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1 /*
2 * GIT - The information manager from hell
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
5 */
6 #include "cache.h"
7 #include "config.h"
8 #include "refs.h"
9 #include "builtin.h"
10 #include "exec-cmd.h"
11 #include "parse-options.h"
12
13 #ifndef DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR
14 #define DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR "/usr/share/git-core/templates"
15 #endif
16
17 #ifdef NO_TRUSTABLE_FILEMODE
18 #define TEST_FILEMODE 0
19 #else
20 #define TEST_FILEMODE 1
21 #endif
22
23 #define GIT_DEFAULT_HASH_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_DEFAULT_HASH"
24
25 static int init_is_bare_repository = 0;
26 static int init_shared_repository = -1;
27 static const char *init_db_template_dir;
28
29 static void copy_templates_1(struct strbuf *path, struct strbuf *template_path,
30 DIR *dir)
31 {
32 size_t path_baselen = path->len;
33 size_t template_baselen = template_path->len;
34 struct dirent *de;
35
36 /* Note: if ".git/hooks" file exists in the repository being
37 * re-initialized, /etc/core-git/templates/hooks/update would
38 * cause "git init" to fail here. I think this is sane but
39 * it means that the set of templates we ship by default, along
40 * with the way the namespace under .git/ is organized, should
41 * be really carefully chosen.
42 */
43 safe_create_dir(path->buf, 1);
44 while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
45 struct stat st_git, st_template;
46 int exists = 0;
47
48 strbuf_setlen(path, path_baselen);
49 strbuf_setlen(template_path, template_baselen);
50
51 if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
52 continue;
53 strbuf_addstr(path, de->d_name);
54 strbuf_addstr(template_path, de->d_name);
55 if (lstat(path->buf, &st_git)) {
56 if (errno != ENOENT)
57 die_errno(_("cannot stat '%s'"), path->buf);
58 }
59 else
60 exists = 1;
61
62 if (lstat(template_path->buf, &st_template))
63 die_errno(_("cannot stat template '%s'"), template_path->buf);
64
65 if (S_ISDIR(st_template.st_mode)) {
66 DIR *subdir = opendir(template_path->buf);
67 if (!subdir)
68 die_errno(_("cannot opendir '%s'"), template_path->buf);
69 strbuf_addch(path, '/');
70 strbuf_addch(template_path, '/');
71 copy_templates_1(path, template_path, subdir);
72 closedir(subdir);
73 }
74 else if (exists)
75 continue;
76 else if (S_ISLNK(st_template.st_mode)) {
77 struct strbuf lnk = STRBUF_INIT;
78 if (strbuf_readlink(&lnk, template_path->buf,
79 st_template.st_size) < 0)
80 die_errno(_("cannot readlink '%s'"), template_path->buf);
81 if (symlink(lnk.buf, path->buf))
82 die_errno(_("cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"),
83 lnk.buf, path->buf);
84 strbuf_release(&lnk);
85 }
86 else if (S_ISREG(st_template.st_mode)) {
87 if (copy_file(path->buf, template_path->buf, st_template.st_mode))
88 die_errno(_("cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"),
89 template_path->buf, path->buf);
90 }
91 else
92 error(_("ignoring template %s"), template_path->buf);
93 }
94 }
95
96 static void copy_templates(const char *template_dir)
97 {
98 struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
99 struct strbuf template_path = STRBUF_INIT;
100 size_t template_len;
101 struct repository_format template_format = REPOSITORY_FORMAT_INIT;
102 struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
103 DIR *dir;
104 char *to_free = NULL;
105
106 if (!template_dir)
107 template_dir = getenv(TEMPLATE_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
108 if (!template_dir)
109 template_dir = init_db_template_dir;
110 if (!template_dir)
111 template_dir = to_free = system_path(DEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR);
112 if (!template_dir[0]) {
113 free(to_free);
114 return;
115 }
116
117 strbuf_addstr(&template_path, template_dir);
118 strbuf_complete(&template_path, '/');
119 template_len = template_path.len;
120
121 dir = opendir(template_path.buf);
122 if (!dir) {
123 warning(_("templates not found in %s"), template_dir);
124 goto free_return;
125 }
126
127 /* Make sure that template is from the correct vintage */
128 strbuf_addstr(&template_path, "config");
129 read_repository_format(&template_format, template_path.buf);
130 strbuf_setlen(&template_path, template_len);
131
132 /*
133 * No mention of version at all is OK, but anything else should be
134 * verified.
