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[thirdparty/systemd.git] / src / core / manager.c
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
2
3 #include <errno.h>
4 #include <fcntl.h>
5 #include <linux/kd.h>
6 #include <sys/epoll.h>
7 #include <sys/inotify.h>
8 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
9 #include <sys/mount.h>
10 #include <sys/reboot.h>
11 #include <sys/timerfd.h>
12 #include <sys/utsname.h>
13 #include <sys/wait.h>
14 #include <unistd.h>
15
16 #if HAVE_AUDIT
17 #include <libaudit.h>
18 #endif
19
20 #include "sd-daemon.h"
21 #include "sd-messages.h"
22 #include "sd-path.h"
23
24 #include "all-units.h"
25 #include "alloc-util.h"
26 #include "audit-fd.h"
27 #include "boot-timestamps.h"
28 #include "build-path.h"
29 #include "bus-common-errors.h"
30 #include "bus-error.h"
31 #include "bus-kernel.h"
32 #include "bus-util.h"
33 #include "clean-ipc.h"
34 #include "clock-util.h"
35 #include "common-signal.h"
36 #include "confidential-virt.h"
37 #include "constants.h"
38 #include "core-varlink.h"
39 #include "creds-util.h"
40 #include "daemon-util.h"
41 #include "dbus-job.h"
42 #include "dbus-manager.h"
43 #include "dbus-unit.h"
44 #include "dbus.h"
45 #include "dirent-util.h"
46 #include "env-util.h"
47 #include "escape.h"
48 #include "event-util.h"
49 #include "exec-util.h"
50 #include "execute.h"
51 #include "exit-status.h"
52 #include "fd-util.h"
53 #include "fileio.h"
54 #include "generator-setup.h"
55 #include "hashmap.h"
56 #include "initrd-util.h"
57 #include "inotify-util.h"
58 #include "install.h"
59 #include "io-util.h"
60 #include "label-util.h"
61 #include "load-fragment.h"
62 #include "locale-setup.h"
63 #include "log.h"
64 #include "macro.h"
65 #include "manager.h"
66 #include "manager-dump.h"
67 #include "manager-serialize.h"
68 #include "memory-util.h"
69 #include "mkdir-label.h"
70 #include "mount-util.h"
71 #include "os-util.h"
72 #include "parse-util.h"
73 #include "path-lookup.h"
74 #include "path-util.h"
75 #include "plymouth-util.h"
76 #include "pretty-print.h"
77 #include "process-util.h"
78 #include "psi-util.h"
79 #include "ratelimit.h"
80 #include "rlimit-util.h"
81 #include "rm-rf.h"
82 #include "selinux-util.h"
83 #include "signal-util.h"
84 #include "socket-util.h"
85 #include "special.h"
86 #include "stat-util.h"
87 #include "string-table.h"
88 #include "string-util.h"
89 #include "strv.h"
90 #include "strxcpyx.h"
91 #include "sysctl-util.h"
92 #include "syslog-util.h"
93 #include "terminal-util.h"
94 #include "time-util.h"
95 #include "transaction.h"
96 #include "uid-range.h"
97 #include "umask-util.h"
98 #include "unit-name.h"
99 #include "user-util.h"
100 #include "virt.h"
101 #include "watchdog.h"
102
103 #define NOTIFY_RCVBUF_SIZE (8*1024*1024)
104 #define CGROUPS_AGENT_RCVBUF_SIZE (8*1024*1024)
105
106 /* Initial delay and the interval for printing status messages about running jobs */
107 #define JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_WAIT_USEC (2*USEC_PER_SEC)
108 #define JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_QUIET_WAIT_USEC (25*USEC_PER_SEC)
109 #define JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_PERIOD_USEC (USEC_PER_SEC / 3)
110 #define JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_PERIOD_DIVISOR 3
111
112 /* If there are more than 1K bus messages queue across our API and direct buses, then let's not add more on top until
113 * the queue gets more empty. */
114 #define MANAGER_BUS_BUSY_THRESHOLD 1024LU
115
116 /* How many units and jobs to process of the bus queue before returning to the event loop. */
117 #define MANAGER_BUS_MESSAGE_BUDGET 100U
118
119 #define DEFAULT_TASKS_MAX ((CGroupTasksMax) { 15U, 100U }) /* 15% */
120
121 static int manager_dispatch_notify_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
122 static int manager_dispatch_cgroups_agent_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
123 static int manager_dispatch_signal_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
124 static int manager_dispatch_time_change_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
125 static int manager_dispatch_idle_pipe_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
126 static int manager_dispatch_user_lookup_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
127 static int manager_dispatch_jobs_in_progress(sd_event_source *source, usec_t usec, void *userdata);
128 static int manager_dispatch_run_queue(sd_event_source *source, void *userdata);
129 static int manager_dispatch_sigchld(sd_event_source *source, void *userdata);
130 static int manager_dispatch_timezone_change(sd_event_source *source, const struct inotify_event *event, void *userdata);
131 static int manager_run_environment_generators(Manager *m);
132 static int manager_run_generators(Manager *m);
133 static void manager_vacuum(Manager *m);
134
135 static usec_t manager_watch_jobs_next_time(Manager *m) {
136 usec_t timeout;
137
138 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
139 /* Let the user manager without a timeout show status quickly, so the system manager can make
140 * use of it, if it wants to. */
141 timeout = JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_WAIT_USEC * 2 / 3;
142 else if (show_status_on(m->show_status))
143 /* When status is on, just use the usual timeout. */
144 timeout = JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_WAIT_USEC;
145 else
146 timeout = JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_QUIET_WAIT_USEC;
147
148 return usec_add(now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC), timeout);
149 }
150
151 static bool manager_is_confirm_spawn_disabled(Manager *m) {
152 assert(m);
153
154 if (!m->confirm_spawn)
155 return true;
156
157 return access("/run/systemd/confirm_spawn_disabled", F_OK) >= 0;
158 }
159
160 static void manager_watch_jobs_in_progress(Manager *m) {
161 usec_t next;
162 int r;
163
164 assert(m);
165
166 /* We do not want to show the cylon animation if the user
167 * needs to confirm service executions otherwise confirmation
168 * messages will be screwed by the cylon animation. */
169 if (!manager_is_confirm_spawn_disabled(m))
170 return;
171
172 if (m->jobs_in_progress_event_source)
173 return;
174
175 next = manager_watch_jobs_next_time(m);
176 r = sd_event_add_time(
177 m->event,
178 &m->jobs_in_progress_event_source,
179 CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
180 next, 0,
181 manager_dispatch_jobs_in_progress, m);
182 if (r < 0)
183 return;
184
185 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->jobs_in_progress_event_source, "manager-jobs-in-progress");
186 }
187
188 static void manager_flip_auto_status(Manager *m, bool enable, const char *reason) {
189 assert(m);
190
191 if (enable) {
192 if (m->show_status == SHOW_STATUS_AUTO)
193 manager_set_show_status(m, SHOW_STATUS_TEMPORARY, reason);
194 } else {
195 if (m->show_status == SHOW_STATUS_TEMPORARY)
196 manager_set_show_status(m, SHOW_STATUS_AUTO, reason);
197 }
198 }
199
200 static void manager_print_jobs_in_progress(Manager *m) {
201 Job *j;
202 unsigned counter = 0, print_nr;
203 char cylon[6 + CYLON_BUFFER_EXTRA + 1];
204 unsigned cylon_pos;
205 uint64_t timeout = 0;
206
207 assert(m);
208 assert(m->n_running_jobs > 0);
209
210 manager_flip_auto_status(m, true, "delay");
211
212 print_nr = (m->jobs_in_progress_iteration / JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_PERIOD_DIVISOR) % m->n_running_jobs;
213
214 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->jobs)
215 if (j->state == JOB_RUNNING && counter++ == print_nr)
216 break;
217
218 /* m->n_running_jobs must be consistent with the contents of m->jobs,
219 * so the above loop must have succeeded in finding j. */
220 assert(counter == print_nr + 1);
221 assert(j);
222
223 cylon_pos = m->jobs_in_progress_iteration % 14;
224 if (cylon_pos >= 8)
225 cylon_pos = 14 - cylon_pos;
226 draw_cylon(cylon, sizeof(cylon), 6, cylon_pos);
227
228 m->jobs_in_progress_iteration++;
229
230 char job_of_n[STRLEN("( of ) ") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(unsigned)*2] = "";
231 if (m->n_running_jobs > 1)
232 xsprintf(job_of_n, "(%u of %u) ", counter, m->n_running_jobs);
233
234 (void) job_get_timeout(j, &timeout);
235
236 /* We want to use enough information for the user to identify previous lines talking about the same
237 * unit, but keep the message as short as possible. So if 'Starting foo.service' or 'Starting
238 * foo.service - Description' were used, 'foo.service' is enough here. On the other hand, if we used
239 * 'Starting Description' before, then we shall also use 'Description' here. So we pass NULL as the
240 * second argument to unit_status_string(). */
241 const char *ident = unit_status_string(j->unit, NULL);
242
243 const char *time = FORMAT_TIMESPAN(now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) - j->begin_usec, 1*USEC_PER_SEC);
244 const char *limit = timeout > 0 ? FORMAT_TIMESPAN(timeout - j->begin_usec, 1*USEC_PER_SEC) : "no limit";
245
246 if (m->status_unit_format == STATUS_UNIT_FORMAT_DESCRIPTION)
247 /* When using 'Description', we effectively don't have enough space to show the nested status
248 * without ellipsization, so let's not even try. */
249 manager_status_printf(m, STATUS_TYPE_EPHEMERAL, cylon,
250 "%sA %s job is running for %s (%s / %s)",
251 job_of_n,
252 job_type_to_string(j->type),
253 ident,
254 time, limit);
255 else {
256 const char *status_text = unit_status_text(j->unit);
257
258 manager_status_printf(m, STATUS_TYPE_EPHEMERAL, cylon,
259 "%sJob %s/%s running (%s / %s)%s%s",
260 job_of_n,
261 ident,
262 job_type_to_string(j->type),
263 time, limit,
264 status_text ? ": " : "",
265 strempty(status_text));
266 }
267
268 (void) sd_notifyf(/* unset_environment= */ false,
269 "STATUS=%sUser job %s/%s running (%s / %s)...",
270 job_of_n,
271 ident, job_type_to_string(j->type),
272 time, limit);
273 m->status_ready = false;
274 }
275
276 static int have_ask_password(void) {
277 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *dir = NULL;
278
279 dir = opendir("/run/systemd/ask-password");
280 if (!dir) {
281 if (errno == ENOENT)
282 return false;
283 else
284 return -errno;
285 }
286
287 FOREACH_DIRENT_ALL(de, dir, return -errno)
288 if (startswith(de->d_name, "ask."))
289 return true;
290 return false;
291 }
292
293 static int manager_dispatch_ask_password_fd(sd_event_source *source,
294 int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
295 Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
296
297 (void) flush_fd(fd);
298
299 m->have_ask_password = have_ask_password();
300 if (m->have_ask_password < 0)
301 /* Log error but continue. Negative have_ask_password
302 * is treated as unknown status. */
303 log_error_errno(m->have_ask_password, "Failed to list /run/systemd/ask-password: %m");
304
305 return 0;
306 }
307
308 static void manager_close_ask_password(Manager *m) {
309 assert(m);
310
311 m->ask_password_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(m->ask_password_event_source);
312 m->ask_password_inotify_fd = safe_close(m->ask_password_inotify_fd);
313 m->have_ask_password = -EINVAL;
314 }
315
316 static int manager_check_ask_password(Manager *m) {
317 int r;
318
319 assert(m);
320
321 if (!m->ask_password_event_source) {
322 assert(m->ask_password_inotify_fd < 0);
323
324 (void) mkdir_p_label("/run/systemd/ask-password", 0755);
325
326 m->ask_password_inotify_fd = inotify_init1(IN_NONBLOCK|IN_CLOEXEC);
327 if (m->ask_password_inotify_fd < 0)
328 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create inotify object: %m");
329
330 r = inotify_add_watch_and_warn(m->ask_password_inotify_fd,
331 "/run/systemd/ask-password",
332 IN_CREATE|IN_DELETE|IN_MOVE);
333 if (r < 0) {
334 manager_close_ask_password(m);
335 return r;
336 }
337
338 r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->ask_password_event_source,
339 m->ask_password_inotify_fd, EPOLLIN,
340 manager_dispatch_ask_password_fd, m);
341 if (r < 0) {
342 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add event source for /run/systemd/ask-password: %m");
343 manager_close_ask_password(m);
344 return r;
345 }
346
347 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->ask_password_event_source, "manager-ask-password");
348
349 /* Queries might have been added meanwhile... */
350 manager_dispatch_ask_password_fd(m->ask_password_event_source,
351 m->ask_password_inotify_fd, EPOLLIN, m);
352 }
353
354 return m->have_ask_password;
355 }
356
357 static int manager_watch_idle_pipe(Manager *m) {
358 int r;
359
360 assert(m);
361
362 if (m->idle_pipe_event_source)
363 return 0;
364
365 if (m->idle_pipe[2] < 0)
366 return 0;
367
368 r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->idle_pipe_event_source, m->idle_pipe[2], EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_idle_pipe_fd, m);
369 if (r < 0)
370 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to watch idle pipe: %m");
371
372 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->idle_pipe_event_source, "manager-idle-pipe");
373
374 return 0;
375 }
376
377 static void manager_close_idle_pipe(Manager *m) {
378 assert(m);
379
380 m->idle_pipe_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(m->idle_pipe_event_source);
381
382 safe_close_pair(m->idle_pipe);
383 safe_close_pair(m->idle_pipe + 2);
384 }
385
386 static int manager_setup_time_change(Manager *m) {
387 int r;
388
389 assert(m);
390
391 if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
392 return 0;
393
394 m->time_change_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(m->time_change_event_source);
395
396 r = event_add_time_change(m->event, &m->time_change_event_source, manager_dispatch_time_change_fd, m);
397 if (r < 0)
398 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create time change event source: %m");
399
400 /* Schedule this slightly earlier than the .timer event sources */
401 r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->time_change_event_source, EVENT_PRIORITY_TIME_CHANGE);
402 if (r < 0)
403 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set priority of time change event sources: %m");
404
405 log_debug("Set up TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET timerfd.");
406
407 return 0;
408 }
409
410 static int manager_read_timezone_stat(Manager *m) {
411 struct stat st;
412 bool changed;
413
414 assert(m);
415
416 /* Read the current stat() data of /etc/localtime so that we detect changes */
417 if (lstat("/etc/localtime", &st) < 0) {
418 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to stat /etc/localtime, ignoring: %m");
419 changed = m->etc_localtime_accessible;
420 m->etc_localtime_accessible = false;
421 } else {
422 usec_t k;
423
424 k = timespec_load(&st.st_mtim);
425 changed = !m->etc_localtime_accessible || k != m->etc_localtime_mtime;
426
427 m->etc_localtime_mtime = k;
428 m->etc_localtime_accessible = true;
429 }
430
431 return changed;
432 }
433
434 static int manager_setup_timezone_change(Manager *m) {
435 _cleanup_(sd_event_source_unrefp) sd_event_source *new_event = NULL;
436 int r;
437
438 assert(m);
439
440 if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
441 return 0;
442
443 /* We watch /etc/localtime for three events: change of the link count (which might mean removal from /etc even
444 * though another link might be kept), renames, and file close operations after writing. Note we don't bother
445 * with IN_DELETE_SELF, as that would just report when the inode is removed entirely, i.e. after the link count
446 * went to zero and all fds to it are closed.
447 *
448 * Note that we never follow symlinks here. This is a simplification, but should cover almost all cases
449 * correctly.
450 *
451 * Note that we create the new event source first here, before releasing the old one. This should optimize
452 * behaviour as this way sd-event can reuse the old watch in case the inode didn't change. */
453
454 r = sd_event_add_inotify(m->event, &new_event, "/etc/localtime",
455 IN_ATTRIB|IN_MOVE_SELF|IN_CLOSE_WRITE|IN_DONT_FOLLOW, manager_dispatch_timezone_change, m);
456 if (r == -ENOENT) {
457 /* If the file doesn't exist yet, subscribe to /etc instead, and wait until it is created either by
458 * O_CREATE or by rename() */
459
460 log_debug_errno(r, "/etc/localtime doesn't exist yet, watching /etc instead.");
461 r = sd_event_add_inotify(m->event, &new_event, "/etc",
462 IN_CREATE|IN_MOVED_TO|IN_ONLYDIR, manager_dispatch_timezone_change, m);
463 }
464 if (r < 0)
465 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create timezone change event source: %m");
466
467 /* Schedule this slightly earlier than the .timer event sources */
468 r = sd_event_source_set_priority(new_event, EVENT_PRIORITY_TIME_ZONE);
469 if (r < 0)
470 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set priority of timezone change event sources: %m");
471
472 sd_event_source_unref(m->timezone_change_event_source);
473 m->timezone_change_event_source = TAKE_PTR(new_event);
474
475 return 0;
476 }
477
478 static int enable_special_signals(Manager *m) {
479 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
480
481 assert(m);
482
483 if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
484 return 0;
485
486 /* Enable that we get SIGINT on control-alt-del. In containers this will fail with EPERM (older) or
487 * EINVAL (newer), so ignore that. */
488 if (reboot(RB_DISABLE_CAD) < 0 && !IN_SET(errno, EPERM, EINVAL))
489 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to enable ctrl-alt-del handling, ignoring: %m");
490
491 fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
492 if (fd < 0)
493 /* Support systems without virtual console (ENOENT) gracefully */
494 log_full_errno(fd == -ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, fd, "Failed to open /dev/tty0, ignoring: %m");
495 else {
496 /* Enable that we get SIGWINCH on kbrequest */
497 if (ioctl(fd, KDSIGACCEPT, SIGWINCH) < 0)
498 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to enable kbrequest handling, ignoring: %m");
499 }
500
501 return 0;
502 }
503
504 #define RTSIG_IF_AVAILABLE(signum) (signum <= SIGRTMAX ? signum : -1)
505
506 static int manager_setup_signals(Manager *m) {
507 struct sigaction sa = {
508 .sa_handler = SIG_DFL,
509 .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART,
510 };
511 sigset_t mask;
512 int r;
513
514 assert(m);
515
516 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
517
518 /* We make liberal use of realtime signals here. On
519 * Linux/glibc we have 30 of them (with the exception of Linux
520 * on hppa, see below), between SIGRTMIN+0 ... SIGRTMIN+30
521 * (aka SIGRTMAX). */
522
523 assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask) == 0);
524 sigset_add_many(&mask,
525 SIGCHLD, /* Child died */
526 SIGTERM, /* Reexecute daemon */
527 SIGHUP, /* Reload configuration */
528 SIGUSR1, /* systemd: reconnect to D-Bus */
529 SIGUSR2, /* systemd: dump status */
530 SIGINT, /* Kernel sends us this on control-alt-del */
531 SIGWINCH, /* Kernel sends us this on kbrequest (alt-arrowup) */
532 SIGPWR, /* Some kernel drivers and upsd send us this on power failure */
533
534 SIGRTMIN+0, /* systemd: start default.target */
535 SIGRTMIN+1, /* systemd: isolate rescue.target */
536 SIGRTMIN+2, /* systemd: isolate emergency.target */
537 SIGRTMIN+3, /* systemd: start halt.target */
538 SIGRTMIN+4, /* systemd: start poweroff.target */
539 SIGRTMIN+5, /* systemd: start reboot.target */
540 SIGRTMIN+6, /* systemd: start kexec.target */
541 SIGRTMIN+7, /* systemd: start soft-reboot.target */
542
543 /* ... space for more special targets ... */
544
545 SIGRTMIN+13, /* systemd: Immediate halt */
546 SIGRTMIN+14, /* systemd: Immediate poweroff */
547 SIGRTMIN+15, /* systemd: Immediate reboot */
548 SIGRTMIN+16, /* systemd: Immediate kexec */
549 SIGRTMIN+17, /* systemd: Immediate soft-reboot */
550 SIGRTMIN+18, /* systemd: control command */
551
552 /* ... space ... */
553
554 SIGRTMIN+20, /* systemd: enable status messages */
555 SIGRTMIN+21, /* systemd: disable status messages */
556 SIGRTMIN+22, /* systemd: set log level to LOG_DEBUG */
557 SIGRTMIN+23, /* systemd: set log level to LOG_INFO */
558 SIGRTMIN+24, /* systemd: Immediate exit (--user only) */
559 SIGRTMIN+25, /* systemd: reexecute manager */
560
561 /* Apparently Linux on hppa had fewer RT signals until v3.18,
562 * SIGRTMAX was SIGRTMIN+25, and then SIGRTMIN was lowered,
563 * see commit v3.17-7614-g1f25df2eff.
564 *
565 * We cannot unconditionally make use of those signals here,
566 * so let's use a runtime check. Since these commands are
567 * accessible by different means and only really a safety
568 * net, the missing functionality on hppa shouldn't matter.
