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test: wait for partition device rather than the whole disk
[thirdparty/systemd.git] / src / analyze / analyze-security.c
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
2
3 #include <sys/utsname.h>
4
5 #include "af-list.h"
6 #include "analyze.h"
7 #include "analyze-security.h"
8 #include "analyze-verify.h"
9 #include "bus-error.h"
10 #include "bus-locator.h"
11 #include "bus-map-properties.h"
12 #include "bus-unit-util.h"
13 #include "bus-util.h"
14 #include "copy.h"
15 #include "env-util.h"
16 #include "fd-util.h"
17 #include "fileio.h"
18 #include "format-table.h"
19 #include "in-addr-prefix-util.h"
20 #include "locale-util.h"
21 #include "macro.h"
22 #include "manager.h"
23 #include "missing_capability.h"
24 #include "missing_sched.h"
25 #include "mkdir.h"
26 #include "nulstr-util.h"
27 #include "parse-util.h"
28 #include "path-util.h"
29 #include "pretty-print.h"
30 #include "seccomp-util.h"
31 #include "service.h"
32 #include "set.h"
33 #include "stdio-util.h"
34 #include "strv.h"
35 #include "terminal-util.h"
36 #include "unit-def.h"
37 #include "unit-name.h"
38 #include "unit-serialize.h"
39
40 typedef struct SecurityInfo {
41 char *id;
42 char *type;
43 char *load_state;
44 char *fragment_path;
45 bool default_dependencies;
46
47 uint64_t ambient_capabilities;
48 uint64_t capability_bounding_set;
49
50 char *user;
51 char **supplementary_groups;
52 bool dynamic_user;
53
54 bool ip_address_deny_all;
55 bool ip_address_allow_localhost;
56 bool ip_address_allow_other;
57
58 bool ip_filters_custom_ingress;
59 bool ip_filters_custom_egress;
60
61 char *keyring_mode;
62 char *protect_proc;
63 char *proc_subset;
64 bool lock_personality;
65 bool memory_deny_write_execute;
66 bool no_new_privileges;
67 char *notify_access;
68 bool protect_hostname;
69
70 bool private_devices;
71 bool private_mounts;
72 bool private_network;
73 bool private_tmp;
74 bool private_users;
75
76 bool protect_control_groups;
77 bool protect_kernel_modules;
78 bool protect_kernel_tunables;
79 bool protect_kernel_logs;
80 bool protect_clock;
81
82 char *protect_home;
83 char *protect_system;
84
85 bool remove_ipc;
86
87 bool restrict_address_family_inet;
88 bool restrict_address_family_unix;
89 bool restrict_address_family_netlink;
90 bool restrict_address_family_packet;
91 bool restrict_address_family_other;
92
93 unsigned long long restrict_namespaces;
94 bool restrict_realtime;
95 bool restrict_suid_sgid;
96
97 char *root_directory;
98 char *root_image;
99
100 bool delegate;
101 char *device_policy;
102 char **device_allow;
103
104 Set *system_call_architectures;
105
106 bool system_call_filter_allow_list;
107 Set *system_call_filter;
108
109 mode_t _umask;
110 } SecurityInfo;
111
112 struct security_assessor {
113 const char *id;
114 const char *json_field;
115 const char *description_good;
116 const char *description_bad;
117 const char *description_na;
118 const char *url;
119 uint64_t weight;
120 uint64_t range;
121 int (*assess)(
122 const struct security_assessor *a,
123 const SecurityInfo *info,
124 const void *data,
125 uint64_t *ret_badness,
126 char **ret_description);
127 size_t offset;
128 uint64_t parameter;
129 bool default_dependencies_only;
130 };
131
132 static SecurityInfo *security_info_new(void) {
133 SecurityInfo *info = new(SecurityInfo, 1);
134 if (!info)
135 return NULL;
136
137 *info = (SecurityInfo) {
138 .default_dependencies = true,
139 .capability_bounding_set = UINT64_MAX,
140 .restrict_namespaces = UINT64_MAX,
141 ._umask = 0002,
142 };
143
144 return info;
145 }
146
147 static SecurityInfo *security_info_free(SecurityInfo *i) {
148 if (!i)
149 return NULL;
150
151 free(i->id);
152 free(i->type);
153 free(i->load_state);
154 free(i->fragment_path);
155
156 free(i->user);
157
158 free(i->protect_home);
159 free(i->protect_system);
160
161 free(i->root_directory);
162 free(i->root_image);
163
164 free(i->keyring_mode);
165 free(i->protect_proc);
166 free(i->proc_subset);
167 free(i->notify_access);
168
169 free(i->device_policy);
170 strv_free(i->device_allow);
171
172 strv_free(i->supplementary_groups);
173 set_free(i->system_call_architectures);
174 set_free(i->system_call_filter);
175
176 return mfree(i);
177 }
178
179 DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(SecurityInfo*, security_info_free);
180
181 static bool security_info_runs_privileged(const SecurityInfo *i) {
182 assert(i);
183
184 if (STRPTR_IN_SET(i->user, "0", "root"))
185 return true;
186
187 if (i->dynamic_user)
188 return false;
189
190 return isempty(i->user);
191 }
192
193 static int assess_bool(
194 const struct security_assessor *a,
195 const SecurityInfo *info,
196 const void *data,
197 uint64_t *ret_badness,
198 char **ret_description) {
199
200 const bool *b = ASSERT_PTR(data);
201
202 assert(ret_badness);
203 assert(ret_description);
204
205 *ret_badness = a->parameter ? *b : !*b;
206 *ret_description = NULL;
207
208 return 0;
209 }
210
211 static int assess_user(
212 const struct security_assessor *a,
213 const SecurityInfo *info,
214 const void *data,
215 uint64_t *ret_badness,
216 char **ret_description) {
217
218 const char *d;
219 uint64_t b;
220 int r;
221
222 assert(ret_badness);
223 assert(ret_description);
224
225 if (streq_ptr(info->user, NOBODY_USER_NAME)) {
226 d = "Service runs under as '" NOBODY_USER_NAME "' user, which should not be used for services";
227 b = 9;
228 } else if (info->dynamic_user && !STR_IN_SET(info->user, "0", "root")) {
229 d = "Service runs under a transient non-root user identity";
230 b = 0;
231 } else if (info->user && !STR_IN_SET(info->user, "0", "root", "")) {
232 d = "Service runs under a static non-root user identity";
233 b = 0;
234 } else {
235 *ret_badness = 10;
236 *ret_description = NULL;
237 return 0;
238 }
239
240 r = strdup_to(ret_description, d);
241 if (r < 0)
242 return r;
243
244 *ret_badness = b;
245 return 0;
246 }
247
248 static int assess_protect_home(
249 const struct security_assessor *a,
250 const SecurityInfo *info,
251 const void *data,
252 uint64_t *ret_badness,
253 char **ret_description) {
254
255 const char *description;
256 uint64_t badness;
257 int r;
258
259 assert(ret_badness);
260 assert(ret_description);
261
262 badness = 10;
263 description = "Service has full access to home directories";
264
265 r = parse_boolean(info->protect_home);
266 if (r < 0) {
267 if (streq_ptr(info->protect_home, "read-only")) {
268 badness = 5;
269 description = "Service has read-only access to home directories";
270 } else if (streq_ptr(info->protect_home, "tmpfs")) {
271 badness = 1;
272 description = "Service has access to fake empty home directories";
273 }
274 } else if (r > 0) {
275 badness = 0;
276 description = "Service has no access to home directories";
277 }
278
279 r = strdup_to(ret_description, description);
280 if (r < 0)
281 return r;
282
283 *ret_badness = badness;
284 return 0;
285 }
286
287 static int assess_protect_system(
288 const struct security_assessor *a,
289 const SecurityInfo *info,
290 const void *data,
291 uint64_t *ret_badness,
292 char **ret_description) {
293
294 const char *description;
295 uint64_t badness;
296 int r;
297
298 assert(ret_badness);
299 assert(ret_description);
300
301 badness = 10;
302 description = "Service has full access to the OS file hierarchy";
303
304 r = parse_boolean(info->protect_system);
305 if (r < 0) {
306 if (streq_ptr(info->protect_system, "full")) {
307 badness = 3;
308 description = "Service has very limited write access to the OS file hierarchy";
309 } else if (streq_ptr(info->protect_system, "strict")) {
310 badness = 0;
311 description = "Service has strict read-only access to the OS file hierarchy";
312 }
313 } else if (r > 0) {
314 badness = 5;
315 description = "Service has limited write access to the OS file hierarchy";
316 }
317
318 r = strdup_to(ret_description, description);
319 if (r < 0)
320 return r;
321
322 *ret_badness = badness;
323 return 0;
324 }
325
326 static int assess_root_directory(
327 const struct security_assessor *a,
328 const SecurityInfo *info,
329 const void *data,
330 uint64_t *ret_badness,
331 char **ret_description) {
332
333 assert(ret_badness);
334 assert(ret_description);
335
336 *ret_badness =
337 empty_or_root(info->root_directory) &&
338 empty_or_root(info->root_image);
339 *ret_description = NULL;
340
341 return 0;
342 }
343
344 static int assess_capability_bounding_set(
345 const struct security_assessor *a,
346 const SecurityInfo *info,
347 const void *data,
348 uint64_t *ret_badness,
349 char **ret_description) {
350
351 assert(ret_badness);
352 assert(ret_description);
353
354 *ret_badness = !!(info->capability_bounding_set & a->parameter);
355 *ret_description = NULL;
356
357 return 0;
358 }
359
360 static int assess_umask(
361 const struct security_assessor *a,
362 const SecurityInfo *info,
363 const void *data,
364 uint64_t *ret_badness,
365 char **ret_description) {
366
367 const char *d;
368 uint64_t b;
369 int r;
370
371 assert(ret_badness);
372 assert(ret_description);
373
374 if (!FLAGS_SET(info->_umask, 0002)) {
375 d = "Files created by service are world-writable by default";
376 b = 10;
377 } else if (!FLAGS_SET(info->_umask, 0004)) {
378 d = "Files created by service are world-readable by default";
379 b = 5;
380 } else if (!FLAGS_SET(info->_umask, 0020)) {
381 d = "Files created by service are group-writable by default";
382 b = 2;
383 } else if (!FLAGS_SET(info->_umask, 0040)) {
384 d = "Files created by service are group-readable by default";
385 b = 1;
386 } else {
387 d = "Files created by service are accessible only by service's own user by default";
388 b = 0;
389 }
390
391 r = strdup_to(ret_description, d);
392 if (r < 0)
393 return r;
394
395 *ret_badness = b;
396 return 0;
397 }
398
399 static int assess_keyring_mode(
400 const struct security_assessor *a,
401 const SecurityInfo *info,
402 const void *data,
403 uint64_t *ret_badness,
404 char **ret_description) {
405
406 assert(ret_badness);
407 assert(ret_description);
408
409 *ret_badness = !streq_ptr(info->keyring_mode, "private");
410 *ret_description = NULL;
411
412 return 0;
413 }
414
415 static int assess_protect_proc(
416 const struct security_assessor *a,
417 const SecurityInfo *info,
418 const void *data,
419 uint64_t *ret_badness,
420 char **ret_description) {
421
422 assert(ret_badness);
423 assert(ret_description);
424
425 if (streq_ptr(info->protect_proc, "noaccess"))
426 *ret_badness = 1;
427 else if (STRPTR_IN_SET(info->protect_proc, "invisible", "ptraceable"))
428 *ret_badness = 0;
429 else
430 *ret_badness = 3;
431
432 *ret_description = NULL;
433
434 return 0;
435 }
436
437 static int assess_proc_subset(
438 const struct security_assessor *a,
439 const SecurityInfo *info,
440 const void *data,
441 uint64_t *ret_badness,
442 char **ret_description) {
443
444 assert(ret_badness);
445 assert(ret_description);
446
447 *ret_badness = !streq_ptr(info->proc_subset, "pid");
448 *ret_description = NULL;
449
450 return 0;
451 }
452
453 static int assess_notify_access(
454 const struct security_assessor *a,
455 const SecurityInfo *info,
456 const void *data,
457 uint64_t *ret_badness,
458 char **ret_description) {
459
460 assert(ret_badness);
461 assert(ret_description);
462
463 *ret_badness = streq_ptr(info->notify_access, "all");
464 *ret_description = NULL;
465
466 return 0;
467 }
468
469 static int assess_remove_ipc(
470 const struct security_assessor *a,
471 const SecurityInfo *info,
472 const void *data,
473 uint64_t *ret_badness,
474 char **ret_description) {
475
476 assert(ret_badness);
477 assert(ret_description);
478
479 if (security_info_runs_privileged(info))
480 *ret_badness = UINT64_MAX;
481 else
482 *ret_badness = !info->remove_ipc;
483
484 *ret_description = NULL;
485 return 0;
486 }
487
488 static int assess_supplementary_groups(
489 const struct security_assessor *a,
490 const SecurityInfo *info,
491 const void *data,
492 uint64_t *ret_badness,
493 char **ret_description) {
494
495 assert(ret_badness);
496 assert(ret_description);
497
498 if (security_info_runs_privileged(info))
499 *ret_badness = UINT64_MAX;
500 else
501 *ret_badness = !strv_isempty(info->supplementary_groups);
502
503 *ret_description = NULL;
504 return 0;
505 }
506
