[thirdparty/binutils-gdb.git] / gdb / solib-svr4.c

/* Handle SVR4 shared libraries for GDB, the GNU Debugger.

   Copyright (C) 1990-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   This file is part of GDB.

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

#include "defs.h"

#include "elf/external.h"
#include "elf/common.h"
#include "elf/mips.h"

#include "symtab.h"
#include "bfd.h"
#include "symfile.h"
#include "objfiles.h"
#include "gdbcore.h"
#include "target.h"
#include "inferior.h"
#include "infrun.h"
#include "regcache.h"
#include "gdbthread.h"
#include "observable.h"

#include "solist.h"
#include "solib.h"
#include "solib-svr4.h"

#include "bfd-target.h"
#include "elf-bfd.h"
#include "exec.h"
#include "auxv.h"
#include "gdb_bfd.h"
#include "probe.h"

#include <map>

static struct link_map_offsets *svr4_fetch_link_map_offsets (void);
static int svr4_have_link_map_offsets (void);
static void svr4_relocate_main_executable (void);
static void svr4_free_library_list (so_list *solist);
static void probes_table_remove_objfile_probes (struct objfile *objfile);
static void svr4_iterate_over_objfiles_in_search_order
  (gdbarch *gdbarch, iterate_over_objfiles_in_search_order_cb_ftype cb,
   objfile *current_objfile);


/* On SVR4 systems, a list of symbols in the dynamic linker where
   GDB can try to place a breakpoint to monitor shared library
   events.

   If none of these symbols are found, or other errors occur, then
   SVR4 systems will fall back to using a symbol as the "startup
   mapping complete" breakpoint address.  */

static const char * const solib_break_names[] =
{
  "r_debug_state",
  "_r_debug_state",
  "_dl_debug_state",
  "rtld_db_dlactivity",
  "__dl_rtld_db_dlactivity",
  "_rtld_debug_state",

  NULL
};

static const char * const bkpt_names[] =
{
  "_start",
  "__start",
  "main",
  NULL
};

static const  char * const main_name_list[] =
{
  "main_$main",
  NULL
};

/* What to do when a probe stop occurs.  */

enum probe_action
{
  /* Something went seriously wrong.  Stop using probes and
     revert to using the older interface.  */
  PROBES_INTERFACE_FAILED,

  /* No action is required.  The shared object list is still
     valid.  */
  DO_NOTHING,

  /* The shared object list should be reloaded entirely.  */
  FULL_RELOAD,

  /* Attempt to incrementally update the shared object list. If
     the update fails or is not possible, fall back to reloading
     the list in full.  */
  UPDATE_OR_RELOAD,
};

/* A probe's name and its associated action.  */

struct probe_info
{
  /* The name of the probe.  */
  const char *name;

  /* What to do when a probe stop occurs.  */
  enum probe_action action;
};

/* A list of named probes and their associated actions.  If all
   probes are present in the dynamic linker then the probes-based
   interface will be used.  */

static const struct probe_info probe_info[] =
{
  { "init_start", DO_NOTHING },
  { "init_complete", FULL_RELOAD },
  { "map_start", DO_NOTHING },
  { "map_failed", DO_NOTHING },
  { "reloc_complete", UPDATE_OR_RELOAD },
  { "unmap_start", DO_NOTHING },
  { "unmap_complete", FULL_RELOAD },
};

#define NUM_PROBES ARRAY_SIZE (probe_info)

/* Return non-zero if GDB_SO_NAME and INFERIOR_SO_NAME represent
   the same shared library.  */

static int
svr4_same_1 (const char *gdb_so_name, const char *inferior_so_name)
{
  if (strcmp (gdb_so_name, inferior_so_name) == 0)
    return 1;

  /* On Solaris, when starting inferior we think that dynamic linker is
     /usr/lib/ld.so.1, but later on, the table of loaded shared libraries
     contains /lib/ld.so.1.  Sometimes one file is a link to another, but
     sometimes they have identical content, but are not linked to each
     other.  We don't restrict this check for Solaris, but the chances
     of running into this situation elsewhere are very low.  */
  if (strcmp (gdb_so_name, "/usr/lib/ld.so.1") == 0
      && strcmp (inferior_so_name, "/lib/ld.so.1") == 0)
    return 1;

  /* Similarly, we observed the same issue with amd64 and sparcv9, but with
     different locations.  */
  if (strcmp (gdb_so_name, "/usr/lib/amd64/ld.so.1") == 0
      && strcmp (inferior_so_name, "/lib/amd64/ld.so.1") == 0)
    return 1;

  if (strcmp (gdb_so_name, "/usr/lib/sparcv9/ld.so.1") == 0
      && strcmp (inferior_so_name, "/lib/sparcv9/ld.so.1") == 0)
    return 1;

  return 0;
}

static int
svr4_same (struct so_list *gdb, struct so_list *inferior)
{
  if (!svr4_same_1 (gdb->so_original_name, inferior->so_original_name))
    return false;

  /* There may be different instances of the same library, in different
     namespaces.  Each instance, however, must have been loaded at a
     different address so its relocation offset would be different.  */
  const lm_info_svr4 *lmg = (const lm_info_svr4 *) gdb->lm_info;
  const lm_info_svr4 *lmi = (const lm_info_svr4 *) inferior->lm_info;

  return (lmg->l_addr_inferior == lmi->l_addr_inferior);
}

static std::unique_ptr<lm_info_svr4>
lm_info_read (CORE_ADDR lm_addr)
{
  struct link_map_offsets *lmo = svr4_fetch_link_map_offsets ();
  std::unique_ptr<lm_info_svr4> lm_info;

  gdb::byte_vector lm (lmo->link_map_size);

  if (target_read_memory (lm_addr, lm.data (), lmo->link_map_size) != 0)
    warning (_("Error reading shared library list entry at %s"),
             paddress (target_gdbarch (), lm_addr));
  else
    {
      struct type *ptr_type = builtin_type (target_gdbarch ())->builtin_data_ptr;

      lm_info.reset (new lm_info_svr4);
      lm_info->lm_addr = lm_addr;

      lm_info->l_addr_inferior = extract_typed_address (&lm[lmo->l_addr_offset],
                                                        ptr_type);
      lm_info->l_ld = extract_typed_address (&lm[lmo->l_ld_offset], ptr_type);
      lm_info->l_next = extract_typed_address (&lm[lmo->l_next_offset],
                                               ptr_type);
      lm_info->l_prev = extract_typed_address (&lm[lmo->l_prev_offset],
                                               ptr_type);
      lm_info->l_name = extract_typed_address (&lm[lmo->l_name_offset],
                                               ptr_type);
    }

  return lm_info;
}

static int
has_lm_dynamic_from_link_map (void)
{
  struct link_map_offsets *lmo = svr4_fetch_link_map_offsets ();

  return lmo->l_ld_offset >= 0;
}

static CORE_ADDR
lm_addr_check (const struct so_list *so, bfd *abfd)
{
  lm_info_svr4 *li = (lm_info_svr4 *) so->lm_info;

  if (!li->l_addr_p)
    {
      struct bfd_section *dyninfo_sect;
      CORE_ADDR l_addr, l_dynaddr, dynaddr;

      l_addr = li->l_addr_inferior;

      if (! abfd || ! has_lm_dynamic_from_link_map ())
        goto set_addr;

      l_dynaddr = li->l_ld;

      dyninfo_sect = bfd_get_section_by_name (abfd, ".dynamic");
      if (dyninfo_sect == NULL)
        goto set_addr;

      dynaddr = bfd_section_vma (dyninfo_sect);

      if (dynaddr + l_addr != l_dynaddr)
        {
          CORE_ADDR align = 0x1000;
          CORE_ADDR minpagesize = align;

          if (bfd_get_flavour (abfd) == bfd_target_elf_flavour)
            {
              Elf_Internal_Ehdr *ehdr = elf_tdata (abfd)->elf_header;
              Elf_Internal_Phdr *phdr = elf_tdata (abfd)->phdr;
              int i;

              align = 1;

              for (i = 0; i < ehdr->e_phnum; i++)
                if (phdr[i].p_type == PT_LOAD && phdr[i].p_align > align)
                  align = phdr[i].p_align;

              minpagesize = get_elf_backend_data (abfd)->minpagesize;
            }

          /* Turn it into a mask.  */
          align--;

          /* If the changes match the alignment requirements, we
             assume we're using a core file that was generated by the
             same binary, just prelinked with a different base offset.
             If it doesn't match, we may have a different binary, the
             same binary with the dynamic table loaded at an unrelated
             location, or anything, really.  To avoid regressions,
             don't adjust the base offset in the latter case, although
             odds are that, if things really changed, debugging won't
             quite work.

             One could expect more the condition
               ((l_addr & align) == 0 && ((l_dynaddr - dynaddr) & align) == 0)
             but the one below is relaxed for PPC.  The PPC kernel supports
             either 4k or 64k page sizes.  To be prepared for 64k pages,
             PPC ELF files are built using an alignment requirement of 64k.
             However, when running on a kernel supporting 4k pages, the memory
             mapping of the library may not actually happen on a 64k boundary!

             (In the usual case where (l_addr & align) == 0, this check is
             equivalent to the possibly expected check above.)

             Even on PPC it must be zero-aligned at least for MINPAGESIZE.  */

          l_addr = l_dynaddr - dynaddr;

          if ((l_addr & (minpagesize - 1)) == 0
              && (l_addr & align) == ((l_dynaddr - dynaddr) & align))
            {
              if (info_verbose)
                gdb_printf (_("Using PIC (Position Independent Code) "
                              "prelink displacement %s for \"%s\".\n"),
                            paddress (target_gdbarch (), l_addr),
                            so->so_name);
            }
          else
            {
              /* There is no way to verify the library file matches.  prelink
                 can during prelinking of an unprelinked file (or unprelinking
                 of a prelinked file) shift the DYNAMIC segment by arbitrary
                 offset without any page size alignment.  There is no way to
                 find out the ELF header and/or Program Headers for a limited
                 verification if it they match.  One could do a verification
                 of the DYNAMIC segment.  Still the found address is the best
                 one GDB could find.  */

              warning (_(".dynamic section for \"%s\" "
                         "is not at the expected address "
                         "(wrong library or version mismatch?)"), so->so_name);
            }
        }

    set_addr:
      li->l_addr = l_addr;
      li->l_addr_p = 1;
    }

  return li->l_addr;
}

/* Per pspace SVR4 specific data.  */

struct svr4_info
{
  svr4_info () = default;
  ~svr4_info ();

  /* Base of dynamic linker structures in default namespace.  */
  CORE_ADDR debug_base = 0;

  /* Validity flag for debug_loader_offset.  */
  int debug_loader_offset_p = 0;

  /* Load address for the dynamic linker, inferred.  */
  CORE_ADDR debug_loader_offset = 0;

  /* Name of the dynamic linker, valid if debug_loader_offset_p.  */
  char *debug_loader_name = nullptr;

  /* Load map address for the main executable in default namespace.  */
  CORE_ADDR main_lm_addr = 0;

  CORE_ADDR interp_text_sect_low = 0;
  CORE_ADDR interp_text_sect_high = 0;
  CORE_ADDR interp_plt_sect_low = 0;
  CORE_ADDR interp_plt_sect_high = 0;

  /* True if the list of objects was last obtained from the target
     via qXfer:libraries-svr4:read.  */
  bool using_xfer = false;

  /* Table of struct probe_and_action instances, used by the
     probes-based interface to map breakpoint addresses to probes
     and their associated actions.  Lookup is performed using
     probe_and_action->prob->address.  */
  htab_up probes_table;

  /* List of objects loaded into the inferior per namespace, used by the
     probes-based interface.

     The namespace is represented by the address of its corresponding
     r_debug[_ext] object.  We get the namespace id as agrument to the
     'reloc_complete' probe but we don't get it when scanning the load map
     on attach.

     The r_debug[_ext] objects may move when ld.so itself moves.  In that
     case, we expect also the global _r_debug to move so we can detect
     this and reload everything.  The r_debug[_ext] objects are not
     expected to move individually.

     The special entry zero is reserved for a linear list to support
     gdbstubs that do not support namespaces.  */
  std::map<CORE_ADDR, so_list *> solib_lists;
};

/* Per-program-space data key.  */
static const registry<program_space>::key<svr4_info> solib_svr4_pspace_data;

/* Return whether DEBUG_BASE is the default namespace of INFO.  */

static bool
svr4_is_default_namespace (const svr4_info *info, CORE_ADDR debug_base)
{
  return (debug_base == info->debug_base);
}

/* Free the probes table.  */

static void
free_probes_table (struct svr4_info *info)
{
  info->probes_table.reset (nullptr);
}

/* Free the solib lists for all namespaces.  */

static void
free_solib_lists (svr4_info *info)
{
  for (const std::pair<CORE_ADDR, so_list *> tuple
         : info->solib_lists)
    svr4_free_library_list (tuple.second);

  info->solib_lists.clear ();
}

svr4_info::~svr4_info ()
{
  free_solib_lists (this);
}

/* Get the svr4 data for program space PSPACE.  If none is found yet, add it now.
   This function always returns a valid object.  */

static struct svr4_info *
get_svr4_info (program_space *pspace)
{
  struct svr4_info *info = solib_svr4_pspace_data.get (pspace);

  if (info == NULL)
    info = solib_svr4_pspace_data.emplace (pspace);

  return info;
}

/* Local function prototypes */

static int match_main (const char *);

/* Read program header TYPE from inferior memory.  The header is found
   by scanning the OS auxiliary vector.

   If TYPE == -1, return the program headers instead of the contents of
   one program header.

