2 This file is part of systemd.
4 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
6 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
7 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
8 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
9 (at your option) any later version.
11 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
12 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
14 Lesser General Public License for more details.
16 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
17 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
27 #include <sys/inotify.h>
28 #include <sys/socket.h>
29 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
32 #include <linux/tiocl.h>
36 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
37 #include <sys/types.h>
41 #include "alloc-util.h"
49 #include "parse-util.h"
50 #include "process-util.h"
51 #include "socket-util.h"
52 #include "stat-util.h"
53 #include "string-util.h"
55 #include "terminal-util.h"
56 #include "time-util.h"
59 static volatile unsigned cached_columns
= 0;
60 static volatile unsigned cached_lines
= 0;
63 _cleanup_close_
int fd
;
65 fd
= open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR
|O_NOCTTY
|O_CLOEXEC
|O_NONBLOCK
);
71 TIOCL_GETKMSGREDIRECT
,
75 if (ioctl(fd
, TIOCLINUX
, tiocl
) < 0)
78 vt
= tiocl
[0] <= 0 ? 1 : tiocl
[0];
81 if (ioctl(fd
, VT_ACTIVATE
, vt
) < 0)
87 int read_one_char(FILE *f
, char *ret
, usec_t t
, bool *need_nl
) {
88 struct termios old_termios
, new_termios
;
89 char c
, line
[LINE_MAX
];
94 if (tcgetattr(fileno(f
), &old_termios
) >= 0) {
95 new_termios
= old_termios
;
97 new_termios
.c_lflag
&= ~ICANON
;
98 new_termios
.c_cc
[VMIN
] = 1;
99 new_termios
.c_cc
[VTIME
] = 0;
101 if (tcsetattr(fileno(f
), TCSADRAIN
, &new_termios
) >= 0) {
104 if (t
!= USEC_INFINITY
) {
105 if (fd_wait_for_event(fileno(f
), POLLIN
, t
) <= 0) {
106 tcsetattr(fileno(f
), TCSADRAIN
, &old_termios
);
111 k
= fread(&c
, 1, 1, f
);
113 tcsetattr(fileno(f
), TCSADRAIN
, &old_termios
);
119 *need_nl
= c
!= '\n';
126 if (t
!= USEC_INFINITY
) {
127 if (fd_wait_for_event(fileno(f
), POLLIN
, t
) <= 0)
132 if (!fgets(line
, sizeof(line
), f
))
133 return errno
> 0 ? -errno
: -EIO
;
137 if (strlen(line
) != 1)
147 #define DEFAULT_ASK_REFRESH_USEC (2*USEC_PER_SEC)
149 int ask_char(char *ret
, const char *replies
, const char *fmt
, ...) {
161 if (colors_enabled())
162 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT
, stdout
);
170 if (colors_enabled())
171 fputs(ANSI_NORMAL
, stdout
);
175 r
= read_one_char(stdin
, &c
, DEFAULT_ASK_REFRESH_USEC
, &need_nl
);
182 puts("Bad input, please try again.");
193 if (strchr(replies
, c
)) {
198 puts("Read unexpected character, please try again.");
202 int ask_string(char **ret
, const char *text
, ...) {
210 if (colors_enabled())
211 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT
, stdout
);
217 if (colors_enabled())
218 fputs(ANSI_NORMAL
, stdout
);
223 if (!fgets(line
, sizeof(line
), stdin
))
224 return errno
> 0 ? -errno
: -EIO
;
226 if (!endswith(line
, "\n"))
245 int reset_terminal_fd(int fd
, bool switch_to_text
) {
246 struct termios termios
;
249 /* Set terminal to some sane defaults */
253 /* We leave locked terminal attributes untouched, so that
254 * Plymouth may set whatever it wants to set, and we don't
255 * interfere with that. */
257 /* Disable exclusive mode, just in case */
258 (void) ioctl(fd
, TIOCNXCL
);
260 /* Switch to text mode */
262 (void) ioctl(fd
, KDSETMODE
, KD_TEXT
);
264 /* Enable console unicode mode */
265 (void) ioctl(fd
, KDSKBMODE
, K_UNICODE
);
267 if (tcgetattr(fd
, &termios
) < 0) {