507 static int assess_restrict_namespaces(
508 const struct security_assessor *a,
509 const SecurityInfo *info,
510 const void *data,
511 uint64_t *ret_badness,
512 char **ret_description) {
513
514 assert(ret_badness);
515 assert(ret_description);
516
517 *ret_badness = !!(info->restrict_namespaces & a->parameter);
518 *ret_description = NULL;
519
520 return 0;
521 }
522
523 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
524
525 static int assess_system_call_architectures(
526 const struct security_assessor *a,
527 const SecurityInfo *info,
528 const void *data,
529 uint64_t *ret_badness,
530 char **ret_description) {
531
532 const char *d;
533 uint64_t b;
534 int r;
535
536 assert(ret_badness);
537 assert(ret_description);
538
539 if (set_isempty(info->system_call_architectures)) {
540 b = 10;
541 d = "Service may execute system calls with all ABIs";
542 } else if (set_contains(info->system_call_architectures, "native") &&
543 set_size(info->system_call_architectures) == 1) {
544 b = 0;
545 d = "Service may execute system calls only with native ABI";
546 } else {
547 b = 8;
548 d = "Service may execute system calls with multiple ABIs";
549 }
550
551 r = strdup_to(ret_description, d);
552 if (r < 0)
553 return r;
554
555 *ret_badness = b;
556 return 0;
557 }
558
559 static bool syscall_names_in_filter(Set *s, bool allow_list, const SyscallFilterSet *f, const char **ret_offending_syscall) {
560 NULSTR_FOREACH(syscall, f->value) {
561 if (syscall[0] == '@') {
562 const SyscallFilterSet *g;
563
564 assert_se(g = syscall_filter_set_find(syscall));
565 if (syscall_names_in_filter(s, allow_list, g, ret_offending_syscall))
566 return true; /* bad! */
567
568 continue;
569 }
570
571 /* Let's see if the system call actually exists on this platform, before complaining */
572 if (seccomp_syscall_resolve_name(syscall) < 0)
573 continue;
574
575 if (set_contains(s, syscall) == allow_list) {
576 log_debug("Offending syscall filter item: %s", syscall);
577 if (ret_offending_syscall)
578 *ret_offending_syscall = syscall;
579 return true; /* bad! */
580 }
581 }
582
583 *ret_offending_syscall = NULL;
584 return false;
585 }
586
587 static int assess_system_call_filter(
588 const struct security_assessor *a,
589 const SecurityInfo *info,
590 const void *data,
591 uint64_t *ret_badness,
592 char **ret_description) {
593
594 assert(a);
595 assert(info);
596 assert(ret_badness);
597 assert(ret_description);
598
599 assert(a->parameter < _SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_MAX);
600 const SyscallFilterSet *f = syscall_filter_sets + a->parameter;
601
602 char *d;
603 uint64_t b;
604 int r;
605
606 if (!info->system_call_filter_allow_list && set_isempty(info->system_call_filter)) {
607 r = strdup_to(&d, "Service does not filter system calls");
608 b = 10;
609 } else {
610 bool bad;
611 const char *offender = NULL;
612
613 log_debug("Analyzing system call filter, checking against: %s", f->name);
614 bad = syscall_names_in_filter(info->system_call_filter, info->system_call_filter_allow_list, f, &offender);
615 log_debug("Result: %s", bad ? "bad" : "good");
616
617 if (info->system_call_filter_allow_list) {
618 if (bad) {
619 r = asprintf(&d, "System call allow list defined for service, and %s is included "
620 "(e.g. %s is allowed)",
621 f->name, offender);
622 b = 9;
623 } else {
624 r = asprintf(&d, "System call allow list defined for service, and %s is not included",
625 f->name);
626 b = 0;
627 }
628 } else {
629 if (bad) {
630 r = asprintf(&d, "System call deny list defined for service, and %s is not included "
631 "(e.g. %s is allowed)",
632 f->name, offender);
633 b = 10;
634 } else {
635 r = asprintf(&d, "System call deny list defined for service, and %s is included",
636 f->name);
637 b = 0;
638 }
639 }
640 }
641 if (r < 0)
642 return log_oom();
643
644 *ret_description = d;
645 *ret_badness = b;
646
647 return 0;
648 }
649
650 #endif
651
652 static int assess_ip_address_allow(
653 const struct security_assessor *a,
654 const SecurityInfo *info,
655 const void *data,
656 uint64_t *ret_badness,
657 char **ret_description) {
658
659 const char *d;
660 uint64_t b;
661 int r;
662
663 assert(info);
664 assert(ret_badness);
665 assert(ret_description);
666
667 if (info->ip_filters_custom_ingress || info->ip_filters_custom_egress) {
668 d = "Service defines custom ingress/egress IP filters with BPF programs";
669 b = 0;
670 } else if (!info->ip_address_deny_all) {
671 d = "Service does not define an IP address allow list";
672 b = 10;
673 } else if (info->ip_address_allow_other) {
674 d = "Service defines IP address allow list with non-localhost entries";
675 b = 5;
676 } else if (info->ip_address_allow_localhost) {
677 d = "Service defines IP address allow list with only localhost entries";
678 b = 2;
679 } else {
680 d = "Service blocks all IP address ranges";
681 b = 0;
682 }
683
684 r = strdup_to(ret_description, d);
685 if (r < 0)
686 return r;
687
688 *ret_badness = b;
689 return 0;
690 }
691
692 static int assess_device_allow(
693 const struct security_assessor *a,
694 const SecurityInfo *info,
695 const void *data,
696 uint64_t *ret_badness,
697 char **ret_description) {
698
699 char *d;
700 uint64_t b;
701
702 assert(info);
703 assert(ret_badness);
704 assert(ret_description);
705
706 if (STRPTR_IN_SET(info->device_policy, "strict", "closed")) {
707
708 if (!strv_isempty(info->device_allow)) {
709 _cleanup_free_ char *join = NULL;
710
711 join = strv_join(info->device_allow, " ");
712 if (!join)
713 return log_oom();
714
715 d = strjoin("Service has a device ACL with some special devices: ", join);
716 b = 5;
717 } else {
718 d = strdup("Service has a minimal device ACL");
719 b = 0;
720 }
721 } else {
722 d = strdup("Service has no device ACL");
723 b = 10;
724 }
725
726 if (!d)
727 return log_oom();
728
729 *ret_badness = b;
730 *ret_description = d;
731
732 return 0;
733 }
734
735 static int assess_ambient_capabilities(
736 const struct security_assessor *a,
737 const SecurityInfo *info,
738 const void *data,
739 uint64_t *ret_badness,
740 char **ret_description) {
741
742 assert(ret_badness);
743 assert(ret_description);
744
745 *ret_badness = info->ambient_capabilities != 0;
746 *ret_description = NULL;
747
748 return 0;
749 }
750
751 static const struct security_assessor security_assessor_table[] = {
752 {
753 .id = "User=/DynamicUser=",
754 .json_field = "UserOrDynamicUser",
755 .description_bad = "Service runs as root user",
756 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#User=",
757 .weight = 2000,
758 .range = 10,
759 .assess = assess_user,
760 },
761 {
762 .id = "SupplementaryGroups=",
763 .json_field = "SupplementaryGroups",
764 .description_good = "Service has no supplementary groups",
765 .description_bad = "Service runs with supplementary groups",
766 .description_na = "Service runs as root, option does not matter",
767 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SupplementaryGroups=",
768 .weight = 200,
769 .range = 1,
770 .assess = assess_supplementary_groups,
771 },
772 {
773 .id = "PrivateDevices=",
774 .json_field = "PrivateDevices",
775 .description_good = "Service has no access to hardware devices",
776 .description_bad = "Service potentially has access to hardware devices",
777 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#PrivateDevices=",
778 .weight = 1000,
779 .range = 1,
780 .assess = assess_bool,
781 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, private_devices),
782 },
783 {
784 .id = "PrivateMounts=",
785 .json_field = "PrivateMounts",
786 .description_good = "Service cannot install system mounts",
787 .description_bad = "Service may install system mounts",
788 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#PrivateMounts=",
789 .weight = 1000,
790 .range = 1,
791 .assess = assess_bool,
792 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, private_mounts),
793 },
794 {
795 .id = "PrivateNetwork=",
796 .json_field = "PrivateNetwork",
797 .description_good = "Service has no access to the host's network",
798 .description_bad = "Service has access to the host's network",
799 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#PrivateNetwork=",
800 .weight = 2500,
801 .range = 1,
802 .assess = assess_bool,
803 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, private_network),
804 },
805 {
806 .id = "PrivateTmp=",
807 .json_field = "PrivateTmp",
808 .description_good = "Service has no access to other software's temporary files",
809 .description_bad = "Service has access to other software's temporary files",
810 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#PrivateTmp=",
811 .weight = 1000,
812 .range = 1,
813 .assess = assess_bool,
814 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, private_tmp),
815 .default_dependencies_only = true,
816 },
817 {
818 .id = "PrivateUsers=",
819 .json_field = "PrivateUsers",
820 .description_good = "Service does not have access to other users",
821 .description_bad = "Service has access to other users",
822 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#PrivateUsers=",
823 .weight = 1000,
824 .range = 1,
825 .assess = assess_bool,
826 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, private_users),
827 },
828 {
829 .id = "ProtectControlGroups=",
830 .json_field = "ProtectControlGroups",
831 .description_good = "Service cannot modify the control group file system",
832 .description_bad = "Service may modify the control group file system",
833 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectControlGroups=",
834 .weight = 1000,
835 .range = 1,
836 .assess = assess_bool,
837 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_control_groups),
838 },
839 {
840 .id = "ProtectKernelModules=",
841 .json_field = "ProtectKernelModules",
842 .description_good = "Service cannot load or read kernel modules",
843 .description_bad = "Service may load or read kernel modules",
844 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectKernelModules=",
845 .weight = 1000,
846 .range = 1,
847 .assess = assess_bool,
848 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_kernel_modules),
849 },
850 {
851 .id = "ProtectKernelTunables=",
852 .json_field = "ProtectKernelTunables",
853 .description_good = "Service cannot alter kernel tunables (/proc/sys, …)",
854 .description_bad = "Service may alter kernel tunables",
855 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectKernelTunables=",
856 .weight = 1000,
857 .range = 1,
858 .assess = assess_bool,
859 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_kernel_tunables),
860 },
861 {
862 .id = "ProtectKernelLogs=",
863 .json_field = "ProtectKernelLogs",
864 .description_good = "Service cannot read from or write to the kernel log ring buffer",
865 .description_bad = "Service may read from or write to the kernel log ring buffer",
866 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectKernelLogs=",
867 .weight = 1000,
868 .range = 1,
869 .assess = assess_bool,
870 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_kernel_logs),
871 },
872 {
873 .id = "ProtectClock=",
874 .json_field = "ProtectClock",
875 .description_good = "Service cannot write to the hardware clock or system clock",
876 .description_bad = "Service may write to the hardware clock or system clock",
877 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectClock=",
878 .weight = 1000,
879 .range = 1,
880 .assess = assess_bool,
881 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_clock),
882 },
883 {
884 .id = "ProtectHome=",
885 .json_field = "ProtectHome",
886 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectHome=",
887 .weight = 1000,
888 .range = 10,
889 .assess = assess_protect_home,
890 .default_dependencies_only = true,
891 },
892 {
893 .id = "ProtectHostname=",
894 .json_field = "ProtectHostname",
895 .description_good = "Service cannot change system host/domainname",
896 .description_bad = "Service may change system host/domainname",
897 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectHostname=",
898 .weight = 50,
899 .range = 1,
900 .assess = assess_bool,
901 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_hostname),
902 },
903 {
904 .id = "ProtectSystem=",
905 .json_field = "ProtectSystem",
906 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectSystem=",