569 */
570
571 RTSIG_IF_AVAILABLE(SIGRTMIN+26), /* systemd: set log target to journal-or-kmsg */
572 RTSIG_IF_AVAILABLE(SIGRTMIN+27), /* systemd: set log target to console */
573 RTSIG_IF_AVAILABLE(SIGRTMIN+28), /* systemd: set log target to kmsg */
574 RTSIG_IF_AVAILABLE(SIGRTMIN+29), /* systemd: set log target to syslog-or-kmsg (obsolete) */
575
576 /* ... one free signal here SIGRTMIN+30 ... */
577 -1);
578 assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL) == 0);
579
580 m->signal_fd = signalfd(-1, &mask, SFD_NONBLOCK|SFD_CLOEXEC);
581 if (m->signal_fd < 0)
582 return -errno;
583
584 r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->signal_event_source, m->signal_fd, EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_signal_fd, m);
585 if (r < 0)
586 return r;
587
588 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->signal_event_source, "manager-signal");
589
590 /* Process signals a bit earlier than the rest of things, but later than notify_fd processing, so that the
591 * notify processing can still figure out to which process/service a message belongs, before we reap the
592 * process. Also, process this before handling cgroup notifications, so that we always collect child exit
593 * status information before detecting that there's no process in a cgroup. */
594 r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->signal_event_source, EVENT_PRIORITY_SIGNALS);
595 if (r < 0)
596 return r;
597
598 /* Report to supervisor that we now process the above signals. We report this as level "2", to
599 * indicate that we support more than sysvinit's signals (of course, sysvinit never sent this
600 * message, but conceptually it makes sense to consider level "1" to be equivalent to sysvinit's
601 * signal handling). Also, by setting this to "2" people looking for this hopefully won't
602 * misunderstand this as a boolean concept. Signal level 2 shall refer to the signals PID 1
603 * understands at the time of release of systemd v256, i.e. including basic SIGRTMIN+18 handling for
604 * memory pressure and stuff. When more signals are hooked up (or more SIGRTMIN+18 multiplex
605 * operations added, this level should be increased). */
606 (void) sd_notify(/* unset_environment= */ false,
607 "X_SYSTEMD_SIGNALS_LEVEL=2");
608
609 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
610 return enable_special_signals(m);
611
612 return 0;
613 }
614
615 static char** sanitize_environment(char **l) {
616
617 /* Let's remove some environment variables that we need ourselves to communicate with our clients */
618 strv_env_unset_many(
619 l,
620 "CACHE_DIRECTORY",
621 "CONFIGURATION_DIRECTORY",
622 "CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY",
623 "EXIT_CODE",
624 "EXIT_STATUS",
625 "INVOCATION_ID",
626 "JOURNAL_STREAM",
627 "LISTEN_FDNAMES",
628 "LISTEN_FDS",
629 "LISTEN_PID",
630 "LOGS_DIRECTORY",
631 "LOG_NAMESPACE",
632 "MAINPID",
633 "MANAGERPID",
634 "MEMORY_PRESSURE_WATCH",
635 "MEMORY_PRESSURE_WRITE",
636 "MONITOR_EXIT_CODE",
637 "MONITOR_EXIT_STATUS",
638 "MONITOR_INVOCATION_ID",
639 "MONITOR_SERVICE_RESULT",
640 "MONITOR_UNIT",
641 "NOTIFY_SOCKET",
642 "PIDFILE",
643 "REMOTE_ADDR",
644 "REMOTE_PORT",
645 "RUNTIME_DIRECTORY",
646 "SERVICE_RESULT",
647 "STATE_DIRECTORY",
648 "SYSTEMD_EXEC_PID",
649 "TRIGGER_PATH",
650 "TRIGGER_TIMER_MONOTONIC_USEC",
651 "TRIGGER_TIMER_REALTIME_USEC",
652 "TRIGGER_UNIT",
653 "WATCHDOG_PID",
654 "WATCHDOG_USEC");
655
656 /* Let's order the environment alphabetically, just to make it pretty */
657 return strv_sort(l);
658 }
659
660 int manager_default_environment(Manager *m) {
661 int r;
662
663 assert(m);
664
665 m->transient_environment = strv_free(m->transient_environment);
666
667 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
668 /* The system manager always starts with a clean environment for its children. It does not
669 * import the kernel's or the parents' exported variables.
670 *
671 * The initial passed environment is untouched to keep /proc/self/environ valid; it is used
672 * for tagging the init process inside containers. */
673 m->transient_environment = strv_new("PATH=" DEFAULT_PATH);
674 if (!m->transient_environment)
675 return log_oom();
676
677 /* Import locale variables LC_*= from configuration */
678 (void) locale_setup(&m->transient_environment);
679 } else {
680 /* The user manager passes its own environment along to its children, except for $PATH and
681 * session envs. */
682
683 m->transient_environment = strv_copy(environ);
684 if (!m->transient_environment)
685 return log_oom();
686
687 r = strv_env_replace_strdup(&m->transient_environment, "PATH=" DEFAULT_USER_PATH);
688 if (r < 0)
689 return log_oom();
690
691 /* Envvars set for our 'manager' class session are private and should not be propagated
692 * to children. Also it's likely that the graphical session will set these on their own. */
693 strv_env_unset_many(m->transient_environment,
694 "XDG_SESSION_ID",
695 "XDG_SESSION_CLASS",
696 "XDG_SESSION_TYPE",
697 "XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP",
698 "XDG_SEAT",
699 "XDG_VTNR");
700 }
701
702 sanitize_environment(m->transient_environment);
703 return 0;
704 }
705
706 static int manager_setup_prefix(Manager *m) {
707 struct table_entry {
708 uint64_t type;
709 const char *suffix;
710 };
711
712 static const struct table_entry paths_system[_EXEC_DIRECTORY_TYPE_MAX] = {
713 [EXEC_DIRECTORY_RUNTIME] = { SD_PATH_SYSTEM_RUNTIME, NULL },
714 [EXEC_DIRECTORY_STATE] = { SD_PATH_SYSTEM_STATE_PRIVATE, NULL },
715 [EXEC_DIRECTORY_CACHE] = { SD_PATH_SYSTEM_STATE_CACHE, NULL },
716 [EXEC_DIRECTORY_LOGS] = { SD_PATH_SYSTEM_STATE_LOGS, NULL },
717 [EXEC_DIRECTORY_CONFIGURATION] = { SD_PATH_SYSTEM_CONFIGURATION, NULL },
718 };
719
720 static const struct table_entry paths_user[_EXEC_DIRECTORY_TYPE_MAX] = {
721 [EXEC_DIRECTORY_RUNTIME] = { SD_PATH_USER_RUNTIME, NULL },
722 [EXEC_DIRECTORY_STATE] = { SD_PATH_USER_STATE_PRIVATE, NULL },
723 [EXEC_DIRECTORY_CACHE] = { SD_PATH_USER_STATE_CACHE, NULL },
724 [EXEC_DIRECTORY_LOGS] = { SD_PATH_USER_STATE_PRIVATE, "log" },
725 [EXEC_DIRECTORY_CONFIGURATION] = { SD_PATH_USER_CONFIGURATION, NULL },
726 };
727
728 assert(m);
729
730 const struct table_entry *p = MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) ? paths_system : paths_user;
731 int r;
732
733 for (ExecDirectoryType i = 0; i < _EXEC_DIRECTORY_TYPE_MAX; i++) {
734 r = sd_path_lookup(p[i].type, p[i].suffix, &m->prefix[i]);
735 if (r < 0)
736 return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to lookup %s path: %m",
737 exec_directory_type_to_string(i));
738 }
739
740 return 0;
741 }
742
743 static void manager_free_unit_name_maps(Manager *m) {
744 m->unit_id_map = hashmap_free(m->unit_id_map);
745 m->unit_name_map = hashmap_free(m->unit_name_map);
746 m->unit_path_cache = set_free(m->unit_path_cache);
747 m->unit_cache_timestamp_hash = 0;
748 }
749
750 static int manager_setup_run_queue(Manager *m) {
751 int r;
752
753 assert(m);
754 assert(!m->run_queue_event_source);
755
756 r = sd_event_add_defer(m->event, &m->run_queue_event_source, manager_dispatch_run_queue, m);
757 if (r < 0)
758 return r;
759
760 r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->run_queue_event_source, EVENT_PRIORITY_RUN_QUEUE);
761 if (r < 0)
762 return r;
763
764 r = sd_event_source_set_enabled(m->run_queue_event_source, SD_EVENT_OFF);
765 if (r < 0)
766 return r;
767
768 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->run_queue_event_source, "manager-run-queue");
769
770 return 0;
771 }
772
773 static int manager_setup_sigchld_event_source(Manager *m) {
774 int r;
775
776 assert(m);
777 assert(!m->sigchld_event_source);
778
779 r = sd_event_add_defer(m->event, &m->sigchld_event_source, manager_dispatch_sigchld, m);
780 if (r < 0)
781 return r;
782
783 r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->sigchld_event_source, EVENT_PRIORITY_SIGCHLD);
784 if (r < 0)
785 return r;
786
787 r = sd_event_source_set_enabled(m->sigchld_event_source, SD_EVENT_OFF);
788 if (r < 0)
789 return r;
790
791 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->sigchld_event_source, "manager-sigchld");
792
793 return 0;
794 }
795
796 int manager_setup_memory_pressure_event_source(Manager *m) {
797 int r;
798
799 assert(m);
800
801 m->memory_pressure_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(m->memory_pressure_event_source);
802
803 r = sd_event_add_memory_pressure(m->event, &m->memory_pressure_event_source, NULL, NULL);
804 if (r < 0)
805 log_full_errno(ERRNO_IS_NOT_SUPPORTED(r) || ERRNO_IS_PRIVILEGE(r) || (r == -EHOSTDOWN) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_NOTICE, r,
806 "Failed to establish memory pressure event source, ignoring: %m");
807 else if (m->defaults.memory_pressure_threshold_usec != USEC_INFINITY) {
808
809 /* If there's a default memory pressure threshold set, also apply it to the service manager itself */
810 r = sd_event_source_set_memory_pressure_period(
811 m->memory_pressure_event_source,
812 m->defaults.memory_pressure_threshold_usec,
813 MEMORY_PRESSURE_DEFAULT_WINDOW_USEC);
814 if (r < 0)
815 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to adjust memory pressure threshold, ignoring: %m");
816 }
817
818 return 0;
819 }
820
821 static int manager_find_credentials_dirs(Manager *m) {
822 const char *e;
823 int r;
824
825 assert(m);
826
827 r = get_credentials_dir(&e);
828 if (r < 0) {
829 if (r != -ENXIO)
830 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to determine credentials directory, ignoring: %m");
831 } else {
832 m->received_credentials_directory = strdup(e);
833 if (!m->received_credentials_directory)
834 return -ENOMEM;
835 }
836
837 r = get_encrypted_credentials_dir(&e);
838 if (r < 0) {
839 if (r != -ENXIO)
840 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to determine encrypted credentials directory, ignoring: %m");
841 } else {
842 m->received_encrypted_credentials_directory = strdup(e);
843 if (!m->received_encrypted_credentials_directory)
844 return -ENOMEM;
845 }
846
847 return 0;
848 }
849
850 void manager_set_switching_root(Manager *m, bool switching_root) {
851 assert(m);
852
853 m->switching_root = MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) && switching_root;
854 }
855
856 double manager_get_progress(Manager *m) {
857 assert(m);
858
859 if (MANAGER_IS_FINISHED(m) || m->n_installed_jobs == 0)
860 return 1.0;
861
862 return 1.0 - ((double) hashmap_size(m->jobs) / (double) m->n_installed_jobs);
863 }
864
865 static int compare_job_priority(const void *a, const void *b) {
866 const Job *x = a, *y = b;
867
868 return unit_compare_priority(x->unit, y->unit);
869 }
870
871 int manager_new(RuntimeScope runtime_scope, ManagerTestRunFlags test_run_flags, Manager **ret) {
872 _cleanup_(manager_freep) Manager *m = NULL;
873 int r;
874
875 assert(IN_SET(runtime_scope, RUNTIME_SCOPE_SYSTEM, RUNTIME_SCOPE_USER));
876 assert(ret);
877
878 m = new(Manager, 1);
879 if (!m)
880 return -ENOMEM;
881
882 *m = (Manager) {
883 .runtime_scope = runtime_scope,
884 .objective = _MANAGER_OBJECTIVE_INVALID,
885 .previous_objective = _MANAGER_OBJECTIVE_INVALID,
886
887 .status_unit_format = STATUS_UNIT_FORMAT_DEFAULT,
888
889 .original_log_level = -1,
890 .original_log_target = _LOG_TARGET_INVALID,
891
892 .watchdog_overridden[WATCHDOG_RUNTIME] = USEC_INFINITY,
893 .watchdog_overridden[WATCHDOG_REBOOT] = USEC_INFINITY,
894 .watchdog_overridden[WATCHDOG_KEXEC] = USEC_INFINITY,
895 .watchdog_overridden[WATCHDOG_PRETIMEOUT] = USEC_INFINITY,
896
897 .show_status_overridden = _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID,
898
899 .notify_fd = -EBADF,
900 .cgroups_agent_fd = -EBADF,
901 .signal_fd = -EBADF,
902 .user_lookup_fds = EBADF_PAIR,
903 .private_listen_fd = -EBADF,
904 .dev_autofs_fd = -EBADF,
905 .cgroup_inotify_fd = -EBADF,
906 .pin_cgroupfs_fd = -EBADF,
907 .ask_password_inotify_fd = -EBADF,
908 .idle_pipe = { -EBADF, -EBADF, -EBADF, -EBADF},
909
910 /* start as id #1, so that we can leave #0 around as "null-like" value */
911 .current_job_id = 1,
912
913 .have_ask_password = -EINVAL, /* we don't know */
914 .first_boot = -1,
915 .test_run_flags = test_run_flags,
916
917 .dump_ratelimit = (const RateLimit) { .interval = 10 * USEC_PER_MINUTE, .burst = 10 },
918
919 .executor_fd = -EBADF,
920 };
921
922 unit_defaults_init(&m->defaults, runtime_scope);
923
924 #if ENABLE_EFI
925 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) && detect_container() <= 0)
926 boot_timestamps(m->timestamps + MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_USERSPACE,
927 m->timestamps + MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FIRMWARE,
928 m->timestamps + MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_LOADER);
929 #endif
930
931 /* Prepare log fields we can use for structured logging */
932 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
933 m->unit_log_field = "UNIT=";
934 m->unit_log_format_string = "UNIT=%s";
935
936 m->invocation_log_field = "INVOCATION_ID=";
937 m->invocation_log_format_string = "INVOCATION_ID=%s";
938 } else {
939 m->unit_log_field = "USER_UNIT=";
940 m->unit_log_format_string = "USER_UNIT=%s";
941
942 m->invocation_log_field = "USER_INVOCATION_ID=";
943 m->invocation_log_format_string = "USER_INVOCATION_ID=%s";
944 }
945
946 /* Reboot immediately if the user hits C-A-D more often than 7x per 2s */
947 m->ctrl_alt_del_ratelimit = (const RateLimit) { .interval = 2 * USEC_PER_SEC, .burst = 7 };
948
949 r = manager_default_environment(m);
950 if (r < 0)
951 return r;
952
953 r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&m->units, &string_hash_ops);
954 if (r < 0)
955 return r;
956
957 r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&m->cgroup_unit, &path_hash_ops);
958 if (r < 0)
959 return r;
960
961 r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&m->watch_bus, &string_hash_ops);
962 if (r < 0)
963 return r;
964
965 r = prioq_ensure_allocated(&m->run_queue, compare_job_priority);
966 if (r < 0)
967 return r;
968
969 r = manager_setup_prefix(m);
970 if (r < 0)
971 return r;
972
973 r = manager_find_credentials_dirs(m);
974 if (r < 0)
975 return r;
976
977 r = sd_event_default(&m->event);
978 if (r < 0)
979 return r;
980
981 r = manager_setup_run_queue(m);
982 if (r < 0)
983 return r;
984
985 if (FLAGS_SET(test_run_flags, MANAGER_TEST_RUN_MINIMAL)) {
986 m->cgroup_root = strdup("");
987 if (!m->cgroup_root)
988 return -ENOMEM;
989 } else {
990 r = manager_setup_signals(m);
991 if (r < 0)
992 return r;
993
994 r = manager_setup_cgroup(m);
995 if (r < 0)
996 return r;
997
998 r = manager_setup_time_change(m);
999 if (r < 0)
1000 return r;
1001
1002 r = manager_read_timezone_stat(m);
1003 if (r < 0)
1004 return r;
1005
1006 (void) manager_setup_timezone_change(m);
1007
1008 r = manager_setup_sigchld_event_source(m);
1009 if (r < 0)
1010 return r;
1011
1012 r = manager_setup_memory_pressure_event_source(m);
1013 if (r < 0)
1014 return r;
1015
1016 #if HAVE_LIBBPF
1017 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) && bpf_restrict_fs_supported(/* initialize = */ true)) {
1018 r = bpf_restrict_fs_setup(m);
1019 if (r < 0)
1020 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to setup LSM BPF, ignoring: %m");
1021 }
1022 #endif
1023 }
1024
1025 if (test_run_flags == 0) {
1026 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
1027 r = mkdir_label("/run/systemd/units", 0755);
1028 else {
1029 _cleanup_free_ char *units_path = NULL;
1030 r = xdg_user_runtime_dir(&units_path, "/systemd/units");
1031 if (r < 0)
1032 return r;
1033 r = mkdir_p_label(units_path, 0755);
1034 }
1035
1036 if (r < 0 && r != -EEXIST)
1037 return r;
1038 }
1039
1040 if (!FLAGS_SET(test_run_flags, MANAGER_TEST_DONT_OPEN_EXECUTOR)) {
1041 m->executor_fd = pin_callout_binary(SYSTEMD_EXECUTOR_BINARY_PATH);
1042 if (m->executor_fd < 0)
1043 return log_debug_errno(m->executor_fd, "Failed to pin executor binary: %m");
1044
1045 _cleanup_free_ char *executor_path = NULL;
1046 r = fd_get_path(m->executor_fd, &executor_path);
1047 if (r < 0)
1048 return r;
1049
1050 log_debug("Using systemd-executor binary from '%s'.", executor_path);
1051 }
1052
1053 /* Note that we do not set up the notify fd here. We do that after deserialization,
1054 * since they might have gotten serialized across the reexec. */
1055
1056 *ret = TAKE_PTR(m);
1057
1058 return 0;
1059 }
1060
1061 static int manager_setup_notify(Manager *m) {
1062 int r;
1063
1064 if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
1065 return 0;
1066
1067 if (m->notify_fd < 0) {
1068 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
1069 union sockaddr_union sa;
1070 socklen_t sa_len;
1071
1072 /* First free all secondary fields */
1073 m->notify_socket = mfree(m->notify_socket);
1074 m->notify_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(m->notify_event_source);
1075
1076 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
1077 if (fd < 0)
1078 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
1079
1080 fd_increase_rxbuf(fd, NOTIFY_RCVBUF_SIZE);
1081
1082 m->notify_socket = path_join(m->prefix[EXEC_DIRECTORY_RUNTIME], "systemd/notify");
1083 if (!m->notify_socket)
1084 return log_oom();
1085
1086 r = sockaddr_un_set_path(&sa.un, m->notify_socket);
1087 if (r < 0)
1088 return log_error_errno(r, "Notify socket '%s' not valid for AF_UNIX socket address, refusing.",
1089 m->notify_socket);
1090 sa_len = r;
1091
1092 (void) mkdir_parents_label(m->notify_socket, 0755);
1093 (void) sockaddr_un_unlink(&sa.un);
1094
1095 r = mac_selinux_bind(fd, &sa.sa, sa_len);
1096 if (r < 0)
1097 return log_error_errno(r, "bind(%s) failed: %m", m->notify_socket);
1098
1099 r = setsockopt_int(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, true);
1100 if (r < 0)
1101 return log_error_errno(r, "SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
1102
1103 m->notify_fd = TAKE_FD(fd);
1104
1105 log_debug("Using notification socket %s", m->notify_socket);
1106 }
1107
1108 if (!m->notify_event_source) {
1109 r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->notify_event_source, m->notify_fd, EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_notify_fd, m);
1110 if (r < 0)
1111 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to allocate notify event source: %m");
1112
1113 /* Process notification messages a bit earlier than SIGCHLD, so that we can still identify to which
1114 * service an exit message belongs. */
1115 r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->notify_event_source, EVENT_PRIORITY_NOTIFY);
1116 if (r < 0)
1117 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set priority of notify event source: %m");
1118
1119 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->notify_event_source, "manager-notify");
1120 }
1121
1122 return 0;
1123 }
1124
1125 static int manager_setup_cgroups_agent(Manager *m) {
1126
1127 static const union sockaddr_union sa = {
1128 .un.sun_family = AF_UNIX,
1129 .un.sun_path = "/run/systemd/cgroups-agent",
1130 };
1131 int r;
1132
1133 /* This creates a listening socket we receive cgroups agent messages on. We do not use D-Bus for delivering
1134 * these messages from the cgroups agent binary to PID 1, as the cgroups agent binary is very short-living, and
1135 * each instance of it needs a new D-Bus connection. Since D-Bus connections are SOCK_STREAM/AF_UNIX, on
1136 * overloaded systems the backlog of the D-Bus socket becomes relevant, as not more than the configured number
1137 * of D-Bus connections may be queued until the kernel will start dropping further incoming connections,
1138 * possibly resulting in lost cgroups agent messages. To avoid this, we'll use a private SOCK_DGRAM/AF_UNIX
1139 * socket, where no backlog is relevant as communication may take place without an actual connect() cycle, and
1140 * we thus won't lose messages.
1141 *
1142 * Note that PID 1 will forward the agent message to system bus, so that the user systemd instance may listen
1143 * to it. The system instance hence listens on this special socket, but the user instances listen on the system
1144 * bus for these messages. */
1145
1146 if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
1147 return 0;
1148
1149 if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
1150 return 0;
1151
1152 r = cg_unified_controller(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER);
1153 if (r < 0)
1154 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine whether unified cgroups hierarchy is used: %m");
1155 if (r > 0) /* We don't need this anymore on the unified hierarchy */
1156 return 0;
1157
1158 if (m->cgroups_agent_fd < 0) {
1159 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
1160
1161 /* First free all secondary fields */
1162 m->cgroups_agent_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(m->cgroups_agent_event_source);
1163
1164 fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
1165 if (fd < 0)
1166 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate cgroups agent socket: %m");
1167
1168 fd_increase_rxbuf(fd, CGROUPS_AGENT_RCVBUF_SIZE);
1169
1170 (void) sockaddr_un_unlink(&sa.un);
1171
1172 /* Only allow root to connect to this socket */
1173 WITH_UMASK(0077)
1174 r = bind(fd, &sa.sa, SOCKADDR_UN_LEN(sa.un));
1175 if (r < 0)
1176 return log_error_errno(errno, "bind(%s) failed: %m", sa.un.sun_path);
1177
1178 m->cgroups_agent_fd = TAKE_FD(fd);
1179 }
1180
1181 if (!m->cgroups_agent_event_source) {
1182 r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->cgroups_agent_event_source, m->cgroups_agent_fd, EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_cgroups_agent_fd, m);
1183 if (r < 0)
1184 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to allocate cgroups agent event source: %m");
1185
1186 /* Process cgroups notifications early. Note that when the agent notification is received
1187 * we'll just enqueue the unit in the cgroup empty queue, hence pick a high priority than
1188 * that. Also see handling of cgroup inotify for the unified cgroup stuff. */
1189 r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->cgroups_agent_event_source, EVENT_PRIORITY_CGROUP_AGENT);
1190 if (r < 0)
1191 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set priority of cgroups agent event source: %m");
1192
1193 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->cgroups_agent_event_source, "manager-cgroups-agent");
1194 }
1195
1196 return 0;
1197 }
1198
1199 static int manager_setup_user_lookup_fd(Manager *m) {
1200 int r;
1201
1202 assert(m);
1203
1204 /* Set up the socket pair used for passing UID/GID resolution results from forked off processes to PID
1205 * 1. Background: we can't do name lookups (NSS) from PID 1, since it might involve IPC and thus activation,
1206 * and we might hence deadlock on ourselves. Hence we do all user/group lookups asynchronously from the forked
1207 * off processes right before executing the binaries to start. In order to be able to clean up any IPC objects
1208 * created by a unit (see RemoveIPC=) we need to know in PID 1 the used UID/GID of the executed processes,
1209 * hence we establish this communication channel so that forked off processes can pass their UID/GID
1210 * information back to PID 1. The forked off processes send their resolved UID/GID to PID 1 in a simple
1211 * datagram, along with their unit name, so that we can share one communication socket pair among all units for
1212 * this purpose.