135 */
136 if (template_format.version >= 0 &&
137 verify_repository_format(&template_format, &err) < 0) {
138 warning(_("not copying templates from '%s': %s"),
139 template_dir, err.buf);
140 strbuf_release(&err);
141 goto close_free_return;
142 }
143
144 strbuf_addstr(&path, get_git_common_dir());
145 strbuf_complete(&path, '/');
146 copy_templates_1(&path, &template_path, dir);
147 close_free_return:
148 closedir(dir);
149 free_return:
150 free(to_free);
151 strbuf_release(&path);
152 strbuf_release(&template_path);
153 clear_repository_format(&template_format);
154 }
155
156 static int git_init_db_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
157 {
158 if (!strcmp(k, "init.templatedir"))
159 return git_config_pathname(&init_db_template_dir, k, v);
160
161 if (starts_with(k, "core."))
162 return platform_core_config(k, v, cb);
163
164 return 0;
165 }
166
167 /*
168 * If the git_dir is not directly inside the working tree, then git will not
169 * find it by default, and we need to set the worktree explicitly.
170 */
171 static int needs_work_tree_config(const char *git_dir, const char *work_tree)
172 {
173 if (!strcmp(work_tree, "/") && !strcmp(git_dir, "/.git"))
174 return 0;
175 if (skip_prefix(git_dir, work_tree, &git_dir) &&
176 !strcmp(git_dir, "/.git"))
177 return 0;
178 return 1;
179 }
180
181 void initialize_repository_version(int hash_algo)
182 {
183 char repo_version_string[10];
184 int repo_version = GIT_REPO_VERSION;
185
186 #ifndef ENABLE_SHA256
187 if (hash_algo != GIT_HASH_SHA1)
188 die(_("The hash algorithm %s is not supported in this build."), hash_algos[hash_algo].name);
189 #endif
190
191 if (hash_algo != GIT_HASH_SHA1)
192 repo_version = GIT_REPO_VERSION_READ;
193
194 /* This forces creation of new config file */
195 xsnprintf(repo_version_string, sizeof(repo_version_string),
196 "%d", repo_version);
197 git_config_set("core.repositoryformatversion", repo_version_string);
198
199 if (hash_algo != GIT_HASH_SHA1)
200 git_config_set("extensions.objectformat",
201 hash_algos[hash_algo].name);
202 }
203
204 static int create_default_files(const char *template_path,
205 const char *original_git_dir,
206 const struct repository_format *fmt)
207 {
208 struct stat st1;
209 struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
210 char *path;
211 char junk[2];
212 int reinit;
213 int filemode;
214 struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
215
216 /* Just look for `init.templatedir` */
217 init_db_template_dir = NULL; /* re-set in case it was set before */
218 git_config(git_init_db_config, NULL);
219
220 /*
221 * First copy the templates -- we might have the default
222 * config file there, in which case we would want to read
223 * from it after installing.
224 *
225 * Before reading that config, we also need to clear out any cached
226 * values (since we've just potentially changed what's available on
227 * disk).
228 */
229 copy_templates(template_path);
230 git_config_clear();
231 reset_shared_repository();
232 git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
233
234 /*
235 * We must make sure command-line options continue to override any
236 * values we might have just re-read from the config.
237 */
238 is_bare_repository_cfg = init_is_bare_repository;
239 if (init_shared_repository != -1)
240 set_shared_repository(init_shared_repository);
241
242 /*
243 * We would have created the above under user's umask -- under
244 * shared-repository settings, we would need to fix them up.
245 */
246 if (get_shared_repository()) {
247 adjust_shared_perm(get_git_dir());
248 }
249
250 /*
251 * We need to create a "refs" dir in any case so that older
252 * versions of git can tell that this is a repository.
253 */
254 safe_create_dir(git_path("refs"), 1);
255 adjust_shared_perm(git_path("refs"));
256
257 if (refs_init_db(&err))
258 die("failed to set up refs db: %s", err.buf);
259
260 /*
261 * Create the default symlink from ".git/HEAD" to the "master"
262 * branch, if it does not exist yet.
