allows a
-@code{RETURN} pseudo-signal specification, similar to
-@code{EXIT} and @code{DEBUG}.
-Commands specified with an @code{RETURN} trap are executed before
-execution resumes after a shell function or a shell script executed with
-@code{.} or @code{source} returns.
-The @code{RETURN} trap is not inherited by shell functions unless the
-function has been given the @code{trace} attribute or the
-@code{functrace} option has been enabled using the @code{shopt} builtin.
-
-@item
-The Bash @code{type} builtin is more extensive and gives more information
-about the names it finds (@pxref{Bash Builtins}).
-
-@item
-The Bash @code{umask} builtin permits a @option{-p} option to cause
-the output to be displayed in the form of a @code{umask} command
-that may be reused as input (@pxref{Bourne Shell Builtins}).
-
-@item
-Bash implements a @code{csh}-like directory stack, and provides the
-@code{pushd}, @code{popd}, and @code{dirs} builtins to manipulate it
-(@pxref{The Directory Stack}).
-Bash also makes the directory stack visible as the value of the
-@env{DIRSTACK} shell variable.
-
-@item
-Bash interprets special backslash-escaped characters in the prompt
-strings when interactive (@pxref{Controlling the Prompt}).
-
-@item
-The Bash restricted mode is more useful (@pxref{The Restricted Shell});
-the SVR4.2 shell restricted mode is too limited.
-
-@item
-The @code{disown} builtin can remove a job from the internal shell
-job table (@pxref{Job Control Builtins}) or suppress the sending
-of @code{SIGHUP} to a job when the shell exits as the result of a
-@code{SIGHUP}.
-
-@item
-Bash includes a number of features to support a separate debugger for
-shell scripts.
-
-@item
-The SVR4.2 shell has two privilege-related builtins
-(@code{mldmode} and @code{priv}) not present in Bash.
-
-@item
-Bash does not have the @code{stop} or @code{newgrp} builtins.
-
-@item
-Bash does not use the @env{SHACCT} variable or perform shell accounting.
-
-@item
-The SVR4.2 @code{sh} uses a @env{TIMEOUT} variable like Bash uses
-@env{TMOUT}.
-
-@end itemize
-
-@noindent
-More features unique to Bash may be found in @ref{Bash Features}.
-
-
-@appendixsec Implementation Differences From The SVR4.2 Shell
-
-Since Bash is a completely new implementation, it does not suffer from
-many of the limitations of the SVR4.2 shell. For instance:
-
-@itemize @bullet
-
-@item
-Bash does not fork a subshell when redirecting into or out of
-a shell control structure such as an @code{if} or @code{while}
-statement.
-
-@item
-Bash does not allow unbalanced quotes. The SVR4.2 shell will silently
-insert a needed closing quote at @code{EOF} under certain circumstances.
-This can be the cause of some hard-to-find errors.
-
-@item
-The SVR4.2 shell uses a baroque memory management scheme based on
-trapping @code{SIGSEGV}. If the shell is started from a process with
-@code{SIGSEGV} blocked (e.g., by using the @code{system()} C library
-function call), it misbehaves badly.
-
-@item
-In a questionable attempt at security, the SVR4.2 shell,
-when invoked without the @option{-p} option, will alter its real
-and effective @sc{uid} and @sc{gid} if they are less than some
-magic threshold value, commonly 100.
-This can lead to unexpected results.
-
-@item
-The SVR4.2 shell does not allow users to trap @code{SIGSEGV},
-@code{SIGALRM}, or @code{SIGCHLD}.
-
-@item
-The SVR4.2 shell does not allow the @env{IFS}, @env{MAILCHECK},
-@env{PATH}, @env{PS1}, or @env{PS2} variables to be unset.
-
-@item
-The SVR4.2 shell treats @samp{^} as the undocumented equivalent of
-@samp{|}.
-
-@item
-Bash allows multiple option arguments when it is invoked (@code{-x -v});
-the SVR4.2 shell allows only one option argument (@code{-xv}). In
-fact, some versions of the shell dump core if the second argument begins
-with a @samp{-}.
-
-@item
-The SVR4.2 shell exits a script if any builtin fails; Bash exits
-a script only if one of the @sc{posix} special builtins fails, and
-only for certain failures, as enumerated in the @sc{posix} standard.
-
-@item
-The SVR4.2 shell behaves differently when invoked as @code{jsh}
-(it turns on job control).
-@end itemize
-
-@node GNU Free Documentation License
-@appendix GNU Free Documentation License
-
-@include fdl.texi
-
-@node Indexes
-@appendix Indexes
-
-@menu
-* Builtin Index:: Index of Bash builtin commands.
-* Reserved Word Index:: Index of Bash reserved words.
-* Variable Index:: Quick reference helps you find the
- variable you want.
-* Function Index:: Index of bindable Readline functions.
-* Concept Index:: General index for concepts described in
- this manual.
-@end menu
-
-@node Builtin Index
-@appendixsec Index of Shell Builtin Commands
-@printindex bt
-
-@node Reserved Word Index
-@appendixsec Index of Shell Reserved Words
-@printindex rw
-
-@node Variable Index
-@appendixsec Parameter and Variable Index
-@printindex vr
-
-@node Function Index
-@appendixsec Function Index
-@printindex fn
-
-@node Concept Index
-@appendixsec Concept Index
-@printindex cp
-
-@bye
+++ /dev/null
-#
-# Simple makefile for the sample loadable builtins
-#
-# Copyright (C) 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
-# any later version.
-
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
-
-# Include some boilerplate Gnu makefile definitions.
-prefix = @prefix@
-
-exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
-bindir = @bindir@
-libdir = @libdir@
-infodir = @infodir@
-includedir = @includedir@
-
-topdir = @top_srcdir@
-BUILD_DIR = @BUILD_DIR@
-srcdir = @srcdir@
-VPATH = .:@srcdir@
-
-@SET_MAKE@
-CC = @CC@
-RM = rm -f
-
-SHELL = @MAKE_SHELL@
-
-host_os = @host_os@
-host_cpu = @host_cpu@
-host_vendor = @host_vendor@
-
-CFLAGS = @CFLAGS@
-LOCAL_CFLAGS = @LOCAL_CFLAGS@
-DEFS = @DEFS@
-LOCAL_DEFS = @LOCAL_DEFS@
-
-CPPFLAGS = @CPPFLAGS@
-
-BASHINCDIR = ${topdir}/include
-
-LIBBUILD = ${BUILD_DIR}/lib
-
-INTL_LIBSRC = ${topdir}/lib/intl
-INTL_BUILDDIR = ${LIBBUILD}/intl
-INTL_INC = @INTL_INC@
-LIBINTL_H = @LIBINTL_H@
-
-CCFLAGS = $(DEFS) $(LOCAL_DEFS) $(LOCAL_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS)
-
-#
-# These values are generated for configure by ${topdir}/support/shobj-conf.
-# If your system is not supported by that script, but includes facilities for
-# dynamic loading of shared objects, please update the script and send the
-# changes to bash-maintainers@gnu.org.
-#
-SHOBJ_CC = @SHOBJ_CC@
-SHOBJ_CFLAGS = @SHOBJ_CFLAGS@
-SHOBJ_LD = @SHOBJ_LD@
-SHOBJ_LDFLAGS = @SHOBJ_LDFLAGS@
-SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS = @SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS@
-SHOBJ_LIBS = @SHOBJ_LIBS@
-SHOBJ_STATUS = @SHOBJ_STATUS@
-
-INC = -I. -I.. -I$(topdir) -I$(topdir)/lib -I$(topdir)/builtins \
- -I$(BASHINCDIR) -I$(BUILD_DIR) -I$(LIBBUILD) \
- -I$(BUILD_DIR)/builtins $(INTL_INC)
-
-.c.o:
- $(SHOBJ_CC) $(SHOBJ_CFLAGS) $(CCFLAGS) $(INC) -c -o $@ $<
-
-
-ALLPROG = print truefalse sleep pushd finfo logname basename dirname \
- tty pathchk tee head mkdir rmdir printenv id whoami \
- uname sync push ln unlink cut realpath getconf strftime
-OTHERPROG = necho hello cat
-
-all: $(SHOBJ_STATUS)
-
-supported: $(ALLPROG)
-others: $(OTHERPROG)
-
-unsupported:
- @echo "Your system (${host_os}) is not supported by the"
- @echo "${topdir}/support/shobj-conf script."
- @echo "If your operating system provides facilities for dynamic"
- @echo "loading of shared objects using the dlopen(3) interface,"
- @echo "please update the script and re-run configure.
- @echo "Please send the changes you made to bash-maintainers@gnu.org"
- @echo "for inclusion in future bash releases."
-
-everything: supported others
-
-print: print.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ print.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-necho: necho.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ necho.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-getconf: getconf.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ getconf.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-hello: hello.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ hello.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-truefalse: truefalse.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ truefalse.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-sleep: sleep.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ sleep.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-finfo: finfo.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ finfo.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-cat: cat.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ cat.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-logname: logname.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ logname.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-basename: basename.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ basename.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-dirname: dirname.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ dirname.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-tty: tty.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ tty.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-pathchk: pathchk.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ pathchk.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-tee: tee.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ tee.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-mkdir: mkdir.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ mkdir.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-rmdir: rmdir.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ rmdir.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-head: head.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ head.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-printenv: printenv.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ printenv.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-id: id.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ id.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-whoami: whoami.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ whoami.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-uname: uname.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ uname.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-sync: sync.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ sync.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-push: push.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ push.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-ln: ln.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ ln.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-unlink: unlink.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ unlink.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-cut: cut.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ cut.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-realpath: realpath.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ realpath.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-strftime: strftime.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ strftime.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-# pushd is a special case. We use the same source that the builtin version
-# uses, with special compilation options.
-#
-pushd.c: ${topdir}/builtins/pushd.def
- $(RM) $@
- ${BUILD_DIR}/builtins/mkbuiltins -D ${topdir}/builtins ${topdir}/builtins/pushd.def
-
-pushd.o: pushd.c
- $(RM) $@
- $(SHOBJ_CC) -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DPUSHD_AND_POPD -DLOADABLE_BUILTIN $(SHOBJ_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(INC) -c -o $@ $<
-
-pushd: pushd.o
- $(SHOBJ_LD) $(SHOBJ_LDFLAGS) $(SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS) -o $@ pushd.o $(SHOBJ_LIBS)
-
-clean:
- $(RM) $(ALLPROG) $(OTHERPROG) *.o
- -( cd perl && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} $@ )
-
-mostlyclean: clean
- -( cd perl && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} $@ )
-
-distclean maintainer-clean: clean
- $(RM) Makefile pushd.c
- -( cd perl && ${MAKE} ${MFLAGS} $@ )
-
-print.o: print.c
-truefalse.o: truefalse.c
-sleep.o: sleep.c
-finfo.o: finfo.c
-logname.o: logname.c
-basename.o: basename.c
-dirname.o: dirname.c
-tty.o: tty.c
-pathchk.o: pathchk.c
-tee.o: tee.c
-head.o: head.c
-rmdir.o: rmdir.c
-necho.o: necho.c
-getconf.o: getconf.c
-hello.o: hello.c
-cat.o: cat.c
-printenv.o: printenv.c
-id.o: id.c
-whoami.o: whoami.c
-uname.o: uname.c
-sync.o: sync.c
-push.o: push.c
-mkdir.o: mkdir.c
-realpath.o: realpath.c
-strftime.o: strftime.c
+++ /dev/null
-/* execute_cmd.c -- Execute a COMMAND structure. */
-
-/* Copyright (C) 1987-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
- This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
-
- Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- (at your option) any later version.
-
- Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- GNU General Public License for more details.
-
- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-#include "config.h"
-
-#if !defined (__GNUC__) && !defined (HAVE_ALLOCA_H) && defined (_AIX)
- #pragma alloca
-#endif /* _AIX && RISC6000 && !__GNUC__ */
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include "chartypes.h"
-#include "bashtypes.h"
-#if !defined (_MINIX) && defined (HAVE_SYS_FILE_H)
-# include <sys/file.h>
-#endif
-#include "filecntl.h"
-#include "posixstat.h"
-#include <signal.h>
-#if defined (HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H)
-# include <sys/param.h>
-#endif
-
-#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
-# include <unistd.h>
-#endif
-
-#include "posixtime.h"
-
-#if defined (HAVE_SYS_RESOURCE_H) && !defined (RLIMTYPE)
-# include <sys/resource.h>
-#endif
-
-#if defined (HAVE_SYS_TIMES_H) && defined (HAVE_TIMES)
-# include <sys/times.h>
-#endif
-
-#include <errno.h>
-
-#if !defined (errno)
-extern int errno;
-#endif
-
-#define NEED_FPURGE_DECL
-
-#include "bashansi.h"
-#include "bashintl.h"
-
-#include "memalloc.h"
-#include "shell.h"
-#include <y.tab.h> /* use <...> so we pick it up from the build directory */
-#include "flags.h"
-#include "builtins.h"
-#include "hashlib.h"
-#include "jobs.h"
-#include "execute_cmd.h"
-#include "findcmd.h"
-#include "redir.h"
-#include "trap.h"
-#include "pathexp.h"
-#include "hashcmd.h"
-
-#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
-# include "test.h"
-#endif
-
-#include "builtins/common.h"
-#include "builtins/builtext.h" /* list of builtins */
-
-#include <glob/strmatch.h>
-#include <tilde/tilde.h>
-
-#if defined (BUFFERED_INPUT)
-# include "input.h"
-#endif
-
-#if defined (ALIAS)
-# include "alias.h"
-#endif
-
-#if defined (HISTORY)
-# include "bashhist.h"
-#endif
-
-extern int dollar_dollar_pid;
-extern int posixly_correct;
-extern int expand_aliases;
-extern int autocd;
-extern int breaking, continuing, loop_level;
-extern int parse_and_execute_level, running_trap, sourcelevel;
-extern int command_string_index, line_number;
-extern int dot_found_in_search;
-extern int already_making_children;
-extern int tempenv_assign_error;
-extern char *the_printed_command, *shell_name;
-extern pid_t last_command_subst_pid;
-extern sh_builtin_func_t *last_shell_builtin, *this_shell_builtin;
-extern char **subshell_argv, **subshell_envp;
-extern int subshell_argc;
-extern time_t shell_start_time;
-#if 0
-extern char *glob_argv_flags;
-#endif
-
-extern int job_control; /* XXX */
-
-extern int close __P((int));
-
-/* Static functions defined and used in this file. */
-static void close_pipes __P((int, int));
-static void do_piping __P((int, int));
-static void bind_lastarg __P((char *));
-static int shell_control_structure __P((enum command_type));
-static void cleanup_redirects __P((REDIRECT *));
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
-static int restore_signal_mask __P((sigset_t *));
-#endif
-
-static void async_redirect_stdin __P((void));
-
-static int builtin_status __P((int));
-
-static int execute_for_command __P((FOR_COM *));
-#if defined (SELECT_COMMAND)
-static int displen __P((const char *));
-static int print_index_and_element __P((int, int, WORD_LIST *));
-static void indent __P((int, int));
-static void print_select_list __P((WORD_LIST *, int, int, int));
-static char *select_query __P((WORD_LIST *, int, char *, int));
-static int execute_select_command __P((SELECT_COM *));
-#endif
-#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
-static int execute_arith_command __P((ARITH_COM *));
-#endif
-#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
-static int execute_cond_node __P((COND_COM *));
-static int execute_cond_command __P((COND_COM *));
-#endif
-#if defined (COMMAND_TIMING)
-static int mkfmt __P((char *, int, int, time_t, int));
-static void print_formatted_time __P((FILE *, char *,
- time_t, int, time_t, int,
- time_t, int, int));
-static int time_command __P((COMMAND *, int, int, int, struct fd_bitmap *));
-#endif
-#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
-static intmax_t eval_arith_for_expr __P((WORD_LIST *, int *));
-static int execute_arith_for_command __P((ARITH_FOR_COM *));
-#endif
-static int execute_case_command __P((CASE_COM *));
-static int execute_while_command __P((WHILE_COM *));
-static int execute_until_command __P((WHILE_COM *));
-static int execute_while_or_until __P((WHILE_COM *, int));
-static int execute_if_command __P((IF_COM *));
-static int execute_null_command __P((REDIRECT *, int, int, int));
-static void fix_assignment_words __P((WORD_LIST *));
-static int execute_simple_command __P((SIMPLE_COM *, int, int, int, struct fd_bitmap *));
-static int execute_builtin __P((sh_builtin_func_t *, WORD_LIST *, int, int));
-static int execute_function __P((SHELL_VAR *, WORD_LIST *, int, struct fd_bitmap *, int, int));
-static int execute_builtin_or_function __P((WORD_LIST *, sh_builtin_func_t *,
- SHELL_VAR *,
- REDIRECT *, struct fd_bitmap *, int));
-static void execute_subshell_builtin_or_function __P((WORD_LIST *, REDIRECT *,
- sh_builtin_func_t *,
- SHELL_VAR *,
- int, int, int,
- struct fd_bitmap *,
- int));
-static int execute_disk_command __P((WORD_LIST *, REDIRECT *, char *,
- int, int, int, struct fd_bitmap *, int));
-
-static char *getinterp __P((char *, int, int *));
-static void initialize_subshell __P((void));
-static int execute_in_subshell __P((COMMAND *, int, int, int, struct fd_bitmap *));
-#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
-static int execute_coproc __P((COMMAND *, int, int, struct fd_bitmap *));
-#endif
-
-static int execute_pipeline __P((COMMAND *, int, int, int, struct fd_bitmap *));
-
-static int execute_connection __P((COMMAND *, int, int, int, struct fd_bitmap *));
-
-static int execute_intern_function __P((WORD_DESC *, FUNCTION_DEF *));
-
-/* Set to 1 if fd 0 was the subject of redirection to a subshell. Global
- so that reader_loop can set it to zero before executing a command. */
-int stdin_redir;
-
-/* The name of the command that is currently being executed.
- `test' needs this, for example. */
-char *this_command_name;
-
-/* The printed representation of the currently-executing command (same as
- the_printed_command), except when a trap is being executed. Useful for
- a debugger to know where exactly the program is currently executing. */
-char *the_printed_command_except_trap;
-
-/* For catching RETURN in a function. */
-int return_catch_flag;
-int return_catch_value;
-procenv_t return_catch;
-
-/* The value returned by the last synchronous command. */
-int last_command_exit_value;
-
-/* Whether or not the last command (corresponding to last_command_exit_value)
- was terminated by a signal, and, if so, which one. */
-int last_command_exit_signal;
-
-/* Are we currently ignoring the -e option for the duration of a builtin's
- execution? */
-int builtin_ignoring_errexit = 0;
-
-/* The list of redirections to perform which will undo the redirections
- that I made in the shell. */
-REDIRECT *redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
-
-/* The list of redirections to perform which will undo the internal
- redirections performed by the `exec' builtin. These are redirections
- that must be undone even when exec discards redirection_undo_list. */
-REDIRECT *exec_redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
-
-/* When greater than zero, value is the `level' of builtins we are
- currently executing (e.g. `eval echo a' would have it set to 2). */
-int executing_builtin = 0;
-
-/* Non-zero if we are executing a command list (a;b;c, etc.) */
-int executing_list = 0;
-
-/* Non-zero if failing commands in a command substitution should not exit the
- shell even if -e is set. Used to pass the CMD_IGNORE_RETURN flag down to
- commands run in command substitutions by parse_and_execute. */
-int comsub_ignore_return = 0;
-
-/* Non-zero if we have just forked and are currently running in a subshell
- environment. */
-int subshell_environment;
-
-/* Count of nested subshells, like SHLVL. Available via $BASH_SUBSHELL */
-int subshell_level = 0;
-
-/* Currently-executing shell function. */
-SHELL_VAR *this_shell_function;
-
-/* If non-zero, matches in case and [[ ... ]] are case-insensitive */
-int match_ignore_case = 0;
-
-int executing_command_builtin = 0;
-
-struct stat SB; /* used for debugging */
-
-static int special_builtin_failed;
-
-static COMMAND *currently_executing_command;
-
-/* The line number that the currently executing function starts on. */
-static int function_line_number;
-
-/* XXX - set to 1 if we're running the DEBUG trap and we want to show the line
- number containing the function name. Used by executing_line_number to
- report the correct line number. Kind of a hack. */
-static int showing_function_line;
-
-/* $LINENO ($BASH_LINENO) for use by an ERR trap. Global so parse_and_execute
- can save and restore it. */
-int line_number_for_err_trap;
-
-/* A sort of function nesting level counter */
-int funcnest = 0;
-int funcnest_max = 0; /* bash-4.2 */
-
-int lastpipe_opt = 0;
-
-struct fd_bitmap *current_fds_to_close = (struct fd_bitmap *)NULL;
-
-#define FD_BITMAP_DEFAULT_SIZE 32
-
-/* Functions to allocate and deallocate the structures used to pass
- information from the shell to its children about file descriptors
- to close. */
-struct fd_bitmap *
-new_fd_bitmap (size)
- int size;
-{
- struct fd_bitmap *ret;
-
- ret = (struct fd_bitmap *)xmalloc (sizeof (struct fd_bitmap));
-
- ret->size = size;
-
- if (size)
- {
- ret->bitmap = (char *)xmalloc (size);
- memset (ret->bitmap, '\0', size);
- }
- else
- ret->bitmap = (char *)NULL;
- return (ret);
-}
-
-void
-dispose_fd_bitmap (fdbp)
- struct fd_bitmap *fdbp;
-{
- FREE (fdbp->bitmap);
- free (fdbp);
-}
-
-void
-close_fd_bitmap (fdbp)
- struct fd_bitmap *fdbp;
-{
- register int i;
-
- if (fdbp)
- {
- for (i = 0; i < fdbp->size; i++)
- if (fdbp->bitmap[i])
- {
- close (i);
- fdbp->bitmap[i] = 0;
- }
- }
-}
-
-/* Return the line number of the currently executing command. */
-int
-executing_line_number ()
-{
- if (executing && showing_function_line == 0 &&
- (variable_context == 0 || interactive_shell == 0) &&
- currently_executing_command)
- {
-#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
- if (currently_executing_command->type == cm_cond)
- return currently_executing_command->value.Cond->line;
-#endif
-#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
- if (currently_executing_command->type == cm_arith)
- return currently_executing_command->value.Arith->line;
-#endif
-#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
- if (currently_executing_command->type == cm_arith_for)
- return currently_executing_command->value.ArithFor->line;
-#endif
-
- return line_number;
- }
- else
- return line_number;
-}
-
-/* Execute the command passed in COMMAND. COMMAND is exactly what
- read_command () places into GLOBAL_COMMAND. See "command.h" for the
- details of the command structure.
-
- EXECUTION_SUCCESS or EXECUTION_FAILURE are the only possible
- return values. Executing a command with nothing in it returns
- EXECUTION_SUCCESS. */
-int
-execute_command (command)
- COMMAND *command;
-{
- struct fd_bitmap *bitmap;
- int result;
-
- current_fds_to_close = (struct fd_bitmap *)NULL;
- bitmap = new_fd_bitmap (FD_BITMAP_DEFAULT_SIZE);
- begin_unwind_frame ("execute-command");
- add_unwind_protect (dispose_fd_bitmap, (char *)bitmap);
-
- /* Just do the command, but not asynchronously. */
- result = execute_command_internal (command, 0, NO_PIPE, NO_PIPE, bitmap);
-
- dispose_fd_bitmap (bitmap);
- discard_unwind_frame ("execute-command");
-
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
- /* don't unlink fifos if we're in a shell function; wait until the function
- returns. */
- if (variable_context == 0)
- unlink_fifo_list ();
-#endif /* PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION */
-
- QUIT;
- return (result);
-}
-
-/* Return 1 if TYPE is a shell control structure type. */
-static int
-shell_control_structure (type)
- enum command_type type;
-{
- switch (type)
- {
-#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
- case cm_arith_for:
-#endif
-#if defined (SELECT_COMMAND)
- case cm_select:
-#endif
-#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
- case cm_arith:
-#endif
-#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
- case cm_cond:
-#endif
- case cm_case:
- case cm_while:
- case cm_until:
- case cm_if:
- case cm_for:
- case cm_group:
- case cm_function_def:
- return (1);
-
- default:
- return (0);
- }
-}
-
-/* A function to use to unwind_protect the redirection undo list
- for loops. */
-static void
-cleanup_redirects (list)
- REDIRECT *list;
-{
- do_redirections (list, RX_ACTIVE);
- dispose_redirects (list);
-}
-
-#if 0
-/* Function to unwind_protect the redirections for functions and builtins. */
-static void
-cleanup_func_redirects (list)
- REDIRECT *list;
-{
- do_redirections (list, RX_ACTIVE);
-}
-#endif
-
-void
-dispose_exec_redirects ()
-{
- if (exec_redirection_undo_list)
- {
- dispose_redirects (exec_redirection_undo_list);
- exec_redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
- }
-}
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
-/* A function to restore the signal mask to its proper value when the shell
- is interrupted or errors occur while creating a pipeline. */
-static int
-restore_signal_mask (set)
- sigset_t *set;
-{
- return (sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, set, (sigset_t *)NULL));
-}
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
-
-#ifdef DEBUG
-/* A debugging function that can be called from gdb, for instance. */
-void
-open_files ()
-{
- register int i;
- int f, fd_table_size;
-
- fd_table_size = getdtablesize ();
-
- fprintf (stderr, "pid %ld open files:", (long)getpid ());
- for (i = 3; i < fd_table_size; i++)
- {
- if ((f = fcntl (i, F_GETFD, 0)) != -1)
- fprintf (stderr, " %d (%s)", i, f ? "close" : "open");
- }
- fprintf (stderr, "\n");
-}
-#endif
-
-static void
-async_redirect_stdin ()
-{
- int fd;
-
- fd = open ("/dev/null", O_RDONLY);
- if (fd > 0)
- {
- dup2 (fd, 0);
- close (fd);
- }
- else if (fd < 0)
- internal_error (_("cannot redirect standard input from /dev/null: %s"), strerror (errno));
-}
-
-#define DESCRIBE_PID(pid) do { if (interactive) describe_pid (pid); } while (0)
-
-/* Execute the command passed in COMMAND, perhaps doing it asynchronously.
- COMMAND is exactly what read_command () places into GLOBAL_COMMAND.
- ASYNCHROUNOUS, if non-zero, says to do this command in the background.
- PIPE_IN and PIPE_OUT are file descriptors saying where input comes
- from and where it goes. They can have the value of NO_PIPE, which means
- I/O is stdin/stdout.
- FDS_TO_CLOSE is a list of file descriptors to close once the child has
- been forked. This list often contains the unusable sides of pipes, etc.
-
- EXECUTION_SUCCESS or EXECUTION_FAILURE are the only possible
- return values. Executing a command with nothing in it returns
- EXECUTION_SUCCESS. */
-int
-execute_command_internal (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out,
- fds_to_close)
- COMMAND *command;
- int asynchronous;
- int pipe_in, pipe_out;
- struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
-{
- int exec_result, user_subshell, invert, ignore_return, was_error_trap;
- REDIRECT *my_undo_list, *exec_undo_list;
- char *tcmd;
- volatile int last_pid;
- volatile int save_line_number;
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
- volatile int ofifo, nfifo, osize, saved_fifo;
- volatile char *ofifo_list;
-#endif
-
- if (breaking || continuing)
- return (last_command_exit_value);
- if (command == 0 || read_but_dont_execute)
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
-
- QUIT;
- run_pending_traps ();
-
-#if 0
- if (running_trap == 0)
-#endif
- currently_executing_command = command;
-
- invert = (command->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) != 0;
-
- /* If we're inverting the return value and `set -e' has been executed,
- we don't want a failing command to inadvertently cause the shell
- to exit. */
- if (exit_immediately_on_error && invert) /* XXX */
- command->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN; /* XXX */
-
- exec_result = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
-
- /* If a command was being explicitly run in a subshell, or if it is
- a shell control-structure, and it has a pipe, then we do the command
- in a subshell. */
- if (command->type == cm_subshell && (command->flags & CMD_NO_FORK))
- return (execute_in_subshell (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close));
-
-#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
- if (command->type == cm_coproc)
- return (execute_coproc (command, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close));
-#endif
-
- user_subshell = command->type == cm_subshell || ((command->flags & CMD_WANT_SUBSHELL) != 0);
-
- if (command->type == cm_subshell ||
- (command->flags & (CMD_WANT_SUBSHELL|CMD_FORCE_SUBSHELL)) ||
- (shell_control_structure (command->type) &&
- (pipe_out != NO_PIPE || pipe_in != NO_PIPE || asynchronous)))
- {
- pid_t paren_pid;
- int s;
-
- /* Fork a subshell, turn off the subshell bit, turn off job
- control and call execute_command () on the command again. */
- line_number_for_err_trap = line_number;
- tcmd = make_command_string (command);
- paren_pid = make_child (savestring (tcmd), asynchronous);
-
- if (user_subshell && signal_is_trapped (ERROR_TRAP) &&
- signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && running_trap == 0)
- {
- FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
- the_printed_command_except_trap = savestring (the_printed_command);
- }
-
- if (paren_pid == 0)
- {
- /* We want to run the exit trap for forced {} subshells, and we
- want to note this before execute_in_subshell modifies the
- COMMAND struct. Need to keep in mind that execute_in_subshell
- runs the exit trap for () subshells itself. */
- /* This handles { command; } & */
- s = user_subshell == 0 && command->type == cm_group && pipe_in == NO_PIPE && pipe_out == NO_PIPE && asynchronous;
- /* run exit trap for : | { ...; } and { ...; } | : */
- /* run exit trap for : | ( ...; ) and ( ...; ) | : */
- s += user_subshell == 0 && command->type == cm_group && (pipe_in != NO_PIPE || pipe_out != NO_PIPE) && asynchronous == 0;
-
- last_command_exit_value = execute_in_subshell (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
- if (s)
- subshell_exit (last_command_exit_value);
- else
- exit (last_command_exit_value);
- /* NOTREACHED */
- }
- else
- {
- close_pipes (pipe_in, pipe_out);
-
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION) && defined (HAVE_DEV_FD)
- if (variable_context == 0) /* wait until shell function completes */
- unlink_fifo_list ();
-#endif
- /* If we are part of a pipeline, and not the end of the pipeline,
- then we should simply return and let the last command in the
- pipe be waited for. If we are not in a pipeline, or are the
- last command in the pipeline, then we wait for the subshell
- and return its exit status as usual. */
- if (pipe_out != NO_PIPE)
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
-
- stop_pipeline (asynchronous, (COMMAND *)NULL);
-
- if (asynchronous == 0)
- {
- was_error_trap = signal_is_trapped (ERROR_TRAP) && signal_is_ignored (ERROR_TRAP) == 0;
- invert = (command->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) != 0;
- ignore_return = (command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) != 0;
-
- exec_result = wait_for (paren_pid);
-
- /* If we have to, invert the return value. */
- if (invert)
- exec_result = ((exec_result == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- ? EXECUTION_FAILURE
- : EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
-
- last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
- if (user_subshell && was_error_trap && ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- save_line_number = line_number;
- line_number = line_number_for_err_trap;
- run_error_trap ();
- line_number = save_line_number;
- }
-
- if (user_subshell && ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exit_immediately_on_error && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- run_pending_traps ();
- jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
- }
-
- return (last_command_exit_value);
- }
- else
- {
- DESCRIBE_PID (paren_pid);
-
- run_pending_traps ();
-
- /* Posix 2013 2.9.3.1: "the exit status of an asynchronous list
- shall be zero." */
- last_command_exit_value = 0;
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
- }
- }
- }
-
-#if defined (COMMAND_TIMING)
- if (command->flags & CMD_TIME_PIPELINE)
- {
- if (asynchronous)
- {
- command->flags |= CMD_FORCE_SUBSHELL;
- exec_result = execute_command_internal (command, 1, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
- }
- else
- {
- exec_result = time_command (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
-#if 0
- if (running_trap == 0)
-#endif
- currently_executing_command = (COMMAND *)NULL;
- }
- return (exec_result);
- }
-#endif /* COMMAND_TIMING */
-
- if (shell_control_structure (command->type) && command->redirects)
- stdin_redir = stdin_redirects (command->redirects);
-
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
- if (variable_context != 0)
- {
- ofifo = num_fifos ();
- ofifo_list = copy_fifo_list ((int *)&osize);
- saved_fifo = 1;
- }
- else
- saved_fifo = 0;
-#endif
-
- /* Handle WHILE FOR CASE etc. with redirections. (Also '&' input
- redirection.) */
- if (do_redirections (command->redirects, RX_ACTIVE|RX_UNDOABLE) != 0)
- {
- cleanup_redirects (redirection_undo_list);
- redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
- dispose_exec_redirects ();
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
- if (saved_fifo)
- free ((void *)ofifo_list);
-#endif
- return (last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
-
- if (redirection_undo_list)
- {
- /* XXX - why copy here? */
- my_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)copy_redirects (redirection_undo_list);
- dispose_redirects (redirection_undo_list);
- redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
- }
- else
- my_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
-
- if (exec_redirection_undo_list)
- {
- /* XXX - why copy here? */
- exec_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)copy_redirects (exec_redirection_undo_list);
- dispose_redirects (exec_redirection_undo_list);
- exec_redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
- }
- else
- exec_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
-
- if (my_undo_list || exec_undo_list)
- begin_unwind_frame ("loop_redirections");
-
- if (my_undo_list)
- add_unwind_protect ((Function *)cleanup_redirects, my_undo_list);
-
- if (exec_undo_list)
- add_unwind_protect ((Function *)dispose_redirects, exec_undo_list);
-
- ignore_return = (command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) != 0;
-
- QUIT;
-
- switch (command->type)
- {
- case cm_simple:
- {
- save_line_number = line_number;
- /* We can't rely on variables retaining their values across a
- call to execute_simple_command if a longjmp occurs as the
- result of a `return' builtin. This is true for sure with gcc. */
-#if defined (RECYCLES_PIDS)
- last_made_pid = NO_PID;
-#endif
- last_pid = last_made_pid;
- was_error_trap = signal_is_trapped (ERROR_TRAP) && signal_is_ignored (ERROR_TRAP) == 0;
-
- if (ignore_return && command->value.Simple)
- command->value.Simple->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- if (command->flags & CMD_STDIN_REDIR)
- command->value.Simple->flags |= CMD_STDIN_REDIR;
-
- line_number_for_err_trap = line_number = command->value.Simple->line;
- exec_result =
- execute_simple_command (command->value.Simple, pipe_in, pipe_out,
- asynchronous, fds_to_close);
- line_number = save_line_number;
-
- /* The temporary environment should be used for only the simple
- command immediately following its definition. */
- dispose_used_env_vars ();
-
-#if (defined (ultrix) && defined (mips)) || defined (C_ALLOCA)
- /* Reclaim memory allocated with alloca () on machines which
- may be using the alloca emulation code. */
- (void) alloca (0);
-#endif /* (ultrix && mips) || C_ALLOCA */
-
- /* If we forked to do the command, then we must wait_for ()
- the child. */
-
- /* XXX - this is something to watch out for if there are problems
- when the shell is compiled without job control. Don't worry about
- whether or not last_made_pid == last_pid; already_making_children
- tells us whether or not there are unwaited-for children to wait
- for and reap. */
- if (already_making_children && pipe_out == NO_PIPE)
- {
- stop_pipeline (asynchronous, (COMMAND *)NULL);
-
- if (asynchronous)
- {
- DESCRIBE_PID (last_made_pid);
- }
- else
-#if !defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- /* Do not wait for asynchronous processes started from
- startup files. */
- if (last_made_pid != last_asynchronous_pid)
-#endif
- /* When executing a shell function that executes other
- commands, this causes the last simple command in
- the function to be waited for twice. This also causes
- subshells forked to execute builtin commands (e.g., in
- pipelines) to be waited for twice. */
- exec_result = wait_for (last_made_pid);
- }
- }
-
- /* 2009/02/13 -- pipeline failure is processed elsewhere. This handles
- only the failure of a simple command. */
- if (was_error_trap && ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && pipe_in == NO_PIPE && pipe_out == NO_PIPE && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
- line_number = line_number_for_err_trap;
- run_error_trap ();
- line_number = save_line_number;
- }
-
- if (ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 &&
- ((posixly_correct && interactive == 0 && special_builtin_failed) ||
- (exit_immediately_on_error && pipe_in == NO_PIPE && pipe_out == NO_PIPE && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)))
- {
- last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
- run_pending_traps ();
- jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
- }
-
- break;
-
- case cm_for:
- if (ignore_return)
- command->value.For->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- exec_result = execute_for_command (command->value.For);
- break;
-
-#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
- case cm_arith_for:
- if (ignore_return)
- command->value.ArithFor->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- exec_result = execute_arith_for_command (command->value.ArithFor);
- break;
-#endif
-
-#if defined (SELECT_COMMAND)
- case cm_select:
- if (ignore_return)
- command->value.Select->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- exec_result = execute_select_command (command->value.Select);
- break;
-#endif
-
- case cm_case:
- if (ignore_return)
- command->value.Case->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- exec_result = execute_case_command (command->value.Case);
- break;
-
- case cm_while:
- if (ignore_return)
- command->value.While->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- exec_result = execute_while_command (command->value.While);
- break;
-
- case cm_until:
- if (ignore_return)
- command->value.While->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- exec_result = execute_until_command (command->value.While);
- break;
-
- case cm_if:
- if (ignore_return)
- command->value.If->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- exec_result = execute_if_command (command->value.If);
- break;
-
- case cm_group:
-
- /* This code can be executed from either of two paths: an explicit
- '{}' command, or via a function call. If we are executed via a
- function call, we have already taken care of the function being
- executed in the background (down there in execute_simple_command ()),
- and this command should *not* be marked as asynchronous. If we
- are executing a regular '{}' group command, and asynchronous == 1,
- we must want to execute the whole command in the background, so we
- need a subshell, and we want the stuff executed in that subshell
- (this group command) to be executed in the foreground of that
- subshell (i.e. there will not be *another* subshell forked).
-
- What we do is to force a subshell if asynchronous, and then call
- execute_command_internal again with asynchronous still set to 1,
- but with the original group command, so the printed command will
- look right.
-
- The code above that handles forking off subshells will note that
- both subshell and async are on, and turn off async in the child
- after forking the subshell (but leave async set in the parent, so
- the normal call to describe_pid is made). This turning off
- async is *crucial*; if it is not done, this will fall into an
- infinite loop of executions through this spot in subshell after
- subshell until the process limit is exhausted. */
-
- if (asynchronous)
- {
- command->flags |= CMD_FORCE_SUBSHELL;
- exec_result =
- execute_command_internal (command, 1, pipe_in, pipe_out,
- fds_to_close);
- }
- else
- {
- if (ignore_return && command->value.Group->command)
- command->value.Group->command->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- exec_result =
- execute_command_internal (command->value.Group->command,
- asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out,
- fds_to_close);
- }
- break;
-
- case cm_connection:
- exec_result = execute_connection (command, asynchronous,
- pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
- break;
-
-#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
- case cm_arith:
- was_error_trap = signal_is_trapped (ERROR_TRAP) && signal_is_ignored (ERROR_TRAP) == 0;
- if (ignore_return)
- command->value.Arith->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- line_number_for_err_trap = save_line_number = line_number;
- exec_result = execute_arith_command (command->value.Arith);
- line_number = save_line_number;
-
- if (was_error_trap && ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
- save_line_number = line_number;
- line_number = line_number_for_err_trap;
- run_error_trap ();
- line_number = save_line_number;
- }
-
- if (ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exit_immediately_on_error && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
- run_pending_traps ();
- jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
- }
-
- break;
-#endif
-
-#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
- case cm_cond:
- was_error_trap = signal_is_trapped (ERROR_TRAP) && signal_is_ignored (ERROR_TRAP) == 0;
- if (ignore_return)
- command->value.Cond->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
-
- line_number_for_err_trap = save_line_number = line_number;
- exec_result = execute_cond_command (command->value.Cond);
- line_number = save_line_number;
-
- if (was_error_trap && ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
- save_line_number = line_number;
- line_number = line_number_for_err_trap;
- run_error_trap ();
- line_number = save_line_number;
- }
-
- if (ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exit_immediately_on_error && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
- run_pending_traps ();
- jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
- }
-
- break;
-#endif
-
- case cm_function_def:
- exec_result = execute_intern_function (command->value.Function_def->name,
- command->value.Function_def);
- break;
-
- default:
- command_error ("execute_command", CMDERR_BADTYPE, command->type, 0);
- }
-
- if (my_undo_list)
- {
- do_redirections (my_undo_list, RX_ACTIVE);
- dispose_redirects (my_undo_list);
- }
-
- if (exec_undo_list)
- dispose_redirects (exec_undo_list);
-
- if (my_undo_list || exec_undo_list)
- discard_unwind_frame ("loop_redirections");
-
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
- if (saved_fifo)
- {
- nfifo = num_fifos ();
- if (nfifo > ofifo)
- close_new_fifos ((char *)ofifo_list, osize);
- free ((void *)ofifo_list);
- }
-#endif
-
- /* Invert the return value if we have to */
- if (invert)
- exec_result = (exec_result == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- ? EXECUTION_FAILURE
- : EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
-
-#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC) || defined (COND_COMMAND)
- /* This is where we set PIPESTATUS from the exit status of the appropriate
- compound commands (the ones that look enough like simple commands to
- cause confusion). We might be able to optimize by not doing this if
- subshell_environment != 0. */
- switch (command->type)
- {
-# if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
- case cm_arith:
-# endif
-# if defined (COND_COMMAND)
- case cm_cond:
-# endif
- set_pipestatus_from_exit (exec_result);
- break;
- }
-#endif
-
- last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
- run_pending_traps ();
-#if 0
- if (running_trap == 0)
-#endif
- currently_executing_command = (COMMAND *)NULL;
-
- return (last_command_exit_value);
-}
-
-#if defined (COMMAND_TIMING)
-
-#if defined (HAVE_GETRUSAGE) && defined (HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY)
-extern struct timeval *difftimeval __P((struct timeval *, struct timeval *, struct timeval *));
-extern struct timeval *addtimeval __P((struct timeval *, struct timeval *, struct timeval *));
-extern int timeval_to_cpu __P((struct timeval *, struct timeval *, struct timeval *));
-#endif
-
-#define POSIX_TIMEFORMAT "real %2R\nuser %2U\nsys %2S"
-#define BASH_TIMEFORMAT "\nreal\t%3lR\nuser\t%3lU\nsys\t%3lS"
-
-static const int precs[] = { 0, 100, 10, 1 };
-
-/* Expand one `%'-prefixed escape sequence from a time format string. */
-static int
-mkfmt (buf, prec, lng, sec, sec_fraction)
- char *buf;
- int prec, lng;
- time_t sec;
- int sec_fraction;
-{
- time_t min;
- char abuf[INT_STRLEN_BOUND(time_t) + 1];
- int ind, aind;
-
- ind = 0;
- abuf[sizeof(abuf) - 1] = '\0';
-
- /* If LNG is non-zero, we want to decompose SEC into minutes and seconds. */
- if (lng)
- {
- min = sec / 60;
- sec %= 60;
- aind = sizeof(abuf) - 2;
- do
- abuf[aind--] = (min % 10) + '0';
- while (min /= 10);
- aind++;
- while (abuf[aind])
- buf[ind++] = abuf[aind++];
- buf[ind++] = 'm';
- }
-
- /* Now add the seconds. */
- aind = sizeof (abuf) - 2;
- do
- abuf[aind--] = (sec % 10) + '0';
- while (sec /= 10);
- aind++;
- while (abuf[aind])
- buf[ind++] = abuf[aind++];
-
- /* We want to add a decimal point and PREC places after it if PREC is
- nonzero. PREC is not greater than 3. SEC_FRACTION is between 0
- and 999. */
- if (prec != 0)
- {
- buf[ind++] = '.';
- for (aind = 1; aind <= prec; aind++)
- {
- buf[ind++] = (sec_fraction / precs[aind]) + '0';
- sec_fraction %= precs[aind];
- }
- }
-
- if (lng)
- buf[ind++] = 's';
- buf[ind] = '\0';
-
- return (ind);
-}
-
-/* Interpret the format string FORMAT, interpolating the following escape
- sequences:
- %[prec][l][RUS]
-
- where the optional `prec' is a precision, meaning the number of
- characters after the decimal point, the optional `l' means to format
- using minutes and seconds (MMmNN[.FF]s), like the `times' builtin',
- and the last character is one of
-
- R number of seconds of `real' time
- U number of seconds of `user' time
- S number of seconds of `system' time
-
- An occurrence of `%%' in the format string is translated to a `%'. The
- result is printed to FP, a pointer to a FILE. The other variables are
- the seconds and thousandths of a second of real, user, and system time,
- resectively. */
-static void
-print_formatted_time (fp, format, rs, rsf, us, usf, ss, ssf, cpu)
- FILE *fp;
- char *format;
- time_t rs;
- int rsf;
- time_t us;
- int usf;
- time_t ss;
- int ssf, cpu;
-{
- int prec, lng, len;
- char *str, *s, ts[INT_STRLEN_BOUND (time_t) + sizeof ("mSS.FFFF")];
- time_t sum;
- int sum_frac;
- int sindex, ssize;
-
- len = strlen (format);
- ssize = (len + 64) - (len % 64);
- str = (char *)xmalloc (ssize);
- sindex = 0;
-
- for (s = format; *s; s++)
- {
- if (*s != '%' || s[1] == '\0')
- {
- RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER (str, sindex, 1, ssize, 64);
- str[sindex++] = *s;
- }
- else if (s[1] == '%')
- {
- s++;
- RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER (str, sindex, 1, ssize, 64);
- str[sindex++] = *s;
- }
- else if (s[1] == 'P')
- {
- s++;
-#if 0
- /* clamp CPU usage at 100% */
- if (cpu > 10000)
- cpu = 10000;
-#endif
- sum = cpu / 100;
- sum_frac = (cpu % 100) * 10;
- len = mkfmt (ts, 2, 0, sum, sum_frac);
- RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER (str, sindex, len, ssize, 64);
- strcpy (str + sindex, ts);
- sindex += len;
- }
- else
- {
- prec = 3; /* default is three places past the decimal point. */
- lng = 0; /* default is to not use minutes or append `s' */
- s++;
- if (DIGIT (*s)) /* `precision' */
- {
- prec = *s++ - '0';
- if (prec > 3) prec = 3;
- }
- if (*s == 'l') /* `length extender' */
- {
- lng = 1;
- s++;
- }
- if (*s == 'R' || *s == 'E')
- len = mkfmt (ts, prec, lng, rs, rsf);
- else if (*s == 'U')
- len = mkfmt (ts, prec, lng, us, usf);
- else if (*s == 'S')
- len = mkfmt (ts, prec, lng, ss, ssf);
- else
- {
- internal_error (_("TIMEFORMAT: `%c': invalid format character"), *s);
- free (str);
- return;
- }
- RESIZE_MALLOCED_BUFFER (str, sindex, len, ssize, 64);
- strcpy (str + sindex, ts);
- sindex += len;
- }
- }
-
- str[sindex] = '\0';
- fprintf (fp, "%s\n", str);
- fflush (fp);
-
- free (str);
-}
-
-static int
-time_command (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close)
- COMMAND *command;
- int asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out;
- struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
-{
- int rv, posix_time, old_flags, nullcmd;
- time_t rs, us, ss;
- int rsf, usf, ssf;
- int cpu;
- char *time_format;
-
-#if defined (HAVE_GETRUSAGE) && defined (HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY)
- struct timeval real, user, sys;
- struct timeval before, after;
-# if defined (HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEZONE)
- struct timezone dtz; /* posix doesn't define this */
-# endif
- struct rusage selfb, selfa, kidsb, kidsa; /* a = after, b = before */
-#else
-# if defined (HAVE_TIMES)
- clock_t tbefore, tafter, real, user, sys;
- struct tms before, after;
-# endif
-#endif
-
-#if defined (HAVE_GETRUSAGE) && defined (HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY)
-# if defined (HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEZONE)
- gettimeofday (&before, &dtz);
-# else
- gettimeofday (&before, (void *)NULL);
-# endif /* !HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEZONE */
- getrusage (RUSAGE_SELF, &selfb);
- getrusage (RUSAGE_CHILDREN, &kidsb);
-#else
-# if defined (HAVE_TIMES)
- tbefore = times (&before);
-# endif
-#endif
-
- posix_time = command && (command->flags & CMD_TIME_POSIX);
-
- nullcmd = (command == 0) || (command->type == cm_simple && command->value.Simple->words == 0 && command->value.Simple->redirects == 0);
- if (posixly_correct && nullcmd)
- {
-#if defined (HAVE_GETRUSAGE)
- selfb.ru_utime.tv_sec = kidsb.ru_utime.tv_sec = selfb.ru_stime.tv_sec = kidsb.ru_stime.tv_sec = 0;
- selfb.ru_utime.tv_usec = kidsb.ru_utime.tv_usec = selfb.ru_stime.tv_usec = kidsb.ru_stime.tv_usec = 0;
- before.tv_sec = shell_start_time;
- before.tv_usec = 0;
-#else
- before.tms_utime = before.tms_stime = before.tms_cutime = before.tms_cstime = 0;
- tbefore = shell_start_time;
-#endif
- }
-
- old_flags = command->flags;
- command->flags &= ~(CMD_TIME_PIPELINE|CMD_TIME_POSIX);
- rv = execute_command_internal (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
- command->flags = old_flags;
-
- rs = us = ss = 0;
- rsf = usf = ssf = cpu = 0;
-
-#if defined (HAVE_GETRUSAGE) && defined (HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY)
-# if defined (HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEZONE)
- gettimeofday (&after, &dtz);
-# else
- gettimeofday (&after, (void *)NULL);
-# endif /* !HAVE_STRUCT_TIMEZONE */
- getrusage (RUSAGE_SELF, &selfa);
- getrusage (RUSAGE_CHILDREN, &kidsa);
-
- difftimeval (&real, &before, &after);
- timeval_to_secs (&real, &rs, &rsf);
-
- addtimeval (&user, difftimeval(&after, &selfb.ru_utime, &selfa.ru_utime),
- difftimeval(&before, &kidsb.ru_utime, &kidsa.ru_utime));
- timeval_to_secs (&user, &us, &usf);
-
- addtimeval (&sys, difftimeval(&after, &selfb.ru_stime, &selfa.ru_stime),
- difftimeval(&before, &kidsb.ru_stime, &kidsa.ru_stime));
- timeval_to_secs (&sys, &ss, &ssf);
-
- cpu = timeval_to_cpu (&real, &user, &sys);
-#else
-# if defined (HAVE_TIMES)
- tafter = times (&after);
-
- real = tafter - tbefore;
- clock_t_to_secs (real, &rs, &rsf);
-
- user = (after.tms_utime - before.tms_utime) + (after.tms_cutime - before.tms_cutime);
- clock_t_to_secs (user, &us, &usf);
-
- sys = (after.tms_stime - before.tms_stime) + (after.tms_cstime - before.tms_cstime);
- clock_t_to_secs (sys, &ss, &ssf);
-
- cpu = (real == 0) ? 0 : ((user + sys) * 10000) / real;
-
-# else
- rs = us = ss = 0;
- rsf = usf = ssf = cpu = 0;
-# endif
-#endif
-
- if (posix_time)
- time_format = POSIX_TIMEFORMAT;
- else if ((time_format = get_string_value ("TIMEFORMAT")) == 0)
- {
- if (posixly_correct && nullcmd)
- time_format = "user\t%2lU\nsys\t%2lS";
- else
- time_format = BASH_TIMEFORMAT;
- }
- if (time_format && *time_format)
- print_formatted_time (stderr, time_format, rs, rsf, us, usf, ss, ssf, cpu);
-
- return rv;
-}
-#endif /* COMMAND_TIMING */
-
-/* Execute a command that's supposed to be in a subshell. This must be
- called after make_child and we must be running in the child process.