   Return vector of bytes holding the program header contents, or an empty
   optional on failure.  If successful and P_ARCH_SIZE is non-NULL, the target
   architecture size (32-bit or 64-bit) is returned to *P_ARCH_SIZE.  Likewise,
   the base address of the section is returned in *BASE_ADDR.  */

static gdb::optional<gdb::byte_vector>
read_program_header (int type, int *p_arch_size, CORE_ADDR *base_addr)
{
  enum bfd_endian byte_order = gdbarch_byte_order (target_gdbarch ());
  CORE_ADDR at_phdr, at_phent, at_phnum, pt_phdr = 0;
  int arch_size, sect_size;
  CORE_ADDR sect_addr;
  int pt_phdr_p = 0;

  /* Get required auxv elements from target.  */
  if (target_auxv_search (AT_PHDR, &at_phdr) <= 0)
    return {};
  if (target_auxv_search (AT_PHENT, &at_phent) <= 0)
    return {};
  if (target_auxv_search (AT_PHNUM, &at_phnum) <= 0)
    return {};
  if (!at_phdr || !at_phnum)
    return {};

  /* Determine ELF architecture type.  */
  if (at_phent == sizeof (Elf32_External_Phdr))
    arch_size = 32;
  else if (at_phent == sizeof (Elf64_External_Phdr))
    arch_size = 64;
  else
    return {};

  /* Find the requested segment.  */
  if (type == -1)
    {
      sect_addr = at_phdr;
      sect_size = at_phent * at_phnum;
    }
  else if (arch_size == 32)
    {
      Elf32_External_Phdr phdr;
      int i;

      /* Search for requested PHDR.  */
      for (i = 0; i < at_phnum; i++)
        {
          int p_type;

          if (target_read_memory (at_phdr + i * sizeof (phdr),
                                  (gdb_byte *)&phdr, sizeof (phdr)))
            return {};

          p_type = extract_unsigned_integer ((gdb_byte *) phdr.p_type,
                                             4, byte_order);

          if (p_type == PT_PHDR)
            {
              pt_phdr_p = 1;
              pt_phdr = extract_unsigned_integer ((gdb_byte *) phdr.p_vaddr,
                                                  4, byte_order);
            }

          if (p_type == type)
            break;
        }

      if (i == at_phnum)
        return {};

      /* Retrieve address and size.  */
      sect_addr = extract_unsigned_integer ((gdb_byte *)phdr.p_vaddr,
                                            4, byte_order);
      sect_size = extract_unsigned_integer ((gdb_byte *)phdr.p_memsz,
                                            4, byte_order);
    }
  else
    {
      Elf64_External_Phdr phdr;
      int i;

      /* Search for requested PHDR.  */
      for (i = 0; i < at_phnum; i++)
        {
          int p_type;

          if (target_read_memory (at_phdr + i * sizeof (phdr),
                                  (gdb_byte *)&phdr, sizeof (phdr)))
            return {};

          p_type = extract_unsigned_integer ((gdb_byte *) phdr.p_type,
                                             4, byte_order);

          if (p_type == PT_PHDR)
            {
              pt_phdr_p = 1;
              pt_phdr = extract_unsigned_integer ((gdb_byte *) phdr.p_vaddr,
                                                  8, byte_order);
            }

          if (p_type == type)
            break;
        }

      if (i == at_phnum)
        return {};

      /* Retrieve address and size.  */
      sect_addr = extract_unsigned_integer ((gdb_byte *)phdr.p_vaddr,
                                            8, byte_order);
      sect_size = extract_unsigned_integer ((gdb_byte *)phdr.p_memsz,
                                            8, byte_order);
    }

  /* PT_PHDR is optional, but we really need it
     for PIE to make this work in general.  */

  if (pt_phdr_p)
    {
      /* at_phdr is real address in memory. pt_phdr is what pheader says it is.
         Relocation offset is the difference between the two. */
      sect_addr = sect_addr + (at_phdr - pt_phdr);
    }

  /* Read in requested program header.  */
  gdb::byte_vector buf (sect_size);
  if (target_read_memory (sect_addr, buf.data (), sect_size))
    return {};

  if (p_arch_size)
    *p_arch_size = arch_size;
  if (base_addr)
    *base_addr = sect_addr;

  return buf;
}


/* Return program interpreter string.  */
static gdb::optional<gdb::byte_vector>
find_program_interpreter (void)
{
  /* If we have a current exec_bfd, use its section table.  */
  if (current_program_space->exec_bfd ()
      && (bfd_get_flavour (current_program_space->exec_bfd ())
          == bfd_target_elf_flavour))
   {
     struct bfd_section *interp_sect;

     interp_sect = bfd_get_section_by_name (current_program_space->exec_bfd (),
                                            ".interp");
     if (interp_sect != NULL)
      {
        int sect_size = bfd_section_size (interp_sect);

        gdb::byte_vector buf (sect_size);
        bool res
          = bfd_get_section_contents (current_program_space->exec_bfd (),
                                      interp_sect, buf.data (), 0, sect_size);
        if (res)
          return buf;
      }
   }

  /* If we didn't find it, use the target auxiliary vector.  */
  return read_program_header (PT_INTERP, NULL, NULL);
}


/* Scan for DESIRED_DYNTAG in .dynamic section of the target's main executable,
   found by consulting the OS auxillary vector.  If DESIRED_DYNTAG is found, 1
   is returned and the corresponding PTR is set.  */

static int
scan_dyntag_auxv (const int desired_dyntag, CORE_ADDR *ptr,
                  CORE_ADDR *ptr_addr)
{
  enum bfd_endian byte_order = gdbarch_byte_order (target_gdbarch ());
  int arch_size, step;
  long current_dyntag;
  CORE_ADDR dyn_ptr;
  CORE_ADDR base_addr;

  /* Read in .dynamic section.  */
  gdb::optional<gdb::byte_vector> ph_data
    = read_program_header (PT_DYNAMIC, &arch_size, &base_addr);
  if (!ph_data)
    return 0;

  /* Iterate over BUF and scan for DYNTAG.  If found, set PTR and return.  */
  step = (arch_size == 32) ? sizeof (Elf32_External_Dyn)
                           : sizeof (Elf64_External_Dyn);
  for (gdb_byte *buf = ph_data->data (), *bufend = buf + ph_data->size ();
       buf < bufend; buf += step)
  {
    if (arch_size == 32)
      {
        Elf32_External_Dyn *dynp = (Elf32_External_Dyn *) buf;

        current_dyntag = extract_unsigned_integer ((gdb_byte *) dynp->d_tag,
                                            4, byte_order);
        dyn_ptr = extract_unsigned_integer ((gdb_byte *) dynp->d_un.d_ptr,
                                            4, byte_order);
      }
    else
      {
        Elf64_External_Dyn *dynp = (Elf64_External_Dyn *) buf;

        current_dyntag = extract_unsigned_integer ((gdb_byte *) dynp->d_tag,
                                            8, byte_order);
        dyn_ptr = extract_unsigned_integer ((gdb_byte *) dynp->d_un.d_ptr,
                                            8, byte_order);
      }
    if (current_dyntag == DT_NULL)
      break;

    if (current_dyntag == desired_dyntag)
      {
        if (ptr)
          *ptr = dyn_ptr;

        if (ptr_addr)
          *ptr_addr = base_addr + buf - ph_data->data ();

        return 1;
      }
  }

  return 0;
}

/* Locate the base address of dynamic linker structs for SVR4 elf
   targets.

   For SVR4 elf targets the address of the dynamic linker's runtime
   structure is contained within the dynamic info section in the
   executable file.  The dynamic section is also mapped into the
   inferior address space.  Because the runtime loader fills in the
   real address before starting the inferior, we have to read in the
   dynamic info section from the inferior address space.
   If there are any errors while trying to find the address, we
   silently return 0, otherwise the found address is returned.  */

static CORE_ADDR
elf_locate_base (void)
{
  struct bound_minimal_symbol msymbol;
  CORE_ADDR dyn_ptr, dyn_ptr_addr;

  if (!svr4_have_link_map_offsets ())
    return 0;

  /* Look for DT_MIPS_RLD_MAP first.  MIPS executables use this
     instead of DT_DEBUG, although they sometimes contain an unused
     DT_DEBUG.  */
  if (gdb_bfd_scan_elf_dyntag (DT_MIPS_RLD_MAP,
                               current_program_space->exec_bfd (),
                               &dyn_ptr, NULL)
      || scan_dyntag_auxv (DT_MIPS_RLD_MAP, &dyn_ptr, NULL))
    {
      struct type *ptr_type = builtin_type (target_gdbarch ())->builtin_data_ptr;
      gdb_byte *pbuf;
      int pbuf_size = ptr_type->length ();

      pbuf = (gdb_byte *) alloca (pbuf_size);
      /* DT_MIPS_RLD_MAP contains a pointer to the address
         of the dynamic link structure.  */
      if (target_read_memory (dyn_ptr, pbuf, pbuf_size))
        return 0;
      return extract_typed_address (pbuf, ptr_type);
    }

  /* Then check DT_MIPS_RLD_MAP_REL.  MIPS executables now use this form
     because of needing to support PIE.  DT_MIPS_RLD_MAP will also exist
     in non-PIE.  */
  if (gdb_bfd_scan_elf_dyntag (DT_MIPS_RLD_MAP_REL,
                               current_program_space->exec_bfd (),
                               &dyn_ptr, &dyn_ptr_addr)
      || scan_dyntag_auxv (DT_MIPS_RLD_MAP_REL, &dyn_ptr, &dyn_ptr_addr))
    {
      struct type *ptr_type = builtin_type (target_gdbarch ())->builtin_data_ptr;
      gdb_byte *pbuf;
      int pbuf_size = ptr_type->length ();

      pbuf = (gdb_byte *) alloca (pbuf_size);
      /* DT_MIPS_RLD_MAP_REL contains an offset from the address of the
         DT slot to the address of the dynamic link structure.  */
      if (target_read_memory (dyn_ptr + dyn_ptr_addr, pbuf, pbuf_size))
        return 0;
      return extract_typed_address (pbuf, ptr_type);
    }

  /* Find DT_DEBUG.  */
  if (gdb_bfd_scan_elf_dyntag (DT_DEBUG, current_program_space->exec_bfd (),
                               &dyn_ptr, NULL)
      || scan_dyntag_auxv (DT_DEBUG, &dyn_ptr, NULL))
    return dyn_ptr;

  /* This may be a static executable.  Look for the symbol
     conventionally named _r_debug, as a last resort.  */
  msymbol = lookup_minimal_symbol ("_r_debug", NULL,
                                   current_program_space->symfile_object_file);
  if (msymbol.minsym != NULL)
    return msymbol.value_address ();

  /* DT_DEBUG entry not found.  */
  return 0;
}

/* Find the first element in the inferior's dynamic link map, and
   return its address in the inferior.  Return zero if the address
   could not be determined.

   FIXME: Perhaps we should validate the info somehow, perhaps by
   checking r_version for a known version number, or r_state for
   RT_CONSISTENT.  */

static CORE_ADDR
solib_svr4_r_map (CORE_ADDR debug_base)
{
  struct link_map_offsets *lmo = svr4_fetch_link_map_offsets ();
  struct type *ptr_type = builtin_type (target_gdbarch ())->builtin_data_ptr;
  CORE_ADDR addr = 0;

  try
    {
      addr = read_memory_typed_address (debug_base + lmo->r_map_offset,
                                        ptr_type);
    }
  catch (const gdb_exception_error &ex)
    {
      exception_print (gdb_stderr, ex);
    }

  return addr;
}

/* Find r_brk from the inferior's debug base.  */

static CORE_ADDR
solib_svr4_r_brk (struct svr4_info *info)
{
  struct link_map_offsets *lmo = svr4_fetch_link_map_offsets ();
  struct type *ptr_type = builtin_type (target_gdbarch ())->builtin_data_ptr;

  return read_memory_typed_address (info->debug_base + lmo->r_brk_offset,
                                    ptr_type);
}

/* Find the link map for the dynamic linker (if it is not in the
   normal list of loaded shared objects).  */

static CORE_ADDR
solib_svr4_r_ldsomap (struct svr4_info *info)
{
  struct link_map_offsets *lmo = svr4_fetch_link_map_offsets ();
  struct type *ptr_type = builtin_type (target_gdbarch ())->builtin_data_ptr;
  enum bfd_endian byte_order = type_byte_order (ptr_type);
  ULONGEST version = 0;

  try
    {
      /* Check version, and return zero if `struct r_debug' doesn't have
         the r_ldsomap member.  */
      version
        = read_memory_unsigned_integer (info->debug_base + lmo->r_version_offset,
                                        lmo->r_version_size, byte_order);
    }
  catch (const gdb_exception_error &ex)
    {
      exception_print (gdb_stderr, ex);
    }

  if (version < 2 || lmo->r_ldsomap_offset == -1)
    return 0;

  return read_memory_typed_address (info->debug_base + lmo->r_ldsomap_offset,
                                    ptr_type);
}

/* Find the next namespace from the r_next field.  */

static CORE_ADDR
solib_svr4_r_next (CORE_ADDR debug_base)
{
  link_map_offsets *lmo = svr4_fetch_link_map_offsets ();
  type *ptr_type = builtin_type (target_gdbarch ())->builtin_data_ptr;
  bfd_endian byte_order = type_byte_order (ptr_type);
  ULONGEST version = 0;

  try
    {
      version
        = read_memory_unsigned_integer (debug_base + lmo->r_version_offset,
                                        lmo->r_version_size, byte_order);
    }
  catch (const gdb_exception_error &ex)
    {
      exception_print (gdb_stderr, ex);
    }

  /* The r_next field is added with r_version == 2.  */
  if (version < 2 || lmo->r_next_offset == -1)
    return 0;

  return read_memory_typed_address (debug_base + lmo->r_next_offset,
                                    ptr_type);
}

/* On Solaris systems with some versions of the dynamic linker,
   ld.so's l_name pointer points to the SONAME in the string table
   rather than into writable memory.  So that GDB can find shared
   libraries when loading a core file generated by gcore, ensure that
   memory areas containing the l_name string are saved in the core
   file.  */

static int
svr4_keep_data_in_core (CORE_ADDR vaddr, unsigned long size)
{
  struct svr4_info *info;
  CORE_ADDR ldsomap;
  CORE_ADDR name_lm;

  info = get_svr4_info (current_program_space);

  info->debug_base = elf_locate_base ();
  if (info->debug_base == 0)
    return 0;

  ldsomap = solib_svr4_r_ldsomap (info);
  if (!ldsomap)
    return 0;

  std::unique_ptr<lm_info_svr4> li = lm_info_read (ldsomap);
  name_lm = li != NULL ? li->l_name : 0;

  return (name_lm >= vaddr && name_lm < vaddr + size);
}

/* See solist.h.  */

static int
open_symbol_file_object (int from_tty)
{
  CORE_ADDR lm, l_name;
  struct link_map_offsets *lmo = svr4_fetch_link_map_offsets ();
  struct type *ptr_type = builtin_type (target_gdbarch ())->builtin_data_ptr;
  int l_name_size = ptr_type->length ();
  gdb::byte_vector l_name_buf (l_name_size);
  struct svr4_info *info = get_svr4_info (current_program_space);
  symfile_add_flags add_flags = 0;

  if (from_tty)
    add_flags |= SYMFILE_VERBOSE;

  if (current_program_space->symfile_object_file)
    if (!query (_("Attempt to reload symbols from process? ")))
      return 0;

  /* Always locate the debug struct, in case it has moved.  */
  info->debug_base = elf_locate_base ();
  if (info->debug_base == 0)
    return 0;   /* failed somehow...  */

  /* First link map member should be the executable.  */
  lm = solib_svr4_r_map (info->debug_base);
  if (lm == 0)
    return 0;   /* failed somehow...  */

  /* Read address of name from target memory to GDB.  */
  read_memory (lm + lmo->l_name_offset, l_name_buf.data (), l_name_size);

  /* Convert the address to host format.  */
  l_name = extract_typed_address (l_name_buf.data (), ptr_type);

  if (l_name == 0)
    return 0;           /* No filename.  */

  /* Now fetch the filename from target memory.  */
  gdb::unique_xmalloc_ptr<char> filename
    = target_read_string (l_name, SO_NAME_MAX_PATH_SIZE - 1);

  if (filename == nullptr)
    {
      warning (_("failed to read exec filename from attached file"));
      return 0;
    }

  /* Have a pathname: read the symbol file.  */
  symbol_file_add_main (filename.get (), add_flags);

  return 1;
}

/* Data exchange structure for the XML parser as returned by
   svr4_current_sos_via_xfer_libraries.  */

struct svr4_library_list
{
  /* The tail pointer of the current namespace.  This is internal to XML
     parsing.  */
  so_list **tailp;

  /* Inferior address of struct link_map used for the main executable.  It is
     NULL if not known.  */
  CORE_ADDR main_lm;

  /* List of objects loaded into the inferior per namespace.  This does
     not include any default sos.

