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d657c51f | 1 | systemd System and Service Manager |
220a21d3 | 2 | |
408f281b LP |
3 | CHANGES WITH 206: |
4 | ||
5 | * The documentation has been updated to cover the various new | |
6 | concepts introduced with 205. | |
7 | ||
8 | * Unit files now understand the new %v specifier which | |
9 | resolves to the kernel version string as returned by "uname | |
10 | -r". | |
11 | ||
12 | * systemctl now supports filtering the unit list output by | |
13 | load state, active state and sub state, using the new | |
14 | --type= parameter. | |
15 | ||
16 | * "systemctl status" will now show the results of the | |
17 | condition checks (like ConditionPathExists= and similar) of | |
18 | the last start attempts of the unit. They are also logged to | |
19 | the journal. | |
20 | ||
21 | * "journalctl -b" may now be used to look for boot output of a | |
22 | specific boot. Try "journalctl -b -1" for the previous boot, | |
23 | but the syntax is substantially more powerful. | |
24 | ||
25 | * "journalctl --show-cursor" has been added which prints the | |
26 | cursor string the last shown log line. This may then be used | |
27 | with the new "journalctl --after-cursor=" switch to continue | |
28 | browsing logs from that point on. | |
29 | ||
30 | * "journalctl --force" may now be used to force regeneration | |
31 | of an FSS key. | |
32 | ||
33 | * Device ACLs may now be applied to "dead" devices nodes too, | |
34 | i.e. device nodes that are created based on modalias | |
35 | information of unloaded kernel modules. | |
36 | ||
37 | * A new RPM macro has been added that may be used to apply | |
38 | tmpfiles configuration during package installation. | |
39 | ||
40 | * systemd-detect-virt and ConditionVirtualization= now can | |
41 | detect User-Mode-Linux machines (UML). | |
42 | ||
43 | * journald will now log the effective capabilities set of | |
44 | processes in the message metadata. | |
45 | ||
46 | * systemd-cryptsetup has gained support for TrueCrypt volumes. | |
47 | ||
48 | * The initrd interface has been simplified (more specifically, | |
49 | support for passing performance data via environment | |
50 | variables and fsck results via files in /run has been | |
51 | removed). These features were non-essential, and are | |
52 | nowadays available in a much nicer way by having systemd in | |
53 | the initrd serialize its state and have the hosts systemd | |
54 | deserialize it again. | |
55 | ||
56 | ... | |
57 | ||
00aa832b LP |
58 | CHANGES WITH 205: |
59 | ||
60 | * Two new unit types have been introduced: | |
61 | ||
62 | Scope units are very similar to service units, however, are | |
63 | created out of pre-existing processes -- instead of PID 1 | |
64 | forking off the processes. By using scope units it is | |
65 | possible for system services and applications to group their | |
66 | own child processes (worker processes) in a powerful way | |
67 | which then maybe used to organize them, or kill them | |
68 | together, or apply resource limits on them. | |
69 | ||
70 | Slice units may be used to partition system resources in an | |
71 | hierarchial fashion and then assign other units to them. By | |
72 | default there are now three slices: system.slice (for all | |
73 | system services), user.slice (for all user sessions), | |
74 | machine.slice (for VMs and containers). | |
75 | ||
76 | Slices and scopes have been introduced primarily in | |
77 | context of the work to move cgroup handling to a | |
78 | single-writer scheme, where only PID 1 | |
79 | creates/removes/manages cgroups. | |
80 | ||
81 | * There's a new concept of "transient" units. In contrast to | |
82 | normal units these units are created via an API at runtime, | |
83 | not from configuration from disk. More specifically this | |
84 | means it is now possible to run arbitrary programs as | |
85 | independent services, with all execution parameters passed | |
86 | in via bus APIs rather than read from disk. Transient units | |
87 | make systemd substantially more dynamic then it ever was, | |
88 | and useful as a general batch manager. | |
89 | ||
90 | * logind has been updated to make use of scope and slice units | |
91 | for managing user sessions. As a user logs in he will get | |
92 | his own private slice unit, to which all sessions are added | |
93 | as scope units. We also added support for automatically | |
94 | adding an instance of user@.service for the user into the | |
95 | slice. Effectively logind will no longer create cgroup | |
96 | hierarchies on its own now, it will defer entirely to PID 1 | |
97 | for this by means of scope, service and slice units. Since | |
98 | user sessions this way become entities managed by PID 1 | |
99 | the output of "systemctl" is now a lot more comprehensive. | |
100 | ||
101 | * A new mini-daemon "systemd-machined" has been added which | |
102 | may be used by virtualization managers to register local | |
103 | VMs/containers. nspawn has been updated accordingly, and | |
104 | libvirt will be updated shortly. machined will collect a bit | |
105 | of meta information about the VMs/containers, and assign | |
106 | them their own scope unit (see above). The collected | |
107 | meta-data is then made available via the "machinectl" tool, | |
108 | and exposed in "ps" and similar tools. machined/machinectl | |
109 | is compile-time optional. | |
110 | ||
111 | * As discussed earlier, the low-level cgroup configuration | |
112 | options ControlGroup=, ControlGroupModify=, | |
113 | ControlGroupPersistent=, ControlGroupAttribute= have been | |
114 | removed. Please use high-level attribute settings instead as | |
115 | well as slice units. | |
116 | ||
117 | * A new bus call SetUnitProperties() has been added to alter | |
118 | various runtime parameters of a unit. This is primarily | |
119 | useful to alter cgroup parameters dynamically in a nice way, | |
120 | but will be extended later on to make more properties | |
121 | modifiable at runtime. systemctl gained a new set-properties | |
122 | command that wraps this call. | |
123 | ||
124 | * A new tool "systemd-run" has been added which can be used to | |
125 | run arbitrary command lines as transient services or scopes, | |
126 | while configuring a number of settings via the command | |
127 | line. This tool is currently very basic, however already | |
128 | very useful. We plan to extend this tool to even allow | |
129 | queuing of execution jobs with time triggers from the | |
130 | command line, similar in fashion to "at". | |
131 | ||
132 | * nspawn will now inform the user explicitly that kernels with | |
133 | audit enabled break containers, and suggest the user to turn | |
134 | off audit. | |
135 | ||
136 | * Support for detecting the IMA and AppArmor security | |
137 | frameworks with ConditionSecurity= has been added. | |
138 | ||
139 | * journalctl gained a new "-k" switch for showing only kernel | |
1fda0ab5 ZJS |
140 | messages, mimicking dmesg output; in addition to "--user" |
141 | and "--system" switches for showing only user's own logs | |
142 | and system logs. | |
00aa832b LP |
143 | |
144 | * systemd-delta can now show information about drop-in | |
145 | snippets extending unit files. | |
146 | ||
147 | * libsystemd-bus has been substantially updated but is still | |
148 | not available as public API. | |
149 | ||
150 | * systemd will now look for the "debug" argument on the kernel | |
151 | command line and enable debug logging, similar to | |
152 | "systemd.log_level=debug" already did before. | |
153 | ||
154 | * "systemctl set-default", "systemctl get-default" has been | |
155 | added to configure the default.target symlink, which | |
156 | controls what to boot into by default. | |
157 | ||
1fda0ab5 ZJS |
158 | * "systemctl set-log-level" has been added as a convenient |
159 | way to raise and lower systemd logging threshold. | |
160 | ||
00aa832b LP |
161 | * "systemd-analyze plot" will now show the time the various |
162 | generators needed for execution, as well as information | |
163 | about the unit file loading. | |
164 | ||
00aa832b LP |
165 | * libsystemd-journal gained a new sd_journal_open_files() call |
166 | for opening specific journal files. journactl also gained a | |
167 | new switch to expose this new functionality. Previously we | |
168 | only supported opening all files from a directory, or all | |
169 | files from the system, as opening individual files only is | |
170 | racy due to journal file rotation. | |
171 | ||
172 | * systemd gained the new DefaultEnvironment= setting in | |
173 | /etc/systemd/system.conf to set environment variables for | |
174 | all services. | |
175 | ||
176 | * If a privileged process logs a journal message with the | |
177 | OBJECT_PID= field set, then journald will automatically | |
178 | augment this with additional OBJECT_UID=, OBJECT_GID=, | |
179 | OBJECT_COMM=, OBJECT_EXE=, ... fields. This is useful if | |
180 | system services want to log events about specific client | |
181 | processes. journactl/systemctl has been updated to make use | |
182 | of this information if all log messages regarding a specific | |
183 | unit is requested. | |
184 | ||
185 | Contributions from: Auke Kok, Chengwei Yang, Colin Walters, | |
186 | Cristian Rodríguez, Daniel Albers, Daniel Wallace, Dave | |
187 | Reisner, David Coppa, David King, David Strauss, Eelco | |
188 | Dolstra, Gabriel de Perthuis, Harald Hoyer, Jan Alexander | |
189 | Steffens, Jan Engelhardt, Jan Janssen, Jason St. John, Johan | |
190 | Heikkilä, Karel Zak, Karol Lewandowski, Kay Sievers, Lennart | |
191 | Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas, Marius Vollmer, | |
192 | Martin Pitt, Michael Biebl, Michael Olbrich, Michael Tremer, | |
193 | Michal Schmidt, Michał Bartoszkiewicz, Nirbheek Chauhan, | |
194 | Pierre Neidhardt, Ross Burton, Ross Lagerwall, Sean McGovern, | |
195 | Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tom Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, | |
196 | Václav Pavlín, Zachary Cook, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek, | |
197 | Łukasz Stelmach, 장동준 | |
198 | ||
606c24e3 LP |
199 | CHANGES WITH 204: |
200 | ||
201 | * The Python bindings gained some minimal support for the APIs | |
202 | exposed by libsystemd-logind. | |
203 | ||
204 | * ConditionSecurity= gained support for detecting SMACK. Since | |
205 | this condition already supports SELinux and AppArmor we only | |
206 | miss IMA for this. Patches welcome! | |
207 | ||
208 | Contributions from: Karol Lewandowski, Lennart Poettering, | |
209 | Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
210 | ||
2f3fcf85 LP |
211 | CHANGES WITH 203: |
212 | ||
213 | * systemd-nspawn will now create /etc/resolv.conf if | |
214 | necessary, before bind-mounting the host's file onto it. | |
215 | ||
216 | * systemd-nspawn will now store meta information about a | |
217 | container on the container's cgroup as extended attribute | |
218 | fields, including the root directory. | |
219 | ||
220 | * The cgroup hierarchy has been reworked in many ways. All | |
221 | objects any of the components systemd creates in the cgroup | |
b82eed9a | 222 | tree are now suffixed. More specifically, user sessions are |
2f3fcf85 LP |
223 | now placed in cgroups suffixed with ".session", users in |
224 | cgroups suffixed with ".user", and nspawn containers in | |
225 | cgroups suffixed with ".nspawn". Furthermore, all cgroup | |
226 | names are now escaped in a simple scheme to avoid collision | |
227 | of userspace object names with kernel filenames. This work | |
228 | is preparation for making these objects relocatable in the | |
229 | cgroup tree, in order to allow easy resource partitioning of | |
230 | these objects without causing naming conflicts. | |
231 | ||
232 | * systemctl list-dependencies gained the new switches | |
233 | --plain, --reverse, --after and --before. | |
234 | ||
235 | * systemd-inhibit now shows the process name of processes that | |
236 | have taken an inhibitor lock. | |
237 | ||
238 | * nss-myhostname will now also resolve "localhost" | |
239 | implicitly. This makes /etc/hosts an optional file and | |
240 | nicely handles that on IPv6 ::1 maps to both "localhost" and | |
241 | the local hostname. | |
242 | ||
243 | * libsystemd-logind.so gained a new call | |
244 | sd_get_machine_names() to enumerate running containers and | |
245 | VMs (currently only supported by very new libvirt and | |
246 | nspawn). sd_login_monitor can now be used to watch | |
247 | VMs/containers coming and going. | |
248 | ||
249 | * .include is not allowed recursively anymore, and only in | |
250 | unit files. Usually it is better to use drop-in snippets in | |
251 | .d/*.conf anyway, as introduced with systemd 198. | |
252 | ||
253 | * systemd-analyze gained a new "critical-chain" command that | |
254 | determines the slowest chain of units run during system | |
255 | boot-up. It is very useful for tracking down where | |
256 | optimizing boot time is the most beneficial. | |
257 | ||
258 | * systemd will no longer allow manipulating service paths in | |
259 | the name=systemd:/system cgroup tree using ControlGroup= in | |
260 | units. (But is still fine with it in all other dirs.) | |
261 | ||
262 | * There's a new systemd-nspawn@.service service file that may | |
263 | be used to easily run nspawn containers as system | |
264 | services. With the container's root directory in | |
265 | /var/lib/container/foobar it is now sufficient to run | |
266 | "systemctl start systemd-nspawn@foobar.service" to boot it. | |
267 | ||
268 | * systemd-cgls gained a new parameter "--machine" to list only | |
269 | the processes within a certain container. | |
270 | ||
271 | * ConditionSecurity= now can check for "apparmor". We still | |
