Imported from util-linux-2.5 tarball.

[thirdparty/util-linux.git] / disk-utils / mkfs.minix.c

/*
 * mkfs.c - make a linux (minix) file-system.
 *
 * (C) 1991 Linus Torvalds. This file may be redistributed as per
 * the Linux copyright.
 */

/*
 * DD.MM.YY
 *
 * 24.11.91  -	Time began. Used the fsck sources to get started.
 *
 * 25.11.91  -	Corrected some bugs. Added support for ".badblocks"
 *		The algorithm for ".badblocks" is a bit weird, but
 *		it should work. Oh, well.
 *
 * 25.01.92  -	Added the -l option for getting the list of bad blocks
 *		out of a named file. (Dave Rivers, rivers@ponds.uucp)
 *
 * 28.02.92  -	Added %-information when using -c.
 *
 * 28.02.93  -	Added support for other namelengths than the original
 *		14 characters so that I can test the new kernel routines..
 *
 * 09.10.93  -	Make exit status conform to that required by fsutil
 *		(Rik Faith, faith@cs.unc.edu)
 *
 * 31.10.93  -	Added inode request feature, for backup floppies: use
 *		32 inodes, for a news partition use more.
 *		(Scott Heavner, sdh@po.cwru.edu)
 *
 * 03.01.94  -	Added support for file system valid flag.
 *		(Dr. Wettstein, greg%wind.uucp@plains.nodak.edu)
 * 
 * 09.11.94  -	Added test to prevent overwrite of mounted fs adapted
 *		from Theodore Ts'o's (tytso@athena.mit.edu) mke2fs
 *		program.  (Daniel Quinlan, quinlan@yggdrasil.com)
 *
 * 03.20.95  -	Clear first 512 bytes of filesystem to make certain that
 *		the filesystem is not misidentified as a MS-DOS FAT filesystem.
 *		(Daniel Quinlan, quinlan@yggdrasil.com)
 *
 * Usage:  mkfs [-c] [-nXX] [-iXX] device size-in-blocks
 *         mkfs [-l filename ] device size-in-blocks
 *
 *	-c for readablility checking (SLOW!)
 *      -l for getting a list of bad blocks from a file.
 *	-n for namelength (currently the kernel only uses 14 or 30)
 *	-i for number of inodes
 *
 * The device may be a block device or a image of one, but this isn't
 * enforced (but it's not much fun on a character device :-). 
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <mntent.h>

#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/minix_fs.h>

#ifndef __GNUC__
#error "needs gcc for the bitop-__asm__'s"
#endif

#ifndef __linux__
#define volatile
#endif

#define MINIX_ROOT_INO 1
#define MINIX_BAD_INO 2

#define TEST_BUFFER_BLOCKS 16
#define MAX_GOOD_BLOCKS 512

#define UPPER(size,n) ((size+((n)-1))/(n))
#define INODE_SIZE (sizeof(struct minix_inode))
#define INODE_BLOCKS UPPER(INODES,MINIX_INODES_PER_BLOCK)
#define INODE_BUFFER_SIZE (INODE_BLOCKS * BLOCK_SIZE)

#define BITS_PER_BLOCK (BLOCK_SIZE<<3)

static char * program_name = "mkfs";
static char * device_name = NULL;
static int DEV = -1;
static long BLOCKS = 0;
static int check = 0;
static int badblocks = 0;
static int namelen = 30;	/* default (changed to 30, per Linus's
				   suggestion, Sun Nov 21 08:05:07 1993) */
static int dirsize = 16;
static int magic = MINIX_SUPER_MAGIC;

static char root_block[BLOCK_SIZE] = "\0";

static char * inode_buffer = NULL;
#define Inode (((struct minix_inode *) inode_buffer)-1)
static char super_block_buffer[BLOCK_SIZE];
static char boot_block_buffer[512];
#define Super (*(struct minix_super_block *)super_block_buffer)
#define INODES ((unsigned long)Super.s_ninodes)
#define ZONES ((unsigned long)Super.s_nzones)
#define IMAPS ((unsigned long)Super.s_imap_blocks)
#define ZMAPS ((unsigned long)Super.s_zmap_blocks)
#define FIRSTZONE ((unsigned long)Super.s_firstdatazone)
#define ZONESIZE ((unsigned long)Super.s_log_zone_size)
#define MAXSIZE ((unsigned long)Super.s_max_size)
#define MAGIC (Super.s_magic)
#define NORM_FIRSTZONE (2+IMAPS+ZMAPS+INODE_BLOCKS)

static char inode_map[BLOCK_SIZE * MINIX_I_MAP_SLOTS];
static char zone_map[BLOCK_SIZE * MINIX_Z_MAP_SLOTS];

static unsigned short good_blocks_table[MAX_GOOD_BLOCKS];
static int used_good_blocks = 0;
static unsigned long req_nr_inodes = 0;

