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Merge pull request #9504 from poettering/nss-deadlock
[thirdparty/systemd.git] / src / core / main.c
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */
2
3 #include <errno.h>
4 #include <fcntl.h>
5 #include <getopt.h>
6 #include <signal.h>
7 #include <stdio.h>
8 #include <string.h>
9 #include <sys/mount.h>
10 #include <sys/prctl.h>
11 #include <sys/reboot.h>
12 #include <sys/stat.h>
13 #include <unistd.h>
14 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
15 #include <seccomp.h>
16 #endif
17 #if HAVE_VALGRIND_VALGRIND_H
18 #include <valgrind/valgrind.h>
19 #endif
20
21 #include "sd-bus.h"
22 #include "sd-daemon.h"
23 #include "sd-messages.h"
24
25 #include "alloc-util.h"
26 #include "architecture.h"
27 #include "build.h"
28 #include "bus-error.h"
29 #include "bus-util.h"
30 #include "capability-util.h"
31 #include "clock-util.h"
32 #include "conf-parser.h"
33 #include "cpu-set-util.h"
34 #include "dbus.h"
35 #include "dbus-manager.h"
36 #include "def.h"
37 #include "emergency-action.h"
38 #include "env-util.h"
39 #include "exit-status.h"
40 #include "fd-util.h"
41 #include "fdset.h"
42 #include "fileio.h"
43 #include "format-util.h"
44 #include "fs-util.h"
45 #include "hostname-setup.h"
46 #include "ima-setup.h"
47 #include "killall.h"
48 #include "kmod-setup.h"
49 #include "load-fragment.h"
50 #include "log.h"
51 #include "loopback-setup.h"
52 #include "machine-id-setup.h"
53 #include "manager.h"
54 #include "missing.h"
55 #include "mount-setup.h"
56 #include "os-util.h"
57 #include "pager.h"
58 #include "parse-util.h"
59 #include "path-util.h"
60 #include "proc-cmdline.h"
61 #include "process-util.h"
62 #include "raw-clone.h"
63 #include "rlimit-util.h"
64 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
65 #include "seccomp-util.h"
66 #endif
67 #include "selinux-setup.h"
68 #include "selinux-util.h"
69 #include "signal-util.h"
70 #include "smack-setup.h"
71 #include "special.h"
72 #include "stat-util.h"
73 #include "stdio-util.h"
74 #include "strv.h"
75 #include "switch-root.h"
76 #include "terminal-util.h"
77 #include "umask-util.h"
78 #include "user-util.h"
79 #include "util.h"
80 #include "virt.h"
81 #include "watchdog.h"
82
83 static enum {
84 ACTION_RUN,
85 ACTION_HELP,
86 ACTION_VERSION,
87 ACTION_TEST,
88 ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS,
89 ACTION_DUMP_BUS_PROPERTIES,
90 } arg_action = ACTION_RUN;
91 static char *arg_default_unit = NULL;
92 static bool arg_system = false;
93 static bool arg_dump_core = true;
94 static int arg_crash_chvt = -1;
95 static bool arg_crash_shell = false;
96 static bool arg_crash_reboot = false;
97 static char *arg_confirm_spawn = NULL;
98 static ShowStatus arg_show_status = _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID;
99 static bool arg_switched_root = false;
100 static bool arg_no_pager = false;
101 static bool arg_service_watchdogs = true;
102 static char ***arg_join_controllers = NULL;
103 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_output = EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL;
104 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_error = EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT;
105 static usec_t arg_default_restart_usec = DEFAULT_RESTART_USEC;
106 static usec_t arg_default_timeout_start_usec = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_USEC;
107 static usec_t arg_default_timeout_stop_usec = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_USEC;
108 static usec_t arg_default_start_limit_interval = DEFAULT_START_LIMIT_INTERVAL;
109 static unsigned arg_default_start_limit_burst = DEFAULT_START_LIMIT_BURST;
110 static usec_t arg_runtime_watchdog = 0;
111 static usec_t arg_shutdown_watchdog = 10 * USEC_PER_MINUTE;
112 static char *arg_watchdog_device = NULL;
113 static char **arg_default_environment = NULL;
114 static struct rlimit *arg_default_rlimit[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {};
115 static uint64_t arg_capability_bounding_set = CAP_ALL;
116 static bool arg_no_new_privs = false;
117 static nsec_t arg_timer_slack_nsec = NSEC_INFINITY;
118 static usec_t arg_default_timer_accuracy_usec = 1 * USEC_PER_MINUTE;
119 static Set* arg_syscall_archs = NULL;
120 static FILE* arg_serialization = NULL;
121 static bool arg_default_cpu_accounting = false;
122 static bool arg_default_io_accounting = false;
123 static bool arg_default_ip_accounting = false;
124 static bool arg_default_blockio_accounting = false;
125 static bool arg_default_memory_accounting = MEMORY_ACCOUNTING_DEFAULT;
126 static bool arg_default_tasks_accounting = true;
127 static uint64_t arg_default_tasks_max = UINT64_MAX;
128 static sd_id128_t arg_machine_id = {};
129 static EmergencyAction arg_cad_burst_action = EMERGENCY_ACTION_REBOOT_FORCE;
130
131 _noreturn_ static void freeze_or_reboot(void) {
132
133 if (arg_crash_reboot) {
134 log_notice("Rebooting in 10s...");
135 (void) sleep(10);
136
137 log_notice("Rebooting now...");
138 (void) reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
139 log_emergency_errno(errno, "Failed to reboot: %m");
140 }
141
142 log_emergency("Freezing execution.");
143 freeze();
144 }
145
146 _noreturn_ static void crash(int sig) {
147 struct sigaction sa;
148 pid_t pid;
149
150 if (getpid_cached() != 1)
151 /* Pass this on immediately, if this is not PID 1 */
152 (void) raise(sig);
153 else if (!arg_dump_core)
154 log_emergency("Caught <%s>, not dumping core.", signal_to_string(sig));
155 else {
156 sa = (struct sigaction) {
157 .sa_handler = nop_signal_handler,
158 .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART,
159 };
160
161 /* We want to wait for the core process, hence let's enable SIGCHLD */
162 (void) sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
163
164 pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD);
165 if (pid < 0)
166 log_emergency_errno(errno, "Caught <%s>, cannot fork for core dump: %m", signal_to_string(sig));
167 else if (pid == 0) {
168 /* Enable default signal handler for core dump */
169
170 sa = (struct sigaction) {
171 .sa_handler = SIG_DFL,
172 };
173 (void) sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL);
174
175 /* Don't limit the coredump size */
176 (void) setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &RLIMIT_MAKE_CONST(RLIM_INFINITY));
177
178 /* Just to be sure... */
179 (void) chdir("/");
180
181 /* Raise the signal again */
182 pid = raw_getpid();
183 (void) kill(pid, sig); /* raise() would kill the parent */
184
185 assert_not_reached("We shouldn't be here...");
186 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
187 } else {
188 siginfo_t status;
189 int r;
190
191 /* Order things nicely. */
192 r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
193 if (r < 0)
194 log_emergency_errno(r, "Caught <%s>, waitpid() failed: %m", signal_to_string(sig));
195 else if (status.si_code != CLD_DUMPED)
196 log_emergency("Caught <%s>, core dump failed (child "PID_FMT", code=%s, status=%i/%s).",
197 signal_to_string(sig),
198 pid, sigchld_code_to_string(status.si_code),
199 status.si_status,
200 strna(status.si_code == CLD_EXITED
201 ? exit_status_to_string(status.si_status, EXIT_STATUS_MINIMAL)
202 : signal_to_string(status.si_status)));
203 else
204 log_emergency("Caught <%s>, dumped core as pid "PID_FMT".", signal_to_string(sig), pid);
205 }
206 }
207
208 if (arg_crash_chvt >= 0)
209 (void) chvt(arg_crash_chvt);
210
211 sa = (struct sigaction) {
212 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
213 .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT|SA_RESTART,
214 };
215
216 /* Let the kernel reap children for us */
217 (void) sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
218
219 if (arg_crash_shell) {
220 log_notice("Executing crash shell in 10s...");
221 (void) sleep(10);
222
223 pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD);
224 if (pid < 0)
225 log_emergency_errno(errno, "Failed to fork off crash shell: %m");
226 else if (pid == 0) {
227 (void) setsid();
228 (void) make_console_stdio();
229 (void) execle("/bin/sh", "/bin/sh", NULL, environ);
230
231 log_emergency_errno(errno, "execle() failed: %m");
232 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
233 } else {
234 log_info("Spawned crash shell as PID "PID_FMT".", pid);
235 (void) wait_for_terminate(pid, NULL);
236 }
237 }
238
239 freeze_or_reboot();
240 }
241
242 static void install_crash_handler(void) {
243 static const struct sigaction sa = {
244 .sa_handler = crash,
245 .sa_flags = SA_NODEFER, /* So that we can raise the signal again from the signal handler */
246 };
247 int r;
248
249 /* We ignore the return value here, since, we don't mind if we
250 * cannot set up a crash handler */
251 r = sigaction_many(&sa, SIGNALS_CRASH_HANDLER, -1);
252 if (r < 0)
253 log_debug_errno(r, "I had trouble setting up the crash handler, ignoring: %m");
254 }
255
256 static int console_setup(void) {
257 _cleanup_close_ int tty_fd = -1;
258 int r;
259
260 tty_fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
261 if (tty_fd < 0)
262 return log_error_errno(tty_fd, "Failed to open /dev/console: %m");
263
264 /* We don't want to force text mode. plymouth may be showing
265 * pictures already from initrd. */
266 r = reset_terminal_fd(tty_fd, false);
267 if (r < 0)
268 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to reset /dev/console: %m");
269
270 return 0;
271 }
272
273 static int parse_crash_chvt(const char *value) {
274 int b;
275
276 if (safe_atoi(value, &arg_crash_chvt) >= 0)
277 return 0;
278
279 b = parse_boolean(value);
280 if (b < 0)
281 return b;
282
283 if (b > 0)
284 arg_crash_chvt = 0; /* switch to where kmsg goes */
285 else
286 arg_crash_chvt = -1; /* turn off switching */
287
288 return 0;
289 }
290
291 static int parse_confirm_spawn(const char *value, char **console) {
292 char *s;
293 int r;
294
295 r = value ? parse_boolean(value) : 1;
296 if (r == 0) {
297 *console = NULL;
298 return 0;
299 }
300
301 if (r > 0) /* on with default tty */
302 s = strdup("/dev/console");
303 else if (is_path(value)) /* on with fully qualified path */
304 s = strdup(value);
305 else /* on with only a tty file name, not a fully qualified path */
306 s = strjoin("/dev/", value);
307 if (!s)
308 return -ENOMEM;
309
310 *console = s;
311 return 0;
312 }
313
314 static int set_machine_id(const char *m) {
315 sd_id128_t t;
316 assert(m);
317
318 if (sd_id128_from_string(m, &t) < 0)
319 return -EINVAL;
320
321 if (sd_id128_is_null(t))
322 return -EINVAL;
323
324 arg_machine_id = t;
325 return 0;
326 }
327
328 static int parse_proc_cmdline_item(const char *key, const char *value, void *data) {
329
330 int r;
331
332 assert(key);
333
334 if (STR_IN_SET(key, "systemd.unit", "rd.systemd.unit")) {
335
336 if (proc_cmdline_value_missing(key, value))
337 return 0;
338
339 if (!unit_name_is_valid(value, UNIT_NAME_PLAIN|UNIT_NAME_INSTANCE))
340 log_warning("Unit name specified on %s= is not valid, ignoring: %s", key, value);
341 else if (in_initrd() == !!startswith(key, "rd.")) {
342 if (free_and_strdup(&arg_default_unit, value) < 0)
343 return log_oom();
344 }
345
346 } else if (proc_cmdline_key_streq(key, "systemd.dump_core")) {
347
348 r = value ? parse_boolean(value) : true;
349 if (r < 0)
350 log_warning("Failed to parse dump core switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
351 else
352 arg_dump_core = r;
353
354 } else if (proc_cmdline_key_streq(key, "systemd.crash_chvt")) {
355
356 if (!value)
357 arg_crash_chvt = 0; /* turn on */
358 else if (parse_crash_chvt(value) < 0)
359 log_warning("Failed to parse crash chvt switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
360
361 } else if (proc_cmdline_key_streq(key, "systemd.crash_shell")) {
362
363 r = value ? parse_boolean(value) : true;
364 if (r < 0)
365 log_warning("Failed to parse crash shell switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
366 else
367 arg_crash_shell = r;
368
369 } else if (proc_cmdline_key_streq(key, "systemd.crash_reboot")) {
370
371 r = value ? parse_boolean(value) : true;
372 if (r < 0)
373 log_warning("Failed to parse crash reboot switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
374 else
375 arg_crash_reboot = r;
376
377 } else if (proc_cmdline_key_streq(key, "systemd.confirm_spawn")) {
378 char *s;
379
380 r = parse_confirm_spawn(value, &s);
381 if (r < 0)
382 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to parse confirm_spawn switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
383 else {
384 free(arg_confirm_spawn);
385 arg_confirm_spawn = s;
386 }
387
388 } else if (proc_cmdline_key_streq(key, "systemd.service_watchdogs")) {
389
390 r = value ? parse_boolean(value) : true;
391 if (r < 0)
392 log_warning("Failed to parse service watchdog switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
393 else
394 arg_service_watchdogs = r;
395
396 } else if (proc_cmdline_key_streq(key, "systemd.show_status")) {
397
398 if (value) {
399 r = parse_show_status(value, &arg_show_status);
