doc/help/network.html

   1 <HTML>
   2 <!-- SECTION: Getting Started -->
   3 <HEAD>
   4         <TITLE>Using Network Printers</TITLE>
   5 </HEAD>
   6 <BODY>
   7
   8 <H2 CLASS="title"><A NAME="URI">Network Printer URIs</A></H2>
   9
  10 <P>Once you have set the IP address you can access the printer or
  11 print server using the <CODE>ipp</CODE>, <CODE>lpd</CODE>, or
  12 <CODE>socket</CODE> backends. The following is a list of common
  13 network interfaces and printer servers and the settings you
  14 should use with CUPS:</P>
  15
  16 <DIV CLASS="table"><TABLE SUMMARY="Common Device URIs">
  17 <CAPTION>Table 1: Common Device URIs</CAPTION>
  18 <THEAD>
  19 <TR>
  20         <TH>Model/Manufacturer</TH>
  21         <TH>Device URI(s)</TH>
  22 </TR>
  23 </THEAD>
  24 <TBODY>
  25 <TR>
  26         <TD>Apple LaserWriter</TD>
  27         <TD>lpd://<I>address</I>/PASSTHRU</TD>
  28 </TR>
  29 <TR>
  30         <TD>Axis w/o IPP<BR>
  31         Axis OfficeBasic<BR>
  32         <A HREF="#AXIS">(see directions)</A></TD>
  33         <TD>socket://<I>address</I>:9100<BR>
  34         socket://<I>address</I>:9101<BR>
  35         socket://<I>address</I>:9102</TD>
  36 </TR>
  37 <TR>
  38         <TD>Axis w/IPP</TD>
  39         <TD>ipp://<I>address</I>/LPT1<BR>
  40         ipp://<I>address</I>/LPT2<BR>
  41         ipp://<I>address</I>/COM1</TD>
  42 </TR>
  43 <TR>
  44         <TD>Castelle LANpress<SUP>TM</SUP></TD>
  45         <TD>lpd://<I>address</I>/pr1<BR>
  46         lpd://<I>address</I>/pr2<BR>
  47         lpd://<I>address</I>/pr3</TD>
  48 </TR>
  49 <TR>
  50         <TD>DPI NETPrint</TD>
  51         <TD>lpd://<I>address</I>/pr1<BR>
  52         lpd://<I>address</I>/pr2<BR>
  53         lpd://<I>address</I>/pr3</TD>
  54 </TR>
  55 <TR>
  56         <TD>DLink DP-301P+</TD>
  57         <TD>socket://<I>address</I></TD>
  58 </TR>
  59 <TR>
  60         <TD>EFI&reg; Fiery&reg; RIP</TD>
  61         <TD>lpd://<I>address</I>/print</TD>
  62 </TR>
  63 <TR>
  64         <TD>EPSON&reg; Multiprotocol Ethernet Interface Board</TD>
  65         <TD>socket://<I>address</I></TD>
  66 </TR>
  67 <TR>
  68         <TD>Extended System ExtendNET</TD>
  69         <TD>lpd://<I>address</I>/pr1<BR>
  70         lpd://<I>address</I>/pr2<BR>
  71         lpd://<I>address</I>/pr3</TD>
  72 </TR>
  73 <TR>
  74         <TD>Hewlett Packard JetDirect w/o IPP</TD>
  75         <TD>socket://<I>address</I>:9100<BR>
  76         socket://<I>address</I>:9101<BR>
