wpa_supplicant/bgscan_learn.c

   1 /*
   2  * WPA Supplicant - background scan and roaming module: learn
   3  * Copyright (c) 2009-2010, Jouni Malinen <j@w1.fi>
   4  *
   5  * This software may be distributed under the terms of the BSD license.
   6  * See README for more details.
   7  */
   8
   9 #include "includes.h"
  10
  11 #include "common.h"
  12 #include "eloop.h"
  13 #include "list.h"
  14 #include "common/ieee802_11_defs.h"
  15 #include "drivers/driver.h"
  16 #include "config_ssid.h"
  17 #include "wpa_supplicant_i.h"
  18 #include "driver_i.h"
  19 #include "scan.h"
  20 #include "bgscan.h"
  21
  22 struct bgscan_learn_bss {
  23         struct dl_list list;
  24         u8 bssid[ETH_ALEN];
  25         int freq;
  26         u8 *neigh; /* num_neigh * ETH_ALEN buffer */
  27         size_t num_neigh;
  28 };
  29
  30 struct bgscan_learn_data {
  31         struct wpa_supplicant *wpa_s;
  32         const struct wpa_ssid *ssid;
  33         int scan_interval;
  34         int signal_threshold;
  35         int short_interval; /* use if signal < threshold */
  36         int long_interval; /* use if signal > threshold */
  37         struct os_reltime last_bgscan;
  38         char *fname;
  39         struct dl_list bss;
  40         int *supp_freqs;
  41         int probe_idx;
  42 };
  43
  44
  45 static void bss_free(struct bgscan_learn_bss *bss)
  46 {
  47         os_free(bss->neigh);
  48         os_free(bss);
  49 }
  50
  51
  52 static int bssid_in_array(u8 *array, size_t array_len, const u8 *bssid)
  53 {
  54         size_t i;
  55
  56         if (array == NULL || array_len == 0)
  57                 return 0;
  58
  59         for (i = 0; i < array_len; i++) {
  60                 if (os_memcmp(array + i * ETH_ALEN, bssid, ETH_ALEN) == 0)
  61                         return 1;
  62         }
  63
  64         return 0;
  65 }
  66
  67
  68 static void bgscan_learn_add_neighbor(struct bgscan_learn_bss *bss,
  69                                       const u8 *bssid)
  70 {
  71         u8 *n;
  72
  73         if (os_memcmp(bss->bssid, bssid, ETH_ALEN) == 0)
  74                 return;
  75         if (bssid_in_array(bss->neigh, bss->num_neigh, bssid))
  76                 return;
  77
  78         n = os_realloc_array(bss->neigh, bss->num_neigh + 1, ETH_ALEN);
  79         if (n == NULL)
  80                 return;
  81
  82         os_memcpy(n + bss->num_neigh * ETH_ALEN, bssid, ETH_ALEN);
  83         bss->neigh = n;
  84         bss->num_neigh++;
  85 }
  86
  87
  88 static struct bgscan_learn_bss * bgscan_learn_get_bss(
  89         struct bgscan_learn_data *data, const u8 *bssid)
  90 {
  91         struct bgscan_learn_bss *bss;
  92
  93         dl_list_for_each(bss, &data->bss, struct bgscan_learn_bss, list) {
  94                 if (os_memcmp(bss->bssid, bssid, ETH_ALEN) == 0)
  95                         return bss;
  96         }
  97         return NULL;
  98 }
  99
 100
 101 static int bgscan_learn_load(struct bgscan_learn_data *data)
 102 {
 103         FILE *f;
 104         char buf[128];
 105         struct bgscan_learn_bss *bss;
 106
 107         if (data->fname == NULL)
 108                 return 0;
 109
 110         f = fopen(data->fname, "r");
 111         if (f == NULL)
 112                 return 0;
 113
 114         wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: Loading data from %s",
 115                    data->fname);
 116
 117         if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f) == NULL ||
 118             os_strncmp(buf, "wpa_supplicant-bgscan-learn\n", 28) != 0) {
 119                 wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "bgscan learn: Invalid data file %s",
 120                            data->fname);
 121                 fclose(f);
 122                 return -1;
 123         }
 124
 125         while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f)) {
 126                 if (os_strncmp(buf, "BSS ", 4) == 0) {
 127                         bss = os_zalloc(sizeof(*bss));
 128                         if (!bss)
 129                                 continue;
 130                         if (hwaddr_aton(buf + 4, bss->bssid) < 0) {
 131                                 bss_free(bss);
 132                                 continue;
 133                         }
 134                         bss->freq = atoi(buf + 4 + 18);
 135                         dl_list_add(&data->bss, &bss->list);
 136                         wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: Loaded BSS "
 137                                    "entry: " MACSTR " freq=%d",
 138                                    MAC2STR(bss->bssid), bss->freq);
 139                 }
 140