- The caller will return or exit() immediately with the value this returns. */
-static int
-execute_in_subshell (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close)
- COMMAND *command;
- int asynchronous;
- int pipe_in, pipe_out;
- struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
-{
- int user_subshell, return_code, function_value, should_redir_stdin, invert;
- int ois, user_coproc;
- int result;
- volatile COMMAND *tcom;
-
- USE_VAR(user_subshell);
- USE_VAR(user_coproc);
- USE_VAR(invert);
- USE_VAR(tcom);
- USE_VAR(asynchronous);
-
- subshell_level++;
- should_redir_stdin = (asynchronous && (command->flags & CMD_STDIN_REDIR) &&
- pipe_in == NO_PIPE &&
- stdin_redirects (command->redirects) == 0);
-
- invert = (command->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) != 0;
- user_subshell = command->type == cm_subshell || ((command->flags & CMD_WANT_SUBSHELL) != 0);
- user_coproc = command->type == cm_coproc;
-
- command->flags &= ~(CMD_FORCE_SUBSHELL | CMD_WANT_SUBSHELL | CMD_INVERT_RETURN);
-
- /* If a command is asynchronous in a subshell (like ( foo ) & or
- the special case of an asynchronous GROUP command where the
- the subshell bit is turned on down in case cm_group: below),
- turn off `asynchronous', so that two subshells aren't spawned.
- XXX - asynchronous used to be set to 0 in this block, but that
- means that setup_async_signals was never run. Now it's set to
- 0 after subshell_environment is set appropriately and setup_async_signals
- is run.
-
- This seems semantically correct to me. For example,
- ( foo ) & seems to say ``do the command `foo' in a subshell
- environment, but don't wait for that subshell to finish'',
- and "{ foo ; bar ; } &" seems to me to be like functions or
- builtins in the background, which executed in a subshell
- environment. I just don't see the need to fork two subshells. */
-
- /* Don't fork again, we are already in a subshell. A `doubly
- async' shell is not interactive, however. */
- if (asynchronous)
- {
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- /* If a construct like ( exec xxx yyy ) & is given while job
- control is active, we want to prevent exec from putting the
- subshell back into the original process group, carefully
- undoing all the work we just did in make_child. */
- original_pgrp = -1;
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
- ois = interactive_shell;
- interactive_shell = 0;
- /* This test is to prevent alias expansion by interactive shells that
- run `(command) &' but to allow scripts that have enabled alias
- expansion with `shopt -s expand_alias' to continue to expand
- aliases. */
- if (ois != interactive_shell)
- expand_aliases = 0;
- }
-
- /* Subshells are neither login nor interactive. */
- login_shell = interactive = 0;
-
- if (user_subshell)
- subshell_environment = SUBSHELL_PAREN;
- else
- {
- subshell_environment = 0; /* XXX */
- if (asynchronous)
- subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_ASYNC;
- if (pipe_in != NO_PIPE || pipe_out != NO_PIPE)
- subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_PIPE;
- if (user_coproc)
- subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_COPROC;
- }
-
- reset_terminating_signals (); /* in sig.c */
- /* Cancel traps, in trap.c. */
- /* Reset the signal handlers in the child, but don't free the
- trap strings. Set a flag noting that we have to free the
- trap strings if we run trap to change a signal disposition. */
- reset_signal_handlers ();
- subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_RESETTRAP;
-
- /* Make sure restore_original_signals doesn't undo the work done by
- make_child to ensure that asynchronous children are immune to SIGINT
- and SIGQUIT. Turn off asynchronous to make sure more subshells are
- not spawned. */
- if (asynchronous)
- {
- setup_async_signals ();
- asynchronous = 0;
- }
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- set_sigchld_handler ();
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
-
- set_sigint_handler ();
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- /* Delete all traces that there were any jobs running. This is
- only for subshells. */
- without_job_control ();
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
-
- if (fds_to_close)
- close_fd_bitmap (fds_to_close);
-
- do_piping (pipe_in, pipe_out);
-
-#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
- coproc_closeall ();
-#endif
-
- /* If this is a user subshell, set a flag if stdin was redirected.
- This is used later to decide whether to redirect fd 0 to
- /dev/null for async commands in the subshell. This adds more
- sh compatibility, but I'm not sure it's the right thing to do. */
- if (user_subshell)
- {
- stdin_redir = stdin_redirects (command->redirects);
- restore_default_signal (EXIT_TRAP);
- }
-
- /* If this is an asynchronous command (command &), we want to
- redirect the standard input from /dev/null in the absence of
- any specific redirection involving stdin. */
- if (should_redir_stdin && stdin_redir == 0)
- async_redirect_stdin ();
-
- /* Do redirections, then dispose of them before recursive call. */
- if (command->redirects)
- {
- if (do_redirections (command->redirects, RX_ACTIVE) != 0)
- exit (invert ? EXECUTION_SUCCESS : EXECUTION_FAILURE);
-
- dispose_redirects (command->redirects);
- command->redirects = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
- }
-
- if (command->type == cm_subshell)
- tcom = command->value.Subshell->command;
- else if (user_coproc)
- tcom = command->value.Coproc->command;
- else
- tcom = command;
-
- if (command->flags & CMD_TIME_PIPELINE)
- tcom->flags |= CMD_TIME_PIPELINE;
- if (command->flags & CMD_TIME_POSIX)
- tcom->flags |= CMD_TIME_POSIX;
-
- /* Make sure the subshell inherits any CMD_IGNORE_RETURN flag. */
- if ((command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) && tcom != command)
- tcom->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
-
- /* If this is a simple command, tell execute_disk_command that it
- might be able to get away without forking and simply exec.
- This means things like ( sleep 10 ) will only cause one fork.
- If we're timing the command or inverting its return value, however,
- we cannot do this optimization. */
- if ((user_subshell || user_coproc) && (tcom->type == cm_simple || tcom->type == cm_subshell) &&
- ((tcom->flags & CMD_TIME_PIPELINE) == 0) &&
- ((tcom->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) == 0))
- {
- tcom->flags |= CMD_NO_FORK;
- if (tcom->type == cm_simple)
- tcom->value.Simple->flags |= CMD_NO_FORK;
- }
-
- invert = (tcom->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) != 0;
- tcom->flags &= ~CMD_INVERT_RETURN;
-
- result = setjmp_nosigs (top_level);
-
- /* If we're inside a function while executing this subshell, we
- need to handle a possible `return'. */
- function_value = 0;
- if (return_catch_flag)
- function_value = setjmp_nosigs (return_catch);
-
- /* If we're going to exit the shell, we don't want to invert the return
- status. */
- if (result == EXITPROG)
- invert = 0, return_code = last_command_exit_value;
- else if (result)
- return_code = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- else if (function_value)
- return_code = return_catch_value;
- else
- return_code = execute_command_internal ((COMMAND *)tcom, asynchronous, NO_PIPE, NO_PIPE, fds_to_close);
-
- /* If we are asked to, invert the return value. */
- if (invert)
- return_code = (return_code == EXECUTION_SUCCESS) ? EXECUTION_FAILURE
- : EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
-
- /* If we were explicitly placed in a subshell with (), we need
- to do the `shell cleanup' things, such as running traps[0]. */
- if (user_subshell && signal_is_trapped (0))
- {
- last_command_exit_value = return_code;
- return_code = run_exit_trap ();
- }
-
- subshell_level--;
- return (return_code);
- /* NOTREACHED */
-}
-
-#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
-#define COPROC_MAX 16
-
-typedef struct cpelement
- {
- struct cpelement *next;
- struct coproc *coproc;
- }
-cpelement_t;
-
-typedef struct cplist
- {
- struct cpelement *head;
- struct cpelement *tail;
- int ncoproc;
- int lock;
- }
-cplist_t;
-
-static struct cpelement *cpe_alloc __P((struct coproc *));
-static void cpe_dispose __P((struct cpelement *));
-static struct cpelement *cpl_add __P((struct coproc *));
-static struct cpelement *cpl_delete __P((pid_t));
-static void cpl_reap __P((void));
-static void cpl_flush __P((void));
-static void cpl_closeall __P((void));
-static struct cpelement *cpl_search __P((pid_t));
-static struct cpelement *cpl_searchbyname __P((const char *));
-static void cpl_prune __P((void));
-
-static void coproc_free __P((struct coproc *));
-
-/* Will go away when there is fully-implemented support for multiple coprocs. */
-Coproc sh_coproc = { 0, NO_PID, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
-
-cplist_t coproc_list = {0, 0, 0};
-
-/* Functions to manage the list of coprocs */
-
-static struct cpelement *
-cpe_alloc (cp)
- Coproc *cp;
-{
- struct cpelement *cpe;
-
- cpe = (struct cpelement *)xmalloc (sizeof (struct cpelement));
- cpe->coproc = cp;
- cpe->next = (struct cpelement *)0;
- return cpe;
-}
-
-static void
-cpe_dispose (cpe)
- struct cpelement *cpe;
-{
- free (cpe);
-}
-
-static struct cpelement *
-cpl_add (cp)
- Coproc *cp;
-{
- struct cpelement *cpe;
-
- cpe = cpe_alloc (cp);
-
- if (coproc_list.head == 0)
- {
- coproc_list.head = coproc_list.tail = cpe;
- coproc_list.ncoproc = 0; /* just to make sure */
- }
- else
- {
- coproc_list.tail->next = cpe;
- coproc_list.tail = cpe;
- }
- coproc_list.ncoproc++;
-
- return cpe;
-}
-
-static struct cpelement *
-cpl_delete (pid)
- pid_t pid;
-{
- struct cpelement *prev, *p;
-
- for (prev = p = coproc_list.head; p; prev = p, p = p->next)
- if (p->coproc->c_pid == pid)
- {
- prev->next = p->next; /* remove from list */
- break;
- }
-
- if (p == 0)
- return 0; /* not found */
-
-#if defined (DEBUG)
- itrace("cpl_delete: deleting %d", pid);
-#endif
-
- /* Housekeeping in the border cases. */
- if (p == coproc_list.head)
- coproc_list.head = coproc_list.head->next;
- else if (p == coproc_list.tail)
- coproc_list.tail = prev;
-
- coproc_list.ncoproc--;
- if (coproc_list.ncoproc == 0)
- coproc_list.head = coproc_list.tail = 0;
- else if (coproc_list.ncoproc == 1)
- coproc_list.tail = coproc_list.head; /* just to make sure */
-
- return (p);
-}
-
-static void
-cpl_reap ()
-{
- struct cpelement *p, *next, *nh, *nt;
-
- /* Build a new list by removing dead coprocs and fix up the coproc_list
- pointers when done. */
- nh = nt = next = (struct cpelement *)0;
- for (p = coproc_list.head; p; p = next)
- {
- next = p->next;
- if (p->coproc->c_flags & COPROC_DEAD)
- {
- coproc_list.ncoproc--; /* keep running count, fix up pointers later */
-
-#if defined (DEBUG)
- itrace("cpl_reap: deleting %d", p->coproc->c_pid);
-#endif
-
- coproc_dispose (p->coproc);
- cpe_dispose (p);
- }
- else if (nh == 0)
- nh = nt = p;
- else
- {
- nt->next = p;
- nt = nt->next;
- }
- }
-
- if (coproc_list.ncoproc == 0)
- coproc_list.head = coproc_list.tail = 0;
- else
- {
- if (nt)
- nt->next = 0;
- coproc_list.head = nh;
- coproc_list.tail = nt;
- if (coproc_list.ncoproc == 1)
- coproc_list.tail = coproc_list.head; /* just to make sure */
- }
-}
-
-/* Clear out the list of saved statuses */
-static void
-cpl_flush ()
-{
- struct cpelement *cpe, *p;
-
- for (cpe = coproc_list.head; cpe; )
- {
- p = cpe;
- cpe = cpe->next;
-
- coproc_dispose (p->coproc);
- cpe_dispose (p);
- }
-
- coproc_list.head = coproc_list.tail = 0;
- coproc_list.ncoproc = 0;
-}
-
-static void
-cpl_closeall ()
-{
- struct cpelement *cpe;
-
- for (cpe = coproc_list.head; cpe; cpe = cpe->next)
- coproc_close (cpe->coproc);
-}
-
-static void
-cpl_fdchk (fd)
- int fd;
-{
- struct cpelement *cpe;
-
- for (cpe = coproc_list.head; cpe; cpe = cpe->next)
- coproc_checkfd (cpe->coproc, fd);
-}
-
-/* Search for PID in the list of coprocs; return the cpelement struct if
- found. If not found, return NULL. */
-static struct cpelement *
-cpl_search (pid)
- pid_t pid;
-{
- struct cpelement *cpe;
-
- for (cpe = coproc_list.head ; cpe; cpe = cpe->next)
- if (cpe->coproc->c_pid == pid)
- return cpe;
- return (struct cpelement *)NULL;
-}
-
-/* Search for the coproc named NAME in the list of coprocs; return the
- cpelement struct if found. If not found, return NULL. */
-static struct cpelement *
-cpl_searchbyname (name)
- const char *name;
-{
- struct cpelement *cp;
-
- for (cp = coproc_list.head ; cp; cp = cp->next)
- if (STREQ (cp->coproc->c_name, name))
- return cp;
- return (struct cpelement *)NULL;
-}
-
-#if 0
-static void
-cpl_prune ()
-{
- struct cpelement *cp;
-
- while (coproc_list.head && coproc_list.ncoproc > COPROC_MAX)
- {
- cp = coproc_list.head;
- coproc_list.head = coproc_list.head->next;
- coproc_dispose (cp->coproc);
- cpe_dispose (cp);
- coproc_list.ncoproc--;
- }
-}
-#endif
-
-/* These currently use a single global "shell coproc" but are written in a
- way to not preclude additional coprocs later (using the list management
- package above). */
-
-struct coproc *
-getcoprocbypid (pid)
- pid_t pid;
-{
-#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
- struct cpelement *p;
-
- p = cpl_search (pid);
- return (p ? p->coproc : 0);
-#else
- return (pid == sh_coproc.c_pid ? &sh_coproc : 0);
-#endif
-}
-
-struct coproc *
-getcoprocbyname (name)
- const char *name;
-{
-#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
- struct cpelement *p;
-
- p = cpl_searchbyname (name);
- return (p ? p->coproc : 0);
-#else
- return ((sh_coproc.c_name && STREQ (sh_coproc.c_name, name)) ? &sh_coproc : 0);
-#endif
-}
-
-void
-coproc_init (cp)
- struct coproc *cp;
-{
- cp->c_name = 0;
- cp->c_pid = NO_PID;
- cp->c_rfd = cp->c_wfd = -1;
- cp->c_rsave = cp->c_wsave = -1;
- cp->c_flags = cp->c_status = cp->c_lock = 0;
-}
-
-struct coproc *
-coproc_alloc (name, pid)
- char *name;
- pid_t pid;
-{
- struct coproc *cp;
-
-#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
- cp = (struct coproc *)xmalloc (sizeof (struct coproc));
-#else
- cp = &sh_coproc;
-#endif
- coproc_init (cp);
- cp->c_lock = 2;
-
- cp->c_pid = pid;
- cp->c_name = savestring (name);
-#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
- cpl_add (cp);
-#endif
- cp->c_lock = 0;
- return (cp);
-}
-
-static void
-coproc_free (cp)
- struct coproc *cp;
-{
- free (cp);
-}
-
-void
-coproc_dispose (cp)
- struct coproc *cp;
-{
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- if (cp == 0)
- return;
-
- BLOCK_SIGNAL (SIGCHLD, set, oset);
- cp->c_lock = 3;
- coproc_unsetvars (cp);
- FREE (cp->c_name);
- coproc_close (cp);
-#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
- coproc_free (cp);
-#else
- coproc_init (cp);
- cp->c_lock = 0;
-#endif
- UNBLOCK_SIGNAL (oset);
-}
-
-/* Placeholder for now. Will require changes for multiple coprocs */
-void
-coproc_flush ()
-{
-#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
- cpl_flush ();
-#else
- coproc_dispose (&sh_coproc);
-#endif
-}
-
-void
-coproc_close (cp)
- struct coproc *cp;
-{
- if (cp->c_rfd >= 0)
- {
- close (cp->c_rfd);
- cp->c_rfd = -1;
- }
- if (cp->c_wfd >= 0)
- {
- close (cp->c_wfd);
- cp->c_wfd = -1;
- }
- cp->c_rsave = cp->c_wsave = -1;
-}
-
-void
-coproc_closeall ()
-{
-#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
- cpl_closeall ();
-#else
- coproc_close (&sh_coproc); /* XXX - will require changes for multiple coprocs */
-#endif
-}
-
-void
-coproc_reap ()
-{
-#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
- cpl_reap ();
-#else
- struct coproc *cp;
-
- cp = &sh_coproc; /* XXX - will require changes for multiple coprocs */
- if (cp && (cp->c_flags & COPROC_DEAD))
- coproc_dispose (cp);
-#endif
-}
-
-void
-coproc_rclose (cp, fd)
- struct coproc *cp;
- int fd;
-{
- if (cp->c_rfd >= 0 && cp->c_rfd == fd)
- {
- close (cp->c_rfd);
- cp->c_rfd = -1;
- }
-}
-
-void
-coproc_wclose (cp, fd)
- struct coproc *cp;
- int fd;
-{
- if (cp->c_wfd >= 0 && cp->c_wfd == fd)
- {
- close (cp->c_wfd);
- cp->c_wfd = -1;
- }
-}
-
-void
-coproc_checkfd (cp, fd)
- struct coproc *cp;
- int fd;
-{
- int update;
-
- update = 0;
- if (cp->c_rfd >= 0 && cp->c_rfd == fd)
- update = cp->c_rfd = -1;
- if (cp->c_wfd >= 0 && cp->c_wfd == fd)
- update = cp->c_wfd = -1;
- if (update)
- coproc_setvars (cp);
-}
-
-void
-coproc_fdchk (fd)
- int fd;
-{
-#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
- cpl_fdchk (fd);
-#else
- coproc_checkfd (&sh_coproc, fd);
-#endif
-}
-
-void
-coproc_fdclose (cp, fd)
- struct coproc *cp;
- int fd;
-{
- coproc_rclose (cp, fd);
- coproc_wclose (cp, fd);
- coproc_setvars (cp);
-}
-
-void
-coproc_fdsave (cp)
- struct coproc *cp;
-{
- cp->c_rsave = cp->c_rfd;
- cp->c_wsave = cp->c_wfd;
-}
-
-void
-coproc_fdrestore (cp)
- struct coproc *cp;
-{
- cp->c_rfd = cp->c_rsave;
- cp->c_wfd = cp->c_wsave;
-}
-
-void
-coproc_pidchk (pid, status)
- pid_t pid;
-{
- struct coproc *cp;
-
-#if MULTIPLE_COPROCS
- struct cpelement *cpe;
-
- cpe = cpl_delete (pid);
- cp = cpe ? cpe->coproc : 0;
-#else
- cp = getcoprocbypid (pid);
-#endif
- if (cp)
- {
- cp->c_lock = 4;
- cp->c_status = status;
- cp->c_flags |= COPROC_DEAD;
- cp->c_flags &= ~COPROC_RUNNING;
- /* Don't dispose the coproc or unset the COPROC_XXX variables because
- this is executed in a signal handler context. Wait until coproc_reap
- takes care of it. */
- cp->c_lock = 0;
- }
-}
-
-void
-coproc_setvars (cp)
- struct coproc *cp;
-{
- SHELL_VAR *v;
- char *namevar, *t;
- int l;
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- arrayind_t ind;
-#endif
-
- if (cp->c_name == 0)
- return;
-
- l = strlen (cp->c_name);
- namevar = xmalloc (l + 16);
-
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- v = find_variable (cp->c_name);
- if (v == 0)
- v = make_new_array_variable (cp->c_name);
- if (array_p (v) == 0)
- v = convert_var_to_array (v);
-
- t = itos (cp->c_rfd);
- ind = 0;
- v = bind_array_variable (cp->c_name, ind, t, 0);
- free (t);
-
- t = itos (cp->c_wfd);
- ind = 1;
- bind_array_variable (cp->c_name, ind, t, 0);
- free (t);
-#else
- sprintf (namevar, "%s_READ", cp->c_name);
- t = itos (cp->c_rfd);
- bind_variable (namevar, t, 0);
- free (t);
- sprintf (namevar, "%s_WRITE", cp->c_name);
- t = itos (cp->c_wfd);
- bind_variable (namevar, t, 0);
- free (t);
-#endif
-
- sprintf (namevar, "%s_PID", cp->c_name);
- t = itos (cp->c_pid);
- bind_variable (namevar, t, 0);
- free (t);
-
- free (namevar);
-}
-
-void
-coproc_unsetvars (cp)
- struct coproc *cp;
-{
- int l;
- char *namevar;
-
- if (cp->c_name == 0)
- return;
-
- l = strlen (cp->c_name);
- namevar = xmalloc (l + 16);
-
- sprintf (namevar, "%s_PID", cp->c_name);
- unbind_variable (namevar);
-
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- unbind_variable (cp->c_name);
-#else
- sprintf (namevar, "%s_READ", cp->c_name);
- unbind_variable (namevar);
- sprintf (namevar, "%s_WRITE", cp->c_name);
- unbind_variable (namevar);
-#endif
-
- free (namevar);
-}
-
-static int
-execute_coproc (command, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close)
- COMMAND *command;
- int pipe_in, pipe_out;
- struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
-{
- int rpipe[2], wpipe[2], estat, invert;
- pid_t coproc_pid;
- Coproc *cp;
- char *tcmd;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- /* XXX -- can be removed after changes to handle multiple coprocs */
-#if !MULTIPLE_COPROCS
- if (sh_coproc.c_pid != NO_PID)
- internal_warning ("execute_coproc: coproc [%d:%s] still exists", sh_coproc.c_pid, sh_coproc.c_name);
- coproc_init (&sh_coproc);
-#endif
-
- invert = (command->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) != 0;
- command_string_index = 0;
- tcmd = make_command_string (command);
-
- sh_openpipe ((int *)&rpipe); /* 0 = parent read, 1 = child write */
- sh_openpipe ((int *)&wpipe); /* 0 = child read, 1 = parent write */
-
- BLOCK_SIGNAL (SIGCHLD, set, oset);
-
- coproc_pid = make_child (savestring (tcmd), 1);
-
- if (coproc_pid == 0)
- {
- close (rpipe[0]);
- close (wpipe[1]);
-
- UNBLOCK_SIGNAL (oset);
- estat = execute_in_subshell (command, 1, wpipe[0], rpipe[1], fds_to_close);
-
- fflush (stdout);
- fflush (stderr);
-
- exit (estat);
- }
-
- close (rpipe[1]);
- close (wpipe[0]);
-
- /* XXX - possibly run Coproc->name through word expansion? */
- cp = coproc_alloc (command->value.Coproc->name, coproc_pid);
- cp->c_rfd = rpipe[0];
- cp->c_wfd = wpipe[1];
-
- SET_CLOSE_ON_EXEC (cp->c_rfd);
- SET_CLOSE_ON_EXEC (cp->c_wfd);
-
- coproc_setvars (cp);
-
- UNBLOCK_SIGNAL (oset);
-
-#if 0
- itrace ("execute_coproc: [%d] %s", coproc_pid, the_printed_command);
-#endif
-
- close_pipes (pipe_in, pipe_out);
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION) && defined (HAVE_DEV_FD)
- unlink_fifo_list ();
-#endif
- stop_pipeline (1, (COMMAND *)NULL);
- DESCRIBE_PID (coproc_pid);
- run_pending_traps ();
-
- return (invert ? EXECUTION_FAILURE : EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
-}
-#endif
-
-static void
-restore_stdin (s)
- int s;
-{
- dup2 (s, 0);
- close (s);
-}
-
-/* Catch-all cleanup function for lastpipe code for unwind-protects */
-static void
-lastpipe_cleanup (s)
- int s;
-{
- unfreeze_jobs_list ();
-}
-
-static int
-execute_pipeline (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close)
- COMMAND *command;
- int asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out;
- struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
-{
- int prev, fildes[2], new_bitmap_size, dummyfd, ignore_return, exec_result;
- int lstdin, lastpipe_flag, lastpipe_jid;
- COMMAND *cmd;
- struct fd_bitmap *fd_bitmap;
- pid_t lastpid;
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- sigset_t set, oset;
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
-
- ignore_return = (command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) != 0;
-
- prev = pipe_in;
- cmd = command;
-
- while (cmd && cmd->type == cm_connection &&
- cmd->value.Connection && cmd->value.Connection->connector == '|')
- {
- /* Make a pipeline between the two commands. */
- if (pipe (fildes) < 0)
- {
- sys_error (_("pipe error"));
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- terminate_current_pipeline ();
- kill_current_pipeline ();
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
- last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- /* The unwind-protects installed below will take care
- of closing all of the open file descriptors. */
- throw_to_top_level ();
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE); /* XXX */
- }
-
- /* Here is a problem: with the new file close-on-exec
- code, the read end of the pipe (fildes[0]) stays open
- in the first process, so that process will never get a
- SIGPIPE. There is no way to signal the first process
- that it should close fildes[0] after forking, so it
- remains open. No SIGPIPE is ever sent because there
- is still a file descriptor open for reading connected
- to the pipe. We take care of that here. This passes
- around a bitmap of file descriptors that must be
- closed after making a child process in execute_simple_command. */
-
- /* We need fd_bitmap to be at least as big as fildes[0].
- If fildes[0] is less than fds_to_close->size, then
- use fds_to_close->size. */
- new_bitmap_size = (fildes[0] < fds_to_close->size)
- ? fds_to_close->size
- : fildes[0] + 8;
-
- fd_bitmap = new_fd_bitmap (new_bitmap_size);
-
- /* Now copy the old information into the new bitmap. */
- xbcopy ((char *)fds_to_close->bitmap, (char *)fd_bitmap->bitmap, fds_to_close->size);
-
- /* And mark the pipe file descriptors to be closed. */
- fd_bitmap->bitmap[fildes[0]] = 1;
-
- /* In case there are pipe or out-of-processes errors, we
- want all these file descriptors to be closed when
- unwind-protects are run, and the storage used for the
- bitmaps freed up. */
- begin_unwind_frame ("pipe-file-descriptors");
- add_unwind_protect (dispose_fd_bitmap, fd_bitmap);
- add_unwind_protect (close_fd_bitmap, fd_bitmap);
- if (prev >= 0)
- add_unwind_protect (close, prev);
- dummyfd = fildes[1];
- add_unwind_protect (close, dummyfd);
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- add_unwind_protect (restore_signal_mask, &oset);
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
-
- if (ignore_return && cmd->value.Connection->first)
- cmd->value.Connection->first->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- execute_command_internal (cmd->value.Connection->first, asynchronous,
- prev, fildes[1], fd_bitmap);
-
- if (prev >= 0)
- close (prev);
-
- prev = fildes[0];
- close (fildes[1]);
-
- dispose_fd_bitmap (fd_bitmap);
- discard_unwind_frame ("pipe-file-descriptors");
-
- cmd = cmd->value.Connection->second;
- }
-
- lastpid = last_made_pid;
-
- /* Now execute the rightmost command in the pipeline. */
- if (ignore_return && cmd)
- cmd->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
-
- lastpipe_flag = 0;
-
- begin_unwind_frame ("lastpipe-exec");
- lstdin = -1;
- /* If the `lastpipe' option is set with shopt, and job control is not
- enabled, execute the last element of non-async pipelines in the
- current shell environment. */
- if (lastpipe_opt && job_control == 0 && asynchronous == 0 && pipe_out == NO_PIPE && prev > 0)
- {
- lstdin = move_to_high_fd (0, 1, -1);
- if (lstdin > 0)
- {
- do_piping (prev, pipe_out);
- prev = NO_PIPE;
- add_unwind_protect (restore_stdin, lstdin);
- lastpipe_flag = 1;
- freeze_jobs_list ();
- lastpipe_jid = stop_pipeline (0, (COMMAND *)NULL); /* XXX */
- add_unwind_protect (lastpipe_cleanup, lastpipe_jid);
- }
- if (cmd)
- cmd->flags |= CMD_LASTPIPE;
- }
- if (prev >= 0)
- add_unwind_protect (close, prev);
-
- exec_result = execute_command_internal (cmd, asynchronous, prev, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
-
- if (lstdin > 0)
- restore_stdin (lstdin);
-
- if (prev >= 0)
- close (prev);
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-#endif
-
- QUIT;
-
- if (lastpipe_flag)
- {
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- append_process (savestring (the_printed_command), dollar_dollar_pid, exec_result, lastpipe_jid);
-#endif
- lstdin = wait_for (lastpid);
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- exec_result = job_exit_status (lastpipe_jid);
-#endif
- unfreeze_jobs_list ();
- }
-
- discard_unwind_frame ("lastpipe-exec");
-
- return (exec_result);
-}
-
-static int
-execute_connection (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close)
- COMMAND *command;
- int asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out;
- struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
-{
- COMMAND *tc, *second;
- int ignore_return, exec_result, was_error_trap, invert;
- volatile int save_line_number;
-
- ignore_return = (command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) != 0;
-
- switch (command->value.Connection->connector)
- {
- /* Do the first command asynchronously. */
- case '&':
- tc = command->value.Connection->first;
- if (tc == 0)
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
-
- if (ignore_return)
- tc->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- tc->flags |= CMD_AMPERSAND;
-
- /* If this shell was compiled without job control support,
- if we are currently in a subshell via `( xxx )', or if job
- control is not active then the standard input for an
- asynchronous command is forced to /dev/null. */
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- if ((subshell_environment || !job_control) && !stdin_redir)
-#else
- if (!stdin_redir)
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
- tc->flags |= CMD_STDIN_REDIR;
-
- exec_result = execute_command_internal (tc, 1, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
- QUIT;
-
- if (tc->flags & CMD_STDIN_REDIR)
- tc->flags &= ~CMD_STDIN_REDIR;
-
- second = command->value.Connection->second;
- if (second)
- {
- if (ignore_return)
- second->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
-
- exec_result = execute_command_internal (second, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
- }
-
- break;
-
- /* Just call execute command on both sides. */
- case ';':
- if (ignore_return)
- {
- if (command->value.Connection->first)
- command->value.Connection->first->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- if (command->value.Connection->second)
- command->value.Connection->second->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- }
- executing_list++;
- QUIT;
- execute_command (command->value.Connection->first);
- QUIT;
- exec_result = execute_command_internal (command->value.Connection->second,
- asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out,
- fds_to_close);
- executing_list--;
- break;
-
- case '|':
- was_error_trap = signal_is_trapped (ERROR_TRAP) && signal_is_ignored (ERROR_TRAP) == 0;
- invert = (command->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN) != 0;
- ignore_return = (command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) != 0;
-
- line_number_for_err_trap = line_number;
- exec_result = execute_pipeline (command, asynchronous, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
-
- if (was_error_trap && ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
- save_line_number = line_number;
- line_number = line_number_for_err_trap;
- run_error_trap ();
- line_number = save_line_number;
- }
-
- if (ignore_return == 0 && invert == 0 && exit_immediately_on_error && exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- last_command_exit_value = exec_result;
- run_pending_traps ();
- jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
- }
-
- break;
-
- case AND_AND:
- case OR_OR:
- if (asynchronous)
- {
- /* If we have something like `a && b &' or `a || b &', run the
- && or || stuff in a subshell. Force a subshell and just call
- execute_command_internal again. Leave asynchronous on
- so that we get a report from the parent shell about the
- background job. */
- command->flags |= CMD_FORCE_SUBSHELL;
- exec_result = execute_command_internal (command, 1, pipe_in, pipe_out, fds_to_close);
- break;
- }
-
- /* Execute the first command. If the result of that is successful
- and the connector is AND_AND, or the result is not successful
- and the connector is OR_OR, then execute the second command,
- otherwise return. */
-
- executing_list++;
- if (command->value.Connection->first)
- command->value.Connection->first->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
-
- exec_result = execute_command (command->value.Connection->first);
- QUIT;
- if (((command->value.Connection->connector == AND_AND) &&
- (exec_result == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)) ||
- ((command->value.Connection->connector == OR_OR) &&
- (exec_result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)))
- {
- if (ignore_return && command->value.Connection->second)
- command->value.Connection->second->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
-
- exec_result = execute_command (command->value.Connection->second);
- }
- executing_list--;
- break;
-
- default:
- command_error ("execute_connection", CMDERR_BADCONN, command->value.Connection->connector, 0);
- jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
- exec_result = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- }
-
- return exec_result;
-}
-
-#define REAP() \
- do \
- { \
- if (!interactive_shell) \
- reap_dead_jobs (); \
- } \
- while (0)
-
-/* Execute a FOR command. The syntax is: FOR word_desc IN word_list;
- DO command; DONE */
-static int
-execute_for_command (for_command)
- FOR_COM *for_command;
-{
- register WORD_LIST *releaser, *list;
- SHELL_VAR *v;
- char *identifier;
- int retval, save_line_number;
-#if 0
- SHELL_VAR *old_value = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL; /* Remember the old value of x. */
-#endif
-
- save_line_number = line_number;
- if (check_identifier (for_command->name, 1) == 0)
- {
- if (posixly_correct && interactive_shell == 0)
- {
- last_command_exit_value = EX_BADUSAGE;
- jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
- }
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
-
- loop_level++;
- identifier = for_command->name->word;
-
- line_number = for_command->line; /* for expansion error messages */
- list = releaser = expand_words_no_vars (for_command->map_list);
-
- begin_unwind_frame ("for");
- add_unwind_protect (dispose_words, releaser);
-
-#if 0
- if (lexical_scoping)
- {
- old_value = copy_variable (find_variable (identifier));
- if (old_value)
- add_unwind_protect (dispose_variable, old_value);
- }
-#endif
-
- if (for_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN)
- for_command->action->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
-
- for (retval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS; list; list = list->next)
- {
- QUIT;
-
- line_number = for_command->line;
-
- /* Remember what this command looks like, for debugger. */
- command_string_index = 0;
- print_for_command_head (for_command);
-
- if (echo_command_at_execute)
- xtrace_print_for_command_head (for_command);
-
- /* Save this command unless it's a trap command and we're not running
- a debug trap. */
- if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && running_trap == 0)
- {
- FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
- the_printed_command_except_trap = savestring (the_printed_command);
- }
-
- retval = run_debug_trap ();
-#if defined (DEBUGGER)
- /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
- skip the command. */
- if (debugging_mode && retval != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- continue;
-#endif
-
- this_command_name = (char *)NULL;
- /* XXX - special ksh93 for command index variable handling */
- v = find_variable_last_nameref (identifier);
- if (v && nameref_p (v))
- {
- v = bind_variable_value (v, list->word->word, 0);
- }
- else
- v = bind_variable (identifier, list->word->word, 0);
- if (readonly_p (v) || noassign_p (v))
- {
- line_number = save_line_number;
- if (readonly_p (v) && interactive_shell == 0 && posixly_correct)
- {
- last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- jump_to_top_level (FORCE_EOF);
- }
- else
- {
- dispose_words (releaser);
- discard_unwind_frame ("for");
- loop_level--;
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
- }
-itrace("execute_for_command: calling execute_command");
- retval = execute_command (for_command->action);
- REAP ();
- QUIT;
-itrace("execute_for_command: execute_command returns %d", retval);
-
- if (breaking)
- {
- breaking--;
- break;
- }
-
- if (continuing)
- {
- continuing--;
- if (continuing)
- break;
- }
- }
-
- loop_level--;
- line_number = save_line_number;
-
-#if 0
- if (lexical_scoping)
- {
- if (!old_value)
- unbind_variable (identifier);
- else
- {
- SHELL_VAR *new_value;
-
- new_value = bind_variable (identifier, value_cell(old_value), 0);
- new_value->attributes = old_value->attributes;
- dispose_variable (old_value);
- }
- }
-#endif
-
- dispose_words (releaser);
- discard_unwind_frame ("for");
- return (retval);
-}
-
-#if defined (ARITH_FOR_COMMAND)
-/* Execute an arithmetic for command. The syntax is
-
- for (( init ; step ; test ))
- do
- body
- done
-
- The execution should be exactly equivalent to
-
- eval \(\( init \)\)
- while eval \(\( test \)\) ; do
- body;
- eval \(\( step \)\)
- done
-*/
-static intmax_t
-eval_arith_for_expr (l, okp)
- WORD_LIST *l;
- int *okp;
-{
- WORD_LIST *new;
- intmax_t expresult;
- int r;
-
- new = expand_words_no_vars (l);
- if (new)
- {
- if (echo_command_at_execute)
- xtrace_print_arith_cmd (new);
- this_command_name = "(("; /* )) for expression error messages */
-
- command_string_index = 0;
- print_arith_command (new);
- if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0)
- {
- FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
- the_printed_command_except_trap = savestring (the_printed_command);
- }
-
- r = run_debug_trap ();
- /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
- skip the command. */
-#if defined (DEBUGGER)
- if (debugging_mode == 0 || r == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- expresult = evalexp (new->word->word, okp);
- else
- {
- expresult = 0;
- if (okp)
- *okp = 1;
- }
-#else
- expresult = evalexp (new->word->word, okp);
-#endif
- dispose_words (new);
- }
- else
- {
- expresult = 0;
- if (okp)
- *okp = 1;
- }
- return (expresult);
-}
-
-static int
-execute_arith_for_command (arith_for_command)
- ARITH_FOR_COM *arith_for_command;
-{
- intmax_t expresult;
- int expok, body_status, arith_lineno, save_lineno;
-
- body_status = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
- loop_level++;
- save_lineno = line_number;
-
- if (arith_for_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN)
- arith_for_command->action->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
-
- this_command_name = "(("; /* )) for expression error messages */
-
- /* save the starting line number of the command so we can reset
- line_number before executing each expression -- for $LINENO
- and the DEBUG trap. */
- line_number = arith_lineno = arith_for_command->line;
- if (variable_context && interactive_shell)
- line_number -= function_line_number;
-
- /* Evaluate the initialization expression. */
- expresult = eval_arith_for_expr (arith_for_command->init, &expok);
- if (expok == 0)
- {
- line_number = save_lineno;
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
-
- while (1)
- {
- /* Evaluate the test expression. */
- line_number = arith_lineno;
- expresult = eval_arith_for_expr (arith_for_command->test, &expok);
- line_number = save_lineno;
-
- if (expok == 0)
- {
- body_status = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- break;
- }
- REAP ();
- if (expresult == 0)
- break;
-
- /* Execute the body of the arithmetic for command. */
- QUIT;
- body_status = execute_command (arith_for_command->action);
- QUIT;
-
- /* Handle any `break' or `continue' commands executed by the body. */
- if (breaking)
- {
- breaking--;
- break;
- }
-
- if (continuing)
- {
- continuing--;
- if (continuing)
- break;
- }
-
- /* Evaluate the step expression. */
- line_number = arith_lineno;
- expresult = eval_arith_for_expr (arith_for_command->step, &expok);
- line_number = save_lineno;
-
- if (expok == 0)
- {
- body_status = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- break;
- }
- }
-
- loop_level--;
- line_number = save_lineno;
-
- return (body_status);
-}
-#endif
-
-#if defined (SELECT_COMMAND)
-static int LINES, COLS, tabsize;
-
-#define RP_SPACE ") "
-#define RP_SPACE_LEN 2
-
-/* XXX - does not handle numbers > 1000000 at all. */
-#define NUMBER_LEN(s) \
-((s < 10) ? 1 \
- : ((s < 100) ? 2 \
- : ((s < 1000) ? 3 \
- : ((s < 10000) ? 4 \
- : ((s < 100000) ? 5 \
- : 6)))))
-
-static int
-displen (s)
- const char *s;
-{
-#if defined (HANDLE_MULTIBYTE)
- wchar_t *wcstr;
- size_t slen;
- int wclen;
-
- wcstr = 0;
- slen = mbstowcs (wcstr, s, 0);
- if (slen == -1)
- slen = 0;
- wcstr = (wchar_t *)xmalloc (sizeof (wchar_t) * (slen + 1));
- mbstowcs (wcstr, s, slen + 1);
- wclen = wcswidth (wcstr, slen);
- free (wcstr);
- return (wclen < 0 ? STRLEN(s) : wclen);
-#else
- return (STRLEN (s));
-#endif
-}
-
-static int
-print_index_and_element (len, ind, list)
- int len, ind;
- WORD_LIST *list;
-{
- register WORD_LIST *l;
- register int i;
-
- if (list == 0)
- return (0);
- for (i = ind, l = list; l && --i; l = l->next)
- ;
- if (l == 0) /* don't think this can happen */
- return (0);
- fprintf (stderr, "%*d%s%s", len, ind, RP_SPACE, l->word->word);
- return (displen (l->word->word));
-}
-
-static void
-indent (from, to)
- int from, to;
-{
- while (from < to)
- {
- if ((to / tabsize) > (from / tabsize))
- {
- putc ('\t', stderr);
- from += tabsize - from % tabsize;
- }
- else
- {
- putc (' ', stderr);
- from++;
- }
- }
-}
-
-static void
-print_select_list (list, list_len, max_elem_len, indices_len)
- WORD_LIST *list;
- int list_len, max_elem_len, indices_len;
-{
- int ind, row, elem_len, pos, cols, rows;
- int first_column_indices_len, other_indices_len;
-
- if (list == 0)
- {
- putc ('\n', stderr);
- return;
- }
-
- cols = max_elem_len ? COLS / max_elem_len : 1;
- if (cols == 0)
- cols = 1;
- rows = list_len ? list_len / cols + (list_len % cols != 0) : 1;
- cols = list_len ? list_len / rows + (list_len % rows != 0) : 1;
-
- if (rows == 1)
- {
- rows = cols;
- cols = 1;
- }
-
- first_column_indices_len = NUMBER_LEN (rows);
- other_indices_len = indices_len;
-
- for (row = 0; row < rows; row++)
- {
- ind = row;
- pos = 0;
- while (1)
- {
- indices_len = (pos == 0) ? first_column_indices_len : other_indices_len;
- elem_len = print_index_and_element (indices_len, ind + 1, list);
- elem_len += indices_len + RP_SPACE_LEN;
- ind += rows;
- if (ind >= list_len)
- break;
- indent (pos + elem_len, pos + max_elem_len);
- pos += max_elem_len;
- }
- putc ('\n', stderr);
- }
-}
-
-/* Print the elements of LIST, one per line, preceded by an index from 1 to
- LIST_LEN. Then display PROMPT and wait for the user to enter a number.
- If the number is between 1 and LIST_LEN, return that selection. If EOF
- is read, return a null string. If a blank line is entered, or an invalid
- number is entered, the loop is executed again. */
-static char *
-select_query (list, list_len, prompt, print_menu)
- WORD_LIST *list;
- int list_len;
- char *prompt;
- int print_menu;
-{
- int max_elem_len, indices_len, len;
- intmax_t reply;
- WORD_LIST *l;
- char *repl_string, *t;
-
-#if 0
- t = get_string_value ("LINES");
- LINES = (t && *t) ? atoi (t) : 24;
-#endif
- t = get_string_value ("COLUMNS");
- COLS = (t && *t) ? atoi (t) : 80;
-
-#if 0
- t = get_string_value ("TABSIZE");
- tabsize = (t && *t) ? atoi (t) : 8;
- if (tabsize <= 0)
- tabsize = 8;
-#else
- tabsize = 8;
-#endif
-
- max_elem_len = 0;
- for (l = list; l; l = l->next)
- {
- len = displen (l->word->word);
- if (len > max_elem_len)
- max_elem_len = len;
- }
- indices_len = NUMBER_LEN (list_len);
- max_elem_len += indices_len + RP_SPACE_LEN + 2;
-
- while (1)
- {
- if (print_menu)
- print_select_list (list, list_len, max_elem_len, indices_len);
- fprintf (stderr, "%s", prompt);
- fflush (stderr);
- QUIT;
-
- if (read_builtin ((WORD_LIST *)NULL) != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- putchar ('\n');
- return ((char *)NULL);
- }
- repl_string = get_string_value ("REPLY");
- if (*repl_string == 0)
- {
- print_menu = 1;
- continue;
- }
- if (legal_number (repl_string, &reply) == 0)
- return "";
- if (reply < 1 || reply > list_len)
- return "";
-
- for (l = list; l && --reply; l = l->next)
- ;
- return (l->word->word); /* XXX - can't be null? */
- }
-}
-
-/* Execute a SELECT command. The syntax is:
- SELECT word IN list DO command_list DONE
- Only `break' or `return' in command_list will terminate
- the command. */
-static int
-execute_select_command (select_command)
- SELECT_COM *select_command;
-{
- WORD_LIST *releaser, *list;
- SHELL_VAR *v;
- char *identifier, *ps3_prompt, *selection;
- int retval, list_len, show_menu, save_line_number;
-
- if (check_identifier (select_command->name, 1) == 0)
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
-
- save_line_number = line_number;
- line_number = select_command->line;
-
- command_string_index = 0;
- print_select_command_head (select_command);
-
- if (echo_command_at_execute)
- xtrace_print_select_command_head (select_command);
-
-#if 0
- if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && (this_command_name == 0 || (STREQ (this_command_name, "trap") == 0)))
-#else
- if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && running_trap == 0)
-#endif
- {
- FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
- the_printed_command_except_trap = savestring (the_printed_command);
- }
-
- retval = run_debug_trap ();
-#if defined (DEBUGGER)
- /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
- skip the command. */
- if (debugging_mode && retval != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
-#endif
-
- loop_level++;
- identifier = select_command->name->word;
-
- /* command and arithmetic substitution, parameter and variable expansion,
- word splitting, pathname expansion, and quote removal. */
- list = releaser = expand_words_no_vars (select_command->map_list);
- list_len = list_length (list);
- if (list == 0 || list_len == 0)
- {
- if (list)
- dispose_words (list);
- line_number = save_line_number;
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
- }
-
- begin_unwind_frame ("select");
- add_unwind_protect (dispose_words, releaser);
-
- if (select_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN)
- select_command->action->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
-
- retval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
- show_menu = 1;
-
- while (1)
- {
- line_number = select_command->line;
- ps3_prompt = get_string_value ("PS3");
- if (ps3_prompt == 0)
- ps3_prompt = "#? ";
-
- QUIT;
- selection = select_query (list, list_len, ps3_prompt, show_menu);
- QUIT;
- if (selection == 0)
- {
- /* select_query returns EXECUTION_FAILURE if the read builtin
- fails, so we want to return failure in this case. */
- retval = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- break;
- }
-
- v = bind_variable (identifier, selection, 0);
- if (readonly_p (v) || noassign_p (v))
- {
- if (readonly_p (v) && interactive_shell == 0 && posixly_correct)
- {
- last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- jump_to_top_level (FORCE_EOF);
- }
- else
- {
- dispose_words (releaser);
- discard_unwind_frame ("select");
- loop_level--;
- line_number = save_line_number;
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
- }
-
- retval = execute_command (select_command->action);
-
- REAP ();
- QUIT;
-
- if (breaking)
- {
- breaking--;
- break;
- }
-
- if (continuing)
- {
- continuing--;
- if (continuing)
- break;
- }
-
-#if defined (KSH_COMPATIBLE_SELECT)
- show_menu = 0;
- selection = get_string_value ("REPLY");
- if (selection && *selection == '\0')
- show_menu = 1;
-#endif
- }
-
- loop_level--;
- line_number = save_line_number;
-
- dispose_words (releaser);
- discard_unwind_frame ("select");
- return (retval);
-}
-#endif /* SELECT_COMMAND */
-
-/* Execute a CASE command. The syntax is: CASE word_desc IN pattern_list ESAC.
- The pattern_list is a linked list of pattern clauses; each clause contains
- some patterns to compare word_desc against, and an associated command to
- execute. */
-static int
-execute_case_command (case_command)
- CASE_COM *case_command;
-{
- register WORD_LIST *list;
- WORD_LIST *wlist, *es;
- PATTERN_LIST *clauses;
- char *word, *pattern;
- int retval, match, ignore_return, save_line_number;
-
- save_line_number = line_number;
- line_number = case_command->line;
-
- command_string_index = 0;
- print_case_command_head (case_command);
-
- if (echo_command_at_execute)
- xtrace_print_case_command_head (case_command);
-
-#if 0
- if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && (this_command_name == 0 || (STREQ (this_command_name, "trap") == 0)))
-#else
- if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && running_trap == 0)
-#endif
- {
- FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
- the_printed_command_except_trap = savestring (the_printed_command);
- }
-
- retval = run_debug_trap();
-#if defined (DEBUGGER)
- /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
- skip the command. */
- if (debugging_mode && retval != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- line_number = save_line_number;
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
- }
-#endif
-
- wlist = expand_word_unsplit (case_command->word, 0);
- word = wlist ? string_list (wlist) : savestring ("");
- dispose_words (wlist);
-
- retval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
- ignore_return = case_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
-
- begin_unwind_frame ("case");
- add_unwind_protect ((Function *)xfree, word);
-
-#define EXIT_CASE() goto exit_case_command
-
- for (clauses = case_command->clauses; clauses; clauses = clauses->next)
- {
- QUIT;
- for (list = clauses->patterns; list; list = list->next)
- {
- es = expand_word_leave_quoted (list->word, 0);
-
- if (es && es->word && es->word->word && *(es->word->word))
- pattern = quote_string_for_globbing (es->word->word, QGLOB_CVTNULL);
- else
- {
- pattern = (char *)xmalloc (1);
- pattern[0] = '\0';
- }
-
- /* Since the pattern does not undergo quote removal (as per
- Posix.2, section 3.9.4.3), the strmatch () call must be able
- to recognize backslashes as escape characters. */
- match = strmatch (pattern, word, FNMATCH_EXTFLAG|FNMATCH_IGNCASE) != FNM_NOMATCH;
- free (pattern);
-
- dispose_words (es);
-
- if (match)
- {
- do
- {
- if (clauses->action && ignore_return)
- clauses->action->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- retval = execute_command (clauses->action);
- }
- while ((clauses->flags & CASEPAT_FALLTHROUGH) && (clauses = clauses->next));
- if (clauses == 0 || (clauses->flags & CASEPAT_TESTNEXT) == 0)
- EXIT_CASE ();
- else
- break;
- }
-
- QUIT;
- }
- }
-
-exit_case_command:
- free (word);
- discard_unwind_frame ("case");
- line_number = save_line_number;
- return (retval);
-}
-
-#define CMD_WHILE 0
-#define CMD_UNTIL 1
-
-/* The WHILE command. Syntax: WHILE test DO action; DONE.