  77         socket://<I>address</I>:9102</TD>
  78 </TR>
  79 <TR>
  80         <TD>Hewlett Packard JetDirect w/IPP</TD>
  81         <TD>ipp://<I>address</I>/ipp<BR>
  82         ipp://<I>address</I>/ipp/port1<BR>
  83         ipp://<I>address</I>/ipp/port2<BR>
  84         ipp://<I>address</I>/ipp/port3</TD>
  85 </TR>
  86 <TR>
  87         <TD>Intel® NetportExpress XL, PRO/100</TD>
  88         <TD>lpd://<I>address</I>/LPT1_PASSTHRU<BR>
  89         lpd://<I>address</I>/LPT2_PASSTHRU<BR>
  90         lpd://<I>address</I>/COM1_PASSTHRU</TD>
  91 </TR>
  92 <TR>
  93         <TD>Lexmark<SUP>TM</SUP> MarkNet</TD>
  94         <TD>lpd://<I>address</I>/ps</TD>
  95 </TR>
  96 <TR>
  97         <TD>Linksys EtherFast&reg;<BR>
  98         <A HREF="#LINKSYS">(see directions)</A></TD>
  99         <TD>socket://<I>address</I>:4010<BR>
 100         socket://<I>address</I>:4020<BR>
 101         socket://<I>address</I>:4030</TD>
 102 </TR>
 103 <TR>
 104         <TD>Linksys PSUS4</TD>
 105         <TD>lpd://<I>address</I>/lp</TD>
 106 </TR>
 107 <TR>
 108         <TD>Kodak&reg;</TD>
 109         <TD>lpd://<I>address</I>/ps</TD>
 110 </TR>
 111 <TR>
 112         <TD>QMS&reg; CrownNet<SUP>TM</SUP></TD>
 113         <TD>lpd://<I>address</I>/ps</TD>
 114 </TR>
 115 <TR>
 116         <TD>Tektronix&reg; PhaserShare<SUP>TM</SUP></TD>
 117         <TD>socket://<I>address</I>:9100</TD>
 118 </TR>
 119 <TR>
 120         <TD>XEROX&reg; 4512 NIC</TD>
 121         <TD>lpd://<I>address</I>/PORT1</TD>
 122 </TR>
 123 <TR>
 124         <TD>XEROX&reg; XNIC</TD>
 125         <TD>lpd://<I>address</I>/PASSTHRU</TD>
 126 </TR>
 127 <TR>
 128         <TD>XEROX&reg; (most others)</TD>
 129         <TD>socket://<I>address</I>:5503</TD>
 130 </TR>
 131 </TBODY>
 132 </TABLE></DIV>
 133
 134 <H2 CLASS="title"><A NAME="ADDRESS">Getting the IP Address</A></H2>
 135
 136 <P>When you first install a network printer or print server on
 137 your LAN, you need to set the Internet Protocol ("IP") address.
 138 On most higher-end "workgroup" printers, you can set the address
 139 through the printer control panel. However, in most cases you
 140 will want to assign the addresses remotely from your workstation.
 141 This makes administration a bit easier and avoids assigning
 142 duplicate addresses accidentally.</P>
 143
 144 <P>To setup your printer or print server for remote address
 145 assignment, you'll need the Ethernet Media Access Control ("MAC")
