sys-utils/lsns.c

   1 /*
   2  * lsns(8) - list system namespaces
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2015 Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
   5  *
   6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   7  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   8  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
   9  * (at your option) any later version.
  10  *
  11  * This program is distributed in the hope that it would be useful,
  12  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  14  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  15  *
  16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  17  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  18  * Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
  19  */
  20 #include <stdio.h>
  21 #include <string.h>
  22 #include <getopt.h>
  23 #include <stdlib.h>
  24 #include <assert.h>
  25 #include <dirent.h>
  26 #include <unistd.h>
  27 #include <sys/stat.h>
  28 #include <sys/types.h>
  29 #include <wchar.h>
  30 #include <libsmartcols.h>
  31 #include <libmount.h>
  32
  33 #ifdef HAVE_LINUX_NET_NAMESPACE_H
  34 #include <stdbool.h>
  35 #include <sys/socket.h>
  36 #include <linux/netlink.h>
  37 #include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
  38 #include <linux/net_namespace.h>
  39 #endif
  40
  41 #include "pathnames.h"
  42 #include "nls.h"
  43 #include "xalloc.h"
  44 #include "c.h"
  45 #include "list.h"
  46 #include "closestream.h"
  47 #include "optutils.h"
  48 #include "procutils.h"
  49 #include "strutils.h"
  50 #include "namespace.h"
  51 #include "idcache.h"
  52
  53 #include "debug.h"
  54
  55 static UL_DEBUG_DEFINE_MASK(lsns);
  56 UL_DEBUG_DEFINE_MASKNAMES(lsns) = UL_DEBUG_EMPTY_MASKNAMES;
  57
  58 #define LSNS_DEBUG_INIT         (1 << 1)
  59 #define LSNS_DEBUG_PROC         (1 << 2)
  60 #define LSNS_DEBUG_NS           (1 << 3)
  61 #define LSNS_DEBUG_ALL          0xFFFF
  62
  63 #define LSNS_NETNS_UNUSABLE -2
  64
  65 #define DBG(m, x)       __UL_DBG(lsns, LSNS_DEBUG_, m, x)
  66 #define ON_DBG(m, x)    __UL_DBG_CALL(lsns, LSNS_DEBUG_, m, x)
  67
  68 #define UL_DEBUG_CURRENT_MASK   UL_DEBUG_MASK(lsns)
  69 #include "debugobj.h"
  70
  71 static struct idcache *uid_cache = NULL;
  72
  73 /* column IDs */
  74 enum {
  75         COL_NS = 0,
  76         COL_TYPE,
  77         COL_PATH,
  78         COL_NPROCS,
  79         COL_PID,
  80         COL_PPID,
  81         COL_COMMAND,
  82         COL_UID,
  83         COL_USER,
  84         COL_NETNSID,
  85         COL_NSFS,
  86 };
  87
  88 /* column names */
  89 struct colinfo {
  90         const char *name; /* header */
  91         double     whint; /* width hint (N < 1 is in percent of termwidth) */
  92         int        flags; /* SCOLS_FL_* */
  93         const char *help;
  94         int        json_type;
  95 };
  96
  97 /* columns descriptions */
  98 static const struct colinfo infos[] = {
  99         [COL_NS]      = { "NS",     10, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, N_("namespace identifier (inode number)"), SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
 100         [COL_TYPE]    = { "TYPE",    5, 0, N_("kind of namespace") },
 101         [COL_PATH]    = { "PATH",    0, 0, N_("path to the namespace")},
 102         [COL_NPROCS]  = { "NPROCS",  5, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, N_("number of processes in the namespace"), SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
 103         [COL_PID]     = { "PID",     5, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, N_("lowest PID in the namespace"), SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
 104         [COL_PPID]    = { "PPID",    5, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, N_("PPID of the PID"), SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER },
 105         [COL_COMMAND] = { "COMMAND", 0, SCOLS_FL_TRUNC, N_("command line of the PID")},
 106         [COL_UID]     = { "UID",     0, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, N_("UID of the PID"), SCOLS_JSON_NUMBER},
 107         [COL_USER]    = { "USER",    0, 0, N_("username of the PID")},
 108         [COL_NETNSID] = { "NETNSID", 0, SCOLS_FL_RIGHT, N_("namespace ID as used by network subsystem")},
 109         [COL_NSFS]    = { "NSFS",    0, SCOLS_FL_WRAP, N_("nsfs mountpoint (usually used network subsystem)")}
 110 };
 111
 112 static int columns[ARRAY_SIZE(infos) * 2];
 113 static size_t ncolumns;
 114
 115 enum {
