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Commit | Line | Data |
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d657c51f | 1 | systemd System and Service Manager |
220a21d3 | 2 | |
cd4010b3 LP |
3 | CHANGES WITH 208: |
4 | ||
5 | * logind has gained support for facilitating privileged input | |
6 | and drm device access for unprivileged clients. This work is | |
7 | useful to allow Wayland display servers (and similar | |
8 | programs, such as kmscon) to run under the user's ID and | |
9 | access input and drm devices which are normally | |
10 | protected. When this is used (and the kernel is new enough) | |
11 | logind will "mute" IO on the file descriptors passed to | |
12 | Wayland as long as it is in the background and "unmute" it | |
13 | if it returns into the foreground. This allows secure | |
14 | session switching without allowing background sessions to | |
15 | eavesdrop on input and display data. This also introduces | |
16 | session switching support if VT support is turned off in the | |
17 | kernel, and on seats that are not seat0. | |
18 | ||
19 | * A new kernel command line option luks.options= is understood | |
20 | now which allows specifiying LUKS options for usage for LUKS | |
21 | encrypted partitions specified with luks.uuid=. | |
22 | ||
23 | * tmpfiles.d(5) snippets may now use specifier expansion in | |
24 | path names. More specifically %m, %b, %H, %v, are now | |
25 | replaced by the local machine id, boot id, hostname, and | |
26 | kernel version number. | |
27 | ||
28 | * A new tmpfiles.d(5) command "m" has been introduced which | |
29 | may be used to change the owner/group/access mode of a file | |
30 | or directory if it exists, but do nothing if it doesn't. | |
31 | ||
32 | * This release removes high-level support for the | |
33 | MemorySoftLimit= cgroup setting. The underlying kernel | |
34 | cgroup attribute memory.soft_limit= is currently badly | |
35 | designed and likely to be removed from the kernel API in its | |
36 | current form, hence we shouldn't expose it for now. | |
37 | ||
38 | * The memory.use_hierarchy cgroup attribute is now enabled for | |
39 | all cgroups systemd creates in the memory cgroup | |
40 | hierarchy. This option is likely to be come the built-in | |
41 | default in the kernel anyway, and the non-hierarchial mode | |
42 | never made much sense in the intrinsically hierarchial | |
43 | cgroup system. | |
44 | ||
45 | * A new field _SYSTEMD_SLICE= is logged along with all journal | |
46 | messages containing the slice a message was generated | |
47 | from. This is useful to allow easy per-customer filtering of | |
48 | logs among other things. | |
49 | ||
50 | * systemd-journald will no longer adjust the group of journal | |
51 | files it creates to the "systemd-journal" group. Instead we | |
52 | rely on the journal directory to be owned by the | |
53 | "systemd-journal" group, and its setgid bit set, so that the | |
54 | kernel file system layer will automatically enforce that | |
55 | journal files inherit this group assignment. The reason for | |
56 | this change is that we cannot allow NSS look-ups from | |
57 | journald which would be necessary to resolve | |
58 | "systemd-journal" to a numeric GID, because this might | |
59 | create deadlocks if NSS involves synchronous queries to | |
60 | other daemons (such as nscd, or sssd) which in turn are | |
61 | logging clients of journald and might block on it, which | |
62 | would then dead lock. A tmpfiles.d(5) snippet included in | |
63 | systemd will make sure the setgid bit and group are | |
64 | properly set on the journal directory if it exists on every | |
65 | boot. However, we recommend adjusting it manually after | |
66 | upgrades too (or from RPM scriptlets), so that the change is | |
67 | not delayed until next reboot. | |
68 | ||
69 | * Backlight and random seed files in /var/lib/ have moved into | |
70 | the /var/lib/systemd/ directory, in order to centralize all | |
71 | systemd generated files in one directory. | |
72 | ||
73 | * Boot time performance measurements (as displayed by | |
74 | "systemd-analyze" for example) will now read ACPI 5.0 FPDT | |
75 | performance information if that's available to determine how | |
76 | much time BIOS and boot loader initialization required. With | |
77 | a sufficiently new BIOS you hence no longer need to boot | |
78 | with Gummiboot to get access to such information. | |
79 | ||
80 | Contributions from: Andrey Borzenkov, Chen Jie, Colin Walters, | |
81 | Cristian Rodríguez, Dave Reisner, David Herrmann, David | |
82 | Mackey, David Strauss, Eelco Dolstra, Evan Callicoat, Gao | |
83 | feng, Harald Hoyer, Jimmie Tauriainen, Kay Sievers, Lennart | |
84 | Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas, Martin Pitt, | |
85 | Michael Scherer, Michał Górny, Mike Gilbert, Patrick McCarty, | |
86 | Sebastian Ott, Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
87 | ||
88 | -- Berlin, 2013-10-02 | |
89 | ||
4f0be680 LP |
90 | CHANGES WITH 207: |
91 | ||
92 | * The Restart= option for services now understands a new | |
f3a165b0 | 93 | on-watchdog setting, which will restart the service |
4f0be680 LP |
94 | automatically if the service stops sending out watchdog keep |
95 | alive messages (as configured with WatchdogSec=). | |
96 | ||
97 | * The getty generator (which is responsible for bringing up a | |
98 | getty on configured serial consoles) will no longer only | |
99 | start a getty on the primary kernel console but on all | |
100 | others, too. This makes the order in which console= is | |
101 | specified on the kernel command line less important. | |
102 | ||
103 | * libsystemd-logind gained a new sd_session_get_vt() call to | |
104 | retrieve the VT number of a session. | |
105 | ||
106 | * If the option "tries=0" is set for an entry of /etc/crypttab | |
107 | its passphrase is queried indefinitely instead of any | |
108 | maximum number of tries. | |
109 | ||
110 | * If a service with a configure PID file terminates its PID | |
111 | file will now be removed automatically if it still exists | |
112 | afterwards. This should put an end to stale PID files. | |
113 | ||
114 | * systemd-run will now also take relative binary path names | |
115 | for execution and no longer insists on absolute paths. | |
116 | ||
117 | * InaccessibleDirectories= and ReadOnlyDirectories= now take | |
118 | paths that are optionally prefixed with "-" to indicate that | |
119 | it should not be considered a failure if they don't exist. | |
120 | ||
f3a165b0 KS |
121 | * journalctl -o (and similar commands) now understands a new |
122 | output mode "short-precise", it is similar to "short" but | |
4f0be680 LP |
123 | shows timestamps with usec accuracy. |
124 | ||
125 | * The option "discard" (as known from Debian) is now | |
126 | synonymous to "allow-discards" in /etc/crypttab. In fact, | |
387abf80 | 127 | "discard" is preferred now (since it is easier to remember |
4f0be680 LP |
128 | and type). |
129 | ||
f3a165b0 | 130 | * Some licensing clean-ups were made, so that more code is now |
4f0be680 LP |
131 | LGPL-2.1 licensed than before. |
132 | ||
133 | * A minimal tool to save/restore the display backlight | |
134 | brightness across reboots has been added. It will store the | |
f3a165b0 | 135 | backlight setting as late as possible at shutdown, and |
4f0be680 LP |
136 | restore it as early as possible during reboot. |
137 | ||
138 | * A logic to automatically discover and enable home and swap | |
139 | partitions on GPT disks has been added. With this in place | |
140 | /etc/fstab becomes optional for many setups as systemd can | |
141 | discover certain partitions located on the root disk | |
142 | automatically. Home partitions are recognized under their | |
143 | GPT type ID 933ac7e12eb44f13b8440e14e2aef915. Swap | |
144 | partitions are recognized under their GPT type ID | |
145 | 0657fd6da4ab43c484e50933c84b4f4f. | |
146 | ||
147 | * systemd will no longer pass any environment from the kernel | |
148 | or initrd to system services. If you want to set an | |
149 | environment for all services, do so via the kernel command | |
150 | line systemd.setenv= assignment. | |
151 | ||
387abf80 LP |
152 | * The systemd-sysctl tool no longer natively reads the file |
153 | /etc/sysctl.conf. If desired, the file should be symlinked | |
154 | from /etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf. Apart from providing | |
155 | legacy support by a symlink rather than built-in code, it | |
156 | also makes the otherwise hidden order of application of the | |
157 | different files visible. (Note that this partly reverts to a | |
158 | pre-198 application order of sysctl knobs!) | |
04bf3c1a | 159 | |
4f0be680 LP |
160 | * The "systemctl set-log-level" and "systemctl dump" commands |
161 | have been moved to systemd-analyze. | |
162 | ||
163 | * systemd-run learned the new --remain-after-exit switch, | |
164 | which causes the scope unit not to be cleaned up | |
165 | automatically after the process terminated. | |
166 | ||
167 | * tmpfiles learned a new --exclude-prefix= switch to exclude | |
168 | certain paths from operation. | |
169 | ||
170 | * journald will now automatically flush all messages to disk | |
171 | as soon as a message of the log priorities CRIT, ALERT or | |
172 | EMERG is received. | |
173 | ||
174 | Contributions from: Andrew Cook, Brandon Philips, Christian | |
175 | Hesse, Christoph Junghans, Colin Walters, Daniel Schaal, | |
176 | Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner, David Herrmann, Gao feng, George | |
177 | McCollister, Giovanni Campagna, Hannes Reinecke, Harald Hoyer, | |
178 | Herczeg Zsolt, Holger Hans Peter Freyther, Jan Engelhardt, | |
179 | Jesper Larsen, Kay Sievers, Khem Raj, Lennart Poettering, | |
180 | Lukas Nykryn, Maciej Wereski, Mantas Mikulėnas, Marcel | |
181 | Holtmann, Martin Pitt, Michael Biebl, Michael Marineau, | |
182 | Michael Scherer, Michael Stapelberg, Michal Sekletar, Michał | |
183 | Górny, Olivier Brunel, Ondrej Balaz, Ronny Chevalier, Shawn | |
184 | Landden, Steven Hiscocks, Thomas Bächler, Thomas Hindoe | |
185 | Paaboel Andersen, Tom Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, WANG Chao, | |
186 | William Giokas, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
187 | ||
188 | -- Berlin, 2013-09-13 | |
189 | ||
408f281b LP |
190 | CHANGES WITH 206: |
191 | ||
192 | * The documentation has been updated to cover the various new | |
193 | concepts introduced with 205. | |
194 | ||
195 | * Unit files now understand the new %v specifier which | |
196 | resolves to the kernel version string as returned by "uname | |
197 | -r". | |
198 | ||
199 | * systemctl now supports filtering the unit list output by | |
200 | load state, active state and sub state, using the new | |
33b521be | 201 | --state= parameter. |
408f281b LP |
202 | |
203 | * "systemctl status" will now show the results of the | |
204 | condition checks (like ConditionPathExists= and similar) of | |
205 | the last start attempts of the unit. They are also logged to | |
206 | the journal. | |
207 | ||
208 | * "journalctl -b" may now be used to look for boot output of a | |
209 | specific boot. Try "journalctl -b -1" for the previous boot, | |
210 | but the syntax is substantially more powerful. | |
211 | ||
212 | * "journalctl --show-cursor" has been added which prints the | |
213 | cursor string the last shown log line. This may then be used | |
214 | with the new "journalctl --after-cursor=" switch to continue | |
215 | browsing logs from that point on. | |
216 | ||
217 | * "journalctl --force" may now be used to force regeneration | |
218 | of an FSS key. | |
219 | ||
251cc819 LP |
220 | * Creation of "dead" device nodes has been moved from udev |
221 | into kmod and tmpfiles. Previously, udev would read the kmod | |
222 | databases to pre-generate dead device nodes based on meta | |
223 | information contained in kernel modules, so that these would | |
224 | be auto-loaded on access rather then at boot. As this | |
225 | doesn't really have much to do with the exposing actual | |
226 | kernel devices to userspace this has always been slightly | |
227 | alien in the udev codebase. Following the new scheme kmod | |
228 | will now generate a runtime snippet for tmpfiles from the | |
229 | module meta information and it now is tmpfiles' job to the | |
230 | create the nodes. This also allows overriding access and | |
231 | other parameters for the nodes using the usual tmpfiles | |
232 | facilities. As side effect this allows us to remove the | |
233 | CAP_SYS_MKNOD capability bit from udevd entirely. | |
234 | ||
235 | * logind's device ACLs may now be applied to these "dead" | |
236 | devices nodes too, thus finally allowing managed access to | |
237 | devices such as /dev/snd/sequencer whithout loading the | |
238 | backing module right-away. | |
408f281b LP |
239 | |
240 | * A new RPM macro has been added that may be used to apply | |
241 | tmpfiles configuration during package installation. | |
242 | ||
243 | * systemd-detect-virt and ConditionVirtualization= now can | |
244 | detect User-Mode-Linux machines (UML). | |
245 | ||
251cc819 LP |
246 | * journald will now implicitly log the effective capabilities |
247 | set of processes in the message metadata. | |
408f281b LP |
248 | |
249 | * systemd-cryptsetup has gained support for TrueCrypt volumes. | |
250 | ||
251 | * The initrd interface has been simplified (more specifically, | |
252 | support for passing performance data via environment | |
253 | variables and fsck results via files in /run has been | |
254 | removed). These features were non-essential, and are | |
255 | nowadays available in a much nicer way by having systemd in | |
256 | the initrd serialize its state and have the hosts systemd | |
257 | deserialize it again. | |
258 | ||
28f5c779 KS |
259 | * The udev "keymap" data files and tools to apply keyboard |
260 | specific mappings of scan to key codes, and force-release | |
261 | scan code lists have been entirely replaced by a udev | |
262 | "keyboard" builtin and a hwdb data file. | |
408f281b | 263 | |
251cc819 LP |
264 | * systemd will now honour the kernel's "quiet" command line |
265 | argument also during late shutdown, resulting in a | |
266 | completely silent shutdown when used. | |
267 | ||
268 | * There's now an option to control the SO_REUSEPORT socket | |
269 | option in .socket units. | |
270 | ||
271 | * Instance units will now automatically get a per-template | |
272 | subslice of system.slice unless something else is explicitly | |
273 | configured. For example, instances of sshd@.service will now | |
274 | implicitly be placed in system-sshd.slice rather than | |
275 | system.slice as before. | |
276 | ||
277 | * Test coverage support may now be enabled at build time. | |
278 | ||
279 | Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Frederic Crozat, Harald | |
280 | Hoyer, Holger Hans Peter Freyther, Jan Engelhardt, Jan | |
281 | Janssen, Jason St. John, Jesper Larsen, Kay Sievers, Lennart | |
282 | Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Maciej Wereski, Martin Pitt, Michael | |
283 | Olbrich, Ramkumar Ramachandra, Ross Lagerwall, Shawn Landden, | |
284 | Thomas H.P. Andersen, Tom Gundersen, Tomasz Torcz, William | |
285 | Giokas, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
286 | ||
4f0be680 LP |
287 | -- Berlin, 2013-07-23 |
288 | ||
00aa832b LP |
289 | CHANGES WITH 205: |
