1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */
3 This file is part of systemd.
5 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
7 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
8 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
12 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
13 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
15 Lesser General Public License for more details.
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
18 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
27 #include <linux/loop.h>
31 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
38 #include <sys/mount.h>
39 #include <sys/personality.h>
40 #include <sys/prctl.h>
41 #include <sys/types.h>
46 #include "sd-daemon.h"
49 #include "alloc-util.h"
51 #include "base-filesystem.h"
52 #include "blkid-util.h"
53 #include "btrfs-util.h"
56 #include "capability-util.h"
57 #include "cgroup-util.h"
59 #include "dev-setup.h"
60 #include "dissect-image.h"
65 #include "format-util.h"
68 #include "hexdecoct.h"
69 #include "hostname-util.h"
70 #include "id128-util.h"
72 #include "loop-util.h"
73 #include "loopback-setup.h"
74 #include "machine-image.h"
78 #include "mount-util.h"
79 #include "netlink-util.h"
80 #include "nspawn-cgroup.h"
81 #include "nspawn-def.h"
82 #include "nspawn-expose-ports.h"
83 #include "nspawn-mount.h"
84 #include "nspawn-network.h"
85 #include "nspawn-patch-uid.h"
86 #include "nspawn-register.h"
87 #include "nspawn-seccomp.h"
88 #include "nspawn-settings.h"
89 #include "nspawn-setuid.h"
90 #include "nspawn-stub-pid1.h"
91 #include "parse-util.h"
92 #include "path-util.h"
93 #include "process-util.h"
95 #include "random-util.h"
96 #include "raw-clone.h"
98 #include "selinux-util.h"
99 #include "signal-util.h"
100 #include "socket-util.h"
101 #include "stat-util.h"
102 #include "stdio-util.h"
103 #include "string-util.h"
105 #include "terminal-util.h"
106 #include "udev-util.h"
107 #include "umask-util.h"
108 #include "user-util.h"
112 #define STATIC_RESOLV_CONF "/lib/systemd/resolv.conf"
114 #define STATIC_RESOLV_CONF "/usr/lib/systemd/resolv.conf"
117 /* nspawn is listening on the socket at the path in the constant nspawn_notify_socket_path
118 * nspawn_notify_socket_path is relative to the container
119 * the init process in the container pid can send messages to nspawn following the sd_notify(3) protocol */
120 #define NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH "/run/systemd/nspawn/notify"
122 #define EXIT_FORCE_RESTART 133
124 typedef enum ContainerStatus
{
125 CONTAINER_TERMINATED
,
129 typedef enum LinkJournal
{
136 static char *arg_directory
= NULL
;
137 static char *arg_template
= NULL
;
138 static char *arg_chdir
= NULL
;
139 static char *arg_pivot_root_new
= NULL
;
140 static char *arg_pivot_root_old
= NULL
;
141 static char *arg_user
= NULL
;
142 static sd_id128_t arg_uuid
= {};
143 static char *arg_machine
= NULL
;
144 static const char *arg_selinux_context
= NULL
;
145 static const char *arg_selinux_apifs_context
= NULL
;
146 static const char *arg_slice
= NULL
;
147 static bool arg_private_network
= false;
148 static bool arg_read_only
= false;
149 static StartMode arg_start_mode
= START_PID1
;
150 static bool arg_ephemeral
= false;
151 static LinkJournal arg_link_journal
= LINK_AUTO
;
152 static bool arg_link_journal_try
= false;
153 static uint64_t arg_caps_retain
=
154 (1ULL << CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL
) |
155 (1ULL << CAP_AUDIT_WRITE
) |
156 (1ULL << CAP_CHOWN
) |
157 (1ULL << CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE
) |
158 (1ULL << CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH
) |
159 (1ULL << CAP_FOWNER
) |
160 (1ULL << CAP_FSETID
) |
161 (1ULL << CAP_IPC_OWNER
) |
163 (1ULL << CAP_LEASE
) |
164 (1ULL << CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE
) |
165 (1ULL << CAP_MKNOD
) |
166 (1ULL << CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE
) |
167 (1ULL << CAP_NET_BROADCAST
) |
168 (1ULL << CAP_NET_RAW
) |
169 (1ULL << CAP_SETFCAP
) |
170 (1ULL << CAP_SETGID
) |
171 (1ULL << CAP_SETPCAP
) |
172 (1ULL << CAP_SETUID
) |
173 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_ADMIN
) |
174 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_BOOT
) |
175 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_CHROOT
) |
176 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_NICE
) |
177 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_PTRACE
) |
178 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
) |
179 (1ULL << CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG
);
180 static CustomMount
*arg_custom_mounts
= NULL
;
181 static unsigned arg_n_custom_mounts
= 0;
182 static char **arg_setenv
= NULL
;
183 static bool arg_quiet
= false;
184 static bool arg_register
= true;
185 static bool arg_keep_unit
= false;
186 static char **arg_network_interfaces
= NULL
;
187 static char **arg_network_macvlan
= NULL
;
188 static char **arg_network_ipvlan
= NULL
;
189 static bool arg_network_veth
= false;
190 static char **arg_network_veth_extra
= NULL
;
191 static char *arg_network_bridge
= NULL
;
192 static char *arg_network_zone
= NULL
;
193 static unsigned long arg_personality
= PERSONALITY_INVALID
;
194 static char *arg_image
= NULL
;
195 static VolatileMode arg_volatile_mode
= VOLATILE_NO
;
196 static ExposePort
*arg_expose_ports
= NULL
;
197 static char **arg_property
= NULL
;
198 static UserNamespaceMode arg_userns_mode
= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
;
199 static uid_t arg_uid_shift
= UID_INVALID
, arg_uid_range
= 0x10000U
;
200 static bool arg_userns_chown
= false;
201 static int arg_kill_signal
= 0;
202 static CGroupUnified arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
= CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN
;
203 static SettingsMask arg_settings_mask
= 0;
204 static int arg_settings_trusted
= -1;
205 static char **arg_parameters
= NULL
;
206 static const char *arg_container_service_name
= "systemd-nspawn";
207 static bool arg_notify_ready
= false;
208 static bool arg_use_cgns
= true;
209 static unsigned long arg_clone_ns_flags
= CLONE_NEWIPC
|CLONE_NEWPID
|CLONE_NEWUTS
;
210 static MountSettingsMask arg_mount_settings
= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO
;
211 static void *arg_root_hash
= NULL
;
212 static size_t arg_root_hash_size
= 0;
213 static char **arg_syscall_whitelist
= NULL
;
214 static char **arg_syscall_blacklist
= NULL
;
216 static void help(void) {
217 printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [PATH] [ARGUMENTS...]\n\n"
218 "Spawn a minimal namespace container for debugging, testing and building.\n\n"
219 " -h --help Show this help\n"
220 " --version Print version string\n"
221 " -q --quiet Do not show status information\n"
222 " -D --directory=PATH Root directory for the container\n"
223 " --template=PATH Initialize root directory from template directory,\n"
225 " -x --ephemeral Run container with snapshot of root directory, and\n"
226 " remove it after exit\n"
227 " -i --image=PATH File system device or disk image for the container\n"
228 " --root-hash=HASH Specify verity root hash\n"
229 " -a --as-pid2 Maintain a stub init as PID1, invoke binary as PID2\n"
230 " -b --boot Boot up full system (i.e. invoke init)\n"
231 " --chdir=PATH Set working directory in the container\n"
232 " --pivot-root=PATH[:PATH]\n"
233 " Pivot root to given directory in the container\n"
234 " -u --user=USER Run the command under specified user or uid\n"
235 " -M --machine=NAME Set the machine name for the container\n"
236 " --uuid=UUID Set a specific machine UUID for the container\n"
237 " -S --slice=SLICE Place the container in the specified slice\n"
238 " --property=NAME=VALUE Set scope unit property\n"
239 " -U --private-users=pick Run within user namespace, autoselect UID/GID range\n"
240 " --private-users[=UIDBASE[:NUIDS]]\n"
241 " Similar, but with user configured UID/GID range\n"
242 " --private-users-chown Adjust OS tree ownership to private UID/GID range\n"
243 " --private-network Disable network in container\n"
244 " --network-interface=INTERFACE\n"
245 " Assign an existing network interface to the\n"
247 " --network-macvlan=INTERFACE\n"
248 " Create a macvlan network interface based on an\n"
249 " existing network interface to the container\n"
250 " --network-ipvlan=INTERFACE\n"
251 " Create a ipvlan network interface based on an\n"
252 " existing network interface to the container\n"
253 " -n --network-veth Add a virtual Ethernet connection between host\n"
255 " --network-veth-extra=HOSTIF[:CONTAINERIF]\n"
256 " Add an additional virtual Ethernet link between\n"
257 " host and container\n"
258 " --network-bridge=INTERFACE\n"
259 " Add a virtual Ethernet connection to the container\n"
260 " and attach it to an existing bridge on the host\n"
261 " --network-zone=NAME Similar, but attach the new interface to an\n"
262 " an automatically managed bridge interface\n"
263 " -p --port=[PROTOCOL:]HOSTPORT[:CONTAINERPORT]\n"
264 " Expose a container IP port on the host\n"
265 " -Z --selinux-context=SECLABEL\n"
266 " Set the SELinux security context to be used by\n"
267 " processes in the container\n"
268 " -L --selinux-apifs-context=SECLABEL\n"
269 " Set the SELinux security context to be used by\n"
270 " API/tmpfs file systems in the container\n"
271 " --capability=CAP In addition to the default, retain specified\n"
273 " --drop-capability=CAP Drop the specified capability from the default set\n"
274 " --system-call-filter=LIST|~LIST\n"
275 " Permit/prohibit specific system calls\n"
276 " --kill-signal=SIGNAL Select signal to use for shutting down PID 1\n"
277 " --link-journal=MODE Link up guest journal, one of no, auto, guest, \n"
278 " host, try-guest, try-host\n"
279 " -j Equivalent to --link-journal=try-guest\n"
280 " --read-only Mount the root directory read-only\n"
281 " --bind=PATH[:PATH[:OPTIONS]]\n"
282 " Bind mount a file or directory from the host into\n"
284 " --bind-ro=PATH[:PATH[:OPTIONS]\n"
285 " Similar, but creates a read-only bind mount\n"
286 " --tmpfs=PATH:[OPTIONS] Mount an empty tmpfs to the specified directory\n"
287 " --overlay=PATH[:PATH...]:PATH\n"
288 " Create an overlay mount from the host to \n"
290 " --overlay-ro=PATH[:PATH...]:PATH\n"
291 " Similar, but creates a read-only overlay mount\n"
292 " -E --setenv=NAME=VALUE Pass an environment variable to PID 1\n"
293 " --register=BOOLEAN Register container as machine\n"
294 " --keep-unit Do not register a scope for the machine, reuse\n"
295 " the service unit nspawn is running in\n"
296 " --volatile[=MODE] Run the system in volatile mode\n"
297 " --settings=BOOLEAN Load additional settings from .nspawn file\n"
298 " --notify-ready=BOOLEAN Receive notifications from the child init process\n"
299 , program_invocation_short_name
);
302 static int custom_mount_check_all(void) {
305 for (i
= 0; i
< arg_n_custom_mounts
; i
++) {
306 CustomMount
*m
= &arg_custom_mounts
[i
];
308 if (path_equal(m
->destination
, "/") && arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
) {
310 if (arg_userns_chown
) {
311 log_error("--private-users-chown may not be combined with custom root mounts.");
313 } else if (arg_uid_shift
== UID_INVALID
) {
314 log_error("--private-users with automatic UID shift may not be combined with custom root mounts.");
323 static int detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment(void) {
327 /* Allow the user to control whether the unified hierarchy is used */
328 e
= getenv("UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY");
330 r
= parse_boolean(e
);
332 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse $UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY.");
334 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
= CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL
;
336 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
= CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE
;
342 static int detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_image(const char *directory
) {
345 /* Let's inherit the mode to use from the host system, but let's take into consideration what systemd in the
346 * image actually supports. */
347 r
= cg_all_unified();
349 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to determine whether we are in all unified mode.");
351 /* Unified cgroup hierarchy support was added in 230. Unfortunately the detection
352 * routine only detects 231, so we'll have a false negative here for 230. */
353 r
= systemd_installation_has_version(directory
, 230);
355 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to determine systemd version in container: %m");
357 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
= CGROUP_UNIFIED_ALL
;
359 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
= CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE
;
360 } else if (cg_unified_controller(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER
) > 0) {
361 /* Mixed cgroup hierarchy support was added in 233 */
362 r
= systemd_installation_has_version(directory
, 233);
364 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to determine systemd version in container: %m");
366 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
= CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD
;
368 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
= CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE
;
370 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
= CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE
;
372 log_debug("Using %s hierarchy for container.",
373 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
== CGROUP_UNIFIED_NONE
? "legacy" :
374 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
== CGROUP_UNIFIED_SYSTEMD
? "hybrid" : "unified");
379 static void parse_share_ns_env(const char *name
, unsigned long ns_flag
) {
382 r
= getenv_bool(name
);
386 log_warning_errno(r
, "Failed to parse %s from environment, defaulting to false.", name
);
387 arg_clone_ns_flags
= (arg_clone_ns_flags
& ~ns_flag
) | (r
> 0 ? 0 : ns_flag
);
390 static void parse_mount_settings_env(void) {
394 e
= getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_API_VFS_WRITABLE");
398 if (streq(e
, "network")) {
399 arg_mount_settings
|= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO
|MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS
;
403 r
= parse_boolean(e
);
405 log_warning_errno(r
, "Failed to parse SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_API_VFS_WRITABLE from environment, ignoring.");
409 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings
, MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO
, r
== 0);
410 SET_FLAG(arg_mount_settings
, MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS
, false);
413 static int parse_argv(int argc
, char *argv
[]) {
431 ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE
,
436 ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA
,
446 ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN
,
449 ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER
,
452 static const struct option options
[] = {
453 { "help", no_argument
, NULL
, 'h' },
454 { "version", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_VERSION
},
455 { "directory", required_argument
, NULL
, 'D' },
456 { "template", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_TEMPLATE
},
457 { "ephemeral", no_argument
, NULL
, 'x' },
458 { "user", required_argument
, NULL
, 'u' },
459 { "private-network", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK
},
460 { "as-pid2", no_argument
, NULL
, 'a' },
461 { "boot", no_argument
, NULL
, 'b' },
462 { "uuid", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_UUID
},
463 { "read-only", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_READ_ONLY
},
464 { "capability", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_CAPABILITY
},
465 { "drop-capability", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY
},
