doc/sum.shtml

   1 <HTML>
   2 <HEAD>
   3         <META NAME="Description" CONTENT="Common UNIX Printing System Software Users Manual">
   4         <META NAME="COPYRIGHT" CONTENT="Copyright 1997-2000, All Rights Reserved">
   5         <META NAME="DOCNUMBER" CONTENT="CUPS-SUM-1.1">
   6         <META NAME="Author" CONTENT="Easy Software Products">
   7         <TITLE>CUPS Software Users Manual</TITLE>
   8 </HEAD>
   9 <BODY>
  10
  11 <H1 ALIGN="RIGHT">Preface</H1>
  12
  13 <P>This software users manual describes how to use the Common UNIX Printing
  14 System<SUP>TM</SUP> ("CUPS<SUP>TM</SUP>") Version 1.1.
  15
  16 <EMBED SRC="system-overview.shtml">
  17
  18 <!-- NEED 2in -->
  19 <H2>Document Overview</H2>
  20
  21 <P>This software users manual is organized into the following sections:</P>
  22
  23 <UL>
  24         <LI><A HREF="#OVERVIEW">1 - Printing System Overview</A>
  25         <LI><A HREF="#USING_SYSTEM">2 - Using the Printing System</A>
  26         <LI><A HREF="#STANDARD_OPTIONS">3 - Standard Printer Options</A>
  27         <LI><A HREF="#SAVING_OPTIONS">4 - Saving Printer Options and Defaults</A>
  28         <LI><A HREF="#LICENSE">A - Software License Agreement</A>
  29 </UL>
  30
  31 <H2>Notation Conventions</H2>
  32
  33 <P>Various font and syntax conventions are used in this guide. Examples and
  34 their meanings and uses are explained below:
  35
  36 <CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="80%">
  37 <TR>
  38         <TH>Example</TH>
  39         <TD>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
  40         <TH>Description</TH>
  41 </TR>
  42 <TR><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  43 <TR VALIGN="TOP">
  44         <TD><CODE>lpstat</CODE><BR>
  45         <CODE>lpstat(1)</CODE></TD>
  46
  47         <TD>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
  48
  49         <TD>The names of commands; the first mention of a command or
  50         function in a chapter is followed by a manual page section
  51         number.</TD>
  52 </TR>
  53 <TR><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  54 <TR VALIGN="TOP">
  55         <TD><VAR>/var</VAR><BR>
  56         <VAR>/usr/share/cups/data/testprint.ps</VAR></TD>
  57
  58         <TD>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
  59
  60         <TD>File and directory names.</TD>
  61 </TR>
  62 <TR><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  63 <TR VALIGN="TOP">
  64         <TD NOWRAP><TT>Request ID is Printer-123</TT></TD>
  65
  66         <TD>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
  67
  68         <TD>Screen output.</TD>
  69 </TR>
  70 <TR><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  71 <TR VALIGN="TOP">
  72         <TD NOWRAP><KBD>lp -d printer filename ENTER</KBD></TD>
  73
  74         <TD>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
  75
  76         <TD>Literal user input; special keys like <KBD>ENTER</B></KBD> are
  77         in ALL CAPS.</TD>
  78 </TR>
  79 <TR><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  80 <TR VALIGN="TOP">
  81         <TD>12.3</TD>
  82
  83         <TD>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
  84
  85         <TD>Numbers in the text are written using the period (.) to indicate
  86         the decimal point.</TD>
  87 </TR>
  88 </TABLE></CENTER>
  89
  90 <!-- NEED 3in -->
  91 <H2>Abbreviations</H2>
  92
  93 The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual:
  94
  95 <UL>
  96 <DL>
  97
  98         <DT>kb
  99         <DD>Kilobytes, or 1024 bytes<BR>&nbsp;
 100
 101         <DT>Mb
 102         <DD>Megabytes, or 1048576 bytes<BR>&nbsp;
 103
 104         <DT>Gb
 105         <DD>Gigabytes, or 1073741824 bytes<BR>&nbsp;
 106
 107 </DL>
 108 </UL>
 109
 110 <H2>Other References</H2>
 111
 112 <UL>
 113 <DL>
 114
 115         <DT>CUPS Software Administrators Manual
 116
 117         <DD>An administration guide for the CUPS software.<BR>&nbsp;
 118
 119         <DT>CUPS Software Programmers Manual
 120
 121         <DD>A programmer guide for interfacing with and/or extending the CUPS
 122         software.<BR>&nbsp;
 123
 124 </DL>
 125 </UL>
 126
 127
 128 <EMBED SRC="printing-overview.shtml">
 129
 130
 131 <H1 ALIGN="RIGHT"><A NAME="USING_SYSTEM">2 - Using the Printing System</A></H1>
 132
 133 <P>This chapter shows you how to submit, query, and cancel print jobs to
 134 different printers.