290 | ||
291 | * Two new unit types have been introduced: | |
292 | ||
293 | Scope units are very similar to service units, however, are | |
294 | created out of pre-existing processes -- instead of PID 1 | |
295 | forking off the processes. By using scope units it is | |
296 | possible for system services and applications to group their | |
297 | own child processes (worker processes) in a powerful way | |
298 | which then maybe used to organize them, or kill them | |
299 | together, or apply resource limits on them. | |
300 | ||
301 | Slice units may be used to partition system resources in an | |
302 | hierarchial fashion and then assign other units to them. By | |
303 | default there are now three slices: system.slice (for all | |
304 | system services), user.slice (for all user sessions), | |
305 | machine.slice (for VMs and containers). | |
306 | ||
307 | Slices and scopes have been introduced primarily in | |
308 | context of the work to move cgroup handling to a | |
309 | single-writer scheme, where only PID 1 | |
310 | creates/removes/manages cgroups. | |
311 | ||
312 | * There's a new concept of "transient" units. In contrast to | |
313 | normal units these units are created via an API at runtime, | |
314 | not from configuration from disk. More specifically this | |
315 | means it is now possible to run arbitrary programs as | |
316 | independent services, with all execution parameters passed | |
317 | in via bus APIs rather than read from disk. Transient units | |
318 | make systemd substantially more dynamic then it ever was, | |
319 | and useful as a general batch manager. | |
320 | ||
321 | * logind has been updated to make use of scope and slice units | |
322 | for managing user sessions. As a user logs in he will get | |
323 | his own private slice unit, to which all sessions are added | |
324 | as scope units. We also added support for automatically | |
325 | adding an instance of user@.service for the user into the | |
326 | slice. Effectively logind will no longer create cgroup | |
327 | hierarchies on its own now, it will defer entirely to PID 1 | |
328 | for this by means of scope, service and slice units. Since | |
329 | user sessions this way become entities managed by PID 1 | |
330 | the output of "systemctl" is now a lot more comprehensive. | |
331 | ||
332 | * A new mini-daemon "systemd-machined" has been added which | |
333 | may be used by virtualization managers to register local | |
334 | VMs/containers. nspawn has been updated accordingly, and | |
335 | libvirt will be updated shortly. machined will collect a bit | |
336 | of meta information about the VMs/containers, and assign | |
337 | them their own scope unit (see above). The collected | |
338 | meta-data is then made available via the "machinectl" tool, | |
339 | and exposed in "ps" and similar tools. machined/machinectl | |
340 | is compile-time optional. | |
341 | ||
342 | * As discussed earlier, the low-level cgroup configuration | |
343 | options ControlGroup=, ControlGroupModify=, | |
344 | ControlGroupPersistent=, ControlGroupAttribute= have been | |
345 | removed. Please use high-level attribute settings instead as | |
346 | well as slice units. | |
347 | ||
348 | * A new bus call SetUnitProperties() has been added to alter | |
349 | various runtime parameters of a unit. This is primarily | |
350 | useful to alter cgroup parameters dynamically in a nice way, | |
351 | but will be extended later on to make more properties | |
352 | modifiable at runtime. systemctl gained a new set-properties | |
353 | command that wraps this call. | |
354 | ||
355 | * A new tool "systemd-run" has been added which can be used to | |
356 | run arbitrary command lines as transient services or scopes, | |
357 | while configuring a number of settings via the command | |
358 | line. This tool is currently very basic, however already | |
359 | very useful. We plan to extend this tool to even allow | |
360 | queuing of execution jobs with time triggers from the | |
361 | command line, similar in fashion to "at". | |
362 | ||
363 | * nspawn will now inform the user explicitly that kernels with | |
364 | audit enabled break containers, and suggest the user to turn | |
365 | off audit. | |
366 | ||
367 | * Support for detecting the IMA and AppArmor security | |
368 | frameworks with ConditionSecurity= has been added. | |
369 | ||
370 | * journalctl gained a new "-k" switch for showing only kernel | |
1fda0ab5 ZJS |
371 | messages, mimicking dmesg output; in addition to "--user" |
372 | and "--system" switches for showing only user's own logs | |
373 | and system logs. | |
00aa832b LP |
374 | |
375 | * systemd-delta can now show information about drop-in | |
376 | snippets extending unit files. | |
377 | ||
378 | * libsystemd-bus has been substantially updated but is still | |
379 | not available as public API. | |
380 | ||
381 | * systemd will now look for the "debug" argument on the kernel | |
382 | command line and enable debug logging, similar to | |
383 | "systemd.log_level=debug" already did before. | |
384 | ||
385 | * "systemctl set-default", "systemctl get-default" has been | |
386 | added to configure the default.target symlink, which | |
387 | controls what to boot into by default. | |
388 | ||
1fda0ab5 ZJS |
389 | * "systemctl set-log-level" has been added as a convenient |
390 | way to raise and lower systemd logging threshold. | |
391 | ||
00aa832b LP |
392 | * "systemd-analyze plot" will now show the time the various |
393 | generators needed for execution, as well as information | |
394 | about the unit file loading. | |
395 | ||
00aa832b LP |
396 | * libsystemd-journal gained a new sd_journal_open_files() call |
397 | for opening specific journal files. journactl also gained a | |
398 | new switch to expose this new functionality. Previously we | |
399 | only supported opening all files from a directory, or all | |
400 | files from the system, as opening individual files only is | |
401 | racy due to journal file rotation. | |
402 | ||
403 | * systemd gained the new DefaultEnvironment= setting in | |
404 | /etc/systemd/system.conf to set environment variables for | |
405 | all services. | |
406 | ||
407 | * If a privileged process logs a journal message with the | |
408 | OBJECT_PID= field set, then journald will automatically | |
409 | augment this with additional OBJECT_UID=, OBJECT_GID=, | |
410 | OBJECT_COMM=, OBJECT_EXE=, ... fields. This is useful if | |
411 | system services want to log events about specific client | |
412 | processes. journactl/systemctl has been updated to make use | |
413 | of this information if all log messages regarding a specific | |
414 | unit is requested. | |
415 | ||
416 | Contributions from: Auke Kok, Chengwei Yang, Colin Walters, | |
417 | Cristian Rodríguez, Daniel Albers, Daniel Wallace, Dave | |
418 | Reisner, David Coppa, David King, David Strauss, Eelco | |
419 | Dolstra, Gabriel de Perthuis, Harald Hoyer, Jan Alexander | |
420 | Steffens, Jan Engelhardt, Jan Janssen, Jason St. John, Johan | |
421 | Heikkilä, Karel Zak, Karol Lewandowski, Kay Sievers, Lennart | |
422 | Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas, Marius Vollmer, | |
423 | Martin Pitt, Michael Biebl, Michael Olbrich, Michael Tremer, | |
424 | Michal Schmidt, Michał Bartoszkiewicz, Nirbheek Chauhan, | |
425 | Pierre Neidhardt, Ross Burton, Ross Lagerwall, Sean McGovern, | |
426 | Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tom Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, | |
427 | Václav Pavlín, Zachary Cook, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek, | |
428 | Łukasz Stelmach, 장동준 | |
429 | ||
606c24e3 LP |
430 | CHANGES WITH 204: |
431 | ||
432 | * The Python bindings gained some minimal support for the APIs | |
433 | exposed by libsystemd-logind. | |
434 | ||
435 | * ConditionSecurity= gained support for detecting SMACK. Since | |
436 | this condition already supports SELinux and AppArmor we only | |
437 | miss IMA for this. Patches welcome! | |
438 | ||
439 | Contributions from: Karol Lewandowski, Lennart Poettering, | |
440 | Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
441 | ||
2f3fcf85 LP |
442 | CHANGES WITH 203: |
443 | ||
444 | * systemd-nspawn will now create /etc/resolv.conf if | |
445 | necessary, before bind-mounting the host's file onto it. | |
446 | ||
447 | * systemd-nspawn will now store meta information about a | |
448 | container on the container's cgroup as extended attribute | |
449 | fields, including the root directory. | |
450 | ||
451 | * The cgroup hierarchy has been reworked in many ways. All | |
452 | objects any of the components systemd creates in the cgroup | |
b82eed9a | 453 | tree are now suffixed. More specifically, user sessions are |
2f3fcf85 LP |
454 | now placed in cgroups suffixed with ".session", users in |
455 | cgroups suffixed with ".user", and nspawn containers in | |
456 | cgroups suffixed with ".nspawn". Furthermore, all cgroup | |
457 | names are now escaped in a simple scheme to avoid collision | |
458 | of userspace object names with kernel filenames. This work | |
459 | is preparation for making these objects relocatable in the | |
460 | cgroup tree, in order to allow easy resource partitioning of | |
461 | these objects without causing naming conflicts. | |
462 | ||
463 | * systemctl list-dependencies gained the new switches | |
464 | --plain, --reverse, --after and --before. | |
465 | ||
466 | * systemd-inhibit now shows the process name of processes that | |
467 | have taken an inhibitor lock. | |
468 | ||
469 | * nss-myhostname will now also resolve "localhost" | |
470 | implicitly. This makes /etc/hosts an optional file and | |
471 | nicely handles that on IPv6 ::1 maps to both "localhost" and | |
472 | the local hostname. | |
473 | ||
474 | * libsystemd-logind.so gained a new call | |
475 | sd_get_machine_names() to enumerate running containers and | |
476 | VMs (currently only supported by very new libvirt and | |
477 | nspawn). sd_login_monitor can now be used to watch | |
478 | VMs/containers coming and going. | |
479 | ||
480 | * .include is not allowed recursively anymore, and only in | |
481 | unit files. Usually it is better to use drop-in snippets in | |
482 | .d/*.conf anyway, as introduced with systemd 198. | |
483 | ||
484 | * systemd-analyze gained a new "critical-chain" command that | |
485 | determines the slowest chain of units run during system | |
486 | boot-up. It is very useful for tracking down where | |
487 | optimizing boot time is the most beneficial. | |
488 | ||
489 | * systemd will no longer allow manipulating service paths in | |
490 | the name=systemd:/system cgroup tree using ControlGroup= in | |
491 | units. (But is still fine with it in all other dirs.) | |
492 | ||
493 | * There's a new systemd-nspawn@.service service file that may | |
494 | be used to easily run nspawn containers as system | |
495 | services. With the container's root directory in | |
496 | /var/lib/container/foobar it is now sufficient to run | |
497 | "systemctl start systemd-nspawn@foobar.service" to boot it. | |
498 | ||
499 | * systemd-cgls gained a new parameter "--machine" to list only | |
500 | the processes within a certain container. | |
501 | ||
502 | * ConditionSecurity= now can check for "apparmor". We still | |
503 | are lacking checks for SMACK and IMA for this condition | |
504 | check though. Patches welcome! | |
505 | ||
506 | * A new configuration file /etc/systemd/sleep.conf has been | |
507 | added that may be used to configure which kernel operation | |
508 | systemd is supposed to execute when "suspend", "hibernate" | |
509 | or "hybrid-sleep" is requested. This makes the new kernel | |
510 | "freeze" state accessible to the user. | |
511 | ||
512 | * ENV{SYSTEMD_WANTS} in udev rules will now implicitly escape | |
513 | the passed argument if applicable. | |
514 | ||
515 | Contributions from: Auke Kok, Colin Guthrie, Colin Walters, | |
516 | Cristian Rodríguez, Daniel Buch, Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner, | |
517 | Evangelos Foutras, Greg Kroah-Hartman, Harald Hoyer, Josh | |
518 | Triplett, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, | |
519 | MUNEDA Takahiro, Mantas Mikulėnas, Mirco Tischler, Nathaniel | |
520 | Chen, Nirbheek Chauhan, Ronny Chevalier, Ross Lagerwall, Tom | |
521 | Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, Ville Skyttä, Zbigniew | |
522 | Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
523 | ||
ef3b5246 LP |
524 | CHANGES WITH 202: |
525 | ||
526 | * The output of 'systemctl list-jobs' got some polishing. The | |
527 | '--type=' argument may now be passed more than once. A new | |
528 | command 'systemctl list-sockets' has been added which shows | |
529 | a list of kernel sockets systemd is listening on with the | |
530 | socket units they belong to, plus the units these socket | |
531 | units activate. | |
532 | ||
533 | * The experimental libsystemd-bus library got substantial | |
534 | updates to work in conjunction with the (also experimental) | |
535 | kdbus kernel project. It works well enough to exchange | |
536 | messages with some sophistication. Note that kdbus is not | |
537 | ready yet, and the library is mostly an elaborate test case | |
538 | for now, and not installable. | |
539 | ||
540 | * systemd gained a new unit 'systemd-static-nodes.service' | |
541 | that generates static device nodes earlier during boot, and | |
542 | can run in conjunction with udev. | |
543 | ||
544 | * libsystemd-login gained a new call sd_pid_get_user_unit() | |
545 | to retrieve the user systemd unit a process is running | |
546 | in. This is useful for systems where systemd is used as | |
547 | session manager. | |
548 | ||
549 | * systemd-nspawn now places all containers in the new /machine | |
550 | top-level cgroup directory in the name=systemd | |
551 | hierarchy. libvirt will soon do the same, so that we get a | |
552 | uniform separation of /system, /user and /machine for system | |
553 | services, user processes and containers/virtual | |
554 | machines. This new cgroup hierarchy is also useful to stick | |
555 | stable names to specific container instances, which can be | |
7c04ad2d | 556 | recognized later this way (this name may be controlled |
ef3b5246 LP |
557 | via systemd-nspawn's new -M switch). libsystemd-login also |
558 | gained a new call sd_pid_get_machine_name() to retrieve the | |
559 | name of the container/VM a specific process belongs to. | |
560 | ||
561 | * bootchart can now store its data in the journal. | |
562 | ||
563 | * libsystemd-journal gained a new call | |
564 | sd_journal_add_conjunction() for AND expressions to the | |
565 | matching logic. This can be used to express more complex | |
566 | logical expressions. | |
567 | ||
568 | * journactl can now take multiple --unit= and --user-unit= | |
569 | switches. | |
570 | ||
571 | * The cryptsetup logic now understands the "luks.key=" kernel | |
572 | command line switch for specifying a file to read the | |
7c04ad2d | 573 | decryption key from. Also, if a configured key file is not |
ef3b5246 LP |
574 | found the tool will now automatically fall back to prompting |
575 | the user. | |
576 | ||
cbeabcfb ZJS |
577 | * Python systemd.journal module was updated to wrap recently |
578 | added functions from libsystemd-journal. The interface was | |
579 | changed to bring the low level interface in s.j._Reader | |