 141                 if (os_strncmp(buf, "NEIGHBOR ", 9) == 0) {
 142                         u8 addr[ETH_ALEN];
 143
 144                         if (hwaddr_aton(buf + 9, addr) < 0)
 145                                 continue;
 146                         bss = bgscan_learn_get_bss(data, addr);
 147                         if (bss == NULL)
 148                                 continue;
 149                         if (hwaddr_aton(buf + 9 + 18, addr) < 0)
 150                                 continue;
 151
 152                         bgscan_learn_add_neighbor(bss, addr);
 153                 }
 154         }
 155
 156         fclose(f);
 157         return 0;
 158 }
 159
 160
 161 static void bgscan_learn_save(struct bgscan_learn_data *data)
 162 {
 163         FILE *f;
 164         struct bgscan_learn_bss *bss;
 165
 166         if (data->fname == NULL)
 167                 return;
 168
 169         wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: Saving data to %s",
 170                    data->fname);
 171
 172         f = fopen(data->fname, "w");
 173         if (f == NULL)
 174                 return;
 175         fprintf(f, "wpa_supplicant-bgscan-learn\n");
 176
 177         dl_list_for_each(bss, &data->bss, struct bgscan_learn_bss, list) {
 178                 fprintf(f, "BSS " MACSTR " %d\n",
 179                         MAC2STR(bss->bssid), bss->freq);
 180         }
 181
 182         dl_list_for_each(bss, &data->bss, struct bgscan_learn_bss, list) {
 183                 size_t i;
 184                 for (i = 0; i < bss->num_neigh; i++) {
 185                         fprintf(f, "NEIGHBOR " MACSTR " " MACSTR "\n",
 186                                 MAC2STR(bss->bssid),
 187                                 MAC2STR(bss->neigh + i * ETH_ALEN));
 188                 }
 189         }
 190
 191         fclose(f);
 192 }
 193
 194
 195 static int in_array(int *array, int val)
 196 {
 197         int i;
 198
 199         if (array == NULL)
 200                 return 0;
 201
 202         for (i = 0; array[i]; i++) {
 203                 if (array[i] == val)
 204                         return 1;
 205         }
 206
 207         return 0;
 208 }
 209
 210
 211 static int * bgscan_learn_get_freqs(struct bgscan_learn_data *data,
 212                                     size_t *count)
 213 {
 214         struct bgscan_learn_bss *bss;
 215         int *freqs = NULL, *n;
 216
 217         *count = 0;
 218
 219         dl_list_for_each(bss, &data->bss, struct bgscan_learn_bss, list) {
 220                 if (in_array(freqs, bss->freq))
 221                         continue;
 222                 n = os_realloc_array(freqs, *count + 2, sizeof(int));
 223                 if (n == NULL)
 224                         return freqs;
 225                 freqs = n;
 226                 freqs[*count] = bss->freq;
 227                 (*count)++;
 228                 freqs[*count] = 0;
 229         }
 230
 231         return freqs;
 232 }
 233
 234
 235 static int * bgscan_learn_get_probe_freq(struct bgscan_learn_data *data,
 236                                          int *freqs, size_t count)
 237 {
 238         int idx, *n;
 239
 240         if (data->supp_freqs == NULL)
 241                 return freqs;
 242
 243         idx = data->probe_idx;
 244         do {
 245                 if (!in_array(freqs, data->supp_freqs[idx])) {
 246                         wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: Probe new freq "
 247                                    "%u", data->supp_freqs[idx]);
 248                         data->probe_idx = idx + 1;
 249                         if (data->supp_freqs[data->probe_idx] == 0)
 250                                 data->probe_idx = 0;
 251                         n = os_realloc_array(freqs, count + 2, sizeof(int));
 252                         if (n == NULL)
 253                                 return freqs;
 254                         freqs = n;
 255                         freqs[count] = data->supp_freqs[idx];
 256                         count++;
 257                         freqs[count] = 0;
 258                         break;
 259                 }
 260
 261                 idx++;
 262                 if (data->supp_freqs[idx] == 0)
 263                         idx = 0;
 264         } while (idx != data->probe_idx);
 265
 266         return freqs;
 267 }
 268
 269
 270 static void bgscan_learn_timeout(void *eloop_ctx, void *timeout_ctx)
 271 {
 272         struct bgscan_learn_data *data = eloop_ctx;
 273         struct wpa_supplicant *wpa_s = data->wpa_s;
 274         struct wpa_driver_scan_params params;
 275         int *freqs = NULL;
 276         size_t count, i;
 277         char msg[100], *pos;
 278
 279         os_memset(&params, 0, sizeof(params));
