Ready for 4.05

Changes: Fix release date and location

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

Removed trailing white space at end of lines

Changes: Expanded tabs

locale.1, localedef.1, _exit.2, accept.2, access.2, acct.2, adjtimex.2, bdflush.2, bind.2, bpf.2, brk.2, chdir.2, chmod.2, chown.2, chroot.2, clock_nanosleep.2, clone.2, close.2, connect.2, copy_file_range.2, create_module.2, delete_module.2, dup.2, epoll_ctl.2, eventfd.2, execve.2, fallocate.2, fanotify_init.2, fcntl.2, flock.2, fork.2, fsync.2, futex.2, get_kernel_syms.2, getdomainname.2, getgroups.2, gethostname.2, getpagesize.2, getpeername.2, getsid.2, getsockname.2, getsockopt.2, gettimeofday.2, init_module.2, ioctl.2, ioctl_list.2, ioperm.2, iopl.2, kexec_load.2, kill.2, killpg.2, link.2, listen.2, llseek.2, lseek.2, madvise.2, memfd_create.2, mincore.2, mkdir.2, mknod.2, mmap.2, mount.2, nanosleep.2, nice.2, open.2, personality.2, pipe.2, poll.2, posix_fadvise.2, read.2, readahead.2, readlink.2, readv.2, recv.2, recvmmsg.2, rename.2, request_key.2, sched_setaffinity.2, sched_setattr.2, select.2, select_tut.2, semctl.2, semop.2, send.2, sendfile.2, sendmmsg.2, seteuid.2, setns.2, setpgid.2, setreuid.2, shutdown.2, sigaction.2, sigaltstack.2, signal.2, signalfd.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2, sigsuspend.2, socketpair.2, splice.2, stat.2, statfs.2, stime.2, symlink.2, sync.2, syscall.2, syscalls.2, times.2, truncate.2, unlink.2, unshare.2, uselib.2, utimensat.2, vfork.2, vhangup.2, wait.2, wait4.2, write.2, a64l.3, abs.3, acos.3, acosh.3, addseverity.3, adjtime.3, aio_read.3, aio_write.3, asin.3, asinh.3, atan.3, atan2.3, atanh.3, atoi.3, backtrace.3, cbrt.3, ceil.3, cfree.3, clearenv.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, clog10.3, cmsg.3, copysign.3, cos.3, cosh.3, ctermid.3, ctime.3, daemon.3, dirfd.3, div.3, dl_iterate_phdr.3, drand48.3, drand48_r.3, dysize.3, ecvt.3, ecvt_r.3, endian.3, erf.3, erfc.3, errno.3, exec.3, exp.3, exp2.3, expm1.3, fabs.3, fdim.3, ferror.3, fexecve.3, ffs.3, fgetgrent.3, fgetpwent.3, finite.3, flockfile.3, floor.3, fma.3, fmax.3, fmin.3, fmod.3, fopen.3, fpclassify.3, frexp.3, fseeko.3, fts.3, futimes.3, fwide.3, gamma.3, gcvt.3, getaddrinfo.3, getcwd.3, getdate.3, getdirentries.3, getdtablesize.3, getgrent.3, getgrent_r.3, getgrnam.3, getgrouplist.3, gethostbyname.3, gethostid.3, getline.3, getloadavg.3, getmntent.3, getnameinfo.3, getnetent_r.3, getpass.3, getprotoent_r.3, getpwent.3, getpwent_r.3, getpwnam.3, getrpcent_r.3, getservent_r.3, getspnam.3, getsubopt.3, getusershell.3, getutent.3, getw.3, gsignal.3, hypot.3, ilogb.3, inet.3, initgroups.3, insque.3, isalpha.3, isgreater.3, iswblank.3, j0.3, ldexp.3, lgamma.3, lio_listio.3, lockf.3, log.3, log10.3, log1p.3, log2.3, logb.3, lrint.3, lround.3, makedev.3, matherr.3, mbsnrtowcs.3, mkdtemp.3, mkfifo.3, mkstemp.3, mktemp.3, modf.3, mq_close.3, mq_getattr.3, mq_notify.3, mq_receive.3, mq_send.3, nan.3, nextafter.3, on_exit.3, open_memstream.3, opendir.3, perror.3, popen.3, posix_fallocate.3, posix_madvise.3, posix_memalign.3, posix_openpt.3, posix_spawn.3, pow.3, printf.3, profil.3, psignal.3, pthread_attr_setstack.3, pthread_setaffinity_np.3, putenv.3, putpwent.3, qecvt.3, rand.3, random.3, random_r.3, rcmd.3, readdir.3, realpath.3, remainder.3, remquo.3, rexec.3, rint.3, round.3, rpc.3, rpmatch.3, scalb.3, scalbln.3, scandir.3, scanf.3, seekdir.3, sem_wait.3, setbuf.3, setenv.3, setjmp.3, setnetgrent.3, siginterrupt.3, signbit.3, significand.3, sigset.3, sigsetops.3, sigvec.3, sigwait.3, sin.3, sinh.3, sleep.3, sockatmark.3, sqrt.3, statvfs.3, stpcpy.3, stpncpy.3, strdup.3, strerror.3, strftime.3, strlen.3, strnlen.3, strsep.3, strsignal.3, strtod.3, strtok.3, strtol.3, strtoul.3, syslog.3, system.3, tan.3, tanh.3, telldir.3, tempnam.3, termios.3, tgamma.3, timegm.3, timeradd.3, tmpfile.3, tmpnam.3, toascii.3, trunc.3, ttyslot.3, tzset.3, ualarm.3, unlocked_stdio.3, usleep.3, wcpcpy.3, wcpncpy.3, wcscasecmp.3, wcsdup.3, wcsncasecmp.3, wcsnlen.3, wcsnrtombs.3, wprintf.3, y0.3, pts.4, st.4, tty_ioctl.4, elf.5, gai.conf.5, group.5, locale.5, nsswitch.conf.5, proc.5, utmp.5, aio.7, capabilities.7, credentials.7, environ.7, epoll.7, fanotify.7, feature_test_macros.7, inotify.7, ip.7, mq_overview.7, namespaces.7, pipe.7, signal.7, socket.7, standards.7, svipc.7, symlink.7, time.7, unicode.7, unix.7: tstamp