580 | closer to the C API, and the high level interface in | |
581 | s.j.Reader was updated to wrap and convert all data about | |
582 | an entry. | |
583 | ||
ef3b5246 LP |
584 | Contributions from: Anatol Pomozov, Auke Kok, Harald Hoyer, |
585 | Henrik Grindal Bakken, Josh Triplett, Kay Sievers, Lennart | |
586 | Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas Marius Vollmer, | |
587 | Martin Jansa, Martin Pitt, Michael Biebl, Michal Schmidt, | |
588 | Mirco Tischler, Pali Rohar, Simon Peeters, Steven Hiscocks, | |
589 | Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
590 | ||
d3a86981 LP |
591 | CHANGES WITH 201: |
592 | ||
593 | * journalctl --update-catalog now understands a new --root= | |
594 | option to operate on catalogs found in a different root | |
595 | directory. | |
596 | ||
597 | * During shutdown after systemd has terminated all running | |
598 | services a final killing loop kills all remaining left-over | |
599 | processes. We will now print the name of these processes | |
600 | when we send SIGKILL to them, since this usually indicates a | |
601 | problem. | |
602 | ||
603 | * If /etc/crypttab refers to password files stored on | |
604 | configured mount points automatic dependencies will now be | |
605 | generated to ensure the specific mount is established first | |
606 | before the key file is attempted to be read. | |
607 | ||
608 | * 'systemctl status' will now show information about the | |
609 | network sockets a socket unit is listening on. | |
610 | ||
611 | * 'systemctl status' will also shown information about any | |
612 | drop-in configuration file for units. (Drop-In configuration | |
613 | files in this context are files such as | |
614 | /etc/systemd/systemd/foobar.service.d/*.conf) | |
615 | ||
616 | * systemd-cgtop now optionally shows summed up CPU times of | |
617 | cgroups. Press '%' while running cgtop to switch between | |
618 | percentage and absolute mode. This is useful to determine | |
619 | which cgroups use up the most CPU time over the entire | |
620 | runtime of the system. systemd-cgtop has also been updated | |
621 | to be 'pipeable' for processing with further shell tools. | |
622 | ||
623 | * 'hostnamectl set-hostname' will now allow setting of FQDN | |
624 | hostnames. | |
625 | ||
626 | * The formatting and parsing of time span values has been | |
627 | changed. The parser now understands fractional expressions | |
628 | such as "5.5h". The formatter will now output fractional | |
629 | expressions for all time spans under 1min, i.e. "5.123456s" | |
630 | rather than "5s 123ms 456us". For time spans under 1s | |
631 | millisecond values are shown, for those under 1ms | |
632 | microsecond values are shown. This should greatly improve | |
633 | all time-related output of systemd. | |
634 | ||
635 | * libsystemd-login and libsystemd-journal gained new | |
636 | functions for querying the poll() events mask and poll() | |
637 | timeout value for integration into arbitrary event | |
638 | loops. | |
639 | ||
640 | * localectl gained the ability to list available X11 keymaps | |
641 | (models, layouts, variants, options). | |
642 | ||
643 | * 'systemd-analyze dot' gained the ability to filter for | |
644 | specific units via shell-style globs, to create smaller, | |
645 | more useful graphs. I.e. it's now possible to create simple | |
646 | graphs of all the dependencies between only target units, or | |
647 | of all units that Avahi has dependencies with. | |
648 | ||
649 | Contributions from: Cristian Rodríguez, Dr. Tilmann Bubeck, | |
650 | Harald Hoyer, Holger Hans Peter Freyther, Kay Sievers, Kelly | |
651 | Anderson, Koen Kooi, Lennart Poettering, Maksim Melnikau, | |
652 | Marc-Antoine Perennou, Marius Vollmer, Martin Pitt, Michal | |
653 | Schmidt, Oleksii Shevchuk, Ronny Chevalier, Simon McVittie, | |
654 | Steven Hiscocks, Thomas Weißschuh, Umut Tezduyar, Václav | |
655 | Pavlín, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek, Łukasz Stelmach | |
656 | ||
9ca3c17f LP |
657 | CHANGES WITH 200: |
658 | ||
659 | * The boot-time readahead implementation for rotating media | |
660 | will now read the read-ahead data in multiple passes which | |
661 | consist of all read requests made in equidistant time | |
662 | intervals. This means instead of strictly reading read-ahead | |
663 | data in its physical order on disk we now try to find a | |
664 | middle ground between physical and access time order. | |
665 | ||
666 | * /etc/os-release files gained a new BUILD_ID= field for usage | |
667 | on operating systems that provide continuous builds of OS | |
668 | images. | |
669 | ||
670 | Contributions from: Auke Kok, Eelco Dolstra, Kay Sievers, | |
671 | Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Martin Pitt, Václav Pavlín | |
672 | William Douglas, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
673 | ||
35911459 LP |
674 | CHANGES WITH 199: |
675 | ||
676 | * systemd-python gained an API exposing libsystemd-daemon. | |
677 | ||
678 | * The SMACK setup logic gained support for uploading CIPSO | |
679 | security policy. | |
680 | ||
681 | * Behaviour of PrivateTmp=, ReadWriteDirectories=, | |
682 | ReadOnlyDirectories= and InaccessibleDirectories= has | |
683 | changed. The private /tmp and /var/tmp directories are now | |
684 | shared by all processes of a service (which means | |
685 | ExecStartPre= may now leave data in /tmp that ExecStart= of | |
686 | the same service can still access). When a service is | |
687 | stopped its temporary directories are immediately deleted | |
a87197f5 | 688 | (normal clean-up with tmpfiles is still done in addition to |
35911459 LP |
689 | this though). |
690 | ||
691 | * By default, systemd will now set a couple of sysctl | |
692 | variables in the kernel: the safe sysrq options are turned | |
693 | on, IP route verification is turned on, and source routing | |
694 | disabled. The recently added hardlink and softlink | |
695 | protection of the kernel is turned on. These settings should | |
696 | be reasonably safe, and good defaults for all new systems. | |
697 | ||
698 | * The predictable network naming logic may now be turned off | |
a87197f5 | 699 | with a new kernel command line switch: net.ifnames=0. |
35911459 LP |
700 | |
701 | * A new libsystemd-bus module has been added that implements a | |
702 | pretty complete D-Bus client library. For details see: | |
703 | ||
704 | http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2013-March/009797.html | |
705 | ||
c20d8298 | 706 | * journald will now explicitly flush the journal files to disk |
a87197f5 ZJS |
707 | at the latest 5min after each write. The file will then also |
708 | be marked offline until the next write. This should increase | |
709 | reliability in case of a crash. The synchronization delay | |
710 | can be configured via SyncIntervalSec= in journald.conf. | |
35911459 LP |
711 | |
712 | * There's a new remote-fs-setup.target unit that can be used | |
713 | to pull in specific services when at least one remote file | |
714 | system is to be mounted. | |
715 | ||
716 | * There are new targets timers.target and paths.target as | |
717 | canonical targets to pull user timer and path units in | |
718 | from. This complements sockets.target with a similar | |
719 | purpose for socket units. | |
720 | ||
6a7d3d68 LP |
721 | * libudev gained a new call udev_device_set_attribute_value() |
722 | to set sysfs attributes of a device. | |
723 | ||
a87197f5 ZJS |
724 | * The udev daemon now sets the default number of worker |
725 | processes executed in parallel based on the number of available | |
c20d8298 | 726 | CPUs instead of the amount of available RAM. This is supposed |
ab06eef8 | 727 | to provide a more reliable default and limit a too aggressive |
c20d8298 KS |
728 | paralellism for setups with 1000s of devices connected. |
729 | ||
35911459 LP |
730 | Contributions from: Auke Kok, Colin Walters, Cristian |
731 | Rodríguez, Daniel Buch, Dave Reisner, Frederic Crozat, Hannes | |
732 | Reinecke, Harald Hoyer, Jan Alexander Steffens, Jan | |
733 | Engelhardt, Josh Triplett, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, | |
734 | Mantas Mikulėnas, Martin Pitt, Mathieu Bridon, Michael Biebl, | |
735 | Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Miklos Vajna, Nathaniel Chen, | |
736 | Oleksii Shevchuk, Ozan Çağlayan, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel | |
737 | Andersen, Tollef Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, | |
738 | Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
739 | ||
85d68397 LP |
740 | CHANGES WITH 198: |
741 | ||
742 | * Configuration of unit files may now be extended via drop-in | |
743 | files without having to edit/override the unit files | |
744 | themselves. More specifically, if the administrator wants to | |
745 | change one value for a service file foobar.service he can | |
746 | now do so by dropping in a configuration snippet into | |
ad88e758 | 747 | /etc/systemd/system/foobar.service.d/*.conf. The unit logic |
85d68397 LP |
748 | will load all these snippets and apply them on top of the |
749 | main unit configuration file, possibly extending or | |
750 | overriding its settings. Using these drop-in snippets is | |
40e21da8 KS |
751 | generally nicer than the two earlier options for changing |
752 | unit files locally: copying the files from | |
85d68397 LP |
753 | /usr/lib/systemd/system/ to /etc/systemd/system/ and editing |
754 | them there; or creating a new file in /etc/systemd/system/ | |
755 | that incorporates the original one via ".include". Drop-in | |
756 | snippets into these .d/ directories can be placed in any | |
fd868975 | 757 | directory systemd looks for units in, and the usual |
85d68397 LP |
758 | overriding semantics between /usr/lib, /etc and /run apply |
759 | for them too. | |
760 | ||
761 | * Most unit file settings which take lists of items can now be | |
6aa8d43a | 762 | reset by assigning the empty string to them. For example, |
85d68397 LP |
763 | normally, settings such as Environment=FOO=BAR append a new |
764 | environment variable assignment to the environment block, | |
765 | each time they are used. By assigning Environment= the empty | |
766 | string the environment block can be reset to empty. This is | |
767 | particularly useful with the .d/*.conf drop-in snippets | |
156f7d09 KS |
768 | mentioned above, since this adds the ability to reset list |
769 | settings from vendor unit files via these drop-ins. | |
85d68397 LP |
770 | |
771 | * systemctl gained a new "list-dependencies" command for | |
772 | listing the dependencies of a unit recursively. | |
773 | ||
40e21da8 | 774 | * Inhibitors are now honored and listed by "systemctl |
85d68397 LP |
775 | suspend", "systemctl poweroff" (and similar) too, not only |
776 | GNOME. These commands will also list active sessions by | |
777 | other users. | |
778 | ||
779 | * Resource limits (as exposed by the various control group | |
780 | controllers) can now be controlled dynamically at runtime | |
781 | for all units. More specifically, you can now use a command | |
782 | like "systemctl set-cgroup-attr foobar.service cpu.shares | |
783 | 2000" to alter the CPU shares a specific service gets. These | |
6aa8d43a | 784 | settings are stored persistently on disk, and thus allow the |
85d68397 LP |
785 | administrator to easily adjust the resource usage of |
786 | services with a few simple commands. This dynamic resource | |
6aa8d43a | 787 | management logic is also available to other programs via the |
85d68397 LP |
788 | bus. Almost any kernel cgroup attribute and controller is |
789 | supported. | |
790 | ||
791 | * systemd-vconsole-setup will now copy all font settings to | |
6aa8d43a LP |
792 | all allocated VTs, where it previously applied them only to |
793 | the foreground VT. | |
85d68397 LP |
794 | |
795 | * libsystemd-login gained the new sd_session_get_tty() API | |
796 | call. | |
797 | ||
6aa8d43a LP |
798 | * This release drops support for a few legacy or |
799 | distribution-specific LSB facility names when parsing init | |
800 | scripts: $x-display-manager, $mail-transfer-agent, | |
85d68397 LP |
801 | $mail-transport-agent, $mail-transfer-agent, $smtp, |
802 | $null. Also, the mail-transfer-agent.target unit backing | |
803 | this has been removed. Distributions which want to retain | |
6aa8d43a LP |
804 | compatibility with this should carry the burden for |
805 | supporting this themselves and patch support for these back | |
806 | in, if they really need to. Also, the facilities $syslog and | |
807 | $local_fs are now ignored, since systemd does not support | |
808 | early-boot LSB init scripts anymore, and these facilities | |
809 | are implied anyway for normal services. syslog.target has | |
810 | also been removed. | |
85d68397 | 811 | |
40e21da8 | 812 | * There are new bus calls on PID1's Manager object for |
6aa8d43a | 813 | cancelling jobs, and removing snapshot units. Previously, |
85d68397 LP |
814 | both calls were only available on the Job and Snapshot |
815 | objects themselves. | |
816 | ||
817 | * systemd-journal-gatewayd gained SSL support. | |
818 | ||
819 | * The various "environment" files, such as /etc/locale.conf | |
820 | now support continuation lines with a backslash ("\") as | |
821 | last character in the line, similar in style (but different) | |
822 | to how this is supported in shells. | |
823 | ||
824 | * For normal user processes the _SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT= field is | |
825 | now implicitly appended to every log entry logged. systemctl | |
826 | has been updated to filter by this field when operating on a | |
827 | user systemd instance. | |
828 | ||
829 | * nspawn will now implicitly add the CAP_AUDIT_WRITE and | |
830 | CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL capabilities to the capabilities set for | |
831 | the container. This makes it easier to boot unmodified | |
832 | Fedora systems in a container, which however still requires | |
833 | audit=0 to be passed on the kernel command line. Auditing in | |
834 | kernel and userspace is unfortunately still too broken in | |
835 | context of containers, hence we recommend compiling it out | |
836 | of the kernel or using audit=0. Hopefully this will be fixed | |
837 | one day for good in the kernel. | |
838 | ||
839 | * nspawn gained the new --bind= and --bind-ro= parameters to | |
840 | bind mount specific directories from the host into the | |
841 | container. | |
842 | ||
40e21da8 | 843 | * nspawn will now mount its own devpts file system instance |
6aa8d43a | 844 | into the container, in order not to leak pty devices from |
85d68397 LP |
845 | the host into the container. |
846 | ||
847 | * systemd will now read the firmware boot time performance | |
6aa8d43a LP |
848 | information from the EFI variables, if the used boot loader |
849 | supports this, and takes it into account for boot performance | |
850 | analysis via "systemd-analyze". This is currently supported | |
851 | only in conjunction with Gummiboot, but could be supported | |
852 | by other boot loaders too. For details see: | |
85d68397 LP |
853 | |
854 | http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/BootLoaderInterface | |
855 | ||
856 | * A new generator has been added that automatically mounts the | |
857 | EFI System Partition (ESP) to /boot, if that directory | |
6aa8d43a LP |
858 | exists, is empty, and no other file system has been |