 135
 136 <H2>Submitting Files for Printing</H2>
 137
 138 <P>CUPS provides both the System V (<CODE>lp(1)</CODE>) and Berkeley
 139 (<CODE>lpr(1)</CODE>) printing commands. Type the following command to
 140 print a file to the default (or only) printer on the system:
 141
 142 <UL><PRE>
 143 <B>lp filename ENTER</B>
 144 </PRE></UL>
 145
 146 <P>or:
 147
 148 <UL><PRE>
 149 <B>lpr filename ENTER</B>
 150 </PRE></UL>
 151
 152 <P>CUPS understands many different types of files directly, including
 153 PostScript and image files. This allows you to print from inside your
 154 applications or at the command-line, whichever is most convenient!
 155
 156 <H2>Choosing a Printer</H2>
 157
 158 <P>Many systems will have more than one printer available to the user. These
 159 printers can be attached to the local system via a parallel, serial, or USB
 160 port, or available over the network.
 161
 162 <P>Use the <CODE>lpstat(1)</CODE> command to see a list of available printers:
 163
 164 <UL><PRE>
 165 <B>lpstat -p -d ENTER</B>
 166 </PRE></UL>
 167
 168 <P>The <CODE>-p</CODE> option specifies that you want to see a list of
 169 printers, and the <CODE>-d</CODE> option reports the current system
 170 default printer or class.
 171
 172 <P>Use the <CODE>-d</CODE> option with the <CODE>lp</CODE> command to
 173 print to a specific printer:
 174
 175 <UL><PRE>
 176 <B>lp -d printer filename ENTER</B>
 177 </PRE></UL>
 178
 179 <P>or the <CODE>-P</CODE> option with the <CODE>lpr</CODE> command:
 180
 181 <UL><PRE>
 182 <B>lpr -P printer filename ENTER</B>
 183 </PRE></UL>
 184
 185 <H2>Setting Printer Options</H2>
 186
 187 <P>For many types of files, the default printer options may be sufficient for
 188 your needs. However, there may be times when you need to change the options
 189 for a particular file you are printing.
 190
 191 <P>The <CODE>lp</CODE> and <CODE>lpr</CODE> commands allow you to pass
 192 printer options using the <CODE>-o</CODE> option:
 193
 194 <UL><PRE>
 195 <B>lp -o landscape -o scaling=75 -o media=A4 filename.jpg
 196 <B>lpr -o landscape -o scaling=75 -o media=A4 filename.jpg
 197 </PRE></UL>
 198
 199 <P>The available printer options vary depending on the printer. The standard
 200 options are described in <A HREF="#STANDARD_OPTIONS">Chapter 3, "Standard
 201 Printing Options"</A>.
 202
 203 <H2>Printing Multiple Copies</H2>
 204
 205 <P>Both the <CODE>lp</CODE> and <CODE>lpr</CODE> commands have options for
 206 printing more than one copy of a file:
 207
 208 <UL><PRE>
 209 <B>lp -n <I>num-copies</I> filename ENTER</B>
 210 <B>lpr -#<I>num-copies</I> filename ENTER</B>
 211 </PRE></UL>
 212
 213 <P>Copies are normally <I>not</I> collated for you. Use the <CODE>-o
 214 Collate=True</CODE> option to get collated copies :
 215
 216 <UL><PRE>
 217 <B>lp -n <I>num-copies</I> -o Collate=True filename ENTER</B>
 218 <B>lpr -#<I>num-copies</I> -o Collate=True filename ENTER</B>
 219 </PRE></UL>
 220
 221 <!-- NEED 3in -->
 222 <H2>Checking the Printer Status from the Command-Line</H2>
 223
 224 <P>The <CODE>lpstat</CODE> command can be used to check for jobs that you
 225 have submitted for printing:
 226
 227 <UL><PRE>
 228 <B>lpstat ENTER</B>
 229 Printer-1 johndoe 4427776
 230 Printer-2 johndoe 15786
 231 Printer-3 johndoe 372842
 232 </PRE></UL>
 233
 234 <P>The jobs are listed in the order they will be printed. Use the
 235 <CODE>-p</CODE> option to see which files and printers are active:
 236
 237 <UL><PRE>
 238 <B>lpstat -p ENTER</B>
 239 printer DeskJet now printing DeskJet-1.
 240 </PRE></UL>
 241
 242 <!-- NEED 2in -->
 243 <P>Use the <CODE>-o</CODE> and <CODE>-p</CODE> options together to show
 244 the jobs and the printers:
 245
 246 <UL><PRE>
 247 <B>lpstat -o -p ENTER</B>
 248 Printer-1 johndoe 4427776
 249 Printer-2 johndoe 15786
 250 Printer-3 johndoe 372842
 251 printer DeskJet now printing DeskJet-1.
 252 </PRE></UL>
 253
 254 <H2>Checking the Printer Status from the Web</H2>
 255
 256 <P>Since CUPS uses the Internet Printing Protocol, it is also a
 257 fully-functional web server. To use your web browser to monitor the
 258 printers on your system, open the URL:
 259
 260 <UL><PRE>
 261 <A HREF="http://localhost:631">http://localhost:631</A>
 262 </PRE></UL>
 263
 264 <P>From there you can view the status of classes, jobs, and printers
 265 with the click of a button!
 266
 267 <H2>Canceling a Print Job</H2>
 268
 269 <P>The <CODE>cancel(1)</CODE> and <CODE>lprm(1)</CODE> commands cancel
 270 a print job:
 271
 272 <UL><PRE>
 273 <B>cancel <I>job-id</I> ENTER</B>
 274 <B>lprm <I>job-id</I> ENTER</B>
 275 </PRE></UL>
 276
 277 <P>The <CODE>job-id</CODE> is the number that was reported to you by
 278 the <CODE>lp</CODE> or <CODE>lpstat</CODE> commands.
 279
 280
 281 <H1 ALIGN="RIGHT"><A NAME="STANDARD_OPTIONS">3 - Standard Printer Options</A></H1>
 282
 283 <P>This chapter describes the standard printer options that are available
 284 when printing with the <CODE>lp</CODE> and <CODE>lpr</CODE> commands.
 285
 286 <H2>General Options</H2>
 287
 288 <P>The following options apply when printing all types of files.