907 .weight = 1000,
908 .range = 10,
909 .assess = assess_protect_system,
910 .default_dependencies_only = true,
911 },
912 {
913 .id = "RootDirectory=/RootImage=",
914 .json_field = "RootDirectoryOrRootImage",
915 .description_good = "Service has its own root directory/image",
916 .description_bad = "Service runs within the host's root directory",
917 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RootDirectory=",
918 .weight = 200,
919 .range = 1,
920 .assess = assess_root_directory,
921 .default_dependencies_only = true,
922 },
923 {
924 .id = "LockPersonality=",
925 .json_field = "LockPersonality",
926 .description_good = "Service cannot change ABI personality",
927 .description_bad = "Service may change ABI personality",
928 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#LockPersonality=",
929 .weight = 100,
930 .range = 1,
931 .assess = assess_bool,
932 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, lock_personality),
933 },
934 {
935 .id = "MemoryDenyWriteExecute=",
936 .json_field = "MemoryDenyWriteExecute",
937 .description_good = "Service cannot create writable executable memory mappings",
938 .description_bad = "Service may create writable executable memory mappings",
939 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#MemoryDenyWriteExecute=",
940 .weight = 100,
941 .range = 1,
942 .assess = assess_bool,
943 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, memory_deny_write_execute),
944 },
945 {
946 .id = "NoNewPrivileges=",
947 .json_field = "NoNewPrivileges",
948 .description_good = "Service processes cannot acquire new privileges",
949 .description_bad = "Service processes may acquire new privileges",
950 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#NoNewPrivileges=",
951 .weight = 1000,
952 .range = 1,
953 .assess = assess_bool,
954 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, no_new_privileges),
955 },
956 {
957 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_ADMIN",
958 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_SYS_ADMIN",
959 .description_good = "Service has no administrator privileges",
960 .description_bad = "Service has administrator privileges",
961 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
962 .weight = 1500,
963 .range = 1,
964 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
965 .parameter = UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_ADMIN,
966 },
967 {
968 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SET(UID|GID|PCAP)",
969 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_SET_UID_GID_PCAP",
970 .description_good = "Service cannot change UID/GID identities/capabilities",
971 .description_bad = "Service may change UID/GID identities/capabilities",
972 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
973 .weight = 1500,
974 .range = 1,
975 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
976 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SETUID)|
977 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SETGID)|
978 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SETPCAP),
979 },
980 {
981 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_PTRACE",
982 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_SYS_PTRACE",
983 .description_good = "Service has no ptrace() debugging abilities",
984 .description_bad = "Service has ptrace() debugging abilities",
985 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
986 .weight = 1500,
987 .range = 1,
988 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
989 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_PTRACE),
990 },
991 {
992 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_TIME",
993 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_SYS_TIME",
994 .description_good = "Service processes cannot change the system clock",
995 .description_bad = "Service processes may change the system clock",
996 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
997 .weight = 1000,
998 .range = 1,
999 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1000 .parameter = UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_TIME,
1001 },
1002 {
1003 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_NET_ADMIN",
1004 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_NET_ADMIN",
1005 .description_good = "Service has no network configuration privileges",
1006 .description_bad = "Service has network configuration privileges",
1007 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1008 .weight = 1000,
1009 .range = 1,
1010 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1011 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN),
1012 },
1013 {
1014 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_RAWIO",
1015 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_SYS_RAWIO",
1016 .description_good = "Service has no raw I/O access",
1017 .description_bad = "Service has raw I/O access",
1018 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1019 .weight = 1000,
1020 .range = 1,
1021 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1022 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_RAWIO),
1023 },
1024 {
1025 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_MODULE",
1026 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_SYS_MODULE",
1027 .description_good = "Service cannot load kernel modules",
1028 .description_bad = "Service may load kernel modules",
1029 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1030 .weight = 1000,
1031 .range = 1,
1032 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1033 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_MODULE),
1034 },
1035 {
1036 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_AUDIT_*",
1037 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_AUDIT",
1038 .description_good = "Service has no audit subsystem access",
1039 .description_bad = "Service has audit subsystem access",
1040 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1041 .weight = 500,
1042 .range = 1,
1043 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1044 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL) |
1045 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_AUDIT_READ) |
1046 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_AUDIT_WRITE),
1047 },
1048 {
1049 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYSLOG",
1050 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_SYSLOG",
1051 .description_good = "Service has no access to kernel logging",
1052 .description_bad = "Service has access to kernel logging",
1053 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1054 .weight = 500,
1055 .range = 1,
1056 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1057 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYSLOG),
1058 },
1059 {
1060 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_(NICE|RESOURCE)",
1061 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_SYS_NICE_RESOURCE",
1062 .description_good = "Service has no privileges to change resource use parameters",
1063 .description_bad = "Service has privileges to change resource use parameters",
1064 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1065 .weight = 500,
1066 .range = 1,
1067 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1068 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_NICE) |
1069 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_RESOURCE),
1070 },
1071 {
1072 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_MKNOD",
1073 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_MKNOD",
1074 .description_good = "Service cannot create device nodes",
1075 .description_bad = "Service may create device nodes",
1076 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1077 .weight = 500,
1078 .range = 1,
1079 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1080 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_MKNOD),
1081 },
1082 {
1083 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_(CHOWN|FSETID|SETFCAP)",
1084 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_CHOWN_FSETID_SETFCAP",
1085 .description_good = "Service cannot change file ownership/access mode/capabilities",
1086 .description_bad = "Service may change file ownership/access mode/capabilities unrestricted",
1087 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1088 .weight = 1000,
1089 .range = 1,
1090 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1091 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_CHOWN) |
1092 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_FSETID) |
1093 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SETFCAP),
1094 },
1095 {
1096 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_(DAC_*|FOWNER|IPC_OWNER)",
1097 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_DAC_FOWNER_IPC_OWNER",
1098 .description_good = "Service cannot override UNIX file/IPC permission checks",
1099 .description_bad = "Service may override UNIX file/IPC permission checks",
1100 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1101 .weight = 1000,
1102 .range = 1,
1103 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1104 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE) |
1105 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH) |
1106 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_FOWNER) |
1107 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_IPC_OWNER),
1108 },
1109 {
1110 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_KILL",
1111 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_KILL",
1112 .description_good = "Service cannot send UNIX signals to arbitrary processes",
1113 .description_bad = "Service may send UNIX signals to arbitrary processes",
1114 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1115 .weight = 500,
1116 .range = 1,
1117 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1118 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_KILL),
1119 },
1120 {
1121 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_NET_(BIND_SERVICE|BROADCAST|RAW)",
1122 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE_BROADCAST_RAW)",
1123 .description_good = "Service has no elevated networking privileges",
1124 .description_bad = "Service has elevated networking privileges",
1125 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1126 .weight = 500,
1127 .range = 1,
1128 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1129 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE) |
1130 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_BROADCAST) |
1131 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_RAW),
1132 },
1133 {
1134 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_BOOT",
1135 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_SYS_BOOT",
1136 .description_good = "Service cannot issue reboot()",
1137 .description_bad = "Service may issue reboot()",
1138 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1139 .weight = 100,
1140 .range = 1,
1141 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1142 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_BOOT),
1143 },
1144 {
1145 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_MAC_*",
1146 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_MAC",
1147 .description_good = "Service cannot adjust SMACK MAC",
1148 .description_bad = "Service may adjust SMACK MAC",
1149 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1150 .weight = 100,
1151 .range = 1,
1152 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1153 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_MAC_ADMIN)|
1154 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_MAC_OVERRIDE),
1155 },
1156 {
1157 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE",
1158 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE",
1159 .description_good = "Service cannot mark files immutable",
1160 .description_bad = "Service may mark files immutable",
1161 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1162 .weight = 75,
1163 .range = 1,
1164 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1165 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE),
1166 },
1167 {
1168 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_IPC_LOCK",
1169 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_IPC_LOCK",