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

posix_spawn.3: srcfix: Add license delimiter tags

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

Changes: Ready for 4.05

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

ioperm.2: Permissions are inherited across fork(2)

See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=99911

Reported-by: Alex Henrie <alexhenrie24@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

iopl.2: Permissions are not inherited across fork(2) or preserved on execve(2)

See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=99901

Reported-by: Alex Henrie <alexhenrie24@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

lseek.2: NFS supports SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

lseek.2: FUSE now supports SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

futex.2: FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME can now be used with FUTEX_WAIT

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

proc.5: Document additional /proc/meminfo fields

Document DirectMap4k, DirectMap4M, DirectMap2M, DirectMap1G
See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=106281

Reported-by: Peter Wu <peter@lekensteyn.nl>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

epoll_ctl.2: Fix discussion of "ignored" EPOLLHUP and EPOLLERR with EPOLLEXCLUSIVE

Reported-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

epoll_ctl.2: Document EPOLLEXCLUSIVE

Cowritten-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

strftime.3: tfix

Signed-off-by: Nikola Forró <nforro@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

proc.5: Document MemAvailable /proc/meminfo field

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

proc.5: Document CmaTotal and CmaFree fields of /proc/meminfo

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

statfs.2: Use consistent case for hex constants

Reported-by: Jakub Wilk <jwilk@jwilk.net>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

statfs.2: spfix

The "Filesystem types" list had a random mixture of lower- and
uppercase hexadecimal digits. This patch makes them all uppercase.