 116         LSNS_ID_MNT = 0,
 117         LSNS_ID_NET,
 118         LSNS_ID_PID,
 119         LSNS_ID_UTS,
 120         LSNS_ID_IPC,
 121         LSNS_ID_USER,
 122         LSNS_ID_CGROUP,
 123         LSNS_ID_TIME
 124 };
 125
 126 static char *ns_names[] = {
 127         [LSNS_ID_MNT] = "mnt",
 128         [LSNS_ID_NET] = "net",
 129         [LSNS_ID_PID] = "pid",
 130         [LSNS_ID_UTS] = "uts",
 131         [LSNS_ID_IPC] = "ipc",
 132         [LSNS_ID_USER] = "user",
 133         [LSNS_ID_CGROUP] = "cgroup",
 134         [LSNS_ID_TIME] = "time"
 135 };
 136
 137 struct lsns_namespace {
 138         ino_t id;
 139         int type;                       /* LSNS_* */
 140         int nprocs;
 141         int netnsid;
 142
 143         struct lsns_process *proc;
 144
 145         struct list_head namespaces;    /* lsns->processes member */
 146         struct list_head processes;     /* head of lsns_process *siblings */
 147 };
 148
 149 struct lsns_process {
 150         pid_t pid;              /* process PID */
 151         pid_t ppid;             /* parent's PID */
 152         pid_t tpid;             /* thread group */
 153         char state;
 154         uid_t uid;
 155
 156         ino_t            ns_ids[ARRAY_SIZE(ns_names)];
 157         struct list_head ns_siblings[ARRAY_SIZE(ns_names)];
 158
 159         struct list_head processes;     /* list of processes */
 160
 161         struct libscols_line *outline;
 162         struct lsns_process *parent;
 163
 164         int netnsid;
 165 };
 166
 167 struct lsns {
 168         struct list_head processes;
 169         struct list_head namespaces;
 170
 171         pid_t   fltr_pid;       /* filter out by PID */
 172         ino_t   fltr_ns;        /* filter out by namespace */
 173         int     fltr_types[ARRAY_SIZE(ns_names)];
 174         int     fltr_ntypes;
 175
 176         unsigned int raw        : 1,
 177                      json       : 1,
 178                      tree       : 1,
 179                      list       : 1,
 180                      no_trunc   : 1,
 181                      no_headings: 1,
 182                      no_wrap    : 1;
 183
 184         struct libmnt_table *tab;
 185 };
 186
 187 struct netnsid_cache {
 188         ino_t ino;
 189         int   id;
 190         struct list_head netnsids;
 191 };
 192
 193 static struct list_head netnsids_cache;
 194
 195 static int netlink_fd = -1;
 196
 197 static void lsns_init_debug(void)
 198 {
 199         __UL_INIT_DEBUG_FROM_ENV(lsns, LSNS_DEBUG_, 0, LSNS_DEBUG);
 200 }
 201
 202 static int ns_name2type(const char *name)
 203 {
 204         size_t i;
 205
 206         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ns_names); i++) {
 207                 if (strcmp(ns_names[i], name) == 0)
 208                         return i;
 209         }
 210         return -1;
 211 }
 212
 213 static int column_name_to_id(const char *name, size_t namesz)
 214 {
 215         size_t i;
 216
 217         assert(name);
 218
 219         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(infos); i++) {
 220                 const char *cn = infos[i].name;
 221
 222                 if (!strncasecmp(name, cn, namesz) && !*(cn + namesz))
 223                         return i;
 224         }
 225         warnx(_("unknown column: %s"), name);
 226         return -1;
 227 }
 228
 229 static int has_column(int id)
 230 {
 231         size_t i;
 232
 233         for (i = 0; i < ncolumns; i++) {
 234                 if (columns[i] == id)
 235                         return 1;
 236         }
 237         return 0;
 238 }
 239
 240 static inline int get_column_id(int num)
 241 {
 242         assert(num >= 0);
 243         assert((size_t) num < ncolumns);
 244         assert(columns[num] < (int) ARRAY_SIZE(infos));
 245
 246         return columns[num];
 247 }
 248
 249 static inline const struct colinfo *get_column_info(unsigned num)
 250 {
 251         return &infos[ get_column_id(num) ];
 252 }
 253
 254 static int get_ns_ino(int dir, const char *nsname, ino_t *ino)
 255 {
 256         struct stat st;
 257         char path[16];
 258
 259         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "ns/%s", nsname);
 260
 261         if (fstatat(dir, path, &st, 0) != 0)
 262                 return -errno;
 263         *ino = st.st_ino;
 264         return 0;
 265 }
 266
 267 static int parse_proc_stat(FILE *fp, pid_t *pid, char *state, pid_t *ppid)
 268 {
 269         char *line = NULL, *p;
 270         size_t len = 0;
 271         int rc;