#define bitop(name,op) \
static inline int name(char * addr,unsigned int nr) \
{ \
int __res; \
__asm__ __volatile__("bt" op " %1,%2; adcl $0,%0" \
:"=g" (__res) \
:"r" (nr),"m" (*(addr)),"0" (0)); \
return __res; \
}

bitop(bit,"")
bitop(setbit,"s")
bitop(clrbit,"r")

#define inode_in_use(x) (bit(inode_map,(x)))
#define zone_in_use(x) (bit(zone_map,(x)-FIRSTZONE+1))

#define mark_inode(x) (setbit(inode_map,(x)))
#define unmark_inode(x) (clrbit(inode_map,(x)))

#define mark_zone(x) (setbit(zone_map,(x)-FIRSTZONE+1))
#define unmark_zone(x) (clrbit(zone_map,(x)-FIRSTZONE+1))

/*
 * Volatile to let gcc know that this doesn't return. When trying
 * to compile this under minix, volatile gives a warning, as
 * exit() isn't defined as volatile under minix.
 */
volatile void fatal_error(const char * fmt_string,int status)
{
	fprintf(stderr,fmt_string,program_name,device_name);
	exit(status);
}

#define usage() fatal_error("Usage: %s [-c | -l filename] [-nXX] [-iXX] /dev/name blocks\n",16)
#define die(str) fatal_error("%s: " str "\n",8)

/*
 * Check to make certain that our new filesystem won't be created on
 * an already mounted partition.  Code adapted from mke2fs, Copyright
 * (C) 1994 Theodore Ts'o.  Also licensed under GPL.
 */
static void check_mount(void)
{
	FILE * f;
	struct mntent * mnt;

	if ((f = setmntent (MOUNTED, "r")) == NULL)
		return;
	while ((mnt = getmntent (f)) != NULL)
		if (strcmp (device_name, mnt->mnt_fsname) == 0)
			break;
	endmntent (f);
	if (!mnt)
		return;

	die("%s is mounted; will not make a filesystem here!");
}

void write_tables(void)
{
	/* Mark the super block valid. */
	Super.s_state |= MINIX_VALID_FS;
	Super.s_state &= ~MINIX_ERROR_FS;

	if (lseek(DEV, 0, SEEK_SET))
		die("seek to boot block failed in write_tables");
	if (512 != write(DEV, boot_block_buffer, 512))
		die("unable to clear boot sector");
	if (BLOCK_SIZE != lseek(DEV, BLOCK_SIZE, SEEK_SET))
		die("seek failed in write_tables");
	if (BLOCK_SIZE != write(DEV, super_block_buffer, BLOCK_SIZE))
		die("unable to write super-block");
	if (IMAPS*BLOCK_SIZE != write(DEV,inode_map,IMAPS*BLOCK_SIZE))
		die("unable to write inode map");
	if (ZMAPS*BLOCK_SIZE != write(DEV,zone_map,ZMAPS*BLOCK_SIZE))
		die("unable to write zone map");
	if (INODE_BUFFER_SIZE != write(DEV,inode_buffer,INODE_BUFFER_SIZE))
		die("unable to write inodes");
	
}

void write_block(int blk, char * buffer)
{
	if (blk*BLOCK_SIZE != lseek(DEV, blk*BLOCK_SIZE, SEEK_SET))
		die("seek failed in write_block");
	if (BLOCK_SIZE != write(DEV, buffer, BLOCK_SIZE))
		die("write failed in write_block");
}

int get_free_block(void)
{
	int blk;

	if (used_good_blocks+1 >= MAX_GOOD_BLOCKS)
		die("too many bad blocks");
	if (used_good_blocks)
		blk = good_blocks_table[used_good_blocks-1]+1;
	else
		blk = FIRSTZONE;
	while (blk < ZONES && zone_in_use(blk))
		blk++;
	if (blk >= ZONES)
		die("not enough good blocks");
	good_blocks_table[used_good_blocks] = blk;
	used_good_blocks++;
	return blk;
}

void mark_good_blocks(void)
{
	int blk;

	for (blk=0 ; blk < used_good_blocks ; blk++)
		mark_zone(good_blocks_table[blk]);
}

inline int next(int zone)
{
	if (!zone)
		zone = FIRSTZONE-1;
	while (++zone < ZONES)
		if (zone_in_use(zone))
			return zone;
	return 0;
}

void make_bad_inode(void)
{
	struct minix_inode * inode = &Inode[MINIX_BAD_INO];
	int i,j,zone;
	int ind=0,dind=0;
	unsigned short ind_block[BLOCK_SIZE>>1];
	unsigned short dind_block[BLOCK_SIZE>>1];