Signed-off-by: Jakub Wilk <jwilk@jwilk.net>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

feature_test_macros.7: tfix

Signed-off-by: Jakub Wilk <jwilk@jwilk.net>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

readdir_r.3: tfix

Signed-off-by: Jakub Wilk <jwilk@jwilk.net>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

adjtimex.2: tfix

Signed-off-by: Jakub Wilk <jwilk@jwilk.net>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

strftime.3: Note which 'tm' fields are used to calculate each output string

See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1162218

Reported-by: Jeremy Harris <jeharris@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

strftime.3: Minor reordering of some text

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

symlink.7: Some "magic" symlinks have permissions other than 0777

See https://bugs.debian.org/743525

Reported-by: Zefram <zefram@fysh.org>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

dl_iterate_phdr.3: Note that first object visited by 'callback' is the main program

See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=94141

Reported-by: Simon Que <sque@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

dl_iterate_phdr.3: Describe 'struct dl_phdr_info' fields added in glibc 2.4

See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=103011

Reported-by: Paul Pluzhnikov <ppluzhnikov@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

open.2: wfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

recv.2, cmsg.3: Note that cmsg_len is typed as socklen_t in POSIX.1

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

cmsg.3: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

recv.2: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

recv.2: wfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

recv.2, cmsg.3: Fix type of cmsg_len member of cmsghdr structure

The type shown for cmsg_len member of cmsghdr structure is socklen_t,
but the actual type used by glibc and the kernel is size_t.

The information was obtained from glibc source code:
http://bit.ly/21m1RMp

Signed-off-by: Nikola Forró <nforro@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: Update timestamp (page reviewed by Adhemerval Zanella)

Reviewed-by: Adhemerval Zanella <adhemerval.zanella@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

pipe.7:  Clarify that I/O signalling requires use of both F_SETOWN and O_ASYNC

Reported-by: Jason Vas Dias <jason.vas.dias@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fcntl.2: Rework description of F_SETOWN

As suggested by Jason, make it clearer that I/O signalling
requires the use of both F_SETOWN and O_ASYNC. While we're at,
make a few other cleanups to the text.

Reported-by: Jason Vas Dias <jason.vas.dias@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

timegm.3: Expand DESCRIPTION a little

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

timegm.3: Remove sample implementation of timegm()

Stephen and Mats both question the wisdom of showing a portable
*non-thread-safe* implementation of timegm(), and I find it
hard to disagree. So, remove this code.

See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=103701

Reported-by: Stephen Hurd <shurd@sasktel.net>
Reported-by: Mats Wichmann <mats@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

epoll_ctl.2: Document ELOOP error for circular monitoring loops

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

splice.2: Improve description of 0 return value.

See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=90911

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sendfile.2: Fix incorrect description in text referring to splice(2)

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: wfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

select.2: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

capabilities.7: wfix

Reported-by: Krzysztof Adamski <k@japko.eu>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sched_setaffinity.2: wfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sched_setaffinity.2: Warn that CPU_ALLOC() may allocate a slightly CPU set than requested

Reported-by: Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

CPU_SET.3: wfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sched_setaffinity.2: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

pthread_setaffinity_np.3: SEE ALSO: add CPU_SET(3)

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

readdir.3: tfix

Reported-by: Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

open_memstream.3: SEE ALSO: add setbuf(3)

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

open_memstream.3: Minor reworking

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

execve.2: Add EPERM error for capabilities check of capability-dumb binaries

Reported-by: Krzysztof Adamski <k@japko.eu>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

capabilities.7: Explain safety check for capability-dumb binaries

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

capabilities.7: wfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

elf.5: wfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

elf.5: Improve description of STV_DEFAULT

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

elf.5: Improve description of STV_HIDDEN

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

elf.5: Fix description of STV_PROTECTED

Quoting Mike:

gabi says:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/elf/gabi4+/ch4.symtab.html
A symbol defined in the current component is protected if it is
visible in other components but not preemptable, meaning that
any reference to such a symbol from within the defining component
must be resolved to the definition in that component, even if
there is a definition in another component that would preempt by
the default rules. A symbol with STB_LOCAL binding may not have
STV_PROTECTED visibility. If a symbol definition with
STV_PROTECTED visibility from a shared object is taken as
resolving a reference from an executable or another shared object,
the SHN_UNDEF symbol table entry created has STV_DEFAULT
visibility.