 272
 273         if (getline(&line, &len, fp) < 0) {
 274                 rc = -errno;
 275                 goto error;
 276         }
 277
 278         p = strrchr(line, ')');
 279         if (p == NULL ||
 280             sscanf(line, "%d (", pid) != 1 ||
 281             sscanf(p, ") %c %d*[^\n]", state, ppid) != 2) {
 282                 rc = -EINVAL;
 283                 goto error;
 284         }
 285         rc = 0;
 286
 287 error:
 288         free(line);
 289         return rc;
 290 }
 291
 292 #ifdef HAVE_LINUX_NET_NAMESPACE_H
 293 static int netnsid_cache_find(ino_t netino, int *netnsid)
 294 {
 295         struct list_head *p;
 296
 297         list_for_each(p, &netnsids_cache) {
 298                 struct netnsid_cache *e = list_entry(p,
 299                                                      struct netnsid_cache,
 300                                                      netnsids);
 301                 if (e->ino == netino) {
 302                         *netnsid = e->id;
 303                         return 1;
 304                 }
 305         }
 306
 307         return 0;
 308 }
 309
 310 static void netnsid_cache_add(ino_t netino, int netnsid)
 311 {
 312         struct netnsid_cache *e;
 313
 314         e = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*e));
 315         e->ino = netino;
 316         e->id  = netnsid;
 317         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&e->netnsids);
 318         list_add(&e->netnsids, &netnsids_cache);
 319 }
 320
 321 static int get_netnsid_via_netlink_send_request(int target_fd)
 322 {
 323         unsigned char req[NLMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct rtgenmsg))
 324                           + RTA_SPACE(sizeof(int32_t))];
 325
 326         struct nlmsghdr *nlh = (struct nlmsghdr *)req;
 327         struct rtgenmsg *rt = NLMSG_DATA(req);
 328         struct rtattr *rta = (struct rtattr *)
 329                 (req + NLMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct rtgenmsg)));
 330         int32_t *fd = RTA_DATA(rta);
 331
 332         nlh->nlmsg_len = sizeof(req);
 333         nlh->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
 334         nlh->nlmsg_type = RTM_GETNSID;
 335         rt->rtgen_family = AF_UNSPEC;
 336         rta->rta_type = NETNSA_FD;
 337         rta->rta_len = RTA_SPACE(sizeof(int32_t));
 338         *fd = target_fd;
 339
 340         if (send(netlink_fd, req, sizeof(req), 0) < 0)
 341                 return -1;
 342         return 0;
 343 }
 344
 345 static int get_netnsid_via_netlink_recv_response(int *netnsid)
 346 {
 347         unsigned char res[NLMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct rtgenmsg))
 348                           + ((RTA_SPACE(sizeof(int32_t))
 349                               < RTA_SPACE(sizeof(struct nlmsgerr)))
 350                              ? RTA_SPACE(sizeof(struct nlmsgerr))
 351                              : RTA_SPACE(sizeof(int32_t)))];
 352         int rtalen;
 353         ssize_t reslen;
 354
 355         struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
 356         struct rtattr *rta;
 357
 358         reslen = recv(netlink_fd, res, sizeof(res), 0);
 359         if (reslen < 0)
 360                 return -1;
 361
 362         nlh = (struct nlmsghdr *)res;
 363         if (!(NLMSG_OK(nlh, (size_t)reslen)
 364               && nlh->nlmsg_type == RTM_NEWNSID))
 365                 return -1;
 366
 367         rtalen = NLMSG_PAYLOAD(nlh, sizeof(struct rtgenmsg));
 368         rta = (struct rtattr *)(res + NLMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct rtgenmsg)));
 369         if (!(RTA_OK(rta, rtalen)
 370               && rta->rta_type == NETNSA_NSID))
 371                 return -1;
 372
 373         *netnsid = *(int *)RTA_DATA(rta);
 374
 375         return 0;
 376 }
 377
 378 static int get_netnsid_via_netlink(int dir, const char *path)
 379 {
 380         int netnsid;
 381         int target_fd;
 382
 383         if (netlink_fd < 0)
 384                 return LSNS_NETNS_UNUSABLE;
 385
 386         target_fd = openat(dir, path, O_RDONLY);
 387         if (target_fd < 0)
 388                 return LSNS_NETNS_UNUSABLE;
 389
 390         if (get_netnsid_via_netlink_send_request(target_fd) < 0) {
 391                 netnsid = LSNS_NETNS_UNUSABLE;
 392                 goto out;
 393         }
 394
 395         if (get_netnsid_via_netlink_recv_response(&netnsid) < 0) {
 396                 netnsid = LSNS_NETNS_UNUSABLE;
 397                 goto out;
