misc/fsck.c

   1 /*
   2  * pfsck --- A generic, parallelizing front-end for the fsck program.
   3  * It will automatically try to run fsck programs in parallel if the
   4  * devices are on separate spindles.  It is based on the same ideas as
   5  * the generic front end for fsck by David Engel and Fred van Kempen,
   6  * but it has been completely rewritten from scratch to support
   7  * parallel execution.
   8  *
   9  * Written by Theodore Ts'o, <tytso@mit.edu>
  10  *
  11  * Usage:       fsck [-AVRNTM] [-s] [-t fstype] [fs-options] device
  12  *
  13  * Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@drinkel.ow.org) 20-Oct-1994:
  14  *   o Changed -t fstype to behave like with mount when -A (all file
  15  *     systems) or -M (like mount) is specified.
  16  *   o fsck looks if it can find the fsck.type program to decide
  17  *     if it should ignore the fs type. This way more fsck programs
  18  *     can be added without changing this front-end.
  19  *   o -R flag skip root file system.
  20  *
  21  * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994 Theodore Ts'o.  This file may be
  22  * redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public License.
  23  */
  24
  25 #include <sys/types.h>
  26 #include <sys/wait.h>
  27 #include <sys/signal.h>
  28 #include <sys/stat.h>
  29 #include <limits.h>
  30 #include <stdio.h>
  31 #include <string.h>
  32 #if HAVE_STDLIB_H
  33 #include <stdlib.h>
  34 #endif
  35 #if HAVE_ERRNO_H
  36 #include <errno.h>
  37 #endif
  38 #if HAVE_MNTENT_H
  39 #include <mntent.h>
  40 #endif
  41 #if HAVE_UNISTD_H
  42 #include <unistd.h>
  43 #endif
  44 #if HAVE_ERRNO_H
  45 #include <errno.h>
  46 #endif
  47 #include <malloc.h>
  48 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
  49 #include <getopt.h>
  50 #endif
  51
  52 #include "../version.h"
  53 #include "fsck.h"
  54
  55 static const char *ignored_types[] = {
  56         "ignore",
  57         "iso9660",
  58         "nfs",
  59         "proc",
  60         "sw",
  61         "swap",
  62         NULL
  63 };
  64
  65 static const char *really_wanted[] = {
  66         "minix",
  67         "ext2",
  68         "xiafs",
  69         NULL
  70 };
  71
  72 #ifdef DEV_DSK_DEVICES
  73 static const char *base_devices[] = {
  74         "/dev/dsk/hda",
  75         "/dev/dsk/hdb",
  76         "/dev/dsk/hdc",
  77         "/dev/dsk/hdd",
  78         "/dev/dsk/hd1a",
  79         "/dev/dsk/hd1b",
  80         "/dev/dsk/hd1c",
  81         "/dev/dsk/hd1d",
  82         "/dev/dsk/sda",
  83         "/dev/dsk/sdb",
  84         "/dev/dsk/sdc",
  85         "/dev/dsk/sdd",
  86         "/dev/dsk/sde",
  87         "/dev/dsk/sdf",
  88         "/dev/dsk/sdg",
  89         NULL
  90 };
  91 #else
  92 static const char *base_devices[] = {
  93         "/dev/hda",
  94         "/dev/hdb",
  95         "/dev/hdc",
  96         "/dev/hdd",
  97         "/dev/hd1a",
  98         "/dev/hd1b",
  99         "/dev/hd1c",
 100         "/dev/hd1d",
 101         "/dev/sda",
 102         "/dev/sdb",
 103         "/dev/sdc",
 104         "/dev/sdd",
 105         "/dev/sde",
 106         "/dev/sdf",
 107         "/dev/sdg",
 108         NULL
 109 };
 110 #endif
 111
 112 /*
 113  * Global variables for options
 114  */
 115 char *devices[MAX_DEVICES];
 116 char *args[MAX_ARGS];
 117 int num_devices, num_args;
 118
 119 int verbose = 0;
 120 int doall = 0;
 121 int noexecute = 0;
 122 int serialize = 0;
 123 int skip_root = 0;
 124 int like_mount = 0;
 125 int notitle = 0;
 126 char *progname;
 127 char *fstype = NULL;
 128 struct fs_info *filesys_info;
 129 struct fsck_instance *instance_list;
 130 const char *fsck_prefix_path = "/sbin:/sbin/fs.d:/sbin/fs:/etc/fs:/etc";
 131 char *fsck_path = 0;
 132 static int ignore(struct fs_info *);
 133
 134 #ifdef HAVE_STRDUP
 135 #ifdef _POSIX_SOURCE