1213 *
1214 * You might wonder why we need a communication channel for this that is independent of the usual notification
1215 * socket scheme (i.e. $NOTIFY_SOCKET). The primary difference is about trust: data sent via the $NOTIFY_SOCKET
1216 * channel is only accepted if it originates from the right unit and if reception was enabled for it. The user
1217 * lookup socket OTOH is only accessible by PID 1 and its children until they exec(), and always available.
1218 *
1219 * Note that this function is called under two circumstances: when we first initialize (in which case we
1220 * allocate both the socket pair and the event source to listen on it), and when we deserialize after a reload
1221 * (in which case the socket pair already exists but we still need to allocate the event source for it). */
1222
1223 if (m->user_lookup_fds[0] < 0) {
1224
1225 /* Free all secondary fields */
1226 safe_close_pair(m->user_lookup_fds);
1227 m->user_lookup_event_source = sd_event_source_disable_unref(m->user_lookup_event_source);
1228
1229 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0, m->user_lookup_fds) < 0)
1230 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate user lookup socket: %m");
1231
1232 (void) fd_increase_rxbuf(m->user_lookup_fds[0], NOTIFY_RCVBUF_SIZE);
1233 }
1234
1235 if (!m->user_lookup_event_source) {
1236 r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->user_lookup_event_source, m->user_lookup_fds[0], EPOLLIN, manager_dispatch_user_lookup_fd, m);
1237 if (r < 0)
1238 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to allocate user lookup event source: %m");
1239
1240 /* Process even earlier than the notify event source, so that we always know first about valid UID/GID
1241 * resolutions */
1242 r = sd_event_source_set_priority(m->user_lookup_event_source, EVENT_PRIORITY_USER_LOOKUP);
1243 if (r < 0)
1244 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to set priority of user lookup event source: %m");
1245
1246 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->user_lookup_event_source, "user-lookup");
1247 }
1248
1249 return 0;
1250 }
1251
1252 static unsigned manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(Manager *m) {
1253 Unit *u;
1254 unsigned n = 0;
1255
1256 assert(m);
1257
1258 while ((u = m->cleanup_queue)) {
1259 assert(u->in_cleanup_queue);
1260
1261 unit_free(u);
1262 n++;
1263 }
1264
1265 return n;
1266 }
1267
1268 static unsigned manager_dispatch_release_resources_queue(Manager *m) {
1269 unsigned n = 0;
1270 Unit *u;
1271
1272 assert(m);
1273
1274 while ((u = LIST_POP(release_resources_queue, m->release_resources_queue))) {
1275 assert(u->in_release_resources_queue);
1276 u->in_release_resources_queue = false;
1277
1278 n++;
1279
1280 unit_release_resources(u);
1281 }
1282
1283 return n;
1284 }
1285
1286 enum {
1287 GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH, /* This one is on the path we were traveling */
1288 GC_OFFSET_UNSURE, /* No clue */
1289 GC_OFFSET_GOOD, /* We still need this unit */
1290 GC_OFFSET_BAD, /* We don't need this unit anymore */
1291 _GC_OFFSET_MAX
1292 };
1293
1294 static void unit_gc_mark_good(Unit *u, unsigned gc_marker) {
1295 Unit *other;
1296
1297 u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD;
1298
1299 /* Recursively mark referenced units as GOOD as well */
1300 UNIT_FOREACH_DEPENDENCY(other, u, UNIT_ATOM_REFERENCES)
1301 if (other->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE)
1302 unit_gc_mark_good(other, gc_marker);
1303 }
1304
1305 static void unit_gc_sweep(Unit *u, unsigned gc_marker) {
1306 Unit *other;
1307 bool is_bad;
1308
1309 assert(u);
1310
1311 if (IN_SET(u->gc_marker - gc_marker,
1312 GC_OFFSET_GOOD, GC_OFFSET_BAD, GC_OFFSET_UNSURE, GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH))
1313 return;
1314
1315 if (u->in_cleanup_queue)
1316 goto bad;
1317
1318 if (!unit_may_gc(u))
1319 goto good;
1320
1321 u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH;
1322
1323 is_bad = true;
1324
1325 UNIT_FOREACH_DEPENDENCY(other, u, UNIT_ATOM_REFERENCED_BY) {
1326 unit_gc_sweep(other, gc_marker);
1327
1328 if (other->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD)
1329 goto good;
1330
1331 if (other->gc_marker != gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD)
1332 is_bad = false;
1333 }
1334
1335 LIST_FOREACH(refs_by_target, ref, u->refs_by_target) {
1336 unit_gc_sweep(ref->source, gc_marker);
1337
1338 if (ref->source->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD)
1339 goto good;
1340
1341 if (ref->source->gc_marker != gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD)
1342 is_bad = false;
1343 }
1344
1345 if (is_bad)
1346 goto bad;
1347
1348 /* We were unable to find anything out about this entry, so
1349 * let's investigate it later */
1350 u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE;
1351 unit_add_to_gc_queue(u);
1352 return;
1353
1354 bad:
1355 /* We definitely know that this one is not useful anymore, so
1356 * let's mark it for deletion */
1357 u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
1358 unit_add_to_cleanup_queue(u);
1359 return;
1360
1361 good:
1362 unit_gc_mark_good(u, gc_marker);
1363 }
1364
1365 static unsigned manager_dispatch_gc_unit_queue(Manager *m) {
1366 unsigned n = 0, gc_marker;
1367 Unit *u;
1368
1369 assert(m);
1370
1371 /* log_debug("Running GC..."); */
1372
1373 m->gc_marker += _GC_OFFSET_MAX;
1374 if (m->gc_marker + _GC_OFFSET_MAX <= _GC_OFFSET_MAX)
1375 m->gc_marker = 1;
1376
1377 gc_marker = m->gc_marker;
1378
1379 while ((u = LIST_POP(gc_queue, m->gc_unit_queue))) {
1380 assert(u->in_gc_queue);
1381
1382 unit_gc_sweep(u, gc_marker);
1383
1384 u->in_gc_queue = false;
1385
1386 n++;
1387
1388 if (IN_SET(u->gc_marker - gc_marker,
1389 GC_OFFSET_BAD, GC_OFFSET_UNSURE)) {
1390 if (u->id)
1391 log_unit_debug(u, "Collecting.");
1392 u->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
1393 unit_add_to_cleanup_queue(u);
1394 }
1395 }
1396
1397 return n;
1398 }
1399
1400 static unsigned manager_dispatch_gc_job_queue(Manager *m) {
1401 unsigned n = 0;
1402 Job *j;
1403
1404 assert(m);
1405
1406 while ((j = LIST_POP(gc_queue, m->gc_job_queue))) {
1407 assert(j->in_gc_queue);
1408 j->in_gc_queue = false;
1409
1410 n++;
1411
1412 if (!job_may_gc(j))
1413 continue;
1414
1415 log_unit_debug(j->unit, "Collecting job.");
1416 (void) job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_COLLECTED, false, false);
1417 }
1418
1419 return n;
1420 }
1421
1422 static int manager_ratelimit_requeue(sd_event_source *s, uint64_t usec, void *userdata) {
1423 Unit *u = userdata;
1424
1425 assert(u);
1426 assert(s == u->auto_start_stop_event_source);
1427
1428 u->auto_start_stop_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(u->auto_start_stop_event_source);
1429
1430 /* Re-queue to all queues, if the rate limit hit we might have been throttled on any of them. */
1431 unit_submit_to_stop_when_unneeded_queue(u);
1432 unit_submit_to_start_when_upheld_queue(u);
1433 unit_submit_to_stop_when_bound_queue(u);
1434
1435 return 0;
1436 }
1437
1438 static int manager_ratelimit_check_and_queue(Unit *u) {
1439 int r;
1440
1441 assert(u);
1442
1443 if (ratelimit_below(&u->auto_start_stop_ratelimit))
1444 return 1;
1445
1446 /* Already queued, no need to requeue */
1447 if (u->auto_start_stop_event_source)
1448 return 0;
1449
1450 r = sd_event_add_time(
1451 u->manager->event,
1452 &u->auto_start_stop_event_source,
1453 CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
1454 ratelimit_end(&u->auto_start_stop_ratelimit),
1455 0,
1456 manager_ratelimit_requeue,
1457 u);
1458 if (r < 0)
1459 return log_unit_error_errno(u, r, "Failed to queue timer on event loop: %m");
1460
1461 return 0;
1462 }
1463
1464 static unsigned manager_dispatch_stop_when_unneeded_queue(Manager *m) {
1465 unsigned n = 0;
1466 Unit *u;
1467 int r;
1468
1469 assert(m);
1470
1471 while ((u = LIST_POP(stop_when_unneeded_queue, m->stop_when_unneeded_queue))) {
1472 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
1473
1474 assert(u->in_stop_when_unneeded_queue);
1475 u->in_stop_when_unneeded_queue = false;
1476
1477 n++;
1478
1479 if (!unit_is_unneeded(u))
1480 continue;
1481
1482 log_unit_debug(u, "Unit is not needed anymore.");
1483
1484 /* If stopping a unit fails continuously we might enter a stop loop here, hence stop acting on the
1485 * service being unnecessary after a while. */
1486
1487 r = manager_ratelimit_check_and_queue(u);
1488 if (r <= 0) {
1489 log_unit_warning(u,
1490 "Unit not needed anymore, but not stopping since we tried this too often recently.%s",
1491 r == 0 ? " Will retry later." : "");
1492 continue;
1493 }
1494
1495 /* Ok, nobody needs us anymore. Sniff. Then let's commit suicide */
1496 r = manager_add_job(u->manager, JOB_STOP, u, JOB_FAIL, NULL, &error, NULL);
1497 if (r < 0)
1498 log_unit_warning_errno(u, r, "Failed to enqueue stop job, ignoring: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
1499 }
1500
1501 return n;
1502 }
1503
1504 static unsigned manager_dispatch_start_when_upheld_queue(Manager *m) {
1505 unsigned n = 0;
1506 Unit *u;
1507 int r;
1508
1509 assert(m);
1510
1511 while ((u = LIST_POP(start_when_upheld_queue, m->start_when_upheld_queue))) {
1512 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
1513 Unit *culprit = NULL;
1514
1515 assert(u->in_start_when_upheld_queue);
1516 u->in_start_when_upheld_queue = false;
1517
1518 n++;
1519
1520 if (!unit_is_upheld_by_active(u, &culprit))
1521 continue;
1522
1523 log_unit_debug(u, "Unit is started because upheld by active unit %s.", culprit->id);
1524
1525 /* If stopping a unit fails continuously we might enter a stop loop here, hence stop acting on the
1526 * service being unnecessary after a while. */
1527
1528 r = manager_ratelimit_check_and_queue(u);
1529 if (r <= 0) {
1530 log_unit_warning(u,
1531 "Unit needs to be started because active unit %s upholds it, but not starting since we tried this too often recently.%s",
1532 culprit->id,
1533 r == 0 ? " Will retry later." : "");
1534 continue;
1535 }
1536
1537 r = manager_add_job(u->manager, JOB_START, u, JOB_FAIL, NULL, &error, NULL);
1538 if (r < 0)
1539 log_unit_warning_errno(u, r, "Failed to enqueue start job, ignoring: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
1540 }
1541
1542 return n;
1543 }
1544
1545 static unsigned manager_dispatch_stop_when_bound_queue(Manager *m) {
1546 unsigned n = 0;
1547 Unit *u;
1548 int r;
1549
1550 assert(m);
1551
1552 while ((u = LIST_POP(stop_when_bound_queue, m->stop_when_bound_queue))) {
1553 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
1554 Unit *culprit = NULL;
1555
1556 assert(u->in_stop_when_bound_queue);
1557 u->in_stop_when_bound_queue = false;
1558
1559 n++;
1560
1561 if (!unit_is_bound_by_inactive(u, &culprit))
1562 continue;
1563
1564 log_unit_debug(u, "Unit is stopped because bound to inactive unit %s.", culprit->id);
1565
1566 /* If stopping a unit fails continuously we might enter a stop loop here, hence stop acting on the
1567 * service being unnecessary after a while. */
1568
1569 r = manager_ratelimit_check_and_queue(u);
1570 if (r <= 0) {
1571 log_unit_warning(u,
1572 "Unit needs to be stopped because it is bound to inactive unit %s it, but not stopping since we tried this too often recently.%s",
1573 culprit->id,
1574 r == 0 ? " Will retry later." : "");
1575 continue;
1576 }
1577
1578 r = manager_add_job(u->manager, JOB_STOP, u, JOB_REPLACE, NULL, &error, NULL);
1579 if (r < 0)
1580 log_unit_warning_errno(u, r, "Failed to enqueue stop job, ignoring: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
1581 }
1582
1583 return n;
1584 }
1585
1586 static void manager_clear_jobs_and_units(Manager *m) {
1587 Unit *u;
1588
1589 assert(m);
1590
1591 while ((u = hashmap_first(m->units)))
1592 unit_free(u);
1593
1594 manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m);
1595
1596 assert(!m->load_queue);
1597 assert(prioq_isempty(m->run_queue));
1598 assert(!m->dbus_unit_queue);
1599 assert(!m->dbus_job_queue);
1600 assert(!m->cleanup_queue);
1601 assert(!m->gc_unit_queue);
1602 assert(!m->gc_job_queue);
1603 assert(!m->cgroup_realize_queue);
1604 assert(!m->cgroup_empty_queue);
1605 assert(!m->cgroup_oom_queue);
1606 assert(!m->target_deps_queue);
1607 assert(!m->stop_when_unneeded_queue);
1608 assert(!m->start_when_upheld_queue);
1609 assert(!m->stop_when_bound_queue);
1610 assert(!m->release_resources_queue);
1611
1612 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->jobs));
1613 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->units));
1614
1615 m->n_on_console = 0;
1616 m->n_running_jobs = 0;
1617 m->n_installed_jobs = 0;
1618 m->n_failed_jobs = 0;
1619 }
1620
1621 Manager* manager_free(Manager *m) {
1622 if (!m)
1623 return NULL;
1624
1625 manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
1626
1627 for (UnitType c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
1628 if (unit_vtable[c]->shutdown)
1629 unit_vtable[c]->shutdown(m);
1630
1631 /* Keep the cgroup hierarchy in place except when we know we are going down for good */
1632 manager_shutdown_cgroup(m, /* delete= */ IN_SET(m->objective, MANAGER_EXIT, MANAGER_REBOOT, MANAGER_POWEROFF, MANAGER_HALT, MANAGER_KEXEC));
1633
1634 lookup_paths_flush_generator(&m->lookup_paths);
1635
1636 bus_done(m);
1637 manager_varlink_done(m);
1638
1639 exec_shared_runtime_vacuum(m);
1640 hashmap_free(m->exec_shared_runtime_by_id);
1641
1642 dynamic_user_vacuum(m, false);
1643 hashmap_free(m->dynamic_users);
1644
1645 hashmap_free(m->units);
1646 hashmap_free(m->units_by_invocation_id);
1647 hashmap_free(m->jobs);
1648 hashmap_free(m->watch_pids);
1649 hashmap_free(m->watch_pids_more);
1650 hashmap_free(m->watch_bus);
1651
1652 prioq_free(m->run_queue);
1653
1654 set_free(m->startup_units);
1655 set_free(m->failed_units);
1656
1657 sd_event_source_unref(m->signal_event_source);
1658 sd_event_source_unref(m->sigchld_event_source);
1659 sd_event_source_unref(m->notify_event_source);
1660 sd_event_source_unref(m->cgroups_agent_event_source);
1661 sd_event_source_unref(m->time_change_event_source);
1662 sd_event_source_unref(m->timezone_change_event_source);
1663 sd_event_source_unref(m->jobs_in_progress_event_source);
1664 sd_event_source_unref(m->run_queue_event_source);
1665 sd_event_source_unref(m->user_lookup_event_source);
1666 sd_event_source_unref(m->memory_pressure_event_source);
1667
1668 safe_close(m->signal_fd);
1669 safe_close(m->notify_fd);
1670 safe_close(m->cgroups_agent_fd);
1671 safe_close_pair(m->user_lookup_fds);
1672
1673 manager_close_ask_password(m);
1674
1675 manager_close_idle_pipe(m);
1676
1677 sd_event_unref(m->event);
1678
1679 free(m->notify_socket);
1680
1681 lookup_paths_done(&m->lookup_paths);
1682 strv_free(m->transient_environment);
1683 strv_free(m->client_environment);
1684
1685 hashmap_free(m->cgroup_unit);
1686 manager_free_unit_name_maps(m);
1687
1688 free(m->switch_root);
1689 free(m->switch_root_init);
1690
1691 unit_defaults_done(&m->defaults);
1692
1693 FOREACH_ARRAY(map, m->units_needing_mounts_for, _UNIT_MOUNT_DEPENDENCY_TYPE_MAX) {
1694 assert(hashmap_isempty(*map));
1695 hashmap_free(*map);
1696 }
1697
1698 hashmap_free(m->uid_refs);
1699 hashmap_free(m->gid_refs);
1700
1701 for (ExecDirectoryType dt = 0; dt < _EXEC_DIRECTORY_TYPE_MAX; dt++)
1702 m->prefix[dt] = mfree(m->prefix[dt]);
1703 free(m->received_credentials_directory);
1704 free(m->received_encrypted_credentials_directory);
1705
1706 free(m->watchdog_pretimeout_governor);
1707 free(m->watchdog_pretimeout_governor_overridden);
1708
1709 m->fw_ctx = fw_ctx_free(m->fw_ctx);
1710
1711 #if BPF_FRAMEWORK
1712 bpf_restrict_fs_destroy(m->restrict_fs);
1713 #endif
1714
1715 safe_close(m->executor_fd);
1716
1717 return mfree(m);
1718 }
1719
1720 static void manager_enumerate_perpetual(Manager *m) {
1721 assert(m);
1722
1723 if (FLAGS_SET(m->test_run_flags, MANAGER_TEST_RUN_MINIMAL))
1724 return;
1725
1726 /* Let's ask every type to load all units from disk/kernel that it might know */
1727 for (UnitType c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++) {
1728 if (!unit_type_supported(c)) {
1729 log_debug("Unit type .%s is not supported on this system.", unit_type_to_string(c));
1730 continue;
1731 }
1732
1733 if (unit_vtable[c]->enumerate_perpetual)
1734 unit_vtable[c]->enumerate_perpetual(m);
1735 }
1736 }
1737
1738 static void manager_enumerate(Manager *m) {
1739 assert(m);
1740
1741 if (FLAGS_SET(m->test_run_flags, MANAGER_TEST_RUN_MINIMAL))
1742 return;
1743
1744 /* Let's ask every type to load all units from disk/kernel that it might know */
1745 for (UnitType c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++) {
1746 if (!unit_type_supported(c)) {
1747 log_debug("Unit type .%s is not supported on this system.", unit_type_to_string(c));
1748 continue;
1749 }
1750
1751 if (unit_vtable[c]->enumerate)
1752 unit_vtable[c]->enumerate(m);
1753 }
1754
1755 manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
1756 }
1757
1758 static void manager_coldplug(Manager *m) {
1759 Unit *u;
1760 char *k;
1761 int r;
1762
1763 assert(m);
1764
1765 log_debug("Invoking unit coldplug() handlers%s", special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_ELLIPSIS));
1766
1767 /* Let's place the units back into their deserialized state */
1768 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units) {
1769
1770 /* ignore aliases */
1771 if (u->id != k)
1772 continue;
1773
1774 r = unit_coldplug(u);
1775 if (r < 0)
1776 log_warning_errno(r, "We couldn't coldplug %s, proceeding anyway: %m", u->id);
1777 }
1778 }
1779
1780 static void manager_catchup(Manager *m) {
1781 Unit *u;
1782 char *k;
1783
1784 assert(m);
1785
1786 log_debug("Invoking unit catchup() handlers%s", special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_ELLIPSIS));
1787
1788 /* Let's catch up on any state changes that happened while we were reloading/reexecing */
1789 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units) {
1790
1791 /* ignore aliases */
1792 if (u->id != k)
1793 continue;
1794
1795 unit_catchup(u);
1796 }
1797 }
1798
1799 static void manager_distribute_fds(Manager *m, FDSet *fds) {
1800 Unit *u;
1801
1802 assert(m);
1803
1804 HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units) {
1805
1806 if (fdset_isempty(fds))
1807 break;
1808
1809 if (!UNIT_VTABLE(u)->distribute_fds)
1810 continue;
1811
1812 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->distribute_fds(u, fds);
1813 }
1814 }
1815
1816 static bool manager_dbus_is_running(Manager *m, bool deserialized) {
1817 Unit *u;
1818
1819 assert(m);
1820
1821 /* This checks whether the dbus instance we are supposed to expose our APIs on is up. We check both the socket
1822 * and the service unit. If the 'deserialized' parameter is true we'll check the deserialized state of the unit
1823 * rather than the current one. */
1824
1825 if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
1826 return false;
1827
1828 u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SOCKET);
1829 if (!u)
1830 return false;
1831 if ((deserialized ? SOCKET(u)->deserialized_state : SOCKET(u)->state) != SOCKET_RUNNING)
1832 return false;
1833
1834 u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE);
1835 if (!u)
1836 return false;
1837 if (!IN_SET((deserialized ? SERVICE(u)->deserialized_state : SERVICE(u)->state),
1838 SERVICE_RUNNING,
1839 SERVICE_RELOAD,
1840 SERVICE_RELOAD_NOTIFY,
1841 SERVICE_RELOAD_SIGNAL))
1842 return false;
1843
1844 return true;
1845 }
1846
1847 static void manager_setup_bus(Manager *m) {
1848 assert(m);
1849
1850 /* Let's set up our private bus connection now, unconditionally */
1851 (void) bus_init_private(m);
1852
1853 /* If we are in --user mode also connect to the system bus now */
1854 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
1855 (void) bus_init_system(m);
1856
1857 /* Let's connect to the bus now, but only if the unit is supposed to be up */
1858 if (manager_dbus_is_running(m, MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))) {
1859 (void) bus_init_api(m);
1860
1861 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
1862 (void) bus_init_system(m);
1863 }
1864 }
1865
1866 static void manager_preset_all(Manager *m) {
1867 int r;
1868
1869 assert(m);
1870
1871 if (m->first_boot <= 0)
1872 return;
1873
1874 if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
1875 return;
1876
1877 if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
1878 return;
1879
1880 /* If this is the first boot, and we are in the host system, then preset everything */
1881 UnitFilePresetMode mode =
1882 ENABLE_FIRST_BOOT_FULL_PRESET ? UNIT_FILE_PRESET_FULL : UNIT_FILE_PRESET_ENABLE_ONLY;
1883
1884 r = unit_file_preset_all(RUNTIME_SCOPE_SYSTEM, 0, NULL, mode, NULL, 0);
1885 if (r < 0)
1886 log_full_errno(r == -EEXIST ? LOG_NOTICE : LOG_WARNING, r,
1887 "Failed to populate /etc with preset unit settings, ignoring: %m");
1888 else
1889 log_info("Populated /etc with preset unit settings.");
1890 }
1891
1892 static void manager_ready(Manager *m) {
1893 assert(m);
1894
1895 /* After having loaded everything, do the final round of catching up with what might have changed */
1896
1897 m->objective = MANAGER_OK; /* Tell everyone we are up now */
1898
1899 /* It might be safe to log to the journal now and connect to dbus */
1900 manager_recheck_journal(m);
1901 manager_recheck_dbus(m);
1902
1903 /* Let's finally catch up with any changes that took place while we were reloading/reexecing */
1904 manager_catchup(m);
1905
1906 /* Create a file which will indicate when the manager started loading units the last time. */
1907 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
1908 (void) touch_file("/run/systemd/systemd-units-load", false,
1909 m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD].realtime ?: now(CLOCK_REALTIME),
1910 UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, 0444);
1911 }
1912
1913 Manager* manager_reloading_start(Manager *m) {
1914 m->n_reloading++;
1915 dual_timestamp_now(m->timestamps + MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD);
1916 return m;
1917 }
1918
1919 void manager_reloading_stopp(Manager **m) {
1920 if (*m) {
1921 assert((*m)->n_reloading > 0);
1922 (*m)->n_reloading--;
1923 }
1924 }
1925
1926 int manager_startup(Manager *m, FILE *serialization, FDSet *fds, const char *root) {
1927 int r;
1928
1929 assert(m);
1930
1931 /* If we are running in test mode, we still want to run the generators,
1932 * but we should not touch the real generator directories. */
1933 r = lookup_paths_init_or_warn(&m->lookup_paths, m->runtime_scope,
1934 MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m) ? LOOKUP_PATHS_TEMPORARY_GENERATED : 0,
1935 root);
1936 if (r < 0)
1937 return r;
1938
1939 dual_timestamp_now(m->timestamps + manager_timestamp_initrd_mangle(MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_GENERATORS_START));
1940 r = manager_run_environment_generators(m);
1941 if (r >= 0)
1942 r = manager_run_generators(m);
1943 dual_timestamp_now(m->timestamps + manager_timestamp_initrd_mangle(MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_GENERATORS_FINISH));
1944 if (r < 0)
1945 return r;
1946
1947 manager_preset_all(m);
1948
1949 lookup_paths_log(&m->lookup_paths);
1950
1951 {
1952 /* This block is (optionally) done with the reloading counter bumped */
1953 _unused_ _cleanup_(manager_reloading_stopp) Manager *reloading = NULL;
1954
1955 /* Make sure we don't have a left-over from a previous run */
1956 if (!serialization)
1957 (void) rm_rf(m->lookup_paths.transient, 0);
1958
1959 /* If we will deserialize make sure that during enumeration this is already known, so we increase the
1960 * counter here already */
1961 if (serialization)
1962 reloading = manager_reloading_start(m);
1963
1964 /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
1965 dual_timestamp_now(m->timestamps + manager_timestamp_initrd_mangle(MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD_START));
1966 manager_enumerate_perpetual(m);
1967 manager_enumerate(m);
1968 dual_timestamp_now(m->timestamps + manager_timestamp_initrd_mangle(MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD_FINISH));