1170 .description_good = "Service cannot lock memory into RAM",
1171 .description_bad = "Service may lock memory into RAM",
1172 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1173 .weight = 50,
1174 .range = 1,
1175 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1176 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_IPC_LOCK),
1177 },
1178 {
1179 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_CHROOT",
1180 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_SYS_CHROOT",
1181 .description_good = "Service cannot issue chroot()",
1182 .description_bad = "Service may issue chroot()",
1183 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1184 .weight = 50,
1185 .range = 1,
1186 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1187 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_CHROOT),
1188 },
1189 {
1190 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_BLOCK_SUSPEND",
1191 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_BLOCK_SUSPEND",
1192 .description_good = "Service cannot establish wake locks",
1193 .description_bad = "Service may establish wake locks",
1194 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1195 .weight = 25,
1196 .range = 1,
1197 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1198 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_BLOCK_SUSPEND),
1199 },
1200 {
1201 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_WAKE_ALARM",
1202 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_WAKE_ALARM",
1203 .description_good = "Service cannot program timers that wake up the system",
1204 .description_bad = "Service may program timers that wake up the system",
1205 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1206 .weight = 25,
1207 .range = 1,
1208 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1209 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_WAKE_ALARM),
1210 },
1211 {
1212 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_LEASE",
1213 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_LEASE",
1214 .description_good = "Service cannot create file leases",
1215 .description_bad = "Service may create file leases",
1216 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1217 .weight = 25,
1218 .range = 1,
1219 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1220 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_LEASE),
1221 },
1222 {
1223 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG",
1224 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG",
1225 .description_good = "Service cannot issue vhangup()",
1226 .description_bad = "Service may issue vhangup()",
1227 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1228 .weight = 25,
1229 .range = 1,
1230 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1231 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG),
1232 },
1233 {
1234 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_PACCT",
1235 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_SYS_PACCT",
1236 .description_good = "Service cannot use acct()",
1237 .description_bad = "Service may use acct()",
1238 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1239 .weight = 25,
1240 .range = 1,
1241 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1242 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_PACCT),
1243 },
1244 {
1245 .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_BPF",
1246 .json_field = "CapabilityBoundingSet_CAP_BPF",
1247 .description_good = "Service may load BPF programs",
1248 .description_bad = "Service may not load BPF programs",
1249 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
1250 .weight = 25,
1251 .range = 1,
1252 .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
1253 .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_BPF),
1254 },
1255 {
1256 .id = "UMask=",
1257 .json_field = "UMask",
1258 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#UMask=",
1259 .weight = 100,
1260 .range = 10,
1261 .assess = assess_umask,
1262 },
1263 {
1264 .id = "KeyringMode=",
1265 .json_field = "KeyringMode",
1266 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#KeyringMode=",
1267 .description_good = "Service doesn't share key material with other services",
1268 .description_bad = "Service shares key material with other service",
1269 .weight = 1000,
1270 .range = 1,
1271 .assess = assess_keyring_mode,
1272 },
1273 {
1274 .id = "ProtectProc=",
1275 .json_field = "ProtectProc",
1276 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectProc=",
1277 .description_good = "Service has restricted access to process tree (/proc hidepid=)",
1278 .description_bad = "Service has full access to process tree (/proc hidepid=)",
1279 .weight = 1000,
1280 .range = 3,
1281 .assess = assess_protect_proc,
1282 },
1283 {
1284 .id = "ProcSubset=",
1285 .json_field = "ProcSubset",
1286 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProcSubset=",
1287 .description_good = "Service has no access to non-process /proc files (/proc subset=)",
1288 .description_bad = "Service has full access to non-process /proc files (/proc subset=)",
1289 .weight = 10,
1290 .range = 1,
1291 .assess = assess_proc_subset,
1292 },
1293 {
1294 .id = "NotifyAccess=",
1295 .json_field = "NotifyAccess",
1296 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#NotifyAccess=",
1297 .description_good = "Service child processes cannot alter service state",
1298 .description_bad = "Service child processes may alter service state",
1299 .weight = 1000,
1300 .range = 1,
1301 .assess = assess_notify_access,
1302 },
1303 {
1304 .id = "RemoveIPC=",
1305 .json_field = "RemoveIPC",
1306 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RemoveIPC=",
1307 .description_good = "Service user cannot leave SysV IPC objects around",
1308 .description_bad = "Service user may leave SysV IPC objects around",
1309 .description_na = "Service runs as root, option does not apply",
1310 .weight = 100,
1311 .range = 1,
1312 .assess = assess_remove_ipc,
1313 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, remove_ipc),
1314 },
1315 {
1316 .id = "Delegate=",
1317 .json_field = "Delegate",
1318 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#Delegate=",
1319 .description_good = "Service does not maintain its own delegated control group subtree",
1320 .description_bad = "Service maintains its own delegated control group subtree",
1321 .weight = 100,
1322 .range = 1,
1323 .assess = assess_bool,
1324 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, delegate),
1325 .parameter = true, /* invert! */
1326 },
1327 {
1328 .id = "RestrictRealtime=",
1329 .json_field = "RestrictRealtime",
1330 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictRealtime=",
1331 .description_good = "Service realtime scheduling access is restricted",
1332 .description_bad = "Service may acquire realtime scheduling",
1333 .weight = 500,
1334 .range = 1,
1335 .assess = assess_bool,
1336 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, restrict_realtime),
1337 },
1338 {
1339 .id = "RestrictSUIDSGID=",
1340 .json_field = "RestrictSUIDSGID",
1341 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictSUIDSGID=",
1342 .description_good = "SUID/SGID file creation by service is restricted",
1343 .description_bad = "Service may create SUID/SGID files",
1344 .weight = 1000,
1345 .range = 1,
1346 .assess = assess_bool,
1347 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, restrict_suid_sgid),
1348 },
1349 {
1350 .id = "RestrictNamespaces=~user",
1351 .json_field = "RestrictNamespaces_user",
1352 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictNamespaces=",
1353 .description_good = "Service cannot create user namespaces",
1354 .description_bad = "Service may create user namespaces",
1355 .weight = 1500,
1356 .range = 1,
1357 .assess = assess_restrict_namespaces,
1358 .parameter = CLONE_NEWUSER,
1359 },
1360 {
1361 .id = "RestrictNamespaces=~mnt",
1362 .json_field = "RestrictNamespaces_mnt",
1363 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictNamespaces=",
1364 .description_good = "Service cannot create file system namespaces",
1365 .description_bad = "Service may create file system namespaces",
1366 .weight = 500,
1367 .range = 1,
1368 .assess = assess_restrict_namespaces,
1369 .parameter = CLONE_NEWNS,
1370 },
1371 {
1372 .id = "RestrictNamespaces=~ipc",
1373 .json_field = "RestrictNamespaces_ipc",
1374 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictNamespaces=",
1375 .description_good = "Service cannot create IPC namespaces",
1376 .description_bad = "Service may create IPC namespaces",
1377 .weight = 500,
1378 .range = 1,
1379 .assess = assess_restrict_namespaces,
1380 .parameter = CLONE_NEWIPC,
1381 },
1382 {
1383 .id = "RestrictNamespaces=~pid",
1384 .json_field = "RestrictNamespaces_pid",
1385 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictNamespaces=",
1386 .description_good = "Service cannot create process namespaces",
1387 .description_bad = "Service may create process namespaces",
1388 .weight = 500,
1389 .range = 1,
1390 .assess = assess_restrict_namespaces,
1391 .parameter = CLONE_NEWPID,
1392 },
1393 {
1394 .id = "RestrictNamespaces=~cgroup",
1395 .json_field = "RestrictNamespaces_cgroup",
1396 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictNamespaces=",
1397 .description_good = "Service cannot create cgroup namespaces",
1398 .description_bad = "Service may create cgroup namespaces",
1399 .weight = 500,
1400 .range = 1,
1401 .assess = assess_restrict_namespaces,
1402 .parameter = CLONE_NEWCGROUP,
1403 },
1404 {
1405 .id = "RestrictNamespaces=~net",
1406 .json_field = "RestrictNamespaces_net",
1407 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictNamespaces=",
1408 .description_good = "Service cannot create network namespaces",
1409 .description_bad = "Service may create network namespaces",
1410 .weight = 500,
1411 .range = 1,
1412 .assess = assess_restrict_namespaces,
1413 .parameter = CLONE_NEWNET,
1414 },
1415 {
1416 .id = "RestrictNamespaces=~uts",
1417 .json_field = "RestrictNamespaces_uts",
1418 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictNamespaces=",
1419 .description_good = "Service cannot create hostname namespaces",
1420 .description_bad = "Service may create hostname namespaces",
1421 .weight = 100,
1422 .range = 1,
1423 .assess = assess_restrict_namespaces,
1424 .parameter = CLONE_NEWUTS,
1425 },
1426 {
1427 .id = "RestrictAddressFamilies=~AF_(INET|INET6)",
1428 .json_field = "RestrictAddressFamilies_AF_INET_INET6",
1429 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictAddressFamilies=",
1430 .description_good = "Service cannot allocate Internet sockets",
1431 .description_bad = "Service may allocate Internet sockets",
1432 .weight = 1500,
1433 .range = 1,
1434 .assess = assess_bool,
1435 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, restrict_address_family_inet),
1436 },
1437 {
1438 .id = "RestrictAddressFamilies=~AF_UNIX",
1439 .json_field = "RestrictAddressFamilies_AF_UNIX",
1440 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictAddressFamilies=",
1441 .description_good = "Service cannot allocate local sockets",
1442 .description_bad = "Service may allocate local sockets",
1443 .weight = 25,
1444 .range = 1,
1445 .assess = assess_bool,
1446 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, restrict_address_family_unix),
1447 },
1448 {
1449 .id = "RestrictAddressFamilies=~AF_NETLINK",
1450 .json_field = "RestrictAddressFamilies_AF_NETLINK",
1451 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictAddressFamilies=",
1452 .description_good = "Service cannot allocate netlink sockets",
1453 .description_bad = "Service may allocate netlink sockets",
1454 .weight = 200,
1455 .range = 1,
1456 .assess = assess_bool,
1457 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, restrict_address_family_netlink),
1458 },
1459 {
1460 .id = "RestrictAddressFamilies=~AF_PACKET",
1461 .json_field = "RestrictAddressFamilies_AF_PACKET",
1462 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictAddressFamilies=",
1463 .description_good = "Service cannot allocate packet sockets",
1464 .description_bad = "Service may allocate packet sockets",
1465 .weight = 1000,
1466 .range = 1,
1467 .assess = assess_bool,