 280         params.num_ssids = 1;
 281         params.ssids[0].ssid = data->ssid->ssid;
 282         params.ssids[0].ssid_len = data->ssid->ssid_len;
 283         if (data->ssid->scan_freq)
 284                 params.freqs = data->ssid->scan_freq;
 285         else {
 286                 freqs = bgscan_learn_get_freqs(data, &count);
 287                 wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: BSSes in this ESS have "
 288                            "been seen on %u channels", (unsigned int) count);
 289                 freqs = bgscan_learn_get_probe_freq(data, freqs, count);
 290
 291                 msg[0] = '\0';
 292                 pos = msg;
 293                 for (i = 0; freqs && freqs[i]; i++) {
 294                         int ret;
 295                         ret = os_snprintf(pos, msg + sizeof(msg) - pos, " %d",
 296                                           freqs[i]);
 297                         if (os_snprintf_error(msg + sizeof(msg) - pos, ret))
 298                                 break;
 299                         pos += ret;
 300                 }
 301                 pos[0] = '\0';
 302                 wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: Scanning frequencies:%s",
 303                            msg);
 304                 params.freqs = freqs;
 305         }
 306
 307         wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: Request a background scan");
 308         if (wpa_supplicant_trigger_scan(wpa_s, &params)) {
 309                 wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: Failed to trigger scan");
 310                 eloop_register_timeout(data->scan_interval, 0,
 311                                        bgscan_learn_timeout, data, NULL);
 312         } else
 313                 os_get_reltime(&data->last_bgscan);
 314         os_free(freqs);
 315 }
 316
 317
 318 static int bgscan_learn_get_params(struct bgscan_learn_data *data,
 319                                    const char *params)
 320 {
 321         const char *pos;
 322
 323         data->short_interval = atoi(params);
 324
 325         pos = os_strchr(params, ':');
 326         if (pos == NULL)
 327                 return 0;
 328         pos++;
 329         data->signal_threshold = atoi(pos);
 330         pos = os_strchr(pos, ':');
 331         if (pos == NULL) {
 332                 wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "bgscan learn: Missing scan interval "
 333                            "for high signal");
 334                 return -1;
 335         }
 336         pos++;
 337         data->long_interval = atoi(pos);
 338         pos = os_strchr(pos, ':');
 339         if (pos) {
 340                 pos++;
 341                 data->fname = os_strdup(pos);
 342         }
 343
 344         return 0;
 345 }
 346
 347
 348 static int * bgscan_learn_get_supp_freqs(struct wpa_supplicant *wpa_s)
 349 {
 350         struct hostapd_hw_modes *modes;
 351         int i, j, *freqs = NULL, *n;
 352         size_t count = 0;
 353
 354         modes = wpa_s->hw.modes;
 355         if (modes == NULL)
 356                 return NULL;
 357
 358         for (i = 0; i < wpa_s->hw.num_modes; i++) {
 359                 for (j = 0; j < modes[i].num_channels; j++) {
 360                         if (modes[i].channels[j].flag & HOSTAPD_CHAN_DISABLED)
 361                                 continue;
 362                         /* some hw modes (e.g. 11b & 11g) contain same freqs */
 363                         if (in_array(freqs, modes[i].channels[j].freq))
 364                                 continue;
 365                         n = os_realloc_array(freqs, count + 2, sizeof(int));
 366                         if (n == NULL)
 367                                 continue;
 368
 369                         freqs = n;
 370                         freqs[count] = modes[i].channels[j].freq;
 371                         count++;
 372                         freqs[count] = 0;
 373                 }
 374         }
 375
 376         return freqs;
 377 }
 378
 379
 380 static void * bgscan_learn_init(struct wpa_supplicant *wpa_s,
 381                                 const char *params,
 382                                 const struct wpa_ssid *ssid)
 383 {
 384         struct bgscan_learn_data *data;
 385
 386         data = os_zalloc(sizeof(*data));
 387         if (data == NULL)
 388                 return NULL;
 389         dl_list_init(&data->bss);
 390         data->wpa_s = wpa_s;
 391         data->ssid = ssid;
 392         if (bgscan_learn_get_params(data, params) < 0) {
 393                 os_free(data->fname);
 394                 os_free(data);
 395                 return NULL;
 396         }
 397         if (data->short_interval <= 0)