272 /* We only reset the stuff that matters to the software. How
273 * hardware is set up we don't touch assuming that somebody
274 * else will do that for us */
276 termios
.c_iflag
&= ~(IGNBRK
| BRKINT
| ISTRIP
| INLCR
| IGNCR
| IUCLC
);
277 termios
.c_iflag
|= ICRNL
| IMAXBEL
| IUTF8
;
278 termios
.c_oflag
|= ONLCR
;
279 termios
.c_cflag
|= CREAD
;
280 termios
.c_lflag
= ISIG
| ICANON
| IEXTEN
| ECHO
| ECHOE
| ECHOK
| ECHOCTL
| ECHOPRT
| ECHOKE
;
282 termios
.c_cc
[VINTR
] = 03; /* ^C */
283 termios
.c_cc
[VQUIT
] = 034; /* ^\ */
284 termios
.c_cc
[VERASE
] = 0177;
285 termios
.c_cc
[VKILL
] = 025; /* ^X */
286 termios
.c_cc
[VEOF
] = 04; /* ^D */
287 termios
.c_cc
[VSTART
] = 021; /* ^Q */
288 termios
.c_cc
[VSTOP
] = 023; /* ^S */
289 termios
.c_cc
[VSUSP
] = 032; /* ^Z */
290 termios
.c_cc
[VLNEXT
] = 026; /* ^V */
291 termios
.c_cc
[VWERASE
] = 027; /* ^W */
292 termios
.c_cc
[VREPRINT
] = 022; /* ^R */
293 termios
.c_cc
[VEOL
] = 0;
294 termios
.c_cc
[VEOL2
] = 0;
296 termios
.c_cc
[VTIME
] = 0;
297 termios
.c_cc
[VMIN
] = 1;
299 if (tcsetattr(fd
, TCSANOW
, &termios
) < 0)
303 /* Just in case, flush all crap out */
304 (void) tcflush(fd
, TCIOFLUSH
);
309 int reset_terminal(const char *name
) {
310 _cleanup_close_
int fd
= -1;
312 /* We open the terminal with O_NONBLOCK here, to ensure we
313 * don't block on carrier if this is a terminal with carrier
316 fd
= open_terminal(name
, O_RDWR
|O_NOCTTY
|O_CLOEXEC
|O_NONBLOCK
);
320 return reset_terminal_fd(fd
, true);
323 int open_terminal(const char *name
, int mode
) {
328 * If a TTY is in the process of being closed opening it might
329 * cause EIO. This is horribly awful, but unlikely to be
330 * changed in the kernel. Hence we work around this problem by
331 * retrying a couple of times.
333 * https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/554172/comments/245
340 fd
= open(name
, mode
, 0);
347 /* Max 1s in total */
351 usleep(50 * USEC_PER_MSEC
);
364 int acquire_terminal(
368 bool ignore_tiocstty_eperm
,
371 int fd
= -1, notify
= -1, r
= 0, wd
= -1;
376 /* We use inotify to be notified when the tty is closed. We
377 * create the watch before checking if we can actually acquire
378 * it, so that we don't lose any event.
380 * Note: strictly speaking this actually watches for the
381 * device being closed, it does *not* really watch whether a
382 * tty loses its controlling process. However, unless some
383 * rogue process uses TIOCNOTTY on /dev/tty *after* closing
384 * its tty otherwise this will not become a problem. As long
385 * as the administrator makes sure not configure any service
386 * on the same tty as an untrusted user this should not be a
387 * problem. (Which he probably should not do anyway.) */
389 if (timeout
!= USEC_INFINITY
)
390 ts
= now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC
);
392 if (!fail
&& !force
) {
393 notify
= inotify_init1(IN_CLOEXEC
| (timeout
!= USEC_INFINITY
? IN_NONBLOCK
: 0));
399 wd
= inotify_add_watch(notify
, name
, IN_CLOSE
);
407 struct sigaction sa_old
, sa_new
= {
408 .sa_handler
= SIG_IGN
,
409 .sa_flags
= SA_RESTART
,
413 r
= flush_fd(notify
);
418 /* We pass here O_NOCTTY only so that we can check the return
419 * value TIOCSCTTY and have a reliable way to figure out if we
420 * successfully became the controlling process of the tty */
421 fd
= open_terminal(name
, O_RDWR
|O_NOCTTY
|O_CLOEXEC
);
425 /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed
426 * if we already own the tty. */
427 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP
, &sa_new
, &sa_old
) == 0);
429 /* First, try to get the tty */
430 if (ioctl(fd
, TIOCSCTTY
