MAINTAINERS: Fix Hyperv vIOMMU driver file name

[thirdparty/linux.git] / fs / xfs / libxfs / xfs_da_btree.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
 * Copyright (c) 2013 Red Hat, Inc.
 * All Rights Reserved.
 */
#include "xfs.h"
#include "xfs_fs.h"
#include "xfs_shared.h"
#include "xfs_format.h"
#include "xfs_log_format.h"
#include "xfs_trans_resv.h"
#include "xfs_bit.h"
#include "xfs_mount.h"
#include "xfs_dir2.h"
#include "xfs_dir2_priv.h"
#include "xfs_inode.h"
#include "xfs_trans.h"
#include "xfs_bmap.h"
#include "xfs_attr_leaf.h"
#include "xfs_error.h"
#include "xfs_trace.h"
#include "xfs_buf_item.h"
#include "xfs_log.h"

/*
 * xfs_da_btree.c
 *
 * Routines to implement directories as Btrees of hashed names.
 */

/*========================================================================
 * Function prototypes for the kernel.
 *========================================================================*/

/*
 * Routines used for growing the Btree.
 */
STATIC int xfs_da3_root_split(xfs_da_state_t *state,
                                            xfs_da_state_blk_t *existing_root,
                                            xfs_da_state_blk_t *new_child);
STATIC int xfs_da3_node_split(xfs_da_state_t *state,
                                            xfs_da_state_blk_t *existing_blk,
                                            xfs_da_state_blk_t *split_blk,
                                            xfs_da_state_blk_t *blk_to_add,
                                            int treelevel,
                                            int *result);
STATIC void xfs_da3_node_rebalance(xfs_da_state_t *state,
                                         xfs_da_state_blk_t *node_blk_1,
                                         xfs_da_state_blk_t *node_blk_2);
STATIC void xfs_da3_node_add(xfs_da_state_t *state,
                                   xfs_da_state_blk_t *old_node_blk,
                                   xfs_da_state_blk_t *new_node_blk);

/*
 * Routines used for shrinking the Btree.
 */
STATIC int xfs_da3_root_join(xfs_da_state_t *state,
                                           xfs_da_state_blk_t *root_blk);
STATIC int xfs_da3_node_toosmall(xfs_da_state_t *state, int *retval);
STATIC void xfs_da3_node_remove(xfs_da_state_t *state,
                                              xfs_da_state_blk_t *drop_blk);
STATIC void xfs_da3_node_unbalance(xfs_da_state_t *state,
                                         xfs_da_state_blk_t *src_node_blk,
                                         xfs_da_state_blk_t *dst_node_blk);

/*
 * Utility routines.
 */
STATIC int      xfs_da3_blk_unlink(xfs_da_state_t *state,
                                  xfs_da_state_blk_t *drop_blk,
                                  xfs_da_state_blk_t *save_blk);


kmem_zone_t *xfs_da_state_zone; /* anchor for state struct zone */

/*
 * Allocate a dir-state structure.
 * We don't put them on the stack since they're large.
 */
xfs_da_state_t *
xfs_da_state_alloc(void)
{
        return kmem_zone_zalloc(xfs_da_state_zone, KM_NOFS);
}

/*
 * Kill the altpath contents of a da-state structure.
 */
STATIC void
xfs_da_state_kill_altpath(xfs_da_state_t *state)
{
        int     i;

        for (i = 0; i < state->altpath.active; i++)
                state->altpath.blk[i].bp = NULL;
        state->altpath.active = 0;
}

/*
 * Free a da-state structure.
 */
void
xfs_da_state_free(xfs_da_state_t *state)
{
        xfs_da_state_kill_altpath(state);
#ifdef DEBUG
        memset((char *)state, 0, sizeof(*state));
#endif /* DEBUG */
        kmem_zone_free(xfs_da_state_zone, state);
}

/*
 * Verify an xfs_da3_blkinfo structure. Note that the da3 fields are only
 * accessible on v5 filesystems. This header format is common across da node,
 * attr leaf and dir leaf blocks.
 */
xfs_failaddr_t
xfs_da3_blkinfo_verify(
        struct xfs_buf          *bp,
        struct xfs_da3_blkinfo  *hdr3)
{
        struct xfs_mount        *mp = bp->b_mount;
        struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *hdr = &hdr3->hdr;

        if (!xfs_verify_magic16(bp, hdr->magic))
                return __this_address;

        if (xfs_sb_version_hascrc(&mp->m_sb)) {
                if (!uuid_equal(&hdr3->uuid, &mp->m_sb.sb_meta_uuid))
                        return __this_address;
                if (be64_to_cpu(hdr3->blkno) != bp->b_bn)
                        return __this_address;
                if (!xfs_log_check_lsn(mp, be64_to_cpu(hdr3->lsn)))
                        return __this_address;
        }

        return NULL;
}

static xfs_failaddr_t
xfs_da3_node_verify(
        struct xfs_buf          *bp)
{
        struct xfs_mount        *mp = bp->b_mount;
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *hdr = bp->b_addr;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr ichdr;
        const struct xfs_dir_ops *ops;
        xfs_failaddr_t          fa;

        ops = xfs_dir_get_ops(mp, NULL);

        ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&ichdr, hdr);

        fa = xfs_da3_blkinfo_verify(bp, bp->b_addr);
        if (fa)
                return fa;

        if (ichdr.level == 0)
                return __this_address;
        if (ichdr.level > XFS_DA_NODE_MAXDEPTH)
                return __this_address;
        if (ichdr.count == 0)
                return __this_address;

        /*
         * we don't know if the node is for and attribute or directory tree,
         * so only fail if the count is outside both bounds
         */
        if (ichdr.count > mp->m_dir_geo->node_ents &&
            ichdr.count > mp->m_attr_geo->node_ents)
                return __this_address;

        /* XXX: hash order check? */

        return NULL;
}

static void
xfs_da3_node_write_verify(
        struct xfs_buf  *bp)
{
        struct xfs_mount        *mp = bp->b_mount;
        struct xfs_buf_log_item *bip = bp->b_log_item;
        struct xfs_da3_node_hdr *hdr3 = bp->b_addr;
        xfs_failaddr_t          fa;

        fa = xfs_da3_node_verify(bp);
        if (fa) {
                xfs_verifier_error(bp, -EFSCORRUPTED, fa);
                return;
        }

        if (!xfs_sb_version_hascrc(&mp->m_sb))
                return;

        if (bip)
                hdr3->info.lsn = cpu_to_be64(bip->bli_item.li_lsn);

        xfs_buf_update_cksum(bp, XFS_DA3_NODE_CRC_OFF);
}

/*
 * leaf/node format detection on trees is sketchy, so a node read can be done on
 * leaf level blocks when detection identifies the tree as a node format tree
 * incorrectly. In this case, we need to swap the verifier to match the correct
 * format of the block being read.
 */
static void
xfs_da3_node_read_verify(
        struct xfs_buf          *bp)
{
        struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *info = bp->b_addr;
        xfs_failaddr_t          fa;

        switch (be16_to_cpu(info->magic)) {
                case XFS_DA3_NODE_MAGIC:
                        if (!xfs_buf_verify_cksum(bp, XFS_DA3_NODE_CRC_OFF)) {
                                xfs_verifier_error(bp, -EFSBADCRC,
                                                __this_address);
                                break;
                        }
                        /* fall through */
                case XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC:
                        fa = xfs_da3_node_verify(bp);
                        if (fa)
                                xfs_verifier_error(bp, -EFSCORRUPTED, fa);
                        return;
                case XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC:
                case XFS_ATTR3_LEAF_MAGIC:
                        bp->b_ops = &xfs_attr3_leaf_buf_ops;
                        bp->b_ops->verify_read(bp);
                        return;
                case XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC:
                case XFS_DIR3_LEAFN_MAGIC:
                        bp->b_ops = &xfs_dir3_leafn_buf_ops;
                        bp->b_ops->verify_read(bp);
                        return;
                default:
                        xfs_verifier_error(bp, -EFSCORRUPTED, __this_address);
                        break;
        }
}

/* Verify the structure of a da3 block. */
static xfs_failaddr_t
xfs_da3_node_verify_struct(
        struct xfs_buf          *bp)
{
        struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *info = bp->b_addr;

        switch (be16_to_cpu(info->magic)) {
        case XFS_DA3_NODE_MAGIC:
        case XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC:
                return xfs_da3_node_verify(bp);
        case XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC:
        case XFS_ATTR3_LEAF_MAGIC:
                bp->b_ops = &xfs_attr3_leaf_buf_ops;
                return bp->b_ops->verify_struct(bp);
        case XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC:
        case XFS_DIR3_LEAFN_MAGIC:
                bp->b_ops = &xfs_dir3_leafn_buf_ops;
                return bp->b_ops->verify_struct(bp);
        default:
                return __this_address;
        }
}

const struct xfs_buf_ops xfs_da3_node_buf_ops = {
        .name = "xfs_da3_node",
        .magic16 = { cpu_to_be16(XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC),
                     cpu_to_be16(XFS_DA3_NODE_MAGIC) },
        .verify_read = xfs_da3_node_read_verify,
        .verify_write = xfs_da3_node_write_verify,
        .verify_struct = xfs_da3_node_verify_struct,
};

int
xfs_da3_node_read(
        struct xfs_trans        *tp,
        struct xfs_inode        *dp,
        xfs_dablk_t             bno,
        xfs_daddr_t             mappedbno,
        struct xfs_buf          **bpp,
        int                     which_fork)
{
        int                     err;

        err = xfs_da_read_buf(tp, dp, bno, mappedbno, bpp,
                                        which_fork, &xfs_da3_node_buf_ops);
        if (!err && tp && *bpp) {
                struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *info = (*bpp)->b_addr;
                int                     type;

                switch (be16_to_cpu(info->magic)) {
                case XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC:
                case XFS_DA3_NODE_MAGIC:
                        type = XFS_BLFT_DA_NODE_BUF;
                        break;
                case XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC:
                case XFS_ATTR3_LEAF_MAGIC:
                        type = XFS_BLFT_ATTR_LEAF_BUF;
                        break;
                case XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC:
                case XFS_DIR3_LEAFN_MAGIC:
                        type = XFS_BLFT_DIR_LEAFN_BUF;
                        break;
                default:
                        XFS_CORRUPTION_ERROR(__func__, XFS_ERRLEVEL_LOW,
                                        tp->t_mountp, info, sizeof(*info));
                        xfs_trans_brelse(tp, *bpp);
                        *bpp = NULL;
                        return -EFSCORRUPTED;
                }
                xfs_trans_buf_set_type(tp, *bpp, type);
        }
        return err;
}

/*========================================================================
 * Routines used for growing the Btree.
 *========================================================================*/