 136 extern char *strdup(const char *s);
 137 #endif
 138 #else
 139 static char *strdup(const char *s)
 140 {
 141         char    *ret;
 142
 143         ret = malloc(strlen(s)+1);
 144         if (ret)
 145                 strcpy(ret, s);
 146         return ret;
 147 }
 148 #endif
 149
 150 static void free_instance(struct fsck_instance *i)
 151 {
 152         if (i->prog)
 153                 free(i->prog);
 154         if (i->device)
 155                 free(i->device);
 156         free(i);
 157         return;
 158 }
 159
 160 /*
 161  * Load the filesystem database from /etc/fstab
 162  */
 163 static void load_fs_info(NOARGS)
 164 {
 165 #if HAVE_MNTENT_H
 166         FILE *mntfile;
 167         struct mntent *mp;
 168         struct fs_info *fs;
 169         struct fs_info *fs_last = NULL;
 170         int     old_fstab = 1;
 171
 172         filesys_info = NULL;
 173
 174         /* Open the mount table. */
 175         if ((mntfile = setmntent(MNTTAB, "r")) == NULL) {
 176                 perror(MNTTAB);
 177                 exit(EXIT_ERROR);
 178         }
 179
 180         while ((mp = getmntent(mntfile)) != NULL) {
 181                 fs = malloc(sizeof(struct fs_info));
 182                 memset(fs, 0, sizeof(struct fs_info));
 183                 fs->device = strdup(mp->mnt_fsname);
 184                 fs->mountpt = strdup(mp->mnt_dir);
 185                 fs->type = strdup(mp->mnt_type);
 186                 fs->opts = strdup(mp->mnt_opts);
 187                 fs->freq = mp->mnt_freq;
 188                 fs->passno = mp->mnt_passno;
 189                 fs->next = NULL;
 190                 if (!filesys_info)
 191                         filesys_info = fs;
 192                 else
 193                         fs_last->next = fs;
 194                 fs_last = fs;
 195                 if (fs->passno)
 196                         old_fstab = 0;
 197         }
 198
 199         (void) endmntent(mntfile);
 200
 201         if (old_fstab) {
 202                 fprintf(stderr, "\007\007\007"
 203         "WARNING: Your /etc/fstab does not contain the fsck passno\n");
 204                 fprintf(stderr,
 205         "       field.  I will kludge around things for you, but you\n");
 206                 fprintf(stderr,
 207         "       should fix your /etc/fstab file as soon as you can.\n\n");
 208
 209                 for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
 210                         fs->passno = 1;
 211                 }
 212         }
 213 #else
 214         filesys_info = NULL;
 215 #endif /* HAVE_MNTENT_H */
 216 }
 217
 218 /* Lookup filesys in /etc/fstab and return the corresponding entry. */
 219 static struct fs_info *lookup(char *filesys)
 220 {
 221         struct fs_info *fs;
 222
 223         /* No filesys name given. */
 224         if (filesys == NULL)
 225                 return NULL;
 226
 227         for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
 228                 if (!strcmp(filesys, fs->device) ||
 229                     !strcmp(filesys, fs->mountpt))
 230                         break;
 231         }
 232
 233         return fs;
 234 }
 235
 236 /* Find fsck program for a given fs type. */
 237 static char *find_fsck(char *type)
 238 {
 239   char *s;
 240   const char *tpl;
 241   static char prog[256];
 242   char *p = strdup(fsck_path);
 243   struct stat st;
 244
 245   /* Are we looking for a program or just a type? */
 246   tpl = (strncmp(type, "fsck.", 5) ? "%s/fsck.%s" : "%s/%s");
 247
 248   for(s = strtok(p, ":"); s; s = strtok(NULL, ":")) {
 249         sprintf(prog, tpl, s, type);
 250         if (stat(prog, &st) == 0) break;
 251   }
 252   free(p);
 253   return(s ? prog : NULL);
 254 }
 255
 256 /*
 257  * Execute a particular fsck program, and link it into the list of
 258  * child processes we are waiting for.
