/*
* mdadm - manage Linux "md" devices aka RAID arrays.
*
- * Copyright (C) 2001-2002 Neil Brown <neilb@cse.unsw.edu.au>
+ * Copyright (C) 2001-2016 Neil Brown <neilb@suse.com>
+ * Copyright (C) 2016-2017 Jes Sorensen <Jes.Sorensen@gmail.com>
*
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*
* Author: Neil Brown
- * Email: <neilb@cse.unsw.edu.au>
- * Paper: Neil Brown
- * School of Computer Science and Engineering
- * The University of New South Wales
- * Sydney, 2052
- * Australia
+ * Email: <neilb@suse.de>
+ * Maintainer: Jes Sorensen
+ * Email: <Jes.Sorensen@gmail.com>
*/
#include "mdadm.h"
-char Version[] = Name " - v1.0.9 - 12 Feb 2003\n";
+#ifndef VERSION
+#define VERSION "4.1"
+#endif
+#ifndef VERS_DATE
+#define VERS_DATE "2018-10-01"
+#endif
+#ifndef EXTRAVERSION
+#define EXTRAVERSION ""
+#endif
+char Version[] = "mdadm - v" VERSION " - " VERS_DATE EXTRAVERSION "\n";
+
/*
* File: ReadMe.c
*
* This file contains general comments about the implementation
* and the various usage messages that can be displayed by mdadm
*
- * mdadm is a single program that can be used to control Linux md devices.
- * It is intended to provide all the functionality of the mdtools and
- * raidtools but with a very different interface.
- * mdadm can perform all functions without a configuration file.
- * There is the option of using a configuration file, but not in the same
- * way that raidtools uses one
- * raidtools uses a configuration file to describe how to create a RAID
- * array, and also uses this file partially to start a previously
- * created RAID array. Further, raidtools requires the configuration
- * file for such things as stopping a raid array which needs to know
- * nothing about the array.
- *
- * The configuration file that can be used by mdadm lists two
- * different things:
- * 1/ a mapping from uuid to md device to identify which arrays are
- * expect and what names (numbers) they should be given
- * 2/ a list of devices that should be scanned for md sub-devices
- *
- *
*/
/*
- * mdadm has 6 major modes of operation:
+ * mdadm has 7 major modes of operation:
* 1/ Create
* This mode is used to create a new array with a superblock
- * It can progress in several step create-add-add-run
- * or it can all happen with one command
* 2/ Assemble
* This mode is used to assemble the parts of a previously created
* array into an active array. Components can be explicitly given
- * or can be searched for. mdadm (optionally) check that the components
+ * or can be searched for. mdadm (optionally) checks that the components
* do form a bona-fide array, and can, on request, fiddle superblock
* version numbers so as to assemble a faulty array.
* 3/ Build
* Also query will treat it as either
* 6/ Monitor
* This mode never exits but just monitors arrays and reports changes.
+ * 7/ Grow
+ * This mode allows for changing of key attributes of a raid array, such
+ * as size, number of devices, and possibly even layout.
+ * 8/ Incremental
+ * Is assembles an array incrementally instead of all at once.
+ * As devices are discovered they can be passed to "mdadm --incremental"
+ * which will collect them. When enough devices to for an array are
+ * found, it is started.