 398         }
 399
 400  out:
 401         close(target_fd);
 402         return netnsid;
 403 }
 404
 405 static int get_netnsid(int dir, ino_t netino)
 406 {
 407         int netnsid;
 408
 409         if (!netnsid_cache_find(netino, &netnsid)) {
 410                 netnsid = get_netnsid_via_netlink(dir, "ns/net");
 411                 netnsid_cache_add(netino, netnsid);
 412         }
 413
 414         return netnsid;
 415 }
 416 #else
 417 static int get_netnsid(int dir __attribute__((__unused__)),
 418                        ino_t netino __attribute__((__unused__)))
 419 {
 420         return LSNS_NETNS_UNUSABLE;
 421 }
 422 #endif /* HAVE_LINUX_NET_NAMESPACE_H */
 423
 424 static int read_process(struct lsns *ls, pid_t pid)
 425 {
 426         struct lsns_process *p = NULL;
 427         char buf[BUFSIZ];
 428         DIR *dir;
 429         int rc = 0, fd;
 430         FILE *f = NULL;
 431         size_t i;
 432         struct stat st;
 433
 434         DBG(PROC, ul_debug("reading %d", (int) pid));
 435
 436         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/proc/%d", pid);
 437         dir = opendir(buf);
 438         if (!dir)
 439                 return -errno;
 440
 441         p = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*p));
 442         p->netnsid = LSNS_NETNS_UNUSABLE;
 443
 444         if (fstat(dirfd(dir), &st) == 0) {
 445                 p->uid = st.st_uid;
 446                 add_uid(uid_cache, st.st_uid);
 447         }
 448
 449         fd = openat(dirfd(dir), "stat", O_RDONLY);
 450         if (fd < 0) {
 451                 rc = -errno;
 452                 goto done;
 453         }
 454         if (!(f = fdopen(fd, "r"))) {
 455                 rc = -errno;
 456                 goto done;
 457         }
 458         rc = parse_proc_stat(f, &p->pid, &p->state, &p->ppid);
 459         if (rc < 0)
 460                 goto done;
 461         rc = 0;
 462
 463         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(p->ns_ids); i++) {
 464                 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->ns_siblings[i]);
 465
 466                 if (!ls->fltr_types[i])
 467                         continue;
 468
 469                 rc = get_ns_ino(dirfd(dir), ns_names[i], &p->ns_ids[i]);
 470                 if (rc && rc != -EACCES && rc != -ENOENT)
 471                         goto done;
 472                 if (i == LSNS_ID_NET)
 473                         p->netnsid = get_netnsid(dirfd(dir), p->ns_ids[i]);
 474                 rc = 0;
 475         }
 476
 477         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->processes);
 478
 479         DBG(PROC, ul_debugobj(p, "new pid=%d", p->pid));
 480         list_add_tail(&p->processes, &ls->processes);
 481 done:
 482         if (f)
 483                 fclose(f);
 484         closedir(dir);
 485         if (rc)
 486                 free(p);
 487         return rc;
 488 }
 489
 490 static int read_processes(struct lsns *ls)
 491 {
 492         struct proc_processes *proc = NULL;
 493         pid_t pid;
 494         int rc = 0;
 495
 496         DBG(PROC, ul_debug("opening /proc"));
 497
 498         if (!(proc = proc_open_processes())) {
 499                 rc = -errno;
 500                 goto done;
 501         }
 502
 503         while (proc_next_pid(proc, &pid) == 0) {
 504                 rc = read_process(ls, pid);
 505                 if (rc && rc != -EACCES && rc != -ENOENT)
 506                         break;
 507                 rc = 0;
 508         }
 509 done:
 510         DBG(PROC, ul_debug("closing /proc"));
 511         proc_close_processes(proc);
 512         return rc;
 513 }
 514
 515 static struct lsns_namespace *get_namespace(struct lsns *ls, ino_t ino)
 516 {
 517         struct list_head *p;
 518
 519         list_for_each(p, &ls->namespaces) {
 520                 struct lsns_namespace *ns = list_entry(p, struct lsns_namespace, namespaces);
 521
 522                 if (ns->id == ino)
 523                         return ns;
 524         }
 525         return NULL;
 526 }
 527
 528 static int namespace_has_process(struct lsns_namespace *ns, pid_t pid)
 529 {
 530         struct list_head *p;
 531
 532         list_for_each(p, &ns->processes) {
 533                 struct lsns_process *proc = list_entry(p, struct lsns_process, ns_siblings[ns->type]);
 534
 535                 if (proc->pid == pid)
 536                         return 1;
 537         }
 538         return 0;
 539 }
 540