- Repeatedly execute action while executing test produces
- EXECUTION_SUCCESS. */
-static int
-execute_while_command (while_command)
- WHILE_COM *while_command;
-{
- return (execute_while_or_until (while_command, CMD_WHILE));
-}
-
-/* UNTIL is just like WHILE except that the test result is negated. */
-static int
-execute_until_command (while_command)
- WHILE_COM *while_command;
-{
- return (execute_while_or_until (while_command, CMD_UNTIL));
-}
-
-/* The body for both while and until. The only difference between the
- two is that the test value is treated differently. TYPE is
- CMD_WHILE or CMD_UNTIL. The return value for both commands should
- be EXECUTION_SUCCESS if no commands in the body are executed, and
- the status of the last command executed in the body otherwise. */
-static int
-execute_while_or_until (while_command, type)
- WHILE_COM *while_command;
- int type;
-{
- int return_value, body_status;
-
- body_status = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
- loop_level++;
-
- while_command->test->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- if (while_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN)
- while_command->action->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
-
- while (1)
- {
- return_value = execute_command (while_command->test);
- REAP ();
-
- /* Need to handle `break' in the test when we would break out of the
- loop. The job control code will set `breaking' to loop_level
- when a job in a loop is stopped with SIGTSTP. If the stopped job
- is in the loop test, `breaking' will not be reset unless we do
- this, and the shell will cease to execute commands. */
- if (type == CMD_WHILE && return_value != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- if (breaking)
- breaking--;
- break;
- }
- if (type == CMD_UNTIL && return_value == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- if (breaking)
- breaking--;
- break;
- }
-
- QUIT;
- body_status = execute_command (while_command->action);
- QUIT;
-
- if (breaking)
- {
- breaking--;
- break;
- }
-
- if (continuing)
- {
- continuing--;
- if (continuing)
- break;
- }
- }
- loop_level--;
-
- return (body_status);
-}
-
-/* IF test THEN command [ELSE command].
- IF also allows ELIF in the place of ELSE IF, but
- the parser makes *that* stupidity transparent. */
-static int
-execute_if_command (if_command)
- IF_COM *if_command;
-{
- int return_value, save_line_number;
-
- save_line_number = line_number;
- if_command->test->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- return_value = execute_command (if_command->test);
- line_number = save_line_number;
-
- if (return_value == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- QUIT;
-
- if (if_command->true_case && (if_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN))
- if_command->true_case->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
-
- return (execute_command (if_command->true_case));
- }
- else
- {
- QUIT;
-
- if (if_command->false_case && (if_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN))
- if_command->false_case->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
-
- return (execute_command (if_command->false_case));
- }
-}
-
-#if defined (DPAREN_ARITHMETIC)
-static int
-execute_arith_command (arith_command)
- ARITH_COM *arith_command;
-{
- int expok, save_line_number, retval;
- intmax_t expresult;
- WORD_LIST *new;
- char *exp;
-
- expresult = 0;
-
- save_line_number = line_number;
- this_command_name = "(("; /* )) */
- line_number = arith_command->line;
- /* If we're in a function, update the line number information. */
- if (variable_context && interactive_shell)
- line_number -= function_line_number;
-
- command_string_index = 0;
- print_arith_command (arith_command->exp);
-
- if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0)
- {
- FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
- the_printed_command_except_trap = savestring (the_printed_command);
- }
-
- /* Run the debug trap before each arithmetic command, but do it after we
- update the line number information and before we expand the various
- words in the expression. */
- retval = run_debug_trap ();
-#if defined (DEBUGGER)
- /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
- skip the command. */
- if (debugging_mode && retval != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- line_number = save_line_number;
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
- }
-#endif
-
- new = expand_words_no_vars (arith_command->exp);
-
- /* If we're tracing, make a new word list with `((' at the front and `))'
- at the back and print it. */
- if (echo_command_at_execute)
- xtrace_print_arith_cmd (new);
-
- if (new)
- {
- exp = new->next ? string_list (new) : new->word->word;
- expresult = evalexp (exp, &expok);
- line_number = save_line_number;
- if (exp != new->word->word)
- free (exp);
- dispose_words (new);
- }
- else
- {
- expresult = 0;
- expok = 1;
- }
-
- if (expok == 0)
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
-
- return (expresult == 0 ? EXECUTION_FAILURE : EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
-}
-#endif /* DPAREN_ARITHMETIC */
-
-#if defined (COND_COMMAND)
-
-static char * const nullstr = "";
-
-/* XXX - can COND ever be NULL when this is called? */
-static int
-execute_cond_node (cond)
- COND_COM *cond;
-{
- int result, invert, patmatch, rmatch, mflags, ignore;
- char *arg1, *arg2;
-#if 0
- char *t1, *t2;
-#endif
-
- invert = (cond->flags & CMD_INVERT_RETURN);
- ignore = (cond->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN);
- if (ignore)
- {
- if (cond->left)
- cond->left->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- if (cond->right)
- cond->right->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
- }
-
- if (cond->type == COND_EXPR)
- result = execute_cond_node (cond->left);
- else if (cond->type == COND_OR)
- {
- result = execute_cond_node (cond->left);
- if (result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- result = execute_cond_node (cond->right);
- }
- else if (cond->type == COND_AND)
- {
- result = execute_cond_node (cond->left);
- if (result == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- result = execute_cond_node (cond->right);
- }
- else if (cond->type == COND_UNARY)
- {
- if (ignore)
- comsub_ignore_return++;
- arg1 = cond_expand_word (cond->left->op, 0);
- if (ignore)
- comsub_ignore_return--;
- if (arg1 == 0)
- arg1 = nullstr;
- if (echo_command_at_execute)
- xtrace_print_cond_term (cond->type, invert, cond->op, arg1, (char *)NULL);
- result = unary_test (cond->op->word, arg1) ? EXECUTION_SUCCESS : EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- if (arg1 != nullstr)
- free (arg1);
- }
- else if (cond->type == COND_BINARY)
- {
- rmatch = 0;
- patmatch = (((cond->op->word[1] == '=') && (cond->op->word[2] == '\0') &&
- (cond->op->word[0] == '!' || cond->op->word[0] == '=')) ||
- (cond->op->word[0] == '=' && cond->op->word[1] == '\0'));
-#if defined (COND_REGEXP)
- rmatch = (cond->op->word[0] == '=' && cond->op->word[1] == '~' &&
- cond->op->word[2] == '\0');
-#endif
-
- if (ignore)
- comsub_ignore_return++;
- arg1 = cond_expand_word (cond->left->op, 0);
- if (ignore)
- comsub_ignore_return--;
- if (arg1 == 0)
- arg1 = nullstr;
- if (ignore)
- comsub_ignore_return++;
- arg2 = cond_expand_word (cond->right->op,
- (rmatch && shell_compatibility_level > 31) ? 2 : (patmatch ? 1 : 0));
- if (ignore)
- comsub_ignore_return--;
- if (arg2 == 0)
- arg2 = nullstr;
-
- if (echo_command_at_execute)
- xtrace_print_cond_term (cond->type, invert, cond->op, arg1, arg2);
-
-#if defined (COND_REGEXP)
- if (rmatch)
- {
- mflags = SHMAT_PWARN;
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- mflags |= SHMAT_SUBEXP;
-#endif
-
-#if 0
- t1 = strescape(arg1);
- t2 = strescape(arg2);
- itrace("execute_cond_node: sh_regmatch on `%s' and `%s'", t1, t2);
- free(t1);
- free(t2);
-#endif
-
- result = sh_regmatch (arg1, arg2, mflags);
- }
- else
-#endif /* COND_REGEXP */
- {
- int oe;
- oe = extended_glob;
- extended_glob = 1;
- result = binary_test (cond->op->word, arg1, arg2, TEST_PATMATCH|TEST_ARITHEXP|TEST_LOCALE)
- ? EXECUTION_SUCCESS
- : EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- extended_glob = oe;
- }
- if (arg1 != nullstr)
- free (arg1);
- if (arg2 != nullstr)
- free (arg2);
- }
- else
- {
- command_error ("execute_cond_node", CMDERR_BADTYPE, cond->type, 0);
- jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
- result = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- }
-
- if (invert)
- result = (result == EXECUTION_SUCCESS) ? EXECUTION_FAILURE : EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
-
- return result;
-}
-
-static int
-execute_cond_command (cond_command)
- COND_COM *cond_command;
-{
- int retval, save_line_number;
-
- retval = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
- save_line_number = line_number;
-
- this_command_name = "[[";
- line_number = cond_command->line;
- /* If we're in a function, update the line number information. */
- if (variable_context && interactive_shell)
- line_number -= function_line_number;
- command_string_index = 0;
- print_cond_command (cond_command);
-
- if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0)
- {
- FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
- the_printed_command_except_trap = savestring (the_printed_command);
- }
-
- /* Run the debug trap before each conditional command, but do it after we
- update the line number information. */
- retval = run_debug_trap ();
-#if defined (DEBUGGER)
- /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
- skip the command. */
- if (debugging_mode && retval != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- line_number = save_line_number;
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
- }
-#endif
-
-#if 0
- debug_print_cond_command (cond_command);
-#endif
-
- last_command_exit_value = retval = execute_cond_node (cond_command);
- line_number = save_line_number;
- return (retval);
-}
-#endif /* COND_COMMAND */
-
-static void
-bind_lastarg (arg)
- char *arg;
-{
- SHELL_VAR *var;
-
- if (arg == 0)
- arg = "";
- var = bind_variable ("_", arg, 0);
- VUNSETATTR (var, att_exported);
-}
-
-/* Execute a null command. Fork a subshell if the command uses pipes or is
- to be run asynchronously. This handles all the side effects that are
- supposed to take place. */
-static int
-execute_null_command (redirects, pipe_in, pipe_out, async)
- REDIRECT *redirects;
- int pipe_in, pipe_out, async;
-{
- int r;
- int forcefork;
- REDIRECT *rd;
-
- for (forcefork = 0, rd = redirects; rd; rd = rd->next)
- forcefork += rd->rflags & REDIR_VARASSIGN;
-
- if (forcefork || pipe_in != NO_PIPE || pipe_out != NO_PIPE || async)
- {
- /* We have a null command, but we really want a subshell to take
- care of it. Just fork, do piping and redirections, and exit. */
- if (make_child ((char *)NULL, async) == 0)
- {
- /* Cancel traps, in trap.c. */
- restore_original_signals (); /* XXX */
-
- do_piping (pipe_in, pipe_out);
-
-#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
- coproc_closeall ();
-#endif
-
- subshell_environment = 0;
- if (async)
- subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_ASYNC;
- if (pipe_in != NO_PIPE || pipe_out != NO_PIPE)
- subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_PIPE;
-
- if (do_redirections (redirects, RX_ACTIVE) == 0)
- exit (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
- else
- exit (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
- else
- {
- close_pipes (pipe_in, pipe_out);
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION) && defined (HAVE_DEV_FD)
- if (pipe_out == NO_PIPE)
- unlink_fifo_list ();
-#endif
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
- }
- }
- else
- {
- /* Even if there aren't any command names, pretend to do the
- redirections that are specified. The user expects the side
- effects to take place. If the redirections fail, then return
- failure. Otherwise, if a command substitution took place while
- expanding the command or a redirection, return the value of that
- substitution. Otherwise, return EXECUTION_SUCCESS. */
-
- r = do_redirections (redirects, RX_ACTIVE|RX_UNDOABLE);
- cleanup_redirects (redirection_undo_list);
- redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
-
- if (r != 0)
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- else if (last_command_subst_pid != NO_PID)
- return (last_command_exit_value);
- else
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
- }
-}
-
-/* This is a hack to suppress word splitting for assignment statements
- given as arguments to builtins with the ASSIGNMENT_BUILTIN flag set. */
-static void
-fix_assignment_words (words)
- WORD_LIST *words;
-{
- WORD_LIST *w, *wcmd;
- struct builtin *b;
- int assoc, global, array, integer;
-
- if (words == 0)
- return;
-
- b = 0;
- assoc = global = array = integer = 0;
-
- /* Skip over assignment statements preceding a command name */
- wcmd = words;
- for (wcmd = words; wcmd; wcmd = wcmd->next)
- if ((wcmd->word->flags & W_ASSIGNMENT) == 0)
- break;
-
- for (w = wcmd; w; w = w->next)
- if (w->word->flags & W_ASSIGNMENT)
- {
- if (b == 0)
- {
- /* Posix (post-2008) says that `command' doesn't change whether
- or not the builtin it shadows is a `declaration command', even
- though it removes other special builtin properties. In Posix
- mode, we skip over one or more instances of `command' and
- deal with the next word as the assignment builtin. */
- while (posixly_correct && wcmd && wcmd->word && wcmd->word->word && STREQ (wcmd->word->word, "command"))
- wcmd = wcmd->next;
- b = builtin_address_internal (wcmd->word->word, 0);
- if (b == 0 || (b->flags & ASSIGNMENT_BUILTIN) == 0)
- return;
- else if (b && (b->flags & ASSIGNMENT_BUILTIN))
- wcmd->word->flags |= W_ASSNBLTIN;
- }
- w->word->flags |= (W_NOSPLIT|W_NOGLOB|W_TILDEEXP|W_ASSIGNARG);
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- if (assoc)
- w->word->flags |= W_ASSIGNASSOC;
- if (array)
- w->word->flags |= W_ASSIGNARRAY;
-#endif
- if (global)
- w->word->flags |= W_ASSNGLOBAL;
- if (integer)
- w->word->flags |= W_ASSIGNINT;
- }
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- /* Note that we saw an associative array option to a builtin that takes
- assignment statements. This is a bit of a kludge. */
- else if (w->word->word[0] == '-' && (strchr (w->word->word+1, 'A') || strchr (w->word->word+1, 'a') || strchr (w->word->word+1, 'g')))
-#else
- else if (w->word->word[0] == '-' && strchr (w->word->word+1, 'g'))
-#endif
- {
- if (b == 0)
- {
- while (posixly_correct && wcmd && wcmd->word && wcmd->word->word && STREQ (wcmd->word->word, "command"))
- wcmd = wcmd->next;
- b = builtin_address_internal (wcmd->word->word, 0);
- if (b == 0 || (b->flags & ASSIGNMENT_BUILTIN) == 0)
- return;
- else if (b && (b->flags & ASSIGNMENT_BUILTIN))
- wcmd->word->flags |= W_ASSNBLTIN;
- }
- if ((wcmd->word->flags & W_ASSNBLTIN) && strchr (w->word->word+1, 'A'))
- assoc = 1;
- else if ((wcmd->word->flags & W_ASSNBLTIN) && strchr (w->word->word+1, 'a'))
- array = 1;
- if ((wcmd->word->flags & W_ASSNBLTIN) && strchr (w->word->word+1, 'g'))
- global = 1;
- if ((wcmd->word->flags & W_ASSNBLTIN) && strchr (w->word->word+1, 'i'))
- integer = 1;
- }
-}
-
-/* Return 1 if the file found by searching $PATH for PATHNAME, defaulting
- to PATHNAME, is a directory. Used by the autocd code below. */
-static int
-is_dirname (pathname)
- char *pathname;
-{
- char *temp;
- int ret;
-
- temp = search_for_command (pathname, 0);
- ret = (temp ? file_isdir (temp) : file_isdir (pathname));
- free (temp);
- return ret;
-}
-
-/* The meaty part of all the executions. We have to start hacking the
- real execution of commands here. Fork a process, set things up,
- execute the command. */
-static int
-execute_simple_command (simple_command, pipe_in, pipe_out, async, fds_to_close)
- SIMPLE_COM *simple_command;
- int pipe_in, pipe_out, async;
- struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
-{
- WORD_LIST *words, *lastword;
- char *command_line, *lastarg, *temp;
- int first_word_quoted, result, builtin_is_special, already_forked, dofork;
- pid_t old_last_async_pid;
- sh_builtin_func_t *builtin;
- SHELL_VAR *func;
- volatile int old_builtin, old_command_builtin;
-
- result = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
- special_builtin_failed = builtin_is_special = 0;
- command_line = (char *)0;
-
- QUIT;
-
- /* If we're in a function, update the line number information. */
- if (variable_context && interactive_shell && sourcelevel == 0)
- line_number -= function_line_number;
-
- /* Remember what this command line looks like at invocation. */
- command_string_index = 0;
- print_simple_command (simple_command);
-
-#if 0
- if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && (this_command_name == 0 || (STREQ (this_command_name, "trap") == 0)))
-#else
- if (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) == 0 && running_trap == 0)
-#endif
- {
- FREE (the_printed_command_except_trap);
- the_printed_command_except_trap = the_printed_command ? savestring (the_printed_command) : (char *)0;
- }
-
- /* Run the debug trap before each simple command, but do it after we
- update the line number information. */
- result = run_debug_trap ();
-#if defined (DEBUGGER)
- /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
- skip the command. */
- if (debugging_mode && result != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
-#endif
-
- first_word_quoted =
- simple_command->words ? (simple_command->words->word->flags & W_QUOTED) : 0;
-
- last_command_subst_pid = NO_PID;
- old_last_async_pid = last_asynchronous_pid;
-
- already_forked = dofork = 0;
-
- /* If we're in a pipeline or run in the background, set DOFORK so we
- make the child early, before word expansion. This keeps assignment
- statements from affecting the parent shell's environment when they
- should not. */
- dofork = pipe_in != NO_PIPE || pipe_out != NO_PIPE || async;
-
- /* Something like `%2 &' should restart job 2 in the background, not cause
- the shell to fork here. */
- if (dofork && pipe_in == NO_PIPE && pipe_out == NO_PIPE &&
- simple_command->words && simple_command->words->word &&
- simple_command->words->word->word &&
- (simple_command->words->word->word[0] == '%'))
- dofork = 0;
-
- if (dofork)
- {
- /* Do this now, because execute_disk_command will do it anyway in the
- vast majority of cases. */
- maybe_make_export_env ();
-
- /* Don't let a DEBUG trap overwrite the command string to be saved with
- the process/job associated with this child. */
- if (make_child (savestring (the_printed_command_except_trap), async) == 0)
- {
- already_forked = 1;
- simple_command->flags |= CMD_NO_FORK;
-
- subshell_environment = SUBSHELL_FORK;
- if (pipe_in != NO_PIPE || pipe_out != NO_PIPE)
- subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_PIPE;
- if (async)
- subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_ASYNC;
-
- /* We need to do this before piping to handle some really
- pathological cases where one of the pipe file descriptors
- is < 2. */
- if (fds_to_close)
- close_fd_bitmap (fds_to_close);
-
- do_piping (pipe_in, pipe_out);
- pipe_in = pipe_out = NO_PIPE;
-#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
- coproc_closeall ();
-#endif
-
- last_asynchronous_pid = old_last_async_pid;
-
- CHECK_SIGTERM;
- }
- else
- {
- /* Don't let simple commands that aren't the last command in a
- pipeline change $? for the rest of the pipeline (or at all). */
- if (pipe_out != NO_PIPE)
- result = last_command_exit_value;
- close_pipes (pipe_in, pipe_out);
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION) && defined (HAVE_DEV_FD)
- /* Close /dev/fd file descriptors in the parent after forking the
- last child in a (possibly one-element) pipeline. Defer this
- until any running shell function completes. */
- if (pipe_out == NO_PIPE && variable_context == 0) /* XXX */
- unlink_fifo_list (); /* XXX */
-#endif
- command_line = (char *)NULL; /* don't free this. */
- bind_lastarg ((char *)NULL);
- return (result);
- }
- }
-
- /* If we are re-running this as the result of executing the `command'
- builtin, do not expand the command words a second time. */
- if ((simple_command->flags & CMD_INHIBIT_EXPANSION) == 0)
- {
- current_fds_to_close = fds_to_close;
- fix_assignment_words (simple_command->words);
- /* Pass the ignore return flag down to command substitutions */
- if (simple_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) /* XXX */
- comsub_ignore_return++;
- words = expand_words (simple_command->words);
- if (simple_command->flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN)
- comsub_ignore_return--;
- current_fds_to_close = (struct fd_bitmap *)NULL;
- }
- else
- words = copy_word_list (simple_command->words);
-
- /* It is possible for WORDS not to have anything left in it.
- Perhaps all the words consisted of `$foo', and there was
- no variable `$foo'. */
- if (words == 0)
- {
- this_command_name = 0;
- result = execute_null_command (simple_command->redirects,
- pipe_in, pipe_out,
- already_forked ? 0 : async);
- if (already_forked)
- exit (result);
- else
- {
- bind_lastarg ((char *)NULL);
- set_pipestatus_from_exit (result);
- return (result);
- }
- }
-
- lastarg = (char *)NULL;
-
- begin_unwind_frame ("simple-command");
-
- if (echo_command_at_execute)
- xtrace_print_word_list (words, 1);
-
- builtin = (sh_builtin_func_t *)NULL;
- func = (SHELL_VAR *)NULL;
- if ((simple_command->flags & CMD_NO_FUNCTIONS) == 0)
- {
- /* Posix.2 says special builtins are found before functions. We
- don't set builtin_is_special anywhere other than here, because
- this path is followed only when the `command' builtin is *not*
- being used, and we don't want to exit the shell if a special
- builtin executed with `command builtin' fails. `command' is not
- a special builtin. */
- if (posixly_correct)
- {
- builtin = find_special_builtin (words->word->word);
- if (builtin)
- builtin_is_special = 1;
- }
- if (builtin == 0)
- func = find_function (words->word->word);
- }
-
- /* In POSIX mode, assignment errors in the temporary environment cause a
- non-interactive shell to exit. */
- if (posixly_correct && builtin_is_special && interactive_shell == 0 && tempenv_assign_error)
- {
- last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
- }
- tempenv_assign_error = 0; /* don't care about this any more */
-
- add_unwind_protect (dispose_words, words);
- QUIT;
-
- /* Bind the last word in this command to "$_" after execution. */
- for (lastword = words; lastword->next; lastword = lastword->next)
- ;
- lastarg = lastword->word->word;
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- /* Is this command a job control related thing? */
- if (words->word->word[0] == '%' && already_forked == 0)
- {
- this_command_name = async ? "bg" : "fg";
- last_shell_builtin = this_shell_builtin;
- this_shell_builtin = builtin_address (this_command_name);
- result = (*this_shell_builtin) (words);
- goto return_result;
- }
-
- /* One other possibililty. The user may want to resume an existing job.
- If they do, find out whether this word is a candidate for a running
- job. */
- if (job_control && already_forked == 0 && async == 0 &&
- !first_word_quoted &&
- !words->next &&
- words->word->word[0] &&
- !simple_command->redirects &&
- pipe_in == NO_PIPE &&
- pipe_out == NO_PIPE &&
- (temp = get_string_value ("auto_resume")))
- {
- int job, jflags, started_status;
-
- jflags = JM_STOPPED|JM_FIRSTMATCH;
- if (STREQ (temp, "exact"))
- jflags |= JM_EXACT;
- else if (STREQ (temp, "substring"))
- jflags |= JM_SUBSTRING;
- else
- jflags |= JM_PREFIX;
- job = get_job_by_name (words->word->word, jflags);
- if (job != NO_JOB)
- {
- run_unwind_frame ("simple-command");
- this_command_name = "fg";
- last_shell_builtin = this_shell_builtin;
- this_shell_builtin = builtin_address ("fg");
-
- started_status = start_job (job, 1);
- return ((started_status < 0) ? EXECUTION_FAILURE : started_status);
- }
- }
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
-
-run_builtin:
- /* Remember the name of this command globally. */
- this_command_name = words->word->word;
-
- QUIT;
-
- /* This command could be a shell builtin or a user-defined function.
- We have already found special builtins by this time, so we do not
- set builtin_is_special. If this is a function or builtin, and we
- have pipes, then fork a subshell in here. Otherwise, just execute
- the command directly. */
- if (func == 0 && builtin == 0)
- builtin = find_shell_builtin (this_command_name);
-
- last_shell_builtin = this_shell_builtin;
- this_shell_builtin = builtin;
-
- if (builtin || func)
- {
- if (builtin)
- {
- old_builtin = executing_builtin;
- old_command_builtin = executing_command_builtin;
- unwind_protect_int (executing_builtin); /* modified in execute_builtin */
- unwind_protect_int (executing_command_builtin); /* ditto */
- }
- if (already_forked)
- {
- /* reset_terminating_signals (); */ /* XXX */
- /* Reset the signal handlers in the child, but don't free the
- trap strings. Set a flag noting that we have to free the
- trap strings if we run trap to change a signal disposition. */
- reset_signal_handlers ();
- subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_RESETTRAP;
-
- if (async)
- {
- if ((simple_command->flags & CMD_STDIN_REDIR) &&
- pipe_in == NO_PIPE &&
- (stdin_redirects (simple_command->redirects) == 0))
- async_redirect_stdin ();
- setup_async_signals ();
- }
-
- subshell_level++;
- execute_subshell_builtin_or_function
- (words, simple_command->redirects, builtin, func,
- pipe_in, pipe_out, async, fds_to_close,
- simple_command->flags);
- subshell_level--;
- }
- else
- {
- result = execute_builtin_or_function
- (words, builtin, func, simple_command->redirects, fds_to_close,
- simple_command->flags);
- if (builtin)
- {
- if (result > EX_SHERRBASE)
- {
- switch (result)
- {
- case EX_REDIRFAIL:
- case EX_BADASSIGN:
- case EX_EXPFAIL:
- /* These errors cause non-interactive posix mode shells to exit */
- if (posixly_correct && builtin_is_special && interactive_shell == 0)
- {
- last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
- }
- }
- result = builtin_status (result);
- if (builtin_is_special)
- special_builtin_failed = 1;
- }
- /* In POSIX mode, if there are assignment statements preceding
- a special builtin, they persist after the builtin
- completes. */
- if (posixly_correct && builtin_is_special && temporary_env)
- merge_temporary_env ();
- }
- else /* function */
- {
- if (result == EX_USAGE)
- result = EX_BADUSAGE;
- else if (result > EX_SHERRBASE)
- result = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- }
-
- set_pipestatus_from_exit (result);
-
- goto return_result;
- }
- }
-
- if (autocd && interactive && words->word && is_dirname (words->word->word))
- {
- words = make_word_list (make_word ("cd"), words);
- xtrace_print_word_list (words, 0);
- goto run_builtin;
- }
-
- if (command_line == 0)
- command_line = savestring (the_printed_command_except_trap ? the_printed_command_except_trap : "");
-
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
- if ((subshell_environment & SUBSHELL_COMSUB) && (simple_command->flags & CMD_NO_FORK) && fifos_pending() > 0)
- simple_command->flags &= ~CMD_NO_FORK;
-#endif
-
- result = execute_disk_command (words, simple_command->redirects, command_line,
- pipe_in, pipe_out, async, fds_to_close,
- simple_command->flags);
-
- return_result:
- bind_lastarg (lastarg);
- FREE (command_line);
- dispose_words (words);
- if (builtin)
- {
- executing_builtin = old_builtin;
- executing_command_builtin = old_command_builtin;
- }
- discard_unwind_frame ("simple-command");
- this_command_name = (char *)NULL; /* points to freed memory now */
- return (result);
-}
-
-/* Translate the special builtin exit statuses. We don't really need a
- function for this; it's a placeholder for future work. */
-static int
-builtin_status (result)
- int result;
-{
- int r;
-
- switch (result)
- {
- case EX_USAGE:
- r = EX_BADUSAGE;
- break;
- case EX_REDIRFAIL:
- case EX_BADSYNTAX:
- case EX_BADASSIGN:
- case EX_EXPFAIL:
- r = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
- break;
- default:
- r = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
- break;
- }
- return (r);
-}
-
-static int
-execute_builtin (builtin, words, flags, subshell)
- sh_builtin_func_t *builtin;
- WORD_LIST *words;
- int flags, subshell;
-{
- int old_e_flag, result, eval_unwind;
- int isbltinenv;
- char *error_trap;
-
- error_trap = 0;
- old_e_flag = exit_immediately_on_error;
-
- /* The eval builtin calls parse_and_execute, which does not know about
- the setting of flags, and always calls the execution functions with
- flags that will exit the shell on an error if -e is set. If the
- eval builtin is being called, and we're supposed to ignore the exit
- value of the command, we turn the -e flag off ourselves and disable
- the ERR trap, then restore them when the command completes. This is
- also a problem (as below) for the command and source/. builtins. */
- if (subshell == 0 && (flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN) &&
- (builtin == eval_builtin || builtin == command_builtin || builtin == source_builtin))
- {
- begin_unwind_frame ("eval_builtin");
- unwind_protect_int (exit_immediately_on_error);
- unwind_protect_int (builtin_ignoring_errexit);
- error_trap = TRAP_STRING (ERROR_TRAP);
- if (error_trap)
- {
- error_trap = savestring (error_trap);
- add_unwind_protect (xfree, error_trap);
- add_unwind_protect (set_error_trap, error_trap);
- restore_default_signal (ERROR_TRAP);
- }
- exit_immediately_on_error = 0;
- builtin_ignoring_errexit = 1;
- eval_unwind = 1;
- }
- else
- eval_unwind = 0;
-
- /* The temporary environment for a builtin is supposed to apply to
- all commands executed by that builtin. Currently, this is a
- problem only with the `unset', `source' and `eval' builtins.
- `mapfile' is a special case because it uses evalstring (same as
- eval or source) to run its callbacks. */
- isbltinenv = (builtin == source_builtin || builtin == eval_builtin || builtin == unset_builtin || builtin == mapfile_builtin);
-
- if (isbltinenv)
- {
- if (subshell == 0)
- begin_unwind_frame ("builtin_env");
-
- if (temporary_env)
- {
- push_scope (VC_BLTNENV, temporary_env);
- if (subshell == 0)
- add_unwind_protect (pop_scope, (flags & CMD_COMMAND_BUILTIN) ? 0 : "1");
- temporary_env = (HASH_TABLE *)NULL;
- }
- }
-
- /* `return' does a longjmp() back to a saved environment in execute_function.
- If a variable assignment list preceded the command, and the shell is
- running in POSIX mode, we need to merge that into the shell_variables
- table, since `return' is a POSIX special builtin. */
- if (posixly_correct && subshell == 0 && builtin == return_builtin && temporary_env)
- {
- begin_unwind_frame ("return_temp_env");
- add_unwind_protect (merge_temporary_env, (char *)NULL);
- }
-
- executing_builtin++;
- executing_command_builtin |= builtin == command_builtin;
- result = ((*builtin) (words->next));
-
- /* This shouldn't happen, but in case `return' comes back instead of
- longjmp'ing, we need to unwind. */
- if (posixly_correct && subshell == 0 && builtin == return_builtin && temporary_env)
- discard_unwind_frame ("return_temp_env");
-
- if (subshell == 0 && isbltinenv)
- run_unwind_frame ("builtin_env");
-
- if (eval_unwind)
- {
- exit_immediately_on_error = errexit_flag;
- builtin_ignoring_errexit = 0;
- if (error_trap)
- {
- set_error_trap (error_trap);
- xfree (error_trap);
- }
- discard_unwind_frame ("eval_builtin");
- }
-
- return (result);
-}
-
-static int
-execute_function (var, words, flags, fds_to_close, async, subshell)
- SHELL_VAR *var;
- WORD_LIST *words;
- int flags;
- struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
- int async, subshell;
-{
- int return_val, result;
- COMMAND *tc, *fc, *save_current;
- char *debug_trap, *error_trap, *return_trap;
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- SHELL_VAR *funcname_v, *nfv, *bash_source_v, *bash_lineno_v;
- ARRAY *funcname_a;
- volatile ARRAY *bash_source_a;
- volatile ARRAY *bash_lineno_a;
-#endif
- FUNCTION_DEF *shell_fn;
- char *sfile, *t;
-
- USE_VAR(fc);
-
- if (funcnest_max > 0 && funcnest >= funcnest_max)
- {
- internal_error (_("%s: maximum function nesting level exceeded (%d)"), var->name, funcnest);
- funcnest = 0; /* XXX - should we reset it somewhere else? */
- jump_to_top_level (DISCARD);
- }
-
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("FUNCNAME", funcname_v, funcname_a);
- GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("BASH_SOURCE", bash_source_v, bash_source_a);
- GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("BASH_LINENO", bash_lineno_v, bash_lineno_a);
-#endif
-
- tc = (COMMAND *)copy_command (function_cell (var));
- if (tc && (flags & CMD_IGNORE_RETURN))
- tc->flags |= CMD_IGNORE_RETURN;
-
- if (subshell == 0)
- {
- begin_unwind_frame ("function_calling");
- push_context (var->name, subshell, temporary_env);
- add_unwind_protect (pop_context, (char *)NULL);
- unwind_protect_int (line_number);
- unwind_protect_int (return_catch_flag);
- unwind_protect_jmp_buf (return_catch);
- add_unwind_protect (dispose_command, (char *)tc);
- unwind_protect_pointer (this_shell_function);
- unwind_protect_int (loop_level);
- unwind_protect_int (funcnest);
- }
- else
- push_context (var->name, subshell, temporary_env); /* don't unwind-protect for subshells */
-
- temporary_env = (HASH_TABLE *)NULL;
-
- this_shell_function = var;
- make_funcname_visible (1);
-
- debug_trap = TRAP_STRING(DEBUG_TRAP);
- error_trap = TRAP_STRING(ERROR_TRAP);
- return_trap = TRAP_STRING(RETURN_TRAP);
-
- /* The order of the unwind protects for debug_trap, error_trap and
- return_trap is important here! unwind-protect commands are run
- in reverse order of registration. If this causes problems, take
- out the xfree unwind-protect calls and live with the small memory leak. */
-
- /* function_trace_mode != 0 means that all functions inherit the DEBUG trap.
- if the function has the trace attribute set, it inherits the DEBUG trap */
- if (debug_trap && ((trace_p (var) == 0) && function_trace_mode == 0))
- {
- if (subshell == 0)
- {
- debug_trap = savestring (debug_trap);
- add_unwind_protect (xfree, debug_trap);
- add_unwind_protect (set_debug_trap, debug_trap);
- }
- restore_default_signal (DEBUG_TRAP);
- }
-
- /* error_trace_mode != 0 means that functions inherit the ERR trap. */
- if (error_trap && error_trace_mode == 0)
- {
- if (subshell == 0)
- {
- error_trap = savestring (error_trap);
- add_unwind_protect (xfree, error_trap);
- add_unwind_protect (set_error_trap, error_trap);
- }
- restore_default_signal (ERROR_TRAP);
- }
-
- /* Shell functions inherit the RETURN trap if function tracing is on
- globally or on individually for this function. */
-#if 0
- if (return_trap && ((trace_p (var) == 0) && function_trace_mode == 0))
-#else
- if (return_trap && (signal_in_progress (DEBUG_TRAP) || ((trace_p (var) == 0) && function_trace_mode == 0)))
-#endif
- {
- if (subshell == 0)
- {
- return_trap = savestring (return_trap);
- add_unwind_protect (xfree, return_trap);
- add_unwind_protect (set_return_trap, return_trap);
- }
- restore_default_signal (RETURN_TRAP);
- }
-
- funcnest++;
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- /* This is quite similar to the code in shell.c and elsewhere. */
- shell_fn = find_function_def (this_shell_function->name);
- sfile = shell_fn ? shell_fn->source_file : "";
- array_push ((ARRAY *)funcname_a, this_shell_function->name);
-
- array_push ((ARRAY *)bash_source_a, sfile);
- t = itos (executing_line_number ());
- array_push ((ARRAY *)bash_lineno_a, t);
- free (t);
-#endif
-
- /* The temporary environment for a function is supposed to apply to
- all commands executed within the function body. */
-
- remember_args (words->next, 1);
-
- /* Update BASH_ARGV and BASH_ARGC */
- if (debugging_mode)
- push_args (words->next);
-
- /* Number of the line on which the function body starts. */
- line_number = function_line_number = tc->line;
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- if (subshell)
- stop_pipeline (async, (COMMAND *)NULL);
-#endif
-
- fc = tc;
-
- return_catch_flag++;
- return_val = setjmp_nosigs (return_catch);
-
- if (return_val)
- {
- result = return_catch_value;
- /* Run the RETURN trap in the function's context. */
- save_current = currently_executing_command;
- run_return_trap ();
- currently_executing_command = save_current;
- }
- else
- {
- /* Run the debug trap here so we can trap at the start of a function's
- execution rather than the execution of the body's first command. */
- showing_function_line = 1;
- save_current = currently_executing_command;
- result = run_debug_trap ();
-#if defined (DEBUGGER)
- /* In debugging mode, if the DEBUG trap returns a non-zero status, we
- skip the command. */
- if (debugging_mode == 0 || result == EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- {
- showing_function_line = 0;
- currently_executing_command = save_current;
- result = execute_command_internal (fc, 0, NO_PIPE, NO_PIPE, fds_to_close);
-
- /* Run the RETURN trap in the function's context */
- save_current = currently_executing_command;
- run_return_trap ();
- currently_executing_command = save_current;
- }
-#else
- result = execute_command_internal (fc, 0, NO_PIPE, NO_PIPE, fds_to_close);
-
- save_current = currently_executing_command;
- run_return_trap ();
- currently_executing_command = save_current;
-#endif
- showing_function_line = 0;
- }
-
- /* Restore BASH_ARGC and BASH_ARGV */
- if (debugging_mode)
- pop_args ();
-
- if (subshell == 0)
- run_unwind_frame ("function_calling");
-
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- /* These two variables cannot be unset, and cannot be affected by the
- function. */
- array_pop ((ARRAY *)bash_source_a);
- array_pop ((ARRAY *)bash_lineno_a);
-
- /* FUNCNAME can be unset, and so can potentially be changed by the
- function. */
- GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("FUNCNAME", nfv, funcname_a);
- if (nfv == funcname_v)
- array_pop (funcname_a);
-#endif
-
- if (variable_context == 0 || this_shell_function == 0)
- {
- make_funcname_visible (0);
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
- unlink_fifo_list ();
-#endif
- }
-
- return (result);
-}
-
-/* A convenience routine for use by other parts of the shell to execute
- a particular shell function. */
-int
-execute_shell_function (var, words)
- SHELL_VAR *var;
- WORD_LIST *words;
-{
- int ret;
- struct fd_bitmap *bitmap;
-
- bitmap = new_fd_bitmap (FD_BITMAP_DEFAULT_SIZE);
- begin_unwind_frame ("execute-shell-function");
- add_unwind_protect (dispose_fd_bitmap, (char *)bitmap);
-
- ret = execute_function (var, words, 0, bitmap, 0, 0);
-
- dispose_fd_bitmap (bitmap);
- discard_unwind_frame ("execute-shell-function");
-
- return ret;
-}
-
-/* Execute a shell builtin or function in a subshell environment. This
- routine does not return; it only calls exit(). If BUILTIN is non-null,
- it points to a function to call to execute a shell builtin; otherwise
- VAR points at the body of a function to execute. WORDS is the arguments
- to the command, REDIRECTS specifies redirections to perform before the
- command is executed. */
-static void
-execute_subshell_builtin_or_function (words, redirects, builtin, var,
- pipe_in, pipe_out, async, fds_to_close,
- flags)
- WORD_LIST *words;
- REDIRECT *redirects;
- sh_builtin_func_t *builtin;
- SHELL_VAR *var;
- int pipe_in, pipe_out, async;
- struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
- int flags;
-{
- int result, r, funcvalue;
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- int jobs_hack;
-
- jobs_hack = (builtin == jobs_builtin) &&
- ((subshell_environment & SUBSHELL_ASYNC) == 0 || pipe_out != NO_PIPE);
-#endif
-
- /* A subshell is neither a login shell nor interactive. */
- login_shell = interactive = 0;
-
- if (async)
- subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_ASYNC;
- if (pipe_in != NO_PIPE || pipe_out != NO_PIPE)
- subshell_environment |= SUBSHELL_PIPE;
-
- maybe_make_export_env (); /* XXX - is this needed? */
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- /* Eradicate all traces of job control after we fork the subshell, so
- all jobs begun by this subshell are in the same process group as
- the shell itself. */
-
- /* Allow the output of `jobs' to be piped. */
- if (jobs_hack)
- kill_current_pipeline ();
- else
- without_job_control ();
-
- set_sigchld_handler ();
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
-
- set_sigint_handler ();
-
- if (fds_to_close)
- close_fd_bitmap (fds_to_close);
-
- do_piping (pipe_in, pipe_out);
-
- if (do_redirections (redirects, RX_ACTIVE) != 0)
- exit (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
-
- if (builtin)
- {
- /* Give builtins a place to jump back to on failure,
- so we don't go back up to main(). */
- result = setjmp_nosigs (top_level);
-
- /* Give the return builtin a place to jump to when executed in a subshell
- or pipeline */
- funcvalue = 0;
- if (return_catch_flag && builtin == return_builtin)
- funcvalue = setjmp_nosigs (return_catch);
-
- if (result == EXITPROG)
- exit (last_command_exit_value);
- else if (result)
- exit (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- else if (funcvalue)
- exit (return_catch_value);
- else
- {
- r = execute_builtin (builtin, words, flags, 1);
- fflush (stdout);
- if (r == EX_USAGE)
- r = EX_BADUSAGE;
- exit (r);
- }
- }
- else
- {
- r = execute_function (var, words, flags, fds_to_close, async, 1);
- fflush (stdout);
- exit (r);
- }
-}
-
-/* Execute a builtin or function in the current shell context. If BUILTIN
- is non-null, it is the builtin command to execute, otherwise VAR points
- to the body of a function. WORDS are the command's arguments, REDIRECTS
- are the redirections to perform. FDS_TO_CLOSE is the usual bitmap of
- file descriptors to close.
-
- If BUILTIN is exec_builtin, the redirections specified in REDIRECTS are
- not undone before this function returns. */
-static int
-execute_builtin_or_function (words, builtin, var, redirects,
- fds_to_close, flags)
- WORD_LIST *words;
- sh_builtin_func_t *builtin;
- SHELL_VAR *var;
- REDIRECT *redirects;
- struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
- int flags;
-{
- int result;
- REDIRECT *saved_undo_list;
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
- int ofifo, nfifo, osize;
- char *ofifo_list;
-#endif
-
-
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
- ofifo = num_fifos ();
- ofifo_list = copy_fifo_list (&osize);
-#endif
-
- if (do_redirections (redirects, RX_ACTIVE|RX_UNDOABLE) != 0)
- {
- cleanup_redirects (redirection_undo_list);
- redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
- dispose_exec_redirects ();
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
- free (ofifo_list);
-#endif
- return (EX_REDIRFAIL); /* was EXECUTION_FAILURE */
- }
-
- saved_undo_list = redirection_undo_list;
-
- /* Calling the "exec" builtin changes redirections forever. */
- if (builtin == exec_builtin)
- {
- dispose_redirects (saved_undo_list);
- saved_undo_list = exec_redirection_undo_list;
- exec_redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
- }
- else
- dispose_exec_redirects ();
-
- if (saved_undo_list)
- {
- begin_unwind_frame ("saved redirects");
- add_unwind_protect (cleanup_redirects, (char *)saved_undo_list);
- }
-
- redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
-
- if (builtin)
- result = execute_builtin (builtin, words, flags, 0);
- else
- result = execute_function (var, words, flags, fds_to_close, 0, 0);
-
- /* We do this before undoing the effects of any redirections. */
- fflush (stdout);
- fpurge (stdout);
- if (ferror (stdout))
- clearerr (stdout);
-
- /* If we are executing the `command' builtin, but this_shell_builtin is
- set to `exec_builtin', we know that we have something like
- `command exec [redirection]', since otherwise `exec' would have
- overwritten the shell and we wouldn't get here. In this case, we
- want to behave as if the `command' builtin had not been specified
- and preserve the redirections. */
- if (builtin == command_builtin && this_shell_builtin == exec_builtin)
- {
- int discard;
-
- discard = 0;
- if (saved_undo_list)
- {
- dispose_redirects (saved_undo_list);
- discard = 1;
- }
- redirection_undo_list = exec_redirection_undo_list;
- saved_undo_list = exec_redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
- if (discard)
- discard_unwind_frame ("saved redirects");
- }
-
- if (saved_undo_list)
- {
- redirection_undo_list = saved_undo_list;
- discard_unwind_frame ("saved redirects");
- }
-
- if (redirection_undo_list)
- {
- cleanup_redirects (redirection_undo_list);
- redirection_undo_list = (REDIRECT *)NULL;
- }
-
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
- /* Close any FIFOs created by this builtin or function. */
- nfifo = num_fifos ();
- if (nfifo > ofifo)
- close_new_fifos (ofifo_list, osize);
- free (ofifo_list);
-#endif
-
- return (result);
-}
-
-void
-setup_async_signals ()
-{
-#if defined (__BEOS__)
- set_signal_handler (SIGHUP, SIG_IGN); /* they want csh-like behavior */
-#endif
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- if (job_control == 0)
-#endif
- {
- /* Make sure we get the original signal dispositions now so we don't
- confuse the trap builtin later if the subshell tries to use it to
- reset SIGINT/SIGQUIT. Don't call set_signal_ignored; that sets
- the value of original_signals to SIG_IGN. Posix interpretation 751. */
- get_original_signal (SIGINT);
- set_signal_handler (SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
-
- get_original_signal (SIGQUIT);
- set_signal_handler (SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
- }
-}
-
-/* Execute a simple command that is hopefully defined in a disk file
- somewhere.
-
- 1) fork ()
- 2) connect pipes
- 3) look up the command
- 4) do redirections
- 5) execve ()
- 6) If the execve failed, see if the file has executable mode set.
- If so, and it isn't a directory, then execute its contents as
- a shell script.
-
- Note that the filename hashing stuff has to take place up here,
- in the parent. This is probably why the Bourne style shells
- don't handle it, since that would require them to go through
- this gnarly hair, for no good reason.
-
- NOTE: callers expect this to fork or exit(). */
-
-/* Name of a shell function to call when a command name is not found. */
-#ifndef NOTFOUND_HOOK
-# define NOTFOUND_HOOK "command_not_found_handle"
-#endif
-
-static int
-execute_disk_command (words, redirects, command_line, pipe_in, pipe_out,
- async, fds_to_close, cmdflags)
- WORD_LIST *words;
- REDIRECT *redirects;
- char *command_line;
- int pipe_in, pipe_out, async;
- struct fd_bitmap *fds_to_close;
- int cmdflags;
-{
- char *pathname, *command, **args;
- int nofork, result;
- pid_t pid;
- SHELL_VAR *hookf;
- WORD_LIST *wl;
-
- nofork = (cmdflags & CMD_NO_FORK); /* Don't fork, just exec, if no pipes */
- pathname = words->word->word;
-
- result = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
-#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
- command = (char *)NULL;
- if (restricted && mbschr (pathname, '/'))
- {
- internal_error (_("%s: restricted: cannot specify `/' in command names"),
- pathname);
- result = last_command_exit_value = EXECUTION_FAILURE;
-
- /* If we're not going to fork below, we must already be in a child
- process or a context in which it's safe to call exit(2). */
- if (nofork && pipe_in == NO_PIPE && pipe_out == NO_PIPE)
- exit (last_command_exit_value);
- else
- goto parent_return;
- }
-#endif /* RESTRICTED_SHELL */
-
- command = search_for_command (pathname, 1);
-
- if (command)
- {
- maybe_make_export_env ();
- put_command_name_into_env (command);
- }
-
- /* We have to make the child before we check for the non-existence
- of COMMAND, since we want the error messages to be redirected. */
- /* If we can get away without forking and there are no pipes to deal with,
- don't bother to fork, just directly exec the command. */
- if (nofork && pipe_in == NO_PIPE && pipe_out == NO_PIPE)
- pid = 0;
- else
- pid = make_child (savestring (command_line), async);
-
- if (pid == 0)
- {
- int old_interactive;
-
- reset_terminating_signals (); /* XXX */
- /* Cancel traps, in trap.c. */
- restore_original_signals ();
-
- CHECK_SIGTERM;
-
- /* restore_original_signals may have undone the work done
- by make_child to ensure that SIGINT and SIGQUIT are ignored
- in asynchronous children. */
- if (async)
- {
- if ((cmdflags & CMD_STDIN_REDIR) &&
- pipe_in == NO_PIPE &&
- (stdin_redirects (redirects) == 0))
- async_redirect_stdin ();
- setup_async_signals ();
- }
-
- /* This functionality is now provided by close-on-exec of the
- file descriptors manipulated by redirection and piping.
- Some file descriptors still need to be closed in all children
- because of the way bash does pipes; fds_to_close is a
- bitmap of all such file descriptors. */
- if (fds_to_close)
- close_fd_bitmap (fds_to_close);
-
- do_piping (pipe_in, pipe_out);
-
- old_interactive = interactive;
- if (async)
- interactive = 0;
-
- subshell_environment = SUBSHELL_FORK;
-
- if (redirects && (do_redirections (redirects, RX_ACTIVE) != 0))
- {
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
- /* Try to remove named pipes that may have been created as the
- result of redirections. */
- unlink_fifo_list ();
-#endif /* PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION */
- exit (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
-
- if (async)
- interactive = old_interactive;
-
- if (command == 0)
- {
- hookf = find_function (NOTFOUND_HOOK);
- if (hookf == 0)
- {
- /* Make sure filenames are displayed using printable characters */
- if (ansic_shouldquote (pathname))
- pathname = ansic_quote (pathname, 0, NULL);
- internal_error (_("%s: command not found"), pathname);
- exit (EX_NOTFOUND); /* Posix.2 says the exit status is 127 */
- }
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- /* May need to reinitialize more of the job control state here. */
- kill_current_pipeline ();
-#endif
-
- wl = make_word_list (make_word (NOTFOUND_HOOK), words);
- exit (execute_shell_function (hookf, wl));
- }
-
- CHECK_SIGTERM;
-
- /* Execve expects the command name to be in args[0]. So we
- leave it there, in the same format that the user used to
- type it in. */
- args = strvec_from_word_list (words, 0, 0, (int *)NULL);
- exit (shell_execve (command, args, export_env));
- }
- else
- {
-parent_return:
- QUIT;
-
- /* Make sure that the pipes are closed in the parent. */
- close_pipes (pipe_in, pipe_out);
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION) && defined (HAVE_DEV_FD)
- if (variable_context == 0)
- unlink_fifo_list ();
-#endif
- FREE (command);
- return (result);
- }
-}
-
-/* CPP defines to decide whether a particular index into the #! line
- corresponds to a valid interpreter name or argument character, or
- whitespace. The MSDOS define is to allow \r to be treated the same
- as \n. */
-
-#if !defined (MSDOS)
-# define STRINGCHAR(ind) \
- (ind < sample_len && !whitespace (sample[ind]) && sample[ind] != '\n')
-# define WHITECHAR(ind) \
- (ind < sample_len && whitespace (sample[ind]))
-#else /* MSDOS */
-# define STRINGCHAR(ind) \
- (ind < sample_len && !whitespace (sample[ind]) && sample[ind] != '\n' && sample[ind] != '\r')
-# define WHITECHAR(ind) \
- (ind < sample_len && whitespace (sample[ind]))
-#endif /* MSDOS */
-
-static char *
-getinterp (sample, sample_len, endp)
- char *sample;
- int sample_len, *endp;
-{
- register int i;
- char *execname;
- int start;
-
- /* Find the name of the interpreter to exec. */
- for (i = 2; i < sample_len && whitespace (sample[i]); i++)
- ;
-
- for (start = i; STRINGCHAR(i); i++)
- ;
-
- execname = substring (sample, start, i);
-
- if (endp)
- *endp = i;
- return execname;
-}
-
-#if !defined (HAVE_HASH_BANG_EXEC)
-/* If the operating system on which we're running does not handle
- the #! executable format, then help out. SAMPLE is the text read
- from the file, SAMPLE_LEN characters. COMMAND is the name of
- the script; it and ARGS, the arguments given by the user, will
- become arguments to the specified interpreter. ENV is the environment
- to pass to the interpreter.
