mount: no exit on EPERM, continue without suid

[thirdparty/util-linux.git] / libmount / src / context.c

/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
/*
 * This file is part of libmount from util-linux project.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2010-2018 Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
 *
 * libmount is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 */

/**
 * SECTION: context
 * @title: Library high-level context
 * @short_description: high-level API to mount/umount devices.
 *
 * <informalexample>
 *   <programlisting>
 *      struct libmnt_context *cxt = mnt_new_context();
 *
 *      mnt_context_set_options(cxt, "aaa,bbb,ccc=CCC");
 *      mnt_context_set_mflags(cxt, MS_NOATIME|MS_NOEXEC);
 *      mnt_context_set_target(cxt, "/mnt/foo");
 *
 *      if (!mnt_context_mount(cxt))
 *              printf("successfully mounted\n");
 *      mnt_free_context(cxt);
 *
 *   </programlisting>
 * </informalexample>
 *
 * This code is similar to:
 *
 *   mount -o aaa,bbb,ccc=CCC,noatime,noexec /mnt/foo
 *
 */

#include "mountP.h"
#include "fileutils.h"
#include "strutils.h"
#include "namespace.h"

#include <sys/wait.h>

/**
 * mnt_new_context:
 *
 * Returns: newly allocated mount context
 */
struct libmnt_context *mnt_new_context(void)
{
        struct libmnt_context *cxt;
        uid_t ruid, euid;

        cxt = calloc(1, sizeof(*cxt));
        if (!cxt)
                return NULL;

        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cxt->addmounts);

        ruid = getuid();
        euid = geteuid();

        mnt_context_reset_status(cxt);

        cxt->loopdev_fd = -1;

        cxt->ns_orig.fd = -1;
        cxt->ns_tgt.fd = -1;
        cxt->ns_cur = &cxt->ns_orig;

        /* if we're really root and aren't running setuid */
        cxt->restricted = (uid_t) 0 == ruid && ruid == euid ? 0 : 1;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "----> allocate %s",
                                cxt->restricted ? "[RESTRICTED]" : ""));


        return cxt;
}

/**
 * mnt_free_context:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Deallocates context struct.
 */
void mnt_free_context(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        if (!cxt)
                return;

        mnt_reset_context(cxt);

        free(cxt->fstype_pattern);
        free(cxt->optstr_pattern);
        free(cxt->tgt_prefix);

        mnt_unref_table(cxt->fstab);
        mnt_unref_cache(cxt->cache);
        mnt_unref_fs(cxt->fs);
        mnt_unref_fs(cxt->fs_template);

        mnt_context_clear_loopdev(cxt);
        mnt_free_lock(cxt->lock);
        mnt_free_update(cxt->update);

        mnt_context_set_target_ns(cxt, NULL);

        free(cxt->children);

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "<---- free"));
        free(cxt);
}

/**
 * mnt_reset_context:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Resets all information in the context that is directly related to
 * the latest mount (spec, source, target, mount options, ...).
 *
 * The match patterns, target namespace, prefix, cached fstab, cached canonicalized
 * paths and tags and [e]uid are not reset. You have to use
 *
 *      mnt_context_set_fstab(cxt, NULL);
 *      mnt_context_set_cache(cxt, NULL);
 *      mnt_context_set_fstype_pattern(cxt, NULL);
 *      mnt_context_set_options_pattern(cxt, NULL);
 *      mnt_context_set_target_ns(cxt, NULL);
 *
 *
 * to reset this stuff.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_reset_context(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        int fl;

        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "<---- reset [status=%d] ---->",
                                mnt_context_get_status(cxt)));

        fl = cxt->flags;

        mnt_unref_fs(cxt->fs);
        mnt_unref_table(cxt->mtab);
        mnt_unref_table(cxt->utab);

        free(cxt->helper);
        free(cxt->orig_user);

        cxt->fs = NULL;
        cxt->mtab = NULL;
        cxt->utab = NULL;
        cxt->helper = NULL;
        cxt->orig_user = NULL;
        cxt->mountflags = 0;
        cxt->user_mountflags = 0;
        cxt->mountdata = NULL;
        cxt->flags = MNT_FL_DEFAULT;

        /* free additional mounts list */
        while (!list_empty(&cxt->addmounts)) {
                struct libmnt_addmount *ad = list_entry(cxt->addmounts.next,
                                                  struct libmnt_addmount,
                                                  mounts);
                mnt_free_addmount(ad);
        }

        mnt_context_reset_status(cxt);

        if (cxt->table_fltrcb)
                mnt_context_set_tabfilter(cxt, NULL, NULL);

        /* restore non-resettable flags */
        cxt->flags |= (fl & MNT_FL_NOMTAB);
        cxt->flags |= (fl & MNT_FL_FAKE);
        cxt->flags |= (fl & MNT_FL_SLOPPY);
        cxt->flags |= (fl & MNT_FL_VERBOSE);
        cxt->flags |= (fl & MNT_FL_NOHELPERS);
        cxt->flags |= (fl & MNT_FL_LOOPDEL);
        cxt->flags |= (fl & MNT_FL_LAZY);
        cxt->flags |= (fl & MNT_FL_FORK);
        cxt->flags |= (fl & MNT_FL_FORCE);
        cxt->flags |= (fl & MNT_FL_NOCANONICALIZE);
        cxt->flags |= (fl & MNT_FL_RDONLY_UMOUNT);
        cxt->flags |= (fl & MNT_FL_RWONLY_MOUNT);
        cxt->flags |= (fl & MNT_FL_NOSWAPMATCH);
        cxt->flags |= (fl & MNT_FL_TABPATHS_CHECKED);

        mnt_context_apply_template(cxt);

        return 0;
}

/*
 * Saves the current context FS setting (mount options, etc) to make it usable after
 * mnt_reset_context() or by mnt_context_apply_template(). This is usable for
 * example for mnt_context_next_mount() where for the next mount operation we
 * need to restore to the original context setting.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_save_template(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        struct libmnt_fs *fs = NULL;

        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "save FS as template"));

        if (cxt->fs) {
                fs = mnt_copy_fs(NULL, cxt->fs);
                if (!fs)
                        return -ENOMEM;
        }

        mnt_unref_fs(cxt->fs_template);
        cxt->fs_template = fs;

        return 0;
}

/*
 * Restores context FS setting from previously saved template (see
 * mnt_context_save_template()).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_apply_template(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        struct libmnt_fs *fs = NULL;
        int rc = 0;

        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        if (cxt->fs_template) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "copy FS from template"));
                fs = mnt_copy_fs(NULL, cxt->fs_template);
                if (!fs)
                        return -ENOMEM;
                rc = mnt_context_set_fs(cxt, fs);
                mnt_unref_fs(fs);
        } else {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "no FS template, reset only"));
                mnt_unref_fs(cxt->fs);
                cxt->fs = NULL;
        }

        return rc;
}

int mnt_context_has_template(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt && cxt->fs_template ? 1 : 0;
}

struct libmnt_context *mnt_copy_context(struct libmnt_context *o)
{
        struct libmnt_context *n;

        n = mnt_new_context();
        if (!n)
                return NULL;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(n, "<---- clone ---->"));

        n->flags = o->flags;

        if (o->fs) {
                n->fs = mnt_copy_fs(NULL, o->fs);
                if (!n->fs)
                        goto failed;
        }

        n->mtab = o->mtab;
        mnt_ref_table(n->mtab);

        n->mtab = o->utab;
        mnt_ref_table(n->utab);

        if (strdup_between_structs(n, o, tgt_prefix))
                goto failed;
        if (strdup_between_structs(n, o, helper))
                goto failed;
        if (strdup_between_structs(n, o, orig_user))
                goto failed;

        n->mountflags = o->mountflags;
        n->mountdata = o->mountdata;

        mnt_context_reset_status(n);

        n->table_fltrcb = o->table_fltrcb;
        n->table_fltrcb_data = o->table_fltrcb_data;

        return n;
failed:
        mnt_free_context(n);
        return NULL;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_reset_status:
 * @cxt: context
 *
 * Resets mount(2) and mount.type statuses, so mnt_context_do_mount() or
 * mnt_context_do_umount() could be again called with the same settings.
 *
 * BE CAREFUL -- after this soft reset the libmount will NOT parse mount
 * options, evaluate permissions or apply stuff from fstab.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_reset_status(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        cxt->syscall_status = 1;                /* means not called yet */
        cxt->helper_exec_status = 1;
        cxt->helper_status = 0;
        return 0;
}

static int context_init_paths(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int writable)
{
        struct libmnt_ns *ns_old;

        assert(cxt);

#ifdef USE_LIBMOUNT_SUPPORT_MTAB
        if (!cxt->mtab_path) {
                cxt->mtab_path = mnt_get_mtab_path();
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "mtab path initialized to: %s", cxt->mtab_path));
        }
#endif
        if (!cxt->utab_path) {
                cxt->utab_path = mnt_get_utab_path();
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "utab path initialized to: %s", cxt->utab_path));
        }

        if (!writable)
                return 0;               /* only paths wanted */
        if (mnt_context_is_nomtab(cxt))
                return 0;               /* write mode overridden by mount -n */
        if (cxt->flags & MNT_FL_TABPATHS_CHECKED)
                return 0;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "checking for writable tab files"));

        cxt->mtab_writable = 0;

        ns_old = mnt_context_switch_target_ns(cxt);
        if (!ns_old)
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

#ifdef USE_LIBMOUNT_SUPPORT_MTAB
        mnt_has_regular_mtab(&cxt->mtab_path, &cxt->mtab_writable);
        if (!cxt->mtab_writable)
#endif
                /* use /run/mount/utab if /etc/mtab is useless */
                mnt_has_regular_utab(&cxt->utab_path, &cxt->utab_writable);

        if (!mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old))
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        cxt->flags |= MNT_FL_TABPATHS_CHECKED;
        return 0;
}

int mnt_context_mtab_writable(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        assert(cxt);

        context_init_paths(cxt, 1);
        return cxt->mtab_writable == 1;
}

int mnt_context_utab_writable(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        assert(cxt);

        context_init_paths(cxt, 1);
        return cxt->utab_writable == 1;
}

const char *mnt_context_get_writable_tabpath(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        assert(cxt);

        context_init_paths(cxt, 1);
        return cxt->mtab_writable ? cxt->mtab_path : cxt->utab_path;
}


static int set_flag(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int flag, int enable)
{
        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;
        if (enable) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "enabling flag %04x", flag));
                cxt->flags |= flag;
        } else {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "disabling flag %04x", flag));
                cxt->flags &= ~flag;
        }
        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_restricted:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 0 for an unrestricted mount (user is root), or 1 for non-root mounts
 */
int mnt_context_is_restricted(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->restricted;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_force_unrestricted:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * This function is DANGEROURS as it disables all security policies in libmount.
 * Don't use if not sure. It removes "restricted" flag from the context, so
 * libmount will use the current context as for root user.
 *
 * This function is designed for case you have no any suid permissions, so you
 * can depend on kernel.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 *
 * Since: 2.35
 */
int mnt_context_force_unrestricted(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        if (mnt_context_is_restricted(cxt)) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "force UNRESTRICTED"));
                cxt->restricted = 0;
        }