272 | are lacking checks for SMACK and IMA for this condition | |
273 | check though. Patches welcome! | |
274 | ||
275 | * A new configuration file /etc/systemd/sleep.conf has been | |
276 | added that may be used to configure which kernel operation | |
277 | systemd is supposed to execute when "suspend", "hibernate" | |
278 | or "hybrid-sleep" is requested. This makes the new kernel | |
279 | "freeze" state accessible to the user. | |
280 | ||
281 | * ENV{SYSTEMD_WANTS} in udev rules will now implicitly escape | |
282 | the passed argument if applicable. | |
283 | ||
284 | Contributions from: Auke Kok, Colin Guthrie, Colin Walters, | |
285 | Cristian Rodríguez, Daniel Buch, Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner, | |
286 | Evangelos Foutras, Greg Kroah-Hartman, Harald Hoyer, Josh | |
287 | Triplett, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, | |
288 | MUNEDA Takahiro, Mantas Mikulėnas, Mirco Tischler, Nathaniel | |
289 | Chen, Nirbheek Chauhan, Ronny Chevalier, Ross Lagerwall, Tom | |
290 | Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, Ville Skyttä, Zbigniew | |
291 | Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
292 | ||
ef3b5246 LP |
293 | CHANGES WITH 202: |
294 | ||
295 | * The output of 'systemctl list-jobs' got some polishing. The | |
296 | '--type=' argument may now be passed more than once. A new | |
297 | command 'systemctl list-sockets' has been added which shows | |
298 | a list of kernel sockets systemd is listening on with the | |
299 | socket units they belong to, plus the units these socket | |
300 | units activate. | |
301 | ||
302 | * The experimental libsystemd-bus library got substantial | |
303 | updates to work in conjunction with the (also experimental) | |
304 | kdbus kernel project. It works well enough to exchange | |
305 | messages with some sophistication. Note that kdbus is not | |
306 | ready yet, and the library is mostly an elaborate test case | |
307 | for now, and not installable. | |
308 | ||
309 | * systemd gained a new unit 'systemd-static-nodes.service' | |
310 | that generates static device nodes earlier during boot, and | |
311 | can run in conjunction with udev. | |
312 | ||
313 | * libsystemd-login gained a new call sd_pid_get_user_unit() | |
314 | to retrieve the user systemd unit a process is running | |
315 | in. This is useful for systems where systemd is used as | |
316 | session manager. | |
317 | ||
318 | * systemd-nspawn now places all containers in the new /machine | |
319 | top-level cgroup directory in the name=systemd | |
320 | hierarchy. libvirt will soon do the same, so that we get a | |
321 | uniform separation of /system, /user and /machine for system | |
322 | services, user processes and containers/virtual | |
323 | machines. This new cgroup hierarchy is also useful to stick | |
324 | stable names to specific container instances, which can be | |
7c04ad2d | 325 | recognized later this way (this name may be controlled |
ef3b5246 LP |
326 | via systemd-nspawn's new -M switch). libsystemd-login also |
327 | gained a new call sd_pid_get_machine_name() to retrieve the | |
328 | name of the container/VM a specific process belongs to. | |
329 | ||
330 | * bootchart can now store its data in the journal. | |
331 | ||
332 | * libsystemd-journal gained a new call | |
333 | sd_journal_add_conjunction() for AND expressions to the | |
334 | matching logic. This can be used to express more complex | |
335 | logical expressions. | |
336 | ||
337 | * journactl can now take multiple --unit= and --user-unit= | |
338 | switches. | |
339 | ||
340 | * The cryptsetup logic now understands the "luks.key=" kernel | |
341 | command line switch for specifying a file to read the | |
7c04ad2d | 342 | decryption key from. Also, if a configured key file is not |
ef3b5246 LP |
343 | found the tool will now automatically fall back to prompting |
344 | the user. | |
345 | ||
cbeabcfb ZJS |
346 | * Python systemd.journal module was updated to wrap recently |
347 | added functions from libsystemd-journal. The interface was | |
348 | changed to bring the low level interface in s.j._Reader | |
349 | closer to the C API, and the high level interface in | |
350 | s.j.Reader was updated to wrap and convert all data about | |
351 | an entry. | |
352 | ||
ef3b5246 LP |
353 | Contributions from: Anatol Pomozov, Auke Kok, Harald Hoyer, |
354 | Henrik Grindal Bakken, Josh Triplett, Kay Sievers, Lennart | |
355 | Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas Marius Vollmer, | |
356 | Martin Jansa, Martin Pitt, Michael Biebl, Michal Schmidt, | |
357 | Mirco Tischler, Pali Rohar, Simon Peeters, Steven Hiscocks, | |
358 | Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
359 | ||
d3a86981 LP |
360 | CHANGES WITH 201: |
361 | ||
362 | * journalctl --update-catalog now understands a new --root= | |
363 | option to operate on catalogs found in a different root | |
364 | directory. | |
365 | ||
366 | * During shutdown after systemd has terminated all running | |
367 | services a final killing loop kills all remaining left-over | |
368 | processes. We will now print the name of these processes | |
369 | when we send SIGKILL to them, since this usually indicates a | |
370 | problem. | |
371 | ||
372 | * If /etc/crypttab refers to password files stored on | |
373 | configured mount points automatic dependencies will now be | |
374 | generated to ensure the specific mount is established first | |
375 | before the key file is attempted to be read. | |
376 | ||
377 | * 'systemctl status' will now show information about the | |
378 | network sockets a socket unit is listening on. | |
379 | ||
380 | * 'systemctl status' will also shown information about any | |
381 | drop-in configuration file for units. (Drop-In configuration | |
382 | files in this context are files such as | |
383 | /etc/systemd/systemd/foobar.service.d/*.conf) | |
384 | ||
385 | * systemd-cgtop now optionally shows summed up CPU times of | |
386 | cgroups. Press '%' while running cgtop to switch between | |
387 | percentage and absolute mode. This is useful to determine | |
388 | which cgroups use up the most CPU time over the entire | |
389 | runtime of the system. systemd-cgtop has also been updated | |
390 | to be 'pipeable' for processing with further shell tools. | |
391 | ||
392 | * 'hostnamectl set-hostname' will now allow setting of FQDN | |
393 | hostnames. | |
394 | ||
395 | * The formatting and parsing of time span values has been | |
396 | changed. The parser now understands fractional expressions | |
397 | such as "5.5h". The formatter will now output fractional | |
398 | expressions for all time spans under 1min, i.e. "5.123456s" | |
399 | rather than "5s 123ms 456us". For time spans under 1s | |
400 | millisecond values are shown, for those under 1ms | |
401 | microsecond values are shown. This should greatly improve | |
402 | all time-related output of systemd. | |
403 | ||
404 | * libsystemd-login and libsystemd-journal gained new | |
405 | functions for querying the poll() events mask and poll() | |
406 | timeout value for integration into arbitrary event | |
407 | loops. | |
408 | ||
409 | * localectl gained the ability to list available X11 keymaps | |
410 | (models, layouts, variants, options). | |
411 | ||
412 | * 'systemd-analyze dot' gained the ability to filter for | |
413 | specific units via shell-style globs, to create smaller, | |
414 | more useful graphs. I.e. it's now possible to create simple | |
415 | graphs of all the dependencies between only target units, or | |
416 | of all units that Avahi has dependencies with. | |
417 | ||
418 | Contributions from: Cristian Rodríguez, Dr. Tilmann Bubeck, | |
419 | Harald Hoyer, Holger Hans Peter Freyther, Kay Sievers, Kelly | |
420 | Anderson, Koen Kooi, Lennart Poettering, Maksim Melnikau, | |
421 | Marc-Antoine Perennou, Marius Vollmer, Martin Pitt, Michal | |
422 | Schmidt, Oleksii Shevchuk, Ronny Chevalier, Simon McVittie, | |
423 | Steven Hiscocks, Thomas Weißschuh, Umut Tezduyar, Václav | |
424 | Pavlín, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek, Łukasz Stelmach | |
425 | ||
9ca3c17f LP |
426 | CHANGES WITH 200: |
427 | ||
428 | * The boot-time readahead implementation for rotating media | |
429 | will now read the read-ahead data in multiple passes which | |
430 | consist of all read requests made in equidistant time | |
431 | intervals. This means instead of strictly reading read-ahead | |
432 | data in its physical order on disk we now try to find a | |
433 | middle ground between physical and access time order. | |
434 | ||
435 | * /etc/os-release files gained a new BUILD_ID= field for usage | |
436 | on operating systems that provide continuous builds of OS | |
437 | images. | |
438 | ||
439 | Contributions from: Auke Kok, Eelco Dolstra, Kay Sievers, | |
440 | Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Martin Pitt, Václav Pavlín | |
441 | William Douglas, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
442 | ||
35911459 LP |
443 | CHANGES WITH 199: |
444 | ||
445 | * systemd-python gained an API exposing libsystemd-daemon. | |
446 | ||
447 | * The SMACK setup logic gained support for uploading CIPSO | |
448 | security policy. | |
449 | ||
450 | * Behaviour of PrivateTmp=, ReadWriteDirectories=, | |
451 | ReadOnlyDirectories= and InaccessibleDirectories= has | |
452 | changed. The private /tmp and /var/tmp directories are now | |
453 | shared by all processes of a service (which means | |
454 | ExecStartPre= may now leave data in /tmp that ExecStart= of | |
455 | the same service can still access). When a service is | |
456 | stopped its temporary directories are immediately deleted | |
a87197f5 | 457 | (normal clean-up with tmpfiles is still done in addition to |
35911459 LP |
458 | this though). |
459 | ||
460 | * By default, systemd will now set a couple of sysctl | |
461 | variables in the kernel: the safe sysrq options are turned | |
462 | on, IP route verification is turned on, and source routing | |
463 | disabled. The recently added hardlink and softlink | |
464 | protection of the kernel is turned on. These settings should | |
465 | be reasonably safe, and good defaults for all new systems. | |
466 | ||
467 | * The predictable network naming logic may now be turned off | |
a87197f5 | 468 | with a new kernel command line switch: net.ifnames=0. |
35911459 LP |
469 | |
470 | * A new libsystemd-bus module has been added that implements a | |
471 | pretty complete D-Bus client library. For details see: | |
472 | ||
473 | http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2013-March/009797.html | |
474 | ||
c20d8298 | 475 | * journald will now explicitly flush the journal files to disk |
a87197f5 ZJS |
476 | at the latest 5min after each write. The file will then also |
477 | be marked offline until the next write. This should increase | |
478 | reliability in case of a crash. The synchronization delay | |
479 | can be configured via SyncIntervalSec= in journald.conf. | |
35911459 LP |
480 | |
481 | * There's a new remote-fs-setup.target unit that can be used | |
482 | to pull in specific services when at least one remote file | |
483 | system is to be mounted. | |
484 | ||
485 | * There are new targets timers.target and paths.target as | |
486 | canonical targets to pull user timer and path units in | |
487 | from. This complements sockets.target with a similar | |
488 | purpose for socket units. | |
489 | ||
6a7d3d68 LP |
490 | * libudev gained a new call udev_device_set_attribute_value() |
491 | to set sysfs attributes of a device. | |
492 | ||
a87197f5 ZJS |
493 | * The udev daemon now sets the default number of worker |
494 | processes executed in parallel based on the number of available | |
c20d8298 | 495 | CPUs instead of the amount of available RAM. This is supposed |
ab06eef8 | 496 | to provide a more reliable default and limit a too aggressive |
c20d8298 KS |
497 | paralellism for setups with 1000s of devices connected. |
498 | ||
35911459 LP |
499 | Contributions from: Auke Kok, Colin Walters, Cristian |
500 | Rodríguez, Daniel Buch, Dave Reisner, Frederic Crozat, Hannes | |
501 | Reinecke, Harald Hoyer, Jan Alexander Steffens, Jan | |
502 | Engelhardt, Josh Triplett, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, | |
503 | Mantas Mikulėnas, Martin Pitt, Mathieu Bridon, Michael Biebl, | |
504 | Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Miklos Vajna, Nathaniel Chen, | |
505 | Oleksii Shevchuk, Ozan Çağlayan, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel | |
506 | Andersen, Tollef Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, | |
507 | Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
508 | ||
85d68397 LP |
509 | CHANGES WITH 198: |
510 | ||
511 | * Configuration of unit files may now be extended via drop-in | |
512 | files without having to edit/override the unit files | |
513 | themselves. More specifically, if the administrator wants to | |
514 | change one value for a service file foobar.service he can | |
515 | now do so by dropping in a configuration snippet into | |
ad88e758 | 516 | /etc/systemd/system/foobar.service.d/*.conf. The unit logic |
85d68397 LP |
517 | will load all these snippets and apply them on top of the |
518 | main unit configuration file, possibly extending or | |
519 | overriding its settings. Using these drop-in snippets is | |
40e21da8 KS |
520 | generally nicer than the two earlier options for changing |
521 | unit files locally: copying the files from | |
85d68397 LP |
522 | /usr/lib/systemd/system/ to /etc/systemd/system/ and editing |
523 | them there; or creating a new file in /etc/systemd/system/ | |
524 | that incorporates the original one via ".include". Drop-in | |
525 | snippets into these .d/ directories can be placed in any | |
fd868975 | 526 | directory systemd looks for units in, and the usual |