/*
 * Create the initial contents of an intermediate node.
 */
int
xfs_da3_node_create(
        struct xfs_da_args      *args,
        xfs_dablk_t             blkno,
        int                     level,
        struct xfs_buf          **bpp,
        int                     whichfork)
{
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *node;
        struct xfs_trans        *tp = args->trans;
        struct xfs_mount        *mp = tp->t_mountp;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr ichdr = {0};
        struct xfs_buf          *bp;
        int                     error;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp = args->dp;

        trace_xfs_da_node_create(args);
        ASSERT(level <= XFS_DA_NODE_MAXDEPTH);

        error = xfs_da_get_buf(tp, dp, blkno, -1, &bp, whichfork);
        if (error)
                return error;
        bp->b_ops = &xfs_da3_node_buf_ops;
        xfs_trans_buf_set_type(tp, bp, XFS_BLFT_DA_NODE_BUF);
        node = bp->b_addr;

        if (xfs_sb_version_hascrc(&mp->m_sb)) {
                struct xfs_da3_node_hdr *hdr3 = bp->b_addr;

                memset(hdr3, 0, sizeof(struct xfs_da3_node_hdr));
                ichdr.magic = XFS_DA3_NODE_MAGIC;
                hdr3->info.blkno = cpu_to_be64(bp->b_bn);
                hdr3->info.owner = cpu_to_be64(args->dp->i_ino);
                uuid_copy(&hdr3->info.uuid, &mp->m_sb.sb_meta_uuid);
        } else {
                ichdr.magic = XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC;
        }
        ichdr.level = level;

        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_to_disk(node, &ichdr);
        xfs_trans_log_buf(tp, bp,
                XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(node, &node->hdr, dp->d_ops->node_hdr_size));

        *bpp = bp;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Split a leaf node, rebalance, then possibly split
 * intermediate nodes, rebalance, etc.
 */
int                                                     /* error */
xfs_da3_split(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state)
{
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *oldblk;
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *newblk;
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *addblk;
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *node;
        int                     max;
        int                     action = 0;
        int                     error;
        int                     i;

        trace_xfs_da_split(state->args);

        /*
         * Walk back up the tree splitting/inserting/adjusting as necessary.
         * If we need to insert and there isn't room, split the node, then
         * decide which fragment to insert the new block from below into.
         * Note that we may split the root this way, but we need more fixup.
         */
        max = state->path.active - 1;
        ASSERT((max >= 0) && (max < XFS_DA_NODE_MAXDEPTH));
        ASSERT(state->path.blk[max].magic == XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC ||
               state->path.blk[max].magic == XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC);

        addblk = &state->path.blk[max];         /* initial dummy value */
        for (i = max; (i >= 0) && addblk; state->path.active--, i--) {
                oldblk = &state->path.blk[i];
                newblk = &state->altpath.blk[i];

                /*
                 * If a leaf node then
                 *     Allocate a new leaf node, then rebalance across them.
                 * else if an intermediate node then
                 *     We split on the last layer, must we split the node?
                 */
                switch (oldblk->magic) {
                case XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC:
                        error = xfs_attr3_leaf_split(state, oldblk, newblk);
                        if ((error != 0) && (error != -ENOSPC)) {
                                return error;   /* GROT: attr is inconsistent */
                        }
                        if (!error) {
                                addblk = newblk;
                                break;
                        }
                        /*
                         * Entry wouldn't fit, split the leaf again. The new
                         * extrablk will be consumed by xfs_da3_node_split if
                         * the node is split.
                         */
                        state->extravalid = 1;
                        if (state->inleaf) {
                                state->extraafter = 0;  /* before newblk */
                                trace_xfs_attr_leaf_split_before(state->args);
                                error = xfs_attr3_leaf_split(state, oldblk,
                                                            &state->extrablk);
                        } else {
                                state->extraafter = 1;  /* after newblk */
                                trace_xfs_attr_leaf_split_after(state->args);
                                error = xfs_attr3_leaf_split(state, newblk,
                                                            &state->extrablk);
                        }
                        if (error)
                                return error;   /* GROT: attr inconsistent */
                        addblk = newblk;
                        break;
                case XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC:
                        error = xfs_dir2_leafn_split(state, oldblk, newblk);
                        if (error)
                                return error;
                        addblk = newblk;
                        break;
                case XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC:
                        error = xfs_da3_node_split(state, oldblk, newblk, addblk,
                                                         max - i, &action);
                        addblk->bp = NULL;
                        if (error)
                                return error;   /* GROT: dir is inconsistent */
                        /*
                         * Record the newly split block for the next time thru?
                         */
                        if (action)
                                addblk = newblk;
                        else
                                addblk = NULL;
                        break;
                }

                /*
                 * Update the btree to show the new hashval for this child.
                 */
                xfs_da3_fixhashpath(state, &state->path);
        }
        if (!addblk)
                return 0;

        /*
         * xfs_da3_node_split() should have consumed any extra blocks we added
         * during a double leaf split in the attr fork. This is guaranteed as
         * we can't be here if the attr fork only has a single leaf block.
         */
        ASSERT(state->extravalid == 0 ||
               state->path.blk[max].magic == XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC);

        /*
         * Split the root node.
         */
        ASSERT(state->path.active == 0);
        oldblk = &state->path.blk[0];
        error = xfs_da3_root_split(state, oldblk, addblk);
        if (error) {
                addblk->bp = NULL;
                return error;   /* GROT: dir is inconsistent */
        }

        /*
         * Update pointers to the node which used to be block 0 and just got
         * bumped because of the addition of a new root node.  Note that the
         * original block 0 could be at any position in the list of blocks in
         * the tree.
         *
         * Note: the magic numbers and sibling pointers are in the same physical
         * place for both v2 and v3 headers (by design). Hence it doesn't matter
         * which version of the xfs_da_intnode structure we use here as the
         * result will be the same using either structure.
         */
        node = oldblk->bp->b_addr;
        if (node->hdr.info.forw) {
                ASSERT(be32_to_cpu(node->hdr.info.forw) == addblk->blkno);
                node = addblk->bp->b_addr;
                node->hdr.info.back = cpu_to_be32(oldblk->blkno);
                xfs_trans_log_buf(state->args->trans, addblk->bp,
                                  XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(node, &node->hdr.info,
                                  sizeof(node->hdr.info)));
        }
        node = oldblk->bp->b_addr;
        if (node->hdr.info.back) {
                ASSERT(be32_to_cpu(node->hdr.info.back) == addblk->blkno);
                node = addblk->bp->b_addr;
                node->hdr.info.forw = cpu_to_be32(oldblk->blkno);
                xfs_trans_log_buf(state->args->trans, addblk->bp,
                                  XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(node, &node->hdr.info,
                                  sizeof(node->hdr.info)));
        }
        addblk->bp = NULL;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Split the root.  We have to create a new root and point to the two
 * parts (the split old root) that we just created.  Copy block zero to
 * the EOF, extending the inode in process.
 */
STATIC int                                              /* error */
xfs_da3_root_split(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *blk1,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *blk2)
{
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *node;
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *oldroot;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr nodehdr;
        struct xfs_da_args      *args;
        struct xfs_buf          *bp;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp;
        struct xfs_trans        *tp;
        struct xfs_dir2_leaf    *leaf;
        xfs_dablk_t             blkno;
        int                     level;
        int                     error;
        int                     size;

        trace_xfs_da_root_split(state->args);

        /*
         * Copy the existing (incorrect) block from the root node position
         * to a free space somewhere.
         */
        args = state->args;
        error = xfs_da_grow_inode(args, &blkno);
        if (error)
                return error;

        dp = args->dp;
        tp = args->trans;
        error = xfs_da_get_buf(tp, dp, blkno, -1, &bp, args->whichfork);
        if (error)
                return error;
        node = bp->b_addr;
        oldroot = blk1->bp->b_addr;
        if (oldroot->hdr.info.magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC) ||
            oldroot->hdr.info.magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DA3_NODE_MAGIC)) {
                struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr icnodehdr;

                dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&icnodehdr, oldroot);
                btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(oldroot);
                size = (int)((char *)&btree[icnodehdr.count] - (char *)oldroot);
                level = icnodehdr.level;

                /*
                 * we are about to copy oldroot to bp, so set up the type
                 * of bp while we know exactly what it will be.
                 */
                xfs_trans_buf_set_type(tp, bp, XFS_BLFT_DA_NODE_BUF);
        } else {
                struct xfs_dir3_icleaf_hdr leafhdr;
                struct xfs_dir2_leaf_entry *ents;

                leaf = (xfs_dir2_leaf_t *)oldroot;
                dp->d_ops->leaf_hdr_from_disk(&leafhdr, leaf);
                ents = dp->d_ops->leaf_ents_p(leaf);

                ASSERT(leafhdr.magic == XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC ||
                       leafhdr.magic == XFS_DIR3_LEAFN_MAGIC);
                size = (int)((char *)&ents[leafhdr.count] - (char *)leaf);
                level = 0;

                /*
                 * we are about to copy oldroot to bp, so set up the type
                 * of bp while we know exactly what it will be.
                 */
                xfs_trans_buf_set_type(tp, bp, XFS_BLFT_DIR_LEAFN_BUF);
        }

        /*
         * we can copy most of the information in the node from one block to
         * another, but for CRC enabled headers we have to make sure that the
         * block specific identifiers are kept intact. We update the buffer
         * directly for this.
         */
        memcpy(node, oldroot, size);
        if (oldroot->hdr.info.magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DA3_NODE_MAGIC) ||
            oldroot->hdr.info.magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DIR3_LEAFN_MAGIC)) {
                struct xfs_da3_intnode *node3 = (struct xfs_da3_intnode *)node;

                node3->hdr.info.blkno = cpu_to_be64(bp->b_bn);
        }
        xfs_trans_log_buf(tp, bp, 0, size - 1);

        bp->b_ops = blk1->bp->b_ops;
        xfs_trans_buf_copy_type(bp, blk1->bp);
        blk1->bp = bp;
        blk1->blkno = blkno;

        /*
         * Set up the new root node.
         */
        error = xfs_da3_node_create(args,
                (args->whichfork == XFS_DATA_FORK) ? args->geo->leafblk : 0,
                level + 1, &bp, args->whichfork);
        if (error)
                return error;

        node = bp->b_addr;
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr, node);
        btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node);
        btree[0].hashval = cpu_to_be32(blk1->hashval);
        btree[0].before = cpu_to_be32(blk1->blkno);
        btree[1].hashval = cpu_to_be32(blk2->hashval);
        btree[1].before = cpu_to_be32(blk2->blkno);
        nodehdr.count = 2;
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_to_disk(node, &nodehdr);

#ifdef DEBUG
        if (oldroot->hdr.info.magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC) ||
            oldroot->hdr.info.magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DIR3_LEAFN_MAGIC)) {
                ASSERT(blk1->blkno >= args->geo->leafblk &&
                       blk1->blkno < args->geo->freeblk);
                ASSERT(blk2->blkno >= args->geo->leafblk &&
                       blk2->blkno < args->geo->freeblk);
        }
#endif