 289
 290 <H3>Setting the Orientation</H3>
 291
 292 <P>The <CODE>-o landscape</CODE> option will rotate the page 90 degrees
 293 to print in landscape orientation:
 294
 295 <UL><PRE>
 296 <B>lp -o landscape filename ENTER</B>
 297 <B>lpr -o landscape filename ENTER</B>
 298 </PRE></UL>
 299
 300 <!-- NEED 2in -->
 301 <H3>Selecting the Media Size, Type, and Source</H3>
 302
 303 <P>The <CODE>-o media=xyz</CODE> option sets the media size, type,
 304 and/or source:
 305
 306 <UL><PRE>
 307 <B>lp -o media=Letter filename ENTER</B>
 308 <B>lp -o media=Letter,MultiPurpose filename ENTER</B>
 309 <B>lpr -o media=Letter,Transparency filename ENTER</B>
 310 <B>lpr -o media=Letter,MultiPurpose,Transparency filename ENTER</B>
 311 </PRE></UL>
 312
 313 <!-- NEED 3in -->
 314 <P>The available media sizes, types, and sources depend on the printer, but
 315 most support the following options (case is not significant):
 316
 317 <UL>
 318
 319         <LI><CODE>Letter</CODE> - US Letter (8.5x11 inches, or 216x279mm)
 320
 321         <LI><CODE>Legal</CODE> - US Legal (8.5x14 inches, or 216x356mm)
 322
 323         <LI><CODE>A4</CODE> - ISO A4 (8.27x11.69 inches, or 210x297mm)
 324
 325         <LI><CODE>COM10</CODE> - US #10 Envelope (9.5x4.125 inches, or
 326         241x105mm)
 327
 328         <LI><CODE>DL</CODE> - ISO DL Envelope (8.66x4.33 inches, or 220x110mm)
 329
 330         <LI><CODE>Transparency</CODE> - Transparency media type or source
 331
 332         <LI><CODE>Upper</CODE> - Upper paper tray
 333
 334         <LI><CODE>Lower</CODE> - Lower paper tray
 335
 336         <LI><CODE>MultiPurpose</CODE> - Multi-purpose paper tray
 337
 338         <LI><CODE>LargeCapacity</CODE> - Large capacity paper tray
 339
 340 </UL>
 341
 342 <P>The actual options supported are defined in the printer's PPD file
 343 in the <CODE>PageSize</CODE>, <CODE>InputSlot</CODE>, and
 344 <CODE>MediaType</CODE> options.
 345
 346 <H3>Printing On Both Sides of the Paper</H3>
 347
 348 <P>The <CODE>-o sides=two-sided-short-edge</CODE> and <CODE>-o
 349 sides=two-sided-long-edge</CODE> options will enable duplexing on the
 350 printer, if the printer supports it. The <CODE>-o
 351 sides=two-sided-short-edge</CODE> option is suitable for landscape
 352 pages, while the <CODE>-o sides=two-sided-long-edge</CODE> option is
 353 suitable for portrait pages:
 354
 355 <UL><PRE>
 356 <B>lp -o sides=two-sided-short-edge filename ENTER</B>
 357 <B>lp -o sides=two-sided-long-edge filename ENTER</B>
 358 <B>lpr -o sides=two-sided-long-edge filename ENTER</B>
 359 </PRE></UL>
 360
 361 <P>The default is to print single-sided:
 362
 363 <UL><PRE>
 364 <B>lp -o sides=one-sided filename ENTER</B>
 365 <B>lpr -o sides=one-sided filename ENTER</B>
 366 </PRE></UL>
 367
 368 <H3>Selecting a Range of Pages</H3>
 369
 370 <P>The <CODE>-o page-ranges=pages</CODE> option selects a range of
 371 pages for printing:
 372
 373 <UL><PRE>
 374 <B>lp -o page-ranges=1 filename ENTER</B>
 375 <B>lp -o page-ranges=1-4 filename ENTER</B>
 376 <B>lp -o page-ranges=1-4,7,9-12 filename ENTER</B>
 377 <B>lpr -o page-ranges=1-4,7,9-12 filename ENTER</B>
 378 </PRE></UL>
 379
 380 <P>As shown above, the <CODE>pages</CODE> value can be a single page, a
 381 range of pages, or a collection of page numbers and ranges separated by
 382 commas. The pages will always be printed in ascending order, regardless
 383 of the order of the pages in the <CODE>page-ranges</CODE> option.
 384
 385 <P>The default is to print all pages.
