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6a921799 | 1 | <HTML> |
2 | <HEAD> | |
3 | <META NAME="Description" CONTENT="Common UNIX Printing System Software Users Manual"> | |
17b95e13 | 4 | <META NAME="COPYRIGHT" CONTENT="Copyright 1997-2000, All Rights Reserved"> |
5 | <META NAME="DOCNUMBER" CONTENT="CUPS-SUM-1.1"> | |
6a921799 | 6 | <META NAME="Author" CONTENT="Easy Software Products"> |
78021ed9 | 7 | <TITLE>CUPS Software Users Manual</TITLE> |
6a921799 | 8 | </HEAD> |
9 | <BODY> | |
10 | ||
ecf3075f | 11 | <H1 ALIGN="RIGHT">Preface</H1> |
6a921799 | 12 | |
ecf3075f | 13 | <P>This software users manual describes how to use the Common UNIX Printing |
14 | System<SUP>TM</SUP> ("CUPS<SUP>TM</SUP>") Version 1.1. | |
6a921799 | 15 | |
1aee2644 | 16 | <EMBED SRC="system-overview.shtml"> |
e15022a6 | 17 | |
ecf3075f | 18 | <!-- NEED 2in --> |
6a921799 | 19 | <H2>Document Overview</H2> |
20 | ||
21 | <P>This software users manual is organized into the following sections:</P> | |
22 | ||
23 | <UL> | |
7bfde0bb | 24 | <LI><A HREF="#OVERVIEW">1 - Printing System Overview</A> |
ecf3075f | 25 | <LI><A HREF="#USING_SYSTEM">2 - Using the Printing System</A> |
26 | <LI><A HREF="#STANDARD_OPTIONS">3 - Standard Printer Options</A> | |
27 | <LI><A HREF="#SAVING_OPTIONS">4 - Saving Printer Options and Defaults</A> | |
28 | <LI><A HREF="#LICENSE">A - Software License Agreement</A> | |
6a921799 | 29 | </UL> |
30 | ||
ecf3075f | 31 | <H2>Notation Conventions</H2> |
32 | ||
7bfde0bb | 33 | <P>Various font and syntax conventions are used in this guide. Examples and |
ecf3075f | 34 | their meanings and uses are explained below: |
35 | ||
36 | <CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="80%"> | |
37 | <TR> | |
38 | <TH>Example</TH> | |
39 | <TD> </TD> | |
40 | <TH>Description</TH> | |
41 | </TR> | |
42 | <TR><TD> </TD></TR> | |
43 | <TR VALIGN="TOP"> | |
44 | <TD><CODE>lpstat</CODE><BR> | |
45 | <CODE>lpstat(1)</CODE></TD> | |
46 | ||
47 | <TD> </TD> | |
48 | ||
49 | <TD>The names of commands; the first mention of a command or | |
50 | function in a chapter is followed by a manual page section | |
51 | number.</TD> | |
52 | </TR> | |
53 | <TR><TD> </TD></TR> | |
54 | <TR VALIGN="TOP"> | |
55 | <TD><VAR>/var</VAR><BR> | |
56 | <VAR>/usr/share/cups/data/testprint.ps</VAR></TD> | |
57 | ||
58 | <TD> </TD> | |
59 | ||
60 | <TD>File and directory names.</TD> | |
61 | </TR> | |
62 | <TR><TD> </TD></TR> | |
63 | <TR VALIGN="TOP"> | |
64 | <TD NOWRAP><TT>Request ID is Printer-123</TT></TD> | |
65 | ||
66 | <TD> </TD> | |
67 | ||
68 | <TD>Screen output.</TD> | |
69 | </TR> | |
70 | <TR><TD> </TD></TR> | |
71 | <TR VALIGN="TOP"> | |
72 | <TD NOWRAP><KBD>lp -d printer filename ENTER</KBD></TD> | |
73 | ||
74 | <TD> </TD> | |
75 | ||
76 | <TD>Literal user input; special keys like <KBD>ENTER</B></KBD> are | |
77 | in ALL CAPS.</TD> | |
78 | </TR> | |
79 | <TR><TD> </TD></TR> | |
80 | <TR VALIGN="TOP"> | |
81 | <TD>12.3</TD> | |
82 | ||
83 | <TD> </TD> | |
84 | ||
85 | <TD>Numbers in the text are written using the period (.) to indicate | |
86 | the decimal point.</TD> | |
87 | </TR> | |
88 | </TABLE></CENTER> | |
89 | ||
90 | <!-- NEED 3in --> | |
91 | <H2>Abbreviations</H2> | |
92 | ||
93 | The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual: | |
94 | ||
95 | <UL> | |
96 | <DL> | |
97 | ||
98 | <DT>kb | |
99 | <DD>Kilobytes, or 1024 bytes<BR> | |
100 | ||
101 | <DT>Mb | |
102 | <DD>Megabytes, or 1048576 bytes<BR> | |
103 | ||
104 | <DT>Gb | |
105 | <DD>Gigabytes, or 1073741824 bytes<BR> | |
106 | ||
107 | </DL> | |
108 | </UL> | |
109 | ||
110 | <H2>Other References</H2> | |
111 | ||
112 | <UL> | |
113 | <DL> | |
114 | ||
115 | <DT>CUPS Software Administrators Manual | |
116 | ||
117 | <DD>An administration guide for the CUPS software.<BR> | |
118 | ||
119 | <DT>CUPS Software Programmers Manual | |
120 | ||
121 | <DD>A programmer guide for interfacing with and/or extending the CUPS | |
122 | software.<BR> | |
