compat/mingw.c

   1 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
   2 #include "win32.h"
   3 #include <conio.h>
   4 #include <wchar.h>
   5 #include "../strbuf.h"
   6 #include "../run-command.h"
   7 #include "../cache.h"
   8
   9 #define HCAST(type, handle) ((type)(intptr_t)handle)
  10
  11 static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
  12
  13 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
  14 {
  15         int error = ENOSYS;
  16         switch(winerr) {
  17         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
  18         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
  19         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
  20         case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
  21         case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  22         case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
  23         case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
  24         case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
  25         case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
  26         case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  27         case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  28         case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
  29         case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
  30         case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  31         case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
  32         case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  33         case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  34         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  35         case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  36         case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
  37         case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
  38         case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
  39         case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
  40         case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
  41         case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
  42         case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
  43         case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
  44         case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
  45         case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
  46         case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
  47         case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
  48         case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
  49         case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  50         case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  51         case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
  52         case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  53         case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  54         case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  55         case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
  56         case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  57         case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
  58         case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  59         case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
  60         case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
  61         case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  62         case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
  63         case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
  64         case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
  65         case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  66         case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
  67         case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
  68         case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
  69         case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
  70         case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  71         case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
  72         case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
  73         case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
  74         case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
  75         case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
  76         case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
  77         case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
  78         case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
  79         case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
  80         case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  81         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
  82         case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
  83         case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
  84         case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
  85         case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  86         case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
  87         case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  88         case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
  89         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  90         case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
  91         case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
  92         case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  93         case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
  94         case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
  95         case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
  96         case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
  97         case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
  98         case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
  99         case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
 100         case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
 101         case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 102         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
 103         case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 104         case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 105         case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
 106         case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 107         case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
 108         case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 109         case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
 110         case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
 111         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
 112         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
 113         case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
 114         case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
 115         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
 116         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
 117         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
 118         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
 119         case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
 120         case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 121         case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
 122         }
 123         return error;
 124 }
 125
 126 static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
 127 {
 128         switch (errcode) {
 129         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 130         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 131                 return 1;
 132         }
 133
 134         return 0;
 135 }
 136
 137 static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
 138 {
 139         char answer[1024];
 140
 141         if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
 142                 size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
 143                 int got_full_line = 0, c;
 144
 145                 /* remove the newline */
 146                 if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
 147                         answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
 148                         got_full_line = 1;
 149                 } else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
 150                         answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
 151                         got_full_line = 1;
 152                 }
 153                 /* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
 154                 if (!got_full_line)
 155                         while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
 156                                 ;
 157         } else
 158                 /* we could not read, return the
 159                  * default answer which is no */
 160                 return 0;
 161
 162         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
 163                 return 1;
 164         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
 165                 return 1;
 166         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
 167                 return 0;
 168         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
 169                 return 0;
 170
 171         /* did not find an answer we understand */
 172         return -1;
 173 }
 174
 175 static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
 176 {
 177         char question[4096];
 178         const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
 179         va_list args;
 180
 181         va_start(args, format);
 182         vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
 183         va_end(args);
 184
 185         if ((retry_hook[0] = mingw_getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
 186                 retry_hook[1] = question;
 187                 return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
 188         }
 189
 190         if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
 191                 return 0;
 192
 193         while (1) {
 194                 int answer;
 195                 fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
 196
 197                 if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
 198                         return answer;
 199
 200                 fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
 201                                 "Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
 202         }
 203 }
 204
 205 int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
 206 {
 207         int ret, tries = 0;
 208         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 209         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 210                 return -1;
 211
 212         /* read-only files cannot be removed */
 213         _wchmod(wpathname, 0666);
 214         while ((ret = _wunlink(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 215                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 216                         break;
 217                 /*
 218                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 219                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 220                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 221                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 222                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 223                  */
 224                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 225                 tries++;
 226         }
 227         while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 228                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
 229                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 230                ret = _wunlink(wpathname);
 231         return ret;
 232 }
 233
 234 static int is_dir_empty(const wchar_t *wpath)
 235 {
 236         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 237         HANDLE handle;
 238         wchar_t wbuf[MAX_PATH + 2];
 239         wcscpy(wbuf, wpath);
 240         wcscat(wbuf, L"\\*");
 241         handle = FindFirstFileW(wbuf, &findbuf);
 242         if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
 243                 return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 244
 245         while (!wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".") ||
 246                         !wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".."))
 247                 if (!FindNextFileW(handle, &findbuf)) {
 248                         DWORD err = GetLastError();
 249                         FindClose(handle);
 250                         return err == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 251                 }
 252         FindClose(handle);
 253         return 0;
 254 }
 255
 256 int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
 257 {
 258         int ret, tries = 0;
 259         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 260         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 261                 return -1;
 262
 263         while ((ret = _wrmdir(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 264                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 265                         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 266                 if (errno != EACCES)
 267                         break;
 268                 if (!is_dir_empty(wpathname)) {
 269                         errno = ENOTEMPTY;
 270                         break;
 271                 }
 272                 /*
 273                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 274                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 275                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 276                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 277                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 278                  */
 279                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 280                 tries++;
 281         }
 282         while (ret == -1 && errno == EACCES && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 283                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
 284                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 285                ret = _wrmdir(wpathname);
 286         return ret;
 287 }
 288
 289 static inline int needs_hiding(const char *path)
 290 {
 291         const char *basename;
 292
 293         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE)
 294                 return 0;
 295
 296         /* We cannot use basename(), as it would remove trailing slashes */
 297         mingw_skip_dos_drive_prefix((char **)&path);
 298         if (!*path)
 299                 return 0;
 300
 301         for (basename = path; *path; path++)
 302                 if (is_dir_sep(*path)) {
 303                         do {
 304                                 path++;
 305                         } while (is_dir_sep(*path));
 306                         /* ignore trailing slashes */
 307                         if (*path)
 308                                 basename = path;
 309                 }
 310
 311         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE)
 312                 return *basename == '.';
 313
 314         assert(hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY);
 315         return !strncasecmp(".git", basename, 4) &&
 316                 (!basename[4] || is_dir_sep(basename[4]));
 317 }
 318
 319 static int set_hidden_flag(const wchar_t *path, int set)
 320 {
 321         DWORD original = GetFileAttributesW(path), modified;
 322         if (set)
 323                 modified = original | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN;
 324         else
 325                 modified = original & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN;
 326         if (original == modified || SetFileAttributesW(path, modified))
 327                 return 0;
 328         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 329         return -1;
 330 }
 331
 332 int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 333 {
 334         int ret;
 335         wchar_t wpath[MAX_PATH];
 336
 337         if (!is_valid_win32_path(path)) {
 338                 errno = EINVAL;
 339                 return -1;
 340         }
 341
 342         if (xutftowcs_path(wpath, path) < 0)
 343                 return -1;
 344         ret = _wmkdir(wpath);
 345         if (!ret && needs_hiding(path))
 346                 return set_hidden_flag(wpath, 1);
 347         return ret;
 348 }
 349
 350 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 351 {
 352         va_list args;
 353         unsigned mode;
 354         int fd, create = (oflags & (O_CREAT | O_EXCL)) == (O_CREAT | O_EXCL);
 355         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 356
 357         va_start(args, oflags);
 358         mode = va_arg(args, int);
 359         va_end(args);
 360
 361         if (!is_valid_win32_path(filename)) {
 362                 errno = create ? EINVAL : ENOENT;
 363                 return -1;
 364         }
 365
 366         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 367                 filename = "nul";
 368
 369         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 370                 return -1;
 371         fd = _wopen(wfilename, oflags, mode);
 372
 373         if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_ACCMODE) != O_RDONLY && errno == EACCES) {
 374                 DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 375                 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 376                         errno = EISDIR;
 377         }
 378         if ((oflags & O_CREAT) && needs_hiding(filename)) {
 379                 /*
 380                  * Internally, _wopen() uses the CreateFile() API which errors
 381                  * out with an ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED if CREATE_ALWAYS was
 382                  * specified and an already existing file's attributes do not
 383                  * match *exactly*. As there is no mode or flag we can set that
 384                  * would correspond to FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN, let's just try
 385                  * again *without* the O_CREAT flag (that corresponds to the
 386                  * CREATE_ALWAYS flag of CreateFile()).