     See comment on struct svr4_info.solib_lists.  */
  std::map<CORE_ADDR, so_list *> solib_lists;
};

/* This module's 'free_objfile' observer.  */

static void
svr4_free_objfile_observer (struct objfile *objfile)
{
  probes_table_remove_objfile_probes (objfile);
}

/* Implementation for target_so_ops.free_so.  */

static void
svr4_free_so (struct so_list *so)
{
  lm_info_svr4 *li = (lm_info_svr4 *) so->lm_info;

  delete li;
}

/* Implement target_so_ops.clear_so.  */

static void
svr4_clear_so (struct so_list *so)
{
  lm_info_svr4 *li = (lm_info_svr4 *) so->lm_info;

  if (li != NULL)
    li->l_addr_p = 0;
}

/* Free so_list built so far.  */

static void
svr4_free_library_list (so_list *list)
{
  while (list != NULL)
    {
      struct so_list *next = list->next;

      free_so (list);
      list = next;
    }
}

/* Copy library list.  */

static struct so_list *
svr4_copy_library_list (struct so_list *src)
{
  struct so_list *dst = NULL;
  struct so_list **link = &dst;

  while (src != NULL)
    {
      struct so_list *newobj;

      newobj = XNEW (struct so_list);
      memcpy (newobj, src, sizeof (struct so_list));

      lm_info_svr4 *src_li = (lm_info_svr4 *) src->lm_info;
      newobj->lm_info = new lm_info_svr4 (*src_li);

      newobj->next = NULL;
      *link = newobj;
      link = &newobj->next;

      src = src->next;
    }

  return dst;
}

#ifdef HAVE_LIBEXPAT

#include "xml-support.h"

/* Handle the start of a <library> element.  Note: new elements are added
   at the tail of the list, keeping the list in order.  */

static void
library_list_start_library (struct gdb_xml_parser *parser,
                            const struct gdb_xml_element *element,
                            void *user_data,
                            std::vector<gdb_xml_value> &attributes)
{
  struct svr4_library_list *list = (struct svr4_library_list *) user_data;
  const char *name
    = (const char *) xml_find_attribute (attributes, "name")->value.get ();
  ULONGEST *lmp
    = (ULONGEST *) xml_find_attribute (attributes, "lm")->value.get ();
  ULONGEST *l_addrp
    = (ULONGEST *) xml_find_attribute (attributes, "l_addr")->value.get ();
  ULONGEST *l_ldp
    = (ULONGEST *) xml_find_attribute (attributes, "l_ld")->value.get ();
  struct so_list *new_elem;

  new_elem = XCNEW (struct so_list);
  lm_info_svr4 *li = new lm_info_svr4;
  new_elem->lm_info = li;
  li->lm_addr = *lmp;
  li->l_addr_inferior = *l_addrp;
  li->l_ld = *l_ldp;

  strncpy (new_elem->so_name, name, sizeof (new_elem->so_name) - 1);
  new_elem->so_name[sizeof (new_elem->so_name) - 1] = 0;
  strcpy (new_elem->so_original_name, new_elem->so_name);

  /* Older versions did not supply lmid.  Put the element into the flat
     list of the special namespace zero in that case.  */
  gdb_xml_value *at_lmid = xml_find_attribute (attributes, "lmid");
  if (at_lmid == nullptr)
    {
      *list->tailp = new_elem;
      list->tailp = &new_elem->next;
    }
  else
    {
      ULONGEST lmid = *(ULONGEST *) at_lmid->value.get ();

      /* Ensure that the element is actually initialized.  */
      if (list->solib_lists.find (lmid) == list->solib_lists.end ())
        list->solib_lists[lmid] = nullptr;

      so_list **psolist = &list->solib_lists[lmid];
      so_list **pnext = psolist;

      /* Walk to the end of the list if we have one.  */
      so_list *solist = *psolist;
      if (solist != nullptr)
        {
          for (; solist->next != nullptr; solist = solist->next)
            /* Nothing.  */;

          pnext = &solist->next;
        }

      *pnext = new_elem;
    }
}

/* Handle the start of a <library-list-svr4> element.  */

static void
svr4_library_list_start_list (struct gdb_xml_parser *parser,
                              const struct gdb_xml_element *element,
                              void *user_data,
                              std::vector<gdb_xml_value> &attributes)
{
  struct svr4_library_list *list = (struct svr4_library_list *) user_data;
  const char *version
    = (const char *) xml_find_attribute (attributes, "version")->value.get ();
  struct gdb_xml_value *main_lm = xml_find_attribute (attributes, "main-lm");

  if (strcmp (version, "1.0") != 0)
    gdb_xml_error (parser,
                   _("SVR4 Library list has unsupported version \"%s\""),
                   version);

  if (main_lm)
    list->main_lm = *(ULONGEST *) main_lm->value.get ();

  /* Older gdbserver do not support namespaces.  We use the special
     namespace zero for a linear list of libraries.  */
  so_list **solist = &list->solib_lists[0];
  *solist = nullptr;
  list->tailp = solist;
}

/* The allowed elements and attributes for an XML library list.
   The root element is a <library-list>.  */

static const struct gdb_xml_attribute svr4_library_attributes[] =
{
  { "name", GDB_XML_AF_NONE, NULL, NULL },
  { "lm", GDB_XML_AF_NONE, gdb_xml_parse_attr_ulongest, NULL },
  { "l_addr", GDB_XML_AF_NONE, gdb_xml_parse_attr_ulongest, NULL },
  { "l_ld", GDB_XML_AF_NONE, gdb_xml_parse_attr_ulongest, NULL },
  { "lmid", GDB_XML_AF_NONE, gdb_xml_parse_attr_ulongest, NULL },
  { NULL, GDB_XML_AF_NONE, NULL, NULL }
};

static const struct gdb_xml_element svr4_library_list_children[] =
{
  {
    "library", svr4_library_attributes, NULL,
    GDB_XML_EF_REPEATABLE | GDB_XML_EF_OPTIONAL,
    library_list_start_library, NULL
  },
  { NULL, NULL, NULL, GDB_XML_EF_NONE, NULL, NULL }
};

static const struct gdb_xml_attribute svr4_library_list_attributes[] =
{
  { "version", GDB_XML_AF_NONE, NULL, NULL },
  { "main-lm", GDB_XML_AF_OPTIONAL, gdb_xml_parse_attr_ulongest, NULL },
  { NULL, GDB_XML_AF_NONE, NULL, NULL }
};

static const struct gdb_xml_element svr4_library_list_elements[] =
{
  { "library-list-svr4", svr4_library_list_attributes, svr4_library_list_children,
    GDB_XML_EF_NONE, svr4_library_list_start_list, NULL },
  { NULL, NULL, NULL, GDB_XML_EF_NONE, NULL, NULL }
};

/* Parse qXfer:libraries:read packet into *SO_LIST_RETURN.  Return 1 if

   Return 0 if packet not supported, *SO_LIST_RETURN is not modified in such
   case.  Return 1 if *SO_LIST_RETURN contains the library list, it may be
   empty, caller is responsible for freeing all its entries.  */

static int
svr4_parse_libraries (const char *document, struct svr4_library_list *list)
{
  auto cleanup = make_scope_exit ([list] ()
    {
      for (const std::pair<CORE_ADDR, so_list *> tuple
             : list->solib_lists)
        svr4_free_library_list (tuple.second);
    });

  list->tailp = nullptr;
  list->main_lm = 0;
  list->solib_lists.clear ();
  if (gdb_xml_parse_quick (_("target library list"), "library-list-svr4.dtd",
                           svr4_library_list_elements, document, list) == 0)
    {
      /* Parsed successfully, keep the result.  */
      cleanup.release ();
      return 1;
    }

  return 0;
}

/* Attempt to get so_list from target via qXfer:libraries-svr4:read packet.

   Return 0 if packet not supported, *SO_LIST_RETURN is not modified in such
   case.  Return 1 if *SO_LIST_RETURN contains the library list, it may be
   empty, caller is responsible for freeing all its entries.

   Note that ANNEX must be NULL if the remote does not explicitly allow
   qXfer:libraries-svr4:read packets with non-empty annexes.  Support for
   this can be checked using target_augmented_libraries_svr4_read ().  */

static int
svr4_current_sos_via_xfer_libraries (struct svr4_library_list *list,
                                     const char *annex)
{
  gdb_assert (annex == NULL || target_augmented_libraries_svr4_read ());

  /* Fetch the list of shared libraries.  */
  gdb::optional<gdb::char_vector> svr4_library_document
    = target_read_stralloc (current_inferior ()->top_target (),
                            TARGET_OBJECT_LIBRARIES_SVR4,
                            annex);
  if (!svr4_library_document)
    return 0;

  return svr4_parse_libraries (svr4_library_document->data (), list);
}

#else

static int
svr4_current_sos_via_xfer_libraries (struct svr4_library_list *list,
                                     const char *annex)
{
  return 0;
}

#endif

/* If no shared library information is available from the dynamic
   linker, build a fallback list from other sources.  */

static struct so_list *
svr4_default_sos (svr4_info *info)
{
  struct so_list *newobj;

  if (!info->debug_loader_offset_p)
    return NULL;

  newobj = XCNEW (struct so_list);
  lm_info_svr4 *li = new lm_info_svr4;
  newobj->lm_info = li;

  /* Nothing will ever check the other fields if we set l_addr_p.  */
  li->l_addr = li->l_addr_inferior = info->debug_loader_offset;
  li->l_addr_p = 1;

  strncpy (newobj->so_name, info->debug_loader_name, SO_NAME_MAX_PATH_SIZE - 1);
  newobj->so_name[SO_NAME_MAX_PATH_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
  strcpy (newobj->so_original_name, newobj->so_name);

  return newobj;
}

/* Read the whole inferior libraries chain starting at address LM.
   Expect the first entry in the chain's previous entry to be PREV_LM.
   Add the entries to the tail referenced by LINK_PTR_PTR.  Ignore the
   first entry if IGNORE_FIRST and set global MAIN_LM_ADDR according
   to it.  Returns nonzero upon success.  If zero is returned the
   entries stored to LINK_PTR_PTR are still valid although they may
   represent only part of the inferior library list.  */

static int
svr4_read_so_list (svr4_info *info, CORE_ADDR lm, CORE_ADDR prev_lm,
                   struct so_list ***link_ptr_ptr, int ignore_first)
{
  CORE_ADDR first_l_name = 0;
  CORE_ADDR next_lm;

  for (; lm != 0; prev_lm = lm, lm = next_lm)
    {
      so_list_up newobj (XCNEW (struct so_list));

      lm_info_svr4 *li = lm_info_read (lm).release ();
      newobj->lm_info = li;
      if (li == NULL)
        return 0;

      next_lm = li->l_next;

      if (li->l_prev != prev_lm)
        {
          warning (_("Corrupted shared library list: %s != %s"),
                   paddress (target_gdbarch (), prev_lm),
                   paddress (target_gdbarch (), li->l_prev));
          return 0;
        }

      /* For SVR4 versions, the first entry in the link map is for the
         inferior executable, so we must ignore it.  For some versions of
         SVR4, it has no name.  For others (Solaris 2.3 for example), it
         does have a name, so we can no longer use a missing name to
         decide when to ignore it.  */
      if (ignore_first && li->l_prev == 0)
        {
          first_l_name = li->l_name;
          info->main_lm_addr = li->lm_addr;
          continue;
        }

      /* Extract this shared object's name.  */
      gdb::unique_xmalloc_ptr<char> buffer
        = target_read_string (li->l_name, SO_NAME_MAX_PATH_SIZE - 1);
      if (buffer == nullptr)
        {
          /* If this entry's l_name address matches that of the
             inferior executable, then this is not a normal shared
             object, but (most likely) a vDSO.  In this case, silently
             skip it; otherwise emit a warning. */
          if (first_l_name == 0 || li->l_name != first_l_name)
            warning (_("Can't read pathname for load map."));
          continue;
        }

      strncpy (newobj->so_name, buffer.get (), SO_NAME_MAX_PATH_SIZE - 1);
      newobj->so_name[SO_NAME_MAX_PATH_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
      strcpy (newobj->so_original_name, newobj->so_name);

      /* If this entry has no name, or its name matches the name
         for the main executable, don't include it in the list.  */
      if (! newobj->so_name[0] || match_main (newobj->so_name))
        continue;

      newobj->next = 0;
      /* Don't free it now.  */
      **link_ptr_ptr = newobj.release ();
      *link_ptr_ptr = &(**link_ptr_ptr)->next;
    }

  return 1;
}

/* Read the full list of currently loaded shared objects directly
   from the inferior, without referring to any libraries read and
   stored by the probes interface.  Handle special cases relating
   to the first elements of the list in default namespace.  */

static void
svr4_current_sos_direct (struct svr4_info *info)
{
  CORE_ADDR lm;
  bool ignore_first;
  struct svr4_library_list library_list;

  /* Remove any old libraries.  We're going to read them back in again.  */
  free_solib_lists (info);

  /* Fall back to manual examination of the target if the packet is not
     supported or gdbserver failed to find DT_DEBUG.  gdb.server/solib-list.exp
     tests a case where gdbserver cannot find the shared libraries list while
     GDB itself is able to find it via SYMFILE_OBJFILE.