123 | ||
124 | </DL> | |
125 | </UL> | |
126 | ||
127 | ||
3d9e2586 | 128 | <EMBED SRC="printing-overview.shtml"> |
9da2dc55 | 129 | |
ecf3075f | 130 | |
131 | <H1 ALIGN="RIGHT"><A NAME="USING_SYSTEM">2 - Using the Printing System</A></H1> | |
6a921799 | 132 | |
e15022a6 | 133 | <P>This chapter shows you how to submit, query, and cancel print jobs to |
134 | different printers. | |
135 | ||
136 | <H2>Submitting Files for Printing</H2> | |
137 | ||
ecf3075f | 138 | <P>CUPS provides both the System V (<CODE>lp(1)</CODE>) and Berkeley |
139 | (<CODE>lpr(1)</CODE>) printing commands. Type the following command to | |
140 | print a file to the default (or only) printer on the system: | |
e15022a6 | 141 | |
142 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 143 | <B>lp filename ENTER</B> |
e15022a6 | 144 | </PRE></UL> |
145 | ||
146 | <P>or: | |
147 | ||
148 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 149 | <B>lpr filename ENTER</B> |
e15022a6 | 150 | </PRE></UL> |
151 | ||
ecf3075f | 152 | <P>CUPS understands many different types of files directly, including |
153 | PostScript and image files. This allows you to print from inside your | |
154 | applications or at the command-line, whichever is most convenient! | |
e15022a6 | 155 | |
6a921799 | 156 | <H2>Choosing a Printer</H2> |
157 | ||
e15022a6 | 158 | <P>Many systems will have more than one printer available to the user. These |
ecf3075f | 159 | printers can be attached to the local system via a parallel, serial, or USB |
160 | port, or available over the network. | |
e15022a6 | 161 | |
ecf3075f | 162 | <P>Use the <CODE>lpstat(1)</CODE> command to see a list of available printers: |
e15022a6 | 163 | |
164 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 165 | <B>lpstat -p -d ENTER</B> |
e15022a6 | 166 | </PRE></UL> |
167 | ||
ecf3075f | 168 | <P>The <CODE>-p</CODE> option specifies that you want to see a list of |
169 | printers, and the <CODE>-d</CODE> option reports the current system | |
170 | default printer or class. | |
e15022a6 | 171 | |
ecf3075f | 172 | <P>Use the <CODE>-d</CODE> option with the <CODE>lp</CODE> command to |
173 | print to a specific printer: | |
e15022a6 | 174 | |
175 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 176 | <B>lp -d printer filename ENTER</B> |
e15022a6 | 177 | </PRE></UL> |
178 | ||
ecf3075f | 179 | <P>or the <CODE>-P</CODE> option with the <CODE>lpr</CODE> command: |
e15022a6 | 180 | |
181 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 182 | <B>lpr -P printer filename ENTER</B> |
e15022a6 | 183 | </PRE></UL> |
184 | ||
6a921799 | 185 | <H2>Setting Printer Options</H2> |
186 | ||
e15022a6 | 187 | <P>For many types of files, the default printer options may be sufficient for |
188 | your needs. However, there may be times when you need to change the options | |
189 | for a particular file you are printing. | |
190 | ||
3d9e2586 | 191 | <P>The <CODE>lp</CODE> and <CODE>lpr</CODE> commands allow you to pass |
ecf3075f | 192 | printer options using the <CODE>-o</CODE> option: |
e15022a6 | 193 | |
194 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 195 | <B>lp -o landscape -o scaling=75 -o media=A4 filename.jpg |
196 | <B>lpr -o landscape -o scaling=75 -o media=A4 filename.jpg | |
e15022a6 | 197 | </PRE></UL> |
198 | ||
e15022a6 | 199 | <P>The available printer options vary depending on the printer. The standard |
ecf3075f | 200 | options are described in <A HREF="#STANDARD_OPTIONS">Chapter 3, "Standard |
201 | Printing Options"</A>. | |
e15022a6 | 202 | |
203 | <H2>Printing Multiple Copies</H2> | |
204 | ||
205 | <P>Both the <CODE>lp</CODE> and <CODE>lpr</CODE> commands have options for | |
206 | printing more than one copy of a file: | |
207 | ||
208 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 209 | <B>lp -n <I>num-copies</I> filename ENTER</B> |
210 | <B>lpr -#<I>num-copies</I> filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 211 | </PRE></UL> |