 541 static struct lsns_namespace *add_namespace(struct lsns *ls, int type, ino_t ino)
 542 {
 543         struct lsns_namespace *ns = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ns));
 544
 545         if (!ns)
 546                 return NULL;
 547
 548         DBG(NS, ul_debugobj(ns, "new %s[%ju]", ns_names[type], (uintmax_t)ino));
 549
 550         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ns->processes);
 551         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ns->namespaces);
 552
 553         ns->type = type;
 554         ns->id = ino;
 555
 556         list_add_tail(&ns->namespaces, &ls->namespaces);
 557         return ns;
 558 }
 559
 560 static int add_process_to_namespace(struct lsns *ls, struct lsns_namespace *ns, struct lsns_process *proc)
 561 {
 562         struct list_head *p;
 563
 564         DBG(NS, ul_debugobj(ns, "add process [%p] pid=%d to %s[%ju]",
 565                 proc, proc->pid, ns_names[ns->type], (uintmax_t)ns->id));
 566
 567         list_for_each(p, &ls->processes) {
 568                 struct lsns_process *xproc = list_entry(p, struct lsns_process, processes);
 569
 570                 if (xproc->pid == proc->ppid)           /* my parent */
 571                         proc->parent = xproc;
 572                 else if (xproc->ppid == proc->pid)      /* my child */
 573                         xproc->parent = proc;
 574         }
 575
 576         list_add_tail(&proc->ns_siblings[ns->type], &ns->processes);
 577         ns->nprocs++;
 578
 579         if (!ns->proc || ns->proc->pid > proc->pid)
 580                 ns->proc = proc;
 581
 582         return 0;
 583 }
 584
 585 static int cmp_namespaces(struct list_head *a, struct list_head *b,
 586                           __attribute__((__unused__)) void *data)
 587 {
 588         struct lsns_namespace *xa = list_entry(a, struct lsns_namespace, namespaces),
 589                               *xb = list_entry(b, struct lsns_namespace, namespaces);
 590
 591         return cmp_numbers(xa->id, xb->id);
 592 }
 593
 594 static int netnsid_xasputs(char **str, int netnsid)
 595 {
 596         if (netnsid >= 0)
 597                 return xasprintf(str, "%d", netnsid);
 598 #ifdef NETNSA_NSID_NOT_ASSIGNED
 599         if (netnsid == NETNSA_NSID_NOT_ASSIGNED)
 600                 return xasprintf(str, "%s", "unassigned");
 601 #endif
 602         return 0;
 603 }
 604
 605 static int read_namespaces(struct lsns *ls)
 606 {
 607         struct list_head *p;
 608
 609         DBG(NS, ul_debug("reading namespace"));
 610
 611         list_for_each(p, &ls->processes) {
 612                 size_t i;
 613                 struct lsns_namespace *ns;
 614                 struct lsns_process *proc = list_entry(p, struct lsns_process, processes);
 615
 616                 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(proc->ns_ids); i++) {
 617                         if (proc->ns_ids[i] == 0)
 618                                 continue;
 619                         if (!(ns = get_namespace(ls, proc->ns_ids[i]))) {
 620                                 ns = add_namespace(ls, i, proc->ns_ids[i]);
 621                                 if (!ns)
 622                                         return -ENOMEM;
 623                         }
 624                         add_process_to_namespace(ls, ns, proc);
 625                 }
 626         }
 627
 628         list_sort(&ls->namespaces, cmp_namespaces, NULL);
 629
 630         return 0;
 631 }
 632
 633 static int is_nsfs_root(struct libmnt_fs *fs, void *data)
 634 {
 635         if (!mnt_fs_match_fstype(fs, "nsfs") || !mnt_fs_get_root(fs))
 636                 return 0;
 637
 638         return (strcmp(mnt_fs_get_root(fs), (char *)data) == 0);
 639 }
 640
 641 static int is_path_included(const char *path_set, const char *elt,
 642                               const char sep)
 643 {
 644         size_t elt_len;
 645         size_t path_set_len;
 646         char *tmp;
 647
 648
 649         tmp = strstr(path_set, elt);
 650         if (!tmp)
 651                 return 0;
 652
 653         elt_len = strlen(elt);
 654         path_set_len = strlen(path_set);
 655
 656         /* path_set includes only elt or
 657          * path_set includes elt as the first element.
 658          */
 659         if (tmp == path_set
 660             && ((path_set_len == elt_len)
 661                 || (path_set[elt_len] == sep)))
 662                 return 1;
 663
 664         /* path_set includes elt at the middle
 665          * or as the last element.