        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_optsmode
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @mode: MNT_OMODE_* flags
 *
 * Controls how to use mount optionssource and target paths from fstab/mtab.
 *
 * @MNT_OMODE_IGNORE: ignore mtab/fstab options
 *
 * @MNT_OMODE_APPEND: append mtab/fstab options to existing options
 *
 * @MNT_OMODE_PREPEND: prepend mtab/fstab options to existing options
 *
 * @MNT_OMODE_REPLACE: replace existing options with options from mtab/fstab
 *
 * @MNT_OMODE_FORCE: always read mtab/fstab (although source and target are defined)
 *
 * @MNT_OMODE_FSTAB: read from fstab
 *
 * @MNT_OMODE_MTAB: read from mtab if fstab not enabled or failed
 *
 * @MNT_OMODE_NOTAB: do not read fstab/mtab at all
 *
 * @MNT_OMODE_AUTO: default mode (MNT_OMODE_PREPEND | MNT_OMODE_FSTAB | MNT_OMODE_MTAB)
 *
 * @MNT_OMODE_USER: default for non-root users (MNT_OMODE_REPLACE | MNT_OMODE_FORCE | MNT_OMODE_FSTAB)
 *
 * Notes:
 *
 * - MNT_OMODE_USER is always used if mount context is in restricted mode
 * - MNT_OMODE_AUTO is used if nothing else is defined
 * - the flags are evaluated in this order: MNT_OMODE_NOTAB, MNT_OMODE_FORCE,
 *   MNT_OMODE_FSTAB, MNT_OMODE_MTAB and then the mount options from fstab/mtab
 *   are set according to MNT_OMODE_{IGNORE,APPEND,PREPAND,REPLACE}
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_optsmode(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int mode)
{
        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;
        cxt->optsmode = mode;
        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_optsmode
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: MNT_OMODE_* mask or zero.
 */

int mnt_context_get_optsmode(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->optsmode;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_disable_canonicalize:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @disable: TRUE or FALSE
 *
 * Enable/disable paths canonicalization and tags evaluation. The libmount context
 * canonicalizes paths when searching in fstab and when preparing source and target paths
 * for mount(2) syscall.
 *
 * This function has an effect on the private (within context) fstab instance only
 * (see mnt_context_set_fstab()). If you want to use an external fstab then you
 * need to manage your private struct libmnt_cache (see mnt_table_set_cache(fstab,
 * NULL).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_disable_canonicalize(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int disable)
{
        return set_flag(cxt, MNT_FL_NOCANONICALIZE, disable);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_nocanonicalize:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 1 if no-canonicalize mode is enabled or 0.
 */
int mnt_context_is_nocanonicalize(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_NOCANONICALIZE ? 1 : 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_enable_lazy:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @enable: TRUE or FALSE
 *
 * Enable/disable lazy umount (see umount(8) man page, option -l).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_enable_lazy(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int enable)
{
        return set_flag(cxt, MNT_FL_LAZY, enable);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_lazy:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 1 if lazy umount is enabled or 0
 */
int mnt_context_is_lazy(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_LAZY ? 1 : 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_enable_fork:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @enable: TRUE or FALSE
 *
 * Enable/disable fork(2) call in mnt_context_next_mount() (see mount(8) man
 * page, option -F).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_enable_fork(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int enable)
{
        return set_flag(cxt, MNT_FL_FORK, enable);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_fork:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 1 if fork (mount -F) is enabled or 0
 */
int mnt_context_is_fork(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_FORK ? 1 : 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_parent:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Return: 1 if mount -F enabled and the current context is parent, or 0
 */
int mnt_context_is_parent(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return mnt_context_is_fork(cxt) && cxt->pid == 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_child:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Return: 1 f the current context is child, or 0
 */
int mnt_context_is_child(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        /* See mnt_fork_context(), the for fork flag is always disabled
         * for children to avoid recursive forking.
         */
        return !mnt_context_is_fork(cxt) && cxt->pid;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_enable_rdonly_umount:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @enable: TRUE or FALSE
 *
 * Enable/disable read-only remount on failed umount(2)
 * (see umount(8) man page, option -r).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_enable_rdonly_umount(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int enable)
{
        return set_flag(cxt, MNT_FL_RDONLY_UMOUNT, enable);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_rdonly_umount
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * See also mnt_context_enable_rdonly_umount() and umount(8) man page,
 * option -r.
 *
 * Returns: 1 if read-only remount failed umount(2) is enables or 0
 */
int mnt_context_is_rdonly_umount(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_RDONLY_UMOUNT ? 1 : 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_enable_rwonly_mount:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @enable: TRUE or FALSE
 *
 * Force read-write mount; if enabled libmount will never try MS_RDONLY
 * after failed mount(2) EROFS. (See mount(8) man page, option -w).
 *
 * Since: 2.30
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_enable_rwonly_mount(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int enable)
{
        return set_flag(cxt, MNT_FL_RWONLY_MOUNT, enable);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_rwonly_mount
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * See also mnt_context_enable_rwonly_mount() and mount(8) man page,
 * option -w.
 *
 * Since: 2.30
 *
 * Returns: 1 if only read-write mount is allowed.
 */
int mnt_context_is_rwonly_mount(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_RWONLY_MOUNT ? 1 : 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_forced_rdonly:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * See also mnt_context_enable_rwonly_mount().
 *
 * Since: 2.30
 *
 * Returns: 1 if mounted read-only on write-protected device.
 */
int mnt_context_forced_rdonly(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_FORCED_RDONLY ? 1 : 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_disable_helpers:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @disable: TRUE or FALSE
 *
 * Enable/disable /sbin/[u]mount.* helpers (see mount(8) man page, option -i).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_disable_helpers(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int disable)
{
        return set_flag(cxt, MNT_FL_NOHELPERS, disable);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_nohelpers
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 1 if helpers are disabled (mount -i) or 0
 */
int mnt_context_is_nohelpers(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_NOHELPERS ? 1 : 0;
}


/**
 * mnt_context_enable_sloppy:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @enable: TRUE or FALSE
 *
 * Set/unset sloppy mounting (see mount(8) man page, option -s).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_enable_sloppy(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int enable)
{
        return set_flag(cxt, MNT_FL_SLOPPY, enable);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_sloppy:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 1 if sloppy flag is enabled or 0
 */
int mnt_context_is_sloppy(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_SLOPPY ? 1 : 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_enable_fake:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @enable: TRUE or FALSE
 *
 * Enable/disable fake mounting (see mount(8) man page, option -f).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_enable_fake(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int enable)
{
        return set_flag(cxt, MNT_FL_FAKE, enable);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_fake:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 1 if fake flag is enabled or 0
 */
int mnt_context_is_fake(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_FAKE ? 1 : 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_disable_mtab:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @disable: TRUE or FALSE
 *
 * Disable/enable mtab update (see mount(8) man page, option -n).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_disable_mtab(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int disable)
{
        return set_flag(cxt, MNT_FL_NOMTAB, disable);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_nomtab:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 1 if no-mtab is enabled or 0
 */
int mnt_context_is_nomtab(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_NOMTAB ? 1 : 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_disable_swapmatch:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @disable: TRUE or FALSE
 *
 * Disable/enable swap between source and target for mount(8) if only one path
 * is specified.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_disable_swapmatch(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int disable)
{
        return set_flag(cxt, MNT_FL_NOSWAPMATCH, disable);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_swapmatch:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 1 if swap between source and target is allowed (default is 1) or 0.
 */
int mnt_context_is_swapmatch(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_NOSWAPMATCH ? 0 : 1;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_enable_force:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @enable: TRUE or FALSE
 *
 * Enable/disable force umounting (see umount(8) man page, option -f).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_enable_force(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int enable)
{
        return set_flag(cxt, MNT_FL_FORCE, enable);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_force
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 1 if force umounting flag is enabled or 0
 */
int mnt_context_is_force(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_FORCE ? 1 : 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_enable_verbose:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @enable: TRUE or FALSE
 *
 * Enable/disable verbose output (TODO: not implemented yet)
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_enable_verbose(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int enable)
{
        return set_flag(cxt, MNT_FL_VERBOSE, enable);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_verbose
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 1 if verbose flag is enabled or 0
 */
int mnt_context_is_verbose(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_VERBOSE ? 1 : 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_enable_loopdel:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @enable: TRUE or FALSE
 *
 * Enable/disable the loop delete (destroy) after umount (see umount(8), option -d)
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_enable_loopdel(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int enable)
{
        return set_flag(cxt, MNT_FL_LOOPDEL, enable);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_loopdel:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 1 if loop device should be deleted after umount (umount -d) or 0.
 */
int mnt_context_is_loopdel(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_LOOPDEL ? 1 : 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_fs:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @fs: filesystem description
 *
 * The mount context uses private @fs by default. This function allows to
 * overwrite the private @fs with an external instance. This function
 * increments @fs reference counter (and decrement reference counter of the
 * old fs).
 *
 * The @fs will be modified by mnt_context_set_{source,target,options,fstype}
 * functions, If the @fs is NULL, then all current FS specific settings (source,
 * target, etc., exclude spec) are reset.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_fs(struct libmnt_context *cxt, struct libmnt_fs *fs)
{
        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "setting new FS"));
        mnt_ref_fs(fs);                 /* new */
        mnt_unref_fs(cxt->fs);          /* old */
        cxt->fs = fs;
        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_fs:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * The FS contains the basic description of mountpoint, fs type and so on.
 * Note that the FS is modified by mnt_context_set_{source,target,options,fstype}
 * functions.
 *
 * Returns: pointer to FS description or NULL in case of a calloc() error.
 */
struct libmnt_fs *mnt_context_get_fs(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        if (!cxt)
                return NULL;
        if (!cxt->fs)
                cxt->fs = mnt_new_fs();
        return cxt->fs;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_fs_userdata:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: pointer to userdata or NULL.
 */
void *mnt_context_get_fs_userdata(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->fs ? mnt_fs_get_userdata(cxt->fs) : NULL;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_fstab_userdata:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: pointer to userdata or NULL.
 */
void *mnt_context_get_fstab_userdata(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->fstab ? mnt_table_get_userdata(cxt->fstab) : NULL;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_mtab_userdata:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: pointer to userdata or NULL.
 */
void *mnt_context_get_mtab_userdata(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->mtab ? mnt_table_get_userdata(cxt->mtab) : NULL;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_source:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @source: mount source (device, directory, UUID, LABEL, ...)
 *
 * Note that libmount does not interpret "nofail" (MNT_MS_NOFAIL)
 * mount option. The real return code is always returned, when
 * the device does not exist then it's usually MNT_ERR_NOSOURCE
 * from libmount or ENOENT, ENOTDIR, ENOTBLK, ENXIO from mount(2).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_source(struct libmnt_context *cxt, const char *source)
{
        return mnt_fs_set_source(mnt_context_get_fs(cxt), source);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_source:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: returns pointer or NULL in case of error or if not set.
 */
const char *mnt_context_get_source(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return mnt_fs_get_source(mnt_context_get_fs(cxt));
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_target:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @target: mountpoint
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_target(struct libmnt_context *cxt, const char *target)
{
        return mnt_fs_set_target(mnt_context_get_fs(cxt), target);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_target:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: returns pointer or NULL in case of error or if not set.
 */
const char *mnt_context_get_target(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return mnt_fs_get_target(mnt_context_get_fs(cxt));
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_target_prefix:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @path: mountpoint prefix
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_target_prefix(struct libmnt_context *cxt, const char *path)
{
        char *p = NULL;