 386
 387 <H3>Selecting Even or Odd Pages</H3>
 388
 389 <P>Use the <CODE>-o page-set=set</CODE> option to select the even or odd pages:
 390
 391 <UL><PRE>
 392 <B>lp -o page-set=odd filename ENTER</B>
 393 <B>lp -o page-set=even filename ENTER</B>
 394 <B>lpr -o page-set=even filename ENTER</B>
 395 </PRE></UL>
 396
 397 <P>The default is to print all pages.
 398
 399 <H3>N-Up Printing</H3>
 400
 401 <P>The <CODE>-o number-up=value</CODE> option selects N-Up printing.
 402 N-Up printing places multiple document pages on a single printed page.
 403 CUPS supports 1-Up, 2-Up, and 4-Up formats:
 404
 405 <UL><PRE>
 406 <B>lp -o number-up=1 filename ENTER</B>
 407 <B>lp -o number-up=2 filename ENTER</B>
 408 <B>lp -o number-up=4 filename ENTER</B>
 409 <B>lpr -o number-up=4 filename ENTER</B>
 410 </PRE></UL>
 411
 412 <P>The default format is 1-Up.
 413
 414 <H3>Setting the Brightness</H3>
 415
 416 <P>You can control the overall brightness of the printed output using the
 417 <CODE>-o brightness=percent</CODE> option:
 418
 419 <UL><PRE>
 420 <B>lp -o brightness=120 filename ENTER</B>
 421 <B>lpr -o brightness=120 filename ENTER</B>
 422 </PRE></UL>
 423
 424 <P>Values greater than 100 will lighten the print, while values less than
 425 100 will darken it.
 426
 427 <H3>Setting the Gamma Correction</H3>
 428
 429 <P>You can control the overall gamma correction of the printed output
 430 using the <CODE>-o gamma=value</CODE> option:
 431
 432 <UL><PRE>
 433 <B>lp -o gamma=1700 filename ENTER</B>
 434 <B>lpr -o gamma=1700 filename ENTER</B>
 435 </PRE></UL>
 436
 437 <P>Values greater than 1000 will lighten the print, while values less
 438 than 1000 will darken it. The default gamma is 1000.
 439
 440 <H2>Text Options</H2>
 441
 442 <P>The following options apply when printing text files.
 443
 444 <H3>Setting the Number of Characters Per Inch</H3>
 445
 446 <P>The <CODE>-o cpi=value</CODE> option sets the number of characters per inch:
 447
 448 <UL><PRE>
 449 <B>lp -o cpi=10 filename ENTER</B>
 450 <B>lp -o cpi=12 filename ENTER</B>
 451 <B>lpr -o cpi=17 filename ENTER</B>
 452 </PRE></UL>
 453
 454 <P>The default characters per inch is 10.
 455
 456 <H3>Setting the Number of Lines Per Inch</H3>
 457
 458 <P>The <CODE>-o lpi=value</CODE> option sets the number of lines per inch:
 459
 460 <UL><PRE>
 461 <B>lp -o lpi=6 filename ENTER</B>
 462 <B>lpr -o lpi=8 filename ENTER</B>
 463 </PRE></UL>
 464
 465 <P>The default lines per inch is 6.
 466
 467 <H3>Setting the Number of Columns</H3>
 468
 469 <P>The <CODE>-o columns=value</CODE> option sets the number of text columns:
 470
 471 <UL><PRE>
 472 <B>lp -o columns=2 filename ENTER</B>
 473 <B>lpr -o columns=3 filename ENTER</B>
 474 </PRE></UL>
 475
 476 <P>The default number of columns is 1.
 477
 478 <H3>Setting the Page Margins</H3>
 479
 480 <P>Normally the page margins are set to the hard limits of the printer.