 666          */
 667         if ((*(tmp - 1) == sep)
 668             && ((*(tmp + elt_len) == sep)
 669                 || (*(tmp + elt_len) == '\0')))
 670                 return 1;
 671
 672         return 0;
 673 }
 674
 675 static int nsfs_xasputs(char **str,
 676                         struct lsns_namespace *ns,
 677                         struct libmnt_table *tab,
 678                         char sep)
 679 {
 680         struct libmnt_iter *itr = mnt_new_iter(MNT_ITER_FORWARD);
 681         char *expected_root;
 682         struct libmnt_fs *fs = NULL;
 683
 684         xasprintf(&expected_root, "%s:[%ju]", ns_names[ns->type], (uintmax_t)ns->id);
 685         *str = NULL;
 686
 687         while (mnt_table_find_next_fs(tab, itr, is_nsfs_root,
 688                                       expected_root, &fs) == 0) {
 689
 690                 const char *tgt = mnt_fs_get_target(fs);
 691
 692                 if (!*str)
 693                         xasprintf(str, "%s", tgt);
 694
 695                 else if (!is_path_included(*str, tgt, sep)) {
 696                         char *tmp = NULL;
 697
 698                         xasprintf(&tmp, "%s%c%s", *str, sep, tgt);
 699                         free(*str);
 700                         *str = tmp;
 701                 }
 702         }
 703         free(expected_root);
 704         mnt_free_iter(itr);
 705
 706         return 1;
 707 }
 708 static void add_scols_line(struct lsns *ls, struct libscols_table *table,
 709                            struct lsns_namespace *ns, struct lsns_process *proc)
 710 {
 711         size_t i;
 712         struct libscols_line *line;
 713
 714         assert(ns);
 715         assert(table);
 716
 717         line = scols_table_new_line(table,
 718                         ls->tree && proc->parent ? proc->parent->outline : NULL);
 719         if (!line) {
 720                 warn(_("failed to add line to output"));
 721                 return;
 722         }
 723
 724         for (i = 0; i < ncolumns; i++) {
 725                 char *str = NULL;
 726
 727                 switch (get_column_id(i)) {
 728                 case COL_NS:
 729                         xasprintf(&str, "%ju", (uintmax_t)ns->id);
 730                         break;
 731                 case COL_PID:
 732                         xasprintf(&str, "%d", (int) proc->pid);
 733                         break;
 734                 case COL_PPID:
 735                         xasprintf(&str, "%d", (int) proc->ppid);
 736                         break;
 737                 case COL_TYPE:
 738                         xasprintf(&str, "%s", ns_names[ns->type]);
 739                         break;
 740                 case COL_NPROCS:
 741                         xasprintf(&str, "%d", ns->nprocs);
 742                         break;
 743                 case COL_COMMAND:
 744                         str = proc_get_command(proc->pid);
 745                         if (!str)
 746                                 str = proc_get_command_name(proc->pid);
 747                         break;
 748                 case COL_PATH:
 749                         xasprintf(&str, "/proc/%d/ns/%s", (int) proc->pid, ns_names[ns->type]);
 750                         break;
 751                 case COL_UID:
 752                         xasprintf(&str, "%d", (int) proc->uid);
 753                         break;
 754                 case COL_USER:
 755                         xasprintf(&str, "%s", get_id(uid_cache, proc->uid)->name);
 756                         break;
 757                 case COL_NETNSID:
 758                         if (ns->type == LSNS_ID_NET)
 759                                 netnsid_xasputs(&str, proc->netnsid);
 760                         break;
 761                 case COL_NSFS:
 762                         nsfs_xasputs(&str, ns, ls->tab, ls->no_wrap ? ',' : '\n');
 763                         break;
 764                 default:
 765                         break;
 766                 }
 767
 768                 if (str && scols_line_refer_data(line, i, str) != 0)
 769                         err_oom();
 770         }
 771
 772         proc->outline = line;
 773 }
 774
 775 static struct libscols_table *init_scols_table(struct lsns *ls)
 776 {
 777         struct libscols_table *tab;
 778         size_t i;
 779
 780         tab = scols_new_table();
 781         if (!tab) {
 782                 warn(_("failed to initialize output table"));
 783                 return NULL;
 784         }
 785
 786         scols_table_enable_raw(tab, ls->raw);
 787         scols_table_enable_json(tab, ls->json);
 788         scols_table_enable_noheadings(tab, ls->no_headings);
 789
 790         if (ls->json)
 791                 scols_table_set_name(tab, "namespaces");
 792
 793         for (i = 0; i < ncolumns; i++) {
 794                 const struct colinfo *col = get_column_info(i);
 795                 int flags = col->flags;
 796                 struct libscols_column *cl;
 797
 798                 if (ls->no_trunc)
 799                        flags &= ~SCOLS_FL_TRUNC;
 800                 if (ls->tree && get_column_id(i) == COL_COMMAND)
 801                         flags |= SCOLS_FL_TREE;
 802                 if (ls->no_wrap)
 803                         flags &= ~SCOLS_FL_WRAP;
 804
 805                 cl = scols_table_new_column(tab, col->name, col->whint, flags);
 806                 if (cl == NULL) {
 807                         warnx(_("failed to initialize output column"));
 808                         goto err;
 809                 }
 810                 if (ls->json)
 811                         scols_column_set_json_type(cl, col->json_type);
 812
 813                 if (!ls->no_wrap && get_column_id(i) == COL_NSFS) {
 814                         scols_column_set_wrapfunc(cl,
 815                                                   scols_wrapnl_chunksize,