400 if (r < 0)
401 log_warning("Failed to parse show status switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
402 } else
403 arg_show_status = SHOW_STATUS_YES;
404
405 } else if (proc_cmdline_key_streq(key, "systemd.default_standard_output")) {
406
407 if (proc_cmdline_value_missing(key, value))
408 return 0;
409
410 r = exec_output_from_string(value);
411 if (r < 0)
412 log_warning("Failed to parse default standard output switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
413 else
414 arg_default_std_output = r;
415
416 } else if (proc_cmdline_key_streq(key, "systemd.default_standard_error")) {
417
418 if (proc_cmdline_value_missing(key, value))
419 return 0;
420
421 r = exec_output_from_string(value);
422 if (r < 0)
423 log_warning("Failed to parse default standard error switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
424 else
425 arg_default_std_error = r;
426
427 } else if (streq(key, "systemd.setenv")) {
428
429 if (proc_cmdline_value_missing(key, value))
430 return 0;
431
432 if (env_assignment_is_valid(value)) {
433 char **env;
434
435 env = strv_env_set(arg_default_environment, value);
436 if (!env)
437 return log_oom();
438
439 arg_default_environment = env;
440 } else
441 log_warning("Environment variable name '%s' is not valid. Ignoring.", value);
442
443 } else if (proc_cmdline_key_streq(key, "systemd.machine_id")) {
444
445 if (proc_cmdline_value_missing(key, value))
446 return 0;
447
448 r = set_machine_id(value);
449 if (r < 0)
450 log_warning("MachineID '%s' is not valid. Ignoring.", value);
451
452 } else if (proc_cmdline_key_streq(key, "systemd.default_timeout_start_sec")) {
453
454 if (proc_cmdline_value_missing(key, value))
455 return 0;
456
457 r = parse_sec(value, &arg_default_timeout_start_usec);
458 if (r < 0)
459 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to parse default start timeout: %s, ignoring.", value);
460
461 if (arg_default_timeout_start_usec <= 0)
462 arg_default_timeout_start_usec = USEC_INFINITY;
463
464 } else if (proc_cmdline_key_streq(key, "systemd.watchdog_device")) {
465
466 if (proc_cmdline_value_missing(key, value))
467 return 0;
468
469 parse_path_argument_and_warn(value, false, &arg_watchdog_device);
470
471 } else if (streq(key, "quiet") && !value) {
472
473 if (arg_show_status == _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID)
474 arg_show_status = SHOW_STATUS_AUTO;
475
476 } else if (streq(key, "debug") && !value) {
477
478 /* Note that log_parse_environment() handles 'debug'
479 * too, and sets the log level to LOG_DEBUG. */
480
481 if (detect_container() > 0)
482 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE);
483
484 } else if (!value) {
485 const char *target;
486
487 /* SysV compatibility */
488 target = runlevel_to_target(key);
489 if (target)
490 return free_and_strdup(&arg_default_unit, target);
491 }
492
493 return 0;
494 }
495
496 #define DEFINE_SETTER(name, func, descr) \
497 static int name(const char *unit, \
498 const char *filename, \
499 unsigned line, \
500 const char *section, \
501 unsigned section_line, \
502 const char *lvalue, \
503 int ltype, \
504 const char *rvalue, \
505 void *data, \
506 void *userdata) { \
507 \
508 int r; \
509 \
510 assert(filename); \
511 assert(lvalue); \
512 assert(rvalue); \
513 \
514 r = func(rvalue); \
515 if (r < 0) \
516 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, \
517 "Invalid " descr "'%s': %m", \
518 rvalue); \
519 \
520 return 0; \
521 }
522
523 DEFINE_SETTER(config_parse_level2, log_set_max_level_from_string, "log level");
524 DEFINE_SETTER(config_parse_target, log_set_target_from_string, "target");
525 DEFINE_SETTER(config_parse_color, log_show_color_from_string, "color" );
526 DEFINE_SETTER(config_parse_location, log_show_location_from_string, "location");
527
528 static int config_parse_cpu_affinity2(
529 const char *unit,
530 const char *filename,
531 unsigned line,
532 const char *section,
533 unsigned section_line,
534 const char *lvalue,
535 int ltype,
536 const char *rvalue,
537 void *data,
538 void *userdata) {
539
540 _cleanup_cpu_free_ cpu_set_t *c = NULL;
541 int ncpus;
542
543 ncpus = parse_cpu_set_and_warn(rvalue, &c, unit, filename, line, lvalue);
544 if (ncpus < 0)
545 return ncpus;
546
547 if (sched_setaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus), c) < 0)
548 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to set CPU affinity: %m");
549
550 return 0;
551 }
552
553 static int config_parse_show_status(
554 const char* unit,
555 const char *filename,
556 unsigned line,
557 const char *section,
558 unsigned section_line,
559 const char *lvalue,
560 int ltype,
561 const char *rvalue,
562 void *data,
563 void *userdata) {
564
565 int k;
566 ShowStatus *b = data;
567
568 assert(filename);
569 assert(lvalue);
570 assert(rvalue);
571 assert(data);
572
573 k = parse_show_status(rvalue, b);
574 if (k < 0) {
575 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, k, "Failed to parse show status setting, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
576 return 0;
577 }
578
579 return 0;
580 }
581
582 static int config_parse_output_restricted(
583 const char* unit,
584 const char *filename,
585 unsigned line,
586 const char *section,
587 unsigned section_line,
588 const char *lvalue,
589 int ltype,
590 const char *rvalue,
591 void *data,
592 void *userdata) {
593
594 ExecOutput t, *eo = data;
595
596 assert(filename);
597 assert(lvalue);
598 assert(rvalue);
599 assert(data);
600
601 t = exec_output_from_string(rvalue);
602 if (t < 0) {
603 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Failed to parse output type, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
604 return 0;
605 }
606
607 if (IN_SET(t, EXEC_OUTPUT_SOCKET, EXEC_OUTPUT_NAMED_FD, EXEC_OUTPUT_FILE, EXEC_OUTPUT_FILE_APPEND)) {
608 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Standard output types socket, fd:, file:, append: are not supported as defaults, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
609 return 0;
610 }
611
612 *eo = t;
613 return 0;
614 }
615
616 static int config_parse_crash_chvt(
617 const char* unit,
618 const char *filename,
619 unsigned line,
620 const char *section,
621 unsigned section_line,
622 const char *lvalue,
623 int ltype,
624 const char *rvalue,
625 void *data,
626 void *userdata) {
627
628 int r;
629
630 assert(filename);
631 assert(lvalue);
632 assert(rvalue);
633
634 r = parse_crash_chvt(rvalue);
635 if (r < 0) {
636 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse CrashChangeVT= setting, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
637 return 0;
638 }
639
640 return 0;
641 }
642
643 static int parse_config_file(void) {
644
645 const ConfigTableItem items[] = {
646 { "Manager", "LogLevel", config_parse_level2, 0, NULL },
647 { "Manager", "LogTarget", config_parse_target, 0, NULL },
648 { "Manager", "LogColor", config_parse_color, 0, NULL },
649 { "Manager", "LogLocation", config_parse_location, 0, NULL },
650 { "Manager", "DumpCore", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_dump_core },
651 { "Manager", "CrashChVT", /* legacy */ config_parse_crash_chvt, 0, NULL },
652 { "Manager", "CrashChangeVT", config_parse_crash_chvt, 0, NULL },
653 { "Manager", "CrashShell", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_crash_shell },
654 { "Manager", "CrashReboot", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_crash_reboot },
655 { "Manager", "ShowStatus", config_parse_show_status, 0, &arg_show_status },
656 { "Manager", "CPUAffinity", config_parse_cpu_affinity2, 0, NULL },
657 { "Manager", "JoinControllers", config_parse_join_controllers, 0, &arg_join_controllers },
658 { "Manager", "RuntimeWatchdogSec", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_runtime_watchdog },
659 { "Manager", "ShutdownWatchdogSec", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_shutdown_watchdog },
660 { "Manager", "WatchdogDevice", config_parse_path, 0, &arg_watchdog_device },
661 { "Manager", "CapabilityBoundingSet", config_parse_capability_set, 0, &arg_capability_bounding_set },
662 { "Manager", "NoNewPrivileges", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_no_new_privs },
663 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
664 { "Manager", "SystemCallArchitectures", config_parse_syscall_archs, 0, &arg_syscall_archs },
665 #endif
666 { "Manager", "TimerSlackNSec", config_parse_nsec, 0, &arg_timer_slack_nsec },
667 { "Manager", "DefaultTimerAccuracySec", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_default_timer_accuracy_usec },
668 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardOutput", config_parse_output_restricted,0, &arg_default_std_output },
669 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardError", config_parse_output_restricted,0, &arg_default_std_error },
670 { "Manager", "DefaultTimeoutStartSec", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_default_timeout_start_usec },
671 { "Manager", "DefaultTimeoutStopSec", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_default_timeout_stop_usec },
672 { "Manager", "DefaultRestartSec", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_default_restart_usec },
673 { "Manager", "DefaultStartLimitInterval", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_default_start_limit_interval }, /* obsolete alias */
674 { "Manager", "DefaultStartLimitIntervalSec",config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_default_start_limit_interval },
675 { "Manager", "DefaultStartLimitBurst", config_parse_unsigned, 0, &arg_default_start_limit_burst },
676 { "Manager", "DefaultEnvironment", config_parse_environ, 0, &arg_default_environment },
677 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitCPU", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_CPU, arg_default_rlimit },
678 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitFSIZE", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_FSIZE, arg_default_rlimit },
679 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitDATA", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_DATA, arg_default_rlimit },
680 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitSTACK", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_STACK, arg_default_rlimit },
681 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitCORE", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_CORE, arg_default_rlimit },
682 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRSS", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_RSS, arg_default_rlimit },
683 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNOFILE", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_NOFILE, arg_default_rlimit },
684 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitAS", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_AS, arg_default_rlimit },
685 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNPROC", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_NPROC, arg_default_rlimit },
686 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitMEMLOCK", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, arg_default_rlimit },
687 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitLOCKS", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_LOCKS, arg_default_rlimit },
688 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitSIGPENDING", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_SIGPENDING, arg_default_rlimit },
689 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitMSGQUEUE", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE, arg_default_rlimit },
690 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNICE", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_NICE, arg_default_rlimit },
691 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRTPRIO", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_RTPRIO, arg_default_rlimit },
692 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRTTIME", config_parse_rlimit, RLIMIT_RTTIME, arg_default_rlimit },
693 { "Manager", "DefaultCPUAccounting", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_default_cpu_accounting },
694 { "Manager", "DefaultIOAccounting", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_default_io_accounting },
695 { "Manager", "DefaultIPAccounting", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_default_ip_accounting },
696 { "Manager", "DefaultBlockIOAccounting", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_default_blockio_accounting },
697 { "Manager", "DefaultMemoryAccounting", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_default_memory_accounting },
698 { "Manager", "DefaultTasksAccounting", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_default_tasks_accounting },
699 { "Manager", "DefaultTasksMax", config_parse_tasks_max, 0, &arg_default_tasks_max },
700 { "Manager", "CtrlAltDelBurstAction", config_parse_emergency_action, 0, &arg_cad_burst_action },
701 {}
702 };
703
704 const char *fn, *conf_dirs_nulstr;
705
706 fn = arg_system ?
