src/shared/bus-unit-util.c

   1 /***
   2   This file is part of systemd.
   3
   4   Copyright 2016 Lennart Poettering
   5
   6   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   7   under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
   8   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
   9   (at your option) any later version.
  10
  11   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  12   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  13   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  14   Lesser General Public License for more details.
  15
  16   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
  17   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  18 ***/
  19
  20 #include "alloc-util.h"
  21 #include "bus-internal.h"
  22 #include "bus-unit-util.h"
  23 #include "bus-util.h"
  24 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  25 #include "env-util.h"
  26 #include "escape.h"
  27 #include "hashmap.h"
  28 #include "list.h"
  29 #include "locale-util.h"
  30 #include "parse-util.h"
  31 #include "path-util.h"
  32 #include "process-util.h"
  33 #include "rlimit-util.h"
  34 #include "signal-util.h"
  35 #include "string-util.h"
  36 #include "syslog-util.h"
  37 #include "terminal-util.h"
  38 #include "utf8.h"
  39 #include "util.h"
  40
  41 int bus_parse_unit_info(sd_bus_message *message, UnitInfo *u) {
  42         assert(message);
  43         assert(u);
  44
  45         u->machine = NULL;
  46
  47         return sd_bus_message_read(
  48                         message,
  49                         "(ssssssouso)",
  50                         &u->id,
  51                         &u->description,
  52                         &u->load_state,
  53                         &u->active_state,
  54                         &u->sub_state,
  55                         &u->following,
  56                         &u->unit_path,
  57                         &u->job_id,
  58                         &u->job_type,
  59                         &u->job_path);
  60 }
  61
  62 int bus_append_unit_property_assignment(sd_bus_message *m, const char *assignment) {
  63         const char *eq, *field;
  64         int r, rl;
  65
  66         assert(m);
  67         assert(assignment);
  68
  69         eq = strchr(assignment, '=');
  70         if (!eq) {
  71                 log_error("Not an assignment: %s", assignment);
  72                 return -EINVAL;
  73         }
  74
  75         r = sd_bus_message_open_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT, "sv");
  76         if (r < 0)
  77                 return bus_log_create_error(r);
  78
  79         field = strndupa(assignment, eq - assignment);
  80         eq++;
  81
  82         if (streq(field, "CPUQuota")) {
  83
  84                 if (isempty(eq))
  85                         r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "sv", "CPUQuotaPerSecUSec", "t", USEC_INFINITY);
  86                 else if (endswith(eq, "%")) {
  87                         double percent;
  88
  89                         if (sscanf(eq, "%lf%%", &percent) != 1 || percent <= 0) {
  90                                 log_error("CPU quota '%s' invalid.", eq);
  91                                 return -EINVAL;
  92                         }
  93
  94                         r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "sv", "CPUQuotaPerSecUSec", "t", (usec_t) percent * USEC_PER_SEC / 100);
  95                 } else {
  96                         log_error("CPU quota needs to be in percent.");
  97                         return -EINVAL;
  98                 }
  99
 100                 goto finish;
 101
 102         } else if (streq(field, "EnvironmentFile")) {
 103
 104                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "sv", "EnvironmentFiles", "a(sb)", 1,
 105                                           eq[0] == '-' ? eq + 1 : eq,
 106                                           eq[0] == '-');
 107                 goto finish;
 108
 109         } else if (STR_IN_SET(field, "AccuracySec", "RandomizedDelaySec", "RuntimeMaxSec")) {
 110                 char *n;
 111                 usec_t t;
 112                 size_t l;
 113                 r = parse_sec(eq, &t);
 114                 if (r < 0)
 115                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse %s= parameter: %s", field, eq);
 116
 117                 l = strlen(field);
 118                 n = newa(char, l + 2);
 119                 if (!n)
 120                         return log_oom();
 121
 122                 /* Change suffix Sec → USec */
 123                 strcpy(mempcpy(n, field, l - 3), "USec");
 124                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "sv", n, "t", t);
 125                 goto finish;
 126         }
 127
 128         r = sd_bus_message_append_basic(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, field);
 129         if (r < 0)
 130                 return bus_log_create_error(r);
 131
 132         rl = rlimit_from_string(field);
 133         if (rl >= 0) {
 134                 const char *sn;
 135                 struct rlimit l;
 136
 137                 r = rlimit_parse(rl, eq, &l);
 138                 if (r < 0)
 139                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse resource limit: %s", eq);
 140
 141                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "t", l.rlim_max);
 142                 if (r < 0)
 143                         return bus_log_create_error(r);
 144
 145                 r = sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
 146                 if (r < 0)
 147                         return bus_log_create_error(r);
 148
 149                 r = sd_bus_message_open_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT, "sv");
 150                 if (r < 0)
 151                         return bus_log_create_error(r);
 152
 153                 sn = strjoina(field, "Soft");
 154                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "sv", sn, "t", l.rlim_cur);
 155
 156         } else if (STR_IN_SET(field,
 157                        "CPUAccounting", "MemoryAccounting", "IOAccounting", "BlockIOAccounting", "TasksAccounting",
 158                        "SendSIGHUP", "SendSIGKILL", "WakeSystem", "DefaultDependencies",
 159                        "IgnoreSIGPIPE", "TTYVHangup", "TTYReset", "RemainAfterExit",
 160                        "PrivateTmp", "PrivateDevices", "PrivateNetwork", "NoNewPrivileges",