 146 address, also sometimes called a node address, and the IP address
 147 you want to use for the device. The Ethernet MAC address can
 148 often be found on the printer test page or bottom of the print
 149 server.</P>
 150
 151 <H3>Configuring the IP Address Using ARP</H3>
 152
 153 <P>The easiest way to set the IP address of a network device is
 154 to use the <CODE>arp(8)</CODE> command.  The <CODE>arp</CODE>
 155 sends an Address Resolution Protocol ("ARP") packet to the
 156 specified Ethernet MAC address, setting the network device's IP
 157 address:</P>
 158
 159 <PRE CLASS="command">
 160 <KBD>arp -s ip-address ethernet-address</KBD>
 161 <KBD>arp -s host.domain.com 08:00:69:00:12:34</KBD>
 162 <KBD>arp -s 192.0.2.2 08:00:69:00:12:34</KBD>
 163 </PRE>
 164
 165 <H3>Configuring the IP Address Using RARP</H3>
 166
 167 <P>The most flexible way to remotely assign IP addresses under
 168 UNIX is through the Reverse Address Resolution Protocol ("RARP").
 169 RARP allows a network device to request an IP address using its
 170 Ethernet MAC address, and one or more RARP servers on the network
 171 will respond with an ARP packet with the IP address the device
 172 can use.</P>
 173
 174 <P>RARP should be used when you have to manage many printers or
 175 print servers, or when you have a network device that does not
 176 remember its IP address after a power cycle. If you just have a
 177 single printer or print server, the <CODE>arp</CODE> command is
 178 the way to go.</P>
 179
 180 <P>Some UNIX operating systems use a program called
 181 <CODE>rarpd(8)</CODE> to manage RARP. Others, like Linux, support
 182 this protocol in the kernel. For systems that provide the
 183 <CODE>rarpd</CODE> program you will need to start it before RARP
 184 lookups will work:</P>
 185
 186 <PRE CLASS="command">
 187 <KBD>rarpd</KBD>
 188 </PRE>
 189
 190 <P>Under IRIX you can enable this functionality by default
 191 using:</P>
 192
 193 <PRE CLASS="command">
 194 <KBD>chkconfig rarpd on</KBD>
 195 </PRE>
 196
 197 <P>Both the <CODE>rarpd</CODE> program and kernel RARP support
 198 read a list of Ethernet and IP addresses from the file
 199 <VAR>/etc/ethers</VAR>. Each line contains the Ethernet address
 200 (colon delimited) followed by an IP address or hostname like:</P>
 201
 202 <PRE CLASS="command">
 203 08:00:69:00:12:34 myprinter.mydomain.com
 204 08:00:69:00:12:34 192.0.2.2
 205 </PRE>
 206
 207 <P>Add a line to this file and cycle the power on the printer or
 208 print server to set its address.</P>
 209
 210 <H3>Configuring the IP Address Using BOOTP</H3>
 211
 212 <P>The BOOTP protocol is used when you need to provide additional
 213 information such as the location of a configuration file to the
 214 network interface. Using the standard <CODE>bootpd(8)</CODE>
 215 program supplied with UNIX you simply need to add a line to the
 216 <VAR>/etc/bootptab</VAR> file; for IRIX:</P>
 217
 218 <PRE CLASS="command">
 219 myprinter 08:00:69:00:12:34 192.0.2.2 <VAR>myprinter.boot</VAR>
 220 </PRE>
 221
 222 <P>Newer versions of <CODE>bootpd</CODE> use a different
 223 format:</P>
 224
 225 <PRE CLASS="command">
 226 myprinter:ha=080069001234:ip=192.0.2.2:<VAR>t144=myprinter.boot</VAR>
 227 </PRE>
 228
 229 <P>The <VAR>myprinter.boot</VAR> file resides in the
 230 <VAR>/usr/local/boot</VAR> directory by default. If you do not
 231 need to provide a boot file you may leave the last part of the
 232 line blank.</P>
 233
 234 <BLOCKQUOTE><B>Note:</B>
 235
 236 <P>Some versions of UNIX do not enable the BOOTP service by
 237 default. The <VAR>/etc/inetd.conf</VAR> usually contains a line
 238 for the BOOTP service that can be uncommented if needed.</P>
 239
 240 </BLOCKQUOTE>
 241
 242 <H2 CLASS="title"><A NAME="VERIFY">Verifying the Printer Connection</A></H2>