     Unfortunately statically linked inferiors will also fall back through this
     suboptimal code path.  */

  info->using_xfer = svr4_current_sos_via_xfer_libraries (&library_list,
                                                          NULL);
  if (info->using_xfer)
    {
      if (library_list.main_lm)
        info->main_lm_addr = library_list.main_lm;

      /* Remove an empty special zero namespace so we know that when there
         is one, it is actually used, and we have a flat list without
         namespace information.  */
      if ((library_list.solib_lists.find (0)
           != library_list.solib_lists.end ())
          && (library_list.solib_lists[0] == nullptr))
        library_list.solib_lists.erase (0);

      /* Replace the (empty) solib_lists in INFO with the one generated
         from the target.  We don't want to copy it on assignment and then
         delete the original afterwards, so let's just swap the
         internals.  */
      std::swap (info->solib_lists, library_list.solib_lists);
      return;
    }

  /* If we can't find the dynamic linker's base structure, this
     must not be a dynamically linked executable.  Hmm.  */
  info->debug_base = elf_locate_base ();
  if (info->debug_base == 0)
    return;

  /* Assume that everything is a library if the dynamic loader was loaded
     late by a static executable.  */
  if (current_program_space->exec_bfd ()
      && bfd_get_section_by_name (current_program_space->exec_bfd (),
                                  ".dynamic") == NULL)
    ignore_first = false;
  else
    ignore_first = true;

  auto cleanup = make_scope_exit ([info] ()
    {
      free_solib_lists (info);
    });

  /* Collect the sos in each namespace.  */
  CORE_ADDR debug_base = info->debug_base;
  for (; debug_base != 0;
       ignore_first = false, debug_base = solib_svr4_r_next (debug_base))
    {
      /* Walk the inferior's link map list, and build our so_list list.  */
      lm = solib_svr4_r_map (debug_base);
      if (lm != 0)
        {
          so_list **sos = &info->solib_lists[debug_base];
          *sos = nullptr;

          svr4_read_so_list (info, lm, 0, &sos, ignore_first);
        }
    }

  /* On Solaris, the dynamic linker is not in the normal list of
     shared objects, so make sure we pick it up too.  Having
     symbol information for the dynamic linker is quite crucial
     for skipping dynamic linker resolver code.

     Note that we interpret the ldsomap load map address as 'virtual'
     r_debug object.  If we added it to the default namespace (as it was),
     we would probably run into inconsistencies with the load map's
     prev/next links (I wonder if we did).  */
  debug_base = solib_svr4_r_ldsomap (info);
  if (debug_base != 0)
    {
      /* Add the dynamic linker's namespace unless we already did.  */
      if (info->solib_lists.find (debug_base) == info->solib_lists.end ())
        {
          so_list **sos = &info->solib_lists[debug_base];
          *sos = nullptr;
          svr4_read_so_list (info, debug_base, 0, &sos, 0);
        }
    }

  cleanup.release ();
}

/* Collect sos read and stored by the probes interface.  */

static so_list *
svr4_collect_probes_sos (svr4_info *info)
{
  so_list *sos = nullptr;
  so_list **pnext = &sos;

  for (const std::pair<CORE_ADDR, so_list *> tuple
         : info->solib_lists)
    {
      so_list *solist = tuple.second;

      /* Allow the linker to report empty namespaces.  */
      if (solist == nullptr)
        continue;

      *pnext = svr4_copy_library_list (solist);

      /* Update PNEXT to point to the next member of the last element.  */
      gdb_assert (*pnext != nullptr);
      for (;;)
        {
          so_list *next = *pnext;
          if (next == nullptr)
            break;

          pnext = &next->next;
        }
    }

  return sos;
}

/* Implement the main part of the "current_sos" target_so_ops
   method.  */

static struct so_list *
svr4_current_sos_1 (svr4_info *info)
{
  so_list *sos = nullptr;

  /* If we're using the probes interface, we can use the cache as it will
     be maintained by probe update/reload actions.  */
  if (info->probes_table != nullptr)
    sos = svr4_collect_probes_sos (info);

  /* If we're not using the probes interface or if we didn't cache
     anything, read the sos to fill the cache, then collect them from the
     cache.  */
  if (sos == nullptr)
    {
      svr4_current_sos_direct (info);

      sos = svr4_collect_probes_sos (info);
      if (sos == nullptr)
        sos = svr4_default_sos (info);
    }

  return sos;
}

/* Implement the "current_sos" target_so_ops method.  */

static struct so_list *
svr4_current_sos (void)
{
  svr4_info *info = get_svr4_info (current_program_space);
  struct so_list *so_head = svr4_current_sos_1 (info);
  struct mem_range vsyscall_range;

  /* Filter out the vDSO module, if present.  Its symbol file would
     not be found on disk.  The vDSO/vsyscall's OBJFILE is instead
     managed by symfile-mem.c:add_vsyscall_page.  */
  if (gdbarch_vsyscall_range (target_gdbarch (), &vsyscall_range)
      && vsyscall_range.length != 0)
    {
      struct so_list **sop;

      sop = &so_head;
      while (*sop != NULL)
        {
          struct so_list *so = *sop;

          /* We can't simply match the vDSO by starting address alone,
             because lm_info->l_addr_inferior (and also l_addr) do not
             necessarily represent the real starting address of the
             ELF if the vDSO's ELF itself is "prelinked".  The l_ld
             field (the ".dynamic" section of the shared object)
             always points at the absolute/resolved address though.
             So check whether that address is inside the vDSO's
             mapping instead.

             E.g., on Linux 3.16 (x86_64) the vDSO is a regular
             0-based ELF, and we see:

              (gdb) info auxv
              33  AT_SYSINFO_EHDR  System-supplied DSO's ELF header 0x7ffff7ffb000
              (gdb)  p/x *_r_debug.r_map.l_next
              $1 = {l_addr = 0x7ffff7ffb000, ..., l_ld = 0x7ffff7ffb318, ...}

             And on Linux 2.6.32 (x86_64) we see:

              (gdb) info auxv
              33  AT_SYSINFO_EHDR  System-supplied DSO's ELF header 0x7ffff7ffe000
              (gdb) p/x *_r_debug.r_map.l_next
              $5 = {l_addr = 0x7ffff88fe000, ..., l_ld = 0x7ffff7ffe580, ... }

             Dumping that vDSO shows:

              (gdb) info proc mappings
              0x7ffff7ffe000  0x7ffff7fff000  0x1000  0  [vdso]
              (gdb) dump memory vdso.bin 0x7ffff7ffe000 0x7ffff7fff000
              # readelf -Wa vdso.bin
              [...]
                Entry point address: 0xffffffffff700700
              [...]
              Section Headers:
                [Nr] Name     Type    Address          Off    Size
                [ 0]          NULL    0000000000000000 000000 000000
                [ 1] .hash    HASH    ffffffffff700120 000120 000038
                [ 2] .dynsym  DYNSYM  ffffffffff700158 000158 0000d8
              [...]
                [ 9] .dynamic DYNAMIC ffffffffff700580 000580 0000f0
          */

          lm_info_svr4 *li = (lm_info_svr4 *) so->lm_info;

          if (address_in_mem_range (li->l_ld, &vsyscall_range))
            {
              *sop = so->next;
              free_so (so);
              break;
            }

          sop = &so->next;
        }
    }

  return so_head;
}

/* Get the address of the link_map for a given OBJFILE.  */

CORE_ADDR
svr4_fetch_objfile_link_map (struct objfile *objfile)
{
  struct svr4_info *info = get_svr4_info (objfile->pspace);

  /* Cause svr4_current_sos() to be run if it hasn't been already.  */
  if (info->main_lm_addr == 0)
    solib_add (NULL, 0, auto_solib_add);

  /* svr4_current_sos() will set main_lm_addr for the main executable.  */
  if (objfile == current_program_space->symfile_object_file)
    return info->main_lm_addr;

  /* The other link map addresses may be found by examining the list
     of shared libraries.  */
  for (struct so_list *so : current_program_space->solibs ())
    if (so->objfile == objfile)
      {
        lm_info_svr4 *li = (lm_info_svr4 *) so->lm_info;

        return li->lm_addr;
      }

  /* Not found!  */
  return 0;
}

/* On some systems, the only way to recognize the link map entry for
   the main executable file is by looking at its name.  Return
   non-zero iff SONAME matches one of the known main executable names.  */

static int
match_main (const char *soname)
{
  const char * const *mainp;

  for (mainp = main_name_list; *mainp != NULL; mainp++)
    {
      if (strcmp (soname, *mainp) == 0)
        return (1);
    }

  return (0);
}

/* Return 1 if PC lies in the dynamic symbol resolution code of the
   SVR4 run time loader.  */

int
svr4_in_dynsym_resolve_code (CORE_ADDR pc)
{
  struct svr4_info *info = get_svr4_info (current_program_space);

  return ((pc >= info->interp_text_sect_low
           && pc < info->interp_text_sect_high)
          || (pc >= info->interp_plt_sect_low
              && pc < info->interp_plt_sect_high)
          || in_plt_section (pc)
          || in_gnu_ifunc_stub (pc));
}

/* Given an executable's ABFD and target, compute the entry-point
   address.  */

static CORE_ADDR
exec_entry_point (struct bfd *abfd, struct target_ops *targ)
{
  CORE_ADDR addr;

  /* KevinB wrote ... for most targets, the address returned by
     bfd_get_start_address() is the entry point for the start
     function.  But, for some targets, bfd_get_start_address() returns
     the address of a function descriptor from which the entry point
     address may be extracted.  This address is extracted by
     gdbarch_convert_from_func_ptr_addr().  The method
     gdbarch_convert_from_func_ptr_addr() is the merely the identify
     function for targets which don't use function descriptors.  */
  addr = gdbarch_convert_from_func_ptr_addr (target_gdbarch (),
                                             bfd_get_start_address (abfd),
                                             targ);
  return gdbarch_addr_bits_remove (target_gdbarch (), addr);
}

/* A probe and its associated action.  */

struct probe_and_action
{
  /* The probe.  */
  probe *prob;

  /* The relocated address of the probe.  */
  CORE_ADDR address;

  /* The action.  */
  enum probe_action action;

  /* The objfile where this probe was found.  */
  struct objfile *objfile;
};

/* Returns a hash code for the probe_and_action referenced by p.  */

static hashval_t
hash_probe_and_action (const void *p)
{
  const struct probe_and_action *pa = (const struct probe_and_action *) p;

  return (hashval_t) pa->address;
}

/* Returns non-zero if the probe_and_actions referenced by p1 and p2
   are equal.  */

static int
equal_probe_and_action (const void *p1, const void *p2)
{
  const struct probe_and_action *pa1 = (const struct probe_and_action *) p1;
  const struct probe_and_action *pa2 = (const struct probe_and_action *) p2;

  return pa1->address == pa2->address;
}

/* Traversal function for probes_table_remove_objfile_probes.  */

static int
probes_table_htab_remove_objfile_probes (void **slot, void *info)
{
  probe_and_action *pa = (probe_and_action *) *slot;
  struct objfile *objfile = (struct objfile *) info;

  if (pa->objfile == objfile)
    htab_clear_slot (get_svr4_info (objfile->pspace)->probes_table.get (),
                     slot);

  return 1;
}

/* Remove all probes that belong to OBJFILE from the probes table.  */

static void
probes_table_remove_objfile_probes (struct objfile *objfile)
{
  svr4_info *info = get_svr4_info (objfile->pspace);
  if (info->probes_table != nullptr)
    htab_traverse_noresize (info->probes_table.get (),
                            probes_table_htab_remove_objfile_probes, objfile);
}

/* Register a solib event probe and its associated action in the
   probes table.  */

static void
register_solib_event_probe (svr4_info *info, struct objfile *objfile,
                            probe *prob, CORE_ADDR address,
                            enum probe_action action)
{
  struct probe_and_action lookup, *pa;
  void **slot;

  /* Create the probes table, if necessary.  */
  if (info->probes_table == NULL)
    info->probes_table.reset (htab_create_alloc (1, hash_probe_and_action,
                                                 equal_probe_and_action,
                                                 xfree, xcalloc, xfree));

  lookup.address = address;
  slot = htab_find_slot (info->probes_table.get (), &lookup, INSERT);
  gdb_assert (*slot == HTAB_EMPTY_ENTRY);

  pa = XCNEW (struct probe_and_action);
  pa->prob = prob;
  pa->address = address;
  pa->action = action;
  pa->objfile = objfile;

  *slot = pa;
}

/* Get the solib event probe at the specified location, and the
   action associated with it.  Returns NULL if no solib event probe
   was found.  */

static struct probe_and_action *
solib_event_probe_at (struct svr4_info *info, CORE_ADDR address)
{
  struct probe_and_action lookup;
  void **slot;

  lookup.address = address;
  slot = htab_find_slot (info->probes_table.get (), &lookup, NO_INSERT);

  if (slot == NULL)
    return NULL;

  return (struct probe_and_action *) *slot;
}

/* Decide what action to take when the specified solib event probe is
   hit.  */

static enum probe_action
solib_event_probe_action (struct probe_and_action *pa)
{
  enum probe_action action;
  unsigned probe_argc = 0;
  frame_info_ptr frame = get_current_frame ();

  action = pa->action;
  if (action == DO_NOTHING || action == PROBES_INTERFACE_FAILED)
    return action;

  gdb_assert (action == FULL_RELOAD || action == UPDATE_OR_RELOAD);

  /* Check that an appropriate number of arguments has been supplied.
     We expect:
       arg0: Lmid_t lmid (mandatory)
       arg1: struct r_debug *debug_base (mandatory)
       arg2: struct link_map *new (optional, for incremental updates)  */
  try
    {
      probe_argc = pa->prob->get_argument_count (get_frame_arch (frame));
    }
  catch (const gdb_exception_error &ex)
    {
      exception_print (gdb_stderr, ex);
      probe_argc = 0;
    }