 398                 data->short_interval = 30;
 399         if (data->long_interval <= 0)
 400                 data->long_interval = 30;
 401
 402         if (bgscan_learn_load(data) < 0) {
 403                 os_free(data->fname);
 404                 os_free(data);
 405                 return NULL;
 406         }
 407
 408         wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: Signal strength threshold %d  "
 409                    "Short bgscan interval %d  Long bgscan interval %d",
 410                    data->signal_threshold, data->short_interval,
 411                    data->long_interval);
 412
 413         if (data->signal_threshold &&
 414             wpa_drv_signal_monitor(wpa_s, data->signal_threshold, 4) < 0) {
 415                 wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "bgscan learn: Failed to enable "
 416                            "signal strength monitoring");
 417         }
 418
 419         data->supp_freqs = bgscan_learn_get_supp_freqs(wpa_s);
 420         data->scan_interval = data->short_interval;
 421         if (data->signal_threshold) {
 422                 /* Poll for signal info to set initial scan interval */
 423                 struct wpa_signal_info siginfo;
 424                 if (wpa_drv_signal_poll(wpa_s, &siginfo) == 0 &&
 425                     siginfo.current_signal >= data->signal_threshold)
 426                         data->scan_interval = data->long_interval;
 427         }
 428
 429         eloop_register_timeout(data->scan_interval, 0, bgscan_learn_timeout,
 430                                data, NULL);
 431
 432         /*
 433          * This function is called immediately after an association, so it is
 434          * reasonable to assume that a scan was completed recently. This makes
 435          * us skip an immediate new scan in cases where the current signal
 436          * level is below the bgscan threshold.
 437          */
 438         os_get_reltime(&data->last_bgscan);
 439
 440         return data;
 441 }
 442
 443
 444 static void bgscan_learn_deinit(void *priv)
 445 {
 446         struct bgscan_learn_data *data = priv;
 447         struct bgscan_learn_bss *bss, *n;
 448
 449         bgscan_learn_save(data);
 450         eloop_cancel_timeout(bgscan_learn_timeout, data, NULL);
 451         if (data->signal_threshold)
 452                 wpa_drv_signal_monitor(data->wpa_s, 0, 0);
 453         os_free(data->fname);
 454         dl_list_for_each_safe(bss, n, &data->bss, struct bgscan_learn_bss,
 455                               list) {
 456                 dl_list_del(&bss->list);
 457                 bss_free(bss);
 458         }
 459         os_free(data->supp_freqs);
 460         os_free(data);
 461 }
 462
 463
 464 static int bgscan_learn_bss_match(struct bgscan_learn_data *data,
 465                                   struct wpa_scan_res *bss)
 466 {
 467         const u8 *ie;
 468
 469         ie = wpa_scan_get_ie(bss, WLAN_EID_SSID);
 470         if (ie == NULL)
 471                 return 0;
 472
 473         if (data->ssid->ssid_len != ie[1] ||
 474             os_memcmp(data->ssid->ssid, ie + 2, ie[1]) != 0)
 475                 return 0; /* SSID mismatch */
 476
 477         return 1;
 478 }
 479
 480
 481 static int bgscan_learn_notify_scan(void *priv,
 482                                     struct wpa_scan_results *scan_res)
 483 {
 484         struct bgscan_learn_data *data = priv;
 485         size_t i, j;
 486 #define MAX_BSS 50
 487         u8 bssid[MAX_BSS * ETH_ALEN];
 488         size_t num_bssid = 0;
 489
 490         wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: scan result notification");
 491
 492         eloop_cancel_timeout(bgscan_learn_timeout, data, NULL);
 493         eloop_register_timeout(data->scan_interval, 0, bgscan_learn_timeout,
 494                                data, NULL);
 495
 496         for (i = 0; i < scan_res->num; i++) {
 497                 struct wpa_scan_res *res = scan_res->res[i];
 498                 if (!bgscan_learn_bss_match(data, res))
 499                         continue;
 500
 501                 if (num_bssid < MAX_BSS) {
 502                         os_memcpy(bssid + num_bssid * ETH_ALEN, res->bssid,
 503                                   ETH_ALEN);
 504                         num_bssid++;
 505                 }
 506         }
 507         wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: %u matching BSSes in scan "
 508                    "results", (unsigned int) num_bssid);
 509
 510         for (i = 0; i < scan_res->num; i++) {
 511                 struct wpa_scan_res *res = scan_res->res[i];
 512                 struct bgscan_learn_bss *bss;
 513
 514                 if (!bgscan_learn_bss_match(data, res))