6a921799 | 212 | |
ecf3075f | 213 | <P>Copies are normally <I>not</I> collated for you. Use the <CODE>-o |
214 | Collate=True</CODE> option to get collated copies : | |
e15022a6 | 215 | |
216 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 217 | <B>lp -n <I>num-copies</I> -o Collate=True filename ENTER</B> |
218 | <B>lpr -#<I>num-copies</I> -o Collate=True filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 219 | </PRE></UL> |
220 | ||
ecf3075f | 221 | <!-- NEED 3in --> |
e15022a6 | 222 | <H2>Checking the Printer Status from the Command-Line</H2> |
223 | ||
224 | <P>The <CODE>lpstat</CODE> command can be used to check for jobs that you | |
225 | have submitted for printing: | |
226 | ||
227 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 228 | <B>lpstat ENTER</B> |
e15022a6 | 229 | Printer-1 johndoe 4427776 |
230 | Printer-2 johndoe 15786 | |
231 | Printer-3 johndoe 372842 | |
232 | </PRE></UL> | |
233 | ||
ecf3075f | 234 | <P>The jobs are listed in the order they will be printed. Use the |
235 | <CODE>-p</CODE> option to see which files and printers are active: | |
e15022a6 | 236 | |
237 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 238 | <B>lpstat -p ENTER</B> |
e15022a6 | 239 | printer DeskJet now printing DeskJet-1. |
240 | </PRE></UL> | |
241 | ||
ecf3075f | 242 | <!-- NEED 2in --> |
243 | <P>Use the <CODE>-o</CODE> and <CODE>-p</CODE> options together to show | |
244 | the jobs and the printers: | |
e15022a6 | 245 | |
246 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 247 | <B>lpstat -o -p ENTER</B> |
e15022a6 | 248 | Printer-1 johndoe 4427776 |
249 | Printer-2 johndoe 15786 | |
250 | Printer-3 johndoe 372842 | |
251 | printer DeskJet now printing DeskJet-1. | |
252 | </PRE></UL> | |
253 | ||
254 | <H2>Checking the Printer Status from the Web</H2> | |
255 | ||
256 | <P>Since CUPS uses the Internet Printing Protocol, it is also a | |
ecf3075f | 257 | fully-functional web server. To use your web browser to monitor the |
258 | printers on your system, open the URL: | |
259 | ||
260 | <UL><PRE> | |
261 | <A HREF="http://localhost:631">http://localhost:631</A> | |
262 | </PRE></UL> | |
263 | ||
264 | <P>From there you can view the status of classes, jobs, and printers | |
265 | with the click of a button! | |
e15022a6 | 266 | |
267 | <H2>Canceling a Print Job</H2> | |
268 | ||
ecf3075f | 269 | <P>The <CODE>cancel(1)</CODE> and <CODE>lprm(1)</CODE> commands cancel |
270 | a print job: | |
e15022a6 | 271 | |
272 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 273 | <B>cancel <I>job-id</I> ENTER</B> |
274 | <B>lprm <I>job-id</I> ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 275 | </PRE></UL> |
276 | ||
ecf3075f | 277 | <P>The <CODE>job-id</CODE> is the number that was reported to you by |
278 | the <CODE>lp</CODE> or <CODE>lpstat</CODE> commands. | |
6a921799 | 279 | |
ecf3075f | 280 | |
281 | <H1 ALIGN="RIGHT"><A NAME="STANDARD_OPTIONS">3 - Standard Printer Options</A></H1> | |
ba8a42d9 | 282 | |
e15022a6 | 283 | <P>This chapter describes the standard printer options that are available |
3d9e2586 | 284 | when printing with the <CODE>lp</CODE> and <CODE>lpr</CODE> commands. |
e15022a6 | 285 | |
286 | <H2>General Options</H2> | |
287 | ||
288 | <P>The following options apply when printing all types of files. | |
289 | ||
ecf3075f | 290 | <H3>Setting the Orientation</H3> |
291 | ||
292 | <P>The <CODE>-o landscape</CODE> option will rotate the page 90 degrees | |
293 | to print in landscape orientation: | |
294 | ||
295 | <UL><PRE> | |
296 | <B>lp -o landscape filename ENTER</B> | |
297 | <B>lpr -o landscape filename ENTER</B> | |
298 | </PRE></UL> | |
299 | ||
300 | <!-- NEED 2in --> | |
8403cd69 | 301 | <H3>Selecting the Media Size, Type, and Source</H3> |
e15022a6 | 302 | |
ecf3075f | 303 | <P>The <CODE>-o media=xyz</CODE> option sets the media size, type, |
304 | and/or source: | |
e15022a6 | 305 | |