        /* Header is already logged by xfs_da_node_create */
        xfs_trans_log_buf(tp, bp,
                XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(node, btree, sizeof(xfs_da_node_entry_t) * 2));

        return 0;
}

/*
 * Split the node, rebalance, then add the new entry.
 */
STATIC int                                              /* error */
xfs_da3_node_split(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *oldblk,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *newblk,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *addblk,
        int                     treelevel,
        int                     *result)
{
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *node;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr nodehdr;
        xfs_dablk_t             blkno;
        int                     newcount;
        int                     error;
        int                     useextra;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp = state->args->dp;

        trace_xfs_da_node_split(state->args);

        node = oldblk->bp->b_addr;
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr, node);

        /*
         * With V2 dirs the extra block is data or freespace.
         */
        useextra = state->extravalid && state->args->whichfork == XFS_ATTR_FORK;
        newcount = 1 + useextra;
        /*
         * Do we have to split the node?
         */
        if (nodehdr.count + newcount > state->args->geo->node_ents) {
                /*
                 * Allocate a new node, add to the doubly linked chain of
                 * nodes, then move some of our excess entries into it.
                 */
                error = xfs_da_grow_inode(state->args, &blkno);
                if (error)
                        return error;   /* GROT: dir is inconsistent */

                error = xfs_da3_node_create(state->args, blkno, treelevel,
                                           &newblk->bp, state->args->whichfork);
                if (error)
                        return error;   /* GROT: dir is inconsistent */
                newblk->blkno = blkno;
                newblk->magic = XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC;
                xfs_da3_node_rebalance(state, oldblk, newblk);
                error = xfs_da3_blk_link(state, oldblk, newblk);
                if (error)
                        return error;
                *result = 1;
        } else {
                *result = 0;
        }

        /*
         * Insert the new entry(s) into the correct block
         * (updating last hashval in the process).
         *
         * xfs_da3_node_add() inserts BEFORE the given index,
         * and as a result of using node_lookup_int() we always
         * point to a valid entry (not after one), but a split
         * operation always results in a new block whose hashvals
         * FOLLOW the current block.
         *
         * If we had double-split op below us, then add the extra block too.
         */
        node = oldblk->bp->b_addr;
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr, node);
        if (oldblk->index <= nodehdr.count) {
                oldblk->index++;
                xfs_da3_node_add(state, oldblk, addblk);
                if (useextra) {
                        if (state->extraafter)
                                oldblk->index++;
                        xfs_da3_node_add(state, oldblk, &state->extrablk);
                        state->extravalid = 0;
                }
        } else {
                newblk->index++;
                xfs_da3_node_add(state, newblk, addblk);
                if (useextra) {
                        if (state->extraafter)
                                newblk->index++;
                        xfs_da3_node_add(state, newblk, &state->extrablk);
                        state->extravalid = 0;
                }
        }

        return 0;
}

/*
 * Balance the btree elements between two intermediate nodes,
 * usually one full and one empty.
 *
 * NOTE: if blk2 is empty, then it will get the upper half of blk1.
 */
STATIC void
xfs_da3_node_rebalance(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *blk1,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *blk2)
{
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *node1;
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *node2;
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *tmpnode;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree1;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree2;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree_s;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree_d;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr nodehdr1;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr nodehdr2;
        struct xfs_trans        *tp;
        int                     count;
        int                     tmp;
        int                     swap = 0;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp = state->args->dp;

        trace_xfs_da_node_rebalance(state->args);

        node1 = blk1->bp->b_addr;
        node2 = blk2->bp->b_addr;
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr1, node1);
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr2, node2);
        btree1 = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node1);
        btree2 = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node2);

        /*
         * Figure out how many entries need to move, and in which direction.
         * Swap the nodes around if that makes it simpler.
         */
        if (nodehdr1.count > 0 && nodehdr2.count > 0 &&
            ((be32_to_cpu(btree2[0].hashval) < be32_to_cpu(btree1[0].hashval)) ||
             (be32_to_cpu(btree2[nodehdr2.count - 1].hashval) <
                        be32_to_cpu(btree1[nodehdr1.count - 1].hashval)))) {
                tmpnode = node1;
                node1 = node2;
                node2 = tmpnode;
                dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr1, node1);
                dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr2, node2);
                btree1 = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node1);
                btree2 = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node2);
                swap = 1;
        }

        count = (nodehdr1.count - nodehdr2.count) / 2;
        if (count == 0)
                return;
        tp = state->args->trans;
        /*
         * Two cases: high-to-low and low-to-high.
         */
        if (count > 0) {
                /*
                 * Move elements in node2 up to make a hole.
                 */
                tmp = nodehdr2.count;
                if (tmp > 0) {
                        tmp *= (uint)sizeof(xfs_da_node_entry_t);
                        btree_s = &btree2[0];
                        btree_d = &btree2[count];
                        memmove(btree_d, btree_s, tmp);
                }

                /*
                 * Move the req'd B-tree elements from high in node1 to
                 * low in node2.
                 */
                nodehdr2.count += count;
                tmp = count * (uint)sizeof(xfs_da_node_entry_t);
                btree_s = &btree1[nodehdr1.count - count];
                btree_d = &btree2[0];
                memcpy(btree_d, btree_s, tmp);
                nodehdr1.count -= count;
        } else {
                /*
                 * Move the req'd B-tree elements from low in node2 to
                 * high in node1.
                 */
                count = -count;
                tmp = count * (uint)sizeof(xfs_da_node_entry_t);
                btree_s = &btree2[0];
                btree_d = &btree1[nodehdr1.count];
                memcpy(btree_d, btree_s, tmp);
                nodehdr1.count += count;

                xfs_trans_log_buf(tp, blk1->bp,
                        XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(node1, btree_d, tmp));

                /*
                 * Move elements in node2 down to fill the hole.
                 */
                tmp  = nodehdr2.count - count;
                tmp *= (uint)sizeof(xfs_da_node_entry_t);
                btree_s = &btree2[count];
                btree_d = &btree2[0];
                memmove(btree_d, btree_s, tmp);
                nodehdr2.count -= count;
        }

        /*
         * Log header of node 1 and all current bits of node 2.
         */
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_to_disk(node1, &nodehdr1);
        xfs_trans_log_buf(tp, blk1->bp,
                XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(node1, &node1->hdr, dp->d_ops->node_hdr_size));

        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_to_disk(node2, &nodehdr2);
        xfs_trans_log_buf(tp, blk2->bp,
                XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(node2, &node2->hdr,
                                dp->d_ops->node_hdr_size +
                                (sizeof(btree2[0]) * nodehdr2.count)));

        /*
         * Record the last hashval from each block for upward propagation.
         * (note: don't use the swapped node pointers)
         */
        if (swap) {
                node1 = blk1->bp->b_addr;
                node2 = blk2->bp->b_addr;
                dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr1, node1);
                dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr2, node2);
                btree1 = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node1);
                btree2 = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node2);
        }
        blk1->hashval = be32_to_cpu(btree1[nodehdr1.count - 1].hashval);
        blk2->hashval = be32_to_cpu(btree2[nodehdr2.count - 1].hashval);

        /*
         * Adjust the expected index for insertion.
         */
        if (blk1->index >= nodehdr1.count) {
                blk2->index = blk1->index - nodehdr1.count;
                blk1->index = nodehdr1.count + 1;       /* make it invalid */
        }
}

/*
 * Add a new entry to an intermediate node.
 */
STATIC void
xfs_da3_node_add(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *oldblk,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *newblk)
{
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *node;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr nodehdr;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree;
        int                     tmp;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp = state->args->dp;

        trace_xfs_da_node_add(state->args);

        node = oldblk->bp->b_addr;
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr, node);
        btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node);

        ASSERT(oldblk->index >= 0 && oldblk->index <= nodehdr.count);
        ASSERT(newblk->blkno != 0);
        if (state->args->whichfork == XFS_DATA_FORK)
                ASSERT(newblk->blkno >= state->args->geo->leafblk &&
                       newblk->blkno < state->args->geo->freeblk);

        /*
         * We may need to make some room before we insert the new node.
         */
        tmp = 0;
        if (oldblk->index < nodehdr.count) {
                tmp = (nodehdr.count - oldblk->index) * (uint)sizeof(*btree);
                memmove(&btree[oldblk->index + 1], &btree[oldblk->index], tmp);
        }
        btree[oldblk->index].hashval = cpu_to_be32(newblk->hashval);
        btree[oldblk->index].before = cpu_to_be32(newblk->blkno);
        xfs_trans_log_buf(state->args->trans, oldblk->bp,
                XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(node, &btree[oldblk->index],
                                tmp + sizeof(*btree)));

        nodehdr.count += 1;
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_to_disk(node, &nodehdr);
        xfs_trans_log_buf(state->args->trans, oldblk->bp,
                XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(node, &node->hdr, dp->d_ops->node_hdr_size));

        /*
         * Copy the last hash value from the oldblk to propagate upwards.
         */
        oldblk->hashval = be32_to_cpu(btree[nodehdr.count - 1].hashval);
}

/*========================================================================
 * Routines used for shrinking the Btree.
 *========================================================================*/

/*
 * Deallocate an empty leaf node, remove it from its parent,
 * possibly deallocating that block, etc...
 */
int
xfs_da3_join(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state)
{
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *drop_blk;
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *save_blk;
        int                     action = 0;
        int                     error;

        trace_xfs_da_join(state->args);

        drop_blk = &state->path.blk[ state->path.active-1 ];
        save_blk = &state->altpath.blk[ state->path.active-1 ];
        ASSERT(state->path.blk[0].magic == XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC);
        ASSERT(drop_blk->magic == XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC ||
               drop_blk->magic == XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC);