        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;
        if (path) {
                p = strdup(path);
                if (!p)
                        return -ENOMEM;
        }
        free(cxt->tgt_prefix);
        cxt->tgt_prefix = p;

        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_target_prefix:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: returns pointer or NULL in case of error or if not set.
 */
const char *mnt_context_get_target_prefix(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt ? cxt->tgt_prefix : NULL;
}


/**
 * mnt_context_set_fstype:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @fstype: filesystem type
 *
 * Note that the @fstype has to be a FS type. For patterns with
 * comma-separated list of filesystems or for the "nofs" notation, use
 * mnt_context_set_fstype_pattern().
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_fstype(struct libmnt_context *cxt, const char *fstype)
{
        return mnt_fs_set_fstype(mnt_context_get_fs(cxt), fstype);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_fstype:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: pointer or NULL in case of error or if not set.
 */
const char *mnt_context_get_fstype(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return mnt_fs_get_fstype(mnt_context_get_fs(cxt));
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_options:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @optstr: comma delimited mount options
 *
 * Note that that MS_MOVE cannot be specified as "string". It's operation that
 * is no supported in fstab (etc.)
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_options(struct libmnt_context *cxt, const char *optstr)
{
        return mnt_fs_set_options(mnt_context_get_fs(cxt), optstr);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_append_options:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @optstr: comma delimited mount options
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_append_options(struct libmnt_context *cxt, const char *optstr)
{
        return mnt_fs_append_options(mnt_context_get_fs(cxt), optstr);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_options:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * This function returns mount options set by mnt_context_set_options() or
 * mnt_context_append_options().
 *
 * Note that *after* mnt_context_prepare_mount(), the mount options string
 * may also include options set by mnt_context_set_mflags() or other options
 * generated by this library.
 *
 * Returns: pointer or NULL
 */
const char *mnt_context_get_options(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return mnt_fs_get_options(mnt_context_get_fs(cxt));
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_fstype_pattern:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @pattern: FS name pattern (or NULL to reset the current setting)
 *
 * See mount(8), option -t.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_fstype_pattern(struct libmnt_context *cxt, const char *pattern)
{
        char *p = NULL;

        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;
        if (pattern) {
                p = strdup(pattern);
                if (!p)
                        return -ENOMEM;
        }
        free(cxt->fstype_pattern);
        cxt->fstype_pattern = p;
        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_options_pattern:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @pattern: options pattern (or NULL to reset the current setting)
 *
 * See mount(8), option -O.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_options_pattern(struct libmnt_context *cxt, const char *pattern)
{
        char *p = NULL;

        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;
        if (pattern) {
                p = strdup(pattern);
                if (!p)
                        return -ENOMEM;
        }
        free(cxt->optstr_pattern);
        cxt->optstr_pattern = p;
        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_fstab:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @tb: fstab
 *
 * The mount context reads /etc/fstab to the private struct libmnt_table by default.
 * This function allows to overwrite the private fstab with an external
 * instance.
 *
 * This function modify the @tb reference counter. This function does not set
 * the cache for the @tb. You have to explicitly call mnt_table_set_cache(tb,
 * mnt_context_get_cache(cxt));
 *
 * The fstab is used read-only and is not modified, it should be possible to
 * share the fstab between more mount contexts (TODO: test it.)
 *
 * If the @tb argument is NULL, then the current private fstab instance is
 * reset.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_fstab(struct libmnt_context *cxt, struct libmnt_table *tb)
{
        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        mnt_ref_table(tb);              /* new */
        mnt_unref_table(cxt->fstab);    /* old */

        cxt->fstab = tb;
        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_fstab:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @tb: returns fstab
 *
 * See also mnt_table_parse_fstab() for more details about fstab.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_get_fstab(struct libmnt_context *cxt, struct libmnt_table **tb)
{
        struct libmnt_ns *ns_old;

        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;
        if (!cxt->fstab) {
                int rc;

                cxt->fstab = mnt_new_table();
                if (!cxt->fstab)
                        return -ENOMEM;
                if (cxt->table_errcb)
                        mnt_table_set_parser_errcb(cxt->fstab, cxt->table_errcb);

                ns_old = mnt_context_switch_target_ns(cxt);
                if (!ns_old)
                        return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

                mnt_table_set_cache(cxt->fstab, mnt_context_get_cache(cxt));
                rc = mnt_table_parse_fstab(cxt->fstab, NULL);

                if (!mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old))
                        return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

                if (rc)
                        return rc;
        }

        if (tb)
                *tb = cxt->fstab;
        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_mtab:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @tb: returns mtab
 *
 * See also mnt_table_parse_mtab() for more details about mtab/mountinfo. The
 * result will be deallocated by mnt_free_context(@cxt).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_get_mtab(struct libmnt_context *cxt, struct libmnt_table **tb)
{
        int rc = 0;
        struct libmnt_ns *ns_old = NULL;

        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;
        if (!cxt->mtab) {
                ns_old = mnt_context_switch_target_ns(cxt);
                if (!ns_old)
                        return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

                context_init_paths(cxt, 0);

                cxt->mtab = mnt_new_table();
                if (!cxt->mtab) {
                        rc = -ENOMEM;
                        goto end;
                }

                if (cxt->table_errcb)
                        mnt_table_set_parser_errcb(cxt->mtab, cxt->table_errcb);
                if (cxt->table_fltrcb)
                        mnt_table_set_parser_fltrcb(cxt->mtab,
                                        cxt->table_fltrcb,
                                        cxt->table_fltrcb_data);

                mnt_table_set_cache(cxt->mtab, mnt_context_get_cache(cxt));

                /*
                 * Note that mtab_path is NULL if mtab is useless or unsupported
                 */
                if (cxt->utab)
                        /* utab already parsed, don't parse it again */
                        rc = __mnt_table_parse_mtab(cxt->mtab,
                                                    cxt->mtab_path, cxt->utab);
                else
                        rc = mnt_table_parse_mtab(cxt->mtab, cxt->mtab_path);
                if (rc)
                        goto end;
        }

        if (tb)
                *tb = cxt->mtab;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "mtab requested [nents=%d]",
                                mnt_table_get_nents(cxt->mtab)));

end:
        if (ns_old && !mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old))
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        return rc;
}

/*
 * Called by mtab parser to filter out entries, non-zero means that
 * an entry has to be filtered out.
 */
static int mtab_filter(struct libmnt_fs *fs, void *data)
{
        if (!fs || !data)
                return 0;
        if (mnt_fs_streq_target(fs, data))
                return 0;
        if (mnt_fs_streq_srcpath(fs, data))
                return 0;
        return 1;
}

/*
 * The same like mnt_context_get_mtab(), but does not read all mountinfo/mtab
 * file, but only entries relevant for @tgt.
 */
int mnt_context_get_mtab_for_target(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
                                    struct libmnt_table **mtab,
                                    const char *tgt)
{
        struct stat st;
        struct libmnt_cache *cache = NULL;
        char *cn_tgt = NULL;
        int rc;
        struct libmnt_ns *ns_old;

        ns_old = mnt_context_switch_target_ns(cxt);
        if (!ns_old)
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        if (mnt_context_is_nocanonicalize(cxt))
                mnt_context_set_tabfilter(cxt, mtab_filter, (void *) tgt);

        else if (mnt_stat_mountpoint(tgt, &st) == 0 && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
                cache = mnt_context_get_cache(cxt);
                cn_tgt = mnt_resolve_path(tgt, cache);
                if (cn_tgt)
                        mnt_context_set_tabfilter(cxt, mtab_filter, cn_tgt);
        }

        rc = mnt_context_get_mtab(cxt, mtab);
        mnt_context_set_tabfilter(cxt, NULL, NULL);

        if (!mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old))
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        if (cn_tgt && !cache)
                free(cn_tgt);

        return rc;
}

/*
 * Allows to specify a filter for tab file entries. The filter is called by
 * the table parser. Currently used for mtab and utab only.
 */
int mnt_context_set_tabfilter(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
                              int (*fltr)(struct libmnt_fs *, void *),
                              void *data)
{
        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        cxt->table_fltrcb = fltr;
        cxt->table_fltrcb_data = data;

        if (cxt->mtab)
                mnt_table_set_parser_fltrcb(cxt->mtab,
                                cxt->table_fltrcb,
                                cxt->table_fltrcb_data);

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "tabfilter %s", fltr ? "ENABLED!" : "disabled"));
        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_table:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @filename: e.g. /proc/self/mountinfo
 * @tb: returns the table
 *
 * This function allocates a new table and parses the @file. The parser error
 * callback and cache for tags and paths is set according to the @cxt setting.
 * See also mnt_table_parse_file().
 *
 * It's strongly recommended to use the mnt_context_get_mtab() and
 * mnt_context_get_fstab() functions for mtab and fstab files. This function
 * does not care about LIBMOUNT_* env.variables and does not merge userspace
 * options.
 *
 * The result will NOT be deallocated by mnt_free_context(@cxt).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_get_table(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
                          const char *filename, struct libmnt_table **tb)
{
        int rc;
        struct libmnt_ns *ns_old;

        if (!cxt || !tb)
                return -EINVAL;