#define NEXT_BAD (zone = next(zone))

	if (!badblocks)
		return;
	mark_inode(MINIX_BAD_INO);
	inode->i_nlinks = 1;
	inode->i_time = time(NULL);
	inode->i_mode = S_IFREG + 0000;
	inode->i_size = badblocks*BLOCK_SIZE;
	zone = next(0);
	for (i=0 ; i<7 ; i++) {
		inode->i_zone[i] = zone;
		if (!NEXT_BAD)
			goto end_bad;
	}
	inode->i_zone[7] = ind = get_free_block();
	memset(ind_block,0,BLOCK_SIZE);
	for (i=0 ; i<512 ; i++) {
		ind_block[i] = zone;
		if (!NEXT_BAD)
			goto end_bad;
	}
	inode->i_zone[8] = dind = get_free_block();
	memset(dind_block,0,BLOCK_SIZE);
	for (i=0 ; i<512 ; i++) {
		write_block(ind,(char *) ind_block);
		dind_block[i] = ind = get_free_block();
		memset(ind_block,0,BLOCK_SIZE);
		for (j=0 ; j<512 ; j++) {
			ind_block[j] = zone;
			if (!NEXT_BAD)
				goto end_bad;
		}
	}
	die("too many bad blocks");
end_bad:
	if (ind)
		write_block(ind, (char *) ind_block);
	if (dind)
		write_block(dind, (char *) dind_block);
}

void make_root_inode(void)
{
	struct minix_inode * inode = &Inode[MINIX_ROOT_INO];

	mark_inode(MINIX_ROOT_INO);
	inode->i_zone[0] = get_free_block();
	inode->i_nlinks = 2;
	inode->i_time = time(NULL);
	if (badblocks)
		inode->i_size = 3*dirsize;
	else {
		root_block[2*dirsize] = '\0';
		root_block[2*dirsize+1] = '\0';
		inode->i_size = 2*dirsize;
	}
	inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR + 0755;
	write_block(inode->i_zone[0],root_block);
}

void setup_tables(void)
{
	int i;

	memset(inode_map,0xff,sizeof(inode_map));
	memset(zone_map,0xff,sizeof(zone_map));
	memset(super_block_buffer,0,BLOCK_SIZE);
	memset(boot_block_buffer,0,512);
	MAGIC = magic;
	ZONESIZE = 0;
	MAXSIZE = (7+512+512*512)*1024;
	ZONES = BLOCKS;
/* some magic nrs: 1 inode / 3 blocks */
	if ( req_nr_inodes == 0 ) 
		INODES = BLOCKS/3;
	else
		INODES = req_nr_inodes;
/* I don't want some off-by-one errors, so this hack... */
	if ((INODES & 8191) > 8188)
		INODES -= 5;
	if ((INODES & 8191) < 10)
		INODES -= 20;
	IMAPS = UPPER(INODES,BITS_PER_BLOCK);
	ZMAPS = 0;
	while (ZMAPS != UPPER(BLOCKS - NORM_FIRSTZONE,BITS_PER_BLOCK))
		ZMAPS = UPPER(BLOCKS - NORM_FIRSTZONE,BITS_PER_BLOCK);
	FIRSTZONE = NORM_FIRSTZONE;
	for (i = FIRSTZONE ; i<ZONES ; i++)
		unmark_zone(i);
	for (i = MINIX_ROOT_INO ; i<INODES ; i++)
		unmark_inode(i);
	inode_buffer = malloc(INODE_BUFFER_SIZE);
	if (!inode_buffer)
		die("unable to allocate buffer for inodes");
	memset(inode_buffer,0,INODE_BUFFER_SIZE);
	printf("%d inodes\n",INODES);
	printf("%d blocks\n",ZONES);
	printf("Firstdatazone=%d (%d)\n",FIRSTZONE,NORM_FIRSTZONE);
	printf("Zonesize=%d\n",BLOCK_SIZE<<ZONESIZE);
	printf("Maxsize=%d\n\n",MAXSIZE);
}

/*
 * Perform a test of a block; return the number of
 * blocks readable/writeable.
 */
long do_check(char * buffer, int try, unsigned int current_block) 
{
	long got;
	
	/* Seek to the correct loc. */
	if (lseek(DEV, current_block * BLOCK_SIZE, SEEK_SET) !=
                       current_block * BLOCK_SIZE ) {
                 die("seek failed during testing of blocks");
	}