859 | configured to be mounted there. | |
85d68397 LP |
860 | |
861 | * logind will now send out PrepareForSleep(false) out | |
862 | unconditionally, after coming back from suspend. This may be | |
863 | used by applications as asynchronous notification for | |
864 | system resume events. | |
865 | ||
866 | * "systemctl unlock-sessions" has been added, that allows | |
867 | unlocking the screens of all user sessions at once, similar | |
868 | how "systemctl lock-sessions" already locked all users | |
40e21da8 | 869 | sessions. This is backed by a new D-Bus call UnlockSessions(). |
85d68397 LP |
870 | |
871 | * "loginctl seat-status" will now show the master device of a | |
872 | seat. (i.e. the device of a seat that needs to be around for | |
873 | the seat to be considered available, usually the graphics | |
874 | card). | |
875 | ||
876 | * tmpfiles gained a new "X" line type, that allows | |
877 | configuration of files and directories (with wildcards) that | |
878 | shall be excluded from automatic cleanup ("aging"). | |
879 | ||
bf933560 KS |
880 | * udev default rules set the device node permissions now only |
881 | at "add" events, and do not change them any longer with a | |
882 | later "change" event. | |
85d68397 LP |
883 | |
884 | * The log messages for lid events and power/sleep keypresses | |
885 | now carry a message ID. | |
886 | ||
887 | * We now have a substantially larger unit test suite, but this | |
888 | continues to be work in progress. | |
889 | ||
890 | * udevadm hwdb gained a new --root= parameter to change the | |
891 | root directory to operate relative to. | |
892 | ||
40e21da8 KS |
893 | * logind will now issue a background sync() request to the kernel |
894 | early at shutdown, so that dirty buffers are flushed to disk early | |
85d68397 LP |
895 | instead of at the last moment, in order to optimize shutdown |
896 | times a little. | |
897 | ||
898 | * A new bootctl tool has been added that is an interface for | |
899 | certain boot loader operations. This is currently a preview | |
900 | and is likely to be extended into a small mechanism daemon | |
901 | like timedated, localed, hostnamed, and can be used by | |
902 | graphical UIs to enumerate available boot options, and | |
903 | request boot into firmware operations. | |
904 | ||
905 | * systemd-bootchart has been relicensed to LGPLv2.1+ to match | |
906 | the rest of the package. It also has been updated to work | |
907 | correctly in initrds. | |
908 | ||
909 | * Policykit previously has been runtime optional, and is now | |
910 | also compile time optional via a configure switch. | |
911 | ||
912 | * systemd-analyze has been reimplemented in C. Also "systemctl | |
913 | dot" has moved into systemd-analyze. | |
914 | ||
915 | * "systemctl status" with no further parameters will now print | |
916 | the status of all active or failed units. | |
917 | ||
918 | * Operations such as "systemctl start" can now be executed | |
919 | with a new mode "--irreversible" which may be used to queue | |
920 | operations that cannot accidentally be reversed by a later | |
6aa8d43a | 921 | job queuing. This is by default used to make shutdown |
85d68397 LP |
922 | requests more robust. |
923 | ||
924 | * The Python API of systemd now gained a new module for | |
925 | reading journal files. | |
926 | ||
927 | * A new tool kernel-install has been added that can install | |
928 | kernel images according to the Boot Loader Specification: | |
929 | ||
930 | http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/BootLoaderSpec | |
931 | ||
932 | * Boot time console output has been improved to provide | |
6aa8d43a | 933 | animated boot time output for hanging jobs. |
85d68397 LP |
934 | |
935 | * A new tool systemd-activate has been added which can be used | |
936 | to test socket activation with, directly from the command | |
937 | line. This should make it much easier to test and debug | |
938 | socket activation in daemons. | |
939 | ||
940 | * journalctl gained a new "--reverse" (or -r) option to show | |
941 | journal output in reverse order (i.e. newest line first). | |
942 | ||
43447fb7 LP |
943 | * journalctl gained a new "--pager-end" (or -e) option to jump |
944 | to immediately jump to the end of the journal in the | |
945 | pager. This is only supported in conjunction with "less". | |
946 | ||
85d68397 LP |
947 | * journalctl gained a new "--user-unit=" option, that works |
948 | similar to "--unit=" but filters for user units rather than | |
949 | system units. | |
950 | ||
951 | * A number of unit files to ease adoption of systemd in | |
952 | initrds has been added. This moves some minimal logic from | |
953 | the various initrd implementations into systemd proper. | |
954 | ||
955 | * The journal files are now owned by a new group | |
956 | "systemd-journal", which exists specifically to allow access | |
957 | to the journal, and nothing else. Previously, we used the | |
6aa8d43a | 958 | "adm" group for that, which however possibly covers more |
85d68397 LP |
959 | than just journal/log file access. This new group is now |
960 | already used by systemd-journal-gatewayd to ensure this | |
961 | daemon gets access to the journal files and as little else | |
962 | as possible. Note that "make install" will also set FS ACLs | |
963 | up for /var/log/journal to give "adm" and "wheel" read | |
964 | access to it, in addition to "systemd-journal" which owns | |
965 | the journal files. We recommend that packaging scripts also | |
6aa8d43a | 966 | add read access to "adm" + "wheel" to /var/log/journal, and |
85d68397 LP |
967 | all existing/future journal files. To normal users and |
968 | administrators little changes, however packagers need to | |
969 | ensure to create the "systemd-journal" system group at | |
970 | package installation time. | |
971 | ||
972 | * The systemd-journal-gatewayd now runs as unprivileged user | |
973 | systemd-journal-gateway:systemd-journal-gateway. Packaging | |
974 | scripts need to create these system user/group at | |
975 | installation time. | |
976 | ||
977 | * timedated now exposes a new boolean property CanNTP that | |
978 | indicates whether a local NTP service is available or not. | |
979 | ||
980 | * systemd-detect-virt will now also detect xen PVs | |
981 | ||
40e21da8 KS |
982 | * The pstore file system is now mounted by default, if it is |
983 | available. | |
85d68397 | 984 | |
1aed4590 LP |
985 | * In addition to the SELinux and IMA policies we will now also |
986 | load SMACK policies at early boot. | |
987 | ||
85d68397 LP |
988 | Contributions from: Adel Gadllah, Aleksander Morgado, Auke |
989 | Kok, Ayan George, Bastien Nocera, Colin Walters, Daniel Buch, | |
990 | Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner, David Herrmann, David Strauss, | |
991 | Eelco Dolstra, Enrico Scholz, Frederic Crozat, Harald Hoyer, | |
992 | Jan Janssen, Jonathan Callen, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, | |
993 | Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas, Marc-Antoine Perennou, Martin | |
994 | Pitt, Mauro Dreissig, Max F. Albrecht, Michael Biebl, Michael | |
995 | Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Michal Vyskocil, | |
996 | Michał Bartoszkiewicz, Mirco Tischler, Nathaniel Chen, Nestor | |
997 | Ovroy, Oleksii Shevchuk, Paul W. Frields, Piotr Drąg, Rob | |
998 | Clark, Ryan Lortie, Simon McVittie, Simon Peeters, Steven | |
999 | Hiscocks, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tollef Fog Heen, Tom | |
1000 | Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, William Giokas, Zbigniew | |
1001 | Jędrzejewski-Szmek, Zeeshan Ali (Khattak) | |
1002 | ||
8ad26859 LP |
1003 | CHANGES WITH 197: |
1004 | ||
1005 | * Timer units now support calendar time events in addition to | |
1006 | monotonic time events. That means you can now trigger a unit | |
1007 | based on a calendar time specification such as "Thu,Fri | |
1008 | 2013-*-1,5 11:12:13" which refers to 11:12:13 of the first | |
1009 | or fifth day of any month of the year 2013, given that it is | |
1010 | a thursday or friday. This brings timer event support | |
1011 | considerably closer to cron's capabilities. For details on | |
1012 | the supported calendar time specification language see | |
1013 | systemd.time(7). | |
1014 | ||
1015 | * udev now supports a number of different naming policies for | |
1016 | network interfaces for predictable names, and a combination | |
1017 | of these policies is now the default. Please see this wiki | |
1018 | document for details: | |
1019 | ||
1020 | http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PredictableNetworkInterfaceNames | |
1021 | ||
1022 | * Auke Kok's bootchart implementation has been added to the | |
1023 | systemd tree. It's an optional component that can graph the | |
1024 | boot in quite some detail. It's one of the best bootchart | |
1025 | implementations around and minimal in its code and | |
1026 | dependencies. | |
1027 | ||
1028 | * nss-myhostname has been integrated into the systemd source | |
1029 | tree. nss-myhostname guarantees that the local hostname | |
1030 | always stays resolvable via NSS. It has been a weak | |
1031 | requirement of systemd-hostnamed since a long time, and | |
1032 | since its code is actually trivial we decided to just | |
1033 | include it in systemd's source tree. It can be turned off | |
1034 | with a configure switch. | |
1035 | ||
1036 | * The read-ahead logic is now capable of properly detecting | |
1037 | whether a btrfs file system is on SSD or rotating media, in | |
1038 | order to optimize the read-ahead scheme. Previously, it was | |
1039 | only capable of detecting this on traditional file systems | |
1040 | such as ext4. | |
1041 | ||
1042 | * In udev, additional device properties are now read from the | |
1043 | IAB in addition to the OUI database. Also, Bluetooth company | |
1044 | identities are attached to the devices as well. | |
1045 | ||
1046 | * In service files %U may be used as specifier that is | |
1047 | replaced by the configured user name of the service. | |
1048 | ||
1049 | * nspawn may now be invoked without a controlling TTY. This | |
1050 | makes it suitable for invocation as its own service. This | |
1051 | may be used to set up a simple containerized server system | |
1052 | using only core OS tools. | |
1053 | ||
1054 | * systemd and nspawn can now accept socket file descriptors | |
1055 | when they are started for socket activation. This enables | |
1056 | implementation of socket activated nspawn | |
1057 | containers. i.e. think about autospawning an entire OS image | |
1058 | when the first SSH or HTTP connection is received. We expect | |
1059 | that similar functionality will also be added to libvirt-lxc | |
1060 | eventually. | |
1061 | ||
1062 | * journalctl will now suppress ANSI color codes when | |
1063 | presenting log data. | |
1064 | ||
1065 | * systemctl will no longer show control group information for | |
1066 | a unit if a the control group is empty anyway. | |
1067 | ||
1068 | * logind can now automatically suspend/hibernate/shutdown the | |
1069 | system on idle. | |
1070 | ||
1071 | * /etc/machine-info and hostnamed now also expose the chassis | |
1072 | type of the system. This can be used to determine whether | |
1073 | the local system is a laptop, desktop, handset or | |
1074 | tablet. This information may either be configured by the | |
1075 | user/vendor or is automatically determined from ACPI and DMI | |
1076 | information if possible. | |
1077 | ||
1078 | * A number of PolicyKit actions are now bound together with | |
1079 | "imply" rules. This should simplify creating UIs because | |
1080 | many actions will now authenticate similar ones as well. | |
1081 | ||
1082 | * Unit files learnt a new condition ConditionACPower= which | |
1083 | may be used to conditionalize a unit depending on whether an | |
1084 | AC power source is connected or not, of whether the system | |
1085 | is running on battery power. | |
1086 | ||
1087 | * systemctl gained a new "is-failed" verb that may be used in | |
1088 | shell scripts and suchlike to check whether a specific unit | |
1089 | is in the "failed" state. | |
1090 | ||
1091 | * The EnvironmentFile= setting in unit files now supports file | |
1092 | globbing, and can hence be used to easily read a number of | |
1093 | environment files at once. | |
1094 | ||
1095 | * systemd will no longer detect and recognize specific | |
1096 | distributions. All distribution-specific #ifdeffery has been | |
1097 | removed, systemd is now fully generic and | |
1098 | distribution-agnostic. Effectively, not too much is lost as | |
1099 | a lot of the code is still accessible via explicit configure | |
1100 | switches. However, support for some distribution specific | |
1101 | legacy configuration file formats has been dropped. We | |
1102 | recommend distributions to simply adopt the configuration | |
1103 | files everybody else uses now and convert the old | |
1104 | configuration from packaging scripts. Most distributions | |
1105 | already did that. If that's not possible or desirable, | |
1106 | distributions are welcome to forward port the specific | |
1107 | pieces of code locally from the git history. | |
1108 | ||
1109 | * When logging a message about a unit systemd will now always | |
1110 | log the unit name in the message meta data. | |
1111 | ||
1112 | * localectl will now also discover system locale data that is | |
1113 | not stored in locale archives, but directly unpacked. | |
1114 | ||
1115 | * logind will no longer unconditionally use framebuffer | |
1116 | devices as seat masters, i.e. as devices that are required | |
1117 | to be existing before a seat is considered preset. Instead, | |
1118 | it will now look for all devices that are tagged as | |
1119 | "seat-master" in udev. By default framebuffer devices will | |
1120 | be marked as such, but depending on local systems other | |
1121 | devices might be marked as well. This may be used to | |
1122 | integrate graphics cards using closed source drivers (such | |
1123 | as NVidia ones) more nicely into logind. Note however, that | |
1124 | we recommend using the open source NVidia drivers instead, | |
1125 | and no udev rules for the closed-source drivers will be | |
1126 | shipped from us upstream. | |
1127 | ||
1128 | Contributions from: Adam Williamson, Alessandro Crismani, Auke | |
1129 | Kok, Colin Walters, Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner, David | |
1130 | Herrmann, David Strauss, Dimitrios Apostolou, Eelco Dolstra, | |
1131 | Eric Benoit, Giovanni Campagna, Hannes Reinecke, Henrik | |
1132 | Grindal Bakken, Hermann Gausterer, Kay Sievers, Lennart | |
1133 | Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas, Marcel Holtmann, | |
1134 | Martin Pitt, Matthew Monaco, Michael Biebl, Michael Terry, | |
1135 | Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Michał Bartoszkiewicz, Oleg | |
1136 | Samarin, Pekka Lundstrom, Philip Nilsson, Ramkumar | |
1137 | Ramachandra, Richard Yao, Robert Millan, Sami Kerola, Shawn | |
1138 | Landden, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Thomas Jarosch, | |
1139 | Tollef Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, Zbigniew | |
1140 | Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
1141 | ||
0428ddb7 LP |
1142 | CHANGES WITH 196: |
1143 | ||
1144 | * udev gained support for loading additional device properties | |