-
- The word immediately following the #! is the interpreter to execute.
- A single argument to the interpreter is allowed. */
-
-static int
-execute_shell_script (sample, sample_len, command, args, env)
- char *sample;
- int sample_len;
- char *command;
- char **args, **env;
-{
- char *execname, *firstarg;
- int i, start, size_increment, larry;
-
- /* Find the name of the interpreter to exec. */
- execname = getinterp (sample, sample_len, &i);
- size_increment = 1;
-
- /* Now the argument, if any. */
- for (firstarg = (char *)NULL, start = i; WHITECHAR(i); i++)
- ;
-
- /* If there is more text on the line, then it is an argument for the
- interpreter. */
-
- if (STRINGCHAR(i))
- {
- for (start = i; STRINGCHAR(i); i++)
- ;
- firstarg = substring ((char *)sample, start, i);
- size_increment = 2;
- }
-
- larry = strvec_len (args) + size_increment;
- args = strvec_resize (args, larry + 1);
-
- for (i = larry - 1; i; i--)
- args[i] = args[i - size_increment];
-
- args[0] = execname;
- if (firstarg)
- {
- args[1] = firstarg;
- args[2] = command;
- }
- else
- args[1] = command;
-
- args[larry] = (char *)NULL;
-
- return (shell_execve (execname, args, env));
-}
-#undef STRINGCHAR
-#undef WHITECHAR
-
-#endif /* !HAVE_HASH_BANG_EXEC */
-
-static void
-initialize_subshell ()
-{
-#if defined (ALIAS)
- /* Forget about any aliases that we knew of. We are in a subshell. */
- delete_all_aliases ();
-#endif /* ALIAS */
-
-#if defined (HISTORY)
- /* Forget about the history lines we have read. This is a non-interactive
- subshell. */
- history_lines_this_session = 0;
-#endif
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- /* Forget about the way job control was working. We are in a subshell. */
- without_job_control ();
- set_sigchld_handler ();
- init_job_stats ();
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
-
- /* Reset the values of the shell flags and options. */
- reset_shell_flags ();
- reset_shell_options ();
- reset_shopt_options ();
-
- /* Zero out builtin_env, since this could be a shell script run from a
- sourced file with a temporary environment supplied to the `source/.'
- builtin. Such variables are not supposed to be exported (empirical
- testing with sh and ksh). Just throw it away; don't worry about a
- memory leak. */
- if (vc_isbltnenv (shell_variables))
- shell_variables = shell_variables->down;
-
- clear_unwind_protect_list (0);
- /* XXX -- are there other things we should be resetting here? */
- parse_and_execute_level = 0; /* nothing left to restore it */
-
- /* We're no longer inside a shell function. */
- variable_context = return_catch_flag = funcnest = 0;
-
- executing_list = 0; /* XXX */
-
- /* If we're not interactive, close the file descriptor from which we're
- reading the current shell script. */
- if (interactive_shell == 0)
- unset_bash_input (0);
-}
-
-#if defined (HAVE_SETOSTYPE) && defined (_POSIX_SOURCE)
-# define SETOSTYPE(x) __setostype(x)
-#else
-# define SETOSTYPE(x)
-#endif
-
-#define READ_SAMPLE_BUF(file, buf, len) \
- do \
- { \
- fd = open(file, O_RDONLY); \
- if (fd >= 0) \
- { \
- len = read (fd, buf, 80); \
- close (fd); \
- } \
- else \
- len = -1; \
- } \
- while (0)
-
-/* Call execve (), handling interpreting shell scripts, and handling
- exec failures. */
-int
-shell_execve (command, args, env)
- char *command;
- char **args, **env;
-{
- int larray, i, fd;
- char sample[80];
- int sample_len;
-
- SETOSTYPE (0); /* Some systems use for USG/POSIX semantics */
- execve (command, args, env);
- i = errno; /* error from execve() */
- CHECK_TERMSIG;
- SETOSTYPE (1);
-
- /* If we get to this point, then start checking out the file.
- Maybe it is something we can hack ourselves. */
- if (i != ENOEXEC)
- {
- if (file_isdir (command))
-#if defined (EISDIR)
- internal_error (_("%s: %s"), command, strerror (EISDIR));
-#else
- internal_error (_("%s: is a directory"), command);
-#endif
- else if (executable_file (command) == 0)
- {
- errno = i;
- file_error (command);
- }
- /* errors not involving the path argument to execve. */
- else if (i == E2BIG || i == ENOMEM)
- {
- errno = i;
- file_error (command);
- }
- else
- {
- /* The file has the execute bits set, but the kernel refuses to
- run it for some reason. See why. */
-#if defined (HAVE_HASH_BANG_EXEC)
- READ_SAMPLE_BUF (command, sample, sample_len);
- sample[sample_len - 1] = '\0';
- if (sample_len > 2 && sample[0] == '#' && sample[1] == '!')
- {
- char *interp;
- int ilen;
-
- interp = getinterp (sample, sample_len, (int *)NULL);
- ilen = strlen (interp);
- errno = i;
- if (interp[ilen - 1] == '\r')
- {
- interp = xrealloc (interp, ilen + 2);
- interp[ilen - 1] = '^';
- interp[ilen] = 'M';
- interp[ilen + 1] = '\0';
- }
- sys_error (_("%s: %s: bad interpreter"), command, interp ? interp : "");
- FREE (interp);
- return (EX_NOEXEC);
- }
-#endif
- errno = i;
- file_error (command);
- }
- return ((i == ENOENT) ? EX_NOTFOUND : EX_NOEXEC); /* XXX Posix.2 says that exit status is 126 */
- }
-
- /* This file is executable.
- If it begins with #!, then help out people with losing operating
- systems. Otherwise, check to see if it is a binary file by seeing
- if the contents of the first line (or up to 80 characters) are in the
- ASCII set. If it's a text file, execute the contents as shell commands,
- otherwise return 126 (EX_BINARY_FILE). */
- READ_SAMPLE_BUF (command, sample, sample_len);
-
- if (sample_len == 0)
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
-
- /* Is this supposed to be an executable script?
- If so, the format of the line is "#! interpreter [argument]".
- A single argument is allowed. The BSD kernel restricts
- the length of the entire line to 32 characters (32 bytes
- being the size of the BSD exec header), but we allow 80
- characters. */
- if (sample_len > 0)
- {
-#if !defined (HAVE_HASH_BANG_EXEC)
- if (sample_len > 2 && sample[0] == '#' && sample[1] == '!')
- return (execute_shell_script (sample, sample_len, command, args, env));
- else
-#endif
- if (check_binary_file (sample, sample_len))
- {
- internal_error (_("%s: cannot execute binary file: %s"), command, strerror (i));
- return (EX_BINARY_FILE);
- }
- }
-
- /* We have committed to attempting to execute the contents of this file
- as shell commands. */
-
- initialize_subshell ();
-
- set_sigint_handler ();
-
- /* Insert the name of this shell into the argument list. */
- larray = strvec_len (args) + 1;
- args = strvec_resize (args, larray + 1);
-
- for (i = larray - 1; i; i--)
- args[i] = args[i - 1];
-
- args[0] = shell_name;
- args[1] = command;
- args[larray] = (char *)NULL;
-
- if (args[0][0] == '-')
- args[0]++;
-
-#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
- if (restricted)
- change_flag ('r', FLAG_OFF);
-#endif
-
- if (subshell_argv)
- {
- /* Can't free subshell_argv[0]; that is shell_name. */
- for (i = 1; i < subshell_argc; i++)
- free (subshell_argv[i]);
- free (subshell_argv);
- }
-
- dispose_command (currently_executing_command); /* XXX */
- currently_executing_command = (COMMAND *)NULL;
-
- subshell_argc = larray;
- subshell_argv = args;
- subshell_envp = env;
-
- unbind_args (); /* remove the positional parameters */
-
- longjmp (subshell_top_level, 1);
- /*NOTREACHED*/
-}
-
-static int
-execute_intern_function (name, funcdef)
- WORD_DESC *name;
- FUNCTION_DEF *funcdef;
-{
- SHELL_VAR *var;
-
- if (check_identifier (name, posixly_correct) == 0)
- {
- if (posixly_correct && interactive_shell == 0)
- {
- last_command_exit_value = EX_BADUSAGE;
- jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
- }
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
-
- /* Posix interpretation 383 */
- if (posixly_correct && find_special_builtin (name->word))
- {
- internal_error (_("`%s': is a special builtin"), name->word);
- last_command_exit_value = EX_BADUSAGE;
- jump_to_top_level (ERREXIT);
- }
-
- var = find_function (name->word);
- if (var && (readonly_p (var) || noassign_p (var)))
- {
- if (readonly_p (var))
- internal_error (_("%s: readonly function"), var->name);
- return (EXECUTION_FAILURE);
- }
-
-#if defined (DEBUGGER)
- bind_function_def (name->word, funcdef);
-#endif
-
- bind_function (name->word, funcdef->command);
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
-}
-
-#if defined (INCLUDE_UNUSED)
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
-void
-close_all_files ()
-{
- register int i, fd_table_size;
-
- fd_table_size = getdtablesize ();
- if (fd_table_size > 256) /* clamp to a reasonable value */
- fd_table_size = 256;
-
- for (i = 3; i < fd_table_size; i++)
- close (i);
-}
-#endif /* PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION */
-#endif
-
-static void
-close_pipes (in, out)
- int in, out;
-{
- if (in >= 0)
- close (in);
- if (out >= 0)
- close (out);
-}
-
-static void
-dup_error (oldd, newd)
- int oldd, newd;
-{
- sys_error (_("cannot duplicate fd %d to fd %d"), oldd, newd);
-}
-
-/* Redirect input and output to be from and to the specified pipes.
- NO_PIPE and REDIRECT_BOTH are handled correctly. */
-static void
-do_piping (pipe_in, pipe_out)
- int pipe_in, pipe_out;
-{
- if (pipe_in != NO_PIPE)
- {
- if (dup2 (pipe_in, 0) < 0)
- dup_error (pipe_in, 0);
- if (pipe_in > 0)
- close (pipe_in);
-#ifdef __CYGWIN__
- /* Let stdio know the fd may have changed from text to binary mode. */
- freopen (NULL, "r", stdin);
-#endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
- }
- if (pipe_out != NO_PIPE)
- {
- if (pipe_out != REDIRECT_BOTH)
- {
- if (dup2 (pipe_out, 1) < 0)
- dup_error (pipe_out, 1);
- if (pipe_out == 0 || pipe_out > 1)
- close (pipe_out);
- }
- else
- {
- if (dup2 (1, 2) < 0)
- dup_error (1, 2);
- }
-#ifdef __CYGWIN__
- /* Let stdio know the fd may have changed from text to binary mode, and
- make sure to preserve stdout line buffering. */
- freopen (NULL, "w", stdout);
- sh_setlinebuf (stdout);
-#endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
- }
-}
+++ /dev/null
-/* jobs.c - functions that make children, remember them, and handle their termination. */
-
-/* This file works with both POSIX and BSD systems. It implements job
- control. */
-
-/* Copyright (C) 1989-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
- This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
-
- Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- (at your option) any later version.
-
- Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- GNU General Public License for more details.
-
- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-#include "config.h"
-
-#include "bashtypes.h"
-#include "trap.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <signal.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-
-#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
-# include <unistd.h>
-#endif
-
-#include "posixtime.h"
-
-#if defined (HAVE_SYS_RESOURCE_H) && defined (HAVE_WAIT3) && !defined (_POSIX_VERSION) && !defined (RLIMTYPE)
-# include <sys/resource.h>
-#endif /* !_POSIX_VERSION && HAVE_SYS_RESOURCE_H && HAVE_WAIT3 && !RLIMTYPE */
-
-#if defined (HAVE_SYS_FILE_H)
-# include <sys/file.h>
-#endif
-
-#include "filecntl.h"
-#include <sys/ioctl.h>
-#if defined (HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H)
-#include <sys/param.h>
-#endif
-
-#if defined (BUFFERED_INPUT)
-# include "input.h"
-#endif
-
-/* Need to include this up here for *_TTY_DRIVER definitions. */
-#include "shtty.h"
-
-/* Define this if your output is getting swallowed. It's a no-op on
- machines with the termio or termios tty drivers. */
-/* #define DRAIN_OUTPUT */
-
-/* For the TIOCGPGRP and TIOCSPGRP ioctl parameters on HP-UX */
-#if defined (hpux) && !defined (TERMIOS_TTY_DRIVER)
-# include <bsdtty.h>
-#endif /* hpux && !TERMIOS_TTY_DRIVER */
-
-#include "bashansi.h"
-#include "bashintl.h"
-#include "shell.h"
-#include "jobs.h"
-#include "execute_cmd.h"
-#include "flags.h"
-
-#include "builtins/builtext.h"
-#include "builtins/common.h"
-
-#if !defined (errno)
-extern int errno;
-#endif /* !errno */
-
-#if !defined (HAVE_KILLPG)
-extern int killpg __P((pid_t, int));
-#endif
-
-#if !DEFAULT_CHILD_MAX
-# define DEFAULT_CHILD_MAX 32
-#endif
-
-#if !MAX_CHILD_MAX
-# define MAX_CHILD_MAX 8192
-#endif
-
-#if !defined (DEBUG)
-#define MAX_JOBS_IN_ARRAY 4096 /* production */
-#else
-#define MAX_JOBS_IN_ARRAY 128 /* testing */
-#endif
-
-/* Flag values for second argument to delete_job */
-#define DEL_WARNSTOPPED 1 /* warn about deleting stopped jobs */
-#define DEL_NOBGPID 2 /* don't add pgrp leader to bgpids */
-
-/* Take care of system dependencies that must be handled when waiting for
- children. The arguments to the WAITPID macro match those to the Posix.1
- waitpid() function. */
-
-#if defined (ultrix) && defined (mips) && defined (_POSIX_VERSION)
-# define WAITPID(pid, statusp, options) \
- wait3 ((union wait *)statusp, options, (struct rusage *)0)
-#else
-# if defined (_POSIX_VERSION) || defined (HAVE_WAITPID)
-# define WAITPID(pid, statusp, options) \
- waitpid ((pid_t)pid, statusp, options)
-# else
-# if defined (HAVE_WAIT3)
-# define WAITPID(pid, statusp, options) \
- wait3 (statusp, options, (struct rusage *)0)
-# else
-# define WAITPID(pid, statusp, options) \
- wait3 (statusp, options, (int *)0)
-# endif /* HAVE_WAIT3 */
-# endif /* !_POSIX_VERSION && !HAVE_WAITPID*/
-#endif /* !(Ultrix && mips && _POSIX_VERSION) */
-
-/* getpgrp () varies between systems. Even systems that claim to be
- Posix.1 compatible lie sometimes (Ultrix, SunOS4, apollo). */
-#if defined (GETPGRP_VOID)
-# define getpgid(p) getpgrp ()
-#else
-# define getpgid(p) getpgrp (p)
-#endif /* !GETPGRP_VOID */
-
-/* If the system needs it, REINSTALL_SIGCHLD_HANDLER will reinstall the
- handler for SIGCHLD. */
-#if defined (MUST_REINSTALL_SIGHANDLERS)
-# define REINSTALL_SIGCHLD_HANDLER signal (SIGCHLD, sigchld_handler)
-#else
-# define REINSTALL_SIGCHLD_HANDLER
-#endif /* !MUST_REINSTALL_SIGHANDLERS */
-
-/* Some systems let waitpid(2) tell callers about stopped children. */
-#if !defined (WCONTINUED) || defined (WCONTINUED_BROKEN)
-# undef WCONTINUED
-# define WCONTINUED 0
-#endif
-#if !defined (WIFCONTINUED)
-# define WIFCONTINUED(s) (0)
-#endif
-
-/* The number of additional slots to allocate when we run out. */
-#define JOB_SLOTS 8
-
-typedef int sh_job_map_func_t __P((JOB *, int, int, int));
-
-/* Variables used here but defined in other files. */
-extern int subshell_environment, line_number;
-extern int posixly_correct, shell_level;
-extern int last_command_exit_value, last_command_exit_signal;
-extern int loop_level, breaking;
-extern int executing_list;
-extern int sourcelevel;
-extern int running_trap;
-extern sh_builtin_func_t *this_shell_builtin;
-extern char *shell_name, *this_command_name;
-extern sigset_t top_level_mask;
-extern procenv_t wait_intr_buf;
-extern int wait_signal_received;
-extern WORD_LIST *subst_assign_varlist;
-
-static struct jobstats zerojs = { -1L, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, NO_JOB, NO_JOB, 0, 0 };
-struct jobstats js = { -1L, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, NO_JOB, NO_JOB, 0, 0 };
-
-struct bgpids bgpids = { 0, 0, 0 };
-
-/* The array of known jobs. */
-JOB **jobs = (JOB **)NULL;
-
-#if 0
-/* The number of slots currently allocated to JOBS. */
-int job_slots = 0;
-#endif
-
-/* The controlling tty for this shell. */
-int shell_tty = -1;
-
-/* The shell's process group. */
-pid_t shell_pgrp = NO_PID;
-
-/* The terminal's process group. */
-pid_t terminal_pgrp = NO_PID;
-
-/* The process group of the shell's parent. */
-pid_t original_pgrp = NO_PID;
-
-/* The process group of the pipeline currently being made. */
-pid_t pipeline_pgrp = (pid_t)0;
-
-#if defined (PGRP_PIPE)
-/* Pipes which each shell uses to communicate with the process group leader
- until all of the processes in a pipeline have been started. Then the
- process leader is allowed to continue. */
-int pgrp_pipe[2] = { -1, -1 };
-#endif
-
-#if 0
-/* The job which is current; i.e. the one that `%+' stands for. */
-int current_job = NO_JOB;
-
-/* The previous job; i.e. the one that `%-' stands for. */
-int previous_job = NO_JOB;
-#endif
-
-/* Last child made by the shell. */
-volatile pid_t last_made_pid = NO_PID;
-
-/* Pid of the last asynchronous child. */
-volatile pid_t last_asynchronous_pid = NO_PID;
-
-/* The pipeline currently being built. */
-PROCESS *the_pipeline = (PROCESS *)NULL;
-
-/* If this is non-zero, do job control. */
-int job_control = 1;
-
-/* Call this when you start making children. */
-int already_making_children = 0;
-
-/* If this is non-zero, $LINES and $COLUMNS are reset after every process
- exits from get_tty_state(). */
-int check_window_size = CHECKWINSIZE_DEFAULT;
-
-/* Functions local to this file. */
-
-static sighandler wait_sigint_handler __P((int));
-static sighandler sigchld_handler __P((int));
-static sighandler sigcont_sighandler __P((int));
-static sighandler sigstop_sighandler __P((int));
-
-static int waitchld __P((pid_t, int));
-
-static PROCESS *find_pipeline __P((pid_t, int, int *));
-static PROCESS *find_process __P((pid_t, int, int *));
-
-static char *current_working_directory __P((void));
-static char *job_working_directory __P((void));
-static char *j_strsignal __P((int));
-static char *printable_job_status __P((int, PROCESS *, int));
-
-static PROCESS *find_last_proc __P((int, int));
-static pid_t find_last_pid __P((int, int));
-
-static int set_new_line_discipline __P((int));
-static int map_over_jobs __P((sh_job_map_func_t *, int, int));
-static int job_last_stopped __P((int));
-static int job_last_running __P((int));
-static int most_recent_job_in_state __P((int, JOB_STATE));
-static int find_job __P((pid_t, int, PROCESS **));
-static int print_job __P((JOB *, int, int, int));
-static int process_exit_status __P((WAIT));
-static int process_exit_signal __P((WAIT));
-static int set_job_status_and_cleanup __P((int));
-
-static WAIT job_signal_status __P((int));
-static WAIT raw_job_exit_status __P((int));
-
-static void notify_of_job_status __P((void));
-static void reset_job_indices __P((void));
-static void cleanup_dead_jobs __P((void));
-static int processes_in_job __P((int));
-static void realloc_jobs_list __P((void));
-static int compact_jobs_list __P((int));
-static int discard_pipeline __P((PROCESS *));
-static void add_process __P((char *, pid_t));
-static void print_pipeline __P((PROCESS *, int, int, FILE *));
-static void pretty_print_job __P((int, int, FILE *));
-static void set_current_job __P((int));
-static void reset_current __P((void));
-static void set_job_running __P((int));
-static void setjstatus __P((int));
-static int maybe_give_terminal_to __P((pid_t, pid_t, int));
-static void mark_all_jobs_as_dead __P((void));
-static void mark_dead_jobs_as_notified __P((int));
-static void restore_sigint_handler __P((void));
-#if defined (PGRP_PIPE)
-static void pipe_read __P((int *));
-#endif
-
-static struct pidstat *bgp_alloc __P((pid_t, int));
-static struct pidstat *bgp_add __P((pid_t, int));
-static int bgp_delete __P((pid_t));
-static void bgp_clear __P((void));
-static int bgp_search __P((pid_t));
-static void bgp_prune __P((void));
-
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
-static int *pstatuses; /* list of pipeline statuses */
-static int statsize;
-#endif
-
-/* Used to synchronize between wait_for and other functions and the SIGCHLD
- signal handler. */
-static int sigchld;
-static int queue_sigchld;
-
-#define QUEUE_SIGCHLD(os) (os) = sigchld, queue_sigchld++
-
-#define UNQUEUE_SIGCHLD(os) \
- do { \
- queue_sigchld--; \
- if (queue_sigchld == 0 && os != sigchld) \
- waitchld (-1, 0); \
- } while (0)
-
-static SigHandler *old_tstp, *old_ttou, *old_ttin;
-static SigHandler *old_cont = (SigHandler *)SIG_DFL;
-
-/* A place to temporarily save the current pipeline. */
-static PROCESS *saved_pipeline;
-static int saved_already_making_children;
-
-/* Set this to non-zero whenever you don't want the jobs list to change at
- all: no jobs deleted and no status change notifications. This is used,
- for example, when executing SIGCHLD traps, which may run arbitrary
- commands. */
-static int jobs_list_frozen;
-
-static char retcode_name_buffer[64];
-
-#if !defined (_POSIX_VERSION)
-
-/* These are definitions to map POSIX 1003.1 functions onto existing BSD
- library functions and system calls. */
-#define setpgid(pid, pgrp) setpgrp (pid, pgrp)
-#define tcsetpgrp(fd, pgrp) ioctl ((fd), TIOCSPGRP, &(pgrp))
-
-pid_t
-tcgetpgrp (fd)
- int fd;
-{
- pid_t pgrp;
-
- /* ioctl will handle setting errno correctly. */
- if (ioctl (fd, TIOCGPGRP, &pgrp) < 0)
- return (-1);
- return (pgrp);
-}
-
-#endif /* !_POSIX_VERSION */
-
-/* Initialize the global job stats structure and other bookkeeping variables */
-void
-init_job_stats ()
-{
- js = zerojs;
-}
-
-/* Return the working directory for the current process. Unlike
- job_working_directory, this does not call malloc (), nor do any
- of the functions it calls. This is so that it can safely be called
- from a signal handler. */
-static char *
-current_working_directory ()
-{
- char *dir;
- static char d[PATH_MAX];
-
- dir = get_string_value ("PWD");
-
- if (dir == 0 && the_current_working_directory && no_symbolic_links)
- dir = the_current_working_directory;
-
- if (dir == 0)
- {
- dir = getcwd (d, sizeof(d));
- if (dir)
- dir = d;
- }
-
- return (dir == 0) ? "<unknown>" : dir;
-}
-
-/* Return the working directory for the current process. */
-static char *
-job_working_directory ()
-{
- char *dir;
-
- dir = get_string_value ("PWD");
- if (dir)
- return (savestring (dir));
-
- dir = get_working_directory ("job-working-directory");
- if (dir)
- return (dir);
-
- return (savestring ("<unknown>"));
-}
-
-void
-making_children ()
-{
- if (already_making_children)
- return;
-
- already_making_children = 1;
- start_pipeline ();
-}
-
-void
-stop_making_children ()
-{
- already_making_children = 0;
-}
-
-void
-cleanup_the_pipeline ()
-{
- PROCESS *disposer;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
- disposer = the_pipeline;
- the_pipeline = (PROCESS *)NULL;
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-
- if (disposer)
- discard_pipeline (disposer);
-}
-
-void
-save_pipeline (clear)
- int clear;
-{
- saved_pipeline = the_pipeline;
- if (clear)
- the_pipeline = (PROCESS *)NULL;
- saved_already_making_children = already_making_children;
-}
-
-void
-restore_pipeline (discard)
- int discard;
-{
- PROCESS *old_pipeline;
-
- old_pipeline = the_pipeline;
- the_pipeline = saved_pipeline;
- already_making_children = saved_already_making_children;
- if (discard && old_pipeline)
- discard_pipeline (old_pipeline);
-}
-
-/* Start building a pipeline. */
-void
-start_pipeline ()
-{
- if (the_pipeline)
- {
- cleanup_the_pipeline ();
- pipeline_pgrp = 0;
-#if defined (PGRP_PIPE)
- sh_closepipe (pgrp_pipe);
-#endif
- }
-
-#if defined (PGRP_PIPE)
- if (job_control)
- {
- if (pipe (pgrp_pipe) == -1)
- sys_error (_("start_pipeline: pgrp pipe"));
- }
-#endif
-}
-
-/* Stop building a pipeline. Install the process list in the job array.
- This returns the index of the newly installed job.
- DEFERRED is a command structure to be executed upon satisfactory
- execution exit of this pipeline. */
-int
-stop_pipeline (async, deferred)
- int async;
- COMMAND *deferred;
-{
- register int i, j;
- JOB *newjob;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
-
-#if defined (PGRP_PIPE)
- /* The parent closes the process group synchronization pipe. */
- sh_closepipe (pgrp_pipe);
-#endif
-
- cleanup_dead_jobs ();
-
- if (js.j_jobslots == 0)
- {
- js.j_jobslots = JOB_SLOTS;
- jobs = (JOB **)xmalloc (js.j_jobslots * sizeof (JOB *));
-
- /* Now blank out these new entries. */
- for (i = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- jobs[i] = (JOB *)NULL;
-
- js.j_firstj = js.j_lastj = js.j_njobs = 0;
- }
-
- /* Scan from the last slot backward, looking for the next free one. */
- /* XXX - revisit this interactive assumption */
- /* XXX - this way for now */
- if (interactive)
- {
- for (i = js.j_jobslots; i; i--)
- if (jobs[i - 1])
- break;
- }
- else
- {
-#if 0
- /* This wraps around, but makes it inconvenient to extend the array */
- for (i = js.j_lastj+1; i != js.j_lastj; i++)
- {
- if (i >= js.j_jobslots)
- i = 0;
- if (jobs[i] == 0)
- break;
- }
- if (i == js.j_lastj)
- i = js.j_jobslots;
-#else
- /* This doesn't wrap around yet. */
- for (i = js.j_lastj ? js.j_lastj + 1 : js.j_lastj; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- if (jobs[i] == 0)
- break;
-#endif
- }
-
- /* Do we need more room? */
-
- /* First try compaction */
- if ((interactive_shell == 0 || subshell_environment) && i == js.j_jobslots && js.j_jobslots >= MAX_JOBS_IN_ARRAY)
- i = compact_jobs_list (0);
-
- /* If we can't compact, reallocate */
- if (i == js.j_jobslots)
- {
- js.j_jobslots += JOB_SLOTS;
- jobs = (JOB **)xrealloc (jobs, (js.j_jobslots * sizeof (JOB *)));
-
- for (j = i; j < js.j_jobslots; j++)
- jobs[j] = (JOB *)NULL;
- }
-
- /* Add the current pipeline to the job list. */
- if (the_pipeline)
- {
- register PROCESS *p;
- int any_running, any_stopped, n;
-
- newjob = (JOB *)xmalloc (sizeof (JOB));
-
- for (n = 1, p = the_pipeline; p->next != the_pipeline; n++, p = p->next)
- ;
- p->next = (PROCESS *)NULL;
- newjob->pipe = REVERSE_LIST (the_pipeline, PROCESS *);
- for (p = newjob->pipe; p->next; p = p->next)
- ;
- p->next = newjob->pipe;
-
- the_pipeline = (PROCESS *)NULL;
- newjob->pgrp = pipeline_pgrp;
- pipeline_pgrp = 0;
-
- newjob->flags = 0;
-
- /* Flag to see if in another pgrp. */
- if (job_control)
- newjob->flags |= J_JOBCONTROL;
-
- /* Set the state of this pipeline. */
- p = newjob->pipe;
- any_running = any_stopped = 0;
- do
- {
- any_running |= PRUNNING (p);
- any_stopped |= PSTOPPED (p);
- p = p->next;
- }
- while (p != newjob->pipe);
-
- newjob->state = any_running ? JRUNNING : (any_stopped ? JSTOPPED : JDEAD);
- newjob->wd = job_working_directory ();
- newjob->deferred = deferred;
-
- newjob->j_cleanup = (sh_vptrfunc_t *)NULL;
- newjob->cleanarg = (PTR_T) NULL;
-
- jobs[i] = newjob;
- if (newjob->state == JDEAD && (newjob->flags & J_FOREGROUND))
- setjstatus (i);
- if (newjob->state == JDEAD)
- {
- js.c_reaped += n; /* wouldn't have been done since this was not part of a job */
- js.j_ndead++;
- }
- js.c_injobs += n;
-
- js.j_lastj = i;
- js.j_njobs++;
- }
- else
- newjob = (JOB *)NULL;
-
- if (newjob)
- js.j_lastmade = newjob;
-
- if (async)
- {
- if (newjob)
- {
- newjob->flags &= ~J_FOREGROUND;
- newjob->flags |= J_ASYNC;
- js.j_lastasync = newjob;
- }
- reset_current ();
- }
- else
- {
- if (newjob)
- {
- newjob->flags |= J_FOREGROUND;
- /*
- * !!!!! NOTE !!!!! (chet@ins.cwru.edu)
- *
- * The currently-accepted job control wisdom says to set the
- * terminal's process group n+1 times in an n-step pipeline:
- * once in the parent and once in each child. This is where
- * the parent gives it away.
- *
- * Don't give the terminal away if this shell is an asynchronous
- * subshell.
- *
- */
- if (job_control && newjob->pgrp && (subshell_environment&SUBSHELL_ASYNC) == 0)
- maybe_give_terminal_to (shell_pgrp, newjob->pgrp, 0);
- }
- }
-
- stop_making_children ();
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- return (newjob ? i : js.j_current);
-}
-
-/* Functions to manage the list of exited background pids whose status has
- been saved. */
-
-static struct pidstat *
-bgp_alloc (pid, status)
- pid_t pid;
- int status;
-{
- struct pidstat *ps;
-
- ps = (struct pidstat *)xmalloc (sizeof (struct pidstat));
- ps->pid = pid;
- ps->status = status;
- ps->next = (struct pidstat *)0;
- return ps;
-}
-
-static struct pidstat *
-bgp_add (pid, status)
- pid_t pid;
- int status;
-{
- struct pidstat *ps;
-
- ps = bgp_alloc (pid, status);
-
- if (bgpids.list == 0)
- {
- bgpids.list = bgpids.end = ps;
- bgpids.npid = 0; /* just to make sure */
- }
- else
- {
- bgpids.end->next = ps;
- bgpids.end = ps;
- }
- bgpids.npid++;
-
- if (bgpids.npid > js.c_childmax)
- bgp_prune ();
-
- return ps;
-}
-
-static int
-bgp_delete (pid)
- pid_t pid;
-{
- struct pidstat *prev, *p;
-
- for (prev = p = bgpids.list; p; prev = p, p = p->next)
- if (p->pid == pid)
- {
- prev->next = p->next; /* remove from list */
- break;
- }
-
- if (p == 0)
- return 0; /* not found */
-
-#if defined (DEBUG)
- itrace("bgp_delete: deleting %d", pid);
-#endif
-
- /* Housekeeping in the border cases. */
- if (p == bgpids.list)
- bgpids.list = bgpids.list->next;
- else if (p == bgpids.end)
- bgpids.end = prev;
-
- bgpids.npid--;
- if (bgpids.npid == 0)
- bgpids.list = bgpids.end = 0;
- else if (bgpids.npid == 1)
- bgpids.end = bgpids.list; /* just to make sure */
-
- free (p);
- return 1;
-}
-
-/* Clear out the list of saved statuses */
-static void
-bgp_clear ()
-{
- struct pidstat *ps, *p;
-
- for (ps = bgpids.list; ps; )
- {
- p = ps;
- ps = ps->next;
- free (p);
- }
- bgpids.list = bgpids.end = 0;
- bgpids.npid = 0;
-}
-
-/* Search for PID in the list of saved background pids; return its status if
- found. If not found, return -1. */
-static int
-bgp_search (pid)
- pid_t pid;
-{
- struct pidstat *ps;
-
- for (ps = bgpids.list ; ps; ps = ps->next)
- if (ps->pid == pid)
- return ps->status;
- return -1;
-}
-
-static void
-bgp_prune ()
-{
- struct pidstat *ps;
-
- while (bgpids.npid > js.c_childmax)
- {
- ps = bgpids.list;
- bgpids.list = bgpids.list->next;
- free (ps);
- bgpids.npid--;
- }
-}
-
-/* Reset the values of js.j_lastj and js.j_firstj after one or both have
- been deleted. The caller should check whether js.j_njobs is 0 before
- calling this. This wraps around, but the rest of the code does not. At
- this point, it should not matter. */
-static void
-reset_job_indices ()
-{
- int old;
-
- if (jobs[js.j_firstj] == 0)
- {
- old = js.j_firstj++;
- if (old >= js.j_jobslots)
- old = js.j_jobslots - 1;
- while (js.j_firstj != old)
- {
- if (js.j_firstj >= js.j_jobslots)
- js.j_firstj = 0;
- if (jobs[js.j_firstj] || js.j_firstj == old) /* needed if old == 0 */
- break;
- js.j_firstj++;
- }
- if (js.j_firstj == old)
- js.j_firstj = js.j_lastj = js.j_njobs = 0;
- }
- if (jobs[js.j_lastj] == 0)
- {
- old = js.j_lastj--;
- if (old < 0)
- old = 0;
- while (js.j_lastj != old)
- {
- if (js.j_lastj < 0)
- js.j_lastj = js.j_jobslots - 1;
- if (jobs[js.j_lastj] || js.j_lastj == old) /* needed if old == js.j_jobslots */
- break;
- js.j_lastj--;
- }
- if (js.j_lastj == old)
- js.j_firstj = js.j_lastj = js.j_njobs = 0;
- }
-}
-
-/* Delete all DEAD jobs that the user had received notification about. */
-static void
-cleanup_dead_jobs ()
-{
- register int i;
- int os;
-
- if (js.j_jobslots == 0 || jobs_list_frozen)
- return;
-
- QUEUE_SIGCHLD(os);
-
- /* XXX could use js.j_firstj and js.j_lastj here */
- for (i = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- {
-#if defined (DEBUG)
- if (i < js.j_firstj && jobs[i])
- itrace("cleanup_dead_jobs: job %d non-null before js.j_firstj (%d)", i, js.j_firstj);
- if (i > js.j_lastj && jobs[i])
- itrace("cleanup_dead_jobs: job %d non-null after js.j_lastj (%d)", i, js.j_lastj);
-#endif
-
- if (jobs[i] && DEADJOB (i) && IS_NOTIFIED (i))
- delete_job (i, 0);
- }
-
-#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
- coproc_reap ();
-#endif
-
- UNQUEUE_SIGCHLD(os);
-}
-
-static int
-processes_in_job (job)
- int job;
-{
- int nproc;
- register PROCESS *p;
-
- nproc = 0;
- p = jobs[job]->pipe;
- do
- {
- p = p->next;
- nproc++;
- }
- while (p != jobs[job]->pipe);
-
- return nproc;
-}
-
-static void
-delete_old_job (pid)
- pid_t pid;
-{
- PROCESS *p;
- int job;
-
- job = find_job (pid, 0, &p);
- if (job != NO_JOB)
- {
-#ifdef DEBUG
- itrace ("delete_old_job: found pid %d in job %d with state %d", pid, job, jobs[job]->state);
-#endif
- if (JOBSTATE (job) == JDEAD)
- delete_job (job, DEL_NOBGPID);
- else
- {
-#ifdef DEBUG
- internal_warning (_("forked pid %d appears in running job %d"), pid, job+1);
-#endif
- if (p)
- p->pid = 0;
- }
- }
-}
-
-/* Reallocate and compress the jobs list. This returns with a jobs array
- whose size is a multiple of JOB_SLOTS and can hold the current number of
- jobs. Heuristics are used to minimize the number of new reallocs. */
-static void
-realloc_jobs_list ()
-{
- sigset_t set, oset;
- int nsize, i, j, ncur, nprev;
- JOB **nlist;
-
- ncur = nprev = NO_JOB;
- nsize = ((js.j_njobs + JOB_SLOTS - 1) / JOB_SLOTS);
- nsize *= JOB_SLOTS;
- i = js.j_njobs % JOB_SLOTS;
- if (i == 0 || i > (JOB_SLOTS >> 1))
- nsize += JOB_SLOTS;
-
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
- nlist = (js.j_jobslots == nsize) ? jobs : (JOB **) xmalloc (nsize * sizeof (JOB *));
-
- js.c_reaped = js.j_ndead = 0;
- for (i = j = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- if (jobs[i])
- {
- if (i == js.j_current)
- ncur = j;
- if (i == js.j_previous)
- nprev = j;
- nlist[j++] = jobs[i];
- if (jobs[i]->state == JDEAD)
- {
- js.j_ndead++;
- js.c_reaped += processes_in_job (i);
- }
- }
-
-#if 0
- itrace ("realloc_jobs_list: resize jobs list from %d to %d", js.j_jobslots, nsize);
- itrace ("realloc_jobs_list: j_lastj changed from %d to %d", js.j_lastj, (j > 0) ? j - 1 : 0);
- itrace ("realloc_jobs_list: j_njobs changed from %d to %d", js.j_njobs, j);
- itrace ("realloc_jobs_list: js.j_ndead %d js.c_reaped %d", js.j_ndead, js.c_reaped);
-#endif
-
- js.j_firstj = 0;
- js.j_lastj = (j > 0) ? j - 1 : 0;
- js.j_njobs = j;
- js.j_jobslots = nsize;
-
- /* Zero out remaining slots in new jobs list */
- for ( ; j < nsize; j++)
- nlist[j] = (JOB *)NULL;
-
- if (jobs != nlist)
- {
- free (jobs);
- jobs = nlist;
- }
-
- if (ncur != NO_JOB)
- js.j_current = ncur;
- if (nprev != NO_JOB)
- js.j_previous = nprev;
-
- /* Need to reset these */
- if (js.j_current == NO_JOB || js.j_previous == NO_JOB || js.j_current > js.j_lastj || js.j_previous > js.j_lastj)
- reset_current ();
-
-#if 0
- itrace ("realloc_jobs_list: reset js.j_current (%d) and js.j_previous (%d)", js.j_current, js.j_previous);
-#endif
-
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-}
-
-/* Compact the jobs list by removing dead jobs. Assume that we have filled
- the jobs array to some predefined maximum. Called when the shell is not
- the foreground process (subshell_environment != 0). Returns the first
- available slot in the compacted list. If that value is js.j_jobslots, then
- the list needs to be reallocated. The jobs array may be in new memory if
- this returns > 0 and < js.j_jobslots. FLAGS is reserved for future use. */
-static int
-compact_jobs_list (flags)
- int flags;
-{
- if (js.j_jobslots == 0 || jobs_list_frozen)
- return js.j_jobslots;
-
- reap_dead_jobs ();
- realloc_jobs_list ();
-
-#if 0
- itrace("compact_jobs_list: returning %d", (js.j_lastj || jobs[js.j_lastj]) ? js.j_lastj + 1 : 0);
-#endif
-
- return ((js.j_lastj || jobs[js.j_lastj]) ? js.j_lastj + 1 : 0);
-}
-
-/* Delete the job at INDEX from the job list. Must be called
- with SIGCHLD blocked. */
-void
-delete_job (job_index, dflags)
- int job_index, dflags;
-{
- register JOB *temp;
- PROCESS *proc;
- int ndel;
-
- if (js.j_jobslots == 0 || jobs_list_frozen)
- return;
-
- if ((dflags & DEL_WARNSTOPPED) && subshell_environment == 0 && STOPPED (job_index))
- internal_warning (_("deleting stopped job %d with process group %ld"), job_index+1, (long)jobs[job_index]->pgrp);
- temp = jobs[job_index];
- if (temp == 0)
- return;
-
- if ((dflags & DEL_NOBGPID) == 0)
- {
- proc = find_last_proc (job_index, 0);
- /* Could do this just for J_ASYNC jobs, but we save all. */
- if (proc)
- bgp_add (proc->pid, process_exit_status (proc->status));
- }
-
- jobs[job_index] = (JOB *)NULL;
- if (temp == js.j_lastmade)
- js.j_lastmade = 0;
- else if (temp == js.j_lastasync)
- js.j_lastasync = 0;
-
- free (temp->wd);
- ndel = discard_pipeline (temp->pipe);
-
- js.c_injobs -= ndel;
- if (temp->state == JDEAD)
- {
- js.c_reaped -= ndel;
- js.j_ndead--;
- if (js.c_reaped < 0)
- {
-#ifdef DEBUG
- itrace("delete_job (%d pgrp %d): js.c_reaped (%d) < 0 ndel = %d js.j_ndead = %d", job_index, temp->pgrp, js.c_reaped, ndel, js.j_ndead);
-#endif
- js.c_reaped = 0;
- }
- }
-
- if (temp->deferred)
- dispose_command (temp->deferred);
-
- free (temp);
-
- js.j_njobs--;
- if (js.j_njobs == 0)
- js.j_firstj = js.j_lastj = 0;
- else if (jobs[js.j_firstj] == 0 || jobs[js.j_lastj] == 0)
- reset_job_indices ();
-
- if (job_index == js.j_current || job_index == js.j_previous)
- reset_current ();
-}
-
-/* Must be called with SIGCHLD blocked. */
-void
-nohup_job (job_index)
- int job_index;
-{
- register JOB *temp;
-
- if (js.j_jobslots == 0)
- return;
-
- if (temp = jobs[job_index])
- temp->flags |= J_NOHUP;
-}
-
-/* Get rid of the data structure associated with a process chain. */
-static int
-discard_pipeline (chain)
- register PROCESS *chain;
-{
- register PROCESS *this, *next;
- int n;
-
- this = chain;
- n = 0;
- do
- {
- next = this->next;
- FREE (this->command);
- free (this);
- n++;
- this = next;
- }
- while (this != chain);
-
- return n;
-}
-
-/* Add this process to the chain being built in the_pipeline.
- NAME is the command string that will be exec'ed later.
- PID is the process id of the child. */
-static void
-add_process (name, pid)
- char *name;
- pid_t pid;
-{
- PROCESS *t, *p;
-
-#if defined (RECYCLES_PIDS)
- int j;
- p = find_process (pid, 0, &j);
- if (p)
- {
-# ifdef DEBUG
- if (j == NO_JOB)
- internal_warning (_("add_process: process %5ld (%s) in the_pipeline"), (long)p->pid, p->command);
-# endif
- if (PALIVE (p))
- internal_warning (_("add_process: pid %5ld (%s) marked as still alive"), (long)p->pid, p->command);
- p->running = PS_RECYCLED; /* mark as recycled */
- }
-#endif
-
- t = (PROCESS *)xmalloc (sizeof (PROCESS));
- t->next = the_pipeline;
- t->pid = pid;
- WSTATUS (t->status) = 0;
- t->running = PS_RUNNING;
- t->command = name;
- the_pipeline = t;
-
- if (t->next == 0)
- t->next = t;
- else
- {
- p = t->next;
- while (p->next != t->next)
- p = p->next;
- p->next = t;
- }
-}
-
-/* Create a (dummy) PROCESS with NAME, PID, and STATUS, and make it the last
- process in jobs[JID]->pipe. Used by the lastpipe code. */
-void
-append_process (name, pid, status, jid)
- char *name;
- pid_t pid;
- int status;
- int jid;
-{
- PROCESS *t, *p;
-
- t = (PROCESS *)xmalloc (sizeof (PROCESS));
- t->next = (PROCESS *)NULL;
- t->pid = pid;
- /* set process exit status using offset discovered by configure */
- t->status = (status & 0xff) << WEXITSTATUS_OFFSET;
- t->running = PS_DONE;
- t->command = name;
-
- js.c_reaped++; /* XXX */
-
- for (p = jobs[jid]->pipe; p->next != jobs[jid]->pipe; p = p->next)
- ;
- p->next = t;
- t->next = jobs[jid]->pipe;
-}
-
-#if 0
-/* Take the last job and make it the first job. Must be called with
- SIGCHLD blocked. */
-int
-rotate_the_pipeline ()
-{
- PROCESS *p;
-
- if (the_pipeline->next == the_pipeline)
- return;
- for (p = the_pipeline; p->next != the_pipeline; p = p->next)
- ;
- the_pipeline = p;
-}
-
-/* Reverse the order of the processes in the_pipeline. Must be called with
- SIGCHLD blocked. */
-int
-reverse_the_pipeline ()
-{
- PROCESS *p, *n;
-
- if (the_pipeline->next == the_pipeline)
- return;
-
- for (p = the_pipeline; p->next != the_pipeline; p = p->next)
- ;
- p->next = (PROCESS *)NULL;
-
- n = REVERSE_LIST (the_pipeline, PROCESS *);
-
- the_pipeline = n;
- for (p = the_pipeline; p->next; p = p->next)
- ;
- p->next = the_pipeline;
-}
-#endif
-
-/* Map FUNC over the list of jobs. If FUNC returns non-zero,
- then it is time to stop mapping, and that is the return value
- for map_over_jobs. FUNC is called with a JOB, arg1, arg2,
- and INDEX. */
-static int
-map_over_jobs (func, arg1, arg2)
- sh_job_map_func_t *func;
- int arg1, arg2;
-{
- register int i;
- int result;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- if (js.j_jobslots == 0)
- return 0;
-
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
-
- /* XXX could use js.j_firstj here */
- for (i = result = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- {
-#if defined (DEBUG)
- if (i < js.j_firstj && jobs[i])
- itrace("map_over_jobs: job %d non-null before js.j_firstj (%d)", i, js.j_firstj);
- if (i > js.j_lastj && jobs[i])
- itrace("map_over_jobs: job %d non-null after js.j_lastj (%d)", i, js.j_lastj);
-#endif
- if (jobs[i])
- {
- result = (*func)(jobs[i], arg1, arg2, i);
- if (result)
- break;
- }
- }
-
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-
- return (result);
-}
-
-/* Cause all the jobs in the current pipeline to exit. */
-void
-terminate_current_pipeline ()
-{
- if (pipeline_pgrp && pipeline_pgrp != shell_pgrp)
- {
- killpg (pipeline_pgrp, SIGTERM);
- killpg (pipeline_pgrp, SIGCONT);
- }
-}
-
-/* Cause all stopped jobs to exit. */
-void
-terminate_stopped_jobs ()
-{
- register int i;
-
- /* XXX could use js.j_firstj here */
- for (i = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- {
- if (jobs[i] && STOPPED (i))
- {
- killpg (jobs[i]->pgrp, SIGTERM);
- killpg (jobs[i]->pgrp, SIGCONT);
- }
- }
-}
-
-/* Cause all jobs, running or stopped, to receive a hangup signal. If
- a job is marked J_NOHUP, don't send the SIGHUP. */
-void
-hangup_all_jobs ()
-{
- register int i;
-
- /* XXX could use js.j_firstj here */
- for (i = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- {
- if (jobs[i])
- {
- if (jobs[i]->flags & J_NOHUP)
- continue;
- killpg (jobs[i]->pgrp, SIGHUP);
- if (STOPPED (i))
- killpg (jobs[i]->pgrp, SIGCONT);
- }
- }
-}
-
-void
-kill_current_pipeline ()
-{
- stop_making_children ();
- start_pipeline ();
-}
-
-/* Return the pipeline that PID belongs to. Note that the pipeline
- doesn't have to belong to a job. Must be called with SIGCHLD blocked.
- If JOBP is non-null, return the index of the job containing PID. */
-static PROCESS *
-find_pipeline (pid, alive_only, jobp)
- pid_t pid;
- int alive_only;
- int *jobp; /* index into jobs list or NO_JOB */
-{
- int job;
- PROCESS *p;
-
- /* See if this process is in the pipeline that we are building. */
- if (jobp)
- *jobp = NO_JOB;
- if (the_pipeline)
- {
- p = the_pipeline;
- do
- {
- /* Return it if we found it. Don't ever return a recycled pid. */
- if (p->pid == pid && ((alive_only == 0 && PRECYCLED(p) == 0) || PALIVE(p)))
- return (p);
-
- p = p->next;
- }
- while (p != the_pipeline);
- }
-
- job = find_job (pid, alive_only, &p);
- if (jobp)
- *jobp = job;
- return (job == NO_JOB) ? (PROCESS *)NULL : jobs[job]->pipe;
-}
-
-/* Return the PROCESS * describing PID. If JOBP is non-null return the index
- into the jobs array of the job containing PID. Must be called with
- SIGCHLD blocked. */
-static PROCESS *
-find_process (pid, alive_only, jobp)
- pid_t pid;
- int alive_only;
- int *jobp; /* index into jobs list or NO_JOB */
-{
- PROCESS *p;
-
- p = find_pipeline (pid, alive_only, jobp);
- while (p && p->pid != pid)
- p = p->next;
- return p;
-}
-
-/* Return the job index that PID belongs to, or NO_JOB if it doesn't
- belong to any job. Must be called with SIGCHLD blocked. */
-static int
-find_job (pid, alive_only, procp)
- pid_t pid;
- int alive_only;
- PROCESS **procp;
-{
- register int i;
- PROCESS *p;
-
- /* XXX could use js.j_firstj here, and should check js.j_lastj */
- for (i = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- {
-#if defined (DEBUG)
- if (i < js.j_firstj && jobs[i])
- itrace("find_job: job %d non-null before js.j_firstj (%d)", i, js.j_firstj);
- if (i > js.j_lastj && jobs[i])
- itrace("find_job: job %d non-null after js.j_lastj (%d)", i, js.j_lastj);
-#endif
- if (jobs[i])
- {
- p = jobs[i]->pipe;
-
- do
- {
- if (p->pid == pid && ((alive_only == 0 && PRECYCLED(p) == 0) || PALIVE(p)))
- {
- if (procp)
- *procp = p;
- return (i);
- }
-
- p = p->next;
- }
- while (p != jobs[i]->pipe);
- }
- }
-
- return (NO_JOB);
-}
-
-/* Find a job given a PID. If BLOCK is non-zero, block SIGCHLD as
- required by find_job. */
-int
-get_job_by_pid (pid, block)
- pid_t pid;
- int block;
-{
- int job;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- if (block)
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
-
- job = find_job (pid, 0, NULL);
-
- if (block)
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-
- return job;
-}
-
-/* Print descriptive information about the job with leader pid PID. */
-void
-describe_pid (pid)
- pid_t pid;
-{
- int job;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
-
- job = find_job (pid, 0, NULL);
-
- if (job != NO_JOB)
- fprintf (stderr, "[%d] %ld\n", job + 1, (long)pid);
- else
- programming_error (_("describe_pid: %ld: no such pid"), (long)pid);
-
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-}
-
-static char *
-j_strsignal (s)
- int s;
-{
- char *x;
-
- x = strsignal (s);
- if (x == 0)
- {
- x = retcode_name_buffer;
- sprintf (x, _("Signal %d"), s);
- }
- return x;
-}
-
-static char *
-printable_job_status (j, p, format)
- int j;
- PROCESS *p;
- int format;
-{
- static char *temp;
- int es;
-
- temp = _("Done");
-
- if (STOPPED (j) && format == 0)
- {
- if (posixly_correct == 0 || p == 0 || (WIFSTOPPED (p->status) == 0))
- temp = _("Stopped");
- else
- {
- temp = retcode_name_buffer;
- sprintf (temp, _("Stopped(%s)"), signal_name (WSTOPSIG (p->status)));
- }
- }
- else if (RUNNING (j))
- temp = _("Running");
- else
- {
- if (WIFSTOPPED (p->status))
- temp = j_strsignal (WSTOPSIG (p->status));
- else if (WIFSIGNALED (p->status))
- temp = j_strsignal (WTERMSIG (p->status));
- else if (WIFEXITED (p->status))
- {
- temp = retcode_name_buffer;
- es = WEXITSTATUS (p->status);
- if (es == 0)
- strcpy (temp, _("Done"));
- else if (posixly_correct)
- sprintf (temp, _("Done(%d)"), es);
- else
- sprintf (temp, _("Exit %d"), es);
- }
- else
- temp = _("Unknown status");
- }
-
- return temp;
-}
-
-/* This is the way to print out information on a job if you
- know the index. FORMAT is:
-
- JLIST_NORMAL) [1]+ Running emacs
- JLIST_LONG ) [1]+ 2378 Running emacs
- -1 ) [1]+ 2378 emacs
-
- JLIST_NORMAL) [1]+ Stopped ls | more
- JLIST_LONG ) [1]+ 2369 Stopped ls
- 2367 | more
- JLIST_PID_ONLY)
- Just list the pid of the process group leader (really
- the process group).