 387                  */
 388                 if (fd < 0 && errno == EACCES)
 389                         fd = _wopen(wfilename, oflags & ~O_CREAT, mode);
 390                 if (fd >= 0 && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
 391                         warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 392         }
 393         return fd;
 394 }
 395
 396 static BOOL WINAPI ctrl_ignore(DWORD type)
 397 {
 398         return TRUE;
 399 }
 400
 401 #undef fgetc
 402 int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream)
 403 {
 404         int ch;
 405         if (!isatty(_fileno(stream)))
 406                 return fgetc(stream);
 407
 408         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, TRUE);
 409         while (1) {
 410                 ch = fgetc(stream);
 411                 if (ch != EOF || GetLastError() != ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED)
 412                         break;
 413
 414                 /* Ctrl+C was pressed, simulate SIGINT and retry */
 415                 mingw_raise(SIGINT);
 416         }
 417         SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, FALSE);
 418         return ch;
 419 }
 420
 421 #undef fopen
 422 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 423 {
 424         int hide = needs_hiding(filename);
 425         FILE *file;
 426         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 427         if (!is_valid_win32_path(filename)) {
 428                 int create = otype && strchr(otype, 'w');
 429                 errno = create ? EINVAL : ENOENT;
 430                 return NULL;
 431         }
 432         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 433                 filename = "nul";
 434         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 435                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 436                 return NULL;
 437         if (hide && !access(filename, F_OK) && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 0)) {
 438                 error("could not unhide %s", filename);
 439                 return NULL;
 440         }
 441         file = _wfopen(wfilename, wotype);
 442         if (!file && GetLastError() == ERROR_INVALID_NAME)
 443                 errno = ENOENT;
 444         if (file && hide && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
 445                 warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 446         return file;
 447 }
 448
 449 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 450 {
 451         int hide = needs_hiding(filename);
 452         FILE *file;
 453         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 454         if (!is_valid_win32_path(filename)) {
 455                 int create = otype && strchr(otype, 'w');
 456                 errno = create ? EINVAL : ENOENT;
 457                 return NULL;
 458         }
 459         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 460                 filename = "nul";
 461         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 462                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 463                 return NULL;
 464         if (hide && !access(filename, F_OK) && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 0)) {
 465                 error("could not unhide %s", filename);
 466                 return NULL;
 467         }
 468         file = _wfreopen(wfilename, wotype, stream);
 469         if (file && hide && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
 470                 warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 471         return file;
 472 }
 473
 474 #undef fflush
 475 int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream)
 476 {
 477         int ret = fflush(stream);
 478
 479         /*
 480          * write() is used behind the scenes of stdio output functions.
 481          * Since git code does not check for errors after each stdio write
 482          * operation, it can happen that write() is called by a later
 483          * stdio function even if an earlier write() call failed. In the
 484          * case of a pipe whose readable end was closed, only the first
 485          * call to write() reports EPIPE on Windows. Subsequent write()
 486          * calls report EINVAL. It is impossible to notice whether this
 487          * fflush invocation triggered such a case, therefore, we have to
 488          * catch all EINVAL errors whole-sale.
 489          */
 490         if (ret && errno == EINVAL)
 491                 errno = EPIPE;
 492
 493         return ret;
 494 }
 495
 496 #undef write
 497 ssize_t mingw_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len)
 498 {
 499         ssize_t result = write(fd, buf, len);
 500
 501         if (result < 0 && errno == EINVAL && buf) {
 502                 /* check if fd is a pipe */
 503                 HANDLE h = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fd);
 504                 if (GetFileType(h) == FILE_TYPE_PIPE)
 505                         errno = EPIPE;
 506                 else
 507                         errno = EINVAL;
 508         }
 509
 510         return result;
 511 }
 512
 513 int mingw_access(const char *filename, int mode)
 514 {
 515         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 516         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 517                 return -1;
 518         /* X_OK is not supported by the MSVCRT version */
 519         return _waccess(wfilename, mode & ~X_OK);
 520 }
 521
 522 int mingw_chdir(const char *dirname)
 523 {
 524         wchar_t wdirname[MAX_PATH];
 525         if (xutftowcs_path(wdirname, dirname) < 0)
 526                 return -1;
 527         return _wchdir(wdirname);
 528 }
 529
 530 int mingw_chmod(const char *filename, int mode)
 531 {
 532         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 533         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 534                 return -1;
 535         return _wchmod(wfilename, mode);
 536 }
 537
 538 /*
 539  * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
 540  * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
 541  */
 542 static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
 543 {
 544         long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
 545         /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 546         return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
 547 }
 548
 549 static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 550 {
 551         return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 552 }
 553
 554 /**
 555  * Verifies that safe_create_leading_directories() would succeed.