 481 Use the <CODE>-o page-left=value</CODE>, <CODE>-o
 482 page-right=value</CODE>, <CODE>-o page-top=value</CODE>, and <CODE>-o
 483 page-bottom=value</CODE> options to adjust the page margins:
 484
 485 <UL><PRE>
 486 <B>lp -o page-left=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
 487 <B>lp -o page-right=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
 488 <B>lp -o page-top=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
 489 <B>lp -o page-bottom=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
 490 <B>lpr -o page-bottom=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
 491 </PRE></UL>
 492
 493 <P>The <CODE>value</CODE> argument is the margin in points; each point is 1/72 inch
 494 or 0.35mm.
 495
 496 <H3>Pretty Printing</H3>
 497
 498 <P>The <CODE>-o prettyprint</CODE> option puts a header at the top of each page with the
 499 page number, job title (usually the filename), and the date. Also, C and C++
 500 keywords are highlighted, and comment lines are italicized:
 501
 502 <UL><PRE>
 503 <B>lp -o prettyprint filename ENTER</B>
 504 <B>lpr -o prettyprint filename ENTER</B>
 505 </PRE></UL>
 506
 507 <H2>Image Options</H2>
 508
 509 <P>The following options apply when printing image files.
 510
 511 <H3>Scaling the Image</H3>
 512
 513 <P>The <CODE>-o scaling=percent</CODE> and <CODE>-o ppi=value</CODE>
 514 options change the size of a printed image:
 515
 516 <UL><PRE>
 517 <B>lp -o scaling=<I>percent</I> filename ENTER</B>
 518 <B>lp -o ppi=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
 519 <B>lpr -o ppi=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
 520 </PRE></UL>
 521
 522 <P>The <CODE>percent</CODE> value is a number from 1 to 800
 523 specifying the size in relation to the page (<I>not</I> the image.) A
 524 scaling of 100 percent will fill the page as completely as the image
 525 aspect ratio allows. A scaling of 200 percent will print on up to 4
 526 pages.
 527
 528 <P>The ppi <CODE>value</CODE> is a number from 1 to 1200 specifying the
 529 resolution of the image in pixels per inch. An image that is 3000x2400
 530 pixels will print 10x8 inches at 300 pixels per inch, for example. If
 531 the specified resolution makes the image larger than the page, multiple
 532 pages will be printed to satisfy the request.
 533
 534 <H3>Adjusting the Hue (Tint) of an Image</H3>
 535
 536 <P>The <CODE>-o hue=value</CODE> option will adjust the hue of the
 537 printed image, much like the tint control on your television:
 538
 539 <UL><PRE>
 540 <B>lp -o hue=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
 541 <B>lpr -o hue=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
 542 </PRE></UL>
 543
 544 <!-- NEED 3in -->
 545 <P>The <CODE>value</CODE> argument is a number from -360 to 360 and represents the
 546 color hue rotation. The following table summarizes the change you'll see with
 547 different colors:
 548
 549 <CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="50%" BORDER="1">
 550 <TR>
 551         <TH>Original</TH>
 552         <TH>hue=-45</TH>
 553         <TH>hue=45</TH>
 554 </TR>
 555 <TR>
 556         <TD>Red</TD>
 557         <TD>Purple</TD>
 558         <TD>Yellow-orange</TD>
 559 </TR>
 560 <TR>
 561         <TD>Green</TD>
 562         <TD>Yellow-green</TD>
 563         <TD>Blue-green</TD>
 564 </TR>
 565 <TR>
 566         <TD>Yellow</TD>
 567         <TD>Orange</TD>
 568         <TD>Green-yellow</TD>
 569 </TR>
 570 <TR>
 571         <TD>Blue</TD>
 572         <TD>Sky-blue</TD>
 573         <TD>Purple</TD>
 574 </TR>
 575 <TR>
 576         <TD>Magenta</TD>
 577         <TD>Indigo</TD>
 578         <TD>Crimson</TD>
 579 </TR>
 580 <TR>
 581         <TD>Cyan</TD>
 582         <TD>Blue-green</TD>
 583         <TD>Light-navy-blue</TD>
 584 </TR>
 585 </TABLE></CENTER>
 586
 587 <P>The default hue adjustment is 0.