466 { "link-journal", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_LINK_JOURNAL
},
467 { "bind", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_BIND
},
468 { "bind-ro", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_BIND_RO
},
469 { "tmpfs", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_TMPFS
},
470 { "overlay", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_OVERLAY
},
471 { "overlay-ro", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_OVERLAY_RO
},
472 { "machine", required_argument
, NULL
, 'M' },
473 { "slice", required_argument
, NULL
, 'S' },
474 { "setenv", required_argument
, NULL
, 'E' },
475 { "selinux-context", required_argument
, NULL
, 'Z' },
476 { "selinux-apifs-context", required_argument
, NULL
, 'L' },
477 { "quiet", no_argument
, NULL
, 'q' },
478 { "share-system", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM
}, /* not documented */
479 { "register", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_REGISTER
},
480 { "keep-unit", no_argument
, NULL
, ARG_KEEP_UNIT
},
481 { "network-interface", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE
},
482 { "network-macvlan", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN
},
483 { "network-ipvlan", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN
},
484 { "network-veth", no_argument
, NULL
, 'n' },
485 { "network-veth-extra", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA
},
486 { "network-bridge", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE
},
487 { "network-zone", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_NETWORK_ZONE
},
488 { "personality", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_PERSONALITY
},
489 { "image", required_argument
, NULL
, 'i' },
490 { "volatile", optional_argument
, NULL
, ARG_VOLATILE
},
491 { "port", required_argument
, NULL
, 'p' },
492 { "property", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_PROPERTY
},
493 { "private-users", optional_argument
, NULL
, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS
},
494 { "private-users-chown", optional_argument
, NULL
, ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN
},
495 { "kill-signal", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_KILL_SIGNAL
},
496 { "settings", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_SETTINGS
},
497 { "chdir", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_CHDIR
},
498 { "pivot-root", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_PIVOT_ROOT
},
499 { "notify-ready", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_NOTIFY_READY
},
500 { "root-hash", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_ROOT_HASH
},
501 { "system-call-filter", required_argument
, NULL
, ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER
},
507 uint64_t plus
= 0, minus
= 0;
508 bool mask_all_settings
= false, mask_no_settings
= false;
513 while ((c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "+hD:u:abL:M:jS:Z:qi:xp:nUE:", options
, NULL
)) >= 0)
525 r
= parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg
, false, &arg_directory
);
531 r
= parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg
, false, &arg_template
);
537 r
= parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg
, false, &arg_image
);
543 arg_ephemeral
= true;
547 r
= free_and_strdup(&arg_user
, optarg
);
551 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_USER
;
554 case ARG_NETWORK_ZONE
: {
557 j
= strappend("vz-", optarg
);
561 if (!ifname_valid(j
)) {
562 log_error("Network zone name not valid: %s", j
);
567 free(arg_network_zone
);
568 arg_network_zone
= j
;
570 arg_network_veth
= true;
571 arg_private_network
= true;
572 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_NETWORK
;
576 case ARG_NETWORK_BRIDGE
:
578 if (!ifname_valid(optarg
)) {
579 log_error("Bridge interface name not valid: %s", optarg
);
583 r
= free_and_strdup(&arg_network_bridge
, optarg
);
589 arg_network_veth
= true;
590 arg_private_network
= true;
591 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_NETWORK
;
594 case ARG_NETWORK_VETH_EXTRA
:
595 r
= veth_extra_parse(&arg_network_veth_extra
, optarg
);
597 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse --network-veth-extra= parameter: %s", optarg
);
599 arg_private_network
= true;
600 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_NETWORK
;
603 case ARG_NETWORK_INTERFACE
:
605 if (!ifname_valid(optarg
)) {
606 log_error("Network interface name not valid: %s", optarg
);
610 if (strv_extend(&arg_network_interfaces
, optarg
) < 0)
613 arg_private_network
= true;
614 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_NETWORK
;
617 case ARG_NETWORK_MACVLAN
:
619 if (!ifname_valid(optarg
)) {
620 log_error("MACVLAN network interface name not valid: %s", optarg
);
624 if (strv_extend(&arg_network_macvlan
, optarg
) < 0)
627 arg_private_network
= true;
628 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_NETWORK
;
631 case ARG_NETWORK_IPVLAN
:
633 if (!ifname_valid(optarg
)) {
634 log_error("IPVLAN network interface name not valid: %s", optarg
);
638 if (strv_extend(&arg_network_ipvlan
, optarg
) < 0)
642 case ARG_PRIVATE_NETWORK
:
643 arg_private_network
= true;
644 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_NETWORK
;
648 if (arg_start_mode
== START_PID2
) {
649 log_error("--boot and --as-pid2 may not be combined.");
653 arg_start_mode
= START_BOOT
;
654 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_START_MODE
;
658 if (arg_start_mode
== START_BOOT
) {
659 log_error("--boot and --as-pid2 may not be combined.");
663 arg_start_mode
= START_PID2
;
664 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_START_MODE
;
668 r
= sd_id128_from_string(optarg
, &arg_uuid
);
670 return log_error_errno(r
, "Invalid UUID: %s", optarg
);
672 if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid
)) {
673 log_error("Machine UUID may not be all zeroes.");
677 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_MACHINE_ID
;
686 arg_machine
= mfree(arg_machine
);
688 if (!machine_name_is_valid(optarg
)) {
689 log_error("Invalid machine name: %s", optarg
);
693 r
= free_and_strdup(&arg_machine
, optarg
);
700 arg_selinux_context
= optarg
;
704 arg_selinux_apifs_context
= optarg
;
708 arg_read_only
= true;
709 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_READ_ONLY
;
713 case ARG_DROP_CAPABILITY
: {
716 _cleanup_free_
char *t
= NULL
;
718 r
= extract_first_word(&p
, &t
, ",", 0);
720 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse capability %s.", t
);
725 if (streq(t
, "all")) {
726 if (c
== ARG_CAPABILITY
)
727 plus
= (uint64_t) -1;
729 minus
= (uint64_t) -1;
733 cap
= capability_from_name(t
);
735 log_error("Failed to parse capability %s.", t
);
739 if (c
== ARG_CAPABILITY
)
740 plus
|= 1ULL << (uint64_t) cap
;
742 minus
|= 1ULL << (uint64_t) cap
;
746 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_CAPABILITY
;
751 arg_link_journal
= LINK_GUEST
;
752 arg_link_journal_try
= true;
755 case ARG_LINK_JOURNAL
:
756 if (streq(optarg
, "auto")) {
757 arg_link_journal
= LINK_AUTO
;
758 arg_link_journal_try
= false;
759 } else if (streq(optarg
, "no")) {
760 arg_link_journal
= LINK_NO
;
761 arg_link_journal_try
= false;
762 } else if (streq(optarg
, "guest")) {
763 arg_link_journal
= LINK_GUEST
;
764 arg_link_journal_try
= false;
765 } else if (streq(optarg
, "host")) {
766 arg_link_journal
= LINK_HOST
;
767 arg_link_journal_try
= false;
768 } else if (streq(optarg
, "try-guest")) {
769 arg_link_journal
= LINK_GUEST
;
770 arg_link_journal_try
= true;
771 } else if (streq(optarg
, "try-host")) {
772 arg_link_journal
= LINK_HOST
;
773 arg_link_journal_try
= true;
775 log_error("Failed to parse link journal mode %s", optarg
);
783 r
= bind_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts
, &arg_n_custom_mounts
, optarg
, c
== ARG_BIND_RO
);
785 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse --bind(-ro)= argument %s: %m", optarg
);
787 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS
;
791 r
= tmpfs_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts
, &arg_n_custom_mounts
, optarg
);
793 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse --tmpfs= argument %s: %m", optarg
);
795 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS
;
800 r
= overlay_mount_parse(&arg_custom_mounts
, &arg_n_custom_mounts
, optarg
, c
== ARG_OVERLAY_RO
);
801 if (r
== -EADDRNOTAVAIL
)
802 return log_error_errno(r
, "--overlay(-ro)= needs at least two colon-separated directories specified.");
804 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse --overlay(-ro)= argument %s: %m", optarg
);
806 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS
;
812 if (!env_assignment_is_valid(optarg
)) {
813 log_error("Environment variable assignment '%s' is not valid.", optarg
);
817 n
= strv_env_set(arg_setenv
, optarg
);
821 strv_free(arg_setenv
);
824 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_ENVIRONMENT
;
832 case ARG_SHARE_SYSTEM
:
833 /* We don't officially support this anymore, except for compat reasons. People should use the
834 * $SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_* environment variables instead. */
835 arg_clone_ns_flags
= 0;
839 r
= parse_boolean(optarg
);
841 log_error("Failed to parse --register= argument: %s", optarg
);
849 arg_keep_unit
= true;
852 case ARG_PERSONALITY
:
854 arg_personality
= personality_from_string(optarg
);
855 if (arg_personality
== PERSONALITY_INVALID
) {
856 log_error("Unknown or unsupported personality '%s'.", optarg
);
860 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_PERSONALITY
;
866 arg_volatile_mode
= VOLATILE_YES
;
870 m
= volatile_mode_from_string(optarg
);
872 log_error("Failed to parse --volatile= argument: %s", optarg
);
875 arg_volatile_mode
= m
;
878 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_VOLATILE_MODE
;
882 r
= expose_port_parse(&arg_expose_ports
, optarg
);
884 return log_error_errno(r
, "Duplicate port specification: %s", optarg
);
886 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse host port %s: %m", optarg
);
888 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_EXPOSE_PORTS
;
892 if (strv_extend(&arg_property
, optarg
) < 0)
897 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS
: {
902 else if (!in_charset(optarg
, DIGITS
))
903 /* do *not* parse numbers as booleans */
904 boolean
= parse_boolean(optarg
);
906 if (boolean
== false) {
907 /* no: User namespacing off */
908 arg_userns_mode
= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
;
909 arg_uid_shift
= UID_INVALID
;
910 arg_uid_range
= UINT32_C(0x10000);
911 } else if (boolean
== true) {
912 /* yes: User namespacing on, UID range is read from root dir */
913 arg_userns_mode
= USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED
;
914 arg_uid_shift
= UID_INVALID
;
915 arg_uid_range
= UINT32_C(0x10000);
916 } else if (streq(optarg
, "pick")) {
917 /* pick: User namespacing on, UID range is picked randomly */
918 arg_userns_mode
= USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
;
919 arg_uid_shift
= UID_INVALID
;
920 arg_uid_range
= UINT32_C(0x10000);
922 _cleanup_free_
char *buffer
= NULL
;
923 const char *range
, *shift
;
925 /* anything else: User namespacing on, UID range is explicitly configured */
927 range
= strchr(optarg
, ':');
929 buffer
= strndup(optarg
, range
- optarg
);
935 r
= safe_atou32(range
, &arg_uid_range
);
937 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse UID range \"%s\": %m", range
);
941 r
= parse_uid(shift
, &arg_uid_shift
);
943 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse UID \"%s\": %m", optarg
);
945 arg_userns_mode
= USER_NAMESPACE_FIXED
;
948 if (arg_uid_range
<= 0) {
949 log_error("UID range cannot be 0.");
953 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_USERNS
;
958 if (userns_supported()) {
959 arg_userns_mode
= USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
;
960 arg_uid_shift
= UID_INVALID
;
961 arg_uid_range
= UINT32_C(0x10000);
963 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_USERNS
;
968 case ARG_PRIVATE_USERS_CHOWN
:
969 arg_userns_chown
= true;
971 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_USERNS
;
974 case ARG_KILL_SIGNAL
:
975 arg_kill_signal
= signal_from_string_try_harder(optarg
);
976 if (arg_kill_signal
< 0) {
977 log_error("Cannot parse signal: %s", optarg
);
981 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_KILL_SIGNAL
;
986 /* no → do not read files
987 * yes → read files, do not override cmdline, trust only subset
988 * override → read files, override cmdline, trust only subset
989 * trusted → read files, do not override cmdline, trust all
992 r
= parse_boolean(optarg
);
994 if (streq(optarg
, "trusted")) {
995 mask_all_settings
= false;
996 mask_no_settings
= false;
997 arg_settings_trusted
= true;
999 } else if (streq(optarg
, "override")) {
1000 mask_all_settings
= false;
1001 mask_no_settings
= true;
1002 arg_settings_trusted
= -1;
1004 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse --settings= argument: %s", optarg
);
1007 mask_all_settings
= false;
1008 mask_no_settings
= false;
1009 arg_settings_trusted
= -1;
1012 mask_all_settings
= true;
1013 mask_no_settings
= false;
1014 arg_settings_trusted
= false;
1020 if (!path_is_absolute(optarg
)) {
1021 log_error("Working directory %s is not an absolute path.", optarg
);
1025 r
= free_and_strdup(&arg_chdir
, optarg
);
1029 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_WORKING_DIRECTORY
;
1032 case ARG_PIVOT_ROOT
:
1033 r
= pivot_root_parse(&arg_pivot_root_new
, &arg_pivot_root_old
, optarg
);
1035 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse --pivot-root= argument %s: %m", optarg
);
1037 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_PIVOT_ROOT
;
1040 case ARG_NOTIFY_READY
:
1041 r
= parse_boolean(optarg
);
1043 log_error("%s is not a valid notify mode. Valid modes are: yes, no, and ready.", optarg
);
1046 arg_notify_ready
= r
;
1047 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_NOTIFY_READY
;
1050 case ARG_ROOT_HASH
: {
1054 r
= unhexmem(optarg
, strlen(optarg
), &k
, &l
);
1056 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse root hash: %s", optarg
);
1057 if (l
< sizeof(sd_id128_t
)) {
1058 log_error("Root hash must be at least 128bit long: %s", optarg
);
1063 free(arg_root_hash
);
1065 arg_root_hash_size
= l
;
1069 case ARG_SYSTEM_CALL_FILTER
: {
1073 negative
= optarg
[0] == '~';
1074 items
= negative
? optarg
+ 1 : optarg
;
1077 _cleanup_free_
char *word
= NULL
;
1079 r
= extract_first_word(&items
, &word
, NULL
, 0);
1085 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to parse system call filter: %m");
1088 r
= strv_extend(&arg_syscall_blacklist
, word
);
1090 r
= strv_extend(&arg_syscall_whitelist
, word
);
1095 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_SYSCALL_FILTER
;
1103 assert_not_reached("Unhandled option");
1106 parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_IPC", CLONE_NEWIPC
);
1107 parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_PID", CLONE_NEWPID
);
1108 parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_NS_UTS", CLONE_NEWUTS
);
1109 parse_share_ns_env("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_SHARE_SYSTEM", CLONE_NEWIPC
|CLONE_NEWPID
|CLONE_NEWUTS
);
1111 if (arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
)
1112 arg_mount_settings
|= MOUNT_USE_USERNS
;
1114 if (arg_private_network
)
1115 arg_mount_settings
|= MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS
;
1117 parse_mount_settings_env();
1119 if (!(arg_clone_ns_flags
& CLONE_NEWPID
) ||
1120 !(arg_clone_ns_flags
& CLONE_NEWUTS
)) {
1121 arg_register
= false;
1122 if (arg_start_mode
!= START_PID1
) {
1123 log_error("--boot cannot be used without namespacing.");
1128 if (arg_userns_mode
== USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
)
1129 arg_userns_chown
= true;
1131 if (arg_keep_unit
&& arg_register
&& cg_pid_get_owner_uid(0, NULL
) >= 0) {
1132 /* Save the user from accidentally registering either user-$SESSION.scope or user@.service.