*/
-char short_options[]="-ABCDEFGQhVvbc:l:p:m:n:x:u:c:d:z:U:sarfRSow";
+char short_options[]="-ABCDEFGIQhVXYWZ:vqbc:i:l:p:m:n:x:u:c:d:z:U:N:sarfRSow1tye:k:";
+char short_bitmap_options[]=
+ "-ABCDEFGIQhVXYWZ:vqb:c:i:l:p:m:n:x:u:c:d:z:U:N:sarfRSow1tye:k:";
+char short_bitmap_auto_options[]=
+ "-ABCDEFGIQhVXYWZ:vqb:c:i:l:p:m:n:x:u:c:d:z:U:N:sa:rfRSow1tye:k:";
+
struct option long_options[] = {
- {"manage", 0, 0, '@'},
- {"misc", 0, 0, '#'},
+ {"manage", 0, 0, ManageOpt},
+ {"misc", 0, 0, MiscOpt},
{"assemble", 0, 0, 'A'},
{"build", 0, 0, 'B'},
{"create", 0, 0, 'C'},
{"detail", 0, 0, 'D'},
{"examine", 0, 0, 'E'},
{"follow", 0, 0, 'F'},
- {"grow", 0, 0, 'G'}, /* not yet implemented */
- {"zero-superblock", 0, 0, 'K'}, /* deliberately no a short_option */
+ {"grow", 0, 0, 'G'},
+ {"incremental",0,0, 'I'},
+ {"zero-superblock", 0, 0, KillOpt}, /* deliberately not a short_option */
{"query", 0, 0, 'Q'},
+ {"examine-bitmap", 0, 0, 'X'},
+ {"auto-detect", 0, 0, AutoDetect},
+ {"detail-platform", 0, 0, DetailPlatform},
+ {"kill-subarray", 1, 0, KillSubarray},
+ {"update-subarray", 1, 0, UpdateSubarray},
+ {"udev-rules", 2, 0, UdevRules},
+ {"offroot", 0, 0, OffRootOpt},
+ {"examine-badblocks", 0, 0, ExamineBB},
+
+ {"dump", 1, 0, Dump},
+ {"restore", 1, 0, Restore},
/* synonyms */
{"monitor", 0, 0, 'F'},
-
+
/* after those will normally come the name of the md device */
+
{"help", 0, 0, 'h'},
+ {"help-options",0,0, HelpOptions},
{"version", 0, 0, 'V'},
{"verbose", 0, 0, 'v'},
+ {"quiet", 0, 0, 'q'},
/* For create or build: */
- {"chunk", 1, 0, 'c'},
- {"rounding", 1, 0, 'c'}, /* for linear, chunk is really a rounding number */
- {"level", 1, 0, 'l'}, /* 0,1,4,5,linear */
- {"parity", 1, 0, 'p'}, /* {left,right}-{a,}symmetric */
- {"layout", 1, 0, 'p'},
+ {"chunk", 1, 0, ChunkSize},
+ {"rounding", 1, 0, ChunkSize}, /* for linear, chunk is really a
+ * rounding number */
+ {"level", 1, 0, 'l'}, /* 0,1,4,5,6,linear */
+ {"parity", 1, 0, Layout}, /* {left,right}-{a,}symmetric */
+ {"layout", 1, 0, Layout},
{"raid-disks",1, 0, 'n'},
{"raid-devices",1, 0, 'n'},
{"spare-disks",1,0, 'x'},
{"spare-devices",1,0, 'x'},
- {"size" ,1, 0, 'z'},
+ {"size", 1, 0, 'z'},
+ {"auto", 1, 0, Auto}, /* also for --assemble */
+ {"assume-clean",0,0, AssumeClean },
+ {"metadata", 1, 0, 'e'}, /* superblock format */
+ {"bitmap", 1, 0, Bitmap},
+ {"bitmap-chunk", 1, 0, BitmapChunk},
+ {"write-behind", 2, 0, WriteBehind},
+ {"write-mostly",0, 0, WriteMostly},
+ {"failfast", 0, 0, FailFast},
+ {"nofailfast",0, 0, NoFailFast},
+ {"re-add", 0, 0, ReAdd},
+ {"homehost", 1, 0, HomeHost},
+ {"symlinks", 1, 0, Symlinks},
+ {"data-offset",1, 0, DataOffset},
+ {"nodes",1, 0, Nodes}, /* also for --assemble */
+ {"home-cluster",1, 0, ClusterName},
+ {"write-journal",1, 0, WriteJournal},
+ {"consistency-policy", 1, 0, 'k'},
/* For assemble */
{"uuid", 1, 0, 'u'},
- {"super-minor",1,0, 'm'},
- {"config", 1, 0, 'c'},
+ {"super-minor",1,0, SuperMinor},
+ {"name", 1, 0, 'N'},
+ {"config", 1, 0, ConfigFile},
{"scan", 0, 0, 's'},
- {"force", 0, 0, 'f'},
+ {"force", 0, 0, Force},
{"update", 1, 0, 'U'},
+ {"freeze-reshape", 0, 0, FreezeReshape},
+
/* Management */
- {"add", 0, 0, 'a'},
- {"remove", 0, 0, 'r'},
- {"fail", 0, 0, 'f'},