1468 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, restrict_address_family_packet),
1469 },
1470 {
1471 .id = "RestrictAddressFamilies=~…",
1472 .json_field = "RestrictAddressFamilies_OTHER",
1473 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictAddressFamilies=",
1474 .description_good = "Service cannot allocate exotic sockets",
1475 .description_bad = "Service may allocate exotic sockets",
1476 .weight = 1250,
1477 .range = 1,
1478 .assess = assess_bool,
1479 .offset = offsetof(SecurityInfo, restrict_address_family_other),
1480 },
1481 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
1482 {
1483 .id = "SystemCallArchitectures=",
1484 .json_field = "SystemCallArchitectures",
1485 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallArchitectures=",
1486 .weight = 1000,
1487 .range = 10,
1488 .assess = assess_system_call_architectures,
1489 },
1490 {
1491 .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@swap",
1492 .json_field = "SystemCallFilter_swap",
1493 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
1494 .weight = 1000,
1495 .range = 10,
1496 .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
1497 .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_SWAP,
1498 },
1499 {
1500 .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@obsolete",
1501 .json_field = "SystemCallFilter_obsolete",
1502 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
1503 .weight = 250,
1504 .range = 10,
1505 .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
1506 .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_OBSOLETE,
1507 },
1508 {
1509 .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@clock",
1510 .json_field = "SystemCallFilter_clock",
1511 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
1512 .weight = 1000,
1513 .range = 10,
1514 .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
1515 .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_CLOCK,
1516 },
1517 {
1518 .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@cpu-emulation",
1519 .json_field = "SystemCallFilter_cpu_emulation",
1520 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
1521 .weight = 250,
1522 .range = 10,
1523 .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
1524 .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_CPU_EMULATION,
1525 },
1526 {
1527 .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@debug",
1528 .json_field = "SystemCallFilter_debug",
1529 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
1530 .weight = 1000,
1531 .range = 10,
1532 .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
1533 .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_DEBUG,
1534 },
1535 {
1536 .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@mount",
1537 .json_field = "SystemCallFilter_mount",
1538 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
1539 .weight = 1000,
1540 .range = 10,
1541 .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
1542 .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_MOUNT,
1543 },
1544 {
1545 .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@module",
1546 .json_field = "SystemCallFilter_module",
1547 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
1548 .weight = 1000,
1549 .range = 10,
1550 .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
1551 .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_MODULE,
1552 },
1553 {
1554 .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@raw-io",
1555 .json_field = "SystemCallFilter_raw_io",
1556 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
1557 .weight = 1000,
1558 .range = 10,
1559 .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
1560 .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_RAW_IO,
1561 },
1562 {
1563 .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@reboot",
1564 .json_field = "SystemCallFilter_reboot",
1565 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
1566 .weight = 1000,
1567 .range = 10,
1568 .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
1569 .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_REBOOT,
1570 },
1571 {
1572 .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@privileged",
1573 .json_field = "SystemCallFilter_privileged",
1574 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
1575 .weight = 700,
1576 .range = 10,
1577 .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
1578 .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_PRIVILEGED,
1579 },
1580 {
1581 .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@resources",
1582 .json_field = "SystemCallFilter_resources",
1583 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
1584 .weight = 700,
1585 .range = 10,
1586 .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
1587 .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_RESOURCES,
1588 },
1589 #endif
1590 {
1591 .id = "IPAddressDeny=",
1592 .json_field = "IPAddressDeny",
1593 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#IPAddressDeny=",
1594 .weight = 1000,
1595 .range = 10,
1596 .assess = assess_ip_address_allow,
1597 },
1598 {
1599 .id = "DeviceAllow=",
1600 .json_field = "DeviceAllow",
1601 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#DeviceAllow=",
1602 .weight = 1000,
1603 .range = 10,
1604 .assess = assess_device_allow,
1605 },
1606 {
1607 .id = "AmbientCapabilities=",
1608 .json_field = "AmbientCapabilities",
1609 .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#AmbientCapabilities=",
1610 .description_good = "Service process does not receive ambient capabilities",
1611 .description_bad = "Service process receives ambient capabilities",
1612 .weight = 500,
1613 .range = 1,
1614 .assess = assess_ambient_capabilities,
1615 },
1616 };
1617
1618 static JsonVariant* security_assessor_find_in_policy(const struct security_assessor *a, JsonVariant *policy, const char *name) {
1619 JsonVariant *item;
1620 assert(a);
1621
1622 if (!policy)
1623 return NULL;
1624 if (!json_variant_is_object(policy)) {
1625 log_debug("Specified policy is not a JSON object, ignoring.");
1626 return NULL;
1627 }
1628
1629 item = json_variant_by_key(policy, a->json_field);
1630 if (!item)
1631 return NULL;
1632 if (!json_variant_is_object(item)) {
1633 log_debug("Item for '%s' in policy JSON object is not an object, ignoring.", a->id);
1634 return NULL;
1635 }
1636
1637 return name ? json_variant_by_key(item, name) : item;
1638 }
1639
1640 static uint64_t access_weight(const struct security_assessor *a, JsonVariant *policy) {
1641 JsonVariant *val;
1642
1643 assert(a);
1644
1645 val = security_assessor_find_in_policy(a, policy, "weight");
1646 if (val) {
1647 if (json_variant_is_unsigned(val))
1648 return json_variant_unsigned(val);
1649 log_debug("JSON field 'weight' of policy for %s is not an unsigned integer, ignoring.", a->id);
1650 }
1651
1652 return a->weight;
1653 }
1654
1655 static uint64_t access_range(const struct security_assessor *a, JsonVariant *policy) {
1656 JsonVariant *val;
1657
1658 assert(a);
1659
1660 val = security_assessor_find_in_policy(a, policy, "range");
1661 if (val) {
1662 if (json_variant_is_unsigned(val))
1663 return json_variant_unsigned(val);
1664 log_debug("JSON field 'range' of policy for %s is not an unsigned integer, ignoring.", a->id);
1665 }
1666
1667 return a->range;
1668 }
1669
1670 static const char *access_description_na(const struct security_assessor *a, JsonVariant *policy) {
1671 JsonVariant *val;
1672
1673 assert(a);
1674
1675 val = security_assessor_find_in_policy(a, policy, "description_na");
1676 if (val) {
1677 if (json_variant_is_string(val))
1678 return json_variant_string(val);
1679 log_debug("JSON field 'description_na' of policy for %s is not a string, ignoring.", a->id);
1680 }
1681
1682 return a->description_na;
1683 }
1684
1685 static const char *access_description_good(const struct security_assessor *a, JsonVariant *policy) {
1686 JsonVariant *val;
1687
1688 assert(a);
1689
1690 val = security_assessor_find_in_policy(a, policy, "description_good");
1691 if (val) {
1692 if (json_variant_is_string(val))
1693 return json_variant_string(val);
1694 log_debug("JSON field 'description_good' of policy for %s is not a string, ignoring.", a->id);
1695 }
1696
1697 return a->description_good;
1698 }
1699
1700 static const char *access_description_bad(const struct security_assessor *a, JsonVariant *policy) {
1701 JsonVariant *val;
1702
1703 assert(a);
1704
1705 val = security_assessor_find_in_policy(a, policy, "description_bad");
1706 if (val) {
1707 if (json_variant_is_string(val))
1708 return json_variant_string(val);
1709 log_debug("JSON field 'description_bad' of policy for %s is not a string, ignoring.", a->id);
1710 }
1711
1712 return a->description_bad;
1713 }
1714
1715 static int assess(const SecurityInfo *info,
1716 Table *overview_table,
1717 AnalyzeSecurityFlags flags,
1718 unsigned threshold,
1719 JsonVariant *policy,
1720 PagerFlags pager_flags,
1721 JsonFormatFlags json_format_flags) {
1722
1723 static const struct {
1724 uint64_t exposure;
1725 const char *name;
1726 const char *color;
1727 SpecialGlyph smiley;
1728 } badness_table[] = {
1729 { 100, "DANGEROUS", ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED, SPECIAL_GLYPH_DEPRESSED_SMILEY },
1730 { 90, "UNSAFE", ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED, SPECIAL_GLYPH_UNHAPPY_SMILEY },
1731 { 75, "EXPOSED", ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_YELLOW, SPECIAL_GLYPH_SLIGHTLY_UNHAPPY_SMILEY },
1732 { 50, "MEDIUM", NULL, SPECIAL_GLYPH_NEUTRAL_SMILEY },
1733 { 10, "OK", ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN, SPECIAL_GLYPH_SLIGHTLY_HAPPY_SMILEY },
1734 { 1, "SAFE", ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN, SPECIAL_GLYPH_HAPPY_SMILEY },
1735 { 0, "PERFECT", ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN, SPECIAL_GLYPH_ECSTATIC_SMILEY },
1736 };
1737
1738 uint64_t badness_sum = 0, weight_sum = 0, exposure;
1739 _cleanup_(table_unrefp) Table *details_table = NULL;
1740 size_t i;
1741 int r;
1742
1743 if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, ANALYZE_SECURITY_SHORT)) {
1744 details_table = table_new(" ", "name", "json_field", "description", "weight", "badness", "range", "exposure");
1745 if (!details_table)
1746 return log_oom();
1747
1748 r = table_set_json_field_name(details_table, 0, "set");
1749 if (r < 0)
1750 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set JSON field name of column 0: %m");
1751
1752 (void) table_set_sort(details_table, (size_t) 3, (size_t) 1);
1753 (void) table_set_reverse(details_table, 3, true);
1754
1755 if (getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_ANALYZE_DEBUG") <= 0)
1756 (void) table_set_display(details_table, (size_t) 0, (size_t) 1, (size_t) 2, (size_t) 3, (size_t) 7);
1757 }
1758
1759 FOREACH_ELEMENT(a, security_assessor_table) {
1760 _cleanup_free_ char *d = NULL;
1761 uint64_t badness;
1762 void *data;
1763 uint64_t weight = access_weight(a, policy);
1764 uint64_t range = access_range(a, policy);
1765
1766 data = (uint8_t*) info + a->offset;
1767
1768 if (a->default_dependencies_only && !info->default_dependencies) {
1769 badness = UINT64_MAX;
1770 d = strdup("Service runs in special boot phase, option is not appropriate");
1771 if (!d)
1772 return log_oom();
1773 } else if (weight == 0) {
1774 badness = UINT64_MAX;
1775 d = strdup("Option excluded by policy, skipping");
1776 if (!d)
1777 return log_oom();
1778 } else {
1779 r = a->assess(a, info, data, &badness, &d);
1780 if (r < 0)
1781 return r;
1782 }
1783
1784 assert(range > 0);
1785
1786 if (badness != UINT64_MAX) {
1787 assert(badness <= range);
1788
1789 badness_sum += DIV_ROUND_UP(badness * weight, range);
1790 weight_sum += weight;
1791 }
1792
1793 if (details_table) {
1794 const char *description, *color = NULL;
1795 int checkmark;
1796
1797 if (badness == UINT64_MAX) {
1798 checkmark = -1;
1799 description = access_description_na(a, policy);
1800 color = NULL;
1801 } else if (badness == a->range) {
1802 checkmark = 0;
1803 description = access_description_bad(a, policy);
1804 color = ansi_highlight_red();
1805 } else if (badness == 0) {
1806 checkmark = 1;
1807 description = access_description_good(a, policy);
1808 color = ansi_highlight_green();
1809 } else {
1810 checkmark = 0;
1811 description = NULL;