        *tb = mnt_new_table();
        if (!*tb)
                return -ENOMEM;

        if (cxt->table_errcb)
                mnt_table_set_parser_errcb(*tb, cxt->table_errcb);

        ns_old = mnt_context_switch_target_ns(cxt);
        if (!ns_old)
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        rc = mnt_table_parse_file(*tb, filename);

        if (rc) {
                mnt_unref_table(*tb);
                goto end;
        }

        mnt_table_set_cache(*tb, mnt_context_get_cache(cxt));

end:
        if (!mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old))
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        return rc;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_tables_errcb
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @cb: pointer to callback function
 *
 * The error callback is used for all tab files (e.g. mtab, fstab)
 * parsed within the context.
 *
 * See also mnt_context_get_mtab(),
 *          mnt_context_get_fstab(),
 *          mnt_table_set_parser_errcb().
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_tables_errcb(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
        int (*cb)(struct libmnt_table *tb, const char *filename, int line))
{
        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        if (cxt->mtab)
                mnt_table_set_parser_errcb(cxt->mtab, cb);
        if (cxt->fstab)
                mnt_table_set_parser_errcb(cxt->fstab, cb);

        cxt->table_errcb = cb;
        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_cache:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @cache: cache instance or NULL
 *
 * The mount context maintains a private struct libmnt_cache by default. This
 * function allows to overwrite the private cache with an external instance.
 * This function increments cache reference counter.
 *
 * If the @cache argument is NULL, then the current cache instance is reset.
 * This function apply the cache to fstab and mtab instances (if already
 * exists).
 *
 * The old cache instance reference counter is de-incremented.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_cache(struct libmnt_context *cxt, struct libmnt_cache *cache)
{
        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        mnt_ref_cache(cache);                   /* new */
        mnt_unref_cache(cxt->cache);            /* old */

        cxt->cache = cache;

        if (cxt->mtab)
                mnt_table_set_cache(cxt->mtab, cache);
        if (cxt->fstab)
                mnt_table_set_cache(cxt->fstab, cache);

        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_cache
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * See also mnt_context_set_cache().
 *
 * Returns: pointer to cache or NULL if canonicalization is disabled.
 */
struct libmnt_cache *mnt_context_get_cache(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        if (!cxt || mnt_context_is_nocanonicalize(cxt))
                return NULL;

        if (!cxt->cache) {
                struct libmnt_cache *cache = mnt_new_cache();
                mnt_context_set_cache(cxt, cache);
                mnt_unref_cache(cache);
        }
        return cxt->cache;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_passwd_cb:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @get: callback to get password
 * @release: callback to release (deallocate) password
 *
 * Sets callbacks for encryption password (e.g encrypted loopdev). This
 * function is deprecated (encrypted loops are no longer supported).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_passwd_cb(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
                              char *(*get)(struct libmnt_context *),
                              void (*release)(struct libmnt_context *, char *))
{
        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;
        cxt->pwd_get_cb = get;
        cxt->pwd_release_cb = release;
        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_lock:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * The libmount applications don't have to care about mtab locking, but with a
 * small exception: the application has to be able to remove the lock file when
 * interrupted by signal or signals have to be ignored when the lock is locked.
 *
 * The default behavior is to ignore all signals (except SIGALRM and
 * SIGTRAP for mtab update) when the lock is locked. If this behavior
 * is unacceptable, then use:
 *
 *      lc = mnt_context_get_lock(cxt);
 *      if (lc)
 *              mnt_lock_block_signals(lc, FALSE);
 *
 * and don't forget to call mnt_unlock_file(lc) before exit.
 *
 * Returns: pointer to lock struct or NULL.
 */
struct libmnt_lock *mnt_context_get_lock(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        /*
         * DON'T call this function within libmount, it will always allocate
         * the lock. The mnt_update_* functions are able to allocate the lock
         * only when mtab/utab update is really necessary.
         */
        if (!cxt || mnt_context_is_nomtab(cxt))
                return NULL;

        if (!cxt->lock) {
                cxt->lock = mnt_new_lock(
                                mnt_context_get_writable_tabpath(cxt), 0);
                if (cxt->lock)
                        mnt_lock_block_signals(cxt->lock, TRUE);
        }
        return cxt->lock;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_mflags:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @flags: mount(2) flags (MS_* flags)
 *
 * Sets mount flags (see mount(2) man page).
 *
 * Note that mount context allows to define mount options by mount flags. It
 * means you can for example use
 *
 *      mnt_context_set_mflags(cxt, MS_NOEXEC | MS_NOSUID);
 *
 * rather than
 *
 *      mnt_context_set_options(cxt, "noexec,nosuid");
 *
 * both of these calls have the same effect.
 *
 * Be careful if you want to use MS_REC flag -- in this case the bit is applied
 * to all bind/slave/etc. options. If you want to mix more propadation flags
 * and/or bind operations than it's better to specify mount options by
 * strings.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_mflags(struct libmnt_context *cxt, unsigned long flags)
{
        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        cxt->mountflags = flags;

        if ((cxt->flags & MNT_FL_MOUNTOPTS_FIXED) && cxt->fs)
                /*
                 * the final mount options are already generated, refresh...
                 */
                return mnt_optstr_apply_flags(
                                &cxt->fs->vfs_optstr,
                                cxt->mountflags,
                                mnt_get_builtin_optmap(MNT_LINUX_MAP));

        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_mflags:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @flags: returns MS_* mount flags
 *
 * Converts mount options string to MS_* flags and bitwise-OR the result with
 * the already defined flags (see mnt_context_set_mflags()).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_get_mflags(struct libmnt_context *cxt, unsigned long *flags)
{
        int rc = 0;
        struct list_head *p;

        if (!cxt || !flags)
                return -EINVAL;

        *flags = 0;
        if (!(cxt->flags & MNT_FL_MOUNTFLAGS_MERGED) && cxt->fs) {
                const char *o = mnt_fs_get_options(cxt->fs);
                if (o)
                        rc = mnt_optstr_get_flags(o, flags,
                                    mnt_get_builtin_optmap(MNT_LINUX_MAP));
        }

        list_for_each(p, &cxt->addmounts) {
                struct libmnt_addmount *ad =
                                list_entry(p, struct libmnt_addmount, mounts);

                *flags |= ad->mountflags;
        }

        if (!rc)
                *flags |= cxt->mountflags;
        return rc;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_user_mflags:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @flags: mount(2) flags (MNT_MS_* flags, e.g. MNT_MS_LOOP)
 *
 * Sets userspace mount flags.
 *
 * See also notes for mnt_context_set_mflags().
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_user_mflags(struct libmnt_context *cxt, unsigned long flags)
{
        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;
        cxt->user_mountflags = flags;
        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_user_mflags:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @flags: returns mount flags
 *
 * Converts mount options string to MNT_MS_* flags and bitwise-OR the result
 * with the already defined flags (see mnt_context_set_user_mflags()).
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_get_user_mflags(struct libmnt_context *cxt, unsigned long *flags)
{
        int rc = 0;

        if (!cxt || !flags)
                return -EINVAL;

        *flags = 0;
        if (!(cxt->flags & MNT_FL_MOUNTFLAGS_MERGED) && cxt->fs) {
                const char *o = mnt_fs_get_user_options(cxt->fs);
                if (o)
                        rc = mnt_optstr_get_flags(o, flags,
                                mnt_get_builtin_optmap(MNT_USERSPACE_MAP));
        }
        if (!rc)
                *flags |= cxt->user_mountflags;
        return rc;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_mountdata:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @data: mount(2) data
 *
 * The mount context generates mountdata from mount options by default. This
 * function allows to overwrite this behavior, and @data will be used instead
 * of mount options.
 *
 * The libmount does not deallocate the data by mnt_free_context(). Note that
 * NULL is also valid mount data.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_mountdata(struct libmnt_context *cxt, void *data)
{
        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;
        cxt->mountdata = data;
        cxt->flags |= MNT_FL_MOUNTDATA;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Translates LABEL/UUID/path to mountable path
 */
int mnt_context_prepare_srcpath(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        const char *path = NULL;
        struct libmnt_cache *cache;
        const char *t, *v, *src;
        int rc = 0;
        struct libmnt_ns *ns_old;

        assert(cxt);
        assert(cxt->fs);
        assert((cxt->flags & MNT_FL_MOUNTFLAGS_MERGED));

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "preparing source path"));

        src = mnt_fs_get_source(cxt->fs);

        if (!src && mnt_context_propagation_only(cxt))
                /* mount --make-{shared,private,...} */
                return mnt_fs_set_source(cxt->fs, "none");

        /* ignore filesystems without source or filesystems
         * where the source is a quasi-path (//foo/bar)
         */
        if (!src || mnt_fs_is_netfs(cxt->fs))
                return 0;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "srcpath '%s'", src));

        ns_old = mnt_context_switch_target_ns(cxt);
        if (!ns_old)
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        cache = mnt_context_get_cache(cxt);

        if (!mnt_fs_get_tag(cxt->fs, &t, &v)) {
                /*
                 * Source is TAG (evaluate)
                 */
                if (cache)
                        path = mnt_resolve_tag(t, v, cache);

                rc = path ? mnt_fs_set_source(cxt->fs, path) : -MNT_ERR_NOSOURCE;

        } else if (cache && !mnt_fs_is_pseudofs(cxt->fs)) {
                /*
                 * Source is PATH (canonicalize)
                 */
                path = mnt_resolve_path(src, cache);
                if (path && strcmp(path, src))
                        rc = mnt_fs_set_source(cxt->fs, path);
         }

        if (rc) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "failed to prepare srcpath [rc=%d]", rc));
                goto end;
        }

        if (!path)
                path = src;

        if ((cxt->mountflags & (MS_BIND | MS_MOVE | MS_REMOUNT))
            || mnt_fs_is_pseudofs(cxt->fs)) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "REMOUNT/BIND/MOVE/pseudo FS source: %s", path));
                goto end;
        }

        /*
         * Initialize loop device
         */
        if (mnt_context_is_loopdev(cxt)) {
                rc = mnt_context_setup_loopdev(cxt);
                if (rc)
                        goto end;
        }

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "final srcpath '%s'",
                                mnt_fs_get_source(cxt->fs)));

end:
        if (!mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old))
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;
        return rc;
}