 816                                                   scols_wrapnl_nextchunk,
 817                                                   NULL);
 818                         scols_column_set_safechars(cl, "\n");
 819                 }
 820         }
 821
 822         return tab;
 823 err:
 824         scols_unref_table(tab);
 825         return NULL;
 826 }
 827
 828 static int show_namespaces(struct lsns *ls)
 829 {
 830         struct libscols_table *tab;
 831         struct list_head *p;
 832         int rc = 0;
 833
 834         tab = init_scols_table(ls);
 835         if (!tab)
 836                 return -ENOMEM;
 837
 838         list_for_each(p, &ls->namespaces) {
 839                 struct lsns_namespace *ns = list_entry(p, struct lsns_namespace, namespaces);
 840
 841                 if (ls->fltr_pid != 0 && !namespace_has_process(ns, ls->fltr_pid))
 842                         continue;
 843
 844                 add_scols_line(ls, tab, ns, ns->proc);
 845         }
 846
 847         scols_print_table(tab);
 848         scols_unref_table(tab);
 849         return rc;
 850 }
 851
 852 static void show_process(struct lsns *ls, struct libscols_table *tab,
 853                          struct lsns_process *proc, struct lsns_namespace *ns)
 854 {
 855         /*
 856          * create a tree from parent->child relation, but only if the parent is
 857          * within the same namespace
 858          */
 859         if (ls->tree
 860             && proc->parent
 861             && !proc->parent->outline
 862             && proc->parent->ns_ids[ns->type] == proc->ns_ids[ns->type])
 863                 show_process(ls, tab, proc->parent, ns);
 864
 865         add_scols_line(ls, tab, ns, proc);
 866 }
 867
 868
 869 static int show_namespace_processes(struct lsns *ls, struct lsns_namespace *ns)
 870 {
 871         struct libscols_table *tab;
 872         struct list_head *p;
 873
 874         tab = init_scols_table(ls);
 875         if (!tab)
 876                 return -ENOMEM;
 877
 878         list_for_each(p, &ns->processes) {
 879                 struct lsns_process *proc = list_entry(p, struct lsns_process, ns_siblings[ns->type]);
 880
 881                 if (!proc->outline)
 882                         show_process(ls, tab, proc, ns);
 883         }
 884
 885
 886         scols_print_table(tab);
 887         scols_unref_table(tab);
 888         return 0;
 889 }
 890
 891 static void __attribute__((__noreturn__)) usage(void)
 892 {
 893         FILE *out = stdout;
 894         size_t i;
 895
 896         fputs(USAGE_HEADER, out);
 897
 898         fprintf(out,
 899                 _(" %s [options] [<namespace>]\n"), program_invocation_short_name);
 900
 901         fputs(USAGE_SEPARATOR, out);
 902         fputs(_("List system namespaces.\n"), out);
 903
 904         fputs(USAGE_OPTIONS, out);
 905         fputs(_(" -J, --json             use JSON output format\n"), out);
 906         fputs(_(" -l, --list             use list format output\n"), out);
 907         fputs(_(" -n, --noheadings       don't print headings\n"), out);
 908         fputs(_(" -o, --output <list>    define which output columns to use\n"), out);
 909         fputs(_("     --output-all       output all columns\n"), out);
 910         fputs(_(" -p, --task <pid>       print process namespaces\n"), out);
 911         fputs(_(" -r, --raw              use the raw output format\n"), out);
 912         fputs(_(" -u, --notruncate       don't truncate text in columns\n"), out);
 913         fputs(_(" -W, --nowrap           don't use multi-line representation\n"), out);
 914         fputs(_(" -t, --type <name>      namespace type (mnt, net, ipc, user, pid, uts, cgroup, time)\n"), out);
 915
 916         fputs(USAGE_SEPARATOR, out);
 917         printf(USAGE_HELP_OPTIONS(24));
 918
 919         fputs(USAGE_COLUMNS, out);
 920         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(infos); i++)
 921                 fprintf(out, " %11s  %s\n", infos[i].name, _(infos[i].help));
 922
 923         printf(USAGE_MAN_TAIL("lsns(8)"));
 924
 925         exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 926 }
 927
 928
 929 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 930 {
 931         struct lsns ls;
 932         int c;
 933         int r = 0;
 934         char *outarg = NULL;
 935         enum {
 936                 OPT_OUTPUT_ALL = CHAR_MAX + 1
 937         };
 938         static const struct option long_opts[] = {
 939                 { "json",       no_argument,       NULL, 'J' },
 940                 { "task",       required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
 941                 { "help",       no_argument,       NULL, 'h' },
 942                 { "output",     required_argument, NULL, 'o' },
 943                 { "output-all", no_argument,       NULL, OPT_OUTPUT_ALL },
 944                 { "notruncate", no_argument,       NULL, 'u' },
 945                 { "version",    no_argument,       NULL, 'V' },
 946                 { "noheadings", no_argument,       NULL, 'n' },
 947                 { "nowrap",     no_argument,       NULL, 'W' },
 948                 { "list",       no_argument,       NULL, 'l' },
 949                 { "raw",        no_argument,       NULL, 'r' },
 950                 { "type",       required_argument, NULL, 't' },
 951                 { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
 952         };
 953
 954         static const ul_excl_t excl[] = {       /* rows and cols in ASCII order */
 955                 { 'J','r' },
 956                 { 0 }
 957         };
 958         int excl_st[ARRAY_SIZE(excl)] = UL_EXCL_STATUS_INIT;
 959         int is_net = 0;
 960
 961         setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
 962         bindtextdomain(PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