306 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 307 | <B>lp -o media=Letter filename ENTER</B> |
308 | <B>lp -o media=Letter,MultiPurpose filename ENTER</B> | |
309 | <B>lpr -o media=Letter,Transparency filename ENTER</B> | |
310 | <B>lpr -o media=Letter,MultiPurpose,Transparency filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 311 | </PRE></UL> |
312 | ||
ecf3075f | 313 | <!-- NEED 3in --> |
8403cd69 | 314 | <P>The available media sizes, types, and sources depend on the printer, but |
ecf3075f | 315 | most support the following options (case is not significant): |
e15022a6 | 316 | |
317 | <UL> | |
318 | ||
319 | <LI><CODE>Letter</CODE> - US Letter (8.5x11 inches, or 216x279mm) | |
320 | ||
321 | <LI><CODE>Legal</CODE> - US Legal (8.5x14 inches, or 216x356mm) | |
322 | ||
323 | <LI><CODE>A4</CODE> - ISO A4 (8.27x11.69 inches, or 210x297mm) | |
324 | ||
325 | <LI><CODE>COM10</CODE> - US #10 Envelope (9.5x4.125 inches, or | |
326 | 241x105mm) | |
327 | ||
328 | <LI><CODE>DL</CODE> - ISO DL Envelope (8.66x4.33 inches, or 220x110mm) | |
329 | ||
8403cd69 | 330 | <LI><CODE>Transparency</CODE> - Transparency media type or source |
331 | ||
332 | <LI><CODE>Upper</CODE> - Upper paper tray | |
333 | ||
334 | <LI><CODE>Lower</CODE> - Lower paper tray | |
335 | ||
336 | <LI><CODE>MultiPurpose</CODE> - Multi-purpose paper tray | |
337 | ||
338 | <LI><CODE>LargeCapacity</CODE> - Large capacity paper tray | |
339 | ||
e15022a6 | 340 | </UL> |
341 | ||
ecf3075f | 342 | <P>The actual options supported are defined in the printer's PPD file |
343 | in the <CODE>PageSize</CODE>, <CODE>InputSlot</CODE>, and | |
344 | <CODE>MediaType</CODE> options. | |
8403cd69 | 345 | |
ecf3075f | 346 | <H3>Printing On Both Sides of the Paper</H3> |
e15022a6 | 347 | |
ecf3075f | 348 | <P>The <CODE>-o sides=two-sided-short-edge</CODE> and <CODE>-o |
349 | sides=two-sided-long-edge</CODE> options will enable duplexing on the | |
350 | printer, if the printer supports it. The <CODE>-o | |
351 | sides=two-sided-short-edge</CODE> option is suitable for landscape | |
352 | pages, while the <CODE>-o sides=two-sided-long-edge</CODE> option is | |
353 | suitable for portrait pages: | |
e15022a6 | 354 | |
355 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 356 | <B>lp -o sides=two-sided-short-edge filename ENTER</B> |
357 | <B>lp -o sides=two-sided-long-edge filename ENTER</B> | |
358 | <B>lpr -o sides=two-sided-long-edge filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 359 | </PRE></UL> |
360 | ||
ecf3075f | 361 | <P>The default is to print single-sided: |
e15022a6 | 362 | |
363 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 364 | <B>lp -o sides=one-sided filename ENTER</B> |
365 | <B>lpr -o sides=one-sided filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 366 | </PRE></UL> |
367 | ||
368 | <H3>Selecting a Range of Pages</H3> | |
369 | ||
ecf3075f | 370 | <P>The <CODE>-o page-ranges=pages</CODE> option selects a range of |
371 | pages for printing: | |
e15022a6 | 372 | |
373 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 374 | <B>lp -o page-ranges=1 filename ENTER</B> |
375 | <B>lp -o page-ranges=1-4 filename ENTER</B> | |
376 | <B>lp -o page-ranges=1-4,7,9-12 filename ENTER</B> | |
377 | <B>lpr -o page-ranges=1-4,7,9-12 filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 378 | </PRE></UL> |
379 | ||
ecf3075f | 380 | <P>As shown above, the <CODE>pages</CODE> value can be a single page, a |
381 | range of pages, or a collection of page numbers and ranges separated by | |
382 | commas. The pages will always be printed in ascending order, regardless | |
383 | of the order of the pages in the <CODE>page-ranges</CODE> option. | |
e15022a6 | 384 | |
ecf3075f | 385 | <P>The default is to print all pages. |
386 | ||
387 | <H3>Selecting Even or Odd Pages</H3> | |
388 | ||
389 | <P>Use the <CODE>-o page-set=set</CODE> option to select the even or odd pages: | |
e15022a6 | 390 | |
391 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 392 | <B>lp -o page-set=odd filename ENTER</B> |