  /* If get_argument_count throws an exception, probe_argc will be set
     to zero.  However, if pa->prob does not have arguments, then
     get_argument_count will succeed but probe_argc will also be zero.
     Both cases happen because of different things, but they are
     treated equally here: action will be set to
     PROBES_INTERFACE_FAILED.  */
  if (probe_argc == 2)
    action = FULL_RELOAD;
  else if (probe_argc < 2)
    action = PROBES_INTERFACE_FAILED;

  return action;
}

/* Populate the shared object list by reading the entire list of
   shared objects from the inferior.  Handle special cases relating
   to the first elements of the list.  Returns nonzero on success.  */

static int
solist_update_full (struct svr4_info *info)
{
  svr4_current_sos_direct (info);

  return 1;
}

/* Update the shared object list starting from the link-map entry
   passed by the linker in the probe's third argument.  Returns
   nonzero if the list was successfully updated, or zero to indicate
   failure.  */

static int
solist_update_incremental (svr4_info *info, CORE_ADDR debug_base,
                           CORE_ADDR lm)
{
  /* Fall back to a full update if we are using a remote target
     that does not support incremental transfers.  */
  if (info->using_xfer && !target_augmented_libraries_svr4_read ())
    return 0;

  /* Fall back to a full update if we used the special namespace zero.  We
     wouldn't be able to find the last item in the DEBUG_BASE namespace
     and hence get the prev link wrong.  */
  if (info->solib_lists.find (0) != info->solib_lists.end ())
    return 0;

  /* Ensure that the element is actually initialized.  */
  if (info->solib_lists.find (debug_base) == info->solib_lists.end ())
    info->solib_lists[debug_base] = nullptr;

  so_list **psolist = &info->solib_lists[debug_base];
  so_list **pnext = nullptr;
  so_list *solist = *psolist;
  CORE_ADDR prev_lm;

  if (solist == nullptr)
    {
      /* svr4_current_sos_direct contains logic to handle a number of
         special cases relating to the first elements of the list in
         default namespace.  To avoid duplicating this logic we defer to
         solist_update_full in this case.  */
      if (svr4_is_default_namespace (info, debug_base))
        return 0;

      prev_lm = 0;
      pnext = psolist;
    }
  else
    {
      /* Walk to the end of the list.  */
      for (; solist->next != nullptr; solist = solist->next)
        /* Nothing.  */;

      lm_info_svr4 *li = (lm_info_svr4 *) solist->lm_info;
      prev_lm = li->lm_addr;
      pnext = &solist->next;
    }

  /* Read the new objects.  */
  if (info->using_xfer)
    {
      struct svr4_library_list library_list;
      char annex[64];

      /* Unknown key=value pairs are ignored by the gdbstub.  */
      xsnprintf (annex, sizeof (annex), "lmid=%s;start=%s;prev=%s",
                 phex_nz (debug_base, sizeof (debug_base)),
                 phex_nz (lm, sizeof (lm)),
                 phex_nz (prev_lm, sizeof (prev_lm)));
      if (!svr4_current_sos_via_xfer_libraries (&library_list, annex))
        return 0;

      /* Get the so list from the target.  We replace the list in the
         target response so we can easily check that the response only
         covers one namespace.

         We expect gdbserver to provide updates for the namespace that
         contains LM, which whould be this namespace...  */
      so_list *sos = nullptr;
      if (library_list.solib_lists.find (debug_base)
          != library_list.solib_lists.end ())
        std::swap (sos, library_list.solib_lists[debug_base]);
      if (sos == nullptr)
        {
          /* ...or for the special zero namespace for earlier versions...  */
          if (library_list.solib_lists.find (0)
              != library_list.solib_lists.end ())
            std::swap (sos, library_list.solib_lists[0]);
        }

      /* ...but nothing else.  */
      for (const std::pair<CORE_ADDR, so_list *> tuple
             : library_list.solib_lists)
        gdb_assert (tuple.second == nullptr);

      *pnext = sos;
    }
  else
    {
      /* IGNORE_FIRST may safely be set to zero here because the
         above check and deferral to solist_update_full ensures
         that this call to svr4_read_so_list will never see the
         first element.  */
      if (!svr4_read_so_list (info, lm, prev_lm, &pnext, 0))
        return 0;
    }

  return 1;
}

/* Disable the probes-based linker interface and revert to the
   original interface.  We don't reset the breakpoints as the
   ones set up for the probes-based interface are adequate.  */

static void
disable_probes_interface (svr4_info *info)
{
  warning (_("Probes-based dynamic linker interface failed.\n"
             "Reverting to original interface."));

  free_probes_table (info);
  free_solib_lists (info);
}

/* Update the solib list as appropriate when using the
   probes-based linker interface.  Do nothing if using the
   standard interface.  */

static void
svr4_handle_solib_event (void)
{
  struct svr4_info *info = get_svr4_info (current_program_space);
  struct probe_and_action *pa;
  enum probe_action action;
  struct value *val = NULL;
  CORE_ADDR pc, debug_base, lm = 0;
  frame_info_ptr frame = get_current_frame ();

  /* Do nothing if not using the probes interface.  */
  if (info->probes_table == NULL)
    return;

  pc = regcache_read_pc (get_current_regcache ());
  pa = solib_event_probe_at (info, pc);
  if (pa == nullptr)
    {
      /* When some solib ops sits above us, it can respond to a solib event
         by calling in here.  This is done assuming that if the current event
         is not an SVR4 solib event, calling here should be a no-op.  */
      return;
    }

  /* If anything goes wrong we revert to the original linker
     interface.  */
  auto cleanup = make_scope_exit ([info] ()
    {
      disable_probes_interface (info);
    });

  action = solib_event_probe_action (pa);
  if (action == PROBES_INTERFACE_FAILED)
    return;

  if (action == DO_NOTHING)
    {
      cleanup.release ();
      return;
    }

  /* evaluate_argument looks up symbols in the dynamic linker
     using find_pc_section.  find_pc_section is accelerated by a cache
     called the section map.  The section map is invalidated every
     time a shared library is loaded or unloaded, and if the inferior
     is generating a lot of shared library events then the section map
     will be updated every time svr4_handle_solib_event is called.
     We called find_pc_section in svr4_create_solib_event_breakpoints,
     so we can guarantee that the dynamic linker's sections are in the
     section map.  We can therefore inhibit section map updates across
     these calls to evaluate_argument and save a lot of time.  */
  {
    scoped_restore inhibit_updates
      = inhibit_section_map_updates (current_program_space);

    try
      {
        val = pa->prob->evaluate_argument (1, frame);
      }
    catch (const gdb_exception_error &ex)
      {
        exception_print (gdb_stderr, ex);
        val = NULL;
      }

    if (val == NULL)
      return;

    debug_base = value_as_address (val);
    if (debug_base == 0)
      return;

    /* If the global _r_debug object moved, we need to reload everything
       since we cannot identify namespaces (by the location of their
       r_debug_ext object) anymore.  */
    CORE_ADDR global_debug_base = elf_locate_base ();
    if (global_debug_base != info->debug_base)
      {
        info->debug_base = global_debug_base;
        action = FULL_RELOAD;
      }

    if (info->debug_base == 0)
      {
        /* It's possible for the reloc_complete probe to be triggered before
           the linker has set the DT_DEBUG pointer (for example, when the
           linker has finished relocating an LD_AUDIT library or its
           dependencies).  Since we can't yet handle libraries from other link
           namespaces, we don't lose anything by ignoring them here.  */
        struct value *link_map_id_val;
        try
          {
            link_map_id_val = pa->prob->evaluate_argument (0, frame);
          }
        catch (const gdb_exception_error)
          {
            link_map_id_val = NULL;
          }
        /* glibc and illumos' libc both define LM_ID_BASE as zero.  */
        if (link_map_id_val != NULL && value_as_long (link_map_id_val) != 0)
          action = DO_NOTHING;
        else
          return;
      }

    if (action == UPDATE_OR_RELOAD)
      {
        try
          {
            val = pa->prob->evaluate_argument (2, frame);
          }
        catch (const gdb_exception_error &ex)
          {
            exception_print (gdb_stderr, ex);
            return;
          }

        if (val != NULL)
          lm = value_as_address (val);

        if (lm == 0)
          action = FULL_RELOAD;
      }

    /* Resume section map updates.  Closing the scope is
       sufficient.  */
  }

  if (action == UPDATE_OR_RELOAD)
    {
      if (!solist_update_incremental (info, debug_base, lm))
        action = FULL_RELOAD;
    }

  if (action == FULL_RELOAD)
    {
      if (!solist_update_full (info))
        return;
    }

  cleanup.release ();
}

/* Helper function for svr4_update_solib_event_breakpoints.  */

static bool
svr4_update_solib_event_breakpoint (struct breakpoint *b)
{
  if (b->type != bp_shlib_event)
    {
      /* Continue iterating.  */
      return false;
    }

  for (bp_location *loc : b->locations ())
    {
      struct svr4_info *info;
      struct probe_and_action *pa;

      info = solib_svr4_pspace_data.get (loc->pspace);
      if (info == NULL || info->probes_table == NULL)
        continue;

      pa = solib_event_probe_at (info, loc->address);
      if (pa == NULL)
        continue;

      if (pa->action == DO_NOTHING)
        {
          if (b->enable_state == bp_disabled && stop_on_solib_events)
            enable_breakpoint (b);
          else if (b->enable_state == bp_enabled && !stop_on_solib_events)
            disable_breakpoint (b);
        }

      break;
    }

  /* Continue iterating.  */
  return false;
}

/* Enable or disable optional solib event breakpoints as appropriate.
   Called whenever stop_on_solib_events is changed.  */

static void
svr4_update_solib_event_breakpoints (void)
{
  for (breakpoint *bp : all_breakpoints_safe ())
    svr4_update_solib_event_breakpoint (bp);
}

/* Create and register solib event breakpoints.  PROBES is an array
   of NUM_PROBES elements, each of which is vector of probes.  A
   solib event breakpoint will be created and registered for each
   probe.  */

static void
svr4_create_probe_breakpoints (svr4_info *info, struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
                               const std::vector<probe *> *probes,
                               struct objfile *objfile)
{
  for (int i = 0; i < NUM_PROBES; i++)
    {
      enum probe_action action = probe_info[i].action;

      for (probe *p : probes[i])
        {
          CORE_ADDR address = p->get_relocated_address (objfile);

          solib_debug_printf ("name=%s, addr=%s", probe_info[i].name,
                              paddress (gdbarch, address));

          create_solib_event_breakpoint (gdbarch, address);
          register_solib_event_probe (info, objfile, p, address, action);
        }
    }

  svr4_update_solib_event_breakpoints ();
}

/* Find all the glibc named probes.  Only if all of the probes are found, then
   create them and return true.  Otherwise return false.  If WITH_PREFIX is set
   then add "rtld" to the front of the probe names.  */
static bool
svr4_find_and_create_probe_breakpoints (svr4_info *info,
                                        struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
                                        struct obj_section *os,
                                        bool with_prefix)
{
  SOLIB_SCOPED_DEBUG_START_END ("objfile=%s, with_prefix=%d",
                                os->objfile->original_name, with_prefix);

  std::vector<probe *> probes[NUM_PROBES];

  for (int i = 0; i < NUM_PROBES; i++)
    {
      const char *name = probe_info[i].name;
      char buf[32];

      /* Fedora 17 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.2-6.4 shipped with an early
         version of the probes code in which the probes' names were prefixed
         with "rtld_" and the "map_failed" probe did not exist.  The locations
         of the probes are otherwise the same, so we check for probes with
         prefixed names if probes with unprefixed names are not present.  */
      if (with_prefix)
        {
          xsnprintf (buf, sizeof (buf), "rtld_%s", name);
          name = buf;
        }

      probes[i] = find_probes_in_objfile (os->objfile, "rtld", name);
      solib_debug_printf ("probe=%s, num found=%zu", name, probes[i].size ());

      /* Ensure at least one probe for the current name was found.  */
      if (probes[i].empty ())
        {
          /* The "map_failed" probe did not exist in early versions of the
             probes code in which the probes' names were prefixed with
             "rtld_".

             Additionally, the "map_failed" probe was accidentally removed
             from glibc 2.35 and 2.36, when changes in glibc meant the
             probe could no longer be reached, and the compiler optimized
             the probe away.  In this case the probe name doesn't have the
             "rtld_" prefix.

             To handle this, and give GDB as much flexibility as possible,
             we make the rule that, if a probe isn't required for the
             correct operation of GDB (i.e. its action is DO_NOTHING), then
             we will still use the probes interface, even if that probe is
             missing.

             The only (possible) downside of this is that, if the user has
             'set stop-on-solib-events on' in effect, then they might get
             fewer events using the probes interface than with the classic
             non-probes interface.  */
          if (probe_info[i].action == DO_NOTHING)
            continue;
          else
            return false;
        }

      /* Ensure probe arguments can be evaluated.  */
      for (probe *p : probes[i])
        {
          if (!p->can_evaluate_arguments ())
            return false;
          /* This will fail if the probe is invalid.  This has been seen on Arm
             due to references to symbols that have been resolved away.  */
          try
            {
              p->get_argument_count (gdbarch);
            }
          catch (const gdb_exception_error &ex)
            {
              exception_print (gdb_stderr, ex);
              warning (_("Initializing probes-based dynamic linker interface "
                         "failed.\nReverting to original interface."));
              return false;
            }
        }
    }

  /* All probes found.  Now create them.  */
  solib_debug_printf ("using probes interface");
  svr4_create_probe_breakpoints (info, gdbarch, probes, os->objfile);
  return true;
}

/* Both the SunOS and the SVR4 dynamic linkers call a marker function
   before and after mapping and unmapping shared libraries.  The sole
   purpose of this method is to allow debuggers to set a breakpoint so
   they can track these changes.

   Some versions of the glibc dynamic linker contain named probes
   to allow more fine grained stopping.  Given the address of the
   original marker function, this function attempts to find these
   probes, and if found, sets breakpoints on those instead.  If the
   probes aren't found, a single breakpoint is set on the original
   marker function.  */

static void
svr4_create_solib_event_breakpoints (svr4_info *info, struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
                                     CORE_ADDR address)
{
  struct obj_section *os = find_pc_section (address);

  if (os == nullptr
      || (!svr4_find_and_create_probe_breakpoints (info, gdbarch, os, false)
          && !svr4_find_and_create_probe_breakpoints (info, gdbarch, os, true)))
    {
      solib_debug_printf ("falling back to r_brk breakpoint: addr=%s",
                          paddress (gdbarch, address));
      create_solib_event_breakpoint (gdbarch, address);
    }
}

/* Helper function for gdb_bfd_lookup_symbol.  */

static int
cmp_name_and_sec_flags (const asymbol *sym, const void *data)
{
  return (strcmp (sym->name, (const char *) data) == 0
          && (sym->section->flags & (SEC_CODE | SEC_DATA)) != 0);
}
/* Arrange for dynamic linker to hit breakpoint.