1133 * The latter is not technically a user session, but we don't need to labour the point. */
1134 log_error("--keep-unit --register=yes may not be used when invoked from a user session.");
1138 if (arg_directory
&& arg_image
) {
1139 log_error("--directory= and --image= may not be combined.");
1143 if (arg_template
&& arg_image
) {
1144 log_error("--template= and --image= may not be combined.");
1148 if (arg_ephemeral
&& arg_template
&& !arg_directory
) {
1149 /* User asked for ephemeral execution but specified --template= instead of --directory=. Semantically
1150 * such an invocation makes some sense, see https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3667. Let's
1151 * accept this here, and silently make "--ephemeral --template=" equivalent to "--ephemeral
1154 arg_directory
= arg_template
;
1155 arg_template
= NULL
;
1158 if (arg_template
&& !(arg_directory
|| arg_machine
)) {
1159 log_error("--template= needs --directory= or --machine=.");
1163 if (arg_ephemeral
&& arg_template
) {
1164 log_error("--ephemeral and --template= may not be combined.");
1168 if (arg_ephemeral
&& !IN_SET(arg_link_journal
, LINK_NO
, LINK_AUTO
)) {
1169 log_error("--ephemeral and --link-journal= may not be combined.");
1173 if (arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
&& !userns_supported()) {
1174 log_error("--private-users= is not supported, kernel compiled without user namespace support.");
1178 if (arg_userns_chown
&& arg_read_only
) {
1179 log_error("--read-only and --private-users-chown may not be combined.");
1183 if (arg_network_bridge
&& arg_network_zone
) {
1184 log_error("--network-bridge= and --network-zone= may not be combined.");
1188 if (argc
> optind
) {
1189 arg_parameters
= strv_copy(argv
+ optind
);
1190 if (!arg_parameters
)
1193 arg_settings_mask
|= SETTING_START_MODE
;
1196 /* Load all settings from .nspawn files */
1197 if (mask_no_settings
)
1198 arg_settings_mask
= 0;
1200 /* Don't load any settings from .nspawn files */
1201 if (mask_all_settings
)
1202 arg_settings_mask
= _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL
;
1204 arg_caps_retain
= (arg_caps_retain
| plus
| (arg_private_network
? 1ULL << CAP_NET_ADMIN
: 0)) & ~minus
;
1206 r
= cg_unified_flush();
1208 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to determine whether the unified cgroups hierarchy is used: %m");
1210 e
= getenv("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_CONTAINER_SERVICE");
1212 arg_container_service_name
= e
;
1214 r
= getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_NSPAWN_USE_CGNS");
1216 arg_use_cgns
= cg_ns_supported();
1220 r
= custom_mount_check_all();
1227 static int verify_arguments(void) {
1228 if (arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
&& (arg_mount_settings
& MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_NETNS
) && !arg_private_network
) {
1229 log_error("Invalid namespacing settings. Mounting sysfs with --private-users requires --private-network.");
1233 if (arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
&& !(arg_mount_settings
& MOUNT_APPLY_APIVFS_RO
)) {
1234 log_error("Cannot combine --private-users with read-write mounts.");
1238 if (arg_volatile_mode
!= VOLATILE_NO
&& arg_read_only
) {
1239 log_error("Cannot combine --read-only with --volatile. Note that --volatile already implies a read-only base hierarchy.");
1243 if (arg_expose_ports
&& !arg_private_network
) {
1244 log_error("Cannot use --port= without private networking.");
1249 if (arg_expose_ports
) {
1250 log_error("--port= is not supported, compiled without libiptc support.");
1255 if (arg_start_mode
== START_BOOT
&& arg_kill_signal
<= 0)
1256 arg_kill_signal
= SIGRTMIN
+3;
1261 static int userns_lchown(const char *p
, uid_t uid
, gid_t gid
) {
1264 if (arg_userns_mode
== USER_NAMESPACE_NO
)
1267 if (uid
== UID_INVALID
&& gid
== GID_INVALID
)
1270 if (uid
!= UID_INVALID
) {
1271 uid
+= arg_uid_shift
;
1273 if (uid
< arg_uid_shift
|| uid
>= arg_uid_shift
+ arg_uid_range
)
1277 if (gid
!= GID_INVALID
) {
1278 gid
+= (gid_t
) arg_uid_shift
;
1280 if (gid
< (gid_t
) arg_uid_shift
|| gid
>= (gid_t
) (arg_uid_shift
+ arg_uid_range
))
1284 if (lchown(p
, uid
, gid
) < 0)
1290 static int userns_mkdir(const char *root
, const char *path
, mode_t mode
, uid_t uid
, gid_t gid
) {
1293 q
= prefix_roota(root
, path
);
1294 if (mkdir(q
, mode
) < 0) {
1295 if (errno
== EEXIST
)
1300 return userns_lchown(q
, uid
, gid
);
1303 static int setup_timezone(const char *dest
) {
1304 _cleanup_free_
char *p
= NULL
, *q
= NULL
;
1305 const char *where
, *check
, *what
;
1311 /* Fix the timezone, if possible */
1312 r
= readlink_malloc("/etc/localtime", &p
);
1314 log_warning("host's /etc/localtime is not a symlink, not updating container timezone.");
1315 /* to handle warning, delete /etc/localtime and replace it
1316 * with a symbolic link to a time zone data file.
1319 * ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/UTC /etc/localtime
1324 z
= path_startswith(p
, "../usr/share/zoneinfo/");
1326 z
= path_startswith(p
, "/usr/share/zoneinfo/");
1328 log_warning("/etc/localtime does not point into /usr/share/zoneinfo/, not updating container timezone.");
1332 where
= prefix_roota(dest
, "/etc/localtime");
1333 r
= readlink_malloc(where
, &q
);
1335 y
= path_startswith(q
, "../usr/share/zoneinfo/");
1337 y
= path_startswith(q
, "/usr/share/zoneinfo/");
1339 /* Already pointing to the right place? Then do nothing .. */
1340 if (y
&& streq(y
, z
))
1344 check
= strjoina("/usr/share/zoneinfo/", z
);
1345 check
= prefix_roota(dest
, check
);
1346 if (laccess(check
, F_OK
) < 0) {
1347 log_warning("Timezone %s does not exist in container, not updating container timezone.", z
);
1351 if (unlink(where
) < 0 && errno
!= ENOENT
) {
1352 log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno
, EROFS
, EACCES
, EPERM
) ? LOG_DEBUG
: LOG_WARNING
, /* Don't complain on read-only images */
1354 "Failed to remove existing timezone info %s in container, ignoring: %m", where
);
1358 what
= strjoina("../usr/share/zoneinfo/", z
);
1359 if (symlink(what
, where
) < 0) {
1360 log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno
, EROFS
, EACCES
, EPERM
) ? LOG_DEBUG
: LOG_WARNING
,
1362 "Failed to correct timezone of container, ignoring: %m");
1366 r
= userns_lchown(where
, 0, 0);
1368 return log_warning_errno(r
, "Failed to chown /etc/localtime: %m");
1373 static int resolved_listening(void) {
1374 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp
) sd_bus
*bus
= NULL
;
1375 _cleanup_free_
char *dns_stub_listener_mode
= NULL
;
1378 /* Check if resolved is listening */
1380 r
= sd_bus_open_system(&bus
);
1384 r
= bus_name_has_owner(bus
, "org.freedesktop.resolve1", NULL
);
1388 r
= sd_bus_get_property_string(bus
,
1389 "org.freedesktop.resolve1",
1390 "/org/freedesktop/resolve1",
1391 "org.freedesktop.resolve1.Manager",
1394 &dns_stub_listener_mode
);
1398 return STR_IN_SET(dns_stub_listener_mode
, "udp", "yes");
1401 static int setup_resolv_conf(const char *dest
) {
1402 _cleanup_free_
char *resolved
= NULL
, *etc
= NULL
;
1408 if (arg_private_network
)
1411 r
= chase_symlinks("/etc", dest
, CHASE_PREFIX_ROOT
, &etc
);
1413 log_warning_errno(r
, "Failed to resolve /etc path in container, ignoring: %m");
1417 where
= strjoina(etc
, "/resolv.conf");
1418 found
= chase_symlinks(where
, dest
, CHASE_NONEXISTENT
, &resolved
);
1420 log_warning_errno(found
, "Failed to resolve /etc/resolv.conf path in container, ignoring: %m");
1424 if (access(STATIC_RESOLV_CONF
, F_OK
) >= 0 &&
1425 resolved_listening() > 0) {
1427 /* resolved is enabled on the host. In this, case bind mount its static resolv.conf file into the
1428 * container, so that the container can use the host's resolver. Given that network namespacing is
1429 * disabled it's only natural of the container also uses the host's resolver. It also has the big
1430 * advantage that the container will be able to follow the host's DNS server configuration changes
1433 if (found
== 0) /* missing? */
1434 (void) touch(resolved
);
1436 r
= mount_verbose(LOG_DEBUG
, STATIC_RESOLV_CONF
, resolved
, NULL
, MS_BIND
, NULL
);
1438 return mount_verbose(LOG_ERR
, NULL
, resolved
, NULL
, MS_BIND
|MS_REMOUNT
|MS_RDONLY
|MS_NOSUID
|MS_NODEV
, NULL
);
1441 /* If that didn't work, let's copy the file */
1442 r
= copy_file("/etc/resolv.conf", where
, O_TRUNC
|O_NOFOLLOW
, 0644, 0, COPY_REFLINK
);
1444 /* If the file already exists as symlink, let's suppress the warning, under the assumption that
1445 * resolved or something similar runs inside and the symlink points there.
1447 * If the disk image is read-only, there's also no point in complaining.
1449 log_full_errno(IN_SET(r
, -ELOOP
, -EROFS
, -EACCES
, -EPERM
) ? LOG_DEBUG
: LOG_WARNING
, r
,
1450 "Failed to copy /etc/resolv.conf to %s, ignoring: %m", where
);
1454 r
= userns_lchown(where
, 0, 0);
1456 log_warning_errno(r
, "Failed to chown /etc/resolv.conf, ignoring: %m");
1461 static int setup_boot_id(const char *dest
) {
1462 sd_id128_t rnd
= SD_ID128_NULL
;
1463 const char *from
, *to
;
1466 /* Generate a new randomized boot ID, so that each boot-up of
1467 * the container gets a new one */
1469 from
= prefix_roota(dest
, "/run/proc-sys-kernel-random-boot-id");
1470 to
= prefix_roota(dest
, "/proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id");
1472 r
= sd_id128_randomize(&rnd
);
1474 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to generate random boot id: %m");
1476 r
= id128_write(from
, ID128_UUID
, rnd
, false);
1478 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to write boot id: %m");
1480 r
= mount_verbose(LOG_ERR
, from
, to
, NULL
, MS_BIND
, NULL
);
1482 r
= mount_verbose(LOG_ERR
, NULL
, to
, NULL
,
1483 MS_BIND
|MS_REMOUNT
|MS_RDONLY
|MS_NOSUID
|MS_NODEV
, NULL
);
1485 (void) unlink(from
);
1489 static int copy_devnodes(const char *dest
) {
1491 static const char devnodes
[] =
1502 _cleanup_umask_ mode_t u
;
1508 /* Create /dev/net, so that we can create /dev/net/tun in it */
1509 if (userns_mkdir(dest
, "/dev/net", 0755, 0, 0) < 0)
1510 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to create /dev/net directory: %m");
1512 NULSTR_FOREACH(d
, devnodes
) {
1513 _cleanup_free_
char *from
= NULL
, *to
= NULL
;
1516 from
= strappend("/dev/", d
);
1517 to
= prefix_root(dest
, from
);
1519 if (stat(from
, &st
) < 0) {
1521 if (errno
!= ENOENT
)
1522 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to stat %s: %m", from
);
1524 } else if (!S_ISCHR(st
.st_mode
) && !S_ISBLK(st
.st_mode
)) {
1526 log_error("%s is not a char or block device, cannot copy.", from
);
1530 if (mknod(to
, st
.st_mode
, st
.st_rdev
) < 0) {
1531 /* Explicitly warn the user when /dev is already populated. */
1532 if (errno
== EEXIST
)
1533 log_notice("%s/dev is pre-mounted and pre-populated. If a pre-mounted /dev is provided it needs to be an unpopulated file system.", dest
);
1535 return log_error_errno(errno
, "mknod(%s) failed: %m", to
);
1537 /* Some systems abusively restrict mknod but
1538 * allow bind mounts. */
1541 return log_error_errno(r
, "touch (%s) failed: %m", to
);
1542 r
= mount_verbose(LOG_DEBUG
, from
, to
, NULL
, MS_BIND
, NULL
);
1544 return log_error_errno(r
, "Both mknod and bind mount (%s) failed: %m", to
);
1547 r
= userns_lchown(to
, 0, 0);
1549 return log_error_errno(r
, "chown() of device node %s failed: %m", to
);
1556 static int setup_pts(const char *dest
) {
1557 _cleanup_free_
char *options
= NULL
;
1562 if (arg_selinux_apifs_context
)
1563 (void) asprintf(&options
,
1564 "newinstance,ptmxmode=0666,mode=620,gid=" GID_FMT
",context=\"%s\"",
1565 arg_uid_shift
+ TTY_GID
,
1566 arg_selinux_apifs_context
);
1569 (void) asprintf(&options
,
1570 "newinstance,ptmxmode=0666,mode=620,gid=" GID_FMT
,
1571 arg_uid_shift
+ TTY_GID
);
1576 /* Mount /dev/pts itself */
1577 p
= prefix_roota(dest
, "/dev/pts");
1578 if (mkdir(p
, 0755) < 0)
1579 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to create /dev/pts: %m");
1580 r
= mount_verbose(LOG_ERR
, "devpts", p
, "devpts", MS_NOSUID
|MS_NOEXEC
, options
);
1583 r
= userns_lchown(p
, 0, 0);