 556  */
 557 static int has_valid_directory_prefix(wchar_t *wfilename)
 558 {
 559         int n = wcslen(wfilename);
 560
 561         while (n > 0) {
 562                 wchar_t c = wfilename[--n];
 563                 DWORD attributes;
 564
 565                 if (!is_dir_sep(c))
 566                         continue;
 567
 568                 wfilename[n] = L'\0';
 569                 attributes = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 570                 wfilename[n] = c;
 571                 if (attributes == FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY ||
 572                                 attributes == FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE)
 573                         return 1;
 574                 if (attributes == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES)
 575                         switch (GetLastError()) {
 576                         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
 577                                 continue;
 578                         case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND:
 579                                 /* This implies parent directory exists. */
 580                                 return 1;
 581                         }
 582                 return 0;
 583         }
 584         return 1;
 585 }
 586
 587 /* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
 588  * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
 589  * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
 590  *
 591  * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
 592  * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
 593  */
 594 static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 595 {
 596         WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 597         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 598         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 599                 return -1;
 600
 601         if (GetFileAttributesExW(wfilename, GetFileExInfoStandard, &fdata)) {
 602                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 603                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 604                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 605                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 606                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 607                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 608                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 609                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 610                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 611                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 612                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 613                 if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 614                         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 615                         HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileW(wfilename, &findbuf);
 616                         if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 617                                 if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
 618                                                 (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
 619                                         if (follow) {
 620                                                 char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
 621                                                 buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 622                                         } else {
 623                                                 buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
 624                                         }
 625                                         buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
 626                                         if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
 627                                                 buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
 628                                 }
 629                                 FindClose(handle);
 630                         }
 631                 }
 632                 return 0;
 633         }
 634         switch (GetLastError()) {
 635         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 636         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 637         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
 638         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
 639                 errno = EACCES;
 640                 break;
 641         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
 642                 errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
 643                 break;
 644         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
 645                 errno = ENOMEM;
 646                 break;
 647         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
 648                 if (!has_valid_directory_prefix(wfilename)) {
 649                         errno = ENOTDIR;
 650                         break;
 651                 }
 652                 /* fallthru */
 653         default:
 654                 errno = ENOENT;
 655                 break;
 656         }
 657         return -1;
 658 }
 659
 660 /* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
 661  * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
 662  * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
 663  * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
 664  * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
 665  */
 666 static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 667 {
 668         int namelen;
 669         char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
 670
 671         if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
 672                 return 0;
 673
 674         /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
 675          * try again without trailing slashes
 676          */
 677         if (errno != ENOENT)
 678                 return -1;
 679
 680         namelen = strlen(file_name);
 681         if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
 682                 return -1;
 683         while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
 684                 --namelen;
 685         if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
 686                 return -1;
 687
 688         memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
 689         alt_name[namelen] = 0;
 690         return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
 691 }
 692
 693 int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 694 {
 695         return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
 696 }
 697 int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 698 {
 699         return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
 700 }
 701
 702 int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 703 {
 704         HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 705         BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
 706
 707         if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 708                 errno = EBADF;
 709                 return -1;
 710         }
 711         /* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 712         if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
 713                 return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 714
 715         if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 716                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 717                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 718                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 719                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 720                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 721                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 722                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 723                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 724                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 725                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 726                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 727                 return 0;
 728         }
 729         errno = EBADF;
 730         return -1;
 731 }
 732
 733 static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
 734 {
 735         long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
 736         ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
 737         ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
 738 }
 739
 740 int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
 741 {
 742         FILETIME mft, aft;
 743         int fh, rc;
 744         DWORD attrs;
 745         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 746         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 747                 return -1;
 748
 749         /* must have write permission */
 750         attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 751         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 752             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 753                 /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
 754                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
 755         }
 756
 757         if ((fh = _wopen(wfilename, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 758                 rc = -1;
 759                 goto revert_attrs;
 760         }
 761
 762         if (times) {
 763                 time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
 764                 time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
 765         } else {
 766                 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
 767                 aft = mft;
 768         }
 769         if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
 770                 errno = EINVAL;
 771                 rc = -1;
 772         } else
 773                 rc = 0;
 774         close(fh);
 775
 776 revert_attrs:
 777         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 778             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 779                 /* ignore errors again */
 780                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs);
 781         }
 782         return rc;
 783 }
 784
 785 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 786 {
 787         Sleep(seconds*1000);
 788         return 0;
 789 }
 790
 791 char *mingw_mktemp(char *template)
 792 {
 793         wchar_t wtemplate[MAX_PATH];
 794         if (xutftowcs_path(wtemplate, template) < 0)
 795                 return NULL;
 796         if (!_wmktemp(wtemplate))
 797                 return NULL;
 798         if (xwcstoutf(template, wtemplate, strlen(template) + 1) < 0)
 799                 return NULL;
 800         return template;
 801 }
 802
 803 int mkstemp(char *template)
 804 {
 805         char *filename = mktemp(template);
 806         if (filename == NULL)
 807                 return -1;
 808         return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
 809 }
 810
 811 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
 812 {
 813         FILETIME ft;
 814         long long hnsec;
 815
 816         GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
 817         hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
 818         tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
 819         tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
 820         return 0;
 821 }
 822
 823 int pipe(int filedes[2])
 824 {
 825         HANDLE h[2];
 826
 827         /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
 828         if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
 829                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 830                 return -1;
 831         }
 832         filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle(HCAST(int, h[0]), O_NOINHERIT);
 833         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 834                 CloseHandle(h[0]);
 835                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 836                 return -1;
 837         }
 838         filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle(HCAST(int, h[1]), O_NOINHERIT);
 839         if (filedes[1] < 0) {
 840                 close(filedes[0]);
 841                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 842                 return -1;
 843         }
 844         return 0;
 845 }
 846
 847 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 848 {
 849         /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 850         memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 851         return result;
 852 }
 853
 854 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 855 {
 856         /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 857         memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 858         return result;
 859 }
 860
 861 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 862 {
 863         wchar_t wpointer[MAX_PATH];
 864         if (!_wgetcwd(wpointer, ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer)))
 865                 return NULL;
 866         if (xwcstoutf(pointer, wpointer, len) < 0)
 867                 return NULL;
 868         convert_slashes(pointer);
 869         return pointer;
 870 }
 871
 872 /*
 873  * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
 874  * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
 875  */
 876 static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 877 {
 878         /* count chars to quote */
 879         int len = 0, n = 0;
 880         int force_quotes = 0;
 881         char *q, *d;
 882         const char *p = arg;
 883         if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 884         while (*p) {
 885                 if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 886                         force_quotes = 1;
 887                 else if (*p == '"')
 888                         n++;
 889                 else if (*p == '\\') {
 890                         int count = 0;
 891                         while (*p == '\\') {
 892                                 count++;
 893                                 p++;
 894                                 len++;
 895                         }
 896                         if (*p == '"' || !*p)
 897                                 n += count*2 + 1;
 898                         continue;
 899                 }
 900                 len++;
 901                 p++;
 902         }
 903         if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
 904                 return arg;
 905
 906         /* insert \ where necessary */
 907         d = q = xmalloc(st_add3(len, n, 3));
 908         *d++ = '"';
 909         while (*arg) {
 910                 if (*arg == '"')
 911                         *d++ = '\\';
 912                 else if (*arg == '\\') {
 913                         int count = 0;
 914                         while (*arg == '\\') {
 915                                 count++;
 916                                 *d++ = *arg++;
 917                         }
 918                         if (*arg == '"' || !*arg) {
 919                                 while (count-- > 0)
 920                                         *d++ = '\\';
 921                                 /* don't escape the surrounding end quote */
 922                                 if (!*arg)
 923                                         break;
 924                                 *d++ = '\\';
 925                         }
 926                 }
 927                 *d++ = *arg++;
 928         }
 929         *d++ = '"';
 930         *d++ = '\0';
 931         return q;
 932 }
 933
 934 static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 935 {
 936         static char buf[100];
 937         char *p, *opt;
 938         int n, fd;
 939
 940         /* don't even try a .exe */
 941         n = strlen(cmd);
 942         if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
 943                 return NULL;
 944
 945         fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
 946         if (fd < 0)
 947                 return NULL;
 948         n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
 949         close(fd);
 950         if (n < 4)      /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
 951                 return NULL;
 952
 953         if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
 954                 return NULL;
 955         buf[n] = '\0';
 956         p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
 957         if (!*p)
 958                 return NULL;
 959
 960         *p = '\0';
 961         if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
 962                 return NULL;
 963         /* strip options */
 964         if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
 965                 *opt = '\0';
 966         return p+1;
 967 }
 968
 969 /*
 970  * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
 971  * (which do not have an extension)
 972  */
 973 static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, int dirlen, const char *cmd,
 974                          int isexe, int exe_only)
 975 {
 976         char path[MAX_PATH];
 977         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%.*s\\%s.exe", dirlen, dir, cmd);
 978
 979         if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 980                 return xstrdup(path);
 981         path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
 982         if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 983                 if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 984                         return xstrdup(path);
 985         return NULL;
 986 }
 987
 988 /*
 989  * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
 990  * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
 991  */
 992 static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, int exe_only)
 993 {
 994         const char *path;
 995         char *prog = NULL;
 996         int len = strlen(cmd);
 997         int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
 998
 999         if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
1000                 return xstrdup(cmd);
1001
1002         path = mingw_getenv("PATH");
1003         if (!path)
1004                 return NULL;
1005
1006         while (!prog) {
1007                 const char *sep = strchrnul(path, ';');
1008                 int dirlen = sep - path;
1009                 if (dirlen)
1010                         prog = lookup_prog(path, dirlen, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
1011                 if (!*sep)
1012                         break;
1013                 path = sep + 1;
1014         }
1015
1016         return prog;
1017 }
1018
1019 static int do_putenv(char **env, const char *name, int size, int free_old);
1020
1021 /* used number of elements of environ array, including terminating NULL */
1022 static int environ_size = 0;
1023 /* allocated size of environ array, in bytes */
1024 static int environ_alloc = 0;
1025
1026 /*
1027  * Create environment block suitable for CreateProcess. Merges current
1028  * process environment and the supplied environment changes.