   Both the SunOS and the SVR4 dynamic linkers have, as part of their
   debugger interface, support for arranging for the inferior to hit
   a breakpoint after mapping in the shared libraries.  This function
   enables that breakpoint.

   For SunOS, there is a special flag location (in_debugger) which we
   set to 1.  When the dynamic linker sees this flag set, it will set
   a breakpoint at a location known only to itself, after saving the
   original contents of that place and the breakpoint address itself,
   in it's own internal structures.  When we resume the inferior, it
   will eventually take a SIGTRAP when it runs into the breakpoint.
   We handle this (in a different place) by restoring the contents of
   the breakpointed location (which is only known after it stops),
   chasing around to locate the shared libraries that have been
   loaded, then resuming.

   For SVR4, the debugger interface structure contains a member (r_brk)
   which is statically initialized at the time the shared library is
   built, to the offset of a function (_r_debug_state) which is guaran-
   teed to be called once before mapping in a library, and again when
   the mapping is complete.  At the time we are examining this member,
   it contains only the unrelocated offset of the function, so we have
   to do our own relocation.  Later, when the dynamic linker actually
   runs, it relocates r_brk to be the actual address of _r_debug_state().

   The debugger interface structure also contains an enumeration which
   is set to either RT_ADD or RT_DELETE prior to changing the mapping,
   depending upon whether or not the library is being mapped or unmapped,
   and then set to RT_CONSISTENT after the library is mapped/unmapped.  */

static int
enable_break (struct svr4_info *info, int from_tty)
{
  struct bound_minimal_symbol msymbol;
  const char * const *bkpt_namep;
  asection *interp_sect;
  CORE_ADDR sym_addr;

  info->interp_text_sect_low = info->interp_text_sect_high = 0;
  info->interp_plt_sect_low = info->interp_plt_sect_high = 0;

  /* If we already have a shared library list in the target, and
     r_debug contains r_brk, set the breakpoint there - this should
     mean r_brk has already been relocated.  Assume the dynamic linker
     is the object containing r_brk.  */

  solib_add (NULL, from_tty, auto_solib_add);
  sym_addr = 0;
  if (info->debug_base && solib_svr4_r_map (info->debug_base) != 0)
    sym_addr = solib_svr4_r_brk (info);

  if (sym_addr != 0)
    {
      struct obj_section *os;

      sym_addr = gdbarch_addr_bits_remove
        (target_gdbarch (),
         gdbarch_convert_from_func_ptr_addr
           (target_gdbarch (), sym_addr, current_inferior ()->top_target ()));

      /* On at least some versions of Solaris there's a dynamic relocation
         on _r_debug.r_brk and SYM_ADDR may not be relocated yet, e.g., if
         we get control before the dynamic linker has self-relocated.
         Check if SYM_ADDR is in a known section, if it is assume we can
         trust its value.  This is just a heuristic though, it could go away
         or be replaced if it's getting in the way.

         On ARM we need to know whether the ISA of rtld_db_dlactivity (or
         however it's spelled in your particular system) is ARM or Thumb.
         That knowledge is encoded in the address, if it's Thumb the low bit
         is 1.  However, we've stripped that info above and it's not clear
         what all the consequences are of passing a non-addr_bits_remove'd
         address to svr4_create_solib_event_breakpoints.  The call to
         find_pc_section verifies we know about the address and have some
         hope of computing the right kind of breakpoint to use (via
         symbol info).  It does mean that GDB needs to be pointed at a
         non-stripped version of the dynamic linker in order to obtain
         information it already knows about.  Sigh.  */

      os = find_pc_section (sym_addr);
      if (os != NULL)
        {
          /* Record the relocated start and end address of the dynamic linker
             text and plt section for svr4_in_dynsym_resolve_code.  */
          bfd *tmp_bfd;
          CORE_ADDR load_addr;

          tmp_bfd = os->objfile->obfd.get ();
          load_addr = os->objfile->text_section_offset ();

          interp_sect = bfd_get_section_by_name (tmp_bfd, ".text");
          if (interp_sect)
            {
              info->interp_text_sect_low
                = bfd_section_vma (interp_sect) + load_addr;
              info->interp_text_sect_high
                = info->interp_text_sect_low + bfd_section_size (interp_sect);
            }
          interp_sect = bfd_get_section_by_name (tmp_bfd, ".plt");
          if (interp_sect)
            {
              info->interp_plt_sect_low
                = bfd_section_vma (interp_sect) + load_addr;
              info->interp_plt_sect_high
                = info->interp_plt_sect_low + bfd_section_size (interp_sect);
            }

          svr4_create_solib_event_breakpoints (info, target_gdbarch (), sym_addr);
          return 1;
        }
    }

  /* Find the program interpreter; if not found, warn the user and drop
     into the old breakpoint at symbol code.  */
  gdb::optional<gdb::byte_vector> interp_name_holder
    = find_program_interpreter ();
  if (interp_name_holder)
    {
      const char *interp_name = (const char *) interp_name_holder->data ();
      CORE_ADDR load_addr = 0;
      int load_addr_found = 0;
      int loader_found_in_list = 0;
      struct target_ops *tmp_bfd_target;

      sym_addr = 0;

      /* Now we need to figure out where the dynamic linker was
         loaded so that we can load its symbols and place a breakpoint
         in the dynamic linker itself.

         This address is stored on the stack.  However, I've been unable
         to find any magic formula to find it for Solaris (appears to
         be trivial on GNU/Linux).  Therefore, we have to try an alternate
         mechanism to find the dynamic linker's base address.  */

      gdb_bfd_ref_ptr tmp_bfd;
      try
        {
          tmp_bfd = solib_bfd_open (interp_name);
        }
      catch (const gdb_exception &ex)
        {
        }

      if (tmp_bfd == NULL)
        goto bkpt_at_symbol;

      /* Now convert the TMP_BFD into a target.  That way target, as
         well as BFD operations can be used.  */
      tmp_bfd_target = target_bfd_reopen (tmp_bfd);

      /* On a running target, we can get the dynamic linker's base
         address from the shared library table.  */
      for (struct so_list *so : current_program_space->solibs ())
        {
          if (svr4_same_1 (interp_name, so->so_original_name))
            {
              load_addr_found = 1;
              loader_found_in_list = 1;
              load_addr = lm_addr_check (so, tmp_bfd.get ());
              break;
            }
        }

      /* If we were not able to find the base address of the loader
         from our so_list, then try using the AT_BASE auxilliary entry.  */
      if (!load_addr_found)
        if (target_auxv_search (AT_BASE, &load_addr) > 0)
          {
            int addr_bit = gdbarch_addr_bit (target_gdbarch ());

            /* Ensure LOAD_ADDR has proper sign in its possible upper bits so
               that `+ load_addr' will overflow CORE_ADDR width not creating
               invalid addresses like 0x101234567 for 32bit inferiors on 64bit
               GDB.  */

            if (addr_bit < (sizeof (CORE_ADDR) * HOST_CHAR_BIT))
              {
                CORE_ADDR space_size = (CORE_ADDR) 1 << addr_bit;
                CORE_ADDR tmp_entry_point = exec_entry_point (tmp_bfd.get (),
                                                              tmp_bfd_target);

                gdb_assert (load_addr < space_size);

                /* TMP_ENTRY_POINT exceeding SPACE_SIZE would be for prelinked
                   64bit ld.so with 32bit executable, it should not happen.  */

                if (tmp_entry_point < space_size
                    && tmp_entry_point + load_addr >= space_size)
                  load_addr -= space_size;
              }

            load_addr_found = 1;
          }

      /* Otherwise we find the dynamic linker's base address by examining
         the current pc (which should point at the entry point for the
         dynamic linker) and subtracting the offset of the entry point.

         This is more fragile than the previous approaches, but is a good
         fallback method because it has actually been working well in
         most cases.  */
      if (!load_addr_found)
        {
          struct regcache *regcache
            = get_thread_arch_regcache (current_inferior ()->process_target (),
                                        inferior_ptid, target_gdbarch ());

          load_addr = (regcache_read_pc (regcache)
                       - exec_entry_point (tmp_bfd.get (), tmp_bfd_target));
        }

      if (!loader_found_in_list)
        {
          info->debug_loader_name = xstrdup (interp_name);
          info->debug_loader_offset_p = 1;
          info->debug_loader_offset = load_addr;
          solib_add (NULL, from_tty, auto_solib_add);
        }

      /* Record the relocated start and end address of the dynamic linker
         text and plt section for svr4_in_dynsym_resolve_code.  */
      interp_sect = bfd_get_section_by_name (tmp_bfd.get (), ".text");
      if (interp_sect)
        {
          info->interp_text_sect_low
            = bfd_section_vma (interp_sect) + load_addr;
          info->interp_text_sect_high
            = info->interp_text_sect_low + bfd_section_size (interp_sect);
        }
      interp_sect = bfd_get_section_by_name (tmp_bfd.get (), ".plt");
      if (interp_sect)
        {
          info->interp_plt_sect_low
            = bfd_section_vma (interp_sect) + load_addr;
          info->interp_plt_sect_high
            = info->interp_plt_sect_low + bfd_section_size (interp_sect);
        }

      /* Now try to set a breakpoint in the dynamic linker.  */
      for (bkpt_namep = solib_break_names; *bkpt_namep != NULL; bkpt_namep++)
        {
          sym_addr = gdb_bfd_lookup_symbol (tmp_bfd.get (),
                                            cmp_name_and_sec_flags,
                                            *bkpt_namep);
          if (sym_addr != 0)
            break;
        }

      if (sym_addr != 0)
        /* Convert 'sym_addr' from a function pointer to an address.
           Because we pass tmp_bfd_target instead of the current
           target, this will always produce an unrelocated value.  */
        sym_addr = gdbarch_convert_from_func_ptr_addr (target_gdbarch (),
                                                       sym_addr,
                                                       tmp_bfd_target);

      /* We're done with both the temporary bfd and target.  Closing
         the target closes the underlying bfd, because it holds the
         only remaining reference.  */
      target_close (tmp_bfd_target);

      if (sym_addr != 0)
        {
          svr4_create_solib_event_breakpoints (info, target_gdbarch (),
                                               load_addr + sym_addr);
          return 1;
        }

      /* For whatever reason we couldn't set a breakpoint in the dynamic
         linker.  Warn and drop into the old code.  */
    bkpt_at_symbol:
      warning (_("Unable to find dynamic linker breakpoint function.\n"
               "GDB will be unable to debug shared library initializers\n"
               "and track explicitly loaded dynamic code."));
    }

  /* Scan through the lists of symbols, trying to look up the symbol and
     set a breakpoint there.  Terminate loop when we/if we succeed.  */

  objfile *objf = current_program_space->symfile_object_file;
  for (bkpt_namep = solib_break_names; *bkpt_namep != NULL; bkpt_namep++)
    {
      msymbol = lookup_minimal_symbol (*bkpt_namep, NULL, objf);
      if ((msymbol.minsym != NULL)
          && (msymbol.value_address () != 0))
        {
          sym_addr = msymbol.value_address ();
          sym_addr = gdbarch_convert_from_func_ptr_addr
            (target_gdbarch (), sym_addr, current_inferior ()->top_target ());
          svr4_create_solib_event_breakpoints (info, target_gdbarch (),
                                               sym_addr);
          return 1;
        }
    }

  if (interp_name_holder && !current_inferior ()->attach_flag)
    {
      for (bkpt_namep = bkpt_names; *bkpt_namep != NULL; bkpt_namep++)
        {
          msymbol = lookup_minimal_symbol (*bkpt_namep, NULL, objf);
          if ((msymbol.minsym != NULL)
              && (msymbol.value_address () != 0))
            {
              sym_addr = msymbol.value_address ();
              sym_addr = gdbarch_convert_from_func_ptr_addr
                (target_gdbarch (), sym_addr,
                 current_inferior ()->top_target ());
              svr4_create_solib_event_breakpoints (info, target_gdbarch (),
                                                   sym_addr);
              return 1;
            }
        }
    }
  return 0;
}

/* Read the ELF program headers from ABFD.  */

static gdb::optional<gdb::byte_vector>
read_program_headers_from_bfd (bfd *abfd)
{
  Elf_Internal_Ehdr *ehdr = elf_elfheader (abfd);
  int phdrs_size = ehdr->e_phnum * ehdr->e_phentsize;
  if (phdrs_size == 0)
    return {};

  gdb::byte_vector buf (phdrs_size);
  if (bfd_seek (abfd, ehdr->e_phoff, SEEK_SET) != 0
      || bfd_bread (buf.data (), phdrs_size, abfd) != phdrs_size)
    return {};

  return buf;
}

/* Return 1 and fill *DISPLACEMENTP with detected PIE offset of inferior
   exec_bfd.  Otherwise return 0.

   We relocate all of the sections by the same amount.  This
   behavior is mandated by recent editions of the System V ABI.
   According to the System V Application Binary Interface,
   Edition 4.1, page 5-5:

     ...  Though the system chooses virtual addresses for
     individual processes, it maintains the segments' relative
     positions.  Because position-independent code uses relative
     addressing between segments, the difference between
     virtual addresses in memory must match the difference
     between virtual addresses in the file.  The difference
     between the virtual address of any segment in memory and
     the corresponding virtual address in the file is thus a
     single constant value for any one executable or shared
     object in a given process.  This difference is the base
     address.  One use of the base address is to relocate the
     memory image of the program during dynamic linking.

   The same language also appears in Edition 4.0 of the System V
   ABI and is left unspecified in some of the earlier editions.

   Decide if the objfile needs to be relocated.  As indicated above, we will
   only be here when execution is stopped.  But during attachment PC can be at
   arbitrary address therefore regcache_read_pc can be misleading (contrary to
   the auxv AT_ENTRY value).  Moreover for executable with interpreter section
   regcache_read_pc would point to the interpreter and not the main executable.

   So, to summarize, relocations are necessary when the start address obtained
   from the executable is different from the address in auxv AT_ENTRY entry.