        /*
         * Walk back up the tree joining/deallocating as necessary.
         * When we stop dropping blocks, break out.
         */
        for (  ; state->path.active >= 2; drop_blk--, save_blk--,
                 state->path.active--) {
                /*
                 * See if we can combine the block with a neighbor.
                 *   (action == 0) => no options, just leave
                 *   (action == 1) => coalesce, then unlink
                 *   (action == 2) => block empty, unlink it
                 */
                switch (drop_blk->magic) {
                case XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC:
                        error = xfs_attr3_leaf_toosmall(state, &action);
                        if (error)
                                return error;
                        if (action == 0)
                                return 0;
                        xfs_attr3_leaf_unbalance(state, drop_blk, save_blk);
                        break;
                case XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC:
                        error = xfs_dir2_leafn_toosmall(state, &action);
                        if (error)
                                return error;
                        if (action == 0)
                                return 0;
                        xfs_dir2_leafn_unbalance(state, drop_blk, save_blk);
                        break;
                case XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC:
                        /*
                         * Remove the offending node, fixup hashvals,
                         * check for a toosmall neighbor.
                         */
                        xfs_da3_node_remove(state, drop_blk);
                        xfs_da3_fixhashpath(state, &state->path);
                        error = xfs_da3_node_toosmall(state, &action);
                        if (error)
                                return error;
                        if (action == 0)
                                return 0;
                        xfs_da3_node_unbalance(state, drop_blk, save_blk);
                        break;
                }
                xfs_da3_fixhashpath(state, &state->altpath);
                error = xfs_da3_blk_unlink(state, drop_blk, save_blk);
                xfs_da_state_kill_altpath(state);
                if (error)
                        return error;
                error = xfs_da_shrink_inode(state->args, drop_blk->blkno,
                                                         drop_blk->bp);
                drop_blk->bp = NULL;
                if (error)
                        return error;
        }
        /*
         * We joined all the way to the top.  If it turns out that
         * we only have one entry in the root, make the child block
         * the new root.
         */
        xfs_da3_node_remove(state, drop_blk);
        xfs_da3_fixhashpath(state, &state->path);
        error = xfs_da3_root_join(state, &state->path.blk[0]);
        return error;
}

#ifdef  DEBUG
static void
xfs_da_blkinfo_onlychild_validate(struct xfs_da_blkinfo *blkinfo, __u16 level)
{
        __be16  magic = blkinfo->magic;

        if (level == 1) {
                ASSERT(magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC) ||
                       magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DIR3_LEAFN_MAGIC) ||
                       magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC) ||
                       magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_ATTR3_LEAF_MAGIC));
        } else {
                ASSERT(magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC) ||
                       magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DA3_NODE_MAGIC));
        }
        ASSERT(!blkinfo->forw);
        ASSERT(!blkinfo->back);
}
#else   /* !DEBUG */
#define xfs_da_blkinfo_onlychild_validate(blkinfo, level)
#endif  /* !DEBUG */

/*
 * We have only one entry in the root.  Copy the only remaining child of
 * the old root to block 0 as the new root node.
 */
STATIC int
xfs_da3_root_join(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *root_blk)
{
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *oldroot;
        struct xfs_da_args      *args;
        xfs_dablk_t             child;
        struct xfs_buf          *bp;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr oldroothdr;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree;
        int                     error;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp = state->args->dp;

        trace_xfs_da_root_join(state->args);

        ASSERT(root_blk->magic == XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC);

        args = state->args;
        oldroot = root_blk->bp->b_addr;
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&oldroothdr, oldroot);
        ASSERT(oldroothdr.forw == 0);
        ASSERT(oldroothdr.back == 0);

        /*
         * If the root has more than one child, then don't do anything.
         */
        if (oldroothdr.count > 1)
                return 0;

        /*
         * Read in the (only) child block, then copy those bytes into
         * the root block's buffer and free the original child block.
         */
        btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(oldroot);
        child = be32_to_cpu(btree[0].before);
        ASSERT(child != 0);
        error = xfs_da3_node_read(args->trans, dp, child, -1, &bp,
                                             args->whichfork);
        if (error)
                return error;
        xfs_da_blkinfo_onlychild_validate(bp->b_addr, oldroothdr.level);

        /*
         * This could be copying a leaf back into the root block in the case of
         * there only being a single leaf block left in the tree. Hence we have
         * to update the b_ops pointer as well to match the buffer type change
         * that could occur. For dir3 blocks we also need to update the block
         * number in the buffer header.
         */
        memcpy(root_blk->bp->b_addr, bp->b_addr, args->geo->blksize);
        root_blk->bp->b_ops = bp->b_ops;
        xfs_trans_buf_copy_type(root_blk->bp, bp);
        if (oldroothdr.magic == XFS_DA3_NODE_MAGIC) {
                struct xfs_da3_blkinfo *da3 = root_blk->bp->b_addr;
                da3->blkno = cpu_to_be64(root_blk->bp->b_bn);
        }
        xfs_trans_log_buf(args->trans, root_blk->bp, 0,
                          args->geo->blksize - 1);
        error = xfs_da_shrink_inode(args, child, bp);
        return error;
}

/*
 * Check a node block and its neighbors to see if the block should be
 * collapsed into one or the other neighbor.  Always keep the block
 * with the smaller block number.
 * If the current block is over 50% full, don't try to join it, return 0.
 * If the block is empty, fill in the state structure and return 2.
 * If it can be collapsed, fill in the state structure and return 1.
 * If nothing can be done, return 0.
 */
STATIC int
xfs_da3_node_toosmall(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state,
        int                     *action)
{
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *node;
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *blk;
        struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *info;
        xfs_dablk_t             blkno;
        struct xfs_buf          *bp;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr nodehdr;
        int                     count;
        int                     forward;
        int                     error;
        int                     retval;
        int                     i;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp = state->args->dp;

        trace_xfs_da_node_toosmall(state->args);

        /*
         * Check for the degenerate case of the block being over 50% full.
         * If so, it's not worth even looking to see if we might be able
         * to coalesce with a sibling.
         */
        blk = &state->path.blk[ state->path.active-1 ];
        info = blk->bp->b_addr;
        node = (xfs_da_intnode_t *)info;
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr, node);
        if (nodehdr.count > (state->args->geo->node_ents >> 1)) {
                *action = 0;    /* blk over 50%, don't try to join */
                return 0;       /* blk over 50%, don't try to join */
        }

        /*
         * Check for the degenerate case of the block being empty.
         * If the block is empty, we'll simply delete it, no need to
         * coalesce it with a sibling block.  We choose (arbitrarily)
         * to merge with the forward block unless it is NULL.
         */
        if (nodehdr.count == 0) {
                /*
                 * Make altpath point to the block we want to keep and
                 * path point to the block we want to drop (this one).
                 */
                forward = (info->forw != 0);
                memcpy(&state->altpath, &state->path, sizeof(state->path));
                error = xfs_da3_path_shift(state, &state->altpath, forward,
                                                 0, &retval);
                if (error)
                        return error;
                if (retval) {
                        *action = 0;
                } else {
                        *action = 2;
                }
                return 0;
        }

        /*
         * Examine each sibling block to see if we can coalesce with
         * at least 25% free space to spare.  We need to figure out
         * whether to merge with the forward or the backward block.
         * We prefer coalescing with the lower numbered sibling so as
         * to shrink a directory over time.
         */
        count  = state->args->geo->node_ents;
        count -= state->args->geo->node_ents >> 2;
        count -= nodehdr.count;

        /* start with smaller blk num */
        forward = nodehdr.forw < nodehdr.back;
        for (i = 0; i < 2; forward = !forward, i++) {
                struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr thdr;
                if (forward)
                        blkno = nodehdr.forw;
                else
                        blkno = nodehdr.back;
                if (blkno == 0)
                        continue;
                error = xfs_da3_node_read(state->args->trans, dp,
                                        blkno, -1, &bp, state->args->whichfork);
                if (error)
                        return error;

                node = bp->b_addr;
                dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&thdr, node);
                xfs_trans_brelse(state->args->trans, bp);

                if (count - thdr.count >= 0)
                        break;  /* fits with at least 25% to spare */
        }
        if (i >= 2) {
                *action = 0;
                return 0;
        }

        /*
         * Make altpath point to the block we want to keep (the lower
         * numbered block) and path point to the block we want to drop.
         */
        memcpy(&state->altpath, &state->path, sizeof(state->path));
        if (blkno < blk->blkno) {
                error = xfs_da3_path_shift(state, &state->altpath, forward,
                                                 0, &retval);
        } else {
                error = xfs_da3_path_shift(state, &state->path, forward,
                                                 0, &retval);
        }
        if (error)
                return error;
        if (retval) {
                *action = 0;
                return 0;
        }
        *action = 1;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Pick up the last hashvalue from an intermediate node.
 */
STATIC uint
xfs_da3_node_lasthash(
        struct xfs_inode        *dp,
        struct xfs_buf          *bp,
        int                     *count)
{
        struct xfs_da_intnode    *node;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr nodehdr;

        node = bp->b_addr;
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr, node);
        if (count)
                *count = nodehdr.count;
        if (!nodehdr.count)
                return 0;
        btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node);
        return be32_to_cpu(btree[nodehdr.count - 1].hashval);
}

/*
 * Walk back up the tree adjusting hash values as necessary,
 * when we stop making changes, return.
 */
void
xfs_da3_fixhashpath(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state,
        struct xfs_da_state_path *path)
{
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *blk;
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *node;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree;
        xfs_dahash_t            lasthash=0;
        int                     level;
        int                     count;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp = state->args->dp;

        trace_xfs_da_fixhashpath(state->args);

        level = path->active-1;
        blk = &path->blk[ level ];
        switch (blk->magic) {
        case XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC:
                lasthash = xfs_attr_leaf_lasthash(blk->bp, &count);
                if (count == 0)
                        return;
                break;
        case XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC:
                lasthash = xfs_dir2_leaf_lasthash(dp, blk->bp, &count);
                if (count == 0)
                        return;
                break;
        case XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC:
                lasthash = xfs_da3_node_lasthash(dp, blk->bp, &count);
                if (count == 0)
                        return;
                break;
        }
        for (blk--, level--; level >= 0; blk--, level--) {
                struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr nodehdr;

                node = blk->bp->b_addr;
                dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr, node);
                btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node);
                if (be32_to_cpu(btree[blk->index].hashval) == lasthash)
                        break;
                blk->hashval = lasthash;
                btree[blk->index].hashval = cpu_to_be32(lasthash);
                xfs_trans_log_buf(state->args->trans, blk->bp,
                                  XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(node, &btree[blk->index],
                                                  sizeof(*btree)));

                lasthash = be32_to_cpu(btree[nodehdr.count - 1].hashval);
        }
}

/*
 * Remove an entry from an intermediate node.
 */
STATIC void
xfs_da3_node_remove(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *drop_blk)
{
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *node;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr nodehdr;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree;
        int                     index;
        int                     tmp;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp = state->args->dp;

        trace_xfs_da_node_remove(state->args);

        node = drop_blk->bp->b_addr;
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr, node);
        ASSERT(drop_blk->index < nodehdr.count);
        ASSERT(drop_blk->index >= 0);

        /*
         * Copy over the offending entry, or just zero it out.
         */
        index = drop_blk->index;
        btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node);
        if (index < nodehdr.count - 1) {
                tmp  = nodehdr.count - index - 1;
                tmp *= (uint)sizeof(xfs_da_node_entry_t);
                memmove(&btree[index], &btree[index + 1], tmp);
                xfs_trans_log_buf(state->args->trans, drop_blk->bp,
                    XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(node, &btree[index], tmp));
                index = nodehdr.count - 1;
        }
        memset(&btree[index], 0, sizeof(xfs_da_node_entry_t));
        xfs_trans_log_buf(state->args->trans, drop_blk->bp,
            XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(node, &btree[index], sizeof(btree[index])));
        nodehdr.count -= 1;
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_to_disk(node, &nodehdr);
        xfs_trans_log_buf(state->args->trans, drop_blk->bp,
            XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(node, &node->hdr, dp->d_ops->node_hdr_size));