85d68397 LP |
527 | overriding semantics between /usr/lib, /etc and /run apply |
528 | for them too. | |
529 | ||
530 | * Most unit file settings which take lists of items can now be | |
6aa8d43a | 531 | reset by assigning the empty string to them. For example, |
85d68397 LP |
532 | normally, settings such as Environment=FOO=BAR append a new |
533 | environment variable assignment to the environment block, | |
534 | each time they are used. By assigning Environment= the empty | |
535 | string the environment block can be reset to empty. This is | |
536 | particularly useful with the .d/*.conf drop-in snippets | |
156f7d09 KS |
537 | mentioned above, since this adds the ability to reset list |
538 | settings from vendor unit files via these drop-ins. | |
85d68397 LP |
539 | |
540 | * systemctl gained a new "list-dependencies" command for | |
541 | listing the dependencies of a unit recursively. | |
542 | ||
40e21da8 | 543 | * Inhibitors are now honored and listed by "systemctl |
85d68397 LP |
544 | suspend", "systemctl poweroff" (and similar) too, not only |
545 | GNOME. These commands will also list active sessions by | |
546 | other users. | |
547 | ||
548 | * Resource limits (as exposed by the various control group | |
549 | controllers) can now be controlled dynamically at runtime | |
550 | for all units. More specifically, you can now use a command | |
551 | like "systemctl set-cgroup-attr foobar.service cpu.shares | |
552 | 2000" to alter the CPU shares a specific service gets. These | |
6aa8d43a | 553 | settings are stored persistently on disk, and thus allow the |
85d68397 LP |
554 | administrator to easily adjust the resource usage of |
555 | services with a few simple commands. This dynamic resource | |
6aa8d43a | 556 | management logic is also available to other programs via the |
85d68397 LP |
557 | bus. Almost any kernel cgroup attribute and controller is |
558 | supported. | |
559 | ||
560 | * systemd-vconsole-setup will now copy all font settings to | |
6aa8d43a LP |
561 | all allocated VTs, where it previously applied them only to |
562 | the foreground VT. | |
85d68397 LP |
563 | |
564 | * libsystemd-login gained the new sd_session_get_tty() API | |
565 | call. | |
566 | ||
6aa8d43a LP |
567 | * This release drops support for a few legacy or |
568 | distribution-specific LSB facility names when parsing init | |
569 | scripts: $x-display-manager, $mail-transfer-agent, | |
85d68397 LP |
570 | $mail-transport-agent, $mail-transfer-agent, $smtp, |
571 | $null. Also, the mail-transfer-agent.target unit backing | |
572 | this has been removed. Distributions which want to retain | |
6aa8d43a LP |
573 | compatibility with this should carry the burden for |
574 | supporting this themselves and patch support for these back | |
575 | in, if they really need to. Also, the facilities $syslog and | |
576 | $local_fs are now ignored, since systemd does not support | |
577 | early-boot LSB init scripts anymore, and these facilities | |
578 | are implied anyway for normal services. syslog.target has | |
579 | also been removed. | |
85d68397 | 580 | |
40e21da8 | 581 | * There are new bus calls on PID1's Manager object for |
6aa8d43a | 582 | cancelling jobs, and removing snapshot units. Previously, |
85d68397 LP |
583 | both calls were only available on the Job and Snapshot |
584 | objects themselves. | |
585 | ||
586 | * systemd-journal-gatewayd gained SSL support. | |
587 | ||
588 | * The various "environment" files, such as /etc/locale.conf | |
589 | now support continuation lines with a backslash ("\") as | |
590 | last character in the line, similar in style (but different) | |
591 | to how this is supported in shells. | |
592 | ||
593 | * For normal user processes the _SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT= field is | |
594 | now implicitly appended to every log entry logged. systemctl | |
595 | has been updated to filter by this field when operating on a | |
596 | user systemd instance. | |
597 | ||
598 | * nspawn will now implicitly add the CAP_AUDIT_WRITE and | |
599 | CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL capabilities to the capabilities set for | |
600 | the container. This makes it easier to boot unmodified | |
601 | Fedora systems in a container, which however still requires | |
602 | audit=0 to be passed on the kernel command line. Auditing in | |
603 | kernel and userspace is unfortunately still too broken in | |
604 | context of containers, hence we recommend compiling it out | |
605 | of the kernel or using audit=0. Hopefully this will be fixed | |
606 | one day for good in the kernel. | |
607 | ||
608 | * nspawn gained the new --bind= and --bind-ro= parameters to | |
609 | bind mount specific directories from the host into the | |
610 | container. | |
611 | ||
40e21da8 | 612 | * nspawn will now mount its own devpts file system instance |
6aa8d43a | 613 | into the container, in order not to leak pty devices from |
85d68397 LP |
614 | the host into the container. |
615 | ||
616 | * systemd will now read the firmware boot time performance | |
6aa8d43a LP |
617 | information from the EFI variables, if the used boot loader |
618 | supports this, and takes it into account for boot performance | |
619 | analysis via "systemd-analyze". This is currently supported | |
620 | only in conjunction with Gummiboot, but could be supported | |
621 | by other boot loaders too. For details see: | |
85d68397 LP |
622 | |
623 | http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/BootLoaderInterface | |
624 | ||
625 | * A new generator has been added that automatically mounts the | |
626 | EFI System Partition (ESP) to /boot, if that directory | |
6aa8d43a LP |
627 | exists, is empty, and no other file system has been |
628 | configured to be mounted there. | |
85d68397 LP |
629 | |
630 | * logind will now send out PrepareForSleep(false) out | |
631 | unconditionally, after coming back from suspend. This may be | |
632 | used by applications as asynchronous notification for | |
633 | system resume events. | |
634 | ||
635 | * "systemctl unlock-sessions" has been added, that allows | |
636 | unlocking the screens of all user sessions at once, similar | |
637 | how "systemctl lock-sessions" already locked all users | |
40e21da8 | 638 | sessions. This is backed by a new D-Bus call UnlockSessions(). |
85d68397 LP |
639 | |
640 | * "loginctl seat-status" will now show the master device of a | |
641 | seat. (i.e. the device of a seat that needs to be around for | |
642 | the seat to be considered available, usually the graphics | |
643 | card). | |
644 | ||
645 | * tmpfiles gained a new "X" line type, that allows | |
646 | configuration of files and directories (with wildcards) that | |
647 | shall be excluded from automatic cleanup ("aging"). | |
648 | ||
bf933560 KS |
649 | * udev default rules set the device node permissions now only |
650 | at "add" events, and do not change them any longer with a | |
651 | later "change" event. | |
85d68397 LP |
652 | |
653 | * The log messages for lid events and power/sleep keypresses | |
654 | now carry a message ID. | |
655 | ||
656 | * We now have a substantially larger unit test suite, but this | |
657 | continues to be work in progress. | |
658 | ||
659 | * udevadm hwdb gained a new --root= parameter to change the | |
660 | root directory to operate relative to. | |
661 | ||
40e21da8 KS |
662 | * logind will now issue a background sync() request to the kernel |
663 | early at shutdown, so that dirty buffers are flushed to disk early | |
85d68397 LP |
664 | instead of at the last moment, in order to optimize shutdown |
665 | times a little. | |
666 | ||
667 | * A new bootctl tool has been added that is an interface for | |
668 | certain boot loader operations. This is currently a preview | |
669 | and is likely to be extended into a small mechanism daemon | |
670 | like timedated, localed, hostnamed, and can be used by | |
671 | graphical UIs to enumerate available boot options, and | |
672 | request boot into firmware operations. | |
673 | ||
674 | * systemd-bootchart has been relicensed to LGPLv2.1+ to match | |
675 | the rest of the package. It also has been updated to work | |
676 | correctly in initrds. | |
677 | ||
678 | * Policykit previously has been runtime optional, and is now | |
679 | also compile time optional via a configure switch. | |
680 | ||
681 | * systemd-analyze has been reimplemented in C. Also "systemctl | |
682 | dot" has moved into systemd-analyze. | |
683 | ||
684 | * "systemctl status" with no further parameters will now print | |
685 | the status of all active or failed units. | |
686 | ||
687 | * Operations such as "systemctl start" can now be executed | |
688 | with a new mode "--irreversible" which may be used to queue | |
689 | operations that cannot accidentally be reversed by a later | |
6aa8d43a | 690 | job queuing. This is by default used to make shutdown |
85d68397 LP |
691 | requests more robust. |
692 | ||
693 | * The Python API of systemd now gained a new module for | |
694 | reading journal files. | |
695 | ||
696 | * A new tool kernel-install has been added that can install | |
697 | kernel images according to the Boot Loader Specification: | |
698 | ||
699 | http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/BootLoaderSpec | |
700 | ||
701 | * Boot time console output has been improved to provide | |
6aa8d43a | 702 | animated boot time output for hanging jobs. |
85d68397 LP |
703 | |
704 | * A new tool systemd-activate has been added which can be used | |
705 | to test socket activation with, directly from the command | |
706 | line. This should make it much easier to test and debug | |
707 | socket activation in daemons. | |
708 | ||
709 | * journalctl gained a new "--reverse" (or -r) option to show | |
710 | journal output in reverse order (i.e. newest line first). | |
711 | ||
43447fb7 LP |
712 | * journalctl gained a new "--pager-end" (or -e) option to jump |
713 | to immediately jump to the end of the journal in the | |
714 | pager. This is only supported in conjunction with "less". | |
715 | ||
85d68397 LP |
716 | * journalctl gained a new "--user-unit=" option, that works |
717 | similar to "--unit=" but filters for user units rather than | |
718 | system units. | |
719 | ||
720 | * A number of unit files to ease adoption of systemd in | |
721 | initrds has been added. This moves some minimal logic from | |
722 | the various initrd implementations into systemd proper. | |
723 | ||
724 | * The journal files are now owned by a new group | |
725 | "systemd-journal", which exists specifically to allow access | |
726 | to the journal, and nothing else. Previously, we used the | |
6aa8d43a | 727 | "adm" group for that, which however possibly covers more |
85d68397 LP |
728 | than just journal/log file access. This new group is now |
729 | already used by systemd-journal-gatewayd to ensure this | |
730 | daemon gets access to the journal files and as little else | |
731 | as possible. Note that "make install" will also set FS ACLs | |
732 | up for /var/log/journal to give "adm" and "wheel" read | |
733 | access to it, in addition to "systemd-journal" which owns | |
734 | the journal files. We recommend that packaging scripts also | |
6aa8d43a | 735 | add read access to "adm" + "wheel" to /var/log/journal, and |
85d68397 LP |
736 | all existing/future journal files. To normal users and |
737 | administrators little changes, however packagers need to | |
738 | ensure to create the "systemd-journal" system group at | |
739 | package installation time. | |
740 | ||
741 | * The systemd-journal-gatewayd now runs as unprivileged user | |
742 | systemd-journal-gateway:systemd-journal-gateway. Packaging | |
743 | scripts need to create these system user/group at | |
744 | installation time. | |
745 | ||
746 | * timedated now exposes a new boolean property CanNTP that | |
747 | indicates whether a local NTP service is available or not. | |
748 | ||
749 | * systemd-detect-virt will now also detect xen PVs | |
750 | ||
40e21da8 KS |
751 | * The pstore file system is now mounted by default, if it is |
752 | available. | |
85d68397 | 753 | |
1aed4590 LP |
754 | * In addition to the SELinux and IMA policies we will now also |
755 | load SMACK policies at early boot. | |
756 | ||
85d68397 LP |
757 | Contributions from: Adel Gadllah, Aleksander Morgado, Auke |
758 | Kok, Ayan George, Bastien Nocera, Colin Walters, Daniel Buch, | |
759 | Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner, David Herrmann, David Strauss, | |
760 | Eelco Dolstra, Enrico Scholz, Frederic Crozat, Harald Hoyer, | |
761 | Jan Janssen, Jonathan Callen, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, | |
762 | Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas, Marc-Antoine Perennou, Martin | |
763 | Pitt, Mauro Dreissig, Max F. Albrecht, Michael Biebl, Michael | |
764 | Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Michal Vyskocil, | |
765 | Michał Bartoszkiewicz, Mirco Tischler, Nathaniel Chen, Nestor | |
766 | Ovroy, Oleksii Shevchuk, Paul W. Frields, Piotr Drąg, Rob | |
767 | Clark, Ryan Lortie, Simon McVittie, Simon Peeters, Steven | |
768 | Hiscocks, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tollef Fog Heen, Tom | |
769 | Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, William Giokas, Zbigniew | |
770 | Jędrzejewski-Szmek, Zeeshan Ali (Khattak) | |
771 | ||
8ad26859 LP |
772 | CHANGES WITH 197: |
773 | ||
774 | * Timer units now support calendar time events in addition to | |
775 | monotonic time events. That means you can now trigger a unit | |
776 | based on a calendar time specification such as "Thu,Fri | |
777 | 2013-*-1,5 11:12:13" which refers to 11:12:13 of the first | |
778 | or fifth day of any month of the year 2013, given that it is | |