 161                        "SyslogLevelPrefix", "Delegate", "RemainAfterElapse")) {
 162
 163                 r = parse_boolean(eq);
 164                 if (r < 0)
 165                         return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse boolean assignment %s.", assignment);
 166
 167                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "b", r);
 168
 169         } else if (streq(field, "MemoryLimit")) {
 170                 uint64_t bytes;
 171
 172                 if (isempty(eq) || streq(eq, "infinity"))
 173                         bytes = (uint64_t) -1;
 174                 else {
 175                         r = parse_size(eq, 1024, &bytes);
 176                         if (r < 0) {
 177                                 log_error("Failed to parse bytes specification %s", assignment);
 178                                 return -EINVAL;
 179                         }
 180                 }
 181
 182                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "t", bytes);
 183
 184         } else if (streq(field, "TasksMax")) {
 185                 uint64_t n;
 186
 187                 if (isempty(eq) || streq(eq, "infinity"))
 188                         n = (uint64_t) -1;
 189                 else {
 190                         r = safe_atou64(eq, &n);
 191                         if (r < 0) {
 192                                 log_error("Failed to parse maximum tasks specification %s", assignment);
 193                                 return -EINVAL;
 194                         }
 195                 }
 196
 197                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "t", n);
 198
 199         } else if (STR_IN_SET(field, "CPUShares", "StartupCPUShares")) {
 200                 uint64_t u;
 201
 202                 r = cg_cpu_shares_parse(eq, &u);
 203                 if (r < 0) {
 204                         log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s.", field, eq);
 205                         return -EINVAL;
 206                 }
 207
 208                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "t", u);
 209
 210         } else if (STR_IN_SET(field, "IOWeight", "StartupIOWeight")) {
 211                 uint64_t u;
 212
 213                 r = cg_weight_parse(eq, &u);
 214                 if (r < 0) {
 215                         log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s.", field, eq);
 216                         return -EINVAL;
 217                 }
 218
 219                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "t", u);
 220
 221         } else if (STR_IN_SET(field, "BlockIOWeight", "StartupBlockIOWeight")) {
 222                 uint64_t u;
 223
 224                 r = cg_blkio_weight_parse(eq, &u);
 225                 if (r < 0) {
 226                         log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s.", field, eq);
 227                         return -EINVAL;
 228                 }
 229
 230                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "t", u);
 231
 232         } else if (STR_IN_SET(field,
 233                               "User", "Group", "DevicePolicy", "KillMode",
 234                               "UtmpIdentifier", "UtmpMode", "PAMName", "TTYPath",
 235                               "StandardInput", "StandardOutput", "StandardError",
 236                               "Description", "Slice", "Type", "WorkingDirectory",
 237                               "RootDirectory", "SyslogIdentifier", "ProtectSystem",
 238                               "ProtectHome", "SELinuxContext"))
 239                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "s", eq);
 240
 241         else if (streq(field, "SyslogLevel")) {
 242                 int level;
 243
 244                 level = log_level_from_string(eq);
 245                 if (level < 0) {
 246                         log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s.", field, eq);
 247                         return -EINVAL;
 248                 }
 249
 250                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "i", level);
 251
 252         } else if (streq(field, "SyslogFacility")) {
 253                 int facility;
 254
 255                 facility = log_facility_unshifted_from_string(eq);
 256                 if (facility < 0) {
 257                         log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s.", field, eq);
 258                         return -EINVAL;
 259                 }
 260
 261                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "i", facility);
 262
 263         } else if (streq(field, "DeviceAllow")) {
 264
 265                 if (isempty(eq))
 266                         r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "a(ss)", 0);
 267                 else {
 268                         const char *path, *rwm, *e;
 269
 270                         e = strchr(eq, ' ');
 271                         if (e) {
 272                                 path = strndupa(eq, e - eq);
 273                                 rwm = e+1;
 274                         } else {
 275                                 path = eq;
 276                                 rwm = "";
 277                         }
 278
 279                         if (!path_startswith(path, "/dev")) {
 280                                 log_error("%s is not a device file in /dev.", path);
 281                                 return -EINVAL;
 282                         }
 283
 284                         r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "a(ss)", 1, path, rwm);
 285                 }
 286
 287         } else if (cgroup_io_limit_type_from_string(field) >= 0 || STR_IN_SET(field, "BlockIOReadBandwidth", "BlockIOWriteBandwidth")) {
 288
 289                 if (isempty(eq))
 290                         r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "a(st)", 0);
 291                 else {
 292                         const char *path, *bandwidth, *e;
 293                         uint64_t bytes;
 294
 295                         e = strchr(eq, ' ');
 296                         if (e) {
 297                                 path = strndupa(eq, e - eq);
 298                                 bandwidth = e+1;
 299                         } else {
 300                                 log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s.", field, eq);
 301                                 return -EINVAL;
 302                         }
 303
 304                         if (!path_startswith(path, "/dev")) {
 305                                 log_error("%s is not a device file in /dev.", path);
 306                                 return -EINVAL;
 307                         }
 308
 309                         if (streq(bandwidth, "max")) {
 310                                 bytes = CGROUP_LIMIT_MAX;
 311                         } else {
 312                                 r = parse_size(bandwidth, 1000, &bytes);
 313                                 if (r < 0) {
 314                                         log_error("Failed to parse byte value %s.", bandwidth);
 315                                         return -EINVAL;
 316                                 }
 317                         }
 318
 319                         r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "a(st)", 1, path, bytes);
 320                 }
 321
 322         } else if (STR_IN_SET(field, "IODeviceWeight", "BlockIODeviceWeight")) {
 323
 324                 if (isempty(eq))
 325                         r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "a(st)", 0);
 326                 else {
 327                         const char *path, *weight, *e;
 328                         uint64_t u;
 329
 330                         e = strchr(eq, ' ');
 331                         if (e) {
 332                                 path = strndupa(eq, e - eq);
 333                                 weight = e+1;
 334                         } else {
 335                                 log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s.", field, eq);
 336                                 return -EINVAL;
 337                         }
 338
 339                         if (!path_startswith(path, "/dev")) {
 340                                 log_error("%s is not a device file in /dev.", path);
 341                                 return -EINVAL;
 342                         }
 343
 344                         r = safe_atou64(weight, &u);
 345                         if (r < 0) {
 346                                 log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s.", field, weight);
 347                                 return -EINVAL;
 348                         }
 349                         r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "a(st)", 1, path, u);
 350                 }
 351
 352         } else if (streq(field, "Nice")) {
 353                 int32_t i;
 354
 355                 r = safe_atoi32(eq, &i);
 356                 if (r < 0) {
 357                         log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s.", field, eq);
 358                         return -EINVAL;
 359                 }
 360
 361                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "i", i);
 362
 363         } else if (STR_IN_SET(field, "Environment", "PassEnvironment")) {
 364                 const char *p;
 365
 366                 r = sd_bus_message_open_container(m, 'v', "as");
 367                 if (r < 0)
 368                         return bus_log_create_error(r);
 369
 370                 r = sd_bus_message_open_container(m, 'a', "s");
 371                 if (r < 0)
 372                         return bus_log_create_error(r);
 373
 374                 p = eq;
 375
 376                 for (;;) {
 377                         _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL;
 378
 379                         r = extract_first_word(&p, &word, NULL, EXTRACT_QUOTES|EXTRACT_CUNESCAPE);
 380                         if (r < 0) {
 381                                 log_error("Failed to parse Environment value %s", eq);
 382                                 return -EINVAL;
 383                         }
 384                         if (r == 0)
 385                                 break;
 386
 387                         if (streq(field, "Environment")) {
 388                                 if (!env_assignment_is_valid(word)) {
 389                                         log_error("Invalid environment assignment: %s", word);
 390                                         return -EINVAL;
 391                                 }
 392                         } else {  /* PassEnvironment */
 393                                 if (!env_name_is_valid(word)) {
 394                                         log_error("Invalid environment variable name: %s", word);
 395                                         return -EINVAL;
 396                                 }
 397                         }
 398
 399                         r = sd_bus_message_append_basic(m, 's', word);
 400                         if (r < 0)
 401                                 return bus_log_create_error(r);
 402                 }
 403
 404                 r = sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
 405                 if (r < 0)
 406                         return bus_log_create_error(r);
 407
 408                 r = sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
 409
 410         } else if (streq(field, "KillSignal")) {
 411                 int sig;
 412
 413                 sig = signal_from_string_try_harder(eq);
 414                 if (sig < 0) {
 415                         log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s.", field, eq);
 416                         return -EINVAL;
 417                 }
 418
 419                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "i", sig);
 420
 421         } else if (streq(field, "TimerSlackNSec")) {
 422                 nsec_t n;
 423
 424                 r = parse_nsec(eq, &n);
 425                 if (r < 0) {
 426                         log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s", field, eq);
 427                         return -EINVAL;
 428                 }
 429
 430                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "t", n);
 431         } else if (streq(field, "OOMScoreAdjust")) {
 432                 int oa;
 433
 434                 r = safe_atoi(eq, &oa);
 435                 if (r < 0) {
 436                         log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s", field, eq);
 437                         return -EINVAL;
 438                 }
 439
 440                 if (!oom_score_adjust_is_valid(oa)) {
 441                         log_error("OOM score adjust value out of range");
 442                         return -EINVAL;
 443                 }
 444
 445                 r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "v", "i", oa);
 446         } else if (STR_IN_SET(field, "ReadWriteDirectories", "ReadOnlyDirectories", "InaccessibleDirectories")) {
 447                 const char *p;
 448
 449                 r = sd_bus_message_open_container(m, 'v', "as");
 450                 if (r < 0)
 451                         return bus_log_create_error(r);
 452
 453                 r = sd_bus_message_open_container(m, 'a', "s");
 454                 if (r < 0)
 455                         return bus_log_create_error(r);
 456
 457                 p = eq;
 458
 459                 for (;;) {
 460                         _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL;
 461                         int offset;
 462
 463                         r = extract_first_word(&p, &word, NULL, EXTRACT_QUOTES);
 464                         if (r < 0) {
 465                                 log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s", field, eq);
 466                                 return -EINVAL;
 467                         }
 468                         if (r == 0)
 469                                 break;
 470
 471                         if (!utf8_is_valid(word)) {
 472                                 log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s", field, eq);
 473                                 return -EINVAL;
 474                         }
 475
 476                         offset = word[0] == '-';
 477                         if (!path_is_absolute(word + offset)) {
 478                                 log_error("Failed to parse %s value %s", field, eq);
 479                                 return -EINVAL;
 480                         }
 481
 482                         path_kill_slashes(word + offset);
 483
 484                         r = sd_bus_message_append_basic(m, 's', word);
 485                         if (r < 0)
 486                                 return bus_log_create_error(r);
 487                 }
 488
 489                 r = sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
 490                 if (r < 0)
 491                         return bus_log_create_error(r);
 492
 493                 r = sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
 494
 495         } else if (streq(field, "RuntimeDirectory")) {
 496                 const char *p;
 497
 498                 r = sd_bus_message_open_container(m, 'v', "as");
 499                 if (r < 0)
 500                         return bus_log_create_error(r);
 501
 502                 r = sd_bus_message_open_container(m, 'a', "s");
 503                 if (r < 0)
 504                         return bus_log_create_error(r);
 505
 506                 p = eq;
 507
 508                 for (;;) {
 509                         _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL;
 510
 511                         r = extract_first_word(&p, &word, NULL, EXTRACT_QUOTES);
 512                         if (r < 0)
 513                                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse %s value %s", field, eq);
 514
 515                         if (r == 0)
 516                                 break;
 517
 518                         r = sd_bus_message_append_basic(m, 's', word);
 519                         if (r < 0)
 520                                 return bus_log_create_error(r);
 521                 }
 522
 523                 r = sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
 524                 if (r < 0)
 525                         return bus_log_create_error(r);
 526
 527                 r = sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
 528
 529         } else {
 530                 log_error("Unknown assignment %s.", assignment);
 531                 return -EINVAL;
 532         }
 533
 534 finish:
 535         if (r < 0)
 536                 return bus_log_create_error(r);
 537
 538         r = sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
 539         if (r < 0)
 540                 return bus_log_create_error(r);
 541
 542         return 0;
 543 }
 544
 545 typedef struct BusWaitForJobs {
 546         sd_bus *bus;
 547         Set *jobs;
 548
 549         char *name;
 550         char *result;
 551
 552         sd_bus_slot *slot_job_removed;
 553         sd_bus_slot *slot_disconnected;
 554 } BusWaitForJobs;
 555
 556 static int match_disconnected(sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
 557         assert(m);
 558
 559         log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
 560         sd_bus_close(sd_bus_message_get_bus(m));
 561
 562         return 0;
 563 }
 564
 565 static int match_job_removed(sd_bus_message *m, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
 566         const char *path, *unit, *result;
 567         BusWaitForJobs *d = userdata;
 568         uint32_t id;
 569         char *found;
 570         int r;
 571
 572         assert(m);
 573         assert(d);
 574
 575         r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "uoss", &id, &path, &unit, &result);
 576         if (r < 0) {
 577                 bus_log_parse_error(r);
 578                 return 0;
 579         }
 580
 581         found = set_remove(d->jobs, (char*) path);
 582         if (!found)
 583                 return 0;
 584
 585         free(found);
 586
 587         if (!isempty(result))
 588                 d->result = strdup(result);
 589
 590         if (!isempty(unit))
 591                 d->name = strdup(unit);
 592
 593         return 0;
 594 }
 595
 596 void bus_wait_for_jobs_free(BusWaitForJobs *d) {
 597         if (!d)
 598                 return;
 599
 600         set_free_free(d->jobs);
 601
 602         sd_bus_slot_unref(d->slot_disconnected);
 603         sd_bus_slot_unref(d->slot_job_removed);
 604
 605         sd_bus_unref(d->bus);
 606
 607         free(d->name);
 608         free(d->result);
 609
 610         free(d);
 611 }
 612
 613 int bus_wait_for_jobs_new(sd_bus *bus, BusWaitForJobs **ret) {
 614         _cleanup_(bus_wait_for_jobs_freep) BusWaitForJobs *d = NULL;
 615         int r;
 616
 617         assert(bus);
 618         assert(ret);
 619
 620         d = new0(BusWaitForJobs, 1);
 621         if (!d)
 622                 return -ENOMEM;
 623
 624         d->bus = sd_bus_ref(bus);
 625
 626         /* When we are a bus client we match by sender. Direct
 627          * connections OTOH have no initialized sender field, and
 628          * hence we ignore the sender then */
 629         r = sd_bus_add_match(
 630                         bus,
 631                         &d->slot_job_removed,
 632                         bus->bus_client ?
 633                         "type='signal',"
 634                         "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
 635                         "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
 636                         "member='JobRemoved',"
 637                         "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'" :
 638                         "type='signal',"
 639                         "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
 640                         "member='JobRemoved',"
 641                         "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
 642                         match_job_removed, d);
 643         if (r < 0)
 644                 return r;
 645
 646         r = sd_bus_add_match(
 647                         bus,
 648                         &d->slot_disconnected,
 649                         "type='signal',"
 650                         "sender='org.freedesktop.DBus.Local',"
 651                         "interface='org.freedesktop.DBus.Local',"
 652                         "member='Disconnected'",
 653                         match_disconnected, d);
 654         if (r < 0)
 655                 return r;
 656
 657         *ret = d;
 658         d = NULL;
 659
 660         return 0;
 661 }
 662
 663 static int bus_process_wait(sd_bus *bus) {
 664         int r;
 665
 666         for (;;) {
 667                 r = sd_bus_process(bus, NULL);
 668                 if (r < 0)
 669                         return r;
 670                 if (r > 0)
 671                         return 0;
 672
 673                 r = sd_bus_wait(bus, (uint64_t) -1);
 674                 if (r < 0)
 675                         return r;
 676         }
 677 }
 678
 679 static int bus_job_get_service_result(BusWaitForJobs *d, char **result) {
 680         _cleanup_free_ char *dbus_path = NULL;
 681
 682         assert(d);
 683         assert(d->name);
 684         assert(result);
 685
 686         dbus_path = unit_dbus_path_from_name(d->name);
 687         if (!dbus_path)
 688                 return -ENOMEM;
 689
 690         return sd_bus_get_property_string(d->bus,
 691                                           "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 692                                           dbus_path,
 693                                           "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Service",
 694                                           "Result",
 695                                           NULL,
 696                                           result);
 697 }
 698
 699 static const struct {
 700         const char *result, *explanation;
 701 } explanations [] = {
 702         { "resources",   "of unavailable resources or another system error" },
 703         { "timeout",     "a timeout was exceeded" },
 704         { "exit-code",   "the control process exited with error code" },
 705         { "signal",      "a fatal signal was delivered to the control process" },
 706         { "core-dump",   "a fatal signal was delivered causing the control process to dump core" },
 707         { "watchdog",    "the service failed to send watchdog ping" },
 708         { "start-limit", "start of the service was attempted too often" }
 709 };
 710
 711 static void log_job_error_with_service_result(const char* service, const char *result, const char* const* extra_args) {
 712         _cleanup_free_ char *service_shell_quoted = NULL;
 713         const char *systemctl = "systemctl", *journalctl = "journalctl";
 714
 715         assert(service);
 716
 717         service_shell_quoted = shell_maybe_quote(service);
 718
 719         if (extra_args && extra_args[1]) {
 720                 _cleanup_free_ char *t;
 721
 722                 t = strv_join((char**) extra_args, " ");
 723                 systemctl = strjoina("systemctl ", t ? : "<args>");
 724                 journalctl = strjoina("journalctl ", t ? : "<args>");
 725         }
 726
 727         if (!isempty(result)) {
 728                 unsigned i;
 729
 730                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(explanations); ++i)
 731                         if (streq(result, explanations[i].result))
 732                                 break;
 733
 734                 if (i < ELEMENTSOF(explanations)) {
 735                         log_error("Job for %s failed because %s.\n"
 736                                   "See \"%s status %s\" and \"%s -xe\" for details.\n",
 737                                   service,
 738                                   explanations[i].explanation,
 739                                   systemctl,
 740                                   service_shell_quoted ?: "<service>",
 741                                   journalctl);
 742                         goto finish;
 743                 }
 744         }
 745
 746         log_error("Job for %s failed.\n"
 747                   "See \"%s status %s\" and \"%s -xe\" for details.\n",
 748                   service,
 749                   systemctl,
 750                   service_shell_quoted ?: "<service>",
 751                   journalctl);
 752
 753 finish:
 754         /* For some results maybe additional explanation is required */
 755         if (streq_ptr(result, "start-limit"))
 756                 log_info("To force a start use \"%1$s reset-failed %2$s\"\n"
 757                          "followed by \"%1$s start %2$s\" again.",
 758                          systemctl,
 759                          service_shell_quoted ?: "<service>");
 760 }
 761
 762 static int check_wait_response(BusWaitForJobs *d, bool quiet, const char* const* extra_args) {
 763         int r = 0;
 764
 765         assert(d->result);
 766
 767         if (!quiet) {
 768                 if (streq(d->result, "canceled"))
 769                         log_error("Job for %s canceled.", strna(d->name));
 770                 else if (streq(d->result, "timeout"))
 771                         log_error("Job for %s timed out.", strna(d->name));
 772                 else if (streq(d->result, "dependency"))
 773                         log_error("A dependency job for %s failed. See 'journalctl -xe' for details.", strna(d->name));
 774                 else if (streq(d->result, "invalid"))
 775                         log_error("%s is not active, cannot reload.", strna(d->name));
 776                 else if (streq(d->result, "assert"))
 777                         log_error("Assertion failed on job for %s.", strna(d->name));
 778                 else if (streq(d->result, "unsupported"))
 779                         log_error("Operation on or unit type of %s not supported on this system.", strna(d->name));
 780                 else if (!streq(d->result, "done") && !streq(d->result, "skipped")) {
 781                         if (d->name) {
 782                                 int q;
 783                                 _cleanup_free_ char *result = NULL;
 784
 785                                 q = bus_job_get_service_result(d, &result);
 786                                 if (q < 0)
 787                                         log_debug_errno(q, "Failed to get Result property of service %s: %m", d->name);
 788
 789                                 log_job_error_with_service_result(d->name, result, extra_args);
 790                         } else
 791                                 log_error("Job failed. See \"journalctl -xe\" for details.");
 792                 }
 793         }
 794
 795         if (streq(d->result, "canceled"))
 796                 r = -ECANCELED;
 797         else if (streq(d->result, "timeout"))
 798                 r = -ETIME;
 799         else if (streq(d->result, "dependency"))
 800                 r = -EIO;
 801         else if (streq(d->result, "invalid"))
 802                 r = -ENOEXEC;
 803         else if (streq(d->result, "assert"))
 804                 r = -EPROTO;
 805         else if (streq(d->result, "unsupported"))
 806                 r = -EOPNOTSUPP;
 807         else if (!streq(d->result, "done") && !streq(d->result, "skipped"))
 808                 r = -EIO;
 809
 810         return r;
 811 }
 812
 813 int bus_wait_for_jobs(BusWaitForJobs *d, bool quiet, const char* const* extra_args) {
 814         int r = 0;
 815
 816         assert(d);
 817
 818         while (!set_isempty(d->jobs)) {
 819                 int q;
 820
 821                 q = bus_process_wait(d->bus);
 822                 if (q < 0)
 823                         return log_error_errno(q, "Failed to wait for response: %m");
 824
 825                 if (d->result) {
 826                         q = check_wait_response(d, quiet, extra_args);
 827                         /* Return the first error as it is most likely to be
 828                          * meaningful. */
 829                         if (q < 0 && r == 0)
 830                                 r = q;
 831
 832                         log_debug_errno(q, "Got result %s/%m for job %s", strna(d->result), strna(d->name));
 833                 }
 834
 835                 d->name = mfree(d->name);
 836                 d->result = mfree(d->result);
 837         }
 838
 839         return r;
 840 }
 841
 842 int bus_wait_for_jobs_add(BusWaitForJobs *d, const char *path) {
 843         int r;
 844
 845         assert(d);
 846
 847         r = set_ensure_allocated(&d->jobs, &string_hash_ops);
 848         if (r < 0)
 849                 return r;
 850
 851         return set_put_strdup(d->jobs, path);
 852 }
 853
 854 int bus_wait_for_jobs_one(BusWaitForJobs *d, const char *path, bool quiet) {
 855         int r;
 856
 857         r = bus_wait_for_jobs_add(d, path);
 858         if (r < 0)
 859                 return log_oom();
 860
 861         return bus_wait_for_jobs(d, quiet, NULL);
 862 }
 863
 864 int bus_deserialize_and_dump_unit_file_changes(sd_bus_message *m, bool quiet, UnitFileChange **changes, unsigned *n_changes) {
 865         const char *type, *path, *source;
 866         int r;
 867
 868         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "(sss)");
 869         if (r < 0)
 870                 return bus_log_parse_error(r);
 871
 872         while ((r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "(sss)", &type, &path, &source)) > 0) {
 873                 /* We expect only "success" changes to be sent over the bus.
 874                    Hence, reject anything negative. */
 875                 UnitFileChangeType ch = unit_file_change_type_from_string(type);
 876
 877                 if (ch < 0) {
 878                         log_notice("Manager reported unknown change type \"%s\" for path \"%s\", ignoring.", type, path);
 879                         continue;
 880                 }
 881
 882                 r = unit_file_changes_add(changes, n_changes, ch, path, source);
 883                 if (r < 0)
 884                         return r;
 885         }
 886         if (r < 0)
 887                 return bus_log_parse_error(r);
 888
 889         r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
 890         if (r < 0)
 891                 return bus_log_parse_error(r);
 892
 893         unit_file_dump_changes(0, NULL, *changes, *n_changes, false);
 894         return 0;
 895 }
 896
 897 struct CGroupInfo {
 898         char *cgroup_path;
 899         bool is_const; /* If false, cgroup_path should be free()'d */
 900
 901         Hashmap *pids; /* PID → process name */
 902         bool done;
 903
 904         struct CGroupInfo *parent;
 905         LIST_FIELDS(struct CGroupInfo, siblings);
 906         LIST_HEAD(struct CGroupInfo, children);
 907         size_t n_children;
 908 };
 909
 910 static bool IS_ROOT(const char *p) {
 911         return isempty(p) || streq(p, "/");
 912 }
 913
 914 static int add_cgroup(Hashmap *cgroups, const char *path, bool is_const, struct CGroupInfo **ret) {
 915         struct CGroupInfo *parent = NULL, *cg;
 916         int r;
 917
 918         assert(cgroups);
 919         assert(ret);
 920
 921         if (IS_ROOT(path))
 922                 path = "/";
 923
 924         cg = hashmap_get(cgroups, path);
 925         if (cg) {
 926                 *ret = cg;
 927                 return 0;
 928         }
 929
 930         if (!IS_ROOT(path)) {
 931                 const char *e, *pp;
 932
 933                 e = strrchr(path, '/');
 934                 if (!e)
 935                         return -EINVAL;
 936
 937                 pp = strndupa(path, e - path);
 938                 if (!pp)
 939                         return -ENOMEM;
 940
 941                 r = add_cgroup(cgroups, pp, false, &parent);
 942                 if (r < 0)
 943                         return r;
 944         }
 945
 946         cg = new0(struct CGroupInfo, 1);
 947         if (!cg)
 948                 return -ENOMEM;
 949
 950         if (is_const)
 951                 cg->cgroup_path = (char*) path;
 952         else {
 953                 cg->cgroup_path = strdup(path);
 954                 if (!cg->cgroup_path) {
 955                         free(cg);
 956                         return -ENOMEM;
 957                 }
 958         }
 959
 960         cg->is_const = is_const;
 961         cg->parent = parent;
 962
 963         r = hashmap_put(cgroups, cg->cgroup_path, cg);
 964         if (r < 0) {
 965                 if (!is_const)
 966                         free(cg->cgroup_path);
 967                 free(cg);
 968                 return r;
 969         }
 970
 971         if (parent) {
 972                 LIST_PREPEND(siblings, parent->children, cg);
 973                 parent->n_children++;
 974         }
 975
 976         *ret = cg;
 977         return 1;
 978 }
 979
 980 static int add_process(
 981                 Hashmap *cgroups,
 982                 const char *path,
 983                 pid_t pid,
 984                 const char *name) {
 985
 986         struct CGroupInfo *cg;
 987         int r;
 988
 989         assert(cgroups);
 990         assert(name);
 991         assert(pid > 0);
 992
 993         r = add_cgroup(cgroups, path, true, &cg);
 994         if (r < 0)
 995                 return r;
 996
 997         r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&cg->pids, &trivial_hash_ops);
 998         if (r < 0)
 999                 return r;
1000
1001         return hashmap_put(cg->pids, PID_TO_PTR(pid), (void*) name);
1002 }
1003
1004 static void remove_cgroup(Hashmap *cgroups, struct CGroupInfo *cg) {
1005         assert(cgroups);
1006         assert(cg);
1007
1008         while (cg->children)
1009                 remove_cgroup(cgroups, cg->children);
1010
1011         hashmap_remove(cgroups, cg->cgroup_path);
1012
1013         if (!cg->is_const)
1014                 free(cg->cgroup_path);
1015
1016         hashmap_free(cg->pids);
1017
1018         if (cg->parent)
1019                 LIST_REMOVE(siblings, cg->parent->children, cg);
1020
1021         free(cg);
1022 }
1023
1024 static int cgroup_info_compare_func(const void *a, const void *b) {
1025         const struct CGroupInfo *x = *(const struct CGroupInfo* const*) a, *y = *(const struct CGroupInfo* const*) b;
1026
1027         assert(x);
1028         assert(y);
1029
1030         return strcmp(x->cgroup_path, y->cgroup_path);
1031 }
1032
1033 static int dump_processes(
1034                 Hashmap *cgroups,
1035                 const char *cgroup_path,
1036                 const char *prefix,
1037                 unsigned n_columns,
1038                 OutputFlags flags) {
1039
1040         struct CGroupInfo *cg;
1041         int r;
1042
1043         assert(prefix);
1044
1045         if (IS_ROOT(cgroup_path))
1046                 cgroup_path = "/";
1047
1048         cg = hashmap_get(cgroups, cgroup_path);
1049         if (!cg)
1050                 return 0;
1051
1052         if (!hashmap_isempty(cg->pids)) {
1053                 const char *name;
1054                 size_t n = 0, i;
1055                 pid_t *pids;
1056                 void *pidp;
1057                 Iterator j;
1058                 int width;
1059
1060                 /* Order processes by their PID */
1061                 pids = newa(pid_t, hashmap_size(cg->pids));
1062
1063                 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(name, pidp, cg->pids, j)
1064                         pids[n++] = PTR_TO_PID(pidp);
1065
1066                 assert(n == hashmap_size(cg->pids));
1067                 qsort_safe(pids, n, sizeof(pid_t), pid_compare_func);
1068
1069                 width = DECIMAL_STR_WIDTH(pids[n-1]);
1070
1071                 for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
1072                         _cleanup_free_ char *e = NULL;
1073                         const char *special;
1074                         bool more;
1075
1076                         name = hashmap_get(cg->pids, PID_TO_PTR(pids[i]));
1077                         assert(name);
1078
1079                         if (n_columns != 0) {
1080                                 unsigned k;
1081
1082                                 k = MAX(LESS_BY(n_columns, 2U + width + 1U), 20U);
1083
1084                                 e = ellipsize(name, k, 100);
1085                                 if (e)
1086                                         name = e;
1087                         }
1088
1089                         more = i+1 < n || cg->children;
1090                         special = special_glyph(more ? TREE_BRANCH : TREE_RIGHT);
1091
1092                         fprintf(stdout, "%s%s%*"PID_PRI" %s\n",
1093                                 prefix,
1094                                 special,
1095                                 width, pids[i],
1096                                 name);
1097                 }
1098         }
1099
1100         if (cg->children) {
1101                 struct CGroupInfo **children, *child;
1102                 size_t n = 0, i;
1103
1104                 /* Order subcgroups by their name */
1105                 children = newa(struct CGroupInfo*, cg->n_children);
1106                 LIST_FOREACH(siblings, child, cg->children)
1107                         children[n++] = child;
1108                 assert(n == cg->n_children);
1109                 qsort_safe(children, n, sizeof(struct CGroupInfo*), cgroup_info_compare_func);
1110
1111                 n_columns = MAX(LESS_BY(n_columns, 2U), 20U);
1112
1113                 for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
1114                         _cleanup_free_ char *pp = NULL;
1115                         const char *name, *special;
1116                         bool more;
1117
1118                         child = children[i];
1119
1120                         name = strrchr(child->cgroup_path, '/');
1121                         if (!name)
1122                                 return -EINVAL;
1123                         name++;
1124
1125                         more = i+1 < n;
1126                         special = special_glyph(more ? TREE_BRANCH : TREE_RIGHT);
1127
1128                         fputs(prefix, stdout);
1129                         fputs(special, stdout);
1130                         fputs(name, stdout);
1131                         fputc('\n', stdout);
1132
1133                         special = special_glyph(more ? TREE_VERTICAL : TREE_SPACE);
1134
1135                         pp = strappend(prefix, special);
1136                         if (!pp)
1137                                 return -ENOMEM;
1138
1139                         r = dump_processes(cgroups, child->cgroup_path, pp, n_columns, flags);
1140                         if (r < 0)
1141                                 return r;
1142                 }
1143         }
1144
1145         cg->done = true;
1146         return 0;
1147 }
1148
1149 static int dump_extra_processes(
1150                 Hashmap *cgroups,
1151                 const char *prefix,
1152                 unsigned n_columns,
1153                 OutputFlags flags) {
1154
1155         _cleanup_free_ pid_t *pids = NULL;
1156         _cleanup_hashmap_free_ Hashmap *names = NULL;
1157         struct CGroupInfo *cg;
1158         size_t n_allocated = 0, n = 0, k;
1159         Iterator i;
1160         int width, r;
1161
1162         /* Prints the extra processes, i.e. those that are in cgroups we haven't displayed yet. We show them as
1163          * combined, sorted, linear list. */
1164
1165         HASHMAP_FOREACH(cg, cgroups, i) {
1166                 const char *name;
1167                 void *pidp;
1168                 Iterator j;
1169
1170                 if (cg->done)
1171                         continue;
1172
1173                 if (hashmap_isempty(cg->pids))
1174                         continue;
1175
1176                 r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&names, &trivial_hash_ops);
1177                 if (r < 0)
1178                         return r;
1179
1180                 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(pids, n_allocated, n + hashmap_size(cg->pids)))
1181                         return -ENOMEM;
1182
1183                 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(name, pidp, cg->pids, j) {
1184                         pids[n++] = PTR_TO_PID(pidp);
1185
1186                         r = hashmap_put(names, pidp, (void*) name);
1187                         if (r < 0)
1188                                 return r;
1189                 }
1190         }
1191
1192         if (n == 0)
1193                 return 0;
1194
1195         qsort_safe(pids, n, sizeof(pid_t), pid_compare_func);
1196         width = DECIMAL_STR_WIDTH(pids[n-1]);
1197
1198         for (k = 0; k < n; k++) {
1199                 _cleanup_free_ char *e = NULL;
1200                 const char *name;
1201
1202                 name = hashmap_get(names, PID_TO_PTR(pids[k]));
1203                 assert(name);
1204
1205                 if (n_columns != 0) {
1206                         unsigned z;
1207
1208                         z = MAX(LESS_BY(n_columns, 2U + width + 1U), 20U);
1209
1210                         e = ellipsize(name, z, 100);
1211                         if (e)
1212                                 name = e;
1213                 }
1214
1215                 fprintf(stdout, "%s%s %*" PID_PRI " %s\n",
1216                         prefix,
1217                         special_glyph(TRIANGULAR_BULLET),
1218                         width, pids[k],
1219                         name);
1220         }
1221
1222         return 0;
1223 }
1224
1225 int unit_show_processes(
1226                 sd_bus *bus,
1227                 const char *unit,
1228                 const char *cgroup_path,
1229                 const char *prefix,
1230                 unsigned n_columns,
1231                 OutputFlags flags,
1232                 sd_bus_error *error) {
1233
1234         _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
1235         Hashmap *cgroups = NULL;
1236         struct CGroupInfo *cg;
1237         int r;
1238
1239         assert(bus);
1240         assert(unit);
1241
1242         if (flags & OUTPUT_FULL_WIDTH)
1243                 n_columns = 0;
1244         else if (n_columns <= 0)
1245                 n_columns = columns();
1246
1247         prefix = strempty(prefix);
1248
1249         r = sd_bus_call_method(
1250                         bus,
1251                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1252                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1253                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1254                         "GetUnitProcesses",
1255                         error,
1256                         &reply,
1257                         "s",
1258                         unit);
1259         if (r < 0)
1260                 return r;
1261
1262         cgroups = hashmap_new(&string_hash_ops);
1263         if (!cgroups)
1264                 return -ENOMEM;
1265
1266         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, 'a', "(sus)");
1267         if (r < 0)
1268                 goto finish;
1269
1270         for (;;) {
1271                 const char *path = NULL, *name = NULL;
1272                 uint32_t pid;
1273
1274                 r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "(sus)", &path, &pid, &name);
1275                 if (r < 0)
1276                         goto finish;
1277                 if (r == 0)
1278                         break;
1279
1280                 r = add_process(cgroups, path, pid, name);
1281                 if (r < 0)
1282                         goto finish;
1283         }
1284
1285         r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(reply);
1286         if (r < 0)
1287                 goto finish;
1288
1289         r = dump_processes(cgroups, cgroup_path, prefix, n_columns, flags);
1290         if (r < 0)
1291                 goto finish;
1292
1293         r = dump_extra_processes(cgroups, prefix, n_columns, flags);
1294
1295 finish:
1296         while ((cg = hashmap_first(cgroups)))
1297                remove_cgroup(cgroups, cg);
1298
1299         hashmap_free(cgroups);
1300
1301         return r;
1302 }