393 | <B>lp -o page-set=even filename ENTER</B> | |
394 | <B>lpr -o page-set=even filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 395 | </PRE></UL> |
396 | ||
ecf3075f | 397 | <P>The default is to print all pages. |
398 | ||
5e67d874 | 399 | <H3>N-Up Printing</H3> |
400 | ||
ecf3075f | 401 | <P>The <CODE>-o number-up=value</CODE> option selects N-Up printing. |
402 | N-Up printing places multiple document pages on a single printed page. | |
403 | CUPS supports 1-Up, 2-Up, and 4-Up formats: | |
5e67d874 | 404 | |
405 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 406 | <B>lp -o number-up=1 filename ENTER</B> |
407 | <B>lp -o number-up=2 filename ENTER</B> | |
408 | <B>lp -o number-up=4 filename ENTER</B> | |
409 | <B>lpr -o number-up=4 filename ENTER</B> | |
5e67d874 | 410 | </PRE></UL> |
411 | ||
412 | <P>The default format is 1-Up. | |
413 | ||
e15022a6 | 414 | <H3>Setting the Brightness</H3> |
415 | ||
416 | <P>You can control the overall brightness of the printed output using the | |
ecf3075f | 417 | <CODE>-o brightness=percent</CODE> option: |
e15022a6 | 418 | |
419 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 420 | <B>lp -o brightness=120 filename ENTER</B> |
421 | <B>lpr -o brightness=120 filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 422 | </PRE></UL> |
423 | ||
424 | <P>Values greater than 100 will lighten the print, while values less than | |
425 | 100 will darken it. | |
426 | ||
427 | <H3>Setting the Gamma Correction</H3> | |
428 | ||
429 | <P>You can control the overall gamma correction of the printed output | |
ecf3075f | 430 | using the <CODE>-o gamma=value</CODE> option: |
e15022a6 | 431 | |
432 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 433 | <B>lp -o gamma=1700 filename ENTER</B> |
434 | <B>lpr -o gamma=1700 filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 435 | </PRE></UL> |
436 | ||
437 | <P>Values greater than 1000 will lighten the print, while values less | |
ecf3075f | 438 | than 1000 will darken it. The default gamma is 1000. |
e15022a6 | 439 | |
440 | <H2>Text Options</H2> | |
441 | ||
442 | <P>The following options apply when printing text files. | |
443 | ||
444 | <H3>Setting the Number of Characters Per Inch</H3> | |
445 | ||
ecf3075f | 446 | <P>The <CODE>-o cpi=value</CODE> option sets the number of characters per inch: |
e15022a6 | 447 | |
448 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 449 | <B>lp -o cpi=10 filename ENTER</B> |
450 | <B>lp -o cpi=12 filename ENTER</B> | |
451 | <B>lpr -o cpi=17 filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 452 | </PRE></UL> |
453 | ||
ecf3075f | 454 | <P>The default characters per inch is 10. |
455 | ||
e15022a6 | 456 | <H3>Setting the Number of Lines Per Inch</H3> |
457 | ||
ecf3075f | 458 | <P>The <CODE>-o lpi=value</CODE> option sets the number of lines per inch: |
e15022a6 | 459 | |
460 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 461 | <B>lp -o lpi=6 filename ENTER</B> |
462 | <B>lpr -o lpi=8 filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 463 | </PRE></UL> |
464 | ||
ecf3075f | 465 | <P>The default lines per inch is 6. |
466 | ||
e15022a6 | 467 | <H3>Setting the Number of Columns</H3> |
468 | ||
ecf3075f | 469 | <P>The <CODE>-o columns=value</CODE> option sets the number of text columns: |
e15022a6 | 470 | |
471 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 472 | <B>lp -o columns=2 filename ENTER</B> |
473 | <B>lpr -o columns=3 filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 474 | </PRE></UL> |
475 | ||
ecf3075f | 476 | <P>The default number of columns is 1. |
477 | ||
e15022a6 | 478 | <H3>Setting the Page Margins</H3> |
479 | ||
ecf3075f | 480 | <P>Normally the page margins are set to the hard limits of the printer. |
481 | Use the <CODE>-o page-left=value</CODE>, <CODE>-o | |
482 | page-right=value</CODE>, <CODE>-o page-top=value</CODE>, and <CODE>-o | |