	/* Try the read */
	got = read(DEV, buffer, try * BLOCK_SIZE);
	if (got < 0) got = 0;	
	if (got & (BLOCK_SIZE - 1 )) {
		printf("Weird values in do_check: probably bugs\n");
	}
	got /= BLOCK_SIZE;
	return got;
}

static unsigned int currently_testing = 0;

void alarm_intr(int alnum)
{
	if (currently_testing >= ZONES)
		return;
	signal(SIGALRM,alarm_intr);
	alarm(5);
	if (!currently_testing)
		return;
	printf("%d ...", currently_testing);
	fflush(stdout);
}

void check_blocks(void)
{
	int try,got;
	static char buffer[BLOCK_SIZE * TEST_BUFFER_BLOCKS];

	currently_testing=0;
	signal(SIGALRM,alarm_intr);
	alarm(5);
	while (currently_testing < ZONES) {
		if (lseek(DEV,currently_testing*BLOCK_SIZE,SEEK_SET) !=
		currently_testing*BLOCK_SIZE)
			die("seek failed in check_blocks");
		try = TEST_BUFFER_BLOCKS;
		if (currently_testing + try > ZONES)
			try = ZONES-currently_testing;
		got = do_check(buffer, try, currently_testing);
		currently_testing += got;
		if (got == try)
			continue;
		if (currently_testing < FIRSTZONE)
			die("bad blocks before data-area: cannot make fs");
		mark_zone(currently_testing);
		badblocks++;
		currently_testing++;
	}
	if (badblocks)
		printf("%d bad block%s\n",badblocks,(badblocks>1)?"s":"");
}

void get_list_blocks(filename)
char *filename;
{
	FILE *listfile;
	unsigned long blockno;

	listfile=fopen(filename,"r");
	if(listfile == (FILE *)NULL) {
		die("can't open file of bad blocks");
	}
	while(!feof(listfile)) {
		fscanf(listfile,"%d\n", &blockno);
		mark_zone(blockno);
		badblocks++;
	}
	if(badblocks) {
		printf("%d bad block%s\n", badblocks, (badblocks>1)?"s":"");
	}
}

int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
	int i;
	char * tmp;
	struct stat statbuf;
	char * listfile = NULL;

	if (argc && *argv)
		program_name = *argv;
	if (INODE_SIZE * MINIX_INODES_PER_BLOCK != BLOCK_SIZE)
		die("bad inode size");
	while (argc-- > 1) {
		argv++;
		if (argv[0][0] != '-')
			if (device_name) {
				BLOCKS = strtol(argv[0],&tmp,0);
				if (*tmp) {
					printf("strtol error: number of"
					       " blocks not specified");
					usage();
				}
			} else
				device_name = argv[0];
		else { 
			if(argv[0][1] == 'l') {
				listfile = argv[1];
				argv++;
				if (!(argc--))
					usage();
			} else {
				if(argv[0][1] == 'i') {
					req_nr_inodes
					      = (unsigned long)atol(argv[1]);
					argv++;
					if (!(argc--))
						usage();
				} else while (*(++argv[0])) {
					switch (argv[0][0]) {
						case 'c': check=1; break;
						case 'n':
							i = strtoul(argv[0]+1,&tmp,0);
							if (*tmp)
								usage();
							argv[0][1] = '\0';
							if (i == 14)
								magic = MINIX_SUPER_MAGIC;
							else if (i == 30)
								magic = MINIX_SUPER_MAGIC2;
							else
								usage();
							namelen = i;
							dirsize = i+2;
							break;
						default: usage();
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
	if (!device_name || BLOCKS<10 || BLOCKS > 65536) {
		usage();
	}
	check_mount();		/* is it already mounted? */
	tmp = root_block;
	tmp[0] = 1;
	tmp[1] = 0;
	strcpy(tmp+2,".");
	tmp += dirsize;
	tmp[0] = 1;
	tmp[1] = 0;
	strcpy(tmp+2,"..");
	tmp += dirsize;
	tmp[0] = 2;
	tmp[1] = 0;
	strcpy(tmp+2,".badblocks");
	DEV = open(device_name,O_RDWR );
	if (DEV<0)
		die("unable to open %s");
	if (fstat(DEV,&statbuf)<0)
		die("unable to stat %s");
	if (!S_ISBLK(statbuf.st_mode))
		check=0;
	else if (statbuf.st_rdev == 0x0300 || statbuf.st_rdev == 0x0340)
		die("will not try to make filesystem on '%s'");
	setup_tables();
	if (check)
		check_blocks();
        else if (listfile)
                get_list_blocks(listfile);
	make_root_inode();
	make_bad_inode();
	mark_good_blocks();
	write_tables();
	return 0;
}