1585 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to chown /dev/pts: %m");
1587 /* Create /dev/ptmx symlink */
1588 p
= prefix_roota(dest
, "/dev/ptmx");
1589 if (symlink("pts/ptmx", p
) < 0)
1590 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to create /dev/ptmx symlink: %m");
1591 r
= userns_lchown(p
, 0, 0);
1593 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to chown /dev/ptmx: %m");
1595 /* And fix /dev/pts/ptmx ownership */
1596 p
= prefix_roota(dest
, "/dev/pts/ptmx");
1597 r
= userns_lchown(p
, 0, 0);
1599 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to chown /dev/pts/ptmx: %m");
1604 static int setup_dev_console(const char *dest
, const char *console
) {
1605 _cleanup_umask_ mode_t u
;
1614 r
= chmod_and_chown(console
, 0600, arg_uid_shift
, arg_uid_shift
);
1616 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to correct access mode for TTY: %m");
1618 /* We need to bind mount the right tty to /dev/console since
1619 * ptys can only exist on pts file systems. To have something
1620 * to bind mount things on we create a empty regular file. */
1622 to
= prefix_roota(dest
, "/dev/console");
1625 return log_error_errno(r
, "touch() for /dev/console failed: %m");
1627 return mount_verbose(LOG_ERR
, console
, to
, NULL
, MS_BIND
, NULL
);
1630 static int setup_keyring(void) {
1631 key_serial_t keyring
;
1633 /* Allocate a new session keyring for the container. This makes sure the keyring of the session systemd-nspawn
1634 * was invoked from doesn't leak into the container. Note that by default we block keyctl() and request_key()
1635 * anyway via seccomp so doing this operation isn't strictly necessary, but in case people explicitly whitelist
1636 * these system calls let's make sure we don't leak anything into the container. */
1638 keyring
= keyctl(KEYCTL_JOIN_SESSION_KEYRING
, 0, 0, 0, 0);
1639 if (keyring
== -1) {
1640 if (errno
== ENOSYS
)
1641 log_debug_errno(errno
, "Kernel keyring not supported, ignoring.");
1642 else if (IN_SET(errno
, EACCES
, EPERM
))
1643 log_debug_errno(errno
, "Kernel keyring access prohibited, ignoring.");
1645 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Setting up kernel keyring failed: %m");
1651 static int setup_kmsg(const char *dest
, int kmsg_socket
) {
1652 const char *from
, *to
;
1653 _cleanup_umask_ mode_t u
;
1656 assert(kmsg_socket
>= 0);
1660 /* We create the kmsg FIFO as /run/kmsg, but immediately
1661 * delete it after bind mounting it to /proc/kmsg. While FIFOs
1662 * on the reading side behave very similar to /proc/kmsg,
1663 * their writing side behaves differently from /dev/kmsg in
1664 * that writing blocks when nothing is reading. In order to
1665 * avoid any problems with containers deadlocking due to this
1666 * we simply make /dev/kmsg unavailable to the container. */
1667 from
= prefix_roota(dest
, "/run/kmsg");
1668 to
= prefix_roota(dest
, "/proc/kmsg");
1670 if (mkfifo(from
, 0600) < 0)
1671 return log_error_errno(errno
, "mkfifo() for /run/kmsg failed: %m");
1672 r
= mount_verbose(LOG_ERR
, from
, to
, NULL
, MS_BIND
, NULL
);
1676 fd
= open(from
, O_RDWR
|O_NDELAY
|O_CLOEXEC
);
1678 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to open fifo: %m");
1680 /* Store away the fd in the socket, so that it stays open as
1681 * long as we run the child */
1682 r
= send_one_fd(kmsg_socket
, fd
, 0);
1686 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to send FIFO fd: %m");
1688 /* And now make the FIFO unavailable as /run/kmsg... */
1689 (void) unlink(from
);
1694 static int on_address_change(sd_netlink
*rtnl
, sd_netlink_message
*m
, void *userdata
) {
1695 union in_addr_union
*exposed
= userdata
;
1701 expose_port_execute(rtnl
, arg_expose_ports
, exposed
);
1705 static int setup_hostname(void) {
1707 if ((arg_clone_ns_flags
& CLONE_NEWUTS
) == 0)
1710 if (sethostname_idempotent(arg_machine
) < 0)
1716 static int setup_journal(const char *directory
) {
1718 _cleanup_free_
char *d
= NULL
;
1724 /* Don't link journals in ephemeral mode */
1728 if (arg_link_journal
== LINK_NO
)
1731 try = arg_link_journal_try
|| arg_link_journal
== LINK_AUTO
;
1733 r
= sd_id128_get_machine(&this_id
);
1735 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to retrieve machine ID: %m");
1737 if (sd_id128_equal(arg_uuid
, this_id
)) {
1738 log_full(try ? LOG_WARNING
: LOG_ERR
,
1739 "Host and machine ids are equal (%s): refusing to link journals", sd_id128_to_string(arg_uuid
, id
));
1745 r
= userns_mkdir(directory
, "/var", 0755, 0, 0);
1747 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to create /var: %m");
1749 r
= userns_mkdir(directory
, "/var/log", 0755, 0, 0);
1751 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to create /var/log: %m");
1753 r
= userns_mkdir(directory
, "/var/log/journal", 0755, 0, 0);
1755 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to create /var/log/journal: %m");
1757 (void) sd_id128_to_string(arg_uuid
, id
);
1759 p
= strjoina("/var/log/journal/", id
);
1760 q
= prefix_roota(directory
, p
);
1762 if (path_is_mount_point(p
, NULL
, 0) > 0) {
1766 log_error("%s: already a mount point, refusing to use for journal", p
);
1770 if (path_is_mount_point(q
, NULL
, 0) > 0) {
1774 log_error("%s: already a mount point, refusing to use for journal", q
);
1778 r
= readlink_and_make_absolute(p
, &d
);
1780 if (IN_SET(arg_link_journal
, LINK_GUEST
, LINK_AUTO
) &&
1783 r
= userns_mkdir(directory
, p
, 0755, 0, 0);
1785 log_warning_errno(r
, "Failed to create directory %s: %m", q
);
1790 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to remove symlink %s: %m", p
);
1791 } else if (r
== -EINVAL
) {
1793 if (arg_link_journal
== LINK_GUEST
&&
1796 if (errno
== ENOTDIR
) {
1797 log_error("%s already exists and is neither a symlink nor a directory", p
);
1800 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to remove %s: %m", p
);
1802 } else if (r
!= -ENOENT
)
1803 return log_error_errno(r
, "readlink(%s) failed: %m", p
);
1805 if (arg_link_journal
== LINK_GUEST
) {
1807 if (symlink(q
, p
) < 0) {
1809 log_debug_errno(errno
, "Failed to symlink %s to %s, skipping journal setup: %m", q
, p
);
1812 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to symlink %s to %s: %m", q
, p
);
1815 r
= userns_mkdir(directory
, p
, 0755, 0, 0);
1817 log_warning_errno(r
, "Failed to create directory %s: %m", q
);
1821 if (arg_link_journal
== LINK_HOST
) {
1822 /* don't create parents here — if the host doesn't have
1823 * permanent journal set up, don't force it here */
1825 if (mkdir(p
, 0755) < 0 && errno
!= EEXIST
) {
1827 log_debug_errno(errno
, "Failed to create %s, skipping journal setup: %m", p
);
1830 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to create %s: %m", p
);
1833 } else if (access(p
, F_OK
) < 0)
1836 if (dir_is_empty(q
) == 0)
1837 log_warning("%s is not empty, proceeding anyway.", q
);
1839 r
= userns_mkdir(directory
, p
, 0755, 0, 0);
1841 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to create %s: %m", q
);
1843 r
= mount_verbose(LOG_DEBUG
, p
, q
, NULL
, MS_BIND
, NULL
);
1845 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to bind mount journal from host into guest: %m");
1850 static int drop_capabilities(void) {
1851 return capability_bounding_set_drop(arg_caps_retain
, false);
1854 static int reset_audit_loginuid(void) {
1855 _cleanup_free_
char *p
= NULL
;
1858 if ((arg_clone_ns_flags
& CLONE_NEWPID
) == 0)
1861 r
= read_one_line_file("/proc/self/loginuid", &p
);
1865 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to read /proc/self/loginuid: %m");
1867 /* Already reset? */
1868 if (streq(p
, "4294967295"))
1871 r
= write_string_file("/proc/self/loginuid", "4294967295", 0);
1874 "Failed to reset audit login UID. This probably means that your kernel is too\n"
1875 "old and you have audit enabled. Note that the auditing subsystem is known to\n"
1876 "be incompatible with containers on old kernels. Please make sure to upgrade\n"
1877 "your kernel or to off auditing with 'audit=0' on the kernel command line before\n"
1878 "using systemd-nspawn. Sleeping for 5s... (%m)");
1887 static int setup_propagate(const char *root
) {
1891 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/", 0755);
1892 (void) mkdir_p("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate", 0600);
1893 p
= strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine
);
1894 (void) mkdir_p(p
, 0600);
1896 r
= userns_mkdir(root
, "/run/systemd", 0755, 0, 0);
1898 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to create /run/systemd: %m");
1900 r
= userns_mkdir(root
, "/run/systemd/nspawn", 0755, 0, 0);
1902 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to create /run/systemd/nspawn: %m");
1904 r
= userns_mkdir(root
, "/run/systemd/nspawn/incoming", 0600, 0, 0);
1906 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to create /run/systemd/nspawn/incoming: %m");
1908 q
= prefix_roota(root
, "/run/systemd/nspawn/incoming");
1909 r
= mount_verbose(LOG_ERR
, p
, q
, NULL
, MS_BIND
, NULL
);
1913 r
= mount_verbose(LOG_ERR
, NULL
, q
, NULL
, MS_BIND
|MS_REMOUNT
|MS_RDONLY
, NULL
);
1917 /* machined will MS_MOVE into that directory, and that's only
1918 * supported for non-shared mounts. */
1919 return mount_verbose(LOG_ERR
, NULL
, q
, NULL
, MS_SLAVE
, NULL
);
1922 static int setup_machine_id(const char *directory
) {
1923 const char *etc_machine_id
;
1927 /* If the UUID in the container is already set, then that's what counts, and we use. If it isn't set, and the
1928 * caller passed --uuid=, then we'll pass it in the $container_uuid env var to PID 1 of the container. The
1929 * assumption is that PID 1 will then write it to /etc/machine-id to make it persistent. If --uuid= is not
1930 * passed we generate a random UUID, and pass it via $container_uuid. In effect this means that /etc/machine-id
1931 * in the container and our idea of the container UUID will always be in sync (at least if PID 1 in the
1932 * container behaves nicely). */
1934 etc_machine_id
= prefix_roota(directory
, "/etc/machine-id");
1936 r
= id128_read(etc_machine_id
, ID128_PLAIN
, &id
);
1938 if (!IN_SET(r
, -ENOENT
, -ENOMEDIUM
)) /* If the file is missing or empty, we don't mind */
1939 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to read machine ID from container image: %m");
1941 if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid
)) {
1942 r
= sd_id128_randomize(&arg_uuid
);
1944 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to acquire randomized machine UUID: %m");
1947 if (sd_id128_is_null(id
)) {
1948 log_error("Machine ID in container image is zero, refusing.");
1958 static int recursive_chown(const char *directory
, uid_t shift
, uid_t range
) {
1963 if (arg_userns_mode
== USER_NAMESPACE_NO
|| !arg_userns_chown
)
1966 r
= path_patch_uid(directory
, arg_uid_shift
, arg_uid_range
);
1967 if (r
== -EOPNOTSUPP
)
1968 return log_error_errno(r
, "Automatic UID/GID adjusting is only supported for UID/GID ranges starting at multiples of 2^16 with a range of 2^16.");
1970 return log_error_errno(r
, "Upper 16 bits of root directory UID and GID do not match.");
1972 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to adjust UID/GID shift of OS tree: %m");
1974 log_debug("Root directory of image is already owned by the right UID/GID range, skipping recursive chown operation.");
1976 log_debug("Patched directory tree to match UID/GID range.");
1983 * < 0 : wait_for_terminate() failed to get the state of the
1984 * container, the container was terminated by a signal, or
1985 * failed for an unknown reason. No change is made to the
1986 * container argument.
1987 * > 0 : The program executed in the container terminated with an
1988 * error. The exit code of the program executed in the
1989 * container is returned. The container argument has been set
1990 * to CONTAINER_TERMINATED.
1991 * 0 : The container is being rebooted, has been shut down or exited
1992 * successfully. The container argument has been set to either
1993 * CONTAINER_TERMINATED or CONTAINER_REBOOTED.
1995 * That is, success is indicated by a return value of zero, and an
1996 * error is indicated by a non-zero value.