- {"set-faulty",0, 0, 'f'},
+ {"add", 0, 0, Add},
+ {"add-spare", 0, 0, AddSpare},
+ {"add-journal", 0, 0, AddJournal},
+ {"remove", 0, 0, Remove},
+ {"fail", 0, 0, Fail},
+ {"set-faulty",0, 0, Fail},
+ {"replace", 0, 0, Replace},
+ {"with", 0, 0, With},
{"run", 0, 0, 'R'},
{"stop", 0, 0, 'S'},
{"readonly", 0, 0, 'o'},
{"readwrite", 0, 0, 'w'},
+ {"no-degraded",0,0, NoDegraded },
+ {"wait", 0, 0, WaitOpt},
+ {"wait-clean", 0, 0, Waitclean },
+ {"action", 1, 0, Action },
+ {"cluster-confirm", 0, 0, ClusterConfirm},
/* For Detail/Examine */
- {"brief", 0, 0, 'b'},
- {"sparc2.2", 0, 0, 22},
+ {"brief", 0, 0, Brief},
+ {"no-devices",0, 0, NoDevices},
+ {"export", 0, 0, 'Y'},
+ {"sparc2.2", 0, 0, Sparc22},
+ {"test", 0, 0, 't'},
+ {"prefer", 1, 0, Prefer},
/* For Follow/monitor */
- {"mail", 1, 0, 'm'},
- {"program", 1, 0, 'p'},
- {"alert", 1, 0, 'p'},
+ {"mail", 1, 0, EMail},
+ {"program", 1, 0, ProgramOpt},
+ {"alert", 1, 0, ProgramOpt},
+ {"increment", 1, 0, Increment},
{"delay", 1, 0, 'd'},
-
-
+ {"daemonise", 0, 0, Fork},
+ {"daemonize", 0, 0, Fork},
+ {"oneshot", 0, 0, '1'},
+ {"pid-file", 1, 0, 'i'},
+ {"syslog", 0, 0, 'y'},
+ {"no-sharing", 0, 0, NoSharing},
+
+ /* For Grow */
+ {"backup-file", 1,0, BackupFile},
+ {"invalid-backup",0,0,InvalidBackup},
+ {"array-size", 1, 0, 'Z'},
+ {"continue", 0, 0, Continue},
+
+ /* For Incremental */
+ {"rebuild-map", 0, 0, RebuildMapOpt},
+ {"path", 1, 0, IncrementalPath},
+
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
;
char Help[] =
+"mdadm is used for building, managing, and monitoring\n"
+"Linux md devices (aka RAID arrays)\n"
"Usage: mdadm --create device options...\n"
+" Create a new array from unused devices.\n"
" mdadm --assemble device options...\n"
+" Assemble a previously created array.\n"
" mdadm --build device options...\n"
+" Create or assemble an array without metadata.\n"
" mdadm --manage device options...\n"
+" make changes to an existing array.\n"
" mdadm --misc options... devices\n"
+" report on or modify various md related devices.\n"
+" mdadm --grow options device\n"
+" resize/reshape an active array\n"
+" mdadm --incremental device\n"
+" add/remove a device to/from an array as appropriate\n"
" mdadm --monitor options...\n"
+" Monitor one or more array for significant changes.\n"
" mdadm device options...\n"
-" mdadm is used for building, managing, and monitoring\n"
-" Linux md devices (aka RAID arrays)\n"
-" For detail help on the above major modes use --help after the mode\n"
+" Shorthand for --manage.\n"
+"Any parameter that does not start with '-' is treated as a device name\n"
+"or, for --examine-bitmap, a file name.\n"
+"The first such name is often the name of an md device. Subsequent\n"
+"names are often names of component devices.\n"
+"\n"
+" For detailed help on the above major modes use --help after the mode\n"
" e.g.\n"
" mdadm --assemble --help\n"
-"\n"
+" For general help on options use\n"
+" mdadm --help-options\n"
+;
+
+char OptionHelp[] =
"Any parameter that does not start with '-' is treated as a device name\n"
+"or, for --examine-bitmap, a file name.\n"
"The first such name is often the name of an md device. Subsequent\n"
-"names are often names of component devices."