, force
) < 0)
433 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP
, &sa_old
, NULL
) == 0);
435 /* Sometimes, it makes sense to ignore TIOCSCTTY
436 * returning EPERM, i.e. when very likely we already
437 * are have this controlling terminal. */
438 if (r
< 0 && r
== -EPERM
&& ignore_tiocstty_eperm
)
441 if (r
< 0 && (force
|| fail
|| r
!= -EPERM
))
452 union inotify_event_buffer buffer
;
453 struct inotify_event
*e
;
456 if (timeout
!= USEC_INFINITY
) {
459 n
= now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC
);
460 if (ts
+ timeout
< n
) {
465 r
= fd_wait_for_event(notify
, POLLIN
, ts
+ timeout
- n
);
475 l
= read(notify
, &buffer
, sizeof(buffer
));
477 if (errno
== EINTR
|| errno
== EAGAIN
)
484 FOREACH_INOTIFY_EVENT(e
, buffer
, l
) {
485 if (e
->wd
!= wd
|| !(e
->mask
& IN_CLOSE
)) {
494 /* We close the tty fd here since if the old session
495 * ended our handle will be dead. It's important that
496 * we do this after sleeping, so that we don't enter
497 * an endless loop. */
512 int release_terminal(void) {
513 static const struct sigaction sa_new
= {
514 .sa_handler
= SIG_IGN
,
515 .sa_flags
= SA_RESTART
,
518 _cleanup_close_
int fd
= -1;
519 struct sigaction sa_old
;
522 fd
= open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR
|O_NOCTTY
|O_CLOEXEC
|O_NONBLOCK
);
526 /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed
527 * by our own TIOCNOTTY */
528 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP
, &sa_new
, &sa_old
) == 0);
530 if (ioctl(fd
, TIOCNOTTY
) < 0)
533 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP
, &sa_old
, NULL
) == 0);
538 int terminal_vhangup_fd(int fd
) {
541 if (ioctl(fd
, TIOCVHANGUP
) < 0)
547 int terminal_vhangup(const char *name
) {
548 _cleanup_close_
int fd
;
550 fd
= open_terminal(name
, O_RDWR
|O_NOCTTY
|O_CLOEXEC
|O_NONBLOCK
);
554 return terminal_vhangup_fd(fd
);
557 int vt_disallocate(const char *name
) {
558 _cleanup_close_
int fd
= -1;
562 /* Deallocate the VT if possible. If not possible
563 * (i.e. because it is the active one), at least clear it
564 * entirely (including the scrollback buffer) */
566 if (!startswith(name
, "/dev/"))
569 if (!tty_is_vc(name
)) {
570 /* So this is not a VT. I guess we cannot deallocate
571 * it then. But let's at least clear the screen */
573 fd
= open_terminal(name
, O_RDWR
|O_NOCTTY
|O_CLOEXEC
);
578 "\033[r" /* clear scrolling region */
579 "\033[H" /* move home */
580 "\033[2J", /* clear screen */
585 if (!startswith(name
, "/dev/tty"))
588 r
= safe_atou(name
+8, &u
);
595 /* Try to deallocate */
596 fd
= open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR
|O_NOCTTY
|O_CLOEXEC
|O_NONBLOCK
);
600 r
= ioctl(fd
, VT_DISALLOCATE
, u
);
609 /* Couldn't deallocate, so let's clear it fully with
611 fd
= open_terminal(name
, O_RDWR
|O_NOCTTY
|O_CLOEXEC
);
616 "\033[r" /* clear scrolling region */
617 "\033[H" /* move home */
618 "\033[3J", /* clear screen including scrollback, requires Linux 2.6.40 */
623 int make_console_stdio(void) {
626 /* Make /dev/console the controlling terminal and stdin/stdout/stderr */
628 fd
= acquire_terminal("/dev/console", false, true, true, USEC_INFINITY
);
630 return log_error_errno(fd
, "Failed to acquire terminal: %m");
632 r
= reset_terminal_fd(fd
, true);
634 log_warning_errno(r
, "Failed to reset terminal, ignoring: %m");
638 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to duplicate terminal fd: %m");
643 bool tty_is_vc(const char *tty
) {
646 return vtnr_from_tty(tty
) >= 0;
649 bool tty_is_console(const char *tty
) {
652 if (startswith(tty
, "/dev/"))
655 return streq(tty
, "console");
658 int vtnr_from_tty(const char *tty