1812 color = ansi_highlight_red();
1813 }
1814
1815 if (d)
1816 description = d;
1817
1818 if (checkmark < 0) {
1819 r = table_add_many(details_table, TABLE_EMPTY);
1820 if (r < 0)
1821 return table_log_add_error(r);
1822 } else {
1823 r = table_add_many(details_table,
1824 TABLE_BOOLEAN_CHECKMARK, checkmark > 0,
1825 TABLE_SET_MINIMUM_WIDTH, 1,
1826 TABLE_SET_MAXIMUM_WIDTH, 1,
1827 TABLE_SET_ELLIPSIZE_PERCENT, 0,
1828 TABLE_SET_COLOR, color);
1829 if (r < 0)
1830 return table_log_add_error(r);
1831 }
1832
1833 r = table_add_many(details_table,
1834 TABLE_STRING, a->id, TABLE_SET_URL, a->url,
1835 TABLE_STRING, a->json_field,
1836 TABLE_STRING, description,
1837 TABLE_UINT64, weight, TABLE_SET_ALIGN_PERCENT, 100,
1838 TABLE_UINT64, badness, TABLE_SET_ALIGN_PERCENT, 100,
1839 TABLE_UINT64, range, TABLE_SET_ALIGN_PERCENT, 100,
1840 TABLE_EMPTY, TABLE_SET_ALIGN_PERCENT, 100);
1841 if (r < 0)
1842 return table_log_add_error(r);
1843 }
1844 }
1845
1846 assert(weight_sum > 0);
1847
1848 if (details_table) {
1849 size_t row;
1850
1851 for (row = 1; row < table_get_rows(details_table); row++) {
1852 char buf[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uint64_t) + 1 + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uint64_t) + 1];
1853 const uint64_t *weight, *badness, *range;
1854 TableCell *cell;
1855 uint64_t x;
1856
1857 assert_se(weight = table_get_at(details_table, row, 4));
1858 assert_se(badness = table_get_at(details_table, row, 5));
1859 assert_se(range = table_get_at(details_table, row, 6));
1860
1861 if (*badness == UINT64_MAX || *badness == 0)
1862 continue;
1863
1864 assert_se(cell = table_get_cell(details_table, row, 7));
1865
1866 x = DIV_ROUND_UP(DIV_ROUND_UP(*badness * *weight * 100U, *range), weight_sum);
1867 xsprintf(buf, "%" PRIu64 ".%" PRIu64, x / 10, x % 10);
1868
1869 r = table_update(details_table, cell, TABLE_STRING, buf);
1870 if (r < 0)
1871 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to update cell in table: %m");
1872 }
1873
1874 if (json_format_flags & JSON_FORMAT_OFF) {
1875 r = table_hide_column_from_display(details_table, (size_t) 2);
1876 if (r < 0)
1877 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set columns to display: %m");
1878 }
1879
1880 r = table_print_with_pager(details_table, json_format_flags, pager_flags, /* show_header= */true);
1881 if (r < 0)
1882 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to output table: %m");
1883 }
1884
1885 exposure = DIV_ROUND_UP(badness_sum * 100U, weight_sum);
1886
1887 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(badness_table); i++)
1888 if (exposure >= badness_table[i].exposure)
1889 break;
1890
1891 assert(i < ELEMENTSOF(badness_table));
1892
1893 if (details_table && (json_format_flags & JSON_FORMAT_OFF)) {
1894 _cleanup_free_ char *clickable = NULL;
1895 const char *name;
1896
1897 /* If we shall output the details table, also print the brief summary underneath */
1898
1899 if (info->fragment_path) {
1900 r = terminal_urlify_path(info->fragment_path, info->id, &clickable);
1901 if (r < 0)
1902 return log_oom();
1903
1904 name = clickable;
1905 } else
1906 name = info->id;
1907
1908 printf("\n%s %sOverall exposure level for %s%s: %s%" PRIu64 ".%" PRIu64 " %s%s %s\n",
1909 special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_ARROW_RIGHT),
1910 ansi_highlight(),
1911 name,
1912 ansi_normal(),
1913 colors_enabled() ? strempty(badness_table[i].color) : "",
1914 exposure / 10, exposure % 10,
1915 badness_table[i].name,
1916 ansi_normal(),
1917 special_glyph(badness_table[i].smiley));
1918 }
1919
1920 fflush(stdout);
1921
1922 if (overview_table) {
1923 char buf[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uint64_t) + 1 + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uint64_t) + 1];
1924 _cleanup_free_ char *url = NULL;
1925
1926 if (info->fragment_path) {
1927 r = file_url_from_path(info->fragment_path, &url);
1928 if (r < 0)
1929 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate URL from path: %m");
1930 }
1931
1932 xsprintf(buf, "%" PRIu64 ".%" PRIu64, exposure / 10, exposure % 10);
1933
1934 r = table_add_many(overview_table,
1935 TABLE_STRING, info->id,
1936 TABLE_SET_URL, url,
1937 TABLE_STRING, buf,
1938 TABLE_SET_ALIGN_PERCENT, 100,
1939 TABLE_STRING, badness_table[i].name,
1940 TABLE_SET_COLOR, strempty(badness_table[i].color),
1941 TABLE_STRING, special_glyph(badness_table[i].smiley));
1942 if (r < 0)
1943 return table_log_add_error(r);
1944 }
1945
1946 /* Return error when overall exposure level is over threshold */
1947 if (exposure > threshold)
1948 return -EINVAL;
1949
1950 return 0;
1951 }
1952
1953 static int property_read_restrict_namespaces(
1954 sd_bus *bus,
1955 const char *member,
1956 sd_bus_message *m,
1957 sd_bus_error *error,
1958 void *userdata) {
1959
1960 SecurityInfo *info = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
1961 int r;
1962 uint64_t namespaces;
1963
1964 assert(bus);
1965 assert(member);
1966 assert(m);
1967
1968 r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "t", &namespaces);
1969 if (r < 0)
1970 return r;
1971
1972 info->restrict_namespaces = (unsigned long long) namespaces;
1973
1974 return 0;
1975 }
1976
1977 static int property_read_umask(
1978 sd_bus *bus,
1979 const char *member,
1980 sd_bus_message *m,
1981 sd_bus_error *error,
1982 void *userdata) {
1983
1984 SecurityInfo *info = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
1985 int r;
1986 uint32_t umask;
1987
1988 assert(bus);
1989 assert(member);
1990 assert(m);
1991
1992 r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "u", &umask);
1993 if (r < 0)
1994 return r;
1995
1996 info->_umask = (mode_t) umask;
1997
1998 return 0;
1999 }
2000
2001 static int property_read_restrict_address_families(
2002 sd_bus *bus,
2003 const char *member,
2004 sd_bus_message *m,
2005 sd_bus_error *error,
2006 void *userdata) {
2007
2008 SecurityInfo *info = userdata;
2009 int allow_list, r;
2010
2011 assert(bus);
2012 assert(member);
2013 assert(m);
2014
2015 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'r', "bas");
2016 if (r < 0)
2017 return r;
2018
2019 r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "b", &allow_list);
2020 if (r < 0)
2021 return r;
2022
2023 info->restrict_address_family_inet =
2024 info->restrict_address_family_unix =
2025 info->restrict_address_family_netlink =
2026 info->restrict_address_family_packet =
2027 info->restrict_address_family_other = allow_list;
2028
2029 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'a', "s");
2030 if (r < 0)
2031 return r;
2032
2033 for (;;) {
2034 const char *name;
2035
2036 r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &name);
2037 if (r < 0)
2038 return r;
2039 if (r == 0)
2040 break;
2041
2042 if (STR_IN_SET(name, "AF_INET", "AF_INET6"))
2043 info->restrict_address_family_inet = !allow_list;
2044 else if (streq(name, "AF_UNIX"))
2045 info->restrict_address_family_unix = !allow_list;
2046 else if (streq(name, "AF_NETLINK"))
2047 info->restrict_address_family_netlink = !allow_list;
2048 else if (streq(name, "AF_PACKET"))
2049 info->restrict_address_family_packet = !allow_list;
2050 else
2051 info->restrict_address_family_other = !allow_list;
2052 }
2053
2054 r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
2055 if (r < 0)
2056 return r;
2057
2058 return sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
2059 }
2060
2061 static int property_read_syscall_archs(
2062 sd_bus *bus,
2063 const char *member,
2064 sd_bus_message *m,
2065 sd_bus_error *error,
2066 void *userdata) {
2067
2068 SecurityInfo *info = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
2069 int r;
2070
2071 assert(bus);
2072 assert(member);
2073 assert(m);
2074
2075 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'a', "s");
2076 if (r < 0)
2077 return r;
2078
2079 for (;;) {
2080 const char *name;
2081
2082 r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &name);
2083 if (r < 0)
2084 return r;
2085 if (r == 0)
2086 break;
2087
2088 r = set_put_strdup(&info->system_call_architectures, name);
2089 if (r < 0)
2090 return r;
2091 }
2092
2093 return sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
2094 }
2095
2096 static int property_read_system_call_filter(
2097 sd_bus *bus,
2098 const char *member,
2099 sd_bus_message *m,
2100 sd_bus_error *error,
2101 void *userdata) {
2102
2103 SecurityInfo *info = userdata;
2104 int allow_list, r;
2105
2106 assert(bus);
2107 assert(member);
2108 assert(m);
2109
2110 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'r', "bas");
2111 if (r < 0)
2112 return r;
2113
2114 r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "b", &allow_list);
2115 if (r < 0)
2116 return r;
2117
2118 info->system_call_filter_allow_list = allow_list;
2119
2120 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'a', "s");
2121 if (r < 0)
2122 return r;
2123
2124 for (;;) {
2125 const char *name;
2126
2127 r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &name);
2128 if (r < 0)
2129 return r;
2130 if (r == 0)
2131 break;
2132
2133 /* ignore errno or action after colon */
2134 r = set_put_strndup(&info->system_call_filter, name, strchrnul(name, ':') - name);
2135 if (r < 0)
2136 return r;
2137 }
2138
2139 r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
2140 if (r < 0)
2141 return r;
2142
2143 return sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
2144 }
2145
2146 static int property_read_ip_address_allow(
2147 sd_bus *bus,
2148 const char *member,
2149 sd_bus_message *m,
2150 sd_bus_error *error,
2151 void *userdata) {
2152
2153 SecurityInfo *info = userdata;
2154 bool deny_ipv4 = false, deny_ipv6 = false;
2155 int r;
2156
2157 assert(bus);
2158 assert(member);
2159 assert(m);
2160
2161 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'a', "(iayu)");
2162 if (r < 0)
2163 return r;
2164
2165 for (;;) {
2166 const void *data;
2167 size_t size;
2168 int32_t family;
2169 uint32_t prefixlen;
2170
2171 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'r', "iayu");
2172 if (r < 0)
2173 return r;
2174 if (r == 0)
2175 break;
2176
2177 r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "i", &family);
2178 if (r < 0)
2179 return r;
2180
2181 r = sd_bus_message_read_array(m, 'y', &data, &size);
2182 if (r < 0)
2183 return r;
2184
2185 r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "u", &prefixlen);
2186 if (r < 0)
2187 return r;
2188
2189 r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
2190 if (r < 0)
2191 return r;
2192
2193 if (streq(member, "IPAddressAllow")) {
2194 union in_addr_union u;
2195
2196 if (family == AF_INET && size == 4 && prefixlen == 8)
2197 memcpy(&u.in, data, size);
2198 else if (family == AF_INET6 && size == 16 && prefixlen == 128)
2199 memcpy(&u.in6, data, size);
2200 else {
2201 info->ip_address_allow_other = true;
2202 continue;
2203 }
2204
2205 if (in_addr_is_localhost(family, &u))
2206 info->ip_address_allow_localhost = true;
2207 else
2208 info->ip_address_allow_other = true;
2209 } else {
2210 assert(streq(member, "IPAddressDeny"));
2211
2212 if (family == AF_INET && size == 4 && prefixlen == 0)
2213 deny_ipv4 = true;
2214 else if (family == AF_INET6 && size == 16 && prefixlen == 0)
2215 deny_ipv6 = true;
2216 }
2217 }
2218
2219 info->ip_address_deny_all = deny_ipv4 && deny_ipv6;
2220
2221 return sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
2222 }
2223
2224 static int property_read_ip_filters(
2225 sd_bus *bus,
2226 const char *member,
2227 sd_bus_message *m,
2228 sd_bus_error *error,
2229 void *userdata) {
2230
2231 SecurityInfo *info = userdata;
2232 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **l = NULL;
2233 int r;
2234
2235 assert(bus);
2236 assert(member);
2237 assert(m);
2238
2239 r = sd_bus_message_read_strv(m, &l);
2240 if (r < 0)
2241 return r;
2242
2243 if (streq(member, "IPIngressFilterPath"))
2244 info->ip_filters_custom_ingress = !strv_isempty(l);
2245 else if (streq(member, "IPEgressFilterPath"))
2246 info->ip_filters_custom_egress = !strv_isempty(l);
2247
2248 return 0;
2249 }
2250
2251 static int property_read_device_allow(
2252 sd_bus *bus,
2253 const char *member,
2254 sd_bus_message *m,
2255 sd_bus_error *error,
2256 void *userdata) {
2257
2258 SecurityInfo *info = userdata;
2259 int r;
2260
2261 assert(bus);