 243
 244 <P>To test that the IP address has been successfully assigned and
 245 that the printer is properly connected to your LAN, type:</P>
 246
 247 <PRE CLASS="command">
 248 <KBD>ping ip-address</KBD>
 249 </PRE>
 250
 251 <P>If the connection is working properly you will see something
 252 like:</P>
 253
 254 <PRE CLASS="command">
 255 <KBD>ping myprinter</KBD>
 256 PING myprinter (192.0.2.2): 56 data bytes
 257 64 bytes from 192.0.2.2: icmp_seq=0 ttl=15 time=5 ms
 258 64 bytes from 192.0.2.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=15 time=3 ms
 259 64 bytes from 192.0.2.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=15 time=3 ms
 260 64 bytes from 192.0.2.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=15 time=3 ms
 261 </PRE>
 262
 263 <P>If not, verify that the printer or print server is connected
 264 to the LAN, it is powered on, the LAN cabling is good, and the IP
 265 address is set correctly. You can usually see the current IP
 266 address and network status by printing a configuration or test
 267 page on the device.</P>
 268
 269 <H2 CLASS="title"><A NAME="AXIS">Configuring Axis Print Servers</A></H2>
 270
 271 <P>The Axis print servers can be configured using ARP, RARP, or
 272 BOOTP. However, on models that do not provide IPP support an
 273 additional step must be performed to configure the TCP/IP portion
 274 of the print server for use with CUPS.</P>
 275
 276 <P>Each print server contains a configuration file named
 277 <VAR>config</VAR> that contains a list of network parameters used
 278 by the server. To modify this file you must first download it
 279 from the print server using the <CODE>ftp(1)</CODE> program:</P>
 280
 281 <PRE CLASS="command">
 282 <KBD>ftp ip-address</KBD>
 283 Connected to ip-address.
 284 220 Axis NPS ### FTP Printer Server V#.## MON DD YEAR ready.
 285 ftp> <KBD>user root</KBD>
 286 331 User name ok, need password
 287 Password: <KBD>pass</KBD> <I>(this is not echoed)</I>
 288 230 User logged in
 289 ftp> <KBD>get config</KBD>
 290 local: config remote: config
 291 200 PORT command successful.
 292 150 Opening data connection for config (192,0,2,2),
 293 (mode ascii).
 294 226 Transfer complete.
 295 ##### bytes received in #.## seconds (##### Kbytes/s)
 296 ftp> <KBD>quit</KBD>
 297 221 Goodbye.
 298 </PRE>
 299
 300 <P>Next, edit the file with your favorite text editor and locate
 301 the lines beginning with:</P>
 302
 303 <PRE CLASS="command">
 304 RTN_OPT.     : YES
 305 RTEL_PR1.    : 0
 306 RTEL_PR2.    : 0
 307 RTEL_PR3.    : 0
 308 RTEL_PR4.    : 0
 309 RTEL_PR5.    : 0
 310 RTEL_PR6.    : 0
 311 RTEL_PR7.    : 0
 312 RTEL_PR8.    : 0
 313 </PRE>
 314
 315 <P>Change the <CODE>RTN_OPT</CODE> line to read:</P>
 316
 317 <PRE CLASS="command">
 318 RTN_OPT.     : <KBD>NO</KBD>
 319 </PRE>
 320
 321 <P>This disables the Reverse TELNET protocol and enables the
 322 standard TELNET protocol on the print server. Next, assign a port
 323 number for each parallel and serial port on the server as
 324 follows:</P>
 325
 326 <PRE CLASS="command">
 327 RTEL_PR1.    : <KBD>9100</KBD>
 328 RTEL_PR2.    : <KBD>9101</KBD>
 329 RTEL_PR3.    : <KBD>9102</KBD>
 330 RTEL_PR4.    : <KBD>9103</KBD>
 331 RTEL_PR5.    : <KBD>9104</KBD>
 332 RTEL_PR6.    : <KBD>9105</KBD>
 333 RTEL_PR7.    : <KBD>9106</KBD>
 334 RTEL_PR8.    : <KBD>9107</KBD>
 335 </PRE>
 336
 337 <P>This essentially makes the Axis print server look like a
 338 Hewlett Packard JetDirect EX print server. Save the file and then
 339 upload the new <VAR>config</VAR> file using the <CODE>ftp</CODE>
 340 command:</P>
 341
 342 <PRE CLASS="command">
 343 <KBD>ftp ip-address</KBD>
 344 Connected to ip-address.
 345 220 Axis NPS ### FTP Printer Server V#.## MON DD YEAR ready.