1145 | from an indexed database that is keyed by vendor/product IDs | |
1146 | and similar device identifiers. For the beginning this | |
1147 | "hwdb" is populated with data from the well-known PCI and | |
1148 | USB database, but also includes PNP, ACPI and OID data. In | |
1149 | the longer run this indexed database shall grow into | |
1150 | becoming the one central database for non-essential | |
1151 | userspace device metadata. Previously, data from the PCI/USB | |
96ec33c0 | 1152 | database was only attached to select devices, since the |
0428ddb7 | 1153 | lookup was a relatively expensive operation due to O(n) time |
96ec33c0 LP |
1154 | complexity (with n being the number of entries in the |
1155 | database). Since this is now O(1), we decided to add in this | |
1156 | data for all devices where this is available, by | |
0428ddb7 LP |
1157 | default. Note that the indexed database needs to be rebuilt |
1158 | when new data files are installed. To achieve this you need | |
1159 | to update your packaging scripts to invoke "udevadm hwdb | |
1160 | --update" after installation of hwdb data files. For | |
1161 | RPM-based distributions we introduced the new | |
1162 | %udev_hwdb_update macro for this purpose. | |
1163 | ||
1164 | * The Journal gained support for the "Message Catalog", an | |
1165 | indexed database to link up additional information with | |
1166 | journal entries. For further details please check: | |
1167 | ||
1168 | http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/catalog | |
1169 | ||
1170 | The indexed message catalog database also needs to be | |
1171 | rebuilt after installation of message catalog files. Use | |
1172 | "journalctl --update-catalog" for this. For RPM-based | |
1173 | distributions we introduced the %journal_catalog_update | |
1174 | macro for this purpose. | |
1175 | ||
1176 | * The Python Journal bindings gained support for the standard | |
1177 | Python logging framework. | |
1178 | ||
1179 | * The Journal API gained new functions for checking whether | |
1180 | the underlying file system of a journal file is capable of | |
1181 | properly reporting file change notifications, or whether | |
1182 | applications that want to reflect journal changes "live" | |
ab06eef8 | 1183 | need to recheck journal files continuously in appropriate |
0428ddb7 LP |
1184 | time intervals. |
1185 | ||
1186 | * It is now possible to set the "age" field for tmpfiles | |
1187 | entries to 0, indicating that files matching this entry | |
1188 | shall always be removed when the directories are cleaned up. | |
1189 | ||
1190 | * coredumpctl gained a new "gdb" verb which invokes gdb | |
1191 | right-away on the selected coredump. | |
1192 | ||
1193 | * There's now support for "hybrid sleep" on kernels that | |
1194 | support this, in addition to "suspend" and "hibernate". Use | |
1195 | "systemctl hybrid-sleep" to make use of this. | |
1196 | ||
1197 | * logind's HandleSuspendKey= setting (and related settings) | |
1198 | now gained support for a new "lock" setting to simply | |
1199 | request the screen lock on all local sessions, instead of | |
1200 | actually executing a suspend or hibernation. | |
1201 | ||
1202 | * systemd will now mount the EFI variables file system by | |
1203 | default. | |
1204 | ||
1205 | * Socket units now gained support for configuration of the | |
1206 | SMACK security label. | |
1207 | ||
1208 | * timedatectl will now output the time of the last and next | |
1209 | daylight saving change. | |
1210 | ||
1211 | * We dropped support for various legacy and distro-specific | |
1212 | concepts, such as insserv, early-boot SysV services | |
1213 | (i.e. those for non-standard runlevels such as 'b' or 'S') | |
1214 | or ArchLinux /etc/rc.conf support. We recommend the | |
1215 | distributions who still need support this to either continue | |
1216 | to maintain the necessary patches downstream, or find a | |
1217 | different solution. (Talk to us if you have questions!) | |
1218 | ||
1219 | * Various systemd components will now bypass PolicyKit checks | |
1220 | for root and otherwise handle properly if PolicyKit is not | |
1221 | found to be around. This should fix most issues for | |
1222 | PolicyKit-less systems. Quite frankly this should have been | |
1223 | this way since day one. It is absolutely our intention to | |
1224 | make systemd work fine on PolicyKit-less systems, and we | |
1225 | consider it a bug if something doesn't work as it should if | |
1226 | PolicyKit is not around. | |
1227 | ||
1228 | * For embedded systems it is now possible to build udev and | |
1229 | systemd without blkid and/or kmod support. | |
1230 | ||
1231 | * "systemctl switch-root" is now capable of switching root | |
1232 | more than once. I.e. in addition to transitions from the | |
1233 | initrd to the host OS it is now possible to transition to | |
1234 | further OS images from the host. This is useful to implement | |
1235 | offline updating tools. | |
1236 | ||
1237 | * Various other additions have been made to the RPM macros | |
1238 | shipped with systemd. Use %udev_rules_update() after | |
1239 | installing new udev rules files. %_udevhwdbdir, | |
1240 | %_udevrulesdir, %_journalcatalogdir, %_tmpfilesdir, | |
1241 | %_sysctldir are now available which resolve to the right | |
1242 | directories for packages to place various data files in. | |
1243 | ||
1244 | * journalctl gained the new --full switch (in addition to | |
1245 | --all, to disable ellipsation for long messages. | |
1246 | ||
1247 | Contributions from: Anders Olofsson, Auke Kok, Ben Boeckel, | |
1248 | Colin Walters, Cosimo Cecchi, Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner, | |
1249 | Eelco Dolstra, Holger Hans Peter Freyther, Kay Sievers, | |
1250 | Chun-Yi Lee, Lekensteyn, Lennart Poettering, Mantas Mikulėnas, | |
1251 | Marti Raudsepp, Martin Pitt, Mauro Dreissig, Michael Biebl, | |
1252 | Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Miklos Vajna, Nis Martensen, | |
1253 | Oleksii Shevchuk, Olivier Brunel, Ramkumar Ramachandra, Thomas | |
1254 | Bächler, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tom Gundersen, Tony | |
1255 | Camuso, Umut Tezduyar, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
1256 | ||
139ee8cc LP |
1257 | CHANGES WITH 195: |
1258 | ||
6827101a | 1259 | * journalctl gained new --since= and --until= switches to |
139ee8cc LP |
1260 | filter by time. It also now supports nice filtering for |
1261 | units via --unit=/-u. | |
1262 | ||
6827101a | 1263 | * Type=oneshot services may use ExecReload= and do the |
139ee8cc LP |
1264 | right thing. |
1265 | ||
1266 | * The journal daemon now supports time-based rotation and | |
1267 | vacuuming, in addition to the usual disk-space based | |
1268 | rotation. | |
1269 | ||
1270 | * The journal will now index the available field values for | |
1271 | each field name. This enables clients to show pretty drop | |
1272 | downs of available match values when filtering. The bash | |
1273 | completion of journalctl has been updated | |
1274 | accordingly. journalctl gained a new switch -F to list all | |
1275 | values a certain field takes in the journal database. | |
1276 | ||
1277 | * More service events are now written as structured messages | |
1278 | to the journal, and made recognizable via message IDs. | |
1279 | ||
1280 | * The timedated, localed and hostnamed mini-services which | |
1281 | previously only provided support for changing time, locale | |
1282 | and hostname settings from graphical DEs such as GNOME now | |
1283 | also have a minimal (but very useful) text-based client | |
1284 | utility each. This is probably the nicest way to changing | |
1285 | these settings from the command line now, especially since | |
1286 | it lists available options and is fully integrated with bash | |
1287 | completion. | |
1288 | ||
1289 | * There's now a new tool "systemd-coredumpctl" to list and | |
1290 | extract coredumps from the journal. | |
1291 | ||
1292 | * We now install a README each in /var/log/ and | |
1293 | /etc/rc.d/init.d explaining where the system logs and init | |
1294 | scripts went. This hopefully should help folks who go to | |
1295 | that dirs and look into the otherwise now empty void and | |
1296 | scratch their heads. | |
1297 | ||
1298 | * When user-services are invoked (by systemd --user) the | |
1299 | $MANAGERPID env var is set to the PID of systemd. | |
1300 | ||
1301 | * SIGRTMIN+24 when sent to a --user instance will now result | |
1302 | in immediate termination of systemd. | |
1303 | ||
1304 | * gatewayd received numerous feature additions such as a | |
1305 | "follow" mode, for live syncing and filtering. | |
1306 | ||
1307 | * browse.html now allows filtering and showing detailed | |
1308 | information on specific entries. Keyboard navigation and | |
1309 | mouse screen support has been added. | |
1310 | ||
1311 | * gatewayd/journalctl now supports HTML5/JSON | |
1312 | Server-Sent-Events as output. | |
1313 | ||
1cb88f2c | 1314 | * The SysV init script compatibility logic will now |
139ee8cc LP |
1315 | heuristically determine whether a script supports the |
1316 | "reload" verb, and only then make this available as | |
1317 | "systemctl reload". | |
1318 | ||
15f47220 | 1319 | * "systemctl status --follow" has been removed, use "journalctl |
139ee8cc LP |
1320 | -u" instead. |
1321 | ||
1322 | * journald.conf's RuntimeMinSize=, PersistentMinSize= settings | |
1323 | have been removed since they are hardly useful to be | |
1324 | configured. | |
1325 | ||
1326 | * And I'd like to take the opportunity to specifically mention | |
1327 | Zbigniew for his great contributions. Zbigniew, you rock! | |
1328 | ||
1329 | Contributions from: Andrew Eikum, Christian Hesse, Colin | |
1330 | Guthrie, Daniel J Walsh, Dave Reisner, Eelco Dolstra, Ferenc | |
4d92e078 LP |
1331 | Wágner, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas |
1332 | Mikulėnas, Martin Mikkelsen, Martin Pitt, Michael Olbrich, | |
1333 | Michael Stapelberg, Michal Schmidt, Sebastian Ott, Thomas | |
1334 | Bächler, Umut Tezduyar, Will Woods, Wulf C. Krueger, Zbigniew | |
1335 | Jędrzejewski-Szmek, Сковорода Никита Андреевич | |
139ee8cc | 1336 | |
f9b55720 LP |
1337 | CHANGES WITH 194: |
1338 | ||
1339 | * If /etc/vconsole.conf is non-existent or empty we will no | |
1340 | longer load any console font or key map at boot by | |
1341 | default. Instead the kernel defaults will be left | |
1342 | intact. This is definitely the right thing to do, as no | |
1343 | configuration should mean no configuration, and hard-coding | |
1344 | font names that are different on all archs is probably a bad | |
1345 | idea. Also, the kernel default key map and font should be | |
1346 | good enough for most cases anyway, and mostly identical to | |
1347 | the userspace fonts/key maps we previously overloaded them | |
1348 | with. If distributions want to continue to default to a | |
1349 | non-kernel font or key map they should ship a default | |
1350 | /etc/vconsole.conf with the appropriate contents. | |
1351 | ||
1352 | Contributions from: Colin Walters, Daniel J Walsh, Dave | |
1353 | Reisner, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Tollef | |
1354 | Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
1355 | ||
597c52cf LP |
1356 | CHANGES WITH 193: |
1357 | ||
1358 | * journalctl gained a new --cursor= switch to show entries | |
1359 | starting from the specified location in the journal. | |
1360 | ||
1361 | * We now enforce a size limit on journal entry fields exported | |
1362 | with "-o json" in journalctl. Fields larger than 4K will be | |
1363 | assigned null. This can be turned off with --all. | |
1364 | ||
1365 | * An (optional) journal gateway daemon is now available as | |
1366 | "systemd-journal-gatewayd.service". This service provides | |
1367 | access to the journal via HTTP and JSON. This functionality | |
1368 | will be used to implement live log synchronization in both | |
1369 | pull and push modes, but has various other users too, such | |
1370 | as easy log access for debugging of embedded devices. Right | |
1371 | now it is already useful to retrieve the journal via HTTP: | |
1372 | ||
1373 | # systemctl start systemd-journal-gatewayd.service | |
1374 | # wget http://localhost:19531/entries | |
1375 | ||
1376 | This will download the journal contents in a | |
1377 | /var/log/messages compatible format. The same as JSON: | |
1378 | ||
1379 | # curl -H"Accept: application/json" http://localhost:19531/entries | |
1380 | ||
1381 | This service is also accessible via a web browser where a | |
1382 | single static HTML5 app is served that uses the JSON logic | |
1383 | to enable the user to do some basic browsing of the | |
1384 | journal. This will be extended later on. Here's an example | |
1385 | screenshot of this app in its current state: | |
1386 | ||
1387 | http://0pointer.de/public/journal-gatewayd | |
1388 | ||
1389 | Contributions from: Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Robert | |
1390 | Milasan, Tom Gundersen | |
1391 | ||
075d4ecb LP |
1392 | CHANGES WITH 192: |
1393 | ||
1394 | * The bash completion logic is now available for journalctl | |
1395 | too. | |
1396 | ||
1397 | * We don't mount the "cpuset" controller anymore together with | |
1398 | "cpu" and "cpuacct", as "cpuset" groups generally cannot be | |
1399 | started if no parameters are assigned to it. "cpuset" hence | |
1400 | broke code that assumed it it could create "cpu" groups and | |
1401 | just start them. | |
1402 | ||
1403 | * journalctl -f will now subscribe to terminal size changes, | |
1404 | and line break accordingly. | |
1405 | ||
597c52cf LP |
1406 | Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Kay Sievers, Lennart |
1407 | Poettering, Lukas Nykrynm, Mirco Tischler, Václav Pavlín | |
075d4ecb | 1408 | |
b6a86739 LP |
1409 | CHANGES WITH 191: |
1410 | ||
1411 | * nspawn will now create a symlink /etc/localtime in the | |
1412 | container environment, copying the host's timezone | |
1413 | setting. Previously this has been done via a bind mount, but | |
1414 | since symlinks cannot be bind mounted this has now been | |
1415 | changed to create/update the appropriate symlink. | |
1416 | ||
1417 | * journalctl -n's line number argument is now optional, and | |
1418 | will default to 10 if omitted. | |
1419 | ||
1420 | * journald will now log the maximum size the journal files may | |
1421 | take up on disk. This is particularly useful if the default | |
1422 | built-in logic of determining this parameter from the file | |
1423 | system size is used. Use "systemctl status | |
6563b535 | 1424 | systemd-journald.service" to see this information. |
b6a86739 LP |
1425 | |
1426 | * The multi-seat X wrapper tool has been stripped down. As X | |
1427 | is now capable of enumerating graphics devices via udev in a | |
1428 | seat-aware way the wrapper is not strictly necessary | |
1429 | anymore. A stripped down temporary stop-gap is still shipped | |
1430 | until the upstream display managers have been updated to | |
1431 | fully support the new X logic. Expect this wrapper to be | |
6563b535 | 1432 | removed entirely in one of the next releases. |
b6a86739 LP |
1433 | |
1434 | * HandleSleepKey= in logind.conf has been split up into | |
1435 | HandleSuspendKey= and HandleHibernateKey=. The old setting | |
6563b535 | 1436 | is not available anymore. X11 and the kernel are |
b6a86739 LP |
