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1 /* gdb commands implemented in Python
2
3 Copyright (C) 2008-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4
5 This file is part of GDB.
6
7 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
11
12 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
16
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
19
20
21 #include "defs.h"
22 #include "arch-utils.h"
23 #include "value.h"
24 #include "python-internal.h"
25 #include "charset.h"
26 #include "gdbcmd.h"
27 #include "cli/cli-decode.h"
28 #include "completer.h"
29 #include "language.h"
30
31 /* Struct representing built-in completion types. */
32 struct cmdpy_completer
33 {
34 /* Python symbol name. */
35 const char *name;
36 /* Completion function. */
37 completer_ftype *completer;
38 };
39
40 static const struct cmdpy_completer completers[] =
41 {
42 { "COMPLETE_NONE", noop_completer },
43 { "COMPLETE_FILENAME", filename_completer },
44 { "COMPLETE_LOCATION", location_completer },
45 { "COMPLETE_COMMAND", command_completer },
46 { "COMPLETE_SYMBOL", symbol_completer },
47 { "COMPLETE_EXPRESSION", expression_completer },
48 };
49
50 #define N_COMPLETERS (sizeof (completers) / sizeof (completers[0]))
51
52 /* A gdb command. For the time being only ordinary commands (not
53 set/show commands) are allowed. */
54 struct cmdpy_object
55 {
56 PyObject_HEAD
57
58 /* The corresponding gdb command object, or NULL if the command is
59 no longer installed. */
60 struct cmd_list_element *command;
61
62 /* A prefix command requires storage for a list of its sub-commands.
63 A pointer to this is passed to add_prefix_command, and to add_cmd
64 for sub-commands of that prefix. If this Command is not a prefix
65 command, then this field is unused. */
66 struct cmd_list_element *sub_list;
67 };
68
69 extern PyTypeObject cmdpy_object_type
70 CPYCHECKER_TYPE_OBJECT_FOR_TYPEDEF ("cmdpy_object");
71
72 /* Constants used by this module. */
73 static PyObject *invoke_cst;
74 static PyObject *complete_cst;
75
76 \f
77
78 /* Python function which wraps dont_repeat. */
79 static PyObject *
80 cmdpy_dont_repeat (PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
81 {
82 dont_repeat ();
83 Py_RETURN_NONE;
84 }
85
86 \f
87
88 /* Called if the gdb cmd_list_element is destroyed. */
89
90 static void
91 cmdpy_destroyer (struct cmd_list_element *self, void *context)
92 {
93 gdbpy_enter enter_py (get_current_arch (), current_language);
94
95 /* Release our hold on the command object. */
96 gdbpy_ref<cmdpy_object> cmd ((cmdpy_object *) context);
97 cmd->command = NULL;
98
99 /* We may have allocated the prefix name. */
100 xfree ((char *) self->prefixname);
101 }
102
103 /* Called by gdb to invoke the command. */
104
105 static void
106 cmdpy_function (struct cmd_list_element *command,
107 const char *args, int from_tty)
108 {
109 cmdpy_object *obj = (cmdpy_object *) get_cmd_context (command);
110
111 gdbpy_enter enter_py (get_current_arch (), current_language);
112
113 if (! obj)
114 error (_("Invalid invocation of Python command object."));
115 if (! PyObject_HasAttr ((PyObject *) obj, invoke_cst))
116 {
117 if (obj->command->prefixname)
118 {
119 /* A prefix command does not need an invoke method. */
120 return;
121 }
122 error (_("Python command object missing 'invoke' method."));
123 }
124
125 if (! args)
126 args = "";
127 gdbpy_ref<> argobj (PyUnicode_Decode (args, strlen (args), host_charset (),
128 NULL));
129 if (argobj == NULL)
130 {
131 gdbpy_print_stack ();
132 error (_("Could not convert arguments to Python string."));
133 }
134
135 gdbpy_ref<> ttyobj
136 = gdbpy_ref<>::new_reference (from_tty ? Py_True : Py_False);
137 gdbpy_ref<> result (PyObject_CallMethodObjArgs ((PyObject *) obj, invoke_cst,
138 argobj.get (), ttyobj.get (),
139 NULL));
140
141 if (result == NULL)
142 gdbpy_handle_exception ();
143 }
144
145 /* Helper function for the Python command completers (both "pure"
146 completer and brkchar handler). This function takes COMMAND, TEXT
147 and WORD and tries to call the Python method for completion with
148 these arguments.