) {
663 if (startswith(tty
, "/dev/"))
666 if (!startswith(tty
, "tty") )
669 if (tty
[3] < '0' || tty
[3] > '9')
672 r
= safe_atoi(tty
+3, &i
);
682 char *resolve_dev_console(char **active
) {
685 /* Resolve where /dev/console is pointing to, if /sys is actually ours
686 * (i.e. not read-only-mounted which is a sign for container setups) */
688 if (path_is_read_only_fs("/sys") > 0)
691 if (read_one_line_file("/sys/class/tty/console/active", active
) < 0)
694 /* If multiple log outputs are configured the last one is what
695 * /dev/console points to */
696 tty
= strrchr(*active
, ' ');
702 if (streq(tty
, "tty0")) {
705 /* Get the active VC (e.g. tty1) */
706 if (read_one_line_file("/sys/class/tty/tty0/active", &tmp
) >= 0) {
715 int get_kernel_consoles(char ***consoles
) {
716 _cleanup_strv_free_
char **con
= NULL
;
717 _cleanup_free_
char *line
= NULL
;
723 r
= read_one_line_file("/sys/class/tty/console/active", &line
);
729 _cleanup_free_
char *tty
= NULL
;
732 r
= extract_first_word(&active
, &tty
, NULL
, 0);
738 if (streq(tty
, "tty0")) {
740 r
= read_one_line_file("/sys/class/tty/tty0/active", &tty
);
745 path
= strappend("/dev/", tty
);
749 if (access(path
, F_OK
) < 0) {
750 log_debug_errno(errno
, "Console device %s is not accessible, skipping: %m", path
);
755 r
= strv_consume(&con
, path
);
760 if (strv_isempty(con
)) {
761 log_debug("No devices found for system console");
763 r
= strv_extend(&con
, "/dev/console");
773 bool tty_is_vc_resolve(const char *tty
) {
774 _cleanup_free_
char *active
= NULL
;
778 if (startswith(tty
, "/dev/"))
781 if (streq(tty
, "console")) {
782 tty
= resolve_dev_console(&active
);
787 return tty_is_vc(tty
);
790 const char *default_term_for_tty(const char *tty
) {
791 return tty
&& tty_is_vc_resolve(tty
) ? "linux" : "vt220";
794 int fd_columns(int fd
) {
795 struct winsize ws
= {};
797 if (ioctl(fd
, TIOCGWINSZ
, &ws
) < 0)
806 unsigned columns(void) {
810 if (_likely_(cached_columns
> 0))
811 return cached_columns
;
814 e
= getenv("COLUMNS");
816 (void) safe_atoi(e
, &c
);
819 c
= fd_columns(STDOUT_FILENO
);
825 return cached_columns
;
828 int fd_lines(int fd
) {
829 struct winsize ws
= {};
831 if (ioctl(fd
, TIOCGWINSZ
, &ws
) < 0)
840 unsigned lines(void) {
844 if (_likely_(cached_lines
> 0))
850 (void) safe_atoi(e
, &l
);
853 l
= fd_lines(STDOUT_FILENO
);
862 /* intended to be used as a SIGWINCH sighandler */
863 void columns_lines_cache_reset(int signum
) {
869 static int cached_on_tty
= -1;
871 if (_unlikely_(cached_on_tty
< 0))
872 cached_on_tty
= isatty(STDOUT_FILENO
) > 0;
874 return cached_on_tty
;
877 int make_stdio(int fd
) {
882 r
= dup2(fd
, STDIN_FILENO
);
883 s
= dup2(fd
, STDOUT_FILENO
);
884 t
= dup2(fd
, STDERR_FILENO
);
889 if (r
< 0 || s
< 0 || t
< 0)
892 /* Explicitly unset O_CLOEXEC, since if fd was < 3, then
893 * dup2() was a NOP and the bit hence possibly set. */
894 stdio_unset_cloexec();
899 int make_null_stdio(void) {
902 null_fd
= open("/dev/null", O_RDWR
|O_NOCTTY
);
906 return make_stdio(null_fd
);
909 int getttyname_malloc(int fd
, char **ret
) {
919 r
= ttyname_r(fd
, path
, sizeof(path
));
924 p
= startswith(path
, "/dev/");
925 c
= strdup(p
?: path
);
942 int getttyname_harder(int fd
, char **r
) {
946 k
= getttyname_malloc(fd
, &s
);
950 if (streq(s
, "tty")) {
952 return get_ctty(0, NULL
, r
);
959 int get_ctty_devnr(pid_t pid
, dev_t
*d
) {
961 _cleanup_free_
char *line
= NULL
;
967 p
= procfs_file_alloca(pid
, "stat");
968 r
= read_one_line_file(p
, &line
);
972 p
= strrchr(line
, ')');
987 if (major(ttynr
) == 0 && minor(ttynr
) == 0)
996 int get_ctty(pid_t pid
, dev_t
*_devnr