   [ The astute reader will note that we also test to make sure that
     the executable in question has the DYNAMIC flag set.  It is my
     opinion that this test is unnecessary (undesirable even).  It
     was added to avoid inadvertent relocation of an executable
     whose e_type member in the ELF header is not ET_DYN.  There may
     be a time in the future when it is desirable to do relocations
     on other types of files as well in which case this condition
     should either be removed or modified to accomodate the new file
     type.  - Kevin, Nov 2000. ]  */

static int
svr4_exec_displacement (CORE_ADDR *displacementp)
{
  /* ENTRY_POINT is a possible function descriptor - before
     a call to gdbarch_convert_from_func_ptr_addr.  */
  CORE_ADDR entry_point, exec_displacement;

  if (current_program_space->exec_bfd () == NULL)
    return 0;

  /* Therefore for ELF it is ET_EXEC and not ET_DYN.  Both shared libraries
     being executed themselves and PIE (Position Independent Executable)
     executables are ET_DYN.  */

  if ((bfd_get_file_flags (current_program_space->exec_bfd ()) & DYNAMIC) == 0)
    return 0;

  if (target_auxv_search (AT_ENTRY, &entry_point) <= 0)
    return 0;

  exec_displacement
    = entry_point - bfd_get_start_address (current_program_space->exec_bfd ());

  /* Verify the EXEC_DISPLACEMENT candidate complies with the required page
     alignment.  It is cheaper than the program headers comparison below.  */

  if (bfd_get_flavour (current_program_space->exec_bfd ())
      == bfd_target_elf_flavour)
    {
      const struct elf_backend_data *elf
        = get_elf_backend_data (current_program_space->exec_bfd ());

      /* p_align of PT_LOAD segments does not specify any alignment but
         only congruency of addresses:
           p_offset % p_align == p_vaddr % p_align
         Kernel is free to load the executable with lower alignment.  */

      if ((exec_displacement & (elf->minpagesize - 1)) != 0)
        return 0;
    }

  /* Verify that the auxilliary vector describes the same file as exec_bfd, by
     comparing their program headers.  If the program headers in the auxilliary
     vector do not match the program headers in the executable, then we are
     looking at a different file than the one used by the kernel - for
     instance, "gdb program" connected to "gdbserver :PORT ld.so program".  */

  if (bfd_get_flavour (current_program_space->exec_bfd ())
      == bfd_target_elf_flavour)
    {
      /* Be optimistic and return 0 only if GDB was able to verify the headers
         really do not match.  */
      int arch_size;

      gdb::optional<gdb::byte_vector> phdrs_target
        = read_program_header (-1, &arch_size, NULL);
      gdb::optional<gdb::byte_vector> phdrs_binary
        = read_program_headers_from_bfd (current_program_space->exec_bfd ());
      if (phdrs_target && phdrs_binary)
        {
          enum bfd_endian byte_order = gdbarch_byte_order (target_gdbarch ());

          /* We are dealing with three different addresses.  EXEC_BFD
             represents current address in on-disk file.  target memory content
             may be different from EXEC_BFD as the file may have been prelinked
             to a different address after the executable has been loaded.
             Moreover the address of placement in target memory can be
             different from what the program headers in target memory say -
             this is the goal of PIE.

             Detected DISPLACEMENT covers both the offsets of PIE placement and
             possible new prelink performed after start of the program.  Here
             relocate BUF and BUF2 just by the EXEC_BFD vs. target memory
             content offset for the verification purpose.  */

          if (phdrs_target->size () != phdrs_binary->size ()
              || bfd_get_arch_size (current_program_space->exec_bfd ()) != arch_size)
            return 0;
          else if (arch_size == 32
                   && phdrs_target->size () >= sizeof (Elf32_External_Phdr)
                   && phdrs_target->size () % sizeof (Elf32_External_Phdr) == 0)
            {
              Elf_Internal_Ehdr *ehdr2
                = elf_tdata (current_program_space->exec_bfd ())->elf_header;
              Elf_Internal_Phdr *phdr2
                = elf_tdata (current_program_space->exec_bfd ())->phdr;
              CORE_ADDR displacement = 0;
              int i;

              /* DISPLACEMENT could be found more easily by the difference of
                 ehdr2->e_entry.  But we haven't read the ehdr yet, and we
                 already have enough information to compute that displacement
                 with what we've read.  */

              for (i = 0; i < ehdr2->e_phnum; i++)
                if (phdr2[i].p_type == PT_LOAD)
                  {
                    Elf32_External_Phdr *phdrp;
                    gdb_byte *buf_vaddr_p, *buf_paddr_p;
                    CORE_ADDR vaddr, paddr;
                    CORE_ADDR displacement_vaddr = 0;
                    CORE_ADDR displacement_paddr = 0;

                    phdrp = &((Elf32_External_Phdr *) phdrs_target->data ())[i];
                    buf_vaddr_p = (gdb_byte *) &phdrp->p_vaddr;
                    buf_paddr_p = (gdb_byte *) &phdrp->p_paddr;

                    vaddr = extract_unsigned_integer (buf_vaddr_p, 4,
                                                      byte_order);
                    displacement_vaddr = vaddr - phdr2[i].p_vaddr;

                    paddr = extract_unsigned_integer (buf_paddr_p, 4,
                                                      byte_order);
                    displacement_paddr = paddr - phdr2[i].p_paddr;

                    if (displacement_vaddr == displacement_paddr)
                      displacement = displacement_vaddr;

                    break;
                  }

              /* Now compare program headers from the target and the binary
                 with optional DISPLACEMENT.  */

              for (i = 0;
                   i < phdrs_target->size () / sizeof (Elf32_External_Phdr);
                   i++)
                {
                  Elf32_External_Phdr *phdrp;
                  Elf32_External_Phdr *phdr2p;
                  gdb_byte *buf_vaddr_p, *buf_paddr_p;
                  CORE_ADDR vaddr, paddr;
                  asection *plt2_asect;

                  phdrp = &((Elf32_External_Phdr *) phdrs_target->data ())[i];
                  buf_vaddr_p = (gdb_byte *) &phdrp->p_vaddr;
                  buf_paddr_p = (gdb_byte *) &phdrp->p_paddr;
                  phdr2p = &((Elf32_External_Phdr *) phdrs_binary->data ())[i];

                  /* PT_GNU_STACK is an exception by being never relocated by
                     prelink as its addresses are always zero.  */

                  if (memcmp (phdrp, phdr2p, sizeof (*phdrp)) == 0)
                    continue;

                  /* Check also other adjustment combinations - PR 11786.  */

                  vaddr = extract_unsigned_integer (buf_vaddr_p, 4,
                                                    byte_order);
                  vaddr -= displacement;
                  store_unsigned_integer (buf_vaddr_p, 4, byte_order, vaddr);

                  paddr = extract_unsigned_integer (buf_paddr_p, 4,
                                                    byte_order);
                  paddr -= displacement;
                  store_unsigned_integer (buf_paddr_p, 4, byte_order, paddr);

                  if (memcmp (phdrp, phdr2p, sizeof (*phdrp)) == 0)
                    continue;

                  /* Strip modifies the flags and alignment of PT_GNU_RELRO.
                     CentOS-5 has problems with filesz, memsz as well.
                     Strip also modifies memsz of PT_TLS.
                     See PR 11786.  */
                  if (phdr2[i].p_type == PT_GNU_RELRO
                      || phdr2[i].p_type == PT_TLS)
                    {
                      Elf32_External_Phdr tmp_phdr = *phdrp;
                      Elf32_External_Phdr tmp_phdr2 = *phdr2p;

                      memset (tmp_phdr.p_filesz, 0, 4);
                      memset (tmp_phdr.p_memsz, 0, 4);
                      memset (tmp_phdr.p_flags, 0, 4);
                      memset (tmp_phdr.p_align, 0, 4);
                      memset (tmp_phdr2.p_filesz, 0, 4);
                      memset (tmp_phdr2.p_memsz, 0, 4);
                      memset (tmp_phdr2.p_flags, 0, 4);
                      memset (tmp_phdr2.p_align, 0, 4);

                      if (memcmp (&tmp_phdr, &tmp_phdr2, sizeof (tmp_phdr))
                          == 0)
                        continue;
                    }

                  /* prelink can convert .plt SHT_NOBITS to SHT_PROGBITS.  */
                  bfd *exec_bfd = current_program_space->exec_bfd ();
                  plt2_asect = bfd_get_section_by_name (exec_bfd, ".plt");
                  if (plt2_asect)
                    {
                      int content2;
                      gdb_byte *buf_filesz_p = (gdb_byte *) &phdrp->p_filesz;
                      CORE_ADDR filesz;

                      content2 = (bfd_section_flags (plt2_asect)
                                  & SEC_HAS_CONTENTS) != 0;

                      filesz = extract_unsigned_integer (buf_filesz_p, 4,
                                                         byte_order);

                      /* PLT2_ASECT is from on-disk file (exec_bfd) while
                         FILESZ is from the in-memory image.  */
                      if (content2)
                        filesz += bfd_section_size (plt2_asect);
                      else
                        filesz -= bfd_section_size (plt2_asect);

                      store_unsigned_integer (buf_filesz_p, 4, byte_order,
                                              filesz);

                      if (memcmp (phdrp, phdr2p, sizeof (*phdrp)) == 0)
                        continue;
                    }

                  return 0;
                }
            }
          else if (arch_size == 64
                   && phdrs_target->size () >= sizeof (Elf64_External_Phdr)
                   && phdrs_target->size () % sizeof (Elf64_External_Phdr) == 0)
            {
              Elf_Internal_Ehdr *ehdr2
                = elf_tdata (current_program_space->exec_bfd ())->elf_header;
              Elf_Internal_Phdr *phdr2
                = elf_tdata (current_program_space->exec_bfd ())->phdr;
              CORE_ADDR displacement = 0;
              int i;

              /* DISPLACEMENT could be found more easily by the difference of
                 ehdr2->e_entry.  But we haven't read the ehdr yet, and we
                 already have enough information to compute that displacement
                 with what we've read.  */

              for (i = 0; i < ehdr2->e_phnum; i++)
                if (phdr2[i].p_type == PT_LOAD)
                  {
                    Elf64_External_Phdr *phdrp;
                    gdb_byte *buf_vaddr_p, *buf_paddr_p;
                    CORE_ADDR vaddr, paddr;
                    CORE_ADDR displacement_vaddr = 0;
                    CORE_ADDR displacement_paddr = 0;

                    phdrp = &((Elf64_External_Phdr *) phdrs_target->data ())[i];
                    buf_vaddr_p = (gdb_byte *) &phdrp->p_vaddr;
                    buf_paddr_p = (gdb_byte *) &phdrp->p_paddr;

                    vaddr = extract_unsigned_integer (buf_vaddr_p, 8,
                                                      byte_order);
                    displacement_vaddr = vaddr - phdr2[i].p_vaddr;

                    paddr = extract_unsigned_integer (buf_paddr_p, 8,
                                                      byte_order);
                    displacement_paddr = paddr - phdr2[i].p_paddr;

                    if (displacement_vaddr == displacement_paddr)
                      displacement = displacement_vaddr;

                    break;
                  }

              /* Now compare BUF and BUF2 with optional DISPLACEMENT.  */

              for (i = 0;
                   i < phdrs_target->size () / sizeof (Elf64_External_Phdr);
                   i++)
                {
                  Elf64_External_Phdr *phdrp;
                  Elf64_External_Phdr *phdr2p;
                  gdb_byte *buf_vaddr_p, *buf_paddr_p;
                  CORE_ADDR vaddr, paddr;
                  asection *plt2_asect;

                  phdrp = &((Elf64_External_Phdr *) phdrs_target->data ())[i];
                  buf_vaddr_p = (gdb_byte *) &phdrp->p_vaddr;
                  buf_paddr_p = (gdb_byte *) &phdrp->p_paddr;
                  phdr2p = &((Elf64_External_Phdr *) phdrs_binary->data ())[i];

                  /* PT_GNU_STACK is an exception by being never relocated by
                     prelink as its addresses are always zero.  */

                  if (memcmp (phdrp, phdr2p, sizeof (*phdrp)) == 0)
                    continue;

                  /* Check also other adjustment combinations - PR 11786.  */

                  vaddr = extract_unsigned_integer (buf_vaddr_p, 8,
                                                    byte_order);
                  vaddr -= displacement;
                  store_unsigned_integer (buf_vaddr_p, 8, byte_order, vaddr);

                  paddr = extract_unsigned_integer (buf_paddr_p, 8,
                                                    byte_order);
                  paddr -= displacement;
                  store_unsigned_integer (buf_paddr_p, 8, byte_order, paddr);

                  if (memcmp (phdrp, phdr2p, sizeof (*phdrp)) == 0)
                    continue;

                  /* Strip modifies the flags and alignment of PT_GNU_RELRO.
                     CentOS-5 has problems with filesz, memsz as well.
                     Strip also modifies memsz of PT_TLS.
                     See PR 11786.  */
                  if (phdr2[i].p_type == PT_GNU_RELRO
                      || phdr2[i].p_type == PT_TLS)
                    {
                      Elf64_External_Phdr tmp_phdr = *phdrp;
                      Elf64_External_Phdr tmp_phdr2 = *phdr2p;

                      memset (tmp_phdr.p_filesz, 0, 8);
                      memset (tmp_phdr.p_memsz, 0, 8);
                      memset (tmp_phdr.p_flags, 0, 4);
                      memset (tmp_phdr.p_align, 0, 8);
                      memset (tmp_phdr2.p_filesz, 0, 8);
                      memset (tmp_phdr2.p_memsz, 0, 8);
                      memset (tmp_phdr2.p_flags, 0, 4);
                      memset (tmp_phdr2.p_align, 0, 8);

                      if (memcmp (&tmp_phdr, &tmp_phdr2, sizeof (tmp_phdr))
                          == 0)
                        continue;
                    }

                  /* prelink can convert .plt SHT_NOBITS to SHT_PROGBITS.  */
                  plt2_asect
                    = bfd_get_section_by_name (current_program_space->exec_bfd (),
                                               ".plt");
                  if (plt2_asect)
                    {
                      int content2;
                      gdb_byte *buf_filesz_p = (gdb_byte *) &phdrp->p_filesz;
                      CORE_ADDR filesz;

                      content2 = (bfd_section_flags (plt2_asect)
                                  & SEC_HAS_CONTENTS) != 0;

                      filesz = extract_unsigned_integer (buf_filesz_p, 8,
                                                         byte_order);

                      /* PLT2_ASECT is from on-disk file (current
                         exec_bfd) while FILESZ is from the in-memory
                         image.  */
                      if (content2)
                        filesz += bfd_section_size (plt2_asect);
                      else
                        filesz -= bfd_section_size (plt2_asect);

                      store_unsigned_integer (buf_filesz_p, 8, byte_order,
                                              filesz);

                      if (memcmp (phdrp, phdr2p, sizeof (*phdrp)) == 0)
                        continue;
                    }

                  return 0;
                }
            }
          else
            return 0;
        }
    }

  if (info_verbose)
    {
      /* It can be printed repeatedly as there is no easy way to check
         the executable symbols/file has been already relocated to
         displacement.  */

      gdb_printf (_("Using PIE (Position Independent Executable) "
                    "displacement %s for \"%s\".\n"),
                  paddress (target_gdbarch (), exec_displacement),
                  bfd_get_filename (current_program_space->exec_bfd ()));
    }

  *displacementp = exec_displacement;
  return 1;
}

/* Relocate the main executable.  This function should be called upon
   stopping the inferior process at the entry point to the program.
   The entry point from BFD is compared to the AT_ENTRY of AUXV and if they are
   different, the main executable is relocated by the proper amount.  */

static void
svr4_relocate_main_executable (void)
{
  CORE_ADDR displacement;

  /* If we are re-running this executable, SYMFILE_OBJFILE->SECTION_OFFSETS
     probably contains the offsets computed using the PIE displacement
     from the previous run, which of course are irrelevant for this run.
     So we need to determine the new PIE displacement and recompute the
     section offsets accordingly, even if SYMFILE_OBJFILE->SECTION_OFFSETS
     already contains pre-computed offsets.