1969
1970 /* Second, deserialize if there is something to deserialize */
1971 if (serialization) {
1972 r = manager_deserialize(m, serialization, fds);
1973 if (r < 0)
1974 return log_error_errno(r, "Deserialization failed: %m");
1975 }
1976
1977 /* If we are in a new soft-reboot iteration bump the counter now before starting units, so
1978 * that they can reliably read it. We get the previous objective from serialized state. */
1979 if (m->previous_objective == MANAGER_SOFT_REBOOT)
1980 m->soft_reboots_count++;
1981
1982 /* Any fds left? Find some unit which wants them. This is useful to allow container managers to pass
1983 * some file descriptors to us pre-initialized. This enables socket-based activation of entire
1984 * containers. */
1985 manager_distribute_fds(m, fds);
1986
1987 /* We might have deserialized the notify fd, but if we didn't then let's create the bus now */
1988 r = manager_setup_notify(m);
1989 if (r < 0)
1990 /* No sense to continue without notifications, our children would fail anyway. */
1991 return r;
1992
1993 r = manager_setup_cgroups_agent(m);
1994 if (r < 0)
1995 /* Likewise, no sense to continue without empty cgroup notifications. */
1996 return r;
1997
1998 r = manager_setup_user_lookup_fd(m);
1999 if (r < 0)
2000 /* This shouldn't fail, except if things are really broken. */
2001 return r;
2002
2003 /* Connect to the bus if we are good for it */
2004 manager_setup_bus(m);
2005
2006 /* Now that we are connected to all possible buses, let's deserialize who is tracking us. */
2007 r = bus_track_coldplug(m, &m->subscribed, false, m->deserialized_subscribed);
2008 if (r < 0)
2009 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to deserialized tracked clients, ignoring: %m");
2010 m->deserialized_subscribed = strv_free(m->deserialized_subscribed);
2011
2012 r = manager_varlink_init(m);
2013 if (r < 0)
2014 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to set up Varlink, ignoring: %m");
2015
2016 /* Third, fire things up! */
2017 manager_coldplug(m);
2018
2019 /* Clean up runtime objects */
2020 manager_vacuum(m);
2021
2022 if (serialization)
2023 /* Let's wait for the UnitNew/JobNew messages being sent, before we notify that the
2024 * reload is finished */
2025 m->send_reloading_done = true;
2026 }
2027
2028 manager_ready(m);
2029
2030 manager_set_switching_root(m, false);
2031
2032 return 0;
2033 }
2034
2035 int manager_add_job(
2036 Manager *m,
2037 JobType type,
2038 Unit *unit,
2039 JobMode mode,
2040 Set *affected_jobs,
2041 sd_bus_error *error,
2042 Job **ret) {
2043
2044 _cleanup_(transaction_abort_and_freep) Transaction *tr = NULL;
2045 int r;
2046
2047 assert(m);
2048 assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
2049 assert(unit);
2050 assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
2051
2052 if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && type != JOB_START)
2053 return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Isolate is only valid for start.");
2054
2055 if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && !unit->allow_isolate)
2056 return sd_bus_error_set(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION, "Operation refused, unit may not be isolated.");
2057
2058 if (mode == JOB_TRIGGERING && type != JOB_STOP)
2059 return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "--job-mode=triggering is only valid for stop.");
2060
2061 if (mode == JOB_RESTART_DEPENDENCIES && type != JOB_START)
2062 return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "--job-mode=restart-dependencies is only valid for start.");
2063
2064 log_unit_debug(unit, "Trying to enqueue job %s/%s/%s", unit->id, job_type_to_string(type), job_mode_to_string(mode));
2065
2066 type = job_type_collapse(type, unit);
2067
2068 tr = transaction_new(mode == JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY);
2069 if (!tr)
2070 return -ENOMEM;
2071
2072 r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(
2073 tr,
2074 type,
2075 unit,
2076 /* by= */ NULL,
2077 TRANSACTION_MATTERS |
2078 (IN_SET(mode, JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES, JOB_IGNORE_REQUIREMENTS) ? TRANSACTION_IGNORE_REQUIREMENTS : 0) |
2079 (mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES ? TRANSACTION_IGNORE_ORDER : 0) |
2080 (mode == JOB_RESTART_DEPENDENCIES ? TRANSACTION_PROPAGATE_START_AS_RESTART : 0),
2081 error);
2082 if (r < 0)
2083 return r;
2084
2085 if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE) {
2086 r = transaction_add_isolate_jobs(tr, m);
2087 if (r < 0)
2088 return r;
2089 }
2090
2091 if (mode == JOB_TRIGGERING) {
2092 r = transaction_add_triggering_jobs(tr, unit);
2093 if (r < 0)
2094 return r;
2095 }
2096
2097 r = transaction_activate(tr, m, mode, affected_jobs, error);
2098 if (r < 0)
2099 return r;
2100
2101 log_unit_debug(unit,
2102 "Enqueued job %s/%s as %u", unit->id,
2103 job_type_to_string(type), (unsigned) tr->anchor_job->id);
2104
2105 if (ret)
2106 *ret = tr->anchor_job;
2107
2108 tr = transaction_free(tr);
2109 return 0;
2110 }
2111
2112 int manager_add_job_by_name(Manager *m, JobType type, const char *name, JobMode mode, Set *affected_jobs, sd_bus_error *e, Job **ret) {
2113 Unit *unit = NULL; /* just to appease gcc, initialization is not really necessary */
2114 int r;
2115
2116 assert(m);
2117 assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
2118 assert(name);
2119 assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
2120
2121 r = manager_load_unit(m, name, NULL, NULL, &unit);
2122 if (r < 0)
2123 return r;
2124 assert(unit);
2125
2126 return manager_add_job(m, type, unit, mode, affected_jobs, e, ret);
2127 }
2128
2129 int manager_add_job_by_name_and_warn(Manager *m, JobType type, const char *name, JobMode mode, Set *affected_jobs, Job **ret) {
2130 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
2131 int r;
2132
2133 assert(m);
2134 assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
2135 assert(name);
2136 assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
2137
2138 r = manager_add_job_by_name(m, type, name, mode, affected_jobs, &error, ret);
2139 if (r < 0)
2140 return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to enqueue %s job for %s: %s", job_mode_to_string(mode), name, bus_error_message(&error, r));
2141
2142 return r;
2143 }
2144
2145 int manager_propagate_reload(Manager *m, Unit *unit, JobMode mode, sd_bus_error *e) {
2146 int r;
2147 _cleanup_(transaction_abort_and_freep) Transaction *tr = NULL;
2148
2149 assert(m);
2150 assert(unit);
2151 assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
2152 assert(mode != JOB_ISOLATE); /* Isolate is only valid for start */
2153
2154 tr = transaction_new(mode == JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY);
2155 if (!tr)
2156 return -ENOMEM;
2157
2158 /* We need an anchor job */
2159 r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(tr, JOB_NOP, unit, NULL, TRANSACTION_IGNORE_REQUIREMENTS|TRANSACTION_IGNORE_ORDER, e);
2160 if (r < 0)
2161 return r;
2162
2163 /* Failure in adding individual dependencies is ignored, so this always succeeds. */
2164 transaction_add_propagate_reload_jobs(
2165 tr,
2166 unit,
2167 tr->anchor_job,
2168 mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES ? TRANSACTION_IGNORE_ORDER : 0);
2169
2170 r = transaction_activate(tr, m, mode, NULL, e);
2171 if (r < 0)
2172 return r;
2173
2174 tr = transaction_free(tr);
2175 return 0;
2176 }
2177
2178 Job *manager_get_job(Manager *m, uint32_t id) {
2179 assert(m);
2180
2181 return hashmap_get(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(id));
2182 }
2183
2184 Unit *manager_get_unit(Manager *m, const char *name) {
2185 assert(m);
2186 assert(name);
2187
2188 return hashmap_get(m->units, name);
2189 }
2190
2191 static int manager_dispatch_target_deps_queue(Manager *m) {
2192 Unit *u;
2193 int r = 0;
2194
2195 assert(m);
2196
2197 while ((u = LIST_POP(target_deps_queue, m->target_deps_queue))) {
2198 _cleanup_free_ Unit **targets = NULL;
2199 int n_targets;
2200
2201 assert(u->in_target_deps_queue);
2202
2203 u->in_target_deps_queue = false;
2204
2205 /* Take an "atomic" snapshot of dependencies here, as the call below will likely modify the
2206 * dependencies, and we can't have it that hash tables we iterate through are modified while
2207 * we are iterating through them. */
2208 n_targets = unit_get_dependency_array(u, UNIT_ATOM_DEFAULT_TARGET_DEPENDENCIES, &targets);
2209 if (n_targets < 0)
2210 return n_targets;
2211
2212 FOREACH_ARRAY(i, targets, n_targets) {
2213 r = unit_add_default_target_dependency(u, *i);
2214 if (r < 0)
2215 return r;
2216 }
2217 }
2218
2219 return r;
2220 }
2221
2222 unsigned manager_dispatch_load_queue(Manager *m) {
2223 Unit *u;
2224 unsigned n = 0;
2225
2226 assert(m);
2227
2228 /* Make sure we are not run recursively */
2229 if (m->dispatching_load_queue)
2230 return 0;
2231
2232 m->dispatching_load_queue = true;
2233
2234 /* Dispatches the load queue. Takes a unit from the queue and
2235 * tries to load its data until the queue is empty */
2236
2237 while ((u = m->load_queue)) {
2238 assert(u->in_load_queue);
2239
2240 unit_load(u);
2241 n++;
2242 }
2243
2244 m->dispatching_load_queue = false;
2245
2246 /* Dispatch the units waiting for their target dependencies to be added now, as all targets that we know about
2247 * should be loaded and have aliases resolved */
2248 (void) manager_dispatch_target_deps_queue(m);
2249
2250 return n;
2251 }
2252
2253 bool manager_unit_cache_should_retry_load(Unit *u) {
2254 assert(u);
2255
2256 /* Automatic reloading from disk only applies to units which were not found sometime in the past, and
2257 * the not-found stub is kept pinned in the unit graph by dependencies. For units that were
2258 * previously loaded, we don't do automatic reloading, and daemon-reload is necessary to update. */
2259 if (u->load_state != UNIT_NOT_FOUND)
2260 return false;
2261
2262 /* The cache has been updated since the last time we tried to load the unit. There might be new
2263 * fragment paths to read. */
2264 if (u->manager->unit_cache_timestamp_hash != u->fragment_not_found_timestamp_hash)
2265 return true;
2266
2267 /* The cache needs to be updated because there are modifications on disk. */
2268 return !lookup_paths_timestamp_hash_same(&u->manager->lookup_paths, u->manager->unit_cache_timestamp_hash, NULL);
2269 }
2270
2271 int manager_load_unit_prepare(
2272 Manager *m,
2273 const char *name,
2274 const char *path,
2275 sd_bus_error *e,
2276 Unit **ret) {
2277
2278 _cleanup_(unit_freep) Unit *cleanup_unit = NULL;
2279 _cleanup_free_ char *nbuf = NULL;
2280 int r;
2281
2282 assert(m);
2283 assert(ret);
2284 assert(name || path);
2285
2286 /* This will prepare the unit for loading, but not actually load anything from disk. */
2287
2288 if (path && !path_is_absolute(path))
2289 return sd_bus_error_setf(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Path %s is not absolute.", path);
2290
2291 if (!name) {
2292 r = path_extract_filename(path, &nbuf);
2293 if (r < 0)
2294 return r;
2295 if (r == O_DIRECTORY)
2296 return sd_bus_error_setf(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Path '%s' refers to directory, refusing.", path);
2297
2298 name = nbuf;
2299 }
2300
2301 UnitType t = unit_name_to_type(name);
2302
2303 if (t == _UNIT_TYPE_INVALID || !unit_name_is_valid(name, UNIT_NAME_PLAIN|UNIT_NAME_INSTANCE)) {
2304 if (unit_name_is_valid(name, UNIT_NAME_TEMPLATE))
2305 return sd_bus_error_setf(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Unit name %s is missing the instance name.", name);
2306
2307 return sd_bus_error_setf(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Unit name %s is not valid.", name);
2308 }
2309
2310 Unit *unit = manager_get_unit(m, name);
2311 if (unit) {
2312 /* The time-based cache allows to start new units without daemon-reload,
2313 * but if they are already referenced (because of dependencies or ordering)
2314 * then we have to force a load of the fragment. As an optimization, check
2315 * first if anything in the usual paths was modified since the last time
2316 * the cache was loaded. Also check if the last time an attempt to load the
2317 * unit was made was before the most recent cache refresh, so that we know
2318 * we need to try again — even if the cache is current, it might have been
2319 * updated in a different context before we had a chance to retry loading
2320 * this particular unit. */
2321 if (manager_unit_cache_should_retry_load(unit))
2322 unit->load_state = UNIT_STUB;
2323 else {
2324 *ret = unit;
2325 return 0; /* The unit was already loaded */
2326 }
2327 } else {
2328 unit = cleanup_unit = unit_new(m, unit_vtable[t]->object_size);
2329 if (!unit)
2330 return -ENOMEM;
2331 }
2332
2333 if (path) {
2334 r = free_and_strdup(&unit->fragment_path, path);
2335 if (r < 0)
2336 return r;
2337 }
2338
2339 r = unit_add_name(unit, name);
2340 if (r < 0)
2341 return r;
2342
2343 unit_add_to_load_queue(unit);
2344 unit_add_to_dbus_queue(unit);
2345 unit_add_to_gc_queue(unit);
2346
2347 *ret = unit;
2348 TAKE_PTR(cleanup_unit);
2349
2350 return 1; /* The unit was added the load queue */
2351 }
2352
2353 int manager_load_unit(
2354 Manager *m,
2355 const char *name,
2356 const char *path,
2357 sd_bus_error *e,
2358 Unit **ret) {
2359 int r;
2360
2361 assert(m);
2362 assert(ret);
2363
2364 /* This will load the unit config, but not actually start any services or anything. */
2365
2366 r = manager_load_unit_prepare(m, name, path, e, ret);
2367 if (r <= 0)
2368 return r;
2369
2370 /* Unit was newly loaded */
2371 manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
2372 *ret = unit_follow_merge(*ret);
2373 return 0;
2374 }
2375
2376 int manager_load_startable_unit_or_warn(
2377 Manager *m,
2378 const char *name,
2379 const char *path,
2380 Unit **ret) {
2381
2382 /* Load a unit, make sure it loaded fully and is not masked. */
2383
2384 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
2385 Unit *unit;
2386 int r;
2387
2388 r = manager_load_unit(m, name, path, &error, &unit);
2389 if (r < 0)
2390 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to load %s %s: %s",
2391 name ? "unit" : "unit file", name ?: path,
2392 bus_error_message(&error, r));
2393
2394 r = bus_unit_validate_load_state(unit, &error);
2395 if (r < 0)
2396 return log_error_errno(r, "%s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
2397
2398 *ret = unit;
2399 return 0;
2400 }
2401
2402 void manager_clear_jobs(Manager *m) {
2403 Job *j;
2404
2405 assert(m);
2406
2407 while ((j = hashmap_first(m->jobs)))
2408 /* No need to recurse. We're cancelling all jobs. */
2409 job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_CANCELED, false, false);
2410 }
2411
2412 void manager_unwatch_pidref(Manager *m, const PidRef *pid) {
2413 assert(m);
2414
2415 for (;;) {
2416 Unit *u;
2417
2418 u = manager_get_unit_by_pidref_watching(m, pid);
2419 if (!u)
2420 break;
2421
2422 unit_unwatch_pidref(u, pid);
2423 }
2424 }
2425
2426 static int manager_dispatch_run_queue(sd_event_source *source, void *userdata) {
2427 Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
2428 Job *j;
2429
2430 assert(source);
2431
2432 while ((j = prioq_peek(m->run_queue))) {
2433 assert(j->installed);
2434 assert(j->in_run_queue);
2435
2436 (void) job_run_and_invalidate(j);
2437 }
2438
2439 if (m->n_running_jobs > 0)
2440 manager_watch_jobs_in_progress(m);
2441
2442 if (m->n_on_console > 0)
2443 manager_watch_idle_pipe(m);
2444
2445 return 1;
2446 }
2447
2448 void manager_trigger_run_queue(Manager *m) {
2449 int r;
2450
2451 assert(m);
2452
2453 r = sd_event_source_set_enabled(
2454 m->run_queue_event_source,
2455 prioq_isempty(m->run_queue) ? SD_EVENT_OFF : SD_EVENT_ONESHOT);
2456 if (r < 0)
2457 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to enable job run queue event source, ignoring: %m");
2458 }
2459
2460 static unsigned manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(Manager *m) {
2461 unsigned n = 0, budget;
2462 Unit *u;
2463 Job *j;
2464
2465 assert(m);
2466
2467 /* When we are reloading, let's not wait with generating signals, since we need to exit the manager as quickly
2468 * as we can. There's no point in throttling generation of signals in that case. */
2469 if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m) || m->send_reloading_done || m->pending_reload_message)
2470 budget = UINT_MAX; /* infinite budget in this case */
2471 else {
2472 /* Anything to do at all? */
2473 if (!m->dbus_unit_queue && !m->dbus_job_queue)
2474 return 0;
2475
2476 /* Do we have overly many messages queued at the moment? If so, let's not enqueue more on top, let's
2477 * sit this cycle out, and process things in a later cycle when the queues got a bit emptier. */
2478 if (manager_bus_n_queued_write(m) > MANAGER_BUS_BUSY_THRESHOLD)
2479 return 0;
2480
2481 /* Only process a certain number of units/jobs per event loop iteration. Even if the bus queue wasn't
2482 * overly full before this call we shouldn't increase it in size too wildly in one step, and we
2483 * shouldn't monopolize CPU time with generating these messages. Note the difference in counting of
2484 * this "budget" and the "threshold" above: the "budget" is decreased only once per generated message,
2485 * regardless how many buses/direct connections it is enqueued on, while the "threshold" is applied to
2486 * each queued instance of bus message, i.e. if the same message is enqueued to five buses/direct
2487 * connections it will be counted five times. This difference in counting ("references"
2488 * vs. "instances") is primarily a result of the fact that it's easier to implement it this way,
2489 * however it also reflects the thinking that the "threshold" should put a limit on used queue memory,
2490 * i.e. space, while the "budget" should put a limit on time. Also note that the "threshold" is
2491 * currently chosen much higher than the "budget". */
2492 budget = MANAGER_BUS_MESSAGE_BUDGET;
2493 }
2494
2495 while (budget != 0 && (u = m->dbus_unit_queue)) {
2496
2497 assert(u->in_dbus_queue);
2498
2499 bus_unit_send_change_signal(u);
2500 n++;
2501
2502 if (budget != UINT_MAX)
2503 budget--;
2504 }
2505
2506 while (budget != 0 && (j = m->dbus_job_queue)) {
2507 assert(j->in_dbus_queue);
2508
2509 bus_job_send_change_signal(j);
2510 n++;
2511
2512 if (budget != UINT_MAX)
2513 budget--;
2514 }
2515
2516 if (m->send_reloading_done) {
2517 m->send_reloading_done = false;
2518 bus_manager_send_reloading(m, false);
2519 n++;
2520 }
2521
2522 if (m->pending_reload_message) {
2523 bus_send_pending_reload_message(m);
2524 n++;
2525 }
2526
2527 return n;
2528 }
2529
2530 static int manager_dispatch_cgroups_agent_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
2531 Manager *m = userdata;
2532 char buf[PATH_MAX];
2533 ssize_t n;
2534
2535 n = recv(fd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
2536 if (n < 0)
2537 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read cgroups agent message: %m");
2538 if (n == 0) {
2539 log_error("Got zero-length cgroups agent message, ignoring.");
2540 return 0;
2541 }
2542 if ((size_t) n >= sizeof(buf)) {
2543 log_error("Got overly long cgroups agent message, ignoring.");
2544 return 0;
2545 }
2546
2547 if (memchr(buf, 0, n)) {
2548 log_error("Got cgroups agent message with embedded NUL byte, ignoring.");
2549 return 0;
2550 }
2551 buf[n] = 0;
2552
2553 manager_notify_cgroup_empty(m, buf);
2554 (void) bus_forward_agent_released(m, buf);
2555
2556 return 0;
2557 }
2558
2559 static bool manager_process_barrier_fd(char * const *tags, FDSet *fds) {
2560
2561 /* nothing else must be sent when using BARRIER=1 */
2562 if (strv_contains(tags, "BARRIER=1")) {
2563 if (strv_length(tags) != 1)
2564 log_warning("Extra notification messages sent with BARRIER=1, ignoring everything.");
2565 else if (fdset_size(fds) != 1)
2566 log_warning("Got incorrect number of fds with BARRIER=1, closing them.");
2567
2568 /* Drop the message if BARRIER=1 was found */
2569 return true;
2570 }
2571
2572 return false;
2573 }
2574
2575 static void manager_invoke_notify_message(
2576 Manager *m,
2577 Unit *u,
2578 const struct ucred *ucred,
2579 char * const *tags,
2580 FDSet *fds) {
2581
2582 assert(m);
2583 assert(u);
2584 assert(ucred);
2585 assert(tags);
2586
2587 if (u->notifygen == m->notifygen) /* Already invoked on this same unit in this same iteration? */
2588 return;
2589 u->notifygen = m->notifygen;
2590
2591 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message)
2592 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message(u, ucred, tags, fds);
2593
2594 else if (DEBUG_LOGGING) {
2595 _cleanup_free_ char *joined = strv_join(tags, ", ");
2596 char buf[CELLESCAPE_DEFAULT_LENGTH];
2597
2598 log_unit_debug(u, "Got notification message from unexpected unit type, ignoring: %s",
2599 joined ? cellescape(buf, sizeof(buf), joined) : "(null)");
2600 }
2601 }
2602
2603 static int manager_dispatch_notify_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
2604 Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
2605 _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
2606 char buf[NOTIFY_BUFFER_MAX+1];
2607 struct iovec iovec = {
2608 .iov_base = buf,
2609 .iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1,
2610 };
2611 CMSG_BUFFER_TYPE(CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred)) +
2612 CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int) * NOTIFY_FD_MAX)) control;
2613 struct msghdr msghdr = {
2614 .msg_iov = &iovec,
2615 .msg_iovlen = 1,
2616 .msg_control = &control,
2617 .msg_controllen = sizeof(control),
2618 };
2619
2620 struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
2621 struct ucred *ucred = NULL;
2622 _cleanup_free_ Unit **array_copy = NULL;
2623 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **tags = NULL;
2624 Unit *u1, *u2, **array;
2625 int r, *fd_array = NULL;
2626 size_t n_fds = 0;
2627 bool found = false;
2628 ssize_t n;
2629
2630 assert(m->notify_fd == fd);
2631
2632 if (revents != EPOLLIN) {
2633 log_warning("Got unexpected poll event for notify fd.");
2634 return 0;
2635 }
2636
2637 n = recvmsg_safe(m->notify_fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT|MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC|MSG_TRUNC);
2638 if (ERRNO_IS_NEG_TRANSIENT(n))
2639 return 0; /* Spurious wakeup, try again */
2640 if (n == -EXFULL) {
2641 log_warning("Got message with truncated control data (too many fds sent?), ignoring.");
2642 return 0;
2643 }
2644 if (n < 0)
2645 /* If this is any other, real error, then stop processing this socket. This of course means
2646 * we won't take notification messages anymore, but that's still better than busy looping:
2647 * being woken up over and over again, but being unable to actually read the message from the
2648 * socket. */
2649 return log_error_errno(n, "Failed to receive notification message: %m");
2650
2651 CMSG_FOREACH(cmsg, &msghdr)
2652 if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET && cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_RIGHTS) {
2653
2654 assert(!fd_array);
2655 fd_array = CMSG_TYPED_DATA(cmsg, int);
2656 n_fds = (cmsg->cmsg_len - CMSG_LEN(0)) / sizeof(int);
2657
2658 } else if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
2659 cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_CREDENTIALS &&
2660 cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred))) {
2661
2662 assert(!ucred);
2663 ucred = CMSG_TYPED_DATA(cmsg, struct ucred);
2664 }
2665
2666 if (n_fds > 0) {
2667 assert(fd_array);
2668
2669 r = fdset_new_array(&fds, fd_array, n_fds);
2670 if (r < 0) {
2671 close_many(fd_array, n_fds);
2672 log_oom();
2673 return 0;
2674 }
2675 }
2676
2677 if (!ucred || !pid_is_valid(ucred->pid)) {
2678 log_warning("Received notify message without valid credentials. Ignoring.");
2679 return 0;
2680 }
2681
2682 if ((size_t) n >= sizeof(buf) || (msghdr.msg_flags & MSG_TRUNC)) {
2683 log_warning("Received notify message exceeded maximum size. Ignoring.");
2684 return 0;
2685 }
2686
2687 /* As extra safety check, let's make sure the string we get doesn't contain embedded NUL bytes.