+"names are often names of component devices.\n"
"\n"
"Some common options are:\n"
-" --help -h : This help message or, after above option,\n"
+" --help -h : General help message or, after above option,\n"
" mode specific help message\n"
+" --help-options : This help message\n"
" --version -V : Print version information for mdadm\n"
" --verbose -v : Be more verbose about what is happening\n"
+" --quiet -q : Don't print un-necessary messages\n"
" --brief -b : Be less verbose, more brief\n"
+" --export -Y : With --detail, --detail-platform or --examine use\n"
+" key=value format for easy import into environment\n"
" --force -f : Override normal checks and be more forceful\n"
"\n"
" --assemble -A : Assemble an array\n"
-" --build -B : Build a legacy array\n"
+" --build -B : Build an array without metadata\n"
" --create -C : Create a new array\n"
" --detail -D : Display details of an array\n"
" --examine -E : Examine superblock on an array component\n"
+" --examine-bitmap -X: Display the detail of a bitmap file\n"
+" --examine-badblocks: Display list of known bad blocks on device\n"
" --monitor -F : monitor (follow) some arrays\n"
+" --grow -G : resize/ reshape and array\n"
+" --incremental -I : add/remove a single device to/from an array as appropriate\n"
" --query -Q : Display general information about how a\n"
" device relates to the md driver\n"
+" --auto-detect : Start arrays auto-detected by the kernel\n"
;
/*
"\n"
" For create or build:\n"
+" --bitmap= -b : File to store bitmap in - may pre-exist for --build\n"
" --chunk= -c : chunk size of kibibytes\n"
" --rounding= : rounding factor for linear array (==chunk size)\n"
-" --level= -l : raid level: 0,1,4,5,linear,mp. 0 or linear for build\n"
-" --parity= -p : raid5 parity algorithm: {left,right}-{,a}symmetric\n"
-" --layout= : same as --parity\n"
+" --level= -l : raid level: 0,1,4,5,6,10,linear, or mp for create.\n"
+" : 0,1,10,mp,faulty or linear for build.\n"
+" --parity= -p : raid5/6 parity algorithm: {left,right}-{,a}symmetric\n"
+" --layout= : same as --parity, for RAID10: [fno]NN \n"
" --raid-devices= -n : number of active devices in array\n"
-" --spare-devices= -x: number of spares (eXtras) devices in initial array\n"
-" --size= -z : Size (in K) of each drive in RAID1/4/5 - optional\n"
+" --spare-devices= -x: number of spare (eXtra) devices in initial array\n"
+" --size= -z : Size (in K) of each drive in RAID1/4/5/6/10 - optional\n"
" --force -f : Honour devices as listed on command line. Don't\n"
" : insert a missing drive for RAID5.\n"
+" --assume-clean : Assume the array is already in-sync. This is dangerous for RAID5.\n"
+" --bitmap-chunk= : chunksize of bitmap in bitmap file (Kilobytes)\n"
+" --delay= -d : seconds between bitmap updates\n"
+" --write-behind= : number of simultaneous write-behind requests to allow (requires bitmap)\n"
+" --name= -N : Textual name for array - max 32 characters\n"
"\n"
" For assemble:\n"
+" --bitmap= -b : File to find bitmap information in\n"
" --uuid= -u : uuid of array to assemble. Devices which don't\n"
" have this uuid are excluded\n"
" --super-minor= -m : minor number to look for in super-block when\n"
" choosing devices to use.\n"
+" --name= -N : Array name to look for in super-block.\n"
" --config= -c : config file\n"
" --scan -s : scan config file for missing information\n"
" --force -f : Assemble the array even if some superblocks appear out-of-date\n"
-" --update= -U : Update superblock: either sparc2.2 or super-minor\n"
+" --update= -U : Update superblock: try '-A --update=?' for list of options.\n"
+" --no-degraded : Do not start any degraded arrays - default unless --scan.\n"
"\n"
" For detail or examine:\n"
" --brief -b : Just print device name and UUID\n"
"\n"
" General management:\n"
" --add -a : add, or hotadd subsequent devices\n"
+" --re-add : re-add a recently removed device\n"
" --remove -r : remove subsequent devices\n"
-" --fail -f : mark subsequent devices a faulty\n"
+" --fail -f : mark subsequent devices as faulty\n"
" --set-faulty : same as --fail\n"
+" --replace : mark a device for replacement\n"
" --run -R : start a partially built array\n"