- JLIST_CHANGED_ONLY)
- Use format JLIST_NORMAL, but list only jobs about which
- the user has not been notified. */
-
-/* Print status for pipeline P. If JOB_INDEX is >= 0, it is the index into
- the JOBS array corresponding to this pipeline. FORMAT is as described
- above. Must be called with SIGCHLD blocked.
-
- If you're printing a pipeline that's not in the jobs array, like the
- current pipeline as it's being created, pass -1 for JOB_INDEX */
-static void
-print_pipeline (p, job_index, format, stream)
- PROCESS *p;
- int job_index, format;
- FILE *stream;
-{
- PROCESS *first, *last, *show;
- int es, name_padding;
- char *temp;
-
- if (p == 0)
- return;
-
- first = last = p;
- while (last->next != first)
- last = last->next;
-
- for (;;)
- {
- if (p != first)
- fprintf (stream, format ? " " : " |");
-
- if (format != JLIST_STANDARD)
- fprintf (stream, "%5ld", (long)p->pid);
-
- fprintf (stream, " ");
-
- if (format > -1 && job_index >= 0)
- {
- show = format ? p : last;
- temp = printable_job_status (job_index, show, format);
-
- if (p != first)
- {
- if (format)
- {
- if (show->running == first->running &&
- WSTATUS (show->status) == WSTATUS (first->status))
- temp = "";
- }
- else
- temp = (char *)NULL;
- }
-
- if (temp)
- {
- fprintf (stream, "%s", temp);
-
- es = STRLEN (temp);
- if (es == 0)
- es = 2; /* strlen ("| ") */
- name_padding = LONGEST_SIGNAL_DESC - es;
-
- fprintf (stream, "%*s", name_padding, "");
-
- if ((WIFSTOPPED (show->status) == 0) &&
- (WIFCONTINUED (show->status) == 0) &&
- WIFCORED (show->status))
- fprintf (stream, _("(core dumped) "));
- }
- }
-
- if (p != first && format)
- fprintf (stream, "| ");
-
- if (p->command)
- fprintf (stream, "%s", p->command);
-
- if (p == last && job_index >= 0)
- {
- temp = current_working_directory ();
-
- if (RUNNING (job_index) && (IS_FOREGROUND (job_index) == 0))
- fprintf (stream, " &");
-
- if (strcmp (temp, jobs[job_index]->wd) != 0)
- fprintf (stream,
- _(" (wd: %s)"), polite_directory_format (jobs[job_index]->wd));
- }
-
- if (format || (p == last))
- {
- /* We need to add a CR only if this is an interactive shell, and
- we're reporting the status of a completed job asynchronously.
- We can't really check whether this particular job is being
- reported asynchronously, so just add the CR if the shell is
- currently interactive and asynchronous notification is enabled. */
- if (asynchronous_notification && interactive)
- fprintf (stream, "\r\n");
- else
- fprintf (stream, "\n");
- }
-
- if (p == last)
- break;
- p = p->next;
- }
- fflush (stream);
-}
-
-/* Print information to STREAM about jobs[JOB_INDEX] according to FORMAT.
- Must be called with SIGCHLD blocked or queued with queue_sigchld */
-static void
-pretty_print_job (job_index, format, stream)
- int job_index, format;
- FILE *stream;
-{
- register PROCESS *p;
-
- /* Format only pid information about the process group leader? */
- if (format == JLIST_PID_ONLY)
- {
- fprintf (stream, "%ld\n", (long)jobs[job_index]->pipe->pid);
- return;
- }
-
- if (format == JLIST_CHANGED_ONLY)
- {
- if (IS_NOTIFIED (job_index))
- return;
- format = JLIST_STANDARD;
- }
-
- if (format != JLIST_NONINTERACTIVE)
- fprintf (stream, "[%d]%c ", job_index + 1,
- (job_index == js.j_current) ? '+':
- (job_index == js.j_previous) ? '-' : ' ');
-
- if (format == JLIST_NONINTERACTIVE)
- format = JLIST_LONG;
-
- p = jobs[job_index]->pipe;
-
- print_pipeline (p, job_index, format, stream);
-
- /* We have printed information about this job. When the job's
- status changes, waitchld () sets the notification flag to 0. */
- jobs[job_index]->flags |= J_NOTIFIED;
-}
-
-static int
-print_job (job, format, state, job_index)
- JOB *job;
- int format, state, job_index;
-{
- if (state == -1 || (JOB_STATE)state == job->state)
- pretty_print_job (job_index, format, stdout);
- return (0);
-}
-
-void
-list_one_job (job, format, ignore, job_index)
- JOB *job;
- int format, ignore, job_index;
-{
- pretty_print_job (job_index, format, stdout);
-}
-
-void
-list_stopped_jobs (format)
- int format;
-{
- cleanup_dead_jobs ();
- map_over_jobs (print_job, format, (int)JSTOPPED);
-}
-
-void
-list_running_jobs (format)
- int format;
-{
- cleanup_dead_jobs ();
- map_over_jobs (print_job, format, (int)JRUNNING);
-}
-
-/* List jobs. If FORMAT is non-zero, then the long form of the information
- is printed, else just a short version. */
-void
-list_all_jobs (format)
- int format;
-{
- cleanup_dead_jobs ();
- map_over_jobs (print_job, format, -1);
-}
-
-/* Fork, handling errors. Returns the pid of the newly made child, or 0.
- COMMAND is just for remembering the name of the command; we don't do
- anything else with it. ASYNC_P says what to do with the tty. If
- non-zero, then don't give it away. */
-pid_t
-make_child (command, async_p)
- char *command;
- int async_p;
-{
- int forksleep;
- sigset_t set, oset;
- pid_t pid;
-
- /* XXX - block SIGTERM here and unblock in child after fork resets the
- set of pending signals? */
- sigemptyset (&set);
- sigaddset (&set, SIGCHLD);
- sigaddset (&set, SIGINT);
- sigemptyset (&oset);
- sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, &set, &oset);
-
- making_children ();
-
- forksleep = 1;
-
-#if defined (BUFFERED_INPUT)
- /* If default_buffered_input is active, we are reading a script. If
- the command is asynchronous, we have already duplicated /dev/null
- as fd 0, but have not changed the buffered stream corresponding to
- the old fd 0. We don't want to sync the stream in this case. */
- if (default_buffered_input != -1 &&
- (!async_p || default_buffered_input > 0))
- sync_buffered_stream (default_buffered_input);
-#endif /* BUFFERED_INPUT */
-
- RESET_SIGTERM;
-
- /* Create the child, handle severe errors. Retry on EAGAIN. */
- while ((pid = fork ()) < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && forksleep < FORKSLEEP_MAX)
- {
- /* bash-4.2 */
- /* If we can't create any children, try to reap some dead ones. */
- waitchld (-1, 0);
-
- sys_error ("fork: retry");
- RESET_SIGTERM;
-
- if (sleep (forksleep) != 0)
- break;
- forksleep <<= 1;
- }
-
- if (pid != 0)
- RESET_SIGTERM;
-
- if (pid < 0)
- {
- sys_error ("fork");
-
- /* Kill all of the processes in the current pipeline. */
- terminate_current_pipeline ();
-
- /* Discard the current pipeline, if any. */
- if (the_pipeline)
- kill_current_pipeline ();
-
- last_command_exit_value = EX_NOEXEC;
- throw_to_top_level (); /* Reset signals, etc. */
- }
-
- if (pid == 0)
- {
- /* In the child. Give this child the right process group, set the
- signals to the default state for a new process. */
- pid_t mypid;
-
- mypid = getpid ();
-#if defined (BUFFERED_INPUT)
- /* Close default_buffered_input if it's > 0. We don't close it if it's
- 0 because that's the file descriptor used when redirecting input,
- and it's wrong to close the file in that case. */
- unset_bash_input (0);
-#endif /* BUFFERED_INPUT */
-
- /* Restore top-level signal mask. */
- sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &top_level_mask, (sigset_t *)NULL);
-
- if (job_control)
- {
- /* All processes in this pipeline belong in the same
- process group. */
-
- if (pipeline_pgrp == 0) /* This is the first child. */
- pipeline_pgrp = mypid;
-
- /* Check for running command in backquotes. */
- if (pipeline_pgrp == shell_pgrp)
- ignore_tty_job_signals ();
- else
- default_tty_job_signals ();
-
- /* Set the process group before trying to mess with the terminal's
- process group. This is mandated by POSIX. */
- /* This is in accordance with the Posix 1003.1 standard,
- section B.7.2.4, which says that trying to set the terminal
- process group with tcsetpgrp() to an unused pgrp value (like
- this would have for the first child) is an error. Section
- B.4.3.3, p. 237 also covers this, in the context of job control
- shells. */
- if (setpgid (mypid, pipeline_pgrp) < 0)
- sys_error (_("child setpgid (%ld to %ld)"), (long)mypid, (long)pipeline_pgrp);
-
- /* By convention (and assumption above), if
- pipeline_pgrp == shell_pgrp, we are making a child for
- command substitution.
- In this case, we don't want to give the terminal to the
- shell's process group (we could be in the middle of a
- pipeline, for example). */
- if (async_p == 0 && pipeline_pgrp != shell_pgrp && ((subshell_environment&SUBSHELL_ASYNC) == 0))
- give_terminal_to (pipeline_pgrp, 0);
-
-#if defined (PGRP_PIPE)
- if (pipeline_pgrp == mypid)
- pipe_read (pgrp_pipe);
-#endif
- }
- else /* Without job control... */
- {
- if (pipeline_pgrp == 0)
- pipeline_pgrp = shell_pgrp;
-
- /* If these signals are set to SIG_DFL, we encounter the curious
- situation of an interactive ^Z to a running process *working*
- and stopping the process, but being unable to do anything with
- that process to change its state. On the other hand, if they
- are set to SIG_IGN, jobs started from scripts do not stop when
- the shell running the script gets a SIGTSTP and stops. */
-
- default_tty_job_signals ();
- }
-
-#if defined (PGRP_PIPE)
- /* Release the process group pipe, since our call to setpgid ()
- is done. The last call to sh_closepipe is done in stop_pipeline. */
- sh_closepipe (pgrp_pipe);
-#endif /* PGRP_PIPE */
-
-#if 0
- /* Don't set last_asynchronous_pid in the child */
- if (async_p)
- last_asynchronous_pid = mypid; /* XXX */
- else
-#endif
-#if defined (RECYCLES_PIDS)
- if (last_asynchronous_pid == mypid)
- /* Avoid pid aliasing. 1 seems like a safe, unusual pid value. */
- last_asynchronous_pid = 1;
-#endif
- }
- else
- {
- /* In the parent. Remember the pid of the child just created
- as the proper pgrp if this is the first child. */
-
- if (job_control)
- {
- if (pipeline_pgrp == 0)
- {
- pipeline_pgrp = pid;
- /* Don't twiddle terminal pgrps in the parent! This is the bug,
- not the good thing of twiddling them in the child! */
- /* give_terminal_to (pipeline_pgrp, 0); */
- }
- /* This is done on the recommendation of the Rationale section of
- the POSIX 1003.1 standard, where it discusses job control and
- shells. It is done to avoid possible race conditions. (Ref.
- 1003.1 Rationale, section B.4.3.3, page 236). */
- setpgid (pid, pipeline_pgrp);
- }
- else
- {
- if (pipeline_pgrp == 0)
- pipeline_pgrp = shell_pgrp;
- }
-
- /* Place all processes into the jobs array regardless of the
- state of job_control. */
- add_process (command, pid);
-
- if (async_p)
- last_asynchronous_pid = pid;
-#if defined (RECYCLES_PIDS)
- else if (last_asynchronous_pid == pid)
- /* Avoid pid aliasing. 1 seems like a safe, unusual pid value. */
- last_asynchronous_pid = 1;
-#endif
-
- /* Delete the saved status for any job containing this PID in case it's
- been reused. */
- delete_old_job (pid);
-
- /* Perform the check for pid reuse unconditionally. Some systems reuse
- PIDs before giving a process CHILD_MAX/_SC_CHILD_MAX unique ones. */
- bgp_delete (pid); /* new process, discard any saved status */
-
- last_made_pid = pid;
-
- /* keep stats */
- js.c_totforked++;
- js.c_living++;
-
- /* Unblock SIGINT and SIGCHLD unless creating a pipeline, in which case
- SIGCHLD remains blocked until all commands in the pipeline have been
- created. */
- sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &oset, (sigset_t *)NULL);
- }
-
- return (pid);
-}
-
-/* These two functions are called only in child processes. */
-void
-ignore_tty_job_signals ()
-{
- set_signal_handler (SIGTSTP, SIG_IGN);
- set_signal_handler (SIGTTIN, SIG_IGN);
- set_signal_handler (SIGTTOU, SIG_IGN);
-}
-
-void
-default_tty_job_signals ()
-{
- set_signal_handler (SIGTSTP, SIG_DFL);
- set_signal_handler (SIGTTIN, SIG_DFL);
- set_signal_handler (SIGTTOU, SIG_DFL);
-}
-
-/* When we end a job abnormally, or if we stop a job, we set the tty to the
- state kept in here. When a job ends normally, we set the state in here
- to the state of the tty. */
-
-static TTYSTRUCT shell_tty_info;
-
-#if defined (NEW_TTY_DRIVER)
-static struct tchars shell_tchars;
-static struct ltchars shell_ltchars;
-#endif /* NEW_TTY_DRIVER */
-
-#if defined (NEW_TTY_DRIVER) && defined (DRAIN_OUTPUT)
-/* Since the BSD tty driver does not allow us to change the tty modes
- while simultaneously waiting for output to drain and preserving
- typeahead, we have to drain the output ourselves before calling
- ioctl. We cheat by finding the length of the output queue, and
- using select to wait for an appropriate length of time. This is
- a hack, and should be labeled as such (it's a hastily-adapted
- mutation of a `usleep' implementation). It's only reason for
- existing is the flaw in the BSD tty driver. */
-
-static int ttspeeds[] =
-{
- 0, 50, 75, 110, 134, 150, 200, 300, 600, 1200,
- 1800, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400
-};
-
-static void
-draino (fd, ospeed)
- int fd, ospeed;
-{
- register int delay = ttspeeds[ospeed];
- int n;
-
- if (!delay)
- return;
-
- while ((ioctl (fd, TIOCOUTQ, &n) == 0) && n)
- {
- if (n > (delay / 100))
- {
- struct timeval tv;
-
- n *= 10; /* 2 bits more for conservativeness. */
- tv.tv_sec = n / delay;
- tv.tv_usec = ((n % delay) * 1000000) / delay;
- select (fd, (fd_set *)0, (fd_set *)0, (fd_set *)0, &tv);
- }
- else
- break;
- }
-}
-#endif /* NEW_TTY_DRIVER && DRAIN_OUTPUT */
-
-/* Return the fd from which we are actually getting input. */
-#define input_tty() (shell_tty != -1) ? shell_tty : fileno (stderr)
-
-/* Fill the contents of shell_tty_info with the current tty info. */
-int
-get_tty_state ()
-{
- int tty;
-
- tty = input_tty ();
- if (tty != -1)
- {
-#if defined (NEW_TTY_DRIVER)
- ioctl (tty, TIOCGETP, &shell_tty_info);
- ioctl (tty, TIOCGETC, &shell_tchars);
- ioctl (tty, TIOCGLTC, &shell_ltchars);
-#endif /* NEW_TTY_DRIVER */
-
-#if defined (TERMIO_TTY_DRIVER)
- ioctl (tty, TCGETA, &shell_tty_info);
-#endif /* TERMIO_TTY_DRIVER */
-
-#if defined (TERMIOS_TTY_DRIVER)
- if (tcgetattr (tty, &shell_tty_info) < 0)
- {
-#if 0
- /* Only print an error message if we're really interactive at
- this time. */
- if (interactive)
- sys_error ("[%ld: %d (%d)] tcgetattr", (long)getpid (), shell_level, tty);
-#endif
- return -1;
- }
-#endif /* TERMIOS_TTY_DRIVER */
- if (check_window_size)
- get_new_window_size (0, (int *)0, (int *)0);
- }
- return 0;
-}
-
-/* Make the current tty use the state in shell_tty_info. */
-int
-set_tty_state ()
-{
- int tty;
-
- tty = input_tty ();
- if (tty != -1)
- {
-#if defined (NEW_TTY_DRIVER)
-# if defined (DRAIN_OUTPUT)
- draino (tty, shell_tty_info.sg_ospeed);
-# endif /* DRAIN_OUTPUT */
- ioctl (tty, TIOCSETN, &shell_tty_info);
- ioctl (tty, TIOCSETC, &shell_tchars);
- ioctl (tty, TIOCSLTC, &shell_ltchars);
-#endif /* NEW_TTY_DRIVER */
-
-#if defined (TERMIO_TTY_DRIVER)
- ioctl (tty, TCSETAW, &shell_tty_info);
-#endif /* TERMIO_TTY_DRIVER */
-
-#if defined (TERMIOS_TTY_DRIVER)
- if (tcsetattr (tty, TCSADRAIN, &shell_tty_info) < 0)
- {
- /* Only print an error message if we're really interactive at
- this time. */
- if (interactive)
- sys_error ("[%ld: %d (%d)] tcsetattr", (long)getpid (), shell_level, tty);
- return -1;
- }
-#endif /* TERMIOS_TTY_DRIVER */
- }
- return 0;
-}
-
-/* Given an index into the jobs array JOB, return the PROCESS struct of the last
- process in that job's pipeline. This is the one whose exit status
- counts. Must be called with SIGCHLD blocked or queued. */
-static PROCESS *
-find_last_proc (job, block)
- int job;
- int block;
-{
- register PROCESS *p;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- if (block)
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
-
- p = jobs[job]->pipe;
- while (p && p->next != jobs[job]->pipe)
- p = p->next;
-
- if (block)
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-
- return (p);
-}
-
-static pid_t
-find_last_pid (job, block)
- int job;
- int block;
-{
- PROCESS *p;
-
- p = find_last_proc (job, block);
- /* Possible race condition here. */
- return p->pid;
-}
-
-/* Wait for a particular child of the shell to finish executing.
- This low-level function prints an error message if PID is not
- a child of this shell. It returns -1 if it fails, or whatever
- wait_for returns otherwise. If the child is not found in the
- jobs table, it returns 127. */
-int
-wait_for_single_pid (pid)
- pid_t pid;
-{
- register PROCESS *child;
- sigset_t set, oset;
- int r, job;
-
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
- child = find_pipeline (pid, 0, (int *)NULL);
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-
- if (child == 0)
- {
- r = bgp_search (pid);
- if (r >= 0)
- return r;
- }
-
- if (child == 0)
- {
- internal_error (_("wait: pid %ld is not a child of this shell"), (long)pid);
- return (127);
- }
-
- r = wait_for (pid);
-
- /* POSIX.2: if we just waited for a job, we can remove it from the jobs
- table. */
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
- job = find_job (pid, 0, NULL);
- if (job != NO_JOB && jobs[job] && DEADJOB (job))
- jobs[job]->flags |= J_NOTIFIED;
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-
- /* If running in posix mode, remove the job from the jobs table immediately */
- if (posixly_correct)
- {
- cleanup_dead_jobs ();
- bgp_delete (pid);
- }
-
- return r;
-}
-
-/* Wait for all of the background processes started by this shell to finish. */
-void
-wait_for_background_pids ()
-{
- register int i, r, waited_for;
- sigset_t set, oset;
- pid_t pid;
-
- for (waited_for = 0;;)
- {
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
-
- /* find first running job; if none running in foreground, break */
- /* XXX could use js.j_firstj and js.j_lastj here */
- for (i = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- {
-#if defined (DEBUG)
- if (i < js.j_firstj && jobs[i])
- itrace("wait_for_background_pids: job %d non-null before js.j_firstj (%d)", i, js.j_firstj);
- if (i > js.j_lastj && jobs[i])
- itrace("wait_for_background_pids: job %d non-null after js.j_lastj (%d)", i, js.j_lastj);
-#endif
- if (jobs[i] && RUNNING (i) && IS_FOREGROUND (i) == 0)
- break;
- }
- if (i == js.j_jobslots)
- {
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- break;
- }
-
- /* now wait for the last pid in that job. */
- pid = find_last_pid (i, 0);
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- QUIT;
- errno = 0; /* XXX */
- r = wait_for_single_pid (pid);
- if (r == -1)
- {
- /* If we're mistaken about job state, compensate. */
- if (errno == ECHILD)
- mark_all_jobs_as_dead ();
- }
- else
- waited_for++;
- }
-
- /* POSIX.2 says the shell can discard the statuses of all completed jobs if
- `wait' is called with no arguments. */
- mark_dead_jobs_as_notified (1);
- cleanup_dead_jobs ();
- bgp_clear ();
-}
-
-/* Make OLD_SIGINT_HANDLER the SIGINT signal handler. */
-#define INVALID_SIGNAL_HANDLER (SigHandler *)wait_for_background_pids
-static SigHandler *old_sigint_handler = INVALID_SIGNAL_HANDLER;
-
-static int wait_sigint_received;
-static int child_caught_sigint;
-static int waiting_for_child;
-
-static void
-restore_sigint_handler ()
-{
- if (old_sigint_handler != INVALID_SIGNAL_HANDLER)
- {
- set_signal_handler (SIGINT, old_sigint_handler);
- old_sigint_handler = INVALID_SIGNAL_HANDLER;
- waiting_for_child = 0;
- }
-}
-
-/* Handle SIGINT while we are waiting for children in a script to exit.
- The `wait' builtin should be interruptible, but all others should be
- effectively ignored (i.e. not cause the shell to exit). */
-static sighandler
-wait_sigint_handler (sig)
- int sig;
-{
- SigHandler *sigint_handler;
-
- if (interrupt_immediately ||
- (this_shell_builtin && this_shell_builtin == wait_builtin))
- {
- last_command_exit_value = 128+SIGINT;
- restore_sigint_handler ();
- /* If we got a SIGINT while in `wait', and SIGINT is trapped, do
- what POSIX.2 says (see builtins/wait.def for more info). */
- if (this_shell_builtin && this_shell_builtin == wait_builtin &&
- signal_is_trapped (SIGINT) &&
- ((sigint_handler = trap_to_sighandler (SIGINT)) == trap_handler))
- {
- trap_handler (SIGINT); /* set pending_traps[SIGINT] */
- wait_signal_received = SIGINT;
- if (interrupt_immediately)
- {
- interrupt_immediately = 0;
- longjmp (wait_intr_buf, 1);
- }
- else
- /* Let CHECK_WAIT_INTR handle it in wait_for/waitchld */
- SIGRETURN (0);
- }
- else if (interrupt_immediately)
- {
- ADDINTERRUPT;
- QUIT;
- }
- else /* wait_builtin but signal not trapped, treat as interrupt */
- kill (getpid (), SIGINT);
- }
-
- /* XXX - should this be interrupt_state? If it is, the shell will act
- as if it got the SIGINT interrupt. */
- if (waiting_for_child)
- wait_sigint_received = 1;
- else
- {
- last_command_exit_value = 128+SIGINT;
- restore_sigint_handler ();
- kill (getpid (), SIGINT);
- }
-
- /* Otherwise effectively ignore the SIGINT and allow the running job to
- be killed. */
- SIGRETURN (0);
-}
-
-static int
-process_exit_signal (status)
- WAIT status;
-{
- return (WIFSIGNALED (status) ? WTERMSIG (status) : 0);
-}
-
-static int
-process_exit_status (status)
- WAIT status;
-{
- if (WIFSIGNALED (status))
- return (128 + WTERMSIG (status));
- else if (WIFSTOPPED (status) == 0)
- return (WEXITSTATUS (status));
- else
- return (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
-}
-
-static WAIT
-job_signal_status (job)
- int job;
-{
- register PROCESS *p;
- WAIT s;
-
- p = jobs[job]->pipe;
- do
- {
- s = p->status;
- if (WIFSIGNALED(s) || WIFSTOPPED(s))
- break;
- p = p->next;
- }
- while (p != jobs[job]->pipe);
-
- return s;
-}
-
-/* Return the exit status of the last process in the pipeline for job JOB.
- This is the exit status of the entire job. */
-static WAIT
-raw_job_exit_status (job)
- int job;
-{
- register PROCESS *p;
- int fail;
- WAIT ret;
-
- if (pipefail_opt)
- {
- fail = 0;
- p = jobs[job]->pipe;
- do
- {
- if (WSTATUS (p->status) != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- fail = WSTATUS(p->status);
- p = p->next;
- }
- while (p != jobs[job]->pipe);
- WSTATUS (ret) = fail;
- return ret;
- }
-
- for (p = jobs[job]->pipe; p->next != jobs[job]->pipe; p = p->next)
- ;
- return (p->status);
-}
-
-/* Return the exit status of job JOB. This is the exit status of the last
- (rightmost) process in the job's pipeline, modified if the job was killed
- by a signal or stopped. */
-int
-job_exit_status (job)
- int job;
-{
- return (process_exit_status (raw_job_exit_status (job)));
-}
-
-int
-job_exit_signal (job)
- int job;
-{
- return (process_exit_signal (raw_job_exit_status (job)));
-}
-
-#define FIND_CHILD(pid, child) \
- do \
- { \
- child = find_pipeline (pid, 0, (int *)NULL); \
- if (child == 0) \
- { \
- give_terminal_to (shell_pgrp, 0); \
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset); \
- internal_error (_("wait_for: No record of process %ld"), (long)pid); \
- restore_sigint_handler (); \
- return (termination_state = 127); \
- } \
- } \
- while (0)
-
-/* Wait for pid (one of our children) to terminate, then
- return the termination state. Returns 127 if PID is not found in
- the jobs table. Returns -1 if waitchld() returns -1, indicating
- that there are no unwaited-for child processes. */
-int
-wait_for (pid)
- pid_t pid;
-{
- int job, termination_state, r;
- WAIT s;
- register PROCESS *child;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- /* In the case that this code is interrupted, and we longjmp () out of it,
- we are relying on the code in throw_to_top_level () to restore the
- top-level signal mask. */
- child = 0;
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
-
- /* Ignore interrupts while waiting for a job run without job control
- to finish. We don't want the shell to exit if an interrupt is
- received, only if one of the jobs run is killed via SIGINT. If
- job control is not set, the job will be run in the same pgrp as
- the shell, and the shell will see any signals the job gets. In
- fact, we want this set every time the waiting shell and the waited-
- for process are in the same process group, including command
- substitution. */
-
- /* This is possibly a race condition -- should it go in stop_pipeline? */
- wait_sigint_received = child_caught_sigint = 0;
- if (job_control == 0 || (subshell_environment&SUBSHELL_COMSUB))
- {
- old_sigint_handler = set_signal_handler (SIGINT, wait_sigint_handler);
- waiting_for_child = 0;
- if (old_sigint_handler == SIG_IGN)
- set_signal_handler (SIGINT, old_sigint_handler);
- }
-
- termination_state = last_command_exit_value;
-
- if (interactive && job_control == 0)
- QUIT;
- /* Check for terminating signals and exit the shell if we receive one */
- CHECK_TERMSIG;
-
- /* Check for a trapped signal interrupting the wait builtin and jump out */
- CHECK_WAIT_INTR;
-
- /* If we say wait_for (), then we have a record of this child somewhere.
- If it and none of its peers are running, don't call waitchld(). */
-
- job = NO_JOB;
- do
- {
- if (pid != ANY_PID)
- FIND_CHILD (pid, child);
-
- /* If this child is part of a job, then we are really waiting for the
- job to finish. Otherwise, we are waiting for the child to finish.
- We check for JDEAD in case the job state has been set by waitchld
- after receipt of a SIGCHLD. */
- if (job == NO_JOB)
- job = find_job (pid, 0, NULL);
-
- /* waitchld() takes care of setting the state of the job. If the job
- has already exited before this is called, sigchld_handler will have
- called waitchld and the state will be set to JDEAD. */
-
- if (pid == ANY_PID || PRUNNING(child) || (job != NO_JOB && RUNNING (job)))
- {
-#if defined (WAITPID_BROKEN) /* SCOv4 */
- sigset_t suspend_set;
- sigemptyset (&suspend_set);
- sigsuspend (&suspend_set);
-#else /* !WAITPID_BROKEN */
-# if defined (MUST_UNBLOCK_CHLD)
- struct sigaction act, oact;
- sigset_t nullset, chldset;
-
- sigemptyset (&nullset);
- sigemptyset (&chldset);
- sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &nullset, &chldset);
- act.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
- sigemptyset (&act.sa_mask);
- sigemptyset (&oact.sa_mask);
- act.sa_flags = 0;
-# if defined (SA_RESTART)
- act.sa_flags |= SA_RESTART;
-# endif
- sigaction (SIGCHLD, &act, &oact);
-# endif /* MUST_UNBLOCK_CHLD */
- queue_sigchld = 1;
- waiting_for_child++;
- r = waitchld (pid, 1); /* XXX */
- waiting_for_child--;
-#if 0
-itrace("wait_for: blocking wait for %d returns %d child = %p", (int)pid, r, child);
-#endif
-# if defined (MUST_UNBLOCK_CHLD)
- sigaction (SIGCHLD, &oact, (struct sigaction *)NULL);
- sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &chldset, (sigset_t *)NULL);
-# endif
- queue_sigchld = 0;
- if (r == -1 && errno == ECHILD && this_shell_builtin == wait_builtin)
- {
- termination_state = -1;
- /* XXX - restore sigint handler here? */
- goto wait_for_return;
- }
-
- /* If child is marked as running, but waitpid() returns -1/ECHILD,
- there is something wrong. Somewhere, wait should have returned
- that child's pid. Mark the child as not running and the job,
- if it exists, as JDEAD. */
- if (r == -1 && errno == ECHILD)
- {
- if (child)
- {
- child->running = PS_DONE;
- WSTATUS (child->status) = 0; /* XXX -- can't find true status */
- }
- js.c_living = 0; /* no living child processes */
- if (job != NO_JOB)
- {
- jobs[job]->state = JDEAD;
- js.c_reaped++;
- js.j_ndead++;
- }
- if (pid == ANY_PID)
- {
- termination_state = -1;
- break;
- }
- }
-#endif /* WAITPID_BROKEN */
- }
-
- /* If the shell is interactive, and job control is disabled, see
- if the foreground process has died due to SIGINT and jump out
- of the wait loop if it has. waitchld has already restored the
- old SIGINT signal handler. */
- if (interactive && job_control == 0)
- QUIT;
- /* Check for terminating signals and exit the shell if we receive one */
- CHECK_TERMSIG;
-
- /* Check for a trapped signal interrupting the wait builtin and jump out */
- CHECK_WAIT_INTR;
-
- if (pid == ANY_PID)
- /* XXX - could set child but we don't have a handle on what waitchld
- reaps. Leave termination_state alone. */
- goto wait_for_return;
- }
- while (PRUNNING (child) || (job != NO_JOB && RUNNING (job)));
-
- /* Restore the original SIGINT signal handler before we return. */
- restore_sigint_handler ();
-
- /* The exit state of the command is either the termination state of the
- child, or the termination state of the job. If a job, the status
- of the last child in the pipeline is the significant one. If the command
- or job was terminated by a signal, note that value also. */
- termination_state = (job != NO_JOB) ? job_exit_status (job)
- : process_exit_status (child->status);
- last_command_exit_signal = (job != NO_JOB) ? job_exit_signal (job)
- : process_exit_signal (child->status);
-
- /* XXX */
- if ((job != NO_JOB && JOBSTATE (job) == JSTOPPED) || WIFSTOPPED (child->status))
- termination_state = 128 + WSTOPSIG (child->status);
-
- if (job == NO_JOB || IS_JOBCONTROL (job))
- {
- /* XXX - under what circumstances is a job not present in the jobs
- table (job == NO_JOB)?
- 1. command substitution
-
- In the case of command substitution, at least, it's probably not
- the right thing to give the terminal to the shell's process group,
- even though there is code in subst.c:command_substitute to work
- around it.
-
- Things that don't:
- $PROMPT_COMMAND execution
- process substitution
- */
-#if 0
-if (job == NO_JOB)
- itrace("wait_for: job == NO_JOB, giving the terminal to shell_pgrp (%ld)", (long)shell_pgrp);
-#endif
- give_terminal_to (shell_pgrp, 0);
- }
-
- /* If the command did not exit cleanly, or the job is just
- being stopped, then reset the tty state back to what it
- was before this command. Reset the tty state and notify
- the user of the job termination only if the shell is
- interactive. Clean up any dead jobs in either case. */
- if (job != NO_JOB)
- {
- if (interactive_shell && subshell_environment == 0)
- {
- /* This used to use `child->status'. That's wrong, however, for
- pipelines. `child' is the first process in the pipeline. It's
- likely that the process we want to check for abnormal termination
- or stopping is the last process in the pipeline, especially if
- it's long-lived and the first process is short-lived. Since we
- know we have a job here, we can check all the processes in this
- job's pipeline and see if one of them stopped or terminated due
- to a signal. We might want to change this later to just check
- the last process in the pipeline. If no process exits due to a
- signal, S is left as the status of the last job in the pipeline. */
- s = job_signal_status (job);
-
- if (WIFSIGNALED (s) || WIFSTOPPED (s))
- {
- set_tty_state ();
-
- /* If the current job was stopped or killed by a signal, and
- the user has requested it, get a possibly new window size */
- if (check_window_size && (job == js.j_current || IS_FOREGROUND (job)))
- get_new_window_size (0, (int *)0, (int *)0);
- }
- else
- get_tty_state ();
-
- /* If job control is enabled, the job was started with job
- control, the job was the foreground job, and it was killed
- by SIGINT, then print a newline to compensate for the kernel
- printing the ^C without a trailing newline. */
- if (job_control && IS_JOBCONTROL (job) && IS_FOREGROUND (job) &&
- WIFSIGNALED (s) && WTERMSIG (s) == SIGINT)
- {
- /* If SIGINT is not trapped and the shell is in a for, while,
- or until loop, act as if the shell received SIGINT as
- well, so the loop can be broken. This doesn't call the
- SIGINT signal handler; maybe it should. */
- if (signal_is_trapped (SIGINT) == 0 && (loop_level || (shell_compatibility_level > 32 && executing_list)))
- ADDINTERRUPT;
- else
- {
- putchar ('\n');
- fflush (stdout);
- }
- }
- }
- else if ((subshell_environment & (SUBSHELL_COMSUB|SUBSHELL_PIPE)) && wait_sigint_received)
- {
- /* If waiting for a job in a subshell started to do command
- substitution or to run a pipeline element that consists of
- something like a while loop or a for loop, simulate getting
- and being killed by the SIGINT to pass the status back to our
- parent. */
- s = job_signal_status (job);
-
- if (child_caught_sigint == 0 && signal_is_trapped (SIGINT) == 0)
- {
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- old_sigint_handler = set_signal_handler (SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
- if (old_sigint_handler == SIG_IGN)
- restore_sigint_handler ();
- else
- kill (getpid (), SIGINT);
- }
- }
- else if (interactive_shell == 0 && IS_FOREGROUND (job) && check_window_size)
- get_new_window_size (0, (int *)0, (int *)0);
-
- /* Moved here from set_job_status_and_cleanup, which is in the SIGCHLD
- signal handler path */
- if (DEADJOB (job) && IS_FOREGROUND (job) /*&& subshell_environment == 0*/)
- setjstatus (job);
-
- /* If this job is dead, notify the user of the status. If the shell
- is interactive, this will display a message on the terminal. If
- the shell is not interactive, make sure we turn on the notify bit
- so we don't get an unwanted message about the job's termination,
- and so delete_job really clears the slot in the jobs table. */
- notify_and_cleanup ();
- }
-
-wait_for_return:
-
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-
- return (termination_state);
-}
-
-/* Wait for the last process in the pipeline for JOB. Returns whatever
- wait_for returns: the last process's termination state or -1 if there
- are no unwaited-for child processes or an error occurs. */
-int
-wait_for_job (job)
- int job;
-{
- pid_t pid;
- int r;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- BLOCK_CHILD(set, oset);
- if (JOBSTATE (job) == JSTOPPED)
- internal_warning (_("wait_for_job: job %d is stopped"), job+1);
-
- pid = find_last_pid (job, 0);
- UNBLOCK_CHILD(oset);
- r = wait_for (pid);
-
- /* POSIX.2: we can remove the job from the jobs table if we just waited
- for it. */
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
- if (job != NO_JOB && jobs[job] && DEADJOB (job))
- jobs[job]->flags |= J_NOTIFIED;
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-
- return r;
-}
-
-/* Wait for any background job started by this shell to finish. Very
- similar to wait_for_background_pids(). Returns the exit status of
- the next exiting job, -1 if there are no background jobs. The caller
- is responsible for translating -1 into the right return value. */
-int
-wait_for_any_job ()
-{
- pid_t pid;
- int i, r, waited_for;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- if (jobs_list_frozen)
- return -1;
-
- /* First see if there are any unnotified dead jobs that we can report on */
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
- for (i = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- {
- if (jobs[i] && DEADJOB (i) && IS_NOTIFIED (i) == 0)
- {
-return_job:
- r = job_exit_status (i);
- notify_of_job_status (); /* XXX */
- delete_job (i, 0);
-#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
- coproc_reap ();
-#endif
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- return r;
- }
- }
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-
- /* At this point, we have no dead jobs in the jobs table. Wait until we
- get one, even if it takes multiple pids exiting. */
- for (waited_for = 0;;)
- {
- /* Make sure there is a background job to wait for */
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
- for (i = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- if (jobs[i] && RUNNING (i) && IS_FOREGROUND (i) == 0)
- break;
- if (i == js.j_jobslots)
- {
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- return -1;
- }
-
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-
- QUIT;
- CHECK_TERMSIG;
- CHECK_WAIT_INTR;
-
- errno = 0;
- r = wait_for (ANY_PID); /* special sentinel value for wait_for */
- if (r == -1 && errno == ECHILD)
- mark_all_jobs_as_dead ();
-
- /* Now we see if we have any dead jobs and return the first one */
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
- for (i = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- if (jobs[i] && DEADJOB (i))
- goto return_job;
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- }
-
- return -1;
-}
-
-/* Print info about dead jobs, and then delete them from the list
- of known jobs. This does not actually delete jobs when the
- shell is not interactive, because the dead jobs are not marked
- as notified. */
-void
-notify_and_cleanup ()
-{
- if (jobs_list_frozen)
- return;
-
- if (interactive || interactive_shell == 0 || sourcelevel)
- notify_of_job_status ();
-
- cleanup_dead_jobs ();
-}
-
-/* Make dead jobs disappear from the jobs array without notification.
- This is used when the shell is not interactive. */
-void
-reap_dead_jobs ()
-{
- mark_dead_jobs_as_notified (0);
- cleanup_dead_jobs ();
-}
-
-/* Return the next closest (chronologically) job to JOB which is in
- STATE. STATE can be JSTOPPED, JRUNNING. NO_JOB is returned if
- there is no next recent job. */
-static int
-most_recent_job_in_state (job, state)
- int job;
- JOB_STATE state;
-{
- register int i, result;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
-
- for (result = NO_JOB, i = job - 1; i >= 0; i--)
- {
- if (jobs[i] && (JOBSTATE (i) == state))
- {
- result = i;
- break;
- }
- }
-
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-
- return (result);
-}
-
-/* Return the newest *stopped* job older than JOB, or NO_JOB if not
- found. */
-static int
-job_last_stopped (job)
- int job;
-{
- return (most_recent_job_in_state (job, JSTOPPED));
-}
-
-/* Return the newest *running* job older than JOB, or NO_JOB if not
- found. */
-static int
-job_last_running (job)
- int job;
-{
- return (most_recent_job_in_state (job, JRUNNING));
-}
-
-/* Make JOB be the current job, and make previous be useful. Must be
- called with SIGCHLD blocked. */
-static void
-set_current_job (job)
- int job;
-{
- int candidate;
-
- if (js.j_current != job)
- {
- js.j_previous = js.j_current;
- js.j_current = job;
- }
-
- /* First choice for previous job is the old current job. */
- if (js.j_previous != js.j_current &&
- js.j_previous != NO_JOB &&
- jobs[js.j_previous] &&
- STOPPED (js.j_previous))
- return;
-
- /* Second choice: Newest stopped job that is older than
- the current job. */
- candidate = NO_JOB;
- if (STOPPED (js.j_current))
- {
- candidate = job_last_stopped (js.j_current);
-
- if (candidate != NO_JOB)
- {
- js.j_previous = candidate;
- return;
- }
- }
-
- /* If we get here, there is either only one stopped job, in which case it is
- the current job and the previous job should be set to the newest running
- job, or there are only running jobs and the previous job should be set to
- the newest running job older than the current job. We decide on which
- alternative to use based on whether or not JOBSTATE(js.j_current) is
- JSTOPPED. */
-
- candidate = RUNNING (js.j_current) ? job_last_running (js.j_current)
- : job_last_running (js.j_jobslots);
-
- if (candidate != NO_JOB)
- {
- js.j_previous = candidate;
- return;
- }
-
- /* There is only a single job, and it is both `+' and `-'. */
- js.j_previous = js.j_current;
-}
-
-/* Make current_job be something useful, if it isn't already. */
-
-/* Here's the deal: The newest non-running job should be `+', and the
- next-newest non-running job should be `-'. If there is only a single
- stopped job, the js.j_previous is the newest non-running job. If there
- are only running jobs, the newest running job is `+' and the
- next-newest running job is `-'. Must be called with SIGCHLD blocked. */
-
-static void
-reset_current ()
-{
- int candidate;
-
- if (js.j_jobslots && js.j_current != NO_JOB && jobs[js.j_current] && STOPPED (js.j_current))
- candidate = js.j_current;
- else
- {
- candidate = NO_JOB;
-
- /* First choice: the previous job. */
- if (js.j_previous != NO_JOB && jobs[js.j_previous] && STOPPED (js.j_previous))
- candidate = js.j_previous;
-
- /* Second choice: the most recently stopped job. */
- if (candidate == NO_JOB)
- candidate = job_last_stopped (js.j_jobslots);
-
- /* Third choice: the newest running job. */
- if (candidate == NO_JOB)
- candidate = job_last_running (js.j_jobslots);
- }
-
- /* If we found a job to use, then use it. Otherwise, there
- are no jobs period. */
- if (candidate != NO_JOB)
- set_current_job (candidate);
- else
- js.j_current = js.j_previous = NO_JOB;
-}
-
-/* Set up the job structures so we know the job and its processes are
- all running. */
-static void
-set_job_running (job)
- int job;
-{
- register PROCESS *p;
-
- /* Each member of the pipeline is now running. */
- p = jobs[job]->pipe;
-
- do
- {
- if (WIFSTOPPED (p->status))
- p->running = PS_RUNNING; /* XXX - could be PS_STOPPED */
- p = p->next;
- }
- while (p != jobs[job]->pipe);
-
- /* This means that the job is running. */
- JOBSTATE (job) = JRUNNING;
-}
-
-/* Start a job. FOREGROUND if non-zero says to do that. Otherwise,
- start the job in the background. JOB is a zero-based index into
- JOBS. Returns -1 if it is unable to start a job, and the return
- status of the job otherwise. */
-int
-start_job (job, foreground)
- int job, foreground;
-{
- register PROCESS *p;
- int already_running;
- sigset_t set, oset;
- char *wd, *s;
- static TTYSTRUCT save_stty;
-
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
-
- if (DEADJOB (job))
- {
- internal_error (_("%s: job has terminated"), this_command_name);
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- return (-1);
- }
-
- already_running = RUNNING (job);
-
- if (foreground == 0 && already_running)
- {
- internal_error (_("%s: job %d already in background"), this_command_name, job + 1);
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- return (0); /* XPG6/SUSv3 says this is not an error */
- }
-
- wd = current_working_directory ();
-
- /* You don't know about the state of this job. Do you? */
- jobs[job]->flags &= ~J_NOTIFIED;
-
- if (foreground)
- {
- set_current_job (job);
- jobs[job]->flags |= J_FOREGROUND;
- }
-
- /* Tell the outside world what we're doing. */
- p = jobs[job]->pipe;
-
- if (foreground == 0)
- {
- /* POSIX.2 says `bg' doesn't give any indication about current or
- previous job. */
- if (posixly_correct == 0)
- s = (job == js.j_current) ? "+ ": ((job == js.j_previous) ? "- " : " ");
- else
- s = " ";
- printf ("[%d]%s", job + 1, s);
- }
-
- do
- {
- printf ("%s%s",
- p->command ? p->command : "",
- p->next != jobs[job]->pipe? " | " : "");
- p = p->next;
- }
- while (p != jobs[job]->pipe);
-
- if (foreground == 0)
- printf (" &");
-
- if (strcmp (wd, jobs[job]->wd) != 0)
- printf (" (wd: %s)", polite_directory_format (jobs[job]->wd));
-
- printf ("\n");
-
- /* Run the job. */
- if (already_running == 0)
- set_job_running (job);
-
- /* Save the tty settings before we start the job in the foreground. */
- if (foreground)
- {
- get_tty_state ();
- save_stty = shell_tty_info;
- /* Give the terminal to this job. */
- if (IS_JOBCONTROL (job))
- give_terminal_to (jobs[job]->pgrp, 0);
- }
- else
- jobs[job]->flags &= ~J_FOREGROUND;
-
- /* If the job is already running, then don't bother jump-starting it. */
- if (already_running == 0)
- {
- jobs[job]->flags |= J_NOTIFIED;
- killpg (jobs[job]->pgrp, SIGCONT);
- }
-
- if (foreground)
- {
- pid_t pid;
- int st;
-
- pid = find_last_pid (job, 0);
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- st = wait_for (pid);
- shell_tty_info = save_stty;
- set_tty_state ();
- return (st);
- }
- else
- {
- reset_current ();
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- return (0);
- }
-}
-
-/* Give PID SIGNAL. This determines what job the pid belongs to (if any).
- If PID does belong to a job, and the job is stopped, then CONTinue the
- job after giving it SIGNAL. Returns -1 on failure. If GROUP is non-null,
- then kill the process group associated with PID. */
-int
-kill_pid (pid, sig, group)
- pid_t pid;
- int sig, group;
-{
- register PROCESS *p;
- int job, result, negative;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- if (pid < -1)
- {
- pid = -pid;
- group = negative = 1;
- }
- else
- negative = 0;
-
- result = EXECUTION_SUCCESS;
- if (group)
- {
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
- p = find_pipeline (pid, 0, &job);
-
- if (job != NO_JOB)
- {
- jobs[job]->flags &= ~J_NOTIFIED;
-
- /* Kill process in backquotes or one started without job control? */
-
- /* If we're passed a pid < -1, just call killpg and see what happens */
- if (negative && jobs[job]->pgrp == shell_pgrp)
- result = killpg (pid, sig);
- /* If we're killing using job control notification, for example,
- without job control active, we have to do things ourselves. */
- else if (jobs[job]->pgrp == shell_pgrp)
- {
- p = jobs[job]->pipe;
- do
- {
- if (PALIVE (p) == 0)
- continue; /* avoid pid recycling problem */
- kill (p->pid, sig);
- if (PEXITED (p) && (sig == SIGTERM || sig == SIGHUP))
- kill (p->pid, SIGCONT);
- p = p->next;
- }
- while (p != jobs[job]->pipe);
- }
- else
- {
- result = killpg (jobs[job]->pgrp, sig);
- if (p && STOPPED (job) && (sig == SIGTERM || sig == SIGHUP))
- killpg (jobs[job]->pgrp, SIGCONT);
- /* If we're continuing a stopped job via kill rather than bg or
- fg, emulate the `bg' behavior. */
- if (p && STOPPED (job) && (sig == SIGCONT))
- {
- set_job_running (job);
- jobs[job]->flags &= ~J_FOREGROUND;
- jobs[job]->flags |= J_NOTIFIED;
- }
- }
- }
- else
- result = killpg (pid, sig);
-
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- }
- else
- result = kill (pid, sig);
-
- return (result);
-}
-
-/* sigchld_handler () flushes at least one of the children that we are
- waiting for. It gets run when we have gotten a SIGCHLD signal. */
-static sighandler
-sigchld_handler (sig)
- int sig;
-{
- int n, oerrno;
-
- oerrno = errno;
- REINSTALL_SIGCHLD_HANDLER;
- sigchld++;
- n = 0;
- if (queue_sigchld == 0)
- n = waitchld (-1, 0);
- errno = oerrno;
- SIGRETURN (n);
-}
-
-/* waitchld() reaps dead or stopped children. It's called by wait_for and
- sigchld_handler, and runs until there aren't any children terminating any
- more.