2688 * We permit one trailing NUL byte in the message, but don't expect it. */
2689 if (n > 1 && memchr(buf, 0, n-1)) {
2690 log_warning("Received notify message with embedded NUL bytes. Ignoring.");
2691 return 0;
2692 }
2693
2694 /* Make sure it's NUL-terminated, then parse it to obtain the tags list. */
2695 buf[n] = 0;
2696 tags = strv_split_newlines(buf);
2697 if (!tags) {
2698 log_oom();
2699 return 0;
2700 }
2701
2702 /* Possibly a barrier fd, let's see. */
2703 if (manager_process_barrier_fd(tags, fds)) {
2704 log_debug("Received barrier notification message from PID " PID_FMT ".", ucred->pid);
2705 return 0;
2706 }
2707
2708 /* Increase the generation counter used for filtering out duplicate unit invocations. */
2709 m->notifygen++;
2710
2711 /* Generate lookup key from the PID (we have no pidfd here, after all) */
2712 PidRef pidref = PIDREF_MAKE_FROM_PID(ucred->pid);
2713
2714 /* Notify every unit that might be interested, which might be multiple. */
2715 u1 = manager_get_unit_by_pidref_cgroup(m, &pidref);
2716 u2 = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, &pidref);
2717 array = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids_more, &pidref);
2718 if (array) {
2719 size_t k = 0;
2720
2721 while (array[k])
2722 k++;
2723
2724 array_copy = newdup(Unit*, array, k+1);
2725 if (!array_copy)
2726 log_oom();
2727 }
2728 /* And now invoke the per-unit callbacks. Note that manager_invoke_notify_message() will handle
2729 * duplicate units make sure we only invoke each unit's handler once. */
2730 if (u1) {
2731 manager_invoke_notify_message(m, u1, ucred, tags, fds);
2732 found = true;
2733 }
2734 if (u2) {
2735 manager_invoke_notify_message(m, u2, ucred, tags, fds);
2736 found = true;
2737 }
2738 if (array_copy)
2739 for (size_t i = 0; array_copy[i]; i++) {
2740 manager_invoke_notify_message(m, array_copy[i], ucred, tags, fds);
2741 found = true;
2742 }
2743
2744 if (!found)
2745 log_warning("Cannot find unit for notify message of PID "PID_FMT", ignoring.", ucred->pid);
2746
2747 if (!fdset_isempty(fds))
2748 log_warning("Got extra auxiliary fds with notification message, closing them.");
2749
2750 return 0;
2751 }
2752
2753 static void manager_invoke_sigchld_event(
2754 Manager *m,
2755 Unit *u,
2756 const siginfo_t *si) {
2757
2758 assert(m);
2759 assert(u);
2760 assert(si);
2761
2762 /* Already invoked the handler of this unit in this iteration? Then don't process this again */
2763 if (u->sigchldgen == m->sigchldgen)
2764 return;
2765 u->sigchldgen = m->sigchldgen;
2766
2767 log_unit_debug(u, "Child "PID_FMT" belongs to %s.", si->si_pid, u->id);
2768 unit_unwatch_pid(u, si->si_pid);
2769
2770 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->sigchld_event)
2771 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->sigchld_event(u, si->si_pid, si->si_code, si->si_status);
2772 }
2773
2774 static int manager_dispatch_sigchld(sd_event_source *source, void *userdata) {
2775 Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
2776 siginfo_t si = {};
2777 int r;
2778
2779 assert(source);
2780
2781 /* First we call waitid() for a PID and do not reap the zombie. That way we can still access
2782 * /proc/$PID for it while it is a zombie. */
2783
2784 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WEXITED|WNOHANG|WNOWAIT) < 0) {
2785
2786 if (errno != ECHILD)
2787 log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to peek for child with waitid(), ignoring: %m");
2788
2789 goto turn_off;
2790 }
2791
2792 if (si.si_pid <= 0)
2793 goto turn_off;
2794
2795 if (IN_SET(si.si_code, CLD_EXITED, CLD_KILLED, CLD_DUMPED)) {
2796 _cleanup_free_ Unit **array_copy = NULL;
2797 _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL;
2798 Unit *u1, *u2, **array;
2799
2800 (void) pid_get_comm(si.si_pid, &name);
2801
2802 log_debug("Child "PID_FMT" (%s) died (code=%s, status=%i/%s)",
2803 si.si_pid, strna(name),
2804 sigchld_code_to_string(si.si_code),
2805 si.si_status,
2806 strna(si.si_code == CLD_EXITED
2807 ? exit_status_to_string(si.si_status, EXIT_STATUS_FULL)
2808 : signal_to_string(si.si_status)));
2809
2810 /* Increase the generation counter used for filtering out duplicate unit invocations */
2811 m->sigchldgen++;
2812
2813 /* We look this up by a PidRef that only consists of the PID. After all we couldn't create a
2814 * pidfd here any more even if we wanted (since the process just exited). */
2815 PidRef pidref = PIDREF_MAKE_FROM_PID(si.si_pid);
2816
2817 /* And now figure out the unit this belongs to, it might be multiple... */
2818 u1 = manager_get_unit_by_pidref_cgroup(m, &pidref);
2819 u2 = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, &pidref);
2820 array = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids_more, &pidref);
2821 if (array) {
2822 size_t n = 0;
2823
2824 /* Count how many entries the array has */
2825 while (array[n])
2826 n++;
2827
2828 /* Make a copy of the array so that we don't trip up on the array changing beneath us */
2829 array_copy = newdup(Unit*, array, n+1);
2830 if (!array_copy)
2831 log_oom();
2832 }
2833
2834 /* Finally, execute them all. Note that u1, u2 and the array might contain duplicates, but
2835 * that's fine, manager_invoke_sigchld_event() will ensure we only invoke the handlers once for
2836 * each iteration. */
2837 if (u1) {
2838 /* We check for oom condition, in case we got SIGCHLD before the oom notification.
2839 * We only do this for the cgroup the PID belonged to. */
2840 (void) unit_check_oom(u1);
2841
2842 /* We check if systemd-oomd performed a kill so that we log and notify appropriately */
2843 (void) unit_check_oomd_kill(u1);
2844
2845 manager_invoke_sigchld_event(m, u1, &si);
2846 }
2847 if (u2)
2848 manager_invoke_sigchld_event(m, u2, &si);
2849 if (array_copy)
2850 for (size_t i = 0; array_copy[i]; i++)
2851 manager_invoke_sigchld_event(m, array_copy[i], &si);
2852 }
2853
2854 /* And now, we actually reap the zombie. */
2855 if (waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WEXITED) < 0) {
2856 log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to dequeue child, ignoring: %m");
2857 return 0;
2858 }
2859
2860 return 0;
2861
2862 turn_off:
2863 /* All children processed for now, turn off event source */
2864
2865 r = sd_event_source_set_enabled(m->sigchld_event_source, SD_EVENT_OFF);
2866 if (r < 0)
2867 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to disable SIGCHLD event source: %m");
2868
2869 return 0;
2870 }
2871
2872 static void manager_start_special(Manager *m, const char *name, JobMode mode) {
2873 Job *job;
2874
2875 if (manager_add_job_by_name_and_warn(m, JOB_START, name, mode, NULL, &job) < 0)
2876 return;
2877
2878 const char *s = unit_status_string(job->unit, NULL);
2879
2880 log_info("Activating special unit %s...", s);
2881
2882 (void) sd_notifyf(/* unset_environment= */ false,
2883 "STATUS=Activating special unit %s...", s);
2884 m->status_ready = false;
2885 }
2886
2887 static void manager_handle_ctrl_alt_del(Manager *m) {
2888 /* If the user presses C-A-D more than
2889 * 7 times within 2s, we reboot/shutdown immediately,
2890 * unless it was disabled in system.conf */
2891
2892 if (ratelimit_below(&m->ctrl_alt_del_ratelimit) || m->cad_burst_action == EMERGENCY_ACTION_NONE)
2893 manager_start_special(m, SPECIAL_CTRL_ALT_DEL_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY);
2894 else
2895 emergency_action(m, m->cad_burst_action, EMERGENCY_ACTION_WARN, NULL, -1,
2896 "Ctrl-Alt-Del was pressed more than 7 times within 2s");
2897 }
2898
2899 static int manager_dispatch_signal_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
2900 Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
2901 ssize_t n;
2902 struct signalfd_siginfo sfsi;
2903 int r;
2904
2905 assert(m->signal_fd == fd);
2906
2907 if (revents != EPOLLIN) {
2908 log_warning("Got unexpected events from signal file descriptor.");
2909 return 0;
2910 }
2911
2912 n = read(m->signal_fd, &sfsi, sizeof(sfsi));
2913 if (n < 0) {
2914 if (ERRNO_IS_TRANSIENT(errno))
2915 return 0;
2916
2917 /* We return an error here, which will kill this handler,
2918 * to avoid a busy loop on read error. */
2919 return log_error_errno(errno, "Reading from signal fd failed: %m");
2920 }
2921 if (n != sizeof(sfsi)) {
2922 log_warning("Truncated read from signal fd (%zi bytes), ignoring!", n);
2923 return 0;
2924 }
2925
2926 log_received_signal(sfsi.ssi_signo == SIGCHLD ||
2927 (sfsi.ssi_signo == SIGTERM && MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
2928 ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO,
2929 &sfsi);
2930
2931 switch (sfsi.ssi_signo) {
2932
2933 case SIGCHLD:
2934 r = sd_event_source_set_enabled(m->sigchld_event_source, SD_EVENT_ON);
2935 if (r < 0)
2936 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to enable SIGCHLD event source, ignoring: %m");
2937
2938 break;
2939
2940 case SIGTERM:
2941 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
2942 /* This is for compatibility with the original sysvinit */
2943 if (verify_run_space_and_log("Refusing to reexecute") < 0)
2944 break;
2945
2946 m->objective = MANAGER_REEXECUTE;
2947 break;
2948 }
2949
2950 _fallthrough_;
2951 case SIGINT:
2952 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
2953 manager_handle_ctrl_alt_del(m);
2954 else
2955 manager_start_special(m, SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY);
2956 break;
2957
2958 case SIGWINCH:
2959 /* This is a nop on non-init */
2960 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
2961 manager_start_special(m, SPECIAL_KBREQUEST_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2962
2963 break;
2964
2965 case SIGPWR:
2966 /* This is a nop on non-init */
2967 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
2968 manager_start_special(m, SPECIAL_SIGPWR_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2969
2970 break;
2971
2972 case SIGUSR1:
2973 if (manager_dbus_is_running(m, false)) {
2974 log_info("Trying to reconnect to bus...");
2975
2976 (void) bus_init_api(m);
2977
2978 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
2979 (void) bus_init_system(m);
2980 } else
2981 manager_start_special(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE, JOB_REPLACE);
2982
2983 break;
2984
2985 case SIGUSR2: {
2986 _cleanup_free_ char *dump = NULL;
2987
2988 r = manager_get_dump_string(m, /* patterns= */ NULL, &dump);
2989 if (r < 0) {
2990 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to acquire manager dump: %m");
2991 break;
2992 }
2993
2994 log_dump(LOG_INFO, dump);
2995 break;
2996 }
2997
2998 case SIGHUP:
2999 if (verify_run_space_and_log("Refusing to reload") < 0)
3000 break;
3001
3002 m->objective = MANAGER_RELOAD;
3003 break;
3004
3005 default: {
3006
3007 /* Starting SIGRTMIN+0 */
3008 static const struct {
3009 const char *target;
3010 JobMode mode;
3011 } target_table[] = {
3012 [0] = { SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET, JOB_ISOLATE },
3013 [1] = { SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET, JOB_ISOLATE },
3014 [2] = { SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET, JOB_ISOLATE },
3015 [3] = { SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY },
3016 [4] = { SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY },
3017 [5] = { SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY },
3018 [6] = { SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY },
3019 [7] = { SPECIAL_SOFT_REBOOT_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY },
3020 };
3021
3022 /* Starting SIGRTMIN+13, so that target halt and system halt are 10 apart */
3023 static const ManagerObjective objective_table[] = {
3024 [0] = MANAGER_HALT,
3025 [1] = MANAGER_POWEROFF,
3026 [2] = MANAGER_REBOOT,
3027 [3] = MANAGER_KEXEC,
3028 [4] = MANAGER_SOFT_REBOOT,
3029 };
3030
3031 if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+0 &&
3032 (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+(int) ELEMENTSOF(target_table)) {
3033 int idx = (int) sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN;
3034 manager_start_special(m, target_table[idx].target, target_table[idx].mode);
3035 break;
3036 }
3037
3038 if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+13 &&
3039 (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+13+(int) ELEMENTSOF(objective_table)) {
3040 m->objective = objective_table[sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN - 13];
3041 break;
3042 }
3043
3044 switch (sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN) {
3045
3046 case 18: {
3047 bool generic = false;
3048
3049 if (sfsi.ssi_code != SI_QUEUE)
3050 generic = true;
3051 else {
3052 /* Override a few select commands by our own PID1-specific logic */
3053
3054 switch (sfsi.ssi_int) {
3055
3056 case _COMMON_SIGNAL_COMMAND_LOG_LEVEL_BASE..._COMMON_SIGNAL_COMMAND_LOG_LEVEL_END:
3057 manager_override_log_level(m, sfsi.ssi_int - _COMMON_SIGNAL_COMMAND_LOG_LEVEL_BASE);
3058 break;
3059
3060 case COMMON_SIGNAL_COMMAND_CONSOLE:
3061 manager_override_log_target(m, LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE);
3062 break;
3063
3064 case COMMON_SIGNAL_COMMAND_JOURNAL:
3065 manager_override_log_target(m, LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL);
3066 break;
3067
3068 case COMMON_SIGNAL_COMMAND_KMSG:
3069 manager_override_log_target(m, LOG_TARGET_KMSG);
3070 break;
3071
3072 case COMMON_SIGNAL_COMMAND_NULL:
3073 manager_override_log_target(m, LOG_TARGET_NULL);
3074 break;
3075
3076 case MANAGER_SIGNAL_COMMAND_DUMP_JOBS: {
3077 _cleanup_free_ char *dump_jobs = NULL;
3078
3079 r = manager_get_dump_jobs_string(m, /* patterns= */ NULL, " ", &dump_jobs);
3080 if (r < 0) {
3081 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to acquire manager jobs dump: %m");
3082 break;
3083 }
3084
3085 log_dump(LOG_INFO, dump_jobs);
3086 break;
3087 }
3088
3089 default:
3090 generic = true;
3091 }
3092 }
3093
3094 if (generic)
3095 return sigrtmin18_handler(source, &sfsi, NULL);
3096
3097 break;
3098 }
3099
3100 case 20:
3101 manager_override_show_status(m, SHOW_STATUS_YES, "signal");
3102 break;
3103
3104 case 21:
3105 manager_override_show_status(m, SHOW_STATUS_NO, "signal");
3106 break;
3107
3108 case 22:
3109 manager_override_log_level(m, LOG_DEBUG);
3110 break;
3111
3112 case 23:
3113 manager_restore_original_log_level(m);
3114 break;
3115
3116 case 24:
3117 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m)) {
3118 m->objective = MANAGER_EXIT;
3119 return 0;
3120 }
3121
3122 /* This is a nop on init */
3123 break;
3124
3125 case 25:
3126 m->objective = MANAGER_REEXECUTE;
3127 break;
3128
3129 case 26:
3130 case 29: /* compatibility: used to be mapped to LOG_TARGET_SYSLOG_OR_KMSG */
3131 manager_restore_original_log_target(m);
3132 break;
3133
3134 case 27:
3135 manager_override_log_target(m, LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE);
3136 break;
3137
3138 case 28:
3139 manager_override_log_target(m, LOG_TARGET_KMSG);
3140 break;
3141
3142 default:
3143 log_warning("Got unhandled signal <%s>.", signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo));
3144 }
3145 }}
3146
3147 return 0;
3148 }
3149
3150 static int manager_dispatch_time_change_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
3151 Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
3152 Unit *u;
3153
3154 log_struct(LOG_DEBUG,
3155 "MESSAGE_ID=" SD_MESSAGE_TIME_CHANGE_STR,
3156 LOG_MESSAGE("Time has been changed"));
3157
3158 /* Restart the watch */
3159 (void) manager_setup_time_change(m);
3160
3161 HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units)
3162 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->time_change)
3163 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->time_change(u);
3164
3165 return 0;
3166 }
3167
3168 static int manager_dispatch_timezone_change(
3169 sd_event_source *source,
3170 const struct inotify_event *e,
3171 void *userdata) {
3172
3173 Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
3174 int changed;
3175 Unit *u;
3176
3177 log_debug("inotify event for /etc/localtime");
3178
3179 changed = manager_read_timezone_stat(m);
3180 if (changed <= 0)
3181 return changed;
3182
3183 /* Something changed, restart the watch, to ensure we watch the new /etc/localtime if it changed */
3184 (void) manager_setup_timezone_change(m);
3185
3186 /* Read the new timezone */
3187 tzset();
3188
3189 log_debug("Timezone has been changed (now: %s).", tzname[daylight]);
3190
3191 HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units)
3192 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->timezone_change)
3193 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->timezone_change(u);
3194
3195 return 0;
3196 }
3197
3198 static int manager_dispatch_idle_pipe_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
3199 Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
3200
3201 assert(m->idle_pipe[2] == fd);
3202
3203 /* There's at least one Type=idle child that just gave up on us waiting for the boot process to
3204 * complete. Let's now turn off any further console output if there's at least one service that needs
3205 * console access, so that from now on our own output should not spill into that service's output
3206 * anymore. After all, we support Type=idle only to beautify console output and it generally is set
3207 * on services that want to own the console exclusively without our interference. */
3208 m->no_console_output = m->n_on_console > 0;
3209
3210 /* Acknowledge the child's request, and let all other children know too that they shouldn't wait
3211 * any longer by closing the pipes towards them, which is what they are waiting for. */
3212 manager_close_idle_pipe(m);
3213
3214 return 0;
3215 }
3216
3217 static int manager_dispatch_jobs_in_progress(sd_event_source *source, usec_t usec, void *userdata) {
3218 Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
3219 int r;
3220
3221 assert(source);
3222
3223 manager_print_jobs_in_progress(m);
3224
3225 r = sd_event_source_set_time_relative(source, JOBS_IN_PROGRESS_PERIOD_USEC);
3226 if (r < 0)
3227 return r;
3228
3229 return sd_event_source_set_enabled(source, SD_EVENT_ONESHOT);
3230 }
3231
3232 int manager_loop(Manager *m) {
3233 RateLimit rl = { .interval = 1*USEC_PER_SEC, .burst = 50000 };
3234 int r;
3235
3236 assert(m);
3237 assert(m->objective == MANAGER_OK); /* Ensure manager_startup() has been called */
3238
3239 manager_check_finished(m);
3240
3241 /* There might still be some zombies hanging around from before we were exec()'ed. Let's reap them. */
3242 r = sd_event_source_set_enabled(m->sigchld_event_source, SD_EVENT_ON);
3243 if (r < 0)
3244 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to enable SIGCHLD event source: %m");
3245
3246 while (m->objective == MANAGER_OK) {
3247
3248 (void) watchdog_ping();
3249
3250 if (!ratelimit_below(&rl)) {
3251 /* Yay, something is going seriously wrong, pause a little */
3252 log_warning("Looping too fast. Throttling execution a little.");
3253 sleep(1);
3254 }
3255
3256 if (manager_dispatch_load_queue(m) > 0)
3257 continue;
3258
3259 if (manager_dispatch_gc_job_queue(m) > 0)
3260 continue;
3261
3262 if (manager_dispatch_gc_unit_queue(m) > 0)
3263 continue;
3264
3265 if (manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m) > 0)
3266 continue;
3267
3268 if (manager_dispatch_cgroup_realize_queue(m) > 0)
3269 continue;
3270
3271 if (manager_dispatch_start_when_upheld_queue(m) > 0)
3272 continue;
3273
3274 if (manager_dispatch_stop_when_bound_queue(m) > 0)
3275 continue;
3276
3277 if (manager_dispatch_stop_when_unneeded_queue(m) > 0)
3278 continue;
3279
3280 if (manager_dispatch_release_resources_queue(m) > 0)
3281 continue;
3282
3283 if (manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(m) > 0)
3284 continue;
3285
3286 /* Sleep for watchdog runtime wait time */
3287 r = sd_event_run(m->event, watchdog_runtime_wait());
3288 if (r < 0)
3289 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to run event loop: %m");
3290 }
3291
3292 return m->objective;
3293 }
3294
3295 int manager_load_unit_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, sd_bus_error *e, Unit **_u) {
3296 _cleanup_free_ char *n = NULL;
3297 sd_id128_t invocation_id;
3298 Unit *u;
3299 int r;
3300
3301 assert(m);
3302 assert(s);
3303 assert(_u);
3304
3305 r = unit_name_from_dbus_path(s, &n);
3306 if (r < 0)
3307 return r;
3308
3309 /* Permit addressing units by invocation ID: if the passed bus path is suffixed by a 128-bit ID then
3310 * we use it as invocation ID. */
3311 r = sd_id128_from_string(n, &invocation_id);
3312 if (r >= 0) {
3313 u = hashmap_get(m->units_by_invocation_id, &invocation_id);
3314 if (u) {
3315 *_u = u;
3316 return 0;
3317 }
3318
3319 return sd_bus_error_setf(e, BUS_ERROR_NO_UNIT_FOR_INVOCATION_ID,
3320 "No unit with the specified invocation ID " SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR " known.",
3321 SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(invocation_id));
3322 }
3323
3324 /* If this didn't work, we check if this is a unit name */
3325 if (!unit_name_is_valid(n, UNIT_NAME_PLAIN|UNIT_NAME_INSTANCE)) {
3326 _cleanup_free_ char *nn = NULL;
3327
3328 nn = cescape(n);
3329 return sd_bus_error_setf(e, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
3330 "Unit name %s is neither a valid invocation ID nor unit name.", strnull(nn));
3331 }
3332
3333 r = manager_load_unit(m, n, NULL, e, &u);
3334 if (r < 0)
3335 return r;
3336
3337 *_u = u;
3338 return 0;
3339 }
3340
3341 int manager_get_job_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Job **_j) {
3342 const char *p;
3343 unsigned id;
3344 Job *j;
3345 int r;
3346
3347 assert(m);
3348 assert(s);
3349 assert(_j);
3350
3351 p = startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/job/");
3352 if (!p)
3353 return -EINVAL;
3354
3355 r = safe_atou(p, &id);
3356 if (r < 0)
3357 return r;
3358
3359 j = manager_get_job(m, id);
3360 if (!j)
3361 return -ENOENT;
3362
3363 *_j = j;
3364
3365 return 0;
3366 }
3367
3368 void manager_send_unit_audit(Manager *m, Unit *u, int type, bool success) {
3369
3370 #if HAVE_AUDIT
3371 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
3372 const char *msg;
3373 int audit_fd, r;
3374
3375 assert(m);
3376 assert(u);
3377
3378 if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
3379 return;
3380
3381 /* Don't generate audit events if the service was already started and we're just deserializing */
3382 if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))
3383 return;
3384
3385 audit_fd = get_audit_fd();
3386 if (audit_fd < 0)
3387 return;
3388
3389 r = unit_name_to_prefix_and_instance(u->id, &p);
3390 if (r < 0) {
3391 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to extract prefix and instance of unit name, ignoring: %m");
3392 return;
3393 }
3394