     If we cannot compute the PIE displacement, either:

       - The executable is not PIE.

       - SYMFILE_OBJFILE does not match the executable started in the target.
         This can happen for main executable symbols loaded at the host while
         `ld.so --ld-args main-executable' is loaded in the target.

     Then we leave the section offsets untouched and use them as is for
     this run.  Either:

       - These section offsets were properly reset earlier, and thus
         already contain the correct values.  This can happen for instance
         when reconnecting via the remote protocol to a target that supports
         the `qOffsets' packet.

       - The section offsets were not reset earlier, and the best we can
         hope is that the old offsets are still applicable to the new run.  */

  if (! svr4_exec_displacement (&displacement))
    return;

  /* Even DISPLACEMENT 0 is a valid new difference of in-memory vs. in-file
     addresses.  */

  objfile *objf = current_program_space->symfile_object_file;
  if (objf)
    {
      section_offsets new_offsets (objf->section_offsets.size (),
                                   displacement);
      objfile_relocate (objf, new_offsets);
    }
  else if (current_program_space->exec_bfd ())
    {
      asection *asect;

      bfd *exec_bfd = current_program_space->exec_bfd ();
      for (asect = exec_bfd->sections; asect != NULL; asect = asect->next)
        exec_set_section_address (bfd_get_filename (exec_bfd), asect->index,
                                  bfd_section_vma (asect) + displacement);
    }
}

/* Implement the "create_inferior_hook" target_solib_ops method.

   For SVR4 executables, this first instruction is either the first
   instruction in the dynamic linker (for dynamically linked
   executables) or the instruction at "start" for statically linked
   executables.  For dynamically linked executables, the system
   first exec's /lib/libc.so.N, which contains the dynamic linker,
   and starts it running.  The dynamic linker maps in any needed
   shared libraries, maps in the actual user executable, and then
   jumps to "start" in the user executable.

   We can arrange to cooperate with the dynamic linker to discover the
   names of shared libraries that are dynamically linked, and the base
   addresses to which they are linked.

   This function is responsible for discovering those names and
   addresses, and saving sufficient information about them to allow
   their symbols to be read at a later time.  */

static void
svr4_solib_create_inferior_hook (int from_tty)
{
  struct svr4_info *info;

  info = get_svr4_info (current_program_space);

  /* Clear the probes-based interface's state.  */
  free_probes_table (info);
  free_solib_lists (info);

  /* Relocate the main executable if necessary.  */
  svr4_relocate_main_executable ();

  /* No point setting a breakpoint in the dynamic linker if we can't
     hit it (e.g., a core file, or a trace file).  */
  if (!target_has_execution ())
    return;

  if (!svr4_have_link_map_offsets ())
    return;

  if (!enable_break (info, from_tty))
    return;
}

static void
svr4_clear_solib (void)
{
  struct svr4_info *info;

  info = get_svr4_info (current_program_space);
  info->debug_base = 0;
  info->debug_loader_offset_p = 0;
  info->debug_loader_offset = 0;
  xfree (info->debug_loader_name);
  info->debug_loader_name = NULL;
}

/* Clear any bits of ADDR that wouldn't fit in a target-format
   data pointer.  "Data pointer" here refers to whatever sort of
   address the dynamic linker uses to manage its sections.  At the
   moment, we don't support shared libraries on any processors where
   code and data pointers are different sizes.

   This isn't really the right solution.  What we really need here is
   a way to do arithmetic on CORE_ADDR values that respects the
   natural pointer/address correspondence.  (For example, on the MIPS,
   converting a 32-bit pointer to a 64-bit CORE_ADDR requires you to
   sign-extend the value.  There, simply truncating the bits above
   gdbarch_ptr_bit, as we do below, is no good.)  This should probably
   be a new gdbarch method or something.  */
static CORE_ADDR
svr4_truncate_ptr (CORE_ADDR addr)
{
  if (gdbarch_ptr_bit (target_gdbarch ()) == sizeof (CORE_ADDR) * 8)
    /* We don't need to truncate anything, and the bit twiddling below
       will fail due to overflow problems.  */
    return addr;
  else
    return addr & (((CORE_ADDR) 1 << gdbarch_ptr_bit (target_gdbarch ())) - 1);
}


static void
svr4_relocate_section_addresses (struct so_list *so,
                                 struct target_section *sec)
{
  bfd *abfd = sec->the_bfd_section->owner;

  sec->addr = svr4_truncate_ptr (sec->addr + lm_addr_check (so, abfd));
  sec->endaddr = svr4_truncate_ptr (sec->endaddr + lm_addr_check (so, abfd));
}
\f

/* Architecture-specific operations.  */

struct solib_svr4_ops
{
  /* Return a description of the layout of `struct link_map'.  */
  struct link_map_offsets *(*fetch_link_map_offsets)(void) = nullptr;
};

/* Per-architecture data key.  */
static const registry<gdbarch>::key<struct solib_svr4_ops> solib_svr4_data;

/* Return a default for the architecture-specific operations.  */

static struct solib_svr4_ops *
get_ops (struct gdbarch *gdbarch)
{
  struct solib_svr4_ops *ops = solib_svr4_data.get (gdbarch);
  if (ops == nullptr)
    ops = solib_svr4_data.emplace (gdbarch);
  return ops;
}

/* Set the architecture-specific `struct link_map_offsets' fetcher for
   GDBARCH to FLMO.  Also, install SVR4 solib_ops into GDBARCH.  */

void
set_solib_svr4_fetch_link_map_offsets (struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
                                       struct link_map_offsets *(*flmo) (void))
{
  struct solib_svr4_ops *ops = get_ops (gdbarch);

  ops->fetch_link_map_offsets = flmo;

  set_gdbarch_so_ops (gdbarch, &svr4_so_ops);
  set_gdbarch_iterate_over_objfiles_in_search_order
    (gdbarch, svr4_iterate_over_objfiles_in_search_order);
}

/* Fetch a link_map_offsets structure using the architecture-specific
   `struct link_map_offsets' fetcher.  */

static struct link_map_offsets *
svr4_fetch_link_map_offsets (void)
{
  struct solib_svr4_ops *ops = get_ops (target_gdbarch ());

  gdb_assert (ops->fetch_link_map_offsets);
  return ops->fetch_link_map_offsets ();
}

/* Return 1 if a link map offset fetcher has been defined, 0 otherwise.  */

static int
svr4_have_link_map_offsets (void)
{
  struct solib_svr4_ops *ops = get_ops (target_gdbarch ());

  return (ops->fetch_link_map_offsets != NULL);
}
\f

/* Most OS'es that have SVR4-style ELF dynamic libraries define a
   `struct r_debug' and a `struct link_map' that are binary compatible
   with the original SVR4 implementation.  */

/* Fetch (and possibly build) an appropriate `struct link_map_offsets'
   for an ILP32 SVR4 system.  */

struct link_map_offsets *
svr4_ilp32_fetch_link_map_offsets (void)
{
  static struct link_map_offsets lmo;
  static struct link_map_offsets *lmp = NULL;

  if (lmp == NULL)
    {
      lmp = &lmo;

      lmo.r_version_offset = 0;
      lmo.r_version_size = 4;
      lmo.r_map_offset = 4;
      lmo.r_brk_offset = 8;
      lmo.r_ldsomap_offset = 20;
      lmo.r_next_offset = -1;

      /* Everything we need is in the first 20 bytes.  */
      lmo.link_map_size = 20;
      lmo.l_addr_offset = 0;
      lmo.l_name_offset = 4;
      lmo.l_ld_offset = 8;
      lmo.l_next_offset = 12;
      lmo.l_prev_offset = 16;
    }

  return lmp;
}

/* Fetch (and possibly build) an appropriate `struct link_map_offsets'
   for an LP64 SVR4 system.  */

struct link_map_offsets *
svr4_lp64_fetch_link_map_offsets (void)
{
  static struct link_map_offsets lmo;
  static struct link_map_offsets *lmp = NULL;

  if (lmp == NULL)
    {
      lmp = &lmo;

      lmo.r_version_offset = 0;
      lmo.r_version_size = 4;
      lmo.r_map_offset = 8;
      lmo.r_brk_offset = 16;
      lmo.r_ldsomap_offset = 40;
      lmo.r_next_offset = -1;

      /* Everything we need is in the first 40 bytes.  */
      lmo.link_map_size = 40;
      lmo.l_addr_offset = 0;
      lmo.l_name_offset = 8;
      lmo.l_ld_offset = 16;
      lmo.l_next_offset = 24;
      lmo.l_prev_offset = 32;
    }

  return lmp;
}
\f

/* Return the DSO matching OBJFILE or nullptr if none can be found.  */

static so_list *
find_solib_for_objfile (struct objfile *objfile)
{
  if (objfile == nullptr)
    return nullptr;

  /* If OBJFILE is a separate debug object file, look for the original
     object file.  */
  if (objfile->separate_debug_objfile_backlink != nullptr)
    objfile = objfile->separate_debug_objfile_backlink;

  for (so_list *so : current_program_space->solibs ())
    if (so->objfile == objfile)
      return so;

  return nullptr;
}

/* Return the address of the r_debug object for the namespace containing
   SOLIB or zero if it cannot be found.  This may happen when symbol files
   are added manually, for example, or with the main executable.

   Current callers treat zero as initial namespace so they are doing the
   right thing for the main executable.  */

static CORE_ADDR
find_debug_base_for_solib (so_list *solib)
{
  if (solib == nullptr)
    return 0;

  svr4_info *info = get_svr4_info (current_program_space);
  gdb_assert (info != nullptr);
  for (const std::pair<CORE_ADDR, so_list *> tuple
         : info->solib_lists)
    {
      CORE_ADDR debug_base = tuple.first;
      so_list *solist = tuple.second;

      for (; solist != nullptr; solist = solist->next)
        if (svr4_same (solib, solist))
          return debug_base;
    }

  return 0;
}

/* Search order for ELF DSOs linked with -Bsymbolic.  Those DSOs have a
   different rule for symbol lookup.  The lookup begins here in the DSO,
   not in the main executable.  When starting from CURRENT_OBJFILE, we
   stay in the same namespace as that file.  Otherwise, we only consider
   the initial namespace.  */

static void
svr4_iterate_over_objfiles_in_search_order
  (gdbarch *gdbarch, iterate_over_objfiles_in_search_order_cb_ftype cb,
   objfile *current_objfile)
{
  bool checked_current_objfile = false;
  if (current_objfile != nullptr)
    {
      bfd *abfd;

      if (current_objfile->separate_debug_objfile_backlink != nullptr)
        current_objfile = current_objfile->separate_debug_objfile_backlink;

      if (current_objfile == current_program_space->symfile_object_file)
        abfd = current_program_space->exec_bfd ();
      else
        abfd = current_objfile->obfd.get ();

      if (abfd != nullptr
          && gdb_bfd_scan_elf_dyntag (DT_SYMBOLIC, abfd, nullptr, nullptr) == 1)
        {
          checked_current_objfile = true;
          if (cb (current_objfile))
            return;
        }
    }

  /* The linker namespace to iterate identified by the address of its
     r_debug object, defaulting to the initial namespace.  */
  CORE_ADDR initial = elf_locate_base ();
  so_list *curr_solib = find_solib_for_objfile (current_objfile);
  CORE_ADDR debug_base = find_debug_base_for_solib (curr_solib);
  if (debug_base == 0)
    debug_base = initial;

  for (objfile *objfile : current_program_space->objfiles ())
    {
      if (checked_current_objfile && objfile == current_objfile)
        continue;

      /* Try to determine the namespace into which objfile was loaded.

         If we fail, e.g. for manually added symbol files or for the main
         executable, we assume that they were added to the initial
         namespace.  */
      so_list *solib = find_solib_for_objfile (objfile);
      CORE_ADDR solib_base = find_debug_base_for_solib (solib);
      if (solib_base == 0)
        solib_base = initial;

      /* Ignore objfiles that were added to a different namespace.  */
      if (solib_base != debug_base)
        continue;

      if (cb (objfile))
        return;
    }
}

const struct target_so_ops svr4_so_ops =
{
  svr4_relocate_section_addresses,
  svr4_free_so,
  svr4_clear_so,
  svr4_clear_solib,
  svr4_solib_create_inferior_hook,
  svr4_current_sos,
  open_symbol_file_object,
  svr4_in_dynsym_resolve_code,
  solib_bfd_open,
  nullptr,
  svr4_same,
  svr4_keep_data_in_core,
  svr4_update_solib_event_breakpoints,
  svr4_handle_solib_event,
};

void _initialize_svr4_solib ();
void
_initialize_svr4_solib ()
{
  gdb::observers::free_objfile.attach (svr4_free_objfile_observer,
                                       "solib-svr4");
}