 963         textdomain(PACKAGE);
 964         close_stdout_atexit();
 965
 966         lsns_init_debug();
 967         memset(&ls, 0, sizeof(ls));
 968
 969         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ls.processes);
 970         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ls.namespaces);
 971         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&netnsids_cache);
 972
 973         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv,
 974                                 "Jlp:o:nruhVt:W", long_opts, NULL)) != -1) {
 975
 976                 err_exclusive_options(c, long_opts, excl, excl_st);
 977
 978                 switch(c) {
 979                 case 'J':
 980                         ls.json = 1;
 981                         break;
 982                 case 'l':
 983                         ls.list = 1;
 984                         break;
 985                 case 'o':
 986                         outarg = optarg;
 987                         break;
 988                 case OPT_OUTPUT_ALL:
 989                         for (ncolumns = 0; ncolumns < ARRAY_SIZE(infos); ncolumns++)
 990                                 columns[ncolumns] = ncolumns;
 991                         break;
 992                 case 'p':
 993                         ls.fltr_pid = strtos32_or_err(optarg, _("invalid PID argument"));
 994                         break;
 995                 case 'n':
 996                         ls.no_headings = 1;
 997                         break;
 998                 case 'r':
 999                         ls.no_wrap = ls.raw = 1;
1000                         break;
1001                 case 'u':
1002                         ls.no_trunc = 1;
1003                         break;
1004                 case 't':
1005                 {
1006                         int type = ns_name2type(optarg);
1007                         if (type < 0)
1008                                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("unknown namespace type: %s"), optarg);
1009                         ls.fltr_types[type] = 1;
1010                         ls.fltr_ntypes++;
1011                         if (type == LSNS_ID_NET)
1012                                 is_net = 1;
1013                         break;
1014                 }
1015                 case 'W':
1016                         ls.no_wrap = 1;
1017                         break;
1018
1019                 case 'h':
1020                         usage();
1021                 case 'V':
1022                         print_version(EXIT_SUCCESS);
1023                 default:
1024                         errtryhelp(EXIT_FAILURE);
1025                 }
1026         }
1027
1028         if (!ls.fltr_ntypes) {
1029                 size_t i;
1030
1031                 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ns_names); i++)
1032                         ls.fltr_types[i] = 1;
1033         }
1034
1035         if (optind < argc) {
1036                 if (ls.fltr_pid)
1037                         errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("--task is mutually exclusive with <namespace>"));
1038                 ls.fltr_ns = strtou64_or_err(argv[optind], _("invalid namespace argument"));
1039                 ls.tree = ls.list ? 0 : 1;
1040
1041                 if (!ncolumns) {
1042                         columns[ncolumns++] = COL_PID;
1043                         columns[ncolumns++] = COL_PPID;
1044                         columns[ncolumns++] = COL_USER;
1045                         columns[ncolumns++] = COL_COMMAND;
1046                 }
1047         }
1048
1049         if (!ncolumns) {
1050                 columns[ncolumns++] = COL_NS;
1051                 columns[ncolumns++] = COL_TYPE;
1052                 columns[ncolumns++] = COL_NPROCS;
1053                 columns[ncolumns++] = COL_PID;
1054                 columns[ncolumns++] = COL_USER;
1055                 if (is_net) {
1056                         columns[ncolumns++] = COL_NETNSID;
1057                         columns[ncolumns++] = COL_NSFS;
1058                 }
1059                 columns[ncolumns++] = COL_COMMAND;
1060         }
1061
1062         if (outarg && string_add_to_idarray(outarg, columns, ARRAY_SIZE(columns),
1063                                   &ncolumns, column_name_to_id) < 0)
1064                 return EXIT_FAILURE;
1065
1066         scols_init_debug(0);
1067
1068         uid_cache = new_idcache();
1069         if (!uid_cache)
1070                 err(EXIT_FAILURE, _("failed to allocate UID cache"));
1071
1072 #ifdef HAVE_LINUX_NET_NAMESPACE_H
1073         if (has_column(COL_NETNSID))
1074                 netlink_fd = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_ROUTE);
1075 #endif
1076         if (has_column(COL_NSFS)) {
1077                 ls.tab = mnt_new_table_from_file(_PATH_PROC_MOUNTINFO);
1078                 if (!ls.tab)
1079                         err(MNT_EX_FAIL, _("failed to parse %s"), _PATH_PROC_MOUNTINFO);
1080         }
1081
1082         r = read_processes(&ls);
1083         if (!r)
1084                 r = read_namespaces(&ls);
1085         if (!r) {
1086                 if (ls.fltr_ns) {
1087                         struct lsns_namespace *ns = get_namespace(&ls, ls.fltr_ns);
1088
1089                         if (!ns)
1090                                 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, _("not found namespace: %ju"), (uintmax_t) ls.fltr_ns);
1091                         r = show_namespace_processes(&ls, ns);
1092                 } else
1093                         r = show_namespaces(&ls);
1094         }
1095
1096         mnt_free_table(ls.tab);
1097         if (netlink_fd >= 0)
1098                 close(netlink_fd);
1099         free_idcache(uid_cache);
1100         return r == 0 ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE;
1101 }