 588
 589 <H3>Adjusting the Saturation (Color) of an Image</H3>
 590
 591 <P>The <CODE>-o saturation=percent</CODE> option adjusts the saturation
 592 of the colors in an image, much like the color knob on your television:
 593
 594 <UL><PRE>
 595 <B>lp -o saturation=<I>percent</I> filename ENTER</B>
 596 <B>lpr -o saturation=<I>percent</I> filename ENTER</B>
 597 </PRE></UL>
 598
 599 <P>The <CODE>percent</CODE> argument specifies the color saturation
 600 from 0 to 200. A color saturation of 0 produces a black-and-white
 601 print, while a value of 200 will make the colors extremely intense.
 602
 603 <P>The default saturation is 100.
 604
 605 <!-- NEED 2in -->
 606 <H2>HP-GL/2 Options</H2>
 607
 608 <P>The following options apply to HP-GL/2 files.
 609
 610 <H3>Printing in Black</H3>
 611
 612 <P>The <CODE>-o blackplot</CODE> option specifies that all pens should
 613 plot in black:
 614
 615 <U><PRE>
 616 <B>lp -o blackplot filename ENTER</B>
 617 <B>lpr -o blackplot filename ENTER</B>
 618 </PRE></UL>
 619
 620 <P>The default is to use the colors defined in the plot file or the
 621 standard pen colors defined in the HP-GL/2 reference manual from
 622 Hewlett Packard.
 623
 624 <H3>Fitting the Plot on the Page</H3>
 625
 626 <P>The <CODE>-o fitplot</CODE> option specifies that the plot should be
 627 scaled to fit on the page:
 628
 629 <U><PRE>
 630 <B>lp -o fitplot filename ENTER</B>
 631 <B>lpr -o fitplot filename ENTER</B>
 632 </PRE></UL>
 633
 634 <P>The default is to use the absolute distances specified in the plot
 635 file.
 636
 637 <CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="80%" CELLPADDING="5" BORDER="1" BGCOLOR="#cccccc">
 638 <TR>
 639         <TD>
 640         <B>NOTE:</B>
 641
 642         <P>This feature depends upon an accurate plot size (<CODE>PS</CODE>)
 643         command in the HP-GL/2 file. If no plot size is given in the file
 644         than the HP-GL/2 filter assumes the plot is ANSI E size.
 645         </TD>
 646 </TR>
 647 </TABLE></CENTER>
 648
 649 <H3>Setting the Default Pen Width</H3>
 650
 651 <P>The <CODE>-o penwidth=value</CODE> option specifies the default pen
 652 width for HP-GL/2 files:
 653
 654 <UL><PRE>
 655 <B>lp -o penwidth=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
 656 <B>lpr -o penwidth=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B>
 657 </PRE></UL>
 658
 659 <P>The pen width <CODE>value</CODE> specifies the pen width in micrometers.
 660 The default value of 1000 produces lines that are 1 millimeter in width.
 661 Specifying a pen width of 0 produces lines that are exactly 1 pixel wide.
 662
 663 <CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="80%" CELLPADDING="5" BORDER="1" BGCOLOR="#cccccc">
 664 <TR>
 665         <TD>
 666         <B>NOTE:</B>
 667
 668         <P>This option is ignored when the pen widths are set in the
 669         plot file.
 670         </TD>
 671 </TR>
 672 </TABLE></CENTER>
 673
 674
 675 <H1 ALIGN="RIGHT"><A NAME="SAVING_OPTIONS">4 - Saving Printer Options and Defaults</A></H1>
 676
 677 <P>This chapter describes how to save printer options for your printer and
 678 set your own default printer.
 679
 680 <H2>Printer Options</H2>
 681
 682 <P>Each printer supports a large number of options, which you learned about
 683 in <A HREF="#STANDARD_OPTIONS">Chapter 3, "Standard Printer Options"</A>.