 259  */
 260 static int execute(char *prog, char *device)
 261 {
 262         char *s, *argv[80];
 263         int  argc, i;
 264         struct fsck_instance *inst;
 265         pid_t   pid;
 266
 267         argv[0] = strdup(prog);
 268         argc = 1;
 269
 270         for (i=0; i <num_args; i++)
 271                 argv[argc++] = strdup(args[i]);
 272
 273         argv[argc++] = strdup(device);
 274         argv[argc] = 0;
 275
 276         s = find_fsck(prog);
 277         if (s == NULL) {
 278                 fprintf(stderr, "fsck: %s: not found\n", prog);
 279                 return ENOENT;
 280         }
 281
 282         if (verbose || noexecute) {
 283                 printf("[%s] ", s);
 284                 for (i=0; i < argc; i++)
 285                         printf("%s ", argv[i]);
 286                 printf("\n");
 287         }
 288         if (noexecute)
 289                 return 0;
 290
 291         /* Fork and execute the correct program. */
 292         if ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
 293                 perror("fork");
 294                 return errno;
 295         } else if (pid == 0) {
 296                 (void) execv(s, argv);
 297                 perror(argv[0]);
 298                 exit(EXIT_ERROR);
 299         }
 300         inst = malloc(sizeof(struct fsck_instance));
 301         if (!inst)
 302                 return ENOMEM;
 303         memset(inst, 0, sizeof(struct fsck_instance));
 304         inst->pid = pid;
 305         inst->prog = strdup(prog);
 306         inst->device = strdup(device);
 307         inst->next = instance_list;
 308         instance_list = inst;
 309
 310         return 0;
 311 }
 312
 313 /*
 314  * Wait for one child process to exit; when it does, unlink it from
 315  * the list of executing child processes, and return it.
 316  */
 317 static struct fsck_instance *wait_one(NOARGS)
 318 {
 319         int     status;
 320         int     sig;
 321         struct fsck_instance *inst, *prev;
 322         pid_t   pid;
 323
 324         if (!instance_list)
 325                 return NULL;
 326
 327 retry:
 328         pid = wait(&status);
 329         if (pid < 0) {
 330                 if ((errno == EINTR) || (errno == EAGAIN))
 331                         goto retry;
 332                 if (errno == ECHILD) {
 333                         fprintf(stderr,
 334                                 "%s: wait: No more child process?!?\n",
 335                                 progname);
 336                         return NULL;
 337                 }
 338                 perror("wait");
 339                 goto retry;
 340         }
 341         for (prev = 0, inst = instance_list;
 342              inst;
 343              prev = inst, inst = inst->next) {
 344                 if (inst->pid == pid)
 345                         break;
 346         }
 347         if (!inst) {
 348                 printf("Unexpected child process %d, status = 0x%x\n",
 349                        pid, status);
 350                 goto retry;
 351         }
 352         if (WIFEXITED(status))
 353                 status = WEXITSTATUS(status);
 354         else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
 355                 sig = WTERMSIG(status);
 356                 if (sig == SIGINT) {
 357                         status = EXIT_UNCORRECTED;
 358                 } else {
 359                         printf("Warning... %s for device %s exited "
 360                                "with signal %d.\n",
 361                                inst->prog, inst->device, sig);
 362                         status = EXIT_ERROR;
 363                 }
 364         } else {
 365                 printf("%s %s: status is %x, should never happen.\n",
 366                        inst->prog, inst->device, status);
 367                 status = EXIT_ERROR;
 368         }
 369         inst->exit_status = status;
 370         if (prev)
 371                 prev->next = inst->next;
 372         else
 373                 instance_list = inst->next;
 374         return inst;
 375 }
 376
 377 /*
 378  * Wait until all executing child processes have exited; return the
 379  * logical OR of all of their exit code values.