/* create a mountpoint if X-mount.mkdir[=<mode>] specified */
static int mkdir_target(const char *tgt, struct libmnt_fs *fs)
{
        char *mstr = NULL;
        size_t mstr_sz = 0;
        mode_t mode = 0;
        struct stat st;
        int rc;

        assert(tgt);
        assert(fs);

        if (mnt_optstr_get_option(fs->user_optstr, "X-mount.mkdir", &mstr, &mstr_sz) != 0 &&
            mnt_optstr_get_option(fs->user_optstr, "x-mount.mkdir", &mstr, &mstr_sz) != 0)      /* obsolete */
                return 0;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debug("mkdir %s (%s) wanted", tgt, mstr));

        if (mnt_stat_mountpoint(tgt, &st) == 0)
                return 0;

        if (mstr && mstr_sz) {
                char *end = NULL;

                errno = 0;
                mode = strtol(mstr, &end, 8);

                if (errno || !end || mstr + mstr_sz != end) {
                        DBG(CXT, ul_debug("failed to parse mkdir mode '%s'", mstr));
                        return -MNT_ERR_MOUNTOPT;
                }
        }

        if (!mode)
                mode = S_IRWXU |                        /* 0755 */
                       S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP |
                       S_IROTH | S_IXOTH;

        rc = mkdir_p(tgt, mode);
        if (rc)
                DBG(CXT, ul_debug("mkdir %s failed: %m", tgt));

        return rc;
}

int mnt_context_prepare_target(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        const char *tgt, *prefix;
        struct libmnt_cache *cache;
        int rc = 0;
        struct libmnt_ns *ns_old;

        assert(cxt);
        assert(cxt->fs);
        assert((cxt->flags & MNT_FL_MOUNTFLAGS_MERGED));

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "preparing target path"));

        tgt = mnt_fs_get_target(cxt->fs);
        if (!tgt)
                return 0;

        /* apply prefix */
        prefix = mnt_context_get_target_prefix(cxt);
        if (prefix) {
                const char *p = *tgt == '/' ? tgt + 1 : tgt;

                if (!*p)
                        /* target is "/", use "/prefix" */
                        rc = mnt_fs_set_target(cxt->fs, prefix);
                else {
                        char *path = NULL;

                        if (asprintf(&path, "%s/%s", prefix, p) <= 0)
                                rc = -ENOMEM;
                        else {
                                rc = mnt_fs_set_target(cxt->fs, path);
                                free(path);
                        }
                }
                if (rc)
                        return rc;
                tgt = mnt_fs_get_target(cxt->fs);
        }

        ns_old = mnt_context_switch_target_ns(cxt);
        if (!ns_old)
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        /* mkdir target */
        if (cxt->action == MNT_ACT_MOUNT
            && !mnt_context_is_restricted(cxt)
            && (cxt->user_mountflags & MNT_MS_XCOMMENT ||
                cxt->user_mountflags & MNT_MS_XFSTABCOMM)) {

                rc = mkdir_target(tgt, cxt->fs);
                if (rc) {
                        if (!mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old))
                                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;
                        return rc;      /* mkdir or parse error */
                }
        }

        /* canonicalize the path */
        cache = mnt_context_get_cache(cxt);
        if (cache) {
                char *path = mnt_resolve_path(tgt, cache);
                if (path && strcmp(path, tgt) != 0)
                        rc = mnt_fs_set_target(cxt->fs, path);
        }

        if (!mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old))
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        if (rc)
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "failed to prepare target '%s'", tgt));
        else
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "final target '%s'",
                                        mnt_fs_get_target(cxt->fs)));
        return 0;
}

/* Guess type, but not set to cxt->fs, always use free() for the result. It's
 * no error when we're not able to guess a filesystem type. Note that error
 * does not mean that result in @type is NULL.
 */
int mnt_context_guess_srcpath_fstype(struct libmnt_context *cxt, char **type)
{
        int rc = 0;
        struct libmnt_ns *ns_old;
        const char *dev;

        assert(type);
        assert(cxt);

        *type = NULL;

        dev = mnt_fs_get_srcpath(cxt->fs);
        if (!dev)
                return 0;

        ns_old = mnt_context_switch_target_ns(cxt);
        if (!ns_old)
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        if (access(dev, F_OK) == 0) {
                struct libmnt_cache *cache = mnt_context_get_cache(cxt);
                int ambi = 0;

                *type = mnt_get_fstype(dev, &ambi, cache);
                if (ambi)
                        rc = -MNT_ERR_AMBIFS;

                if (cache && *type) {
                        *type = strdup(*type);
                        if (!*type)
                                rc = -ENOMEM;
                }
        } else {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "access(%s) failed [%m]", dev));
                if (strchr(dev, ':') != NULL) {
                        *type = strdup("nfs");
                        if (!*type)
                                rc = -ENOMEM;
                } else if (!strncmp(dev, "//", 2)) {
                        *type = strdup("cifs");
                        if (!*type)
                                rc = -ENOMEM;
                }
        }

        if (!mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old))
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        return rc;
}

/*
 * It's usually no error when we're not able to detect the filesystem type -- we
 * will try to use the types from /{etc,proc}/filesystems.
 */
int mnt_context_guess_fstype(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        char *type;
        int rc = 0;

        assert(cxt);
        assert(cxt->fs);
        assert((cxt->flags & MNT_FL_MOUNTFLAGS_MERGED));

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "preparing fstype"));

        if ((cxt->mountflags & (MS_BIND | MS_MOVE))
            || mnt_context_propagation_only(cxt))
                goto none;

        type = (char *) mnt_fs_get_fstype(cxt->fs);
        if (type && !strcmp(type, "auto")) {
                mnt_fs_set_fstype(cxt->fs, NULL);
                type = NULL;
        }

        if (type)
                goto done;
        if (cxt->mountflags & MS_REMOUNT)
                goto none;
        if (cxt->fstype_pattern)
                goto done;

        rc = mnt_context_guess_srcpath_fstype(cxt, &type);
        if (rc == 0 && type)
                __mnt_fs_set_fstype_ptr(cxt->fs, type);
        else
                free(type);
done:
        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "FS type: %s [rc=%d]",
                                mnt_fs_get_fstype(cxt->fs), rc));
        return rc;
none:
        return mnt_fs_set_fstype(cxt->fs, "none");
}

/*
 * The default is to use fstype from cxt->fs, this could be overwritten by
 * @type. The @act is MNT_ACT_{MOUNT,UMOUNT}.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success or negative number in case of error. Note that success
 * does not mean that there is any usable helper, you have to check cxt->helper.
 */
int mnt_context_prepare_helper(struct libmnt_context *cxt, const char *name,
                                const char *type)
{
        char search_path[] = FS_SEARCH_PATH;            /* from config.h */
        char *p = NULL, *path;
        struct libmnt_ns *ns_old;
        int rc = 0;

        assert(cxt);
        assert(cxt->fs);
        assert((cxt->flags & MNT_FL_MOUNTFLAGS_MERGED));

        if (!type)
                type = mnt_fs_get_fstype(cxt->fs);

        if (type && strchr(type, ','))
                return 0;                       /* type is fstype pattern */

        if (mnt_context_is_nohelpers(cxt)
            || !type
            || !strcmp(type, "none")
            || strstr(type, "/..")              /* don't try to smuggle path */
            || mnt_fs_is_swaparea(cxt->fs))
                return 0;

        ns_old = mnt_context_switch_origin_ns(cxt);
        if (!ns_old)
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        /* Ignore errors when search in $PATH and do not modify
         * @rc due to stat() etc.
         */
        path = strtok_r(search_path, ":", &p);
        while (path) {
                char helper[PATH_MAX];
                struct stat st;
                int xrc;

                xrc = snprintf(helper, sizeof(helper), "%s/%s.%s",
                                                path, name, type);
                path = strtok_r(NULL, ":", &p);

                if (xrc < 0 || (size_t) xrc >= sizeof(helper))
                        continue;

                xrc = stat(helper, &st);
                if (rc == -1 && errno == ENOENT && strchr(type, '.')) {
                        /* If type ends with ".subtype" try without it */
                        char *hs = strrchr(helper, '.');
                        if (hs)
                                *hs = '\0';
                        xrc = stat(helper, &st);
                }

                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "%-25s ... %s", helper,
                                        xrc ? "not found" : "found"));
                if (xrc)
                        continue;

                /* success */
                rc = strdup_to_struct_member(cxt, helper, helper);
                break;
        }

        if (!mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old))
                rc = -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        /* make sure helper is not set on error */
        if (rc) {
                free(cxt->helper);
                cxt->helper = NULL;
        }
        return rc;
}

int mnt_context_merge_mflags(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        unsigned long fl = 0;
        int rc;

        assert(cxt);

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "merging mount flags"));

        rc = mnt_context_get_mflags(cxt, &fl);
        if (rc)
                return rc;
        cxt->mountflags = fl;

        fl = 0;
        rc = mnt_context_get_user_mflags(cxt, &fl);
        if (rc)
                return rc;
        cxt->user_mountflags = fl;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "final flags: VFS=%08lx user=%08lx",
                        cxt->mountflags, cxt->user_mountflags));

        cxt->flags |= MNT_FL_MOUNTFLAGS_MERGED;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Prepare /etc/mtab or /run/mount/utab
 */
int mnt_context_prepare_update(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        int rc;
        const char *target;

        assert(cxt);
        assert(cxt->fs);
        assert(cxt->action);
        assert((cxt->flags & MNT_FL_MOUNTFLAGS_MERGED));

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "prepare update"));

        if (mnt_context_propagation_only(cxt)) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "skip update: only MS_PROPAGATION"));
                return 0;
        }

        target = mnt_fs_get_target(cxt->fs);

        if (cxt->action == MNT_ACT_UMOUNT && target && !strcmp(target, "/")) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "root umount: setting NOMTAB"));
                mnt_context_disable_mtab(cxt, TRUE);
        }
        if (mnt_context_is_nomtab(cxt)) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "skip update: NOMTAB flag"));
                return 0;
        }
        if (!mnt_context_get_writable_tabpath(cxt)) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "skip update: no writable destination"));
                return 0;
        }
        /* 0 = success, 1 = not called yet */
        if (cxt->syscall_status != 1 && cxt->syscall_status != 0) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt,
                                "skip update: syscall failed [status=%d]",
                                cxt->syscall_status));
                return 0;
        }

        if (!cxt->update) {
                const char *name = mnt_context_get_writable_tabpath(cxt);

                if (cxt->action == MNT_ACT_UMOUNT && is_file_empty(name)) {
                        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt,
                                "skip update: umount, no table"));
                        return 0;
                }

                cxt->update = mnt_new_update();
                if (!cxt->update)
                        return -ENOMEM;

                mnt_update_set_filename(cxt->update, name,
                                !mnt_context_mtab_writable(cxt));
        }

        if (cxt->action == MNT_ACT_UMOUNT)
                rc = mnt_update_set_fs(cxt->update, cxt->mountflags,
                                        mnt_context_get_target(cxt), NULL);
        else
                rc = mnt_update_set_fs(cxt->update, cxt->mountflags,
                                        NULL, cxt->fs);

        return rc < 0 ? rc : 0;
}

int mnt_context_update_tabs(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        unsigned long fl;
        int rc = 0;
        struct libmnt_ns *ns_old;

        assert(cxt);

        if (mnt_context_is_nomtab(cxt)) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "don't update: NOMTAB flag"));
                return 0;
        }
        if (!cxt->update || !mnt_update_is_ready(cxt->update)) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "don't update: no update prepared"));
                return 0;
        }

        ns_old = mnt_context_switch_target_ns(cxt);
        if (!ns_old)
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        /* check utab update when external helper executed */
        if (mnt_context_helper_executed(cxt)
            && mnt_context_get_helper_status(cxt) == 0
            && mnt_context_utab_writable(cxt)) {

                if (mnt_update_already_done(cxt->update, cxt->lock)) {
                        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "don't update: error evaluate or already updated"));
                        goto end;
                }
        } else if (cxt->helper) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "don't update: external helper"));
                goto end;
        }

        if (cxt->syscall_status != 0
            && !(mnt_context_helper_executed(cxt) &&
                 mnt_context_get_helper_status(cxt) == 0)) {