 684 Rather than specifying these options each time you print a file, CUPS allows
 685 you to save them as "default" options for the printer.
 686
 687 <P>The <CODE>lpoptions(1)</CODE> command saves the options for your printers.
 688 Like the <CODE>lp</CODE> and <CODE>lpr</CODE> commands, it accepts printer
 689 options using the <CODE>-o</CODE> argument:
 690
 691 <UL><PRE>
 692 <B>lpoptions -o media=A4 -o sides=two-sided-long-edge ENTER</B>
 693 <B>lpoptions -o media=Legal -o scaling=100 ENTER</B>
 694 </PRE></UL>
 695
 696 <P>Once saved, any <CODE>lp</CODE> or <CODE>lpr</CODE> command will
 697 use them when you print.
 698
 699 <H2>Setting Options for a Specific Printer</H2>
 700
 701 <P>The previous example shows how to set the options for the default
 702 printer. The <CODE>-p printer</CODE> option specifies the options are
 703 for another printer:
 704
 705 <UL><PRE>
 706 <B>lpoptions -p laserjet -o media=A4 -o sides=two-sided-long-edge ENTER</B>
 707 <B>lpoptions -p deskjet -o media=Legal -o scaling=100 ENTER</B>
 708 </PRE></UL>
 709
 710 <H2>Viewing the Current Defaults</H2>
 711
 712 <P>The <CODE>lpoptions</CODE> command can also be used to show the current
 713 options by not specifying any new options on the command-line:
 714
 715 <UL><PRE>
 716 <B>lpoptions ENTER</B>
 717 media=A4 sides=two-sided-long-edge
 718 <B>lpoptions -p deskjet ENTER</B>
 719 media=Legal scaling=100
 720 </PRE></UL>
 721
 722 <H2>Setting the Default Printer</H2>
 723
 724 <P>The administrator normally will set a system-wide default printer
 725 that is normally used as the default printer by everyone. Use the
 726 <CODE>-d printer</CODE> option to set your own default printer:
 727
 728 <UL><PRE>
 729 <B>lpoptions -d deskjet ENTER</B>
 730 </PRE></UL>
 731
 732 <P>The printer can be local (<CODE>deskjet</CODE>) or remote
 733 (<CODE>deskjet@server</CODE>).
 734
 735 <H2>Printer Instances</H2>
 736
 737 <P>Besides setting options for each print queue, CUPS supports
 738 <I>printer instances</I> which allow you to define several different
 739 sets of options for each printer. You specify a printer instance using
 740 the slash (<CODE>/</CODE>) character:
 741
 742 <UL><PRE>
 743 <B>lpoptions -p laserjet/duplex -o sides=two-sided-long-edge ENTER</B>
 744 <B>lpoptions -p laserjet/legal -o media=Legal ENTER</B>
 745 </PRE></UL>
 746
 747 <P>The <CODE>lp</CODE> and </CODE>lpr</CODE> commands also understand
 748 this notation:
 749
 750 <UL><PRE>
 751 <B>lp -d laserjet/duplex filename ENTER</B>
 752 <B>lpr -P laserjet/legal filename ENTER</B>
 753 </PRE></UL>
 754
 755 <H2>Removing Instances</H2>
 756
 757 <P>Use the <CODE>-x printer/instance</CODE> option to remove a printer
 758 instance that you no longer need:
 759
 760 <UL><PRE>
 761 <B>lpoptions -x laserjet ENTER</B>
 762 <B>lpoptions -x laserjet/duplex ENTER</B>
 763 <B>lpoptions -x laserjet/legal ENTER</B>
 764 </PRE></UL>
 765
 766 <P>The <CODE>-x</CODE> option only removes the default options for that
 767 printer and instance; the original print queue will remain until deleted
 768 with the <CODE>lpadmin(8)</CODE> command by the administrator.
 769
 770
 771 <H1 ALIGN="RIGHT"><A NAME="LICENSE">A - Software License
 772 Agreement</A></H1>
 773
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