 380  */
 381 static int wait_all(NOARGS)
 382 {
 383         struct fsck_instance *inst;
 384         int     global_status = 0;
 385
 386         while (instance_list) {
 387                 inst = wait_one();
 388                 if (!inst)
 389                         break;
 390                 global_status |= inst->exit_status;
 391                 free_instance(inst);
 392         }
 393         return global_status;
 394 }
 395
 396 /*
 397  * Run the fsck program on a particular device
 398  *
 399  * If the type is specified using -t, and it isn't prefixed with "no"
 400  * (as in "noext2") and only one filesystem type is specified, then
 401  * use that type regardless of what is specified in /etc/fstab.
 402  *
 403  * If the type isn't specified by the user, then use either the type
 404  * specified in /etc/fstab, or DEFAULT_FSTYPE.
 405  */
 406 static void fsck_device(char *device)
 407 {
 408         const char      *type = 0;
 409         struct fs_info *fsent;
 410         int retval;
 411         char prog[80];
 412
 413         if (fstype && strncmp(fstype, "no", 2) && !strchr(fstype, ','))
 414                 type = fstype;
 415
 416         if ((fsent = lookup(device))) {
 417                 device = fsent->device;
 418                 if (!type)
 419                         type = fsent->type;
 420         }
 421         if (!type)
 422                 type = DEFAULT_FSTYPE;
 423
 424         sprintf(prog, "fsck.%s", type);
 425         retval = execute(prog, device);
 426         if (retval) {
 427                 fprintf(stderr, "%s: Error %d while executing %s for %s\n",
 428                         progname, retval, prog, device);
 429         }
 430 }
 431
 432 /* See if filesystem type matches the list. */
 433 static int fs_match(char *type, char *fs_type)
 434 {
 435   int ret = 0, negate = 0;
 436   char list[128];
 437   char *s;
 438
 439   if (!fs_type) return(1);
 440
 441   if (strncmp(fs_type, "no", 2) == 0) {
 442         fs_type += 2;
 443         negate = 1;
 444   }
 445   strcpy(list, fs_type);
 446   s = strtok(list, ",");
 447   while(s) {
 448         if (strcmp(s, type) == 0) {
 449                 ret = 1;
 450                 break;
 451         }
 452         s = strtok(NULL, ",");
 453   }
 454   return(negate ? !ret : ret);
 455 }
 456
 457
 458 /* Check if we should ignore this filesystem. */
 459 static int ignore(struct fs_info *fs)
 460 {
 461         const char *cp;
 462         const char **ip;
 463         int wanted = 0;
 464
 465         /*
 466          * If the pass number is 0, ignore it.
 467          */
 468         if (fs->passno == 0)
 469                 return 1;
 470
 471         /*
 472          * If a specific fstype is specified, and it doesn't match,
 473          * ignore it.
 474          */
 475         if (!fs_match(fs->type, fstype)) return 1;
 476
 477         /* Noauto never matches. */
 478         for (cp = strtok(fs->opts, ","); cp != NULL; cp = strtok(NULL, ",")) {
 479                 if (!strcmp(cp, "noauto"))
 480                         return 1;
 481         }
 482
 483         /* Are we ignoring this type? */
 484         for(ip = ignored_types; *ip; ip++)
 485                 if (strcmp(fs->type, *ip) == 0) return(1);
 486
 487         /* Do we really really want to check this fs? */
 488         for(ip = really_wanted; *ip; ip++)
 489                 if (strcmp(fs->type, *ip) == 0) {
 490                         wanted = 1;
 491                         break;
 492                 }
 493
 494         /* See if the <fsck.fs> program is available. */
 495         if (find_fsck(fs->type) == NULL) {
 496                 if (wanted)
 497                         fprintf(stderr, "fsck: cannot check %s: fsck.%s not found\n",
 498                                 fs->device, fs->type);
 499                 return(1);
 500         }
 501
 502         /* We can and want to check this file system type. */
 503         return 0;
 504 }
 505
 506 /*
 507  * Return the "base device" given a particular device; this is used to
 508  * assure that we only fsck one partition on a particular drive at any
 509  * one time.  Otherwise, the disk heads will be seeking all over the
 510  * place.