, char **r
) {
997 char fn
[sizeof("/dev/char/")-1 + 2*DECIMAL_STR_MAX(unsigned) + 1 + 1], *b
= NULL
;
998 _cleanup_free_
char *s
= NULL
;
1005 k
= get_ctty_devnr(pid
, &devnr
);
1009 sprintf(fn
, "/dev/char/%u:%u", major(devnr
), minor(devnr
));
1011 k
= readlink_malloc(fn
, &s
);
1017 /* This is an ugly hack */
1018 if (major(devnr
) == 136) {
1019 if (asprintf(&b
, "pts/%u", minor(devnr
)) < 0)
1022 /* Probably something like the ptys which have no
1023 * symlink in /dev/char. Let's return something
1024 * vaguely useful. */
1031 if (startswith(s
, "/dev/"))
1033 else if (startswith(s
, "../"))
1050 int ptsname_malloc(int fd
, char **ret
) {
1063 if (ptsname_r(fd
, c
, l
) == 0) {
1067 if (errno
!= ERANGE
) {
1077 int ptsname_namespace(int pty
, char **ret
) {
1080 /* Like ptsname(), but doesn't assume that the path is
1081 * accessible in the local namespace. */
1083 r
= ioctl(pty
, TIOCGPTN
, &no
);
1090 if (asprintf(ret
, "/dev/pts/%i", no
) < 0)
1096 int openpt_in_namespace(pid_t pid
, int flags
) {
1097 _cleanup_close_
int pidnsfd
= -1, mntnsfd
= -1, usernsfd
= -1, rootfd
= -1;
1098 _cleanup_close_pair_
int pair
[2] = { -1, -1 };
1105 r
= namespace_open(pid
, &pidnsfd
, &mntnsfd
, NULL
, &usernsfd
, &rootfd
);
1109 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX
, SOCK_DGRAM
, 0, pair
) < 0)
1119 pair
[0] = safe_close(pair
[0]);
1121 r
= namespace_enter(pidnsfd
, mntnsfd
, -1, usernsfd
, rootfd
);
1123 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE
);
1125 master
= posix_openpt(flags
|O_NOCTTY
|O_CLOEXEC
);
1127 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE
);
1129 if (unlockpt(master
) < 0)
1130 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE
);
1132 if (send_one_fd(pair
[1], master
, 0) < 0)
1133 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE
);
1135 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS
);
1138 pair
[1] = safe_close(pair
[1]);
1140 r
= wait_for_terminate(child
, &si
);
1143 if (si
.si_code
!= CLD_EXITED
|| si
.si_status
!= EXIT_SUCCESS
)
1146 return receive_one_fd(pair
[0], 0);
1149 int open_terminal_in_namespace(pid_t pid
, const char *name
, int mode
) {
1150 _cleanup_close_
int pidnsfd
= -1, mntnsfd
= -1, usernsfd
= -1, rootfd
= -1;
1151 _cleanup_close_pair_
int pair
[2] = { -1, -1 };
1156 r
= namespace_open(pid
, &pidnsfd
, &mntnsfd
, NULL
, &usernsfd
, &rootfd
);
1160 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX
, SOCK_DGRAM
, 0, pair
) < 0)
1170 pair
[0] = safe_close(pair
[0]);
1172 r
= namespace_enter(pidnsfd
, mntnsfd
, -1, usernsfd
, rootfd
);
1174 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE
);
1176 master
= open_terminal(name
, mode
|O_NOCTTY
|O_CLOEXEC
);
1178 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE
);
1180 if (send_one_fd(pair
[1], master
, 0) < 0)
1181 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE
);
1183 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS
);
1186 pair
[1] = safe_close(pair
[1]);
1188 r
= wait_for_terminate(child
, &si
);
1191 if (si
.si_code
!= CLD_EXITED
|| si
.si_status
!= EXIT_SUCCESS
)
1194 return receive_one_fd(pair
[0], 0);
1197 static bool getenv_terminal_is_dumb(void) {
1204 return streq(e
, "dumb");
1207 bool terminal_is_dumb(void) {
1211 return getenv_terminal_is_dumb();
1214 bool colors_enabled(void) {
1215 static int enabled
= -1;
1217 if (_unlikely_(enabled
< 0)) {
1220 val
= getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_COLORS");
1223 else if (getpid() == 1)
1224 /* PID1 outputs to the console without holding it open all the time */
1225 enabled
= !getenv_terminal_is_dumb();
1227 enabled
= !terminal_is_dumb();