263 */
264 path = git_path_buf(&buf, "HEAD");
265 reinit = (!access(path, R_OK)
266 || readlink(path, junk, sizeof(junk)-1) != -1);
267 if (!reinit) {
268 if (create_symref("HEAD", "refs/heads/master", NULL) < 0)
269 exit(1);
270 }
271
272 initialize_repository_version(fmt->hash_algo);
273
274 /* Check filemode trustability */
275 path = git_path_buf(&buf, "config");
276 filemode = TEST_FILEMODE;
277 if (TEST_FILEMODE && !lstat(path, &st1)) {
278 struct stat st2;
279 filemode = (!chmod(path, st1.st_mode ^ S_IXUSR) &&
280 !lstat(path, &st2) &&
281 st1.st_mode != st2.st_mode &&
282 !chmod(path, st1.st_mode));
283 if (filemode && !reinit && (st1.st_mode & S_IXUSR))
284 filemode = 0;
285 }
286 git_config_set("core.filemode", filemode ? "true" : "false");
287
288 if (is_bare_repository())
289 git_config_set("core.bare", "true");
290 else {
291 const char *work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
292 git_config_set("core.bare", "false");
293 /* allow template config file to override the default */
294 if (log_all_ref_updates == LOG_REFS_UNSET)
295 git_config_set("core.logallrefupdates", "true");
296 if (needs_work_tree_config(original_git_dir, work_tree))
297 git_config_set("core.worktree", work_tree);
298 }
299
300 if (!reinit) {
301 /* Check if symlink is supported in the work tree */
302 path = git_path_buf(&buf, "tXXXXXX");
303 if (!close(xmkstemp(path)) &&
304 !unlink(path) &&
305 !symlink("testing", path) &&
306 !lstat(path, &st1) &&
307 S_ISLNK(st1.st_mode))
308 unlink(path); /* good */
309 else
310 git_config_set("core.symlinks", "false");
311
312 /* Check if the filesystem is case-insensitive */
313 path = git_path_buf(&buf, "CoNfIg");
314 if (!access(path, F_OK))
315 git_config_set("core.ignorecase", "true");
316 probe_utf8_pathname_composition();
317 }
318
319 strbuf_release(&buf);
320 return reinit;
321 }
322
323 static void create_object_directory(void)
324 {
325 struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
326 size_t baselen;
327
328 strbuf_addstr(&path, get_object_directory());
329 baselen = path.len;
330
331 safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
332
333 strbuf_setlen(&path, baselen);
334 strbuf_addstr(&path, "/pack");
335 safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
336
337 strbuf_setlen(&path, baselen);
338 strbuf_addstr(&path, "/info");
339 safe_create_dir(path.buf, 1);
340
341 strbuf_release(&path);
342 }
343
344 static void separate_git_dir(const char *git_dir, const char *git_link)
345 {
346 struct stat st;
347
348 if (!stat(git_link, &st)) {
349 const char *src;
350
351 if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
352 src = read_gitfile(git_link);
353 else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
354 src = git_link;
355 else
356 die(_("unable to handle file type %d"), (int)st.st_mode);
357
358 if (rename(src, git_dir))
359 die_errno(_("unable to move %s to %s"), src, git_dir);
360 }
361
362 write_file(git_link, "gitdir: %s", git_dir);
363 }
364
365 static void validate_hash_algorithm(struct repository_format *repo_fmt, int hash)
366 {
367 const char *env = getenv(GIT_DEFAULT_HASH_ENVIRONMENT);
368 /*
369 * If we already have an initialized repo, don't allow the user to
370 * specify a different algorithm, as that could cause corruption.
371 * Otherwise, if the user has specified one on the command line, use it.
372 */
373 if (repo_fmt->version >= 0 && hash != GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN && hash != repo_fmt->hash_algo)
374 die(_("attempt to reinitialize repository with different hash"));
375 else if (hash != GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN)
376 repo_fmt->hash_algo = hash;
377 else if (env) {
378 int env_algo = hash_algo_by_name(env);
379 if (env_algo == GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN)
380 die(_("unknown hash algorithm '%s'"), env);
381 repo_fmt->hash_algo = env_algo;
382 }
383 }
384
385 int init_db(const char *git_dir, const char *real_git_dir,
386 const char *template_dir, int hash, unsigned int flags)
387 {
388 int reinit;
389 int exist_ok = flags & INIT_DB_EXIST_OK;
390 char *original_git_dir = real_pathdup(git_dir, 1);
391 struct repository_format repo_fmt = REPOSITORY_FORMAT_INIT;
392
393 if (real_git_dir) {
394 struct stat st;
395
396 if (!exist_ok && !stat(git_dir, &st))
397 die(_("%s already exists"), git_dir);
398
399 if (!exist_ok && !stat(real_git_dir, &st))
400 die(_("%s already exists"), real_git_dir);
401
402 set_git_dir(real_git_dir, 1);
403 git_dir = get_git_dir();
404 separate_git_dir(git_dir, original_git_dir);
405 }
406 else {
407 set_git_dir(git_dir, 1);
408 git_dir = get_git_dir();
409 }
410 startup_info->have_repository = 1;
411
412 /* Just look for `core.hidedotfiles` */
413 git_config(git_init_db_config, NULL);
414
415 safe_create_dir(git_dir, 0);
416
417 init_is_bare_repository = is_bare_repository();
418
419 /* Check to see if the repository version is right.