 511  */
 512 static const char *base_device(char *device)
 513 {
 514         const char **base;
 515
 516         for (base = base_devices; *base; base++) {
 517                 if (!strncmp(*base, device, strlen(*base)))
 518                         return *base;
 519         }
 520         return device;
 521 }
 522
 523 /*
 524  * Returns TRUE if a partition on the same disk is already being
 525  * checked.
 526  */
 527 static int device_already_active(char *device)
 528 {
 529         struct fsck_instance *inst;
 530         const char *base;
 531
 532         base = base_device(device);
 533
 534         for (inst = instance_list; inst; inst = inst->next) {
 535                 if (!strcmp(base, base_device(inst->device)))
 536                         return 1;
 537         }
 538
 539         return 0;
 540 }
 541
 542 /* Check all file systems, using the /etc/fstab table. */
 543 static int check_all(NOARGS)
 544 {
 545         struct fs_info *fs;
 546         struct fsck_instance *inst;
 547         int status = EXIT_OK;
 548         int not_done_yet = 1;
 549         int passno = 0;
 550         int pass_done;
 551
 552         if (verbose)
 553                 printf("Checking all file systems.\n");
 554
 555         /*
 556          * Find and check the root filesystem first.
 557          */
 558         for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
 559                 if (!strcmp(fs->mountpt, "/"))
 560                         break;
 561         }
 562         if (fs && !skip_root && !ignore(fs)) {
 563                 fsck_device(fs->device);
 564                 fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
 565                 status |= wait_all();
 566                 if (status > EXIT_NONDESTRUCT)
 567                         return status;
 568         }
 569         if (fs) fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
 570
 571         /*
 572          * Mark filesystems that should be ignored as done.
 573          */
 574         for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
 575                 if (ignore(fs))
 576                         fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
 577         }
 578
 579         while (not_done_yet) {
 580                 not_done_yet = 0;
 581                 pass_done = 1;
 582
 583                 for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
 584                         if (fs->flags & FLAG_DONE)
 585                                 continue;
 586                         /*
 587                          * If the filesystem's pass number is higher
 588                          * than the current pass number, then we don't
 589                          * do it yet.
 590                          */
 591                         if (fs->passno > passno) {
 592                                 not_done_yet++;
 593                                 continue;
 594                         }
 595                         /*
 596                          * If a filesystem on a particular device has
 597                          * already been spawned, then we need to defer
 598                          * this to another pass.
 599                          */
 600                         if (device_already_active(fs->device)) {
 601                                 pass_done = 0;
 602                                 continue;
 603                         }
 604                         /*
 605                          * Spawn off the fsck process
 606                          */
 607                         fsck_device(fs->device);
 608                         fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
 609
 610                         if (serialize)
 611                                 break; /* Only do one filesystem at a time */
 612                 }
 613                 inst = wait_one();
 614                 if (inst) {
 615                         status |= inst->exit_status;
 616                         free_instance(inst);
 617                 }
 618                 if (pass_done) {
 619                         status |= wait_all();
 620                         if (verbose)
 621                                 printf("----------------------------------\n");
 622                         passno++;
 623                 } else
 624                         not_done_yet++;
 625         }
 626         status |= wait_all();
 627         return status;
 628 }
 629
 630 static void usage(NOARGS)
 631 {
 632         fprintf(stderr,
 633                 "Usage: fsck [-AV] [-t fstype] [fs-options] filesys\n");
 634         exit(EXIT_USAGE);
 635 }
 636
 637 static void PRS(int argc, char *argv[])
 638 {
 639         int     i, j;
 640         char    *arg;
 641         char    options[128];
 642         int     opt = 0;
 643         int     opts_for_fsck = 0;
 644
 645         num_devices = 0;
 646         num_args = 0;
 647         instance_list = 0;
 648
 649         progname = argv[0];
 650
 651         load_fs_info();
 652
 653         for (i=1; i < argc; i++) {
 654                 arg = argv[i];
 655                 if (!arg)
 656                         continue;
 657                 if (arg[0] == '/') {