1437 | distuingishing between these keys and we should too. This |
1438 | also means the inhibition lock for these keys has been split | |
1439 | into two. | |
1440 | ||
597c52cf LP |
1441 | Contributions from: Dave Airlie, Eelco Dolstra, Lennart |
1442 | Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Václav Pavlín | |
b6a86739 | 1443 | |
0c11f949 LP |
1444 | CHANGES WITH 190: |
1445 | ||
1446 | * Whenever a unit changes state we'll now log this to the | |
1447 | journal and show along the unit's own log output in | |
1448 | "systemctl status". | |
1449 | ||
1450 | * ConditionPathIsMountPoint= can now properly detect bind | |
1451 | mount points too. (Previously, a bind mount of one file | |
8d0256b7 | 1452 | system to another place in the same file system could not be |
0c11f949 LP |
1453 | detected as mount, since they shared struct stat's st_dev |
1454 | field.) | |
1455 | ||
1456 | * We will now mount the cgroup controllers cpu, cpuacct, | |
1457 | cpuset and the controllers net_cls, net_prio together by | |
1458 | default. | |
1459 | ||
1460 | * nspawn containers will now have a virtualized boot | |
1461 | ID. (i.e. /proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id is now mounted | |
1462 | over with a randomized ID at container initialization). This | |
1463 | has the effect of making "journalctl -b" do the right thing | |
1464 | in a container. | |
1465 | ||
1466 | * The JSON output journal serialization has been updated not | |
1467 | to generate "endless" list objects anymore, but rather one | |
1468 | JSON object per line. This is more in line how most JSON | |
1469 | parsers expect JSON objects. The new output mode | |
1470 | "json-pretty" has been added to provide similar output, but | |
1471 | neatly aligned for readability by humans. | |
1472 | ||
1473 | * We dropped all explicit sync() invocations in the shutdown | |
1474 | code. The kernel does this implicitly anyway in the kernel | |
1475 | reboot() syscall. halt(8)'s -n option is now a compatibility | |
1476 | no-op. | |
1477 | ||
1478 | * We now support virtualized reboot() in containers, as | |
1479 | supported by newer kernels. We will fall back to exit() if | |
1480 | CAP_SYS_REBOOT is not available to the container. Also, | |
1481 | nspawn makes use of this now and will actually reboot the | |
1482 | container if the containerized OS asks for that. | |
1483 | ||
1484 | * journalctl will only show local log output by default | |
1485 | now. Use --merge (-m) to show remote log output, too. | |
1486 | ||
1487 | * libsystemd-journal gained the new sd_journal_get_usage() | |
1488 | call to determine the current disk usage of all journal | |
1489 | files. This is exposed in the new "journalctl --disk-usage" | |
1490 | command. | |
1491 | ||
1492 | * journald gained a new configuration setting SplitMode= in | |
1493 | journald.conf which may be used to control how user journals | |
1494 | are split off. See journald.conf(5) for details. | |
1495 | ||
1496 | * A new condition type ConditionFileNotEmpty= has been added. | |
1497 | ||
1498 | * tmpfiles' "w" lines now support file globbing, to write | |
1499 | multiple files at once. | |
1500 | ||
1501 | * We added Python bindings for the journal submission | |
1502 | APIs. More Python APIs for a number of selected APIs will | |
1503 | likely follow. Note that we intend to add native bindings | |
1504 | only for the Python language, as we consider it common | |
1505 | enough to deserve bindings shipped within systemd. There are | |
1506 | various projects outside of systemd that provide bindings | |
1507 | for languages such as PHP or Lua. | |
1508 | ||
a98d5d64 LP |
1509 | * Many conditions will now resolve specifiers such as %i. In |
1510 | addition, PathChanged= and related directives of .path units | |
1511 | now support specifiers as well. | |
0c11f949 LP |
1512 | |
1513 | * There's now a new RPM macro definition for the system preset | |
1514 | dir: %_presetdir. | |
1515 | ||
ab06eef8 | 1516 | * journald will now warn if it can't forward a message to the |
0c11f949 LP |
1517 | syslog daemon because it's socket is full. |
1518 | ||
1519 | * timedated will no longer write or process /etc/timezone, | |
1520 | except on Debian. As we do not support late mounted /usr | |
1521 | anymore /etc/localtime always being a symlink is now safe, | |
1522 | and hence the information in /etc/timezone is not necessary | |
1523 | anymore. | |
1524 | ||
aaccc32c | 1525 | * logind will now always reserve one VT for a text getty (VT6 |
0c11f949 LP |
1526 | by default). Previously if more than 6 X sessions where |
1527 | started they took up all the VTs with auto-spawned gettys, | |
1528 | so that no text gettys were available anymore. | |
1529 | ||
1530 | * udev will now automatically inform the btrfs kernel logic | |
1531 | about btrfs RAID components showing up. This should make | |
1532 | simple hotplug based btrfs RAID assembly work. | |
1533 | ||
1534 | * PID 1 will now increase its RLIMIT_NOFILE to 64K by default | |
1535 | (but not for its children which will stay at the kernel | |
1536 | default). This should allow setups with a lot more listening | |
1537 | sockets. | |
1538 | ||
1539 | * systemd will now always pass the configured timezone to the | |
1540 | kernel at boot. timedated will do the same when the timezone | |
1541 | is changed. | |
1542 | ||
1543 | * logind's inhibition logic has been updated. By default, | |
1544 | logind will now handle the lid switch, the power and sleep | |
1545 | keys all the time, even in graphical sessions. If DEs want | |
1546 | to handle these events on their own they should take the new | |
1547 | handle-power-key, handle-sleep-key and handle-lid-switch | |
1548 | inhibitors during their runtime. A simple way to achiveve | |
1549 | that is to invoke the DE wrapped in an invocation of: | |
1550 | ||
1551 | systemd-inhibit --what=handle-power-key:handle-sleep-key:handle-lid-switch ... | |
1552 | ||
1553 | * Access to unit operations is now checked via SELinux taking | |
1554 | the unit file label and client process label into account. | |
1555 | ||
aad803af LP |
1556 | * systemd will now notify the administrator in the journal |
1557 | when he over-mounts a non-empty directory. | |
1558 | ||
1559 | * There are new specifiers that are resolved in unit files, | |
1560 | for the host name (%H), the machine ID (%m) and the boot ID | |
1561 | (%b). | |
1562 | ||
b6a86739 | 1563 | Contributions from: Allin Cottrell, Auke Kok, Brandon Philips, |
0c11f949 LP |
1564 | Colin Guthrie, Colin Walters, Daniel J Walsh, Dave Reisner, |
1565 | Eelco Dolstra, Jan Engelhardt, Kay Sievers, Lennart | |
1566 | Poettering, Lucas De Marchi, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas, | |
1567 | Martin Pitt, Matthias Clasen, Michael Olbrich, Pierre Schmitz, | |
1568 | Shawn Landden, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tom Gundersen, | |
1569 | Václav Pavlín, Yin Kangkai, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
1570 | ||
38a60d71 LP |
1571 | CHANGES WITH 189: |
1572 | ||
1573 | * Support for reading structured kernel messages from | |
1574 | /dev/kmsg has now been added and is enabled by default. | |
1575 | ||
1576 | * Support for reading kernel messages from /proc/kmsg has now | |
1577 | been removed. If you want kernel messages in the journal | |
1578 | make sure to run a recent kernel (>= 3.5) that supports | |
1579 | reading structured messages from /dev/kmsg (see | |
1580 | above). /proc/kmsg is now exclusive property of classic | |
1581 | syslog daemons again. | |
1582 | ||
1583 | * The libudev API gained the new | |
1584 | udev_device_new_from_device_id() call. | |
1585 | ||
1586 | * The logic for file system namespace (ReadOnlyDirectory=, | |
1587 | ReadWriteDirectoy=, PrivateTmp=) has been reworked not to | |
1588 | require pivot_root() anymore. This means fewer temporary | |
1589 | directories are created below /tmp for this feature. | |
1590 | ||
1591 | * nspawn containers will now see and receive all submounts | |
1592 | made on the host OS below the root file system of the | |
1593 | container. | |
1594 | ||
1595 | * Forward Secure Sealing is now supported for Journal files, | |
1596 | which provide cryptographical sealing of journal files so | |
1597 | that attackers cannot alter log history anymore without this | |
1598 | being detectable. Lennart will soon post a blog story about | |
1599 | this explaining it in more detail. | |
1600 | ||
1601 | * There are two new service settings RestartPreventExitStatus= | |
1602 | and SuccessExitStatus= which allow configuration of exit | |
1603 | status (exit code or signal) which will be excepted from the | |
1604 | restart logic, resp. consider successful. | |
1605 | ||
1606 | * journalctl gained the new --verify switch that can be used | |
1607 | to check the integrity of the structure of journal files and | |
1608 | (if Forward Secure Sealing is enabled) the contents of | |
1609 | journal files. | |
1610 | ||
1611 | * nspawn containers will now be run with /dev/stdin, /dev/fd/ | |
1612 | and similar symlinks pre-created. This makes running shells | |
1613 | as container init process a lot more fun. | |
1614 | ||
1615 | * The fstab support can now handle PARTUUID= and PARTLABEL= | |
1616 | entries. | |
1617 | ||
1618 | * A new ConditionHost= condition has been added to match | |
1619 | against the hostname (with globs) and machine ID. This is | |
1620 | useful for clusters where a single OS image is used to | |
1621 | provision a large number of hosts which shall run slightly | |
1622 | different sets of services. | |
1623 | ||
1624 | * Services which hit the restart limit will now be placed in a | |
1625 | failure state. | |
1626 | ||
b6a86739 | 1627 | Contributions from: Bertram Poettering, Dave Reisner, Huang |
38a60d71 LP |
1628 | Hang, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Martin |
1629 | Pitt, Simon Peeters, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
1630 | ||
c269cec3 LP |
1631 | CHANGES WITH 188: |
1632 | ||
1633 | * When running in --user mode systemd will now become a | |
1634 | subreaper (PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER). This should make the ps | |
1635 | tree a lot more organized. | |
1636 | ||
1637 | * A new PartOf= unit dependency type has been introduced that | |
1638 | may be used to group services in a natural way. | |
1639 | ||
1640 | * "systemctl enable" may now be used to enable instances of | |
1641 | services. | |
1642 | ||
1643 | * journalctl now prints error log levels in red, and | |
1644 | warning/notice log levels in bright white. It also supports | |
1645 | filtering by log level now. | |
1646 | ||
1647 | * cgtop gained a new -n switch (similar to top), to configure | |
1648 | the maximum number of iterations to run for. It also gained | |
1649 | -b, to run in batch mode (accepting no input). | |
1650 | ||
ab06eef8 | 1651 | * The suffix ".service" may now be omitted on most systemctl |
c269cec3 LP |
1652 | command lines involving service unit names. |
1653 | ||
1654 | * There's a new bus call in logind to lock all sessions, as | |
1655 | well as a loginctl verb for it "lock-sessions". | |
1656 | ||
1657 | * libsystemd-logind.so gained a new call sd_journal_perror() | |
1658 | that works similar to libc perror() but logs to the journal | |
1659 | and encodes structured information about the error number. | |
1660 | ||
1661 | * /etc/crypttab entries now understand the new keyfile-size= | |
1662 | option. | |
1663 | ||
1664 | * shutdown(8) now can send a (configurable) wall message when | |
1665 | a shutdown is cancelled. | |
1666 | ||
1667 | * The mount propagation mode for the root file system will now | |
1668 | default to "shared", which is useful to make containers work | |
1669 | nicely out-of-the-box so that they receive new mounts from | |
1670 | the host. This can be undone locally by running "mount | |
1671 | --make-rprivate /" if needed. | |
1672 | ||
1673 | * The prefdm.service file has been removed. Distributions | |
1674 | should maintain this unit downstream if they intend to keep | |
1675 | it around. However, we recommend writing normal unit files | |
1676 | for display managers instead. | |
1677 | ||
1678 | * Since systemd is a crucial part of the OS we will now | |
1679 | default to a number of compiler switches that improve | |
1680 | security (hardening) such as read-only relocations, stack | |
1681 | protection, and suchlike. | |
1682 | ||
1683 | * The TimeoutSec= setting for services is now split into | |
1684 | TimeoutStartSec= and TimeoutStopSec= to allow configuration | |
1685 | of individual time outs for the start and the stop phase of | |
1686 | the service. | |
1687 | ||
1688 | Contributions from: Artur Zaprzala, Arvydas Sidorenko, Auke | |
1689 | Kok, Bryan Kadzban, Dave Reisner, David Strauss, Harald Hoyer, | |
1690 | Jim Meyering, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Mantas | |
1691 | Mikulėnas, Martin Pitt, Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Peter | |
1692 | Alfredsen, Shawn Landden, Simon Peeters, Terence Honles, Tom | |
1693 | Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
1694 | ||
c4f1b862 LP |
1695 | CHANGES WITH 187: |
1696 | ||
1697 | * The journal and id128 C APIs are now fully documented as man | |
1698 | pages. | |
1699 | ||
1700 | * Extra safety checks have been added when transitioning from | |
1701 | the initial RAM disk to the main system to avoid accidental | |
1702 | data loss. | |
1703 | ||
c269cec3 | 1704 | * /etc/crypttab entries now understand the new keyfile-offset= |
c4f1b862 LP |
1705 | option. |
1706 | ||
1707 | * systemctl -t can now be used to filter by unit load state. | |
1708 | ||
1709 | * The journal C API gained the new sd_journal_wait() call to | |
1710 | make writing synchronous journal clients easier. | |
1711 | ||
1712 | * journalctl gained the new -D switch to show journals from a | |
1713 | specific directory. | |
1714 | ||
1715 | * journalctl now displays a special marker between log | |
1716 | messages of two different boots. | |
1717 | ||
1718 | * The journal is now explicitly flushed to /var via a service | |
1719 | systemd-journal-flush.service, rather than implicitly simply | |
1720 | by seeing /var/log/journal to be writable. | |
1721 | ||
1722 | * journalctl (and the journal C APIs) can now match for much | |
1723 | more complex expressions, with alternatives and | |
1724 | disjunctions. | |
1725 | ||
1726 | * When transitioning from the initial RAM disk to the main | |
1727 | system we will now kill all processes in a killing spree to | |
1728 | ensure no processes stay around by accident. | |
1729 | ||
1730 | * Three new specifiers may be used in unit files: %u, %h, %s | |
1731 | resolve to the user name, user home directory resp. user | |
1732 | shell. This is useful for running systemd user instances. | |
1733 | ||
1734 | * We now automatically rotate journal files if their data | |
1735 | object hash table gets a fill level > 75%. We also size the | |
1736 | hash table based on the configured maximum file size. This | |
1737 | together should lower hash collisions drastically and thus | |
1738 | speed things up a bit. | |
1739 | ||
1740 | * journalctl gained the new "--header" switch to introspect | |
1741 | header data of journal files. | |
1742 | ||
1743 | * A new setting SystemCallFilters= has been added to services | |
1744 | which may be used to apply blacklists or whitelists to | |