1029  */
1030 static wchar_t *make_environment_block(char **deltaenv)
1031 {
1032         wchar_t *wenvblk = NULL;
1033         char **tmpenv;
1034         int i = 0, size = environ_size, wenvsz = 0, wenvpos = 0;
1035
1036         while (deltaenv && deltaenv[i])
1037                 i++;
1038
1039         /* copy the environment, leaving space for changes */
1040         ALLOC_ARRAY(tmpenv, size + i);
1041         memcpy(tmpenv, environ, size * sizeof(char*));
1042
1043         /* merge supplied environment changes into the temporary environment */
1044         for (i = 0; deltaenv && deltaenv[i]; i++)
1045                 size = do_putenv(tmpenv, deltaenv[i], size, 0);
1046
1047         /* create environment block from temporary environment */
1048         for (i = 0; tmpenv[i]; i++) {
1049                 size = 2 * strlen(tmpenv[i]) + 2; /* +2 for final \0 */
1050                 ALLOC_GROW(wenvblk, (wenvpos + size) * sizeof(wchar_t), wenvsz);
1051                 wenvpos += xutftowcs(&wenvblk[wenvpos], tmpenv[i], size) + 1;
1052         }
1053         /* add final \0 terminator */
1054         wenvblk[wenvpos] = 0;
1055         free(tmpenv);
1056         return wenvblk;
1057 }
1058
1059 struct pinfo_t {
1060         struct pinfo_t *next;
1061         pid_t pid;
1062         HANDLE proc;
1063 };
1064 static struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
1065 CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
1066
1067 static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1068                               const char *dir,
1069                               int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1070 {
1071         STARTUPINFOW si;
1072         PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
1073         struct strbuf args;
1074         wchar_t wcmd[MAX_PATH], wdir[MAX_PATH], *wargs, *wenvblk = NULL;
1075         unsigned flags = CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT;
1076         BOOL ret;
1077
1078         /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
1079         HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
1080                         FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
1081                         FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
1082         if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
1083                 /* There is no console associated with this process.
1084                  * Since the child is a console process, Windows
1085                  * would normally create a console window. But
1086                  * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
1087                  * not need the console.
1088                  * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
1089                  * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
1090                  * recognize that it has no console.
1091                  */
1092                 flags |= DETACHED_PROCESS;
1093         } else {
1094                 /* There is already a console. If we specified
1095                  * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
1096                  * disassociate the child from the console.
1097                  * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
1098                  * Go figure!
1099                  */
1100                 CloseHandle(cons);
1101         }
1102         memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
1103         si.cb = sizeof(si);
1104         si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
1105         si.hStdInput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhin);
1106         si.hStdOutput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhout);
1107         si.hStdError = winansi_get_osfhandle(fherr);
1108
1109         if (xutftowcs_path(wcmd, cmd) < 0)
1110                 return -1;
1111         if (dir && xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0)
1112                 return -1;
1113
1114         /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
1115         strbuf_init(&args, 0);
1116         if (prepend_cmd) {
1117                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
1118                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1119                 if (quoted != cmd)
1120                         free(quoted);
1121         }
1122         for (; *argv; argv++) {
1123                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
1124                 if (*args.buf)
1125                         strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
1126                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1127                 if (quoted != *argv)
1128                         free(quoted);
1129         }
1130
1131         ALLOC_ARRAY(wargs, st_add(st_mult(2, args.len), 1));
1132         xutftowcs(wargs, args.buf, 2 * args.len + 1);
1133         strbuf_release(&args);
1134
1135         wenvblk = make_environment_block(deltaenv);
1136
1137         memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
1138         ret = CreateProcessW(wcmd, wargs, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
1139                 wenvblk, dir ? wdir : NULL, &si, &pi);
1140
1141         free(wenvblk);
1142         free(wargs);
1143
1144         if (!ret) {
1145                 errno = ENOENT;
1146                 return -1;
1147         }
1148         CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
1149
1150         /*
1151          * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
1152          * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
1153          * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
1154          * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
1155          * handle after the process terminated.