707 PKGSYSCONFDIR "/system.conf" :
708 PKGSYSCONFDIR "/user.conf";
709
710 conf_dirs_nulstr = arg_system ?
711 CONF_PATHS_NULSTR("systemd/system.conf.d") :
712 CONF_PATHS_NULSTR("systemd/user.conf.d");
713
714 (void) config_parse_many_nulstr(fn, conf_dirs_nulstr, "Manager\0", config_item_table_lookup, items, CONFIG_PARSE_WARN, NULL);
715
716 /* Traditionally "0" was used to turn off the default unit timeouts. Fix this up so that we used USEC_INFINITY
717 * like everywhere else. */
718 if (arg_default_timeout_start_usec <= 0)
719 arg_default_timeout_start_usec = USEC_INFINITY;
720 if (arg_default_timeout_stop_usec <= 0)
721 arg_default_timeout_stop_usec = USEC_INFINITY;
722
723 return 0;
724 }
725
726 static void set_manager_defaults(Manager *m) {
727
728 assert(m);
729
730 /* Propagates the various default unit property settings into the manager object, i.e. properties that do not
731 * affect the manager itself, but are just what newly allocated units will have set if they haven't set
732 * anything else. (Also see set_manager_settings() for the settings that affect the manager's own behaviour) */
733
734 m->default_timer_accuracy_usec = arg_default_timer_accuracy_usec;
735 m->default_std_output = arg_default_std_output;
736 m->default_std_error = arg_default_std_error;
737 m->default_timeout_start_usec = arg_default_timeout_start_usec;
738 m->default_timeout_stop_usec = arg_default_timeout_stop_usec;
739 m->default_restart_usec = arg_default_restart_usec;
740 m->default_start_limit_interval = arg_default_start_limit_interval;
741 m->default_start_limit_burst = arg_default_start_limit_burst;
742 m->default_cpu_accounting = arg_default_cpu_accounting;
743 m->default_io_accounting = arg_default_io_accounting;
744 m->default_ip_accounting = arg_default_ip_accounting;
745 m->default_blockio_accounting = arg_default_blockio_accounting;
746 m->default_memory_accounting = arg_default_memory_accounting;
747 m->default_tasks_accounting = arg_default_tasks_accounting;
748 m->default_tasks_max = arg_default_tasks_max;
749
750 manager_set_default_rlimits(m, arg_default_rlimit);
751 manager_environment_add(m, NULL, arg_default_environment);
752 }
753
754 static void set_manager_settings(Manager *m) {
755
756 assert(m);
757
758 /* Propagates the various manager settings into the manager object, i.e. properties that effect the manager
759 * itself (as opposed to just being inherited into newly allocated units, see set_manager_defaults() above). */
760
761 m->confirm_spawn = arg_confirm_spawn;
762 m->service_watchdogs = arg_service_watchdogs;
763 m->runtime_watchdog = arg_runtime_watchdog;
764 m->shutdown_watchdog = arg_shutdown_watchdog;
765 m->cad_burst_action = arg_cad_burst_action;
766
767 manager_set_show_status(m, arg_show_status);
768 }
769
770 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
771 enum {
772 ARG_LOG_LEVEL = 0x100,
773 ARG_LOG_TARGET,
774 ARG_LOG_COLOR,
775 ARG_LOG_LOCATION,
776 ARG_UNIT,
777 ARG_SYSTEM,
778 ARG_USER,
779 ARG_TEST,
780 ARG_NO_PAGER,
781 ARG_VERSION,
782 ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS,
783 ARG_DUMP_BUS_PROPERTIES,
784 ARG_DUMP_CORE,
785 ARG_CRASH_CHVT,
786 ARG_CRASH_SHELL,
787 ARG_CRASH_REBOOT,
788 ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN,
789 ARG_SHOW_STATUS,
790 ARG_DESERIALIZE,
791 ARG_SWITCHED_ROOT,
792 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT,
793 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR,
794 ARG_MACHINE_ID,
795 ARG_SERVICE_WATCHDOGS,
796 };
797
798 static const struct option options[] = {
799 { "log-level", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_LEVEL },
800 { "log-target", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_TARGET },
801 { "log-color", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_COLOR },
802 { "log-location", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_LOCATION },
803 { "unit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_UNIT },
804 { "system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM },
805 { "user", no_argument, NULL, ARG_USER },
806 { "test", no_argument, NULL, ARG_TEST },
807 { "no-pager", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER },
808 { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
809 { "version", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },
810 { "dump-configuration-items", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS },
811 { "dump-bus-properties", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_BUS_PROPERTIES },
812 { "dump-core", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CORE },
813 { "crash-chvt", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CRASH_CHVT },
814 { "crash-shell", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_CRASH_SHELL },
815 { "crash-reboot", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_CRASH_REBOOT },
816 { "confirm-spawn", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN },
817 { "show-status", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_SHOW_STATUS },
818 { "deserialize", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DESERIALIZE },
819 { "switched-root", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SWITCHED_ROOT },
820 { "default-standard-output", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT, },
821 { "default-standard-error", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR, },
822 { "machine-id", required_argument, NULL, ARG_MACHINE_ID },
823 { "service-watchdogs", required_argument, NULL, ARG_SERVICE_WATCHDOGS },
824 {}
825 };
826
827 int c, r;
828
829 assert(argc >= 1);
830 assert(argv);
831
832 if (getpid_cached() == 1)
833 opterr = 0;
834
835 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hDbsz:", options, NULL)) >= 0)
836
837 switch (c) {
838
839 case ARG_LOG_LEVEL:
840 r = log_set_max_level_from_string(optarg);
841 if (r < 0)
842 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse log level \"%s\": %m", optarg);
843
844 break;
845
846 case ARG_LOG_TARGET:
847 r = log_set_target_from_string(optarg);
848 if (r < 0)
849 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse log target \"%s\": %m", optarg);
850
851 break;
852
853 case ARG_LOG_COLOR:
854
855 if (optarg) {
856 r = log_show_color_from_string(optarg);
857 if (r < 0)
858 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse log color setting \"%s\": %m",
859 optarg);
860 } else
861 log_show_color(true);
862
863 break;
864
865 case ARG_LOG_LOCATION:
866 if (optarg) {
867 r = log_show_location_from_string(optarg);
868 if (r < 0)
869 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse log location setting \"%s\": %m",
870 optarg);
871 } else
872 log_show_location(true);
873
874 break;
875
876 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT:
877 r = exec_output_from_string(optarg);
878 if (r < 0)
879 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse default standard output setting \"%s\": %m",
880 optarg);
881 arg_default_std_output = r;
882 break;
883
884 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR:
885 r = exec_output_from_string(optarg);
886 if (r < 0)
887 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse default standard error output setting \"%s\": %m",
888 optarg);
889 arg_default_std_error = r;
890 break;
891
892 case ARG_UNIT:
893 r = free_and_strdup(&arg_default_unit, optarg);
894 if (r < 0)
895 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set default unit \"%s\": %m", optarg);
896
897 break;
898
899 case ARG_SYSTEM:
900 arg_system = true;
901 break;
902
903 case ARG_USER:
904 arg_system = false;
905 break;
906
907 case ARG_TEST:
908 arg_action = ACTION_TEST;
909 break;
910
911 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
912 arg_no_pager = true;
913 break;
914
915 case ARG_VERSION:
916 arg_action = ACTION_VERSION;
917 break;
918
919 case ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS:
920 arg_action = ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS;
921 break;
922
923 case ARG_DUMP_BUS_PROPERTIES:
924 arg_action = ACTION_DUMP_BUS_PROPERTIES;
925 break;
926
927 case ARG_DUMP_CORE:
928 if (!optarg)
929 arg_dump_core = true;
930 else {
931 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
932 if (r < 0)
933 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse dump core boolean: \"%s\": %m",
934 optarg);
935 arg_dump_core = r;
936 }
937 break;
938
939 case ARG_CRASH_CHVT:
940 r = parse_crash_chvt(optarg);
941 if (r < 0)
942 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse crash virtual terminal index: \"%s\": %m",
943 optarg);
944 break;
945
946 case ARG_CRASH_SHELL:
947 if (!optarg)
948 arg_crash_shell = true;
949 else {
950 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
951 if (r < 0)
952 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse crash shell boolean: \"%s\": %m",
953 optarg);
954 arg_crash_shell = r;
955 }
956 break;
957
958 case ARG_CRASH_REBOOT:
959 if (!optarg)
960 arg_crash_reboot = true;
961 else {
962 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
963 if (r < 0)
964 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse crash shell boolean: \"%s\": %m",
965 optarg);
966 arg_crash_reboot = r;
967 }
968 break;
969
970 case ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN:
971 arg_confirm_spawn = mfree(arg_confirm_spawn);
972
973 r = parse_confirm_spawn(optarg, &arg_confirm_spawn);
974 if (r < 0)
975 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse confirm spawn option: \"%s\": %m",
976 optarg);
977 break;
978
979 case ARG_SERVICE_WATCHDOGS:
980 r = parse_boolean(optarg);
981 if (r < 0)
982 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse service watchdogs boolean: \"%s\": %m",
983 optarg);
984 arg_service_watchdogs = r;
985 break;
986
987 case ARG_SHOW_STATUS:
988 if (optarg) {
989 r = parse_show_status(optarg, &arg_show_status);
990 if (r < 0)
991 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse show status boolean: \"%s\": %m",
992 optarg);
993 } else
994 arg_show_status = SHOW_STATUS_YES;
995 break;
996
997 case ARG_DESERIALIZE: {
998 int fd;
999 FILE *f;
1000
1001 r = safe_atoi(optarg, &fd);
1002 if (r < 0)
1003 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse deserialize option \"%s\": %m", optarg);
1004 if (fd < 0) {