1998 static int wait_for_container(pid_t pid
, ContainerStatus
*container
) {
2002 r
= wait_for_terminate(pid
, &status
);
2004 return log_warning_errno(r
, "Failed to wait for container: %m");
2006 switch (status
.si_code
) {
2009 if (status
.si_status
== 0)
2010 log_full(arg_quiet
? LOG_DEBUG
: LOG_INFO
, "Container %s exited successfully.", arg_machine
);
2012 log_full(arg_quiet
? LOG_DEBUG
: LOG_INFO
, "Container %s failed with error code %i.", arg_machine
, status
.si_status
);
2014 *container
= CONTAINER_TERMINATED
;
2015 return status
.si_status
;
2018 if (status
.si_status
== SIGINT
) {
2019 log_full(arg_quiet
? LOG_DEBUG
: LOG_INFO
, "Container %s has been shut down.", arg_machine
);
2020 *container
= CONTAINER_TERMINATED
;
2023 } else if (status
.si_status
== SIGHUP
) {
2024 log_full(arg_quiet
? LOG_DEBUG
: LOG_INFO
, "Container %s is being rebooted.", arg_machine
);
2025 *container
= CONTAINER_REBOOTED
;
2031 log_error("Container %s terminated by signal %s.", arg_machine
, signal_to_string(status
.si_status
));
2035 log_error("Container %s failed due to unknown reason.", arg_machine
);
2040 static int on_orderly_shutdown(sd_event_source
*s
, const struct signalfd_siginfo
*si
, void *userdata
) {
2043 pid
= PTR_TO_PID(userdata
);
2045 if (kill(pid
, arg_kill_signal
) >= 0) {
2046 log_info("Trying to halt container. Send SIGTERM again to trigger immediate termination.");
2047 sd_event_source_set_userdata(s
, NULL
);
2052 sd_event_exit(sd_event_source_get_event(s
), 0);
2056 static int on_sigchld(sd_event_source
*s
, const struct signalfd_siginfo
*ssi
, void *userdata
) {
2062 pid
= PTR_TO_PID(userdata
);
2067 if (waitid(P_ALL
, 0, &si
, WNOHANG
|WNOWAIT
|WEXITED
) < 0)
2068 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to waitid(): %m");
2069 if (si
.si_pid
== 0) /* No pending children. */
2071 if (si
.si_pid
== pid
) {
2072 /* The main process we care for has exited. Return from
2073 * signal handler but leave the zombie. */
2074 sd_event_exit(sd_event_source_get_event(s
), 0);
2078 /* Reap all other children. */
2079 (void) waitid(P_PID
, si
.si_pid
, &si
, WNOHANG
|WEXITED
);
2085 static int on_request_stop(sd_bus_message
*m
, void *userdata
, sd_bus_error
*error
) {
2090 pid
= PTR_TO_PID(userdata
);
2092 if (arg_kill_signal
> 0) {
2093 log_info("Container termination requested. Attempting to halt container.");
2094 (void) kill(pid
, arg_kill_signal
);
2096 log_info("Container termination requested. Exiting.");
2097 sd_event_exit(sd_bus_get_event(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m
)), 0);
2103 static int determine_names(void) {
2106 if (arg_template
&& !arg_directory
&& arg_machine
) {
2108 /* If --template= was specified then we should not
2109 * search for a machine, but instead create a new one
2110 * in /var/lib/machine. */
2112 arg_directory
= strjoin("/var/lib/machines/", arg_machine
);
2117 if (!arg_image
&& !arg_directory
) {
2119 _cleanup_(image_unrefp
) Image
*i
= NULL
;
2121 r
= image_find(arg_machine
, &i
);
2123 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to find image for machine '%s': %m", arg_machine
);
2125 log_error("No image for machine '%s'.", arg_machine
);
2129 if (IN_SET(i
->type
, IMAGE_RAW
, IMAGE_BLOCK
))
2130 r
= free_and_strdup(&arg_image
, i
->path
);
2132 r
= free_and_strdup(&arg_directory
, i
->path
);
2137 arg_read_only
= arg_read_only
|| i
->read_only
;
2139 arg_directory
= get_current_dir_name();
2141 if (!arg_directory
&& !arg_image
) {
2142 log_error("Failed to determine path, please use -D or -i.");
2149 if (arg_directory
&& path_equal(arg_directory
, "/"))
2150 arg_machine
= gethostname_malloc();
2155 arg_machine
= strdup(basename(arg_image
));
2157 /* Truncate suffix if there is one */
2158 e
= endswith(arg_machine
, ".raw");
2162 arg_machine
= strdup(basename(arg_directory
));
2167 hostname_cleanup(arg_machine
);
2168 if (!machine_name_is_valid(arg_machine
)) {
2169 log_error("Failed to determine machine name automatically, please use -M.");
2173 if (arg_ephemeral
) {
2176 /* Add a random suffix when this is an
2177 * ephemeral machine, so that we can run many
2178 * instances at once without manually having
2179 * to specify -M each time. */
2181 if (asprintf(&b
, "%s-%016" PRIx64
, arg_machine
, random_u64()) < 0)
2192 static int chase_symlinks_and_update(char **p
, unsigned flags
) {
2201 r
= chase_symlinks(*p
, NULL
, flags
, &chased
);
2203 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to resolve path %s: %m", *p
);
2211 static int determine_uid_shift(const char *directory
) {
2214 if (arg_userns_mode
== USER_NAMESPACE_NO
) {
2219 if (arg_uid_shift
== UID_INVALID
) {
2222 r
= stat(directory
, &st
);
2224 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to determine UID base of %s: %m", directory
);
2226 arg_uid_shift
= st
.st_uid
& UINT32_C(0xffff0000);
2228 if (arg_uid_shift
!= (st
.st_gid
& UINT32_C(0xffff0000))) {
2229 log_error("UID and GID base of %s don't match.", directory
);
2233 arg_uid_range
= UINT32_C(0x10000);
2236 if (arg_uid_shift
> (uid_t
) -1 - arg_uid_range
) {
2237 log_error("UID base too high for UID range.");
2244 static int inner_child(
2246 const char *directory
,
2252 _cleanup_free_
char *home
= NULL
;
2255 const char *envp
[] = {
2256 "PATH=" DEFAULT_PATH_SPLIT_USR
,
2257 NULL
, /* container */
2262 NULL
, /* container_uuid */
2263 NULL
, /* LISTEN_FDS */
2264 NULL
, /* LISTEN_PID */
2265 NULL
, /* NOTIFY_SOCKET */
2268 const char *exec_target
;
2270 _cleanup_strv_free_
char **env_use
= NULL
;
2275 assert(kmsg_socket
>= 0);
2277 if (arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
) {
2278 /* Tell the parent, that it now can write the UID map. */
2279 (void) barrier_place(barrier
); /* #1 */
2281 /* Wait until the parent wrote the UID map */
2282 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier
)) { /* #2 */
2283 log_error("Parent died too early");
2288 r
= reset_uid_gid();
2290 return log_error_errno(r
, "Couldn't become new root: %m");
2293 arg_mount_settings
| MOUNT_IN_USERNS
,
2296 arg_selinux_apifs_context
);
2301 r
= mount_sysfs(NULL
, arg_mount_settings
);
2305 /* Wait until we are cgroup-ified, so that we
2306 * can mount the right cgroup path writable */
2307 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier
)) { /* #3 */
2308 log_error("Parent died too early");
2312 if (arg_use_cgns
&& cg_ns_supported()) {
2313 r
= unshare(CLONE_NEWCGROUP
);
2315 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to unshare cgroup namespace");
2318 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
,
2319 arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
,
2322 arg_selinux_apifs_context
,
2327 r
= mount_systemd_cgroup_writable("", arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
);
2332 r
= setup_boot_id(NULL
);
2336 r
= setup_kmsg(NULL
, kmsg_socket
);
2339 kmsg_socket
= safe_close(kmsg_socket
);
2344 return log_error_errno(errno
, "setsid() failed: %m");
2346 if (arg_private_network
)
2349 if (arg_expose_ports
) {
2350 r
= expose_port_send_rtnl(rtnl_socket
);
2353 rtnl_socket
= safe_close(rtnl_socket
);
2356 r
= drop_capabilities();
2358 return log_error_errno(r
, "drop_capabilities() failed: %m");
2362 if (arg_personality
!= PERSONALITY_INVALID
) {
2363 r
= safe_personality(arg_personality
);
2365 return log_error_errno(r
, "personality() failed: %m");
2366 } else if (secondary
) {
2367 r
= safe_personality(PER_LINUX32
);
2369 return log_error_errno(r
, "personality() failed: %m");
2373 if (arg_selinux_context
)
2374 if (setexeccon(arg_selinux_context
) < 0)
2375 return log_error_errno(errno
, "setexeccon(\"%s\") failed: %m", arg_selinux_context
);
2378 r
= change_uid_gid(arg_user
, &home
);
2382 /* LXC sets container=lxc, so follow the scheme here */
2383 envp
[n_env
++] = strjoina("container=", arg_container_service_name
);
2385 envp
[n_env
] = strv_find_prefix(environ
, "TERM=");
2389 if ((asprintf((char**)(envp
+ n_env
++), "HOME=%s", home
? home
: "/root") < 0) ||
2390 (asprintf((char**)(envp
+ n_env
++), "USER=%s", arg_user
? arg_user
: "root") < 0) ||
2391 (asprintf((char**)(envp
+ n_env
++), "LOGNAME=%s", arg_user
? arg_user
: "root") < 0))
2394 assert(!sd_id128_is_null(arg_uuid
));
2396 if (asprintf((char**)(envp
+ n_env
++), "container_uuid=%s", id128_to_uuid_string(arg_uuid
, as_uuid
)) < 0)
2399 if (fdset_size(fds
) > 0) {
2400 r
= fdset_cloexec(fds
, false);
2402 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to unset O_CLOEXEC for file descriptors.");
2404 if ((asprintf((char **)(envp
+ n_env
++), "LISTEN_FDS=%u", fdset_size(fds
)) < 0) ||
2405 (asprintf((char **)(envp
+ n_env
++), "LISTEN_PID=1") < 0))
2408 if (asprintf((char **)(envp
+ n_env
++), "NOTIFY_SOCKET=%s", NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH
) < 0)
2411 env_use
= strv_env_merge(2, envp
, arg_setenv
);
2415 /* Let the parent know that we are ready and
2416 * wait until the parent is ready with the
2418 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(barrier
)) { /* #4 */
2419 log_error("Parent died too early");
2424 if (chdir(arg_chdir
) < 0)
2425 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to change to specified working directory %s: %m", arg_chdir
);
2427 if (arg_start_mode
== START_PID2
) {
2428 r
= stub_pid1(arg_uuid
);
2433 /* Now, explicitly close the log, so that we
2434 * then can close all remaining fds. Closing
2435 * the log explicitly first has the benefit
2436 * that the logging subsystem knows about it,
2437 * and is thus ready to be reopened should we
2438 * need it again. Note that the other fds
2439 * closed here are at least the locking and
2442 (void) fdset_close_others(fds
);
2444 if (arg_start_mode
== START_BOOT
) {
2448 /* Automatically search for the init system */
2450 m
= strv_length(arg_parameters
);
2451 a
= newa(char*, m
+ 2);
2452 memcpy_safe(a
+ 1, arg_parameters
, m
* sizeof(char*));
2455 a
[0] = (char*) "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd";
2456 execve(a
[0], a
, env_use
);
2458 a
[0] = (char*) "/lib/systemd/systemd";
2459 execve(a
[0], a
, env_use
);
2461 a
[0] = (char*) "/sbin/init";
2462 execve(a
[0], a
, env_use
);
2464 exec_target
= "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd, /lib/systemd/systemd, /sbin/init";
2465 } else if (!strv_isempty(arg_parameters
)) {
2466 exec_target
= arg_parameters
[0];
2467 execvpe(arg_parameters
[0], arg_parameters
, env_use
);
2470 /* If we cannot change the directory, we'll end up in /, that is expected. */
2471 (void) chdir(home
?: "/root");
2473 execle("/bin/bash", "-bash", NULL
, env_use
);
2474 execle("/bin/sh", "-sh", NULL
, env_use
);
2476 exec_target
= "/bin/bash, /bin/sh";
2481 return log_error_errno(r
, "execv(%s) failed: %m", exec_target
);
2484 static int setup_sd_notify_child(void) {
2485 static const int one
= 1;
2487 union sockaddr_union sa
= {
2488 .sa
.sa_family
= AF_UNIX
,
2492 fd
= socket(AF_UNIX
, SOCK_DGRAM
|SOCK_CLOEXEC
|SOCK_NONBLOCK
, 0);
2494 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
2496 (void) mkdir_parents(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH
, 0755);
2497 (void) unlink(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH
);
2499 strncpy(sa
.un
.sun_path
, NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH
, sizeof(sa
.un
.sun_path
)-1);
2500 r
= bind(fd
, &sa
.sa
, SOCKADDR_UN_LEN(sa
.un
));
2503 return log_error_errno(errno
, "bind(%s) failed: %m", sa
.un
.sun_path
);
2506 r
= userns_lchown(NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH
, 0, 0);
2509 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to chown " NSPAWN_NOTIFY_SOCKET_PATH
": %m");
2512 r
= setsockopt(fd
, SOL_SOCKET
, SO_PASSCRED
, &one
, sizeof(one
));
2515 return log_error_errno(errno
, "SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
2521 static int outer_child(
2523 const char *directory
,
2524 const char *console
,
2525 DissectedImage
*dissected_image
,
2533 int uid_shift_socket
,
2534 int unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket
,
2540 _cleanup_close_
int fd
= -1;
2545 assert(pid_socket
>= 0);
2546 assert(uuid_socket
>= 0);
2547 assert(notify_socket
>= 0);
2548 assert(kmsg_socket
>= 0);
2550 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG
, SIGKILL
) < 0)
2551 return log_error_errno(errno
, "PR_SET_PDEATHSIG failed: %m");
2554 close_nointr(STDIN_FILENO
);
2555 close_nointr(STDOUT_FILENO
);
2556 close_nointr(STDERR_FILENO
);
2558 r
= open_terminal(console
, O_RDWR
);
2559 if (r
!= STDIN_FILENO
) {
2565 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to open console: %m");
2568 if (dup2(STDIN_FILENO
, STDOUT_FILENO
) != STDOUT_FILENO
||
2569 dup2(STDIN_FILENO
, STDERR_FILENO
) != STDERR_FILENO
)
2570 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to duplicate console: %m");
2573 r
= reset_audit_loginuid();
2577 /* Mark everything as slave, so that we still
2578 * receive mounts from the real root, but don't
2579 * propagate mounts to the real root. */
2580 r
= mount_verbose(LOG_ERR
, NULL
, "/", NULL
, MS_SLAVE
|MS_REC
, NULL
);
2584 if (dissected_image
) {
2585 /* If we are operating on a disk image, then mount its root directory now, but leave out the rest. We
2586 * can read the UID shift from it if we need to. Further down we'll mount the rest, but then with the
2587 * uid shift known. That way we can mount VFAT file systems shifted to the right place right away. This
2588 * makes sure ESP partitions and userns are compatible. */
2590 r
= dissected_image_mount(dissected_image
, directory
, arg_uid_shift
,
2591 DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_ROOT_ONLY
|DISSECT_IMAGE_DISCARD_ON_LOOP
|(arg_read_only
? DISSECT_IMAGE_READ_ONLY
: 0));
2596 r
= determine_uid_shift(directory
);
2600 if (arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
) {
2601 /* Let the parent know which UID shift we read from the image */
2602 l
= send(uid_shift_socket
, &arg_uid_shift
, sizeof(arg_uid_shift
), MSG_NOSIGNAL
);
2604 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to send UID shift: %m");
2605 if (l
!= sizeof(arg_uid_shift
)) {
2606 log_error("Short write while sending UID shift.");
2610 if (arg_userns_mode
== USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
) {
2611 /* When we are supposed to pick the UID shift, the parent will check now whether the UID shift
2612 * we just read from the image is available. If yes, it will send the UID shift back to us, if
2613 * not it will pick a different one, and send it back to us. */
2615 l
= recv(uid_shift_socket
, &arg_uid_shift
, sizeof(arg_uid_shift
), 0);
2617 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to recv UID shift: %m");
2618 if (l
!= sizeof(arg_uid_shift
)) {
2619 log_error("Short read while receiving UID shift.");
2624 log_info("Selected user namespace base " UID_FMT
" and range " UID_FMT
".", arg_uid_shift
, arg_uid_range
);
2627 if (dissected_image
) {
2628 /* Now we know the uid shift, let's now mount everything else that might be in the image. */
2629 r
= dissected_image_mount(dissected_image
, directory
, arg_uid_shift
,
2630 DISSECT_IMAGE_MOUNT_NON_ROOT_ONLY
|DISSECT_IMAGE_DISCARD_ON_LOOP
|(arg_read_only
? DISSECT_IMAGE_READ_ONLY
: 0));
2635 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
== CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN
) {
2636 /* OK, we don't know yet which cgroup mode to use yet. Let's figure it out, and tell the parent. */
2638 r
= detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_image(directory
);
2642 l
= send(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket
, &arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
, sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
), MSG_NOSIGNAL
);
2644 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to send cgroup mode: %m");
2645 if (l
!= sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
)) {
2646 log_error("Short write while sending cgroup mode: %m");
2650 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket
= safe_close(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket
);
2653 /* Turn directory into bind mount */
2654 r
= mount_verbose(LOG_ERR
, directory
, directory
, NULL
, MS_BIND
|MS_REC
, NULL
);
2658 r
= setup_pivot_root(
2661 arg_pivot_root_old
);
2668 arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
,
2671 arg_selinux_context
);
2675 r
= setup_volatile_state(
2678 arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
,
2681 arg_selinux_context
);
2685 /* Mark everything as shared so our mounts get propagated down. This is
2686 * required to make new bind mounts available in systemd services
2687 * inside the containter that create a new mount namespace.