483 | page-bottom=value</CODE> options to adjust the page margins: | |
e15022a6 | 484 | |
485 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 486 | <B>lp -o page-left=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B> |
487 | <B>lp -o page-right=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B> | |
488 | <B>lp -o page-top=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B> | |
489 | <B>lp -o page-bottom=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B> | |
490 | <B>lpr -o page-bottom=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 491 | </PRE></UL> |
492 | ||
ecf3075f | 493 | <P>The <CODE>value</CODE> argument is the margin in points; each point is 1/72 inch |
e15022a6 | 494 | or 0.35mm. |
495 | ||
496 | <H3>Pretty Printing</H3> | |
497 | ||
ecf3075f | 498 | <P>The <CODE>-o prettyprint</CODE> option puts a header at the top of each page with the |
e15022a6 | 499 | page number, job title (usually the filename), and the date. Also, C and C++ |
500 | keywords are highlighted, and comment lines are italicized: | |
501 | ||
502 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 503 | <B>lp -o prettyprint filename ENTER</B> |
504 | <B>lpr -o prettyprint filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 505 | </PRE></UL> |
506 | ||
507 | <H2>Image Options</H2> | |
508 | ||
509 | <P>The following options apply when printing image files. | |
510 | ||
511 | <H3>Scaling the Image</H3> | |
512 | ||
ecf3075f | 513 | <P>The <CODE>-o scaling=percent</CODE> and <CODE>-o ppi=value</CODE> |
514 | options change the size of a printed image: | |
e15022a6 | 515 | |
516 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 517 | <B>lp -o scaling=<I>percent</I> filename ENTER</B> |
518 | <B>lp -o ppi=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B> | |
519 | <B>lpr -o ppi=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 520 | </PRE></UL> |
521 | ||
ecf3075f | 522 | <P>The <CODE>percent</CODE> value is a number from 1 to 800 |
523 | specifying the size in relation to the page (<I>not</I> the image.) A | |
524 | scaling of 100 percent will fill the page as completely as the image | |
525 | aspect ratio allows. A scaling of 200 percent will print on up to 4 | |
526 | pages. | |
e15022a6 | 527 | |
ecf3075f | 528 | <P>The ppi <CODE>value</CODE> is a number from 1 to 1200 specifying the |
529 | resolution of the image in pixels per inch. An image that is 3000x2400 | |
530 | pixels will print 10x8 inches at 300 pixels per inch, for example. If | |
531 | the specified resolution makes the image larger than the page, multiple | |
532 | pages will be printed to satisfy the request. | |
e15022a6 | 533 | |
534 | <H3>Adjusting the Hue (Tint) of an Image</H3> | |
535 | ||
ecf3075f | 536 | <P>The <CODE>-o hue=value</CODE> option will adjust the hue of the |
537 | printed image, much like the tint control on your television: | |
ba8a42d9 | 538 | |
e15022a6 | 539 | <UL><PRE> |
ecf3075f | 540 | <B>lp -o hue=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B> |
541 | <B>lpr -o hue=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 542 | </PRE></UL> |
ba8a42d9 | 543 | |
ecf3075f | 544 | <!-- NEED 3in --> |
545 | <P>The <CODE>value</CODE> argument is a number from -360 to 360 and represents the | |
e15022a6 | 546 | color hue rotation. The following table summarizes the change you'll see with |
547 | different colors: | |
548 | ||
549 | <CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="50%" BORDER="1"> | |
550 | <TR> | |
551 | <TH>Original</TH> | |
552 | <TH>hue=-45</TH> | |
553 | <TH>hue=45</TH> | |
554 | </TR> | |
555 | <TR> | |
556 | <TD>Red</TD> | |
557 | <TD>Purple</TD> | |
558 | <TD>Yellow-orange</TD> | |
559 | </TR> | |
560 | <TR> | |
561 | <TD>Green</TD> | |
562 | <TD>Yellow-green</TD> | |
563 | <TD>Blue-green</TD> | |
564 | </TR> | |
565 | <TR> | |
566 | <TD>Yellow</TD> | |
567 | <TD>Orange</TD> | |
568 | <TD>Green-yellow</TD> | |
569 | </TR> | |
570 | <TR> | |
571 | <TD>Blue</TD> | |