 346 ftp> <KBD>user root</KBD>
 347 331 User name ok, need password
 348 Password: <KBD>pass</KBD> <I>(this is not echoed)</I>
 349 230 User logged in
 350 ftp> <KBD>put config CONFIG</KBD>
 351 local: config remote: CONFIG
 352 200 PORT command successful.
 353 150 Opening data connection for config (192,0,2,2), (mode ascii).
 354 226 Transfer complete.
 355 ##### bytes received in #.## seconds (##### Kbytes/s)
 356 ftp> <KBD>get hardreset</KBD>
 357 local: hardreset remote: hardreset
 358 200 PORT command successful.
 359 421 Axis NPS ### hard reset, closing connection.
 360 ftp> <KBD>quit</KBD>
 361 221 Goodbye.
 362 </PRE>
 363
 364 <P>Your Axis print server is now ready for use!</P>
 365
 366 <H2 CLASS="title"><A NAME="LINKSYS">Configuring Linksys Print Servers</A></H2>
 367
 368 <P>The Linksys print servers can be configured using ARP, RARP,
 369 or BOOTP. Like older Axis print servers, an additional step must
 370 be performed to configure the TCP/IP portion of the print server
 371 for use with CUPS.</P>
 372
 373 <P>Each print server contains a configuration file named
 374 <VAR>CONFIG</VAR> that contains a list of network parameters used
 375 by the server. To modify this file you must first download it
 376 from the print server using the <CODE>ftp(1)</CODE> program:</P>
 377
 378 <PRE CLASS="command">
 379 <KBD>ftp -n ip-address</KBD>
 380 Connected to ip-address.
 381 220 Print Server Ready.
 382 Remote system type is Print.
 383 ftp> <KBD>get CONFIG</KBD>
 384 local: CONFIG remote: CONFIG
 385 200 Command OK.
 386 150 Open ASCII Mode Connection.
 387 WARNING! 68 bare linefeeds received in ASCII mode
 388 File may not have transferred correctly.
 389 226 Transfer complete.
 390 ##### bytes received in #.## seconds (##### Kbytes/s)
 391 ftp> <KBD>quit</KBD>
 392 221 Goodbye.
 393 </PRE>
 394
 395 <P>Next, edit the file with your favorite text editor and locate
 396 the lines beginning with:</P>
 397
 398 <PRE CLASS="command">
 399 0100 L1_PROUT:P1
 400 0120 L2_PROUT:P1
 401 0140 L3_PROUT:P1
 402 </PRE>
 403
 404 <P>Change the port number for each parallel and serial port on
 405 the server as follows:</P>
 406
 407 <PRE CLASS="command">
 408 0100 L1_PROUT:<KBD>P1</KBD>
 409 0120 L2_PROUT:<KBD>P2</KBD>
 410 0140 L3_PROUT:<KBD>P3</KBD>
 411 </PRE>
 412
 413 <P>This maps each virtual printer with a physical port. Save the
 414 file and then upload the new <VAR>CONFIG</VAR> file using the
 415 <CODE>ftp</CODE> command:</P>
 416
 417 <PRE CLASS="command">
 418 <KBD>ftp -n ip-address</KBD>
 419 Connected to ip-address.
 420 220 Print Server Ready.
 421 Remote system type is Print.
 422 ftp> <KBD>put CONFIG</KBD>
 423 local: CONFIG remote: CONFIG
 424 200 Command OK.
 425 150 Open ASCII Mode Connection.
 426 226 Transfer complete.
 427 ##### bytes received in #.## seconds (##### Kbytes/s)
 428 ftp> <KBD>quit</KBD>
 429 221 Goodbye.
 430 </PRE>
 431
 432 <P>Your Linksys print server is now ready for use!</P>
 433
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