" --stop -S : deactivate array, releasing all resources\n"
" --readonly -o : mark array as readonly\n"
" --readwrite -w : mark array as readwrite\n"
" --zero-superblock : erase the MD superblock from a device.\n"
+" --wait -W : wait for recovery/resync/reshape to finish.\n"
;
*/
char Help_create[] =
-"Usage: mdadm --create device -chunk=X --level=Y --raid-devices=Z devices\n"
+"Usage: mdadm --create device --chunk=X --level=Y --raid-devices=Z devices\n"
"\n"
-" This usage will initialise a new md array and associate some\n"
-" devices with it. If enough devices are given to complete the array,\n"
-" the array will be activated. Otherwise it will be left inactive\n"
-" to be completed and activated by subsequent management commands.\n"
+" This usage will initialise a new md array, associate some\n"
+" devices with it, and activate the array. In order to create an\n"
+" array with some devices missing, use the special word 'missing' in\n"
+" place of the relevant device name.\n"
"\n"
-" As devices are added, they are checked to see if they already contain\n"
+" Before devices are added, they are checked to see if they already contain\n"
" raid superblocks or filesystems. They are also checked to see if\n"
" the variance in device size exceeds 1%.\n"
-" If any discrepancy is found, the array will not automatically\n"
-" be run, though the presence of a '--run' can override this\n"
+" If any discrepancy is found, the user will be prompted for confirmation\n"
+" before the array is created. The presence of a '--run' can override this\n"
" caution.\n"
"\n"
" If the --size option is given then only that many kilobytes of each\n"
" other levels.\n"
"\n"
" Options that are valid with --create (-C) are:\n"
-" --chunk= -c : chunk size of kibibytes\n"
-" --rounding= : rounding factor for linear array (==chunk size)\n"
-" --level= -l : raid level: 0,1,4,5,linear,multipath and synonyms\n"
-" --parity= -p : raid5 parity algorithm: {left,right}-{,a}symmetric\n"
-" --layout= : same as --parity\n"
-" --raid-devices= -n : number of active devices in array\n"
-" --spare-devices= -x: number of spares (eXtras) devices in initial array\n"
-" --size= -z : Size (in K) of each drive in RAID1/4/5 - optional\n"
-" --force -f : Honour devices as listed on command line. Don't\n"
-" : insert a missing drive for RAID5.\n"
-" --run : insist of running the array even if not all\n"
-" : devices are present or some look odd.\n"
-" --readonly : start the array readonly - not supported yet.\n"
+" --bitmap= -b : Create a bitmap for the array with the given filename\n"
+" : or an internal bitmap if 'internal' is given\n"
+" --chunk= -c : chunk size in kibibytes\n"
+" --rounding= : rounding factor for linear array (==chunk size)\n"
+" --level= -l : raid level: 0,1,4,5,6,10,linear,multipath and synonyms\n"
+" --parity= -p : raid5/6 parity algorithm: {left,right}-{,a}symmetric\n"
+" --layout= : same as --parity, for RAID10: [fno]NN \n"
+" --raid-devices= -n : number of active devices in array\n"
+" --spare-devices= -x : number of spare (eXtra) devices in initial array\n"
+" --size= -z : Size (in K) of each drive in RAID1/4/5/6/10 - optional\n"
+" --data-offset= : Space to leave between start of device and start\n"
+" : of array data.\n"
+" --force -f : Honour devices as listed on command line. Don't\n"
+" : insert a missing drive for RAID5.\n"
+" --run -R : insist of running the array even if not all\n"
+" : devices are present or some look odd.\n"
+" --readonly -o : start the array readonly - not supported yet.\n"
+" --name= -N : Textual name for array - max 32 characters\n"
+" --bitmap-chunk= : bitmap chunksize in Kilobytes.\n"
+" --delay= -d : bitmap update delay in seconds.\n"
+" --write-journal= : Specify journal device for RAID-4/5/6 array\n"
+" --consistency-policy= : Specify the policy that determines how the array\n"
+" -k : maintains consistency in case of unexpected shutdown.\n"
"\n"
;
" assembling the array, except that hopefully there is useful data\n"
" there in the second case.\n"
"\n"
-" The level may only be 0, raid0, or linear.\n"
+" The level may only be 0, 1, 10, linear, multipath, or faulty.\n"