2262 assert(member);
2263 assert(m);
2264
2265 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'a', "(ss)");
2266 if (r < 0)
2267 return r;
2268
2269 for (;;) {
2270 const char *name, *policy;
2271
2272 r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "(ss)", &name, &policy);
2273 if (r < 0)
2274 return r;
2275 if (r == 0)
2276 break;
2277
2278 r = strv_extendf(&info->device_allow, "%s:%s", name, policy);
2279 if (r < 0)
2280 return r;
2281 }
2282
2283 return sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
2284 }
2285
2286 static int acquire_security_info(sd_bus *bus, const char *name, SecurityInfo *info, AnalyzeSecurityFlags flags) {
2287
2288 static const struct bus_properties_map security_map[] = {
2289 { "AmbientCapabilities", "t", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, ambient_capabilities) },
2290 { "CapabilityBoundingSet", "t", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, capability_bounding_set) },
2291 { "DefaultDependencies", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, default_dependencies) },
2292 { "Delegate", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, delegate) },
2293 { "DeviceAllow", "a(ss)", property_read_device_allow, 0 },
2294 { "DevicePolicy", "s", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, device_policy) },
2295 { "DynamicUser", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, dynamic_user) },
2296 { "FragmentPath", "s", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, fragment_path) },
2297 { "IPAddressAllow", "a(iayu)", property_read_ip_address_allow, 0 },
2298 { "IPAddressDeny", "a(iayu)", property_read_ip_address_allow, 0 },
2299 { "IPIngressFilterPath", "as", property_read_ip_filters, 0 },
2300 { "IPEgressFilterPath", "as", property_read_ip_filters, 0 },
2301 { "Id", "s", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, id) },
2302 { "KeyringMode", "s", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, keyring_mode) },
2303 { "ProtectProc", "s", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_proc) },
2304 { "ProcSubset", "s", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, proc_subset) },
2305 { "LoadState", "s", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, load_state) },
2306 { "LockPersonality", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, lock_personality) },
2307 { "MemoryDenyWriteExecute", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, memory_deny_write_execute) },
2308 { "NoNewPrivileges", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, no_new_privileges) },
2309 { "NotifyAccess", "s", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, notify_access) },
2310 { "PrivateDevices", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, private_devices) },
2311 { "PrivateMounts", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, private_mounts) },
2312 { "PrivateNetwork", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, private_network) },
2313 { "PrivateTmp", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, private_tmp) },
2314 { "PrivateUsers", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, private_users) },
2315 { "ProtectControlGroups", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_control_groups) },
2316 { "ProtectHome", "s", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_home) },
2317 { "ProtectHostname", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_hostname) },
2318 { "ProtectKernelModules", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_kernel_modules) },
2319 { "ProtectKernelTunables", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_kernel_tunables) },
2320 { "ProtectKernelLogs", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_kernel_logs) },
2321 { "ProtectClock", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_clock) },
2322 { "ProtectSystem", "s", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, protect_system) },
2323 { "RemoveIPC", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, remove_ipc) },
2324 { "RestrictAddressFamilies", "(bas)", property_read_restrict_address_families, 0 },
2325 { "RestrictNamespaces", "t", property_read_restrict_namespaces, 0 },
2326 { "RestrictRealtime", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, restrict_realtime) },
2327 { "RestrictSUIDSGID", "b", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, restrict_suid_sgid) },
2328 { "RootDirectory", "s", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, root_directory) },
2329 { "RootImage", "s", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, root_image) },
2330 { "SupplementaryGroups", "as", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, supplementary_groups) },
2331 { "SystemCallArchitectures", "as", property_read_syscall_archs, 0 },
2332 { "SystemCallFilter", "(as)", property_read_system_call_filter, 0 },
2333 { "Type", "s", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, type) },
2334 { "UMask", "u", property_read_umask, 0 },
2335 { "User", "s", NULL, offsetof(SecurityInfo, user) },
2336 {}
2337 };
2338
2339 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
2340 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
2341 int r;
2342
2343 /* Note: this mangles *info on failure! */
2344
2345 assert(bus);
2346 assert(name);
2347 assert(info);
2348
2349 path = unit_dbus_path_from_name(name);
2350 if (!path)
2351 return log_oom();
2352
2353 r = bus_map_all_properties(
2354 bus,
2355 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2356 path,
2357 security_map,
2358 BUS_MAP_STRDUP | BUS_MAP_BOOLEAN_AS_BOOL,
2359 &error,
2360 NULL,
2361 info);
2362 if (r < 0)
2363 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get unit properties: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
2364
2365 if (!streq_ptr(info->load_state, "loaded")) {
2366
2367 if (FLAGS_SET(flags, ANALYZE_SECURITY_ONLY_LOADED))
2368 return -EMEDIUMTYPE;
2369
2370 if (streq_ptr(info->load_state, "not-found"))
2371 log_error("Unit %s not found, cannot analyze.", name);
2372 else if (streq_ptr(info->load_state, "masked"))
2373 log_error("Unit %s is masked, cannot analyze.", name);
2374 else
2375 log_error("Unit %s not loaded properly, cannot analyze.", name);
2376
2377 return -EINVAL;
2378 }
2379
2380 if (FLAGS_SET(flags, ANALYZE_SECURITY_ONLY_LONG_RUNNING) && streq_ptr(info->type, "oneshot"))
2381 return -EMEDIUMTYPE;
2382
2383 if (info->private_devices ||
2384 info->private_tmp ||
2385 info->protect_control_groups ||
2386 info->protect_kernel_tunables ||
2387 info->protect_kernel_modules ||
2388 !streq_ptr(info->protect_home, "no") ||
2389 !streq_ptr(info->protect_system, "no") ||
2390 info->root_image)
2391 info->private_mounts = true;
2392
2393 if (info->protect_kernel_modules)
2394 info->capability_bounding_set &= ~(UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_MODULE);
2395
2396 if (info->protect_kernel_logs)
2397 info->capability_bounding_set &= ~(UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYSLOG);
2398
2399 if (info->protect_clock)
2400 info->capability_bounding_set &= ~((UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_TIME) |
2401 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_WAKE_ALARM));
2402
2403 if (info->private_devices)
2404 info->capability_bounding_set &= ~((UINT64_C(1) << CAP_MKNOD) |
2405 (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_RAWIO));
2406
2407 return 0;
2408 }
2409
2410 static int analyze_security_one(sd_bus *bus,
2411 const char *name,
2412 Table *overview_table,
2413 AnalyzeSecurityFlags flags,
2414 unsigned threshold,
2415 JsonVariant *policy,
2416 PagerFlags pager_flags,
2417 JsonFormatFlags json_format_flags) {
2418
2419 _cleanup_(security_info_freep) SecurityInfo *info = security_info_new();
2420 if (!info)
2421 return log_oom();
2422
2423 int r;
2424
2425 assert(bus);
2426 assert(name);
2427
2428 r = acquire_security_info(bus, name, info, flags);
2429 if (r == -EMEDIUMTYPE) /* Ignore this one because not loaded or Type is oneshot */
2430 return 0;
2431 if (r < 0)
2432 return r;
2433
2434 r = assess(info, overview_table, flags, threshold, policy, pager_flags, json_format_flags);
2435 if (r < 0)
2436 return r;
2437
2438 return 0;
2439 }
2440
2441 /* Refactoring SecurityInfo so that it can make use of existing struct variables instead of reading from dbus */
2442 static int get_security_info(Unit *u, ExecContext *c, CGroupContext *g, SecurityInfo **ret_info) {
2443 assert(ret_info);
2444
2445 _cleanup_(security_info_freep) SecurityInfo *info = security_info_new();
2446 if (!info)
2447 return log_oom();
2448
2449 if (u) {
2450 if (u->id) {
2451 info->id = strdup(u->id);
2452 if (!info->id)
2453 return log_oom();
2454 }
2455 if (unit_type_to_string(u->type)) {
2456 info->type = strdup(unit_type_to_string(u->type));
2457 if (!info->type)
2458 return log_oom();
2459 }
2460 if (unit_load_state_to_string(u->load_state)) {
2461 info->load_state = strdup(unit_load_state_to_string(u->load_state));
2462 if (!info->load_state)
2463 return log_oom();
2464 }
2465 if (u->fragment_path) {
2466 info->fragment_path = strdup(u->fragment_path);
2467 if (!info->fragment_path)
2468 return log_oom();
2469 }
2470 info->default_dependencies = u->default_dependencies;
2471 if (u->type == UNIT_SERVICE && notify_access_to_string(SERVICE(u)->notify_access)) {
2472 info->notify_access = strdup(notify_access_to_string(SERVICE(u)->notify_access));
2473 if (!info->notify_access)
2474 return log_oom();
2475 }
2476 }
2477
2478 if (c) {
2479 info->ambient_capabilities = c->capability_ambient_set;
2480 info->capability_bounding_set = c->capability_bounding_set;
2481 if (c->user) {
2482 info->user = strdup(c->user);
2483 if (!info->user)
2484 return log_oom();
2485 }
2486 if (c->supplementary_groups) {
2487 info->supplementary_groups = strv_copy(c->supplementary_groups);
2488 if (!info->supplementary_groups)
2489 return log_oom();
2490 }
2491 info->dynamic_user = c->dynamic_user;
2492 if (exec_keyring_mode_to_string(c->keyring_mode)) {
2493 info->keyring_mode = strdup(exec_keyring_mode_to_string(c->keyring_mode));
2494 if (!info->keyring_mode)
2495 return log_oom();
2496 }
2497 if (protect_proc_to_string(c->protect_proc)) {
2498 info->protect_proc = strdup(protect_proc_to_string(c->protect_proc));
2499 if (!info->protect_proc)
2500 return log_oom();
2501 }
2502 if (proc_subset_to_string(c->proc_subset)) {
2503 info->proc_subset = strdup(proc_subset_to_string(c->proc_subset));
2504 if (!info->proc_subset)
2505 return log_oom();
2506 }
2507 info->lock_personality = c->lock_personality;
2508 info->memory_deny_write_execute = c->memory_deny_write_execute;
2509 info->no_new_privileges = c->no_new_privileges;
2510 info->protect_hostname = c->protect_hostname;
2511 info->private_devices = c->private_devices;
2512 info->private_mounts = c->private_mounts;
2513 info->private_network = c->private_network;
2514 info->private_tmp = c->private_tmp;
2515 info->private_users = c->private_users;
2516 info->protect_control_groups = c->protect_control_groups;
2517 info->protect_kernel_modules = c->protect_kernel_modules;
2518 info->protect_kernel_tunables = c->protect_kernel_tunables;
2519 info->protect_kernel_logs = c->protect_kernel_logs;
2520 info->protect_clock = c->protect_clock;
2521 if (protect_home_to_string(c->protect_home)) {
2522 info->protect_home = strdup(protect_home_to_string(c->protect_home));
2523 if (!info->protect_home)
2524 return log_oom();
2525 }
2526 if (protect_system_to_string(c->protect_system)) {
2527 info->protect_system = strdup(protect_system_to_string(c->protect_system));
2528 if (!info->protect_system)
2529 return log_oom();
2530 }
2531 info->remove_ipc = c->remove_ipc;
2532 info->restrict_address_family_inet =
2533 info->restrict_address_family_unix =
2534 info->restrict_address_family_netlink =
2535 info->restrict_address_family_packet =
2536 info->restrict_address_family_other =
2537 c->address_families_allow_list;
2538
2539 void *key;
2540 SET_FOREACH(key, c->address_families) {
2541 int family = PTR_TO_INT(key);
2542 if (family == 0)
2543 continue;
2544 if (IN_SET(family, AF_INET, AF_INET6))
2545 info->restrict_address_family_inet = !c->address_families_allow_list;
2546 else if (family == AF_UNIX)
2547 info->restrict_address_family_unix = !c->address_families_allow_list;