                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "don't update: syscall/helper failed/not called"));
                goto end;
        }

        fl = mnt_update_get_mflags(cxt->update);
        if ((cxt->mountflags & MS_RDONLY) != (fl & MS_RDONLY))
                /*
                 * fix MS_RDONLY in options
                 */
                mnt_update_force_rdonly(cxt->update,
                                cxt->mountflags & MS_RDONLY);

        rc = mnt_update_table(cxt->update, cxt->lock);

end:
        if (!mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old))
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;
        return rc;
}

/* apply @fs to @cxt -- use mnt_context_apply_fstab() if not sure
 */
int mnt_context_apply_fs(struct libmnt_context *cxt, struct libmnt_fs *fs)
{
        int rc;

        if (!cxt->optsmode) {
                if (mnt_context_is_restricted(cxt)) {
                        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "force fstab usage for non-root users!"));
                        cxt->optsmode = MNT_OMODE_USER;
                } else {
                        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "use default optsmode"));
                        cxt->optsmode = MNT_OMODE_AUTO;
                }
        }

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "apply entry:"));
        DBG(CXT, mnt_fs_print_debug(fs, stderr));
        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "OPTSMODE (opt-part): ignore=%d, append=%d, prepend=%d, replace=%d",
                                  cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_IGNORE ? 1 : 0,
                                  cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_APPEND ? 1 : 0,
                                  cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_PREPEND ? 1 : 0,
                                  cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_REPLACE ? 1 : 0));

        /* copy from fs to our FS description
         */
        rc = mnt_fs_set_source(cxt->fs, mnt_fs_get_source(fs));
        if (!rc)
                rc = mnt_fs_set_target(cxt->fs, mnt_fs_get_target(fs));

        if (!rc && !mnt_fs_get_fstype(cxt->fs))
                rc = mnt_fs_set_fstype(cxt->fs, mnt_fs_get_fstype(fs));

        if (!rc && !mnt_fs_get_root(cxt->fs) && mnt_fs_get_root(fs))
                rc = mnt_fs_set_root(cxt->fs, mnt_fs_get_root(fs));

        if (rc)
                goto done;

        if (cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_IGNORE)
                ;
        else if (cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_REPLACE)
                rc = mnt_fs_set_options(cxt->fs, mnt_fs_get_options(fs));

        else if (cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_APPEND)
                rc = mnt_fs_append_options(cxt->fs, mnt_fs_get_options(fs));

        else if (cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_PREPEND)
                rc = mnt_fs_prepend_options(cxt->fs, mnt_fs_get_options(fs));

        if (!rc)
                cxt->flags |= MNT_FL_TAB_APPLIED;

done:
        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "final entry [rc=%d]:", rc));
        DBG(CXT, mnt_fs_print_debug(cxt->fs, stderr));

        return rc;
}

static int apply_table(struct libmnt_context *cxt, struct libmnt_table *tb,
                     int direction)
{
        struct libmnt_fs *fs = NULL;
        const char *src, *tgt;

        assert(cxt);
        assert(cxt->fs);

        src = mnt_fs_get_source(cxt->fs);
        tgt = mnt_fs_get_target(cxt->fs);

        if (tgt && src)
                fs = mnt_table_find_pair(tb, src, tgt, direction);
        else {
                if (src)
                        fs = mnt_table_find_source(tb, src, direction);
                else if (tgt)
                        fs = mnt_table_find_target(tb, tgt, direction);

                if (!fs && mnt_context_is_swapmatch(cxt)) {
                        /* swap source and target (if @src is not LABEL/UUID),
                         * for example in
                         *
                         *      mount /foo/bar
                         *
                         * the path could be a mountpoint as well as a source (for
                         * example bind mount, symlink to a device, ...).
                         */
                        if (src && !mnt_fs_get_tag(cxt->fs, NULL, NULL))
                                fs = mnt_table_find_target(tb, src, direction);
                        if (!fs && tgt)
                                fs = mnt_table_find_source(tb, tgt, direction);
                }
        }

        if (!fs)
                return -MNT_ERR_NOFSTAB;        /* not found */

        return mnt_context_apply_fs(cxt, fs);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_apply_fstab:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * This function is optional.
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_apply_fstab(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        int rc = -1, isremount = 0, iscmdbind = 0;
        struct libmnt_ns *ns_old;
        struct libmnt_table *tab = NULL;
        const char *src = NULL, *tgt = NULL;
        unsigned long mflags = 0;

        if (!cxt || !cxt->fs)
                return -EINVAL;

        if (mnt_context_tab_applied(cxt)) {     /* already applied */
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "fstab already applied -- skip"));
                return 0;
        }

        if (mnt_context_is_restricted(cxt)) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "force fstab usage for non-root users!"));
                cxt->optsmode = MNT_OMODE_USER;
        } else if (cxt->optsmode == 0) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "use default optsmode"));
                cxt->optsmode = MNT_OMODE_AUTO;
        } else if (cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_NOTAB) {
                cxt->optsmode &= ~MNT_OMODE_FSTAB;
                cxt->optsmode &= ~MNT_OMODE_MTAB;
                cxt->optsmode &= ~MNT_OMODE_FORCE;
        }

        if (mnt_context_get_mflags(cxt, &mflags) == 0) {
                isremount = !!(mflags & MS_REMOUNT);
                iscmdbind = !!(mflags & MS_BIND);
        }

        if (cxt->fs) {
                src = mnt_fs_get_source(cxt->fs);
                tgt = mnt_fs_get_target(cxt->fs);
        }

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "OPTSMODE (file-part): force=%d, fstab=%d, mtab=%d",
                                  cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_FORCE ? 1 : 0,
                                  cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_FSTAB ? 1 : 0,
                                  cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_MTAB ? 1 : 0));

        /* fstab is not required if source and target are specified */
        if (src && tgt && !(cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_FORCE)) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "fstab not required -- skip"));
                return 0;
        }

        if (!src && tgt
            && !(cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_FSTAB)
            && !(cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_MTAB)) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "only target; fstab/mtab not required "
                                          "-- skip, probably MS_PROPAGATION"));
                return 0;
        }

        /* let's initialize cxt->fs */
        ignore_result( mnt_context_get_fs(cxt) );

        ns_old = mnt_context_switch_target_ns(cxt);
        if (!ns_old)
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        /* try fstab */
        if (cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_FSTAB) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "trying to apply fstab (src=%s, target=%s)", src, tgt));
                rc = mnt_context_get_fstab(cxt, &tab);
                if (!rc)
                        rc = apply_table(cxt, tab, MNT_ITER_FORWARD);
        }

        /* try mtab */
        if (rc < 0 && (cxt->optsmode & MNT_OMODE_MTAB)
            && (isremount || cxt->action == MNT_ACT_UMOUNT)) {
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "trying to apply mtab (src=%s, target=%s)", src, tgt));
                if (tgt)
                        rc = mnt_context_get_mtab_for_target(cxt, &tab, tgt);
                else
                        rc = mnt_context_get_mtab(cxt, &tab);
                if (!rc)
                        rc = apply_table(cxt, tab, MNT_ITER_BACKWARD);
        }

        if (!mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old))
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        if (rc) {
                if (!mnt_context_is_restricted(cxt)
                    && tgt && !src
                    && isremount) {
                        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "only target; ignore missing mtab entry on remount"));
                        return 0;
                }

                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "failed to find entry in fstab/mtab [rc=%d]: %m", rc));

                /* force to "not found in fstab/mtab" error, the details why
                 * not found are not so important and may be misinterpreted by
                 * applications... */
                rc = -MNT_ERR_NOFSTAB;


        } else if (isremount && !iscmdbind) {

                /* remove "bind" from fstab (or no-op if not present) */
                mnt_optstr_remove_option(&cxt->fs->optstr, "bind");
        }
        return rc;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_tab_applied:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 1 if fstab (or mtab) has been applied to the context, or 0.
 */
int mnt_context_tab_applied(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->flags & MNT_FL_TAB_APPLIED;
}

/*
 * This is not a public function!
 *
 * Returns 1 if *only propagation flags* change is requested.
 */
int mnt_context_propagation_only(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        if (cxt->action != MNT_ACT_MOUNT)
                return 0;

        /* has to be called after context_mount.c: fix_opts() */
        assert((cxt->flags & MNT_FL_MOUNTOPTS_FIXED));