149
150 This function is usually called twice: once when we are figuring out
151 the break characters to be used, and another to perform the real
152 completion itself. The reason for this two step dance is that we
153 need to know the set of "brkchars" to use early on, before we
154 actually try to perform the completion. But if a Python command
155 supplies a "complete" method then we have to call that method
156 first: it may return as its result the kind of completion to
157 perform and that will in turn specify which brkchars to use. IOW,
158 we need the result of the "complete" method before we actually
159 perform the completion. The only situation when this function is
160 not called twice is when the user uses the "complete" command: in
161 this scenario, there is no call to determine the "brkchars".
162
163 Ideally, it would be nice to cache the result of the first call (to
164 determine the "brkchars") and return this value directly in the
165 second call (to perform the actual completion). However, due to
166 the peculiarity of the "complete" command mentioned above, it is
167 possible to put GDB in a bad state if you perform a TAB-completion
168 and then a "complete"-completion sequentially. Therefore, we just
169 recalculate everything twice for TAB-completions.
170
171 This function returns a reference to the PyObject representing the
172 Python method call. */
173
174 static gdbpy_ref<>
175 cmdpy_completer_helper (struct cmd_list_element *command,
176 const char *text, const char *word)
177 {
178 cmdpy_object *obj = (cmdpy_object *) get_cmd_context (command);
179
180 if (obj == NULL)
181 error (_("Invalid invocation of Python command object."));
182 if (!PyObject_HasAttr ((PyObject *) obj, complete_cst))
183 {
184 /* If there is no complete method, don't error. */
185 return NULL;
186 }
187
188 gdbpy_ref<> textobj (PyUnicode_Decode (text, strlen (text), host_charset (),
189 NULL));
190 if (textobj == NULL)
191 error (_("Could not convert argument to Python string."));
192
193 gdbpy_ref<> wordobj;
194 if (word == NULL)
195 {
196 /* "brkchars" phase. */
197 wordobj = gdbpy_ref<>::new_reference (Py_None);
198 }
199 else
200 {
201 wordobj.reset (PyUnicode_Decode (word, strlen (word), host_charset (),
202 NULL));
203 if (wordobj == NULL)
204 error (_("Could not convert argument to Python string."));
205 }
206
207 gdbpy_ref<> resultobj (PyObject_CallMethodObjArgs ((PyObject *) obj,
208 complete_cst,
209 textobj.get (),
210 wordobj.get (), NULL));
211 if (resultobj == NULL)
212 {
213 /* Just swallow errors here. */
214 PyErr_Clear ();
215 }
216
217 return resultobj;
218 }
219
220 /* Python function called to determine the break characters of a
221 certain completer. We are only interested in knowing if the
222 completer registered by the user will return one of the integer
223 codes (see COMPLETER_* symbols). */
224
225 static void
226 cmdpy_completer_handle_brkchars (struct cmd_list_element *command,
227 completion_tracker &tracker,
228 const char *text, const char *word)
229 {
230 gdbpy_enter enter_py (get_current_arch (), current_language);
231
232 /* Calling our helper to obtain a reference to the PyObject of the Python
233 function. */
234 gdbpy_ref<> resultobj = cmdpy_completer_helper (command, text, word);
235
236 /* Check if there was an error. */
237 if (resultobj == NULL)
238 return;
239
240 if (PyInt_Check (resultobj.get ()))
241 {
242 /* User code may also return one of the completion constants,
243 thus requesting that sort of completion. We are only
244 interested in this kind of return. */
245 long value;
246
247 if (!gdb_py_int_as_long (resultobj.get (), &value))
248 {
249 /* Ignore. */
250 PyErr_Clear ();
251 }
252 else if (value >= 0 && value < (long) N_COMPLETERS)
253 {
254 completer_handle_brkchars_ftype *brkchars_fn;
255
256 /* This is the core of this function. Depending on which
257 completer type the Python function returns, we have to
258 adjust the break characters accordingly. */
259 brkchars_fn = (completer_handle_brkchars_func_for_completer
260 (completers[value].completer));