3395 msg = strjoina("unit=", p);
3396 if (audit_log_user_comm_message(audit_fd, type, msg, "systemd", NULL, NULL, NULL, success) < 0) {
3397 if (ERRNO_IS_PRIVILEGE(errno)) {
3398 /* We aren't allowed to send audit messages? Then let's not retry again. */
3399 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to send audit message, closing audit socket: %m");
3400 close_audit_fd();
3401 } else
3402 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to send audit message, ignoring: %m");
3403 }
3404 #endif
3405 }
3406
3407 void manager_send_unit_plymouth(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
3408 _cleanup_free_ char *message = NULL;
3409 int c, r;
3410
3411 assert(m);
3412 assert(u);
3413
3414 if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
3415 return;
3416
3417 /* Don't generate plymouth events if the service was already started and we're just deserializing */
3418 if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))
3419 return;
3420
3421 if (detect_container() > 0)
3422 return;
3423
3424 if (!UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_plymouth)
3425 return;
3426
3427 c = asprintf(&message, "U\x02%c%s%c", (int) (strlen(u->id) + 1), u->id, '\x00');
3428 if (c < 0)
3429 return (void) log_oom();
3430
3431 /* We set SOCK_NONBLOCK here so that we rather drop the message then wait for plymouth */
3432 r = plymouth_send_raw(message, c, SOCK_NONBLOCK);
3433 if (r < 0)
3434 log_full_errno(ERRNO_IS_NO_PLYMOUTH(r) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
3435 "Failed to communicate with plymouth: %m");
3436 }
3437
3438 void manager_send_unit_supervisor(Manager *m, Unit *u, bool active) {
3439 assert(m);
3440 assert(u);
3441
3442 /* Notify a "supervisor" process about our progress, i.e. a container manager, hypervisor, or
3443 * surrounding service manager. */
3444
3445 if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))
3446 return;
3447
3448 if (!UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_supervisor)
3449 return;
3450
3451 if (in_initrd()) /* Only send these once we left the initrd */
3452 return;
3453
3454 (void) sd_notifyf(/* unset_environment= */ false,
3455 active ? "X_SYSTEMD_UNIT_ACTIVE=%s" : "X_SYSTEMD_UNIT_INACTIVE=%s",
3456 u->id);
3457 }
3458
3459 usec_t manager_get_watchdog(Manager *m, WatchdogType t) {
3460 assert(m);
3461
3462 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
3463 return USEC_INFINITY;
3464
3465 if (m->watchdog_overridden[t] != USEC_INFINITY)
3466 return m->watchdog_overridden[t];
3467
3468 return m->watchdog[t];
3469 }
3470
3471 void manager_set_watchdog(Manager *m, WatchdogType t, usec_t timeout) {
3472
3473 assert(m);
3474
3475 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
3476 return;
3477
3478 if (m->watchdog[t] == timeout)
3479 return;
3480
3481 if (m->watchdog_overridden[t] == USEC_INFINITY) {
3482 if (t == WATCHDOG_RUNTIME)
3483 (void) watchdog_setup(timeout);
3484 else if (t == WATCHDOG_PRETIMEOUT)
3485 (void) watchdog_setup_pretimeout(timeout);
3486 }
3487
3488 m->watchdog[t] = timeout;
3489 }
3490
3491 void manager_override_watchdog(Manager *m, WatchdogType t, usec_t timeout) {
3492 usec_t usec;
3493
3494 assert(m);
3495
3496 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
3497 return;
3498
3499 if (m->watchdog_overridden[t] == timeout)
3500 return;
3501
3502 usec = timeout == USEC_INFINITY ? m->watchdog[t] : timeout;
3503 if (t == WATCHDOG_RUNTIME)
3504 (void) watchdog_setup(usec);
3505 else if (t == WATCHDOG_PRETIMEOUT)
3506 (void) watchdog_setup_pretimeout(usec);
3507
3508 m->watchdog_overridden[t] = timeout;
3509 }
3510
3511 int manager_set_watchdog_pretimeout_governor(Manager *m, const char *governor) {
3512 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
3513 int r;
3514
3515 assert(m);
3516
3517 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
3518 return 0;
3519
3520 if (streq_ptr(m->watchdog_pretimeout_governor, governor))
3521 return 0;
3522
3523 p = strdup(governor);
3524 if (!p)
3525 return -ENOMEM;
3526
3527 r = watchdog_setup_pretimeout_governor(governor);
3528 if (r < 0)
3529 return r;
3530
3531 return free_and_replace(m->watchdog_pretimeout_governor, p);
3532 }
3533
3534 int manager_override_watchdog_pretimeout_governor(Manager *m, const char *governor) {
3535 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
3536 int r;
3537
3538 assert(m);
3539
3540 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
3541 return 0;
3542
3543 if (streq_ptr(m->watchdog_pretimeout_governor_overridden, governor))
3544 return 0;
3545
3546 p = strdup(governor);
3547 if (!p)
3548 return -ENOMEM;
3549
3550 r = watchdog_setup_pretimeout_governor(governor);
3551 if (r < 0)
3552 return r;
3553
3554 return free_and_replace(m->watchdog_pretimeout_governor_overridden, p);
3555 }
3556
3557 int manager_reload(Manager *m) {
3558 _unused_ _cleanup_(manager_reloading_stopp) Manager *reloading = NULL;
3559 _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fds = NULL;
3560 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
3561 int r;
3562
3563 assert(m);
3564
3565 r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f);
3566 if (r < 0)
3567 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create serialization file: %m");
3568
3569 fds = fdset_new();
3570 if (!fds)
3571 return log_oom();
3572
3573 /* We are officially in reload mode from here on. */
3574 reloading = manager_reloading_start(m);
3575
3576 r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds, false);
3577 if (r < 0)
3578 return r;
3579
3580 if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0)
3581 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to seek to beginning of serialization: %m");
3582
3583 /* 💀 This is the point of no return, from here on there is no way back. 💀 */
3584 reloading = NULL;
3585
3586 bus_manager_send_reloading(m, true);
3587
3588 /* Start by flushing out all jobs and units, all generated units, all runtime environments, all dynamic users
3589 * and everything else that is worth flushing out. We'll get it all back from the serialization — if we need
3590 * it. */
3591
3592 manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
3593 lookup_paths_flush_generator(&m->lookup_paths);
3594 lookup_paths_done(&m->lookup_paths);
3595 exec_shared_runtime_vacuum(m);
3596 dynamic_user_vacuum(m, false);
3597 m->uid_refs = hashmap_free(m->uid_refs);
3598 m->gid_refs = hashmap_free(m->gid_refs);
3599
3600 r = lookup_paths_init_or_warn(&m->lookup_paths, m->runtime_scope, 0, NULL);
3601 if (r < 0)
3602 return r;
3603
3604 (void) manager_run_environment_generators(m);
3605 (void) manager_run_generators(m);
3606
3607 lookup_paths_log(&m->lookup_paths);
3608
3609 /* We flushed out generated files, for which we don't watch mtime, so we should flush the old map. */
3610 manager_free_unit_name_maps(m);
3611 m->unit_file_state_outdated = false;
3612
3613 /* First, enumerate what we can from kernel and suchlike */
3614 manager_enumerate_perpetual(m);
3615 manager_enumerate(m);
3616
3617 /* Second, deserialize our stored data */
3618 r = manager_deserialize(m, f, fds);
3619 if (r < 0)
3620 log_warning_errno(r, "Deserialization failed, proceeding anyway: %m");
3621
3622 /* We don't need the serialization anymore */
3623 f = safe_fclose(f);
3624
3625 /* Re-register notify_fd as event source, and set up other sockets/communication channels we might need */
3626 (void) manager_setup_notify(m);
3627 (void) manager_setup_cgroups_agent(m);
3628 (void) manager_setup_user_lookup_fd(m);
3629
3630 /* Third, fire things up! */
3631 manager_coldplug(m);
3632
3633 /* Clean up runtime objects no longer referenced */
3634 manager_vacuum(m);
3635
3636 /* Clean up deserialized tracked clients */
3637 m->deserialized_subscribed = strv_free(m->deserialized_subscribed);
3638
3639 /* Consider the reload process complete now. */
3640 assert(m->n_reloading > 0);
3641 m->n_reloading--;
3642
3643 manager_ready(m);
3644
3645 m->send_reloading_done = true;
3646 return 0;
3647 }
3648
3649 void manager_reset_failed(Manager *m) {
3650 Unit *u;
3651
3652 assert(m);
3653
3654 HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units)
3655 unit_reset_failed(u);
3656 }
3657
3658 bool manager_unit_inactive_or_pending(Manager *m, const char *name) {
3659 Unit *u;
3660
3661 assert(m);
3662 assert(name);
3663
3664 /* Returns true if the unit is inactive or going down */
3665 u = manager_get_unit(m, name);
3666 if (!u)
3667 return true;
3668
3669 return unit_inactive_or_pending(u);
3670 }
3671
3672 static void log_taint_string(Manager *m) {
3673 _cleanup_free_ char *taint = NULL;
3674
3675 assert(m);
3676
3677 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m) || m->taint_logged)
3678 return;
3679
3680 m->taint_logged = true; /* only check for taint once */
3681
3682 taint = manager_taint_string(m);
3683 if (isempty(taint))
3684 return;
3685
3686 log_struct(LOG_NOTICE,
3687 LOG_MESSAGE("System is tainted: %s", taint),
3688 "TAINT=%s", taint,
3689 "MESSAGE_ID=" SD_MESSAGE_TAINTED_STR);
3690 }
3691
3692 static void manager_notify_finished(Manager *m) {
3693 usec_t firmware_usec, loader_usec, kernel_usec, initrd_usec, userspace_usec, total_usec;
3694
3695 if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
3696 return;
3697
3698 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) && m->soft_reboots_count > 0) {
3699 /* The soft-reboot case, where we only report data for the last reboot */
3700 firmware_usec = loader_usec = initrd_usec = kernel_usec = 0;
3701 total_usec = userspace_usec = usec_sub_unsigned(m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FINISH].monotonic, m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_SHUTDOWN_START].monotonic);
3702
3703 log_struct(LOG_INFO,
3704 "MESSAGE_ID=" SD_MESSAGE_STARTUP_FINISHED_STR,
3705 "USERSPACE_USEC="USEC_FMT, userspace_usec,
3706 LOG_MESSAGE("Soft-reboot finished in %s.",
3707 FORMAT_TIMESPAN(total_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC)));
3708 } else if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m) && detect_container() <= 0) {
3709 char buf[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX + STRLEN(" (firmware) + ") + FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX + STRLEN(" (loader) + ")]
3710 = {};
3711 char *p = buf;
3712 size_t size = sizeof buf;
3713
3714 /* Note that MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_KERNEL's monotonic value is always at 0, and
3715 * MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FIRMWARE's and MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_LOADER's monotonic value should be considered
3716 * negative values. */
3717
3718 firmware_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FIRMWARE].monotonic - m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_LOADER].monotonic;
3719 loader_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_LOADER].monotonic - m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_KERNEL].monotonic;
3720 userspace_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FINISH].monotonic - m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_USERSPACE].monotonic;
3721 total_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FIRMWARE].monotonic + m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FINISH].monotonic;
3722
3723 if (firmware_usec > 0)
3724 size = strpcpyf(&p, size, "%s (firmware) + ", FORMAT_TIMESPAN(firmware_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC));
3725 if (loader_usec > 0)
3726 size = strpcpyf(&p, size, "%s (loader) + ", FORMAT_TIMESPAN(loader_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC));
3727
3728 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD])) {
3729
3730 /* The initrd case on bare-metal */
3731 kernel_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD].monotonic - m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_KERNEL].monotonic;
3732 initrd_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_USERSPACE].monotonic - m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD].monotonic;
3733
3734 log_struct(LOG_INFO,
3735 "MESSAGE_ID=" SD_MESSAGE_STARTUP_FINISHED_STR,
3736 "KERNEL_USEC="USEC_FMT, kernel_usec,
3737 "INITRD_USEC="USEC_FMT, initrd_usec,
3738 "USERSPACE_USEC="USEC_FMT, userspace_usec,
3739 LOG_MESSAGE("Startup finished in %s%s (kernel) + %s (initrd) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
3740 buf,
3741 FORMAT_TIMESPAN(kernel_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
3742 FORMAT_TIMESPAN(initrd_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
3743 FORMAT_TIMESPAN(userspace_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
3744 FORMAT_TIMESPAN(total_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC)));
3745 } else {
3746 /* The initrd-less case on bare-metal */
3747
3748 kernel_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_USERSPACE].monotonic - m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_KERNEL].monotonic;
3749 initrd_usec = 0;
3750
3751 log_struct(LOG_INFO,
3752 "MESSAGE_ID=" SD_MESSAGE_STARTUP_FINISHED_STR,
3753 "KERNEL_USEC="USEC_FMT, kernel_usec,
3754 "USERSPACE_USEC="USEC_FMT, userspace_usec,
3755 LOG_MESSAGE("Startup finished in %s%s (kernel) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
3756 buf,
3757 FORMAT_TIMESPAN(kernel_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
3758 FORMAT_TIMESPAN(userspace_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC),
3759 FORMAT_TIMESPAN(total_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC)));
3760 }
3761 } else {
3762 /* The container and --user case */
3763 firmware_usec = loader_usec = initrd_usec = kernel_usec = 0;
3764 total_usec = userspace_usec = m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FINISH].monotonic - m->timestamps[MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_USERSPACE].monotonic;
3765
3766 log_struct(LOG_INFO,
3767 "MESSAGE_ID=" SD_MESSAGE_USER_STARTUP_FINISHED_STR,
3768 "USERSPACE_USEC="USEC_FMT, userspace_usec,
3769 LOG_MESSAGE("Startup finished in %s.",
3770 FORMAT_TIMESPAN(total_usec, USEC_PER_MSEC)));
3771 }
3772
3773 bus_manager_send_finished(m, firmware_usec, loader_usec, kernel_usec, initrd_usec, userspace_usec, total_usec);
3774
3775 log_taint_string(m);
3776 }
3777
3778 static void manager_send_ready_user_scope(Manager *m) {
3779 int r;
3780
3781 assert(m);
3782
3783 /* We send READY=1 on reaching basic.target only when running in --user mode. */
3784 if (!MANAGER_IS_USER(m) || m->ready_sent)
3785 return;
3786
3787 r = sd_notify(/* unset_environment= */ false,
3788 "READY=1\n"
3789 "STATUS=Reached " SPECIAL_BASIC_TARGET ".");
3790 if (r < 0)
3791 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to send readiness notification, ignoring: %m");
3792
3793 m->ready_sent = true;
3794 m->status_ready = false;
3795 }
3796
3797 static void manager_send_ready_system_scope(Manager *m) {
3798 int r;
3799
3800 assert(m);
3801
3802 if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
3803 return;
3804
3805 /* Skip the notification if nothing changed. */
3806 if (m->ready_sent && m->status_ready)
3807 return;
3808
3809 r = sd_notify(/* unset_environment= */ false,
3810 "READY=1\n"
3811 "STATUS=Ready.");
3812 if (r < 0)
3813 log_full_errno(m->ready_sent ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, r,
3814 "Failed to send readiness notification, ignoring: %m");
3815
3816 m->ready_sent = m->status_ready = true;
3817 }
3818
3819 static void manager_check_basic_target(Manager *m) {
3820 Unit *u;
3821
3822 assert(m);
3823
3824 /* Small shortcut */
3825 if (m->ready_sent && m->taint_logged)
3826 return;
3827
3828 u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_BASIC_TARGET);
3829 if (!u || !UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_RELOADING(unit_active_state(u)))
3830 return;
3831
3832 /* For user managers, send out READY=1 as soon as we reach basic.target */
3833 manager_send_ready_user_scope(m);
3834
3835 /* Log the taint string as soon as we reach basic.target */
3836 log_taint_string(m);
3837 }
3838
3839 void manager_check_finished(Manager *m) {
3840 assert(m);
3841
3842 if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))
3843 return;
3844
3845 /* Verify that we have entered the event loop already, and not left it again. */
3846 if (!MANAGER_IS_RUNNING(m))
3847 return;
3848
3849 manager_check_basic_target(m);
3850
3851 if (!hashmap_isempty(m->jobs)) {
3852 if (m->jobs_in_progress_event_source)
3853 /* Ignore any failure, this is only for feedback */
3854 (void) sd_event_source_set_time(m->jobs_in_progress_event_source,
3855 manager_watch_jobs_next_time(m));
3856 return;
3857 }
3858
3859 /* The jobs hashmap tends to grow a lot during boot, and then it's not reused until shutdown. Let's
3860 kill the hashmap if it is relatively large. */
3861 if (hashmap_buckets(m->jobs) > hashmap_size(m->units) / 10)
3862 m->jobs = hashmap_free(m->jobs);
3863
3864 manager_send_ready_system_scope(m);
3865
3866 /* Notify Type=idle units that we are done now */
3867 manager_close_idle_pipe(m);
3868
3869 if (MANAGER_IS_FINISHED(m))
3870 return;
3871
3872 manager_flip_auto_status(m, false, "boot finished");
3873
3874 /* Turn off confirm spawn now */
3875 m->confirm_spawn = NULL;
3876
3877 /* No need to update ask password status when we're going non-interactive */
3878 manager_close_ask_password(m);
3879
3880 /* This is no longer the first boot */
3881 manager_set_first_boot(m, false);
3882
3883 dual_timestamp_now(m->timestamps + MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FINISH);
3884
3885 manager_notify_finished(m);
3886
3887 manager_invalidate_startup_units(m);
3888 }
3889
3890 void manager_send_reloading(Manager *m) {
3891 assert(m);
3892
3893 /* Let whoever invoked us know that we are now reloading */
3894 (void) notify_reloading_full(/* status = */ NULL);
3895
3896 /* And ensure that we'll send READY=1 again as soon as we are ready again */
3897 m->ready_sent = false;
3898 }
3899
3900 static bool generator_path_any(const char* const* paths) {
3901 bool found = false;
3902
3903 /* Optimize by skipping the whole process by not creating output directories
3904 * if no generators are found. */
3905 STRV_FOREACH(path, paths)
3906 if (access(*path, F_OK) == 0)
3907 found = true;
3908 else if (errno != ENOENT)
3909 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to open generator directory %s: %m", *path);
3910
3911 return found;
3912 }
3913
3914 static int manager_run_environment_generators(Manager *m) {
3915 char **tmp = NULL; /* this is only used in the forked process, no cleanup here */
3916 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **paths = NULL;
3917 void* args[] = {
3918 [STDOUT_GENERATE] = &tmp,
3919 [STDOUT_COLLECT] = &tmp,
3920 [STDOUT_CONSUME] = &m->transient_environment,
3921 };
3922 int r;
3923
3924 if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m) && !(m->test_run_flags & MANAGER_TEST_RUN_ENV_GENERATORS))
3925 return 0;
3926
3927 paths = env_generator_binary_paths(m->runtime_scope);
3928 if (!paths)
3929 return log_oom();
3930
3931 if (!generator_path_any((const char* const*) paths))
3932 return 0;
3933
3934 WITH_UMASK(0022)
3935 r = execute_directories((const char* const*) paths, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_USEC, gather_environment,
3936 args, NULL, m->transient_environment,
3937 EXEC_DIR_PARALLEL | EXEC_DIR_IGNORE_ERRORS | EXEC_DIR_SET_SYSTEMD_EXEC_PID);
3938 return r;
3939 }
3940
3941 static int build_generator_environment(Manager *m, char ***ret) {
3942 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **nl = NULL;
3943 Virtualization v;
3944 ConfidentialVirtualization cv;
3945 int r;
3946
3947 assert(m);
3948 assert(ret);
3949
3950 /* Generators oftentimes want to know some basic facts about the environment they run in, in order to
3951 * adjust generated units to that. Let's pass down some bits of information that are easy for us to
3952 * determine (but a bit harder for generator scripts to determine), as environment variables. */
3953
3954 nl = strv_copy(m->transient_environment);
3955 if (!nl)
3956 return -ENOMEM;
3957
3958 r = strv_env_assign(&nl, "SYSTEMD_SCOPE", runtime_scope_to_string(m->runtime_scope));
3959 if (r < 0)
3960 return r;
3961
3962 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
3963 /* Note that $SYSTEMD_IN_INITRD may be used to override the initrd detection in much of our
3964 * codebase. This is hence more than purely informational. It will shortcut detection of the
3965 * initrd state if generators invoke our own tools. But that's OK, as it would come to the
3966 * same results (hopefully). */
3967 r = strv_env_assign(&nl, "SYSTEMD_IN_INITRD", one_zero(in_initrd()));
3968 if (r < 0)
3969 return r;
3970
3971 if (m->first_boot >= 0) {
3972 r = strv_env_assign(&nl, "SYSTEMD_FIRST_BOOT", one_zero(m->first_boot));
3973 if (r < 0)
3974 return r;
3975 }
3976 }
3977
3978 v = detect_virtualization();
3979 if (v < 0)
3980 log_debug_errno(v, "Failed to detect virtualization, ignoring: %m");
3981 else if (v > 0) {
3982 const char *s;
3983
3984 s = strjoina(VIRTUALIZATION_IS_VM(v) ? "vm:" :
3985 VIRTUALIZATION_IS_CONTAINER(v) ? "container:" : ":",
3986 virtualization_to_string(v));
3987
3988 r = strv_env_assign(&nl, "SYSTEMD_VIRTUALIZATION", s);
3989 if (r < 0)
3990 return r;
3991 }
3992
3993 cv = detect_confidential_virtualization();
3994 if (cv < 0)
3995 log_debug_errno(cv, "Failed to detect confidential virtualization, ignoring: %m");
3996 else if (cv > 0) {
3997 r = strv_env_assign(&nl, "SYSTEMD_CONFIDENTIAL_VIRTUALIZATION", confidential_virtualization_to_string(cv));
3998 if (r < 0)
3999 return r;
4000 }
4001
4002 r = strv_env_assign(&nl, "SYSTEMD_ARCHITECTURE", architecture_to_string(uname_architecture()));
4003 if (r < 0)
4004 return r;
4005
4006 *ret = TAKE_PTR(nl);
4007 return 0;
4008 }
4009
4010 static int manager_execute_generators(Manager *m, char **paths, bool remount_ro) {
4011 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **ge = NULL;
4012 const char *argv[] = {
4013 NULL, /* Leave this empty, execute_directory() will fill something in */
4014 m->lookup_paths.generator,
4015 m->lookup_paths.generator_early,
4016 m->lookup_paths.generator_late,
4017 NULL,
4018 };
4019 int r;
4020
4021 r = build_generator_environment(m, &ge);
4022 if (r < 0)
4023 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to build generator environment: %m");
4024
4025 if (remount_ro) {
4026 /* Remount most of the filesystem tree read-only. We leave /sys/ as-is, because our code
4027 * checks whether it is read-only to detect containerized execution environments. We leave
4028 * /run/ as-is too, because that's where our output goes. We also leave /proc/ and /dev/shm/
4029 * because they're API, and /tmp/ that safe_fork() mounted for us.
