systemd System and Service Manager
+CHANGES WITH 242 in spe:
+
+ * In .link files, MACAddressPolicy=persistent (the default) is changed
+ to cover more devices. For devices like bridges, tun, tap, bond, and
+ similar interfaces that do not have other identifying information,
+ the interface name is used as the basis for persistent seed for MAC
+ and IPv4LL addresses. The way that devices that were handled
+ previously is not changed, and this change is about covering devices
+ then previously by the "persistent" policy.
+
+ MACAddressPolicy=random may be used to force randomized MACs and
+ IPv4LL addresses for a device if desired.
+
+ Hint: the log output from udev (at debug level) was enhanced to
+ clarify what policy is followed and which attributes are used.
+ `SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL=debug udevadm test-builtin net_setup_link /sys/class/net/<name>`
+ may be used to view this.
+
+ * The .device units generated by systemd-fstab-generator and other
+ generators do not automatically pull in the corresponding .mount unit
+ as a Wants= dependency. This means that simply plugging in the device
+ will not cause the mount unit to be started automatically. But please
+ note that the mount unit may be started for other reasons, in particular
+ if it is part of local-fs.target, and any unit which (transitively)
+ depends on local-fs.target is started.
+
+ * $PIDFILE is set to point the absolute path configured with PIDFile=
+ for processes of that service.
+
+ * The fallback DNS server list was augmented with Cloudflare public DNS
+ servers. Use `-Ddns-servers=` to set a different fallback.
+
+ * A new special target usb-gadget.target will be started automatically
+ when a USB Device Controller is detected (which means that the system
+ is a USB peripheral).
+
+ * A new unit setting CPUQuotaPeriodSec= assigns the CPU time quota
+ specified by CPUQuota= is measured.
+
+ A new unit setting ProtectHostname= may be used to prevent services
+ from modifying hostname information (even if they otherwise would
+ have privileges to do so).
+
+ A new unit setting NetworkNamespacePath= may be used to specify a
+ namespace for service or socket units through a path referring to a
+ Linux network namespace pseudo-file.
+
+ * systemd-networkd recognizes a new operation state 'enslaved',
+ used (instead of 'degraded' or 'carrier') for interfaces which form
+ a bridge, bond, or similar, and an new 'degraded-carrier'
+ operational state used for the bond or bridge master interface
+ when one of the enslaved devices is not operational.
+
+ The RequiredForOnline= setting in .network files may now specify a
+ minimum operational state required for the interface to be considered
+ "online" by systemd-networkd-wait-online.
+
+ * systemd-networkd now implements L2TP tunnels.
+
+ * Two new .network settings UseAutonomousPrefix= and UseOnLinkPrefix= may
+ be used to cause autonomous and onlink prefixes received in IPv6
+ Router Advertisements to be ignored.
+
+ New MulticastFlood=, NeighborSuppression=, and Learning= settings
+ may be used to tweak bridge behaviour.
+
+ * A new .netdev setting PrivateKeyFile= may be used to point to private
+ key for a WireGuard interface.
+
+ * crypttab now supports the same-cpu-crypt and submit-from-crypt-cpus
+ to tweak encryption work scheduling details.
+
+ * systemd-tmpfiles will now take a BSD file lock before operating on a
+ contents of directory. This may be used to temporarily exclude
+ directories from aging by taking the same lock (useful for example
+ when extracting a tarball into /tmp or /var/tmp as a privileged user,
+ which might create files with really old timestamps, which
+ nevertheless should not be deleted).
+
+ * sd-boot and bootctl now implement support for an Extended Boot Loader
+ (XBOOTLDR) partition, that is intended to be mounted to /boot, in
+ addition to the ESP partition mounted to /efi or /boot/efi.
+ Configuration file fragments, kernels, initrds and other EFI images
+ to boot will be loaded from both the ESP and XBOOTLDR partitions.
+ The XBOOTLDR partition was previously described by the Boot Loader
+ Specification, but implementation was missing in sd-boot.
+
+ * A system may now be booted with systemd.volatile=overlay, which
+ causes the root file system to be set up an overlayfs mount combining
+ the root-only root directory with a writable tmpfs. In this setup,
+ the underlying root device is not modified, and any changes are lost
+ at reboot.
+
+ * systemd-nspawn can now create volatile overlays with overlayfs.
+
+ * systemd-nspawn can now consume OCI runtime bundles using a new
+ --oci-bundle= option. This implementation is fully usable, with most
+ features in the specification implemented, but since this a lot of
+ new code and functionality, this feature should most likely not
+ be used in production yet.
+
+ systmed-nspawn now supports various options described by the
+ OCI runtime specification on the command-line and in .nspawn files:
+ --inaccessible=/Inaccessible= may be used to mask parts of the file
+ system tree, --console/--pipe may be used to configure how standard
+ input, output, and error are set up.
+
+ * busctl learned the `emit` verb to generate D-Bus signals.
+
+ * systemd-analyze cat-config may be used to gather and display
+ configuration spread over multiple files, for example system and user
+ presets, tmpfiles.d, sysusers.d, udev rules, etc.
+
+ * journalctl learnt a new --cursor-file option that points to a file
+ from which a cursor should be loaded in the beginning and to which
+ the updated cursor should be stored at the end.
+
+ * ACRN hypervisor and Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) are now
+ detected by systemd-detect-virt (and may also be used in
+ ConditionVirtualization=).
+
+ * The behaviour of systemd-logind may now be modified with environment
+ variables $SYSTEMD_REBOOT_TO_FIRMWARE_SETUP,
+ $SYSTEMD_REBOOT_TO_BOOT_LOADER_MENU, and
+ $SYSTEMD_REBOOT_TO_BOOT_LOADER_ENTRY. They cause logind to either
+ skip the relevant operation completely (when set to false), or to
+ create a flag file in /run/systemd (when set to true), instead of
+ actually commencing the real operation when requested. The presence
+ of /run/systemd/reboot-to-firmware-setup,
+ /run/systemd/reboot-to-boot-loader-menu, and
+ /run/systemd/reboot-to-boot-loader-entry, may be used by alternative
+ boot loader implementations to replace some steps logind performs
+ during reboot with their own operations.
+
+ * systemctl can be used to request a reboot into the boot loader menu
+ or a specific boot loader entry with the new --boot-load-menu=
+ and --boot-loader-entry= options to a reboot command.
+
+ * kernel-install will no longer unconditionally create the output
+ directory (e.g. /efi/<machine-id>/<kernel-version>) for boot loader
+ snippets, but will do only if the machine-specific parent directory
+ (i.e. /efi/<machine-id>/) already exists. bootctl has been modified
+ to create this parent directory during sd-boot installation.
+
+ This makes it easier to use kernel-install with plugins which support
+ a different layout of the bootloader partitions (for example grub2).
+
CHANGES WITH 241:
* The default locale can now be configured at compile time. Otherwise,
projects / thirdparty / systemd.git / commitdiff