2688 * See https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3860
2689 * Further submounts (such as /dev) done after this will inherit the
2690 * shared propagation mode. */
2691 r
= mount_verbose(LOG_ERR
, NULL
, directory
, NULL
, MS_SHARED
|MS_REC
, NULL
);
2695 r
= recursive_chown(directory
, arg_uid_shift
, arg_uid_range
);
2699 r
= base_filesystem_create(directory
, arg_uid_shift
, (gid_t
) arg_uid_shift
);
2703 if (arg_read_only
) {
2704 r
= bind_remount_recursive(directory
, true, NULL
);
2706 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to make tree read-only: %m");
2709 r
= mount_all(directory
,
2713 arg_selinux_apifs_context
);
2717 r
= copy_devnodes(directory
);
2721 dev_setup(directory
, arg_uid_shift
, arg_uid_shift
);
2723 r
= setup_pts(directory
);
2727 r
= setup_propagate(directory
);
2731 r
= setup_dev_console(directory
, console
);
2735 r
= setup_keyring();
2739 r
= setup_seccomp(arg_caps_retain
, arg_syscall_whitelist
, arg_syscall_blacklist
);
2743 r
= setup_timezone(directory
);
2747 r
= setup_resolv_conf(directory
);
2751 r
= setup_machine_id(directory
);
2755 r
= setup_journal(directory
);
2762 arg_n_custom_mounts
,
2763 arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
,
2766 arg_selinux_apifs_context
);
2770 if (!arg_use_cgns
|| !cg_ns_supported()) {
2773 arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
,
2774 arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
,
2777 arg_selinux_apifs_context
,
2783 r
= mount_move_root(directory
);
2785 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to move root directory: %m");
2787 fd
= setup_sd_notify_child();
2791 pid
= raw_clone(SIGCHLD
|CLONE_NEWNS
|
2792 arg_clone_ns_flags
|
2793 (arg_private_network
? CLONE_NEWNET
: 0) |
2794 (arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
? CLONE_NEWUSER
: 0));
2796 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to fork inner child: %m");
2798 pid_socket
= safe_close(pid_socket
);
2799 uuid_socket
= safe_close(uuid_socket
);
2800 notify_socket
= safe_close(notify_socket
);
2801 uid_shift_socket
= safe_close(uid_shift_socket
);
2803 /* The inner child has all namespaces that are
2804 * requested, so that we all are owned by the user if
2805 * user namespaces are turned on. */
2807 r
= inner_child(barrier
, directory
, secondary
, kmsg_socket
, rtnl_socket
, fds
);
2809 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE
);
2811 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS
);
2814 l
= send(pid_socket
, &pid
, sizeof(pid
), MSG_NOSIGNAL
);
2816 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to send PID: %m");
2817 if (l
!= sizeof(pid
)) {
2818 log_error("Short write while sending PID.");
2822 l
= send(uuid_socket
, &arg_uuid
, sizeof(arg_uuid
), MSG_NOSIGNAL
);
2824 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to send machine ID: %m");
2825 if (l
!= sizeof(arg_uuid
)) {
2826 log_error("Short write while sending machine ID.");
2830 l
= send_one_fd(notify_socket
, fd
, 0);
2832 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to send notify fd: %m");
2834 pid_socket
= safe_close(pid_socket
);
2835 uuid_socket
= safe_close(uuid_socket
);
2836 notify_socket
= safe_close(notify_socket
);
2837 kmsg_socket
= safe_close(kmsg_socket
);
2838 rtnl_socket
= safe_close(rtnl_socket
);
2843 static int uid_shift_pick(uid_t
*shift
, LockFile
*ret_lock_file
) {
2844 bool tried_hashed
= false;
2845 unsigned n_tries
= 100;
2850 assert(ret_lock_file
);
2851 assert(arg_userns_mode
== USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
);
2852 assert(arg_uid_range
== 0x10000U
);
2856 (void) mkdir("/run/systemd/nspawn-uid", 0755);
2859 char lock_path
[strlen("/run/systemd/nspawn-uid/") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t
) + 1];
2860 _cleanup_release_lock_file_ LockFile lf
= LOCK_FILE_INIT
;
2865 if (candidate
< CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN
|| candidate
> CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MAX
)
2867 if ((candidate
& UINT32_C(0xFFFF)) != 0)
2870 xsprintf(lock_path
, "/run/systemd/nspawn-uid/" UID_FMT
, candidate
);
2871 r
= make_lock_file(lock_path
, LOCK_EX
|LOCK_NB
, &lf
);
2872 if (r
== -EBUSY
) /* Range already taken by another nspawn instance */
2877 /* Make some superficial checks whether the range is currently known in the user database */
2878 if (getpwuid(candidate
))
2880 if (getpwuid(candidate
+ UINT32_C(0xFFFE)))
2882 if (getgrgid(candidate
))
2884 if (getgrgid(candidate
+ UINT32_C(0xFFFE)))
2887 *ret_lock_file
= lf
;
2888 lf
= (struct LockFile
) LOCK_FILE_INIT
;
2893 if (arg_machine
&& !tried_hashed
) {
2894 /* Try to hash the base from the container name */
2896 static const uint8_t hash_key
[] = {
2897 0xe1, 0x56, 0xe0, 0xf0, 0x4a, 0xf0, 0x41, 0xaf,
2898 0x96, 0x41, 0xcf, 0x41, 0x33, 0x94, 0xff, 0x72
2901 candidate
= (uid_t
) siphash24(arg_machine
, strlen(arg_machine
), hash_key
);
2903 tried_hashed
= true;
2905 random_bytes(&candidate
, sizeof(candidate
));
2907 candidate
= (candidate
% (CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MAX
- CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN
)) + CONTAINER_UID_BASE_MIN
;
2908 candidate
&= (uid_t
) UINT32_C(0xFFFF0000);
2912 static int setup_uid_map(pid_t pid
) {
2913 char uid_map
[strlen("/proc//uid_map") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t
) + 1], line
[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t
)*3+3+1];
2918 xsprintf(uid_map
, "/proc/" PID_FMT
"/uid_map", pid
);
2919 xsprintf(line
, UID_FMT
" " UID_FMT
" " UID_FMT
"\n", 0, arg_uid_shift
, arg_uid_range
);
2920 r
= write_string_file(uid_map
, line
, 0);
2922 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to write UID map: %m");
2924 /* We always assign the same UID and GID ranges */
2925 xsprintf(uid_map
, "/proc/" PID_FMT
"/gid_map", pid
);
2926 r
= write_string_file(uid_map
, line
, 0);
2928 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to write GID map: %m");
2933 static int nspawn_dispatch_notify_fd(sd_event_source
*source
, int fd
, uint32_t revents
, void *userdata
) {
2934 char buf
[NOTIFY_BUFFER_MAX
+1];
2936 struct iovec iovec
= {
2938 .iov_len
= sizeof(buf
)-1,
2941 struct cmsghdr cmsghdr
;
2942 uint8_t buf
[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred
)) +
2943 CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int) * NOTIFY_FD_MAX
)];
2945 struct msghdr msghdr
= {
2948 .msg_control
= &control
,
2949 .msg_controllen
= sizeof(control
),
2951 struct cmsghdr
*cmsg
;
2952 struct ucred
*ucred
= NULL
;
2954 pid_t inner_child_pid
;
2955 _cleanup_strv_free_
char **tags
= NULL
;
2959 inner_child_pid
= PTR_TO_PID(userdata
);
2961 if (revents
!= EPOLLIN
) {
2962 log_warning("Got unexpected poll event for notify fd.");
2966 n
= recvmsg(fd
, &msghdr
, MSG_DONTWAIT
|MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC
);
2968 if (IN_SET(errno
, EAGAIN
, EINTR
))
2971 return log_warning_errno(errno
, "Couldn't read notification socket: %m");
2973 cmsg_close_all(&msghdr
);
2975 CMSG_FOREACH(cmsg
, &msghdr
) {
2976 if (cmsg
->cmsg_level
== SOL_SOCKET
&&
2977 cmsg
->cmsg_type
== SCM_CREDENTIALS
&&
2978 cmsg
->cmsg_len
== CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred
))) {
2980 ucred
= (struct ucred
*) CMSG_DATA(cmsg
);
2984 if (!ucred
|| ucred
->pid
!= inner_child_pid
) {
2985 log_debug("Received notify message without valid credentials. Ignoring.");
2989 if ((size_t) n
>= sizeof(buf
)) {
2990 log_warning("Received notify message exceeded maximum size. Ignoring.");
2995 tags
= strv_split(buf
, "\n\r");
2999 if (strv_find(tags
, "READY=1"))
3000 sd_notifyf(false, "READY=1\n");
3002 p
= strv_find_startswith(tags
, "STATUS=");
3004 sd_notifyf(false, "STATUS=Container running: %s", p
);
3009 static int setup_sd_notify_parent(sd_event
*event
, int fd
, pid_t
*inner_child_pid
, sd_event_source
**notify_event_source
) {
3012 r
= sd_event_add_io(event
, notify_event_source
, fd
, EPOLLIN
, nspawn_dispatch_notify_fd
, inner_child_pid
);
3014 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to allocate notify event source: %m");
3016 (void) sd_event_source_set_description(*notify_event_source
, "nspawn-notify");
3021 static int load_settings(void) {
3022 _cleanup_(settings_freep
) Settings
*settings
= NULL
;
3023 _cleanup_fclose_
FILE *f
= NULL
;
3024 _cleanup_free_
char *p
= NULL
;
3028 /* If all settings are masked, there's no point in looking for
3029 * the settings file */
3030 if ((arg_settings_mask
& _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL
) == _SETTINGS_MASK_ALL
)
3033 fn
= strjoina(arg_machine
, ".nspawn");
3035 /* We first look in the admin's directories in /etc and /run */
3036 FOREACH_STRING(i
, "/etc/systemd/nspawn", "/run/systemd/nspawn") {
3037 _cleanup_free_
char *j
= NULL
;
3039 j
= strjoin(i
, "/", fn
);
3048 /* By default, we trust configuration from /etc and /run */
3049 if (arg_settings_trusted
< 0)
3050 arg_settings_trusted
= true;
3055 if (errno
!= ENOENT
)
3056 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to open %s: %m", j
);
3060 /* After that, let's look for a file next to the
3061 * actual image we shall boot. */
3064 p
= file_in_same_dir(arg_image
, fn
);
3067 } else if (arg_directory
) {
3068 p
= file_in_same_dir(arg_directory
, fn
);
3075 if (!f
&& errno
!= ENOENT
)
3076 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to open %s: %m", p
);
3078 /* By default, we do not trust configuration from /var/lib/machines */
3079 if (arg_settings_trusted
< 0)
3080 arg_settings_trusted
= false;
3087 log_debug("Settings are trusted: %s", yes_no(arg_settings_trusted
));
3089 r
= settings_load(f
, p
, &settings
);
3093 /* Copy over bits from the settings, unless they have been
3094 * explicitly masked by command line switches. */
3096 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_START_MODE
) == 0 &&
3097 settings
->start_mode
>= 0) {
3098 arg_start_mode
= settings
->start_mode
;
3100 strv_free(arg_parameters
);
3101 arg_parameters
= settings
->parameters
;
3102 settings
->parameters
= NULL
;
3105 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_PIVOT_ROOT
) == 0 &&
3106 settings
->pivot_root_new
) {
3107 free_and_replace(arg_pivot_root_new
, settings
->pivot_root_new
);
3108 free_and_replace(arg_pivot_root_old
, settings
->pivot_root_old
);
3111 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_WORKING_DIRECTORY
) == 0 &&
3112 settings
->working_directory
) {
3114 arg_chdir
= settings
->working_directory
;
3115 settings
->working_directory
= NULL
;
3118 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_ENVIRONMENT
) == 0 &&
3119 settings
->environment
) {
3120 strv_free(arg_setenv
);
3121 arg_setenv
= settings
->environment
;
3122 settings
->environment
= NULL
;
3125 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_USER
) == 0 &&
3128 arg_user
= settings
->user
;
3129 settings
->user
= NULL
;
3132 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_CAPABILITY
) == 0) {
3135 plus
= settings
->capability
;
3136 if (settings_private_network(settings
))
3137 plus
|= (1ULL << CAP_NET_ADMIN
);
3139 if (!arg_settings_trusted
&& plus
!= 0) {
3140 if (settings
->capability
!= 0)
3141 log_warning("Ignoring Capability= setting, file %s is not trusted.", p
);
3143 arg_caps_retain
|= plus
;
3145 arg_caps_retain
&= ~settings
->drop_capability
;
3148 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_KILL_SIGNAL
) == 0 &&
3149 settings
->kill_signal
> 0)
3150 arg_kill_signal
= settings
->kill_signal
;
3152 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_PERSONALITY
) == 0 &&
3153 settings
->personality
!= PERSONALITY_INVALID
)
3154 arg_personality
= settings
->personality
;
3156 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_MACHINE_ID
) == 0 &&
3157 !sd_id128_is_null(settings
->machine_id
)) {
3159 if (!arg_settings_trusted
)
3160 log_warning("Ignoring MachineID= setting, file %s is not trusted.", p
);
3162 arg_uuid
= settings
->machine_id
;
3165 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_READ_ONLY
) == 0 &&
3166 settings
->read_only
>= 0)
3167 arg_read_only
= settings
->read_only
;
3169 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_VOLATILE_MODE
) == 0 &&
3170 settings
->volatile_mode
!= _VOLATILE_MODE_INVALID
)
3171 arg_volatile_mode
= settings
->volatile_mode
;
3173 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_CUSTOM_MOUNTS
) == 0 &&
3174 settings
->n_custom_mounts
> 0) {
3176 if (!arg_settings_trusted
)
3177 log_warning("Ignoring TemporaryFileSystem=, Bind= and BindReadOnly= settings, file %s is not trusted.", p
);
3179 custom_mount_free_all(arg_custom_mounts
, arg_n_custom_mounts
);
3180 arg_custom_mounts
= settings
->custom_mounts
;
3181 arg_n_custom_mounts
= settings
->n_custom_mounts
;
3183 settings
->custom_mounts
= NULL
;
3184 settings
->n_custom_mounts
= 0;
3188 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_NETWORK
) == 0 &&
3189 (settings
->private_network
>= 0 ||
3190 settings
->network_veth
>= 0 ||
3191 settings
->network_bridge
||
3192 settings
->network_zone
||
3193 settings
->network_interfaces
||
3194 settings
->network_macvlan
||
3195 settings
->network_ipvlan
||
3196 settings
->network_veth_extra
)) {
3198 if (!arg_settings_trusted
)
3199 log_warning("Ignoring network settings, file %s is not trusted.", p
);
3201 arg_network_veth
= settings_network_veth(settings
);
3202 arg_private_network
= settings_private_network(settings
);
3204 strv_free(arg_network_interfaces
);
3205 arg_network_interfaces
= settings
->network_interfaces
;
3206 settings
->network_interfaces
= NULL
;
3208 strv_free(arg_network_macvlan
);
3209 arg_network_macvlan
= settings
->network_macvlan
;
3210 settings
->network_macvlan
= NULL
;
3212 strv_free(arg_network_ipvlan
);
3213 arg_network_ipvlan
= settings
->network_ipvlan
;
3214 settings
->network_ipvlan
= NULL
;
3216 strv_free(arg_network_veth_extra
);
3217 arg_network_veth_extra
= settings
->network_veth_extra
;
3218 settings
->network_veth_extra
= NULL
;
3220 free(arg_network_bridge
);
3221 arg_network_bridge
= settings
->network_bridge
;
3222 settings
->network_bridge