420 * Note that a newly created repository does not have
421 * config file, so this will not fail. What we are catching
422 * is an attempt to reinitialize new repository with an old tool.
423 */
424 check_repository_format(&repo_fmt);
425
426 validate_hash_algorithm(&repo_fmt, hash);
427
428 reinit = create_default_files(template_dir, original_git_dir, &repo_fmt);
429
430 create_object_directory();
431
432 if (get_shared_repository()) {
433 char buf[10];
434 /* We do not spell "group" and such, so that
435 * the configuration can be read by older version
436 * of git. Note, we use octal numbers for new share modes,
437 * and compatibility values for PERM_GROUP and
438 * PERM_EVERYBODY.
439 */
440 if (get_shared_repository() < 0)
441 /* force to the mode value */
442 xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "0%o", -get_shared_repository());
443 else if (get_shared_repository() == PERM_GROUP)
444 xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", OLD_PERM_GROUP);
445 else if (get_shared_repository() == PERM_EVERYBODY)
446 xsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", OLD_PERM_EVERYBODY);
447 else
448 BUG("invalid value for shared_repository");
449 git_config_set("core.sharedrepository", buf);
450 git_config_set("receive.denyNonFastforwards", "true");
451 }
452
453 if (!(flags & INIT_DB_QUIET)) {
454 int len = strlen(git_dir);
455
456 if (reinit)
457 printf(get_shared_repository()
458 ? _("Reinitialized existing shared Git repository in %s%s\n")
459 : _("Reinitialized existing Git repository in %s%s\n"),
460 git_dir, len && git_dir[len-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
461 else
462 printf(get_shared_repository()
463 ? _("Initialized empty shared Git repository in %s%s\n")
464 : _("Initialized empty Git repository in %s%s\n"),
465 git_dir, len && git_dir[len-1] != '/' ? "/" : "");
466 }
467
468 free(original_git_dir);
469 return 0;
470 }
471
472 static int guess_repository_type(const char *git_dir)
473 {
474 const char *slash;
475 char *cwd;
476 int cwd_is_git_dir;
477
478 /*
479 * "GIT_DIR=. git init" is always bare.
480 * "GIT_DIR=`pwd` git init" too.
481 */
482 if (!strcmp(".", git_dir))
483 return 1;
484 cwd = xgetcwd();
485 cwd_is_git_dir = !strcmp(git_dir, cwd);
486 free(cwd);
487 if (cwd_is_git_dir)
488 return 1;
489 /*
490 * "GIT_DIR=.git or GIT_DIR=something/.git is usually not.
491 */
492 if (!strcmp(git_dir, ".git"))
493 return 0;
494 slash = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
495 if (slash && !strcmp(slash, "/.git"))
496 return 0;
497
498 /*
499 * Otherwise it is often bare. At this point
500 * we are just guessing.
501 */
502 return 1;
503 }
504
505 static int shared_callback(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
506 {
507 BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
508 *((int *) opt->value) = (arg) ? git_config_perm("arg", arg) : PERM_GROUP;
509 return 0;
510 }
511
512 static const char *const init_db_usage[] = {
513 N_("git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]] [<directory>]"),
514 NULL
515 };
516
517 /*
518 * If you want to, you can share the DB area with any number of branches.
519 * That has advantages: you can save space by sharing all the SHA1 objects.
520 * On the other hand, it might just make lookup slower and messier. You
521 * be the judge. The default case is to have one DB per managed directory.