261 brkchars_fn (command, tracker, text, word);
262 }
263 }
264 }
265
266 /* Called by gdb for command completion. */
267
268 static void
269 cmdpy_completer (struct cmd_list_element *command,
270 completion_tracker &tracker,
271 const char *text, const char *word)
272 {
273 gdbpy_enter enter_py (get_current_arch (), current_language);
274
275 /* Calling our helper to obtain a reference to the PyObject of the Python
276 function. */
277 gdbpy_ref<> resultobj = cmdpy_completer_helper (command, text, word);
278
279 /* If the result object of calling the Python function is NULL, it
280 means that there was an error. In this case, just give up. */
281 if (resultobj == NULL)
282 return;
283
284 if (PyInt_Check (resultobj.get ()))
285 {
286 /* User code may also return one of the completion constants,
287 thus requesting that sort of completion. */
288 long value;
289
290 if (! gdb_py_int_as_long (resultobj.get (), &value))
291 {
292 /* Ignore. */
293 PyErr_Clear ();
294 }
295 else if (value >= 0 && value < (long) N_COMPLETERS)
296 completers[value].completer (command, tracker, text, word);
297 }
298 else
299 {
300 gdbpy_ref<> iter (PyObject_GetIter (resultobj.get ()));
301
302 if (iter == NULL)
303 return;
304
305 bool got_matches = false;
306 while (true)
307 {
308 gdbpy_ref<> elt (PyIter_Next (iter.get ()));
309 if (elt == NULL)
310 break;
311
312 if (! gdbpy_is_string (elt.get ()))
313 {
314 /* Skip problem elements. */
315 continue;
316 }
317 gdb::unique_xmalloc_ptr<char>
318 item (python_string_to_host_string (elt.get ()));
319 if (item == NULL)
320 {
321 /* Skip problem elements. */
322 PyErr_Clear ();
323 continue;
324 }
325 tracker.add_completion (std::move (item));
326 got_matches = true;
327 }
328
329 /* If we got some results, ignore problems. Otherwise, report
330 the problem. */
331 if (got_matches && PyErr_Occurred ())
332 PyErr_Clear ();
333 }
334 }
335
336 /* Helper for cmdpy_init which locates the command list to use and
337 pulls out the command name.
338
339 NAME is the command name list. The final word in the list is the
340 name of the new command. All earlier words must be existing prefix
341 commands.
342
343 *BASE_LIST is set to the final prefix command's list of
344 *sub-commands.
345
346 START_LIST is the list in which the search starts.
347
348 This function returns the xmalloc()d name of the new command. On
349 error sets the Python error and returns NULL. */
350
351 char *
352 gdbpy_parse_command_name (const char *name,
353 struct cmd_list_element ***base_list,
354 struct cmd_list_element **start_list)
355 {
356 struct cmd_list_element *elt;
357 int len = strlen (name);
358 int i, lastchar;
359 const char *prefix_text2;
360 char *result;
361
362 /* Skip trailing whitespace. */
363 for (i = len - 1; i >= 0 && (name[i] == ' ' || name[i] == '\t'); --i)
364 ;
365 if (i < 0)
366 {
367 PyErr_SetString (PyExc_RuntimeError, _("No command name found."));
368 return NULL;
369 }
370 lastchar = i;
371
372 /* Find first character of the final word. */
373 for (; i > 0 && valid_cmd_char_p (name[i - 1]); --i)
374 ;
375 result = (char *) xmalloc (lastchar - i + 2);
376 memcpy (result, &name[i], lastchar - i + 1);
377 result[lastchar - i + 1] = '\0';
378
379 /* Skip whitespace again. */
380 for (--i; i >= 0 && (name[i] == ' ' || name[i] == '\t'); --i)
381 ;
382 if (i < 0)
383 {
384 *base_list = start_list;
385 return result;
386 }
387
388 std::string prefix_text (name, i + 1);
389
390 prefix_text2 = prefix_text.c_str ();
391 elt = lookup_cmd_1 (&prefix_text2, *start_list, NULL, NULL, 1);
392 if (elt == NULL || elt == CMD_LIST_AMBIGUOUS)
393 {
394 PyErr_Format (PyExc_RuntimeError, _("Could not find command prefix %s."),
395 prefix_text.c_str ());
396 xfree (result);
397 return NULL;
398 }
399
400 if (elt->prefixlist)
401 {
402 *base_list = elt->prefixlist;
403 return result;
404 }
405
406 PyErr_Format (PyExc_RuntimeError, _("'%s' is not a prefix command."),
407 prefix_text.c_str ());
408 xfree (result);
409 return NULL;
410 }
411
412 /* Object initializer; sets up gdb-side structures for command.