= NULL
;
3224 free(arg_network_zone
);
3225 arg_network_zone
= settings
->network_zone
;
3226 settings
->network_zone
= NULL
;
3230 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_EXPOSE_PORTS
) == 0 &&
3231 settings
->expose_ports
) {
3233 if (!arg_settings_trusted
)
3234 log_warning("Ignoring Port= setting, file %s is not trusted.", p
);
3236 expose_port_free_all(arg_expose_ports
);
3237 arg_expose_ports
= settings
->expose_ports
;
3238 settings
->expose_ports
= NULL
;
3242 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_USERNS
) == 0 &&
3243 settings
->userns_mode
!= _USER_NAMESPACE_MODE_INVALID
) {
3245 if (!arg_settings_trusted
)
3246 log_warning("Ignoring PrivateUsers= and PrivateUsersChown= settings, file %s is not trusted.", p
);
3248 arg_userns_mode
= settings
->userns_mode
;
3249 arg_uid_shift
= settings
->uid_shift
;
3250 arg_uid_range
= settings
->uid_range
;
3251 arg_userns_chown
= settings
->userns_chown
;
3255 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_NOTIFY_READY
) == 0)
3256 arg_notify_ready
= settings
->notify_ready
;
3258 if ((arg_settings_mask
& SETTING_SYSCALL_FILTER
) == 0) {
3260 if (!arg_settings_trusted
&& !strv_isempty(arg_syscall_whitelist
))
3261 log_warning("Ignoring SystemCallFilter= settings, file %s is not trusted.", p
);
3263 strv_free(arg_syscall_whitelist
);
3264 strv_free(arg_syscall_blacklist
);
3266 arg_syscall_whitelist
= settings
->syscall_whitelist
;
3267 arg_syscall_blacklist
= settings
->syscall_blacklist
;
3269 settings
->syscall_whitelist
= settings
->syscall_blacklist
= NULL
;
3276 static int run(int master
,
3277 const char* console
,
3278 DissectedImage
*dissected_image
,
3282 char veth_name
[IFNAMSIZ
], bool *veth_created
,
3283 union in_addr_union
*exposed
,
3284 pid_t
*pid
, int *ret
) {
3286 static const struct sigaction sa
= {
3287 .sa_handler
= nop_signal_handler
,
3288 .sa_flags
= SA_NOCLDSTOP
|SA_RESTART
,
3291 _cleanup_release_lock_file_ LockFile uid_shift_lock
= LOCK_FILE_INIT
;
3292 _cleanup_close_
int etc_passwd_lock
= -1;
3293 _cleanup_close_pair_
int
3294 kmsg_socket_pair
[2] = { -1, -1 },
3295 rtnl_socket_pair
[2] = { -1, -1 },
3296 pid_socket_pair
[2] = { -1, -1 },
3297 uuid_socket_pair
[2] = { -1, -1 },
3298 notify_socket_pair
[2] = { -1, -1 },
3299 uid_shift_socket_pair
[2] = { -1, -1 },
3300 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair
[2] = { -1, -1};
3302 _cleanup_close_
int notify_socket
= -1;
3303 _cleanup_(barrier_destroy
) Barrier barrier
= BARRIER_NULL
;
3304 _cleanup_(sd_event_source_unrefp
) sd_event_source
*notify_event_source
= NULL
;
3305 _cleanup_(sd_event_unrefp
) sd_event
*event
= NULL
;
3306 _cleanup_(pty_forward_freep
) PTYForward
*forward
= NULL
;
3307 _cleanup_(sd_netlink_unrefp
) sd_netlink
*rtnl
= NULL
;
3308 _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp
) sd_bus
*bus
= NULL
;
3309 ContainerStatus container_status
= 0;
3315 assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask_chld
) == 0);
3316 assert_se(sigaddset(&mask_chld
, SIGCHLD
) == 0);
3318 if (arg_userns_mode
== USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
) {
3319 /* When we shall pick the UID/GID range, let's first lock /etc/passwd, so that we can safely
3320 * check with getpwuid() if the specific user already exists. Note that /etc might be
3321 * read-only, in which case this will fail with EROFS. But that's really OK, as in that case we
3322 * can be reasonably sure that no users are going to be added. Note that getpwuid() checks are
3323 * really just an extra safety net. We kinda assume that the UID range we allocate from is
3326 etc_passwd_lock
= take_etc_passwd_lock(NULL
);
3327 if (etc_passwd_lock
< 0 && etc_passwd_lock
!= -EROFS
)
3328 return log_error_errno(etc_passwd_lock
, "Failed to take /etc/passwd lock: %m");
3331 r
= barrier_create(&barrier
);
3333 return log_error_errno(r
, "Cannot initialize IPC barrier: %m");
3335 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX
, SOCK_SEQPACKET
|SOCK_CLOEXEC
, 0, kmsg_socket_pair
) < 0)
3336 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to create kmsg socket pair: %m");
3338 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX
, SOCK_SEQPACKET
|SOCK_CLOEXEC
, 0, rtnl_socket_pair
) < 0)
3339 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to create rtnl socket pair: %m");
3341 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX
, SOCK_SEQPACKET
|SOCK_CLOEXEC
, 0, pid_socket_pair
) < 0)
3342 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to create pid socket pair: %m");
3344 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX
, SOCK_SEQPACKET
|SOCK_CLOEXEC
, 0, uuid_socket_pair
) < 0)
3345 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to create id socket pair: %m");
3347 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX
, SOCK_SEQPACKET
|SOCK_CLOEXEC
, 0, notify_socket_pair
) < 0)
3348 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to create notify socket pair: %m");
3350 if (arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
)
3351 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX
, SOCK_SEQPACKET
|SOCK_CLOEXEC
, 0, uid_shift_socket_pair
) < 0)
3352 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to create uid shift socket pair: %m");
3354 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
== CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN
)
3355 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX
, SOCK_SEQPACKET
|SOCK_CLOEXEC
, 0, unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair
) < 0)
3356 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to create unified cgroup socket pair: %m");
3358 /* Child can be killed before execv(), so handle SIGCHLD in order to interrupt
3359 * parent's blocking calls and give it a chance to call wait() and terminate. */
3360 r
= sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK
, &mask_chld
, NULL
);
3362 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to change the signal mask: %m");
3364 r
= sigaction(SIGCHLD
, &sa
, NULL
);
3366 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to install SIGCHLD handler: %m");
3368 *pid
= raw_clone(SIGCHLD
|CLONE_NEWNS
);
3370 return log_error_errno(errno
, "clone() failed%s: %m",
3372 ", do you have namespace support enabled in your kernel? (You need UTS, IPC, PID and NET namespacing built in)" : "");
3375 /* The outer child only has a file system namespace. */
3376 barrier_set_role(&barrier
, BARRIER_CHILD
);
3378 master
= safe_close(master
);
3380 kmsg_socket_pair
[0] = safe_close(kmsg_socket_pair
[0]);
3381 rtnl_socket_pair
[0] = safe_close(rtnl_socket_pair
[0]);
3382 pid_socket_pair
[0] = safe_close(pid_socket_pair
[0]);
3383 uuid_socket_pair
[0] = safe_close(uuid_socket_pair
[0]);
3384 notify_socket_pair
[0] = safe_close(notify_socket_pair
[0]);
3385 uid_shift_socket_pair
[0] = safe_close(uid_shift_socket_pair
[0]);
3386 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair
[0] = safe_close(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair
[0]);
3388 (void) reset_all_signal_handlers();
3389 (void) reset_signal_mask();
3391 r
= outer_child(&barrier
,
3398 uuid_socket_pair
[1],
3399 notify_socket_pair
[1],
3400 kmsg_socket_pair
[1],
3401 rtnl_socket_pair
[1],
3402 uid_shift_socket_pair
[1],
3403 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair
[1],
3406 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE
);
3408 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS
);
3411 barrier_set_role(&barrier
, BARRIER_PARENT
);
3413 fds
= fdset_free(fds
);
3415 kmsg_socket_pair
[1] = safe_close(kmsg_socket_pair
[1]);
3416 rtnl_socket_pair
[1] = safe_close(rtnl_socket_pair
[1]);
3417 pid_socket_pair
[1] = safe_close(pid_socket_pair
[1]);
3418 uuid_socket_pair
[1] = safe_close(uuid_socket_pair
[1]);
3419 notify_socket_pair
[1] = safe_close(notify_socket_pair
[1]);
3420 uid_shift_socket_pair
[1] = safe_close(uid_shift_socket_pair
[1]);
3421 unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair
[1] = safe_close(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair
[1]);
3423 if (arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
) {
3424 /* The child just let us know the UID shift it might have read from the image. */
3425 l
= recv(uid_shift_socket_pair
[0], &arg_uid_shift
, sizeof arg_uid_shift
, 0);
3427 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to read UID shift: %m");
3428 if (l
!= sizeof arg_uid_shift
) {
3429 log_error("Short read while reading UID shift.");
3433 if (arg_userns_mode
== USER_NAMESPACE_PICK
) {
3434 /* If we are supposed to pick the UID shift, let's try to use the shift read from the
3435 * image, but if that's already in use, pick a new one, and report back to the child,
3436 * which one we now picked. */
3438 r
= uid_shift_pick(&arg_uid_shift
, &uid_shift_lock
);
3440 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to pick suitable UID/GID range: %m");
3442 l
= send(uid_shift_socket_pair
[0], &arg_uid_shift
, sizeof arg_uid_shift
, MSG_NOSIGNAL
);
3444 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to send UID shift: %m");
3445 if (l
!= sizeof arg_uid_shift
) {
3446 log_error("Short write while writing UID shift.");
3452 if (arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
== CGROUP_UNIFIED_UNKNOWN
) {
3453 /* The child let us know the support cgroup mode it might have read from the image. */
3454 l
= recv(unified_cgroup_hierarchy_socket_pair
[0], &arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
, sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
), 0);
3456 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to read cgroup mode: %m");
3457 if (l
!= sizeof(arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
)) {
3458 log_error("Short read while reading cgroup mode.");
3463 /* Wait for the outer child. */
3464 r
= wait_for_terminate_and_warn("namespace helper", *pid
, NULL
);
3466 return r
< 0 ? r
: -EIO
;
3468 /* And now retrieve the PID of the inner child. */
3469 l
= recv(pid_socket_pair
[0], pid
, sizeof *pid
, 0);
3471 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to read inner child PID: %m");
3472 if (l
!= sizeof *pid
) {
3473 log_error("Short read while reading inner child PID.");
3477 /* We also retrieve container UUID in case it was generated by outer child */
3478 l
= recv(uuid_socket_pair
[0], &arg_uuid
, sizeof arg_uuid
, 0);
3480 return log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to read container machine ID: %m");
3481 if (l
!= sizeof(arg_uuid
)) {
3482 log_error("Short read while reading container machined ID.");
3486 /* We also retrieve the socket used for notifications generated by outer child */
3487 notify_socket
= receive_one_fd(notify_socket_pair
[0], 0);
3488 if (notify_socket
< 0)
3489 return log_error_errno(notify_socket
,
3490 "Failed to receive notification socket from the outer child: %m");
3492 log_debug("Init process invoked as PID "PID_FMT
, *pid
);
3494 if (arg_userns_mode
!= USER_NAMESPACE_NO
) {
3495 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier
)) { /* #1 */
3496 log_error("Child died too early.");
3500 r
= setup_uid_map(*pid
);
3504 (void) barrier_place(&barrier
); /* #2 */
3507 if (arg_private_network
) {
3509 r
= move_network_interfaces(*pid
, arg_network_interfaces
);
3513 if (arg_network_veth
) {
3514 r
= setup_veth(arg_machine
, *pid
, veth_name
,
3515 arg_network_bridge
|| arg_network_zone
);
3521 if (arg_network_bridge
) {
3522 /* Add the interface to a bridge */
3523 r
= setup_bridge(veth_name
, arg_network_bridge
, false);
3528 } else if (arg_network_zone
) {
3529 /* Add the interface to a bridge, possibly creating it */
3530 r
= setup_bridge(veth_name
, arg_network_zone
, true);
3538 r
= setup_veth_extra(arg_machine
, *pid
, arg_network_veth_extra
);
3542 /* We created the primary and extra veth links now; let's remember this, so that we know to
3543 remove them later on. Note that we don't bother with removing veth links that were created
3544 here when their setup failed half-way, because in that case the kernel should be able to
3545 remove them on its own, since they cannot be referenced by anything yet. */
3546 *veth_created
= true;
3548 r
= setup_macvlan(arg_machine
, *pid
, arg_network_macvlan
);
3552 r
= setup_ipvlan(arg_machine
, *pid
, arg_network_ipvlan
);
3557 if (arg_register
|| !arg_keep_unit
) {
3558 r
= sd_bus_default_system(&bus
);
3560 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to open system bus: %m");
3563 if (!arg_keep_unit
) {
3564 /* When a new scope is created for this container, then we'll be registered as its controller, in which
3565 * case PID 1 will send us a friendly RequestStop signal, when it is asked to terminate the
3566 * scope. Let's hook into that, and cleanly shut down the container, and print a friendly message. */
3568 r
= sd_bus_add_match(bus
, NULL
,
3570 "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
3571 "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Scope',"
3572 "member='RequestStop'",
3573 on_request_stop
, PID_TO_PTR(*pid
));
3575 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to install request stop match: %m");
3580 r
= register_machine(
3588 arg_custom_mounts
, arg_n_custom_mounts
,
3592 arg_container_service_name
);
3596 } else if (!arg_keep_unit
) {
3603 arg_custom_mounts
, arg_n_custom_mounts
,
3609 } else if (arg_slice
|| arg_property
)
3610 log_notice("Machine and scope registration turned off, --slice= and --property= settings will have no effect.");
3612 r
= sync_cgroup(*pid
, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
, arg_uid_shift
);
3616 if (arg_keep_unit
) {
3617 r
= create_subcgroup(*pid
, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
);
3622 r
= chown_cgroup(*pid
, arg_unified_cgroup_hierarchy
, arg_uid_shift
);
3626 /* Notify the child that the parent is ready with all
3627 * its setup (including cgroup-ification), and that
3628 * the child can now hand over control to the code to
3629 * run inside the container. */
3630 (void) barrier_place(&barrier
); /* #3 */
3632 /* Block SIGCHLD here, before notifying child.