" All devices must be listed and the array will be started once complete.\n"
" Options that are valid with --build (-B) are:\n"
+" --bitmap= : file to store/find bitmap information in.\n"
" --chunk= -c : chunk size of kibibytes\n"
" --rounding= : rounding factor for linear array (==chunk size)\n"
-" --level= -l : 0, raid0, or linear\n"
-" --raid-devices= -n : number of active devices in array\n"
+" --level= -l : 0, 1, 10, linear, multipath, faulty\n"
+" --raid-devices= -n : number of active devices in array\n"
+" --bitmap-chunk= : bitmap chunksize in Kilobytes.\n"
+" --delay= -d : bitmap update delay in seconds.\n"
;
char Help_assemble[] =
"the array, and a number of sub devices. These can be found in a number\n"
"of ways.\n"
"\n"
-"The md device is either given on the command line or is found listed\n"
-"in the config file. The array identity is determined either from the\n"
-"--uuid or --super-minor commandline arguments, from the config file,\n"
+"The md device is given on the command line, is found listed in the\n"
+"config file, or can be deduced from the array identity.\n"
+"The array identity is determined either from the --uuid, --name, or\n"
+"--super-minor commandline arguments, from the config file,\n"
"or from the first component device on the command line.\n"
"\n"
"The different combinations of these are as follows:\n"
" If the --scan option is given, and no devices are listed, then\n"
" every array listed in the config file is considered for assembly.\n"
" The identity of candidate devices are determined from the config file.\n"
+" After these arrays are assembled, mdadm will look for other devices\n"
+" that could form further arrays and tries to assemble them. This can\n"
+" be disabled using the 'AUTO' option in the config file.\n"
"\n"
" If the --scan option is given as well as one or more devices, then\n"
" Those devices are md devices that are to be assembled. Their identity\n"
" and components are determined from the config file.\n"
"\n"
+" If mdadm can not find all of the components for an array, it will assemble\n"
+" it but not activate it unless --run or --scan is given. To preserve this\n"
+" behaviour even with --scan, add --no-degraded. Note that \"all of the\n"
+" components\" means as many as were present the last time the array was running\n"
+" as recorded in the superblock. If the array was already degraded, and\n"
+" the missing device is not a new problem, it will still be assembled. It\n"
+" is only newly missing devices that cause the array not to be started.\n"
+"\n"
"Options that are valid with --assemble (-A) are:\n"
+" --bitmap= : bitmap file to use with the array\n"
" --uuid= -u : uuid of array to assemble. Devices which don't\n"
" have this uuid are excluded\n"
" --super-minor= -m : minor number to look for in super-block when\n"
" choosing devices to use.\n"
+" --name= -N : Array name to look for in super-block.\n"
" --config= -c : config file\n"
" --scan -s : scan config file for missing information\n"
" --run -R : Try to start the array even if not enough devices\n"
" for a full array are present\n"
" --force -f : Assemble the array even if some superblocks appear\n"
" : out-of-date. This involves modifying the superblocks.\n"
-" --update= -U : Update superblock: either sparc2.2 or super-minor\n"
+" --update= -U : Update superblock: try '-A --update=?' for option list.\n"
+" --no-degraded : Assemble but do not start degraded arrays.\n"
+" --readonly -o : Mark the array as read-only. No resync will start.\n"
;
char Help_manage[] =
"This usage is for managing the component devices within an array.\n"
"The --manage option is not needed and is assumed if the first argument\n"
"is a device name or a management option.\n"
-"The first device listed will be taken to be an md array device, and\n"
+"The first device listed will be taken to be an md array device, any\n"
"subsequent devices are (potential) components of that array.\n"
"\n"
"Options that are valid with management mode are:\n"
" --add -a : hotadd subsequent devices to the array\n"
+" --re-add : subsequent devices are re-added if there were\n"