413
414 Use: __init__(NAME, COMMAND_CLASS [, COMPLETER_CLASS][, PREFIX]]).
415
416 NAME is the name of the command. It may consist of multiple words,
417 in which case the final word is the name of the new command, and
418 earlier words must be prefix commands.
419
420 COMMAND_CLASS is the kind of command. It should be one of the COMMAND_*
421 constants defined in the gdb module.
422
423 COMPLETER_CLASS is the kind of completer. If not given, the
424 "complete" method will be used. Otherwise, it should be one of the
425 COMPLETE_* constants defined in the gdb module.
426
427 If PREFIX is True, then this command is a prefix command.
428
429 The documentation for the command is taken from the doc string for
430 the python class. */
431
432 static int
433 cmdpy_init (PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kw)
434 {
435 cmdpy_object *obj = (cmdpy_object *) self;
436 const char *name;
437 int cmdtype;
438 int completetype = -1;
439 char *docstring = NULL;
440 struct cmd_list_element **cmd_list;
441 char *cmd_name, *pfx_name;
442 static const char *keywords[] = { "name", "command_class", "completer_class",
443 "prefix", NULL };
444 PyObject *is_prefix = NULL;
445 int cmp;
446
447 if (obj->command)
448 {
449 /* Note: this is apparently not documented in Python. We return
450 0 for success, -1 for failure. */
451 PyErr_Format (PyExc_RuntimeError,
452 _("Command object already initialized."));
453 return -1;
454 }
455
456 if (!gdb_PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords (args, kw, "si|iO",
457 keywords, &name, &cmdtype,
458 &completetype, &is_prefix))
459 return -1;
460
461 if (cmdtype != no_class && cmdtype != class_run
462 && cmdtype != class_vars && cmdtype != class_stack
463 && cmdtype != class_files && cmdtype != class_support
464 && cmdtype != class_info && cmdtype != class_breakpoint
465 && cmdtype != class_trace && cmdtype != class_obscure
466 && cmdtype != class_maintenance && cmdtype != class_user
467 && cmdtype != class_tui)
468 {
469 PyErr_Format (PyExc_RuntimeError, _("Invalid command class argument."));
470 return -1;
471 }
472
473 if (completetype < -1 || completetype >= (int) N_COMPLETERS)
474 {
475 PyErr_Format (PyExc_RuntimeError,
476 _("Invalid completion type argument."));
477 return -1;
478 }
479
480 cmd_name = gdbpy_parse_command_name (name, &cmd_list, &cmdlist);
481 if (! cmd_name)
482 return -1;
483
484 pfx_name = NULL;
485 if (is_prefix != NULL)
486 {
487 cmp = PyObject_IsTrue (is_prefix);
488 if (cmp == 1)
489 {
490 int i, out;
491
492 /* Make a normalized form of the command name. */
493 pfx_name = (char *) xmalloc (strlen (name) + 2);
494
495 i = 0;
496 out = 0;
497 while (name[i])
498 {
499 /* Skip whitespace. */
500 while (name[i] == ' ' || name[i] == '\t')
501 ++i;
502 /* Copy non-whitespace characters. */
503 while (name[i] && name[i] != ' ' && name[i] != '\t')
504 pfx_name[out++] = name[i++];
505 /* Add a single space after each word -- including the final
506 word. */
507 pfx_name[out++] = ' ';
508 }
509 pfx_name[out] = '\0';
510 }