1005 log_error("Invalid deserialize fd: %d", fd);
1006 return -EINVAL;
1007 }
1008
1009 (void) fd_cloexec(fd, true);
1010
1011 f = fdopen(fd, "r");
1012 if (!f)
1013 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open serialization fd %d: %m", fd);
1014
1015 safe_fclose(arg_serialization);
1016 arg_serialization = f;
1017
1018 break;
1019 }
1020
1021 case ARG_SWITCHED_ROOT:
1022 arg_switched_root = true;
1023 break;
1024
1025 case ARG_MACHINE_ID:
1026 r = set_machine_id(optarg);
1027 if (r < 0)
1028 return log_error_errno(r, "MachineID '%s' is not valid: %m", optarg);
1029 break;
1030
1031 case 'h':
1032 arg_action = ACTION_HELP;
1033 break;
1034
1035 case 'D':
1036 log_set_max_level(LOG_DEBUG);
1037 break;
1038
1039 case 'b':
1040 case 's':
1041 case 'z':
1042 /* Just to eat away the sysvinit kernel
1043 * cmdline args without getopt() error
1044 * messages that we'll parse in
1045 * parse_proc_cmdline_word() or ignore. */
1046
1047 case '?':
1048 if (getpid_cached() != 1)
1049 return -EINVAL;
1050 else
1051 return 0;
1052
1053 default:
1054 assert_not_reached("Unhandled option code.");
1055 }
1056
1057 if (optind < argc && getpid_cached() != 1) {
1058 /* Hmm, when we aren't run as init system
1059 * let's complain about excess arguments */
1060
1061 log_error("Excess arguments.");
1062 return -EINVAL;
1063 }
1064
1065 return 0;
1066 }
1067
1068 static int help(void) {
1069
1070 printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
1071 "Starts up and maintains the system or user services.\n\n"
1072 " -h --help Show this help\n"
1073 " --version Show version\n"
1074 " --test Determine startup sequence, dump it and exit\n"
1075 " --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
1076 " --dump-configuration-items Dump understood unit configuration items\n"
1077 " --dump-bus-properties Dump exposed bus properties\n"
1078 " --unit=UNIT Set default unit\n"
1079 " --system Run a system instance, even if PID != 1\n"
1080 " --user Run a user instance\n"
1081 " --dump-core[=BOOL] Dump core on crash\n"
1082 " --crash-vt=NR Change to specified VT on crash\n"
1083 " --crash-reboot[=BOOL] Reboot on crash\n"
1084 " --crash-shell[=BOOL] Run shell on crash\n"
1085 " --confirm-spawn[=BOOL] Ask for confirmation when spawning processes\n"
1086 " --show-status[=BOOL] Show status updates on the console during bootup\n"
1087 " --log-target=TARGET Set log target (console, journal, kmsg, journal-or-kmsg, null)\n"
1088 " --log-level=LEVEL Set log level (debug, info, notice, warning, err, crit, alert, emerg)\n"
1089 " --log-color[=BOOL] Highlight important log messages\n"
1090 " --log-location[=BOOL] Include code location in log messages\n"
1091 " --default-standard-output= Set default standard output for services\n"
1092 " --default-standard-error= Set default standard error output for services\n",
1093 program_invocation_short_name);
1094
1095 return 0;
1096 }
1097
1098 static int prepare_reexecute(Manager *m, FILE **_f, FDSet **_fds, bool switching_root) {
1099 _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
1100 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
1101 int r;
1102
1103 assert(m);
1104 assert(_f);
1105 assert(_fds);
1106
1107 r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f);
1108 if (r < 0)
1109 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create serialization file: %m");
1110
1111 /* Make sure nothing is really destructed when we shut down */
1112 m->n_reloading++;
1113 bus_manager_send_reloading(m, true);
1114
1115 fds = fdset_new();
1116 if (!fds)
1117 return log_oom();
1118
1119 r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds, switching_root);
1120 if (r < 0)
1121 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to serialize state: %m");
1122
1123 if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) == (off_t) -1)
1124 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to rewind serialization fd: %m");
1125
1126 r = fd_cloexec(fileno(f), false);
1127 if (r < 0)
1128 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization: %m");
1129
1130 r = fdset_cloexec(fds, false);
1131 if (r < 0)
1132 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization fds: %m");
1133
1134 *_f = TAKE_PTR(f);
1135 *_fds = TAKE_PTR(fds);
1136
1137 return 0;
1138 }
1139
1140 static int bump_rlimit_nofile(struct rlimit *saved_rlimit) {
1141 int r, nr;
1142
1143 assert(saved_rlimit);
1144
1145 /* Save the original RLIMIT_NOFILE so that we can reset it
1146 * later when transitioning from the initrd to the main
1147 * systemd or suchlike. */
1148 if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, saved_rlimit) < 0)
1149 return log_warning_errno(errno, "Reading RLIMIT_NOFILE failed, ignoring: %m");
1150
1151 /* Make sure forked processes get the default kernel setting */
1152 if (!arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE]) {
1153 struct rlimit *rl;
1154
1155 rl = newdup(struct rlimit, saved_rlimit, 1);
1156 if (!rl)
1157 return log_oom();
1158
1159 arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE] = rl;
1160 }
1161
1162 /* Bump up the resource limit for ourselves substantially, all the way to the maximum the kernel allows */
1163 nr = read_nr_open();
1164 r = setrlimit_closest(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &RLIMIT_MAKE_CONST(nr));
1165 if (r < 0)
1166 return log_warning_errno(r, "Setting RLIMIT_NOFILE failed, ignoring: %m");
1167
1168 return 0;
1169 }
1170
1171 static int bump_rlimit_memlock(struct rlimit *saved_rlimit) {
1172 int r;
1173
1174 assert(saved_rlimit);
1175 assert(getuid() == 0);
1176
1177 /* BPF_MAP_TYPE_LPM_TRIE bpf maps are charged against RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, even though we have CAP_IPC_LOCK which
1178 * should normally disable such checks. We need them to implement IPAccessAllow= and IPAccessDeny=, hence let's
1179 * bump the value high enough for the root user. */
1180
1181 if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, saved_rlimit) < 0)
1182 return log_warning_errno(errno, "Reading RLIMIT_MEMLOCK failed, ignoring: %m");
1183
1184 r = setrlimit_closest(RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, &RLIMIT_MAKE_CONST(1024ULL*1024ULL*16ULL));
1185 if (r < 0)
1186 return log_warning_errno(r, "Setting RLIMIT_MEMLOCK failed, ignoring: %m");
1187
1188 return 0;
1189 }
1190
1191 static void test_usr(void) {
1192
1193 /* Check that /usr is not a separate fs */
1194
1195 if (dir_is_empty("/usr") <= 0)
1196 return;
1197
1198 log_warning("/usr appears to be on its own filesystem and is not already mounted. This is not a supported setup. "
1199 "Some things will probably break (sometimes even silently) in mysterious ways. "
1200 "Consult http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/separate-usr-is-broken for more information.");
1201 }
1202
1203 static int enforce_syscall_archs(Set *archs) {
1204 #if HAVE_SECCOMP
1205 int r;
1206
1207 if (!is_seccomp_available())
1208 return 0;
1209
1210 r = seccomp_restrict_archs(arg_syscall_archs);
1211 if (r < 0)
1212 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to enforce system call architecture restrication: %m");
1213 #endif
1214 return 0;
1215 }
1216
1217 static int status_welcome(void) {
1218 _cleanup_free_ char *pretty_name = NULL, *ansi_color = NULL;
1219 int r;
1220
1221 if (IN_SET(arg_show_status, SHOW_STATUS_NO, SHOW_STATUS_AUTO))
1222 return 0;
1223
1224 r = parse_os_release(NULL,
1225 "PRETTY_NAME", &pretty_name,
1226 "ANSI_COLOR", &ansi_color,
1227 NULL);
1228 if (r < 0)
1229 log_full_errno(r == -ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
1230 "Failed to read os-release file, ignoring: %m");
1231
1232 if (log_get_show_color())
1233 return status_printf(NULL, false, false,
1234 "\nWelcome to \x1B[%sm%s\x1B[0m!\n",
1235 isempty(ansi_color) ? "1" : ansi_color,
1236 isempty(pretty_name) ? "Linux" : pretty_name);
1237 else
1238 return status_printf(NULL, false, false,
1239 "\nWelcome to %s!\n",
1240 isempty(pretty_name) ? "Linux" : pretty_name);
1241 }
1242
1243 static int write_container_id(void) {
1244 const char *c;
1245 int r;
1246
1247 c = getenv("container");
1248 if (isempty(c))
1249 return 0;
1250
1251 RUN_WITH_UMASK(0022)
1252 r = write_string_file("/run/systemd/container", c, WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE);
1253 if (r < 0)
1254 return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to write /run/systemd/container, ignoring: %m");
1255
1256 return 1;
1257 }
1258
1259 static int bump_unix_max_dgram_qlen(void) {
1260 _cleanup_free_ char *qlen = NULL;
1261 unsigned long v;
1262 int r;
1263
1264 /* Let's bump the net.unix.max_dgram_qlen sysctl. The kernel default of 16 is simply too low. We set the value
1265 * really really early during boot, so that it is actually applied to all our sockets, including the
1266 * $NOTIFY_SOCKET one. */
1267
1268 r = read_one_line_file("/proc/sys/net/unix/max_dgram_qlen", &qlen);
1269 if (r < 0)
1270 return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to read AF_UNIX datagram queue length, ignoring: %m");
1271
1272 r = safe_atolu(qlen, &v);
1273 if (r < 0)
1274 return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to parse AF_UNIX datagram queue length '%s', ignoring: %m", qlen);
1275
1276 if (v >= DEFAULT_UNIX_MAX_DGRAM_QLEN)
1277 return 0;
1278
1279 r = write_string_filef("/proc/sys/net/unix/max_dgram_qlen", 0, "%lu", DEFAULT_UNIX_MAX_DGRAM_QLEN);
1280 if (r < 0)
1281 return log_full_errno(IN_SET(r, -EROFS, -EPERM, -EACCES) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
1282 "Failed to bump AF_UNIX datagram queue length, ignoring: %m");
1283
1284 return 1;
1285 }
1286
1287 static int fixup_environment(void) {
1288 _cleanup_free_ char *term = NULL;
1289 const char *t;
1290 int r;
1291
1292 /* Only fix up the environment when we are started as PID 1 */
1293 if (getpid_cached() != 1)
1294 return 0;
1295
1296 /* We expect the environment to be set correctly if run inside a container. */
1297 if (detect_container() > 0)
1298 return 0;
1299
1300 /* When started as PID1, the kernel uses /dev/console for our stdios and uses TERM=linux whatever the backend
1301 * device used by the console. We try to make a better guess here since some consoles might not have support
1302 * for color mode for example.