+" : recent members of the array\n"
" --remove -r : remove subsequent devices, which must not be active\n"
" --fail -f : mark subsequent devices a faulty\n"
" --set-faulty : same as --fail\n"
+" --replace : mark device(s) to be replaced by spares. Once\n"
+" : replacement completes, device will be marked faulty\n"
+" --with : Indicate which spare a previous '--replace' should\n"
+" : prefer to use\n"
" --run -R : start a partially built array\n"
" --stop -S : deactivate array, releasing all resources\n"
" --readonly -o : mark array as readonly\n"
" --query -Q : Display general information about how a\n"
" device relates to the md driver\n"
" --detail -D : Display details of an array\n"
+" --detail-platform : Display hardware/firmware details\n"
" --examine -E : Examine superblock on an array component\n"
+" --examine-bitmap -X: Display contents of a bitmap file\n"
+" --examine-badblocks: Display list of known bad blocks on device\n"
" --zero-superblock : erase the MD superblock from a device.\n"
" --run -R : start a partially built array\n"
" --stop -S : deactivate array, releasing all resources\n"
" --readonly -o : mark array as readonly\n"
" --readwrite -w : mark array as readwrite\n"
+" --test -t : exit status 0 if ok, 1 if degrade, 2 if dead, 4 if missing\n"
+" --wait -W : wait for resync/rebuild/recovery to finish\n"
+" --action= : initiate or abort ('idle' or 'frozen') a 'check' or 'repair'.\n"
;
char Help_monitor[] =
"all devices listed in the config file are monitored.\n"
"The address for mailing advisories to, and the program to handle\n"
"each change can be specified in the config file or on the command line.\n"
-"If no mail address or program are specified, then mdadm reports all\n"
-"state changes to stdout.\n"
+"There must be at least one destination for advisories, whether\n"
+"an email address, a program, or --syslog\n"
"\n"
-"Options that are valid with the monitor (--F --follow) mode are:\n"
+"Options that are valid with the monitor (-F --follow) mode are:\n"
" --mail= -m : Address to mail alerts of failure to\n"
" --program= -p : Program to run when an event is detected\n"
" --alert= : same as --program\n"
+" --syslog -y : Report alerts via syslog\n"
+" --increment= -r : Report RebuildNN events in the given increment. default=20\n"
" --delay= -d : seconds of delay between polling state. default=60\n"
" --config= -c : specify a different config file\n"
" --scan -s : find mail-address/program in config file\n"
+" --daemonise -f : Fork and continue in child, parent exits\n"
+" --pid-file= -i : In daemon mode write pid to specified file instead of stdout\n"
+" --oneshot -1 : Check for degraded arrays, then exit\n"
+" --test -t : Generate a TestMessage event against each array at startup\n"
;
+char Help_grow[] =
+"Usage: mdadm --grow device options\n"
+"\n"
+"This usage causes mdadm to attempt to reconfigure a running array.\n"
+"This is only possibly if the kernel being used supports a particular\n"
+"reconfiguration.\n"
+"\n"
+"Options that are valid with the grow (-G --grow) mode are:\n"
+" --level= -l : Tell mdadm what level to convert the array to.\n"
+" --layout= -p : For a FAULTY array, set/change the error mode.\n"
+" : for other arrays, update the layout\n"
+" --size= -z : Change the active size of devices in an array.\n"
+" : This is useful if all devices have been replaced\n"
+" : with larger devices. Value is in Kilobytes, or\n"
+" : the special word 'max' meaning 'as large as possible'.\n"
+" --assume-clean : When increasing the --size, this flag will avoid\n"
+" : a resync of the new space\n"
+" --chunk= -c : Change the chunksize of the array\n"
+" --raid-devices= -n : Change the number of active devices in an array.\n"
+" --add= -a : Add listed devices as part of reshape. This is\n"
+" : needed for resizing a RAID0 which cannot have\n"
+" : spares already present.\n"
+" --bitmap= -b : Add or remove a write-intent bitmap.\n"
+" --backup-file= file : A file on a different device to store data for a\n"
+" : short time while increasing raid-devices on a\n"
+" : RAID4/5/6 array. Also needed throughout a reshape\n"