1156          * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
1157          */
1158         EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1159         {
1160                 struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
1161                 info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
1162                 info->proc = pi.hProcess;
1163                 info->next = pinfo;
1164                 pinfo = info;
1165         }
1166         LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1167
1168         return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
1169 }
1170
1171 static pid_t mingw_spawnv(const char *cmd, const char **argv, int prepend_cmd)
1172 {
1173         return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, NULL, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
1174 }
1175
1176 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1177                      const char *dir,
1178                      int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1179 {
1180         pid_t pid;
1181         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, 0);
1182
1183         if (!prog) {
1184                 errno = ENOENT;
1185                 pid = -1;
1186         }
1187         else {
1188                 const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
1189
1190                 if (interpr) {
1191                         const char *argv0 = argv[0];
1192                         char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, 1);
1193                         argv[0] = prog;
1194                         if (!iprog) {
1195                                 errno = ENOENT;
1196                                 pid = -1;
1197                         }
1198                         else {
1199                                 pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 1,
1200                                                        fhin, fhout, fherr);
1201                                 free(iprog);
1202                         }
1203                         argv[0] = argv0;
1204                 }
1205                 else
1206                         pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 0,
1207                                                fhin, fhout, fherr);
1208                 free(prog);
1209         }
1210         return pid;
1211 }
1212
1213 static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1214 {
1215         const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
1216         char *prog;
1217         int pid = 0;
1218
1219         if (!interpr)
1220                 return 0;
1221         prog = path_lookup(interpr, 1);
1222         if (prog) {
1223                 int argc = 0;
1224                 const char **argv2;
1225                 while (argv[argc]) argc++;
1226                 ALLOC_ARRAY(argv2, argc + 1);
1227                 argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
1228                 memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
1229                 pid = mingw_spawnv(prog, argv2, 1);
1230                 if (pid >= 0) {
1231                         int status;
1232                         if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1233                                 status = 255;
1234                         exit(status);
1235                 }
1236                 pid = 1;        /* indicate that we tried but failed */
1237                 free(prog);
1238                 free(argv2);
1239         }
1240         return pid;
1241 }
1242
1243 int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1244 {
1245         /* check if git_command is a shell script */
1246         if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv)) {
1247                 int pid, status;
1248
1249                 pid = mingw_spawnv(cmd, (const char **)argv, 0);
1250                 if (pid < 0)
1251                         return -1;
1252                 if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1253                         status = 255;
1254                 exit(status);
1255         }
1256         return -1;
1257 }
1258
1259 int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1260 {
1261         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, 0);
1262
1263         if (prog) {
1264                 mingw_execv(prog, argv);
1265                 free(prog);
1266         } else
1267                 errno = ENOENT;
1268
1269         return -1;
1270 }
1271
1272 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
1273 {
1274         if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
1275                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
1276
1277                 if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
1278                         CloseHandle(h);
1279                         return 0;
1280                 }
1281
1282                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1283                 CloseHandle(h);
1284                 return -1;
1285         } else if (pid > 0 && sig == 0) {
1286                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE, pid);
1287                 if (h) {
1288                         CloseHandle(h);
1289                         return 0;
1290                 }
1291         }
1292
1293         errno = EINVAL;
1294         return -1;
1295 }
1296
1297 /*
1298  * Compare environment entries by key (i.e. stopping at '=' or '\0').
1299  */
1300 static int compareenv(const void *v1, const void *v2)
1301 {
1302         const char *e1 = *(const char**)v1;
1303         const char *e2 = *(const char**)v2;
1304
1305         for (;;) {
1306                 int c1 = *e1++;
1307                 int c2 = *e2++;
1308                 c1 = (c1 == '=') ? 0 : tolower(c1);
1309                 c2 = (c2 == '=') ? 0 : tolower(c2);
1310                 if (c1 > c2)
1311                         return 1;
1312                 if (c1 < c2)
1313                         return -1;
1314                 if (c1 == 0)
1315                         return 0;
1316         }
1317 }
1318
1319 static int bsearchenv(char **env, const char *name, size_t size)
1320 {
1321         unsigned low = 0, high = size;
1322         while (low < high) {
1323                 unsigned mid = low + ((high - low) >> 1);
1324                 int cmp = compareenv(&env[mid], &name);
1325                 if (cmp < 0)
1326                         low = mid + 1;
1327                 else if (cmp > 0)
1328                         high = mid;
1329                 else
1330                         return mid;
1331         }
1332         return ~low; /* not found, return 1's complement of insert position */
1333 }
1334
1335 /*
1336  * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
1337  * Size includes the terminating NULL. Env must have room for size + 1 entries
1338  * (in case of insert). Returns the new size. Optionally frees removed entries.
1339  */
1340 static int do_putenv(char **env, const char *name, int size, int free_old)
1341 {
1342         int i = bsearchenv(env, name, size - 1);
1343
1344         /* optionally free removed / replaced entry */
1345         if (i >= 0 && free_old)
1346                 free(env[i]);
1347
1348         if (strchr(name, '=')) {
1349                 /* if new value ('key=value') is specified, insert or replace entry */
1350                 if (i < 0) {
1351                         i = ~i;
1352                         memmove(&env[i + 1], &env[i], (size - i) * sizeof(char*));
1353                         size++;
1354                 }
1355                 env[i] = (char*) name;
1356         } else if (i >= 0) {
1357                 /* otherwise ('key') remove existing entry */
1358                 size--;
1359                 memmove(&env[i], &env[i + 1], (size - i) * sizeof(char*));
1360         }
1361         return size;
1362 }
1363
1364 char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
1365 {
1366         char *value;
1367         int pos = bsearchenv(environ, name, environ_size - 1);
1368         if (pos < 0)
1369                 return NULL;
1370         value = strchr(environ[pos], '=');
1371         return value ? &value[1] : NULL;
1372 }
1373
1374 int mingw_putenv(const char *namevalue)
1375 {
1376         ALLOC_GROW(environ, (environ_size + 1) * sizeof(char*), environ_alloc);
1377         environ_size = do_putenv(environ, namevalue, environ_size, 1);
1378         return 0;
1379 }
1380
1381 /*
1382  * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
1383  * that service contains a numerical port, or that it is null. It
1384  * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
1385  * if one was found.
1386  */
1387 static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
1388                                    const struct addrinfo *hints,
1389                                    struct addrinfo **res)
1390 {
1391         struct hostent *h = NULL;
1392         struct addrinfo *ai;
1393         struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1394
1395         if (node) {
1396                 h = gethostbyname(node);
1397                 if (!h)
1398                         return WSAGetLastError();
1399         }
1400
1401         ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1402         *res = ai;
1403         ai->ai_flags = 0;
1404         ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
1405         ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
1406         switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1407         case SOCK_STREAM:
1408                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
1409                 break;
1410         case SOCK_DGRAM:
1411                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
1412                 break;
1413         default:
1414                 ai->ai_protocol = 0;
1415                 break;
1416         }
1417         ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1418         if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
1419                 ai->ai_canonname = h ? xstrdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
1420         else
1421                 ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1422
1423         sin = xcalloc(1, ai->ai_addrlen);
1424         sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1425         /* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
1426          * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
1427          * currently not implemented */
1428         if (service)
1429                 sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
1430         if (h)
1431                 sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
1432         else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
1433                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
1434         else
1435                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
1436         ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
1437         ai->ai_next = NULL;
1438         return 0;
1439 }
1440
1441 static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
1442 {
1443         free(res->ai_canonname);
1444         free(res->ai_addr);
1445         free(res);
1446 }
1447
1448 static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1449                                    char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1450                                    char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
1451 {
1452         const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1453         if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
1454                 return EAI_FAMILY;
1455         if (!host && !serv)
1456                 return EAI_NONAME;
1457
1458         if (host && hostlen > 0) {
1459                 struct hostent *ent = NULL;
1460                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
1461                         ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
1462                                             sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
1463
1464                 if (ent)
1465                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
1466                 else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
1467                         return EAI_NONAME;
1468                 else
1469                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
1470         }
1471
1472         if (serv && servlen > 0) {
1473                 struct servent *ent = NULL;
1474                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
1475                         ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
1476                                             flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
1477
1478                 if (ent)
1479                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
1480                 else
1481                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
1482         }
1483
1484         return 0;
1485 }
1486
1487 static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
1488 static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
1489 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
1490                                       const struct addrinfo *hints,
1491                                       struct addrinfo **res);
1492 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1493                                       char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1494                                       char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
1495 /*
1496  * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
1497  * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
1498  */
1499
1500 static void socket_cleanup(void)
1501 {
1502         WSACleanup();
1503         if (ipv6_dll)
1504                 FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1505         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1506         ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1507         ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1508         ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1509 }
1510
1511 static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1512 {
1513         WSADATA wsa;
1514         static int initialized = 0;
1515         const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
1516         const char **name;
1517
1518         if (initialized)
1519                 return;
1520
1521         if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1522                 die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1523                         WSAGetLastError());
1524
1525         for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
1526                 ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
1527                 if (!ipv6_dll)
1528                         continue;
1529
1530                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
1531                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
1532                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
1533                                                    const struct addrinfo *,
1534                                                    struct addrinfo **))
1535                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
1536                 ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
1537                                                    socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
1538                                                    char *, DWORD, int))
1539                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
1540                 if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1541                         FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1542                         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1543                 } else
1544                         break;
1545         }
1546         if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1547                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1548                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1549                 ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1550         }
1551
1552         atexit(socket_cleanup);
1553         initialized = 1;
1554 }
1555
1556 #undef gethostname
1557 int mingw_gethostname(char *name, int namelen)
1558 {
1559     ensure_socket_initialization();
1560     return gethostname(name, namelen);
1561 }
1562
1563 #undef gethostbyname
1564 struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1565 {
1566         ensure_socket_initialization();
1567         return gethostbyname(host);
1568 }
1569
1570 void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
1571 {
1572         ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
1573 }
1574
1575 int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1576                       const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1577 {
1578         ensure_socket_initialization();
1579         return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1580 }
1581
1582 int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1583                       char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
1584                       int flags)
1585 {
1586         ensure_socket_initialization();
1587         return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
1588 }
1589
1590 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1591 {
1592         int sockfd;
1593         SOCKET s;
1594
1595         ensure_socket_initialization();
1596         s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1597         if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1598                 /*
1599                  * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1600                  * biased by WSABASEERR.