- If BLOCK is 1, this is to be a blocking wait for a single child, although
- an arriving SIGCHLD could cause the wait to be non-blocking. It returns
- the number of children reaped, or -1 if there are no unwaited-for child
- processes. */
-static int
-waitchld (wpid, block)
- pid_t wpid;
- int block;
-{
- WAIT status;
- PROCESS *child;
- pid_t pid;
-
- int call_set_current, last_stopped_job, job, children_exited, waitpid_flags;
- static int wcontinued = WCONTINUED; /* run-time fix for glibc problem */
-
- call_set_current = children_exited = 0;
- last_stopped_job = NO_JOB;
-
- do
- {
- /* We don't want to be notified about jobs stopping if job control
- is not active. XXX - was interactive_shell instead of job_control */
- waitpid_flags = (job_control && subshell_environment == 0)
- ? (WUNTRACED|wcontinued)
- : 0;
- if (sigchld || block == 0)
- waitpid_flags |= WNOHANG;
-
- /* Check for terminating signals and exit the shell if we receive one */
- CHECK_TERMSIG;
- /* Check for a trapped signal interrupting the wait builtin and jump out */
- CHECK_WAIT_INTR;
-
- if (block == 1 && queue_sigchld == 0 && (waitpid_flags & WNOHANG) == 0)
- {
- internal_warning (_("waitchld: turning on WNOHANG to avoid indefinite block"));
- waitpid_flags |= WNOHANG;
- }
-
- pid = WAITPID (-1, &status, waitpid_flags);
-
-#if 0
-if (wpid != -1 && block)
- itrace("waitchld: blocking waitpid returns %d", pid);
-#endif
- /* WCONTINUED may be rejected by waitpid as invalid even when defined */
- if (wcontinued && pid < 0 && errno == EINVAL)
- {
- wcontinued = 0;
- continue; /* jump back to the test and retry without WCONTINUED */
- }
-
- /* The check for WNOHANG is to make sure we decrement sigchld only
- if it was non-zero before we called waitpid. */
- if (sigchld > 0 && (waitpid_flags & WNOHANG))
- sigchld--;
-
- /* If waitpid returns -1 with errno == ECHILD, there are no more
- unwaited-for child processes of this shell. */
- if (pid < 0 && errno == ECHILD)
- {
- if (children_exited == 0)
- return -1;
- else
- break;
- }
-
-#if 0
-itrace("waitchld: waitpid returns %d block = %d", pid, block);
-#endif
- /* If waitpid returns 0, there are running children. If it returns -1,
- the only other error POSIX says it can return is EINTR. */
- CHECK_TERMSIG;
- CHECK_WAIT_INTR;
-
- /* If waitpid returns -1/EINTR and the shell saw a SIGINT, then we
- assume the child has blocked or handled SIGINT. In that case, we
- require the child to actually die due to SIGINT to act on the
- SIGINT we received; otherwise we assume the child handled it and
- let it go. */
- if (pid < 0 && errno == EINTR && wait_sigint_received)
- child_caught_sigint = 1;
-
- if (pid <= 0)
- continue; /* jumps right to the test */
-
- /* If the child process did die due to SIGINT, forget our assumption
- that it caught or otherwise handled it. */
- if (WIFSIGNALED (status) && WTERMSIG (status) == SIGINT)
- child_caught_sigint = 0;
-
- /* children_exited is used to run traps on SIGCHLD. We don't want to
- run the trap if a process is just being continued. */
- if (WIFCONTINUED(status) == 0)
- {
- children_exited++;
- js.c_living--;
- }
-
- /* Locate our PROCESS for this pid. */
- child = find_process (pid, 1, &job); /* want living procs only */
-
-#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
- coproc_pidchk (pid, WSTATUS(status));
-#endif
-
- /* It is not an error to have a child terminate that we did
- not have a record of. This child could have been part of
- a pipeline in backquote substitution. Even so, I'm not
- sure child is ever non-zero. */
- if (child == 0)
- {
- if (WIFEXITED (status) || WIFSIGNALED (status))
- js.c_reaped++;
- continue;
- }
-
- /* Remember status, and whether or not the process is running. */
- child->status = status;
- child->running = WIFCONTINUED(status) ? PS_RUNNING : PS_DONE;
-
- if (PEXITED (child))
- {
- js.c_totreaped++;
- if (job != NO_JOB)
- js.c_reaped++;
- }
-
- if (job == NO_JOB)
- continue;
-
- call_set_current += set_job_status_and_cleanup (job);
-
- if (STOPPED (job))
- last_stopped_job = job;
- else if (DEADJOB (job) && last_stopped_job == job)
- last_stopped_job = NO_JOB;
- }
- while ((sigchld || block == 0) && pid > (pid_t)0);
-
- /* If a job was running and became stopped, then set the current
- job. Otherwise, don't change a thing. */
- if (call_set_current)
- {
- if (last_stopped_job != NO_JOB)
- set_current_job (last_stopped_job);
- else
- reset_current ();
- }
-
- /* Call a SIGCHLD trap handler for each child that exits, if one is set. */
- if (job_control && signal_is_trapped (SIGCHLD) && children_exited &&
- trap_list[SIGCHLD] != (char *)IGNORE_SIG)
- {
- if (posixly_correct && this_shell_builtin && this_shell_builtin == wait_builtin)
- {
- interrupt_immediately = 0;
- trap_handler (SIGCHLD); /* set pending_traps[SIGCHLD] */
- wait_signal_received = SIGCHLD;
- /* If we're in a signal handler, let CHECK_WAIT_INTR pick it up;
- run_pending_traps will call run_sigchld_trap later */
- if (sigchld == 0)
- longjmp (wait_intr_buf, 1);
- }
- /* If not in posix mode and not executing the wait builtin, queue the
- signal for later handling. Run the trap immediately if we are
- executing the wait builtin, but don't break out of `wait'. */
- else if (sigchld) /* called from signal handler */
- queue_sigchld_trap (children_exited);
- else if (running_trap)
- queue_sigchld_trap (children_exited);
- else if (this_shell_builtin == wait_builtin)
- run_sigchld_trap (children_exited); /* XXX */
- else
- queue_sigchld_trap (children_exited);
- }
-
- /* We have successfully recorded the useful information about this process
- that has just changed state. If we notify asynchronously, and the job
- that this process belongs to is no longer running, then notify the user
- of that fact now. */
- if (asynchronous_notification && interactive)
- notify_of_job_status ();
-
- return (children_exited);
-}
-
-/* Set the status of JOB and perform any necessary cleanup if the job is
- marked as JDEAD.
-
- Currently, the cleanup activity is restricted to handling any SIGINT
- received while waiting for a foreground job to finish. */
-static int
-set_job_status_and_cleanup (job)
- int job;
-{
- PROCESS *child;
- int tstatus, job_state, any_stopped, any_tstped, call_set_current;
- SigHandler *temp_handler;
-
- child = jobs[job]->pipe;
- jobs[job]->flags &= ~J_NOTIFIED;
-
- call_set_current = 0;
-
- /*
- * COMPUTE JOB STATUS
- */
-
- /* If all children are not running, but any of them is stopped, then
- the job is stopped, not dead. */
- job_state = any_stopped = any_tstped = 0;
- do
- {
- job_state |= PRUNNING (child);
-#if 0
- if (PEXITED (child) && (WIFSTOPPED (child->status)))
-#else
- /* Only checking for WIFSTOPPED now, not for PS_DONE */
- if (PSTOPPED (child))
-#endif
- {
- any_stopped = 1;
- any_tstped |= job_control && (WSTOPSIG (child->status) == SIGTSTP);
- }
- child = child->next;
- }
- while (child != jobs[job]->pipe);
-
- /* If job_state != 0, the job is still running, so don't bother with
- setting the process exit status and job state unless we're
- transitioning from stopped to running. */
- if (job_state != 0 && JOBSTATE(job) != JSTOPPED)
- return 0;
-
- /*
- * SET JOB STATUS
- */
-
- /* The job is either stopped or dead. Set the state of the job accordingly. */
- if (any_stopped)
- {
- jobs[job]->state = JSTOPPED;
- jobs[job]->flags &= ~J_FOREGROUND;
- call_set_current++;
- /* Suspending a job with SIGTSTP breaks all active loops. */
- if (any_tstped && loop_level)
- breaking = loop_level;
- }
- else if (job_state != 0) /* was stopped, now running */
- {
- jobs[job]->state = JRUNNING;
- call_set_current++;
- }
- else
- {
- jobs[job]->state = JDEAD;
- js.j_ndead++;
-
-#if 0
- if (IS_FOREGROUND (job))
- setjstatus (job);
-#endif
-
- /* If this job has a cleanup function associated with it, call it
- with `cleanarg' as the single argument, then set the function
- pointer to NULL so it is not inadvertently called twice. The
- cleanup function is responsible for deallocating cleanarg. */
- if (jobs[job]->j_cleanup)
- {
- (*jobs[job]->j_cleanup) (jobs[job]->cleanarg);
- jobs[job]->j_cleanup = (sh_vptrfunc_t *)NULL;
- }
- }
-
- /*
- * CLEANUP
- *
- * Currently, we just do special things if we got a SIGINT while waiting
- * for a foreground job to complete
- */
-
- if (JOBSTATE (job) == JDEAD)
- {
- /* If we're running a shell script and we get a SIGINT with a
- SIGINT trap handler, but the foreground job handles it and
- does not exit due to SIGINT, run the trap handler but do not
- otherwise act as if we got the interrupt. */
- if (wait_sigint_received && interactive_shell == 0 &&
- child_caught_sigint && IS_FOREGROUND (job) &&
- signal_is_trapped (SIGINT))
- {
- int old_frozen;
- wait_sigint_received = 0;
- last_command_exit_value = process_exit_status (child->status);
-
- old_frozen = jobs_list_frozen;
- jobs_list_frozen = 1;
- tstatus = maybe_call_trap_handler (SIGINT);
- jobs_list_frozen = old_frozen;
- }
-
- /* If the foreground job is killed by SIGINT when job control is not
- active, we need to perform some special handling.
-
- The check of wait_sigint_received is a way to determine if the
- SIGINT came from the keyboard (in which case the shell has already
- seen it, and wait_sigint_received is non-zero, because keyboard
- signals are sent to process groups) or via kill(2) to the foreground
- process by another process (or itself). If the shell did receive the
- SIGINT, it needs to perform normal SIGINT processing. */
- else if (wait_sigint_received &&
- child_caught_sigint == 0 &&
- IS_FOREGROUND (job) && IS_JOBCONTROL (job) == 0)
- {
- int old_frozen;
-
- wait_sigint_received = 0;
-
- /* If SIGINT is trapped, set the exit status so that the trap
- handler can see it. */
- if (signal_is_trapped (SIGINT))
- last_command_exit_value = process_exit_status (child->status);
-
- /* If the signal is trapped, let the trap handler get it no matter
- what and simply return if the trap handler returns.
- maybe_call_trap_handler() may cause dead jobs to be removed from
- the job table because of a call to execute_command. We work
- around this by setting JOBS_LIST_FROZEN. */
- old_frozen = jobs_list_frozen;
- jobs_list_frozen = 1;
- tstatus = maybe_call_trap_handler (SIGINT);
- jobs_list_frozen = old_frozen;
- if (tstatus == 0 && old_sigint_handler != INVALID_SIGNAL_HANDLER)
- {
- /* wait_sigint_handler () has already seen SIGINT and
- allowed the wait builtin to jump out. We need to
- call the original SIGINT handler, if necessary. If
- the original handler is SIG_DFL, we need to resend
- the signal to ourselves. */
-
- temp_handler = old_sigint_handler;
-
- /* Bogus. If we've reset the signal handler as the result
- of a trap caught on SIGINT, then old_sigint_handler
- will point to trap_handler, which now knows nothing about
- SIGINT (if we reset the sighandler to the default).
- In this case, we have to fix things up. What a crock. */
- if (temp_handler == trap_handler && signal_is_trapped (SIGINT) == 0)
- temp_handler = trap_to_sighandler (SIGINT);
- restore_sigint_handler ();
- if (temp_handler == SIG_DFL)
- termsig_handler (SIGINT); /* XXX */
- else if (temp_handler != SIG_IGN)
- (*temp_handler) (SIGINT);
- }
- }
- }
-
- return call_set_current;
-}
-
-/* Build the array of values for the $PIPESTATUS variable from the set of
- exit statuses of all processes in the job J. */
-static void
-setjstatus (j)
- int j;
-{
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- register int i;
- register PROCESS *p;
-
- for (i = 1, p = jobs[j]->pipe; p->next != jobs[j]->pipe; p = p->next, i++)
- ;
- i++;
- if (statsize < i)
- {
- pstatuses = (int *)xrealloc (pstatuses, i * sizeof (int));
- statsize = i;
- }
- i = 0;
- p = jobs[j]->pipe;
- do
- {
- pstatuses[i++] = process_exit_status (p->status);
- p = p->next;
- }
- while (p != jobs[j]->pipe);
-
- pstatuses[i] = -1; /* sentinel */
- set_pipestatus_array (pstatuses, i);
-#endif
-}
-
-void
-run_sigchld_trap (nchild)
- int nchild;
-{
- char *trap_command;
- int i;
-
- /* Turn off the trap list during the call to parse_and_execute ()
- to avoid potentially infinite recursive calls. Preserve the
- values of last_command_exit_value, last_made_pid, and the_pipeline
- around the execution of the trap commands. */
- trap_command = savestring (trap_list[SIGCHLD]);
-
- begin_unwind_frame ("SIGCHLD trap");
- unwind_protect_int (last_command_exit_value);
- unwind_protect_int (last_command_exit_signal);
- unwind_protect_var (last_made_pid);
- unwind_protect_int (interrupt_immediately);
- unwind_protect_int (jobs_list_frozen);
- unwind_protect_pointer (the_pipeline);
- unwind_protect_pointer (subst_assign_varlist);
-
- /* We have to add the commands this way because they will be run
- in reverse order of adding. We don't want maybe_set_sigchld_trap ()
- to reference freed memory. */
- add_unwind_protect (xfree, trap_command);
- add_unwind_protect (maybe_set_sigchld_trap, trap_command);
-
- subst_assign_varlist = (WORD_LIST *)NULL;
- the_pipeline = (PROCESS *)NULL;
-
- running_trap = SIGCHLD + 1;
-
- set_impossible_sigchld_trap ();
- jobs_list_frozen = 1;
- for (i = 0; i < nchild; i++)
- {
-#if 0
- interrupt_immediately = 1;
-#endif
- parse_and_execute (savestring (trap_command), "trap", SEVAL_NOHIST|SEVAL_RESETLINE);
- }
-
- run_unwind_frame ("SIGCHLD trap");
- running_trap = 0;
-}
-
-/* Function to call when you want to notify people of changes
- in job status. This prints out all jobs which are pending
- notification to stderr, and marks those printed as already
- notified, thus making them candidates for cleanup. */
-static void
-notify_of_job_status ()
-{
- register int job, termsig;
- char *dir;
- sigset_t set, oset;
- WAIT s;
-
- if (jobs == 0 || js.j_jobslots == 0)
- return;
-
- if (old_ttou != 0)
- {
- sigemptyset (&set);
- sigaddset (&set, SIGCHLD);
- sigaddset (&set, SIGTTOU);
- sigemptyset (&oset);
- sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, &set, &oset);
- }
- else
- queue_sigchld++;
-
- /* XXX could use js.j_firstj here */
- for (job = 0, dir = (char *)NULL; job < js.j_jobslots; job++)
- {
- if (jobs[job] && IS_NOTIFIED (job) == 0)
- {
- s = raw_job_exit_status (job);
- termsig = WTERMSIG (s);
-
- /* POSIX.2 says we have to hang onto the statuses of at most the
- last CHILD_MAX background processes if the shell is running a
- script. If the shell is running a script, either from a file
- or standard input, don't print anything unless the job was
- killed by a signal. */
- if (startup_state == 0 && WIFSIGNALED (s) == 0 &&
- ((DEADJOB (job) && IS_FOREGROUND (job) == 0) || STOPPED (job)))
- continue;
-
-#if 0
- /* If job control is disabled, don't print the status messages.
- Mark dead jobs as notified so that they get cleaned up. If
- startup_state == 2, we were started to run `-c command', so
- don't print anything. */
- if ((job_control == 0 && interactive_shell) || startup_state == 2)
-#else
- /* If job control is disabled, don't print the status messages.
- Mark dead jobs as notified so that they get cleaned up. If
- startup_state == 2 and subshell_environment has the
- SUBSHELL_COMSUB bit turned on, we were started to run a command
- substitution, so don't print anything. */
- if ((job_control == 0 && interactive_shell) ||
- (startup_state == 2 && (subshell_environment & SUBSHELL_COMSUB)))
-#endif
- {
- /* POSIX.2 compatibility: if the shell is not interactive,
- hang onto the job corresponding to the last asynchronous
- pid until the user has been notified of its status or does
- a `wait'. */
- if (DEADJOB (job) && (interactive_shell || (find_last_pid (job, 0) != last_asynchronous_pid)))
- jobs[job]->flags |= J_NOTIFIED;
- continue;
- }
-
- /* Print info on jobs that are running in the background,
- and on foreground jobs that were killed by anything
- except SIGINT (and possibly SIGPIPE). */
- switch (JOBSTATE (job))
- {
- case JDEAD:
- if (interactive_shell == 0 && termsig && WIFSIGNALED (s) &&
- termsig != SIGINT &&
-#if defined (DONT_REPORT_SIGTERM)
- termsig != SIGTERM &&
-#endif
-#if defined (DONT_REPORT_SIGPIPE)
- termsig != SIGPIPE &&
-#endif
- signal_is_trapped (termsig) == 0)
- {
- /* Don't print `0' for a line number. */
- fprintf (stderr, _("%s: line %d: "), get_name_for_error (), (line_number == 0) ? 1 : line_number);
- pretty_print_job (job, JLIST_NONINTERACTIVE, stderr);
- }
- else if (IS_FOREGROUND (job))
- {
-#if !defined (DONT_REPORT_SIGPIPE)
- if (termsig && WIFSIGNALED (s) && termsig != SIGINT)
-#else
- if (termsig && WIFSIGNALED (s) && termsig != SIGINT && termsig != SIGPIPE)
-#endif
- {
- fprintf (stderr, "%s", j_strsignal (termsig));
-
- if (WIFCORED (s))
- fprintf (stderr, _(" (core dumped)"));
-
- fprintf (stderr, "\n");
- }
- }
- else if (job_control) /* XXX job control test added */
- {
- if (dir == 0)
- dir = current_working_directory ();
- pretty_print_job (job, JLIST_STANDARD, stderr);
- if (dir && strcmp (dir, jobs[job]->wd) != 0)
- fprintf (stderr,
- _("(wd now: %s)\n"), polite_directory_format (dir));
- }
-
- jobs[job]->flags |= J_NOTIFIED;
- break;
-
- case JSTOPPED:
- fprintf (stderr, "\n");
- if (dir == 0)
- dir = current_working_directory ();
- pretty_print_job (job, JLIST_STANDARD, stderr);
- if (dir && (strcmp (dir, jobs[job]->wd) != 0))
- fprintf (stderr,
- _("(wd now: %s)\n"), polite_directory_format (dir));
- jobs[job]->flags |= J_NOTIFIED;
- break;
-
- case JRUNNING:
- case JMIXED:
- break;
-
- default:
- programming_error ("notify_of_job_status");
- }
- }
- }
- if (old_ttou != 0)
- sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &oset, (sigset_t *)NULL);
- else
- queue_sigchld--;
-}
-
-/* Initialize the job control mechanism, and set up the tty stuff. */
-int
-initialize_job_control (force)
- int force;
-{
- pid_t t;
- int t_errno;
-
- t_errno = -1;
- shell_pgrp = getpgid (0);
-
- if (shell_pgrp == -1)
- {
- sys_error (_("initialize_job_control: getpgrp failed"));
- exit (1);
- }
-
- /* We can only have job control if we are interactive unless we force it. */
- if (interactive == 0 && force == 0)
- {
- job_control = 0;
- original_pgrp = NO_PID;
- shell_tty = fileno (stderr);
- }
- else
- {
- shell_tty = -1;
-
- /* If forced_interactive is set, we skip the normal check that stderr
- is attached to a tty, so we need to check here. If it's not, we
- need to see whether we have a controlling tty by opening /dev/tty,
- since trying to use job control tty pgrp manipulations on a non-tty
- is going to fail. */
- if (forced_interactive && isatty (fileno (stderr)) == 0)
- shell_tty = open ("/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK);
-
- /* Get our controlling terminal. If job_control is set, or
- interactive is set, then this is an interactive shell no
- matter where fd 2 is directed. */
- if (shell_tty == -1)
- shell_tty = dup (fileno (stderr)); /* fd 2 */
-
- if (shell_tty != -1)
- shell_tty = move_to_high_fd (shell_tty, 1, -1);
-
- /* Compensate for a bug in systems that compiled the BSD
- rlogind with DEBUG defined, like NeXT and Alliant. */
- if (shell_pgrp == 0)
- {
- shell_pgrp = getpid ();
- setpgid (0, shell_pgrp);
- tcsetpgrp (shell_tty, shell_pgrp);
- }
-
- while ((terminal_pgrp = tcgetpgrp (shell_tty)) != -1)
- {
- if (shell_pgrp != terminal_pgrp)
- {
- SigHandler *ottin;
-
-itrace("initialize_job_control: shell_pgrp (%d) != terminal_pgrp (%d)", shell_pgrp, terminal_pgrp);
- ottin = set_signal_handler(SIGTTIN, SIG_DFL);
- kill (0, SIGTTIN);
- set_signal_handler (SIGTTIN, ottin);
- continue;
- }
- break;
- }
-
- if (terminal_pgrp == -1)
- t_errno = errno;
-
- /* Make sure that we are using the new line discipline. */
- if (set_new_line_discipline (shell_tty) < 0)
- {
- sys_error (_("initialize_job_control: line discipline"));
- job_control = 0;
- }
- else
- {
- original_pgrp = shell_pgrp;
- shell_pgrp = getpid ();
-
- if ((original_pgrp != shell_pgrp) && (setpgid (0, shell_pgrp) < 0))
- {
- sys_error (_("initialize_job_control: setpgid"));
- shell_pgrp = original_pgrp;
- }
-
- job_control = 1;
-
- /* If (and only if) we just set our process group to our pid,
- thereby becoming a process group leader, and the terminal
- is not in the same process group as our (new) process group,
- then set the terminal's process group to our (new) process
- group. If that fails, set our process group back to what it
- was originally (so we can still read from the terminal) and
- turn off job control. */
- if (shell_pgrp != original_pgrp && shell_pgrp != terminal_pgrp)
- {
- if (give_terminal_to (shell_pgrp, 0) < 0)
- {
- t_errno = errno;
- setpgid (0, original_pgrp);
- shell_pgrp = original_pgrp;
- errno = t_errno;
- sys_error (_("cannot set terminal process group (%d)"), shell_pgrp);
- job_control = 0;
- }
- }
-
- if (job_control && ((t = tcgetpgrp (shell_tty)) == -1 || t != shell_pgrp))
- {
- if (t_errno != -1)
- errno = t_errno;
- sys_error (_("cannot set terminal process group (%d)"), t);
- job_control = 0;
- }
- }
- if (job_control == 0)
- internal_error (_("no job control in this shell"));
- }
-
- if (shell_tty != fileno (stderr))
- SET_CLOSE_ON_EXEC (shell_tty);
-
- set_signal_handler (SIGCHLD, sigchld_handler);
-
- change_flag ('m', job_control ? '-' : '+');
-
- if (interactive)
- get_tty_state ();
-
- if (js.c_childmax < 0)
- js.c_childmax = getmaxchild ();
- if (js.c_childmax < 0)
- js.c_childmax = DEFAULT_CHILD_MAX;
-
- return job_control;
-}
-
-#ifdef DEBUG
-void
-debug_print_pgrps ()
-{
- itrace("original_pgrp = %ld shell_pgrp = %ld terminal_pgrp = %ld",
- (long)original_pgrp, (long)shell_pgrp, (long)terminal_pgrp);
- itrace("tcgetpgrp(%d) -> %ld, getpgid(0) -> %ld",
- shell_tty, (long)tcgetpgrp (shell_tty), (long)getpgid(0));
-}
-#endif
-
-/* Set the line discipline to the best this system has to offer.
- Return -1 if this is not possible. */
-static int
-set_new_line_discipline (tty)
- int tty;
-{
-#if defined (NEW_TTY_DRIVER)
- int ldisc;
-
- if (ioctl (tty, TIOCGETD, &ldisc) < 0)
- return (-1);
-
- if (ldisc != NTTYDISC)
- {
- ldisc = NTTYDISC;
-
- if (ioctl (tty, TIOCSETD, &ldisc) < 0)
- return (-1);
- }
- return (0);
-#endif /* NEW_TTY_DRIVER */
-
-#if defined (TERMIO_TTY_DRIVER)
-# if defined (TERMIO_LDISC) && (NTTYDISC)
- if (ioctl (tty, TCGETA, &shell_tty_info) < 0)
- return (-1);
-
- if (shell_tty_info.c_line != NTTYDISC)
- {
- shell_tty_info.c_line = NTTYDISC;
- if (ioctl (tty, TCSETAW, &shell_tty_info) < 0)
- return (-1);
- }
-# endif /* TERMIO_LDISC && NTTYDISC */
- return (0);
-#endif /* TERMIO_TTY_DRIVER */
-
-#if defined (TERMIOS_TTY_DRIVER)
-# if defined (TERMIOS_LDISC) && defined (NTTYDISC)
- if (tcgetattr (tty, &shell_tty_info) < 0)
- return (-1);
-
- if (shell_tty_info.c_line != NTTYDISC)
- {
- shell_tty_info.c_line = NTTYDISC;
- if (tcsetattr (tty, TCSADRAIN, &shell_tty_info) < 0)
- return (-1);
- }
-# endif /* TERMIOS_LDISC && NTTYDISC */
- return (0);
-#endif /* TERMIOS_TTY_DRIVER */
-
-#if !defined (NEW_TTY_DRIVER) && !defined (TERMIO_TTY_DRIVER) && !defined (TERMIOS_TTY_DRIVER)
- return (-1);
-#endif
-}
-
-/* Setup this shell to handle C-C, etc. */
-void
-initialize_job_signals ()
-{
- if (interactive)
- {
- set_signal_handler (SIGINT, sigint_sighandler);
- set_signal_handler (SIGTSTP, SIG_IGN);
- set_signal_handler (SIGTTOU, SIG_IGN);
- set_signal_handler (SIGTTIN, SIG_IGN);
- }
- else if (job_control)
- {
- old_tstp = set_signal_handler (SIGTSTP, sigstop_sighandler);
- old_ttin = set_signal_handler (SIGTTIN, sigstop_sighandler);
- old_ttou = set_signal_handler (SIGTTOU, sigstop_sighandler);
- }
- /* Leave these things alone for non-interactive shells without job
- control. */
-}
-
-/* Here we handle CONT signals. */
-static sighandler
-sigcont_sighandler (sig)
- int sig;
-{
- initialize_job_signals ();
- set_signal_handler (SIGCONT, old_cont);
- kill (getpid (), SIGCONT);
-
- SIGRETURN (0);
-}
-
-/* Here we handle stop signals while we are running not as a login shell. */
-static sighandler
-sigstop_sighandler (sig)
- int sig;
-{
- set_signal_handler (SIGTSTP, old_tstp);
- set_signal_handler (SIGTTOU, old_ttou);
- set_signal_handler (SIGTTIN, old_ttin);
-
- old_cont = set_signal_handler (SIGCONT, sigcont_sighandler);
-
- give_terminal_to (shell_pgrp, 0);
-
- kill (getpid (), sig);
-
- SIGRETURN (0);
-}
-
-/* Give the terminal to PGRP. */
-int
-give_terminal_to (pgrp, force)
- pid_t pgrp;
- int force;
-{
- sigset_t set, oset;
- int r, e;
-
- r = 0;
- if (job_control || force)
- {
- sigemptyset (&set);
- sigaddset (&set, SIGTTOU);
- sigaddset (&set, SIGTTIN);
- sigaddset (&set, SIGTSTP);
- sigaddset (&set, SIGCHLD);
- sigemptyset (&oset);
- sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, &set, &oset);
-
- if (tcsetpgrp (shell_tty, pgrp) < 0)
- {
- /* Maybe we should print an error message? */
-#if 0
- sys_error ("tcsetpgrp(%d) failed: pid %ld to pgrp %ld",
- shell_tty, (long)getpid(), (long)pgrp);
-#endif
- r = -1;
- e = errno;
- }
- else
- terminal_pgrp = pgrp;
- sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &oset, (sigset_t *)NULL);
- }
-
- if (r == -1)
- errno = e;
-
- return r;
-}
-
-/* Give terminal to NPGRP iff it's currently owned by OPGRP. FLAGS are the
- flags to pass to give_terminal_to(). */
-static int
-maybe_give_terminal_to (opgrp, npgrp, flags)
- pid_t opgrp, npgrp;
- int flags;
-{
- int tpgrp;
-
- tpgrp = tcgetpgrp (shell_tty);
- if (tpgrp < 0 && errno == ENOTTY)
- return -1;
- if (tpgrp == npgrp)
- {
- terminal_pgrp = npgrp;
- return 0;
- }
- else if (tpgrp != opgrp)
- {
-#if defined (DEBUG)
- internal_warning ("maybe_give_terminal_to: terminal pgrp == %d shell pgrp = %d new pgrp = %d", tpgrp, opgrp, npgrp);
-#endif
- return -1;
- }
- else
- return (give_terminal_to (npgrp, flags));
-}
-
-/* Clear out any jobs in the job array. This is intended to be used by
- children of the shell, who should not have any job structures as baggage
- when they start executing (forking subshells for parenthesized execution
- and functions with pipes are the two that spring to mind). If RUNNING_ONLY
- is nonzero, only running jobs are removed from the table. */
-void
-delete_all_jobs (running_only)
- int running_only;
-{
- register int i;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
-
- /* XXX - need to set j_lastj, j_firstj appropriately if running_only != 0. */
- if (js.j_jobslots)
- {
- js.j_current = js.j_previous = NO_JOB;
-
- /* XXX could use js.j_firstj here */
- for (i = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- {
-#if defined (DEBUG)
- if (i < js.j_firstj && jobs[i])
- itrace("delete_all_jobs: job %d non-null before js.j_firstj (%d)", i, js.j_firstj);
- if (i > js.j_lastj && jobs[i])
- itrace("delete_all_jobs: job %d non-null after js.j_lastj (%d)", i, js.j_lastj);
-#endif
- if (jobs[i] && (running_only == 0 || (running_only && RUNNING(i))))
- delete_job (i, DEL_WARNSTOPPED);
- }
- if (running_only == 0)
- {
- free ((char *)jobs);
- js.j_jobslots = 0;
- js.j_firstj = js.j_lastj = js.j_njobs = 0;
- }
- }
-
- if (running_only == 0)
- bgp_clear ();
-
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-}
-
-/* Mark all jobs in the job array so that they don't get a SIGHUP when the
- shell gets one. If RUNNING_ONLY is nonzero, mark only running jobs. */
-void
-nohup_all_jobs (running_only)
- int running_only;
-{
- register int i;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
-
- if (js.j_jobslots)
- {
- /* XXX could use js.j_firstj here */
- for (i = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- if (jobs[i] && (running_only == 0 || (running_only && RUNNING(i))))
- nohup_job (i);
- }
-
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-}
-
-int
-count_all_jobs ()
-{
- int i, n;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- /* This really counts all non-dead jobs. */
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
- /* XXX could use js.j_firstj here */
- for (i = n = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- {
-#if defined (DEBUG)
- if (i < js.j_firstj && jobs[i])
- itrace("count_all_jobs: job %d non-null before js.j_firstj (%d)", i, js.j_firstj);
- if (i > js.j_lastj && jobs[i])
- itrace("count_all_jobs: job %d non-null after js.j_lastj (%d)", i, js.j_lastj);
-#endif
- if (jobs[i] && DEADJOB(i) == 0)
- n++;
- }
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- return n;
-}
-
-static void
-mark_all_jobs_as_dead ()
-{
- register int i;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- if (js.j_jobslots == 0)
- return;
-
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
-
- /* XXX could use js.j_firstj here */
- for (i = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- if (jobs[i])
- {
- jobs[i]->state = JDEAD;
- js.j_ndead++;
- }
-
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-}
-
-/* Mark all dead jobs as notified, so delete_job () cleans them out
- of the job table properly. POSIX.2 says we need to save the
- status of the last CHILD_MAX jobs, so we count the number of dead
- jobs and mark only enough as notified to save CHILD_MAX statuses. */
-static void
-mark_dead_jobs_as_notified (force)
- int force;
-{
- register int i, ndead, ndeadproc;
- sigset_t set, oset;
-
- if (js.j_jobslots == 0)
- return;
-
- BLOCK_CHILD (set, oset);
-
- /* If FORCE is non-zero, we don't have to keep CHILD_MAX statuses
- around; just run through the array. */
- if (force)
- {
- /* XXX could use js.j_firstj here */
- for (i = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- {
- if (jobs[i] && DEADJOB (i) && (interactive_shell || (find_last_pid (i, 0) != last_asynchronous_pid)))
- jobs[i]->flags |= J_NOTIFIED;
- }
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- return;
- }
-
- /* Mark enough dead jobs as notified to keep CHILD_MAX processes left in the
- array with the corresponding not marked as notified. This is a better
- way to avoid pid aliasing and reuse problems than keeping the POSIX-
- mandated CHILD_MAX jobs around. delete_job() takes care of keeping the
- bgpids list regulated. */
-
- /* Count the number of dead jobs */
- /* XXX could use js.j_firstj here */
- for (i = ndead = ndeadproc = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- {
-#if defined (DEBUG)
- if (i < js.j_firstj && jobs[i])
- itrace("mark_dead_jobs_as_notified: job %d non-null before js.j_firstj (%d)", i, js.j_firstj);
- if (i > js.j_lastj && jobs[i])
- itrace("mark_dead_jobs_as_notified: job %d non-null after js.j_lastj (%d)", i, js.j_lastj);
-#endif
- if (jobs[i] && DEADJOB (i))
- {
- ndead++;
- ndeadproc += processes_in_job (i);
- }
- }
-
-#ifdef DEBUG
-# if 0
- if (ndeadproc != js.c_reaped)
- itrace("mark_dead_jobs_as_notified: ndeadproc (%d) != js.c_reaped (%d)", ndeadproc, js.c_reaped);
-# endif
- if (ndead != js.j_ndead)
- itrace("mark_dead_jobs_as_notified: ndead (%d) != js.j_ndead (%d)", ndead, js.j_ndead);
-#endif
-
- if (js.c_childmax < 0)
- js.c_childmax = getmaxchild ();
- if (js.c_childmax < 0)
- js.c_childmax = DEFAULT_CHILD_MAX;
-
- /* Don't do anything if the number of dead processes is less than CHILD_MAX
- and we're not forcing a cleanup. */
- if (ndeadproc <= js.c_childmax)
- {
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
- return;
- }
-
-#if 0
-itrace("mark_dead_jobs_as_notified: child_max = %d ndead = %d ndeadproc = %d", js.c_childmax, ndead, ndeadproc);
-#endif
-
- /* Mark enough dead jobs as notified that we keep CHILD_MAX jobs in
- the list. This isn't exactly right yet; changes need to be made
- to stop_pipeline so we don't mark the newer jobs after we've
- created CHILD_MAX slots in the jobs array. This needs to be
- integrated with a way to keep the jobs array from growing without
- bound. Maybe we wrap back around to 0 after we reach some max
- limit, and there are sufficient job slots free (keep track of total
- size of jobs array (js.j_jobslots) and running count of number of jobs
- in jobs array. Then keep a job index corresponding to the `oldest job'
- and start this loop there, wrapping around as necessary. In effect,
- we turn the list into a circular buffer. */
- /* XXX could use js.j_firstj here */
- for (i = 0; i < js.j_jobslots; i++)
- {
- if (jobs[i] && DEADJOB (i) && (interactive_shell || (find_last_pid (i, 0) != last_asynchronous_pid)))
- {
-#if defined (DEBUG)
- if (i < js.j_firstj && jobs[i])
- itrace("mark_dead_jobs_as_notified: job %d non-null before js.j_firstj (%d)", i, js.j_firstj);
- if (i > js.j_lastj && jobs[i])
- itrace("mark_dead_jobs_as_notified: job %d non-null after js.j_lastj (%d)", i, js.j_lastj);
-#endif
- /* If marking this job as notified would drop us down below
- child_max, don't mark it so we can keep at least child_max
- statuses. XXX -- need to check what Posix actually says
- about keeping statuses. */
- if ((ndeadproc -= processes_in_job (i)) <= js.c_childmax)
- break;
- jobs[i]->flags |= J_NOTIFIED;
- }
- }
-
- UNBLOCK_CHILD (oset);
-}
-
-/* Here to allow other parts of the shell (like the trap stuff) to
- freeze and unfreeze the jobs list. */
-void
-freeze_jobs_list ()
-{
- jobs_list_frozen = 1;
-}
-
-void
-unfreeze_jobs_list ()
-{
- jobs_list_frozen = 0;
-}
-
-/* Allow or disallow job control to take place. Returns the old value
- of job_control. */
-int
-set_job_control (arg)
- int arg;
-{
- int old;
-
- old = job_control;
- job_control = arg;
-
- /* If we're turning on job control, reset pipeline_pgrp so make_child will
- put new child processes into the right pgrp */
- if (job_control != old && job_control)
- pipeline_pgrp = 0;
-
- return (old);
-}
-
-/* Turn off all traces of job control. This is run by children of the shell
- which are going to do shellsy things, like wait (), etc. */
-void
-without_job_control ()
-{
- stop_making_children ();
- start_pipeline ();
-#if defined (PGRP_PIPE)
- sh_closepipe (pgrp_pipe);
-#endif
- delete_all_jobs (0);
- set_job_control (0);
-}
-
-/* If this shell is interactive, terminate all stopped jobs and
- restore the original terminal process group. This is done
- before the `exec' builtin calls shell_execve. */
-void
-end_job_control ()
-{
- if (interactive_shell || job_control) /* XXX - should it be just job_control? */
- {
- terminate_stopped_jobs ();
-
- if (original_pgrp >= 0)
- give_terminal_to (original_pgrp, 1);
- }
-
- if (original_pgrp >= 0)
- setpgid (0, original_pgrp);
-}
-
-/* Restart job control by closing shell tty and reinitializing. This is
- called after an exec fails in an interactive shell and we do not exit. */
-void
-restart_job_control ()
-{
- if (shell_tty != -1)
- close (shell_tty);
- initialize_job_control (0);
-}
-
-void
-set_maxchild (nchild)
- int nchild;
-{
- static int lmaxchild = -1;
-
- if (lmaxchild < 0)
- lmaxchild = getmaxchild ();
- if (lmaxchild < 0)
- lmaxchild = DEFAULT_CHILD_MAX;
-
- /* Clamp value we set. Minimum is what Posix requires, maximum is defined
- above as MAX_CHILD_MAX. */
- if (nchild < lmaxchild)
- nchild = lmaxchild;
- else if (nchild > MAX_CHILD_MAX)
- nchild = MAX_CHILD_MAX;
-
- js.c_childmax = nchild;
-}
-
-/* Set the handler to run when the shell receives a SIGCHLD signal. */
-void
-set_sigchld_handler ()
-{
- set_signal_handler (SIGCHLD, sigchld_handler);
-}
-
-#if defined (PGRP_PIPE)
-/* Read from the read end of a pipe. This is how the process group leader
- blocks until all of the processes in a pipeline have been made. */
-static void
-pipe_read (pp)
- int *pp;
-{
- char ch;
-
- if (pp[1] >= 0)
- {
- close (pp[1]);
- pp[1] = -1;
- }
-
- if (pp[0] >= 0)
- {
- while (read (pp[0], &ch, 1) == -1 && errno == EINTR)
- ;
- }
-}
-
-/* Functional interface closes our local-to-job-control pipes. */
-void
-close_pgrp_pipe ()
-{
- sh_closepipe (pgrp_pipe);
-}
-
-void
-save_pgrp_pipe (p, clear)
- int *p;
- int clear;
-{
- p[0] = pgrp_pipe[0];
- p[1] = pgrp_pipe[1];
- if (clear)
- pgrp_pipe[0] = pgrp_pipe[1] = -1;
-}
-
-void
-restore_pgrp_pipe (p)
- int *p;
-{
- pgrp_pipe[0] = p[0];
- pgrp_pipe[1] = p[1];
-}
-
-#endif /* PGRP_PIPE */
+++ /dev/null
-# This makefile for Readline library documentation is in -*- text -*- mode.
-# Emacs likes it that way.
-RM = rm -f
-
-MAKEINFO = makeinfo
-TEXI2DVI = texi2dvi
-TEXI2HTML = texi2html
-QUIETPS = #set this to -q to shut up dvips
-DVIPS = dvips -D 300 $(QUIETPS) -o $@ # tricky
-
-INSTALL_DATA = cp
-infodir = /usr/local/info
-
-RLSRC = rlman.texinfo rluser.texinfo rltech.texinfo
-HISTSRC = hist.texinfo hsuser.texinfo hstech.texinfo
-
-DVIOBJ = readline.dvi history.dvi
-INFOOBJ = readline.info history.info
-PSOBJ = readline.ps history.ps
-HTMLOBJ = readline.html history.html
-
-all: info dvi html ps
-nodvi: info html
-
-readline.dvi: $(RLSRC)
- $(TEXI2DVI) rlman.texinfo
- mv rlman.dvi readline.dvi
-
-readline.info: $(RLSRC)
- $(MAKEINFO) --no-split -o $@ rlman.texinfo
-
-history.dvi: ${HISTSRC}
- $(TEXI2DVI) hist.texinfo
- mv hist.dvi history.dvi
-
-history.info: ${HISTSRC}
- $(MAKEINFO) --no-split -o $@ hist.texinfo
-
-readline.ps: readline.dvi
- $(RM) $@
- $(DVIPS) readline.dvi
-
-history.ps: history.dvi
- $(RM) $@
- $(DVIPS) history.dvi
-
-readline.html: ${RLSRC}
- $(TEXI2HTML) rlman.texinfo
- sed -e 's:rlman.html:readline.html:' -e 's:rlman_toc.html:readline_toc.html:' rlman.html > readline.html
- sed -e 's:rlman.html:readline.html:' -e 's:rlman_toc.html:readline_toc.html:' rlman_toc.html > readline_toc.html
- $(RM) rlman.html rlman_toc.html
-
-history.html: ${HISTSRC}
- $(TEXI2HTML) hist.texinfo
- sed -e 's:hist.html:history.html:' -e 's:hist_toc.html:history_toc.html:' hist.html > history.html
- sed -e 's:hist.html:history.html:' -e 's:hist_toc.html:history_toc.html:' hist_toc.html > history_toc.html
- $(RM) hist.html hist_toc.html
-
-info: $(INFOOBJ)
-dvi: $(DVIOBJ)
-ps: $(PSOBJ)
-html: $(HTMLOBJ)
-
-clean:
- $(RM) *.aux *.cp *.fn *.ky *.log *.pg *.toc *.tp *.vr *.cps *.pgs \
- *.fns *.kys *.tps *.vrs *.o core
-
-distclean: clean
-mostlyclean: clean
-
-maintainer-clean: clean
- $(RM) *.dvi *.info *.info-* *.ps *.html
-
-install: info
- ${INSTALL_DATA} readline.info $(infodir)/readline.info
- ${INSTALL_DATA} history.info $(infodir)/history.info
+++ /dev/null
-/* shell.c -- GNU's idea of the POSIX shell specification. */
-
-/* Copyright (C) 1987-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
- This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
-
- Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- (at your option) any later version.
-
- Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- GNU General Public License for more details.
-
- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-/*
- Birthdate:
- Sunday, January 10th, 1988.
- Initial author: Brian Fox
-*/
-#define INSTALL_DEBUG_MODE
-
-#include "config.h"
-
-#include "bashtypes.h"
-#if !defined (_MINIX) && defined (HAVE_SYS_FILE_H)
-# include <sys/file.h>
-#endif
-#include "posixstat.h"
-#include "posixtime.h"
-#include "bashansi.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <signal.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include "filecntl.h"
-#include <pwd.h>
-
-#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
-# include <unistd.h>
-#endif
-
-#include "bashintl.h"
-
-#define NEED_SH_SETLINEBUF_DECL /* used in externs.h */
-
-#include "shell.h"
-#include "flags.h"
-#include "trap.h"
-#include "mailcheck.h"
-#include "builtins.h"
-#include "builtins/common.h"
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
-#include "jobs.h"
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
-
-#include "input.h"
-#include "execute_cmd.h"
-#include "findcmd.h"
-
-#if defined (USING_BASH_MALLOC) && defined (DEBUG) && !defined (DISABLE_MALLOC_WRAPPERS)
-# include <malloc/shmalloc.h>
-#endif
-
-#if defined (HISTORY)
-# include "bashhist.h"
-# include <readline/history.h>
-#endif
-
-#if defined (READLINE)
-# include "bashline.h"
-#endif
-
-#include <tilde/tilde.h>
-#include <glob/strmatch.h>
-
-#if defined (__OPENNT)
-# include <opennt/opennt.h>
-#endif
-
-#if !defined (HAVE_GETPW_DECLS)
-extern struct passwd *getpwuid ();
-#endif /* !HAVE_GETPW_DECLS */
-
-#if !defined (errno)
-extern int errno;
-#endif
-
-#if defined (NO_MAIN_ENV_ARG)
-extern char **environ; /* used if no third argument to main() */
-#endif
-
-extern char *dist_version, *release_status;
-extern int patch_level, build_version;
-extern int shell_level;
-extern int subshell_environment;
-extern int last_command_exit_value;
-extern int line_number;
-extern int expand_aliases;
-extern int array_needs_making;
-extern int gnu_error_format;
-extern char *primary_prompt, *secondary_prompt;
-extern char *this_command_name;
-
-/* Non-zero means that this shell has already been run; i.e. you should
- call shell_reinitialize () if you need to start afresh. */
-int shell_initialized = 0;
-
-COMMAND *global_command = (COMMAND *)NULL;
-
-/* Information about the current user. */
-struct user_info current_user =
-{
- (uid_t)-1, (uid_t)-1, (gid_t)-1, (gid_t)-1,
- (char *)NULL, (char *)NULL, (char *)NULL
-};
-
-/* The current host's name. */
-char *current_host_name = (char *)NULL;
-
-/* Non-zero means that this shell is a login shell.
- Specifically:
- 0 = not login shell.
- 1 = login shell from getty (or equivalent fake out)
- -1 = login shell from "--login" (or -l) flag.
- -2 = both from getty, and from flag.
- */
-int login_shell = 0;
-
-/* Non-zero means that at this moment, the shell is interactive. In
- general, this means that the shell is at this moment reading input
- from the keyboard. */
-int interactive = 0;
-
-/* Non-zero means that the shell was started as an interactive shell. */
-int interactive_shell = 0;
-
-/* Non-zero means to send a SIGHUP to all jobs when an interactive login
- shell exits. */
-int hup_on_exit = 0;
-
-/* Non-zero means to list status of running and stopped jobs at shell exit */
-int check_jobs_at_exit = 0;
-
-/* Non-zero means to change to a directory name supplied as a command name */
-int autocd = 0;
-
-/* Tells what state the shell was in when it started:
- 0 = non-interactive shell script
- 1 = interactive
- 2 = -c command
- 3 = wordexp evaluation
- This is a superset of the information provided by interactive_shell.