        /*
         * Copy the last hash value from the block to propagate upwards.
         */
        drop_blk->hashval = be32_to_cpu(btree[index - 1].hashval);
}

/*
 * Unbalance the elements between two intermediate nodes,
 * move all Btree elements from one node into another.
 */
STATIC void
xfs_da3_node_unbalance(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *drop_blk,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *save_blk)
{
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *drop_node;
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *save_node;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *drop_btree;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *save_btree;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr drop_hdr;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr save_hdr;
        struct xfs_trans        *tp;
        int                     sindex;
        int                     tmp;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp = state->args->dp;

        trace_xfs_da_node_unbalance(state->args);

        drop_node = drop_blk->bp->b_addr;
        save_node = save_blk->bp->b_addr;
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&drop_hdr, drop_node);
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&save_hdr, save_node);
        drop_btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(drop_node);
        save_btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(save_node);
        tp = state->args->trans;

        /*
         * If the dying block has lower hashvals, then move all the
         * elements in the remaining block up to make a hole.
         */
        if ((be32_to_cpu(drop_btree[0].hashval) <
                        be32_to_cpu(save_btree[0].hashval)) ||
            (be32_to_cpu(drop_btree[drop_hdr.count - 1].hashval) <
                        be32_to_cpu(save_btree[save_hdr.count - 1].hashval))) {
                /* XXX: check this - is memmove dst correct? */
                tmp = save_hdr.count * sizeof(xfs_da_node_entry_t);
                memmove(&save_btree[drop_hdr.count], &save_btree[0], tmp);

                sindex = 0;
                xfs_trans_log_buf(tp, save_blk->bp,
                        XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(save_node, &save_btree[0],
                                (save_hdr.count + drop_hdr.count) *
                                                sizeof(xfs_da_node_entry_t)));
        } else {
                sindex = save_hdr.count;
                xfs_trans_log_buf(tp, save_blk->bp,
                        XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(save_node, &save_btree[sindex],
                                drop_hdr.count * sizeof(xfs_da_node_entry_t)));
        }

        /*
         * Move all the B-tree elements from drop_blk to save_blk.
         */
        tmp = drop_hdr.count * (uint)sizeof(xfs_da_node_entry_t);
        memcpy(&save_btree[sindex], &drop_btree[0], tmp);
        save_hdr.count += drop_hdr.count;

        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_to_disk(save_node, &save_hdr);
        xfs_trans_log_buf(tp, save_blk->bp,
                XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(save_node, &save_node->hdr,
                                dp->d_ops->node_hdr_size));

        /*
         * Save the last hashval in the remaining block for upward propagation.
         */
        save_blk->hashval = be32_to_cpu(save_btree[save_hdr.count - 1].hashval);
}

/*========================================================================
 * Routines used for finding things in the Btree.
 *========================================================================*/

/*
 * Walk down the Btree looking for a particular filename, filling
 * in the state structure as we go.
 *
 * We will set the state structure to point to each of the elements
 * in each of the nodes where either the hashval is or should be.
 *
 * We support duplicate hashval's so for each entry in the current
 * node that could contain the desired hashval, descend.  This is a
 * pruned depth-first tree search.
 */
int                                                     /* error */
xfs_da3_node_lookup_int(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state,
        int                     *result)
{
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *blk;
        struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *curr;
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *node;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr nodehdr;
        struct xfs_da_args      *args;
        xfs_dablk_t             blkno;
        xfs_dahash_t            hashval;
        xfs_dahash_t            btreehashval;
        int                     probe;
        int                     span;
        int                     max;
        int                     error;
        int                     retval;
        unsigned int            expected_level = 0;
        uint16_t                magic;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp = state->args->dp;

        args = state->args;

        /*
         * Descend thru the B-tree searching each level for the right
         * node to use, until the right hashval is found.
         */
        blkno = args->geo->leafblk;
        for (blk = &state->path.blk[0], state->path.active = 1;
                         state->path.active <= XFS_DA_NODE_MAXDEPTH;
                         blk++, state->path.active++) {
                /*
                 * Read the next node down in the tree.
                 */
                blk->blkno = blkno;
                error = xfs_da3_node_read(args->trans, args->dp, blkno,
                                        -1, &blk->bp, args->whichfork);
                if (error) {
                        blk->blkno = 0;
                        state->path.active--;
                        return error;
                }
                curr = blk->bp->b_addr;
                magic = be16_to_cpu(curr->magic);

                if (magic == XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC ||
                    magic == XFS_ATTR3_LEAF_MAGIC) {
                        blk->magic = XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC;
                        blk->hashval = xfs_attr_leaf_lasthash(blk->bp, NULL);
                        break;
                }

                if (magic == XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC ||
                    magic == XFS_DIR3_LEAFN_MAGIC) {
                        blk->magic = XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC;
                        blk->hashval = xfs_dir2_leaf_lasthash(args->dp,
                                                              blk->bp, NULL);
                        break;
                }

                if (magic != XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC && magic != XFS_DA3_NODE_MAGIC)
                        return -EFSCORRUPTED;

                blk->magic = XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC;

                /*
                 * Search an intermediate node for a match.
                 */
                node = blk->bp->b_addr;
                dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr, node);
                btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node);

                /* Tree taller than we can handle; bail out! */
                if (nodehdr.level >= XFS_DA_NODE_MAXDEPTH)
                        return -EFSCORRUPTED;

                /* Check the level from the root. */
                if (blkno == args->geo->leafblk)
                        expected_level = nodehdr.level - 1;
                else if (expected_level != nodehdr.level)
                        return -EFSCORRUPTED;
                else
                        expected_level--;

                max = nodehdr.count;
                blk->hashval = be32_to_cpu(btree[max - 1].hashval);

                /*
                 * Binary search.  (note: small blocks will skip loop)
                 */
                probe = span = max / 2;
                hashval = args->hashval;
                while (span > 4) {
                        span /= 2;
                        btreehashval = be32_to_cpu(btree[probe].hashval);
                        if (btreehashval < hashval)
                                probe += span;
                        else if (btreehashval > hashval)
                                probe -= span;
                        else
                                break;
                }
                ASSERT((probe >= 0) && (probe < max));
                ASSERT((span <= 4) ||
                        (be32_to_cpu(btree[probe].hashval) == hashval));

                /*
                 * Since we may have duplicate hashval's, find the first
                 * matching hashval in the node.
                 */
                while (probe > 0 &&
                       be32_to_cpu(btree[probe].hashval) >= hashval) {
                        probe--;
                }
                while (probe < max &&
                       be32_to_cpu(btree[probe].hashval) < hashval) {
                        probe++;
                }

                /*
                 * Pick the right block to descend on.
                 */
                if (probe == max) {
                        blk->index = max - 1;
                        blkno = be32_to_cpu(btree[max - 1].before);
                } else {
                        blk->index = probe;
                        blkno = be32_to_cpu(btree[probe].before);
                }

                /* We can't point back to the root. */
                if (blkno == args->geo->leafblk)
                        return -EFSCORRUPTED;
        }

        if (expected_level != 0)
                return -EFSCORRUPTED;

        /*
         * A leaf block that ends in the hashval that we are interested in
         * (final hashval == search hashval) means that the next block may
         * contain more entries with the same hashval, shift upward to the
         * next leaf and keep searching.
         */
        for (;;) {
                if (blk->magic == XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC) {
                        retval = xfs_dir2_leafn_lookup_int(blk->bp, args,
                                                        &blk->index, state);
                } else if (blk->magic == XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC) {
                        retval = xfs_attr3_leaf_lookup_int(blk->bp, args);
                        blk->index = args->index;
                        args->blkno = blk->blkno;
                } else {
                        ASSERT(0);
                        return -EFSCORRUPTED;
                }
                if (((retval == -ENOENT) || (retval == -ENOATTR)) &&
                    (blk->hashval == args->hashval)) {
                        error = xfs_da3_path_shift(state, &state->path, 1, 1,
                                                         &retval);
                        if (error)
                                return error;
                        if (retval == 0) {
                                continue;
                        } else if (blk->magic == XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC) {
                                /* path_shift() gives ENOENT */
                                retval = -ENOATTR;
                        }
                }
                break;
        }
        *result = retval;
        return 0;
}

/*========================================================================
 * Utility routines.
 *========================================================================*/

/*
 * Compare two intermediate nodes for "order".
 */
STATIC int
xfs_da3_node_order(
        struct xfs_inode *dp,
        struct xfs_buf  *node1_bp,
        struct xfs_buf  *node2_bp)
{
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *node1;
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *node2;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree1;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree2;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr node1hdr;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr node2hdr;

        node1 = node1_bp->b_addr;
        node2 = node2_bp->b_addr;
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&node1hdr, node1);
        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&node2hdr, node2);
        btree1 = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node1);
        btree2 = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node2);

        if (node1hdr.count > 0 && node2hdr.count > 0 &&
            ((be32_to_cpu(btree2[0].hashval) < be32_to_cpu(btree1[0].hashval)) ||
             (be32_to_cpu(btree2[node2hdr.count - 1].hashval) <
              be32_to_cpu(btree1[node1hdr.count - 1].hashval)))) {
                return 1;
        }
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Link a new block into a doubly linked list of blocks (of whatever type).
 */
int                                                     /* error */
xfs_da3_blk_link(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *old_blk,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *new_blk)
{
        struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *old_info;
        struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *new_info;
        struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *tmp_info;
        struct xfs_da_args      *args;
        struct xfs_buf          *bp;
        int                     before = 0;
        int                     error;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp = state->args->dp;

        /*
         * Set up environment.
         */
        args = state->args;
        ASSERT(args != NULL);
        old_info = old_blk->bp->b_addr;
        new_info = new_blk->bp->b_addr;
        ASSERT(old_blk->magic == XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC ||
               old_blk->magic == XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC ||
               old_blk->magic == XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC);

        switch (old_blk->magic) {
        case XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC:
                before = xfs_attr_leaf_order(old_blk->bp, new_blk->bp);
                break;
        case XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC:
                before = xfs_dir2_leafn_order(dp, old_blk->bp, new_blk->bp);
                break;
        case XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC:
                before = xfs_da3_node_order(dp, old_blk->bp, new_blk->bp);
                break;
        }