511 else if (cmp < 0)
512 {
513 xfree (cmd_name);
514 return -1;
515 }
516 }
517 if (PyObject_HasAttr (self, gdbpy_doc_cst))
518 {
519 gdbpy_ref<> ds_obj (PyObject_GetAttr (self, gdbpy_doc_cst));
520
521 if (ds_obj != NULL && gdbpy_is_string (ds_obj.get ()))
522 {
523 docstring = python_string_to_host_string (ds_obj.get ()).release ();
524 if (docstring == NULL)
525 {
526 xfree (cmd_name);
527 xfree (pfx_name);
528 return -1;
529 }
530 }
531 }
532 if (! docstring)
533 docstring = xstrdup (_("This command is not documented."));
534
535 gdbpy_ref<> self_ref = gdbpy_ref<>::new_reference (self);
536
537 try
538 {
539 struct cmd_list_element *cmd;
540
541 if (pfx_name)
542 {
543 int allow_unknown;
544
545 /* If we have our own "invoke" method, then allow unknown
546 sub-commands. */
547 allow_unknown = PyObject_HasAttr (self, invoke_cst);
548 cmd = add_prefix_cmd (cmd_name, (enum command_class) cmdtype,
549 NULL, docstring, &obj->sub_list,
550 pfx_name, allow_unknown, cmd_list);
551 }
552 else
553 cmd = add_cmd (cmd_name, (enum command_class) cmdtype,
554 docstring, cmd_list);
555
556 /* There appears to be no API to set this. */
557 cmd->func = cmdpy_function;
558 cmd->destroyer = cmdpy_destroyer;
559 cmd->doc_allocated = 1;
560 cmd->name_allocated = 1;
561
562 obj->command = cmd;
563 set_cmd_context (cmd, self_ref.release ());
564 set_cmd_completer (cmd, ((completetype == -1) ? cmdpy_completer
565 : completers[completetype].completer));
566 if (completetype == -1)
567 set_cmd_completer_handle_brkchars (cmd,
568 cmdpy_completer_handle_brkchars);
569 }
570 catch (const gdb_exception &except)
571 {
572 xfree (cmd_name);
573 xfree (docstring);
574 xfree (pfx_name);
575 gdbpy_convert_exception (except);
576 return -1;
577 }
578
579 return 0;
580 }
581
582 \f
583
584 /* Initialize the 'commands' code. */
585
586 int
587 gdbpy_initialize_commands (void)
588 {
589 int i;
590
591 cmdpy_object_type.tp_new = PyType_GenericNew;
592 if (PyType_Ready (&cmdpy_object_type) < 0)
593 return -1;
594
595 /* Note: alias and user are special. */
596 if (PyModule_AddIntConstant (gdb_module, "COMMAND_NONE", no_class) < 0
597 || PyModule_AddIntConstant (gdb_module, "COMMAND_RUNNING", class_run) < 0
598 || PyModule_AddIntConstant (gdb_module, "COMMAND_DATA", class_vars) < 0
599 || PyModule_AddIntConstant (gdb_module, "COMMAND_STACK", class_stack) < 0
600 || PyModule_AddIntConstant (gdb_module, "COMMAND_FILES", class_files) < 0
601 || PyModule_AddIntConstant (gdb_module, "COMMAND_SUPPORT",
602 class_support) < 0
603 || PyModule_AddIntConstant (gdb_module, "COMMAND_STATUS", class_info) < 0
604 || PyModule_AddIntConstant (gdb_module, "COMMAND_BREAKPOINTS",
605 class_breakpoint) < 0
606 || PyModule_AddIntConstant (gdb_module, "COMMAND_TRACEPOINTS",
607 class_trace) < 0
608 || PyModule_AddIntConstant (gdb_module, "COMMAND_OBSCURE",
609 class_obscure) < 0
610 || PyModule_AddIntConstant (gdb_module, "COMMAND_MAINTENANCE",
611 class_maintenance) < 0
612 || PyModule_AddIntConstant (gdb_module, "COMMAND_USER", class_user) < 0