solaris/oracle says:
https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26502_01/html/E26507/chapter6-79797.html
A symbol that is defined in the current component is protected
if the symbol is visible in other components, but cannot be
preempted. Any reference to such a symbol from within the defining
component must be resolved to the definition in that component.
This resolution must occur, even if a symbol definition exists in
another component that would interpose by the default rules.
A symbol with STB_LOCAL binding will not have STV_PROTECTED
visibility.

but i think this ibm article is probably the most understandable:
https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/aix/library/au-aix-symbol-visibility/
The symbol is visible outside the current executable or shared
object, but it may not be overridden. In other words, if a
protected symbol in a shared library is referenced by an other
code in the shared library, the other code will always reference
the symbol in the shared library, even if the executable defines
a symbol with the same name.

Reported-by: Gabriel Corona <gabriel.corona@enst-bretagne.fr>
Reported-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

elf.5: srcfix: remove commented-out mandoc markuo

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: srcfix: update copyright

Little or no text remains from Walters initial version
10 years ago.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

open_memstream.3: srcfix: Update copyright info

The open_memstream() text was jsut by me.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

open_memstream.3: Rework text describing dynamic allocation

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

open_memstream.3: Add some details on current buffer position

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fopen.3: SEE ALSO: add open_memstream(3)

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

open_wmemstream.3: Update link to point to new open_memstream(2) page

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3, open_memstream.3: Split open_memstream() and open_wmemstream() out to separate page

The current fmemopen(3) page documents too many functions.

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: srcfix: copyright date

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: wfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: Small clarification to the discussion of write errors

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: Minor fix: reorder a paragraph

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: ffix: add a subheading

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: wfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: Expand discussion of "current position" for fmemopen() stream

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: Rework discussion of the (obsolete) binary mode

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: ffix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: Rework description of 'buf' and 'len' arguments

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: Greatly expand description of 'mode' argument

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: wfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: tfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: Small improvements to the description of open_memstream()

Make it a little more evident that the caller should not
pass a previously allocated buffer to open_memstream().

Reported-by: Rasmus Villemoes <Rasmus.Villemoes@decode.is>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fmemopen.3: Fix "Usage" message

Reported-by: Rasmus Villemoes <Rasmus.Villemoes@decode.is>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

getnameinfo.3: Update FTM requirements

The FTM requirements changed in glibc 2.22

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

getaddrinfo.3: Update FTM requirements for glibc 2.22

Since glibc 2.22 getaddrinfo() etc. are only declared for
POSIX.1-2001 or later.

Reported-by: Andreas Schwab <schwab@suse.de>
Reported-by: Orion Poplawski <orion@cora.nwra.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

capabilities.7: wfix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

gamma.3: gamma() was documented in SVID 2

Reported-by: Alan Cox <etchedpixels@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

ntp_adjtime.3: New link to adjtimex(2)

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

posix_fallocate.3: ERRORS: add EINTR

The glibc implementation of posix_fallocate(), which calls
fallocate(), may be interrupted. The fallocate() emulation
also makes use of pread()/pwrite(), which may also be
interrupted.

Signed-off-by: Jérémie Galarneau <jeremie.galarneau@efficios.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

sched_setaffinity.2: Add reference to CPU_ALLOC(3)

Reported-by: Florian Weimer <fweimer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

proc.5: /proc/PID/fdinfo displays the setting of the close-on-exec flag

Note also the pre-3.1 bug in the display of this info.

Reported-by: Patrick Donnelly <batrick@batbytes.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

proc.5: ffix

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

inotify.7: Refer reader to proc(5) for info on /proc/PID/fdinfo inotify entries

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

fanotify.7: Refer reader to proc(5) for info on /proc/PID/fdinfo fanotify entries

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

proc.5: Document fanotify /proc/PID/fdinfo entries

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

proc.5: Document inotify /proc/PID/fdinfo entries

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

epoll.7: Mention that epoll info is available via /proc/PID/fdinfo

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

eventfd.2: Note that eventfd info is available in /proc/PID/fdinfo

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>