        /*
         * Link blocks in appropriate order.
         */
        if (before) {
                /*
                 * Link new block in before existing block.
                 */
                trace_xfs_da_link_before(args);
                new_info->forw = cpu_to_be32(old_blk->blkno);
                new_info->back = old_info->back;
                if (old_info->back) {
                        error = xfs_da3_node_read(args->trans, dp,
                                                be32_to_cpu(old_info->back),
                                                -1, &bp, args->whichfork);
                        if (error)
                                return error;
                        ASSERT(bp != NULL);
                        tmp_info = bp->b_addr;
                        ASSERT(tmp_info->magic == old_info->magic);
                        ASSERT(be32_to_cpu(tmp_info->forw) == old_blk->blkno);
                        tmp_info->forw = cpu_to_be32(new_blk->blkno);
                        xfs_trans_log_buf(args->trans, bp, 0, sizeof(*tmp_info)-1);
                }
                old_info->back = cpu_to_be32(new_blk->blkno);
        } else {
                /*
                 * Link new block in after existing block.
                 */
                trace_xfs_da_link_after(args);
                new_info->forw = old_info->forw;
                new_info->back = cpu_to_be32(old_blk->blkno);
                if (old_info->forw) {
                        error = xfs_da3_node_read(args->trans, dp,
                                                be32_to_cpu(old_info->forw),
                                                -1, &bp, args->whichfork);
                        if (error)
                                return error;
                        ASSERT(bp != NULL);
                        tmp_info = bp->b_addr;
                        ASSERT(tmp_info->magic == old_info->magic);
                        ASSERT(be32_to_cpu(tmp_info->back) == old_blk->blkno);
                        tmp_info->back = cpu_to_be32(new_blk->blkno);
                        xfs_trans_log_buf(args->trans, bp, 0, sizeof(*tmp_info)-1);
                }
                old_info->forw = cpu_to_be32(new_blk->blkno);
        }

        xfs_trans_log_buf(args->trans, old_blk->bp, 0, sizeof(*tmp_info) - 1);
        xfs_trans_log_buf(args->trans, new_blk->bp, 0, sizeof(*tmp_info) - 1);
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Unlink a block from a doubly linked list of blocks.
 */
STATIC int                                              /* error */
xfs_da3_blk_unlink(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *drop_blk,
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *save_blk)
{
        struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *drop_info;
        struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *save_info;
        struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *tmp_info;
        struct xfs_da_args      *args;
        struct xfs_buf          *bp;
        int                     error;

        /*
         * Set up environment.
         */
        args = state->args;
        ASSERT(args != NULL);
        save_info = save_blk->bp->b_addr;
        drop_info = drop_blk->bp->b_addr;
        ASSERT(save_blk->magic == XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC ||
               save_blk->magic == XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC ||
               save_blk->magic == XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC);
        ASSERT(save_blk->magic == drop_blk->magic);
        ASSERT((be32_to_cpu(save_info->forw) == drop_blk->blkno) ||
               (be32_to_cpu(save_info->back) == drop_blk->blkno));
        ASSERT((be32_to_cpu(drop_info->forw) == save_blk->blkno) ||
               (be32_to_cpu(drop_info->back) == save_blk->blkno));

        /*
         * Unlink the leaf block from the doubly linked chain of leaves.
         */
        if (be32_to_cpu(save_info->back) == drop_blk->blkno) {
                trace_xfs_da_unlink_back(args);
                save_info->back = drop_info->back;
                if (drop_info->back) {
                        error = xfs_da3_node_read(args->trans, args->dp,
                                                be32_to_cpu(drop_info->back),
                                                -1, &bp, args->whichfork);
                        if (error)
                                return error;
                        ASSERT(bp != NULL);
                        tmp_info = bp->b_addr;
                        ASSERT(tmp_info->magic == save_info->magic);
                        ASSERT(be32_to_cpu(tmp_info->forw) == drop_blk->blkno);
                        tmp_info->forw = cpu_to_be32(save_blk->blkno);
                        xfs_trans_log_buf(args->trans, bp, 0,
                                                    sizeof(*tmp_info) - 1);
                }
        } else {
                trace_xfs_da_unlink_forward(args);
                save_info->forw = drop_info->forw;
                if (drop_info->forw) {
                        error = xfs_da3_node_read(args->trans, args->dp,
                                                be32_to_cpu(drop_info->forw),
                                                -1, &bp, args->whichfork);
                        if (error)
                                return error;
                        ASSERT(bp != NULL);
                        tmp_info = bp->b_addr;
                        ASSERT(tmp_info->magic == save_info->magic);
                        ASSERT(be32_to_cpu(tmp_info->back) == drop_blk->blkno);
                        tmp_info->back = cpu_to_be32(save_blk->blkno);
                        xfs_trans_log_buf(args->trans, bp, 0,
                                                    sizeof(*tmp_info) - 1);
                }
        }

        xfs_trans_log_buf(args->trans, save_blk->bp, 0, sizeof(*save_info) - 1);
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Move a path "forward" or "!forward" one block at the current level.
 *
 * This routine will adjust a "path" to point to the next block
 * "forward" (higher hashvalues) or "!forward" (lower hashvals) in the
 * Btree, including updating pointers to the intermediate nodes between
 * the new bottom and the root.
 */
int                                                     /* error */
xfs_da3_path_shift(
        struct xfs_da_state     *state,
        struct xfs_da_state_path *path,
        int                     forward,
        int                     release,
        int                     *result)
{
        struct xfs_da_state_blk *blk;
        struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *info;
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *node;
        struct xfs_da_args      *args;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr nodehdr;
        struct xfs_buf          *bp;
        xfs_dablk_t             blkno = 0;
        int                     level;
        int                     error;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp = state->args->dp;

        trace_xfs_da_path_shift(state->args);

        /*
         * Roll up the Btree looking for the first block where our
         * current index is not at the edge of the block.  Note that
         * we skip the bottom layer because we want the sibling block.
         */
        args = state->args;
        ASSERT(args != NULL);
        ASSERT(path != NULL);
        ASSERT((path->active > 0) && (path->active < XFS_DA_NODE_MAXDEPTH));
        level = (path->active-1) - 1;   /* skip bottom layer in path */
        for (blk = &path->blk[level]; level >= 0; blk--, level--) {
                node = blk->bp->b_addr;
                dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr, node);
                btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node);

                if (forward && (blk->index < nodehdr.count - 1)) {
                        blk->index++;
                        blkno = be32_to_cpu(btree[blk->index].before);
                        break;
                } else if (!forward && (blk->index > 0)) {
                        blk->index--;
                        blkno = be32_to_cpu(btree[blk->index].before);
                        break;
                }
        }
        if (level < 0) {
                *result = -ENOENT;      /* we're out of our tree */
                ASSERT(args->op_flags & XFS_DA_OP_OKNOENT);
                return 0;
        }

        /*
         * Roll down the edge of the subtree until we reach the
         * same depth we were at originally.
         */
        for (blk++, level++; level < path->active; blk++, level++) {
                /*
                 * Read the next child block into a local buffer.
                 */
                error = xfs_da3_node_read(args->trans, dp, blkno, -1, &bp,
                                          args->whichfork);
                if (error)
                        return error;

                /*
                 * Release the old block (if it's dirty, the trans doesn't
                 * actually let go) and swap the local buffer into the path
                 * structure. This ensures failure of the above read doesn't set
                 * a NULL buffer in an active slot in the path.
                 */
                if (release)
                        xfs_trans_brelse(args->trans, blk->bp);
                blk->blkno = blkno;
                blk->bp = bp;

                info = blk->bp->b_addr;
                ASSERT(info->magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC) ||
                       info->magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DA3_NODE_MAGIC) ||
                       info->magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC) ||
                       info->magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DIR3_LEAFN_MAGIC) ||
                       info->magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC) ||
                       info->magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_ATTR3_LEAF_MAGIC));


                /*
                 * Note: we flatten the magic number to a single type so we
                 * don't have to compare against crc/non-crc types elsewhere.
                 */
                switch (be16_to_cpu(info->magic)) {
                case XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC:
                case XFS_DA3_NODE_MAGIC:
                        blk->magic = XFS_DA_NODE_MAGIC;
                        node = (xfs_da_intnode_t *)info;
                        dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&nodehdr, node);
                        btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(node);
                        blk->hashval = be32_to_cpu(btree[nodehdr.count - 1].hashval);
                        if (forward)
                                blk->index = 0;
                        else
                                blk->index = nodehdr.count - 1;
                        blkno = be32_to_cpu(btree[blk->index].before);
                        break;
                case XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC:
                case XFS_ATTR3_LEAF_MAGIC:
                        blk->magic = XFS_ATTR_LEAF_MAGIC;
                        ASSERT(level == path->active-1);
                        blk->index = 0;
                        blk->hashval = xfs_attr_leaf_lasthash(blk->bp, NULL);
                        break;
                case XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC:
                case XFS_DIR3_LEAFN_MAGIC:
                        blk->magic = XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC;
                        ASSERT(level == path->active-1);
                        blk->index = 0;
                        blk->hashval = xfs_dir2_leaf_lasthash(args->dp,
                                                              blk->bp, NULL);
                        break;
                default:
                        ASSERT(0);
                        break;
                }
        }
        *result = 0;
        return 0;
}


/*========================================================================
 * Utility routines.
 *========================================================================*/

/*
 * Implement a simple hash on a character string.
 * Rotate the hash value by 7 bits, then XOR each character in.
 * This is implemented with some source-level loop unrolling.
 */
xfs_dahash_t
xfs_da_hashname(const uint8_t *name, int namelen)
{
        xfs_dahash_t hash;

        /*
         * Do four characters at a time as long as we can.
         */
        for (hash = 0; namelen >= 4; namelen -= 4, name += 4)
                hash = (name[0] << 21) ^ (name[1] << 14) ^ (name[2] << 7) ^
                       (name[3] << 0) ^ rol32(hash, 7 * 4);

        /*
         * Now do the rest of the characters.
         */
        switch (namelen) {
        case 3:
                return (name[0] << 14) ^ (name[1] << 7) ^ (name[2] << 0) ^
                       rol32(hash, 7 * 3);
        case 2:
                return (name[0] << 7) ^ (name[1] << 0) ^ rol32(hash, 7 * 2);
        case 1:
                return (name[0] << 0) ^ rol32(hash, 7 * 1);
        default: /* case 0: */
                return hash;
        }
}

enum xfs_dacmp
xfs_da_compname(
        struct xfs_da_args *args,
        const unsigned char *name,
        int             len)
{
        return (args->namelen == len && memcmp(args->name, name, len) == 0) ?
                                        XFS_CMP_EXACT : XFS_CMP_DIFFERENT;
}

static xfs_dahash_t
xfs_default_hashname(
        struct xfs_name *name)
{
        return xfs_da_hashname(name->name, name->len);
}

const struct xfs_nameops xfs_default_nameops = {
        .hashname       = xfs_default_hashname,
        .compname       = xfs_da_compname
};

int
xfs_da_grow_inode_int(
        struct xfs_da_args      *args,
        xfs_fileoff_t           *bno,
        int                     count)
{
        struct xfs_trans        *tp = args->trans;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp = args->dp;
        int                     w = args->whichfork;
        xfs_rfsblock_t          nblks = dp->i_d.di_nblocks;
        struct xfs_bmbt_irec    map, *mapp;
        int                     nmap, error, got, i, mapi;