+" : when changing parameters other than raid-devices\n"
+" --array-size= -Z : Change visible size of array. This does not change any\n"
+" : data on the device, and is not stable across restarts.\n"
+" --data-offset= : Location on device to move start of data to.\n"
+" --consistency-policy= : Change the consistency policy of an active array.\n"
+" -k : Currently works only for PPL with RAID5.\n"
+;
-
+char Help_incr[] =
+"Usage: mdadm --incremental [-Rqrsf] device\n"
+"\n"
+"This usage allows for incremental assembly of md arrays. Devices can be\n"
+"added one at a time as they are discovered. Once an array has all expected\n"
+"devices, it will be started.\n"
+"\n"
+"Optionally, the process can be reversed by using the fail option.\n"
+"When fail mode is invoked, mdadm will see if the device belongs to an array\n"
+"and then both fail (if needed) and remove the device from that array.\n"
+"\n"
+"Options that are valid with incremental assembly (-I --incremental) are:\n"
+" --run -R : Run arrays as soon as a minimal number of devices are\n"
+" : present rather than waiting for all expected.\n"
+" --quiet -q : Don't print any information messages, just errors.\n"
+" --rebuild-map -r : Rebuild the 'map' file that mdadm uses for tracking\n"
+" : partial arrays.\n"
+" --scan -s : Use with -R to start any arrays that have the minimal\n"
+" : required number of devices, but are not yet started.\n"
+" --fail -f : First fail (if needed) and then remove device from\n"
+" : any array that it is a member of.\n"
+;
char Help_config[] =
"The /etc/mdadm.conf config file:\n\n"
" The config file contains, apart from blank lines and comment lines that\n"
-" start with a hash(#), four sorts of configuration lines: array lines, \n"
-" device lines, mailaddr lines and program lines.\n"
-" Each configuration line is constructed of a number of space separated\n"
-" words, and can be continued on subsequent physical lines by indenting\n"
-" those lines.\n"
+" start with a hash(#), array lines, device lines, and various\n"
+" configuration lines.\n"
+" Each line is constructed of a number of space separated words, and can\n"
+" be continued on subsequent physical lines by indenting those lines.\n"
"\n"
" A device line starts with the word 'device' and then has a number of words\n"
" which identify devices. These words should be names of devices in the\n"
" containing wildcards, preceded by 'devices='. If multiple critea are given,\n"
" than a device must match all of them to be considered.\n"
"\n"
-" A mailaddr line starts with the word 'mailaddr' and should contain exactly\n"
-" one Email address. 'mdadm --monitor --scan' will send alerts of failed drives\n"
-" to this Email address."
-"\n"
-" A program line starts with the word 'program' and should contain exactly\n"
-" one program name. 'mdadm --monitor --scan' will run this program when any\n"
-" event is detected.\n"
+" Other configuration lines include:\n"
+" mailaddr, mailfrom, program used for --monitor mode\n"
+" create, auto used when creating device names in /dev\n"
+" homehost, policy, part-policy used to guide policy in various\n"
+" situations\n"
"\n"
;
-
-/* name/number mappings */
-
-mapping_t r5layout[] = {
- { "left-asymmetric", 0},
- { "right-asymmetric", 1},
- { "left-symmetric", 2},
- { "right-symmetric", 3},
-
- { "default", 2},
- { "la", 0},
- { "ra", 1},
- { "ls", 2},
- { "rs", 3},
- { NULL, 0}
-};
-
-mapping_t pers[] = {
- { "linear", -1},
- { "raid0", 0},
- { "0", 0},
- { "stripe", 0},
- { "raid1", 1},
- { "1", 1},
- { "mirror", 1},
- { "raid4", 4},
- { "4", 4},
- { "raid5", 5},
- { "5", 5},
- { "multipath", -4},
- { "mp", -4},
- { NULL, 0}
-};
-
-
-mapping_t modes[] = {
- { "assemble", ASSEMBLE},
- { "build", BUILD},
- { "create", CREATE},
- { "manage", MANAGE},
- { "misc", MISC},
- { "monitor", MONITOR},
+char *mode_help[mode_count] = {
+ [0] = Help,
+ [ASSEMBLE] = Help_assemble,
+ [BUILD] = Help_build,
+ [CREATE] = Help_create,
+ [MANAGE] = Help_manage,
+ [MISC] = Help_misc,
+ [MONITOR] = Help_monitor,
+ [GROW] = Help_grow,
+ [INCREMENTAL] = Help_incr,
};
projects / thirdparty / mdadm.git / blobdiff