3633 * process_pty() will handle it with the other signals. */
3634 assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK
, &mask_chld
, NULL
) >= 0);
3636 /* Reset signal to default */
3637 r
= default_signals(SIGCHLD
, -1);
3639 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to reset SIGCHLD: %m");
3641 r
= sd_event_new(&event
);
3643 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to get default event source: %m");
3646 r
= sd_bus_attach_event(bus
, event
, 0);
3648 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to attach bus to event loop: %m");
3651 r
= setup_sd_notify_parent(event
, notify_socket
, PID_TO_PTR(*pid
), ¬ify_event_source
);
3655 /* Let the child know that we are ready and wait that the child is completely ready now. */
3656 if (!barrier_place_and_sync(&barrier
)) { /* #4 */
3657 log_error("Child died too early.");
3661 /* At this point we have made use of the UID we picked, and thus nss-mymachines
3662 * will make them appear in getpwuid(), thus we can release the /etc/passwd lock. */
3663 etc_passwd_lock
= safe_close(etc_passwd_lock
);
3666 "STATUS=Container running.\n"
3667 "X_NSPAWN_LEADER_PID=" PID_FMT
, *pid
);
3668 if (!arg_notify_ready
)
3669 sd_notify(false, "READY=1\n");
3671 if (arg_kill_signal
> 0) {
3672 /* Try to kill the init system on SIGINT or SIGTERM */
3673 sd_event_add_signal(event
, NULL
, SIGINT
, on_orderly_shutdown
, PID_TO_PTR(*pid
));
3674 sd_event_add_signal(event
, NULL
, SIGTERM
, on_orderly_shutdown
, PID_TO_PTR(*pid
));
3676 /* Immediately exit */
3677 sd_event_add_signal(event
, NULL
, SIGINT
, NULL
, NULL
);
3678 sd_event_add_signal(event
, NULL
, SIGTERM
, NULL
, NULL
);
3681 /* Exit when the child exits */
3682 sd_event_add_signal(event
, NULL
, SIGCHLD
, on_sigchld
, PID_TO_PTR(*pid
));
3684 if (arg_expose_ports
) {
3685 r
= expose_port_watch_rtnl(event
, rtnl_socket_pair
[0], on_address_change
, exposed
, &rtnl
);
3689 (void) expose_port_execute(rtnl
, arg_expose_ports
, exposed
);
3692 rtnl_socket_pair
[0] = safe_close(rtnl_socket_pair
[0]);
3694 r
= pty_forward_new(event
, master
,
3695 PTY_FORWARD_IGNORE_VHANGUP
| (interactive
? 0 : PTY_FORWARD_READ_ONLY
),
3698 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to create PTY forwarder: %m");
3700 r
= sd_event_loop(event
);
3702 return log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to run event loop: %m");
3704 pty_forward_get_last_char(forward
, &last_char
);
3706 forward
= pty_forward_free(forward
);
3708 if (!arg_quiet
&& last_char
!= '\n')
3711 /* Kill if it is not dead yet anyway */
3712 if (arg_register
&& !arg_keep_unit
&& bus
)
3713 terminate_machine(bus
, *pid
);
3715 /* Normally redundant, but better safe than sorry */
3716 (void) kill(*pid
, SIGKILL
);
3718 r
= wait_for_container(*pid
, &container_status
);
3722 /* We failed to wait for the container, or the container exited abnormally. */
3724 if (r
> 0 || container_status
== CONTAINER_TERMINATED
) {
3725 /* r > 0 → The container exited with a non-zero status.
3726 * As a special case, we need to replace 133 with a different value,
3727 * because 133 is special-cased in the service file to reboot the container.
3728 * otherwise → The container exited with zero status and a reboot was not requested.
3730 if (r
== EXIT_FORCE_RESTART
)
3731 r
= EXIT_FAILURE
; /* replace 133 with the general failure code */
3733 return 0; /* finito */
3736 /* CONTAINER_REBOOTED, loop again */
3738 if (arg_keep_unit
) {
3739 /* Special handling if we are running as a service: instead of simply
3740 * restarting the machine we want to restart the entire service, so let's
3741 * inform systemd about this with the special exit code 133. The service
3742 * file uses RestartForceExitStatus=133 so that this results in a full
3743 * nspawn restart. This is necessary since we might have cgroup parameters
3744 * set we want to have flushed out. */
3745 *ret
= EXIT_FORCE_RESTART
;
3746 return 0; /* finito */
3749 expose_port_flush(arg_expose_ports
, exposed
);
3751 (void) remove_veth_links(veth_name
, arg_network_veth_extra
);
3752 *veth_created
= false;
3753 return 1; /* loop again */
3756 int main(int argc
, char *argv
[]) {
3758 _cleanup_free_
char *console
= NULL
;
3759 _cleanup_close_
int master
= -1;
3760 _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet
*fds
= NULL
;
3761 int r
, n_fd_passed
, ret
= EXIT_SUCCESS
;
3762 char veth_name
[IFNAMSIZ
] = "";
3763 bool secondary
= false, remove_directory
= false, remove_image
= false;
3765 union in_addr_union exposed
= {};
3766 _cleanup_release_lock_file_ LockFile tree_global_lock
= LOCK_FILE_INIT
, tree_local_lock
= LOCK_FILE_INIT
;
3767 bool interactive
, veth_created
= false, remove_tmprootdir
= false;
3768 char tmprootdir
[] = "/tmp/nspawn-root-XXXXXX";
3769 _cleanup_(loop_device_unrefp
) LoopDevice
*loop
= NULL
;
3770 _cleanup_(decrypted_image_unrefp
) DecryptedImage
*decrypted_image
= NULL
;
3771 _cleanup_(dissected_image_unrefp
) DissectedImage
*dissected_image
= NULL
;
3773 log_parse_environment();
3776 /* Make sure rename_process() in the stub init process can work */
3780 r
= parse_argv(argc
, argv
);
3784 if (geteuid() != 0) {
3785 log_error("Need to be root.");
3789 r
= determine_names();
3793 r
= load_settings();
3797 r
= verify_arguments();
3801 r
= detect_unified_cgroup_hierarchy_from_environment();
3805 n_fd_passed
= sd_listen_fds(false);
3806 if (n_fd_passed
> 0) {
3807 r
= fdset_new_listen_fds(&fds
, false);
3809 log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to collect file descriptors: %m");
3814 if (arg_directory
) {
3817 if (path_equal(arg_directory
, "/") && !arg_ephemeral
) {
3818 log_error("Spawning container on root directory is not supported. Consider using --ephemeral.");
3823 if (arg_ephemeral
) {
3824 _cleanup_free_
char *np
= NULL
;
3826 r
= chase_symlinks_and_update(&arg_directory
, 0);
3830 /* If the specified path is a mount point we
3831 * generate the new snapshot immediately
3832 * inside it under a random name. However if
3833 * the specified is not a mount point we
3834 * create the new snapshot in the parent
3835 * directory, just next to it. */
3836 r
= path_is_mount_point(arg_directory
, NULL
, 0);
3838 log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to determine whether directory %s is mount point: %m", arg_directory
);
3842 r
= tempfn_random_child(arg_directory
, "machine.", &np
);
3844 r
= tempfn_random(arg_directory
, "machine.", &np
);
3846 log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to generate name for directory snapshot: %m");
3850 r
= image_path_lock(np
, (arg_read_only
? LOCK_SH
: LOCK_EX
) | LOCK_NB
, &tree_global_lock
, &tree_local_lock
);
3852 log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to lock %s: %m", np
);
3856 r
= btrfs_subvol_snapshot(arg_directory
, np
,
3857 (arg_read_only
? BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY
: 0) |
3858 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_COPY
|
3859 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_DIRECTORY
|
3860 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_RECURSIVE
|
3861 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_QUOTA
);
3863 log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to create snapshot %s from %s: %m", np
, arg_directory
);
3867 free(arg_directory
);
3871 remove_directory
= true;
3874 r
= chase_symlinks_and_update(&arg_directory
, arg_template
? CHASE_NONEXISTENT
: 0);
3878 r
= image_path_lock(arg_directory
, (arg_read_only
? LOCK_SH
: LOCK_EX
) | LOCK_NB
, &tree_global_lock
, &tree_local_lock
);
3880 log_error_errno(r
, "Directory tree %s is currently busy.", arg_directory
);
3884 log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to lock %s: %m", arg_directory
);
3889 r
= chase_symlinks_and_update(&arg_template
, 0);
3893 r
= btrfs_subvol_snapshot(arg_template
, arg_directory
,
3894 (arg_read_only
? BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY
: 0) |
3895 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_COPY
|
3896 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_DIRECTORY
|
3897 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_FALLBACK_IMMUTABLE
|
3898 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_RECURSIVE
|
3899 BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_QUOTA
);
3902 log_info("Directory %s already exists, not populating from template %s.", arg_directory
, arg_template
);
3904 log_error_errno(r
, "Couldn't create snapshot %s from %s: %m", arg_directory
, arg_template
);
3908 log_info("Populated %s from template %s.", arg_directory
, arg_template
);
3913 if (arg_start_mode
== START_BOOT
) {
3914 if (path_is_os_tree(arg_directory
) <= 0) {
3915 log_error("Directory %s doesn't look like an OS root directory (os-release file is missing). Refusing.", arg_directory
);
3922 p
= strjoina(arg_directory
, "/usr/");
3923 if (laccess(p
, F_OK
) < 0) {
3924 log_error("Directory %s doesn't look like it has an OS tree. Refusing.", arg_directory
);
3932 assert(!arg_template
);
3934 r
= chase_symlinks_and_update(&arg_image
, 0);
3938 if (arg_ephemeral
) {
3939 _cleanup_free_
char *np
= NULL
;
3941 r
= tempfn_random(arg_image
, "machine.", &np
);
3943 log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to generate name for image snapshot: %m");
3947 r
= image_path_lock(np
, (arg_read_only
? LOCK_SH
: LOCK_EX
) | LOCK_NB
, &tree_global_lock
, &tree_local_lock
);
3949 r
= log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to create image lock: %m");
3953 r
= copy_file(arg_image
, np
, O_EXCL
, arg_read_only
? 0400 : 0600, FS_NOCOW_FL
, COPY_REFLINK
);
3955 r
= log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to copy image file: %m");
3963 remove_image
= true;
3965 r
= image_path_lock(arg_image
, (arg_read_only
? LOCK_SH
: LOCK_EX
) | LOCK_NB
, &tree_global_lock
, &tree_local_lock
);
3967 r
= log_error_errno(r
, "Disk image %s is currently busy.", arg_image
);
3971 r
= log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to create image lock: %m");
3975 if (!arg_root_hash
) {
3976 r
= root_hash_load(arg_image
, &arg_root_hash
, &arg_root_hash_size
);
3978 log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to load root hash file for %s: %m", arg_image
);
3984 if (!mkdtemp(tmprootdir
)) {
3985 r
= log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to create temporary directory: %m");
3989 remove_tmprootdir
= true;
3991 arg_directory
= strdup(tmprootdir
);
3992 if (!arg_directory
) {
3997 r
= loop_device_make_by_path(arg_image
, arg_read_only
? O_RDONLY
: O_RDWR
, &loop
);
3999 log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to set up loopback block device: %m");
4005 arg_root_hash
, arg_root_hash_size
,
4006 DISSECT_IMAGE_REQUIRE_ROOT
,
4009 log_error_errno(r
, "Could not find a suitable file system or partition table in image: %s", arg_image
);
4011 log_notice("Note that the disk image needs to\n"
4012 " a) either contain only a single MBR partition of type 0x83 that is marked bootable\n"
4013 " b) or contain a single GPT partition of type 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4\n"
4014 " c) or follow http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/DiscoverablePartitionsSpec/\n"
4015 " d) or contain a file system without a partition table\n"
4016 "in order to be bootable with systemd-nspawn.");
4019 if (r
== -EADDRNOTAVAIL
) {
4020 log_error_errno(r
, "No root partition for specified root hash found.");
4023 if (r
== -EOPNOTSUPP
) {
4024 log_error_errno(r
, "--image= is not supported, compiled without blkid support.");
4027 if (r
== -EPROTONOSUPPORT
) {
4028 log_error_errno(r
, "Device is loopback block device with partition scanning turned off, please turn it on.");
4032 log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to dissect image: %m");
4036 if (!arg_root_hash
&& dissected_image
->can_verity
)
4037 log_notice("Note: image %s contains verity information, but no root hash specified! Proceeding without integrity checking.", arg_image
);
4039 r
= dissected_image_decrypt_interactively(dissected_image
, NULL
, arg_root_hash
, arg_root_hash_size
, 0, &decrypted_image
);
4043 /* Now that we mounted the image, let's try to remove it again, if it is ephemeral */
4044 if (remove_image
&& unlink(arg_image
) >= 0)
4045 remove_image
= false;
4048 r
= custom_mount_prepare_all(arg_directory
, arg_custom_mounts
, arg_n_custom_mounts
);
4053 isatty(STDIN_FILENO
) > 0 &&
4054 isatty(STDOUT_FILENO
) > 0;
4056 master
= posix_openpt(O_RDWR
|O_NOCTTY
|O_CLOEXEC
|O_NDELAY
);
4058 r
= log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to acquire pseudo tty: %m");
4062 r
= ptsname_malloc(master
, &console
);
4064 r
= log_error_errno(r
, "Failed to determine tty name: %m");
4068 if (arg_selinux_apifs_context
) {
4069 r
= mac_selinux_apply(console
, arg_selinux_apifs_context
);
4074 if (unlockpt(master
) < 0) {
4075 r
= log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to unlock tty: %m");
4080 log_info("Spawning container %s on %s.\nPress ^] three times within 1s to kill container.",
4081 arg_machine
, arg_image
?: arg_directory
);
4083 assert_se(sigprocmask_many(SIG_BLOCK
, NULL
, SIGCHLD
, SIGWINCH
, SIGTERM
, SIGINT
, -1) >= 0);
4085 if (prctl(PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER
, 1) < 0) {
4086 r
= log_error_errno(errno
, "Failed to become subreaper: %m");
4094 interactive
, secondary
,
4096 veth_name
, &veth_created
,
4105 r
== 0 && ret
== EXIT_FORCE_RESTART
? "STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Restarting..." :
4106 "STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Terminating...");
4109 (void) kill(pid
, SIGKILL
);
4111 /* Try to flush whatever is still queued in the pty */
4113 (void) copy_bytes(master
, STDOUT_FILENO
, (uint64_t) -1, 0);
4114 master
= safe_close(master
);
4118 (void) wait_for_terminate(pid
, NULL
);
4120 if (remove_directory
&& arg_directory
) {
4123 k
= rm_rf(arg_directory
, REMOVE_ROOT
|REMOVE_PHYSICAL
|REMOVE_SUBVOLUME
);
4125 log_warning_errno(k
, "Cannot remove '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_directory
);
4128 if (remove_image
&& arg_image
) {
4129 if (unlink(arg_image
) < 0)
4130 log_warning_errno(errno
, "Can't remove image file '%s', ignoring: %m", arg_image
);
4133 if (remove_tmprootdir
) {
4134 if (rmdir(tmprootdir
) < 0)
4135 log_debug_errno(errno
, "Can't remove temporary root directory '%s', ignoring: %m", tmprootdir
);
4141 p
= strjoina("/run/systemd/nspawn/propagate/", arg_machine
);
4142 (void) rm_rf(p
, REMOVE_ROOT
);
4145 expose_port_flush(arg_expose_ports
, &exposed
);
4148 (void) remove_veth_links(veth_name
, arg_network_veth_extra
);
4149 (void) remove_bridge(arg_network_zone
);
4151 free(arg_directory
);
4156 free(arg_pivot_root_new
);
4157 free(arg_pivot_root_old
);
4159 strv_free(arg_setenv
);
4160 free(arg_network_bridge
);
4161 strv_free(arg_network_interfaces
);
4162 strv_free(arg_network_macvlan
);
4163 strv_free(arg_network_ipvlan
);
4164 strv_free(arg_network_veth_extra
);
4165 strv_free(arg_parameters
);
4166 custom_mount_free_all(arg_custom_mounts
, arg_n_custom_mounts
);
4167 expose_port_free_all(arg_expose_ports
);
4168 free(arg_root_hash
);
4170 return r
< 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE
: ret
;