        /*
         * Find a spot in the file space to put the new block.
         */
        error = xfs_bmap_first_unused(tp, dp, count, bno, w);
        if (error)
                return error;

        /*
         * Try mapping it in one filesystem block.
         */
        nmap = 1;
        error = xfs_bmapi_write(tp, dp, *bno, count,
                        xfs_bmapi_aflag(w)|XFS_BMAPI_METADATA|XFS_BMAPI_CONTIG,
                        args->total, &map, &nmap);
        if (error)
                return error;

        ASSERT(nmap <= 1);
        if (nmap == 1) {
                mapp = &map;
                mapi = 1;
        } else if (nmap == 0 && count > 1) {
                xfs_fileoff_t           b;
                int                     c;

                /*
                 * If we didn't get it and the block might work if fragmented,
                 * try without the CONTIG flag.  Loop until we get it all.
                 */
                mapp = kmem_alloc(sizeof(*mapp) * count, KM_SLEEP);
                for (b = *bno, mapi = 0; b < *bno + count; ) {
                        nmap = min(XFS_BMAP_MAX_NMAP, count);
                        c = (int)(*bno + count - b);
                        error = xfs_bmapi_write(tp, dp, b, c,
                                        xfs_bmapi_aflag(w)|XFS_BMAPI_METADATA,
                                        args->total, &mapp[mapi], &nmap);
                        if (error)
                                goto out_free_map;
                        if (nmap < 1)
                                break;
                        mapi += nmap;
                        b = mapp[mapi - 1].br_startoff +
                            mapp[mapi - 1].br_blockcount;
                }
        } else {
                mapi = 0;
                mapp = NULL;
        }

        /*
         * Count the blocks we got, make sure it matches the total.
         */
        for (i = 0, got = 0; i < mapi; i++)
                got += mapp[i].br_blockcount;
        if (got != count || mapp[0].br_startoff != *bno ||
            mapp[mapi - 1].br_startoff + mapp[mapi - 1].br_blockcount !=
            *bno + count) {
                error = -ENOSPC;
                goto out_free_map;
        }

        /* account for newly allocated blocks in reserved blocks total */
        args->total -= dp->i_d.di_nblocks - nblks;

out_free_map:
        if (mapp != &map)
                kmem_free(mapp);
        return error;
}

/*
 * Add a block to the btree ahead of the file.
 * Return the new block number to the caller.
 */
int
xfs_da_grow_inode(
        struct xfs_da_args      *args,
        xfs_dablk_t             *new_blkno)
{
        xfs_fileoff_t           bno;
        int                     error;

        trace_xfs_da_grow_inode(args);

        bno = args->geo->leafblk;
        error = xfs_da_grow_inode_int(args, &bno, args->geo->fsbcount);
        if (!error)
                *new_blkno = (xfs_dablk_t)bno;
        return error;
}

/*
 * Ick.  We need to always be able to remove a btree block, even
 * if there's no space reservation because the filesystem is full.
 * This is called if xfs_bunmapi on a btree block fails due to ENOSPC.
 * It swaps the target block with the last block in the file.  The
 * last block in the file can always be removed since it can't cause
 * a bmap btree split to do that.
 */
STATIC int
xfs_da3_swap_lastblock(
        struct xfs_da_args      *args,
        xfs_dablk_t             *dead_blknop,
        struct xfs_buf          **dead_bufp)
{
        struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *dead_info;
        struct xfs_da_blkinfo   *sib_info;
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *par_node;
        struct xfs_da_intnode   *dead_node;
        struct xfs_dir2_leaf    *dead_leaf2;
        struct xfs_da_node_entry *btree;
        struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr par_hdr;
        struct xfs_inode        *dp;
        struct xfs_trans        *tp;
        struct xfs_mount        *mp;
        struct xfs_buf          *dead_buf;
        struct xfs_buf          *last_buf;
        struct xfs_buf          *sib_buf;
        struct xfs_buf          *par_buf;
        xfs_dahash_t            dead_hash;
        xfs_fileoff_t           lastoff;
        xfs_dablk_t             dead_blkno;
        xfs_dablk_t             last_blkno;
        xfs_dablk_t             sib_blkno;
        xfs_dablk_t             par_blkno;
        int                     error;
        int                     w;
        int                     entno;
        int                     level;
        int                     dead_level;

        trace_xfs_da_swap_lastblock(args);

        dead_buf = *dead_bufp;
        dead_blkno = *dead_blknop;
        tp = args->trans;
        dp = args->dp;
        w = args->whichfork;
        ASSERT(w == XFS_DATA_FORK);
        mp = dp->i_mount;
        lastoff = args->geo->freeblk;
        error = xfs_bmap_last_before(tp, dp, &lastoff, w);
        if (error)
                return error;
        if (unlikely(lastoff == 0)) {
                XFS_ERROR_REPORT("xfs_da_swap_lastblock(1)", XFS_ERRLEVEL_LOW,
                                 mp);
                return -EFSCORRUPTED;
        }
        /*
         * Read the last block in the btree space.
         */
        last_blkno = (xfs_dablk_t)lastoff - args->geo->fsbcount;
        error = xfs_da3_node_read(tp, dp, last_blkno, -1, &last_buf, w);
        if (error)
                return error;
        /*
         * Copy the last block into the dead buffer and log it.
         */
        memcpy(dead_buf->b_addr, last_buf->b_addr, args->geo->blksize);
        xfs_trans_log_buf(tp, dead_buf, 0, args->geo->blksize - 1);
        dead_info = dead_buf->b_addr;
        /*
         * Get values from the moved block.
         */
        if (dead_info->magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DIR2_LEAFN_MAGIC) ||
            dead_info->magic == cpu_to_be16(XFS_DIR3_LEAFN_MAGIC)) {
                struct xfs_dir3_icleaf_hdr leafhdr;
                struct xfs_dir2_leaf_entry *ents;

                dead_leaf2 = (xfs_dir2_leaf_t *)dead_info;
                dp->d_ops->leaf_hdr_from_disk(&leafhdr, dead_leaf2);
                ents = dp->d_ops->leaf_ents_p(dead_leaf2);
                dead_level = 0;
                dead_hash = be32_to_cpu(ents[leafhdr.count - 1].hashval);
        } else {
                struct xfs_da3_icnode_hdr deadhdr;

                dead_node = (xfs_da_intnode_t *)dead_info;
                dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&deadhdr, dead_node);
                btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(dead_node);
                dead_level = deadhdr.level;
                dead_hash = be32_to_cpu(btree[deadhdr.count - 1].hashval);
        }
        sib_buf = par_buf = NULL;
        /*
         * If the moved block has a left sibling, fix up the pointers.
         */
        if ((sib_blkno = be32_to_cpu(dead_info->back))) {
                error = xfs_da3_node_read(tp, dp, sib_blkno, -1, &sib_buf, w);
                if (error)
                        goto done;
                sib_info = sib_buf->b_addr;
                if (unlikely(
                    be32_to_cpu(sib_info->forw) != last_blkno ||
                    sib_info->magic != dead_info->magic)) {
                        XFS_ERROR_REPORT("xfs_da_swap_lastblock(2)",
                                         XFS_ERRLEVEL_LOW, mp);
                        error = -EFSCORRUPTED;
                        goto done;
                }
                sib_info->forw = cpu_to_be32(dead_blkno);
                xfs_trans_log_buf(tp, sib_buf,
                        XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(sib_info, &sib_info->forw,
                                        sizeof(sib_info->forw)));
                sib_buf = NULL;
        }
        /*
         * If the moved block has a right sibling, fix up the pointers.
         */
        if ((sib_blkno = be32_to_cpu(dead_info->forw))) {
                error = xfs_da3_node_read(tp, dp, sib_blkno, -1, &sib_buf, w);
                if (error)
                        goto done;
                sib_info = sib_buf->b_addr;
                if (unlikely(
                       be32_to_cpu(sib_info->back) != last_blkno ||
                       sib_info->magic != dead_info->magic)) {
                        XFS_ERROR_REPORT("xfs_da_swap_lastblock(3)",
                                         XFS_ERRLEVEL_LOW, mp);
                        error = -EFSCORRUPTED;
                        goto done;
                }
                sib_info->back = cpu_to_be32(dead_blkno);
                xfs_trans_log_buf(tp, sib_buf,
                        XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(sib_info, &sib_info->back,
                                        sizeof(sib_info->back)));
                sib_buf = NULL;
        }
        par_blkno = args->geo->leafblk;
        level = -1;
        /*
         * Walk down the tree looking for the parent of the moved block.
         */
        for (;;) {
                error = xfs_da3_node_read(tp, dp, par_blkno, -1, &par_buf, w);
                if (error)
                        goto done;
                par_node = par_buf->b_addr;
                dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&par_hdr, par_node);
                if (level >= 0 && level != par_hdr.level + 1) {
                        XFS_ERROR_REPORT("xfs_da_swap_lastblock(4)",
                                         XFS_ERRLEVEL_LOW, mp);
                        error = -EFSCORRUPTED;
                        goto done;
                }
                level = par_hdr.level;
                btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(par_node);
                for (entno = 0;
                     entno < par_hdr.count &&
                     be32_to_cpu(btree[entno].hashval) < dead_hash;
                     entno++)
                        continue;
                if (entno == par_hdr.count) {
                        XFS_ERROR_REPORT("xfs_da_swap_lastblock(5)",
                                         XFS_ERRLEVEL_LOW, mp);
                        error = -EFSCORRUPTED;
                        goto done;
                }
                par_blkno = be32_to_cpu(btree[entno].before);
                if (level == dead_level + 1)
                        break;
                xfs_trans_brelse(tp, par_buf);
                par_buf = NULL;
        }
        /*
         * We're in the right parent block.
         * Look for the right entry.
         */
        for (;;) {
                for (;
                     entno < par_hdr.count &&
                     be32_to_cpu(btree[entno].before) != last_blkno;
                     entno++)
                        continue;
                if (entno < par_hdr.count)
                        break;
                par_blkno = par_hdr.forw;
                xfs_trans_brelse(tp, par_buf);
                par_buf = NULL;
                if (unlikely(par_blkno == 0)) {
                        XFS_ERROR_REPORT("xfs_da_swap_lastblock(6)",
                                         XFS_ERRLEVEL_LOW, mp);
                        error = -EFSCORRUPTED;
                        goto done;
                }
                error = xfs_da3_node_read(tp, dp, par_blkno, -1, &par_buf, w);
                if (error)
                        goto done;
                par_node = par_buf->b_addr;
                dp->d_ops->node_hdr_from_disk(&par_hdr, par_node);
                if (par_hdr.level != level) {
                        XFS_ERROR_REPORT("xfs_da_swap_lastblock(7)",
                                         XFS_ERRLEVEL_LOW, mp);
                        error = -EFSCORRUPTED;
                        goto done;
                }
                btree = dp->d_ops->node_tree_p(par_node);
                entno = 0;
        }
        /*
         * Update the parent entry pointing to the moved block.
         */
        btree[entno].before = cpu_to_be32(dead_blkno);
        xfs_trans_log_buf(tp, par_buf,
                XFS_DA_LOGRANGE(par_node, &btree[entno].before,
                                sizeof(btree[entno].before)));
        *dead_blknop = last_blkno;
        *dead_bufp = last_buf;
        return 0;
done:
        if (par_buf)
                xfs_trans_brelse(tp, par_buf);
        if (sib_buf)
                xfs_trans_brelse(tp, sib_buf);
        xfs_trans_brelse(tp, last_buf);
        return error;
}