572 | <TD>Sky-blue</TD> | |
573 | <TD>Purple</TD> | |
574 | </TR> | |
575 | <TR> | |
576 | <TD>Magenta</TD> | |
577 | <TD>Indigo</TD> | |
578 | <TD>Crimson</TD> | |
579 | </TR> | |
580 | <TR> | |
581 | <TD>Cyan</TD> | |
582 | <TD>Blue-green</TD> | |
583 | <TD>Light-navy-blue</TD> | |
584 | </TR> | |
585 | </TABLE></CENTER> | |
586 | ||
ecf3075f | 587 | <P>The default hue adjustment is 0. |
588 | ||
e15022a6 | 589 | <H3>Adjusting the Saturation (Color) of an Image</H3> |
590 | ||
ecf3075f | 591 | <P>The <CODE>-o saturation=percent</CODE> option adjusts the saturation |
592 | of the colors in an image, much like the color knob on your television: | |
593 | ||
594 | <UL><PRE> | |
595 | <B>lp -o saturation=<I>percent</I> filename ENTER</B> | |
596 | <B>lpr -o saturation=<I>percent</I> filename ENTER</B> | |
597 | </PRE></UL> | |
598 | ||
599 | <P>The <CODE>percent</CODE> argument specifies the color saturation | |
600 | from 0 to 200. A color saturation of 0 produces a black-and-white | |
601 | print, while a value of 200 will make the colors extremely intense. | |
602 | ||
603 | <P>The default saturation is 100. | |
604 | ||
605 | <!-- NEED 2in --> | |
606 | <H2>HP-GL/2 Options</H2> | |
607 | ||
608 | <P>The following options apply to HP-GL/2 files. | |
609 | ||
610 | <H3>Printing in Black</H3> | |
611 | ||
612 | <P>The <CODE>-o blackplot</CODE> option specifies that all pens should | |
613 | plot in black: | |
614 | ||
615 | <U><PRE> | |
616 | <B>lp -o blackplot filename ENTER</B> | |
617 | <B>lpr -o blackplot filename ENTER</B> | |
618 | </PRE></UL> | |
619 | ||
620 | <P>The default is to use the colors defined in the plot file or the | |
621 | standard pen colors defined in the HP-GL/2 reference manual from | |
622 | Hewlett Packard. | |
623 | ||
624 | <H3>Fitting the Plot on the Page</H3> | |
625 | ||
626 | <P>The <CODE>-o fitplot</CODE> option specifies that the plot should be | |
627 | scaled to fit on the page: | |
628 | ||
629 | <U><PRE> | |
630 | <B>lp -o fitplot filename ENTER</B> | |
631 | <B>lpr -o fitplot filename ENTER</B> | |
632 | </PRE></UL> | |
633 | ||
634 | <P>The default is to use the absolute distances specified in the plot | |
635 | file. | |
636 | ||
637 | <CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="80%" CELLPADDING="5" BORDER="1" BGCOLOR="#cccccc"> | |
638 | <TR> | |
639 | <TD> | |
640 | <B>NOTE:</B> | |
641 | ||
642 | <P>This feature depends upon an accurate plot size (<CODE>PS</CODE>) | |
643 | command in the HP-GL/2 file. If no plot size is given in the file | |
644 | than the HP-GL/2 filter assumes the plot is ANSI E size. | |
645 | </TD> | |
646 | </TR> | |
647 | </TABLE></CENTER> | |
648 | ||
649 | <H3>Setting the Default Pen Width</H3> | |
650 | ||
651 | <P>The <CODE>-o penwidth=value</CODE> option specifies the default pen | |
652 | width for HP-GL/2 files: | |
653 | ||
654 | <UL><PRE> | |
655 | <B>lp -o penwidth=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B> | |
656 | <B>lpr -o penwidth=<I>value</I> filename ENTER</B> | |
657 | </PRE></UL> | |
658 | ||
659 | <P>The pen width <CODE>value</CODE> specifies the pen width in micrometers. | |
660 | The default value of 1000 produces lines that are 1 millimeter in width. | |
661 | Specifying a pen width of 0 produces lines that are exactly 1 pixel wide. | |
662 | ||
663 | <CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="80%" CELLPADDING="5" BORDER="1" BGCOLOR="#cccccc"> | |
664 | <TR> | |
665 | <TD> | |
666 | <B>NOTE:</B> | |
667 | ||
668 | <P>This option is ignored when the pen widths are set in the | |
669 | plot file. | |
670 | </TD> | |
671 | </TR> | |
672 | </TABLE></CENTER> | |
673 | ||
674 | ||
675 | <H1 ALIGN="RIGHT"><A NAME="SAVING_OPTIONS">4 - Saving Printer Options and Defaults</A></H1> | |
676 | ||
677 | <P>This chapter describes how to save printer options for your printer and | |
678 | set your own default printer. | |
679 | ||
680 | <H2>Printer Options</H2> | |
681 | ||