779 | a thursday or friday. This brings timer event support | |
780 | considerably closer to cron's capabilities. For details on | |
781 | the supported calendar time specification language see | |
782 | systemd.time(7). | |
783 | ||
784 | * udev now supports a number of different naming policies for | |
785 | network interfaces for predictable names, and a combination | |
786 | of these policies is now the default. Please see this wiki | |
787 | document for details: | |
788 | ||
789 | http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PredictableNetworkInterfaceNames | |
790 | ||
791 | * Auke Kok's bootchart implementation has been added to the | |
792 | systemd tree. It's an optional component that can graph the | |
793 | boot in quite some detail. It's one of the best bootchart | |
794 | implementations around and minimal in its code and | |
795 | dependencies. | |
796 | ||
797 | * nss-myhostname has been integrated into the systemd source | |
798 | tree. nss-myhostname guarantees that the local hostname | |
799 | always stays resolvable via NSS. It has been a weak | |
800 | requirement of systemd-hostnamed since a long time, and | |
801 | since its code is actually trivial we decided to just | |
802 | include it in systemd's source tree. It can be turned off | |
803 | with a configure switch. | |
804 | ||
805 | * The read-ahead logic is now capable of properly detecting | |
806 | whether a btrfs file system is on SSD or rotating media, in | |
807 | order to optimize the read-ahead scheme. Previously, it was | |
808 | only capable of detecting this on traditional file systems | |
809 | such as ext4. | |
810 | ||
811 | * In udev, additional device properties are now read from the | |
812 | IAB in addition to the OUI database. Also, Bluetooth company | |
813 | identities are attached to the devices as well. | |
814 | ||
815 | * In service files %U may be used as specifier that is | |
816 | replaced by the configured user name of the service. | |
817 | ||
818 | * nspawn may now be invoked without a controlling TTY. This | |
819 | makes it suitable for invocation as its own service. This | |
820 | may be used to set up a simple containerized server system | |
821 | using only core OS tools. | |
822 | ||
823 | * systemd and nspawn can now accept socket file descriptors | |
824 | when they are started for socket activation. This enables | |
825 | implementation of socket activated nspawn | |
826 | containers. i.e. think about autospawning an entire OS image | |
827 | when the first SSH or HTTP connection is received. We expect | |
828 | that similar functionality will also be added to libvirt-lxc | |
829 | eventually. | |
830 | ||
831 | * journalctl will now suppress ANSI color codes when | |
832 | presenting log data. | |
833 | ||
834 | * systemctl will no longer show control group information for | |
835 | a unit if a the control group is empty anyway. | |
836 | ||
837 | * logind can now automatically suspend/hibernate/shutdown the | |
838 | system on idle. | |
839 | ||
840 | * /etc/machine-info and hostnamed now also expose the chassis | |
841 | type of the system. This can be used to determine whether | |
842 | the local system is a laptop, desktop, handset or | |
843 | tablet. This information may either be configured by the | |
844 | user/vendor or is automatically determined from ACPI and DMI | |
845 | information if possible. | |
846 | ||
847 | * A number of PolicyKit actions are now bound together with | |
848 | "imply" rules. This should simplify creating UIs because | |
849 | many actions will now authenticate similar ones as well. | |
850 | ||
851 | * Unit files learnt a new condition ConditionACPower= which | |
852 | may be used to conditionalize a unit depending on whether an | |
853 | AC power source is connected or not, of whether the system | |
854 | is running on battery power. | |
855 | ||
856 | * systemctl gained a new "is-failed" verb that may be used in | |
857 | shell scripts and suchlike to check whether a specific unit | |
858 | is in the "failed" state. | |
859 | ||
860 | * The EnvironmentFile= setting in unit files now supports file | |
861 | globbing, and can hence be used to easily read a number of | |
862 | environment files at once. | |
863 | ||
864 | * systemd will no longer detect and recognize specific | |
865 | distributions. All distribution-specific #ifdeffery has been | |
866 | removed, systemd is now fully generic and | |
867 | distribution-agnostic. Effectively, not too much is lost as | |
868 | a lot of the code is still accessible via explicit configure | |
869 | switches. However, support for some distribution specific | |
870 | legacy configuration file formats has been dropped. We | |
871 | recommend distributions to simply adopt the configuration | |
872 | files everybody else uses now and convert the old | |
873 | configuration from packaging scripts. Most distributions | |
874 | already did that. If that's not possible or desirable, | |
875 | distributions are welcome to forward port the specific | |
876 | pieces of code locally from the git history. | |
877 | ||
878 | * When logging a message about a unit systemd will now always | |
879 | log the unit name in the message meta data. | |
880 | ||
881 | * localectl will now also discover system locale data that is | |
882 | not stored in locale archives, but directly unpacked. | |
883 | ||
884 | * logind will no longer unconditionally use framebuffer | |
885 | devices as seat masters, i.e. as devices that are required | |
886 | to be existing before a seat is considered preset. Instead, | |
887 | it will now look for all devices that are tagged as | |
888 | "seat-master" in udev. By default framebuffer devices will | |
889 | be marked as such, but depending on local systems other | |
890 | devices might be marked as well. This may be used to | |
891 | integrate graphics cards using closed source drivers (such | |
892 | as NVidia ones) more nicely into logind. Note however, that | |
893 | we recommend using the open source NVidia drivers instead, | |
894 | and no udev rules for the closed-source drivers will be | |
895 | shipped from us upstream. | |
896 | ||
897 | Contributions from: Adam Williamson, Alessandro Crismani, Auke | |
898 | Kok, Colin Walters, Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner, David | |
899 | Herrmann, David Strauss, Dimitrios Apostolou, Eelco Dolstra, | |
900 | Eric Benoit, Giovanni Campagna, Hannes Reinecke, Henrik | |
901 | Grindal Bakken, Hermann Gausterer, Kay Sievers, Lennart | |
902 | Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas, Marcel Holtmann, | |
903 | Martin Pitt, Matthew Monaco, Michael Biebl, Michael Terry, | |
904 | Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Michał Bartoszkiewicz, Oleg | |
905 | Samarin, Pekka Lundstrom, Philip Nilsson, Ramkumar | |
906 | Ramachandra, Richard Yao, Robert Millan, Sami Kerola, Shawn | |
907 | Landden, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Thomas Jarosch, | |
908 | Tollef Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, Zbigniew | |
909 | Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
910 | ||
0428ddb7 LP |
911 | CHANGES WITH 196: |
912 | ||
913 | * udev gained support for loading additional device properties | |
914 | from an indexed database that is keyed by vendor/product IDs | |
915 | and similar device identifiers. For the beginning this | |
916 | "hwdb" is populated with data from the well-known PCI and | |
917 | USB database, but also includes PNP, ACPI and OID data. In | |
918 | the longer run this indexed database shall grow into | |
919 | becoming the one central database for non-essential | |
920 | userspace device metadata. Previously, data from the PCI/USB | |
96ec33c0 | 921 | database was only attached to select devices, since the |
0428ddb7 | 922 | lookup was a relatively expensive operation due to O(n) time |
96ec33c0 LP |
923 | complexity (with n being the number of entries in the |
924 | database). Since this is now O(1), we decided to add in this | |
925 | data for all devices where this is available, by | |
0428ddb7 LP |
926 | default. Note that the indexed database needs to be rebuilt |
927 | when new data files are installed. To achieve this you need | |
928 | to update your packaging scripts to invoke "udevadm hwdb | |
929 | --update" after installation of hwdb data files. For | |
930 | RPM-based distributions we introduced the new | |
931 | %udev_hwdb_update macro for this purpose. | |
932 | ||
933 | * The Journal gained support for the "Message Catalog", an | |
934 | indexed database to link up additional information with | |
935 | journal entries. For further details please check: | |
936 | ||
937 | http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/catalog | |
938 | ||
939 | The indexed message catalog database also needs to be | |
940 | rebuilt after installation of message catalog files. Use | |
941 | "journalctl --update-catalog" for this. For RPM-based | |
942 | distributions we introduced the %journal_catalog_update | |
943 | macro for this purpose. | |
944 | ||
945 | * The Python Journal bindings gained support for the standard | |
946 | Python logging framework. | |
947 | ||
948 | * The Journal API gained new functions for checking whether | |
949 | the underlying file system of a journal file is capable of | |
950 | properly reporting file change notifications, or whether | |
951 | applications that want to reflect journal changes "live" | |
ab06eef8 | 952 | need to recheck journal files continuously in appropriate |
0428ddb7 LP |
953 | time intervals. |
954 | ||
955 | * It is now possible to set the "age" field for tmpfiles | |
956 | entries to 0, indicating that files matching this entry | |
957 | shall always be removed when the directories are cleaned up. | |
958 | ||
959 | * coredumpctl gained a new "gdb" verb which invokes gdb | |
960 | right-away on the selected coredump. | |
961 | ||
962 | * There's now support for "hybrid sleep" on kernels that | |
963 | support this, in addition to "suspend" and "hibernate". Use | |
964 | "systemctl hybrid-sleep" to make use of this. | |
965 | ||
966 | * logind's HandleSuspendKey= setting (and related settings) | |
967 | now gained support for a new "lock" setting to simply | |
968 | request the screen lock on all local sessions, instead of | |
969 | actually executing a suspend or hibernation. | |
970 | ||
971 | * systemd will now mount the EFI variables file system by | |
972 | default. | |
973 | ||
974 | * Socket units now gained support for configuration of the | |
975 | SMACK security label. | |
976 | ||
977 | * timedatectl will now output the time of the last and next | |
978 | daylight saving change. | |
979 | ||
980 | * We dropped support for various legacy and distro-specific | |
981 | concepts, such as insserv, early-boot SysV services | |
982 | (i.e. those for non-standard runlevels such as 'b' or 'S') | |
983 | or ArchLinux /etc/rc.conf support. We recommend the | |
984 | distributions who still need support this to either continue | |
985 | to maintain the necessary patches downstream, or find a | |
986 | different solution. (Talk to us if you have questions!) | |
987 | ||
988 | * Various systemd components will now bypass PolicyKit checks | |
989 | for root and otherwise handle properly if PolicyKit is not | |
990 | found to be around. This should fix most issues for | |
991 | PolicyKit-less systems. Quite frankly this should have been | |
992 | this way since day one. It is absolutely our intention to | |
993 | make systemd work fine on PolicyKit-less systems, and we | |
994 | consider it a bug if something doesn't work as it should if | |
995 | PolicyKit is not around. | |
996 | ||
997 | * For embedded systems it is now possible to build udev and | |
998 | systemd without blkid and/or kmod support. | |
999 | ||
1000 | * "systemctl switch-root" is now capable of switching root | |
1001 | more than once. I.e. in addition to transitions from the | |
1002 | initrd to the host OS it is now possible to transition to | |
1003 | further OS images from the host. This is useful to implement | |
1004 | offline updating tools. | |
1005 | ||
1006 | * Various other additions have been made to the RPM macros | |
1007 | shipped with systemd. Use %udev_rules_update() after | |
1008 | installing new udev rules files. %_udevhwdbdir, | |
1009 | %_udevrulesdir, %_journalcatalogdir, %_tmpfilesdir, | |
1010 | %_sysctldir are now available which resolve to the right | |
1011 | directories for packages to place various data files in. | |
1012 | ||
1013 | * journalctl gained the new --full switch (in addition to | |
1014 | --all, to disable ellipsation for long messages. | |
1015 | ||
1016 | Contributions from: Anders Olofsson, Auke Kok, Ben Boeckel, | |
1017 | Colin Walters, Cosimo Cecchi, Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner, | |
1018 | Eelco Dolstra, Holger Hans Peter Freyther, Kay Sievers, | |
1019 | Chun-Yi Lee, Lekensteyn, Lennart Poettering, Mantas Mikulėnas, | |
1020 | Marti Raudsepp, Martin Pitt, Mauro Dreissig, Michael Biebl, | |
1021 | Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Miklos Vajna, Nis Martensen, | |
1022 | Oleksii Shevchuk, Olivier Brunel, Ramkumar Ramachandra, Thomas | |
1023 | Bächler, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tom Gundersen, Tony | |
1024 | Camuso, Umut Tezduyar, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
1025 | ||
139ee8cc LP |
1026 | CHANGES WITH 195: |
1027 | ||
6827101a | 1028 | * journalctl gained new --since= and --until= switches to |
139ee8cc LP |
1029 | filter by time. It also now supports nice filtering for |
1030 | units via --unit=/-u. | |
1031 | ||
6827101a | 1032 | * Type=oneshot services may use ExecReload= and do the |
139ee8cc LP |
1033 | right thing. |
1034 | ||