        /* all propagation mounts are in cxt->addmount */
        return !list_empty(&cxt->addmounts)
               && (cxt->mountflags == 0 || cxt->mountflags == MS_SILENT)
               && cxt->fs
               && (!cxt->fs->fstype || strcmp(cxt->fs->fstype, "none") == 0)
               && (!cxt->fs->source || strcmp(cxt->fs->source, "none") == 0);
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_status:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Global libmount status.
 *
 * The real exit code of the mount.type helper has to be tested by
 * mnt_context_get_helper_status(). The mnt_context_get_status() only informs
 * that exec() has been successful.
 *
 * Returns: 1 if mount.type or mount(2) syscall has been successfully called.
 */
int mnt_context_get_status(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return !cxt->syscall_status || !cxt->helper_exec_status;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_helper_executed:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 1 if mount.type helper has been executed, or 0.
 */
int mnt_context_helper_executed(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->helper_exec_status != 1;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_helper_status:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Return: mount.type helper exit status, result is reliable only if
 *         mnt_context_helper_executed() returns 1.
 */
int mnt_context_get_helper_status(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->helper_status;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_syscall_called:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: 1 if mount(2) syscall has been called, or 0.
 */
int mnt_context_syscall_called(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return cxt->syscall_status != 1;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_syscall_errno:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * The result from this function is reliable only if
 * mnt_context_syscall_called() returns 1.
 *
 * Returns: mount(2) errno if the syscall failed or 0.
 */
int mnt_context_get_syscall_errno(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        if (cxt->syscall_status < 0)
                return -cxt->syscall_status;
        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_syscall_status:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @status: mount(2) status
 *
 * The @status should be 0 on success, or negative number on error (-errno).
 *
 * This function should only be used if the [u]mount(2) syscall is NOT called by
 * libmount code.
 *
 * Returns: 0 or negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_set_syscall_status(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int status)
{
        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "syscall status set to: %d", status));
        cxt->syscall_status = status;
        return 0;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_strerror
 * @cxt: context
 * @buf: buffer
 * @bufsiz: size of the buffer
 *
 * Not implemented, deprecated in favor or mnt_context_get_excode().
 *
 * Returns: 0 or negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_strerror(struct libmnt_context *cxt __attribute__((__unused__)),
                         char *buf __attribute__((__unused__)),
                         size_t bufsiz __attribute__((__unused__)))
{
        /* TODO: based on cxt->syscall_errno or cxt->helper_status */
        return 0;
}


int mnt_context_get_generic_excode(int rc, char *buf, size_t bufsz, char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list va;

        if (rc == 0)
                return MNT_EX_SUCCESS;

        va_start(va, fmt);

        /* we need to support "%m" */
        errno = rc < 0 ? -rc : rc;

        if (buf)
                vsnprintf(buf, bufsz, fmt, va);

        switch (errno) {
        case EINVAL:
        case EPERM:
                rc = MNT_EX_USAGE;
                break;
        case ENOMEM:
                rc = MNT_EX_SYSERR;
                break;
        default:
                rc = MNT_EX_FAIL;
                break;
        }
        va_end(va);
        return rc;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_excode:
 * @cxt: context
 * @rc: return code of the previous operation
 * @buf: buffer to print error message (optional)
 * @bufsz: size of the buffer
 *
 * This function analyzes context, [u]mount syscall and external helper status
 * and @mntrc and generates unified return code (see MNT_EX_*) as expected
 * from mount(8) or umount(8).
 *
 * If the external helper (e.g. /sbin/mount.type) has been executed than it
 * returns status from wait() of the helper. It's not libmount fail if helper
 * returns some crazy undocumented codes...  See mnt_context_helper_executed()
 * and mnt_context_get_helper_status(). Note that mount(8) and umount(8) utils
 * always return code from helper without extra care about it.
 *
 * If the argument @buf is not NULL then error message is generated (if
 * anything failed).
 *
 * The @mntrc is usually return code from mnt_context_mount(),
 * mnt_context_umount(), or 'mntrc' as returned by mnt_context_next_mount().
 *
 * Since: 2.30
 *
 * Returns: MNT_EX_* codes.
 */
int mnt_context_get_excode(
                        struct libmnt_context *cxt,
                        int rc,
                        char *buf,
                        size_t bufsz)
{
        if (buf) {
                *buf = '\0'; /* for sure */

                if (!cxt->enabled_textdomain) {
                        bindtextdomain(LIBMOUNT_TEXTDOMAIN, LOCALEDIR);
                        cxt->enabled_textdomain = 1;
                }
        }

        switch (cxt->action) {
        case MNT_ACT_MOUNT:
                rc = mnt_context_get_mount_excode(cxt, rc, buf, bufsz);
                break;
        case MNT_ACT_UMOUNT:
                rc = mnt_context_get_umount_excode(cxt, rc, buf, bufsz);
                break;
        default:
                if (rc)
                        rc = mnt_context_get_generic_excode(rc, buf, bufsz,
                                _("operation failed: %m"));
                else
                        rc = MNT_EX_SUCCESS;
                break;
        }

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "excode: rc=%d message=\"%s\"", rc,
                                buf ? buf : "<no-message>"));
        return rc;
}


/**
 * mnt_context_init_helper
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @action: MNT_ACT_{UMOUNT,MOUNT}
 * @flags: not used now
 *
 * This function informs libmount that used from [u]mount.type helper.
 *
 * The function also calls mnt_context_disable_helpers() to avoid recursive
 * mount.type helpers calling. It you really want to call another
 * mount.type helper from your helper, then you have to explicitly enable this
 * feature by:
 *
 *       mnt_context_disable_helpers(cxt, FALSE);
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_init_helper(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int action,
                            int flags __attribute__((__unused__)))
{
        int rc;

        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        rc = mnt_context_disable_helpers(cxt, TRUE);
        if (!rc)
                rc = set_flag(cxt, MNT_FL_HELPER, 1);
        if (!rc)
                cxt->action = action;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "initialized for [u]mount.<type> helper [rc=%d]", rc));
        return rc;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_helper_setopt:
 * @cxt: context
 * @c: getopt() result
 * @arg: getopt() optarg
 *
 * This function applies the [u]mount.type command line option (for example parsed
 * by getopt or getopt_long) to @cxt. All unknown options are ignored and
 * then 1 is returned.
 *
 * Returns: negative number on error, 1 if @c is unknown option, 0 on success.
 */
int mnt_context_helper_setopt(struct libmnt_context *cxt, int c, char *arg)
{
        if (cxt) {
                switch(cxt->action) {
                case MNT_ACT_MOUNT:
                        return mnt_context_mount_setopt(cxt, c, arg);
                case MNT_ACT_UMOUNT:
                        return mnt_context_umount_setopt(cxt, c, arg);
                }
        }
        return -EINVAL;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_is_fs_mounted:
 * @cxt: context
 * @fs: filesystem
 * @mounted: returns 1 for mounted and 0 for non-mounted filesystems
 *
 * Please, read the mnt_table_is_fs_mounted() description!
 *
 * Returns: 0 on success and negative number in case of error.
 */
int mnt_context_is_fs_mounted(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
                              struct libmnt_fs *fs, int *mounted)
{
        struct libmnt_table *mtab, *orig;
        int rc;
        struct libmnt_ns *ns_old;

        if (!cxt || !fs || !mounted)
                return -EINVAL;

        ns_old = mnt_context_switch_target_ns(cxt);
        if (!ns_old)
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;

        orig = cxt->mtab;
        rc = mnt_context_get_mtab(cxt, &mtab);
        if (rc == -ENOENT && mnt_fs_streq_target(fs, "/proc") &&
            (!cxt->mtab_path || startswith(cxt->mtab_path, "/proc/"))) {
                if (!orig) {
                        mnt_unref_table(cxt->mtab);
                        cxt->mtab = NULL;
                }
                *mounted = 0;
                return 0;       /* /proc not mounted */
        } else if (rc)
                return rc;

        *mounted = __mnt_table_is_fs_mounted(mtab, fs,
                                mnt_context_get_target_prefix(cxt));

        if (!mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old))
                return -MNT_ERR_NAMESPACE;
        return 0;
}

static int mnt_context_add_child(struct libmnt_context *cxt, pid_t pid)
{
        pid_t *pids;

        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        pids = realloc(cxt->children, sizeof(pid_t) * cxt->nchildren + 1);
        if (!pids)
                return -ENOMEM;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "add new child %d", pid));
        cxt->children = pids;
        cxt->children[cxt->nchildren++] = pid;

        return 0;
}

int mnt_fork_context(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        int rc = 0;
        pid_t pid;

        assert(cxt);
        if (!mnt_context_is_parent(cxt))
                return -EINVAL;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "forking context"));

        DBG_FLUSH;

        pid = fork();

        switch (pid) {
        case -1: /* error */
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "fork failed %m"));
                return -errno;

        case 0: /* child */
                cxt->pid = getpid();
                mnt_context_enable_fork(cxt, FALSE);
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "child created"));
                break;

        default:
                rc = mnt_context_add_child(cxt, pid);
                break;
        }

        return rc;
}

int mnt_context_wait_for_children(struct libmnt_context *cxt,
                                  int *nchildren, int *nerrs)
{
        int i;

        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        assert(mnt_context_is_parent(cxt));

        for (i = 0; i < cxt->nchildren; i++) {
                pid_t pid = cxt->children[i];
                int rc = 0, ret = 0;

                if (!pid)
                        continue;
                do {
                        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt,
                                        "waiting for child (%d/%d): %d",
                                        i + 1, cxt->nchildren, pid));
                        errno = 0;
                        rc = waitpid(pid, &ret, 0);

                } while (rc == -1 && errno == EINTR);

                if (nchildren)
                        (*nchildren)++;

                if (rc != -1 && nerrs) {
                        if (WIFEXITED(ret))
                                (*nerrs) += WEXITSTATUS(ret) == 0 ? 0 : 1;
                        else
                                (*nerrs)++;
                }
                cxt->children[i] = 0;
        }

        cxt->nchildren = 0;
        free(cxt->children);
        cxt->children = NULL;
        return 0;
}

static void close_ns(struct libmnt_ns *ns)
{
        if (ns->fd == -1)
                return;

        close(ns->fd);
        ns->fd = -1;

        mnt_unref_cache(ns->cache);
        ns->cache = NULL;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_set_target_ns:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @path: path to target namespace or NULL
 *
 * Sets target namespace to namespace represented by @path. If @path is NULL,
 * target namespace is cleared.
 *
 * This function sets errno to ENOSYS and returns error if libmount is
 * compiled without namespaces support.
*
 * Returns: 0 on success, negative number in case of error.
 *
 * Since: 2.33
 */
int mnt_context_set_target_ns(struct libmnt_context *cxt, const char *path)
{
        if (!cxt)
                return -EINVAL;

        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "Setting %s as target namespace", path));

        /* cleanup only */
        if (!path) {
                close_ns(&cxt->ns_orig);
                close_ns(&cxt->ns_tgt);
                return 0;
        }

#ifdef USE_LIBMOUNT_SUPPORT_NAMESPACES
        int errsv = 0;
        int tmp;

        errno = 0;

        /* open original namespace */
        if (cxt->ns_orig.fd == -1) {
                cxt->ns_orig.fd = open("/proc/self/ns/mnt", O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
                if (cxt->ns_orig.fd == -1)
                        return -errno;
                cxt->ns_orig.cache = NULL;
        }

        /* open target (wanted) namespace */
        tmp = open(path, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
        if (tmp == -1)
                return -errno;