4030 */
4031 r = bind_remount_recursive("/", MS_RDONLY, MS_RDONLY,
4032 STRV_MAKE("/sys", "/run", "/proc", "/dev/shm", "/tmp"));
4033 if (r < 0)
4034 log_warning_errno(r, "Read-only bind remount failed, ignoring: %m");
4035 }
4036
4037 BLOCK_WITH_UMASK(0022);
4038 return execute_directories(
4039 (const char* const*) paths,
4040 DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_USEC,
4041 /* callbacks= */ NULL, /* callback_args= */ NULL,
4042 (char**) argv,
4043 ge,
4044 EXEC_DIR_PARALLEL | EXEC_DIR_IGNORE_ERRORS | EXEC_DIR_SET_SYSTEMD_EXEC_PID);
4045 }
4046
4047 static int manager_run_generators(Manager *m) {
4048 ForkFlags flags = FORK_RESET_SIGNALS | FORK_WAIT | FORK_NEW_MOUNTNS | FORK_MOUNTNS_SLAVE;
4049 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **paths = NULL;
4050 int r;
4051
4052 assert(m);
4053
4054 if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m) && !(m->test_run_flags & MANAGER_TEST_RUN_GENERATORS))
4055 return 0;
4056
4057 paths = generator_binary_paths(m->runtime_scope);
4058 if (!paths)
4059 return log_oom();
4060
4061 if (!generator_path_any((const char* const*) paths))
4062 return 0;
4063
4064 r = lookup_paths_mkdir_generator(&m->lookup_paths);
4065 if (r < 0) {
4066 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create generator directories: %m");
4067 goto finish;
4068 }
4069
4070 /* If we are the system manager, we fork and invoke the generators in a sanitized mount namespace. If
4071 * we are the user manager, let's just execute the generators directly. We might not have the
4072 * necessary privileges, and the system manager has already mounted /tmp/ and everything else for us.
4073 */
4074 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m)) {
4075 r = manager_execute_generators(m, paths, /* remount_ro= */ false);
4076 goto finish;
4077 }
4078
4079 /* On some systems /tmp/ doesn't exist, and on some other systems we cannot create it at all. Avoid
4080 * trying to mount a private tmpfs on it as there's no one size fits all. */
4081 if (is_dir("/tmp", /* follow= */ false) > 0)
4082 flags |= FORK_PRIVATE_TMP;
4083
4084 r = safe_fork("(sd-gens)", flags, NULL);
4085 if (r == 0) {
4086 r = manager_execute_generators(m, paths, /* remount_ro= */ true);
4087 _exit(r >= 0 ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
4088 }
4089 if (r < 0) {
4090 if (!ERRNO_IS_PRIVILEGE(r) && r != -EINVAL) {
4091 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to fork off sandboxing environment for executing generators: %m");
4092 goto finish;
4093 }
4094
4095 /* Failed to fork with new mount namespace? Maybe, running in a container environment with
4096 * seccomp or without capability.
4097 *
4098 * We also allow -EINVAL to allow running without CLONE_NEWNS.
4099 *
4100 * Also, when running on non-native userland architecture via systemd-nspawn and
4101 * qemu-user-static QEMU-emulator, clone() with CLONE_NEWNS fails with EINVAL, see
4102 * https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/28901.
4103 */
4104 log_debug_errno(r,
4105 "Failed to fork off sandboxing environment for executing generators. "
4106 "Falling back to execute generators without sandboxing: %m");
4107 r = manager_execute_generators(m, paths, /* remount_ro= */ false);
4108 }
4109
4110 finish:
4111 lookup_paths_trim_generator(&m->lookup_paths);
4112 return r;
4113 }
4114
4115 int manager_transient_environment_add(Manager *m, char **plus) {
4116 char **a;
4117
4118 assert(m);
4119
4120 if (strv_isempty(plus))
4121 return 0;
4122
4123 a = strv_env_merge(m->transient_environment, plus);
4124 if (!a)
4125 return log_oom();
4126
4127 sanitize_environment(a);
4128
4129 return strv_free_and_replace(m->transient_environment, a);
4130 }
4131
4132 int manager_client_environment_modify(
4133 Manager *m,
4134 char **minus,
4135 char **plus) {
4136
4137 char **a = NULL, **b = NULL, **l;
4138
4139 assert(m);
4140
4141 if (strv_isempty(minus) && strv_isempty(plus))
4142 return 0;
4143
4144 l = m->client_environment;
4145
4146 if (!strv_isempty(minus)) {
4147 a = strv_env_delete(l, 1, minus);
4148 if (!a)
4149 return -ENOMEM;
4150
4151 l = a;
4152 }
4153
4154 if (!strv_isempty(plus)) {
4155 b = strv_env_merge(l, plus);
4156 if (!b) {
4157 strv_free(a);
4158 return -ENOMEM;
4159 }
4160
4161 l = b;
4162 }
4163
4164 if (m->client_environment != l)
4165 strv_free(m->client_environment);
4166
4167 if (a != l)
4168 strv_free(a);
4169 if (b != l)
4170 strv_free(b);
4171
4172 m->client_environment = sanitize_environment(l);
4173 return 0;
4174 }
4175
4176 int manager_get_effective_environment(Manager *m, char ***ret) {
4177 char **l;
4178
4179 assert(m);
4180 assert(ret);
4181
4182 l = strv_env_merge(m->transient_environment, m->client_environment);
4183 if (!l)
4184 return -ENOMEM;
4185
4186 *ret = l;
4187 return 0;
4188 }
4189
4190 int manager_set_unit_defaults(Manager *m, const UnitDefaults *defaults) {
4191 _cleanup_free_ char *label = NULL;
4192 struct rlimit *rlimit[_RLIMIT_MAX];
4193 int r;
4194
4195 assert(m);
4196 assert(defaults);
4197
4198 if (streq_ptr(defaults->smack_process_label, "/"))
4199 label = NULL;
4200 else {
4201 const char *l = defaults->smack_process_label;
4202 #ifdef SMACK_DEFAULT_PROCESS_LABEL
4203 if (!l)
4204 l = SMACK_DEFAULT_PROCESS_LABEL;
4205 #endif
4206 if (l) {
4207 label = strdup(l);
4208 if (!label)
4209 return -ENOMEM;
4210 } else
4211 label = NULL;
4212 }
4213
4214 r = rlimit_copy_all(rlimit, defaults->rlimit);
4215 if (r < 0)
4216 return r;
4217
4218 m->defaults.std_output = defaults->std_output;
4219 m->defaults.std_error = defaults->std_error;
4220
4221 m->defaults.restart_usec = defaults->restart_usec;
4222 m->defaults.timeout_start_usec = defaults->timeout_start_usec;
4223 m->defaults.timeout_stop_usec = defaults->timeout_stop_usec;
4224 m->defaults.timeout_abort_usec = defaults->timeout_abort_usec;
4225 m->defaults.timeout_abort_set = defaults->timeout_abort_set;
4226 m->defaults.device_timeout_usec = defaults->device_timeout_usec;
4227
4228 m->defaults.start_limit_interval = defaults->start_limit_interval;
4229 m->defaults.start_limit_burst = defaults->start_limit_burst;
4230
4231 m->defaults.cpu_accounting = defaults->cpu_accounting;
4232 m->defaults.memory_accounting = defaults->memory_accounting;
4233 m->defaults.io_accounting = defaults->io_accounting;
4234 m->defaults.blockio_accounting = defaults->blockio_accounting;
4235 m->defaults.tasks_accounting = defaults->tasks_accounting;
4236 m->defaults.ip_accounting = defaults->ip_accounting;
4237
4238 m->defaults.tasks_max = defaults->tasks_max;
4239 m->defaults.timer_accuracy_usec = defaults->timer_accuracy_usec;
4240
4241 m->defaults.oom_policy = defaults->oom_policy;
4242 m->defaults.oom_score_adjust = defaults->oom_score_adjust;
4243 m->defaults.oom_score_adjust_set = defaults->oom_score_adjust_set;
4244
4245 m->defaults.memory_pressure_watch = defaults->memory_pressure_watch;
4246 m->defaults.memory_pressure_threshold_usec = defaults->memory_pressure_threshold_usec;
4247
4248 free_and_replace(m->defaults.smack_process_label, label);
4249 rlimit_free_all(m->defaults.rlimit);
4250 memcpy(m->defaults.rlimit, rlimit, sizeof(struct rlimit*) * _RLIMIT_MAX);
4251
4252 return 0;
4253 }
4254
4255 void manager_recheck_dbus(Manager *m) {
4256 assert(m);
4257
4258 /* Connects to the bus if the dbus service and socket are running. If we are running in user mode
4259 * this is all it does. In system mode we'll also connect to the system bus (which will most likely
4260 * just reuse the connection of the API bus). That's because the system bus after all runs as service
4261 * of the system instance, while in the user instance we can assume it's already there. */
4262
4263 if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))
4264 return; /* don't check while we are reloading… */
4265
4266 if (manager_dbus_is_running(m, false)) {
4267 (void) bus_init_api(m);
4268
4269 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
4270 (void) bus_init_system(m);
4271 } else {
4272 (void) bus_done_api(m);
4273
4274 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
4275 (void) bus_done_system(m);
4276 }
4277 }
4278
4279 static bool manager_journal_is_running(Manager *m) {
4280 Unit *u;
4281
4282 assert(m);
4283
4284 if (MANAGER_IS_TEST_RUN(m))
4285 return false;
4286
4287 /* If we are the user manager we can safely assume that the journal is up */
4288 if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
4289 return true;
4290
4291 /* Check that the socket is not only up, but in RUNNING state */
4292 u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_JOURNALD_SOCKET);
4293 if (!u)
4294 return false;
4295 if (SOCKET(u)->state != SOCKET_RUNNING)
4296 return false;
4297
4298 /* Similar, check if the daemon itself is fully up, too */
4299 u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_JOURNALD_SERVICE);
4300 if (!u)
4301 return false;
4302 if (!IN_SET(SERVICE(u)->state, SERVICE_RELOAD, SERVICE_RUNNING))
4303 return false;
4304
4305 return true;
4306 }
4307
4308 void disable_printk_ratelimit(void) {
4309 /* Disable kernel's printk ratelimit.
4310 *
4311 * Logging to /dev/kmsg is most useful during early boot and shutdown, where normal logging
4312 * mechanisms are not available. The semantics of this sysctl are such that any kernel command-line
4313 * setting takes precedence. */
4314 int r;
4315
4316 r = sysctl_write("kernel/printk_devkmsg", "on");
4317 if (r < 0)
4318 log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to set sysctl kernel.printk_devkmsg=on: %m");
4319 }
4320
4321 void manager_recheck_journal(Manager *m) {
4322
4323 assert(m);
4324
4325 /* Don't bother with this unless we are in the special situation of being PID 1 */
4326 if (getpid_cached() != 1)
4327 return;
4328
4329 /* Don't check this while we are reloading, things might still change */
4330 if (MANAGER_IS_RELOADING(m))
4331 return;
4332
4333 /* The journal is fully and entirely up? If so, let's permit logging to it, if that's configured. If
4334 * the journal is down, don't ever log to it, otherwise we might end up deadlocking ourselves as we
4335 * might trigger an activation ourselves we can't fulfill. */
4336 log_set_prohibit_ipc(!manager_journal_is_running(m));
4337 log_open();
4338 }
4339
4340 static ShowStatus manager_get_show_status(Manager *m) {
4341 assert(m);
4342
4343 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
4344 return _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID;
4345
4346 if (m->show_status_overridden != _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID)
4347 return m->show_status_overridden;
4348
4349 return m->show_status;
4350 }
4351
4352 bool manager_get_show_status_on(Manager *m) {
4353 assert(m);
4354
4355 return show_status_on(manager_get_show_status(m));
4356 }
4357
4358 static void set_show_status_marker(bool b) {
4359 if (b)
4360 (void) touch("/run/systemd/show-status");
4361 else
4362 (void) unlink("/run/systemd/show-status");
4363 }
4364
4365 void manager_set_show_status(Manager *m, ShowStatus mode, const char *reason) {
4366 assert(m);
4367 assert(reason);
4368 assert(mode >= 0 && mode < _SHOW_STATUS_MAX);
4369
4370 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
4371 return;
4372
4373 if (mode == m->show_status)
4374 return;
4375
4376 if (m->show_status_overridden == _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID) {
4377 bool enabled;
4378
4379 enabled = show_status_on(mode);
4380 log_debug("%s (%s) showing of status (%s).",
4381 enabled ? "Enabling" : "Disabling",
4382 strna(show_status_to_string(mode)),
4383 reason);
4384
4385 set_show_status_marker(enabled);
4386 }
4387
4388 m->show_status = mode;
4389 }
4390
4391 void manager_override_show_status(Manager *m, ShowStatus mode, const char *reason) {
4392 assert(m);
4393 assert(mode < _SHOW_STATUS_MAX);
4394
4395 if (MANAGER_IS_USER(m))
4396 return;
4397
4398 if (mode == m->show_status_overridden)
4399 return;
4400
4401 m->show_status_overridden = mode;
4402
4403 if (mode == _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID)
4404 mode = m->show_status;
4405
4406 log_debug("%s (%s) showing of status (%s).",
4407 m->show_status_overridden != _SHOW_STATUS_INVALID ? "Overriding" : "Restoring",
4408 strna(show_status_to_string(mode)),
4409 reason);
4410
4411 set_show_status_marker(show_status_on(mode));
4412 }
4413
4414 const char *manager_get_confirm_spawn(Manager *m) {
4415 static int last_errno = 0;
4416 struct stat st;
4417 int r;
4418
4419 assert(m);
4420
4421 /* Here's the deal: we want to test the validity of the console but don't want
4422 * PID1 to go through the whole console process which might block. But we also
4423 * want to warn the user only once if something is wrong with the console so we
4424 * cannot do the sanity checks after spawning our children. So here we simply do
4425 * really basic tests to hopefully trap common errors.
4426 *
4427 * If the console suddenly disappear at the time our children will really it
4428 * then they will simply fail to acquire it and a positive answer will be
4429 * assumed. New children will fall back to /dev/console though.