 515                         continue;
 516
 517                 bss = bgscan_learn_get_bss(data, res->bssid);
 518                 if (bss && bss->freq != res->freq) {
 519                         wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: Update BSS "
 520                            MACSTR " freq %d -> %d",
 521                                    MAC2STR(res->bssid), bss->freq, res->freq);
 522                         bss->freq = res->freq;
 523                 } else if (!bss) {
 524                         wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: Add BSS " MACSTR
 525                                    " freq=%d", MAC2STR(res->bssid), res->freq);
 526                         bss = os_zalloc(sizeof(*bss));
 527                         if (!bss)
 528                                 continue;
 529                         os_memcpy(bss->bssid, res->bssid, ETH_ALEN);
 530                         bss->freq = res->freq;
 531                         dl_list_add(&data->bss, &bss->list);
 532                 }
 533
 534                 for (j = 0; j < num_bssid; j++) {
 535                         u8 *addr = bssid + j * ETH_ALEN;
 536                         bgscan_learn_add_neighbor(bss, addr);
 537                 }
 538         }
 539
 540         /*
 541          * A more advanced bgscan could process scan results internally, select
 542          * the BSS and request roam if needed. This sample uses the existing
 543          * BSS/ESS selection routine. Change this to return 1 if selection is
 544          * done inside the bgscan module.
 545          */
 546
 547         return 0;
 548 }
 549
 550
 551 static void bgscan_learn_notify_beacon_loss(void *priv)
 552 {
 553         wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: beacon loss");
 554         /* TODO: speed up background scanning */
 555 }
 556
 557
 558 static void bgscan_learn_notify_signal_change(void *priv, int above,
 559                                               int current_signal,
 560                                               int current_noise,
 561                                               int current_txrate)
 562 {
 563         struct bgscan_learn_data *data = priv;
 564         int scan = 0;
 565         struct os_reltime now;
 566
 567         if (data->short_interval == data->long_interval ||
 568             data->signal_threshold == 0)
 569                 return;
 570
 571         wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: signal level changed "
 572                    "(above=%d current_signal=%d current_noise=%d "
 573                    "current_txrate=%d)", above, current_signal,
 574                    current_noise, current_txrate);
 575         if (data->scan_interval == data->long_interval && !above) {
 576                 wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: Start using short bgscan "
 577                            "interval");
 578                 data->scan_interval = data->short_interval;
 579                 os_get_reltime(&now);
 580                 if (now.sec > data->last_bgscan.sec + 1)
 581                         scan = 1;
 582         } else if (data->scan_interval == data->short_interval && above) {
 583                 wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: Start using long bgscan "
 584                            "interval");
 585                 data->scan_interval = data->long_interval;
 586                 eloop_cancel_timeout(bgscan_learn_timeout, data, NULL);
 587                 eloop_register_timeout(data->scan_interval, 0,
 588                                        bgscan_learn_timeout, data, NULL);
 589         } else if (!above) {
 590                 /*
 591                  * Signal dropped further 4 dB. Request a new scan if we have
 592                  * not yet scanned in a while.
 593                  */
 594                 os_get_reltime(&now);
 595                 if (now.sec > data->last_bgscan.sec + 10)
 596                         scan = 1;
 597         }
 598
 599         if (scan) {
 600                 wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "bgscan learn: Trigger immediate scan");
 601                 eloop_cancel_timeout(bgscan_learn_timeout, data, NULL);
 602                 eloop_register_timeout(0, 0, bgscan_learn_timeout, data, NULL);
 603         }
 604 }
 605
 606
 607 const struct bgscan_ops bgscan_learn_ops = {
 608         .name = "learn",
 609         .init = bgscan_learn_init,
 610         .deinit = bgscan_learn_deinit,
 611         .notify_scan = bgscan_learn_notify_scan,
 612         .notify_beacon_loss = bgscan_learn_notify_beacon_loss,
 613         .notify_signal_change = bgscan_learn_notify_signal_change,
 614 };