1035 | * The journal daemon now supports time-based rotation and | |
1036 | vacuuming, in addition to the usual disk-space based | |
1037 | rotation. | |
1038 | ||
1039 | * The journal will now index the available field values for | |
1040 | each field name. This enables clients to show pretty drop | |
1041 | downs of available match values when filtering. The bash | |
1042 | completion of journalctl has been updated | |
1043 | accordingly. journalctl gained a new switch -F to list all | |
1044 | values a certain field takes in the journal database. | |
1045 | ||
1046 | * More service events are now written as structured messages | |
1047 | to the journal, and made recognizable via message IDs. | |
1048 | ||
1049 | * The timedated, localed and hostnamed mini-services which | |
1050 | previously only provided support for changing time, locale | |
1051 | and hostname settings from graphical DEs such as GNOME now | |
1052 | also have a minimal (but very useful) text-based client | |
1053 | utility each. This is probably the nicest way to changing | |
1054 | these settings from the command line now, especially since | |
1055 | it lists available options and is fully integrated with bash | |
1056 | completion. | |
1057 | ||
1058 | * There's now a new tool "systemd-coredumpctl" to list and | |
1059 | extract coredumps from the journal. | |
1060 | ||
1061 | * We now install a README each in /var/log/ and | |
1062 | /etc/rc.d/init.d explaining where the system logs and init | |
1063 | scripts went. This hopefully should help folks who go to | |
1064 | that dirs and look into the otherwise now empty void and | |
1065 | scratch their heads. | |
1066 | ||
1067 | * When user-services are invoked (by systemd --user) the | |
1068 | $MANAGERPID env var is set to the PID of systemd. | |
1069 | ||
1070 | * SIGRTMIN+24 when sent to a --user instance will now result | |
1071 | in immediate termination of systemd. | |
1072 | ||
1073 | * gatewayd received numerous feature additions such as a | |
1074 | "follow" mode, for live syncing and filtering. | |
1075 | ||
1076 | * browse.html now allows filtering and showing detailed | |
1077 | information on specific entries. Keyboard navigation and | |
1078 | mouse screen support has been added. | |
1079 | ||
1080 | * gatewayd/journalctl now supports HTML5/JSON | |
1081 | Server-Sent-Events as output. | |
1082 | ||
1cb88f2c | 1083 | * The SysV init script compatibility logic will now |
139ee8cc LP |
1084 | heuristically determine whether a script supports the |
1085 | "reload" verb, and only then make this available as | |
1086 | "systemctl reload". | |
1087 | ||
15f47220 | 1088 | * "systemctl status --follow" has been removed, use "journalctl |
139ee8cc LP |
1089 | -u" instead. |
1090 | ||
1091 | * journald.conf's RuntimeMinSize=, PersistentMinSize= settings | |
1092 | have been removed since they are hardly useful to be | |
1093 | configured. | |
1094 | ||
1095 | * And I'd like to take the opportunity to specifically mention | |
1096 | Zbigniew for his great contributions. Zbigniew, you rock! | |
1097 | ||
1098 | Contributions from: Andrew Eikum, Christian Hesse, Colin | |
1099 | Guthrie, Daniel J Walsh, Dave Reisner, Eelco Dolstra, Ferenc | |
4d92e078 LP |
1100 | Wágner, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas |
1101 | Mikulėnas, Martin Mikkelsen, Martin Pitt, Michael Olbrich, | |
1102 | Michael Stapelberg, Michal Schmidt, Sebastian Ott, Thomas | |
1103 | Bächler, Umut Tezduyar, Will Woods, Wulf C. Krueger, Zbigniew | |
1104 | Jędrzejewski-Szmek, Сковорода Никита Андреевич | |
139ee8cc | 1105 | |
f9b55720 LP |
1106 | CHANGES WITH 194: |
1107 | ||
1108 | * If /etc/vconsole.conf is non-existent or empty we will no | |
1109 | longer load any console font or key map at boot by | |
1110 | default. Instead the kernel defaults will be left | |
1111 | intact. This is definitely the right thing to do, as no | |
1112 | configuration should mean no configuration, and hard-coding | |
1113 | font names that are different on all archs is probably a bad | |
1114 | idea. Also, the kernel default key map and font should be | |
1115 | good enough for most cases anyway, and mostly identical to | |
1116 | the userspace fonts/key maps we previously overloaded them | |
1117 | with. If distributions want to continue to default to a | |
1118 | non-kernel font or key map they should ship a default | |
1119 | /etc/vconsole.conf with the appropriate contents. | |
1120 | ||
1121 | Contributions from: Colin Walters, Daniel J Walsh, Dave | |
1122 | Reisner, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Tollef | |
1123 | Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
1124 | ||
597c52cf LP |
1125 | CHANGES WITH 193: |
1126 | ||
1127 | * journalctl gained a new --cursor= switch to show entries | |
1128 | starting from the specified location in the journal. | |
1129 | ||
1130 | * We now enforce a size limit on journal entry fields exported | |
1131 | with "-o json" in journalctl. Fields larger than 4K will be | |
1132 | assigned null. This can be turned off with --all. | |
1133 | ||
1134 | * An (optional) journal gateway daemon is now available as | |
1135 | "systemd-journal-gatewayd.service". This service provides | |
1136 | access to the journal via HTTP and JSON. This functionality | |
1137 | will be used to implement live log synchronization in both | |
1138 | pull and push modes, but has various other users too, such | |
1139 | as easy log access for debugging of embedded devices. Right | |
1140 | now it is already useful to retrieve the journal via HTTP: | |
1141 | ||
1142 | # systemctl start systemd-journal-gatewayd.service | |
1143 | # wget http://localhost:19531/entries | |
1144 | ||
1145 | This will download the journal contents in a | |
1146 | /var/log/messages compatible format. The same as JSON: | |
1147 | ||
1148 | # curl -H"Accept: application/json" http://localhost:19531/entries | |
1149 | ||
1150 | This service is also accessible via a web browser where a | |
1151 | single static HTML5 app is served that uses the JSON logic | |
1152 | to enable the user to do some basic browsing of the | |
1153 | journal. This will be extended later on. Here's an example | |
1154 | screenshot of this app in its current state: | |
1155 | ||
1156 | http://0pointer.de/public/journal-gatewayd | |
1157 | ||
1158 | Contributions from: Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Robert | |
1159 | Milasan, Tom Gundersen | |
1160 | ||
075d4ecb LP |
1161 | CHANGES WITH 192: |
1162 | ||
1163 | * The bash completion logic is now available for journalctl | |
1164 | too. | |
1165 | ||
1166 | * We don't mount the "cpuset" controller anymore together with | |
1167 | "cpu" and "cpuacct", as "cpuset" groups generally cannot be | |
1168 | started if no parameters are assigned to it. "cpuset" hence | |
1169 | broke code that assumed it it could create "cpu" groups and | |
1170 | just start them. | |
1171 | ||
1172 | * journalctl -f will now subscribe to terminal size changes, | |
1173 | and line break accordingly. | |
1174 | ||
597c52cf LP |
1175 | Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Kay Sievers, Lennart |
1176 | Poettering, Lukas Nykrynm, Mirco Tischler, Václav Pavlín | |
075d4ecb | 1177 | |
b6a86739 LP |
1178 | CHANGES WITH 191: |
1179 | ||
1180 | * nspawn will now create a symlink /etc/localtime in the | |
1181 | container environment, copying the host's timezone | |
1182 | setting. Previously this has been done via a bind mount, but | |
1183 | since symlinks cannot be bind mounted this has now been | |
1184 | changed to create/update the appropriate symlink. | |
1185 | ||
1186 | * journalctl -n's line number argument is now optional, and | |
1187 | will default to 10 if omitted. | |
1188 | ||
1189 | * journald will now log the maximum size the journal files may | |
1190 | take up on disk. This is particularly useful if the default | |
1191 | built-in logic of determining this parameter from the file | |
1192 | system size is used. Use "systemctl status | |
6563b535 | 1193 | systemd-journald.service" to see this information. |
b6a86739 LP |
1194 | |
1195 | * The multi-seat X wrapper tool has been stripped down. As X | |
1196 | is now capable of enumerating graphics devices via udev in a | |
1197 | seat-aware way the wrapper is not strictly necessary | |
1198 | anymore. A stripped down temporary stop-gap is still shipped | |
1199 | until the upstream display managers have been updated to | |
1200 | fully support the new X logic. Expect this wrapper to be | |
6563b535 | 1201 | removed entirely in one of the next releases. |
b6a86739 LP |
1202 | |
1203 | * HandleSleepKey= in logind.conf has been split up into | |
1204 | HandleSuspendKey= and HandleHibernateKey=. The old setting | |
6563b535 | 1205 | is not available anymore. X11 and the kernel are |
b6a86739 LP |
1206 | distuingishing between these keys and we should too. This |
1207 | also means the inhibition lock for these keys has been split | |
1208 | into two. | |
1209 | ||
597c52cf LP |
1210 | Contributions from: Dave Airlie, Eelco Dolstra, Lennart |
1211 | Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Václav Pavlín | |
b6a86739 | 1212 | |
0c11f949 LP |
1213 | CHANGES WITH 190: |
1214 | ||
1215 | * Whenever a unit changes state we'll now log this to the | |
1216 | journal and show along the unit's own log output in | |
1217 | "systemctl status". | |
1218 | ||
1219 | * ConditionPathIsMountPoint= can now properly detect bind | |
1220 | mount points too. (Previously, a bind mount of one file | |
8d0256b7 | 1221 | system to another place in the same file system could not be |
0c11f949 LP |
1222 | detected as mount, since they shared struct stat's st_dev |
1223 | field.) | |
1224 | ||
1225 | * We will now mount the cgroup controllers cpu, cpuacct, | |
1226 | cpuset and the controllers net_cls, net_prio together by | |
1227 | default. | |
1228 | ||
1229 | * nspawn containers will now have a virtualized boot | |
1230 | ID. (i.e. /proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id is now mounted | |
1231 | over with a randomized ID at container initialization). This | |
1232 | has the effect of making "journalctl -b" do the right thing | |
1233 | in a container. | |
1234 | ||
1235 | * The JSON output journal serialization has been updated not | |
1236 | to generate "endless" list objects anymore, but rather one | |
1237 | JSON object per line. This is more in line how most JSON | |
1238 | parsers expect JSON objects. The new output mode | |
1239 | "json-pretty" has been added to provide similar output, but | |
1240 | neatly aligned for readability by humans. | |
1241 | ||
1242 | * We dropped all explicit sync() invocations in the shutdown | |
1243 | code. The kernel does this implicitly anyway in the kernel | |
1244 | reboot() syscall. halt(8)'s -n option is now a compatibility | |
1245 | no-op. | |
1246 | ||
1247 | * We now support virtualized reboot() in containers, as | |
1248 | supported by newer kernels. We will fall back to exit() if | |
1249 | CAP_SYS_REBOOT is not available to the container. Also, | |
1250 | nspawn makes use of this now and will actually reboot the | |
1251 | container if the containerized OS asks for that. | |
1252 | ||
1253 | * journalctl will only show local log output by default | |
1254 | now. Use --merge (-m) to show remote log output, too. | |
1255 | ||
1256 | * libsystemd-journal gained the new sd_journal_get_usage() | |
1257 | call to determine the current disk usage of all journal | |
1258 | files. This is exposed in the new "journalctl --disk-usage" | |
1259 | command. | |
1260 | ||
1261 | * journald gained a new configuration setting SplitMode= in | |
1262 | journald.conf which may be used to control how user journals | |
1263 | are split off. See journald.conf(5) for details. | |
1264 | ||
1265 | * A new condition type ConditionFileNotEmpty= has been added. | |
1266 | ||
1267 | * tmpfiles' "w" lines now support file globbing, to write | |
1268 | multiple files at once. | |
1269 | ||
1270 | * We added Python bindings for the journal submission | |
1271 | APIs. More Python APIs for a number of selected APIs will | |
1272 | likely follow. Note that we intend to add native bindings | |
1273 | only for the Python language, as we consider it common | |
1274 | enough to deserve bindings shipped within systemd. There are | |
1275 | various projects outside of systemd that provide bindings | |
1276 | for languages such as PHP or Lua. | |
1277 | ||
a98d5d64 LP |
1278 | * Many conditions will now resolve specifiers such as %i. In |
1279 | addition, PathChanged= and related directives of .path units | |
1280 | now support specifiers as well. | |
0c11f949 LP |
1281 | |
1282 | * There's now a new RPM macro definition for the system preset | |
1283 | dir: %_presetdir. | |
1284 | ||
ab06eef8 | 1285 | * journald will now warn if it can't forward a message to the |
0c11f949 LP |
1286 | syslog daemon because it's socket is full. |
1287 | ||
1288 | * timedated will no longer write or process /etc/timezone, | |
1289 | except on Debian. As we do not support late mounted /usr | |
1290 | anymore /etc/localtime always being a symlink is now safe, | |
1291 | and hence the information in /etc/timezone is not necessary | |
1292 | anymore. | |
1293 | ||
aaccc32c | 1294 | * logind will now always reserve one VT for a text getty (VT6 |
0c11f949 LP |
1295 | by default). Previously if more than 6 X sessions where |
1296 | started they took up all the VTs with auto-spawned gettys, | |
1297 | so that no text gettys were available anymore. | |
1298 | ||
1299 | * udev will now automatically inform the btrfs kernel logic | |
1300 | about btrfs RAID components showing up. This should make | |
1301 | simple hotplug based btrfs RAID assembly work. | |
1302 | ||
1303 | * PID 1 will now increase its RLIMIT_NOFILE to 64K by default | |