4430 *
4431 * Note: TTYs are devices that can come and go any time, and frequently aren't
4432 * available yet during early boot (consider a USB rs232 dongle...). If for any
4433 * reason the configured console is not ready, we fall back to the default
4434 * console. */
4435
4436 if (!m->confirm_spawn || path_equal(m->confirm_spawn, "/dev/console"))
4437 return m->confirm_spawn;
4438
4439 if (stat(m->confirm_spawn, &st) < 0) {
4440 r = -errno;
4441 goto fail;
4442 }
4443
4444 if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) {
4445 r = -ENOTTY;
4446 goto fail;
4447 }
4448
4449 last_errno = 0;
4450 return m->confirm_spawn;
4451
4452 fail:
4453 if (last_errno != r)
4454 last_errno = log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to open %s, using default console: %m", m->confirm_spawn);
4455
4456 return "/dev/console";
4457 }
4458
4459 void manager_set_first_boot(Manager *m, bool b) {
4460 assert(m);
4461
4462 if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
4463 return;
4464
4465 if (m->first_boot != (int) b) {
4466 if (b)
4467 (void) touch("/run/systemd/first-boot");
4468 else
4469 (void) unlink("/run/systemd/first-boot");
4470 }
4471
4472 m->first_boot = b;
4473 }
4474
4475 void manager_disable_confirm_spawn(void) {
4476 (void) touch("/run/systemd/confirm_spawn_disabled");
4477 }
4478
4479 static bool manager_should_show_status(Manager *m, StatusType type) {
4480 assert(m);
4481
4482 if (!MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m))
4483 return false;
4484
4485 if (m->no_console_output)
4486 return false;
4487
4488 if (!IN_SET(manager_state(m), MANAGER_INITIALIZING, MANAGER_STARTING, MANAGER_STOPPING))
4489 return false;
4490
4491 /* If we cannot find out the status properly, just proceed. */
4492 if (type != STATUS_TYPE_EMERGENCY && manager_check_ask_password(m) > 0)
4493 return false;
4494
4495 if (type == STATUS_TYPE_NOTICE && m->show_status != SHOW_STATUS_NO)
4496 return true;
4497
4498 return manager_get_show_status_on(m);
4499 }
4500
4501 void manager_status_printf(Manager *m, StatusType type, const char *status, const char *format, ...) {
4502 va_list ap;
4503
4504 /* If m is NULL, assume we're after shutdown and let the messages through. */
4505
4506 if (m && !manager_should_show_status(m, type))
4507 return;
4508
4509 /* XXX We should totally drop the check for ephemeral here
4510 * and thus effectively make 'Type=idle' pointless. */
4511 if (type == STATUS_TYPE_EPHEMERAL && m && m->n_on_console > 0)
4512 return;
4513
4514 va_start(ap, format);
4515 status_vprintf(status, SHOW_STATUS_ELLIPSIZE|(type == STATUS_TYPE_EPHEMERAL ? SHOW_STATUS_EPHEMERAL : 0), format, ap);
4516 va_end(ap);
4517 }
4518
4519 Set* manager_get_units_needing_mounts_for(Manager *m, const char *path, UnitMountDependencyType t) {
4520 assert(m);
4521 assert(path);
4522 assert(t >= 0 && t < _UNIT_MOUNT_DEPENDENCY_TYPE_MAX);
4523
4524 if (path_equal(path, "/"))
4525 path = "";
4526
4527 return hashmap_get(m->units_needing_mounts_for[t], path);
4528 }
4529
4530 int manager_update_failed_units(Manager *m, Unit *u, bool failed) {
4531 unsigned size;
4532 int r;
4533
4534 assert(m);
4535 assert(u->manager == m);
4536
4537 size = set_size(m->failed_units);
4538
4539 if (failed) {
4540 r = set_ensure_put(&m->failed_units, NULL, u);
4541 if (r < 0)
4542 return log_oom();
4543 } else
4544 (void) set_remove(m->failed_units, u);
4545
4546 if (set_size(m->failed_units) != size)
4547 bus_manager_send_change_signal(m);
4548
4549 return 0;
4550 }
4551
4552 ManagerState manager_state(Manager *m) {
4553 Unit *u;
4554
4555 assert(m);
4556
4557 /* Is the special shutdown target active or queued? If so, we are in shutdown state */
4558 u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SHUTDOWN_TARGET);
4559 if (u && unit_active_or_pending(u))
4560 return MANAGER_STOPPING;
4561
4562 /* Did we ever finish booting? If not then we are still starting up */
4563 if (!MANAGER_IS_FINISHED(m)) {
4564
4565 u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_BASIC_TARGET);
4566 if (!u || !UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_RELOADING(unit_active_state(u)))
4567 return MANAGER_INITIALIZING;
4568
4569 return MANAGER_STARTING;
4570 }
4571
4572 if (MANAGER_IS_SYSTEM(m)) {
4573 /* Are the rescue or emergency targets active or queued? If so we are in maintenance state */
4574 u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET);
4575 if (u && unit_active_or_pending(u))
4576 return MANAGER_MAINTENANCE;
4577
4578 u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET);
4579 if (u && unit_active_or_pending(u))
4580 return MANAGER_MAINTENANCE;
4581 }
4582
4583 /* Are there any failed units? If so, we are in degraded mode */
4584 if (!set_isempty(m->failed_units))
4585 return MANAGER_DEGRADED;
4586
4587 return MANAGER_RUNNING;
4588 }
4589
4590 static void manager_unref_uid_internal(
4591 Hashmap *uid_refs,
4592 uid_t uid,
4593 bool destroy_now,
4594 int (*_clean_ipc)(uid_t uid)) {
4595
4596 uint32_t c, n;
4597
4598 assert(uid_is_valid(uid));
4599 assert(_clean_ipc);
4600
4601 /* A generic implementation, covering both manager_unref_uid() and manager_unref_gid(), under the
4602 * assumption that uid_t and gid_t are actually defined the same way, with the same validity rules.
4603 *
4604 * We store a hashmap where the key is the UID/GID and the value is a 32-bit reference counter, whose
4605 * highest bit is used as flag for marking UIDs/GIDs whose IPC objects to remove when the last
4606 * reference to the UID/GID is dropped. The flag is set to on, once at least one reference from a
4607 * unit where RemoveIPC= is set is added on a UID/GID. It is reset when the UID's/GID's reference
4608 * counter drops to 0 again. */
4609
4610 assert_cc(sizeof(uid_t) == sizeof(gid_t));
4611 assert_cc(UID_INVALID == (uid_t) GID_INVALID);
4612
4613 if (uid == 0) /* We don't keep track of root, and will never destroy it */
4614 return;
4615
4616 c = PTR_TO_UINT32(hashmap_get(uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid)));
4617
4618 n = c & ~DESTROY_IPC_FLAG;
4619 assert(n > 0);
4620 n--;
4621
4622 if (destroy_now && n == 0) {
4623 hashmap_remove(uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid));
4624
4625 if (c & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG) {
4626 log_debug("%s " UID_FMT " is no longer referenced, cleaning up its IPC.",
4627 _clean_ipc == clean_ipc_by_uid ? "UID" : "GID",
4628 uid);
4629 (void) _clean_ipc(uid);
4630 }
4631 } else {
4632 c = n | (c & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG);
4633 assert_se(hashmap_update(uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid), UINT32_TO_PTR(c)) >= 0);
4634 }
4635 }
4636
4637 void manager_unref_uid(Manager *m, uid_t uid, bool destroy_now) {
4638 manager_unref_uid_internal(m->uid_refs, uid, destroy_now, clean_ipc_by_uid);
4639 }
4640
4641 void manager_unref_gid(Manager *m, gid_t gid, bool destroy_now) {
4642 manager_unref_uid_internal(m->gid_refs, (uid_t) gid, destroy_now, clean_ipc_by_gid);
4643 }
4644
4645 static int manager_ref_uid_internal(
4646 Hashmap **uid_refs,
4647 uid_t uid,
4648 bool clean_ipc) {
4649
4650 uint32_t c, n;
4651 int r;
4652
4653 assert(uid_refs);
4654 assert(uid_is_valid(uid));
4655
4656 /* A generic implementation, covering both manager_ref_uid() and manager_ref_gid(), under the
4657 * assumption that uid_t and gid_t are actually defined the same way, with the same validity
4658 * rules. */
4659
4660 assert_cc(sizeof(uid_t) == sizeof(gid_t));
4661 assert_cc(UID_INVALID == (uid_t) GID_INVALID);
4662
4663 if (uid == 0) /* We don't keep track of root, and will never destroy it */
4664 return 0;
4665
4666 r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(uid_refs, &trivial_hash_ops);
4667 if (r < 0)
4668 return r;
4669
4670 c = PTR_TO_UINT32(hashmap_get(*uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid)));
4671
4672 n = c & ~DESTROY_IPC_FLAG;
4673 n++;
4674
4675 if (n & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG) /* check for overflow */
4676 return -EOVERFLOW;
4677
4678 c = n | (c & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG) | (clean_ipc ? DESTROY_IPC_FLAG : 0);
4679
4680 return hashmap_replace(*uid_refs, UID_TO_PTR(uid), UINT32_TO_PTR(c));
4681 }
4682
4683 int manager_ref_uid(Manager *m, uid_t uid, bool clean_ipc) {
4684 return manager_ref_uid_internal(&m->uid_refs, uid, clean_ipc);
4685 }
4686
4687 int manager_ref_gid(Manager *m, gid_t gid, bool clean_ipc) {
4688 return manager_ref_uid_internal(&m->gid_refs, (uid_t) gid, clean_ipc);
4689 }
4690
4691 static void manager_vacuum_uid_refs_internal(
4692 Hashmap *uid_refs,
4693 int (*_clean_ipc)(uid_t uid)) {
4694
4695 void *p, *k;
4696
4697 assert(_clean_ipc);
4698
4699 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(p, k, uid_refs) {
4700 uint32_t c, n;
4701 uid_t uid;
4702
4703 uid = PTR_TO_UID(k);
4704 c = PTR_TO_UINT32(p);
4705
4706 n = c & ~DESTROY_IPC_FLAG;
4707 if (n > 0)
4708 continue;
4709
4710 if (c & DESTROY_IPC_FLAG) {
4711 log_debug("Found unreferenced %s " UID_FMT " after reload/reexec. Cleaning up.",
4712 _clean_ipc == clean_ipc_by_uid ? "UID" : "GID",
4713 uid);
4714 (void) _clean_ipc(uid);
4715 }
4716
4717 assert_se(hashmap_remove(uid_refs, k) == p);
4718 }
4719 }
4720
4721 static void manager_vacuum_uid_refs(Manager *m) {
4722 manager_vacuum_uid_refs_internal(m->uid_refs, clean_ipc_by_uid);
4723 }
4724
4725 static void manager_vacuum_gid_refs(Manager *m) {
4726 manager_vacuum_uid_refs_internal(m->gid_refs, clean_ipc_by_gid);
4727 }
4728
4729 static void manager_vacuum(Manager *m) {
4730 assert(m);
4731
4732 /* Release any dynamic users no longer referenced */
4733 dynamic_user_vacuum(m, true);
4734
4735 /* Release any references to UIDs/GIDs no longer referenced, and destroy any IPC owned by them */
4736 manager_vacuum_uid_refs(m);
4737 manager_vacuum_gid_refs(m);
4738
4739 /* Release any runtimes no longer referenced */
4740 exec_shared_runtime_vacuum(m);
4741 }
4742
4743 int manager_dispatch_user_lookup_fd(sd_event_source *source, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
4744 struct buffer {
4745 uid_t uid;
4746 gid_t gid;
4747 char unit_name[UNIT_NAME_MAX+1];
4748 } _packed_ buffer;
4749
4750 Manager *m = userdata;
4751 ssize_t l;
4752 size_t n;
4753 Unit *u;
4754
4755 assert_se(source);
4756 assert_se(m);
4757
4758 /* Invoked whenever a child process succeeded resolving its user/group to use and sent us the
4759 * resulting UID/GID in a datagram. We parse the datagram here and pass it off to the unit, so that
4760 * it can add a reference to the UID/GID so that it can destroy the UID/GID's IPC objects when the
4761 * reference counter drops to 0. */
4762
4763 l = recv(fd, &buffer, sizeof(buffer), MSG_DONTWAIT);
4764 if (l < 0) {
4765 if (ERRNO_IS_TRANSIENT(errno))
4766 return 0;
4767
4768 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read from user lookup fd: %m");
4769 }
4770
4771 if ((size_t) l <= offsetof(struct buffer, unit_name)) {
4772 log_warning("Received too short user lookup message, ignoring.");
4773 return 0;
4774 }
4775
4776 if ((size_t) l > offsetof(struct buffer, unit_name) + UNIT_NAME_MAX) {
4777 log_warning("Received too long user lookup message, ignoring.");
4778 return 0;
4779 }
4780
4781 if (!uid_is_valid(buffer.uid) && !gid_is_valid(buffer.gid)) {
4782 log_warning("Got user lookup message with invalid UID/GID pair, ignoring.");
4783 return 0;
4784 }
4785
4786 n = (size_t) l - offsetof(struct buffer, unit_name);
4787 if (memchr(buffer.unit_name, 0, n)) {
4788 log_warning("Received lookup message with embedded NUL character, ignoring.");
4789 return 0;
4790 }
4791
4792 buffer.unit_name[n] = 0;
4793 u = manager_get_unit(m, buffer.unit_name);
4794 if (!u) {
4795 log_debug("Got user lookup message but unit doesn't exist, ignoring.");
4796 return 0;
4797 }
4798
4799 log_unit_debug(u, "User lookup succeeded: uid=" UID_FMT " gid=" GID_FMT, buffer.uid, buffer.gid);
4800
4801 unit_notify_user_lookup(u, buffer.uid, buffer.gid);
4802 return 0;
4803 }
4804
4805 static int short_uid_range(const char *path) {
4806 _cleanup_(uid_range_freep) UIDRange *p = NULL;
4807 int r;
4808
4809 assert(path);
4810
4811 /* Taint systemd if we the UID range assigned to this environment doesn't at least cover 0…65534,
4812 * i.e. from root to nobody. */
4813
4814 r = uid_range_load_userns(path, UID_RANGE_USERNS_INSIDE, &p);
4815 if (ERRNO_IS_NEG_NOT_SUPPORTED(r))
4816 return false;
4817 if (r < 0)
4818 return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to load %s: %m", path);
4819
4820 return !uid_range_covers(p, 0, 65535);
4821 }
4822
4823 char* manager_taint_string(const Manager *m) {
4824 /* Returns a "taint string", e.g. "local-hwclock:var-run-bad". Only things that are detected at
4825 * runtime should be tagged here. For stuff that is known during compilation, emit a warning in the
4826 * configuration phase. */
4827
4828 assert(m);
4829
4830 const char* stage[12] = {};
4831 size_t n = 0;
4832
4833 _cleanup_free_ char *usrbin = NULL;
4834 if (readlink_malloc("/bin", &usrbin) < 0 || !PATH_IN_SET(usrbin, "usr/bin", "/usr/bin"))
4835 stage[n++] = "unmerged-usr";
4836
4837 if (access("/proc/cgroups", F_OK) < 0)
4838 stage[n++] = "cgroups-missing";
4839
4840 if (cg_all_unified() == 0)
4841 stage[n++] = "cgroupsv1";
4842
4843 if (clock_is_localtime(NULL) > 0)
4844 stage[n++] = "local-hwclock";
4845
4846 if (os_release_support_ended(NULL, /* quiet= */ true, NULL) > 0)
4847 stage[n++] = "support-ended";
4848
4849 _cleanup_free_ char *destination = NULL;
4850 if (readlink_malloc("/var/run", &destination) < 0 ||
4851 !PATH_IN_SET(destination, "../run", "/run"))
4852 stage[n++] = "var-run-bad";
4853
4854 _cleanup_free_ char *overflowuid = NULL, *overflowgid = NULL;
4855 if (read_one_line_file("/proc/sys/kernel/overflowuid", &overflowuid) >= 0 &&
4856 !streq(overflowuid, "65534"))
4857 stage[n++] = "overflowuid-not-65534";
4858 if (read_one_line_file("/proc/sys/kernel/overflowgid", &overflowgid) >= 0 &&
4859 !streq(overflowgid, "65534"))
4860 stage[n++] = "overflowgid-not-65534";
4861
4862 struct utsname uts;
4863 assert_se(uname(&uts) >= 0);
4864 if (strverscmp_improved(uts.release, KERNEL_BASELINE_VERSION) < 0)
4865 stage[n++] = "old-kernel";
4866
4867 if (short_uid_range("/proc/self/uid_map") > 0)
4868 stage[n++] = "short-uid-range";
4869 if (short_uid_range("/proc/self/gid_map") > 0)
4870 stage[n++] = "short-gid-range";
4871
4872 assert(n < ELEMENTSOF(stage) - 1); /* One extra for NULL terminator */
4873
4874 return strv_join((char**) stage, ":");
4875 }
4876
4877 void manager_ref_console(Manager *m) {
4878 assert(m);
4879
4880 m->n_on_console++;
4881 }
4882
4883 void manager_unref_console(Manager *m) {
4884
4885 assert(m->n_on_console > 0);
4886 m->n_on_console--;
4887
4888 if (m->n_on_console == 0)
4889 m->no_console_output = false; /* unset no_console_output flag, since the console is definitely free now */
4890 }
4891
4892 void manager_override_log_level(Manager *m, int level) {
4893 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
4894 assert(m);
4895
4896 if (!m->log_level_overridden) {
4897 m->original_log_level = log_get_max_level();
4898 m->log_level_overridden = true;
4899 }
4900
4901 (void) log_level_to_string_alloc(level, &s);
4902 log_info("Setting log level to %s.", strna(s));
4903
4904 log_set_max_level(level);
4905 }
4906
4907 void manager_restore_original_log_level(Manager *m) {
4908 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
4909 assert(m);
4910
4911 if (!m->log_level_overridden)
4912 return;
4913
4914 (void) log_level_to_string_alloc(m->original_log_level, &s);
4915 log_info("Restoring log level to original (%s).", strna(s));
4916
4917 log_set_max_level(m->original_log_level);
4918 m->log_level_overridden = false;
4919 }
4920
4921 void manager_override_log_target(Manager *m, LogTarget target) {
4922 assert(m);
4923
4924 if (!m->log_target_overridden) {
4925 m->original_log_target = log_get_target();
4926 m->log_target_overridden = true;
4927 }
4928
4929 log_info("Setting log target to %s.", log_target_to_string(target));
4930 log_set_target(target);
4931 }
4932
4933 void manager_restore_original_log_target(Manager *m) {
4934 assert(m);
4935
4936 if (!m->log_target_overridden)
4937 return;
4938
4939 log_info("Restoring log target to original %s.", log_target_to_string(m->original_log_target));
4940
4941 log_set_target(m->original_log_target);
4942 m->log_target_overridden = false;
4943 }
4944
4945 ManagerTimestamp manager_timestamp_initrd_mangle(ManagerTimestamp s) {
4946 if (in_initrd() &&
4947 s >= MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_SECURITY_START &&
4948 s <= MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD_FINISH)
4949 return s - MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_SECURITY_START + MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD_SECURITY_START;
4950 return s;
4951 }
4952
4953 int manager_allocate_idle_pipe(Manager *m) {
4954 int r;
4955
4956 assert(m);
4957
4958 if (m->idle_pipe[0] >= 0) {
4959 assert(m->idle_pipe[1] >= 0);
4960 assert(m->idle_pipe[2] >= 0);
4961 assert(m->idle_pipe[3] >= 0);
4962 return 0;
4963 }
4964
4965 assert(m->idle_pipe[1] < 0);
4966 assert(m->idle_pipe[2] < 0);
4967 assert(m->idle_pipe[3] < 0);
4968
4969 r = RET_NERRNO(pipe2(m->idle_pipe + 0, O_NONBLOCK|O_CLOEXEC));
4970 if (r < 0)
4971 return r;
4972
4973 r = RET_NERRNO(pipe2(m->idle_pipe + 2, O_NONBLOCK|O_CLOEXEC));
4974 if (r < 0) {
4975 safe_close_pair(m->idle_pipe + 0);
4976 return r;
4977 }
4978
4979 return 1;
4980 }
4981
4982 void unit_defaults_init(UnitDefaults *defaults, RuntimeScope scope) {
4983 assert(defaults);
4984 assert(scope >= 0);
4985 assert(scope < _RUNTIME_SCOPE_MAX);
4986
4987 *defaults = (UnitDefaults) {
4988 .std_output = EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL,
4989 .std_error = EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT,
4990 .restart_usec = DEFAULT_RESTART_USEC,
4991 .timeout_start_usec = manager_default_timeout(scope),
4992 .timeout_stop_usec = manager_default_timeout(scope),
4993 .timeout_abort_usec = manager_default_timeout(scope),
4994 .timeout_abort_set = false,
4995 .device_timeout_usec = manager_default_timeout(scope),
4996 .start_limit_interval = DEFAULT_START_LIMIT_INTERVAL,
4997 .start_limit_burst = DEFAULT_START_LIMIT_BURST,
4998
4999 /* On 4.15+ with unified hierarchy, CPU accounting is essentially free as it doesn't require the CPU
5000 * controller to be enabled, so the default is to enable it unless we got told otherwise. */
5001 .cpu_accounting = cpu_accounting_is_cheap(),
5002 .memory_accounting = MEMORY_ACCOUNTING_DEFAULT,
5003 .io_accounting = false,
5004 .blockio_accounting = false,
5005 .tasks_accounting = true,
5006 .ip_accounting = false,
5007
5008 .tasks_max = DEFAULT_TASKS_MAX,
5009 .timer_accuracy_usec = 1 * USEC_PER_MINUTE,
5010
5011 .memory_pressure_watch = CGROUP_PRESSURE_WATCH_AUTO,
5012 .memory_pressure_threshold_usec = MEMORY_PRESSURE_DEFAULT_THRESHOLD_USEC,
5013
5014 .oom_policy = OOM_STOP,
5015 .oom_score_adjust_set = false,
5016 };
5017 }
5018
5019 void unit_defaults_done(UnitDefaults *defaults) {
5020 assert(defaults);
5021
5022 defaults->smack_process_label = mfree(defaults->smack_process_label);
5023 rlimit_free_all(defaults->rlimit);
5024 }
5025
5026 LogTarget manager_get_executor_log_target(Manager *m) {
5027 assert(m);
5028
5029 /* If journald is not available tell sd-executor to go to kmsg, as it might be starting journald */
5030
5031 if (manager_journal_is_running(m))
5032 return log_get_target();
5033
5034 return LOG_TARGET_KMSG;
5035 }
5036
5037 static const char *const manager_state_table[_MANAGER_STATE_MAX] = {
5038 [MANAGER_INITIALIZING] = "initializing",
5039 [MANAGER_STARTING] = "starting",
5040 [MANAGER_RUNNING] = "running",
5041 [MANAGER_DEGRADED] = "degraded",
5042 [MANAGER_MAINTENANCE] = "maintenance",
5043 [MANAGER_STOPPING] = "stopping",
5044 };
5045
5046 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(manager_state, ManagerState);
5047
5048 static const char *const manager_timestamp_table[_MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_MAX] = {
5049 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FIRMWARE] = "firmware",
5050 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_LOADER] = "loader",
5051 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_KERNEL] = "kernel",
5052 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD] = "initrd",
5053 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_USERSPACE] = "userspace",
5054 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_FINISH] = "finish",
5055 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_SECURITY_START] = "security-start",
5056 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_SECURITY_FINISH] = "security-finish",
5057 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_GENERATORS_START] = "generators-start",
5058 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_GENERATORS_FINISH] = "generators-finish",
5059 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD_START] = "units-load-start",
5060 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD_FINISH] = "units-load-finish",
5061 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_UNITS_LOAD] = "units-load",
5062 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD_SECURITY_START] = "initrd-security-start",
5063 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD_SECURITY_FINISH] = "initrd-security-finish",
5064 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD_GENERATORS_START] = "initrd-generators-start",
5065 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD_GENERATORS_FINISH] = "initrd-generators-finish",
5066 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD_UNITS_LOAD_START] = "initrd-units-load-start",
5067 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_INITRD_UNITS_LOAD_FINISH] = "initrd-units-load-finish",
5068 [MANAGER_TIMESTAMP_SHUTDOWN_START] = "shutdown-start",
5069 };
5070
5071 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(manager_timestamp, ManagerTimestamp);
5072
5073 static const char* const oom_policy_table[_OOM_POLICY_MAX] = {
5074 [OOM_CONTINUE] = "continue",
5075 [OOM_STOP] = "stop",
5076 [OOM_KILL] = "kill",
5077 };
5078
5079 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(oom_policy, OOMPolicy);
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