1745 | system calls. This is based on SECCOMP Mode 2 of Linux 3.5. | |
1746 | ||
1747 | * nspawn gained a new --link-journal= switch (and quicker: -j) | |
1748 | to link the container journal with the host. This makes it | |
1749 | very easy to centralize log viewing on the host for all | |
1750 | guests while still keeping the journal files separated. | |
1751 | ||
1752 | * Many bugfixes and optimizations | |
1753 | ||
1754 | Contributions from: Auke Kok, Eelco Dolstra, Harald Hoyer, Kay | |
1755 | Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Malte Starostik, Paul Menzel, Rex | |
1756 | Tsai, Shawn Landden, Tom Gundersen, Ville Skyttä, Zbigniew | |
1757 | Jędrzejewski-Szmek | |
1758 | ||
b5b4c94a LP |
1759 | CHANGES WITH 186: |
1760 | ||
1761 | * Several tools now understand kernel command line arguments, | |
1762 | which are only read when run in an initial RAM disk. They | |
1763 | usually follow closely their normal counterparts, but are | |
1764 | prefixed with rd. | |
1765 | ||
1766 | * There's a new tool to analyze the readahead files that are | |
1767 | automatically generated at boot. Use: | |
1768 | ||
1769 | /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-readahead analyze /.readahead | |
1770 | ||
1771 | * We now provide an early debug shell on tty9 if this enabled. Use: | |
1772 | ||
d1f9edaf | 1773 | systemctl enable debug-shell.service |
b5b4c94a LP |
1774 | |
1775 | * All plymouth related units have been moved into the Plymouth | |
1776 | package. Please make sure to upgrade your Plymouth version | |
1777 | as well. | |
1778 | ||
1779 | * systemd-tmpfiles now supports getting passed the basename of | |
1780 | a configuration file only, in which case it will look for it | |
1781 | in all appropriate directories automatically. | |
1782 | ||
1783 | * udevadm info now takes a /dev or /sys path as argument, and | |
1784 | does the right thing. Example: | |
1785 | ||
1786 | udevadm info /dev/sda | |
1787 | udevadm info /sys/class/block/sda | |
1788 | ||
1789 | * systemctl now prints a warning if a unit is stopped but a | |
1790 | unit that might trigger it continues to run. Example: a | |
1791 | service is stopped but the socket that activates it is left | |
1792 | running. | |
1793 | ||
1794 | * "systemctl status" will now mention if the log output was | |
1795 | shortened due to rotation since a service has been started. | |
1796 | ||
1797 | * The journal API now exposes functions to determine the | |
1798 | "cutoff" times due to rotation. | |
1799 | ||
1800 | * journald now understands SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2 for triggering | |
1801 | immediately flushing of runtime logs to /var if possible, | |
1802 | resp. for triggering immediate rotation of the journal | |
1803 | files. | |
1804 | ||
1805 | * It is now considered an error if a service is attempted to | |
1806 | be stopped that is not loaded. | |
1807 | ||
1808 | * XDG_RUNTIME_DIR now uses numeric UIDs instead of usernames. | |
1809 | ||
1810 | * systemd-analyze now supports Python 3 | |
1811 | ||
1812 | * tmpfiles now supports cleaning up directories via aging | |
1813 | where the first level dirs are always kept around but | |
1814 | directories beneath it automatically aged. This is enabled | |
1815 | by prefixing the age field with '~'. | |
1816 | ||
1817 | * Seat objects now expose CanGraphical, CanTTY properties | |
1818 | which is required to deal with very fast bootups where the | |
1819 | display manager might be running before the graphics drivers | |
1820 | completed initialization. | |
1821 | ||
1822 | * Seat objects now expose a State property. | |
1823 | ||
1824 | * We now include RPM macros for service enabling/disabling | |
1825 | based on the preset logic. We recommend RPM based | |
1826 | distributions to make use of these macros if possible. This | |
1827 | makes it simpler to reuse RPM spec files across | |
1828 | distributions. | |
1829 | ||
1830 | * We now make sure that the collected systemd unit name is | |
1831 | always valid when services log to the journal via | |
1832 | STDOUT/STDERR. | |
1833 | ||
1834 | * There's a new man page kernel-command-line(7) detailing all | |
1835 | command line options we understand. | |
1836 | ||
1837 | * The fstab generator may now be disabled at boot by passing | |
1838 | fstab=0 on the kernel command line. | |
1839 | ||
91ac7425 | 1840 | * A new kernel command line option modules-load= is now understood |
b5b4c94a LP |
1841 | to load a specific kernel module statically, early at boot. |
1842 | ||
1843 | * Unit names specified on the systemctl command line are now | |
1844 | automatically escaped as needed. Also, if file system or | |
1845 | device paths are specified they are automatically turned | |
1846 | into the appropriate mount or device unit names. Example: | |
1847 | ||
1848 | systemctl status /home | |
1849 | systemctl status /dev/sda | |
1850 | ||
1851 | * The SysVConsole= configuration option has been removed from | |
1852 | system.conf parsing. | |
1853 | ||
1854 | * The SysV search path is no longer exported on the D-Bus | |
1855 | Manager object. | |
1856 | ||
1857 | * The Names= option is been removed from unit file parsing. | |
1858 | ||
1859 | * There's a new man page bootup(7) detailing the boot process. | |
1860 | ||
1861 | * Every unit and every generator we ship with systemd now | |
1862 | comes with full documentation. The self-explanatory boot is | |
1863 | complete. | |
1864 | ||
1865 | * A couple of services gained "systemd-" prefixes in their | |
1866 | name if they wrap systemd code, rather than only external | |
1867 | code. Among them fsck@.service which is now | |
1868 | systemd-fsck@.service. | |
1869 | ||
1870 | * The HaveWatchdog property has been removed from the D-Bus | |
1871 | Manager object. | |
1872 | ||
1873 | * systemd.confirm_spawn= on the kernel command line should now | |
1874 | work sensibly. | |
1875 | ||
1876 | * There's a new man page crypttab(5) which details all options | |
1877 | we actually understand. | |
1878 | ||
1879 | * systemd-nspawn gained a new --capability= switch to pass | |
1880 | additional capabilities to the container. | |
1881 | ||
1882 | * timedated will now read known NTP implementation unit names | |
5b00c016 | 1883 | from /usr/lib/systemd/ntp-units.d/*.list, |
b5b4c94a LP |
1884 | systemd-timedated-ntp.target has been removed. |
1885 | ||
1886 | * journalctl gained a new switch "-b" that lists log data of | |
1887 | the current boot only. | |
1888 | ||
1889 | * The notify socket is in the abstract namespace again, in | |
1890 | order to support daemons which chroot() at start-up. | |
1891 | ||
1892 | * There is a new Storage= configuration option for journald | |
1893 | which allows configuration of where log data should go. This | |
1894 | also provides a way to disable journal logging entirely, so | |
1895 | that data collected is only forwarded to the console, the | |
1896 | kernel log buffer or another syslog implementation. | |
1897 | ||
c4f1b862 | 1898 | * Many bugfixes and optimizations |
b5b4c94a | 1899 | |
2d938ac7 LP |
1900 | Contributions from: Auke Kok, Colin Guthrie, Dave Reisner, |
1901 | David Strauss, Eelco Dolstra, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, | |
1902 | Lukas Nykryn, Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Paul Menzel, | |
1903 | Shawn Landden, Tom Gundersen | |
b5b4c94a | 1904 | |
2d197285 | 1905 | CHANGES WITH 185: |
b6a86739 | 1906 | |
2d197285 KS |
1907 | * "systemctl help <unit>" now shows the man page if one is |
1908 | available. | |
1909 | ||
1910 | * Several new man pages have been added. | |
1911 | ||
b5b4c94a LP |
1912 | * MaxLevelStore=, MaxLevelSyslog=, MaxLevelKMsg=, |
1913 | MaxLevelConsole= can now be specified in | |
1914 | journald.conf. These options allow reducing the amount of | |
1915 | data stored on disk or forwarded by the log level. | |
2d197285 | 1916 | |
b5b4c94a LP |
1917 | * TimerSlackNSec= can now be specified in system.conf for |
1918 | PID1. This allows system-wide power savings. | |
2d197285 KS |
1919 | |
1920 | Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Kay Sievers, Lauri Kasanen, | |
1921 | Lennart Poettering, Malte Starostik, Marc-Antoine Perennou, | |
1922 | Matthias Clasen | |
1923 | ||
4c8cd173 | 1924 | CHANGES WITH 184: |
b6a86739 | 1925 | |
4c8cd173 LP |
1926 | * logind is now capable of (optionally) handling power and |
1927 | sleep keys as well as the lid switch. | |
1928 | ||
1929 | * journalctl now understands the syntax "journalctl | |
1930 | /usr/bin/avahi-daemon" to get all log output of a specific | |
1931 | daemon. | |
1932 | ||
1933 | * CapabilityBoundingSet= in system.conf now also influences | |
1934 | the capability bound set of usermode helpers of the kernel. | |
1935 | ||
1936 | Contributions from: Daniel Drake, Daniel J. Walsh, Gert | |
1937 | Michael Kulyk, Harald Hoyer, Jean Delvare, Kay Sievers, | |
1938 | Lennart Poettering, Matthew Garrett, Matthias Clasen, Paul | |
1939 | Menzel, Shawn Landden, Tero Roponen, Tom Gundersen | |
1940 | ||
ea5943d3 | 1941 | CHANGES WITH 183: |
b6a86739 | 1942 | |
187076d4 LP |
1943 | * Note that we skipped 139 releases here in order to set the |
1944 | new version to something that is greater than both udev's | |
1945 | and systemd's most recent version number. | |
1946 | ||
194bbe33 KS |
1947 | * udev: all udev sources are merged into the systemd source tree now. |
1948 | All future udev development will happen in the systemd tree. It | |
1949 | is still fully supported to use the udev daemon and tools without | |
1950 | systemd running, like in initramfs or other init systems. Building | |
1951 | udev though, will require the *build* of the systemd tree, but | |
ea5943d3 | 1952 | udev can be properly *run* without systemd. |
07cd4fc1 | 1953 | |
91cf7e5c | 1954 | * udev: /lib/udev/devices/ are not read anymore; systemd-tmpfiles |
f13b388f KS |
1955 | should be used to create dead device nodes as workarounds for broken |
1956 | subsystems. | |
64661ee7 | 1957 | |
2d13da88 KS |
1958 | * udev: RUN+="socket:..." and udev_monitor_new_from_socket() is |
1959 | no longer supported. udev_monitor_new_from_netlink() needs to be | |
1960 | used to subscribe to events. | |
1961 | ||
194bbe33 KS |
1962 | * udev: when udevd is started by systemd, processes which are left |
1963 | behind by forking them off of udev rules, are unconditionally cleaned | |
1964 | up and killed now after the event handling has finished. Services or | |
1965 | daemons must be started as systemd services. Services can be | |
ea5943d3 | 1966 | pulled-in by udev to get started, but they can no longer be directly |
194bbe33 KS |
1967 | forked by udev rules. |
1968 | ||
f13b388f KS |
1969 | * udev: the daemon binary is called systemd-udevd now and installed |
1970 | in /usr/lib/systemd/. Standalone builds or non-systemd systems need | |
1971 | to adapt to that, create symlink, or rename the binary after building | |
1972 | it. | |
1973 | ||
ea5943d3 | 1974 | * libudev no longer provides these symbols: |
c1959569 KS |
1975 | udev_monitor_from_socket() |
1976 | udev_queue_get_failed_list_entry() | |
1977 | udev_get_{dev,sys,run}_path() | |
ea5943d3 | 1978 | The versions number was bumped and symbol versioning introduced. |
c1959569 | 1979 | |
ea5943d3 | 1980 | * systemd-loginctl and systemd-journalctl have been renamed |
9ae9afce | 1981 | to loginctl and journalctl to match systemctl. |
18b754d3 KS |
1982 | |
1983 | * The config files: /etc/systemd/systemd-logind.conf and | |
1984 | /etc/systemd/systemd-journald.conf have been renamed to | |
1985 | logind.conf and journald.conf. Package updates should rename | |
1986 | the files to the new names on upgrade. | |
1987 | ||
ea5943d3 LP |
1988 | * For almost all files the license is now LGPL2.1+, changed |
1989 | from the previous GPL2.0+. Exceptions are some minor stuff | |
1990 | of udev (which will be changed to LGPL2.1 eventually, too), | |
1991 | and the MIT licensed sd-daemon.[ch] library that is suitable | |
1992 | to be used as drop-in files. | |
1993 | ||
1994 | * systemd and logind now handle system sleep states, in | |
49f43d5f | 1995 | particular suspending and hibernating. |
ea5943d3 LP |
1996 | |
1997 | * logind now implements a sleep/shutdown/idle inhibiting logic | |
1998 | suitable for a variety of uses. Soonishly Lennart will blog | |
1999 | about this in more detail. | |
2000 | ||
2001 | * var-run.mount and var-lock.mount are no longer provided | |
2002 | (which prevously bind mounted these directories to their new | |
2003 | places). Distributions which have not converted these | |
2004 | directories to symlinks should consider stealing these files | |
2005 | from git history and add them downstream. | |
2006 | ||
2007 | * We introduced the Documentation= field for units and added | |
2008 | this to all our shipped units. This is useful to make it | |
3943231c | 2009 | easier to explore the boot and the purpose of the various |
ea5943d3 LP |
2010 | units. |
2011 | ||
2012 | * All smaller setup units (such as | |
2013 | systemd-vconsole-setup.service) now detect properly if they | |
2014 | are run in a container and are skipped when | |
2015 | appropriate. This guarantees an entirely noise-free boot in | |
2016 | Linux container environments such as systemd-nspawn. | |
2017 | ||
2018 | * A framework for implementing offline system updates is now | |
2019 | integrated, for details see: | |
2020 | http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/SystemUpdates | |
2021 | ||
2022 | * A new service type Type=idle is available now which helps us | |
2023 | avoiding ugly interleaving of getty output and boot status | |
2024 | messages. | |
2025 | ||
439d6dfd LP |
2026 | * There's now a system-wide CapabilityBoundingSet= option to |
2027 | globally reduce the set of capabilities for the | |
ea5943d3 LP |
2028 | system. This is useful to drop CAP_SYS_MKNOD, CAP_SYS_RAWIO, |
2029 | CAP_NET_RAW, CAP_SYS_MODULE, CAP_SYS_TIME, CAP_SYS_PTRACE or | |
2030 | even CAP_NET_ADMIN system-wide for secure systems. | |
2031 | ||
2032 | * There are now system-wide DefaultLimitXXX= options to | |
2033 | globally change the defaults of the various resource limits | |
2034 | for all units started by PID 1. | |
2035 | ||
2036 | * Harald Hoyer's systemd test suite has been integrated into | |
2037 | systemd which allows easy testing of systemd builds in qemu | |
2038 | and nspawn. (This is really awesome! Ask us for details!) | |
2039 | ||
3943231c LP |
2040 | * The fstab parser is now implemented as generator, not inside |
2041 | of PID 1 anymore. | |
ea5943d3 LP |
2042 | |
2043 | * systemctl will now warn you if .mount units generated from | |
2044 | /etc/fstab are out of date due to changes in fstab that | |
2045 | haven't been read by systemd yet. | |
2046 | ||
2047 | * systemd is now suitable for usage in initrds. Dracut has | |
2048 | already been updated to make use of this. With this in place | |
2049 | initrds get a slight bit faster but primarily are much | |
2050 | easier to introspect and debug since "systemctl status" in | |
2051 | the host system can be used to introspect initrd services, | |
2052 | and the journal from the initrd is kept around too. | |
2053 | ||
2054 | * systemd-delta has been added, a tool to explore differences | |
2055 | between user/admin configuration and vendor defaults. | |
2056 | ||
2057 | * PrivateTmp= now affects both /tmp and /var/tmp. | |
2058 | ||