682 | <P>Each printer supports a large number of options, which you learned about | |
683 | in <A HREF="#STANDARD_OPTIONS">Chapter 3, "Standard Printer Options"</A>. | |
684 | Rather than specifying these options each time you print a file, CUPS allows | |
685 | you to save them as "default" options for the printer. | |
686 | ||
687 | <P>The <CODE>lpoptions(1)</CODE> command saves the options for your printers. | |
688 | Like the <CODE>lp</CODE> and <CODE>lpr</CODE> commands, it accepts printer | |
689 | options using the <CODE>-o</CODE> argument: | |
e15022a6 | 690 | |
691 | <UL><PRE> | |
ecf3075f | 692 | <B>lpoptions -o media=A4 -o sides=two-sided-long-edge ENTER</B> |
693 | <B>lpoptions -o media=Legal -o scaling=100 ENTER</B> | |
e15022a6 | 694 | </PRE></UL> |
695 | ||
ecf3075f | 696 | <P>Once saved, any <CODE>lp</CODE> or <CODE>lpr</CODE> command will |
697 | use them when you print. | |
698 | ||
699 | <H2>Setting Options for a Specific Printer</H2> | |
700 | ||
701 | <P>The previous example shows how to set the options for the default | |
702 | printer. The <CODE>-p printer</CODE> option specifies the options are | |
703 | for another printer: | |
704 | ||
705 | <UL><PRE> | |
706 | <B>lpoptions -p laserjet -o media=A4 -o sides=two-sided-long-edge ENTER</B> | |
707 | <B>lpoptions -p deskjet -o media=Legal -o scaling=100 ENTER</B> | |
708 | </PRE></UL> | |
709 | ||
710 | <H2>Viewing the Current Defaults</H2> | |
711 | ||
712 | <P>The <CODE>lpoptions</CODE> command can also be used to show the current | |
713 | options by not specifying any new options on the command-line: | |
714 | ||
715 | <UL><PRE> | |
716 | <B>lpoptions ENTER</B> | |
717 | media=A4 sides=two-sided-long-edge | |
718 | <B>lpoptions -p deskjet ENTER</B> | |
719 | media=Legal scaling=100 | |
720 | </PRE></UL> | |
721 | ||
722 | <H2>Setting the Default Printer</H2> | |
723 | ||
724 | <P>The administrator normally will set a system-wide default printer | |
725 | that is normally used as the default printer by everyone. Use the | |
726 | <CODE>-d printer</CODE> option to set your own default printer: | |
727 | ||
728 | <UL><PRE> | |
729 | <B>lpoptions -d deskjet ENTER</B> | |
730 | </PRE></UL> | |
731 | ||
732 | <P>The printer can be local (<CODE>deskjet</CODE>) or remote | |
733 | (<CODE>deskjet@server</CODE>). | |
734 | ||
735 | <H2>Printer Instances</H2> | |
736 | ||
737 | <P>Besides setting options for each print queue, CUPS supports | |
738 | <I>printer instances</I> which allow you to define several different | |
739 | sets of options for each printer. You specify a printer instance using | |
740 | the slash (<CODE>/</CODE>) character: | |
741 | ||
742 | <UL><PRE> | |
743 | <B>lpoptions -p laserjet/duplex -o sides=two-sided-long-edge ENTER</B> | |
744 | <B>lpoptions -p laserjet/legal -o media=Legal ENTER</B> | |
745 | </PRE></UL> | |
746 | ||
747 | <P>The <CODE>lp</CODE> and </CODE>lpr</CODE> commands also understand | |
748 | this notation: | |
749 | ||
750 | <UL><PRE> | |
751 | <B>lp -d laserjet/duplex filename ENTER</B> | |
752 | <B>lpr -P laserjet/legal filename ENTER</B> | |
753 | </PRE></UL> | |
754 | ||
755 | <H2>Removing Instances</H2> | |
756 | ||
757 | <P>Use the <CODE>-x printer/instance</CODE> option to remove a printer | |
758 | instance that you no longer need: | |
759 | ||
760 | <UL><PRE> | |
761 | <B>lpoptions -x laserjet ENTER</B> | |
762 | <B>lpoptions -x laserjet/duplex ENTER</B> | |
763 | <B>lpoptions -x laserjet/legal ENTER</B> | |
764 | </PRE></UL> | |
765 | ||
766 | <P>The <CODE>-x</CODE> option only removes the default options for that | |
767 | printer and instance; the original print queue will remain until deleted | |
768 | with the <CODE>lpadmin(8)</CODE> command by the administrator. | |
769 | ||
770 | ||
771 | <H1 ALIGN="RIGHT"><A NAME="LICENSE">A - Software License | |
772 | Agreement</A></H1> | |
773 | ||
774 | <EMBED SRC="../LICENSE.html"> | |
ba8a42d9 | 775 | |
6a921799 | 776 | </BODY> |
777 | </HTML> |