1303 *
1304 * However if TERM was configured through the kernel command line then leave it alone. */
1305 r = proc_cmdline_get_key("TERM", 0, &term);
1306 if (r < 0)
1307 return r;
1308
1309 t = term ?: default_term_for_tty("/dev/console");
1310
1311 if (setenv("TERM", t, 1) < 0)
1312 return -errno;
1313
1314 return 0;
1315 }
1316
1317 static void redirect_telinit(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1318
1319 /* This is compatibility support for SysV, where calling init as a user is identical to telinit. */
1320
1321 #if HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1322 if (getpid_cached() == 1)
1323 return;
1324
1325 if (!strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init"))
1326 return;
1327
1328 execv(SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH, argv);
1329 log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to exec " SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH ": %m");
1330 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1331 #endif
1332 }
1333
1334 static int become_shutdown(
1335 const char *shutdown_verb,
1336 int retval) {
1337
1338 char log_level[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(int) + 1],
1339 exit_code[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uint8_t) + 1],
1340 timeout[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(usec_t) + 1];
1341
1342 const char* command_line[13] = {
1343 SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH,
1344 shutdown_verb,
1345 "--timeout", timeout,
1346 "--log-level", log_level,
1347 "--log-target",
1348 };
1349
1350 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **env_block = NULL;
1351 size_t pos = 7;
1352 int r;
1353
1354 assert(shutdown_verb);
1355 assert(!command_line[pos]);
1356 env_block = strv_copy(environ);
1357
1358 xsprintf(log_level, "%d", log_get_max_level());
1359 xsprintf(timeout, "%" PRI_USEC "us", arg_default_timeout_stop_usec);
1360
1361 switch (log_get_target()) {
1362
1363 case LOG_TARGET_KMSG:
1364 case LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL_OR_KMSG:
1365 case LOG_TARGET_SYSLOG_OR_KMSG:
1366 command_line[pos++] = "kmsg";
1367 break;
1368
1369 case LOG_TARGET_NULL:
1370 command_line[pos++] = "null";
1371 break;
1372
1373 case LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE:
1374 default:
1375 command_line[pos++] = "console";
1376 break;
1377 };
1378
1379 if (log_get_show_color())
1380 command_line[pos++] = "--log-color";
1381
1382 if (log_get_show_location())
1383 command_line[pos++] = "--log-location";
1384
1385 if (streq(shutdown_verb, "exit")) {
1386 command_line[pos++] = "--exit-code";
1387 command_line[pos++] = exit_code;
1388 xsprintf(exit_code, "%d", retval);
1389 }
1390
1391 assert(pos < ELEMENTSOF(command_line));
1392
1393 if (streq(shutdown_verb, "reboot") &&
1394 arg_shutdown_watchdog > 0 &&
1395 arg_shutdown_watchdog != USEC_INFINITY) {
1396
1397 char *e;
1398
1399 /* If we reboot let's set the shutdown
1400 * watchdog and tell the shutdown binary to
1401 * repeatedly ping it */
1402 r = watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_shutdown_watchdog);
1403 watchdog_close(r < 0);
1404
1405 /* Tell the binary how often to ping, ignore failure */
1406 if (asprintf(&e, "WATCHDOG_USEC="USEC_FMT, arg_shutdown_watchdog) > 0)
1407 (void) strv_consume(&env_block, e);
1408
1409 if (arg_watchdog_device &&
1410 asprintf(&e, "WATCHDOG_DEVICE=%s", arg_watchdog_device) > 0)
1411 (void) strv_consume(&env_block, e);
1412 } else
1413 watchdog_close(true);
1414
1415 /* Avoid the creation of new processes forked by the
1416 * kernel; at this point, we will not listen to the
1417 * signals anyway */
1418 if (detect_container() <= 0)
1419 (void) cg_uninstall_release_agent(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER);
1420
1421 execve(SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH, (char **) command_line, env_block);
1422 return -errno;
1423 }
1424
1425 static void initialize_clock(void) {
1426 int r;
1427
1428 if (clock_is_localtime(NULL) > 0) {
1429 int min;
1430
1431 /*
1432 * The very first call of settimeofday() also does a time warp in the kernel.
1433 *
1434 * In the rtc-in-local time mode, we set the kernel's timezone, and rely on external tools to take care
1435 * of maintaining the RTC and do all adjustments. This matches the behavior of Windows, which leaves
1436 * the RTC alone if the registry tells that the RTC runs in UTC.
1437 */
1438 r = clock_set_timezone(&min);
1439 if (r < 0)
1440 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to apply local time delta, ignoring: %m");
1441 else
1442 log_info("RTC configured in localtime, applying delta of %i minutes to system time.", min);
1443
1444 } else if (!in_initrd()) {
1445 /*
1446 * Do a dummy very first call to seal the kernel's time warp magic.
1447 *
1448 * Do not call this from inside the initrd. The initrd might not carry /etc/adjtime with LOCAL, but the
1449 * real system could be set up that way. In such case, we need to delay the time-warp or the sealing
1450 * until we reach the real system.
1451 *
1452 * Do no set the kernel's timezone. The concept of local time cannot be supported reliably, the time
1453 * will jump or be incorrect at every daylight saving time change. All kernel local time concepts will
1454 * be treated as UTC that way.
1455 */
1456 (void) clock_reset_timewarp();
1457 }
1458
1459 r = clock_apply_epoch();
1460 if (r < 0)
1461 log_error_errno(r, "Current system time is before build time, but cannot correct: %m");
1462 else if (r > 0)
1463 log_info("System time before build time, advancing clock.");
1464 }
1465
1466 static void initialize_coredump(bool skip_setup) {
1467 #if ENABLE_COREDUMP
1468 if (getpid_cached() != 1)
1469 return;
1470
1471 /* Don't limit the core dump size, so that coredump handlers such as systemd-coredump (which honour the limit)
1472 * will process core dumps for system services by default. */
1473 if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &RLIMIT_MAKE_CONST(RLIM_INFINITY)) < 0)
1474 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to set RLIMIT_CORE: %m");
1475
1476 /* But at the same time, turn off the core_pattern logic by default, so that no coredumps are stored
1477 * until the systemd-coredump tool is enabled via sysctl. */
1478 if (!skip_setup)
1479 disable_coredumps();
1480 #endif
1481 }
1482
1483 static void do_reexecute(
1484 int argc,
1485 char *argv[],
1486 const struct rlimit *saved_rlimit_nofile,
1487 const struct rlimit *saved_rlimit_memlock,
1488 FDSet *fds,
1489 const char *switch_root_dir,
1490 const char *switch_root_init,
1491 const char **ret_error_message) {
1492
1493 unsigned i, j, args_size;
1494 const char **args;
1495 int r;
1496
1497 assert(saved_rlimit_nofile);
1498 assert(saved_rlimit_memlock);
1499 assert(ret_error_message);
1500
1501 /* Close and disarm the watchdog, so that the new instance can reinitialize it, but doesn't get rebooted while
1502 * we do that */
1503 watchdog_close(true);
1504
1505 /* Reset the RLIMIT_NOFILE to the kernel default, so that the new systemd can pass the kernel default to its
1506 * child processes */
1507
1508 if (saved_rlimit_nofile->rlim_cur > 0)
1509 (void) setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, saved_rlimit_nofile);
1510 if (saved_rlimit_memlock->rlim_cur != (rlim_t) -1)
1511 (void) setrlimit(RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, saved_rlimit_memlock);
1512
1513 if (switch_root_dir) {
1514 /* Kill all remaining processes from the initrd, but don't wait for them, so that we can handle the
1515 * SIGCHLD for them after deserializing. */
1516 broadcast_signal(SIGTERM, false, true, arg_default_timeout_stop_usec);
1517
1518 /* And switch root with MS_MOVE, because we remove the old directory afterwards and detach it. */
1519 r = switch_root(switch_root_dir, "/mnt", true, MS_MOVE);
1520 if (r < 0)
1521 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to switch root, trying to continue: %m");
1522 }
1523
1524 args_size = MAX(6, argc+1);
1525 args = newa(const char*, args_size);
1526
1527 if (!switch_root_init) {
1528 char sfd[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(int) + 1];
1529
1530 /* First try to spawn ourselves with the right path, and with full serialization. We do this only if
1531 * the user didn't specify an explicit init to spawn. */
1532
1533 assert(arg_serialization);
1534 assert(fds);
1535
1536 xsprintf(sfd, "%i", fileno(arg_serialization));
1537
1538 i = 0;
1539 args[i++] = SYSTEMD_BINARY_PATH;
1540 if (switch_root_dir)
1541 args[i++] = "--switched-root";
1542 args[i++] = arg_system ? "--system" : "--user";
1543 args[i++] = "--deserialize";
1544 args[i++] = sfd;
1545 args[i++] = NULL;
1546
1547 assert(i <= args_size);
1548
1549 /*
1550 * We want valgrind to print its memory usage summary before reexecution. Valgrind won't do this is on
1551 * its own on exec(), but it will do it on exit(). Hence, to ensure we get a summary here, fork() off
1552 * a child, let it exit() cleanly, so that it prints the summary, and wait() for it in the parent,
1553 * before proceeding into the exec().