2059 | * Boot time status messages are now much prettier and feature | |
2060 | proper english language. Booting up systemd has never been | |
2061 | so sexy. | |
2062 | ||
2063 | * Read-ahead pack files now include the inode number of all | |
2064 | files to pre-cache. When the inode changes the pre-caching | |
2065 | is not attempted. This should be nicer to deal with updated | |
2066 | packages which might result in changes of read-ahead | |
2067 | patterns. | |
2068 | ||
2069 | * We now temporaritly lower the kernel's read_ahead_kb variable | |
2070 | when collecting read-ahead data to ensure the kernel's | |
2071 | built-in read-ahead does not add noise to our measurements | |
2072 | of necessary blocks to pre-cache. | |
2073 | ||
2074 | * There's now RequiresMountsFor= to add automatic dependencies | |
2075 | for all mounts necessary for a specific file system path. | |
2076 | ||
2077 | * MountAuto= and SwapAuto= have been removed from | |
2078 | system.conf. Mounting file systems at boot has to take place | |
2079 | in systemd now. | |
2080 | ||
2081 | * nspawn now learned a new switch --uuid= to set the machine | |
2082 | ID on the command line. | |
2083 | ||
f8c0a2cb | 2084 | * nspawn now learned the -b switch to automatically search |
ea5943d3 LP |
2085 | for an init system. |
2086 | ||
2087 | * vt102 is now the default TERM for serial TTYs, upgraded from | |
2088 | vt100. | |
2089 | ||
2090 | * systemd-logind now works on VT-less systems. | |
2091 | ||
2092 | * The build tree has been reorganized. The individual | |
3943231c | 2093 | components now have directories of their own. |
ea5943d3 LP |
2094 | |
2095 | * A new condition type ConditionPathIsReadWrite= is now available. | |
2096 | ||
2097 | * nspawn learned the new -C switch to create cgroups for the | |
2098 | container in other hierarchies. | |
2099 | ||
2100 | * We now have support for hardware watchdogs, configurable in | |
2101 | system.conf. | |
2102 | ||
2103 | * The scheduled shutdown logic now has a public API. | |
2104 | ||
2105 | * We now mount /tmp as tmpfs by default, but this can be | |
2106 | masked and /etc/fstab can override it. | |
2107 | ||
2108 | * Since udisks doesn't make use of /media anymore we are not | |
2109 | mounting a tmpfs on it anymore. | |
2110 | ||
2111 | * journalctl gained a new --local switch to only interleave | |
2112 | locally generated journal files. | |
2113 | ||
2114 | * We can now load the IMA policy at boot automatically. | |
2115 | ||
2116 | * The GTK tools have been split off into a systemd-ui. | |
2117 | ||
79849bf9 LP |
2118 | Contributions from: Andreas Schwab, Auke Kok, Ayan George, |
2119 | Colin Guthrie, Daniel Mack, Dave Reisner, David Ward, Elan | |
2120 | Ruusamäe, Frederic Crozat, Gergely Nagy, Guillermo Vidal, | |
2121 | Hannes Reinecke, Harald Hoyer, Javier Jardón, Kay Sievers, | |
2122 | Lennart Poettering, Lucas De Marchi, Léo Gillot-Lamure, | |
2123 | Marc-Antoine Perennou, Martin Pitt, Matthew Monaco, Maxim | |
2124 | A. Mikityanskiy, Michael Biebl, Michael Olbrich, Michal | |
2125 | Schmidt, Nis Martensen, Patrick McCarty, Roberto Sassu, Shawn | |
2126 | Landden, Sjoerd Simons, Sven Anders, Tollef Fog Heen, Tom | |
2127 | Gundersen | |
2128 | ||
16f1239e | 2129 | CHANGES WITH 44: |
b6a86739 | 2130 | |
16f1239e LP |
2131 | * This is mostly a bugfix release |
2132 | ||
2133 | * Support optional initialization of the machine ID from the | |
2134 | KVM or container configured UUID. | |
2135 | ||
2136 | * Support immediate reboots with "systemctl reboot -ff" | |
2137 | ||
2138 | * Show /etc/os-release data in systemd-analyze output | |
2139 | ||
ab06eef8 | 2140 | * Many bugfixes for the journal, including endianness fixes and |
16f1239e LP |
2141 | ensuring that disk space enforcement works |
2142 | ||
2143 | * sd-login.h is C++ comptaible again | |
2144 | ||
2145 | * Extend the /etc/os-release format on request of the Debian | |
2146 | folks | |
2147 | ||
2148 | * We now refuse non-UTF8 strings used in various configuration | |
2149 | and unit files. This is done to ensure we don't pass invalid | |
2150 | data over D-Bus or expose it elsewhere. | |
2151 | ||
2152 | * Register Mimo USB Screens as suitable for automatic seat | |
2153 | configuration | |
2154 | ||
2155 | * Read SELinux client context from journal clients in a race | |
2156 | free fashion | |
2157 | ||
2158 | * Reorder configuration file lookup order. /etc now always | |
2159 | overrides /run in order to allow the administrator to always | |
2160 | and unconditionally override vendor supplied or | |
2161 | automatically generated data. | |
2162 | ||
2163 | * The various user visible bits of the journal now have man | |
2164 | pages. We still lack man pages for the journal API calls | |
2165 | however. | |
2166 | ||
2167 | * We now ship all man pages in HTML format again in the | |
2168 | tarball. | |
2169 | ||
2170 | Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Dirk Eibach, Frederic | |
2171 | Crozat, Harald Hoyer, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Marti | |
2172 | Raudsepp, Michal Schmidt, Shawn Landden, Tero Roponen, Thierry | |
2173 | Reding | |
2174 | ||
437b7dee | 2175 | CHANGES WITH 43: |
b6a86739 | 2176 | |
437b7dee LP |
2177 | * This is mostly a bugfix release |
2178 | ||
2179 | * systems lacking /etc/os-release are no longer supported. | |
2180 | ||
2181 | * Various functionality updates to libsystemd-login.so | |
2182 | ||
2183 | * Track class of PAM logins to distuingish greeters from | |
2184 | normal user logins. | |
2185 | ||
2186 | Contributions from: Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael | |
2187 | Biebl | |
2188 | ||
204fa33c | 2189 | CHANGES WITH 42: |
b6a86739 | 2190 | |
204fa33c LP |
2191 | * This is an important bugfix release for v41. |
2192 | ||
2193 | * Building man pages is now optional which should be useful | |
2194 | for those building systemd from git but unwilling to install | |
2195 | xsltproc. | |
2196 | ||
2197 | * Watchdog support for supervising services is now usable. In | |
2198 | a future release support for hardware watchdogs | |
2199 | (i.e. /dev/watchdog) will be added building on this. | |
2200 | ||
2201 | * Service start rate limiting is now configurable and can be | |
2202 | turned off per service. When a start rate limit is hit a | |
2203 | reboot can automatically be triggered. | |
2204 | ||
2205 | * New CanReboot(), CanPowerOff() bus calls in systemd-logind. | |
2206 | ||
2207 | Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Bill Nottingham, | |
2208 | Frederic Crozat, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal | |
2209 | Schmidt, Michał Górny, Piotr Drąg | |
2210 | ||
e0d25329 | 2211 | CHANGES WITH 41: |
b6a86739 | 2212 | |
e0d25329 KS |
2213 | * The systemd binary is installed /usr/lib/systemd/systemd now; |
2214 | An existing /sbin/init symlink needs to be adapted with the | |
2215 | package update. | |
2216 | ||
b13df964 LP |
2217 | * The code that loads kernel modules has been ported to invoke |
2218 | libkmod directly, instead of modprobe. This means we do not | |
2219 | support systems with module-init-tools anymore. | |
2220 | ||
2221 | * Watchdog support is now already useful, but still not | |
2222 | complete. | |
2223 | ||
2224 | * A new kernel command line option systemd.setenv= is | |
2225 | understood to set system wide environment variables | |
2226 | dynamically at boot. | |
2227 | ||
e9c1ea9d | 2228 | * We now limit the set of capabilities of systemd-journald. |
ccd07a08 | 2229 | |
353e12c2 LP |
2230 | * We now set SIGPIPE to ignore by default, since it only is |
2231 | useful in shell pipelines, and has little use in general | |
2232 | code. This can be disabled with IgnoreSIPIPE=no in unit | |
2233 | files. | |
2234 | ||
b13df964 LP |
2235 | Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Kay Sievers, Lennart |
2236 | Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, Tom Gundersen, | |
2237 | William Douglas | |
2238 | ||
d26e4270 | 2239 | CHANGES WITH 40: |
b6a86739 | 2240 | |
d26e4270 LP |
2241 | * This is mostly a bugfix release |
2242 | ||
2243 | * We now expose the reason why a service failed in the | |
2244 | "Result" D-Bus property. | |
2245 | ||
2246 | * Rudimentary service watchdog support (will be completed over | |
2247 | the next few releases.) | |
2248 | ||
2249 | * When systemd forks off in order execute some service we will | |
2250 | now immediately changes its argv[0] to reflect which process | |
2251 | it will execute. This is useful to minimize the time window | |
2252 | with a generic argv[0], which makes bootcharts more useful | |
2253 | ||
b13df964 LP |
2254 | Contributions from: Alvaro Soliverez, Chris Paulson-Ellis, Kay |
2255 | Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, | |
2256 | Mike Kazantsev, Ray Strode | |
2257 | ||
220a21d3 | 2258 | CHANGES WITH 39: |
b6a86739 | 2259 | |
220a21d3 LP |
2260 | * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many |
2261 | bugfixes. | |
2262 | ||
2263 | * New systemd-cgtop tool to show control groups by their | |
2264 | resource usage. | |
2265 | ||
2266 | * Linking against libacl for ACLs is optional again. If | |
2267 | disabled, support tracking device access for active logins | |
2268 | goes becomes unavailable, and so does access to the user | |
2269 | journals by the respective users. | |
2270 | ||
2271 | * If a group "adm" exists, journal files are automatically | |
2272 | owned by them, thus allow members of this group full access | |
2273 | to the system journal as well as all user journals. | |
2274 | ||
2275 | * The journal now stores the SELinux context of the logging | |
2276 | client for all entries. | |
2277 | ||
2278 | * Add C++ inclusion guards to all public headers | |
2279 | ||
2280 | * New output mode "cat" in the journal to print only text | |
2281 | messages, without any meta data like date or time. | |
2282 | ||
2283 | * Include tiny X server wrapper as a temporary stop-gap to | |
2284 | teach XOrg udev display enumeration. This is used by display | |
2285 | managers such as gdm, and will go away as soon as XOrg | |
2286 | learned native udev hotplugging for display devices. | |
2287 | ||
2288 | * Add new systemd-cat tool for executing arbitrary programs | |
2289 | with STDERR/STDOUT connected to the journal. Can also act as | |
2290 | BSD logger replacement, and does so by default. | |
2291 | ||
2292 | * Optionally store all locally generated coredumps in the | |
2293 | journal along with meta data. | |
2294 | ||
2295 | * systemd-tmpfiles learnt four new commands: n, L, c, b, for | |
2296 | writing short strings to files (for usage for /sys), and for | |
2297 | creating symlinks, character and block device nodes. | |
2298 | ||
2299 | * New unit file option ControlGroupPersistent= to make cgroups | |
2300 | persistent, following the mechanisms outlined in | |
2301 | http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PaxControlGroups | |
2302 | ||
2303 | * Support multiple local RTCs in a sane way | |
2304 | ||
2305 | * No longer monopolize IO when replaying readahead data on | |
2306 | rotating disks, since we might starve non-file-system IO to | |
2307 | death, since fanotify() will not see accesses done by blkid, | |
2308 | or fsck. | |
2309 | ||
2310 | * Don't show kernel threads in systemd-cgls anymore, unless | |
2311 | requested with new -k switch. | |
2312 | ||
2313 | Contributions from: Dan Horák, Kay Sievers, Lennart | |
2314 | Poettering, Michal Schmidt | |
2315 | ||
2316 | CHANGES WITH 38: | |
b6a86739 | 2317 | |
220a21d3 LP |
2318 | * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many |
2319 | bugfixes. | |
2320 | ||
2321 | * The git repository moved to: | |
2322 | git://anongit.freedesktop.org/systemd/systemd | |
2323 | ssh://git.freedesktop.org/git/systemd/systemd | |
2324 | ||
2325 | * First release with the journal | |
2326 | http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/the-journal.html | |
2327 | ||
2328 | * The journal replaces both systemd-kmsg-syslogd and | |
2329 | systemd-stdout-bridge. | |
2330 | ||
2331 | * New sd_pid_get_unit() API call in libsystemd-logind | |
2332 | ||
2333 | * Many systemadm clean-ups | |
2334 | ||
2335 | * Introduce remote-fs-pre.target which is ordered before all | |
2336 | remote mounts and may be used to start services before all | |
2337 | remote mounts. | |
2338 | ||
2339 | * Added Mageia support | |
2340 | ||
2341 | * Add bash completion for systemd-loginctl | |
2342 | ||
2343 | * Actively monitor PID file creation for daemons which exit in | |
2344 | the parent process before having finished writing the PID | |
2345 | file in the daemon process. Daemons which do this need to be | |
2346 | fixed (i.e. PID file creation must have finished before the | |
2347 | parent exits), but we now react a bit more gracefully to them. | |
2348 | ||
2349 | * Add colourful boot output, mimicking the well-known output | |
2350 | of existing distributions. | |
2351 | ||
2352 | * New option PassCredentials= for socket units, for | |
2353 | compatibility with a recent kernel ABI breakage. | |
2354 | ||
2355 | * /etc/rc.local is now hooked in via a generator binary, and | |
2356 | thus will no longer act as synchronization point during | |
2357 | boot. | |
2358 | ||
2359 | * systemctl list-unit-files now supports --root=. | |
2360 | ||
2361 | * systemd-tmpfiles now understands two new commands: z, Z for | |
2362 | relabelling files according to the SELinux database. This is | |
2363 | useful to apply SELinux labels to specific files in /sys, | |
2364 | among other things. | |
2365 | ||
2366 | * Output of SysV services is now forwarded to both the console | |
2367 | and the journal by default, not only just the console. | |
2368 | ||
2369 | * New man pages for all APIs from libsystemd-login. | |
2370 | ||
2371 | * The build tree got reorganized and a the build system is a | |
2372 | lot more modular allowing embedded setups to specifically | |
2373 | select the components of systemd they are interested in. | |
2374 | ||
2375 | * Support for Linux systems lacking the kernel VT subsystem is | |
2376 | restored. | |
2377 | ||
2378 | * configure's --with-rootdir= got renamed to | |
2379 | --with-rootprefix= to follow the naming used by udev and | |
2380 | kmod | |
2381 | ||
2382 | * Unless specified otherwise we'll now install to /usr instead | |
2383 | of /usr/local by default. | |
2384 | ||
2385 | * Processes with '@' in argv[0][0] are now excluded from the | |
2386 | final shut-down killing spree, following the logic explained | |
2387 | in: | |
2388 | http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/RootStorageDaemons | |
2389 | ||
2390 | * All processes remaining in a service cgroup when we enter | |
2391 | the START or START_PRE states are now killed with | |
2392 | SIGKILL. That means it is no longer possible to spawn | |
2393 | background processes from ExecStart= lines (which was never | |
2394 | supported anyway, and bad style). | |
2395 | ||
2396 | * New PropagateReloadTo=/PropagateReloadFrom= options to bind | |
2397 | reloading of units together. | |
2398 | ||
4c8cd173 | 2399 | Contributions from: Bill Nottingham, Daniel J. Walsh, Dave |
220a21d3 LP |
2400 | Reisner, Dexter Morgan, Gregs Gregs, Jonathan Nieder, Kay |
2401 | Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Biebl, Michal Schmidt, | |
2402 | Michał Górny, Ran Benita, Thomas Jarosch, Tim Waugh, Tollef | |
2403 | Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek |