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1 /* BFD support for the ARM processor
2 Copyright (C) 1994-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 Contributed by Richard Earnshaw (rwe@pegasus.esprit.ec.org)
4
5 This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.
6
7 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
11
12 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
16
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19 Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston,
20 MA 02110-1301, USA. */
21
22 #include "sysdep.h"
23 #include "bfd.h"
24 #include "libbfd.h"
25 #include "libiberty.h"
26 #include "cpu-arm.h"
27
28 /* This routine is provided two arch_infos and works out which ARM
29 machine which would be compatible with both and returns a pointer
30 to its info structure. */
31
32 static const bfd_arch_info_type *
33 compatible (const bfd_arch_info_type *a, const bfd_arch_info_type *b)
34 {
35 /* If a & b are for different architecture we can do nothing. */
36 if (a->arch != b->arch)
37 return NULL;
38
39 /* If a & b are for the same machine then all is well. */
40 if (a->mach == b->mach)
41 return a;
42
43 /* Otherwise if either a or b is the 'default' machine
44 then it can be polymorphed into the other. */
45 if (a->the_default)
46 return b;
47
48 if (b->the_default)
49 return a;
50
51 /* So far all newer ARM architecture cores are
52 supersets of previous cores. */
53 if (a->mach < b->mach)
54 return b;
55 else if (a->mach > b->mach)
56 return a;
57
58 /* Never reached! */
59 return NULL;
60 }
61
62 static struct
63 {
64 unsigned int mach;
65 char * name;
66 }
67 processors[] =
68 {
69 { bfd_mach_arm_2, "arm2" },
70 { bfd_mach_arm_2a, "arm250" },
71 { bfd_mach_arm_2a, "arm3" },
72 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm6" },
73 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm60" },
74 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm600" },
75 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm610" },
76 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm620" },
77 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm7" },
78 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm70" },
79 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm700" },
80 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm700i" },
81 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm710" },
82 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm7100" },
83 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm710c" },
84 { bfd_mach_arm_4T, "arm710t" },
85 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm720" },
86 { bfd_mach_arm_4T, "arm720t" },
87 { bfd_mach_arm_4T, "arm740t" },
88 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm7500" },
89 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm7500fe" },
90 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm7d" },
91 { bfd_mach_arm_3, "arm7di" },
92 { bfd_mach_arm_3M, "arm7dm" },
93 { bfd_mach_arm_3M, "arm7dmi" },
94 { bfd_mach_arm_4T, "arm7t" },
95 { bfd_mach_arm_4T, "arm7tdmi" },
96 { bfd_mach_arm_4T, "arm7tdmi-s" },
97 { bfd_mach_arm_3M, "arm7m" },
98 { bfd_mach_arm_4, "arm8" },
99 { bfd_mach_arm_4, "arm810" },
100 { bfd_mach_arm_4, "arm9" },
101 { bfd_mach_arm_4T, "arm920" },
102 { bfd_mach_arm_4T, "arm920t" },
103 { bfd_mach_arm_4T, "arm922t" },
104 { bfd_mach_arm_5TEJ, "arm926ej" },
105 { bfd_mach_arm_5TEJ, "arm926ejs" },
106 { bfd_mach_arm_5TEJ, "arm926ej-s" },
107 { bfd_mach_arm_4T, "arm940t" },
108 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "arm946e" },
109 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "arm946e-r0" },
110 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "arm946e-s" },
111 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "arm966e" },
112 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "arm966e-r0" },
113 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "arm966e-s" },
114 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "arm968e-s" },
115 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "arm9e" },
116 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "arm9e-r0" },
117 { bfd_mach_arm_4T, "arm9tdmi" },
118 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "arm1020" },
119 { bfd_mach_arm_5T, "arm1020t" },
120 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "arm1020e" },
121 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "arm1022e" },
122 { bfd_mach_arm_5TEJ, "arm1026ejs" },
123 { bfd_mach_arm_5TEJ, "arm1026ej-s" },
124 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "arm10e" },
125 { bfd_mach_arm_5T, "arm10t" },
126 { bfd_mach_arm_5T, "arm10tdmi" },
127 { bfd_mach_arm_6, "arm1136j-s" },
128 { bfd_mach_arm_6, "arm1136js" },
129 { bfd_mach_arm_6, "arm1136jf-s" },
130 { bfd_mach_arm_6, "arm1136jfs" },
131 { bfd_mach_arm_6KZ, "arm1176jz-s" },
132 { bfd_mach_arm_6KZ, "arm1176jzf-s" },
133 { bfd_mach_arm_6T2, "arm1156t2-s" },
134 { bfd_mach_arm_6T2, "arm1156t2f-s" },
135 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "cortex-a5" },
136 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "cortex-a7" },
137 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "cortex-a8" },
138 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "cortex-a9" },
139 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "cortex-a12" },
140 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "cortex-a15" },
141 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "cortex-a17" },
142 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-a32" },
143 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-a35" },
144 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-a53" },
145 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-a55" },
146 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-a57" },
147 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-a72" },
148 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-a73" },
149 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-a75" },
150 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-a76" },
151 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-a76ae" },
152 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-a77" },
153 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-a78" },
154 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-a78ae" },
155 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-a78c" },
156 { bfd_mach_arm_6SM, "cortex-m0" },
157 { bfd_mach_arm_6SM, "cortex-m0plus" },
158 { bfd_mach_arm_6SM, "cortex-m1" },
159 { bfd_mach_arm_8M_BASE, "cortex-m23" },
160 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "cortex-m3" },
161 { bfd_mach_arm_8M_MAIN, "cortex-m33" },
162 { bfd_mach_arm_8M_MAIN, "cortex-m35p" },
163 { bfd_mach_arm_7EM, "cortex-m4" },
164 { bfd_mach_arm_7EM, "cortex-m7" },
165 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "cortex-r4" },
166 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "cortex-r4f" },
167 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "cortex-r5" },
168 { bfd_mach_arm_8R, "cortex-r52" },
169 { bfd_mach_arm_8R, "cortex-r52plus" },
170 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "cortex-r7" },
171 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "cortex-r8" },
172 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "cortex-x1" },
173 { bfd_mach_arm_4T, "ep9312" },
174 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "exynos-m1" },
175 { bfd_mach_arm_4, "fa526" },
176 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "fa606te" },
177 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "fa616te" },
178 { bfd_mach_arm_4, "fa626" },
179 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "fa626te" },
180 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "fa726te" },
181 { bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "fmp626" },
182 { bfd_mach_arm_XScale, "i80200" },
183 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "marvell-pj4" },
184 { bfd_mach_arm_7, "marvell-whitney" },
185 { bfd_mach_arm_6K, "mpcore" },
186 { bfd_mach_arm_6K, "mpcorenovfp" },
187 { bfd_mach_arm_4, "sa1" },
188 { bfd_mach_arm_4, "strongarm" },
189 { bfd_mach_arm_4, "strongarm1" },
190 { bfd_mach_arm_4, "strongarm110" },
191 { bfd_mach_arm_4, "strongarm1100" },
192 { bfd_mach_arm_4, "strongarm1110" },
193 { bfd_mach_arm_XScale, "xscale" },
194 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "xgene1" },
195 { bfd_mach_arm_8, "xgene2" },
196 { bfd_mach_arm_9, "cortex-a710" },
197 { bfd_mach_arm_ep9312, "ep9312" },
198 { bfd_mach_arm_iWMMXt, "iwmmxt" },
199 { bfd_mach_arm_iWMMXt2, "iwmmxt2" },
200 { bfd_mach_arm_unknown, "arm_any" }
201 };
202
203 static bool
204 scan (const struct bfd_arch_info *info, const char *string)
205 {
206 int i;
207
208 /* First test for an exact match. */
209 if (strcasecmp (string, info->printable_name) == 0)
210 return true;
211
212 /* Next check for a processor name instead of an Architecture name. */
213 for (i = sizeof (processors) / sizeof (processors[0]); i--;)
214 {
215 if (strcasecmp (string, processors [i].name) == 0)
216 break;
217 }
218
219 if (i != -1 && info->mach == processors [i].mach)
220 return true;
221
222 /* Finally check for the default architecture. */
223 if (strcasecmp (string, "arm") == 0)
224 return info->the_default;
225
226 return false;
227 }
228
229 #define N(number, print, default, next) \
230 { 32, 32, 8, bfd_arch_arm, number, "arm", print, 4, default, compatible, \
231 scan, bfd_arch_default_fill, next, 0 }
232
233 static const bfd_arch_info_type arch_info_struct[] =
234 {
235 N (bfd_mach_arm_2, "armv2", false, & arch_info_struct[1]),
236 N (bfd_mach_arm_2a, "armv2a", false, & arch_info_struct[2]),
237 N (bfd_mach_arm_3, "armv3", false, & arch_info_struct[3]),
238 N (bfd_mach_arm_3M, "armv3m", false, & arch_info_struct[4]),
239 N (bfd_mach_arm_4, "armv4", false, & arch_info_struct[5]),
240 N (bfd_mach_arm_4T, "armv4t", false, & arch_info_struct[6]),
241 N (bfd_mach_arm_5, "armv5", false, & arch_info_struct[7]),
242 N (bfd_mach_arm_5T, "armv5t", false, & arch_info_struct[8]),
243 N (bfd_mach_arm_5TE, "armv5te", false, & arch_info_struct[9]),
244 N (bfd_mach_arm_XScale, "xscale", false, & arch_info_struct[10]),
245 N (bfd_mach_arm_ep9312, "ep9312", false, & arch_info_struct[11]),
246 N (bfd_mach_arm_iWMMXt, "iwmmxt", false, & arch_info_struct[12]),
247 N (bfd_mach_arm_iWMMXt2, "iwmmxt2", false, & arch_info_struct[13]),
248 N (bfd_mach_arm_5TEJ, "armv5tej", false, & arch_info_struct[14]),
249 N (bfd_mach_arm_6, "armv6", false, & arch_info_struct[15]),
250 N (bfd_mach_arm_6KZ, "armv6kz", false, & arch_info_struct[16]),
251 N (bfd_mach_arm_6T2, "armv6t2", false, & arch_info_struct[17]),
252 N (bfd_mach_arm_6K, "armv6k", false, & arch_info_struct[18]),
253 N (bfd_mach_arm_7, "armv7", false, & arch_info_struct[19]),
254 N (bfd_mach_arm_6M, "armv6-m", false, & arch_info_struct[20]),
255 N (bfd_mach_arm_6SM, "armv6s-m", false, & arch_info_struct[21]),
256 N (bfd_mach_arm_7EM, "armv7e-m", false, & arch_info_struct[22]),
257 N (bfd_mach_arm_8, "armv8-a", false, & arch_info_struct[23]),
258 N (bfd_mach_arm_8R, "armv8-r", false, & arch_info_struct[24]),
259 N (bfd_mach_arm_8M_BASE, "armv8-m.base", false, & arch_info_struct[25]),
260 N (bfd_mach_arm_8M_MAIN, "armv8-m.main", false, & arch_info_struct[26]),
261 N (bfd_mach_arm_8_1M_MAIN, "armv8.1-m.main", false, & arch_info_struct[27]),
262 N (bfd_mach_arm_9, "armv9-a", false, & arch_info_struct[28]),
263 N (bfd_mach_arm_unknown, "arm_any", false, NULL)
264 };
265
266 const bfd_arch_info_type bfd_arm_arch =
267 N (0, "arm", true, & arch_info_struct[0]);
268
269 /* Support functions used by both the COFF and ELF versions of the ARM port. */
270
271 /* Handle the merging of the 'machine' settings of input file IBFD
272 and an output file OBFD. These values actually represent the
273 different possible ARM architecture variants.
274 Returns TRUE if they were merged successfully or FALSE otherwise. */
275
276 bool
277 bfd_arm_merge_machines (bfd *ibfd, bfd *obfd)
278 {
279 unsigned int in = bfd_get_mach (ibfd);
280 unsigned int out = bfd_get_mach (obfd);
281
282 /* If the output architecture is unknown, we now have a value to set. */
283 if (out == bfd_mach_arm_unknown)
284 bfd_set_arch_mach (obfd, bfd_arch_arm, in);
285
286 /* If the input architecture is unknown,
287 then so must be the output architecture. */
288 else if (in == bfd_mach_arm_unknown)
289 /* FIXME: We ought to have some way to
290 override this on the command line. */
291 bfd_set_arch_mach (obfd, bfd_arch_arm, bfd_mach_arm_unknown);
292
293 /* If they are the same then nothing needs to be done. */
294 else if (out == in)
295 ;
296
297 /* Otherwise the general principle that a earlier architecture can be
298 linked with a later architecture to produce a binary that will execute
299 on the later architecture.
300
301 We fail however if we attempt to link a Cirrus EP9312 binary with an
302 Intel XScale binary, since these architecture have co-processors which
303 will not both be present on the same physical hardware. */
304 else if (in == bfd_mach_arm_ep9312
305 && (out == bfd_mach_arm_XScale
306 || out == bfd_mach_arm_iWMMXt
307 || out == bfd_mach_arm_iWMMXt2))
308 {
309 /* xgettext: c-format */
310 _bfd_error_handler (_("error: %pB is compiled for the EP9312, "
311 "whereas %pB is compiled for XScale"),
312 ibfd, obfd);
313 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_wrong_format);
314 return false;
315 }
316 else if (out == bfd_mach_arm_ep9312
317 && (in == bfd_mach_arm_XScale
318 || in == bfd_mach_arm_iWMMXt
319 || in == bfd_mach_arm_iWMMXt2))
320 {
321 /* xgettext: c-format */
322 _bfd_error_handler (_("error: %pB is compiled for the EP9312, "
323 "whereas %pB is compiled for XScale"),
324 obfd, ibfd);
325 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_wrong_format);
326 return false;
327 }
328 else if (in > out)
329 bfd_set_arch_mach (obfd, bfd_arch_arm, in);
330 /* else
331 Nothing to do. */
332
333 return true;
334 }
335
336 typedef struct
337 {
338 unsigned char namesz[4]; /* Size of entry's owner string. */
339 unsigned char descsz[4]; /* Size of the note descriptor. */
340 unsigned char type[4]; /* Interpretation of the descriptor. */
341 char name[1]; /* Start of the name+desc data. */
342 } arm_Note;
343
344 static bool
345 arm_check_note (bfd *abfd,
346 bfd_byte *buffer,
347 bfd_size_type buffer_size,
348 const char *expected_name,
349 char **description_return)
350 {
351 unsigned long namesz;
352 unsigned long descsz;
353 unsigned long type;
354 char * descr;
355
356 if (buffer_size < offsetof (arm_Note, name))
357 return false;
358
359 /* We have to extract the values this way to allow for a
360 host whose endian-ness is different from the target. */
361 namesz = bfd_get_32 (abfd, buffer);
362 descsz = bfd_get_32 (abfd, buffer + offsetof (arm_Note, descsz));
363 type = bfd_get_32 (abfd, buffer + offsetof (arm_Note, type));
364 descr = (char *) buffer + offsetof (arm_Note, name);
365
366 /* Check for buffer overflow. */
367 if (namesz + descsz + offsetof (arm_Note, name) > buffer_size)
368 return false;
369
370 if (expected_name == NULL)
371 {
372 if (namesz != 0)
373 return false;
374 }
375 else
376 {
377 if (namesz != ((strlen (expected_name) + 1 + 3) & ~3))
378 return false;
379
380 if (strcmp (descr, expected_name) != 0)
381 return false;
382
383 descr += (namesz + 3) & ~3;
384 }
385
386 /* FIXME: We should probably check the type as well. */
387 (void) type;
388
389 if (description_return != NULL)
390 * description_return = descr;
391
392 return true;
393 }
394
395 #define NOTE_ARCH_STRING "arch: "
396
397 bool
398 bfd_arm_update_notes (bfd *abfd, const char *note_section)
399 {
400 asection * arm_arch_section;
401 bfd_size_type buffer_size;
402 bfd_byte * buffer;
403 char * arch_string;
404 char * expected;
405
406 /* Look for a note section. If one is present check the architecture
407 string encoded in it, and set it to the current architecture if it is
408 different. */
409 arm_arch_section = bfd_get_section_by_name (abfd, note_section);
410
411 if (arm_arch_section == NULL)
412 return true;
413
414 buffer_size = arm_arch_section->size;
415 if (buffer_size == 0)
416 return false;
417
418 if (!bfd_malloc_and_get_section (abfd, arm_arch_section, &buffer))
419 goto FAIL;
420
421 /* Parse the note. */
422 if (! arm_check_note (abfd, buffer, buffer_size, NOTE_ARCH_STRING, & arch_string))
423 goto FAIL;
424
425 /* Check the architecture in the note against the architecture of the bfd.
