1 .TH NSENTER 1 "June 2013" "util-linux" "User Commands"
3 nsenter \- run program with namespaces of other processes
10 Enters the namespaces of one or more other processes and then executes the specified
11 \fIprogram\fP. If \fIprogram\fP is not given, then ``${SHELL}'' is run (default: /bin\:/sh).
13 Enterable namespaces are:
16 Mounting and unmounting filesystems will not affect the rest of the system,
17 except for filesystems which are explicitly marked as shared (with
18 \fBmount --make-\:shared\fP; see \fI/proc\:/self\:/mountinfo\fP for the
20 For further details, see
21 .BR mount_namespaces (7)
22 and the discussion of the
28 Setting hostname or domainname will not affect the rest of the system.
29 For further details, see
31 and the discussion of the
37 The process will have an independent namespace for POSIX message queues
38 as well as System V message queues,
39 semaphore sets and shared memory segments.
40 For further details, see
42 and the discussion of the
48 The process will have independent IPv4 and IPv6 stacks, IP routing tables,
53 directory trees, sockets, etc.
54 For further details, see
56 and the discussion of the
62 Children will have a set of PID to process mappings separate from the
66 will fork by default if changing the PID namespace, so that the new program
67 and its children share the same PID namespace and are visible to each other.
68 If \fB\-\-no\-fork\fP is used, the new program will be exec'ed without forking.
69 For further details, see
70 .BR pid_namespaces (7)
78 The process will have a distinct set of UIDs, GIDs and capabilities.
79 For further details, see
80 .BR user_namespaces (7)
81 and the discussion of the
87 The process will have a virtualized view of \fI/proc\:/self\:/cgroup\fP, and new
88 cgroup mounts will be rooted at the namespace cgroup root.
89 For further details, see
90 .BR cgroup_namespaces (7)
91 and the discussion of the
97 The process can have a distinct view of
101 which can be changed using \fI/proc/self/timens_offsets\fP.
103 See \fBclone\fP(2) for the exact semantics of the flags.
105 Various of the options below that relate to namespaces take an optional
108 This should be one of the
113 \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR
114 Enter all namespaces of the target process by the default
116 namespace paths. The default paths to the target process namespaces may be
117 overwritten by namespace specific options (e.g., --all --mount=[path]).
119 The user namespace will be ignored if the same as the caller's current user
120 namespace. It prevents a caller that has dropped capabilities from regaining
121 those capabilities via a call to setns(). See
125 \fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-target\fR \fIpid\fP
126 Specify a target process to get contexts from. The paths to the contexts
134 /proc/\fIpid\fR/ns/mnt
137 /proc/\fIpid\fR/ns/uts
140 /proc/\fIpid\fR/ns/ipc
143 /proc/\fIpid\fR/ns/net
144 the network namespace
146 /proc/\fIpid\fR/ns/pid
149 /proc/\fIpid\fR/ns/user
152 /proc/\fIpid\fR/ns/cgroup
155 /proc/\fIpid\fR/ns/time
162 the working directory respectively
166 \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mount\fR[=\fIfile\fR]
167 Enter the mount namespace. If no file is specified, enter the mount namespace
168 of the target process.
171 is specified, enter the mount namespace
175 \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-uts\fR[=\fIfile\fR]
176 Enter the UTS namespace. If no file is specified, enter the UTS namespace of
180 is specified, enter the UTS namespace specified by
183 \fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-ipc\fR[=\fIfile\fR]
184 Enter the IPC namespace. If no file is specified, enter the IPC namespace of
188 is specified, enter the IPC namespace specified by
191 \fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-net\fR[=\fIfile\fR]
192 Enter the network namespace. If no file is specified, enter the network
193 namespace of the target process.
196 is specified, enter the network namespace specified by
199 \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-pid\fR[=\fIfile\fR]
200 Enter the PID namespace. If no file is specified, enter the PID namespace of
204 is specified, enter the PID namespace specified by
207 \fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR[=\fIfile\fR]
208 Enter the user namespace. If no file is specified, enter the user namespace of
212 is specified, enter the user namespace specified by
214 See also the \fB\-\-setuid\fR and \fB\-\-setgid\fR options.
216 \fB\-C\fR, \fB\-\-cgroup\fR[=\fIfile\fR]
217 Enter the cgroup namespace. If no file is specified, enter the cgroup namespace of
221 is specified, enter the cgroup namespace specified by
224 \fB\-T\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR[=\fIfile\fR]
225 Enter the time namespace. If no file is specified, enter the time namespace of
229 is specified, enter the time namespace specified by
232 \fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-setgid\fR \fIgid\fR
233 Set the group ID which will be used in the entered namespace and drop
234 supplementary groups.
236 always sets GID for user namespaces, the default is 0.
238 \fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-setuid\fR \fIuid\fR
239 Set the user ID which will be used in the entered namespace.
241 always sets UID for user namespaces, the default is 0.
243 \fB\-\-preserve\-credentials\fR
244 Don't modify UID and GID when enter user namespace. The default is to
245 drops supplementary groups and sets GID and UID to 0.
247 \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR[=\fIdirectory\fR]
248 Set the root directory. If no directory is specified, set the root directory to
249 the root directory of the target process. If directory is specified, set the
250 root directory to the specified directory.
252 \fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-wd\fR[=\fIdirectory\fR]
253 Set the working directory. If no directory is specified, set the working
254 directory to the working directory of the target process. If directory is
255 specified, set the working directory to the specified directory.
257 \fB\-F\fR, \fB\-\-no\-fork\fR
258 Do not fork before exec'ing the specified program. By default, when entering a
259 PID namespace, \fBnsenter\fP calls \fBfork\fP before calling \fBexec\fP so that
260 any children will also be in the newly entered PID namespace.
262 \fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-follow\-context\fR
263 Set the SELinux security context used for executing a new process according to
264 already running process specified by \fB\-\-target\fR PID. (The util-linux has
265 to be compiled with SELinux support otherwise the option is unavailable.)
267 \fB\-V\fR, \fB\-\-version\fR
268 Display version information and exit.
270 \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
271 Display help text and exit.
277 .UR biederm@xmission.com
285 The nsenter command is part of the util-linux package and is available from
286 .UR https://\:www.kernel.org\:/pub\:/linux\:/utils\:/util-linux/