1554 */
1555 valgrind_summary_hack();
1556
1557 (void) execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1558 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to execute our own binary, trying fallback: %m");
1559 }
1560
1561 /* Try the fallback, if there is any, without any serialization. We pass the original argv[] and envp[]. (Well,
1562 * modulo the ordering changes due to getopt() in argv[], and some cleanups in envp[], but let's hope that
1563 * doesn't matter.) */
1564
1565 arg_serialization = safe_fclose(arg_serialization);
1566 fds = fdset_free(fds);
1567
1568 /* Reopen the console */
1569 (void) make_console_stdio();
1570
1571 for (j = 1, i = 1; j < (unsigned) argc; j++)
1572 args[i++] = argv[j];
1573 args[i++] = NULL;
1574 assert(i <= args_size);
1575
1576 /* Reenable any blocked signals, especially important if we switch from initial ramdisk to init=... */
1577 (void) reset_all_signal_handlers();
1578 (void) reset_signal_mask();
1579
1580 if (switch_root_init) {
1581 args[0] = switch_root_init;
1582 (void) execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1583 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to execute configured init, trying fallback: %m");
1584 }
1585
1586 args[0] = "/sbin/init";
1587 (void) execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1588 r = -errno;
1589
1590 manager_status_printf(NULL, STATUS_TYPE_EMERGENCY,
1591 ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED " !! " ANSI_NORMAL,
1592 "Failed to execute /sbin/init");
1593
1594 if (r == -ENOENT) {
1595 log_warning("No /sbin/init, trying fallback");
1596
1597 args[0] = "/bin/sh";
1598 args[1] = NULL;
1599 (void) execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1600 log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to execute /bin/sh, giving up: %m");
1601 } else
1602 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to execute /sbin/init, giving up: %m");
1603
1604 *ret_error_message = "Failed to execute fallback shell";
1605 }
1606
1607 static int invoke_main_loop(
1608 Manager *m,
1609 bool *ret_reexecute,
1610 int *ret_retval, /* Return parameters relevant for shutting down */
1611 const char **ret_shutdown_verb, /* … */
1612 FDSet **ret_fds, /* Return parameters for reexecuting */
1613 char **ret_switch_root_dir, /* … */
1614 char **ret_switch_root_init, /* … */
1615 const char **ret_error_message) {
1616
1617 int r;
1618
1619 assert(m);
1620 assert(ret_reexecute);
1621 assert(ret_retval);
1622 assert(ret_shutdown_verb);
1623 assert(ret_fds);
1624 assert(ret_switch_root_dir);
1625 assert(ret_switch_root_init);
1626 assert(ret_error_message);
1627
1628 for (;;) {
1629 r = manager_loop(m);
1630 if (r < 0) {
1631 *ret_error_message = "Failed to run main loop";
1632 return log_emergency_errno(r, "Failed to run main loop: %m");
1633 }
1634
1635 switch (m->exit_code) {
1636
1637 case MANAGER_RELOAD: {
1638 LogTarget saved_log_target;
1639 int saved_log_level;
1640
1641 log_info("Reloading.");
1642
1643 /* First, save any overridden log level/target, then parse the configuration file, which might
1644 * change the log level to new settings. */
1645
1646 saved_log_level = m->log_level_overridden ? log_get_max_level() : -1;
1647 saved_log_target = m->log_target_overridden ? log_get_target() : _LOG_TARGET_INVALID;
1648
1649 r = parse_config_file();
1650 if (r < 0)
1651 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to parse config file, ignoring: %m");
1652
1653 set_manager_defaults(m);
1654
1655 if (saved_log_level >= 0)
1656 manager_override_log_level(m, saved_log_level);
1657 if (saved_log_target >= 0)
1658 manager_override_log_target(m, saved_log_target);
1659
1660 r = manager_reload(m);
1661 if (r < 0)
1662 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to reload, ignoring: %m");
1663
1664 break;
1665 }
1666
1667 case MANAGER_REEXECUTE:
1668
1669 r = prepare_reexecute(m, &arg_serialization, ret_fds, false);
1670 if (r < 0) {
1671 *ret_error_message = "Failed to prepare for reexecution";
1672 return r;
1673 }
1674
1675 log_notice("Reexecuting.");
1676
1677 *ret_reexecute = true;
1678 *ret_retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1679 *ret_shutdown_verb = NULL;
1680 *ret_switch_root_dir = *ret_switch_root_init = NULL;
1681
1682 return 0;
1683
1684 case MANAGER_SWITCH_ROOT:
1685 if (!m->switch_root_init) {
1686 r = prepare_reexecute(m, &arg_serialization, ret_fds, true);
1687 if (r < 0) {
1688 *ret_error_message = "Failed to prepare for reexecution";
1689 return r;
1690 }
1691 } else
1692 *ret_fds = NULL;
1693
1694 log_notice("Switching root.");
1695
1696 *ret_reexecute = true;
1697 *ret_retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1698 *ret_shutdown_verb = NULL;
1699
1700 /* Steal the switch root parameters */
1701 *ret_switch_root_dir = m->switch_root;
1702 *ret_switch_root_init = m->switch_root_init;
1703 m->switch_root = m->switch_root_init = NULL;
1704
1705 return 0;
1706
1707 case MANAGER_EXIT:
1708
1709 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m)) {
1710 log_debug("Exit.");
1711
1712 *ret_reexecute = false;
1713 *ret_retval = m->return_value;
1714 *ret_shutdown_verb = NULL;
1715 *ret_fds = NULL;
1716 *ret_switch_root_dir = *ret_switch_root_init = NULL;
1717
1718 return 0;
1719 }
1720
1721 _fallthrough_;
1722 case MANAGER_REBOOT:
1723 case MANAGER_POWEROFF:
1724 case MANAGER_HALT:
1725 case MANAGER_KEXEC: {
1726 static const char * const table[_MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_MAX] = {
1727 [MANAGER_EXIT] = "exit",
1728 [MANAGER_REBOOT] = "reboot",
1729 [MANAGER_POWEROFF] = "poweroff",
1730 [MANAGER_HALT] = "halt",
1731 [MANAGER_KEXEC] = "kexec"
1732 };
1733
1734 log_notice("Shutting down.");
1735
1736 *ret_reexecute = false;
1737 *ret_retval = m->return_value;
1738 assert_se(*ret_shutdown_verb = table[m->exit_code]);
1739 *ret_fds = NULL;
1740 *ret_switch_root_dir = *ret_switch_root_init = NULL;
1741
1742 return 0;
1743 }
1744
1745 default:
1746 assert_not_reached("Unknown exit code.");
1747 }
1748 }
1749 }
1750
1751 static void log_execution_mode(bool *ret_first_boot) {
1752 assert(ret_first_boot);
1753
1754 if (arg_system) {
1755 int v;
1756
1757 log_info(PACKAGE_STRING " running in %ssystem mode. (" SYSTEMD_FEATURES ")",
1758 arg_action == ACTION_TEST ? "test " : "" );
1759
1760 v = detect_virtualization();
1761 if (v > 0)
1762 log_info("Detected virtualization %s.", virtualization_to_string(v));
1763
1764 log_info("Detected architecture %s.", architecture_to_string(uname_architecture()));
1765
1766 if (in_initrd()) {
1767 *ret_first_boot = false;
1768 log_info("Running in initial RAM disk.");
1769 } else {
1770 /* Let's check whether we are in first boot, i.e. whether /etc is still unpopulated. We use
1771 * /etc/machine-id as flag file, for this: if it exists we assume /etc is populated, if it
1772 * doesn't it's unpopulated. This allows container managers and installers to provision a
1773 * couple of files already. If the container manager wants to provision the machine ID itself
1774 * it should pass $container_uuid to PID 1. */
1775
1776 *ret_first_boot = access("/etc/machine-id", F_OK) < 0;
1777 if (*ret_first_boot)
1778 log_info("Running with unpopulated /etc.");
1779 }
1780 } else {
1781 if (DEBUG_LOGGING) {
1782 _cleanup_free_ char *t;
1783
1784 t = uid_to_name(getuid());
1785 log_debug(PACKAGE_STRING " running in %suser mode for user " UID_FMT "/%s. (" SYSTEMD_FEATURES ")",
1786 arg_action == ACTION_TEST ? " test" : "", getuid(), strna(t));
1787 }
1788
1789 *ret_first_boot = false;
1790 }
1791 }
1792
1793 static int initialize_runtime(
1794 bool skip_setup,
1795 struct rlimit *saved_rlimit_nofile,
1796 struct rlimit *saved_rlimit_memlock,
1797 const char **ret_error_message) {
1798
1799 int r;
1800
1801 assert(ret_error_message);
1802
1803 /* Sets up various runtime parameters. Many of these initializations are conditionalized:
1804 *
1805 * - Some only apply to --system instances
1806 * - Some only apply to --user instances
1807 * - Some only apply when we first start up, but not when we reexecute
1808 */
1809
1810 if (arg_action != ACTION_RUN)
1811 return 0;
1812
1813 if (arg_system) {
1814 /* Make sure we leave a core dump without panicing the kernel. */
1815 install_crash_handler();
1816
1817 if (!skip_setup) {
1818 r = mount_cgroup_controllers(arg_join_controllers);
1819 if (r < 0) {
1820 *ret_error_message = "Failed to mount cgroup hierarchies";
1821 return r;
1822 }
1823
1824 status_welcome();
1825 hostname_setup();
1826 machine_id_setup(NULL, arg_machine_id, NULL);
1827 loopback_setup();
1828 bump_unix_max_dgram_qlen();
1829 test_usr();
1830 write_container_id();
1831 }
1832
1833 if (arg_watchdog_device) {
1834 r = watchdog_set_device(arg_watchdog_device);
1835 if (r < 0)
1836 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to set watchdog device to %s, ignoring: %m", arg_watchdog_device);
1837 }
1838
1839 if (arg_runtime_watchdog > 0 && arg_runtime_watchdog != USEC_INFINITY)
1840 watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_runtime_watchdog);
1841 }
1842
1843 if (arg_timer_slack_nsec != NSEC_INFINITY)
1844 if (prctl(PR_SET_TIMERSLACK, arg_timer_slack_nsec) < 0)
1845 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust timer slack, ignoring: %m");
1846
1847 if (arg_system && !cap_test_all(arg_capability_bounding_set)) {
1848 r = capability_bounding_set_drop_usermode(arg_capability_bounding_set);
1849 if (r < 0) {
1850 *ret_error_message = "Failed to drop capability bounding set of usermode helpers";
1851 return log_emergency_errno(r, "Failed to drop capability bounding set of usermode helpers: %m");
1852 }
1853
1854 r = capability_bounding_set_drop(arg_capability_bounding_set, true);
1855 if (r < 0) {
1856 *ret_error_message = "Failed to drop capability bounding set";
1857 return log_emergency_errno(r, "Failed to drop capability bounding set: %m");
1858 }
1859 }
1860
1861 if (arg_system && arg_no_new_privs) {
1862 if (prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0) < 0) {
1863 *ret_error_message = "Failed to disable new privileges";
1864 return log_emergency_errno(errno, "Failed to disable new privileges: %m");
1865 }
1866 }
1867
1868 if (arg_syscall_archs) {
1869 r = enforce_syscall_archs(arg_syscall_archs);