-*/
-int startup_state = 0;
-
-/* Special debugging helper. */
-int debugging_login_shell = 0;
-
-/* The environment that the shell passes to other commands. */
-char **shell_environment;
-
-/* Non-zero when we are executing a top-level command. */
-int executing = 0;
-
-/* The number of commands executed so far. */
-int current_command_number = 1;
-
-/* Non-zero is the recursion depth for commands. */
-int indirection_level = 0;
-
-/* The name of this shell, as taken from argv[0]. */
-char *shell_name = (char *)NULL;
-
-/* time in seconds when the shell was started */
-time_t shell_start_time;
-
-/* Are we running in an emacs shell window? */
-int running_under_emacs;
-
-/* Do we have /dev/fd? */
-#ifdef HAVE_DEV_FD
-int have_devfd = HAVE_DEV_FD;
-#else
-int have_devfd = 0;
-#endif
-
-/* The name of the .(shell)rc file. */
-static char *bashrc_file = "~/.bashrc";
-
-/* Non-zero means to act more like the Bourne shell on startup. */
-static int act_like_sh;
-
-/* Non-zero if this shell is being run by `su'. */
-static int su_shell;
-
-/* Non-zero if we have already expanded and sourced $ENV. */
-static int sourced_env;
-
-/* Is this shell running setuid? */
-static int running_setuid;
-
-/* Values for the long-winded argument names. */
-static int debugging; /* Do debugging things. */
-static int no_rc; /* Don't execute ~/.bashrc */
-static int no_profile; /* Don't execute .profile */
-static int do_version; /* Display interesting version info. */
-static int make_login_shell; /* Make this shell be a `-bash' shell. */
-static int want_initial_help; /* --help option */
-
-int debugging_mode = 0; /* In debugging mode with --debugger */
-#if defined (READLINE)
-int no_line_editing = 0; /* non-zero -> don't do fancy line editing. */
-#else
-int no_line_editing = 1; /* can't have line editing without readline */
-#endif
-int dump_translatable_strings; /* Dump strings in $"...", don't execute. */
-int dump_po_strings; /* Dump strings in $"..." in po format */
-int wordexp_only = 0; /* Do word expansion only */
-int protected_mode = 0; /* No command substitution with --wordexp */
-
-#if defined (STRICT_POSIX)
-int posixly_correct = 1; /* Non-zero means posix.2 superset. */
-#else
-int posixly_correct = 0; /* Non-zero means posix.2 superset. */
-#endif
-
-/* Some long-winded argument names. These are obviously new. */
-#define Int 1
-#define Charp 2
-static const struct {
- const char *name;
- int type;
- int *int_value;
- char **char_value;
-} long_args[] = {
- { "debug", Int, &debugging, (char **)0x0 },
-#if defined (DEBUGGER)
- { "debugger", Int, &debugging_mode, (char **)0x0 },
-#endif
- { "dump-po-strings", Int, &dump_po_strings, (char **)0x0 },
- { "dump-strings", Int, &dump_translatable_strings, (char **)0x0 },
- { "help", Int, &want_initial_help, (char **)0x0 },
- { "init-file", Charp, (int *)0x0, &bashrc_file },
- { "login", Int, &make_login_shell, (char **)0x0 },
- { "noediting", Int, &no_line_editing, (char **)0x0 },
- { "noprofile", Int, &no_profile, (char **)0x0 },
- { "norc", Int, &no_rc, (char **)0x0 },
- { "posix", Int, &posixly_correct, (char **)0x0 },
-#if defined (WORDEXP_OPTION)
- { "protected", Int, &protected_mode, (char **)0x0 },
-#endif
- { "rcfile", Charp, (int *)0x0, &bashrc_file },
-#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
- { "restricted", Int, &restricted, (char **)0x0 },
-#endif
- { "verbose", Int, &echo_input_at_read, (char **)0x0 },
- { "version", Int, &do_version, (char **)0x0 },
-#if defined (WORDEXP_OPTION)
- { "wordexp", Int, &wordexp_only, (char **)0x0 },
-#endif
- { (char *)0x0, Int, (int *)0x0, (char **)0x0 }
-};
-
-/* These are extern so execute_simple_command can set them, and then
- longjmp back to main to execute a shell script, instead of calling
- main () again and resulting in indefinite, possibly fatal, stack
- growth. */
-procenv_t subshell_top_level;
-int subshell_argc;
-char **subshell_argv;
-char **subshell_envp;
-
-char *exec_argv0;
-
-#if defined (BUFFERED_INPUT)
-/* The file descriptor from which the shell is reading input. */
-int default_buffered_input = -1;
-#endif
-
-/* The following two variables are not static so they can show up in $-. */
-int read_from_stdin; /* -s flag supplied */
-int want_pending_command; /* -c flag supplied */
-
-/* This variable is not static so it can be bound to $BASH_EXECUTION_STRING */
-char *command_execution_string; /* argument to -c option */
-
-int malloc_trace_at_exit = 0;
-
-static int shell_reinitialized = 0;
-
-static FILE *default_input;
-
-static STRING_INT_ALIST *shopt_alist;
-static int shopt_ind = 0, shopt_len = 0;
-
-static int parse_long_options __P((char **, int, int));
-static int parse_shell_options __P((char **, int, int));
-static int bind_args __P((char **, int, int, int));
-
-static void start_debugger __P((void));
-
-static void add_shopt_to_alist __P((char *, int));
-static void run_shopt_alist __P((void));
-
-static void execute_env_file __P((char *));
-static void run_startup_files __P((void));
-static int open_shell_script __P((char *));
-static void set_bash_input __P((void));
-static int run_one_command __P((char *));
-#if defined (WORDEXP_OPTION)
-static int run_wordexp __P((char *));
-#endif
-
-static int uidget __P((void));
-
-static void init_interactive __P((void));
-static void init_noninteractive __P((void));
-static void init_interactive_script __P((void));
-
-static void set_shell_name __P((char *));
-static void shell_initialize __P((void));
-static void shell_reinitialize __P((void));
-
-static void show_shell_usage __P((FILE *, int));
-
-#ifdef __CYGWIN__
-static void
-_cygwin32_check_tmp ()
-{
- struct stat sb;
-
- if (stat ("/tmp", &sb) < 0)
- internal_warning (_("could not find /tmp, please create!"));
- else
- {
- if (S_ISDIR (sb.st_mode) == 0)
- internal_warning (_("/tmp must be a valid directory name"));
- }
-}
-#endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
-
-#if defined (NO_MAIN_ENV_ARG)
-/* systems without third argument to main() */
-int
-main (argc, argv)
- int argc;
- char **argv;
-#else /* !NO_MAIN_ENV_ARG */
-int
-main (argc, argv, env)
- int argc;
- char **argv, **env;
-#endif /* !NO_MAIN_ENV_ARG */
-{
- register int i;
- int code, old_errexit_flag;
-#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
- int saverst;
-#endif
- volatile int locally_skip_execution;
- volatile int arg_index, top_level_arg_index;
-#ifdef __OPENNT
- char **env;
-
- env = environ;
-#endif /* __OPENNT */
-
- USE_VAR(argc);
- USE_VAR(argv);
- USE_VAR(env);
- USE_VAR(code);
- USE_VAR(old_errexit_flag);
-#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
- USE_VAR(saverst);
-#endif
-
- /* Catch early SIGINTs. */
- code = setjmp_nosigs (top_level);
- if (code)
- exit (2);
-
- xtrace_init ();
-
-#if defined (USING_BASH_MALLOC) && defined (DEBUG) && !defined (DISABLE_MALLOC_WRAPPERS)
-# if 1
- malloc_set_register (1);
-# endif
-#endif
-
- check_dev_tty ();
-
-#ifdef __CYGWIN__
- _cygwin32_check_tmp ();
-#endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
-
- /* Wait forever if we are debugging a login shell. */
- while (debugging_login_shell) sleep (3);
-
- set_default_locale ();
-
- running_setuid = uidget ();
-
- if (getenv ("POSIXLY_CORRECT") || getenv ("POSIX_PEDANTIC"))
- posixly_correct = 1;
-
-#if defined (USE_GNU_MALLOC_LIBRARY)
- mcheck (programming_error, (void (*) ())0);
-#endif /* USE_GNU_MALLOC_LIBRARY */
-
- if (setjmp (subshell_top_level))
- {
- argc = subshell_argc;
- argv = subshell_argv;
- env = subshell_envp;
- sourced_env = 0;
- }
-
- shell_reinitialized = 0;
-
- /* Initialize `local' variables for all `invocations' of main (). */
- arg_index = 1;
- if (arg_index > argc)
- arg_index = argc;
- command_execution_string = (char *)NULL;
- want_pending_command = locally_skip_execution = read_from_stdin = 0;
- default_input = stdin;
-#if defined (BUFFERED_INPUT)
- default_buffered_input = -1;
-#endif
-
- /* Fix for the `infinite process creation' bug when running shell scripts
- from startup files on System V. */
- login_shell = make_login_shell = 0;
-
- /* If this shell has already been run, then reinitialize it to a
- vanilla state. */
- if (shell_initialized || shell_name)
- {
- /* Make sure that we do not infinitely recurse as a login shell. */
- if (*shell_name == '-')
- shell_name++;
-
- shell_reinitialize ();
- if (setjmp_nosigs (top_level))
- exit (2);
- }
-
- shell_environment = env;
- set_shell_name (argv[0]);
- shell_start_time = NOW; /* NOW now defined in general.h */
-
- /* Parse argument flags from the input line. */
-
- /* Find full word arguments first. */
- arg_index = parse_long_options (argv, arg_index, argc);
-
- if (want_initial_help)
- {
- show_shell_usage (stdout, 1);
- exit (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
- }
-
- if (do_version)
- {
- show_shell_version (1);
- exit (EXECUTION_SUCCESS);
- }
-
- /* All done with full word options; do standard shell option parsing.*/
- this_command_name = shell_name; /* for error reporting */
- arg_index = parse_shell_options (argv, arg_index, argc);
-
- /* If user supplied the "--login" (or -l) flag, then set and invert
- LOGIN_SHELL. */
- if (make_login_shell)
- {
- login_shell++;
- login_shell = -login_shell;
- }
-
- set_login_shell ("login_shell", login_shell != 0);
-
- if (dump_po_strings)
- dump_translatable_strings = 1;
-
- if (dump_translatable_strings)
- read_but_dont_execute = 1;
-
- if (running_setuid && privileged_mode == 0)
- disable_priv_mode ();
-
- /* Need to get the argument to a -c option processed in the
- above loop. The next arg is a command to execute, and the
- following args are $0...$n respectively. */
- if (want_pending_command)
- {
- command_execution_string = argv[arg_index];
- if (command_execution_string == 0)
- {
- report_error (_("%s: option requires an argument"), "-c");
- exit (EX_BADUSAGE);
- }
- arg_index++;
- }
- this_command_name = (char *)NULL;
-
- cmd_init(); /* initialize the command object caches */
-
- /* First, let the outside world know about our interactive status.
- A shell is interactive if the `-i' flag was given, or if all of
- the following conditions are met:
- no -c command
- no arguments remaining or the -s flag given
- standard input is a terminal
- standard error is a terminal
- Refer to Posix.2, the description of the `sh' utility. */
-
- if (forced_interactive || /* -i flag */
- (!command_execution_string && /* No -c command and ... */
- wordexp_only == 0 && /* No --wordexp and ... */
- ((arg_index == argc) || /* no remaining args or... */
- read_from_stdin) && /* -s flag with args, and */
- isatty (fileno (stdin)) && /* Input is a terminal and */
- isatty (fileno (stderr)))) /* error output is a terminal. */
- init_interactive ();
- else
- init_noninteractive ();
-
- /*
- * Some systems have the bad habit of starting login shells with lots of open
- * file descriptors. For instance, most systems that have picked up the
- * pre-4.0 Sun YP code leave a file descriptor open each time you call one
- * of the getpw* functions, and it's set to be open across execs. That
- * means one for login, one for xterm, one for shelltool, etc. There are
- * also systems that open persistent FDs to other agents or files as part
- * of process startup; these need to be set to be close-on-exec.
- */
- if (login_shell && interactive_shell)
- {
- for (i = 3; i < 20; i++)
- SET_CLOSE_ON_EXEC (i);
- }
-
- /* If we're in a strict Posix.2 mode, turn on interactive comments,
- alias expansion in non-interactive shells, and other Posix.2 things. */
- if (posixly_correct)
- {
- bind_variable ("POSIXLY_CORRECT", "y", 0);
- sv_strict_posix ("POSIXLY_CORRECT");
- }
-
- /* Now we run the shopt_alist and process the options. */
- if (shopt_alist)
- run_shopt_alist ();
-
- /* From here on in, the shell must be a normal functioning shell.
- Variables from the environment are expected to be set, etc. */
- shell_initialize ();
-
- set_default_lang ();
- set_default_locale_vars ();
-
- /*
- * M-x term -> TERM=eterm EMACS=22.1 (term:0.96) (eterm)
- * M-x shell -> TERM=dumb EMACS=t (no line editing)
- * M-x terminal -> TERM=emacs-em7955 EMACS= (line editing)
- */
- if (interactive_shell)
- {
- char *term, *emacs;
-
- term = get_string_value ("TERM");
- emacs = get_string_value ("EMACS");
-
- /* Not sure any emacs terminal emulator sets TERM=emacs any more */
- no_line_editing |= term && (STREQ (term, "emacs"));
- no_line_editing |= emacs && emacs[0] == 't' && emacs[1] == '\0' && STREQ (term, "dumb");
-
- /* running_under_emacs == 2 for `eterm' */
- running_under_emacs = (emacs != 0) || (term && STREQN (term, "emacs", 5));
- running_under_emacs += term && STREQN (term, "eterm", 5) && emacs && strstr (emacs, "term");
-
- if (running_under_emacs)
- gnu_error_format = 1;
- }
-
- top_level_arg_index = arg_index;
- old_errexit_flag = exit_immediately_on_error;
-
- /* Give this shell a place to longjmp to before executing the
- startup files. This allows users to press C-c to abort the
- lengthy startup. */
- code = setjmp (top_level);
- if (code)
- {
- if (code == EXITPROG || code == ERREXIT)
- exit_shell (last_command_exit_value);
- else
- {
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- /* Reset job control, since run_startup_files turned it off. */
- set_job_control (interactive_shell);
-#endif
- /* Reset value of `set -e', since it's turned off before running
- the startup files. */
- exit_immediately_on_error += old_errexit_flag;
- locally_skip_execution++;
- }
- }
-
- arg_index = top_level_arg_index;
-
- /* Execute the start-up scripts. */
-
- if (interactive_shell == 0)
- {
- unbind_variable ("PS1");
- unbind_variable ("PS2");
- interactive = 0;
-#if 0
- /* This has already been done by init_noninteractive */
- expand_aliases = posixly_correct;
-#endif
- }
- else
- {
- change_flag ('i', FLAG_ON);
- interactive = 1;
- }
-
-#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
- /* Set restricted_shell based on whether the basename of $0 indicates that
- the shell should be restricted or if the `-r' option was supplied at
- startup. */
- restricted_shell = shell_is_restricted (shell_name);
-
- /* If the `-r' option is supplied at invocation, make sure that the shell
- is not in restricted mode when running the startup files. */
- saverst = restricted;
- restricted = 0;
-#endif
-
- /* The startup files are run with `set -e' temporarily disabled. */
- if (locally_skip_execution == 0 && running_setuid == 0)
- {
- old_errexit_flag = exit_immediately_on_error;
- exit_immediately_on_error = 0;
-
- run_startup_files ();
- exit_immediately_on_error += old_errexit_flag;
- }
-
- /* If we are invoked as `sh', turn on Posix mode. */
- if (act_like_sh)
- {
- bind_variable ("POSIXLY_CORRECT", "y", 0);
- sv_strict_posix ("POSIXLY_CORRECT");
- }
-
-#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
- /* Turn on the restrictions after executing the startup files. This
- means that `bash -r' or `set -r' invoked from a startup file will
- turn on the restrictions after the startup files are executed. */
- restricted = saverst || restricted;
- if (shell_reinitialized == 0)
- maybe_make_restricted (shell_name);
-#endif /* RESTRICTED_SHELL */
-
-#if defined (WORDEXP_OPTION)
- if (wordexp_only)
- {
- startup_state = 3;
- last_command_exit_value = run_wordexp (argv[arg_index]);
- exit_shell (last_command_exit_value);
- }
-#endif
-
- if (command_execution_string)
- {
- arg_index = bind_args (argv, arg_index, argc, 0);
- startup_state = 2;
-
- if (debugging_mode)
- start_debugger ();
-
-#if defined (ONESHOT)
- executing = 1;
- run_one_command (command_execution_string);
- exit_shell (last_command_exit_value);
-#else /* ONESHOT */
- with_input_from_string (command_execution_string, "-c");
- goto read_and_execute;
-#endif /* !ONESHOT */
- }
-
- /* Get possible input filename and set up default_buffered_input or
- default_input as appropriate. */
- if (arg_index != argc && read_from_stdin == 0)
- {
- open_shell_script (argv[arg_index]);
- arg_index++;
- }
- else if (interactive == 0)
- /* In this mode, bash is reading a script from stdin, which is a
- pipe or redirected file. */
-#if defined (BUFFERED_INPUT)
- default_buffered_input = fileno (stdin); /* == 0 */
-#else
- setbuf (default_input, (char *)NULL);
-#endif /* !BUFFERED_INPUT */
-
- set_bash_input ();
-
- /* Bind remaining args to $1 ... $n */
- arg_index = bind_args (argv, arg_index, argc, 1);
-
- if (debugging_mode && locally_skip_execution == 0 && running_setuid == 0 && dollar_vars[1])
- start_debugger ();
-
- /* Do the things that should be done only for interactive shells. */
- if (interactive_shell)
- {
- /* Set up for checking for presence of mail. */
- reset_mail_timer ();
- init_mail_dates ();
-
-#if defined (HISTORY)
- /* Initialize the interactive history stuff. */
- bash_initialize_history ();
- /* Don't load the history from the history file if we've already
- saved some lines in this session (e.g., by putting `history -s xx'
- into one of the startup files). */
- if (shell_initialized == 0 && history_lines_this_session == 0)
- load_history ();
-#endif /* HISTORY */
-
- /* Initialize terminal state for interactive shells after the
- .bash_profile and .bashrc are interpreted. */
- get_tty_state ();
- }
-
-#if !defined (ONESHOT)
- read_and_execute:
-#endif /* !ONESHOT */
-
- shell_initialized = 1;
-
- /* Read commands until exit condition. */
- reader_loop ();
- exit_shell (last_command_exit_value);
-}
-
-static int
-parse_long_options (argv, arg_start, arg_end)
- char **argv;
- int arg_start, arg_end;
-{
- int arg_index, longarg, i;
- char *arg_string;
-
- arg_index = arg_start;
- while ((arg_index != arg_end) && (arg_string = argv[arg_index]) &&
- (*arg_string == '-'))
- {
- longarg = 0;
-
- /* Make --login equivalent to -login. */
- if (arg_string[1] == '-' && arg_string[2])
- {
- longarg = 1;
- arg_string++;
- }
-
- for (i = 0; long_args[i].name; i++)
- {
- if (STREQ (arg_string + 1, long_args[i].name))
- {
- if (long_args[i].type == Int)
- *long_args[i].int_value = 1;
- else if (argv[++arg_index] == 0)
- {
- report_error (_("%s: option requires an argument"), long_args[i].name);
- exit (EX_BADUSAGE);
- }
- else
- *long_args[i].char_value = argv[arg_index];
-
- break;
- }
- }
- if (long_args[i].name == 0)
- {
- if (longarg)
- {
- report_error (_("%s: invalid option"), argv[arg_index]);
- show_shell_usage (stderr, 0);
- exit (EX_BADUSAGE);
- }
- break; /* No such argument. Maybe flag arg. */
- }
-
- arg_index++;
- }
-
- return (arg_index);
-}
-
-static int
-parse_shell_options (argv, arg_start, arg_end)
- char **argv;
- int arg_start, arg_end;
-{
- int arg_index;
- int arg_character, on_or_off, next_arg, i;
- char *o_option, *arg_string;
-
- arg_index = arg_start;
- while (arg_index != arg_end && (arg_string = argv[arg_index]) &&
- (*arg_string == '-' || *arg_string == '+'))
- {
- /* There are flag arguments, so parse them. */
- next_arg = arg_index + 1;
-
- /* A single `-' signals the end of options. From the 4.3 BSD sh.
- An option `--' means the same thing; this is the standard
- getopt(3) meaning. */
- if (arg_string[0] == '-' &&
- (arg_string[1] == '\0' ||
- (arg_string[1] == '-' && arg_string[2] == '\0')))
- return (next_arg);
-
- i = 1;
- on_or_off = arg_string[0];
- while (arg_character = arg_string[i++])
- {
- switch (arg_character)
- {
- case 'c':
- want_pending_command = 1;
- break;
-
- case 'l':
- make_login_shell = 1;
- break;
-
- case 's':
- read_from_stdin = 1;
- break;
-
- case 'o':
- o_option = argv[next_arg];
- if (o_option == 0)
- {
- list_minus_o_opts (-1, (on_or_off == '-') ? 0 : 1);
- break;
- }
- if (set_minus_o_option (on_or_off, o_option) != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- exit (EX_BADUSAGE);
- next_arg++;
- break;
-
- case 'O':
- /* Since some of these can be overridden by the normal
- interactive/non-interactive shell initialization or
- initializing posix mode, we save the options and process
- them after initialization. */
- o_option = argv[next_arg];
- if (o_option == 0)
- {
- shopt_listopt (o_option, (on_or_off == '-') ? 0 : 1);
- break;
- }
- add_shopt_to_alist (o_option, on_or_off);
- next_arg++;
- break;
-
- case 'D':
- dump_translatable_strings = 1;
- break;
-
- default:
- if (change_flag (arg_character, on_or_off) == FLAG_ERROR)
- {
- report_error (_("%c%c: invalid option"), on_or_off, arg_character);
- show_shell_usage (stderr, 0);
- exit (EX_BADUSAGE);
- }
- }
- }
- /* Can't do just a simple increment anymore -- what about
- "bash -abouo emacs ignoreeof -hP"? */
- arg_index = next_arg;
- }
-
- return (arg_index);
-}
-
-/* Exit the shell with status S. */
-void
-exit_shell (s)
- int s;
-{
- fflush (stdout); /* XXX */
- fflush (stderr);
-
- /* Do trap[0] if defined. Allow it to override the exit status
- passed to us. */
- if (signal_is_trapped (0))
- s = run_exit_trap ();
-
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
- unlink_fifo_list ();
-#endif /* PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION */
-
-#if defined (HISTORY)
- if (remember_on_history)
- maybe_save_shell_history ();
-#endif /* HISTORY */
-
-#if defined (COPROCESS_SUPPORT)
- coproc_flush ();
-#endif
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- /* If the user has run `shopt -s huponexit', hangup all jobs when we exit
- an interactive login shell. ksh does this unconditionally. */
- if (interactive_shell && login_shell && hup_on_exit)
- hangup_all_jobs ();
-
- /* If this shell is interactive, terminate all stopped jobs and
- restore the original terminal process group. Don't do this if we're
- in a subshell and calling exit_shell after, for example, a failed
- word expansion. */
- if (subshell_environment == 0)
- end_job_control ();
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
-
- /* Always return the exit status of the last command to our parent. */
- sh_exit (s);
-}
-
-/* A wrapper for exit that (optionally) can do other things, like malloc
- statistics tracing. */
-void
-sh_exit (s)
- int s;
-{
-#if defined (MALLOC_DEBUG) && defined (USING_BASH_MALLOC)
- if (malloc_trace_at_exit)
- trace_malloc_stats (get_name_for_error (), (char *)NULL);
-#endif
-
- exit (s);
-}
-
-/* Exit a subshell, which includes calling the exit trap. We don't want to
- do any more cleanup, since a subshell is created as an exact copy of its
- parent. */
-void
-subshell_exit (s)
- int s;
-{
- fflush (stdout);
- fflush (stderr);
-
- /* Do trap[0] if defined. Allow it to override the exit status
- passed to us. */
- if (signal_is_trapped (0))
- s = run_exit_trap ();
-
- sh_exit (s);
-}
-
-/* Source the bash startup files. If POSIXLY_CORRECT is non-zero, we obey
- the Posix.2 startup file rules: $ENV is expanded, and if the file it
- names exists, that file is sourced. The Posix.2 rules are in effect
- for interactive shells only. (section 4.56.5.3) */
-
-/* Execute ~/.bashrc for most shells. Never execute it if
- ACT_LIKE_SH is set, or if NO_RC is set.
-
- If the executable file "/usr/gnu/src/bash/foo" contains:
-
- #!/usr/gnu/bin/bash
- echo hello
-
- then:
-
- COMMAND EXECUTE BASHRC
- --------------------------------
- bash -c foo NO
- bash foo NO
- foo NO
- rsh machine ls YES (for rsh, which calls `bash -c')
- rsh machine foo YES (for shell started by rsh) NO (for foo!)
- echo ls | bash NO
- login NO
- bash YES
-*/
-
-static void
-execute_env_file (env_file)
- char *env_file;
-{
- char *fn;
-
- if (env_file && *env_file)
- {
- fn = expand_string_unsplit_to_string (env_file, Q_DOUBLE_QUOTES);
- if (fn && *fn)
- maybe_execute_file (fn, 1);
- FREE (fn);
- }
-}
-
-static void
-run_startup_files ()
-{
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- int old_job_control;
-#endif
- int sourced_login, run_by_ssh;
-
- /* get the rshd/sshd case out of the way first. */
- if (interactive_shell == 0 && no_rc == 0 && login_shell == 0 &&
- act_like_sh == 0 && command_execution_string)
- {
-#ifdef SSH_SOURCE_BASHRC
- run_by_ssh = (find_variable ("SSH_CLIENT") != (SHELL_VAR *)0) ||
- (find_variable ("SSH2_CLIENT") != (SHELL_VAR *)0);
-#else
- run_by_ssh = 0;
-#endif
-
- /* If we were run by sshd or we think we were run by rshd, execute
- ~/.bashrc if we are a top-level shell. */
- if ((run_by_ssh || isnetconn (fileno (stdin))) && shell_level < 2)
- {
-#ifdef SYS_BASHRC
-# if defined (__OPENNT)
- maybe_execute_file (_prefixInstallPath(SYS_BASHRC, NULL, 0), 1);
-# else
- maybe_execute_file (SYS_BASHRC, 1);
-# endif
-#endif
- maybe_execute_file (bashrc_file, 1);
- return;
- }
- }
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- /* Startup files should be run without job control enabled. */
- old_job_control = interactive_shell ? set_job_control (0) : 0;
-#endif
-
- sourced_login = 0;
-
- /* A shell begun with the --login (or -l) flag that is not in posix mode
- runs the login shell startup files, no matter whether or not it is
- interactive. If NON_INTERACTIVE_LOGIN_SHELLS is defined, run the
- startup files if argv[0][0] == '-' as well. */
-#if defined (NON_INTERACTIVE_LOGIN_SHELLS)
- if (login_shell && posixly_correct == 0)
-#else
- if (login_shell < 0 && posixly_correct == 0)
-#endif
- {
- /* We don't execute .bashrc for login shells. */
- no_rc++;
-
- /* Execute /etc/profile and one of the personal login shell
- initialization files. */
- if (no_profile == 0)
- {
- maybe_execute_file (SYS_PROFILE, 1);
-
- if (act_like_sh) /* sh */
- maybe_execute_file ("~/.profile", 1);
- else if ((maybe_execute_file ("~/.bash_profile", 1) == 0) &&
- (maybe_execute_file ("~/.bash_login", 1) == 0)) /* bash */
- maybe_execute_file ("~/.profile", 1);
- }
-
- sourced_login = 1;
- }
-
- /* A non-interactive shell not named `sh' and not in posix mode reads and
- executes commands from $BASH_ENV. If `su' starts a shell with `-c cmd'
- and `-su' as the name of the shell, we want to read the startup files.
- No other non-interactive shells read any startup files. */
- if (interactive_shell == 0 && !(su_shell && login_shell))
- {
- if (posixly_correct == 0 && act_like_sh == 0 && privileged_mode == 0 &&
- sourced_env++ == 0)
- execute_env_file (get_string_value ("BASH_ENV"));
- return;
- }
-
- /* Interactive shell or `-su' shell. */
- if (posixly_correct == 0) /* bash, sh */
- {
- if (login_shell && sourced_login++ == 0)
- {
- /* We don't execute .bashrc for login shells. */
- no_rc++;
-
- /* Execute /etc/profile and one of the personal login shell
- initialization files. */
- if (no_profile == 0)
- {
- maybe_execute_file (SYS_PROFILE, 1);
-
- if (act_like_sh) /* sh */
- maybe_execute_file ("~/.profile", 1);
- else if ((maybe_execute_file ("~/.bash_profile", 1) == 0) &&
- (maybe_execute_file ("~/.bash_login", 1) == 0)) /* bash */
- maybe_execute_file ("~/.profile", 1);
- }
- }
-
- /* bash */
- if (act_like_sh == 0 && no_rc == 0)
- {
-#ifdef SYS_BASHRC
-# if defined (__OPENNT)
- maybe_execute_file (_prefixInstallPath(SYS_BASHRC, NULL, 0), 1);
-# else
- maybe_execute_file (SYS_BASHRC, 1);
-# endif
-#endif
- maybe_execute_file (bashrc_file, 1);
- }
- /* sh */
- else if (act_like_sh && privileged_mode == 0 && sourced_env++ == 0)
- execute_env_file (get_string_value ("ENV"));
- }
- else /* bash --posix, sh --posix */
- {
- /* bash and sh */
- if (interactive_shell && privileged_mode == 0 && sourced_env++ == 0)
- execute_env_file (get_string_value ("ENV"));
- }
-
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- set_job_control (old_job_control);
-#endif
-}
-
-#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
-/* Return 1 if the shell should be a restricted one based on NAME or the
- value of `restricted'. Don't actually do anything, just return a
- boolean value. */
-int
-shell_is_restricted (name)
- char *name;
-{
- char *temp;
-
- if (restricted)
- return 1;
- temp = base_pathname (name);
- if (*temp == '-')
- temp++;
- return (STREQ (temp, RESTRICTED_SHELL_NAME));
-}
-
-/* Perhaps make this shell a `restricted' one, based on NAME. If the
- basename of NAME is "rbash", then this shell is restricted. The
- name of the restricted shell is a configurable option, see config.h.
- In a restricted shell, PATH, SHELL, ENV, and BASH_ENV are read-only
- and non-unsettable.
- Do this also if `restricted' is already set to 1; maybe the shell was
- started with -r. */
-int
-maybe_make_restricted (name)
- char *name;
-{
- char *temp;
-
- temp = base_pathname (name);
- if (*temp == '-')
- temp++;
- if (restricted || (STREQ (temp, RESTRICTED_SHELL_NAME)))
- {
- set_var_read_only ("PATH");
- set_var_read_only ("SHELL");
- set_var_read_only ("ENV");
- set_var_read_only ("BASH_ENV");
- restricted = 1;
- }
- return (restricted);
-}
-#endif /* RESTRICTED_SHELL */
-
-/* Fetch the current set of uids and gids and return 1 if we're running
- setuid or setgid. */
-static int
-uidget ()
-{
- uid_t u;
-
- u = getuid ();
- if (current_user.uid != u)
- {
- FREE (current_user.user_name);
- FREE (current_user.shell);
- FREE (current_user.home_dir);
- current_user.user_name = current_user.shell = current_user.home_dir = (char *)NULL;
- }
- current_user.uid = u;
- current_user.gid = getgid ();
- current_user.euid = geteuid ();
- current_user.egid = getegid ();
-
- /* See whether or not we are running setuid or setgid. */
- return (current_user.uid != current_user.euid) ||
- (current_user.gid != current_user.egid);
-}
-
-void
-disable_priv_mode ()
-{
- setuid (current_user.uid);
- setgid (current_user.gid);
- current_user.euid = current_user.uid;
- current_user.egid = current_user.gid;
-}
-
-#if defined (WORDEXP_OPTION)
-static int
-run_wordexp (words)
- char *words;
-{
- int code, nw, nb;
- WORD_LIST *wl, *tl, *result;
-
- code = setjmp_nosigs (top_level);
-
- if (code != NOT_JUMPED)
- {
- switch (code)
- {
- /* Some kind of throw to top_level has occurred. */
- case FORCE_EOF:
- return last_command_exit_value = 127;
- case ERREXIT:
- case EXITPROG:
- return last_command_exit_value;
- case DISCARD:
- return last_command_exit_value = 1;
- default:
- command_error ("run_wordexp", CMDERR_BADJUMP, code, 0);
- }
- }
-
- /* Run it through the parser to get a list of words and expand them */
- if (words && *words)
- {
- with_input_from_string (words, "--wordexp");
- if (parse_command () != 0)
- return (126);
- if (global_command == 0)
- {
- printf ("0\n0\n");
- return (0);
- }
- if (global_command->type != cm_simple)
- return (126);
- wl = global_command->value.Simple->words;
- if (protected_mode)
- for (tl = wl; tl; tl = tl->next)
- tl->word->flags |= W_NOCOMSUB|W_NOPROCSUB;
- result = wl ? expand_words_no_vars (wl) : (WORD_LIST *)0;
- }
- else
- result = (WORD_LIST *)0;
-
- last_command_exit_value = 0;
-
- if (result == 0)
- {
- printf ("0\n0\n");
- return (0);
- }
-
- /* Count up the number of words and bytes, and print them. Don't count
- the trailing NUL byte. */
- for (nw = nb = 0, wl = result; wl; wl = wl->next)
- {
- nw++;
- nb += strlen (wl->word->word);
- }
- printf ("%u\n%u\n", nw, nb);
- /* Print each word on a separate line. This will have to be changed when
- the interface to glibc is completed. */
- for (wl = result; wl; wl = wl->next)
- printf ("%s\n", wl->word->word);
-
- return (0);
-}
-#endif
-
-#if defined (ONESHOT)
-/* Run one command, given as the argument to the -c option. Tell
- parse_and_execute not to fork for a simple command. */
-static int
-run_one_command (command)
- char *command;
-{
- int code;
-
- code = setjmp_nosigs (top_level);
-
- if (code != NOT_JUMPED)
- {
-#if defined (PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION)
- unlink_fifo_list ();
-#endif /* PROCESS_SUBSTITUTION */
- switch (code)
- {
- /* Some kind of throw to top_level has occurred. */
- case FORCE_EOF:
- return last_command_exit_value = 127;
- case ERREXIT:
- case EXITPROG:
- return last_command_exit_value;
- case DISCARD:
- return last_command_exit_value = 1;
- default:
- command_error ("run_one_command", CMDERR_BADJUMP, code, 0);
- }
- }
- return (parse_and_execute (savestring (command), "-c", SEVAL_NOHIST));
-}
-#endif /* ONESHOT */
-
-static int
-bind_args (argv, arg_start, arg_end, start_index)
- char **argv;
- int arg_start, arg_end, start_index;
-{
- register int i;
- WORD_LIST *args;
-
- for (i = arg_start, args = (WORD_LIST *)NULL; i < arg_end; i++)
- args = make_word_list (make_word (argv[i]), args);
- if (args)
- {
- args = REVERSE_LIST (args, WORD_LIST *);
- if (start_index == 0) /* bind to $0...$n for sh -c command */
- {
- /* Posix.2 4.56.3 says that the first argument after sh -c command
- becomes $0, and the rest of the arguments become $1...$n */
- shell_name = savestring (args->word->word);
- FREE (dollar_vars[0]);
- dollar_vars[0] = savestring (args->word->word);
- remember_args (args->next, 1);
- push_args (args->next); /* BASH_ARGV and BASH_ARGC */
- }
- else /* bind to $1...$n for shell script */
- {
- remember_args (args, 1);
- push_args (args); /* BASH_ARGV and BASH_ARGC */
- }
-
- dispose_words (args);
- }
-
- return (i);
-}
-
-void
-unbind_args ()
-{
- remember_args ((WORD_LIST *)NULL, 1);
- pop_args (); /* Reset BASH_ARGV and BASH_ARGC */
-}
-
-static void
-start_debugger ()
-{
-#if defined (DEBUGGER) && defined (DEBUGGER_START_FILE)
- int old_errexit;
-
- old_errexit = exit_immediately_on_error;
- exit_immediately_on_error = 0;
-
- maybe_execute_file (DEBUGGER_START_FILE, 1);
- function_trace_mode = 1;
-
- exit_immediately_on_error += old_errexit;
-#endif
-}
-
-static int
-open_shell_script (script_name)
- char *script_name;
-{
- int fd, e, fd_is_tty;
- char *filename, *path_filename, *t;
- char sample[80];
- int sample_len;
- struct stat sb;
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- SHELL_VAR *funcname_v, *bash_source_v, *bash_lineno_v;
- ARRAY *funcname_a, *bash_source_a, *bash_lineno_a;
-#endif
-
- filename = savestring (script_name);
-
- fd = open (filename, O_RDONLY);
- if ((fd < 0) && (errno == ENOENT) && (absolute_program (filename) == 0))
- {
- e = errno;
- /* If it's not in the current directory, try looking through PATH
- for it. */
- path_filename = find_path_file (script_name);
- if (path_filename)
- {
- free (filename);
- filename = path_filename;
- fd = open (filename, O_RDONLY);
- }
- else
- errno = e;
- }
-
- if (fd < 0)
- {
- e = errno;
- file_error (filename);
- exit ((e == ENOENT) ? EX_NOTFOUND : EX_NOINPUT);
- }
-
- free (dollar_vars[0]);
- dollar_vars[0] = exec_argv0 ? savestring (exec_argv0) : savestring (script_name);
- if (exec_argv0)
- {
- free (exec_argv0);
- exec_argv0 = (char *)NULL;
- }
-
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("FUNCNAME", funcname_v, funcname_a);
- GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("BASH_SOURCE", bash_source_v, bash_source_a);
- GET_ARRAY_FROM_VAR ("BASH_LINENO", bash_lineno_v, bash_lineno_a);
-
- array_push (bash_source_a, filename);
- if (bash_lineno_a)
- {
- t = itos (executing_line_number ());
- array_push (bash_lineno_a, t);
- free (t);
- }
- array_push (funcname_a, "main");
-#endif
-
-#ifdef HAVE_DEV_FD
- fd_is_tty = isatty (fd);
-#else
- fd_is_tty = 0;
-#endif
-
- /* Only do this with non-tty file descriptors we can seek on. */
- if (fd_is_tty == 0 && (lseek (fd, 0L, 1) != -1))
- {
- /* Check to see if the `file' in `bash file' is a binary file
- according to the same tests done by execute_simple_command (),
- and report an error and exit if it is. */
- sample_len = read (fd, sample, sizeof (sample));
- if (sample_len < 0)
- {
- e = errno;
- if ((fstat (fd, &sb) == 0) && S_ISDIR (sb.st_mode))
- internal_error (_("%s: is a directory"), filename);
- else
- {
- errno = e;
- file_error (filename);
- }
- exit (EX_NOEXEC);
- }
- else if (sample_len > 0 && (check_binary_file (sample, sample_len)))
- {
- internal_error (_("%s: cannot execute binary file"), filename);
- exit (EX_BINARY_FILE);
- }
- /* Now rewind the file back to the beginning. */
- lseek (fd, 0L, 0);
- }
-
- /* Open the script. But try to move the file descriptor to a randomly
- large one, in the hopes that any descriptors used by the script will
- not match with ours. */
- fd = move_to_high_fd (fd, 1, -1);
-
-#if defined (BUFFERED_INPUT)
- default_buffered_input = fd;
- SET_CLOSE_ON_EXEC (default_buffered_input);
-#else /* !BUFFERED_INPUT */
- default_input = fdopen (fd, "r");
-
- if (default_input == 0)
- {
- file_error (filename);
- exit (EX_NOTFOUND);
- }
-
- SET_CLOSE_ON_EXEC (fd);
- if (fileno (default_input) != fd)
- SET_CLOSE_ON_EXEC (fileno (default_input));
-#endif /* !BUFFERED_INPUT */
-
- /* Just about the only way for this code to be executed is if something
- like `bash -i /dev/stdin' is executed. */
- if (interactive_shell && fd_is_tty)
- {
- dup2 (fd, 0);
- close (fd);
- fd = 0;
-#if defined (BUFFERED_INPUT)
- default_buffered_input = 0;
-#else
- fclose (default_input);
- default_input = stdin;
-#endif
- }
- else if (forced_interactive && fd_is_tty == 0)
- /* But if a script is called with something like `bash -i scriptname',
- we need to do a non-interactive setup here, since we didn't do it
- before. */
- init_interactive_script ();
-
- free (filename);
- return (fd);
-}
-
-/* Initialize the input routines for the parser. */
-static void
-set_bash_input ()
-{
- /* Make sure the fd from which we are reading input is not in
- no-delay mode. */
-#if defined (BUFFERED_INPUT)
- if (interactive == 0)
- sh_unset_nodelay_mode (default_buffered_input);
- else
-#endif /* !BUFFERED_INPUT */
- sh_unset_nodelay_mode (fileno (stdin));
-
- /* with_input_from_stdin really means `with_input_from_readline' */
- if (interactive && no_line_editing == 0)
- with_input_from_stdin ();
-#if defined (BUFFERED_INPUT)
- else if (interactive == 0)
- with_input_from_buffered_stream (default_buffered_input, dollar_vars[0]);
-#endif /* BUFFERED_INPUT */
- else
- with_input_from_stream (default_input, dollar_vars[0]);
-}
-
-/* Close the current shell script input source and forget about it. This is
- extern so execute_cmd.c:initialize_subshell() can call it. If CHECK_ZERO
- is non-zero, we close default_buffered_input even if it's the standard
- input (fd 0). */
-void
-unset_bash_input (check_zero)
- int check_zero;
-{
-#if defined (BUFFERED_INPUT)
- if ((check_zero && default_buffered_input >= 0) ||
- (check_zero == 0 && default_buffered_input > 0))
- {
- close_buffered_fd (default_buffered_input);
- default_buffered_input = bash_input.location.buffered_fd = -1;
- bash_input.type = st_none; /* XXX */
- }
-#else /* !BUFFERED_INPUT */
- if (default_input)
- {
- fclose (default_input);
- default_input = (FILE *)NULL;
- }
-#endif /* !BUFFERED_INPUT */
-}
-
-
-#if !defined (PROGRAM)
-# define PROGRAM "bash"
-#endif
-
-static void
-set_shell_name (argv0)
- char *argv0;
-{
- /* Here's a hack. If the name of this shell is "sh", then don't do
- any startup files; just try to be more like /bin/sh. */
- shell_name = argv0 ? base_pathname (argv0) : PROGRAM;
-
- if (argv0 && *argv0 == '-')
- {
- if (*shell_name == '-')
- shell_name++;
- login_shell = 1;
- }
-
- if (shell_name[0] == 's' && shell_name[1] == 'h' && shell_name[2] == '\0')
- act_like_sh++;
- if (shell_name[0] == 's' && shell_name[1] == 'u' && shell_name[2] == '\0')
- su_shell++;
-
- shell_name = argv0 ? argv0 : PROGRAM;
- FREE (dollar_vars[0]);
- dollar_vars[0] = savestring (shell_name);
-
- /* A program may start an interactive shell with
- "execl ("/bin/bash", "-", NULL)".
- If so, default the name of this shell to our name. */
- if (!shell_name || !*shell_name || (shell_name[0] == '-' && !shell_name[1]))
- shell_name = PROGRAM;
-}
-
-static void
-init_interactive ()
-{
- expand_aliases = interactive_shell = startup_state = 1;
- interactive = 1;
-}
-
-static void
-init_noninteractive ()
-{
-#if defined (HISTORY)
- bash_history_reinit (0);
-#endif /* HISTORY */
- interactive_shell = startup_state = interactive = 0;
- expand_aliases = posixly_correct; /* XXX - was 0 not posixly_correct */
- no_line_editing = 1;
-#if defined (JOB_CONTROL)
- /* Even if the shell is not interactive, enable job control if the -i or
- -m option is supplied at startup. */
- set_job_control (forced_interactive||jobs_m_flag);
-#endif /* JOB_CONTROL */
-}
-
-static void
-init_interactive_script ()
-{
- init_noninteractive ();
- expand_aliases = interactive_shell = startup_state = 1;
-}
-
-void
-get_current_user_info ()
-{
- struct passwd *entry;
-
- /* Don't fetch this more than once. */
- if (current_user.user_name == 0)
- {
-#if defined (__TANDEM)
- entry = getpwnam (getlogin ());
-#else
- entry = getpwuid (current_user.uid);
-#endif
- if (entry)
- {
- current_user.user_name = savestring (entry->pw_name);
- current_user.shell = (entry->pw_shell && entry->pw_shell[0])
- ? savestring (entry->pw_shell)
- : savestring ("/bin/sh");
- current_user.home_dir = savestring (entry->pw_dir);
- }
- else
- {
- current_user.user_name = _("I have no name!");
- current_user.user_name = savestring (current_user.user_name);
- current_user.shell = savestring ("/bin/sh");
- current_user.home_dir = savestring ("/");
- }
- endpwent ();
- }
-}
-
-/* Do whatever is necessary to initialize the shell.
- Put new initializations in here. */
-static void
-shell_initialize ()
-{
- char hostname[256];
-
- /* Line buffer output for stderr and stdout. */
- if (shell_initialized == 0)
- {
- sh_setlinebuf (stderr);
- sh_setlinebuf (stdout);
- }
-
- /* Sort the array of shell builtins so that the binary search in
- find_shell_builtin () works correctly. */
- initialize_shell_builtins ();
-
- /* Initialize the trap signal handlers before installing our own
- signal handlers. traps.c:restore_original_signals () is responsible
- for restoring the original default signal handlers. That function
- is called when we make a new child. */
- initialize_traps ();
- initialize_signals (0);
-
- /* It's highly unlikely that this will change. */
- if (current_host_name == 0)
- {
- /* Initialize current_host_name. */
- if (gethostname (hostname, 255) < 0)
- current_host_name = "??host??";
- else
- current_host_name = savestring (hostname);
- }
-
- /* Initialize the stuff in current_user that comes from the password
- file. We don't need to do this right away if the shell is not
- interactive. */
- if (interactive_shell)
- get_current_user_info ();
-
- /* Initialize our interface to the tilde expander. */
- tilde_initialize ();
-
- /* Initialize internal and environment variables. Don't import shell
- functions from the environment if we are running in privileged or
- restricted mode or if the shell is running setuid. */
-#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
- initialize_shell_variables (shell_environment, privileged_mode||restricted||running_setuid);
-#else
- initialize_shell_variables (shell_environment, privileged_mode||running_setuid);
-#endif
-
- /* Initialize the data structures for storing and running jobs. */
- initialize_job_control (jobs_m_flag);
-
- /* Initialize input streams to null. */
- initialize_bash_input ();
-
- initialize_flags ();
-
- /* Initialize the shell options. Don't import the shell options
- from the environment variables $SHELLOPTS or $BASHOPTS if we are
- running in privileged or restricted mode or if the shell is running
- setuid. */
-#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
- initialize_shell_options (privileged_mode||restricted||running_setuid);
- initialize_bashopts (privileged_mode||restricted||running_setuid);
-#else
- initialize_shell_options (privileged_mode||running_setuid);
- initialize_bashopts (privileged_mode||running_setuid);
-#endif
-}
-
-/* Function called by main () when it appears that the shell has already
- had some initialization performed. This is supposed to reset the world
- back to a pristine state, as if we had been exec'ed. */
-static void
-shell_reinitialize ()
-{
- /* The default shell prompts. */
- primary_prompt = PPROMPT;
- secondary_prompt = SPROMPT;
-
- /* Things that get 1. */
- current_command_number = 1;
-
- /* We have decided that the ~/.bashrc file should not be executed
- for the invocation of each shell script. If the variable $ENV
- (or $BASH_ENV) is set, its value is used as the name of a file
- to source. */
- no_rc = no_profile = 1;
-
- /* Things that get 0. */
- login_shell = make_login_shell = interactive = executing = 0;
- debugging = do_version = line_number = last_command_exit_value = 0;
- forced_interactive = interactive_shell = subshell_environment = 0;
- expand_aliases = 0;
-
- /* XXX - should we set jobs_m_flag to 0 here? */
-
-#if defined (HISTORY)
- bash_history_reinit (0);
-#endif /* HISTORY */
-
-#if defined (RESTRICTED_SHELL)
- restricted = 0;
-#endif /* RESTRICTED_SHELL */
-
- /* Ensure that the default startup file is used. (Except that we don't
- execute this file for reinitialized shells). */
- bashrc_file = "~/.bashrc";
-
- /* Delete all variables and functions. They will be reinitialized when
- the environment is parsed. */
- delete_all_contexts (shell_variables);
- delete_all_variables (shell_functions);
-
- reinit_special_variables ();
-
-#if defined (READLINE)
- bashline_reinitialize ();
-#endif
-
- shell_reinitialized = 1;
-}
-
-static void
-show_shell_usage (fp, extra)
- FILE *fp;
- int extra;
-{
- int i;
- char *set_opts, *s, *t;
-
- if (extra)
- fprintf (fp, _("GNU bash, version %s-(%s)\n"), shell_version_string (), MACHTYPE);
- fprintf (fp, _("Usage:\t%s [GNU long option] [option] ...\n\t%s [GNU long option] [option] script-file ...\n"),
- shell_name, shell_name);
- fputs (_("GNU long options:\n"), fp);
- for (i = 0; long_args[i].name; i++)
- fprintf (fp, "\t--%s\n", long_args[i].name);
-
- fputs (_("Shell options:\n"), fp);
- fputs (_("\t-ilrsD or -c command or -O shopt_option\t\t(invocation only)\n"), fp);
-
- for (i = 0, set_opts = 0; shell_builtins[i].name; i++)
- if (STREQ (shell_builtins[i].name, "set"))
- set_opts = savestring (shell_builtins[i].short_doc);
- if (set_opts)
- {
- s = strchr (set_opts, '[');
- if (s == 0)
- s = set_opts;
- while (*++s == '-')
- ;
- t = strchr (s, ']');
- if (t)
- *t = '\0';
- fprintf (fp, _("\t-%s or -o option\n"), s);
- free (set_opts);
- }
-
- if (extra)
- {
- fprintf (fp, _("Type `%s -c \"help set\"' for more information about shell options.\n"), shell_name);
- fprintf (fp, _("Type `%s -c help' for more information about shell builtin commands.\n"), shell_name);
- fprintf (fp, _("Use the `bashbug' command to report bugs.\n"));
- }
-}
-
-static void
-add_shopt_to_alist (opt, on_or_off)
- char *opt;
- int on_or_off;
-{
- if (shopt_ind >= shopt_len)
- {
- shopt_len += 8;
- shopt_alist = (STRING_INT_ALIST *)xrealloc (shopt_alist, shopt_len * sizeof (shopt_alist[0]));
- }
- shopt_alist[shopt_ind].word = opt;
- shopt_alist[shopt_ind].token = on_or_off;
- shopt_ind++;
-}
-
-static void
-run_shopt_alist ()
-{
- register int i;
-
- for (i = 0; i < shopt_ind; i++)
- if (shopt_setopt (shopt_alist[i].word, (shopt_alist[i].token == '-')) != EXECUTION_SUCCESS)
- exit (EX_BADUSAGE);
- free (shopt_alist);
- shopt_alist = 0;
- shopt_ind = shopt_len = 0;
-}
+++ /dev/null
-#! /bin/sh
-#
-# shobj-conf -- output a series of variable assignments to be substituted
-# into a Makefile by configure which specify system-dependent
-# information for creating shared objects that may be loaded
-# into bash with `enable -f'
-#
-# usage: shobj-conf [-C compiler] -c host_cpu -o host_os -v host_vendor
-#
-# Chet Ramey
-# chet@po.cwru.edu
-
-# Copyright (C) 1996-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-#
-# This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-#
-
-#
-# defaults
-#
-SHOBJ_STATUS=supported
-SHLIB_STATUS=supported
-
-SHOBJ_CC=cc
-SHOBJ_CFLAGS=
-SHOBJ_LD=
-SHOBJ_LDFLAGS=
-SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS=
-SHOBJ_LIBS=
-
-SHLIB_XLDFLAGS=
-SHLIB_LIBS=
-
-SHLIB_DOT='.'
-SHLIB_LIBPREF='lib'
-SHLIB_LIBSUFF='so'
-
-SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF)'
-SHLIB_DLLVERSION='$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
-
-PROGNAME=`basename $0`
-USAGE="$PROGNAME [-C compiler] -c host_cpu -o host_os -v host_vendor"
-
-while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
- case "$1" in
- -C) shift; SHOBJ_CC="$1"; shift ;;
- -c) shift; host_cpu="$1"; shift ;;
- -o) shift; host_os="$1"; shift ;;
- -v) shift; host_vendor="$1"; shift ;;
- *) echo "$USAGE" >&2 ; exit 2;;
- esac
-done
-
-case "${host_os}-${SHOBJ_CC}-${host_vendor}" in
-nsk-cc-tandem)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-Wglobalized
- case `uname -m` in
- NSR*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS="${SHOBJ_CFLAGS} -Wcall_shared" # default on TNS/E, needed on TNS/R
- SHOBJ_LD=/usr/bin/ld # for TNS/R
- ;;
- NSE*|NEO*)
- SHOBJ_LD=/usr/bin/eld
- ;;
- esac
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -bglobalized -unres_symbols ignore'
- ;;
-
-sunos4*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- SHOBJ_LD=/usr/bin/ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-assert pure-text'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR)'
- ;;
-
-sunos4*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-pic
- SHOBJ_LD=/usr/bin/ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-assert pure-text'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR)'
- ;;
-
-sunos5*-*gcc*|solaris2*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- ld_used=`gcc -print-prog-name=ld`
- if ${ld_used} -V 2>&1 | grep GNU >/dev/null 2>&1; then
- # This line works for the GNU ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-h,$@'
- # http://sourceware.org/ml/binutils/2001-08/msg00361.html
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fPIC
- else
- # This line works for the Solaris linker in /usr/ccs/bin/ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-i -Wl,-h,$@'
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- fi
-
-# SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-R $(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sunos5*|solaris2*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K pic'
- SHOBJ_LD=/usr/ccs/bin/ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-G -dy -z text -i -h $@'
-
-# SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-R $(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-# All versions of Linux (including Gentoo/FreeBSD) or the semi-mythical GNU Hurd.
-linux*-*|gnu*-*|k*bsd*-gnu-*|freebsd*-gentoo)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fPIC
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-soname,$@'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,-rpath,$(libdir) -Wl,-soname,`basename $@ $(SHLIB_MINOR)`'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR)'
- ;;
-
-freebsd2*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-x -Bshareable'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-R$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR)'
- ;;
-
-# FreeBSD-3.x ELF
-freebsd3*|freebsdaout*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fPIC
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
-
- if [ -x /usr/bin/objformat ] && [ "`/usr/bin/objformat`" = "elf" ]; then
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-soname,$@'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,-rpath,$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- else
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-R$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR)'
- fi
- ;;
-
-# FreeBSD-4.x and later have only ELF
-freebsd[4-9]*|freebsd1[0-9]*|freebsdelf*|dragonfly*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fPIC
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
-
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-soname,$@'
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,-rpath,$(libdir)'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-# Darwin/MacOS X
-darwin*)
- # Common definitions for all darwin/mac os x versions
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-fno-common'
-
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF)'
- SHLIB_LIBSUFF='dylib'
-
- # unused at this time
- SHLIB_SONAME='$(libdir)/`echo $@ | sed "s:\\..*::"`.$(SHLIB_MAJOR).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF)'
-
- case "${host_os}" in
- # Darwin versions 1, 5, 6, 7 correspond to Mac OS X 10.0, 10.1, 10.2,
- # and 10.3, respectively.