2548 else if (family == AF_NETLINK)
2549 info->restrict_address_family_netlink = !c->address_families_allow_list;
2550 else if (family == AF_PACKET)
2551 info->restrict_address_family_packet = !c->address_families_allow_list;
2552 else
2553 info->restrict_address_family_other = !c->address_families_allow_list;
2554 }
2555
2556 info->restrict_namespaces = c->restrict_namespaces;
2557 info->restrict_realtime = c->restrict_realtime;
2558 info->restrict_suid_sgid = c->restrict_suid_sgid;
2559 if (c->root_directory) {
2560 info->root_directory = strdup(c->root_directory);
2561 if (!info->root_directory)
2562 return log_oom();
2563 }
2564 if (c->root_image) {
2565 info->root_image = strdup(c->root_image);
2566 if (!info->root_image)
2567 return log_oom();
2568 }
2569 info->_umask = c->umask;
2570
2571 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
2572 SET_FOREACH(key, c->syscall_archs) {
2573 const char *name;
2574
2575 name = seccomp_arch_to_string(PTR_TO_UINT32(key) - 1);
2576 if (!name)
2577 continue;
2578
2579 if (set_put_strdup(&info->system_call_architectures, name) < 0)
2580 return log_oom();
2581 }
2582
2583 info->system_call_filter_allow_list = c->syscall_allow_list;
2584
2585 void *id, *num;
2586 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(num, id, c->syscall_filter) {
2587 _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL;
2588
2589 if (info->system_call_filter_allow_list && PTR_TO_INT(num) >= 0)
2590 continue;
2591
2592 name = seccomp_syscall_resolve_num_arch(SCMP_ARCH_NATIVE, PTR_TO_INT(id) - 1);
2593 if (!name)
2594 continue;
2595
2596 if (set_ensure_consume(&info->system_call_filter, &string_hash_ops_free, TAKE_PTR(name)) < 0)
2597 return log_oom();
2598 }
2599 #endif
2600 }
2601
2602 if (g) {
2603 info->delegate = g->delegate;
2604 if (cgroup_device_policy_to_string(g->device_policy)) {
2605 info->device_policy = strdup(cgroup_device_policy_to_string(g->device_policy));
2606 if (!info->device_policy)
2607 return log_oom();
2608 }
2609
2610 struct in_addr_prefix *i;
2611 bool deny_ipv4 = false, deny_ipv6 = false;
2612
2613 SET_FOREACH(i, g->ip_address_deny) {
2614 if (i->family == AF_INET && i->prefixlen == 0)
2615 deny_ipv4 = true;
2616 else if (i->family == AF_INET6 && i->prefixlen == 0)
2617 deny_ipv6 = true;
2618 }
2619 info->ip_address_deny_all = deny_ipv4 && deny_ipv6;
2620
2621 info->ip_address_allow_localhost = info->ip_address_allow_other = false;
2622 SET_FOREACH(i, g->ip_address_allow) {
2623 if (in_addr_is_localhost(i->family, &i->address))
2624 info->ip_address_allow_localhost = true;
2625 else
2626 info->ip_address_allow_other = true;
2627 }
2628
2629 info->ip_filters_custom_ingress = !strv_isempty(g->ip_filters_ingress);
2630 info->ip_filters_custom_egress = !strv_isempty(g->ip_filters_egress);
2631
2632 LIST_FOREACH(device_allow, a, g->device_allow)
2633 if (strv_extendf(&info->device_allow,
2634 "%s:%s",
2635 a->path,
2636 cgroup_device_permissions_to_string(a->permissions)) < 0)
2637 return log_oom();
2638 }
2639
2640 *ret_info = TAKE_PTR(info);
2641
2642 return 0;
2643 }
2644
2645 static int offline_security_check(Unit *u,
2646 unsigned threshold,
2647 JsonVariant *policy,
2648 PagerFlags pager_flags,
2649 JsonFormatFlags json_format_flags) {
2650
2651 _cleanup_(table_unrefp) Table *overview_table = NULL;
2652 AnalyzeSecurityFlags flags = 0;
2653 _cleanup_(security_info_freep) SecurityInfo *info = NULL;
2654 int r;
2655
2656 assert(u);
2657
2658 if (DEBUG_LOGGING)
2659 unit_dump(u, stdout, "\t");
2660
2661 r = get_security_info(u, unit_get_exec_context(u), unit_get_cgroup_context(u), &info);
2662 if (r < 0)
2663 return r;
2664
2665 return assess(info, overview_table, flags, threshold, policy, pager_flags, json_format_flags);
2666 }
2667
2668 static int offline_security_checks(
2669 char **filenames,
2670 JsonVariant *policy,
2671 RuntimeScope scope,
2672 bool check_man,
2673 bool run_generators,
2674 unsigned threshold,
2675 const char *root,
2676 const char *profile,
2677 PagerFlags pager_flags,
2678 JsonFormatFlags json_format_flags) {
2679
2680 const ManagerTestRunFlags flags =
2681 MANAGER_TEST_RUN_MINIMAL |
2682 MANAGER_TEST_RUN_ENV_GENERATORS |
2683 MANAGER_TEST_RUN_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES |
2684 MANAGER_TEST_DONT_OPEN_EXECUTOR |
2685 run_generators * MANAGER_TEST_RUN_GENERATORS;
2686
2687 _cleanup_(manager_freep) Manager *m = NULL;
2688 Unit *units[strv_length(filenames)];
2689 int r, k;
2690 size_t count = 0;
2691
2692 if (strv_isempty(filenames))
2693 return 0;
2694
2695 r = verify_set_unit_path(filenames);
2696 if (r < 0)
2697 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set unit load path: %m");
2698
2699 r = manager_new(scope, flags, &m);
2700 if (r < 0)
2701 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to initialize manager: %m");
2702
2703 log_debug("Starting manager...");
2704
2705 r = manager_startup(m, /* serialization= */ NULL, /* fds= */ NULL, root);
2706 if (r < 0)
2707 return r;
2708
2709 if (profile) {
2710 /* Ensure the temporary directory is in the search path, so that we can add drop-ins. */
2711 r = strv_extend(&m->lookup_paths.search_path, m->lookup_paths.temporary_dir);
2712 if (r < 0)
2713 return log_oom();
2714 }
2715
2716 log_debug("Loading remaining units from the command line...");
2717
2718 STRV_FOREACH(filename, filenames) {
2719 _cleanup_free_ char *prepared = NULL;
2720
2721 log_debug("Handling %s...", *filename);
2722
2723 k = verify_prepare_filename(*filename, &prepared);
2724 if (k < 0) {
2725 log_warning_errno(k, "Failed to prepare filename %s: %m", *filename);
2726 RET_GATHER(r, k);
2727 continue;
2728 }
2729
2730 /* When a portable image is analyzed, the profile is what provides a good chunk of
2731 * the security-related settings, but they are obviously not shipped with the image.
2732 * This allows them to be taken into consideration. */
2733 if (profile) {
2734 _cleanup_free_ char *unit_name = NULL, *dropin = NULL, *profile_path = NULL;
2735
2736 r = path_extract_filename(prepared, &unit_name);
2737 if (r < 0)
2738 return log_oom();
2739
2740 dropin = strjoin(m->lookup_paths.temporary_dir, "/", unit_name, ".d/profile.conf");
2741 if (!dropin)
2742 return log_oom();
2743 (void) mkdir_parents(dropin, 0755);
2744
2745 if (!is_path(profile)) {
2746 r = find_portable_profile(profile, unit_name, &profile_path);
2747 if (r < 0)
2748 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to find portable profile %s: %m", profile);
2749 profile = profile_path;
2750 }
2751
2752 r = copy_file(profile, dropin, 0, 0644, 0);
2753 if (r < 0)
2754 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to copy: %m");
2755 }
2756
2757 k = manager_load_startable_unit_or_warn(m, NULL, prepared, &units[count]);
2758 if (k < 0) {
2759 RET_GATHER(r, k);
2760 continue;
2761 }
2762
2763 count++;
2764 }
2765
2766 for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++)
2767 RET_GATHER(r, offline_security_check(units[i], threshold, policy, pager_flags, json_format_flags));
2768
2769 return r;
2770 }
2771
2772 static int analyze_security(sd_bus *bus,
2773 char **units,
2774 JsonVariant *policy,
2775 RuntimeScope scope,
2776 bool check_man,
2777 bool run_generators,
2778 bool offline,
2779 unsigned threshold,
2780 const char *root,
2781 const char *profile,
2782 JsonFormatFlags json_format_flags,
2783 PagerFlags pager_flags,
2784 AnalyzeSecurityFlags flags) {
2785
2786 _cleanup_(table_unrefp) Table *overview_table = NULL;
2787 int ret = 0, r;
2788
2789 assert(!!bus != offline);
2790
2791 if (offline)
2792 return offline_security_checks(units, policy, scope, check_man, run_generators, threshold, root, profile, pager_flags, json_format_flags);
2793
2794 if (strv_length(units) != 1) {
2795 overview_table = table_new("unit", "exposure", "predicate", "happy");
2796 if (!overview_table)
2797 return log_oom();
2798 }
2799
2800 if (strv_isempty(units)) {
2801 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
2802 _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
2803 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **list = NULL;
2804 size_t n = 0;
2805
2806 r = bus_call_method(
2807 bus,
2808 bus_systemd_mgr,
2809 "ListUnits",
2810 &error,
2811 &reply,
2812 NULL);
2813 if (r < 0)
2814 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to list units: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
2815
2816 r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "(ssssssouso)");
2817 if (r < 0)
2818 return bus_log_parse_error(r);
2819
2820 for (;;) {
2821 UnitInfo info;
2822
2823 r = bus_parse_unit_info(reply, &info);
2824 if (r < 0)
2825 return bus_log_parse_error(r);
2826 if (r == 0)
2827 break;
2828
2829 if (!endswith(info.id, ".service"))
2830 continue;
2831
2832 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(list, n + 2))
2833 return log_oom();
2834
2835 r = strdup_to(&list[n], info.id);
2836 if (r < 0)
2837 return r;
2838
2839 list[++n] = NULL;
2840 }
2841
2842 strv_sort(list);
2843
2844 flags |= ANALYZE_SECURITY_SHORT|ANALYZE_SECURITY_ONLY_LOADED|ANALYZE_SECURITY_ONLY_LONG_RUNNING;
2845
2846 STRV_FOREACH(i, list) {
2847 r = analyze_security_one(bus, *i, overview_table, flags, threshold, policy, pager_flags, json_format_flags);
2848 if (r < 0 && ret >= 0)
2849 ret = r;
2850 }
2851
2852 } else
2853 STRV_FOREACH(i, units) {
2854 _cleanup_free_ char *mangled = NULL, *instance = NULL;
2855 const char *name;
2856
2857 if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, ANALYZE_SECURITY_SHORT) && i != units) {
2858 putc('\n', stdout);
2859 fflush(stdout);
2860 }
2861
2862 r = unit_name_mangle(*i, 0, &mangled);
2863 if (r < 0)
2864 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to mangle unit name '%s': %m", *i);
2865
2866 if (!endswith(mangled, ".service"))
2867 return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
2868 "Unit %s is not a service unit, refusing.",
2869 *i);
2870
2871 if (unit_name_is_valid(mangled, UNIT_NAME_TEMPLATE)) {
2872 r = unit_name_replace_instance(mangled, "test-instance", &instance);
2873 if (r < 0)
2874 return log_oom();
2875
2876 name = instance;
2877 } else
2878 name = mangled;
2879
2880 r = analyze_security_one(bus, name, overview_table, flags, threshold, policy, pager_flags, json_format_flags);
2881 if (r < 0 && ret >= 0)
2882 ret = r;
2883 }
2884
2885 if (overview_table) {
2886 if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, ANALYZE_SECURITY_SHORT)) {
2887 putc('\n', stdout);
2888 fflush(stdout);
2889 }
2890
2891 r = table_print_with_pager(overview_table, json_format_flags, pager_flags, /* show_header= */true);
2892 if (r < 0)
2893 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to output table: %m");
2894 }
2895 return ret;
2896 }
2897
2898 int verb_security(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
2899 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
2900 _cleanup_(json_variant_unrefp) JsonVariant *policy = NULL;
2901 int r;
2902 unsigned line, column;
2903
2904 if (!arg_offline) {
2905 r = acquire_bus(&bus, NULL);
2906 if (r < 0)
2907 return bus_log_connect_error(r, arg_transport);
2908 }
2909
2910 pager_open(arg_pager_flags);
2911
2912 if (arg_security_policy) {
2913 r = json_parse_file(/*f=*/ NULL, arg_security_policy, /*flags=*/ 0, &policy, &line, &column);
2914 if (r < 0)
2915 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse '%s' at %u:%u: %m", arg_security_policy, line, column);
2916 } else {
2917 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
2918 _cleanup_free_ char *pp = NULL;
2919
2920 r = search_and_fopen_nulstr("systemd-analyze-security.policy", "re", /*root=*/ NULL, CONF_PATHS_NULSTR("systemd"), &f, &pp);
2921 if (r < 0 && r != -ENOENT)
2922 return r;
2923
2924 if (f) {
2925 r = json_parse_file(f, pp, /*flags=*/ 0, &policy, &line, &column);
2926 if (r < 0)
2927 return log_error_errno(r, "[%s:%u:%u] Failed to parse JSON policy: %m", pp, line, column);
2928 }
2929 }
2930
2931 return analyze_security(
2932 bus,
2933 strv_skip(argv, 1),
2934 policy,
2935 arg_runtime_scope,
2936 arg_man,
2937 arg_generators,
2938 arg_offline,
2939 arg_threshold,
2940 arg_root,
2941 arg_profile,
2942 arg_json_format_flags,
2943 arg_pager_flags,
2944 /*flags=*/ 0);
2945 }
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