1601                  * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1602                  * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1603                  * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1604                  * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1605                  * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1606                  */
1607                 errno = WSAGetLastError();
1608                 return -1;
1609         }
1610         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1611         if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1612                 closesocket(s);
1613                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1614                         strerror(errno));
1615         }
1616         return sockfd;
1617 }
1618
1619 #undef connect
1620 int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1621 {
1622         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1623         return connect(s, sa, sz);
1624 }
1625
1626 #undef bind
1627 int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1628 {
1629         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1630         return bind(s, sa, sz);
1631 }
1632
1633 #undef setsockopt
1634 int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1635 {
1636         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1637         return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1638 }
1639
1640 #undef shutdown
1641 int mingw_shutdown(int sockfd, int how)
1642 {
1643         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1644         return shutdown(s, how);
1645 }
1646
1647 #undef listen
1648 int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1649 {
1650         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1651         return listen(s, backlog);
1652 }
1653
1654 #undef accept
1655 int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1656 {
1657         int sockfd2;
1658
1659         SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1660         SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1661
1662         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1663         if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1664                 int err = errno;
1665                 closesocket(s2);
1666                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1667                         strerror(err));
1668         }
1669         return sockfd2;
1670 }
1671
1672 #undef rename
1673 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1674 {
1675         DWORD attrs, gle;
1676         int tries = 0;
1677         wchar_t wpold[MAX_PATH], wpnew[MAX_PATH];
1678         if (xutftowcs_path(wpold, pold) < 0 || xutftowcs_path(wpnew, pnew) < 0)
1679                 return -1;
1680
1681         /*
1682          * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1683          * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1684          */
1685         if (!_wrename(wpold, wpnew))
1686                 return 0;
1687         if (errno != EEXIST)
1688                 return -1;
1689 repeat:
1690         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1691                 return 0;
1692         /* TODO: translate more errors */
1693         gle = GetLastError();
1694         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1695             (attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wpnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1696                 if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1697                         DWORD attrsold = GetFileAttributesW(wpold);
1698                         if (attrsold == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES ||
1699                             !(attrsold & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
1700                                 errno = EISDIR;
1701                         else if (!_wrmdir(wpnew))
1702                                 goto repeat;
1703                         return -1;
1704                 }
1705                 if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1706                     SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1707                         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1708                                 return 0;
1709                         gle = GetLastError();
1710                         /* revert file attributes on failure */
1711                         SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs);
1712                 }
1713         }
1714         if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1715                 /*
1716                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
1717                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1718                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1719                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1720                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1721                  */
1722                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
1723                 tries++;
1724                 goto repeat;
1725         }
1726         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1727                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
1728                        "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
1729                 goto repeat;
1730
1731         errno = EACCES;
1732         return -1;
1733 }
1734
1735 /*
1736  * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1737  * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1738  * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1739  */
1740 int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1741 {
1742         SYSTEM_INFO si;
1743         GetSystemInfo(&si);
1744         return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1745 }
1746
1747 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1748 {
1749         static char user_name[100];
1750         static struct passwd p;
1751
1752         DWORD len = sizeof(user_name);
1753         if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len))
1754                 return NULL;
1755         p.pw_name = user_name;
1756         p.pw_gecos = "unknown";
1757         p.pw_dir = NULL;
1758         return &p;
1759 }
1760
1761 static HANDLE timer_event;
1762 static HANDLE timer_thread;
1763 static int timer_interval;
1764 static int one_shot;
1765 static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL, sigint_fn = SIG_DFL;
1766
1767 /* The timer works like this:
1768  * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
1769  * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
1770  * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
1771  * state.
1772  * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
1773  * length to call the signal handler.