426 Newer architectures versions should not be added here as build attribute
427 are a better mechanism to convey ISA used. */
428 switch (bfd_get_mach (abfd))
429 {
430 default:
431 case bfd_mach_arm_unknown: expected = "unknown"; break;
432 case bfd_mach_arm_2: expected = "armv2"; break;
433 case bfd_mach_arm_2a: expected = "armv2a"; break;
434 case bfd_mach_arm_3: expected = "armv3"; break;
435 case bfd_mach_arm_3M: expected = "armv3M"; break;
436 case bfd_mach_arm_4: expected = "armv4"; break;
437 case bfd_mach_arm_4T: expected = "armv4t"; break;
438 case bfd_mach_arm_5: expected = "armv5"; break;
439 case bfd_mach_arm_5T: expected = "armv5t"; break;
440 case bfd_mach_arm_5TE: expected = "armv5te"; break;
441 case bfd_mach_arm_XScale: expected = "XScale"; break;
442 case bfd_mach_arm_ep9312: expected = "ep9312"; break;
443 case bfd_mach_arm_iWMMXt: expected = "iWMMXt"; break;
444 case bfd_mach_arm_iWMMXt2: expected = "iWMMXt2"; break;
445 }
446
447 if (strcmp (arch_string, expected) != 0)
448 {
449 strcpy ((char *) buffer + (offsetof (arm_Note, name)
450 + ((strlen (NOTE_ARCH_STRING) + 3) & ~3)),
451 expected);
452
453 if (! bfd_set_section_contents (abfd, arm_arch_section, buffer,
454 (file_ptr) 0, buffer_size))
455 {
456 _bfd_error_handler
457 /* xgettext: c-format */
458 (_("warning: unable to update contents of %s section in %pB"),
459 note_section, abfd);
460 goto FAIL;
461 }
462 }
463
464 free (buffer);
465 return true;
466
467 FAIL:
468 free (buffer);
469 return false;
470 }
471
472
473 static struct
474 {
475 const char * string;
476 unsigned int mach;
477 }
478
479 /* Newer architectures versions should not be added here as build attribute are
480 a better mechanism to convey ISA used. */
481 architectures[] =
482 {
483 { "armv2", bfd_mach_arm_2 },
484 { "armv2a", bfd_mach_arm_2a },
485 { "armv3", bfd_mach_arm_3 },
486 { "armv3M", bfd_mach_arm_3M },
487 { "armv4", bfd_mach_arm_4 },
488 { "armv4t", bfd_mach_arm_4T },
489 { "armv5", bfd_mach_arm_5 },
490 { "armv5t", bfd_mach_arm_5T },
491 { "armv5te", bfd_mach_arm_5TE },
492 { "XScale", bfd_mach_arm_XScale },
493 { "ep9312", bfd_mach_arm_ep9312 },
494 { "iWMMXt", bfd_mach_arm_iWMMXt },
495 { "iWMMXt2", bfd_mach_arm_iWMMXt2 },
496 { "arm_any", bfd_mach_arm_unknown }
497 };
498
499 /* Extract the machine number stored in a note section. */
500 unsigned int
501 bfd_arm_get_mach_from_notes (bfd *abfd, const char *note_section)
502 {
503 asection * arm_arch_section;
504 bfd_size_type buffer_size;
505 bfd_byte * buffer;
506 char * arch_string;
507 int i;
508
509 /* Look for a note section. If one is present check the architecture
510 string encoded in it, and set it to the current architecture if it is
511 different. */
512 arm_arch_section = bfd_get_section_by_name (abfd, note_section);
513
514 if (arm_arch_section == NULL)
515 return bfd_mach_arm_unknown;
516
517 buffer_size = arm_arch_section->size;
518 if (buffer_size == 0)
519 return bfd_mach_arm_unknown;
520
521 if (!bfd_malloc_and_get_section (abfd, arm_arch_section, &buffer))
522 goto FAIL;
523
524 /* Parse the note. */
525 if (! arm_check_note (abfd, buffer, buffer_size, NOTE_ARCH_STRING, & arch_string))
526 goto FAIL;
527
528 /* Interpret the architecture string. */
529 for (i = ARRAY_SIZE (architectures); i--;)
530 if (strcmp (arch_string, architectures[i].string) == 0)
531 {
532 free (buffer);
533 return architectures[i].mach;
534 }
535
536 FAIL:
537 free (buffer);
538 return bfd_mach_arm_unknown;
539 }
540
541 bool
542 bfd_is_arm_special_symbol_name (const char * name, int type)
543 {
544 /* The ARM compiler outputs several obsolete forms. Recognize them
545 in addition to the standard $a, $t and $d. We are somewhat loose
546 in what we accept here, since the full set is not documented. */
547 if (!name || name[0] != '$')
548 return false;
549 if (name[1] == 'a' || name[1] == 't' || name[1] == 'd')
550 type &= BFD_ARM_SPECIAL_SYM_TYPE_MAP;
551 else if (name[1] == 'm' || name[1] == 'f' || name[1] == 'p')
552 type &= BFD_ARM_SPECIAL_SYM_TYPE_TAG;
553 else if (name[1] >= 'a' && name[1] <= 'z')
554 type &= BFD_ARM_SPECIAL_SYM_TYPE_OTHER;
555 else
556 return false;
557
558 return (type != 0 && (name[2] == 0 || name[2] == '.'));
559 }
560