1304 | (but not for its children which will stay at the kernel | |
1305 | default). This should allow setups with a lot more listening | |
1306 | sockets. | |
1307 | ||
1308 | * systemd will now always pass the configured timezone to the | |
1309 | kernel at boot. timedated will do the same when the timezone | |
1310 | is changed. | |
1311 | ||
1312 | * logind's inhibition logic has been updated. By default, | |
1313 | logind will now handle the lid switch, the power and sleep | |
1314 | keys all the time, even in graphical sessions. If DEs want | |
1315 | to handle these events on their own they should take the new | |
1316 | handle-power-key, handle-sleep-key and handle-lid-switch | |
1317 | inhibitors during their runtime. A simple way to achiveve | |
1318 | that is to invoke the DE wrapped in an invocation of: | |
1319 | ||
1320 | systemd-inhibit --what=handle-power-key:handle-sleep-key:handle-lid-switch ... | |
1321 | ||
1322 | * Access to unit operations is now checked via SELinux taking | |
1323 | the unit file label and client process label into account. | |
1324 | ||
aad803af LP |
1325 | * systemd will now notify the administrator in the journal |
1326 | when he over-mounts a non-empty directory. | |
1327 | ||
1328 | * There are new specifiers that are resolved in unit files, | |
1329 | for the host name (%H), the machine ID (%m) and the boot ID | |
1330 | (%b). | |
1331 | ||
b6a86739 | 1332 | Contributions from: Allin Cottrell, Auke Kok, Brandon Philips, |
0c11f949 LP |
1333 | Colin Guthrie, Colin Walters, Daniel J Walsh, Dave Reisner, |
1334 | Eelco Dolstra, Jan Engelhardt, Kay Sievers, Lennart | |
1335 | Poettering, Lucas De Marchi, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas, | |
1336 | Martin Pitt, Matthias Clasen, Michael Olbrich, Pierre Schmitz, | |
1337 | Shawn Landden, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tom Gundersen, | |
1338 | Václav Pavlín, Yin Kangkai, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
1339 | ||
38a60d71 LP |
1340 | CHANGES WITH 189: |
1341 | ||
1342 | * Support for reading structured kernel messages from | |
1343 | /dev/kmsg has now been added and is enabled by default. | |
1344 | ||
1345 | * Support for reading kernel messages from /proc/kmsg has now | |
1346 | been removed. If you want kernel messages in the journal | |
1347 | make sure to run a recent kernel (>= 3.5) that supports | |
1348 | reading structured messages from /dev/kmsg (see | |
1349 | above). /proc/kmsg is now exclusive property of classic | |
1350 | syslog daemons again. | |
1351 | ||
1352 | * The libudev API gained the new | |
1353 | udev_device_new_from_device_id() call. | |
1354 | ||
1355 | * The logic for file system namespace (ReadOnlyDirectory=, | |
1356 | ReadWriteDirectoy=, PrivateTmp=) has been reworked not to | |
1357 | require pivot_root() anymore. This means fewer temporary | |
1358 | directories are created below /tmp for this feature. | |
1359 | ||
1360 | * nspawn containers will now see and receive all submounts | |
1361 | made on the host OS below the root file system of the | |
1362 | container. | |
1363 | ||
1364 | * Forward Secure Sealing is now supported for Journal files, | |
1365 | which provide cryptographical sealing of journal files so | |
1366 | that attackers cannot alter log history anymore without this | |
1367 | being detectable. Lennart will soon post a blog story about | |
1368 | this explaining it in more detail. | |
1369 | ||
1370 | * There are two new service settings RestartPreventExitStatus= | |
1371 | and SuccessExitStatus= which allow configuration of exit | |
1372 | status (exit code or signal) which will be excepted from the | |
1373 | restart logic, resp. consider successful. | |
1374 | ||
1375 | * journalctl gained the new --verify switch that can be used | |
1376 | to check the integrity of the structure of journal files and | |
1377 | (if Forward Secure Sealing is enabled) the contents of | |
1378 | journal files. | |
1379 | ||
1380 | * nspawn containers will now be run with /dev/stdin, /dev/fd/ | |
1381 | and similar symlinks pre-created. This makes running shells | |
1382 | as container init process a lot more fun. | |
1383 | ||
1384 | * The fstab support can now handle PARTUUID= and PARTLABEL= | |
1385 | entries. | |
1386 | ||
1387 | * A new ConditionHost= condition has been added to match | |
1388 | against the hostname (with globs) and machine ID. This is | |
1389 | useful for clusters where a single OS image is used to | |
1390 | provision a large number of hosts which shall run slightly | |
1391 | different sets of services. | |
1392 | ||
1393 | * Services which hit the restart limit will now be placed in a | |
1394 | failure state. | |
1395 | ||
b6a86739 | 1396 | Contributions from: Bertram Poettering, Dave Reisner, Huang |
38a60d71 LP |
1397 | Hang, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Martin |
1398 | Pitt, Simon Peeters, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
1399 | ||
c269cec3 LP |
1400 | CHANGES WITH 188: |
1401 | ||
1402 | * When running in --user mode systemd will now become a | |
1403 | subreaper (PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER). This should make the ps | |
1404 | tree a lot more organized. | |
1405 | ||
1406 | * A new PartOf= unit dependency type has been introduced that | |
1407 | may be used to group services in a natural way. | |
1408 | ||
1409 | * "systemctl enable" may now be used to enable instances of | |
1410 | services. | |
1411 | ||
1412 | * journalctl now prints error log levels in red, and | |
1413 | warning/notice log levels in bright white. It also supports | |
1414 | filtering by log level now. | |
1415 | ||
1416 | * cgtop gained a new -n switch (similar to top), to configure | |
1417 | the maximum number of iterations to run for. It also gained | |
1418 | -b, to run in batch mode (accepting no input). | |
1419 | ||
ab06eef8 | 1420 | * The suffix ".service" may now be omitted on most systemctl |
c269cec3 LP |
1421 | command lines involving service unit names. |
1422 | ||
1423 | * There's a new bus call in logind to lock all sessions, as | |
1424 | well as a loginctl verb for it "lock-sessions". | |
1425 | ||
1426 | * libsystemd-logind.so gained a new call sd_journal_perror() | |
1427 | that works similar to libc perror() but logs to the journal | |
1428 | and encodes structured information about the error number. | |
1429 | ||
1430 | * /etc/crypttab entries now understand the new keyfile-size= | |
1431 | option. | |
1432 | ||
1433 | * shutdown(8) now can send a (configurable) wall message when | |
1434 | a shutdown is cancelled. | |
1435 | ||
1436 | * The mount propagation mode for the root file system will now | |
1437 | default to "shared", which is useful to make containers work | |
1438 | nicely out-of-the-box so that they receive new mounts from | |
1439 | the host. This can be undone locally by running "mount | |
1440 | --make-rprivate /" if needed. | |
1441 | ||
1442 | * The prefdm.service file has been removed. Distributions | |
1443 | should maintain this unit downstream if they intend to keep | |
1444 | it around. However, we recommend writing normal unit files | |
1445 | for display managers instead. | |
1446 | ||
1447 | * Since systemd is a crucial part of the OS we will now | |
1448 | default to a number of compiler switches that improve | |
1449 | security (hardening) such as read-only relocations, stack | |
1450 | protection, and suchlike. | |
1451 | ||
1452 | * The TimeoutSec= setting for services is now split into | |
1453 | TimeoutStartSec= and TimeoutStopSec= to allow configuration | |
1454 | of individual time outs for the start and the stop phase of | |
1455 | the service. | |
1456 | ||
1457 | Contributions from: Artur Zaprzala, Arvydas Sidorenko, Auke | |
1458 | Kok, Bryan Kadzban, Dave Reisner, David Strauss, Harald Hoyer, | |
1459 | Jim Meyering, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Mantas | |
1460 | Mikulėnas, Martin Pitt, Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Peter | |
1461 | Alfredsen, Shawn Landden, Simon Peeters, Terence Honles, Tom | |
1462 | Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
1463 | ||
c4f1b862 LP |
1464 | CHANGES WITH 187: |
1465 | ||
1466 | * The journal and id128 C APIs are now fully documented as man | |
1467 | pages. | |
1468 | ||
1469 | * Extra safety checks have been added when transitioning from | |
1470 | the initial RAM disk to the main system to avoid accidental | |
1471 | data loss. | |
1472 | ||
c269cec3 | 1473 | * /etc/crypttab entries now understand the new keyfile-offset= |
c4f1b862 LP |
1474 | option. |
1475 | ||
1476 | * systemctl -t can now be used to filter by unit load state. | |
1477 | ||
1478 | * The journal C API gained the new sd_journal_wait() call to | |
1479 | make writing synchronous journal clients easier. | |
1480 | ||
1481 | * journalctl gained the new -D switch to show journals from a | |
1482 | specific directory. | |
1483 | ||
1484 | * journalctl now displays a special marker between log | |
1485 | messages of two different boots. | |
1486 | ||
1487 | * The journal is now explicitly flushed to /var via a service | |
1488 | systemd-journal-flush.service, rather than implicitly simply | |
1489 | by seeing /var/log/journal to be writable. | |
1490 | ||
1491 | * journalctl (and the journal C APIs) can now match for much | |
1492 | more complex expressions, with alternatives and | |
1493 | disjunctions. | |
1494 | ||
1495 | * When transitioning from the initial RAM disk to the main | |
1496 | system we will now kill all processes in a killing spree to | |
1497 | ensure no processes stay around by accident. | |
1498 | ||
1499 | * Three new specifiers may be used in unit files: %u, %h, %s | |
1500 | resolve to the user name, user home directory resp. user | |
1501 | shell. This is useful for running systemd user instances. | |
1502 | ||
1503 | * We now automatically rotate journal files if their data | |
1504 | object hash table gets a fill level > 75%. We also size the | |
1505 | hash table based on the configured maximum file size. This | |
1506 | together should lower hash collisions drastically and thus | |
1507 | speed things up a bit. | |
1508 | ||
1509 | * journalctl gained the new "--header" switch to introspect | |
1510 | header data of journal files. | |
1511 | ||
1512 | * A new setting SystemCallFilters= has been added to services | |
1513 | which may be used to apply blacklists or whitelists to | |
1514 | system calls. This is based on SECCOMP Mode 2 of Linux 3.5. | |
1515 | ||
1516 | * nspawn gained a new --link-journal= switch (and quicker: -j) | |
1517 | to link the container journal with the host. This makes it | |
1518 | very easy to centralize log viewing on the host for all | |
1519 | guests while still keeping the journal files separated. | |
1520 | ||
1521 | * Many bugfixes and optimizations | |
1522 | ||
1523 | Contributions from: Auke Kok, Eelco Dolstra, Harald Hoyer, Kay | |
1524 | Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Malte Starostik, Paul Menzel, Rex | |
1525 | Tsai, Shawn Landden, Tom Gundersen, Ville Skyttä, Zbigniew | |
1526 | Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
1527 | ||
b5b4c94a LP |
1528 | CHANGES WITH 186: |
1529 | ||
1530 | * Several tools now understand kernel command line arguments, | |
1531 | which are only read when run in an initial RAM disk. They | |
1532 | usually follow closely their normal counterparts, but are | |
1533 | prefixed with rd. | |
1534 | ||
1535 | * There's a new tool to analyze the readahead files that are | |
1536 | automatically generated at boot. Use: | |
1537 | ||
1538 | /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-readahead analyze /.readahead | |
1539 | ||
1540 | * We now provide an early debug shell on tty9 if this enabled. Use: | |
1541 | ||
d1f9edaf | 1542 | systemctl enable debug-shell.service |
b5b4c94a LP |
1543 | |
1544 | * All plymouth related units have been moved into the Plymouth | |
1545 | package. Please make sure to upgrade your Plymouth version | |
1546 | as well. | |
1547 | ||
1548 | * systemd-tmpfiles now supports getting passed the basename of | |
1549 | a configuration file only, in which case it will look for it | |
1550 | in all appropriate directories automatically. | |
1551 | ||
1552 | * udevadm info now takes a /dev or /sys path as argument, and | |
1553 | does the right thing. Example: | |
1554 | ||
1555 | udevadm info /dev/sda | |
1556 | udevadm info /sys/class/block/sda | |
1557 | ||
1558 | * systemctl now prints a warning if a unit is stopped but a | |
1559 | unit that might trigger it continues to run. Example: a | |
1560 | service is stopped but the socket that activates it is left | |
1561 | running. | |
1562 | ||
1563 | * "systemctl status" will now mention if the log output was | |
1564 | shortened due to rotation since a service has been started. | |
1565 | ||
1566 | * The journal API now exposes functions to determine the | |
1567 | "cutoff" times due to rotation. | |
1568 | ||
1569 | * journald now understands SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2 for triggering | |
1570 | immediately flushing of runtime logs to /var if possible, | |
1571 | resp. for triggering immediate rotation of the journal | |
1572 | files. | |
1573 | ||
1574 | * It is now considered an error if a service is attempted to | |
1575 | be stopped that is not loaded. | |
1576 | ||
1577 | * XDG_RUNTIME_DIR now uses numeric UIDs instead of usernames. | |
1578 | ||
1579 | * systemd-analyze now supports Python 3 | |
1580 | ||
1581 | * tmpfiles now supports cleaning up directories via aging | |
1582 | where the first level dirs are always kept around but | |
1583 | directories beneath it automatically aged. This is enabled | |
1584 | by prefixing the age field with '~'. | |