        /* test whether namespace switching works */
        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "Trying whether namespace is valid"));
        if (setns(tmp, CLONE_NEWNS)
            || setns(cxt->ns_orig.fd, CLONE_NEWNS)) {
                errsv = errno;
                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "setns(2) failed [errno=%d %m]", errno));
                goto err;
        }

        close_ns(&cxt->ns_tgt);

        cxt->ns_tgt.fd = tmp;
        cxt->ns_tgt.cache = NULL;

        return 0;
err:
        close(tmp);
        errno = errsv;

#else /* ! USE_LIBMOUNT_SUPPORT_NAMESPACES */
        errno = ENOSYS;
#endif
        return -errno;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_target_ns:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: pointer to target namespace
 *
 * Since: 2.33
 */
struct libmnt_ns *mnt_context_get_target_ns(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return &cxt->ns_tgt;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_get_origin_ns:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Returns: pointer to original namespace
 *
 * Since: 2.33
 */
struct libmnt_ns *mnt_context_get_origin_ns(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return &cxt->ns_orig;
}


/**
 * mnt_context_switch_ns:
 * @cxt: mount context
 * @ns: namespace to switch to
 *
 * Switch to namespace specified by ns
 *
 * Typical usage:
 * <informalexample>
 *   <programlisting>
 *      struct libmnt_ns *ns_old;
 *      ns_old = mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, mnt_context_get_target_ns(cxt));
 *      ... code ...
 *      mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, ns_old);
 *   </programlisting>
 * </informalexample>
 *
 * Returns: pointer to previous namespace or NULL on error
 *
 * Since: 2.33
 */
struct libmnt_ns *mnt_context_switch_ns(struct libmnt_context *cxt, struct libmnt_ns *ns)
{
        struct libmnt_ns *old = NULL;

        if (!cxt || !ns)
                return NULL;

        /*
         * If mnt_context_set_target_ns() has never been used than @ns file
         * descriptor is -1 and this function is noop.
         */
        old = cxt->ns_cur;
        if (ns == old || ns->fd == -1)
                return old;

#ifdef USE_LIBMOUNT_SUPPORT_NAMESPACES
        /* remember the curremt cache */
        if (old->cache != cxt->cache) {
                mnt_unref_cache(old->cache);
                old->cache = cxt->cache;
                mnt_ref_cache(old->cache);
        }

        /* switch */
        DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "Switching to %s namespace",
                ns == mnt_context_get_target_ns(cxt) ? "target" :
                ns == mnt_context_get_origin_ns(cxt) ? "original" : "other"));

        if (setns(ns->fd, CLONE_NEWNS)) {
                int errsv = errno;

                DBG(CXT, ul_debugobj(cxt, "setns(2) failed [errno=%d %m]", errno));
                errno = errsv;
                return NULL;
        }

        /* update pointer to the current namespace */
        cxt->ns_cur = ns;

        /* update pointer to the cache */
        mnt_unref_cache(cxt->cache);
        cxt->cache = ns->cache;
        mnt_ref_cache(cxt->cache);
#endif /* USE_LIBMOUNT_SUPPORT_NAMESPACES */

        return old;
}

/**
 * mnt_context_switch_origin_ns:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Switch to original namespace
 *
 * This is shorthand for
 * <informalexample>
 *   <programlisting>
 *      mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, mnt_context_get_origin_ns(cxt));
 *   </programlisting>
 * </informalexample>
 *
 * Returns: pointer to previous namespace or NULL on error
 *
 * Since: 2.33
 */
struct libmnt_ns *mnt_context_switch_origin_ns(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, mnt_context_get_origin_ns(cxt));
}

/**
 * mnt_context_switch_target_ns:
 * @cxt: mount context
 *
 * Switch to target namespace
 *
 * This is shorthand for
 * <informalexample>
 *   <programlisting>
 *      mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, mnt_context_get_target_ns(cxt));
 *   </programlisting>
 * </informalexample>
 *
 * Returns: pointer to previous namespace or NULL on error
 *
 * Since: 2.33
 */
struct libmnt_ns *mnt_context_switch_target_ns(struct libmnt_context *cxt)
{
        return mnt_context_switch_ns(cxt, mnt_context_get_target_ns(cxt));
}


#ifdef TEST_PROGRAM

static int test_search_helper(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
{
        struct libmnt_context *cxt;
        const char *type;
        int rc;

        if (argc < 2)
                return -EINVAL;

        cxt = mnt_new_context();
        if (!cxt)
                return -ENOMEM;

        type = argv[1];

        mnt_context_get_fs(cxt);                /* just to fill cxt->fs */
        cxt->flags |= MNT_FL_MOUNTFLAGS_MERGED; /* fake */

        rc = mnt_context_prepare_helper(cxt, "mount", type);
        printf("helper is: %s\n", cxt->helper ? cxt->helper : "not found");

        mnt_free_context(cxt);
        return rc;
}


static struct libmnt_lock *lock;

static void lock_fallback(void)
{
        if (lock)
                mnt_unlock_file(lock);
}

static int test_mount(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
{
        int idx = 1, rc = 0;
        struct libmnt_context *cxt;

        if (argc < 2)
                return -EINVAL;

        cxt = mnt_new_context();
        if (!cxt)
                return -ENOMEM;

        if (!strcmp(argv[idx], "-o")) {
                mnt_context_set_options(cxt, argv[idx + 1]);
                idx += 2;
        }
        if (!strcmp(argv[idx], "-t")) {
                /* TODO: use mnt_context_set_fstype_pattern() */
                mnt_context_set_fstype(cxt, argv[idx + 1]);
                idx += 2;
        }

        if (argc == idx + 1)
                /* mount <mountpoint>|<device> */
                mnt_context_set_target(cxt, argv[idx++]);

        else if (argc == idx + 2) {
                /* mount <device> <mountpoint> */
                mnt_context_set_source(cxt, argv[idx++]);
                mnt_context_set_target(cxt, argv[idx++]);
        }

        /* this is unnecessary! -- libmount is able to internally
         * create and manage the lock
         */
        lock = mnt_context_get_lock(cxt);
        if (lock)
                atexit(lock_fallback);

        rc = mnt_context_mount(cxt);
        if (rc)
                warn("failed to mount");
        else
                printf("successfully mounted\n");

        lock = NULL;    /* because we use atexit lock_fallback */
        mnt_free_context(cxt);
        return rc;
}

static int test_umount(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
{
        int idx = 1, rc = 0;
        struct libmnt_context *cxt;

        if (argc < 2)
                return -EINVAL;

        cxt = mnt_new_context();
        if (!cxt)
                return -ENOMEM;

        if (!strcmp(argv[idx], "-t")) {
                mnt_context_set_fstype(cxt, argv[idx + 1]);
                idx += 2;
        }

        if (!strcmp(argv[idx], "-f")) {
                mnt_context_enable_force(cxt, TRUE);
                idx++;
        }

        if (!strcmp(argv[idx], "-l")) {
                mnt_context_enable_lazy(cxt, TRUE);
                idx++;
        }

        if (!strcmp(argv[idx], "-r")) {
                mnt_context_enable_rdonly_umount(cxt, TRUE);
                idx++;
        }

        if (argc == idx + 1) {
                /* mount <mountpoint>|<device> */
                mnt_context_set_target(cxt, argv[idx++]);
        } else {
                rc = -EINVAL;
                goto err;
        }

        lock = mnt_context_get_lock(cxt);
        if (lock)
                atexit(lock_fallback);

        rc = mnt_context_umount(cxt);
        if (rc)
                printf("failed to umount\n");
        else
                printf("successfully umounted\n");
err:
        lock = NULL;    /* because we use atexit lock_fallback */
        mnt_free_context(cxt);
        return rc;
}

static int test_flags(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
{
        int idx = 1, rc = 0;
        struct libmnt_context *cxt;
        const char *opt = NULL;
        unsigned long flags = 0;

        if (argc < 2)
                return -EINVAL;

        cxt = mnt_new_context();
        if (!cxt)
                return -ENOMEM;

        if (!strcmp(argv[idx], "-o")) {
                mnt_context_set_options(cxt, argv[idx + 1]);
                idx += 2;
        }

        if (argc == idx + 1)
                /* mount <mountpoint>|<device> */
                mnt_context_set_target(cxt, argv[idx++]);

        rc = mnt_context_prepare_mount(cxt);
        if (rc)
                printf("failed to prepare mount %s\n", strerror(-rc));

        opt = mnt_fs_get_options(cxt->fs);
        if (opt)
                fprintf(stdout, "options: %s\n", opt);

        mnt_context_get_mflags(cxt, &flags);
        fprintf(stdout, "flags: %08lx\n", flags);

        mnt_free_context(cxt);
        return rc;
}

static int test_mountall(struct libmnt_test *ts, int argc, char *argv[])
{
        struct libmnt_context *cxt;
        struct libmnt_iter *itr;
        struct libmnt_fs *fs;
        int mntrc, ignored, idx = 1;

        cxt = mnt_new_context();
        itr = mnt_new_iter(MNT_ITER_FORWARD);

        if (!cxt || !itr)
                return -ENOMEM;

        if (argc > 2) {
                if (argv[idx] && !strcmp(argv[idx], "-O")) {
                        mnt_context_set_options_pattern(cxt, argv[idx + 1]);
                        idx += 2;
                }
                if (argv[idx] && !strcmp(argv[idx], "-t")) {
                        mnt_context_set_fstype_pattern(cxt, argv[idx + 1]);
                        idx += 2;
                }
        }

        while (mnt_context_next_mount(cxt, itr, &fs, &mntrc, &ignored) == 0) {

                const char *tgt = mnt_fs_get_target(fs);

                if (ignored == 1)
                        printf("%s: ignored: not match\n", tgt);
                else if (ignored == 2)
                        printf("%s: ignored: already mounted\n", tgt);

                else if (!mnt_context_get_status(cxt)) {
                        if (mntrc > 0) {
                                errno = mntrc;
                                warn("%s: mount failed", tgt);
                        } else
                                warnx("%s: mount failed", tgt);
                } else
                        printf("%s: successfully mounted\n", tgt);
        }

        mnt_free_context(cxt);
        return 0;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
        struct libmnt_test tss[] = {
        { "--mount",  test_mount,  "[-o <opts>] [-t <type>] <spec>|<src> <target>" },
        { "--umount", test_umount, "[-t <type>] [-f][-l][-r] <src>|<target>" },
        { "--mount-all", test_mountall,  "[-O <pattern>] [-t <pattern] mount all filesystems from fstab" },
        { "--flags", test_flags,   "[-o <opts>] <spec>" },
        { "--search-helper", test_search_helper, "<fstype>" },
        { NULL }};

        umask(S_IWGRP|S_IWOTH); /* to be compatible with mount(8) */

        return mnt_run_test(tss, argc, argv);
}

#endif /* TEST_PROGRAM */