1774  */
1775
1776 static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
1777 {
1778         while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
1779                 mingw_raise(SIGALRM);
1780                 if (one_shot)
1781                         break;
1782         }
1783         return 0;
1784 }
1785
1786 static int start_timer_thread(void)
1787 {
1788         timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
1789         if (timer_event) {
1790                 timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
1791                 if (!timer_thread )
1792                         return errno = ENOMEM,
1793                                 error("cannot start timer thread");
1794         } else
1795                 return errno = ENOMEM,
1796                         error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
1797         return 0;
1798 }
1799
1800 static void stop_timer_thread(void)
1801 {
1802         if (timer_event)
1803                 SetEvent(timer_event);  /* tell thread to terminate */
1804         if (timer_thread) {
1805                 int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
1806                 if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
1807                         error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
1808                 else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
1809                         error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
1810                               GetLastError());
1811                 CloseHandle(timer_thread);
1812         }
1813         if (timer_event)
1814                 CloseHandle(timer_event);
1815         timer_event = NULL;
1816         timer_thread = NULL;
1817 }
1818
1819 static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
1820 {
1821         return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
1822 }
1823
1824 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
1825 {
1826         static const struct timeval zero;
1827         static int atexit_done;
1828
1829         if (out != NULL)
1830                 return errno = EINVAL,
1831                         error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1832         if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
1833             !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
1834                 return errno = EINVAL,
1835                         error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
1836
1837         if (timer_thread)
1838                 stop_timer_thread();
1839
1840         if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
1841             is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
1842                 return 0;
1843
1844         timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
1845         one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
1846         if (!atexit_done) {
1847                 atexit(stop_timer_thread);
1848                 atexit_done = 1;
1849         }
1850         return start_timer_thread();
1851 }
1852
1853 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
1854 {
1855         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1856                 return errno = EINVAL,
1857                         error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
1858         if (out != NULL)
1859                 return errno = EINVAL,
1860                         error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1861
1862         timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
1863         return 0;
1864 }
1865
1866 #undef signal
1867 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
1868 {
1869         sig_handler_t old;
1870
1871         switch (sig) {
1872         case SIGALRM:
1873                 old = timer_fn;
1874                 timer_fn = handler;
1875                 break;
1876
1877         case SIGINT:
1878                 old = sigint_fn;
1879                 sigint_fn = handler;
1880                 break;
1881
1882         default:
1883                 return signal(sig, handler);
1884         }
1885
1886         return old;
1887 }
1888
1889 #undef raise
1890 int mingw_raise(int sig)
1891 {
1892         switch (sig) {
1893         case SIGALRM:
1894                 if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL) {
1895                         if (isatty(STDERR_FILENO))
1896                                 fputs("Alarm clock\n", stderr);
1897                         exit(128 + SIGALRM);
1898                 } else if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
1899                         timer_fn(SIGALRM);
1900                 return 0;
1901
1902         case SIGINT:
1903                 if (sigint_fn == SIG_DFL)
1904                         exit(128 + SIGINT);
1905                 else if (sigint_fn != SIG_IGN)
1906                         sigint_fn(SIGINT);
1907                 return 0;
1908
1909         default:
1910                 return raise(sig);
1911         }
1912 }
1913
1914 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
1915 {
1916         typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
1917         static T create_hard_link = NULL;
1918         wchar_t woldpath[MAX_PATH], wnewpath[MAX_PATH];
1919         if (xutftowcs_path(woldpath, oldpath) < 0 ||
1920                 xutftowcs_path(wnewpath, newpath) < 0)
1921                 return -1;
1922
1923         if (!create_hard_link) {
1924                 create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
1925                         GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkW");
1926                 if (!create_hard_link)
1927                         create_hard_link = (T)-1;
1928         }
1929         if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
1930                 errno = ENOSYS;
1931                 return -1;
1932         }
1933         if (!create_hard_link(wnewpath, woldpath, NULL)) {
1934                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1935                 return -1;
1936         }
1937         return 0;
1938 }
1939
1940 pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
1941 {
1942         HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
1943             FALSE, pid);
1944         if (!h) {
1945                 errno = ECHILD;
1946                 return -1;
1947         }
1948
1949         if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
1950                 if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
1951                         CloseHandle(h);
1952                         return 0;
1953                 }
1954                 options &= ~WNOHANG;
1955         }
1956
1957         if (options == 0) {
1958                 struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
1959                 if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
1960                         CloseHandle(h);
1961                         return 0;
1962                 }
1963
1964                 if (status)
1965                         GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
1966
1967                 EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1968
1969                 ppinfo = &pinfo;
1970                 while (*ppinfo) {
1971                         struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
1972                         if (info->pid == pid) {
1973                                 CloseHandle(info->proc);
1974                                 *ppinfo = info->next;
1975                                 free(info);
1976                                 break;
1977                         }
1978                         ppinfo = &info->next;
1979                 }
1980
1981                 LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1982
1983                 CloseHandle(h);
1984                 return pid;
1985         }
1986         CloseHandle(h);
1987
1988         errno = EINVAL;
1989         return -1;
1990 }
1991
1992 int mingw_has_dos_drive_prefix(const char *path)
1993 {
1994         int i;
1995
1996         /*
1997          * Does it start with an ASCII letter (i.e. highest bit not set),
1998          * followed by a colon?
1999          */
2000         if (!(0x80 & (unsigned char)*path))
2001                 return *path && path[1] == ':' ? 2 : 0;
2002
2003         /*
2004          * While drive letters must be letters of the English alphabet, it is
2005          * possible to assign virtually _any_ Unicode character via `subst` as
2006          * a drive letter to "virtual drives". Even `1`, or `ä`. Or fun stuff
2007          * like this:
2008          *
2009          *      subst ֍: %USERPROFILE%\Desktop
2010          */
2011         for (i = 1; i < 4 && (0x80 & (unsigned char)path[i]); i++)
2012                 ; /* skip first UTF-8 character */
2013         return path[i] == ':' ? i + 1 : 0;
2014 }
2015
2016 int mingw_skip_dos_drive_prefix(char **path)
2017 {
2018         int ret = has_dos_drive_prefix(*path);
2019         *path += ret;
2020         return ret;
2021 }
2022
2023 int mingw_offset_1st_component(const char *path)
2024 {
2025         char *pos = (char *)path;
2026
2027         /* unc paths */
2028         if (!skip_dos_drive_prefix(&pos) &&
2029                         is_dir_sep(pos[0]) && is_dir_sep(pos[1])) {
2030                 /* skip server name */
2031                 pos = strpbrk(pos + 2, "\\/");
2032                 if (!pos)
2033                         return 0; /* Error: malformed unc path */
2034
2035                 do {
2036                         pos++;
2037                 } while (*pos && !is_dir_sep(*pos));
2038         }
2039
2040         return pos + is_dir_sep(*pos) - path;
2041 }
2042
2043 int xutftowcsn(wchar_t *wcs, const char *utfs, size_t wcslen, int utflen)
2044 {
2045         int upos = 0, wpos = 0;
2046         const unsigned char *utf = (const unsigned char*) utfs;
2047         if (!utf || !wcs || wcslen < 1) {
2048                 errno = EINVAL;
2049                 return -1;
2050         }
2051         /* reserve space for \0 */
2052         wcslen--;
2053         if (utflen < 0)
2054                 utflen = INT_MAX;
2055
2056         while (upos < utflen) {
2057                 int c = utf[upos++] & 0xff;
2058                 if (utflen == INT_MAX && c == 0)
2059                         break;
2060
2061                 if (wpos >= wcslen) {
2062                         wcs[wpos] = 0;
2063                         errno = ERANGE;
2064                         return -1;
2065                 }
2066
2067                 if (c < 0x80) {
2068                         /* ASCII */
2069                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2070                 } else if (c >= 0xc2 && c < 0xe0 && upos < utflen &&
2071                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2072                         /* 2-byte utf-8 */
2073                         c = ((c & 0x1f) << 6);
2074                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2075                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2076                 } else if (c >= 0xe0 && c < 0xf0 && upos + 1 < utflen &&
2077                                 !(c == 0xe0 && utf[upos] < 0xa0) && /* over-long encoding */
2078                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2079                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2080                         /* 3-byte utf-8 */
2081                         c = ((c & 0x0f) << 12);
2082                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2083                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2084                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2085                 } else if (c >= 0xf0 && c < 0xf5 && upos + 2 < utflen &&
2086                                 wpos + 1 < wcslen &&
2087                                 !(c == 0xf0 && utf[upos] < 0x90) && /* over-long encoding */
2088                                 !(c == 0xf4 && utf[upos] >= 0x90) && /* > \u10ffff */
2089                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2090                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2091                                 (utf[upos + 2] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2092                         /* 4-byte utf-8: convert to \ud8xx \udcxx surrogate pair */
2093                         c = ((c & 0x07) << 18);
2094                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 12);
2095                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2096                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2097                         c -= 0x10000;
2098                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xd800 | (c >> 10);
2099                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xdc00 | (c & 0x3ff);
2100                 } else if (c >= 0xa0) {
2101                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, printable unicode char: convert 1:1 */
2102                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2103                 } else {
2104                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, non-printable unicode: convert to hex */
2105                         static const char *hex = "0123456789abcdef";
2106                         wcs[wpos++] = hex[c >> 4];
2107                         if (wpos < wcslen)
2108                                 wcs[wpos++] = hex[c & 0x0f];
2109                 }
2110         }
2111         wcs[wpos] = 0;
2112         return wpos;
2113 }
2114
2115 int xwcstoutf(char *utf, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t utflen)
2116 {
2117         if (!wcs || !utf || utflen < 1) {
2118                 errno = EINVAL;
2119                 return -1;
2120         }
2121         utflen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wcs, -1, utf, utflen, NULL, NULL);
2122         if (utflen)
2123                 return utflen - 1;
2124         errno = ERANGE;
2125         return -1;
2126 }
2127
2128 static void setup_windows_environment(void)
2129 {
2130         char *tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
2131
2132         /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
2133         if (!tmp) {
2134                 if (!(tmp = getenv("TMP")))
2135                         tmp = getenv("TEMP");
2136                 if (tmp) {
2137                         setenv("TMPDIR", tmp, 1);
2138                         tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
2139                 }
2140         }
2141
2142         if (tmp) {
2143                 /*
2144                  * Convert all dir separators to forward slashes,
2145                  * to help shell commands called from the Git
2146                  * executable (by not mistaking the dir separators
2147                  * for escape characters).