- darwin[1-7].*)
- SHOBJ_STATUS=unsupported
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-dynamic'
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-arch_only `/usr/bin/arch` -install_name $(libdir)/`echo $@ | sed "s:\\..*::"`.$(SHLIB_MAJOR).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF) -current_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR) -compatibility_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR) -v'
- ;;
- # Darwin 8 == Mac OS X 10.4; Mac OS X 10.N == Darwin N+4
- *)
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-dynamiclib -dynamic -undefined dynamic_lookup -arch_only `/usr/bin/arch`'
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-dynamiclib -arch_only `/usr/bin/arch` -install_name $(libdir)/`echo $@ | sed "s:\\..*::"`.$(SHLIB_MAJOR).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF) -current_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR) -compatibility_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR) -v'
- ;;
- esac
-
- SHLIB_LIBS='-lncurses' # see if -lcurses works on MacOS X 10.1
- ;;
-
-openbsd*|netbsd*|mirbsd*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fPIC
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-R$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR)'
- ;;
-
-bsdi2*)
- SHOBJ_CC=shlicc2
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS=-r
- SHOBJ_LIBS=-lc_s.2.1.0
-
- # BSD/OS 2.x and 3.x `shared libraries' are too much of a pain in
- # the ass -- they require changing {/usr/lib,etc}/shlib.map on
- # each system, and the library creation process is byzantine
- SHLIB_STATUS=unsupported
- ;;
-
-bsdi3*)
- SHOBJ_CC=shlicc2
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS=-r
- SHOBJ_LIBS=-lc_s.3.0.0
-
- # BSD/OS 2.x and 3.x `shared libraries' are too much of a pain in
- # the ass -- they require changing {/usr/lib,etc}/shlib.map on
- # each system, and the library creation process is byzantine
- SHLIB_STATUS=unsupported
- ;;
-
-bsdi4*)
- # BSD/OS 4.x now supports ELF and SunOS-style dynamically-linked
- # shared libraries. gcc 2.x is the standard compiler, and the
- # `normal' gcc options should work as they do in Linux.
-
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fPIC
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-soname,$@'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,-soname,`basename $@ $(SHLIB_MINOR)`'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR)'
- ;;
-
-osf*-*gcc*)
- # Fix to use gcc linker driver from bfischer@TechFak.Uni-Bielefeld.DE
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-soname,$@'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-rpath $(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-osf*)
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -soname $@ -expect_unresolved "*"'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-rpath $(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-aix4.[2-9]*-*gcc*|aix[5-9].*-*gcc*) # lightly tested by jik@cisco.com
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- SHOBJ_LD='ld'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-bdynamic -bnoentry -bexpall'
- SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS='-G'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-bM:SRE'
- SHLIB_LIBS='-lcurses -lc'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-aix4.[2-9]*|aix[5-9].*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-K
- SHOBJ_LD='ld'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-bdynamic -bnoentry -bexpall'
- SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS='-G'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-bM:SRE'
- SHLIB_LIBS='-lcurses -lc'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-#
-# THE FOLLOWING ARE UNTESTED -- and some may not support the dlopen interface
-#
-irix[56]*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-fpic'
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-soname,$@'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,-rpath,$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-irix[56]*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K PIC'
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
-# SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-call_shared -hidden_symbol -no_unresolved -soname $@'
-# Change from David Kaelbling <drk@sgi.com>. If you have problems,
-# remove the `-no_unresolved'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -no_unresolved -soname $@'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-rpath $(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-hpux9*-*gcc*)
- # must use gcc; the bundled cc cannot compile PIC code
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-fpic'
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-b -Wl,+s'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,+b,$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBSUFF='sl'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-hpux9*)
- SHOBJ_STATUS=unsupported
- SHLIB_STATUS=unsupported
-
- # If you are using the HP ANSI C compiler, you can uncomment and use
- # this code (I have not tested it)
-# SHOBJ_STATUS=supported
-# SHLIB_STATUS=supported
-#
-# SHOBJ_CFLAGS='+z'
-# SHOBJ_LD='ld'
-# SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-b +s'
-#
-# SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='+b $(libdir)'
-# SHLIB_LIBSUFF='sl'
-# SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
-
- ;;
-
-hpux10*-*gcc*)
- # must use gcc; the bundled cc cannot compile PIC code
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-fpic'
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- # if you have problems linking here, moving the `-Wl,+h,$@' from
- # SHLIB_XLDFLAGS to SHOBJ_LDFLAGS has been reported to work
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -fpic -Wl,-b -Wl,+s'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,+h,$@ -Wl,+b,$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBSUFF='sl'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-hpux10*)
- SHOBJ_STATUS=unsupported
- SHLIB_STATUS=unsupported
-
- # If you are using the HP ANSI C compiler, you can uncomment and use
- # this code (I have not tested it)
-# SHOBJ_STATUS=supported
-# SHLIB_STATUS=supported
-#
-# SHOBJ_CFLAGS='+z'
-# SHOBJ_LD='ld'
-# SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-b +s +h $@'
-#
-# SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='+b $(libdir)'
-# SHLIB_LIBSUFF='sl'
-# SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
-
- ;;
-
-hpux11*-*gcc*)
- # must use gcc; the bundled cc cannot compile PIC code
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-fpic'
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
-# SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-b -Wl,-B,symbolic -Wl,+s -Wl,+std -Wl,+h,$@'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -fpic -Wl,-b -Wl,+s -Wl,+h,$@'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,+b,$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBSUFF='sl'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-hpux11*)
- SHOBJ_STATUS=unsupported
- SHLIB_STATUS=unsupported
-
- # If you are using the HP ANSI C compiler, you can uncomment and use
- # this code (I have not tested it)
-# SHOBJ_STATUS=supported
-# SHLIB_STATUS=supported
-#
-# SHOBJ_CFLAGS='+z'
-# SHOBJ_LD='ld'
-# SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-b +s +h $@'
-#
-# SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='+b $(libdir)'
-# SHLIB_LIBSUFF='sl'
-# SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
-
- ;;
-
-sysv4*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-shared
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -h $@'
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sysv4*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K PIC'
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-dy -z text -G -h $@'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sco3.2v5*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-fpic' # DEFAULTS TO ELF
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sco3.2v5*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K pic -b elf'
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-G -b elf -dy -z text -h $@'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sysv5uw7*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-fpic'
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sysv5uw7*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K PIC'
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-G -dy -z text -h $@'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sysv5UnixWare*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sysv5UnixWare*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K PIC'
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-G -dy -z text -h $@'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sysv5OpenUNIX*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sysv5OpenUNIX*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K PIC'
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-G -dy -z text -h $@'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-dgux*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-dgux*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K pic'
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-G -dy -h $@'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-msdos*)
- SHOBJ_STATUS=unsupported
- SHLIB_STATUS=unsupported
- ;;
-
-cygwin*)
- SHOBJ_LD='$(CC)'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,--enable-auto-import -Wl,--enable-auto-image-base -Wl,--export-all -Wl,--out-implib=$(@).a'
- SHLIB_LIBPREF='cyg'
- SHLIB_LIBSUFF='dll'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_DLLVERSION).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF)'
- SHLIB_LIBS='$(TERMCAP_LIB)'
-
- SHLIB_DOT=
- # For official cygwin releases, DLLVERSION will be defined in the
- # environment of configure, and will be incremented any time the API
- # changes in a non-backwards compatible manner. Otherwise, it is just
- # SHLIB_MAJOR.
- if [ -n "$DLLVERSION" ] ; then
- SHLIB_DLLVERSION="$DLLVERSION"
- fi
- ;;
-
-mingw*)
- SHOBJ_LD='$(CC)'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,--enable-auto-import -Wl,--enable-auto-image-base -Wl,--export-all -Wl,--out-implib=$(@).a'
- SHLIB_LIBSUFF='dll'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_DLLVERSION).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF)'
- SHLIB_LIBS='$(TERMCAP_LIB)'
-
- SHLIB_DOT=
- # For official cygwin releases, DLLVERSION will be defined in the
- # environment of configure, and will be incremented any time the API
- # changes in a non-backwards compatible manner. Otherwise, it is just
- # SHLIB_MAJOR.
- if [ -n "$DLLVERSION" ] ; then
- SHLIB_DLLVERSION="$DLLVERSION"
- fi
- ;;
-
-#
-# Rely on correct gcc configuration for everything else
-#
-*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-*)
- SHOBJ_STATUS=unsupported
- SHLIB_STATUS=unsupported
- ;;
-
-esac
-
-echo SHOBJ_CC=\'"$SHOBJ_CC"\'
-echo SHOBJ_CFLAGS=\'"$SHOBJ_CFLAGS"\'
-echo SHOBJ_LD=\'"$SHOBJ_LD"\'
-echo SHOBJ_LDFLAGS=\'"$SHOBJ_LDFLAGS"\'
-echo SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS=\'"$SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS"\'
-echo SHOBJ_LIBS=\'"$SHOBJ_LIBS"\'
-
-echo SHLIB_XLDFLAGS=\'"$SHLIB_XLDFLAGS"\'
-echo SHLIB_LIBS=\'"$SHLIB_LIBS"\'
-
-echo SHLIB_DOT=\'"$SHLIB_DOT"\'
-
-echo SHLIB_LIBPREF=\'"$SHLIB_LIBPREF"\'
-echo SHLIB_LIBSUFF=\'"$SHLIB_LIBSUFF"\'
-
-echo SHLIB_LIBVERSION=\'"$SHLIB_LIBVERSION"\'
-echo SHLIB_DLLVERSION=\'"$SHLIB_DLLVERSION"\'
-
-echo SHOBJ_STATUS=\'"$SHOBJ_STATUS"\'
-echo SHLIB_STATUS=\'"$SHLIB_STATUS"\'
-
-exit 0
+++ /dev/null
-#! /bin/sh
-#
-# shobj-conf -- output a series of variable assignments to be substituted
-# into a Makefile by configure which specify system-dependent
-# information for creating shared objects that may be loaded
-# into bash with `enable -f'
-#
-# usage: shobj-conf [-C compiler] -c host_cpu -o host_os -v host_vendor
-#
-# Chet Ramey
-# chet@po.cwru.edu
-
-# Copyright (C) 1996-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-#
-# This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-#
-
-#
-# defaults
-#
-SHOBJ_STATUS=supported
-SHLIB_STATUS=supported
-
-SHOBJ_CC=cc
-SHOBJ_CFLAGS=
-SHOBJ_LD=
-SHOBJ_LDFLAGS=
-SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS=
-SHOBJ_LIBS=
-
-SHLIB_XLDFLAGS=
-SHLIB_LIBS=
-
-SHLIB_DOT='.'
-SHLIB_LIBPREF='lib'
-SHLIB_LIBSUFF='so'
-
-SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF)'
-SHLIB_DLLVERSION='$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
-
-PROGNAME=`basename $0`
-USAGE="$PROGNAME [-C compiler] -c host_cpu -o host_os -v host_vendor"
-
-while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
- case "$1" in
- -C) shift; SHOBJ_CC="$1"; shift ;;
- -c) shift; host_cpu="$1"; shift ;;
- -o) shift; host_os="$1"; shift ;;
- -v) shift; host_vendor="$1"; shift ;;
- *) echo "$USAGE" >&2 ; exit 2;;
- esac
-done
-
-case "${host_os}-${SHOBJ_CC}-${host_vendor}" in
-nsk-cc-tandem)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-Wglobalized
- case `uname -m` in
- NSR*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS="${SHOBJ_CFLAGS} -Wcall_shared" # default on TNS/E, needed on TNS/R
- SHOBJ_LD=/usr/bin/ld # for TNS/R
- ;;
- NSE*|NEO*)
- SHOBJ_LD=/usr/bin/eld
- ;;
- esac
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -bglobalized -unres_symbols ignore'
- ;;
-
-sunos4*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- SHOBJ_LD=/usr/bin/ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-assert pure-text'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR)'
- ;;
-
-sunos4*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-pic
- SHOBJ_LD=/usr/bin/ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-assert pure-text'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR)'
- ;;
-
-sunos5*-*gcc*|solaris2*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- ld_used=`gcc -print-prog-name=ld`
- if ${ld_used} -V 2>&1 | grep GNU >/dev/null 2>&1; then
- # This line works for the GNU ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-h,$@'
- # http://sourceware.org/ml/binutils/2001-08/msg00361.html
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fPIC
- else
- # This line works for the Solaris linker in /usr/ccs/bin/ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-i -Wl,-h,$@'
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- fi
-
-# SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-R $(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sunos5*|solaris2*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K pic'
- SHOBJ_LD=/usr/ccs/bin/ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-G -dy -z text -i -h $@'
-
-# SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-R $(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-# All versions of Linux (including Gentoo/FreeBSD) or the semi-mythical GNU Hurd.
-linux*-*|gnu*-*|k*bsd*-gnu-*|freebsd*-gentoo)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fPIC
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-soname,$@'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,-rpath,$(libdir) -Wl,-soname,`basename $@ $(SHLIB_MINOR)`'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR)'
- ;;
-
-freebsd2*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-x -Bshareable'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-R$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR)'
- ;;
-
-# FreeBSD-3.x ELF
-freebsd3*|freebsdaout*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fPIC
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
-
- if [ -x /usr/bin/objformat ] && [ "`/usr/bin/objformat`" = "elf" ]; then
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-soname,$@'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,-rpath,$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- else
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-R$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR)'
- fi
- ;;
-
-# FreeBSD-4.x and later have only ELF
-freebsd[4-9]*|freebsd1[0-9]*|freebsdelf*|dragonfly*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fPIC
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
-
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-soname,$@'
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,-rpath,$(libdir)'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-# Darwin/MacOS X
-darwin*)
- # Common definitions for all darwin/mac os x versions
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-fno-common'
-
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF)'
- SHLIB_LIBSUFF='dylib'
-
- # unused at this time
- SHLIB_SONAME='$(libdir)/`echo $@ | sed "s:\\..*::"`.$(SHLIB_MAJOR).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF)'
-
- case "${host_os}" in
- # Darwin versions 1, 5, 6, 7 correspond to Mac OS X 10.0, 10.1, 10.2,
- # and 10.3, respectively.
- darwin[1-7].*)
- SHOBJ_STATUS=unsupported
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-dynamic'
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-arch_only `/usr/bin/arch` -install_name $(libdir)/`echo $@ | sed "s:\\..*::"`.$(SHLIB_MAJOR).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF) -current_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR) -compatibility_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR) -v'
- ;;
- # Darwin 8 == Mac OS X 10.4; Mac OS X 10.N == Darwin N+4
- *)
- case "${host_os}" in
- darwin[89]*|darwin1[012]*)
- SHOBJ_ARCHFLAGS='-arch_only `/usr/bin/arch`'
- ;;
- *) # Mac OS X 10.9 (Mavericks) and later
- SHOBJ_ARCHFLAGS=
- # for 32 and 64bit universal library
- #SHOBJ_ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch x86_64'
- #SHOBJ_CFLAGS=${SHOBJ_CFLAGS}' -arch i386 -arch x86_64'
- ;;
- esac
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS="-dynamiclib -dynamic -undefined dynamic_lookup ${SHOBJ_ARCHFLAGS}"
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS="-dynamiclib ${SHOBJ_ARCHFLAGS}"' -install_name $(libdir)/`echo $@ | sed "s:\\..*::"`.$(SHLIB_MAJOR).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF) -current_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR) -compatibility_version $(SHLIB_MAJOR) -v'
- ;;
- esac
-
- SHLIB_LIBS='-lncurses' # see if -lcurses works on MacOS X 10.1
- ;;
-
-openbsd*|netbsd*|mirbsd*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fPIC
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-R$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR)'
- ;;
-
-bsdi2*)
- SHOBJ_CC=shlicc2
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS=-r
- SHOBJ_LIBS=-lc_s.2.1.0
-
- # BSD/OS 2.x and 3.x `shared libraries' are too much of a pain in
- # the ass -- they require changing {/usr/lib,etc}/shlib.map on
- # each system, and the library creation process is byzantine
- SHLIB_STATUS=unsupported
- ;;
-
-bsdi3*)
- SHOBJ_CC=shlicc2
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS=-r
- SHOBJ_LIBS=-lc_s.3.0.0
-
- # BSD/OS 2.x and 3.x `shared libraries' are too much of a pain in
- # the ass -- they require changing {/usr/lib,etc}/shlib.map on
- # each system, and the library creation process is byzantine
- SHLIB_STATUS=unsupported
- ;;
-
-bsdi4*)
- # BSD/OS 4.x now supports ELF and SunOS-style dynamically-linked
- # shared libraries. gcc 2.x is the standard compiler, and the
- # `normal' gcc options should work as they do in Linux.
-
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fPIC
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-soname,$@'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,-soname,`basename $@ $(SHLIB_MINOR)`'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)$(SHLIB_MINOR)'
- ;;
-
-osf*-*gcc*)
- # Fix to use gcc linker driver from bfischer@TechFak.Uni-Bielefeld.DE
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-soname,$@'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-rpath $(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-osf*)
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -soname $@ -expect_unresolved "*"'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-rpath $(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-aix4.[2-9]*-*gcc*|aix[5-9].*-*gcc*) # lightly tested by jik@cisco.com
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- SHOBJ_LD='ld'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-bdynamic -bnoentry -bexpall'
- SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS='-G'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-bM:SRE'
- SHLIB_LIBS='-lcurses -lc'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-aix4.[2-9]*|aix[5-9].*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-K
- SHOBJ_LD='ld'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-bdynamic -bnoentry -bexpall'
- SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS='-G'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-bM:SRE'
- SHLIB_LIBS='-lcurses -lc'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-#
-# THE FOLLOWING ARE UNTESTED -- and some may not support the dlopen interface
-#
-irix[56]*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-fpic'
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-soname,$@'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,-rpath,$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-irix[56]*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K PIC'
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
-# SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-call_shared -hidden_symbol -no_unresolved -soname $@'
-# Change from David Kaelbling <drk@sgi.com>. If you have problems,
-# remove the `-no_unresolved'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -no_unresolved -soname $@'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-rpath $(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-hpux9*-*gcc*)
- # must use gcc; the bundled cc cannot compile PIC code
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-fpic'
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-b -Wl,+s'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,+b,$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBSUFF='sl'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-hpux9*)
- SHOBJ_STATUS=unsupported
- SHLIB_STATUS=unsupported
-
- # If you are using the HP ANSI C compiler, you can uncomment and use
- # this code (I have not tested it)
-# SHOBJ_STATUS=supported
-# SHLIB_STATUS=supported
-#
-# SHOBJ_CFLAGS='+z'
-# SHOBJ_LD='ld'
-# SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-b +s'
-#
-# SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='+b $(libdir)'
-# SHLIB_LIBSUFF='sl'
-# SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
-
- ;;
-
-hpux10*-*gcc*)
- # must use gcc; the bundled cc cannot compile PIC code
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-fpic'
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- # if you have problems linking here, moving the `-Wl,+h,$@' from
- # SHLIB_XLDFLAGS to SHOBJ_LDFLAGS has been reported to work
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -fpic -Wl,-b -Wl,+s'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,+h,$@ -Wl,+b,$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBSUFF='sl'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-hpux10*)
- SHOBJ_STATUS=unsupported
- SHLIB_STATUS=unsupported
-
- # If you are using the HP ANSI C compiler, you can uncomment and use
- # this code (I have not tested it)
-# SHOBJ_STATUS=supported
-# SHLIB_STATUS=supported
-#
-# SHOBJ_CFLAGS='+z'
-# SHOBJ_LD='ld'
-# SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-b +s +h $@'
-#
-# SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='+b $(libdir)'
-# SHLIB_LIBSUFF='sl'
-# SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
-
- ;;
-
-hpux11*-*gcc*)
- # must use gcc; the bundled cc cannot compile PIC code
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-fpic'
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
-# SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,-b -Wl,-B,symbolic -Wl,+s -Wl,+std -Wl,+h,$@'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -fpic -Wl,-b -Wl,+s -Wl,+h,$@'
-
- SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='-Wl,+b,$(libdir)'
- SHLIB_LIBSUFF='sl'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-hpux11*)
- SHOBJ_STATUS=unsupported
- SHLIB_STATUS=unsupported
-
- # If you are using the HP ANSI C compiler, you can uncomment and use
- # this code (I have not tested it)
-# SHOBJ_STATUS=supported
-# SHLIB_STATUS=supported
-#
-# SHOBJ_CFLAGS='+z'
-# SHOBJ_LD='ld'
-# SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-b +s +h $@'
-#
-# SHLIB_XLDFLAGS='+b $(libdir)'
-# SHLIB_LIBSUFF='sl'
-# SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
-
- ;;
-
-sysv4*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-shared
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -h $@'
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sysv4*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K PIC'
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-dy -z text -G -h $@'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sco3.2v5*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-fpic' # DEFAULTS TO ELF
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sco3.2v5*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K pic -b elf'
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-G -b elf -dy -z text -h $@'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sysv5uw7*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-fpic'
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sysv5uw7*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K PIC'
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-G -dy -z text -h $@'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sysv5UnixWare*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sysv5UnixWare*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K PIC'
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-G -dy -z text -h $@'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sysv5OpenUNIX*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-sysv5OpenUNIX*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K PIC'
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-G -dy -z text -h $@'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-dgux*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-dgux*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS='-K pic'
- SHOBJ_LD=ld
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-G -dy -h $@'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-msdos*)
- SHOBJ_STATUS=unsupported
- SHLIB_STATUS=unsupported
- ;;
-
-cygwin*)
- SHOBJ_LD='$(CC)'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,--enable-auto-import -Wl,--enable-auto-image-base -Wl,--export-all -Wl,--out-implib=$(@).a'
- SHLIB_LIBPREF='cyg'
- SHLIB_LIBSUFF='dll'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_DLLVERSION).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF)'
- SHLIB_LIBS='$(TERMCAP_LIB)'
-
- SHLIB_DOT=
- # For official cygwin releases, DLLVERSION will be defined in the
- # environment of configure, and will be incremented any time the API
- # changes in a non-backwards compatible manner. Otherwise, it is just
- # SHLIB_MAJOR.
- if [ -n "$DLLVERSION" ] ; then
- SHLIB_DLLVERSION="$DLLVERSION"
- fi
- ;;
-
-mingw*)
- SHOBJ_LD='$(CC)'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared -Wl,--enable-auto-import -Wl,--enable-auto-image-base -Wl,--export-all -Wl,--out-implib=$(@).a'
- SHLIB_LIBSUFF='dll'
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_DLLVERSION).$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF)'
- SHLIB_LIBS='$(TERMCAP_LIB)'
-
- SHLIB_DOT=
- # For official cygwin releases, DLLVERSION will be defined in the
- # environment of configure, and will be incremented any time the API
- # changes in a non-backwards compatible manner. Otherwise, it is just
- # SHLIB_MAJOR.
- if [ -n "$DLLVERSION" ] ; then
- SHLIB_DLLVERSION="$DLLVERSION"
- fi
- ;;
-
-#
-# Rely on correct gcc configuration for everything else
-#
-*-*gcc*)
- SHOBJ_CFLAGS=-fpic
- SHOBJ_LD='${CC}'
- SHOBJ_LDFLAGS='-shared'
-
- SHLIB_LIBVERSION='$(SHLIB_LIBSUFF).$(SHLIB_MAJOR)'
- ;;
-
-*)
- SHOBJ_STATUS=unsupported
- SHLIB_STATUS=unsupported
- ;;
-
-esac
-
-echo SHOBJ_CC=\'"$SHOBJ_CC"\'
-echo SHOBJ_CFLAGS=\'"$SHOBJ_CFLAGS"\'
-echo SHOBJ_LD=\'"$SHOBJ_LD"\'
-echo SHOBJ_LDFLAGS=\'"$SHOBJ_LDFLAGS"\'
-echo SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS=\'"$SHOBJ_XLDFLAGS"\'
-echo SHOBJ_LIBS=\'"$SHOBJ_LIBS"\'
-
-echo SHLIB_XLDFLAGS=\'"$SHLIB_XLDFLAGS"\'
-echo SHLIB_LIBS=\'"$SHLIB_LIBS"\'
-
-echo SHLIB_DOT=\'"$SHLIB_DOT"\'
-
-echo SHLIB_LIBPREF=\'"$SHLIB_LIBPREF"\'
-echo SHLIB_LIBSUFF=\'"$SHLIB_LIBSUFF"\'
-
-echo SHLIB_LIBVERSION=\'"$SHLIB_LIBVERSION"\'
-echo SHLIB_DLLVERSION=\'"$SHLIB_DLLVERSION"\'
-
-echo SHOBJ_STATUS=\'"$SHOBJ_STATUS"\'
-echo SHLIB_STATUS=\'"$SHLIB_STATUS"\'
-
-exit 0
+++ /dev/null
-/* test.c - GNU test program (ksb and mjb) */
-
-/* Modified to run with the GNU shell Apr 25, 1988 by bfox. */
-
-/* Copyright (C) 1987-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
- This file is part of GNU Bash, the Bourne Again SHell.
-
- Bash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- (at your option) any later version.
-
- Bash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- GNU General Public License for more details.
-
- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- along with Bash. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-/* Define PATTERN_MATCHING to get the csh-like =~ and !~ pattern-matching
- binary operators. */
-/* #define PATTERN_MATCHING */
-
-#if defined (HAVE_CONFIG_H)
-# include <config.h>
-#endif
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-
-#include "bashtypes.h"
-
-#if !defined (HAVE_LIMITS_H) && defined (HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H)
-# include <sys/param.h>
-#endif
-
-#if defined (HAVE_UNISTD_H)
-# include <unistd.h>
-#endif
-
-#include <errno.h>
-#if !defined (errno)
-extern int errno;
-#endif /* !errno */
-
-#if !defined (_POSIX_VERSION) && defined (HAVE_SYS_FILE_H)
-# include <sys/file.h>
-#endif /* !_POSIX_VERSION */
-#include "posixstat.h"
-#include "filecntl.h"
-#include "stat-time.h"
-
-#include "bashintl.h"
-
-#include "shell.h"
-#include "pathexp.h"
-#include "test.h"
-#include "builtins/common.h"
-
-#include <glob/strmatch.h>
-
-#if !defined (STRLEN)
-# define STRLEN(s) ((s)[0] ? ((s)[1] ? ((s)[2] ? strlen(s) : 2) : 1) : 0)
-#endif
-
-#if !defined (STREQ)
-# define STREQ(a, b) ((a)[0] == (b)[0] && strcmp ((a), (b)) == 0)
-#endif /* !STREQ */
-#define STRCOLLEQ(a, b) ((a)[0] == (b)[0] && strcoll ((a), (b)) == 0)
-
-#if !defined (R_OK)
-#define R_OK 4
-#define W_OK 2
-#define X_OK 1
-#define F_OK 0
-#endif /* R_OK */
-
-#define EQ 0
-#define NE 1
-#define LT 2
-#define GT 3
-#define LE 4
-#define GE 5
-
-#define NT 0
-#define OT 1
-#define EF 2
-
-/* The following few defines control the truth and false output of each stage.
- TRUE and FALSE are what we use to compute the final output value.
- SHELL_BOOLEAN is the form which returns truth or falseness in shell terms.
- Default is TRUE = 1, FALSE = 0, SHELL_BOOLEAN = (!value). */
-#define TRUE 1
-#define FALSE 0
-#define SHELL_BOOLEAN(value) (!(value))
-
-#define TEST_ERREXIT_STATUS 2
-
-static procenv_t test_exit_buf;
-static int test_error_return;
-#define test_exit(val) \
- do { test_error_return = val; longjmp (test_exit_buf, 1); } while (0)
-
-extern int sh_stat __P((const char *, struct stat *));
-
-static int pos; /* The offset of the current argument in ARGV. */
-static int argc; /* The number of arguments present in ARGV. */
-static char **argv; /* The argument list. */
-static int noeval;
-
-static void test_syntax_error __P((char *, char *)) __attribute__((__noreturn__));
-static void beyond __P((void)) __attribute__((__noreturn__));
-static void integer_expected_error __P((char *)) __attribute__((__noreturn__));
-
-static int unary_operator __P((void));
-static int binary_operator __P((void));
-static int two_arguments __P((void));
-static int three_arguments __P((void));
-static int posixtest __P((void));
-
-static int expr __P((void));
-static int term __P((void));
-static int and __P((void));
-static int or __P((void));
-
-static int filecomp __P((char *, char *, int));
-static int arithcomp __P((char *, char *, int, int));
-static int patcomp __P((char *, char *, int));
-
-static void
-test_syntax_error (format, arg)
- char *format, *arg;
-{
- builtin_error (format, arg);
- test_exit (TEST_ERREXIT_STATUS);
-}
-
-/*
- * beyond - call when we're beyond the end of the argument list (an
- * error condition)
- */
-static void
-beyond ()
-{
- test_syntax_error (_("argument expected"), (char *)NULL);
-}
-
-/* Syntax error for when an integer argument was expected, but
- something else was found. */
-static void
-integer_expected_error (pch)
- char *pch;
-{
- test_syntax_error (_("%s: integer expression expected"), pch);
-}
-
-/* Increment our position in the argument list. Check that we're not
- past the end of the argument list. This check is suppressed if the
- argument is FALSE. Made a macro for efficiency. */
-#define advance(f) do { ++pos; if (f && pos >= argc) beyond (); } while (0)
-#define unary_advance() do { advance (1); ++pos; } while (0)
-
-/*
- * expr:
- * or
- */
-static int
-expr ()
-{
- if (pos >= argc)
- beyond ();
-
- return (FALSE ^ or ()); /* Same with this. */
-}
-
-/*
- * or:
- * and
- * and '-o' or
- */
-static int
-or ()
-{
- int value, v2;
-
- value = and ();
- if (pos < argc && argv[pos][0] == '-' && argv[pos][1] == 'o' && !argv[pos][2])
- {
- advance (0);
- v2 = or ();
- return (value || v2);
- }
-
- return (value);
-}
-
-/*
- * and:
- * term
- * term '-a' and
- */
-static int
-and ()
-{
- int value, v2;
-
- value = term ();
- if (pos < argc && argv[pos][0] == '-' && argv[pos][1] == 'a' && !argv[pos][2])
- {
- advance (0);
- v2 = and ();
- return (value && v2);
- }
- return (value);
-}
-
-/*
- * term - parse a term and return 1 or 0 depending on whether the term
- * evaluates to true or false, respectively.
- *
- * term ::=
- * '-'('a'|'b'|'c'|'d'|'e'|'f'|'g'|'h'|'k'|'p'|'r'|'s'|'u'|'w'|'x') filename
- * '-'('G'|'L'|'O'|'S'|'N') filename
- * '-t' [int]
- * '-'('z'|'n') string
- * '-o' option
- * string
- * string ('!='|'='|'==') string
- * <int> '-'(eq|ne|le|lt|ge|gt) <int>
- * file '-'(nt|ot|ef) file
- * '(' <expr> ')'
- * int ::=
- * positive and negative integers
- */
-static int
-term ()
-{
- int value;
-
- if (pos >= argc)
- beyond ();
-
- /* Deal with leading `not's. */
- if (argv[pos][0] == '!' && argv[pos][1] == '\0')
- {
- value = 0;
- while (pos < argc && argv[pos][0] == '!' && argv[pos][1] == '\0')
- {
- advance (1);
- value = 1 - value;
- }
-
- return (value ? !term() : term());
- }
-
- /* A paren-bracketed argument. */
- if (argv[pos][0] == '(' && argv[pos][1] == '\0') /* ) */
- {
- advance (1);
- value = expr ();
- if (argv[pos] == 0) /* ( */
- test_syntax_error (_("`)' expected"), (char *)NULL);
- else if (argv[pos][0] != ')' || argv[pos][1]) /* ( */
- test_syntax_error (_("`)' expected, found %s"), argv[pos]);
- advance (0);
- return (value);
- }
-
- /* are there enough arguments left that this could be dyadic? */
- if ((pos + 3 <= argc) && test_binop (argv[pos + 1]))
- value = binary_operator ();
-
- /* Might be a switch type argument */
- else if (argv[pos][0] == '-' && argv[pos][2] == '\0')
- {
- if (test_unop (argv[pos]))
- value = unary_operator ();
- else
- test_syntax_error (_("%s: unary operator expected"), argv[pos]);
- }
- else
- {
- value = argv[pos][0] != '\0';
- advance (0);
- }
-
- return (value);
-}
-
-static int
-stat_mtime (fn, st, ts)
- char *fn;
- struct stat *st;
- struct timespec *ts;
-{
- int r;
-
- r = sh_stat (fn, st);
- if (r < 0)
- return r;
- *ts = get_stat_mtime (st);
- return 0;
-}
-
-static int
-filecomp (s, t, op)
- char *s, *t;
- int op;
-{
- struct stat st1, st2;
- struct timespec ts1, ts2;
- int r1, r2;
-
- if ((r1 = stat_mtime (s, &st1, &ts1)) < 0)
- {
- if (op == EF)
- return (FALSE);
- }
- if ((r2 = stat_mtime (t, &st2, &ts2)) < 0)
- {
- if (op == EF)
- return (FALSE);
- }
-
- switch (op)
- {
- case OT: return (r1 < r2 || (r2 == 0 && timespec_cmp (ts1, ts2) < 0));
- case NT: return (r1 > r2 || (r1 == 0 && timespec_cmp (ts1, ts2) > 0));
- case EF: return (same_file (s, t, &st1, &st2));
- }
- return (FALSE);
-}
-
-static int
-arithcomp (s, t, op, flags)
- char *s, *t;
- int op, flags;
-{
- intmax_t l, r;
- int expok;
-
- if (flags & TEST_ARITHEXP)
- {
- l = evalexp (s, &expok);
- if (expok == 0)
- return (FALSE); /* should probably longjmp here */
- r = evalexp (t, &expok);
- if (expok == 0)
- return (FALSE); /* ditto */
- }
- else
- {
- if (legal_number (s, &l) == 0)
- integer_expected_error (s);
- if (legal_number (t, &r) == 0)
- integer_expected_error (t);
- }
-
- switch (op)
- {
- case EQ: return (l == r);
- case NE: return (l != r);
- case LT: return (l < r);
- case GT: return (l > r);
- case LE: return (l <= r);
- case GE: return (l >= r);
- }
-
- return (FALSE);
-}
-
-static int
-patcomp (string, pat, op)
- char *string, *pat;
- int op;
-{
- int m;
-
- m = strmatch (pat, string, FNMATCH_EXTFLAG|FNMATCH_IGNCASE);
- return ((op == EQ) ? (m == 0) : (m != 0));
-}
-
-int
-binary_test (op, arg1, arg2, flags)
- char *op, *arg1, *arg2;
- int flags;
-{
- int patmatch;
-
- patmatch = (flags & TEST_PATMATCH);
-
- if (op[0] == '=' && (op[1] == '\0' || (op[1] == '=' && op[2] == '\0')))
- return (patmatch ? patcomp (arg1, arg2, EQ) : STREQ (arg1, arg2));
- else if ((op[0] == '>' || op[0] == '<') && op[1] == '\0')
- {
-#if defined (HAVE_STRCOLL)
- if (shell_compatibility_level > 40 && flags & TEST_LOCALE)
- return ((op[0] == '>') ? (strcoll (arg1, arg2) > 0) : (strcoll (arg1, arg2) < 0));
- else
-#endif
- return ((op[0] == '>') ? (strcmp (arg1, arg2) > 0) : (strcmp (arg1, arg2) < 0));
- }
- else if (op[0] == '!' && op[1] == '=' && op[2] == '\0')
- return (patmatch ? patcomp (arg1, arg2, NE) : (STREQ (arg1, arg2) == 0));
-
-
- else if (op[2] == 't')
- {
- switch (op[1])
- {
- case 'n': return (filecomp (arg1, arg2, NT)); /* -nt */
- case 'o': return (filecomp (arg1, arg2, OT)); /* -ot */
- case 'l': return (arithcomp (arg1, arg2, LT, flags)); /* -lt */
- case 'g': return (arithcomp (arg1, arg2, GT, flags)); /* -gt */
- }
- }
- else if (op[1] == 'e')
- {
- switch (op[2])
- {
- case 'f': return (filecomp (arg1, arg2, EF)); /* -ef */
- case 'q': return (arithcomp (arg1, arg2, EQ, flags)); /* -eq */
- }
- }
- else if (op[2] == 'e')
- {
- switch (op[1])
- {
- case 'n': return (arithcomp (arg1, arg2, NE, flags)); /* -ne */
- case 'g': return (arithcomp (arg1, arg2, GE, flags)); /* -ge */
- case 'l': return (arithcomp (arg1, arg2, LE, flags)); /* -le */
- }
- }
-
- return (FALSE); /* should never get here */
-}
-
-
-static int
-binary_operator ()
-{
- int value;
- char *w;
-
- w = argv[pos + 1];
- if ((w[0] == '=' && (w[1] == '\0' || (w[1] == '=' && w[2] == '\0'))) || /* =, == */
- ((w[0] == '>' || w[0] == '<') && w[1] == '\0') || /* <, > */
- (w[0] == '!' && w[1] == '=' && w[2] == '\0')) /* != */
- {
- value = binary_test (w, argv[pos], argv[pos + 2], 0);
- pos += 3;
- return (value);
- }
-
-#if defined (PATTERN_MATCHING)
- if ((w[0] == '=' || w[0] == '!') && w[1] == '~' && w[2] == '\0')
- {
- value = patcomp (argv[pos], argv[pos + 2], w[0] == '=' ? EQ : NE);
- pos += 3;
- return (value);
- }
-#endif
-
- if ((w[0] != '-' || w[3] != '\0') || test_binop (w) == 0)
- {
- test_syntax_error (_("%s: binary operator expected"), w);
- /* NOTREACHED */
- return (FALSE);
- }
-
- value = binary_test (w, argv[pos], argv[pos + 2], 0);
- pos += 3;
- return value;
-}
-
-static int
-unary_operator ()
-{
- char *op;
- intmax_t r;
-
- op = argv[pos];
- if (test_unop (op) == 0)
- return (FALSE);
-
- /* the only tricky case is `-t', which may or may not take an argument. */
- if (op[1] == 't')
- {
- advance (0);
- if (pos < argc)
- {
- if (legal_number (argv[pos], &r))
- {
- advance (0);
- return (unary_test (op, argv[pos - 1]));
- }
- else
- return (FALSE);
- }
- else
- return (unary_test (op, "1"));
- }
-
- /* All of the unary operators take an argument, so we first call
- unary_advance (), which checks to make sure that there is an
- argument, and then advances pos right past it. This means that
- pos - 1 is the location of the argument. */
- unary_advance ();
- return (unary_test (op, argv[pos - 1]));
-}
-
-int
-unary_test (op, arg)
- char *op, *arg;
-{
- intmax_t r;
- struct stat stat_buf;
- SHELL_VAR *v;
-
- switch (op[1])
- {
- case 'a': /* file exists in the file system? */
- case 'e':
- return (sh_stat (arg, &stat_buf) == 0);
-
- case 'r': /* file is readable? */
- return (sh_eaccess (arg, R_OK) == 0);
-
- case 'w': /* File is writeable? */
- return (sh_eaccess (arg, W_OK) == 0);
-
- case 'x': /* File is executable? */
- return (sh_eaccess (arg, X_OK) == 0);
-
- case 'O': /* File is owned by you? */
- return (sh_stat (arg, &stat_buf) == 0 &&
- (uid_t) current_user.euid == (uid_t) stat_buf.st_uid);
-
- case 'G': /* File is owned by your group? */
- return (sh_stat (arg, &stat_buf) == 0 &&
- (gid_t) current_user.egid == (gid_t) stat_buf.st_gid);
-
- case 'N':
- return (sh_stat (arg, &stat_buf) == 0 &&
- stat_buf.st_atime <= stat_buf.st_mtime);
-
- case 'f': /* File is a file? */
- if (sh_stat (arg, &stat_buf) < 0)
- return (FALSE);
-
- /* -f is true if the given file exists and is a regular file. */
-#if defined (S_IFMT)
- return (S_ISREG (stat_buf.st_mode) || (stat_buf.st_mode & S_IFMT) == 0);
-#else
- return (S_ISREG (stat_buf.st_mode));
-#endif /* !S_IFMT */
-
- case 'd': /* File is a directory? */
- return (sh_stat (arg, &stat_buf) == 0 && (S_ISDIR (stat_buf.st_mode)));
-
- case 's': /* File has something in it? */
- return (sh_stat (arg, &stat_buf) == 0 && stat_buf.st_size > (off_t) 0);
-
- case 'S': /* File is a socket? */
-#if !defined (S_ISSOCK)
- return (FALSE);
-#else
- return (sh_stat (arg, &stat_buf) == 0 && S_ISSOCK (stat_buf.st_mode));
-#endif /* S_ISSOCK */
-
- case 'c': /* File is character special? */
- return (sh_stat (arg, &stat_buf) == 0 && S_ISCHR (stat_buf.st_mode));
-
- case 'b': /* File is block special? */
- return (sh_stat (arg, &stat_buf) == 0 && S_ISBLK (stat_buf.st_mode));
-
- case 'p': /* File is a named pipe? */
-#ifndef S_ISFIFO
- return (FALSE);
-#else
- return (sh_stat (arg, &stat_buf) == 0 && S_ISFIFO (stat_buf.st_mode));
-#endif /* S_ISFIFO */
-
- case 'L': /* Same as -h */
- case 'h': /* File is a symbolic link? */
-#if !defined (S_ISLNK) || !defined (HAVE_LSTAT)
- return (FALSE);
-#else
- return ((arg[0] != '\0') &&
- (lstat (arg, &stat_buf) == 0) && S_ISLNK (stat_buf.st_mode));
-#endif /* S_IFLNK && HAVE_LSTAT */
-
- case 'u': /* File is setuid? */
- return (sh_stat (arg, &stat_buf) == 0 && (stat_buf.st_mode & S_ISUID) != 0);
-
- case 'g': /* File is setgid? */
- return (sh_stat (arg, &stat_buf) == 0 && (stat_buf.st_mode & S_ISGID) != 0);
-
- case 'k': /* File has sticky bit set? */
-#if !defined (S_ISVTX)
- /* This is not Posix, and is not defined on some Posix systems. */
- return (FALSE);
-#else
- return (sh_stat (arg, &stat_buf) == 0 && (stat_buf.st_mode & S_ISVTX) != 0);
-#endif
-
- case 't': /* File fd is a terminal? */
- if (legal_number (arg, &r) == 0)
- return (FALSE);
- return ((r == (int)r) && isatty ((int)r));
-
- case 'n': /* True if arg has some length. */
- return (arg[0] != '\0');
-
- case 'z': /* True if arg has no length. */
- return (arg[0] == '\0');
-
- case 'o': /* True if option `arg' is set. */
- return (minus_o_option_value (arg) == 1);
-
- case 'v':
- v = find_variable (arg);
-#if defined (ARRAY_VARS)
- if (v == 0 && valid_array_reference (arg))
- {
- char *t;
- t = array_value (arg, 0, 0, (int *)0, (arrayind_t *)0);
- return (t ? TRUE : FALSE);
- }
- else if (v && invisible_p (v) == 0 && array_p (v))
- {
- char *t;
- /* [[ -v foo ]] == [[ -v foo[0] ]] */
- t = array_reference (array_cell (v), 0);
- return (t ? TRUE : FALSE);
- }
- else if (v && invisible_p (v) == 0 && assoc_p (v))
- {
- char *t;
- t = assoc_reference (assoc_cell (v), "0");
- return (t ? TRUE : FALSE);
- }
-#endif
- return (v && invisible_p (v) == 0 && var_isset (v) ? TRUE : FALSE);
-
- case 'R':
- v = find_variable (arg);
- return ((v && invisible_p (v) == 0 && var_isset (v) && nameref_p (v)) ? TRUE : FALSE);
- }
-
- /* We can't actually get here, but this shuts up gcc. */
- return (FALSE);
-}
-
-/* Return TRUE if OP is one of the test command's binary operators. */
-int
-test_binop (op)
- char *op;
-{
- if (op[0] == '=' && op[1] == '\0')
- return (1); /* '=' */
- else if ((op[0] == '<' || op[0] == '>') && op[1] == '\0') /* string <, > */
- return (1);
- else if ((op[0] == '=' || op[0] == '!') && op[1] == '=' && op[2] == '\0')
- return (1); /* `==' and `!=' */
-#if defined (PATTERN_MATCHING)
- else if (op[2] == '\0' && op[1] == '~' && (op[0] == '=' || op[0] == '!'))
- return (1);
-#endif
- else if (op[0] != '-' || op[2] == '\0' || op[3] != '\0')
- return (0);
- else
- {
- if (op[2] == 't')
- switch (op[1])
- {
- case 'n': /* -nt */
- case 'o': /* -ot */
- case 'l': /* -lt */
- case 'g': /* -gt */
- return (1);
- default:
- return (0);
- }
- else if (op[1] == 'e')
- switch (op[2])
- {
- case 'q': /* -eq */
- case 'f': /* -ef */
- return (1);
- default:
- return (0);
- }
- else if (op[2] == 'e')
- switch (op[1])
- {
- case 'n': /* -ne */
- case 'g': /* -ge */
- case 'l': /* -le */
- return (1);
- default:
- return (0);
- }
- else
- return (0);
- }
-}
-
-/* Return non-zero if OP is one of the test command's unary operators. */
-int
-test_unop (op)
- char *op;
-{
- if (op[0] != '-' || op[2] != 0)
- return (0);
-
- switch (op[1])
- {
- case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e':
- case 'f': case 'g': case 'h': case 'k': case 'n':
- case 'o': case 'p': case 'r': case 's': case 't':
- case 'u': case 'v': case 'w': case 'x': case 'z':
- case 'G': case 'L': case 'O': case 'S': case 'N':
- case 'R':
- return (1);
- }
-
- return (0);
-}
-
-static int
-two_arguments ()
-{
- if (argv[pos][0] == '!' && argv[pos][1] == '\0')
- return (argv[pos + 1][0] == '\0');
- else if (argv[pos][0] == '-' && argv[pos][2] == '\0')
- {
- if (test_unop (argv[pos]))
- return (unary_operator ());
- else
- test_syntax_error (_("%s: unary operator expected"), argv[pos]);
- }
- else
- test_syntax_error (_("%s: unary operator expected"), argv[pos]);
-
- return (0);
-}
-
-#define ANDOR(s) (s[0] == '-' && !s[2] && (s[1] == 'a' || s[1] == 'o'))
-
-/* This could be augmented to handle `-t' as equivalent to `-t 1', but
- POSIX requires that `-t' be given an argument. */
-#define ONE_ARG_TEST(s) ((s)[0] != '\0')
-
-static int
-three_arguments ()
-{
- int value;
-
- if (test_binop (argv[pos+1]))
- {
- value = binary_operator ();
- pos = argc;
- }
- else if (ANDOR (argv[pos+1]))
- {
- if (argv[pos+1][1] == 'a')
- value = ONE_ARG_TEST(argv[pos]) && ONE_ARG_TEST(argv[pos+2]);
- else
- value = ONE_ARG_TEST(argv[pos]) || ONE_ARG_TEST(argv[pos+2]);
- pos = argc;
- }
- else if (argv[pos][0] == '!' && argv[pos][1] == '\0')
- {
- advance (1);
- value = !two_arguments ();
- }
- else if (argv[pos][0] == '(' && argv[pos+2][0] == ')')
- {
- value = ONE_ARG_TEST(argv[pos+1]);
- pos = argc;
- }
- else
- test_syntax_error (_("%s: binary operator expected"), argv[pos+1]);
-
- return (value);
-}
-
-/* This is an implementation of a Posix.2 proposal by David Korn. */
-static int
-posixtest ()
-{
- int value;
-
- switch (argc - 1) /* one extra passed in */
- {
- case 0:
- value = FALSE;
- pos = argc;
- break;
-
- case 1:
- value = ONE_ARG_TEST(argv[1]);
- pos = argc;
- break;
-
- case 2:
- value = two_arguments ();
- pos = argc;
- break;
-
- case 3:
- value = three_arguments ();
- break;
-
- case 4:
- if (argv[pos][0] == '!' && argv[pos][1] == '\0')
- {
- advance (1);
- value = !three_arguments ();
- break;
- }
- /* FALLTHROUGH */
- default:
- value = expr ();
- }
-
- return (value);
-}
-
-/*
- * [:
- * '[' expr ']'
- * test:
- * test expr
- */
-int
-test_command (margc, margv)
- int margc;
- char **margv;
-{
- int value;
- int code;
-
- USE_VAR(margc);
-
- code = setjmp_nosigs (test_exit_buf);
-
- if (code)
- return (test_error_return);
-
- argv = margv;
-
- if (margv[0] && margv[0][0] == '[' && margv[0][1] == '\0')
- {
- --margc;
-
- if (margv[margc] && (margv[margc][0] != ']' || margv[margc][1]))
- test_syntax_error (_("missing `]'"), (char *)NULL);
-
- if (margc < 2)
- test_exit (SHELL_BOOLEAN (FALSE));
- }
-
- argc = margc;
- pos = 1;
-
- if (pos >= argc)
- test_exit (SHELL_BOOLEAN (FALSE));
-
- noeval = 0;
- value = posixtest ();
-
- if (pos != argc)
- test_syntax_error (_("too many arguments"), (char *)NULL);
-
- test_exit (SHELL_BOOLEAN (value));
-}
+++ /dev/null
-:; ./shx
-
-sh:
-<&$fd ok
-nlbq Mon Aug 3 02:45:00 EDT 1992
-bang geoff
-quote 712824302
-setbq defmsgid=<1992Aug3.024502.6176@host>
-bgwait sleep done... wait 6187
-
-
-bash:
-<&$fd ok
-nlbq Mon Aug 3 02:45:09 EDT 1992
-bang geoff
-quote 712824311
-setbq defmsgid=<1992Aug3.024512.6212@host>
-bgwait sleep done... wait 6223
-
-
-ash:
-<&$fd shx1: 4: Syntax error: Bad fd number
-nlbq Mon Aug 3 02:45:19 EDT 1992
-bang geoff
-quote getdate: `"now"' not a valid date
-
-setbq defmsgid=<1992Aug3.` echo 024521
-bgwait sleep done... wait 6241
-
-
-ksh:
-<&$fd ok
-nlbq ./shx: 6248 Memory fault - core dumped
-bang geoff
-quote getdate: `"now"' not a valid date
-
-setbq defmsgid=<1992Aug3.024530.6257@host>
-bgwait no such job: 6265
-wait 6265
-sleep done...
-
-zsh:
-<&$fd ok
-nlbq Mon Aug 3 02:45:36 EDT 1992
-bang shx3: event not found: /s/ [4]
-quote 712824337
-setbq defmsgid=<..6290@host>
-bgwait shx7: unmatched " [9]
-sleep done...
-:;
+++ /dev/null
-#! /bin/sh
-for cmd in sh bash ash ksh zsh
-do
- echo
- echo $cmd:
- for demo in shx?
- do
- $cmd $demo
- done
-done
projects / thirdparty / bash.git / commitdiff