/*
 * Remove a btree block from a directory or attribute.
 */
int
xfs_da_shrink_inode(
        struct xfs_da_args      *args,
        xfs_dablk_t             dead_blkno,
        struct xfs_buf          *dead_buf)
{
        struct xfs_inode        *dp;
        int                     done, error, w, count;
        struct xfs_trans        *tp;

        trace_xfs_da_shrink_inode(args);

        dp = args->dp;
        w = args->whichfork;
        tp = args->trans;
        count = args->geo->fsbcount;
        for (;;) {
                /*
                 * Remove extents.  If we get ENOSPC for a dir we have to move
                 * the last block to the place we want to kill.
                 */
                error = xfs_bunmapi(tp, dp, dead_blkno, count,
                                    xfs_bmapi_aflag(w), 0, &done);
                if (error == -ENOSPC) {
                        if (w != XFS_DATA_FORK)
                                break;
                        error = xfs_da3_swap_lastblock(args, &dead_blkno,
                                                      &dead_buf);
                        if (error)
                                break;
                } else {
                        break;
                }
        }
        xfs_trans_binval(tp, dead_buf);
        return error;
}

/*
 * See if the mapping(s) for this btree block are valid, i.e.
 * don't contain holes, are logically contiguous, and cover the whole range.
 */
STATIC int
xfs_da_map_covers_blocks(
        int             nmap,
        xfs_bmbt_irec_t *mapp,
        xfs_dablk_t     bno,
        int             count)
{
        int             i;
        xfs_fileoff_t   off;

        for (i = 0, off = bno; i < nmap; i++) {
                if (mapp[i].br_startblock == HOLESTARTBLOCK ||
                    mapp[i].br_startblock == DELAYSTARTBLOCK) {
                        return 0;
                }
                if (off != mapp[i].br_startoff) {
                        return 0;
                }
                off += mapp[i].br_blockcount;
        }
        return off == bno + count;
}

/*
 * Convert a struct xfs_bmbt_irec to a struct xfs_buf_map.
 *
 * For the single map case, it is assumed that the caller has provided a pointer
 * to a valid xfs_buf_map.  For the multiple map case, this function will
 * allocate the xfs_buf_map to hold all the maps and replace the caller's single
 * map pointer with the allocated map.
 */
static int
xfs_buf_map_from_irec(
        struct xfs_mount        *mp,
        struct xfs_buf_map      **mapp,
        int                     *nmaps,
        struct xfs_bmbt_irec    *irecs,
        int                     nirecs)
{
        struct xfs_buf_map      *map;
        int                     i;

        ASSERT(*nmaps == 1);
        ASSERT(nirecs >= 1);

        if (nirecs > 1) {
                map = kmem_zalloc(nirecs * sizeof(struct xfs_buf_map),
                                  KM_SLEEP | KM_NOFS);
                if (!map)
                        return -ENOMEM;
                *mapp = map;
        }

        *nmaps = nirecs;
        map = *mapp;
        for (i = 0; i < *nmaps; i++) {
                ASSERT(irecs[i].br_startblock != DELAYSTARTBLOCK &&
                       irecs[i].br_startblock != HOLESTARTBLOCK);
                map[i].bm_bn = XFS_FSB_TO_DADDR(mp, irecs[i].br_startblock);
                map[i].bm_len = XFS_FSB_TO_BB(mp, irecs[i].br_blockcount);
        }
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Map the block we are given ready for reading. There are three possible return
 * values:
 *      -1 - will be returned if we land in a hole and mappedbno == -2 so the
 *           caller knows not to execute a subsequent read.
 *       0 - if we mapped the block successfully
 *      >0 - positive error number if there was an error.
 */
static int
xfs_dabuf_map(
        struct xfs_inode        *dp,
        xfs_dablk_t             bno,
        xfs_daddr_t             mappedbno,
        int                     whichfork,
        struct xfs_buf_map      **map,
        int                     *nmaps)
{
        struct xfs_mount        *mp = dp->i_mount;
        int                     nfsb;
        int                     error = 0;
        struct xfs_bmbt_irec    irec;
        struct xfs_bmbt_irec    *irecs = &irec;
        int                     nirecs;

        ASSERT(map && *map);
        ASSERT(*nmaps == 1);

        if (whichfork == XFS_DATA_FORK)
                nfsb = mp->m_dir_geo->fsbcount;
        else
                nfsb = mp->m_attr_geo->fsbcount;

        /*
         * Caller doesn't have a mapping.  -2 means don't complain
         * if we land in a hole.
         */
        if (mappedbno == -1 || mappedbno == -2) {
                /*
                 * Optimize the one-block case.
                 */
                if (nfsb != 1)
                        irecs = kmem_zalloc(sizeof(irec) * nfsb,
                                            KM_SLEEP | KM_NOFS);

                nirecs = nfsb;
                error = xfs_bmapi_read(dp, (xfs_fileoff_t)bno, nfsb, irecs,
                                       &nirecs, xfs_bmapi_aflag(whichfork));
                if (error)
                        goto out;
        } else {
                irecs->br_startblock = XFS_DADDR_TO_FSB(mp, mappedbno);
                irecs->br_startoff = (xfs_fileoff_t)bno;
                irecs->br_blockcount = nfsb;
                irecs->br_state = 0;
                nirecs = 1;
        }

        if (!xfs_da_map_covers_blocks(nirecs, irecs, bno, nfsb)) {
                error = mappedbno == -2 ? -1 : -EFSCORRUPTED;
                if (unlikely(error == -EFSCORRUPTED)) {
                        if (xfs_error_level >= XFS_ERRLEVEL_LOW) {
                                int i;
                                xfs_alert(mp, "%s: bno %lld dir: inode %lld",
                                        __func__, (long long)bno,
                                        (long long)dp->i_ino);
                                for (i = 0; i < *nmaps; i++) {
                                        xfs_alert(mp,
"[%02d] br_startoff %lld br_startblock %lld br_blockcount %lld br_state %d",
                                                i,
                                                (long long)irecs[i].br_startoff,
                                                (long long)irecs[i].br_startblock,
                                                (long long)irecs[i].br_blockcount,
                                                irecs[i].br_state);
                                }
                        }
                        XFS_ERROR_REPORT("xfs_da_do_buf(1)",
                                         XFS_ERRLEVEL_LOW, mp);
                }
                goto out;
        }
        error = xfs_buf_map_from_irec(mp, map, nmaps, irecs, nirecs);
out:
        if (irecs != &irec)
                kmem_free(irecs);
        return error;
}

/*
 * Get a buffer for the dir/attr block.
 */
int
xfs_da_get_buf(
        struct xfs_trans        *trans,
        struct xfs_inode        *dp,
        xfs_dablk_t             bno,
        xfs_daddr_t             mappedbno,
        struct xfs_buf          **bpp,
        int                     whichfork)
{
        struct xfs_buf          *bp;
        struct xfs_buf_map      map;
        struct xfs_buf_map      *mapp;
        int                     nmap;
        int                     error;

        *bpp = NULL;
        mapp = &map;
        nmap = 1;
        error = xfs_dabuf_map(dp, bno, mappedbno, whichfork,
                                &mapp, &nmap);
        if (error) {
                /* mapping a hole is not an error, but we don't continue */
                if (error == -1)
                        error = 0;
                goto out_free;
        }

        bp = xfs_trans_get_buf_map(trans, dp->i_mount->m_ddev_targp,
                                    mapp, nmap, 0);
        error = bp ? bp->b_error : -EIO;
        if (error) {
                if (bp)
                        xfs_trans_brelse(trans, bp);
                goto out_free;
        }

        *bpp = bp;

out_free:
        if (mapp != &map)
                kmem_free(mapp);

        return error;
}

/*
 * Get a buffer for the dir/attr block, fill in the contents.
 */
int
xfs_da_read_buf(
        struct xfs_trans        *trans,
        struct xfs_inode        *dp,
        xfs_dablk_t             bno,
        xfs_daddr_t             mappedbno,
        struct xfs_buf          **bpp,
        int                     whichfork,
        const struct xfs_buf_ops *ops)
{
        struct xfs_buf          *bp;
        struct xfs_buf_map      map;
        struct xfs_buf_map      *mapp;
        int                     nmap;
        int                     error;

        *bpp = NULL;
        mapp = &map;
        nmap = 1;
        error = xfs_dabuf_map(dp, bno, mappedbno, whichfork,
                                &mapp, &nmap);
        if (error) {
                /* mapping a hole is not an error, but we don't continue */
                if (error == -1)
                        error = 0;
                goto out_free;
        }

        error = xfs_trans_read_buf_map(dp->i_mount, trans,
                                        dp->i_mount->m_ddev_targp,
                                        mapp, nmap, 0, &bp, ops);
        if (error)
                goto out_free;

        if (whichfork == XFS_ATTR_FORK)
                xfs_buf_set_ref(bp, XFS_ATTR_BTREE_REF);
        else
                xfs_buf_set_ref(bp, XFS_DIR_BTREE_REF);
        *bpp = bp;
out_free:
        if (mapp != &map)
                kmem_free(mapp);

        return error;
}

/*
 * Readahead the dir/attr block.
 */
int
xfs_da_reada_buf(
        struct xfs_inode        *dp,
        xfs_dablk_t             bno,
        xfs_daddr_t             mappedbno,
        int                     whichfork,
        const struct xfs_buf_ops *ops)
{
        struct xfs_buf_map      map;
        struct xfs_buf_map      *mapp;
        int                     nmap;
        int                     error;

        mapp = &map;
        nmap = 1;
        error = xfs_dabuf_map(dp, bno, mappedbno, whichfork,
                                &mapp, &nmap);
        if (error) {
                /* mapping a hole is not an error, but we don't continue */
                if (error == -1)
                        error = 0;
                goto out_free;
        }

        mappedbno = mapp[0].bm_bn;
        xfs_buf_readahead_map(dp->i_mount->m_ddev_targp, mapp, nmap, ops);

out_free:
        if (mapp != &map)
                kmem_free(mapp);

        return error;
}