1870 if (r < 0) {
1871 *ret_error_message = "Failed to set syscall architectures";
1872 return r;
1873 }
1874 }
1875
1876 if (!arg_system)
1877 /* Become reaper of our children */
1878 if (prctl(PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER, 1) < 0)
1879 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to make us a subreaper: %m");
1880
1881 if (arg_system) {
1882 /* Bump up RLIMIT_NOFILE for systemd itself */
1883 (void) bump_rlimit_nofile(saved_rlimit_nofile);
1884 (void) bump_rlimit_memlock(saved_rlimit_memlock);
1885 }
1886
1887 return 0;
1888 }
1889
1890 static int do_queue_default_job(
1891 Manager *m,
1892 const char **ret_error_message) {
1893
1894 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
1895 Job *default_unit_job;
1896 Unit *target = NULL;
1897 int r;
1898
1899 log_debug("Activating default unit: %s", arg_default_unit);
1900
1901 r = manager_load_startable_unit_or_warn(m, arg_default_unit, NULL, &target);
1902 if (r < 0) {
1903 log_info("Falling back to rescue target: " SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET);
1904
1905 r = manager_load_startable_unit_or_warn(m, SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET, NULL, &target);
1906 if (r < 0) {
1907 *ret_error_message = r == -ERFKILL ? "Rescue target masked"
1908 : "Failed to load rescue target";
1909 return r;
1910 }
1911 }
1912
1913 assert(target->load_state == UNIT_LOADED);
1914
1915 r = manager_add_job(m, JOB_START, target, JOB_ISOLATE, &error, &default_unit_job);
1916 if (r == -EPERM) {
1917 log_debug_errno(r, "Default target could not be isolated, starting instead: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
1918
1919 sd_bus_error_free(&error);
1920
1921 r = manager_add_job(m, JOB_START, target, JOB_REPLACE, &error, &default_unit_job);
1922 if (r < 0) {
1923 *ret_error_message = "Failed to start default target";
1924 return log_emergency_errno(r, "Failed to start default target: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
1925 }
1926
1927 } else if (r < 0) {
1928 *ret_error_message = "Failed to isolate default target";
1929 return log_emergency_errno(r, "Failed to isolate default target: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
1930 }
1931
1932 m->default_unit_job_id = default_unit_job->id;
1933
1934 return 0;
1935 }
1936
1937 static void free_arguments(void) {
1938
1939 /* Frees all arg_* variables, with the exception of arg_serialization */
1940 rlimit_free_all(arg_default_rlimit);
1941
1942 arg_default_unit = mfree(arg_default_unit);
1943 arg_confirm_spawn = mfree(arg_confirm_spawn);
1944 arg_join_controllers = strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers);
1945 arg_default_environment = strv_free(arg_default_environment);
1946 arg_syscall_archs = set_free(arg_syscall_archs);
1947 }
1948
1949 static int load_configuration(int argc, char **argv, const char **ret_error_message) {
1950 int r;
1951
1952 assert(ret_error_message);
1953
1954 arg_default_tasks_max = system_tasks_max_scale(DEFAULT_TASKS_MAX_PERCENTAGE, 100U);
1955
1956 r = parse_config_file();
1957 if (r < 0) {
1958 *ret_error_message = "Failed to parse config file";
1959 return r;
1960 }
1961
1962 if (arg_system) {
1963 r = proc_cmdline_parse(parse_proc_cmdline_item, NULL, 0);
1964 if (r < 0)
1965 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to parse kernel command line, ignoring: %m");
1966 }
1967
1968 /* Note that this also parses bits from the kernel command line, including "debug". */
1969 log_parse_environment();
1970
1971 r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
1972 if (r < 0) {
1973 *ret_error_message = "Failed to parse commandline arguments";
1974 return r;
1975 }
1976
1977 /* Initialize default unit */
1978 if (!arg_default_unit) {
1979 arg_default_unit = strdup(SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET);
1980 if (!arg_default_unit) {
1981 *ret_error_message = "Failed to set default unit";
1982 return log_oom();
1983 }
1984 }
1985
1986 /* Initialize the show status setting if it hasn't been set explicitly yet */
1987 if (arg_show_status == _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID)
1988 arg_show_status = SHOW_STATUS_YES;
1989
1990 return 0;
1991 }
1992
1993 static int safety_checks(void) {
1994
1995 if (getpid_cached() == 1 &&
1996 arg_action != ACTION_RUN) {
1997 log_error("Unsupported execution mode while PID 1.");
1998 return -EPERM;
1999 }
2000
2001 if (getpid_cached() == 1 &&
2002 !arg_system) {
2003 log_error("Can't run --user mode as PID 1.");
2004 return -EPERM;
2005 }
2006
2007 if (arg_action == ACTION_RUN &&
2008 arg_system &&
2009 getpid_cached() != 1) {
2010 log_error("Can't run system mode unless PID 1.");
2011 return -EPERM;
2012 }
2013
2014 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST &&
2015 geteuid() == 0) {
2016 log_error("Don't run test mode as root.");
2017 return -EPERM;
2018 }
2019
2020 if (!arg_system &&
2021 arg_action == ACTION_RUN &&
2022 sd_booted() <= 0) {
2023 log_error("Trying to run as user instance, but the system has not been booted with systemd.");
2024 return -EOPNOTSUPP;
2025 }
2026
2027 if (!arg_system &&
2028 arg_action == ACTION_RUN &&
2029 !getenv("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR")) {
2030 log_error("Trying to run as user instance, but $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is not set.");
2031 return -EUNATCH;
2032 }
2033
2034 if (arg_system &&
2035 arg_action == ACTION_RUN &&
2036 running_in_chroot() > 0) {
2037 log_error("Cannot be run in a chroot() environment.");
2038 return -EOPNOTSUPP;
2039 }
2040
2041 return 0;
2042 }
2043
2044 static int initialize_security(
2045 bool *loaded_policy,
2046 dual_timestamp *security_start_timestamp,
2047 dual_timestamp *security_finish_timestamp,
2048 const char **ret_error_message) {
2049
2050 int r;
2051
2052 assert(loaded_policy);
2053 assert(security_start_timestamp);
2054 assert(security_finish_timestamp);
2055 assert(ret_error_message);
2056
2057 dual_timestamp_get(security_start_timestamp);
2058
2059 r = mac_selinux_setup(loaded_policy);
2060 if (r < 0) {
2061 *ret_error_message = "Failed to load SELinux policy";
2062 return r;
2063 }
2064
2065 r = mac_smack_setup(loaded_policy);
2066 if (r < 0) {
2067 *ret_error_message = "Failed to load SMACK policy";
2068 return r;
2069 }
2070
2071 r = ima_setup();
2072 if (r < 0) {
2073 *ret_error_message = "Failed to load IMA policy";
2074 return r;
2075 }
2076
2077 dual_timestamp_get(security_finish_timestamp);
2078 return 0;
2079 }
2080
2081 static void test_summary(Manager *m) {
2082 assert(m);
2083
2084 printf("-> By units:\n");
2085 manager_dump_units(m, stdout, "\t");
2086
2087 printf("-> By jobs:\n");
2088 manager_dump_jobs(m, stdout, "\t");
2089 }
2090
2091 static int collect_fds(FDSet **ret_fds, const char **ret_error_message) {
2092 int r;
2093
2094 assert(ret_fds);
2095 assert(ret_error_message);
2096
2097 r = fdset_new_fill(ret_fds);
2098 if (r < 0) {
2099 *ret_error_message = "Failed to allocate fd set";
2100 return log_emergency_errno(r, "Failed to allocate fd set: %m");
2101 }
2102
2103 fdset_cloexec(*ret_fds, true);
2104
2105 if (arg_serialization)
2106 assert_se(fdset_remove(*ret_fds, fileno(arg_serialization)) >= 0);
2107
2108 return 0;
2109 }
2110
2111 static void setup_console_terminal(bool skip_setup) {
2112
2113 if (!arg_system)
2114 return;
2115
2116 /* Become a session leader if we aren't one yet. */
2117 (void) setsid();
2118
2119 /* If we are init, we connect stdin/stdout/stderr to /dev/null and make sure we don't have a controlling
2120 * tty. */
2121 (void) release_terminal();
2122
2123 /* Reset the console, but only if this is really init and we are freshly booted */
2124 if (getpid_cached() == 1 && !skip_setup)
2125 (void) console_setup();
2126 }
2127
2128 static bool early_skip_setup_check(int argc, char *argv[]) {
2129 bool found_deserialize = false;
2130 int i;
2131
2132 /* Determine if this is a reexecution or normal bootup. We do the full command line parsing much later, so
2133 * let's just have a quick peek here. Note that if we have switched root, do all the special setup things
2134 * anyway, even if in that case we also do deserialization. */
2135
2136 for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
2137 if (streq(argv[i], "--switched-root"))
2138 return false; /* If we switched root, don't skip the setup. */
2139 else if (streq(argv[i], "--deserialize"))
2140 found_deserialize = true;
2141 }
2142
2143 return found_deserialize; /* When we are deserializing, then we are reexecuting, hence avoid the extensive setup */
2144 }
2145
2146 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
2147
2148 dual_timestamp initrd_timestamp = DUAL_TIMESTAMP_NULL, userspace_timestamp = DUAL_TIMESTAMP_NULL, kernel_timestamp = DUAL_TIMESTAMP_NULL,
2149 security_start_timestamp = DUAL_TIMESTAMP_NULL, security_finish_timestamp = DUAL_TIMESTAMP_NULL;
2150 struct rlimit saved_rlimit_nofile = RLIMIT_MAKE_CONST(0), saved_rlimit_memlock = RLIMIT_MAKE_CONST((rlim_t) -1);
2151 bool skip_setup, loaded_policy = false, queue_default_job = false, first_boot = false, reexecute = false;
2152 char *switch_root_dir = NULL, *switch_root_init = NULL;
2153 usec_t before_startup, after_startup;
2154 static char systemd[] = "systemd";
2155 char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2156 const char *shutdown_verb = NULL, *error_message = NULL;
2157 int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
2158 Manager *m = NULL;
2159 FDSet *fds = NULL;
2160
2161 /* SysV compatibility: redirect init → telinit */
2162 redirect_telinit(argc, argv);
2163
2164 /* Take timestamps early on */
2165 dual_timestamp_from_monotonic(&kernel_timestamp, 0);
2166 dual_timestamp_get(&userspace_timestamp);
2167
2168 /* Figure out whether we need to do initialize the system, or if we already did that because we are
2169 * reexecuting */
2170 skip_setup = early_skip_setup_check(argc, argv);
2171
2172 /* If we get started via the /sbin/init symlink then we are called 'init'. After a subsequent reexecution we
2173 * are then called 'systemd'. That is confusing, hence let's call us systemd right-away. */
2174 program_invocation_short_name = systemd;
2175 (void) prctl(PR_SET_NAME, systemd);