522 */
523 int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
524 {
525 const char *git_dir;
526 const char *real_git_dir = NULL;
527 const char *work_tree;
528 const char *template_dir = NULL;
529 unsigned int flags = 0;
530 const char *object_format = NULL;
531 int hash_algo = GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN;
532 const struct option init_db_options[] = {
533 OPT_STRING(0, "template", &template_dir, N_("template-directory"),
534 N_("directory from which templates will be used")),
535 OPT_SET_INT(0, "bare", &is_bare_repository_cfg,
536 N_("create a bare repository"), 1),
537 { OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "shared", &init_shared_repository,
538 N_("permissions"),
539 N_("specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"),
540 PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, shared_callback, 0},
541 OPT_BIT('q', "quiet", &flags, N_("be quiet"), INIT_DB_QUIET),
542 OPT_STRING(0, "separate-git-dir", &real_git_dir, N_("gitdir"),
543 N_("separate git dir from working tree")),
544 OPT_STRING(0, "object-format", &object_format, N_("hash"),
545 N_("specify the hash algorithm to use")),
546 OPT_END()
547 };
548
549 argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, init_db_options, init_db_usage, 0);
550
551 if (real_git_dir && !is_absolute_path(real_git_dir))
552 real_git_dir = real_pathdup(real_git_dir, 1);
553
554 if (template_dir && *template_dir && !is_absolute_path(template_dir))
555 template_dir = absolute_pathdup(template_dir);
556
557 if (argc == 1) {
558 int mkdir_tried = 0;
559 retry:
560 if (chdir(argv[0]) < 0) {
561 if (!mkdir_tried) {
562 int saved;
563 /*
564 * At this point we haven't read any configuration,
565 * and we know shared_repository should always be 0;
566 * but just in case we play safe.
567 */
568 saved = get_shared_repository();
569 set_shared_repository(0);
570 switch (safe_create_leading_directories_const(argv[0])) {
571 case SCLD_OK:
572 case SCLD_PERMS:
573 break;
574 case SCLD_EXISTS:
575 errno = EEXIST;
576 /* fallthru */
577 default:
578 die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv[0]);
579 break;
580 }
581 set_shared_repository(saved);
582 if (mkdir(argv[0], 0777) < 0)
583 die_errno(_("cannot mkdir %s"), argv[0]);
584 mkdir_tried = 1;
585 goto retry;
586 }
587 die_errno(_("cannot chdir to %s"), argv[0]);
588 }
589 } else if (0 < argc) {
590 usage(init_db_usage[0]);
591 }
592 if (is_bare_repository_cfg == 1) {
593 char *cwd = xgetcwd();
594 setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, cwd, argc > 0);
595 free(cwd);
596 }
597
598 if (object_format) {
599 hash_algo = hash_algo_by_name(object_format);
600 if (hash_algo == GIT_HASH_UNKNOWN)
601 die(_("unknown hash algorithm '%s'"), object_format);
602 }
603
604 if (init_shared_repository != -1)
605 set_shared_repository(init_shared_repository);
606
607 /*
608 * GIT_WORK_TREE makes sense only in conjunction with GIT_DIR
609 * without --bare. Catch the error early.
610 */
611 git_dir = xstrdup_or_null(getenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT));
612 work_tree = xstrdup_or_null(getenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT));
613 if ((!git_dir || is_bare_repository_cfg == 1) && work_tree)
614 die(_("%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without "
615 "specifying %s (or --git-dir=<directory>)"),
616 GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
617 GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
618
619 /*
620 * Set up the default .git directory contents
621 */
622 if (!git_dir)
623 git_dir = DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT;
624
625 if (is_bare_repository_cfg < 0)
626 is_bare_repository_cfg = guess_repository_type(git_dir);
627
628 if (!is_bare_repository_cfg) {
629 const char *git_dir_parent = strrchr(git_dir, '/');
630 if (git_dir_parent) {
631 char *rel = xstrndup(git_dir, git_dir_parent - git_dir);
632 git_work_tree_cfg = real_pathdup(rel, 1);
633 free(rel);
634 }
635 if (!git_work_tree_cfg)
636 git_work_tree_cfg = xgetcwd();
637 if (work_tree)
638 set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
639 else
640 set_git_work_tree(git_work_tree_cfg);
641 if (access(get_git_work_tree(), X_OK))
642 die_errno (_("Cannot access work tree '%s'"),
643 get_git_work_tree());
644 }
645 else {
646 if (work_tree)
647 set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
648 }
649
650 UNLEAK(real_git_dir);
651 UNLEAK(git_dir);
652 UNLEAK(work_tree);
653
654 flags |= INIT_DB_EXIST_OK;
655 return init_db(git_dir, real_git_dir, template_dir, hash_algo, flags);
656 }