613 || PyModule_AddIntConstant (gdb_module, "COMMAND_TUI", class_tui) < 0)
614 return -1;
615
616 for (i = 0; i < N_COMPLETERS; ++i)
617 {
618 if (PyModule_AddIntConstant (gdb_module, completers[i].name, i) < 0)
619 return -1;
620 }
621
622 if (gdb_pymodule_addobject (gdb_module, "Command",
623 (PyObject *) &cmdpy_object_type) < 0)
624 return -1;
625
626 invoke_cst = PyString_FromString ("invoke");
627 if (invoke_cst == NULL)
628 return -1;
629 complete_cst = PyString_FromString ("complete");
630 if (complete_cst == NULL)
631 return -1;
632
633 return 0;
634 }
635
636 \f
637
638 static PyMethodDef cmdpy_object_methods[] =
639 {
640 { "dont_repeat", cmdpy_dont_repeat, METH_NOARGS,
641 "Prevent command repetition when user enters empty line." },
642
643 { 0 }
644 };
645
646 PyTypeObject cmdpy_object_type =
647 {
648 PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT (NULL, 0)
649 "gdb.Command", /*tp_name*/
650 sizeof (cmdpy_object), /*tp_basicsize*/
651 0, /*tp_itemsize*/
652 0, /*tp_dealloc*/
653 0, /*tp_print*/
654 0, /*tp_getattr*/
655 0, /*tp_setattr*/
656 0, /*tp_compare*/
657 0, /*tp_repr*/
658 0, /*tp_as_number*/
659 0, /*tp_as_sequence*/
660 0, /*tp_as_mapping*/
661 0, /*tp_hash */
662 0, /*tp_call*/
663 0, /*tp_str*/
664 0, /*tp_getattro*/
665 0, /*tp_setattro*/
666 0, /*tp_as_buffer*/
667 Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE, /*tp_flags*/
668 "GDB command object", /* tp_doc */
669 0, /* tp_traverse */
670 0, /* tp_clear */
671 0, /* tp_richcompare */
672 0, /* tp_weaklistoffset */
673 0, /* tp_iter */
674 0, /* tp_iternext */
675 cmdpy_object_methods, /* tp_methods */
676 0, /* tp_members */
677 0, /* tp_getset */
678 0, /* tp_base */
679 0, /* tp_dict */
680 0, /* tp_descr_get */
681 0, /* tp_descr_set */
682 0, /* tp_dictoffset */
683 cmdpy_init, /* tp_init */
684 0, /* tp_alloc */
685 };
686
687 \f
688
689 /* Utility to build a buildargv-like result from ARGS.
690 This intentionally parses arguments the way libiberty/argv.c:buildargv
691 does. It splits up arguments in a reasonable way, and we want a standard
692 way of parsing arguments. Several gdb commands use buildargv to parse their
693 arguments. Plus we want to be able to write compatible python
694 implementations of gdb commands. */
695
696 PyObject *
697 gdbpy_string_to_argv (PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
698 {
699 const char *input;
700
701 if (!PyArg_ParseTuple (args, "s", &input))
702 return NULL;
703
704 gdbpy_ref<> py_argv (PyList_New (0));
705 if (py_argv == NULL)
706 return NULL;
707
708 /* buildargv uses NULL to represent an empty argument list, but we can't use
709 that in Python. Instead, if ARGS is "" then return an empty list.
710 This undoes the NULL -> "" conversion that cmdpy_function does. */
711
712 if (*input != '\0')
713 {
714 gdb_argv c_argv (input);
715
716 for (char *arg : c_argv)
717 {
718 gdbpy_ref<> argp (PyString_FromString (arg));
719
720 if (argp == NULL
721 || PyList_Append (py_argv.get (), argp.get ()) < 0)
722 return NULL;
723 }
724 }
725
726 return py_argv.release ();
727 }