1585 | ||
1586 | * Seat objects now expose CanGraphical, CanTTY properties | |
1587 | which is required to deal with very fast bootups where the | |
1588 | display manager might be running before the graphics drivers | |
1589 | completed initialization. | |
1590 | ||
1591 | * Seat objects now expose a State property. | |
1592 | ||
1593 | * We now include RPM macros for service enabling/disabling | |
1594 | based on the preset logic. We recommend RPM based | |
1595 | distributions to make use of these macros if possible. This | |
1596 | makes it simpler to reuse RPM spec files across | |
1597 | distributions. | |
1598 | ||
1599 | * We now make sure that the collected systemd unit name is | |
1600 | always valid when services log to the journal via | |
1601 | STDOUT/STDERR. | |
1602 | ||
1603 | * There's a new man page kernel-command-line(7) detailing all | |
1604 | command line options we understand. | |
1605 | ||
1606 | * The fstab generator may now be disabled at boot by passing | |
1607 | fstab=0 on the kernel command line. | |
1608 | ||
91ac7425 | 1609 | * A new kernel command line option modules-load= is now understood |
b5b4c94a LP |
1610 | to load a specific kernel module statically, early at boot. |
1611 | ||
1612 | * Unit names specified on the systemctl command line are now | |
1613 | automatically escaped as needed. Also, if file system or | |
1614 | device paths are specified they are automatically turned | |
1615 | into the appropriate mount or device unit names. Example: | |
1616 | ||
1617 | systemctl status /home | |
1618 | systemctl status /dev/sda | |
1619 | ||
1620 | * The SysVConsole= configuration option has been removed from | |
1621 | system.conf parsing. | |
1622 | ||
1623 | * The SysV search path is no longer exported on the D-Bus | |
1624 | Manager object. | |
1625 | ||
1626 | * The Names= option is been removed from unit file parsing. | |
1627 | ||
1628 | * There's a new man page bootup(7) detailing the boot process. | |
1629 | ||
1630 | * Every unit and every generator we ship with systemd now | |
1631 | comes with full documentation. The self-explanatory boot is | |
1632 | complete. | |
1633 | ||
1634 | * A couple of services gained "systemd-" prefixes in their | |
1635 | name if they wrap systemd code, rather than only external | |
1636 | code. Among them fsck@.service which is now | |
1637 | systemd-fsck@.service. | |
1638 | ||
1639 | * The HaveWatchdog property has been removed from the D-Bus | |
1640 | Manager object. | |
1641 | ||
1642 | * systemd.confirm_spawn= on the kernel command line should now | |
1643 | work sensibly. | |
1644 | ||
1645 | * There's a new man page crypttab(5) which details all options | |
1646 | we actually understand. | |
1647 | ||
1648 | * systemd-nspawn gained a new --capability= switch to pass | |
1649 | additional capabilities to the container. | |
1650 | ||
1651 | * timedated will now read known NTP implementation unit names | |
5b00c016 | 1652 | from /usr/lib/systemd/ntp-units.d/*.list, |
b5b4c94a LP |
1653 | systemd-timedated-ntp.target has been removed. |
1654 | ||
1655 | * journalctl gained a new switch "-b" that lists log data of | |
1656 | the current boot only. | |
1657 | ||
1658 | * The notify socket is in the abstract namespace again, in | |
1659 | order to support daemons which chroot() at start-up. | |
1660 | ||
1661 | * There is a new Storage= configuration option for journald | |
1662 | which allows configuration of where log data should go. This | |
1663 | also provides a way to disable journal logging entirely, so | |
1664 | that data collected is only forwarded to the console, the | |
1665 | kernel log buffer or another syslog implementation. | |
1666 | ||
c4f1b862 | 1667 | * Many bugfixes and optimizations |
b5b4c94a | 1668 | |
2d938ac7 LP |
1669 | Contributions from: Auke Kok, Colin Guthrie, Dave Reisner, |
1670 | David Strauss, Eelco Dolstra, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, | |
1671 | Lukas Nykryn, Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Paul Menzel, | |
1672 | Shawn Landden, Tom Gundersen | |
b5b4c94a | 1673 | |
2d197285 | 1674 | CHANGES WITH 185: |
b6a86739 | 1675 | |
2d197285 KS |
1676 | * "systemctl help <unit>" now shows the man page if one is |
1677 | available. | |
1678 | ||
1679 | * Several new man pages have been added. | |
1680 | ||
b5b4c94a LP |
1681 | * MaxLevelStore=, MaxLevelSyslog=, MaxLevelKMsg=, |
1682 | MaxLevelConsole= can now be specified in | |
1683 | journald.conf. These options allow reducing the amount of | |
1684 | data stored on disk or forwarded by the log level. | |
2d197285 | 1685 | |
b5b4c94a LP |
1686 | * TimerSlackNSec= can now be specified in system.conf for |
1687 | PID1. This allows system-wide power savings. | |
2d197285 KS |
1688 | |
1689 | Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Kay Sievers, Lauri Kasanen, | |
1690 | Lennart Poettering, Malte Starostik, Marc-Antoine Perennou, | |
1691 | Matthias Clasen | |
1692 | ||
4c8cd173 | 1693 | CHANGES WITH 184: |
b6a86739 | 1694 | |
4c8cd173 LP |
1695 | * logind is now capable of (optionally) handling power and |
1696 | sleep keys as well as the lid switch. | |
1697 | ||
1698 | * journalctl now understands the syntax "journalctl | |
1699 | /usr/bin/avahi-daemon" to get all log output of a specific | |
1700 | daemon. | |
1701 | ||
1702 | * CapabilityBoundingSet= in system.conf now also influences | |
1703 | the capability bound set of usermode helpers of the kernel. | |
1704 | ||
1705 | Contributions from: Daniel Drake, Daniel J. Walsh, Gert | |
1706 | Michael Kulyk, Harald Hoyer, Jean Delvare, Kay Sievers, | |
1707 | Lennart Poettering, Matthew Garrett, Matthias Clasen, Paul | |
1708 | Menzel, Shawn Landden, Tero Roponen, Tom Gundersen | |
1709 | ||
ea5943d3 | 1710 | CHANGES WITH 183: |
b6a86739 | 1711 | |
187076d4 LP |
1712 | * Note that we skipped 139 releases here in order to set the |
1713 | new version to something that is greater than both udev's | |
1714 | and systemd's most recent version number. | |
1715 | ||
194bbe33 KS |
1716 | * udev: all udev sources are merged into the systemd source tree now. |
1717 | All future udev development will happen in the systemd tree. It | |
1718 | is still fully supported to use the udev daemon and tools without | |
1719 | systemd running, like in initramfs or other init systems. Building | |
1720 | udev though, will require the *build* of the systemd tree, but | |
ea5943d3 | 1721 | udev can be properly *run* without systemd. |
07cd4fc1 | 1722 | |
91cf7e5c | 1723 | * udev: /lib/udev/devices/ are not read anymore; systemd-tmpfiles |
f13b388f KS |
1724 | should be used to create dead device nodes as workarounds for broken |
1725 | subsystems. | |
64661ee7 | 1726 | |
2d13da88 KS |
1727 | * udev: RUN+="socket:..." and udev_monitor_new_from_socket() is |
1728 | no longer supported. udev_monitor_new_from_netlink() needs to be | |
1729 | used to subscribe to events. | |
1730 | ||
194bbe33 KS |
1731 | * udev: when udevd is started by systemd, processes which are left |
1732 | behind by forking them off of udev rules, are unconditionally cleaned | |
1733 | up and killed now after the event handling has finished. Services or | |
1734 | daemons must be started as systemd services. Services can be | |
ea5943d3 | 1735 | pulled-in by udev to get started, but they can no longer be directly |
194bbe33 KS |
1736 | forked by udev rules. |
1737 | ||
f13b388f KS |
1738 | * udev: the daemon binary is called systemd-udevd now and installed |
1739 | in /usr/lib/systemd/. Standalone builds or non-systemd systems need | |
1740 | to adapt to that, create symlink, or rename the binary after building | |
1741 | it. | |
1742 | ||
ea5943d3 | 1743 | * libudev no longer provides these symbols: |
c1959569 KS |
1744 | udev_monitor_from_socket() |
1745 | udev_queue_get_failed_list_entry() | |
1746 | udev_get_{dev,sys,run}_path() | |
ea5943d3 | 1747 | The versions number was bumped and symbol versioning introduced. |
c1959569 | 1748 | |
ea5943d3 | 1749 | * systemd-loginctl and systemd-journalctl have been renamed |
9ae9afce | 1750 | to loginctl and journalctl to match systemctl. |
18b754d3 KS |
1751 | |
1752 | * The config files: /etc/systemd/systemd-logind.conf and | |
1753 | /etc/systemd/systemd-journald.conf have been renamed to | |
1754 | logind.conf and journald.conf. Package updates should rename | |
1755 | the files to the new names on upgrade. | |
1756 | ||
ea5943d3 LP |
1757 | * For almost all files the license is now LGPL2.1+, changed |
1758 | from the previous GPL2.0+. Exceptions are some minor stuff | |
1759 | of udev (which will be changed to LGPL2.1 eventually, too), | |
1760 | and the MIT licensed sd-daemon.[ch] library that is suitable | |
1761 | to be used as drop-in files. | |
1762 | ||
1763 | * systemd and logind now handle system sleep states, in | |
49f43d5f | 1764 | particular suspending and hibernating. |
ea5943d3 LP |
1765 | |
1766 | * logind now implements a sleep/shutdown/idle inhibiting logic | |
1767 | suitable for a variety of uses. Soonishly Lennart will blog | |
1768 | about this in more detail. | |
1769 | ||
1770 | * var-run.mount and var-lock.mount are no longer provided | |
1771 | (which prevously bind mounted these directories to their new | |
1772 | places). Distributions which have not converted these | |
1773 | directories to symlinks should consider stealing these files | |
1774 | from git history and add them downstream. | |
1775 | ||
1776 | * We introduced the Documentation= field for units and added | |
1777 | this to all our shipped units. This is useful to make it | |
3943231c | 1778 | easier to explore the boot and the purpose of the various |
ea5943d3 LP |
1779 | units. |
1780 | ||
1781 | * All smaller setup units (such as | |
1782 | systemd-vconsole-setup.service) now detect properly if they | |
1783 | are run in a container and are skipped when | |
1784 | appropriate. This guarantees an entirely noise-free boot in | |
1785 | Linux container environments such as systemd-nspawn. | |
1786 | ||
1787 | * A framework for implementing offline system updates is now | |
1788 | integrated, for details see: | |
1789 | http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/SystemUpdates | |
1790 | ||
1791 | * A new service type Type=idle is available now which helps us | |
1792 | avoiding ugly interleaving of getty output and boot status | |
1793 | messages. | |
1794 | ||
439d6dfd LP |
1795 | * There's now a system-wide CapabilityBoundingSet= option to |
1796 | globally reduce the set of capabilities for the | |
ea5943d3 LP |
1797 | system. This is useful to drop CAP_SYS_MKNOD, CAP_SYS_RAWIO, |
1798 | CAP_NET_RAW, CAP_SYS_MODULE, CAP_SYS_TIME, CAP_SYS_PTRACE or | |
1799 | even CAP_NET_ADMIN system-wide for secure systems. | |
1800 | ||
1801 | * There are now system-wide DefaultLimitXXX= options to | |
1802 | globally change the defaults of the various resource limits | |
1803 | for all units started by PID 1. | |
1804 | ||
1805 | * Harald Hoyer's systemd test suite has been integrated into | |
1806 | systemd which allows easy testing of systemd builds in qemu | |
1807 | and nspawn. (This is really awesome! Ask us for details!) | |
1808 | ||
3943231c LP |
1809 | * The fstab parser is now implemented as generator, not inside |
1810 | of PID 1 anymore. | |
ea5943d3 LP |
1811 | |
1812 | * systemctl will now warn you if .mount units generated from | |
1813 | /etc/fstab are out of date due to changes in fstab that | |
1814 | haven't been read by systemd yet. | |
1815 | ||
1816 | * systemd is now suitable for usage in initrds. Dracut has | |
1817 | already been updated to make use of this. With this in place | |
1818 | initrds get a slight bit faster but primarily are much | |
1819 | easier to introspect and debug since "systemctl status" in | |
1820 | the host system can be used to introspect initrd services, | |
1821 | and the journal from the initrd is kept around too. | |
1822 | ||
1823 | * systemd-delta has been added, a tool to explore differences | |
1824 | between user/admin configuration and vendor defaults. | |
1825 | ||
1826 | * PrivateTmp= now affects both /tmp and /var/tmp. | |
1827 | ||
1828 | * Boot time status messages are now much prettier and feature | |
1829 | proper english language. Booting up systemd has never been | |
1830 | so sexy. | |
1831 | ||
1832 | * Read-ahead pack files now include the inode number of all | |
1833 | files to pre-cache. When the inode changes the pre-caching | |
1834 | is not attempted. This should be nicer to deal with updated | |
1835 | packages which might result in changes of read-ahead | |
1836 | patterns. | |
1837 | ||
1838 | * We now temporaritly lower the kernel's read_ahead_kb variable | |
1839 | when collecting read-ahead data to ensure the kernel's | |
1840 | built-in read-ahead does not add noise to our measurements | |
1841 | of necessary blocks to pre-cache. | |
1842 | ||
1843 | * There's now RequiresMountsFor= to add automatic dependencies | |
1844 | for all mounts necessary for a specific file system path. | |
1845 | ||
1846 | * MountAuto= and SwapAuto= have been removed from | |
1847 | system.conf. Mounting file systems at boot has to take place | |
1848 | in systemd now. | |
1849 | ||
1850 | * nspawn now learned a new switch --uuid= to set the machine | |
1851 | ID on the command line. | |
1852 | ||
f8c0a2cb | 1853 | * nspawn now learned the -b switch to automatically search |
ea5943d3 LP |
1854 | for an init system. |
1855 | ||
1856 | * vt102 is now the default TERM for serial TTYs, upgraded from | |
1857 | vt100. | |
1858 | ||
1859 | * systemd-logind now works on VT-less systems. | |
1860 | ||
1861 | * The build tree has been reorganized. The individual | |
3943231c | 1862 | components now have directories of their own. |
ea5943d3 LP |
1863 | |