 658                         if (num_devices >= MAX_DEVICES) {
 659                                 fprintf(stderr, "%s: too many devices\n",
 660                                         progname);
 661                                 exit(1);
 662                         }
 663                         devices[num_devices++] = strdup(arg);
 664                         continue;
 665                 }
 666                 if (arg[0] != '-') {
 667                         if (num_args >= MAX_ARGS) {
 668                                 fprintf(stderr, "%s: too many arguments\n",
 669                                         progname);
 670                                 exit(1);
 671                         }
 672                         args[num_args++] = strdup(arg);
 673                         continue;
 674                 }
 675                 for (j=1; arg[j]; j++) {
 676                         if (opts_for_fsck) {
 677                                 options[++opt] = arg[j];
 678                                 continue;
 679                         }
 680                         switch (arg[j]) {
 681                         case 'A':
 682                                 doall++;
 683                                 break;
 684                         case 'V':
 685                                 verbose++;
 686                                 break;
 687                         case 'N':
 688                                 noexecute++;
 689                                 break;
 690                         case 'R':
 691                                 skip_root++;
 692                                 break;
 693                         case 'T':
 694                                 notitle++;
 695                                 break;
 696                         case 'M':
 697                                 like_mount++;
 698                                 break;
 699                         case 's':
 700                                 serialize++;
 701                                 break;
 702                         case 't':
 703                                 if (arg[j+1]) {
 704                                         fstype = strdup(arg+j+1);
 705                                         goto next_arg;
 706                                 }
 707                                 if ((i+1) < argc) {
 708                                         i++;
 709                                         fstype = strdup(argv[i]);
 710                                         goto next_arg;
 711                                 }
 712                                 usage();
 713                                 break;
 714                         case '-':
 715                                 opts_for_fsck++;
 716                                 break;
 717                         default:
 718                                 options[++opt] = arg[j];
 719                                 break;
 720                         }
 721                 }
 722         next_arg:
 723                 if (opt) {
 724                         options[0] = '-';
 725                         options[++opt] = '\0';
 726                         if (num_args >= MAX_ARGS) {
 727                                 fprintf(stderr,
 728                                         "%s: too many arguments\n",
 729                                         progname);
 730                                 exit(1);
 731                         }
 732                         args[num_args++] = strdup(options);
 733                         opt = 0;
 734                 }
 735         }
 736 }
 737
 738 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 739 {
 740         int i;
 741         int status = 0;
 742         char *oldpath = getenv("PATH");
 743
 744         PRS(argc, argv);
 745
 746         if (!notitle)
 747                 printf("Parallelizing fsck version %s (%s)\n",
 748                         E2FSPROGS_VERSION, E2FSPROGS_DATE);
 749
 750         /* Update our search path to include uncommon directories. */
 751         if (oldpath) {
 752                 fsck_path = malloc (strlen (fsck_prefix_path) + 1 +
 753                                     strlen (oldpath) + 1);
 754                 strcpy (fsck_path, fsck_prefix_path);
 755                 strcat (fsck_path, ":");
 756                 strcat (fsck_path, oldpath);
 757         } else {
 758                 fsck_path = strdup(oldpath);
 759         }
 760
 761         /* If -A was specified ("check all"), do that! */
 762         if (doall)
 763                 return check_all();
 764
 765         for (i = 0 ; i < num_devices; i++) {
 766                 fsck_device(devices[i]);
 767                 if (serialize) {
 768                         struct fsck_instance *inst;
 769
 770                         inst = wait_one();
 771                         if (inst) {
 772                                 status |= inst->exit_status;
 773                                 free_instance(inst);
 774                         }
 775                 }
 776         }
 777         status |= wait_all();
 778         free(fsck_path);
 779         return status;
 780 }