2148                  */
2149                 convert_slashes(tmp);
2150         }
2151
2152         /* simulate TERM to enable auto-color (see color.c) */
2153         if (!getenv("TERM"))
2154                 setenv("TERM", "cygwin", 1);
2155 }
2156
2157 int is_valid_win32_path(const char *path)
2158 {
2159         int preceding_space_or_period = 0, i = 0, periods = 0;
2160
2161         if (!protect_ntfs)
2162                 return 1;
2163
2164         skip_dos_drive_prefix((char **)&path);
2165
2166         for (;;) {
2167                 char c = *(path++);
2168                 switch (c) {
2169                 case '\0':
2170                 case '/': case '\\':
2171                         /* cannot end in ` ` or `.`, except for `.` and `..` */
2172                         if (preceding_space_or_period &&
2173                             (i != periods || periods > 2))
2174                                 return 0;
2175                         if (!c)
2176                                 return 1;
2177
2178                         i = periods = preceding_space_or_period = 0;
2179                         continue;
2180                 case '.':
2181                         periods++;
2182                         /* fallthru */
2183                 case ' ':
2184                         preceding_space_or_period = 1;
2185                         i++;
2186                         continue;
2187                 case ':': /* DOS drive prefix was already skipped */
2188                 case '<': case '>': case '"': case '|': case '?': case '*':
2189                         /* illegal character */
2190                         return 0;
2191                 default:
2192                         if (c > '\0' && c < '\x20')
2193                                 /* illegal character */
2194                                 return 0;
2195                 }
2196                 preceding_space_or_period = 0;
2197                 i++;
2198         }
2199 }
2200
2201 /*
2202  * Disable MSVCRT command line wildcard expansion (__getmainargs called from
2203  * mingw startup code, see init.c in mingw runtime).
2204  */
2205 int _CRT_glob = 0;
2206
2207 typedef struct {
2208         int newmode;
2209 } _startupinfo;
2210
2211 extern int __wgetmainargs(int *argc, wchar_t ***argv, wchar_t ***env, int glob,
2212                 _startupinfo *si);
2213
2214 static NORETURN void die_startup(void)
2215 {
2216         fputs("fatal: not enough memory for initialization", stderr);
2217         exit(128);
2218 }
2219
2220 static void *malloc_startup(size_t size)
2221 {
2222         void *result = malloc(size);
2223         if (!result)
2224                 die_startup();
2225         return result;
2226 }
2227
2228 static char *wcstoutfdup_startup(char *buffer, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t len)
2229 {
2230         len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wcs, len) + 1;
2231         return memcpy(malloc_startup(len), buffer, len);
2232 }
2233
2234 void mingw_startup(void)
2235 {
2236         int i, maxlen, argc;
2237         char *buffer;
2238         wchar_t **wenv, **wargv;
2239         _startupinfo si;
2240
2241         /* get wide char arguments and environment */
2242         si.newmode = 0;
2243         if (__wgetmainargs(&argc, &wargv, &wenv, _CRT_glob, &si) < 0)
2244                 die_startup();
2245
2246         /* determine size of argv and environ conversion buffer */
2247         maxlen = wcslen(_wpgmptr);
2248         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2249                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wargv[i]));
2250         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2251                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wenv[i]));
2252
2253         /*
2254          * nedmalloc can't free CRT memory, allocate resizable environment
2255          * list. Note that xmalloc / xmemdupz etc. call getenv, so we cannot
2256          * use it while initializing the environment itself.
2257          */
2258         environ_size = i + 1;
2259         environ_alloc = alloc_nr(environ_size * sizeof(char*));
2260         environ = malloc_startup(environ_alloc);
2261
2262         /* allocate buffer (wchar_t encodes to max 3 UTF-8 bytes) */
2263         maxlen = 3 * maxlen + 1;
2264         buffer = malloc_startup(maxlen);
2265
2266         /* convert command line arguments and environment to UTF-8 */
2267         __argv[0] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, _wpgmptr, maxlen);
2268         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2269                 __argv[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wargv[i], maxlen);
2270         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2271                 environ[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wenv[i], maxlen);
2272         environ[i] = NULL;
2273         free(buffer);
2274
2275         /* sort environment for O(log n) getenv / putenv */
2276         qsort(environ, i, sizeof(char*), compareenv);
2277
2278         /* fix Windows specific environment settings */
2279         setup_windows_environment();
2280
2281         /* initialize critical section for waitpid pinfo_t list */
2282         InitializeCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2283
2284         /* set up default file mode and file modes for stdin/out/err */
2285         _fmode = _O_BINARY;
2286         _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
2287         _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
2288         _setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY);
2289
2290         /* initialize Unicode console */
2291         winansi_init();
2292 }
2293
2294 int uname(struct utsname *buf)
2295 {
2296         unsigned v = (unsigned)GetVersion();
2297         memset(buf, 0, sizeof(*buf));
2298         xsnprintf(buf->sysname, sizeof(buf->sysname), "Windows");
2299         xsnprintf(buf->release, sizeof(buf->release),
2300                  "%u.%u", v & 0xff, (v >> 8) & 0xff);
2301         /* assuming NT variants only.. */
2302         xsnprintf(buf->version, sizeof(buf->version),
2303                   "%u", (v >> 16) & 0x7fff);
2304         return 0;
2305 }