2176
2177 /* Save the original command line */
2178 saved_argv = argv;
2179 saved_argc = argc;
2180
2181 /* Make sure that if the user says "syslog" we actually log to the journal. */
2182 log_set_upgrade_syslog_to_journal(true);
2183
2184 if (getpid_cached() == 1) {
2185 /* When we run as PID 1 force system mode */
2186 arg_system = true;
2187
2188 /* Disable the umask logic */
2189 umask(0);
2190
2191 /* Make sure that at least initially we do not ever log to journald/syslogd, because it might not be
2192 * activated yet (even though the log socket for it exists). */
2193 log_set_prohibit_ipc(true);
2194
2195 /* Always reopen /dev/console when running as PID 1 or one of its pre-execve() children. This is
2196 * important so that we never end up logging to any foreign stderr, for example if we have to log in a
2197 * child process right before execve()'ing the actual binary, at a point in time where socket
2198 * activation stderr/stdout area already set up. */
2199 log_set_always_reopen_console(true);
2200
2201 if (detect_container() <= 0) {
2202
2203 /* Running outside of a container as PID 1 */
2204 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_KMSG);
2205 log_open();
2206
2207 if (in_initrd())
2208 initrd_timestamp = userspace_timestamp;
2209
2210 if (!skip_setup) {
2211 r = mount_setup_early();
2212 if (r < 0) {
2213 error_message = "Failed to mount early API filesystems";
2214 goto finish;
2215 }
2216
2217 r = initialize_security(
2218 &loaded_policy,
2219 &security_start_timestamp,
2220 &security_finish_timestamp,
2221 &error_message);
2222 if (r < 0)
2223 goto finish;
2224 }
2225
2226 if (mac_selinux_init() < 0) {
2227 error_message = "Failed to initialize SELinux policy";
2228 goto finish;
2229 }
2230
2231 if (!skip_setup)
2232 initialize_clock();
2233
2234 /* Set the default for later on, but don't actually open the logs like this for now. Note that
2235 * if we are transitioning from the initrd there might still be journal fd open, and we
2236 * shouldn't attempt opening that before we parsed /proc/cmdline which might redirect output
2237 * elsewhere. */
2238 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL_OR_KMSG);
2239
2240 } else {
2241 /* Running inside a container, as PID 1 */
2242 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE);
2243 log_open();
2244
2245 /* For later on, see above... */
2246 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL);
2247
2248 /* clear the kernel timestamp,
2249 * because we are in a container */
2250 kernel_timestamp = DUAL_TIMESTAMP_NULL;
2251 }
2252
2253 initialize_coredump(skip_setup);
2254
2255 r = fixup_environment();
2256 if (r < 0) {
2257 log_emergency_errno(r, "Failed to fix up PID 1 environment: %m");
2258 error_message = "Failed to fix up PID1 environment";
2259 goto finish;
2260 }
2261
2262 } else {
2263 /* Running as user instance */
2264 arg_system = false;
2265 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_AUTO);
2266 log_open();
2267
2268 /* clear the kernel timestamp,
2269 * because we are not PID 1 */
2270 kernel_timestamp = DUAL_TIMESTAMP_NULL;
2271 }
2272
2273 if (arg_system) {
2274 /* Try to figure out if we can use colors with the console. No need to do that for user instances since
2275 * they never log into the console. */
2276 log_show_color(colors_enabled());
2277
2278 r = make_null_stdio();
2279 if (r < 0)
2280 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to redirect standard streams to /dev/null, ignoring: %m");
2281 }
2282
2283 /* Mount /proc, /sys and friends, so that /proc/cmdline and
2284 * /proc/$PID/fd is available. */
2285 if (getpid_cached() == 1) {
2286
2287 /* Load the kernel modules early. */
2288 if (!skip_setup)
2289 kmod_setup();
2290
2291 r = mount_setup(loaded_policy);
2292 if (r < 0) {
2293 error_message = "Failed to mount API filesystems";
2294 goto finish;
2295 }
2296 }
2297
2298 /* Reset all signal handlers. */
2299 (void) reset_all_signal_handlers();
2300 (void) ignore_signals(SIGNALS_IGNORE, -1);
2301
2302 r = load_configuration(argc, argv, &error_message);
2303 if (r < 0)
2304 goto finish;
2305
2306 r = safety_checks();
2307 if (r < 0)
2308 goto finish;
2309
2310 if (IN_SET(arg_action, ACTION_TEST, ACTION_HELP, ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS, ACTION_DUMP_BUS_PROPERTIES))
2311 (void) pager_open(arg_no_pager, false);
2312
2313 if (arg_action != ACTION_RUN)
2314 skip_setup = true;
2315
2316 if (arg_action == ACTION_HELP) {
2317 retval = help();
2318 goto finish;
2319 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_VERSION) {
2320 retval = version();
2321 goto finish;
2322 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS) {
2323 unit_dump_config_items(stdout);
2324 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
2325 goto finish;
2326 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_DUMP_BUS_PROPERTIES) {
2327 dump_bus_properties(stdout);
2328 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
2329 goto finish;
2330 }
2331
2332 assert_se(IN_SET(arg_action, ACTION_RUN, ACTION_TEST));
2333
2334 /* Move out of the way, so that we won't block unmounts */
2335 assert_se(chdir("/") == 0);
2336
2337 if (arg_action == ACTION_RUN) {
2338
2339 /* Close logging fds, in order not to confuse collecting passed fds and terminal logic below */
2340 log_close();
2341
2342 /* Remember open file descriptors for later deserialization */
2343 r = collect_fds(&fds, &error_message);
2344 if (r < 0)
2345 goto finish;
2346
2347 /* Give up any control of the console, but make sure its initialized. */
2348 setup_console_terminal(skip_setup);
2349
2350 /* Open the logging devices, if possible and necessary */
2351 log_open();
2352 }
2353
2354 log_execution_mode(&first_boot);
2355
2356 r = initialize_runtime(skip_setup,
2357 &saved_rlimit_nofile,
2358 &saved_rlimit_memlock,
2359 &error_message);
2360 if (r < 0)
2361 goto finish;
2362
2363 r = manager_new(arg_system ? UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM : UNIT_FILE_USER,
2364 arg_action == ACTION_TEST ? MANAGER_TEST_FULL : 0,
2365 &m);
2366 if (r < 0) {
2367 log_emergency_errno(r, "Failed to allocate manager object: %m");
2368 error_message = "Failed to allocate manager object";
2369 goto finish;
2370 }
2371
2372 m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_KERNEL] = kernel_timestamp;
2373 m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD] = initrd_timestamp;
2374 m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_USERSPACE] = userspace_timestamp;
2375 m->timestamps[manager_timestamp_initrd_mangle(MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_SECURITY_START)] = security_start_timestamp;
2376 m->timestamps[manager_timestamp_initrd_mangle(MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_SECURITY_FINISH)] = security_finish_timestamp;
2377
2378 set_manager_defaults(m);
2379 set_manager_settings(m);
2380 manager_set_first_boot(m, first_boot);
2381
2382 /* Remember whether we should queue the default job */
2383 queue_default_job = !arg_serialization || arg_switched_root;
2384
2385 before_startup = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
2386
2387 r = manager_startup(m, arg_serialization, fds);
2388 if (r < 0) {
2389 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to fully start up daemon: %m");
2390 error_message = "Failed to start up manager";
2391 goto finish;
2392 }
2393
2394 /* This will close all file descriptors that were opened, but not claimed by any unit. */
2395 fds = fdset_free(fds);
2396 arg_serialization = safe_fclose(arg_serialization);
2397
2398 if (queue_default_job) {
2399 r = do_queue_default_job(m, &error_message);
2400 if (r < 0)
2401 goto finish;
2402 }
2403
2404 after_startup = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
2405
2406 log_full(arg_action == ACTION_TEST ? LOG_INFO : LOG_DEBUG,
2407 "Loaded units and determined initial transaction in %s.",
2408 format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), after_startup - before_startup, 100 * USEC_PER_MSEC));
2409
2410 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST) {
2411 test_summary(m);
2412 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
2413 goto finish;
2414 }
2415
2416 (void) invoke_main_loop(m,
2417 &reexecute,
2418 &retval,
2419 &shutdown_verb,
2420 &fds,
2421 &switch_root_dir,
2422 &switch_root_init,
2423 &error_message);
2424
2425 finish:
2426 pager_close();
2427
2428 if (m) {
2429 arg_shutdown_watchdog = m->shutdown_watchdog;
2430 m = manager_free(m);
2431 }
2432
2433 free_arguments();
2434 mac_selinux_finish();
2435
2436 if (reexecute)
2437 do_reexecute(argc, argv,
2438 &saved_rlimit_nofile,
2439 &saved_rlimit_memlock,
2440 fds,
2441 switch_root_dir,
2442 switch_root_init,
2443 &error_message); /* This only returns if reexecution failed */
2444
2445 arg_serialization = safe_fclose(arg_serialization);
2446 fds = fdset_free(fds);
2447
2448 #if HAVE_VALGRIND_VALGRIND_H
2449 /* If we are PID 1 and running under valgrind, then let's exit
2450 * here explicitly. valgrind will only generate nice output on
2451 * exit(), not on exec(), hence let's do the former not the
2452 * latter here. */
2453 if (getpid_cached() == 1 && RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND) {
2454 /* Cleanup watchdog_device strings for valgrind. We need them
2455 * in become_shutdown() so normally we cannot free them yet. */
2456 watchdog_free_device();
2457 arg_watchdog_device = mfree(arg_watchdog_device);
2458 return retval;
2459 }
2460 #endif
2461
2462 if (shutdown_verb) {
2463 r = become_shutdown(shutdown_verb, retval);
2464 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to execute shutdown binary, %s: %m", getpid_cached() == 1 ? "freezing" : "quitting");
2465 error_message = "Failed to execute shutdown binary";
2466 }
2467
2468 watchdog_free_device();
2469 arg_watchdog_device = mfree(arg_watchdog_device);
2470
2471 if (getpid_cached() == 1) {
2472 if (error_message)
2473 manager_status_printf(NULL, STATUS_TYPE_EMERGENCY,
2474 ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED "!!!!!!" ANSI_NORMAL,
2475 "%s, freezing.", error_message);
2476 freeze_or_reboot();
2477 }
2478
2479 return retval;
2480 }
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