1864 | * A new condition type ConditionPathIsReadWrite= is now available. | |
1865 | ||
1866 | * nspawn learned the new -C switch to create cgroups for the | |
1867 | container in other hierarchies. | |
1868 | ||
1869 | * We now have support for hardware watchdogs, configurable in | |
1870 | system.conf. | |
1871 | ||
1872 | * The scheduled shutdown logic now has a public API. | |
1873 | ||
1874 | * We now mount /tmp as tmpfs by default, but this can be | |
1875 | masked and /etc/fstab can override it. | |
1876 | ||
1877 | * Since udisks doesn't make use of /media anymore we are not | |
1878 | mounting a tmpfs on it anymore. | |
1879 | ||
1880 | * journalctl gained a new --local switch to only interleave | |
1881 | locally generated journal files. | |
1882 | ||
1883 | * We can now load the IMA policy at boot automatically. | |
1884 | ||
1885 | * The GTK tools have been split off into a systemd-ui. | |
1886 | ||
79849bf9 LP |
1887 | Contributions from: Andreas Schwab, Auke Kok, Ayan George, |
1888 | Colin Guthrie, Daniel Mack, Dave Reisner, David Ward, Elan | |
1889 | Ruusamäe, Frederic Crozat, Gergely Nagy, Guillermo Vidal, | |
1890 | Hannes Reinecke, Harald Hoyer, Javier Jardón, Kay Sievers, | |
1891 | Lennart Poettering, Lucas De Marchi, Léo Gillot-Lamure, | |
1892 | Marc-Antoine Perennou, Martin Pitt, Matthew Monaco, Maxim | |
1893 | A. Mikityanskiy, Michael Biebl, Michael Olbrich, Michal | |
1894 | Schmidt, Nis Martensen, Patrick McCarty, Roberto Sassu, Shawn | |
1895 | Landden, Sjoerd Simons, Sven Anders, Tollef Fog Heen, Tom | |
1896 | Gundersen | |
1897 | ||
16f1239e | 1898 | CHANGES WITH 44: |
b6a86739 | 1899 | |
16f1239e LP |
1900 | * This is mostly a bugfix release |
1901 | ||
1902 | * Support optional initialization of the machine ID from the | |
1903 | KVM or container configured UUID. | |
1904 | ||
1905 | * Support immediate reboots with "systemctl reboot -ff" | |
1906 | ||
1907 | * Show /etc/os-release data in systemd-analyze output | |
1908 | ||
ab06eef8 | 1909 | * Many bugfixes for the journal, including endianness fixes and |
16f1239e LP |
1910 | ensuring that disk space enforcement works |
1911 | ||
1912 | * sd-login.h is C++ comptaible again | |
1913 | ||
1914 | * Extend the /etc/os-release format on request of the Debian | |
1915 | folks | |
1916 | ||
1917 | * We now refuse non-UTF8 strings used in various configuration | |
1918 | and unit files. This is done to ensure we don't pass invalid | |
1919 | data over D-Bus or expose it elsewhere. | |
1920 | ||
1921 | * Register Mimo USB Screens as suitable for automatic seat | |
1922 | configuration | |
1923 | ||
1924 | * Read SELinux client context from journal clients in a race | |
1925 | free fashion | |
1926 | ||
1927 | * Reorder configuration file lookup order. /etc now always | |
1928 | overrides /run in order to allow the administrator to always | |
1929 | and unconditionally override vendor supplied or | |
1930 | automatically generated data. | |
1931 | ||
1932 | * The various user visible bits of the journal now have man | |
1933 | pages. We still lack man pages for the journal API calls | |
1934 | however. | |
1935 | ||
1936 | * We now ship all man pages in HTML format again in the | |
1937 | tarball. | |
1938 | ||
1939 | Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Dirk Eibach, Frederic | |
1940 | Crozat, Harald Hoyer, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Marti | |
1941 | Raudsepp, Michal Schmidt, Shawn Landden, Tero Roponen, Thierry | |
1942 | Reding | |
1943 | ||
437b7dee | 1944 | CHANGES WITH 43: |
b6a86739 | 1945 | |
437b7dee LP |
1946 | * This is mostly a bugfix release |
1947 | ||
1948 | * systems lacking /etc/os-release are no longer supported. | |
1949 | ||
1950 | * Various functionality updates to libsystemd-login.so | |
1951 | ||
1952 | * Track class of PAM logins to distuingish greeters from | |
1953 | normal user logins. | |
1954 | ||
1955 | Contributions from: Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael | |
1956 | Biebl | |
1957 | ||
204fa33c | 1958 | CHANGES WITH 42: |
b6a86739 | 1959 | |
204fa33c LP |
1960 | * This is an important bugfix release for v41. |
1961 | ||
1962 | * Building man pages is now optional which should be useful | |
1963 | for those building systemd from git but unwilling to install | |
1964 | xsltproc. | |
1965 | ||
1966 | * Watchdog support for supervising services is now usable. In | |
1967 | a future release support for hardware watchdogs | |
1968 | (i.e. /dev/watchdog) will be added building on this. | |
1969 | ||
1970 | * Service start rate limiting is now configurable and can be | |
1971 | turned off per service. When a start rate limit is hit a | |
1972 | reboot can automatically be triggered. | |
1973 | ||
1974 | * New CanReboot(), CanPowerOff() bus calls in systemd-logind. | |
1975 | ||
1976 | Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Bill Nottingham, | |
1977 | Frederic Crozat, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal | |
1978 | Schmidt, Michał Górny, Piotr Drąg | |
1979 | ||
e0d25329 | 1980 | CHANGES WITH 41: |
b6a86739 | 1981 | |
e0d25329 KS |
1982 | * The systemd binary is installed /usr/lib/systemd/systemd now; |
1983 | An existing /sbin/init symlink needs to be adapted with the | |
1984 | package update. | |
1985 | ||
b13df964 LP |
1986 | * The code that loads kernel modules has been ported to invoke |
1987 | libkmod directly, instead of modprobe. This means we do not | |
1988 | support systems with module-init-tools anymore. | |
1989 | ||
1990 | * Watchdog support is now already useful, but still not | |
1991 | complete. | |
1992 | ||
1993 | * A new kernel command line option systemd.setenv= is | |
1994 | understood to set system wide environment variables | |
1995 | dynamically at boot. | |
1996 | ||
e9c1ea9d | 1997 | * We now limit the set of capabilities of systemd-journald. |
ccd07a08 | 1998 | |
353e12c2 LP |
1999 | * We now set SIGPIPE to ignore by default, since it only is |
2000 | useful in shell pipelines, and has little use in general | |
2001 | code. This can be disabled with IgnoreSIPIPE=no in unit | |
2002 | files. | |
2003 | ||
b13df964 LP |
2004 | Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Kay Sievers, Lennart |
2005 | Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, Tom Gundersen, | |
2006 | William Douglas | |
2007 | ||
d26e4270 | 2008 | CHANGES WITH 40: |
b6a86739 | 2009 | |
d26e4270 LP |
2010 | * This is mostly a bugfix release |
2011 | ||
2012 | * We now expose the reason why a service failed in the | |
2013 | "Result" D-Bus property. | |
2014 | ||
2015 | * Rudimentary service watchdog support (will be completed over | |
2016 | the next few releases.) | |
2017 | ||
2018 | * When systemd forks off in order execute some service we will | |
2019 | now immediately changes its argv[0] to reflect which process | |
2020 | it will execute. This is useful to minimize the time window | |
2021 | with a generic argv[0], which makes bootcharts more useful | |
2022 | ||
b13df964 LP |
2023 | Contributions from: Alvaro Soliverez, Chris Paulson-Ellis, Kay |
2024 | Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, | |
2025 | Mike Kazantsev, Ray Strode | |
2026 | ||
220a21d3 | 2027 | CHANGES WITH 39: |
b6a86739 | 2028 | |
220a21d3 LP |
2029 | * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many |
2030 | bugfixes. | |
2031 | ||
2032 | * New systemd-cgtop tool to show control groups by their | |
2033 | resource usage. | |
2034 | ||
2035 | * Linking against libacl for ACLs is optional again. If | |
2036 | disabled, support tracking device access for active logins | |
2037 | goes becomes unavailable, and so does access to the user | |
2038 | journals by the respective users. | |
2039 | ||
2040 | * If a group "adm" exists, journal files are automatically | |
2041 | owned by them, thus allow members of this group full access | |
2042 | to the system journal as well as all user journals. | |
2043 | ||
2044 | * The journal now stores the SELinux context of the logging | |
2045 | client for all entries. | |
2046 | ||
2047 | * Add C++ inclusion guards to all public headers | |
2048 | ||
2049 | * New output mode "cat" in the journal to print only text | |
2050 | messages, without any meta data like date or time. | |
2051 | ||
2052 | * Include tiny X server wrapper as a temporary stop-gap to | |
2053 | teach XOrg udev display enumeration. This is used by display | |
2054 | managers such as gdm, and will go away as soon as XOrg | |
2055 | learned native udev hotplugging for display devices. | |
2056 | ||
2057 | * Add new systemd-cat tool for executing arbitrary programs | |
2058 | with STDERR/STDOUT connected to the journal. Can also act as | |
2059 | BSD logger replacement, and does so by default. | |
2060 | ||
2061 | * Optionally store all locally generated coredumps in the | |
2062 | journal along with meta data. | |
2063 | ||
2064 | * systemd-tmpfiles learnt four new commands: n, L, c, b, for | |
2065 | writing short strings to files (for usage for /sys), and for | |
2066 | creating symlinks, character and block device nodes. | |
2067 | ||
2068 | * New unit file option ControlGroupPersistent= to make cgroups | |
2069 | persistent, following the mechanisms outlined in | |
2070 | http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PaxControlGroups | |
2071 | ||
2072 | * Support multiple local RTCs in a sane way | |
2073 | ||
2074 | * No longer monopolize IO when replaying readahead data on | |
2075 | rotating disks, since we might starve non-file-system IO to | |
2076 | death, since fanotify() will not see accesses done by blkid, | |
2077 | or fsck. | |
2078 | ||
2079 | * Don't show kernel threads in systemd-cgls anymore, unless | |
2080 | requested with new -k switch. | |
2081 | ||
2082 | Contributions from: Dan Horák, Kay Sievers, Lennart | |
2083 | Poettering, Michal Schmidt | |
2084 | ||
2085 | CHANGES WITH 38: | |
b6a86739 | 2086 | |
220a21d3 LP |
2087 | * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many |
2088 | bugfixes. | |
2089 | ||
2090 | * The git repository moved to: | |
2091 | git://anongit.freedesktop.org/systemd/systemd | |
2092 | ssh://git.freedesktop.org/git/systemd/systemd | |
2093 | ||
2094 | * First release with the journal | |
2095 | http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/the-journal.html | |
2096 | ||
2097 | * The journal replaces both systemd-kmsg-syslogd and | |
2098 | systemd-stdout-bridge. | |
2099 | ||
2100 | * New sd_pid_get_unit() API call in libsystemd-logind | |
2101 | ||
2102 | * Many systemadm clean-ups | |
2103 | ||
2104 | * Introduce remote-fs-pre.target which is ordered before all | |
2105 | remote mounts and may be used to start services before all | |
2106 | remote mounts. | |
2107 | ||
2108 | * Added Mageia support | |
2109 | ||
2110 | * Add bash completion for systemd-loginctl | |
2111 | ||
2112 | * Actively monitor PID file creation for daemons which exit in | |
2113 | the parent process before having finished writing the PID | |
2114 | file in the daemon process. Daemons which do this need to be | |
2115 | fixed (i.e. PID file creation must have finished before the | |
2116 | parent exits), but we now react a bit more gracefully to them. | |
2117 | ||
2118 | * Add colourful boot output, mimicking the well-known output | |
2119 | of existing distributions. | |
2120 | ||
2121 | * New option PassCredentials= for socket units, for | |
2122 | compatibility with a recent kernel ABI breakage. | |
2123 | ||
2124 | * /etc/rc.local is now hooked in via a generator binary, and | |
2125 | thus will no longer act as synchronization point during | |
2126 | boot. | |
2127 | ||
2128 | * systemctl list-unit-files now supports --root=. | |
2129 | ||
2130 | * systemd-tmpfiles now understands two new commands: z, Z for | |
2131 | relabelling files according to the SELinux database. This is | |
2132 | useful to apply SELinux labels to specific files in /sys, | |
2133 | among other things. | |
2134 | ||
2135 | * Output of SysV services is now forwarded to both the console | |
2136 | and the journal by default, not only just the console. | |
2137 | ||
2138 | * New man pages for all APIs from libsystemd-login. | |
2139 | ||
2140 | * The build tree got reorganized and a the build system is a | |
2141 | lot more modular allowing embedded setups to specifically | |
2142 | select the components of systemd they are interested in. | |
2143 | ||
2144 | * Support for Linux systems lacking the kernel VT subsystem is | |
2145 | restored. | |
2146 | ||
2147 | * configure's --with-rootdir= got renamed to | |
2148 | --with-rootprefix= to follow the naming used by udev and | |
2149 | kmod | |
2150 | ||
2151 | * Unless specified otherwise we'll now install to /usr instead | |
2152 | of /usr/local by default. | |
2153 | ||
2154 | * Processes with '@' in argv[0][0] are now excluded from the | |
2155 | final shut-down killing spree, following the logic explained | |
2156 | in: | |
2157 | http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/RootStorageDaemons | |
2158 | ||
2159 | * All processes remaining in a service cgroup when we enter | |
2160 | the START or START_PRE states are now killed with | |
2161 | SIGKILL. That means it is no longer possible to spawn | |
2162 | background processes from ExecStart= lines (which was never | |
2163 | supported anyway, and bad style). | |
2164 | ||
2165 | * New PropagateReloadTo=/PropagateReloadFrom= options to bind | |
2166 | reloading of units together. | |
2167 | ||
4c8cd173 | 2168 | Contributions from: Bill Nottingham, Daniel J. Walsh, Dave |
220a21d3 LP |
2169 | Reisner, Dexter Morgan, Gregs Gregs, Jonathan Nieder, Kay |
2170 | Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Biebl, Michal Schmidt, | |
2171 | Michał Górny, Ran Benita, Thomas Jarosch, Tim Waugh, Tollef | |
2172 | Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek |